hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Valley View, Illinois
Valley View is an unincorporated community and a suburb of Chicago in St. Charles Township, Kane County, Illinois, United States. It is in between the cities of St. Charles and South Elgin. Valley View consists of new development on a narrow tract of land between IL-25 and a bend in the Fox River. In 2013, the population was 2,188.

St. Charles, Illinois
St. Charles or Saint Charles is a city in Kane and DuPage Counties, Illinois, United States. The population was 33,081 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 33,482 in 2024. It lies roughly 35 miles west of Chicago on Illinois Route 64. The official city slogan is "Pride of the Fox", after the Fox River that runs through the center of town. St. Charles is part of a tri-city area along with Geneva and Batavia, all western Chicago suburbs of similar size and socioeconomic condition.
Keralam - Museum of History and Heritage
Keralam – Museum of History and Heritage, located at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India is a museum that aims to document the history and heritage of Kerala that spans over 3000 years as per available prehistorical and historical evidence.
It is a joint venture of Kerala Tourism and the Kerala State Department of Archaeology. The museum is placed within the Park View mansion, near the famous Napier Museum and Thiruvananthapuram Zoo. 
In order to enable effective content delivery and user interaction, the museum employs modern techniques such as touchscreen terminals to illustrate the exhibits and multimedia systems to render documentary videos.

Kerala State Department of Archaeology
Kerala State Department of Archaeology is the archaeology department of the Government of Kerala. It had its origins in the Travancore State Archaeology Department which was started in December 1891. It forms a part of the Ministry of Culture.
The department was formed in 1962 integrating the Travancore Archaeology Department and the Archaeological Research Centre of erstwhile Kochi. The main functions of the department includes publishing of volumes on stone inscriptions discovered from various places, copying of copper plate inscriptions, conducting excavations and explorations and measures to protect historical monuments dating back to 200 BC onwards which lies scattered in different parts of the state.
Brandon Gormley
Brandon Gormley (born February 18, 1992) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who is currently an unrestricted free agent. He most recently played for the Iserlohn Roosters of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He was selected 13th overall by the Phoenix Coyotes in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft. During his junior career, he was named to the QMJHL All-Rookie Team, is a two-time QMJHL Second Team All-Star and won the President's Cup with the Wildcats in 2010. Internationally, he has competed in two World U-17 Hockey Challenges, one Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament and one IIHF World U20 Championship.

Iserlohn Roosters
The Iserlohn Roosters are a professional ice hockey team based in Iserlohn, North Rhine-Westphalia. They are members of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL) since 2000 and play their home games at the Balver-Zinn Arena which is also known as Eissporthalle am Seilersee. The team made the playoffs three times in its first 15 seasons in the DEL. The Roosters are widely regarded for their fans and having one of the best atmospheres at home games in Europe despite having an arena capacity for just 4,967 spectators. The club caused much controversy in 1987 when, under Heinz Weifenbach, a US$900,000 advertising deal was signed for former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi's The Green Book.
Miss Grand Netherlands 2018
Miss Grand Netherlands 2018 was the third edition of the Miss Grand Netherlands beauty pageant, held at the Apollo Hotel, Vinkeveen, Netherlands, on June 17, 2018. Ten candidates who qualified through the casting process held earlier in March competed for the title, and a businessperson from North Brabant, Kimberley Xhofleer, was named the winner. Kimberley then represented the country at the Miss Grand International 2018 pageant in Yangon, Myanmar, but was unplaced.

Initially, the pageant was expected to be participated by twelve national candidates. Still, two of them, Deborah van Hemert of Gelderland and Ashley van Bree of Overijssel withdrew for undisclosed reasons.

Moreover, the first runner-up in the pageant, Safina Barsatie of South Holland, who was born in Suriname's capital, Paramaribo, was later appointed as "Miss Grand Suriname 2018", but she also was unplaced at the international contest in Myanmar.

