hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Comacchio
Comacchio (Italian: [koˈmakkjo]; Comacchiese: Cmâc' [kˈmaːts]) is a town and comune of Emilia Romagna, Italy, in the province of Ferrara, 48 kilometres (30 mi) from the provincial capital Ferrara. It was founded about two thousand years ago; across its history it was first governed by the Exarchate of Ravenna, then by the Duchy of Ferrara, and eventually returned to be part of the territories of the Papal States. For its landscape and its history, it is considered one of the major centres of the Po delta. Comacchio is part of the UNESCO World Heritage site "Ferrara, City of the Renaissance, and its Po Delta."

Reno (river)
The Reno (Italian: [ˈrɛːno]; Emilian: Raggn [ˈrɐɲː] or Ränn [ˈræŋː]) is a river of Emilia-Romagna and Tuscany, northern Italy. At 211 km (131 mi), it is the tenth longest river in Italy (the sixth longest of those that flow directly into the sea) and the most important of the region apart from the Po.

It has a drainage basin of 4,628 square kilometres (1,787 mi2). The annual average discharge at the mouth is about 95 cubic metres per second (3,400 cu ft/s); at the point where the river flows into the Pianura Padana (Po River Plain), it amounts to about 25 cubic metres per second (880 cu ft/s). The highest values registered at its outflow into the Po Plain have approached 2,300 cubic metres per second (81,000 cu ft/s), but the typical value when the river is in flood is around 1,000 cubic metres per second (35,000 cu ft/s). The minimal discharge reported is 0.6 cubic metres per second (21 cu ft/s).
Mid Buchanan High School
Mid Buchanan High School is a public high school in Faucett, Missouri. Mid Buchanan competes in the Missouri State High School Activities Association as a member of the Kansas City Interscholastic Conference in several interscholastic sports. Enrollment at Mid Buchanan High School is approximately 250 students.

Missouri State High School Activities Association
The Missouri State High School Activities Association (MSHSAA) is the governing body for high school activities throughout the U.S. state of Missouri. Approximately 720 high schools are members of MSHSAA. There are close to 250 additional affiliate members and around 25 home school associations.

The MSHSAA conducts championship-level activities in 23 activities. At least 50 member high schools must sponsor a sport for an official championship series to be conducted. Sports such as boys volleyball, field hockey, girls lacrosse, boys softball, and water polo are considered "emerging sports" by MSHSAA, but an official postseason series does not exist with less than 50 schools involved in those activities. MSHSAA also administers sideline cheerleading and dance team activities.
The Philippine Islands, 1493–1898
The Philippine Islands, 1493–1898, often referred to as Blair and Robertson after its two authors, was a 55-volume series of Philippine historical documents. They were translated by Emma Helen Blair and James Alexander Robertson, a director of the National Library of the Philippines from 1910 to 1916.

James Alexander Robertson
James Alexander Robertson (August 19, 1873 – March 20, 1939) was an American academic historian, archivist, translator and bibliographer. He is most noted for his contributions to the history and historiography of the Philippines and other former territorial possessions of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.
Tour of California (women's race)
The Women's Tour of California is the women's event of the Tour of California, an annual road bicycle racing event in California, United States. Raced over four stages, the event usually finishes with a criterium stage in Sacramento. It is organized by Anschutz Entertainment Group and part of the UCI Women's World Tour. Dutch rider and 2016 Olympic road race champion Anna van der Breggen won the race twice, in 2017, and 2018.

UCI Women's World Tour
The UCI Women's World Tour is the premier annual female elite road cycling tour. As of 2025, the tour includes 27 events in Europe, Asia and Oceania – with one-day races such as Strade Bianche Donne and Paris–Roubaix Femmes, stage races such as Women's Tour Down Under, as well as week long stage races (sometimes referred to as a "Grand Tour") such as Tour de France Femmes.
International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery
The International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (IJCARS) is a journal for cross-disciplinary research, development and applications of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (CARS). The Journal promotes interdisciplinary research and development in an international environment with a focus on the development of digital imaging and computer-based diagnostic and therapeutic procedures as well enhance the skill levels of health care professionals.The International Society for Computer Aided Surgery (ISCAS) and The Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Interventions Society (MICCAI) are involved in the publication of the IJCARS.

