hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Variational message passing
Variational message passing (VMP) is an approximate inference technique for continuous- or discrete-valued Bayesian networks, with conjugate-exponential parents, developed by John Winn. VMP was developed as a means of generalizing the approximate variational methods used by such techniques as latent Dirichlet allocation, and works by updating an approximate distribution at each node through messages in the node's Markov blanket.

Conjugate index
In mathematics, two real numbers  are called conjugate indices (or Hölder conjugates) if

Formally, we also define   as conjugate to  and vice versa.

Conjugate indices are used in Hölder's inequality, as well as Young's inequality for products; the latter can be used to prove the former. If  are conjugate indices, the spaces Lp and Lq are dual to each other (see Lp space).
Parang Bongkok
The Parang Bongkok (bongkok in Malay language literally means "hunched") is a billhook parang that originates from Kelantan, Malaysia.

It has the shape of a sickle but it is broad at the middle of its blade with a steep drop point at the tip. The blade is joined to the handle with an integral neck. The handle, made of wood, has a simply turned stupa shape.

Billhook
A billhook or bill hook is a versatile cutting tool used widely in agriculture and forestry for cutting woody material such as shrubs, small trees and branches. It is distinct from the sickle. It was commonly used in Europe with an important variety of traditional local patterns. Elsewhere, it was also developed locally such as in the Indian subcontinent, or introduced regionally as in the Americas, South Africa, and Oceania by European settlers.
Rob Hollink
Rob Hollink (born 27 March 1962 in Enschede, Netherlands) is a professional poker player based in Groningen. He has won both a European Poker Tour (EPT) title and World Series of Poker bracelet, becoming the first person from the Netherlands to do so, first was at the EPT's inaugural Grand Final of the European Poker Tour in Monte Carlo in 2005 and then he won his first bracelet at the 2008 World Series of Poker in the $10,000 Limit Hold'em World Championship, becoming the first Dutch bracelet winner.

Enschede
Enschede (Dutch: [ˈɛnsxədeː] ⓘ; local Twents: Eanske [ˈɛːnskə]) is a city and municipality in the province of Overijssel and the Twente region of the eastern Netherlands. The east of the urban area reaches the border of the German city of Gronau.

Enschede began as a small settlement in the Middle Ages and was granted city rights in 1325. It grew as a regional centre for trade and agriculture before becoming a major hub of the textile industry in the 18th and 19th centuries. Until 1935, the municipality of Enschede consisted only of the city of Enschede, when the rural municipality of Lonneker, which surrounded the city, was annexed after the rapid industrial expansion of Enschede that began in the 1860s and involved the building of railways and the digging of the Twentekanaal.

Enschede is home to the football club FC Twente, a one-time Dutch champion; the University of Twente; Saxion University of Applied Sciences and the last Polaroid film factory.
Ed, Edd n Eddy: Jawbreakers!
Ed, Edd n Eddy: Jawbreakers! is a 2D side-scrolling video game developed by Climax Group and published by BAM! Entertainment, with European distribution handled by Acclaim Entertainment. It was released exclusively for the Game Boy Advance on March 25, 2003. Based on Cartoon Network's animated television series Ed, Edd n Eddy, the game mirrors Ed, Edd, and Eddy's television quest to make money to buy jawbreakers. Press outlets compared the gameplay to The Lost Vikings.

Jawbreakers! received mostly poor reviews from critics upon its release. Cartoon Network later released two other games based on the animated series: Ed, Edd n Eddy: The Mis-Edventures in 2005 for Game Boy Advance, GameCube, Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 2, and Xbox and Ed, Edd n Eddy: Scam of the Century for Nintendo DS in 2007.

Climax Studios
Climax Studios is a British video game developer based in Portsmouth that is best known for their work on the 2004 action role-playing game Sudeki and the 2007 and 2009 survival horror video games Silent Hill: Origins and Silent Hill: Shattered Memories from the Silent Hill franchise.
Canton of Charleville-Mézières-4
The canton of Charleville-Mézières-4 is an administrative division of the Ardennes department, northern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation, which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Charleville-Mézières.