South Holland
South Holland (Dutch: Zuid-Holland [ˌzœyt ˈɦɔlɑnt] ⓘ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.8 million as of January 2023 and a population density of about 1,410/km2 (3,700/sq mi), making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. Situated on the North Sea in the west of the Netherlands, South Holland covers an area of 3,308 km2 (1,277 sq mi), of which 609 km2 (235 sq mi) is water. It borders North Holland to the north, Utrecht and Gelderland to the east, and North Brabant and Zeeland to the south. The provincial capital is the Dutch seat of government The Hague, while its largest city is Rotterdam. The Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta drains through South Holland into the North Sea. Europe's busiest seaport, the Port of Rotterdam, is located in South Holland.
BBCH-scale (leafy vegetables forming heads)
In biology, the BBCH-scale for leafy vegetables forming heads describes the phenological development of leafy vegetables forming heads, such as cabbage, chinese cabbage, lettuce and endive, using the BBCH-scale.

The phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of leafy vegetables forming heads are:

Chinese cabbage
Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa, subspecies pekinensis and chinensis) is either of two cultivar groups of leaf vegetables often used in Chinese cuisine: the Pekinensis Group (napa cabbage) and the Chinensis Group (bok choy).

These vegetables are both variant cultivars or subspecies of B. rapa and belong to the same genus as Brassica oleracea, whose cultivars include Western staples such as cabbage, broccoli, and cauliflower. Both B. rapa cultivars have many variations in name, spelling, and scientific classification, especially bok choy cultivars.
Takariya Napaltjarri
Takariya Napaltjarri (also known as Takirriyanya or Doris) (born c. 1960) is an Indigenous artist from Australia's Western Desert region. She has painted with Papunya Tula artists' cooperative. First exhibited in 1996, her work is held in the collection of the Art Gallery of New South Wales.

Western Desert cultural bloc
The Western Desert cultural bloc (also capitalised, abbreviated to WDCB, or just Western Desert) is a cultural region in central Australia covering about 600,000 square kilometres (230,000 mi2), used to describe a group of linguistically and culturally similar Aboriginal Australian nations.
N. Palanivel
N. Palanivel is an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as a Communist Party of India (Marxist) candidate from Palani constituency in 1977 election, 1980, and 1989 elections.

1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The ninth legislative assembly election of Tamil Nadu was held on 21 January 1989. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) won the election and its leader M. Karunanidhi became the Chief Minister. It was his third term in office. The DMK was in power only for a short term, as it was dismissed on 31 January 1991 by the Indian Prime minister Chandra Shekhar using Article 356 of the Indian Constitution.
2013 WTA 125K series
The WTA 125K series is the secondary professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association. The 2013 WTA 125K series calendar consisted of five tournaments, each with a total prize fund of $125,000. A sixth tournament in Pune was earlier scheduled but cancelled.

Types of tennis match
Traditionally, tennis is played between two people in a singles match, or two pairs in a doubles match. Tennis can also be played on different courts, including grass courts, clay courts,  hard courts, and artificial grass courts.
Mamiya RZ67
The Mamiya RZ67 is a professional medium format single-lens reflex camera manufactured by Mamiya. There are three successive models: the RZ67 Professional (released in 1982), RZ67 Professional II (released in 1993) and RZ67 Professional IID (released in 2004). It is primarily designed for studio use, but can also be used in the field.

Single-lens reflex camera
In photography, a single-lens reflex camera (SLR) is a type of camera that uses a mirror and prism system to allow photographers to view through the lens and see exactly what will be captured. SLRs became the dominant design for professional and consumer-level cameras throughout the late 20th century, offering interchangeable lenses, through-the-lens (TTL) metering, and precise framing. Originating in the 1930s and popularized in the 1960s and 70s, SLR technology played a crucial role in the evolution of modern photography. Although digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) cameras succeeded film-based models, the rise of mirrorless cameras in the 2010s has led to a decline in SLR use and production. With twin lens reflex and rangefinder cameras, the viewed image could be significantly different from the final image. When the shutter button is pressed on most SLRs, the mirror flips out of the light path and allows light to pass through to the light receptor and the image to be captured.
Sleepin' Around
"Sleepin' Around" is a song written by Rhett Akins, Ashley Gorley, and Jimmy Robbins, and recorded by Canadian country music singer Dallas Smith for his third studio album, Side Effects (2016). The song was released to radio by 604 Records on October 2, 2017 as the album's sixth single. "Sleepin' Around" reached number one on the Canada Country chart in January 2018, helping Smith break the record previously set by Shania Twain for the most chart-topping singles by a Canadian country artist from a single album.

