hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mini-Hollands
The Mini-Hollands scheme was introduced in March 2014 by Boris Johnson, then Mayor of London. It took the form of a competition among outer London boroughs for a £100-million fund. Three boroughs – Waltham Forest, Enfield and Kingston – won £30 million each, and the remaining £10 million was shared by several other boroughs.

The scheme supported the boroughs to build Dutch-style cycling infrastructure such as traffic calming, segregated bike lanes, safety measures at junctions and blocking residential streets to car traffic. It aimed to encourage modal shift from car to bike for short journeys.

Bike lane
Bike lanes (US) or cycle lanes (UK) are types of bikeways (cycleways) with lanes on the roadway for cyclists only. In the United Kingdom, an on-road cycle-lane can be firmly restricted to cycles (marked with a solid white line, entry by motor vehicles is prohibited) or advisory (marked with a broken white line, entry by motor vehicles is permitted). In the United States, a designated bicycle lane (1988 MUTCD) or class II bikeway (Caltrans) is always marked by a solid white stripe on the pavement and is for 'preferential use' by bicyclists. There is also a class III bicycle route, which has roadside signs suggesting a route for cyclists, and urging sharing the road. A class IV separated bike way (Caltrans) is a bike lane that is physically separate from motor traffic and restricted to bicyclists only.

Research shows that separated bike lanes improve the safety of bicyclists, and either have positive or non-significant economic effects on nearby businesses.
Q'illu Suchusqa
Q'illu Suchusqa (Quechua q'illu yellow, suchuy slide, -sqa a suffix, "slidden yellow", also spelled Khellu Suchuskha) is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes which reaches a height of approximately 4,480 m (14,700 ft). It is located in the Cochabamba Department, Quillacollo Province, Quillacollo Municipality. Q'illu Suchusqa lies southwest of Wila Qullu Punta.

Cochabamba Department
Cochabamba (Aymara: Quchapampa Jach'a Suyu, Spanish: Departamento de Cochabamba pronounced [kotʃaˈβamba] ⓘ, Quechua: Quchapampa Suyu), from Quechua qucha or qhucha, meaning "lake", pampa meaning "plain", is one of the nine departments of Bolivia. It is known to be the breadbasket of the country because of its variety of agricultural products from its geographical position. It has an area of 55,631 km2. Its population in the 2024 census was 2,005,373. Its capital is the city of Cochabamba, known as the "City of Eternal Spring" and "The Garden City" because of its spring-like temperatures all year.
Nitria (monastic site)
Nitria (also called the Mountain of Nitria or Petoou Mpihosm in Greek and Latin sources) is one of the earliest Christian monastic sites in Egypt and is located in the Nitrian Desert. It was the first of the three major centers of Christian monastic activity in the Lower Egypt, the other two being Kellia and Scetis.

Lower Egypt
Lower Egypt (Arabic: مصر السفلى Miṣr as-Suflā) is the northernmost region of Egypt, which consists of the fertile Nile Delta between Upper Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile River split into seven branches of the delta in Lower Egypt. Lower Egypt was divided into nomes and began to advance as a civilization after 3600 BC. Today, it contains two major channels that flow through the delta of the Nile River – Mahmoudiyah Canal (ancient Agathos Daimon) and Muways Canal (Arabic: بحر موَيس, "waterway of Moses").
Irene George
Irena George (born 10 November 1983) is a former Solomon Islands female tennis player.

Playing for Pacific Oceania in Fed Cup, George has a W/L record of 4–2.

George retirement from professional tennis 2010.

Pacific Oceania Billie Jean King Cup team
The Pacific Oceania Fed Cup team represents the island nations of Oceania in Fed Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Oceania Tennis Federation. In 2015 they took part in Fed Cup competition for the first time in ten years.
Kake Seaplane Base
Kake Seaplane Base (IATA: KAE, FAA LID: KAE) is a public-use seaplane base located in Kake, a city in the Petersburg Borough of the U.S. state of Alaska. Scheduled airline passenger service is subsidized by the U.S. Department of Transportation via the Essential Air Service program.

