hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Koro Bessho
Koro Bessho (別所 浩郎, Bessho Kōrō, born 5 February 1953) is a Japanese diplomat who has served as Grand Chamberlain to the Emperor since 2021. He previously served as Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 2016 to 2019, and as President of the United Nations Security Council in July 2016 and December 2017.

Presidency of the United Nations Security Council
The presidency of the United Nations Security Council is responsible for leading the United Nations Security Council. It rotates among the fifteen member-states of the council monthly. The head of the country's delegation is known as the president of the United Nations Security Council. The presidency has rotated every month since its establishment in 1946, and the president serves to coordinate actions of the council, decide policy disputes, and sometimes functions as a diplomat or intermediary between conflicting groups.
Breather switch
A breather switch, expansion joint, or adjustment switch is an intentional gap in railway tracks to allow for thermal expansion in long sections of otherwise unbroken rail. They are placed between very long sections of continuous welded rail or at the transition from continuous welded rail to jointed track, and commonly in the vicinity of bridges, viaducts and tunnels where the infrastructure and track may expand at different rates.

The mating sections are tapered diagonally (unlike a butt joint between two lengths of rail), allowing smoother transitions and higher speeds across the gap.

Breather switches have two advantages over jointed track: they greatly reduce the small gap between the rails, eliminating or significantly reducing the noise and vibration caused by passing trains, and, where continuous welded rail is particularly prone to expansion, they act as relief points to ensure that track does not warp out of shape or result in a sun kink.

Viaduct
A viaduct is a bridge that consists of a series of arches, piers or columns supporting a long elevated railway or road. Typically a viaduct connects two points of roughly equal elevation, allowing direct overpass across a wide valley, road, river, or other low-lying terrain features and obstacles. The term viaduct is derived from the Latin via meaning "road", and ducere meaning "to lead". It is a 19th-century derivation from an analogy with ancient Roman aqueducts. Like the Roman aqueducts, many early viaducts comprised a series of arches of roughly equal length.
Catherine O. Ringen
Catherine Ringen is an American phonologist and professor emerita of linguistics at the University of Iowa. She is best known for her research on vowel harmony, especially in Finno-Ugric languages, and on laryngeal contrasts in obstruents, in particular in Germanic languages.

Ringen earned her Ph.D. in Linguistics from Indiana University Bloomington in 1975, with a dissertation entitled "Vowel Harmony: Theoretical Implications." After her PhD she took up a position at the University of Iowa Linguistics Department, where she stayed until her retirement in 2015.

Ringen was co-editor of the Nordic Journal of Linguistics from 2001–2015. She served on the Executive Committee of the Linguistic Society of America from 2008–2010. She was a member of the scientific committee of the Manchester Phonology Meeting from 2004 to 2014.

Finno-Ugric languages
Finno-Ugric (/ˌfɪnoʊˈjuːɡrɪk, -ˈuː-/) is a traditional linguistic grouping of all languages in the Uralic language family except for the Samoyedic languages. Its once commonly accepted status as a subfamily of Uralic is based on criteria formulated in the 19th century and is criticized by contemporary linguists such as Tapani Salminen and Ante Aikio. The three most spoken Uralic languages, Hungarian, Finnish, and Estonian, are all included in Finno-Ugric.

The term Finno-Ugric, which originally referred to the entire family, is occasionally used as a synonym for the term Uralic, which includes the Samoyedic languages, as commonly happens when a language family is expanded with further discoveries. Before the 20th century, the language family might be referred to as Finnish, Ugric, Finno-Hungarian or with a variety of other names. The name Finno-Ugric came into general use in the late 19th or early 20th century.
Pocho volcanic field
31°50′S 65°20′W﻿ / ﻿31.833°S 65.333°W﻿ / -31.833; -65.333

Pocho volcanic field is a volcanic field in Argentina. It is associated with a crustal lineament known as the Ojo de Agua Lineament.

It is located in the Sierras de Cordoba mountain chain. It formed during the late Miocene, when a progressive shallowing of the subducting Nazca Plate caused volcanic activity to retreat 500 kilometres (310 mi) from the main Andes into the land behind the mountain chain. This did result in a typical shallow slab chemistry of the Pocho rocks. Volcanic activity at Pocho is dated about 4.7 +- 0.3 million years ago and took place over two cycles. Seismic activity in the area may indicate the presence of a residual magma chamber however, which would also explain anomalous crustal seismic velocities in the area.