International Society for Computer Aided Surgery
The International Society for Computer Aided Surgery (ISCAS)  is an INGO, whose purpose to promote all scientific and clinical advance of computer-aided surgery and related medical procedures around the world.
1975–76 KIJHL season
The 1975-76 Kootenay International Junior Hockey League (KIJHL) season was the ninth in league history, and the fourth since rebranding to the KIJHL from the WKJHL and involving the same eight teams as 1974-75. It was the first season since the 1969–70 not to have any team changes, though the Spokane Rockets rebranded to Spokane Flames.

1969–70 WKJHL season
The 1969-70 West Kootenay Junior Hockey League season was the third in league history. The season would proceed with the same five teams as the previous season. For the third consecutive season there were no playoffs, and instead the league champion was the team with the best regular season record. The Trail Smoke Eaters became the first team to win multiple championships. There is some contention over if this season was the inaugural season of the WKJHL as it is listed as the third in history on the KIJHL's list of champions however, this is contradicted by its own history page and research by Kootenay historian Greg Nesteroff
Korchak culture
The Korchak culture is an archaeological culture of the sixth and seventh century East Slavs who settled along the southern tributaries of the Pripyat River and from the Dnieper River to the Southern Bug and Dniester rivers, throughout modern-day northwestern Ukraine and southern Belarus.

It forms the eastern part of the so-called Prague-Korchak cultural horizon, a term used to encompass the   entirety of postulated early Slavic cultures from the Elbe to the Dniester, as opposed to the eastern Penkovka culture.

Archaeological culture
An archaeological culture is a recurring assemblage of types of artifacts, buildings and monuments from a specific period and region that may constitute the material culture remains of a particular past human society. The connection between these types is an empirical observation. Their interpretation in terms of ethnic or political groups is based on archaeologists' understanding. However, this is often subject to long-unresolved debates. The concept of the archaeological culture is fundamental to culture-historical archaeology.
Malika Booker
Malika Booker (born 1970) is a British writer, poet and multi-disciplinary artist, who is considered "a pioneer of the present spoken word movement" in the UK. Her writing spans different genres of storytelling, including poetry, theatre, monologue, installation and education, and her work has appeared widely in journals and anthologies. Organizations for which she has worked include Arts Council England, the BBC, British Council, Wellcome Trust, National Theatre, Royal Shakespeare Company, Arvon, and Hampton Court Palace.

Wellcome Trust
The Wellcome Trust is a charitable foundation focused on health research based in London, United Kingdom. It was established in 1936 with legacies from the pharmaceutical magnate Henry Wellcome (founder of Burroughs Wellcome, one of the predecessors of GSK plc) to fund research to improve human and animal health. The aim of the Trust is to "support science to solve the urgent health challenges facing everyone." It had a financial endowment of £37.6 billion in 2025, making it the fourth wealthiest charitable foundation in the world. In 2012, the Wellcome Trust was described by the Financial Times as the United Kingdom's largest provider of non-governmental funding for scientific research, and one of the largest providers in the world. According to their annual report, the Wellcome Trust spent GBP £1.1 billion on charitable activities across their 2023/2024 financial year. According to the OECD, the Wellcome Trust's financing for 2019 development increased by 22% to US$327 million.
Spirits Gathering
Spirits Gathering is an album by the Billy Bang Quartet, led by violinist Bang, and featuring guitarist Brett Allen, double bassist Akira Ando, and drummer Denis Charles. It was recorded on February 28, 1996, at the Spirit Room in Rossie, New York, and was released later that year by the CIMP label.

CIMP
Creative Improvised Music Projects, usually abbreviated CIMP or C.I.M.P., is an American jazz record company and label. It is associated with Cadence magazine and Cadence Jazz Records. The label is noted for its minimal use of electronic processing and its spare microphoning technique. Bob Rusch founded CIMP in 1995, with his son Marc Rusch as the recording engineer and his daughter Kara Rusch producing cover art.

The label recorded its first session in 1995 for an album that featured Evan Parker, Barry Guy, Paul Lytton, and Joe McPhee. From the beginning, it has concentrated on avant-garde jazz. Its catalogue includes Marshall Allen, Herb Robertson, Paul Smoker, Glenn Spearman, and Steve Swell. Most of its releases are recorded in its own studio in Rossie, New York.