This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2015–2019, which categorized it as a general aviation airport based on 1,598 enplanements in 2012 (the commercial service category requires at least 2,500 enplanements per year). As per Federal Aviation Administration records, it had 1,564 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, 1,255 enplanements in 2009, and 1,440 in 2010.

United States Department of Transportation
The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT or DOT) is one of the executive departments of the U.S. federal government. It is headed by the secretary of transportation, who reports directly to the president of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet.

The department's fiscal year 2022–2026 strategic plan states that its mission is "to deliver the world's leading transportation system, serving the American people and economy through the safe, efficient, sustainable, and equitable movement of people and goods."
Schnass
Schnass or Schnaas is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Schnaas (born 1968), German horror film actor and director

Karin Schnass (born 1980), Austrian mathematician and computer scientist

Jörg Schnass, actor in 1996 US-French film The Proprietor

Andreas Schnaas
Andreas Schnaas (born 1 April 1968) is a German director and actor working exclusively in the horror genre. Since he first appeared on the film scene in 1989, he has become a leader in Germany's ultra-violent low-budget horror film industry. He was the one of the first in a series of maverick directors making underground movies who began a sustained revival of German horror cinema post World War II.
30th Dáil
The 30th Dáil was elected at the 2007 general election on 24 May 2007 and met on 14 June 2007. The members of Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas (legislature) of Ireland, are known as TDs. It sat with the 23rd Seanad as the two Houses of the Oireachtas.

The 30th Dáil lasted 3 years, 232 days, and saw a change of Taoiseach from Bertie Ahern to Brian Cowen. The 30th Dáil was dissolved by President Mary McAleese on 1 February 2011, at the request of the Taoiseach Brian Cowen.

Oireachtas
The Oireachtas (/ˈɛrəktəs/ EH-rək-təs; Irish: [ˈɛɾʲaxt̪ˠəsˠ]), sometimes referred to as Oireachtas Éireann, is the bicameral parliament of Ireland. The Oireachtas consists of the president of Ireland and the two houses of the Oireachtas (Irish: Tithe an Oireachtais): a lower house called Dáil Éireann and an upper house called Seanad Éireann.

The houses of the Oireachtas sit in Leinster House in Dublin, an eighteenth-century ducal palace. The directly elected Dáil is the more powerful of the houses of the Oireachtas.
Field hockey at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's field hockey tournament at the 1992 Summer Olympics was the 4th edition of the field hockey event for women at the Summer Olympic Games. It was held over a twelve-day period beginning on 27 July, and culminating with the medal finals on 7 August. All games were played at the Estadi Olímpic de Terrassa in Terrassa, Spain, located 30 kilometers from Barcelona.

Spain won the gold medal for the first time after defeating Germany 2–1 in the final with a golden goal. Great Britain won the bronze medal by defeating South Korea 4–3.

Great Britain at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Great Britain, represented by the British Olympic Association (BOA), competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. British athletes have competed in every Summer Olympic Games. A total of 371 athletes represented Great Britain and the team won twenty medals, five gold, three silver and twelve bronze. This equalled the number of golds won at the previous three Summer Games but was the lowest total medals achieved since the Montreal Games in 1976. Archer Simon Terry and hurdlers Sally Gunnell and Kriss Akabusi each won two medals.
Edna Bay, Alaska
Edna Bay is a city on Kosciusko Island in the unorganized borough, and for census purposes in the Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The community was officially incorporated on October 13, 2014, and has a population of 51 permanent residents and 12 part-time residents as of January 2024.

Edna Bay is the only populated town on Kosciusko Island, and has both year-round and part-time residents.  Year-round residents are either retired or work primarily in the fishing and logging industries.  Some permanent residents also work seasonally off-island in various industries.  Due to the very remote location of Edna Bay and the subsequent difficulty and expense of traveling between Edna Bay and larger Southeast Alaska communities, subsistence hunting, fishing, and gathering comprise a large portion of the livelihood activities for residents of Edna Bay.