It consists of the following communes:

Charleville-Mézières (partly)

La Francheville

Ardennes (department)
Ardennes (French: [aʁdɛn] ⓘ) is a department in the Grand Est region of northeastern France named after the broader Ardennes. Its prefecture is the town Charleville-Mézières. The department has 270,582 inhabitants. The inhabitants of the department are known as Ardennais or Ardennaises.
Brandwatch Qriously
Brandwatch Qriously is a market research and polling company, owned by Brandwatch. They are a member of the British Polling Council. According to Bloomberg, Brandwatch Qriously "provides an online service for measuring location-based public sentiments in real-time". The company's business model is based around developing advertisements within mobile apps which display questions for users to answer.

British Polling Council
The British Polling Council (BPC) is an association of market research companies whose opinion polls are regularly published or broadcast in media in the United Kingdom. The current President is Jane Green.

The BPC was established in 2004, twelve years after the perceived failure of opinion polls to come close to predicting the actual result of the 1992 general election. BPC members use a range of fieldwork methods (telephone, door-to-door, and internet) and statistical tools.
Isparta Museum
Isparta Museum is a museum in Isparta, Turkey. It is on Millet street in Isparta at 37°46′15″N 30°33′30″E﻿ / ﻿37.77083°N 30.55833°E﻿ / 37.77083; 30.55833.

The museum was opened on 6 March 1985. Following a restoration it was reopened in 2003.

The Isparta Museum was closed to visitors in 2014 for renovation and strengthening works; although a decision was later made to demolish and rebuild the building, no construction has been initiated for years.

Isparta
Isparta is a city in western Turkey. It is the seat of Isparta Province and Isparta District. Its population is 247,580 (2022). Its elevation is 1035 m. It is known as the "City of Roses".
Isparta is well-connected to other parts of Turkey via roads. Antalya lies 130 km to the south and Eskişehir is 350 km to the north.
Süleyman Demirel University has introduced thousands of youths from varied backgrounds to the city's mostly conservative fabric in recent years. The city’s football team, Isparta 32 Spor, was founded in 1976 in Isparta. The club’s colors are green and pink, and the team plays its home matches at the 4,345-seat Isparta Atatürk City Stadium. It currently competes in the TFF Second League.
Canton of Savigné-l'Évêque
The canton of Savigné-l'Évêque is an administrative division of the Sarthe department, northwestern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Savigné-l'Évêque.

It consists of the following communes:

Sarthe
Sarthe (French pronunciation: [saʁt] ⓘ) is a department of the French region of Pays de la Loire, and the province of Maine, situated in the Grand-Ouest of the country. It is named after the river Sarthe, which flows from east of Le Mans to just north of Angers. It had a population of 566,412 in 2019.
Jenelle Riley
Jenelle Lynn Riley (born September 26, 1982) is an American screenwriter, actress, host, journalist, and producer. Riley wrote the 2015 short film Warning Labels, directed by Jennifer Morrison, and was the original host of Variety's Actors on Actors, for which she has won a Daytime Emmy Award and two Los Angeles Emmy Awards. She was also an editor for Variety and contributor to The Huffington Post. She wrote and directed the award-winning play "A Kind of Love Story" which had its world premiere at Sacred Fools Theater Company in Los Angeles. She is the regular host of career conversations for the SAG-AFTRA Foundation, where she has conducted lengthy interviews with various actors.

Los Angeles Emmy Awards
The Los Angeles Emmy Awards are presented by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS) in recognition of excellence in the local programming of the Greater Los Angeles area. They are the only regional Emmys presented directly by the ATAS; all the other regional Emmys across the country are given out by each regional chapter of the ATAS' sister organization, the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (NATAS).

The Los Angeles Emmy Award is the successor to the first three Emmy Award ceremonies held from 1949 to 1951 when the Emmy primarily only honored shows that were produced or aired in the Los Angeles area.

The ATAS also gives out the Los Angeles Area Governors Award, which is presented for outstanding consistent achievement over a period of years, or in recognition of an outstanding, single notable contribution.
Jimmy Bermúdez
Jimmy Bermúdez Valencia (born 16 December 1987) is a former professional footballer who played as a defender. Mainly a centre-back, he also operated as a full-back.