Crust (geology)
In geology, the crust is the outermost solid shell of a planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite. It is usually distinguished from the underlying mantle by its chemical makeup; however, in the case of icy satellites, it may be defined based on its phase (solid crust vs. liquid mantle).

The crusts of Earth, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Io, the Moon and other planetary bodies formed via igneous processes and were later modified by erosion, impact cratering, volcanism, and sedimentation.

Most terrestrial planets have fairly uniform crusts. Earth, however, has two distinct types: continental crust and oceanic crust. These two types have different chemical compositions and physical properties and were formed by different geological processes.
Hovenden
Hovenden is a Dutch surname. Following English immigration there in the sixteenth century it also became more common in Ireland. Notable people with this surname include the following:

Giles Hovenden, an Anglo-Irish figure who established the Hovenden family in Ireland

Henry Hovenden, Giles' son, Anglo-Irish secretary and advisor to the Earl of Tyrone

Helen Corson Hovenden (1846–1935), American painter

Robert Hovenden (died 1614), English academic administrator at the University of Oxford

Robert Hovenden (Ireland), a seventeenth century Irish landowner who took part in the Irish Rebellion of 1641

Roger Hovenden (fl.1174–1201), English chronicler

Thomas Hovenden (1840–1895), Irish-American artist and teacher

Hovenden, like all Dutch surnames, can also be used as a given name:

Hovenden Hely (1823–1872), Australian explorer and politician

Sir Hovenden Walker (1656/66–1725/28), British naval officer

Henry Hovenden
Henry Hovenden (died 24 September 1610) was an Anglo-Irish secretary and lawyer. He was foster-brother and chief advisor to Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone during the Irish Nine Years' War.

Historian John Marshall described Hovenden as O'Neill's "captain, councillor, and confidant". He was commonly known as Harry.
Mikhail Yuryev
Mikhail Zinovyevich Yuryev (Russian: Михаил Зиновьевич Юрьев; 10 April 1959 – 15 February 2019) was a Russian politician who served as a member of the State Duma between 1996 and 1999.

Yuryev came from a Jewish family. His father Zinovy Yuryev was a science fiction writer, and his mother Yelena Korenevskaya was a journalist. After graduating from the MSU Faculty of Biology Mikhail Yuryev worked at the Institute of Molecular Genetics. In 1995-1999 he was a deputy of the 2nd State Duma, a member of the Yabloko faction. Yuryev was one of the Deputy Chairmen of the State Duma under Gennady Seleznyov's chairmanship. Yuryev was an advocate of isolationism.

In 2014, Yuryev announced that he had ceased his business activities in Russia. In 2018 Yuryev founded the American Ethane Company together with Alexander Voloshin, former Kremlin Chief of Staff. In his late years Yuryev hosted several political talk shows on RSN and Komsomolskaya Pravda stations.

Komsomolskaya Pravda
Komsomolskaya Pravda (Russian: Комсомольская правда; lit. 'Komsomol Truth') is a daily Russian tabloid newspaper that was founded in 1925. Its name is in reference to the official Soviet newspaper Pravda (English: 'Truth').
Perrin-Whitt Consolidated Independent School District
Perrin-Whitt Consolidated Independent School District is a public school district based in the community of Perrin, Texas (USA). The district emerged from the combination of Perrin (est. 1914) and Whitt school districts in the 1960s.

In addition to Perrin, the district also serves the community of Whitt in northwestern Parker County.

In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency.

The district changed to a four-day school week in fall 2022.

Parker County, Texas
Parker County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 148,222. The county seat is Weatherford. The county was created in 1855 and organized the following year. It is named for Isaac Parker, a state legislator who introduced the bill that established the county in 1855. Parker later fought in the Texas Brigade.

Parker County is included in the Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington metropolitan statistical area.
Dm-Arena
Dm-Arena is a multi-purpose hall in Rheinstetten near Karlsruhe, Germany. The indoor arena is one of four exhibition halls of the Karlsruhe Trade Fair Centre (Messe Karlsruhe). It opened in 2003 and holds 14,000 people. It hosts mainly trade shows and indoor sporting events like the Indoor Meeting Karlsruhe. While the Karlsruhe Trade Fair Centre is operated by a municipal company, the Dm-Arena carries the name of the sponsor dm-drogerie markt, a chain of retail stores headquartered in Karlsruhe.