Eighteen compilations of music released on the label have been released, titled the Cimposium series.
Richmond Pacific Railroad
The Richmond Pacific Railroad (reporting mark RPRC) is a terminal railroad owned by the Levin-Richmond Terminal Corporation.  The RPRC operates on 2.5 miles (4.0 km) of track in the shipping terminal and wharves at Richmond, California.

The RPRC also interchanges with the Union Pacific (UP) and BNSF Railway (BNSF). The shipping tariff is a flat rate of $210 per car or $310 per hazardous material car.  The railroad operates two shifts, between 6 a.m. - 10 p.m.  The railroad switches about 3,250 cars per year.

The RPRC was formerly known as the Parr Terminal Railroad (reporting mark PRT).

Wharf
A wharf (pl. wharves or wharfs), quay (/kiː/ kee, also /keɪ, kweɪ/ k(w)ay), staith, or staithe is a structure on the shore of a harbour or on the bank of a river or canal where ships may dock to load and unload cargo or passengers. Such a structure includes one or more berths (mooring locations), and may also include piers, warehouses, or other facilities necessary for handling the ships. Wharves are often considered to be a series of docks at which boats are stationed. A marginal wharf is connected to the shore along its full length.
Counter-air patrol
Counter-air patrol, known as Flower missions in RAF parlance, is a type of flying mission for fighter aircraft against other fighters, common in World War II and sometimes combined with fighter sweeps (Rhubarb missions)  against targets of opportunity. Counter-air patrol is an attempt to achieve air superiority by maintaining patrols above and around enemy airfields.

Aircraft are vulnerable on take off, fully loaded and working to gain altitude and speed. The aim of the counter-air patrol was to pick off enemy fighters as they took off and during their climb to an operational height. Fighter sweeps were used both to attrit the enemy and to provide cover for bombing raids by forcing enemy fighters to protect their own airfields.

Target of opportunity
A target of opportunity is a target "visible to a surface or air sensor or observer, which is within range of available weapons and against which fire has not been scheduled or requested." A target of opportunity comes in two forms; "unplanned" and "unanticipated". Unplanned targets of opportunity are those that fall within mission parameters as appropriate targets but were not included within a mission brief. Unanticipated targets are those that fall outside of mission parameters because their availability was not expected, such as an otherwise high-value target being identified at a location where another unrelated mission is underway.
Haldizen Mountains
Haldizen Mountains are a mountain range in north eastern Turkey, Trabzon. They are part of the Pontic Alps. The highest peaks stretch along the Trabzon-Bayburt border and are Demirkapı 3,376 m (11,076 ft), Kayışkıran 3,156 m (10,354 ft) and Karakaya 3,139 m (10,299 ft). The word haldizen is of Laz origin.

Laz people
The Laz people, or Lazi (Laz: ლაზი Lazi; Georgian: ლაზი, lazi; or ჭანი, ch'ani; Turkish: Laz), are a Kartvelian ethnic group native to the South Caucasus, who mainly live in Black Sea coastal regions of Turkey and Georgia. They traditionally speak the Laz language (which is a member of the Kartvelian language family) but have experienced a rapid language shift to Turkish.

Of the 103,900 ethnic Laz in Turkey, only around 20,000 speak Laz and the language is classified as threatened (6b) in Turkey and shifting (7) in Georgia on the Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale.
Pontchartrain Railroad
Pontchartrain Rail-Road was the first railway in New Orleans, Louisiana. Chartered in 1830, the railroad began carrying people and goods between the Mississippi River front and Lake Pontchartrain on 23 April 1831. It closed more than a hundred years later.

The 6-mile (10 km) long 4 ft 8 in (1,422 mm) gauge line connected the Faubourg Marigny neighborhood of New Orleans along the riverfront with the town of Milneburg on the Lakefront. When built, the majority of the distance of the route between neighborhoods at either end of the route was a mixture of farmland, woods, and swamp. The route of the railway ran down the center of Elysian Fields Avenue.

It was the third common carrier railroad to officially open for service to the public in the United States, following the Baltimore and Ohio and the South Carolina Canal and Rail Road Company.

