hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Apas Jumagulov
Apas Jumagulovich Jumagulov (Kyrgyz: Апас Жумагул уулу Жумагулов; born 19 September 1934) served as the Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan from 14 December 1993 to 24 March 1998.

He studied geology and mineralogy at the Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas in Moscow and began his political career in the Communist Party of the Kyrgyz SSR in 1973, becoming a Secretary in the Central Committee of the Party in 1979 and President of Council of Ministers of Kyrgyz SSR in 1986. Jumagulov and Absamat Masaliyev were the two original candidates for the Kyrgyz Presidency on 25 October 1990, but neither could get the majority of votes, so the Republic's Supreme Soviet chose Askar Akayev to be the first President on 27 October 1990. Jumagulov served as the ambassador to Germany from 1998 to 2003, and to Russia from 2005 to 2007.

Communist Party of Kirghizia
The Communist Party of Kirghizia (Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан Коммунисттик партиясы, romanized: Kyrgyzstan Kommunisttik partiasy) was the ruling political party in the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic, which operated as a republican branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
Little Beaver Creek (Missouri)
Little Beaver Creek is a stream in Douglas, Christian and Taney counties of southern Missouri.

The stream headwaters arise in northwestern Douglas County on the east flank of Keyger Mountain just west of Missouri Route AK to the northwest of Arden and south of Dogwood and about nine miles west-northwest of Ava. The stream flows south to southwest through western Douglas County. It is bridged by Missouri Route T just east of Merritt and Route DD west of Cross Roads. The stream then enters the Mark Twain National Forest. In the southwest corner of Douglas County the stream meanders for a short span into and out of southeast Christian County, back into Douglas and immediately south into Taney County. In northern Taney County the stream runs parallel to Missouri Route 125 for about one mile before joining Beaver Creek just northeast of Bradleyville. The stream source is at an elevation of approximately 1490 feet and the elevation of the confluence is 814 feet.

Ava, Missouri
Ava is a city in and the county seat of Douglas County, Missouri, United States, that is the only incorporated city in the county. The population was 2,894 at the 2020 census.  The city was founded in 1871. It was renamed Ava in 1881, the town's original name having been Militia Springs.
Álvaro Negredo
Álvaro Negredo Sánchez (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈalβaɾo neˈɣɾeðo ˈsantʃeθ]; born 20 August 1985) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a striker.

Nicknamed La fiera de Vallecas (The beast of Vallecas), he amassed totals of 361 matches and 128 goals over 12 La Liga seasons, for Almería, Sevilla, Valencia and Cádiz, while winning the Copa del Rey with the second of those teams in 2010. Abroad, he played in the Premier League for Manchester City – lifting the league and League Cup in 2014 – and Middlesbrough, as well as representing Beşiktaş in Turkey and Al-Nasr in the United Arab Emirates.

Negredo earned 21 caps for Spain, scoring ten goals and being part of the team that won Euro 2012.

UAE League Cup
The UAE League Cup (Arabic: كأس رابطة المحترفين الإماراتية) is a knockout tournament for clubs in the UAE Pro-League. The first edition of the tournament was played in the 2008–2009 season.

In the 2008–09 season, UAE League Cup replaced the UAE Federation Cup and became a second tier tournament, initially under the name of Etisalat Cup in 2008–2013 and Arabian Gulf Cup in 2013–2021 for sponsorship reasons.
Apotex Inc v Sanofi-Synthelabo Canada Inc
Apotex Inc v Sanofi-Synthelabo Canada Inc, [2008] 3 S.C.R. 265, 2008 SCC 61, is a leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on the novelty and non-obviousness requirements for a patent in Canada. The Court rejected a challenge by the generic drug manufacturer Apotex to declare Synthelabo Canada's patent for Plavix, an anti-coagulant drug, invalid.  At issue was whether selection patents are invalid in principle, and if they are not, whether the subject selection patent was invalid on the grounds of anticipation, obviousness or double patenting.

Double patenting
Double patenting is the granting of two patents for a single invention, to the same proprietor and in the same country or countries. According to the European Patent Office, it is an accepted principle in most patent systems that two patents cannot be granted to the same applicant for one invention. However, the threshold for double patenting varies from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
Modou Diagne
Modou Makhtar Diagne (born 3 January 1994) is a Senegalese professional footballer who plays as a centre-back.

