hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jerry Barrett
Jerry Barrett (1824–21 January 1906) was an English painter of the Victorian era. His most notable work was the Crimean War depiction The Mission of Mercy: Nightingale receiving the wounded at Scutari (1858) which is in the National Portrait Gallery (London), paired with Queen Victoria's First Visit to her Wounded Soldiers.

There is documentation to suggest that Barrett traveled to the Crimea to obtain sketches for his pictures. Queen Victoria's First Visit to Her Wounded Soldiers was exhibited at the Royal Exhibition Gallery in Piccadilly in May, 1856, and engraved by Agnews. It was Thomas Agnew who purchased The Mission of Mercy from the artist in August 1857, and exhibited it at Leggatt and Hayward Gallery in Cornhill in the summer of 1858 at the height of the Indian Mutiny.

Thomas Agnew & Sons
Thomas Agnew & Sons is a fine arts dealer in London that began as a print and publishing partnership between Thomas Agnew and Vittore Zanetti in Manchester in 1817. Agnew ended the partnership by taking full control of the company in 1835.

The firm opened its London gallery in 1860, where it established itself as a leading art dealership in Mayfair. Agnew's held a pre-eminent position in the world of Old Master paintings. It also played a major role in the growth of a market for contemporary British art in the late 19th century.

The firm was owned by several members of the family, until the London gallery closed in 2013. The retiring chairman was from the sixth generation of Agnews in the business.  Agnew's was then sold privately and the re-opened London gallery is now run by Lord Anthony Crichton-Stuart, a former head of Christie's Old Master paintings department, New York.
Douglas Hickox
Douglas Arthur Hickox (10 January 1929 – 25 July 1988) was an English film and television director.

In 1998, the British Independent Film Awards created the Douglas Hickox Award, also named The Douglas Hickox Award (Best Debut Director), in his honor, as an annual award to recognize the best British debut director.

Television director
A television director is in charge of the activities involved in making a television program or section of a program. They are generally responsible for decisions about the editorial content and creative style of a program, and ensuring the producer's vision is delivered. Their duties may include selecting cast members, conduct rehearsals, work with set designers, location scouts and art directors, originating program ideas, finding contributors, writing scripts, planning 'shoots', ensuring safety, leading the crew on location, directing contributors and presenters, and working with editors and music supervisors to assemble and make sure the final product meets the producer and director's vision. The work of a television director can vary widely depending on the nature of the program, the practices of the production company, whether the program content is factual or drama, and whether it is live or recorded.
Lactol
In organic chemistry, a lactol is a functional group which is the cyclic equivalent of a hemiacetal (−CH(OH)O−) or a hemiketal (>C(OH)O−).
The compound is formed by the intramolecular, nucleophilic addition of a hydroxyl group (−OH) to the carbonyl group (C=O) of an aldehyde (−CH=O) or a ketone (>C=O).

A lactol is often found as an equilibrium mixture with the corresponding hydroxyaldehyde. The equilibrium can favor either direction depending on ring size and other conformational effects.

The lactol functional group is prevalent in nature as component of aldose sugars.

Chemical equilibrium
In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which both the reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time, so that there is no observable change in the properties of the system. This state results when the forward reaction proceeds at the same rate as the reverse reaction. The reaction rates of the forward and backward reactions are generally not zero, but they are equal. Thus, there are no net changes in the concentrations of the reactants and products. Such a state is known as dynamic equilibrium.
It is the subject of study of equilibrium chemistry.
Edward A. Lawrence Jr.
Edward A. Lawrence, Jr. (January 16, 1847 – November 10, 1893) was a Protestant pastor and author. He lectured on foreign missions, at Andover, Beloit and New Haven. He was the namesake of Lawrence House Baltimore, a settlement he opened in 1893, months before his death.

