hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1998 Direct Line International Championships
The 1998 Direct Line International Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the Devonshire Park Lawn Tennis Club in Eastbourne in the United Kingdom that was part of Tier II of the 1998 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 15 June until 20 June 1998. First-seeded Jana Novotná won the singles title.

Devonshire Park Lawn Tennis Club
The Devonshire Park Lawn Tennis Club is a tennis complex in Eastbourne, United Kingdom. The complex is the host of the annual ATP and WTA Tour tournament called the Eastbourne International. The stadium court has a capacity of 8,000 people. The Devonshire Park, originally intended as a cricket ground, opened its gates to the public on 1 July 1874 and in 1879, the first tennis courts was marked out on its lawns. In 1877 the All England Croquet and Lawn Tennis Club set about regularising the laws of lawn tennis and produced its first tournament at Wimbledon running from July 9–16 of that year. In 1881 the club staged the inaugural South of England Championships, the event was played annually for 136 years until 1972.

In June 2016 the Lawn Tennis Association (LTA) and the Eastbourne council announced a £44m project to upgrade the park including a show court and new practice courts.
Ristijärvi
Ristijärvi (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈristiˌjærʋi]) is a municipality of Finland. It is part of the Kainuu region. The municipality has a population of 1,162 (30 June 2025),  which makes it the smallest municipality in Kainuu in terms of population. It covers an area of 897.93 square kilometres (346.69 sq mi) of which 62.31 km2 (24.06 sq mi) is water. The population density is 1.39 inhabitants per square kilometre (3.6/sq mi). The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

The municipality was founded in 1867, while the wooden church, designed by Gustaf af Sillén, dates back to 1807. The municipality was named after the Ristijärvi lake (lit. 'Cross Lake') referring to the shape of the lake.

Regions of Finland
Finland is divided into 19 regions (Finnish: maakunta; Swedish: landskap)
which are governed by regional councils that serve as forums of cooperation for the municipalities of each region. The councils are composed of delegates from the municipal councils. The main tasks of regional councils are regional planning, the development of enterprises, and education. Between 2004 and 2012, the regional council of Kainuu was elected via popular elections as part of an experimental regional administration.

In 2022, new Wellbeing services counties were established as part of a health care and social services reform. The wellbeing services counties follow the regional borders, and are governed by directly elected county councils.
Sophia of Minsk
Sophia of Minsk or Sophia of Polotsk (died 5 May 1198) was a Danish queen consort by marriage to King Valdemar I of Denmark, and a landgravine of Thuringia by marriage to Louis III, Landgrave of Thuringia.

Landgrave
Landgrave (German: Landgraf, Dutch: landgraaf, Swedish: lantgreve, French: landgrave; Latin: comes magnus, comes patriae, comes provinciae, comes terrae, comes principalis, lantgravius) was a rank of nobility used in the Holy Roman Empire, and its former territories. The German titles of Landgraf, Markgraf ("margrave"), and Pfalzgraf ("count palatine") are of roughly equal rank, subordinate to Herzog ("duke"), and superior to Graf ("count").
Patterns (Kelsea Ballerini album)
Patterns is the fifth studio album by American singer Kelsea Ballerini. The album was released on October 25, 2024, through Black River Entertainment. Ballerini co-produced the album along with Alysa Vanderheym. "Cowboys Cry Too" was released as its first single on June 28, 2024. Three other songs were put out as promotional singles: "Sorry Mom", "Two Things", and "First Rodeo". The deluxe edition of Patterns was released on March 7, 2025.

Noah Kahan
Noah Berkenkamp Kahan (/ˈkɑːn/ KHAN; born January 1, 1997) is an American singer-songwriter who signed with Republic Records in 2017. His breakthrough single, "Hurt Somebody", achieved gold status in the United States and charted in multiple international markets. The single and EP of the same name preceded the release of his debut album, Busyhead (2019). Within five years two more albums followed: I Was / I Am (2021) and Stick Season (2022), the second of which went on to be his mainstream commercial breakthrough and led to his nomination in 2023 for the Grammy Award for Best New Artist.
Dick Delicious and the Tasty Testicles
Dick Delicious and the Tasty Testicles are an American comedy / metal band from Atlanta, Georgia. The band formed in 1992 and released three albums between 1995 and 2003. In 2003, they received the "Howard Stern Award for Musical Excellence" and broke up shortly afterward.