Convention center
A convention center (American English; or conference centre in British English) is a large building that is designed to hold a convention, where individuals and groups gather to promote and share common interests. Convention centers typically offer sufficient floor area to accommodate several thousand attendees. Very large venues, suitable for major trade shows, are sometimes known as exhibition halls. Convention centers typically have at least one auditorium and may also contain concert halls, lecture halls, meeting rooms, and conference rooms. Some large resort area hotels include a convention center.

In Francophone countries, the term is palais des congrès (such as the Palais des Congrès de Paris) or centre des congrès (such as the Centre des congrès de Quebec).
Quentin Westberg
Quentin Oyamo Westberg (born April 25, 1986) is a former professional soccer player who played as a goalkeeper. Born in France, Westberg opted to represent the United States on the international level and is a former youth international having represented the team at under-17 and under-20 level, whom he played with at the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship.

He is a graduate of the Clairefontaine academy and previously served as the number one goalkeeper for Troyes.

Coupe de la Ligue
The Coupe de la Ligue (French pronunciation: [kup də la liɡ]), known outside France as the French League Cup, was a knockout cup competition in French football organized by the Ligue de Football Professionnel. The tournament was established in 1993 and, unlike the Coupe de France, was only open to professional clubs in France which play in country's top three football divisions, though the third is not fully professional.

The most successful team in the competition was Paris Saint-Germain with nine wins, including the last edition in 2019–20. The LFP voted to suspend the competition indefinitely to "reduce the season schedule".
Chatterton (novel)
Chatterton is a novel by Peter Ackroyd published on 1 January 1987 by Hamish Hamilton. It was shortlisted for the Booker Prize. It was commercially successful at the time of its publication. The novel is an investigation of the death of Thomas Chatterton. Chatterton had poisoned himself with arsenic when he was seventeen because of his poverty.

Hamish Hamilton
Hamish Hamilton Limited is a publishing imprint and originally a British publishing house, founded in 1931 eponymously by the half-Scot half-American Jamie Hamilton (Hamish is the vocative form of the Gaelic Seumas [meaning James], James the English form – which was also his given name, and Jamie the diminutive form). Jamie Hamilton was often referred to as Hamish Hamilton.

The Hamish Hamilton imprint is now part of the Penguin Random House group.
Paracymbites
Paracymbites is an extinct genus of lower Jurassic ammonite that lived during Raricostatum zone of upper Sinemurian. Animals belonging to this genus had small shells with semicircular whorl section and rounded or fastigate venter, of which umbilicus made about 25% of diameter. Last whorl could have been excentric. Keel was faint and it might have been only on the earlier part of the last whorl. Aperture had ventral rostrum. Body chamber made about 75% of whorl and was faintly plicate, or smooth.

Early Jurassic
The Early Jurassic Epoch (in chronostratigraphy corresponding to the Lower Jurassic Series) is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic Period. The Early Jurassic starts immediately after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, 201.3 Ma (million years ago), and ends at the start of the Middle Jurassic 174.7 ±0.8 Ma.

Certain rocks of marine origin of this age in Europe are called "Lias" and that name was used for the period, as well, in 19th-century geology. In southern Germany rocks of this age are called Black Jurassic.
Programmer and Operator Productivity Aid
Programmer and Operator Productivity Aid (POP) is an application package written originally for the IBM System/34, which became much more popular and functional on the IBM System/36 and universal on the Advanced/36.

POP comprises four major tools:

FILE, which provides easy access to disk files;

LIBR, which provides easy access to libraries and library members;

DISKETTE, which provides easy access to diskette files;

FSEDIT, which is a full-screen text editor in the fashion of the System/38 and IBM i text editors.

POP does not have a function for folders.  The Office/36 TEXTFLDR procedure is adequate for this function.

POP programs use a point-and-shoot interface.  Many objects are displayed and to the left of each object is an input field.  The operator interacts by moving the cursor to the desired object and marking it by typing a letter or number which represents a command or function.