Settlement movement
The settlement movement was a reformist social movement that began in the 1880s and peaked around the 1920s in the United Kingdom and the United States. Its main object was the establishment of settlement houses in poor urban areas, in which volunteer middle-class "settlement workers" would live, hoping to share knowledge and culture with, and alleviate the poverty of, their low-income neighbors. The settlement houses provided services such as daycare, English classes, and healthcare to improve the lives of the poor in these areas. The settlement movement also spawned educational/reform movements. Both in the United Kingdom and the United States, settlement workers worked to develop a unique activist form of sociology known as Settlement Sociology. This science of the social movement is neglected in the history of sociology in favor of a teaching-, theory- and research university–based model.
Rita Reys
Rita Reys (born Maria Everdina Reijs; 21 December 1924 – 28 July 2013) was a jazz singer from the Netherlands. She was promoted as "Europe's First Lady of Jazz".

In the 1980s, Rita returned to the American Songbook, recording albums such as Memories of You with the Lex Jasper orchestra. She died in Breukelen, the Netherlands, on 28 July 2013.

Breukelen
Breukelen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbrøːkələ(n)] ⓘ) is a town and former municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht. It is situated to the northwest of Utrecht, along the river Vecht and close to the lakes of the Loosdrechtse Plassen, an area of natural and tourist interest. It is located in an area called the Vechtstreek.
It is the namesake of the borough of Brooklyn in New York City, New York.
Slate and stylus
The slate and stylus are tools used by blind people to write text that they can read without assistance. Invented by Charles Barbier as the tool for writing letters that could be read by touch, the slate and stylus allow for a quick, easy, convenient and constant method of making embossed printing for Braille character encoding.  Prior methods of making raised printing for the blind required a movable type printing press.

Movable type
Movable type (US English; moveable type in British English) is the system and technology of printing and typography that uses movable components to reproduce the elements of a document (usually individual alphanumeric characters or punctuation marks) usually on the medium of paper.
Ignaców, Bełchatów County
Ignaców [iɡˈnat͡suf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zelów, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Zelów, 20 km (12 mi) north-west of Bełchatów, and 40 km (25 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź. It is located in the historic Sieradz Land.

According to the 1921 census, the village had a population of 235, entirely Polish by nationality.

Sieradz Land
Sieradz Land (Polish: ziemia sieradzka; Latin: Terra Siradiae) is a historical region in central Poland, a part of Łęczyca-Sieradz Land (Polish: ziemia łęczycko-sieradzka).

Its traditional capital is Sieradz, while other bigger cities are Piotrków Trybunalski (another historically important locality), Radomsko, Tomaszów Mazowiecki (partly in Łęczyca Land), Bełchatów, Zduńska Wola, and Pabianice (a suburb of Łódź).

Sieradz Land is bordered by Greater Poland in the west, Łęczyca Land in the north-east, Lesser Poland in the south-east and in the south, and Wieluń Land in the south-west. It lies at the Warta, on the left bank of Pilica and on the south-west bank of Ner rivers. It spans an area of 9,700 km2 and has about 950,000 inhabitants.

The Łęczyca Land and Sieradz Land combined roughly correspond with present-day Łódź Voivodeship.
Bloodlines (Star Trek: The Next Generation)
"Bloodlines" the 174th episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation. The 22nd episode of the seventh season. Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet crew of the Federation starship Enterprise-D. Actor Ken Olandt guest stars as Jason Vigo.  Lee Arenberg replaces Frank Corsentino as Bok.

Starfleet
Starfleet is a fictional organization in the Star Trek media franchise. Within this fictional universe, Starfleet is a uniformed space force maintained by the United Federation of Planets (often called "the Federation" in the franchise) as the principal means for conducting deep space exploration, research, defense, peacekeeping, and diplomacy (although Starfleet predates the Federation, having originally been an Earth organization, as shown by the television series Star Trek: Enterprise). While most of Starfleet's members are human and it has been headquartered on Earth, hundreds of other species are also represented. Most of the franchise's protagonists are Starfleet commissioned officers.
Andrew Leamy
Andrew Leamy (1816 in Drom, County Tipperary, Ireland – April 21, 1868 in Hull, Canada) was a pioneer industrialist and community leader in Wright's Town, Lower Canada, which became Hull, Quebec and is now incorporated into the City of Gatineau in the National Capital Region of Canada.