In 2011, the band reformed with guitarist Ruyter Suys from southern rock band Nashville Pussy, and recorded a new album featuring members of Nashville Pussy, Mastodon, and Brutal Truth.

In early 2011 the band's fourth album, A Vulgar Display of Obscurity, was released on Slinging Pig Records and went on to sell a negative number of copies.

At a reunion show at The Star Bar in 2007, Dick said he was a better guitar player than KK Downing and Glenn Tipton put together.

Southern rock
Southern rock is a subgenre of rock music and a genre of Americana. It developed in the Southern United States from rock and roll, country and blues, and is focused generally on electric guitars and vocals.
Strait to Vegas
Strait to Vegas is a concert residency by country music artist George Strait at T-Mobile Arena on the Las Vegas Strip. It has included 17 weekends of concerts, beginning on April 22, 2016, and is scheduled to continue through at least December 3, 2022.

The residency was announced in a press conference on September 22, 2015 at MGM Grand Las Vegas. It was initially scheduled for four dates over two weekends, and has been extended several times since then.

Shows in April, July, and December of 2017 were branded as "2 Nights of Number 1s", with the setlist for each weekend consisting primarily of Strait's 60 chart-topping songs. The September 2017 shows focused on the soundtrack to Strait's film, Pure Country, in honor of its 25th anniversary.

Las Vegas Strip
The Las Vegas Strip is a stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard in Clark County, Nevada, that is known for its concentration of resort hotels and casinos. The Strip, as it is known, is about 4.2 mi (6.8 km) long, and is immediately south of the Las Vegas city limits in the unincorporated towns of Paradise and Winchester, but is often referred to simply as "Las Vegas".

Many of the largest hotel casino and resort properties in the world are on the Strip. Its hotels, casinos, restaurants, residential high-rises, entertainment offerings, and skyline have established the Strip as one of the most popular and iconic tourist destinations in the world and is one of the driving forces for Las Vegas's economy. Most of the Strip has been designated as an All-American Road, and the North and South Las Vegas Strip routes are classified as Nevada Scenic Byways and National Scenic Byways.
Mel Hunter
Milford "Mel" Joseph Hunter (July 27, 1927 – February 20, 2004) was a 20th-century American illustrator. He enjoyed a successful career as a science fiction illustrator, producing illustrations for famous science fiction authors such as Isaac Asimov and Robert A. Heinlein, as well as a technical and scientific illustrator for clients such as The Pentagon, Hayden Planetarium, and the Massachusetts Audubon Society.

Rose Center for Earth and Space
The Rose Center for Earth and Space is a part of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. The Center's complete name is The Frederick Phineas and Sandra Priest Rose Center for Earth and Space. The main entrance is located on the northern side of the museum on 81st Street near Central Park West in Manhattan's Upper West Side. Completed in 2000, it includes the Hayden Planetarium, which was originally opened in 1935. Neil deGrasse Tyson is its first and, to date, only director.
Singapore Flying College
The Singapore Flying College (Abbreviation: SFC) is a CAAS approved flight school based in Singapore. Established in 1988 under the Singapore Airlines Group, it is the training school for cadet pilots with Singapore Airlines, Scoot and Singapore Airlines Cargo.

The SFC headquarters is located at SIA Training Centre, Singapore, in close proximity to Changi Airport and is where the ATPL ground training phase is conducted.

On successful completion of Ground Training Phase, cadets subsequently move to SFC's other training facility at Jandakot Airport in Perth, Western Australia to continue with their Flight Training for the Multi-crew Pilot License.

Singapore Flying College operated a third training centre at Sunshine Coast Airport, Maroochydore. However, due to changes in pilot training curriculum, it was shut down in March 2014 after operating for twelve years.

Singapore Flying College conducts Multi-Crew Pilot Licence (MPL) courses for Singapore Airlines and Scoot cadets.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Erzsébet Gy. Németh
Erzsébet Gy. Németh (born 21 January 1962) is a Hungarian politician. Previously she served as  member of the National Assembly, member of the Budapest General Assembly and member of the board of the Democratic Coalition. From 2019, she is one of the deputy mayors of Budapest.

