hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Passing exercise (naval term)
A passing exercise (a PASSEX in U.S. Navy terminology) is an exercise done between two navies to ensure that the navies are able to communicate and cooperate in times of war or humanitarian relief.

Common drills include flashing light drills, semaphore drills, and flaghoist drills.  In modern times, navies within a very close alliance may include electronic and digital cooperation including using electronic communications and target acquisition.  Some exercises between the French and US navies (particularly in support of the war in Afghanistan) have included carrier-based fighter-bombers "touching down" (landing then taking off) on each other's carriers to ensure interoperability.

While the official reason of a PASSEX is to practice cooperation, various unofficial reasons might be to "show the flag" (show the power of a nation through a public display of naval power) or other political or diplomatic reasons.

Flag signals
Flag signals can mean any of various methods of using flags or pennants to send signals. Flags may have individual significance as signals, or two or more flags may be manipulated so that their relative positions convey symbols. Flag signals allowed communication at a distance before the invention of radio and are still used especially in connection with ships.
Louise Robinson
Dame Ann Louise Robinson DBE is a British medical doctor and academic. She is Regius Professor of Ageing at Newcastle University, and director of the Newcastle University Institute for Ageing.

Robinson earned an MBBS in 1985 from Newcastle University, MRCGP in 1989, DFFP in 1991, DCH in 1998 from the University of London, and Dip ME 1992 from the University of Dundee.

Robinson trained as a GP in rural Northumberland.

In the 2019 New Year Honours, Robinson was awarded DBE, "For services to Primary Care". For her work on the care of dementia, she was awarded a Research Professorship at the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR).

Dementia caregiving
As populations age, caring for people with dementia has become more common. Elderly caregiving may consist of formal care and informal care. Formal care involves the services of community and medical partners, while informal care involves the support of family, friends, and local communities. In most mild-to-medium cases of dementia, the caregiver is a spouse or an adult child. Over a period of time, more professional care in the form of nursing and other supportive care may be required medically, whether at home or in a long-term care facility. There is evidence to show that case management can improve care for individuals with dementia and the experience of their caregivers. Furthermore, case management may reduce overall costs and institutional care in the medium term.
James Frederick Swift
James Frederick Swift (28 December 1847, Manchester – 9 January 1931, Wallasey) was an English organist and composer. He mostly worked for religious establishments such as St Andrew's Church in Liverpool for 10 years, but he also composed around 200 non-religious songs and ballads under the pseudonym, Godfrey Marks. One of his most famous songs is Sailing, Sailing. It is a possibility that Swift composed this work on seamanship based on his inspiration from Nancy Lee by Michael Maybrick, despite that his daughter, Ruby Gertrude Swift, expressed that his father had never been close to seafaring activities. One of his famous religious songs includes Ernstein.

Seamanship
Seamanship is the art, competence, and knowledge of operating a ship, boat or other craft on water. The Oxford Dictionary states that seamanship is "The skill, techniques, or practice of handling a ship or boat at sea."

It involves topics and development of specialised skills, including navigation and international maritime law and regulatory knowledge; weather, meteorology and forecasting; watchkeeping; ship-handling and small boat handling; operation of deck equipment, anchors and cables; ropework and line handling; communications; sailing; engines; execution of evolutions such as towing; cargo handling equipment, dangerous cargoes and cargo storage; dealing with emergencies; survival at sea and search and rescue; and fire fighting.

The degree of knowledge needed within these areas is dependent upon the nature of the work and the type of vessel employed by a seafarer.
Banora Point High School
Banora Point High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in Banora Point, a town in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 2004, the school catered for approximately 600 students in 2018, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom approximately 12 percent identified as Indigenous Australians and six percent were from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education; the principal is Christopher Randle.

Year 7
Year 7 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Australia and New Zealand. It is the seventh full year (or eighth in Australia and England) of compulsory education and is roughly equivalent to grade 6 in the United States and Canada (or to grade 7 for the Australian Year 7). Children in this year are between 11 and 12.
The Game at Radio City
The Game at Radio City was played on August 5, 2004, at Radio City Music Hall in New York, New York. This game is not considered a standard All-Star Game.