Andrew Leamy was the son of Michael Leamy and Margaret Marshall, who emigrated to Bytown with Andrew, his two brothers James (Bytown Council 1851, Centre Ward) and Michael and his two sisters Catherine and Anne in the  1820-1830 time frame.

Drom, County Tipperary
Drom (Irish: An Drom, meaning 'the ridge') is a village in County Tipperary, Ireland. It is located just off the main Borrisoleigh to Templemore road. Its population was 129 at the 2006 census.

The village, now administered for local government purposes as part of County Tipperary, is one half of the Ecclesiastical parish of "Drom and Inch" which is in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly. The parish also incorporates Barnane. Drom is also a civil parish in the historical barony of Eliogarty.
C. Subramani
C. Subramani, also known as C. S. Mani, is an Indian politician and was a Member of the Legislative Assembly. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) candidate from Tiruvallur constituency in the 1996 election.

In October 2003, four properties connected to Subramani were searched by the Directorate of Vigilance and Anti-Corruption probing allegations that he possessed assets disproportionate to his known income. This formed part of a wider investigation into similar allegations raised by the Government of Tamil Nadu which was by then controlled by Jayalalithaa's All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party. He, his wife and two sons were formally charged in 2005. All charges were dismissed by the courts in 2015 due to lack of evidence.

Thiruvallur Assembly constituency
Tiruvallur is a state assembly constituency in Tiruvallur district in Tamil Nadu. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 4. It consists of portions of Tiruttani and Thiruvallur taluks. It falls under Thiruvallur Lok Sabha constituency. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India. Elections and winners in the constituency are listed below.
Hugo Jarquín
Hugo Jarquín (born 1 June 1966) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). 
In the 2012 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the eighth district of Oaxaca during the 62nd Congress.

LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXII Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 62nd session of the Congress of Mexico, met from September 1, 2012, to August 31, 2015. It consisted of Senators and Deputies in their respective chambers. All members of both the lower and upper houses of the Congress were elected in the elections of July 2012.

Senators were elected for a six-year term during the 2012 elections, allowing them to serve in both the LXII and subsequent legislatures. Deputies, also elected in the 2012 elections, served exclusively during the LXII Legislature.

The composition of the LXII Legislature was as follows:
1960 South African republic referendum
A referendum on becoming a republic was held in South Africa on 5 October 1960. The Afrikaner-dominated right-wing National Party, which had come to power in 1948, was avowedly republican and regarded the position of Queen Elizabeth II as the South African monarch as a relic of British imperialism. The National Party government subsequently organised the referendum on whether the then Union of South Africa should become a republic. The vote, which was restricted to whites—the first such national election in the union—was narrowly approved by 52.29% of the voters. The Republic of South Africa was constituted on 31 May 1961.

Cape Qualified Franchise
The Cape Qualified Franchise was the system of multi-racial franchise that was adhered to in the Cape Colony, and in the Cape Province in the early years of the Union of South Africa. Qualifications for the right to vote at parliamentary elections were applied equally to all men, regardless of race.

This local system of multi-racial suffrage was later gradually restricted, and eventually abolished, under various National Party and United Party governments. In 1930 white women were enfranchised, and in 1931 property qualifications for white voters were removed. In 1936 black voters were then removed from the common voters' rolls and allowed only to elect separate members in 1936, and subsequently denied all representation in the House of Assembly in 1960. Coloured voters similarly followed in 1958 and 1970, respectively.
Waal, South Holland
Waal is a hamlet in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Molenlanden, and lies about 13 km north of Gorinchem on the southside of the Lek River.

The statistical area "Waal", which also can include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 110.