Formed at Boca Juniors de Cali, Bermúdez joined Colombian giants Atlético Nacional and was loaned to Alianza Petrolera in the Categoría Primera B, where he began his professional career. After a second loan, this time to Atlético Bucaramanga in the Categoría Primera A, he was able to play with Atlético Nacional, winning Categoría Primera A. He later played for other Colombian clubs and for sides in Ecuador, Mexico and Equatorial Guinea.

Born and raised in Colombia to Colombian parents, Bermúdez officially played for the Colombia national under-20 team. He later appeared with the Equatorial Guinea national team, after people from the Central African nation liked of some of his football highlights on YouTube and contacted him via his Facebook fanpage.

Alianza Petrolera F.C.
Alianza Petrolera Fútbol Club was a Colombian professional football team based in Barrancabermeja, Santander, that last played in the Categoría Primera A. The club was founded in 1991 and played in the Categoría Primera B until 2012. They played their home games at the Daniel Villa Zapata stadium. They also played home matches in the town of Guarne, Antioquia, in Yopal, Casanare and in Floridablanca.

The club was dissolved in January 2024, with Alianza F.C. taking their place.
4×2=8
4×2=8 is the eighth studio album by South Korean singer Psy. The album was released digitally on May 10, 2017, by YG Entertainment, School Boy Records, and Republic Records. The title of the album is a Korean pun; the mathematical formula can be read in Korean as 'sa yi pal' (사이팔), which means '4 times 2 is 8,' the wordplay referring to the fact that this is Psy's 8th album.

This was Psy's last album under YG before his departure on May 15, 2018.

Schoolboy Records
Schoolboy Records is an American record label established in 2007 by Scooter Braun, as an imprint of Universal Music Group's Republic Records.

Schoolboy Records' first success was with Asher Roth's 2009 single, "I Love College," along with his debut album, Asleep in the Bread Aisle. The label saw further success with Carly Rae Jepsen, whose 2011 single,"Call Me Maybe," peaked atop the Billboard Hot 100. The label saw its furthest success international success with Korean rapper Psy, whose 2012 single, "Gangnam Style," peaked multiple international charts.
Jindřich Skácel
Jindřich Skácel (born 3 November 1979) is a former Czech football goalkeeper. He made over 50 appearances in the Czech First League. Skácel played international football at under-21 level for Czech Republic U21.

Skácel, who was born in Prostějov, rose to fame as a 17-year-old goalkeeper while playing Czech First League football for SK Sigma Olomouc. During his time at Olomouc, he also appeared for the club in the UEFA Cup. He later went to SK Slavia Prague on a 12-month loan, although he didn't make a first-team league appearance for the club and only played for the reserve team in the third-tier Bohemian Football League.

After four years outside the top flight, Skácel signed a contract with FC ViOn Zlaté Moravce who were playing in the 2007–08 Slovak Superliga.

Bohemian Football League
3rd Bohemian Football League (Czech: 3. Česká fotbalová liga; ČFL) is one of the third level football leagues of the Czech Republic (the other is the Moravian-Silesian Football League). The league comprises teams from the historic Bohemia region.
Chip Ritter
Kristopher "Chip" Ritter is an author, drummer, musician, and entertainer. Perhaps, best known for his appearance and showmanship on The Late Show with David Letterman in 2004 where he juggled three drumsticks while playing the drums during his "Stupid Human Tricks" spotlight. Career highlights include becoming an author for Mel Bay Publications as well as being recognized on Drummerworld.com

As an active artist, Ritter has performed at drumming events including the 2007 Tiger Bill Drumbeat Festival in New Jersey, the 2008 Chicago Drum Show, the 2009 Hollywood Drum Show, and the 2010 Drummers for Jesus Festival in Dallas, Texas. Ritter has shared clinic rosters and stages with fellow artists including Aaron Spears, Calvin Rodgers, Gerald Heyward, Gorden Campbell, Marvin McQuitty, Nisan Stewart, Richie Gajate Garcia, Seth Davis, Teddy Campbell, and many others.