In order to allow players to participate in the 2004 Summer Olympics, the WNBA took a month-long break. However, prior to the teams heading to Athens, the WNBA hosted an exhibition game between the U.S. Olympic Team and a team of WNBA stars.  Every player on the Olympic team was also an WNBA player.  The WNBA squad consisted of American players, with the exception of Mwadi Mabika who was from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. (Her country's women's basketball team did not qualify for the Olympics that year.)

Team USA defeated the WNBA stars, 74–58.

DR Congo women's national basketball team
The DR Congo women's national basketball team (French: Équipe nationale féminine de basket-ball de la République démocratique du Congo) represents the Democratic Republic of the Congo in international basketball competitions. It is controlled by the Basketball Federation of Democratic Republic of Congo. (French: République démocratique du Congo Fédération de basket-ball)

The team was formerly known as the Zaire women's national basketball team (French: Équipe nationale féminine de basket-ball du Zaïre).
Lee Jin-ho (tennis)
Lee Jin-ho is a South Korean former professional tennis player.

Lee was a men's doubles bronze medalist for South Korea at the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing. He was also a South Korean Ghafar Cup representative. While playing on the professional tour he attained a best singles world ranking of 430 and featured as a wildcard in the main draw of the 1990 Korea Open, where he was beaten in the first round by the fourth-seed Kelly Evernden. In the domestic tennis competition he competed for the Korean Air team.

1990 Asian Games
The 1990 Asian Games, also known as the XI Asiad and the 11th Asian Games (第十一届亚洲运动会) or simply Beijing 1990 (北京1990), were held from September 22 to October 7, 1990, in Beijing, China. This was the first Asian Games held in China.

Along with the 1993 East Asian Games, this event served as a precursor to China's further development in the sporting arena, as before the city went on to bid for the 2000 Summer Olympics (losing to Sydney) and eventually won the bids for the 2001 Summer Universiade, the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics . In a fact with precedent, China dominated the games, grabbing 60% of the gold medals and 34% of the total medal count. China set a new record by becoming the first nation in the history of the Asian Games to cross the 100-gold medal mark and the 300-total medal mark in one edition.

This also marked Taiwan's first participation in the Asian Games as Chinese Taipei.
Plectrochilus
Plectrochilus is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Trichomycteridae, the pencil and parasitic catfishes, and the subfamily Vandelliinae, the haematophagic catfishes. The catfishes in this genus are found in South America.

Hematophagy
Hematophagy (sometimes spelled haematophagy or hematophagia) is the practice by certain animals of feeding on blood (from the Greek words αἷμα haima "blood" and φαγεῖν phagein "to eat"). Since blood is a fluid tissue rich in nutritious proteins and lipids that can be taken without great effort, hematophagy is a preferred form of feeding for many small animals, such as worms and arthropods. Some intestinal nematodes, such as Ancylostomatids, feed on blood extracted from the capillaries of the gut, and about 75 percent of all species of leeches (e.g., Hirudo medicinalis) are hematophagous. The spider Evarcha culicivora feeds indirectly on vertebrate blood by specializing on blood-filled female mosquitoes as their preferred prey. Some fish, such as lampreys and candirus; mammals, especially vampire bats; and birds, including the vampire finch, Hood mockingbird, Tristan thrush, and oxpeckers, also practice hematophagy.
Colin Rodger
Charles Gordon "Colin" Rodger (3 March 1909 – 26 May 1982)  was a Scottish footballer who played as an outside left.

Sometimes known as "Fally", he began his career in the Scottish Football League with Ayr United, where his form was solid enough for him to be selected for the Scottish Football League XI in October 1935. This drew further attention, and three months later he moved to England with Manchester City; he was a squad member as the club won the 1936–37 Football League title, but as he only made nine league appearances (contributing seven goals) it is not clear if he was awarded a medal.