South Holland
South Holland (Dutch: Zuid-Holland [ˌzœyt ˈɦɔlɑnt] ⓘ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.8 million as of January 2023 and a population density of about 1,410/km2 (3,700/sq mi), making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. Situated on the North Sea in the west of the Netherlands, South Holland covers an area of 3,308 km2 (1,277 sq mi), of which 609 km2 (235 sq mi) is water. It borders North Holland to the north, Utrecht and Gelderland to the east, and North Brabant and Zeeland to the south. The provincial capital is the Dutch seat of government The Hague, while its largest city is Rotterdam. The Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta drains through South Holland into the North Sea. Europe's busiest seaport, the Port of Rotterdam, is located in South Holland.
Comox Valley Glacier Kings
The Comox Valley Glacier Kings (nicknamed the Yetis) are a junior ice hockey team based in Courtenay, British Columbia, Canada. They are members of the North Division of the Vancouver Island Junior Hockey League (VIJHL). The Glacier Kings play their home games at Comox Valley Sports Centre, which has a capacity of 1,400. David Webb is the team's president. Curtis Toneff is the coach and General Manager, and they are captained by forward Logan Furlong 2023-24. The Glacier Kings were the hosts of the 2013 Cyclone Taylor Cup.

Vancouver Island Junior Hockey League
The Vancouver Island Junior Hockey League (VIJHL) is a junior ice hockey league of 11 clubs on Vancouver Island. The Brent Patterson Memorial Trophy is awarded annually to the league playoff champion at the end of each season. In 2024, the league decided to withdraw from the Hockey Canada framework and operate as an independent farm league for the BCHL.
William Kvist
William Vitved Kvist (né Kvist Jørgensen; born 24 February 1985) is a Danish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Danish club Copenhagen as well as for the Denmark national team.

He played 43 matches and scored four goals for various national youth teams, and was an important player to the senior team.

Kjøbenhavns Boldklub
Kjøbenhavns Boldklub (known simply as KB) is a Danish professional multi-sports club based in Copenhagen. The club was founded on 26 April 1876 on the grassy fields in outer Copenhagen which later became Fælledparken. 
Tennis has been played since 1883. The club hosted, in 1921, one of the early tennis majors: the World Covered Court Championships, won by William Laurentz that year. Today, along with the sports already mentioned, the club also has facilities for badminton, swimming and pétanque.

Football and cricket has been played in KB since 1879, meaning that KB's football team was the first club on continental Europe and it went on to become one of the most successful club in Denmark, winning 15 Danish championship titles from 1913 to 1980. In 1991, KB and B 1903 merged their professional football teams and formed F.C. Copenhagen.
1995–96 Big East Conference men's basketball season
The 1995–96 Big East Conference men's basketball season was the 17th in conference history, and involved its 13 full-time member schools.

Connecticut was the regular-season champion of the Big East 6 Division with a record of 17–1, and Georgetown won the regular-season Big East 7 Division championship with a record of 13–5. Connecticut won the Big East tournament championship.

Seeding (sports)
In sport, seeding is the practice of separating the most skilled competitors from each other in the early rounds of a tournament. Players or teams are "planted" into the bracket in such a manner that the best do not meet until later in the competition, usually based on ranking from the regular season. The term was first used in tennis, and is based on the notion of scattering the top players' names across the bracket in the way that a farmer scatters seeds.

Sometimes the remaining competitors in a single-elimination tournament will be "re-seeded" so that the highest surviving seed is made to play the lowest surviving seed in the next round, the second-highest plays the second-lowest, etc.  This may be done after each round, or only at selected intervals.
Independent Companies, New Mexico Volunteer Cavalry
Independent Companies, New Mexico Volunteer Cavalry were volunteer cavalry companies in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Among these Volunteer Companies, named for their captains, were:

Mink's Independent Cavalry Company (1861)

Graydon's Independent Cavalry Company (1862)

Graydon's Independent Cavalry Company - Reorganized (1862)

Haspell's Independent Cavalry Company (1861)

Vidal's Independent Cavalry Company (1861)

United States Volunteers
United States Volunteers (also called U.S. Volunteers, U.S. Volunteer Army, among other variations) were military volunteers called upon during wartime to help the United States Army. They were separate from the Regular Army and the militia.

Until the Militia Act of 1903, the land forces of the United States were divided into three organizations:

The Regular Army, which was the permanent military establishment of the United States in peace and war.