As a youth, he was capped for the France U20 team, but switched to Senegal U23 team for the 2015 Africa U-23 Cup of Nations. He also holds French citizenship.

French Football Federation
The French Football Federation (abbr. FFF and 3F; or Triple F; French: Fédération Française de Football, pronounced [fedeʁɑsjɔ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛːz də futbol]) is the governing body of football in France. It was formed in 1919 and is based in the capital, Paris. The FFF is a founding member of FIFA and is responsible for overseeing all aspects of the game of football in France, both professional and amateur. The French Football Federation is a founding member of UEFA and joined FIFA in 1907 after replacing the USFSA, who were founding members.
Outline of the Philippines
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Philippines:

Philippines – archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. In the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of 7,641 islands which are broadly categorized in three main geographical divisions from north to south: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. The Philippines is bounded by the South China Sea to the west, the Philippine Sea to the east, and the Celebes Sea to the south. It shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north, Japan to the northeast, Palau to the east and southeast, Indonesia to the south, Malaysia to the southwest, Vietnam to the west, and China to the northwest.

Suntukan
Suntukan is the fist-related striking component of Filipino martial arts. In the central Philippine island region of Visayas, it is known as Pangamot or Pakamot and Sumbagay. It is also known as Mano-mano and often referred to in Western martial arts circles of Inosanto lineage as Panantukan. Although it is also called Filipino Boxing, this article pertains to the Filipino martial art and should not be confused with the Western sport of boxing as practiced in the Philippines.
Clorprenaline
Clorprenaline (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name, USANTooltip United States Adopted Name, BANTooltip British Approved Name), also known as isoprophenamine and known as clorprenaline hydrochloride (USANTooltip United States Adopted Name, JANTooltip Japanese Accepted Name) in the case of the hydrochloride salt, is a sympathomimetic and bronchodilator medication which is marketed in Japan. It acts as a β-adrenergic receptor agonist or as a β-sympathomimetic. Brand names of clorprenaline in Japan are numerous and include Asnormal, Bazarl, Bronchon, Clopinerin, Conselt, Cosmoline, Fusca, Kalutein, Pentadoll, Restanolon, and Troberin. The drug was first described in the literature by 1956.

British Approved Name
A British Approved Name (BAN) is the official, non-proprietary, or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as defined in the British Pharmacopoeia (BP). The BAN is also the official name used in some countries around the world, because starting in 1953, proposed new names were evaluated by a panel of experts from WHO in conjunction with the BP commission  to ensure naming consistency worldwide (an effort leading to the International Nonproprietary Name system). There is also a British Approved Name (Modified) (BANM).
Mathias Pala
Mathias Pala (born 14 June 1989) is a French rugby league footballer who plays as a centre for RC Baho XIII in the Elite Two Championship. He previously played for the Catalans Dragons in the Super League and their feeder club Saint-Esteve XIII Catalan in the Elite One Championship and English club Leigh Centurions.

Saint-Estève XIII Catalan
Saint-Estève XIII Catalan are a semi-professional rugby league team based in Perpignan in the region of Pyrénées-Orientales in the south of France.

Founded in 2006 following the transfer of Catalans Dragons from the French to British rugby league system, the club plays in the Super XIII (the top tier rugby league competition in France), and effectively replaced Catalans Dragons in the French league, and thus is, in effect, Catalans Dragons reserves.

The club takes its name from  AS Saint-Estève and XIII Catalan, the two clubs that merged to form Catalans Dragons. They have won the league title once and the cup four times. Their current home stadium is the Stade Municipal and they are coached by Jerome Guisset
A School for Grown Children
A School for Grown Children is an 1827 comedy play by the British writer Thomas Morton. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London on 9 January 1827. The original cast included Charles Kemble as Sir Arthur Stanmore, William Farren as Old Revel, Thomas James Serle as Frank Reyland, Tyrone Power as Dexter, Robert Keeley as Buttercup, Eliza Chester as Lady Stanmore, Louisa Chatterley as Mrs Revel, Julia Glover as Dame Ryland and Mary Gossop Vining as Miss Raven. It enjoyed success, running for 24 nights.