Track gauge
In rail transport, track gauge is the distance between the two rails of a railway track. All vehicles on a rail network must have wheelsets that are compatible with the track gauge. Since many different track gauges exist worldwide, gauge differences often present a barrier to wider operation on railway networks.

The term derives from the metal bar, or gauge, that is used to ensure the distance between the rails is correct.

Railways also deploy two other gauges to ensure compliance with a required standard. A loading gauge is a two-dimensional profile that encompasses a cross-section of the track, a rail vehicle and a maximum-sized load: all rail vehicles and their loads must be contained in the corresponding envelope. A structure gauge specifies the outline into which structures (bridges, platforms, lineside equipment etc.) must not encroach.
Rhoda McGaw Theatre
The Rhoda McGaw Theatre is part of the entertainment complex adjacent to the Peacock Centre in Woking, Surrey.

The theatre seats 228 in 9 rows of raked seating and has been reported to have excellent acoustics. The stage is flat, 58’ wide from wall to wall, with a 36’ curtain opening. From the main tabs it is 19’ back to the cyclorama and 8’ forward to the front of the stage. The theatre has also been used by the Woking Drama Association ("WDA") to host the Woking Drama Festival and the British All Winners Festival on those occasions when it has been invited to do so by the National Drama Festivals Association. The venue has a unique relationship with the local council, whereby Woking Council owns and subsidises the theatre, with all the administration, staffing and technical facilities run by the Ambassador Theatre Group.

National Drama Festivals Association
The National Drama Festivals Association (NDFA) was formed in 1964 to encourage and support amateur theatre,  in particular through the organisation of drama festivals in the United Kingdom.

Since 1974 the NDFA has organised the British All Winners Drama Festival (BAWF) where the best of British amateur theatre take part in a week-long celebration of theatre. The winners of all NDFA member festivals in the previous year, including full-length or one-act member festivals, are eligible for invitation to take part.

The NDFA sponsors two playwriting competitions - the George Taylor Memorial Award and the Nan Nuttall Memorial Awards. The objective of this competition is to promote new writing for the theatre. Adjudication is carried out by a panel of judges, and the winners receive a certificate and a cash prize.

Membership of the NDFA is open to all drama festival organisations, theatre groups and individuals who are interested in supporting drama festivals in the UK.
Petarukan, Pemalang
Petarukan (Indonesian pronunciation: [pət̪aˈrukan]) is an administrative district (kecamatan) in Pemalang Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. It lies immediately to the east of the highly urbanised Pemalang-Taman area. Petarukan District contains the urban village (kelurahan) of Petarukan and 19 rural villages (desa).

Pemalang Regency
Pemalang Regency is a regency (Indonesian: kabupaten) on the north coast of Central Java province in Indonesia. Its capital is the town of Pemalang. The regency is bordered by the Java Sea to the north, by Pekalongan Regency to the east, by Purbalingga Regency to the south, and by Tegal Regency to the west. It covers an area of 1,115.30 km2, and it had a population of 1,261,353 at the 2010 Census and 1,471,489 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 1,541,685 (comprising 780,921 males and 760,764 females).
Ganggangsullae
Ganggangsullae (Korean: 강강술래) is an ancient Korean dance that was first used to bring about a bountiful harvest and has developed into a cultural symbol for Korea. It incorporates singing, dancing, and playing and is exclusively performed by women. The dance is mostly performed in the southwestern coastal province of South Jeolla Province. It is often associated with the Chuseok holiday and Daeboreum and is performed when the full moon rose above the mountains  They dance all night and continue to play folk games in circles. The performance starts with a late Ganggangsullae and changes to a 'Jajeun-Ganggangsullae', which are characterized by the most beautiful and feminine charms of late Ganggangsullae, and 'Jung-Ganggangsullae" only in Haenam and Jindo regions.

The dance was registered as the UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage from Korea in 2009.

Intangible cultural heritage
Intangible cultural heritage (ICH)—as opposed to a place's tangible cultural heritage, cultural properties such as historic sites, monuments, and artefacts—comprises manifestations of intellectual wealth such as customs, beliefs, traditions, folklore, language, and knowledge, as expressed in particular through craftsmanship and performance.