Southeast Alaska
57°34′48″N 135°29′14″W﻿ / ﻿57.58000°N 135.48722°W﻿ / 57.58000; -135.48722

Southeast Alaska, often abbreviated to southeast or southeastern, and sometimes called the Alaska(n) panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east and north by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia (and a small part of Yukon). The majority of southeast Alaska is situated in Tlingit Aaní, much of which is part of the Tongass National Forest, the United States' largest national forest. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains (see Alaska boundary dispute). The region is noted for its scenery and mild, rainy climate.

The largest cities in the region are Juneau, Sitka, and Ketchikan. This region is also home to Hyder, the easternmost town in Alaska.
Bergenfield High School
Bergenfield High School is a four-year, comprehensive public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from Bergenfield, in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Bergenfield Public Schools. Bergenfield High School is accredited by the New Jersey Department of Education until July 2028 and has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools since 1945.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,239 students and 105.4 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.8:1. There were 362 students (29.2% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 126 (10.2% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

The school's CEEB code is 310090.

Ninth grade
Ninth grade (also 9th or Grade 9) is the ninth year of formal or compulsory education in some countries. It is generally part of high school or secondary school depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.
Mount Barsoum
Mount Barsoum (82°4′S 88°7′W﻿ / ﻿82.067°S 88.117°W﻿ / -82.067; -88.117) is a pointed and partly snow-free peak on the west end of Martin Hills. It was positioned by the U.S. Ellsworth-Byrd Traverse Party on December 10, 1958, and was named for Lieutenant Adib H. Barsoum, U.S. Navy, Medical Officer at Ellsworth Station in 1958.

Ellsworth Station
Ellsworth Scientific Station (Spanish: Estación Científica Ellsworth, or simply Estación Ellsworth or Base Ellsworth) was a permanent, all year-round originally American, then Argentine Antarctic scientific research station named after American polar explorer Lincoln Ellsworth. It was located on Gould Bay, on the Filchner Ice Shelf.

It was shut down in 1962 over safety concerns due to it being built on increasingly unstable ice, which produced fast deterioration of its superstructures and endangered both personnel and equipment.
Gyland
Gyland is a village in the municipality of Flekkefjord in Agder county in Norway. It is located in the northeastern part of Flekkefjord along the river Gylandselva, just a short distance north of the lake Kumlevollvatnet. The Sørlandet Line runs just south of the village, stopping at Gyland Station. The local village church, Gyland Church, was located in the village until 1929 when it was moved about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the southwest. Now a small chapel is located in Gyland where the old church was once standing.

Sørlandet Line
The Sørlandet Line (Norwegian: Sørlandsbanen) is a railway line between Drammen (though this is connected to Oslo by means of the Drammen Line) via Kristiansand to Stavanger. The line is 545 kilometers (339 mi) long between Oslo and Stavanger.
Winagami Lake
Winagami Lake (/wɪˈnɑːɡəmi/) is a large and shallow lake in northern Alberta, Canada. It is in Big Lakes County and Municipal District of Smoky River No. 130, northeast of the junction of Highway 2 and Highway 679. It lies in the hydrographic basin of the Athabasca River.

The name comes from a Cree phrase meaning "dirty-water lake": ᐃᐧᓇᑲᒣᐤ  ᓵᑳᐦᐃᑲᐣ (winakamew sâkâhikan).

The lake contains lake whitefish, yellow perch, northern pike and walleye.

The lake is controlled by means of a weir, and has a mean depth of 1.7 metres (5.6 ft), with a maximum depth of 4.7 metres (15 ft).

Winagami Lake Provincial Park is on the western, southern and eastern shores of the lake.

Northern Alberta
Northern Alberta is a geographic region located in the Canadian province of Alberta.

An informally defined cultural region, the boundaries of Northern Alberta are not fixed. Under some schemes, the region encompasses everything north of the centre of the Calgary–Edmonton Corridor, including most of the province's landmass as well as its capital, Edmonton. Other schemes place Edmonton and its surrounding farmland in Central Alberta, limiting Northern Alberta to the northern half of the province, where forestry, oil, and gas are the dominant industries.

Its primary industry is oil and gas, with large heavy oil reserves being exploited at the Athabasca oil sands and Wabasca area in the east of the region. Natural gas is extracted in Peace region and Chinchaga-Rainbow areas in the west, and forestry and logging are also developed in the boreal forests of this region. As of 2023, the region had a population of approximately 374,572.
Linda Norman (nurse)
Linda Norman is an American nurse and academic administrator.