Robert Keeley (comedian)
Robert Keeley (1793 – 3 February 1869) was an English actor-manager, comedian and female impersonator of the nineteenth century. In 1823 he originated the role of 'Fritz' in Presumption; or, the Fate of Frankenstein, the first known stage adaptation of Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein.
DIJ
DIJ or dij can refer to:

Death in June, an English neofolk band

Driggs–Reed Memorial Airport, an airport in Driggs, Idaho, U.S.

Dai language (Austronesian), an Austronesian language spoken in Dai Island, Indonesia, by ISO 639 code

German Institute for Japanese Studies, a research institute

Distal interphalangeal joints, part of the interphalangeal joints of the hand

German Institute for Japanese Studies
The German Institute for Japanese Studies (DIJ Tokyo, German: Deutsches Institut für Japanstudien) is a German government-funded research institute based in Tokyo, focused on the study of modern Japan in a global context. The director is Franz Waldenberger (since 2014).
Boundary Bay, British Columbia
Named for, and located adjacent to the bay of the same name, Boundary Bay is a residential neighbourhood in the community of Tsawwassen (Delta, British Columbia, Canada). Directly south of the neighbourhood, and across the international border, is the residential neighbourhood of Maple Beach, Washington, in Point Roberts, Washington.   The traditional name of the location in the Downriver dialect of the Halkomelem language is Chiltinm or Chiltenm. The Boundary Bay Airport is a notable inclusion in this area.

Delta, British Columbia
Delta is a city in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia, Canada, and part of Greater Vancouver. Located on the Fraser Lowland south of Fraser River's south arm, it is bordered by the city of Richmond on Lulu Island to the north, New Westminster to the northeast, Surrey to the east, the Boundary Bay and the American pene-exclave Point Roberts to the south, and the Strait of Georgia to the west.

Encompassing the nearby Annacis Island, Deas Island and Westham Island, Delta is mostly rural and officially composed of three distinct communities: North Delta, Ladner and Tsawwassen.
First Biker War
From 1977 to 1984, the Hells Angels and the Outlaws Motorcycle Club fought what came to be known in Canada as the First Biker War. The Angels emerged victorious. As the Outlaws retreated into their Ontario stronghold, the Angels began consolidating their activities and expanding, moving into port cities Halifax, Nova Scotia and Vancouver, British Columbia. The conflict is known in Canada as the "First Biker War", but the first large conflict between bikers in Canada, was the Satan's Choice-Popeyes War which occurred from 1974 to 1976.

Laval, Quebec
Laval is a city in Quebec, Canada. It is in the southwest of the province, north of Montreal. It is the largest suburb of Montreal, the third-largest city in the province after Montreal and Quebec City, and the thirteenth largest city in Canada, with a population of 443,192 in 2021.

Laval is geographically separated from the mainland to the north by the Rivière des Mille Îles, and from the Island of Montreal to the south by the Rivière des Prairies. Laval occupies all of Île Jésus as well as the Îles Laval.

Laval constitutes one of the 17 administrative regions of Quebec, with a region code of 13, as well as a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) with geographical code 65. It also constitutes the judicial district of Laval. It is the smallest administrative region in the province by area.
Baennori
Baennori (Korean: 뱃놀이) is a ritual of artwork appreciation on boats. It means "to appreciate artwork while boating", which was mainly held by yangban, who were the privileged classes of the Joseon period. Baennori for the aristocratic classes can be divided into two types: The Sojourn, where people would stay on the boat in a specific area; and Excursion, where people would move around in their boats over a relatively long period. Baennori does not mean just sitting still on a scenic boat but also enjoying music, poetry, and painting. It also involved drinking and partaking in ad-lib poetry on boats. Baennori was influential since it involved leaving home to travel to places in nature while appreciating arts. It illustrated how the yangban appreciated arts.

Yangban
The yangban (Korean: 양반; Hanja: 兩班; IPA: [ja̠ŋba̠n]) were part of the traditional ruling class or gentry of dynastic Korea during the Joseon period. The yangban were mainly composed of highly educated civil officials and military officers—landed or unlanded aristocrats who individually exemplified the Korean Confucian form of a "scholarly official". They were largely government administrators and bureaucrats who oversaw medieval and early modern Korea's traditional agrarian bureaucracy until the end of the dynasty in 1897. In a broader sense, an office holder's family and descendants, as well as country families who claimed such descent, were socially accepted as yangban.