Dallas Smith
Dallas Hendry Smith (born December 4, 1977) is a Canadian singer and songwriter, who performs both as a solo country music artist and as lead singer for the hard rock band Default. He is currently signed to Big Loud Records. Smith is the current record holder of most number one hits among all male Canadian artists on Billboard's Canada Country chart, at eleven. With Side Effects, Smith also became the first Canadian country artist in the Nielsen BDS era to chart four consecutive number one singles from one album (Shania Twain charted three consecutive number one hits from her 1997 release Come On Over), a feat he would then top with his next album, Timeless.

At the end of 2012, Mediabase named Smith the most played Canadian country act and number eight overall at the format.
Xenocles
Xenocles (Ancient Greek: Ξενοκλῆς) was an ancient Greek tragedian.  He won a victory at the Dionysia in 415 BC with the plays Oedipus, Lycaon, and Bacchae with the satyr play Athamas.  Other plays by Xenocles include Licymnius, parodied by Aristophanes in The Clouds, and perhaps Myes.  Aristophanes also refers negatively to Xenocles in the Thesmophoriazusae and Frogs.

Xenocles was the son of Carcinus the Elder and father of Carcinus the Younger, both also tragic playwrights. He had at least two brothers who were also tragic poets or actors. Ancient sources differ on whether Xenocles was one of three or four brothers, and name them variously as Xenotimus, Xenarchus, Demotimus, Xenocleitus, and Datis.  Datis, quoted by Aristophanes in Peace, may have been a nickname for Xenocles.

Peace (play)
Peace (Ancient Greek: Εἰρήνη Eirḗnē) is an Athenian Old Comedy written and produced by the Greek playwright Aristophanes. It won second prize at the City Dionysia where it was staged just a few days before the validation of Peace of Nicias, which promised to end the ten-year-old Peloponnesian War, in 421 BC. The play is notable for its joyous anticipation of peace and for its celebration of a return to an idyllic life in the countryside. However, it also sounds a note of caution, there is bitterness in the acknowledgment of lost opportunities, and the ending is not happy for everyone. As in all of Aristophanes' plays, the jokes are numerous, the action is wildly absurd and the satire is savage. Cleon, the pro-war populist leader of Athens, is once again a target of the author's wit, even though he had died in the Battle of Amphipolis just a few months earlier.
Dream Baby Dream
"Dream Baby Dream" is a song by the electro-punk band Suicide, written by its members Martin Rev and Alan Vega. It was released as a single in 1979 by Island Records. It has been covered by Neneh Cherry and The Thing on the 2011-recorded album The Cherry Thing and by Bruce Springsteen both live and in a studio version released on High Hopes (2014). Springsteen released a live version as an EP which was a part of the Alan Vega 70th Birthday Limited Edition EP Series in 2008. Also part of the EP series was a live version of "Dream Baby Dream" performed by Suicide on NBC's The Midnight Special in 1978.

The song appeared in Adam Curtis' 2016 BBC documentary HyperNormalisation during a montage featuring skyscrapers being blown up. It also appeared in the 2016 film American Honey, directed by Andrea Arnold.

The song features on the closing credits of Alex Garland's Civil War (2024).

A live cover version of the song by the band Savages also appears in the 2014 film Electric Slide.