Mel Bay
Melbourne Earl Bay (February 25, 1913 – May 14, 1997), known professionally as Mel Bay, was an American musician and publisher best known for his series of music education books. His Encyclopedia of Guitar Chords, first published in 1971, remains a bestseller.
Roxane Knetemann
Roxane Knetemann (born 1 April 1987 in Alkmaar) is a Dutch former professional racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2006 and 2019 for the AA-Drink Cycling Team, Vrienden van het Platteland, Rabo–Liv, FDJ Nouvelle-Aquitaine Futuroscope, Alé–Cipollini and Parkhotel Valkenburg teams.

Her father was 1978 world champion cycling Gerrie Knetemann.

Dutch National Track Championships – Women's points race
The Dutch National Track Championships – Women's points race is the Dutch national championship points race event held annually at the Dutch National Track Championships. The event was first held in 1989.
Akpafu-Todzi
Akpafu-Todzi is a village in the Akpafu traditional area of the Jasikan Municipality District in the Oti Region of Ghana. The inhabitants of Todzi (around 600–700 in total) call themselves the Mawu and speak Siwu, a Kwa language that is quite distinct from the dominant regional languages Ewe and Twi. The Siwu name for the village is kaa i kato, or "home up high". The oldest of the five Akpafu villages, Todzi functions as the capital of the traditional area and its chief is the paramount chief of Akpafu.

In the past, Akpafu-Todzi was one of the sites of the traditional iron industry of the Akpafu people. Some ancient mines can still be visited in the vicinity of the village, but the iron industry collapsed in the late nineteenth century. Nowadays, the inhabitants of Todzi are mostly peasant farmers.

Siwu language
Siwu is a language that is spoken in the mountainous central part of the Volta Region of Ghana. It belongs to the geographic group of Ghana Togo Mountain languages (traditionally called the Togorestsprachen or Togo Remnant languages) of the Kwa branch of Niger–Congo. The speakers of  Siwu call themselves the Mawu and their land Kawu. Some of the speakers of Siwu lives around Lolobi communities.
Armand Zunder
Armand Zunder (born 14 April 1946 in Paramaribo) is a Surinamese economist. As chairman of the Committee Reparations Slavery Past he was part of a reparations for slavery effort directed at the Netherlands. In 2020, Zunder became president of the Taxation Office.

Paramaribo
Paramaribo is the capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River in the Paramaribo District. Paramaribo has a population of roughly 252,581 people as of 2025 estimate, almost half of Suriname's population. The historic inner city of Paramaribo has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002.
Kenilworth Homestead
Kenilworth Homestead is a heritage-listed homestead at Eumundi Kenilworth Road, Kenilworth, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1865. It was also known as Kenilworth Station. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 30 November 1998.

Gympie
Gympie (/ˈɡɪmpi/ GHIM-pee) is a city and a locality in the Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia. Located in the Greater Sunshine Coast, Gympie is about 170.7 km (110 mi) north of the state capital, Brisbane. The city lies on the Mary River, which floods Gympie occasionally. The locality of Gympie is the central business district for the city of Gympie and also the administrative centre for the Gympie Region local government area. In the 2021 census, Gympie had an urban population of 22,424 people.

Gympie is famous for its gold field. It contains a number of historic buildings registered on the Queensland Heritage Register.
Hans Lotz
Hans-Martin Lotz (1 November 1947 - 2 May 2021) was an Australian hammer thrower.

He finished fourth at the 1982 Commonwealth Games, won the silver medal at the 1985 Pacific Conference Games finished sixth at the 1985 World Cup and seventh at the 1986 Commonwealth Games. He also competed at the 1983 World Championships without reaching the final.

Lotz became Australian champion in 1981 and 1982 as a West German citizen, then in 1983–1985 as an Australian citizen. His main competitors were Joe Quigley and Sean Carlin. His personal best throw was 73.80 metres, achieved in April 1983 in Melbourne.

1985 Pacific Conference Games
The 1985 Pacific Conference Games was the fifth and final edition of the international athletics competition between five Pacific coast nations: Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand and the United States. Like the 1981 edition before it, athletes from beyond the Pacific grouping were allowed to compete at the tournament. A total of 21 men's and 16 women's athletics events were contested. One change was made to the event programme: the women's pentathlon was dropped in favour of the heptathlon, mirroring the same change in the Olympic programme which had happened at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics.