Norman completed bachelor's and master's degrees in nursing at the University of Virginia, followed by a doctor of nursing science at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Prior to succeeding Colleen Conway-Welch as dean of the Vanderbilt University School of Nursing in 2013, she had spent 22 years at Vanderbilt University, where she taught as Valere Potter Menefee Professor of Nursing. In 2021, she stepped down as dean of Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, and on July 1, 2021, was named Dean Emerita, Vanderbilt University School of Nursing.

Vanderbilt University School of Nursing
Vanderbilt University School of Nursing (VUSN) is a graduate school of Vanderbilt University, located in Nashville, Tennessee. VUSN is closely connected with its parent university and the separate nonprofit Vanderbilt University Medical Center. The School of Nursing is ranked in the top 10 in the U.S. News & World Report rankings. Additionally, its Masters of Science program is ranked 8th, and its Doctorate of Nursing practice program 6th in the report's 2022 graduate school rankings.
Renu Sud Karnad
Renu Sud Karnad is an Indian businesswoman and the managing director of India's largest Mortgage Financier Housing Development Finance Corp. Ltd. Additionally she also holds seven other positions for companies like HDFC Property Ventures Ltd., HDFC Education & Development Services Pvt Ltd. (both are subsidiaries of HDFC Ltd.) and Non-Executive Chairman at GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd. She is also the Vice Chairman-Governing Council at Indraprastha Cancer Society and Research Centre and part of the board of 17 other companies.

Housing Development Finance Corporation
Housing Development Finance Corporation (HDFC) was an Indian private-sector mortgage lender based in Mumbai. It was widely recognised as the largest housing finance company in India. In addition to its core mortgage lending operations, HDFC had diversified interests through its associate and subsidiary companies, including banking, life and general insurance, asset management, venture capital, and deposit services.

In July 2023, HDFC merged with HDFC Bank, India’s largest private-sector bank. The merger aimed to broaden the group's financial offerings and enhance customer access by leveraging the bank's extensive network and diverse portfolio. This strategic consolidation marked a significant milestone in India's financial services landscape.
Robin Ammerlaan
Robin Ammerlaan (born 26 February 1968 in The Hague) is a Dutch former professional wheelchair tennis player. A former world No. 1 in both singles and doubles, Ammerlaan is a 14-time major champion and two-time Paralympic gold medalist. The right-handed player's favourite surface is carpet, and he was coached by Gert Bolk. His wheelchair is manufactured by Invacare. Ammerlaan ended his professional career after the 2012 London Paralympics.

Wheelchair tennis
Wheelchair tennis is one of the forms of tennis adapted for wheelchair users. The size of the court, net height and rackets are the same, but there are two major differences from pedestrian tennis: athletes use specially designed wheelchairs, and the ball may bounce up to two times, where the second bounce may also occur outside the court.

Wheelchair tennis has been played at all four Grand Slams since 2007 and is one of the sports played at the Summer Paralympics. There are three categories: Men, Women, and Quads; each category has singles and doubles tournaments. The Quad, the newest division, is for players who have substantial loss of function in at least one upper limb, but may include various disabilities besides quadriplegia. The division is sometimes called Mixed, especially at the Paralympic Games. Quad players often tape the rackets to their hand, to compensate for loss of function, and some players are allowed to use electric-powered wheelchairs.
From Border to Border
From Border to Border is a research study by Kameel Ahmady, a British Iranian anthropologist and social researcher, and his colleagues to examine the challenges and opportunities of ethnic and local identities in Iran and the interaction of the political system with various ethnic groups and local identities between 2019 and 2021 in 13 provinces of Iran. The results of this research were published in a book with the same title by Mehri Publishing House in London in 2021. The book was later reprinted by Avaye Buf publishing house in Denmark. The book has been published in Persian, English and Kurdish.

Iranians in the United Kingdom
Iranians in the United Kingdom consist of people of Iranian nationality who have settled in the United Kingdom, as well as British residents and citizens of Iranian heritage. Iranians in the United Kingdom are referred to by hyphenated terms such as British-Iranians, British-Persians, Iranian-Britons, or Persian-Britons.