After moving to Northampton Town (as part of a player exchange also involving Fred Tilson, Keillor McCullough and Maurice Dunkley who went the other way), Rodger's career was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II, during which he made guest appearances for several Scottish clubs including Partick Thistle, Dumbarton and Ayr United.

Dumbarton F.C.
Dumbarton Football Club is a semi-professional football club in Dumbarton, Scotland. Founded on 23 December 1872, they are one of the oldest football clubs in Scotland.

The club plays home games at the Dumbarton Football Stadium next to Dumbarton Castle. They currently play in Scottish League Two.
Narada Bhakti Sutra
The Narada Bhakti Sutra (IAST: Nārada Bhakti Sūtra) is a well known sutra venerated within the traditions of Hinduism,  reportedly spoken by the famous sage, Narada. The text details the process of devotion (Bhakti), or Bhakti yoga and is thus of particular importance to many of the Bhakti movements within Hinduism.  It has received particular attention among the Vaishnava and Vedanta traditions. Sri Ramakrishna, the mystic-saint, hails this work as, "The best path to union with God is to follow the way of divine love as taught by Narada."

Sanskrit scriptures often appear in variant editions which may show differences in organization and verse numbering. For example, in the translation by Swami Prabhavananda there are eighty-four verses arranged in nine chapters, whereas in the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust translation by A.C Bhakti Vedanta Swami Prabhupada and his disciple Satsvarupa dasa the eighty-four verses are organized into five chapters.

Rishi
In Indian religions, a rishi (Sanskrit: ऋषि IAST: ṛṣi) is an accomplished and enlightened person. They find mention in various Vedic texts. Rishis are believed to have composed hymns of the Vedas. The Post-Vedic tradition of Hinduism regards the rishis as "great yogis" or "sages" who after intense meditation (tapas) realized the supreme truth and eternal knowledge, which they composed into hymns. The term appears in Pali literature as Isi; in Buddhism they can be either Buddhas, Paccekabuddhas, Arahats or a monk of high rank.
Zabród
Zabród [ˈzabrut] (German: Schönwerder) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Goleniów, within Goleniów County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-east of Goleniów and 22 km (14 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Goleniów County
Goleniów County (Polish: powiat goleniowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Goleniów, which lies 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Nowogard, lying 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Goleniów, and Maszewo, 19 km (12 mi) south-east of Goleniów.

The county covers an area of 1,616.99 square kilometres (624.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 78,738, out of which the population of Goleniów is 22,448, that of Nowogard is 16,745, that of Maszewo is 3,073, and the rural population is 36,472.
2002 North Carolina judicial elections
Several justices of the North Carolina Supreme Court and judges of the North Carolina Court of Appeals were elected to eight-year terms by North Carolina voters on November 5, 2002. Party primary elections were held on Sept. 10. This was the last year in which statewide judicial elections were partisan.

The result of the election was that all incumbent Democrats went down to defeat, and only one Democrat won a seat that was open (i.e. the incumbent chose not to run for another term).

North Carolina Court of Appeals
The North Carolina Court of Appeals (in case citation, N.C. Ct. App.) is the only intermediate appellate court in the state of North Carolina. It is composed of fifteen members who sit in rotating panels of three. The Court of Appeals was created by the North Carolina General Assembly in 1967 after voters approved a constitutional amendment in 1965 which "authorized the creation of an intermediate court of appeals to relieve pressure on the North Carolina Supreme Court."

Judges serve eight-year terms and are elected in statewide elections. The General Assembly made Court of Appeals elections non-partisan starting with the 2004 elections, but later made them partisan again after the 2016 elections.
Phil Cavarretta
Philip Joseph Cavarretta (July 19, 1916 – December 18, 2010) was an American professional baseball first baseman, outfielder, and manager. He was known to friends and family as "Phil" and was also called "Philibuck", a nickname bestowed by Cubs manager Charlie Grimm.