The competition was held at the Edwards Stadium in Berkeley, California, with the United States being the last nation of the five original invited nations to fulfil its duty in hosting the meeting. Sports television channel ESPN broadcast highlights of the competition nationally.
1898 Tennessee gubernatorial election
The 1898 Tennessee gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1898. Incumbent Democratic governor Robert Love Taylor did not seek re-election. Democratic nominee Benton McMillin defeated Republican nominee James Alexander Fowler with 57.92% of the vote.

Governor of Tennessee
The governor of Tennessee is the head of government of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The governor is the only official in the Tennessee state government who is directly elected by the voters of the entire state.

The current governor is Bill Lee, a member of the Republican Party, who took office on January 19, 2019, as the state's 50th governor. He was re-elected to serve a second term in 2022.
James Arnold Crowther
James Arnold Crowther (28 August 1883 – 25 March 1950) was a British physicist who worked on beta particle scattering with J. J. Thomson in connection with the first tests of modern atomic physics (see plum pudding model), as well as X-ray scattering, including practical applications in medical radiology. He authored numerous textbooks and was a founding Fellow of the Institute of Physics.

Institute of Physics
The Institute of Physics (IOP) is a UK-based not-for-profit learned society and professional body that works to advance physics education, research and application.

It was founded in 1874 and has a worldwide membership of over 20,000. The IOP is the Physical Society for the UK and Ireland and supports physics in education, research and industry. In addition to this, the IOP provides services to its members including careers advice and professional development and grants the professional qualification of Chartered Physicist (CPhys), as well as Chartered Engineer (CEng) as a nominated body of the Engineering Council; it also holds its own separate Royal Charter. The IOP's publishing company, IOP Publishing, publishes 85 academic titles.
Fire like This
Fire like This is the second album by Brighton-based rock band Blood Red Shoes, released on 1 March 2010 in the UK and Europe through V2 Records. The album was recorded and mixed in late summer 2009 as a co-production with Mike Crossey, and was preceded by the free download single "Colours Fade", which was released on their website on 25 November 2009, and "Light It Up", which was released on 7" vinyl and via download on 22 February 2010. In January 2010, Blood Red Shoes started putting songs on their website for streaming one by one. By 26 February, the entire album was available to listen to on the site. The album was released in the USA and Canada on 12 October 2010.

On two tracks of the recording, "When We Wake" and "Colours Fade", the Springtime is used, a custom guitar with multiple outputs especially built for Carter in 2008.

The song "When We Wake" was used in late 2010 on the TV Show Huge; "Colours Fade" appears in an episode of CSI: NY season 8.

Huge (TV series)
Huge is an American teen drama television series that aired on ABC Family. The series is based on the young adult novel series of the same name by Sasha Paley. The hour-long drama series revolves around eight teens sent to a summer weight loss camp called Camp Victory. Winnie Holzman (creator of My So-Called Life) and her daughter Savannah Dooley wrote the plot.

Casting began in January, with production beginning in April 2010. The series premiered on June 28, 2010, at 9 p.m. with 2.53 million viewers. On October 4, 2010, ABC Family announced that Huge was not getting an extra episode order, therefore canceling the show.
Office Monkey
Office Monkey was a British hidden camera comedy game show programme that aired on ITV2 for two series from 2003 to 2005. Series 1 was presented by Steve Jones and series 2 was voiced over by Steve McKenna. In each episode, two people are challenged to perform silly comic dares in an office of unsuspecting people recorded by hidden cameras. The only other person in on the joke is the managing director, who watches the "office monkeys" perform and then decides which of them wins.

Hidden camera
A hidden camera or spy camera is a camera used to photograph or record subjects, often people, without their knowledge. The camera may be considered "hidden" because it is not visible to the subject being filmed, or is disguised as another object. Hidden cameras are often considered a surveillance tool.

The term "hidden camera" is commonly used when subjects are unaware that they are being recorded, usually lacking their knowledge and consent; the term "spy camera" is generally used when the subject would object to being recorded if they were aware of the camera's presence. In contrast, the phrase "security camera" refers to cameras that are visible and/or are accompanied by a warning notice of their presence, so the subject is aware of the camera's presence and knows they are being filmed.

The use of hidden cameras raises personal privacy issues. There may be legal aspects to consider, depending on the jurisdiction in which they are used.