Democratic Coalition (Hungary)
The Democratic Coalition (Hungarian: Demokratikus Koalíció [ˈdɛmokrɒtikuʃ ˈkoɒliːt͡sioː], DK [ˈdeːkaː]) is a social democratic and social-liberal political party in Hungary led by Klára Dobrev. Founded in 2010 by former prime minister Ferenc Gyurcsány as a faction within the Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP), the Democratic Coalition split from the MSZP on 22 October 2011 and became a separate party. It has fifteen MPs in the National Assembly and two MEPs in the European Parliament.
Dalmanites
Dalmanites is a genus of trilobite in the order Phacopida. They lived from the Late Ordovician to Middle Devonian. It was named for the Swedish naturalist Johan Wilhelm Dalman.

The trilobites of this genus have slightly convex exoskeletons with an average length of 4–7 cm (1.5–3 in). The cephalon is semicircular or parabolic. The glabella (center portion of the head) is often pear-shaped, and tapers outward toward the front. The glabella also always contains three pairs of obvious glabellar furrows. Also prominent are the large mosaic (schizochroal) eyes.

The thorax is composed of eleven segments, with the relatively large pygidium with a slender axis of 11 to 16 rings and 6 or 7 pleural ribs. The pygidium ends in a striking tail spike.

Pygidium
The pygidium (pl.: pygidia) is the posterior body part or shield of crustaceans and some other arthropods, such as insects and the extinct trilobites. In groups other than insects, it contains the anus and, in females, the ovipositor. It is composed of fused body segments, sometimes with a tail, and separated from thoracic segments by an articulation.
Perelozhnikovo
Perelozhnikovo (Russian: Переложниково) is a rural locality (a village) in Malyshevskoye Rural Settlement, Selivanovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 403 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

Vladimir Oblast
Vladimir Oblast (Russian: Влади́мирская о́бласть, romanized: Vladimirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Vladimir, which is located 190 kilometers (120 mi) east of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 1,443,693.

The UNESCO World Heritage List includes the 12th-century cathedrals of Vladimir, Suzdal, Bogolyubovo, and Kideksha.
Clipping (signal processing)
Clipping is a form of distortion that limits a signal once it exceeds a threshold.  Clipping may occur when a signal is recorded by a sensor that has constraints on the range of data it can measure, it can occur when a signal is digitized, or it can occur any other time an analog or digital signal is transformed, particularly in the presence of gain or overshoot and undershoot.

Clipping may be described as hard, in cases where the signal is strictly limited at the threshold, producing a flat cutoff; or it may be described as soft, in cases where the clipped signal continues to follow the original at a reduced gain.  Hard clipping results in many high-frequency harmonics; soft clipping results in fewer higher-order harmonics and intermodulation distortion components.

Analog signal
An analog signal (American English) or analogue signal (British and Commonwealth English) is any signal, typically a continuous-time signal, representing some other quantity, i.e., analogous to another quantity. For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous signal voltage varies in a manner analogous to the pressure of the sound waves.

In contrast, a digital signal represents the original time-varying quantity as a sampled sequence of quantized numeric values, typically but not necessarily in the form of a binary value. Digital sampling imposes some bandwidth and dynamic range constraints on the representation and adds quantization noise.

The term analog signal usually refers to electrical signals; however, mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and other systems may also convey or be considered analog signals.
Steve Forshaw
Steven Mark Forshaw (born 19 June 1974) is a former English cricketer. Forshaw was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.

In 1998 Forshaw also made his Minor Counties Championship debut for Dorset against Herefordshire. From 1998 to 2000 Forshaw represented Dorset in 18 Minor Counties matches, with his final match for Dorset coming against Cumberland in the final of the 2000 Minor Counties Championship, which Dorset won by 5 wickets.

In 1998 Forshaw also made his List A debut for Dorset in the 1998 NatWest Trophy first round against Hampshire County Cricket Club. Forshaw played a further four List A matches for Dorset from 1998 to 2002, with his final List A match for Dorset coming against the Worcestershire Cricket Board in the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was played in 2002. In his five List A matches for Dorset he took seven wickets at a bowling average of 30.85, with best figures of 2/22.