Responding to the perceived over-representation of Western Europe among World Heritage Sites, to help valorize cultural diversity, and following on from earlier related measures in Japan (1950) and in South Korea (1962), in 2001, UNESCO made a survey among states and NGOs to try to agree on a definition, and the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage was drafted in 2003 for its protection and promotion.
Brown baronets
There have been six baronetcies created for persons with the surname Brown), one in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia, one in the Baronetage of England, two in the Baronetage of Great Britain and two in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. One creation is extant as of 2026.

Brown baronets of Barbados (1664)

Brown baronets of London (1699)

Brown baronets of Edinburgh (1710): see Adam Brown of Blackford

Brown baronets of Westminster (1732)

Brown baronets of Richmond Hill (1863)

Brown baronets of Broome Hall (1903): see Pigott-Brown baronets

Brown baronets of Westminster (1732)
The Brown baronetcy, of the City and Liberty of Westminster, was created in the Baronetage of Great Britain on 11 March 1732 for Robert Brown, an Irish merchant at Venice and Member of Parliament for Ilchester. A special remainder was made, to his two brothers.

Brown died in 1760 and the baronetcy devolved according to the special remainder to his nephew James, son of Colonel James Brown. On the death of the 3rd Baronet, the latter's son, the title became extinct in 1830.
1999 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 200 metre backstroke
The men's 200 metre backstroke competition at the 1999 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 26–27 at the Sydney International Aquatic Centre.  The last champion was Lenny Krayzelburg of US.

This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, all in backstroke.

Sydney Olympic Park Aquatic Centre
The Sydney Olympic Park Aquatic Centre (SOPAC), formerly Sydney International Aquatic Centre (SIAC), is a swimming venue located in the Sydney Olympic Park in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Built in 1994, the SOPAC was a major venue for the 2000 Summer Olympics as it hosted the swimming, diving, synchronized swimming, the medal events for water polo, and the swimming portion of the modern pentathlon competitions. The SOPAC has since been a host venue for numerous schools and swimming associations around New South Wales. Currently, it has most notably been the venue for the annual CAS Swimming Championships. It is also scheduled to be the site of the 2022 Duel in the Pool. The SOPAC also includes a swim shop at the entry of the arena, a play area, a health club and operates swimming classes for all ages.

The arena currently holds 10,000 people. Capacity was boosted to 17,000 during the 2000 Summer Olympics.
Varg Støvland
Varg Ringdal Støvland (born 23 January 1996) is a Norwegian footballer who plays as a midfielder or defender for Frigg.

Hailing from Larvik, he started his youth career in Nanset and Fram before joining Sandefjord's youth section in 2013. He made his first-team debut in the 2014 Norwegian Football Cup in and his first-team league debut in 2015. In 2017, he was loaned out to Fram and Halsen, continuing in Halsen in 2018.

In 2019 he moved to Oslo and Frigg.

IF Fram Larvik
Idrettsforeningen Fram, better known as Fram Larvik to distinguish it from other sport clubs, is a sports club from Torstrand in Larvik, Norway. It has sections for association football, athletics, handball and speed skating.
Tsʻai Wen-Chi (crater)
Tsʻai Wen-Chi is an impact crater on the planet Mercury. It is located northwest of the larger Rodin crater.  It is named for the Chinese composer Cai Yan. Its name was approved by the International Astronomical Union in 1976.  The crater was first imaged by Mariner 10 in 1974.

Tsʻai Wen-Chi contains hollows.

Mariner 10
Mariner 10 was an American robotic space probe launched by NASA on 3 November 1973, to fly by the planets Mercury and Venus. It was the first spacecraft to visit Mercury and the first to perform a flyby of multiple planets.

Mariner 10 was launched approximately two years after Mariner 9 and was the last spacecraft in the Mariner program. (Mariner 11 and Mariner 12 were allocated to the Voyager program and redesignated Voyager 1 and Voyager 2.)

The mission objectives were to measure Mercury's environment, atmosphere, surface, and body characteristics and to make similar investigations of Venus. Secondary objectives were to perform experiments in the interplanetary medium and to obtain experience with a dual-planet gravity assist mission. Mariner 10's science team was led by Bruce C. Murray at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.