In contemporary Korean language, the term yangban can be used either as a compliment or insult.
Pro-Cathedral of Ghardaïa
The Pro-Cathedral of Ghardaïa (French: Pro-cathédrale de Ghardaïa), or simply Cathedral of Ghardaia, is a Roman Catholic church located in the town of Ghardaïa, Ghardaïa Province, Algeria. It succeeded an old Catholic cathedral dedicated to Saint-Hilarion in Laghouat which was secularized.

The pro-cathedral, or temporary cathedral of his jurisdiction, follows the Roman or Latin liturgical rite. It serves as the seat of the Diocese of Laghouat (Dioecesis Laghuatensis), which was established by decision of Pope Pius XII by bull Dum Tantis.

The church is under the pastoral responsibility of Bishop John MacWilliam.

Ritual family
Rites (Latin: ritus), liturgical rites, and ritual families within Christian liturgy refer to the families of liturgies, rituals, prayers, and other practices historically connected to a place, denomination, or group. Rites often interact with one another, such as in liturgical Latinization, and contain subsets known as uses. There are two broad categories which ritual families fall into: Latin or Western rites associated with Western Christianity and Eastern rites associated with Eastern Christianity. The most common rite is the Roman Rite, itself a Latin liturgical rite and further subdivided into several uses.
Jordan Morris
Jordan Perry Morris (born October 26, 1994) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a winger or forward for Major League Soccer club Seattle Sounders FC. He grew up on Mercer Island, Washington, and joined the Sounders youth academy before playing college soccer at Stanford University.

Morris won the Hermann Trophy in his senior season at Stanford and was called up to the United States national team, scoring in a friendly against Mexico. He signed for Seattle's senior team in 2016 as a Homegrown Player, winning an MLS Cup in his rookie season and a second title in 2019. Morris was loaned to EFL Championship side Swansea City in early 2021, but returned after four matches due to an ACL tear.

In 2025, Morris passed up former teammate Raúl Ruidíaz for the most goals in Seattle Sounders FC history with a total of 87 goals.

MLS Young Player of the Year Award
The MLS Young Player of the Year Award (known as the Rookie of the Year Award from 1996 to 2019) is an annual award given to the top player in Major League Soccer under the age of 22.

The award was initially awarded to a rookie, or a player who no prior professional experience, usually to players that had previously played in MLS youth team academies or played college soccer. This practice is fairly common in other American sports leagues, such as the MLB Rookie of the Year (baseball), NASCAR Rookie of the Year (motorsports), NFL Rookie of the Year Award (American football), the Eddie Gottlieb Trophy (basketball), and the Calder Memorial Trophy (ice hockey).

In 2020, MLS replaced the Rookie of the Year Award with the MLS Young Player of the Year Award, given to the best player in the league aged 22 and under, regardless of prior professional playing experience.
Hylarana chitwanensis
Hylarana chitwanensis is a species of frog in the family Ranidae endemic to Nepal. Its type locality is in the Chitwan National Park. Earlier reports from India are erroneous although it is likely to occur there.

Hylarana chitwanensis is a lowland species, occurring at altitudes less than 500 m (1,600 ft) asl in the Himalayan foothills. Its natural habitats are terai grasslands, bushes and tropical Shorea forests. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by logging and dam construction. The Hylarana is distributed across tropical Australia, Southeast Asia, and Africa.

Chitwan National Park
Chitwan National Park is the first national park of Nepal. It was established in 1973 as the Royal Chitwan National Park and was granted the status of a World Heritage Site in 1984. It covers an area of 952.63 km2 (367.81 sq mi) in the Terai of south-central Nepal. It ranges in elevation from about 100 m (330 ft) in the river valleys to 815 m (2,674 ft) in the Sivalik Hills.
Champagne Boizel
49°02′31″N 3°57′49″E﻿ / ﻿49.0419255°N 3.963587°E﻿ / 49.0419255; 3.963587

Champagne Boizel is a Champagne producer based in the Épernay region of Champagne. The house, founded in 1834, produces both vintage and non-vintage cuvee as well as a blanc de blancs Chardonnay Champagne and a rosé.

Épernay
Épernay (French pronunciation: [epɛʁnɛ]) is a commune in the Marne department of northern France, 130 km (80 miles) north-east of Paris on the mainline railway to Strasbourg. The town sits on the left bank of the Marne at the extremity of the Cubry valley which crosses it.