The militia of states and territories, when called into the service of the United States.

Volunteer forces that the Congress of the United States authorized to be organized for a limited time period as an adjunct to the Regular Army in time of emergencies.
Ballyhahill
Ballyhahill (Irish: Baile Dhá Thuile or Baile Uí Sháithil) is a village and townland in County Limerick, Ireland. As of the 2016 census, the village had a population of 146 people. It is 40 km west of Limerick city. The White River flows to the east of the village.

2016 census of Ireland
The 2016 census of Ireland was held Sunday, 24th April 2016. It was organised by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) and reported a total population of 4,761,865, or a 3.8% increase since the prior 2011 census. This was the lowest recorded population growth rate since the 1991 census, with the decline in population growth rates attributed to both lower birth rates and lower net migration. The census results were released gradually between April and December 2017 in a series of reports organised either as summaries or in-depth results of specific themes, like age, ethnicity, or religion.

The following census took place in April 2022, having been delayed for one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Composite overwrapped pressure vessel
A composite overwrapped pressure vessel (COPV) is a vessel consisting of a thin, non-structural liner wrapped with a structural fiber composite, designed to hold a fluid under pressure. The liner provides a barrier between the fluid and the composite, preventing leaks (which can occur through matrix microcracks which do not cause structural failure) and chemical degradation of the structure. In general, a protective shell is applied for shielding against impact damage. The most commonly used composites are fiber reinforced polymers (FRP), using carbon and kevlar fibers. The primary advantage of a COPV as compared to a similar sized metallic pressure vessel is lower weight; COPVs, however, carry an increased cost of manufacturing and certification.

Kevlar
Kevlar (para-aramid) is a strong, heat-resistant synthetic fiber, related to other aramids such as Nomex and Technora. Developed by Stephanie Kwolek at DuPont in 1965, the high-strength material was first used commercially in the early 1970s as a replacement for steel in racing tires. It is typically spun into ropes or fabric sheets that can be used as such, or as an ingredient in composite material components.

Kevlar has many applications, ranging from bicycle tires and racing sails to bulletproof vests, due to its high tensile strength-to-weight ratio; by this measure it is five times stronger than steel. It is also used to make modern marching drumheads that withstand high impact, and for mooring lines and other underwater applications.

A similar fiber, Twaron, with the same chemical structure was developed by Akzo in the 1970s. Commercial production started in 1986, and Twaron is manufactured by Teijin Aramid.
János Wenk
János Wenk (24 April 1894 -  17 October 1962) was a Hungarian water polo player and backstroke swimmer who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics and in the 1924 Summer Olympics.

Born in Csaca, he was part of the Hungarian water polo team, which competed in the 1912 tournament and, twelve years later, in the 1924 tournament. At the 1928 tournament, he was a reserve player and did not compete in a match.

In 1912, he also competed in the 100 metre backstroke event, but he was eliminated in the first round.

He died in Budapest.

Water polo at the 1912 Summer Olympics
The 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm saw the fourth water polo tournament at Olympics. All games took place in the newly built swimming stadium in Djurgårdsbrunnsviken from 7 to 16 July 1912. All medals were decided by using the Bergvall system.
Paul Hisao Yasuda
Paul Hisao Yasuda (Japanese: パウロ 安田 久雄, Hepburn: Pauro Yasuda Hisao, December 20, 1921 – April 23, 2016) was a Japanese prelate of the Roman Catholic Church.

Yasuda was born in Kurume, south western Japan, and was ordained a priest on May 21, 1955. He was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Osaka on February 5, 1970 as well as titular bishop of Tucci and was consecrated bishop on March 21, 1970. Yasuda was appointed archbishop of the Archdiocese of Osaka on November 15, 1978, where he served until his retirement on May 10, 1997. He died in April 2016 at the age of 94.

Kurume
Kurume (久留米市, Kurume-shi) is a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 February 2024, the city had an estimated population of 295,367 in 137,140 households, and a  population density of 1309 people per km². The total area of the city is 229.96 km2 (88.79 sq mi).