Cavarretta had a 22-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career, spending 20 seasons with the Chicago Cubs before spending his final two seasons with the Chicago White Sox. His 20 seasons played for the Cubs is the second-most in franchise history, behind Cap Anson's 22 seasons. Cavarretta was voted the National League Most Valuable Player for 1945 after leading the Cubs to the pennant while winning the batting title with a .355 batting average. He was a player-manager for the Cubs in his final three seasons with the team.

Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award
The Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) is an annual Major League Baseball (MLB) award given to one outstanding player in the American League and one in the National League. The award has been presented by the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA) since 1931.
Iran Human Rights Documentation Center
The Iran Human Rights Documentation Center (IHRDC) is a registered non-profit organization based in New Haven, Connecticut. IHRDC was founded in 2004 by a group of human rights scholars, activists, American government interest advocators, and historians to document the patterns of human rights abuse in Iran and to promote accountability, a culture of human rights, and the rule of law in Iran. Board members include prominent legal scholars such as Professors Owen Fiss (Yale University), Lawrence Douglas (Amherst College), and Payam Akhavan (McGill University).

Lawrence Douglas
Lawrence R. Douglas (born October 18, 1959) is an American legal scholar. He teaches in the department of Law, Jurisprudence, and Social Thought at Amherst College in Amherst, Massachusetts, where he holds the James J. Grosfield Professorship. He is an author of journalism, fiction, and nonfiction books.
Mark Murray
Mark Murray is the name of:

Mark Murray (rugby league) (born 1959), Australian rugby league footballer and coach

Mark Murray (administrator) (born 1954), American government, academic and business administrator

Mark Murray, victim of abuse by Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus

Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus
The Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus (Latin: Missionarii Comboniani Cordis Iesu), also known as the Comboni Missionaries of the Sacred Heart, or the Verona Fathers, and originally called the Sons of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (Congregatio Filiorum S. Cordis Iesu), is a Catholic clerical male religious congregation of pontifical right.
Adversity.net
Adversity.net was a website dedicated to opposing affirmative action and other race-conscious policies. The site criticized such policies on the grounds that they adversely affect white people, and it claimed to have been established "for victims of reverse discrimination". The website was active between the years 1997 and 2019.

Race-conscious policy
A race-conscious policy is a policy that aims to improve the conditions of racial minorities. In the United States, such policies are typically aimed at improving the status of African Americans. Many different kinds of race-conscious policies exist, including nondiscrimination policy, and racial quotas. Their main purpose is twofold: to compensate for past discrimination against the target race, and to increase equality of opportunity.
Kishsassu
Kishsassu or Kishassu (Akkadian: Kiššaššu) was a city in ancient Assyria. It is mentioned tablets found in Nineveh, dating from the 7th-century BCE.

The city was subject to invasion by the Median chieftain, Kashtariti.

Some scholars suggest Kishsassu can be identified as the city of Kishisim (or Kishisu). Sargon II subdued this town, calling it Kar-Nergal or Kar-Ninib.

Gaston Maspero believes the city was located in the Gavê-Rud basin, while Adolf Billerbeck identifies Kishsassu as the ruins of Siama in the "upper valley of Lesser Zab".

Little Zab
The Little Zab or Lower Zab (Arabic: الزاب الاسفل, al-Zāb al-Asfal; Kurdish: Zêy Koya or Zêyê Biçûk; Persian: زاب کوچک, Zâb-e Kuchak; Syriac: ܙܒܐ ܬܚܬܝܐ, Zāba Taḥtāya) is a river that originates in Iran and joins the Tigris just south of Al Zab in Iraq. The Little Zab is approximately 400 kilometres (250 mi) long and drains an area of about 22,000 square kilometres (8,500 sq mi). The river is fed by rainfall and snowmelt, resulting in a peak discharge in the spring and low water in the summer and early fall. Two dams built on the Little Zab regulate the river flow, providing water for irrigation and generating hydroelectricity.