IBM System/38
The System/38 is a discontinued minicomputer and midrange computer manufactured and sold by
IBM. The system was announced in 1978. The System/38 has 48-bit addressing, which was unique for the time, and a novel integrated database system. It was oriented toward a multi-user system environment. At the time, the typical system handled from a dozen to several dozen terminals. Although the System/38 failed to displace the systems it was intended to replace, its architecture served as the basis of the much more successful IBM AS/400.
KCND-TV
KCND-TV (channel 12) was a television station in Pembina, North Dakota, United States, which broadcast from 1960 to 1975. The station targeted the Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, market some 60 miles (97 km) to the north. It was the forerunner of current Global Television Network affiliate CKND-DT (channel 9) in Winnipeg, which remains in operation.

KCND was established by the Community Radio Corporation, the parent company of KNOX-TV and KNOX AM in Grand Forks, North Dakota, after being granted a construction permit by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission in July 1958. The station's plans were publicly announced on March 13, 1959, and KCND signed on November 7, 1960 on channel 12. The station's studios and master control system were located in Pembina, with Canadian sales and production facilities being located at 2031 Portage Avenue in St. James, a suburb of Winnipeg.

KNOX (AM)
KNOX (1310 kHz, "News Radio 1310 & 107.9 KNOX") is an AM radio station broadcasting a news/talk format in Grand Forks, North Dakota. The station is owned by Leighton Broadcasting.  KNOX also rebroadcasts on translators K300BG (107.9 FM) and K277DN (103.3 FM) in Grand Forks.

The station broadcasts ABC News Radio updates. The station broadcasts local high school hockey, football, and basketball games on occasion, and Minnesota Timberwolves basketball, Minnesota Wild hockey, and Minnesota Twins baseball games.
Hutuo River
The Hutuo River is a major river in northern China and an important member of Hai River system. It derives from Wutai Mountain in Shanxi province and flows through the Taihang Mountains to reach the North China Plain, and meets the Ziya River near the Xian County of the Hebei province, finally meeting the Bohai Bay close to the Haibin and Gangxi residential areas, approximately 50 km south of Tianjin's centre. Other notable areas where it flows through are the city of Shijiazhuang, the capital of Hebei province. The total length of Hutuo River is about 587 km and the watershed area is about 27300 km². The discharge is approximately 220 million cubic meters per year.

The Linji school (sect) of Buddhism, influential in China and Japan, takes its name from a Linji Temple that existed on the shores of the river.  The sect was created by the Chan Buddhist monk Linji Yixuan, who joined the temple around 851.  The Hutuo river is called Koda by Japanese adepts of the Linji school.

Mount Wutai
Mount Wutai, also known by its Chinese name Wutaishan and as Mount Qingliang, is a sacred Buddhist site at the headwaters of the Qingshui in Shanxi Province, China. Its central area is surrounded by a cluster of flat-topped peaks or mesas roughly corresponding to the cardinal directions. The north peak (Beitai Ding or Yedou Feng) is the highest (3,061 m or 10,043 ft from sea) and is also the highest point in North China.

As host to over 53 sacred monasteries, Mount Wutai is home to many of China's most important monasteries and temples.  It was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2009 and named a AAAAA tourist attraction by China's National Tourism Administration in 2007.
Christine Wilks
Christine Ann Wilks (born 1960) is a British digital writer and artist whose work in electronic literature has been published in online journals and anthologies. Her interactive Fitting the Pattern (2008) depicting memories of her mother by drawing on dressmaking tools is considered to be a "born digital" work. Underbelly, presenting a digital account of women working in the pits of northern England, won the New Media Writing Prize 2010 as well as the 2010/11 MaMSIE Digital Media Prize. In 2021, Wilks earned a Ph.D. in digital writing from Bath Spa University with a thesis titled "Stiched Up in The Conversengine: Using Expressive Processing and Multimodal Languages to Create a Character-Driven Interactive Digital Narrative".

Bath Spa University
Bath Spa University is a public university in Bath, England, with its main campus at Newton Park, about 3+1⁄2 miles (5.6 km) west of the centre of the city. The university has other campuses in the city of Bath and London, as well as a site at Corsham Court in Wiltshire.