Worcestershire Cricket Board
The Worcestershire Cricket Board is the governing body for all recreational cricket in the historic county of Worcestershire.

From 1999 to 2003, the Board fielded a team in the English domestic one-day tournament, matches which had List-A status.
Cobrys
Cobrys or Kobrys (Ancient Greek: Κῶβρυς) was a coastal Greek town in ancient Thrace, on the Thracian Chersonesus. It is mentioned in the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax

It was an Emporium of the Cardia.

There have been unconvincing attempts to identify Cobrys with Crobyle. Cobrys' site is located 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Kavak Suyu, in European Turkey.

Emporium (antiquity)
An emporium refers to a trading post, factory, or market of classical antiquity, derived from ἐμπόριον empórion, which becomes emporium in Latin. The plural is emporia in both languages, although in Greek the plural undergoes a semantic shift towards 'merchandise'. Emporium is a term that has also been used to describe the centres of heightened trade during the Early Middle Ages.

Emporia varied greatly in their level of activity. Some seem to have functioned much like the permanent European trading colonies in China, India and Japan in the early modern period or those of the mediaeval Italian maritime republics in the Levant. Others were probably annual events for a few days or weeks like the medieval Champagne fairs or modern trade fairs.
2023 Geneva Open – Singles
Nicolás Jarry defeated Grigor Dimitrov in the final, 7–6(7–1), 6–1 to win the singles tennis title at the 2023 Geneva Open.

Casper Ruud was the two-time defending champion, but was defeated in the quarterfinals by Jarry.

Vitaliy Sachko
Vitaliy Sachko (Ukrainian: Віталій Дмитрович Сачко; born 14 July 1997) is a Ukrainian professional tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 156, achieved on 31 July 2023 and a doubles ranking of No. 122, achieved on 28 July 2025. He is currently the No. 1 player from Ukraine.
Nara Narayan
Naranarayan (r.  1554–1587) was the last ruler of the undivided Koch dynasty of the Kamata Kingdom. He succeeded his father, Biswa Singha. Under him the Koch kingdom reached its cultural and political zenith.  Under his rule, and under the military command of his brother Chilarai, he was able to subjugate the entire Brahmaputra Valley, including the Ahom kingdom; besides the Kachari, Tripura kingdoms, as well as the Khyrem, Jaintia and others. This influence was halted when he faced Suleman Karranni, the Sultan of Bengal.

He introduced a silver coin, called the Narayani, that greatly influenced the numismatics of Assam.

Khasi people
The Khasi people are an Austroasiatic ethnic group of Meghalaya in north-eastern India with a significant population in the bordering state of Assam and in certain parts of Bangladesh. The Khasis constitute the majority population in the eastern part of Meghalaya, particularly in the Khasi Hills, where they represent 78.3% of the region's population. They also comprise about 48% of Meghalaya's total population, making them the state's largest ethnic community. They are among the few Austroasiatic-speaking peoples in South Asia. The Khasi tribe holds the distinction of being one of the few remaining tribes that have a matrilineal society. Under the Constitution of India, the Khasis have been granted the status of Scheduled Tribe.
2025 Franz Beckenbauer Supercup
The 2025 Franz Beckenbauer Supercup was the 16th edition of the German super cup organised by the DFL, known as the Franz Beckenbauer Supercup, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal competitions. The match was played on 16 August 2025.

The match featured VfB Stuttgart, the winners of the 2024–25 DFB-Pokal, and Bayern Munich, the winners of the 2024–25 Bundesliga. The match was hosted by VfB Stuttgart at the MHPArena in Stuttgart. This was the first edition of the competition since being renamed in honour of Franz Beckenbauer, who died in January 2024.

Bayern Munich won the match 2–1 for their 11th Supercup title.

Deutsche Fußball Liga
The DFL Deutsche Fußball Liga GmbH (or simply Deutsche Fußball Liga; lit. 'German Football League'; often shortened to DFL) is a league and wholly owned subsidiary of Die Liga – Fußballverband. The DFL is responsible for entire operating business of the Ligaverband, including the Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga leagues.