The Zagros Mountains have been populated since at least the Lower Palaeolithic, but the earliest archaeological site in the Little Zab basin, Barda Balka, dates to the Middle Palaeolithic. Human occupation of the Little Zab basin has been attested for every period since then.
County of Flinders, Queensland
The County of Flinders is a county (a cadastral division) in Queensland, Australia, located in the Central Queensland region between Gladstone and Bundaberg.  The county is divided into civil  parishes. It was named for Matthew Flinders who explored the Australian coastline.

The county was created on 1 September 1855 by royal proclamation under the Waste Lands Australia Act 1846. On 7 March 1901, the Governor issued a proclamation legally dividing Queensland into counties under the Land Act 1897. Its schedule described Flinders thus:

Bounded on the south by the counties of Cook and Bowen; on the west by the county of Yarrol, the eastern watershed of the Boyne River, and the western boundary of the parist of Rodds Bay; and on the north and east by the Pacific Ocean.

Gladstone, Queensland
Gladstone (/ˈɡlædstən/ GLAD-stən) is a coastal city in the Gladstone Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the Gladstone urban area had a population of 45,185 people.

It is 517 km (321 mi) by road north-west of the state capital, Brisbane, and 108 km (67 mi) south-east of Rockhampton. Situated between the Calliope and Boyne Rivers, Gladstone is home to Queensland's largest multi-commodity shipping port, the Port of Gladstone.

Gladstone is the largest town within the Gladstone Region and the headquarters of Gladstone Regional Council is located in Gladstone.
Rudolf Huna
Rudolf Huna (born 27 May 1980) is a Slovak professional ice hockey forward.

Huna is the older brother of twin hockey players Robert Huna and Richard Huna. He has played in the Slovak Extraliga for MHk 32 Liptovský Mikuláš, HC Košice and HK Poprad and the Czech Extraliga for HC Oceláři Třinec, HC Vítkovice and HC Karlovy Vary. He has also played in the Russian Superleague for HC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk, the Swedish Elitserien for Leksands IF, the Deutsche Eishockey Liga for Füchse Duisburg, the Kontinental Hockey League for HC Lev Poprad and the Ligue Magnus for Diables Rouges de Briançon.

HK Poprad
HK Poprad is a professional ice hockey team in the Slovak Extraliga, the top ice hockey league in Slovakia. It plays its games in Poprad, Slovakia. The squad's greatest successes include 2nd place in the Slovak Extraliga in 2006, 2011 and 2021. The team finished in the standings of the 2023-2024 season in 1st place, with a record of 27 wins and 15 losses. The club is nicknamed Kamzíci, which means "Chamoises" in Slovak.
Agioi Apostoloi
Agioi Apostoloi (Greek: Άγιοι Απόστολοι, "Holy Apostles") is an uninhabited islet to the north of the western coast of Crete in the Aegean Sea. Administratively, it is within the municipality of Chania, in Chania regional unit.

Chania
Chania (Greek: Χανιά, Khaniá, pronounced [xaˈɲa] ⓘ), also sometimes romanized as Hania, is a city in Greece and the capital of the Chania regional unit. It lies along the north west coast of the island Crete, about 70 km (43 mi) west of Rethymno and 145 km (90 mi) west of Heraklion.

The municipality has 111,375 inhabitants (2021). This consists of the city of Chania and several nearby areas, including Kounoupidiana, Mournies, Souda, Nerokouros, Daratsos, Perivolia, Galatas and Aroni.
Mlynivtsi, Kremenets Raion, Ternopil Oblast
Mlynivtsi (Ukrainian: Млинівці) is a village in the Vyshnivets settlement hromada of the Kremenets Raion of Ternopil Oblast in Ukraine. After the liquidation of the Zbarazh Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Kremenets Raion.

Kremenets Raion
Kremenets Raion (Ukrainian: Кременецький район) is a raion (district) in Ternopil Oblast of western Ukraine. The administrative center is the city of Kremenets. Population: 140,063 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast was reduced to three, and the area of Kremenets Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Lanivtsi and Shumsk Raions, as well as a part of one more abolished raion, Zbarazh Raion, and the city of Kremenets, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Kremenets Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 45,884 (2020 est.).