As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the British-Iranian population was approximately 114,432 people. The vast majority of British-Iranians arrived after the Islamic Revolution of 1979, with an estimated 8,000 Iranian asylum seekers arriving in the United Kingdom in the following five years. Due to intensifying religious and political persecution, particularly of Iranian Christians, the numbers of Iranian asylum seekers arriving at UK soil has significantly risen in the last decade.
James Fraser Forbes
James Fraser Forbes (1820 – 18 May 1887) was a Canadian politician and a member of the House of Commons of Canada for the riding of Queens in Nova Scotia.

He was born in Gibraltar in 1820, the son of Anthony V.S. Forbes. He worked as a physician and as a surgeon, also serving as surgeon to the local militia, coroner for Queen's County and Health Officer for Liverpool. Forbes married Sarah Jane Jacobs. He was elected to the 1st Canadian Parliament as a member of the Anti-Confederation Party. He became a Liberal on January 30, 1869, and was re-elected to the 2nd and 3rd Canadian Parliaments. He was defeated in 1878, but he was re-elected in 1882. In 1874, he was elected president of the Bank of Liverpool.

Forbes died in Lunenburg in 1887.

His son Francis Gordon was also a member of the House of Commons. His daughter was a nursing sister who served with the Canadian contingent during the Boer War.

1st Canadian Parliament
The 1st Canadian Parliament was summoned in November 1867, following the election of the members of the House of Commons in the 1867 federal election. It lasted until dissolution in 1872, prior to the 1872 election (four years and 252 days). It met in five different sessions from 1867 to 1872, and was prorogued between the sessions.

The House of Commons was controlled by a majority coalition between the Conservative Party and the Liberal-Conservative Party under Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and the 1st Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, but there was not yet a Leader of the Official Opposition during the 1st Parliament.

James Cockburn, M.P., was the Speaker of the House of Commons for the term of the Parliament. Senator Joseph-Édouard Cauchon was the Speaker of the Senate for the term of the Parliament.
Charles Brent
Charles Henry Brent (April 9, 1862 – March 27, 1929) was the Episcopal Church's first Missionary Bishop of the Philippine Islands (1902–1918); Chaplain General of the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I (1917–1918); and Bishop of the Episcopal Church's Diocese of Western New York (1918–1929). The historian and Episcopal minister Frederick Ward Kates characterised him as a "gallant, daring, and consecrated soldier and servant of Christ" who was "one of modern Christendom's foremost leaders, prophets, and seers."

Brent's suggestion led to the founding of the International Opium Commission in 1909 and the subsequent First International Opium Conference in 1912, which adopted the International Opium Convention – "the world's first international drug control treaty".

Missionary bishop
A missionary bishop is one assigned in the Anglican Communion to an area that is not already organized under a bishop of a church. The term was also used in the Methodist churches at one time, but this was discontinued in 1964.
Udo Zimmermann
Udo Zimmermann (6 October 1943 – 22 October 2021) was a German composer, musicologist, opera director, and conductor. He worked as a professor of composition, founded a centre for contemporary music in Dresden, and was director of the Leipzig Opera and the Deutsche Oper Berlin. He directed a contemporary music series for the Bayerischer Rundfunk and a European centre of the arts in Hellerau. His operas, especially Weiße Rose, on a topic he set to music twice, have been performed internationally, and recorded.

Staatskapelle Dresden
The Sächsische Staatskapelle Dresden (German pronunciation: [ˈzɛksɪʃə ˈʃtaːtskaˌpɛlə ˈdʁeːsdn̩]), or Saxon State Orchestra Dresden, is one of the oldest orchestras in the world, created by order of Maurice, Elector of Saxony in 1548. Under communist East Germany and until 1992 it was called Staatskapelle Dresden; an earlier name was Kurfürstlich-Sächsische und Königlich-Polnische Kapelle, or Electoral Saxon and Royal Polish Orchestra. It is a constituent body of the Semper Opera House, along with two choruses and a ballet troupe, where it plays in the pit for opera and on a platform for its own concert series.