Savages (band)
Savages were an English rock band formed in 2011 in London. The band consisted of Jehnny Beth (vocals), Gemma Thompson (guitars), Ayse Hassan (bass), and Fay Milton (drums). Their debut album, Silence Yourself was released on 6 May 2013 via Matador Records. It reached number 19 in the UK Albums Chart in May 2013, and was critically acclaimed. It peaked at number 5 on the Irish and the UK Independent Albums Chart, and at number 13 on the US Billboard Independent Albums chart. The band's second album Adore Life, was released on 22 January 2016. Both albums were nominated for the Mercury Prize, in 2013 and 2016 respectively.
Lisa Frizell
Elizabeth Norris "Lisa" Frizell is a Republican member of the Colorado Senate from Castle Rock, Colorado. She represents Colorado's 2nd Senate district which includes part of Douglas County, Colorado. Previously, she represented Colorado House of Representatives District 45, which included the Douglas County communities of Castle Rock, The Pinery, and Castle Pines Village.

The Pinery, Colorado
The Pinery is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place (CDP) located in and governed by Douglas County, Colorado, United States. The CDP is a part of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population of The Pinery CDP was 11,311 at the United States Census 2020. Douglas County governs the unincorporated community. The Parker post office (Zip Code 80134) serves the area.
1997 Suffolk County Council election
The 1997 Suffolk County Council election took place on 1 May 1997 to elect members of Suffolk County Council in Suffolk, England. This was on the same day as other local elections and the 1997 general election.

Chris Mole
Christopher David Mole (born 16 March 1958) is a British Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament for Ipswich from a by-election in 2001, after the death of Jamie Cann, and was re-elected in 2005. He was Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Transport, until his defeat in the 2010 general election by Ben Gummer of the Conservative Party.
The Goblin (magazine)
The Goblin was a Canadian humour magazine based in Toronto, Ontario. It was self-published from February of 1921 to May of 1929, and was originally started by students of the University of Toronto, although had no connection with University anymore by 1928.

It primarily contained satire, caricature, and literary criticism, as well as various art from individuals such as Lou Skuce, Jimmy Frise, Lawson Wood, Jack Maclaren, Russ Fisher, Walter Schmidt, and Syd Law, with other contributions by James Alexander Cowan (the first editor-in-chief) and Stephen Leacock.

The magazine's initial price was 20 cents, but in 1925 its price was increased to 25 cents for the remainder of its publication. The magazine ran until volume 9, issue 9, after which it was replaced with The New Goblin.

Lou Skuce
Thomas Lewis Skuce (July 6, 1886 - November 20, 1951), more popularly known as Lou Skuce, was a Canadian comic strip and editorial cartoonist (much of it sports-related), who also appeared widely in movie theatres to entertain while producing cartoons that were projected onto the screen. He also worked in commercial illustration, owning his own studio serving advertising clients in Canada and the United States. During World War II, he also produced material that appeared in the Canadian Whites. When he died, he was referred to as "Canada's Greatest Cartoonist".
Beardsley meteorite
The Beardsley meteorite is a meteorite that fell in Beardsley, Kansas, on October 15, 1929. Three samples were preserved, one collected the following day, at Michigan State University, and two collected two years later, at the Smithsonian Institution and Arizona State University.

It is a chondritic type, but the samples showed unusual radionuclide profiles when analyzed in 1962: the Michigan State University sample was unusually high in potassium (higher than any other chondrite), rubidium (higher than any other meteorite), and caesium, while the Smithsonian Institution sample uniquely contained measurable amounts of Radium-226 and its decay products, suggesting contamination. Its age has been estimated at 4.64 billion years.

Radium-226
Radium-226 (226Ra) is the longest-lived isotope of radium, with a half-life of 1600 years. It is an intermediate product in the decay chain of uranium-238; as such, it can be found naturally in uranium-containing minerals.
Semantic computing
Semantic computing is a field of computing that combines elements of semantic analysis, natural language processing, data mining, knowledge graphs, and related fields.