Since 1 July 2001, the DFL has organised the Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga. From 2005 until 2007, they also organised the DFL-Ligapokal. Since 2010, the DFL also has organised the Franz Beckenbauer Supercup.
Uçhisar
Uçhisar is a town (belde) in the Nevşehir District, Nevşehir Province in Cappadocia, Turkey. In 2022, its population was 3,555. It is 7 kilometres east of Nevşehir, 12 kilometres west of Ürgüp, and 10 kilometres south of Avanos.

Situated on the edge of Göreme National Park, Uçhisar consists of an old village huddled around the base of a huge rock cone and a new one closer to the road that runs from Nevşehir town to Göreme. Like most of Cappadocia, Uçhisar once made a living from agriculture but now depends almost entirely on tourism, with many of its fine old stone houses turned into boutique hotels. French incomers and Turks returning from France have played a large part in the move to convert the houses into hotels.

Uçhisar means "outer citadel" in Turkish and refers to the huge rock cone that is its central feature.

In antiquity, the Güvercinlik Valley that overlooks Uçhisar was known as Vasil Potamus or Vasilius (Basilius, named after St. Basil).

Belde
Belde (literally "town", also known as kasaba) means "large village with a municipality" in Turkish.

All Turkish province centers and district centers have municipalities, but the villages are usually too small to have municipalities. The population in some villages may exceed 2000 and in such villages a small municipality may be established depending on residents' choice. Such villages are called belde. Up to 2014 the number of belde municipalities was about 1400.

On 30 March 2014 by the act no. 6360 all villages (those with and without municipality) were included in the urban fabric of the district municipalities in 30 provinces. Thus belde municipalities in 30 provinces were abolished. The number of abolished belde municipalities is 1040.

Presently, in 51 provinces, which are not in the scope of the act no 6360, there are still 394 belde municipalities.
Michel Hrynchyshyn
The Rt Revd Michel Hrynchyshyn C.Ss.R. (18 February 1929 – 12 November  2012) was the apostolic exarch of the Apostolic Exarchate in France, Benelux and Switzerland for the Ukrainians from when he was consecrated bishop on 30 January 1983 until his resignation in 2012. He was appointed by Pope John Paul II on 21 October 1982. He also was an advisor to the Congregation for the Oriental Churches and a member of Le conseil d'Eglises chrétiennes en France (CECEF). Hrynchyshyn was born in Buchanan, Saskatchewan.

Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Saint Volodymyr the Great of Paris
The Eparchy of Saint Volodymyr the Great of Paris (French: Éparchie Saint Volodymyr-le-Grand de Paris des Ukrainiens; Ukrainian: Єпархія Святого Володимира Великого у Парижі) is an eparchy of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, a sui iuris Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Catholic Church. Its territory encompasses France, Belgium, Luxemburg, the Netherlands and Switzerland.

Its cathedral is the Cathédrale Saint-Volodymyr-le-Grand in the episcopal see of Paris.

The former eparch Borys Gudziak was appointed as Archeparch of Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Philadelphia on 4 February 2019, while Hlib Lonchyna, Eparch of Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of the Holy Family of London was appointed as apostolic administrator.
Bonxie (album)
Bonxie is the third studio album by British indie rock band Stornoway. It was released in April 2015 under Cooking Vinyl. The title refers to the great skua seabird, which in Shetland is colloquially referred to as a bonxie. It is one of several references to birds on the album, which also includes birdsong on many of the tracks, in a nod to lead singer Brian Briggs' academic background in ornithology and his love of birds in general.

Great skua
The great skua (Stercorarius skua), sometimes known by the name bonxie in Britain, is a large seabird in the skua family Stercorariidae. It is roughly the size of a herring gull. It mainly eats fish caught at the sea surface or taken from other birds.
Purple poppy
The purple poppy is a symbol  of remembrance in the United Kingdom for animals that served during wartime. The symbol was created in 2006 based on the principle of the traditional red remembrance poppy for Remembrance Day.

In contemporary service, most animals in United Kingdom military service are military working dogs, particularly in the 1st Military Working Dog Regiment. Historically the greatest number of animal casualties in conflict have been horses and ponies.

Dogs in warfare
Dogs have a very long history in warfare, beginning in ancient times. From being trained in combat, to their use as scouts, sentries, messengers, mercy dogs, and trackers, their uses have been varied, and some continue to exist in modern military usage.