The institution gained full university status in August 2005, having been previously known as Bath College of Higher Education, and later Bath Spa University College.
Spain Sevens
The Spain Sevens is an annual international rugby sevens tournament that was played as two back-to-back events on consecutive weekends in late January that year. The first event was held in Málaga at Estadio Ciudad de Málaga and the second was held  in Seville at Estadio de La Cartuja. These events were hosted  by the Spanish Rugby Federation as the third and fourth stops on the 2021–22 season of the World Rugby Sevens Series for national men's teams.

Estadio de La Cartuja
Estadio La Cartuja (Spanish pronunciation: [esˈta.ðjo la kaɾˈtu.xa]), formerly Estadio Olímpico de Sevilla, officially known as Estadio La Cartuja de Sevilla, is a stadium situated in the Isla de la Cartuja in Seville, Spain. It is used mostly for football and it is commonly referred to as simply 'La Cartuja'. It was completed in 1999 for the World Championships in Athletics and expanded in 2025. With a capacity of 70,000 seats, La Cartuja is the 4th-largest stadium in Spain and the largest in Andalusia. It was the venue for the 2003 UEFA Cup final between Celtic and Porto.

The stadium is currently the temporary home of Sevilla-based club Real Betis during the renovation of their own stadium, Estadio Benito Villamarín.
Diego Zúñiga
Diego Eduardo Zúñiga Henríquez (born 1987) is a Chilean writer and journalist. He was born in Iquique and spent his childhood there before moving to Santiago in his early teens. He studied journalism at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile and co-founded the publishing house Montacerdos. He has published three books: Camanchaca (novel, 2012),  Racimo (novel, 2014) and Niños héroes (short stories, 2016) and has won numerous domestic literary prizes. In 2017, he was included in the Bogotá39 list of the best young Latin American writers.

Pontifical Catholic University of Chile
The Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (UC Chile; Spanish: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile) is a traditional private university based in Santiago, Chile. It is one of the thirteen Catholic universities existing in the Chilean university system and one of the two pontifical universities in the country, along with the Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso. Founded in 1888, it is one of Chile's oldest universities. It is ranked among the top universities in Latin America (2nd in the region and 93rd in the world as per QS Ranking 2025).

Pontifical Catholic University of Chile has a strong and long-standing rivalry with the University of Chile, as they are both widely recognized as the most traditional and prestigious in the country, and one is Catholic and the other, secular. This rivalry also translates to sports, especially football.
Aquatic locomotion
Aquatic locomotion or swimming is biologically propelled motion through a liquid medium. Swimming by different mechanisms has evolved repeatedly in organisms including arthropods, fish, molluscs, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Many single-celled organisms including bacteria and ciliates use motile organelles, cilia or flagella, while others use pseudopodia, temporary projections of the cell body powered by the cytoskeletal protein actin. Larger organisms may swim by undulating their bodies, as in many fish and worms; by jet propulsion, as in cephalopods such as squid; or by moving flippers like wings, as in sea turtles.

Newt
A newt is a salamander in the subfamily Pleurodelinae. The terrestrial juvenile phase is called an eft. Unlike other members of the family Salamandridae, newts are semiaquatic, alternating between aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Not all aquatic salamanders are considered newts, however. More than 100 known species of newts are found in North America, Europe, North Africa and Asia. Newts metamorphose through three distinct developmental life stages: aquatic larva, terrestrial juvenile (eft), and adult. Adult newts have lizard-like bodies and return to the water every year to breed, otherwise living in humid, cover-rich land habitats.

Newts are threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation and pollution. Several species are endangered, and at least one species, the Yunnan lake newt, has been considered extinct since 1979.
Linda Hepner
Linda Margaret Hepner MLA (born May 16, 1949) is a Canadian politician, who served as the 36th mayor of Surrey, British Columbia as of the 2014 municipal election. As a member of the Conservative Party of BC, she recently won a seat in 2024 BC provincial election and currently serves as the MLA for Surrey-Serpentine River.

Surrey City Council
Surrey City Council is the governing body of the City of Surrey, British Columbia, Canada. The council consists of the mayor and eight elected city councilors representing the city as a whole. Municipal elections also select six school trustees. Municipal elections are held every four years across the Province on the third Saturday of October.