Épernay is a sub-prefecture of the department and seat of an arrondissement.
Mojib-Ribbon
Mojib-Ribbon is a 2003 music video game developed by NanaOn-Sha and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. It was released only in Japan, and is similar in gameplay to Vib-Ribbon, NanaOn-Sha's previous game.

Mojib-Ribbon focuses the gameplay on the player's interaction with the lyrics. As such, the music employed in the game is heavily lyrics-oriented rap music. The game's art-style is centered on traditional sumi-e and Japanese kana calligraphy. This has led to claims that the game is incomprehensible to non-Japanese audiences, however the simplicity of gameplay have allowed numerous import gamers to enjoy the game as well, and guides exist online regarding menu navigation instructions for non-Japanese speakers.

Import game
Import gamers are a subset of the video game player community that take part in the practice of playing video games from another region, usually from Japan and Europe, where the majority of games for certain systems originate.
Anacardium othonianum
Anacardium othonianum is a tree native from the tropical savanna (cerrado) region of Brazil, whose fruit is similar to (but smaller than) that of the common cashew tree (A. occidentale) of the Brazilian Northeast.  It is locally known by the Tupi-derived name cajuí, and by the Portuguese names caju-de-árvore-do-cerrado ("tree cashew of the cerrado"), caju-vermelho-de-goiás ("red cashew from Goiás"), cajuzinho-do-cerrado or just cajuzinho ("little cashew").

The species name honors Brazilian botanist Othon Xavier de Brito Machado.

Fruit preserves
Fruit preserves are preparations of fruits whose main preserving agent is sugar and sometimes acid, often stored in glass jars and used as a condiment or spread.

There are many varieties of fruit preserves globally, distinguished by the method of preparation, type of fruit used, and its place in a meal. Sweet fruit preserves such as jams, jellies, and marmalades are often eaten at breakfast with bread or as an ingredient of a pastry or dessert, whereas more savory and acidic preserves made from "vegetable fruits" such as tomato, squash or zucchini, are eaten alongside savory foods such as cheese, cold meats, and curries.
Project Runway Philippines season 2
The second season of Project Runway Philippines premiered on August 12, 2009, on cable network ETC and UHF station Southern Broadcasting Network.  Model and actress Teresa Herrera returns as the program's host, while fashion designers Jojie Lloren and Rajo Laurel renew their mentorship and judging duties respectively, with top model and fashion columnist Apples Aberin completing the judging panel.

Thirteen (13) designers from all over the Philippines compete in weekly fashion design challenges to earn a spot in Philippine Fashion Week. The winner of this season will receive P500,000 (around US$10,400), an editorial spread in Preview magazine, a start-up business package, and a summer scholarship from Istituto Marangoni, which is the European partner of School of Fashion and the Arts.

Istituto Marangoni
The Istituto Marangoni is a private Italian school of fashion and design. It is based in Milan, in Lombardy in northern Italy, and has branches in Florence, London and Paris, Shanghai and Shenzhen in China, Mumbai in India, and Miami in the United States.

It is now part of Europe's largest higher education provider Galileo Global Education, which is headquartered in Paris, along with the Regent's University London, the Paris School of Business, the European University Cyprus, the Universidad de Ciencias Médicas or the PFH Private University of Applied Sciences.
Alto del Buitre
Alto del Buitre is a mountain of the Sierra Palomera range, Valencian Community, Spain. It reaches an elevation of 1,146.25 metres (3,760.7 ft) above sea level. There is a triangulation station at the top marked "5195".

It is located within the Ayora municipal term, rising 15 km SE of the town. The summit offers a good view of the surrounding landscape and is popular with hikers.

There were fierce combats in the area of the Alto del Buitre in 1938 during the Levante Offensive of the Spanish Civil War.

There are mountains named "Alto del Buitre" in Colombia and in Chile as well. The name means "High Place of the Vulture" in Spanish.

Triangulation station
A triangulation station, also known as a trigonometrical point, and sometimes informally as a trig, is a fixed surveying station, used in geodetic surveying and other surveying projects in its vicinity.

The station is usually set up by a mapping organisation with known coordinates and elevation published. Numerous stations are installed on summits for purposes of visibility and prominence. A graven metal plate on the top of a pillar may provide a mounting point for a theodolite or reflector, often using some form of kinematic coupling to ensure reproducible positioning.