Semantic computing addresses three core problems:

Understanding the (possibly naturally-expressed) intentions (semantics) of users and expressing them in a machine-processable format

Understanding the meanings (semantics) of computational content (of various sorts, including, but is not limited to, text, video, audio, process, network, software and hardware) and expressing them in a machine-processable format

Mapping the semantics of user with that of content for the purpose of content retrieval, management, creation, etc.

The IEEE has held an International Conference on Semantic Computing since 2007.  A conference on Knowledge Graphs and Semantic Computing has been held since 2015.

Semantic analysis (knowledge representation)
Semantic analysis is a method for eliciting and representing knowledge about organisations.

Initially the problem must be defined by domain experts and passed to the project analyst(s). The next step is the generation of candidate affordances. This step will generate a list of semantic units that may be included in the schema. The candidate grouping follows where some of the semantic units that will appear in the schema are placed in simple groups. Finally the groups will be integrated together into an ontology chart.

Semantic analysis always starts from the problem definition which if not clear, require the analyst to employ relevant literature, interviews with the stakeholders and other techniques towards collecting supplementary information. All assumptions made must be genuine and not limiting the system.
David Catling
David C. Catling is a Professor in Earth and Space Sciences at the University of Washington. He is a planetary scientist and astrobiologist whose research focuses on understanding the differences between the evolution of planets, their atmospheres, and their potential for life. He has participated in NASA's Mars exploration program and contributed research to help find life elsewhere in the Solar System and on planets orbiting other stars. He is also known for his work on the evolution of Earth's atmosphere and biosphere, including how Earth's atmosphere became rich in oxygen, allowing complex life to evolve, and conditions conducive to the origin of life.

Exploration of Mars
The planet Mars has been explored remotely by spacecraft. Probes sent from Earth, beginning in the late 20th century, have yielded a large increase in knowledge about the Martian system, focused primarily on understanding its geology and habitability potential. Engineering interplanetary journeys is complicated and the exploration of Mars has experienced a high failure rate, especially the early attempts. Roughly sixty percent of all spacecraft destined for Mars failed before completing their missions, with some failing before their observations could begin. Some missions have been met with unexpected success, such as the twin Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, which operated for years beyond their specification.
Frances Webster (netball)
Frances Webster (born 1947) was a netball player who played 9 times for the New Zealand national netball team.

Frances Paranihia Webster (née Wiringi) was born on 1 January 1947. She was a track and field athlete and played netball for Rotorua. As Frances Wiringi, she was first picked for the national netball team, known as the Silver Ferns, in 1969, making her debut against Australia in June of that year, when she became the 47th woman to play for the team. She was part of the team that competed in the 1971 World Netball Championships when New Zealand came second. She played in the Goal Shooter (GS), Goal attack (GA) and Wing attack (WA) positions. In 1974, Webster left New Zealand and moved to Queensland in Australia.

New Zealand national netball team
The New Zealand national netball team, commonly known as the Silver Ferns (Māori: Rau Hiriwā or Kaponga), represent Netball New Zealand in international netball tournaments such as the Netball World Cup, the Commonwealth Games, the Taini Jamison Trophy, the Constellation Cup, the Netball Quad Series and the Fast5 Netball World Series. They have also represented New Zealand at the World Games. New Zealand made their test debut in 1938. As of 2023, New Zealand have been world champions on five occasions and Commonwealth champions twice. They are regularly ranked number two in the World Netball Rankings.
1976 Alice Springs by-election
A by-election for the seat of Alice Springs in the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly was held on 7 February 1976. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of Country Liberal Party (CLP) member Bernie Kilgariff, the Deputy Majority Leader, to run for one of two newly created seats in the Australian Senate for the Northern Territory in the 1975 federal election.

Bernie Kilgariff
Bernard Francis Kilgariff AM (30 September 1923 – 13 April 2010) was an Australian politician. He was one of the founders of the Country Liberal Party and served as a member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly which included a stint as Deputy Majority Leader. He was elected to the Australian Senate in 1975, and initially sat with the National Country Party until 1979, before sitting with the Liberal Party for the rest of his federal political career.