hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Criminal records in the United States
Criminal records in the United States contain records of arrests, criminal charges and the disposition of those charges. Criminal records are compiled and updated on local, state, and federal levels by government agencies, most often law enforcement agencies. Their primary purpose is to present a comprehensive criminal history for a specific individual.

Criminal records may be used for many purposes, including for background checks for purposes of employment, security clearance, adoption, immigration to the United States, and licensing. Criminal records may be useful for identifying suspects within the course of a criminal investigation. They may be used for enhanced sentencing in criminal prosecutions.

Criminal procedure
Criminal procedure is the adjudication process of the criminal law. While criminal procedure differs dramatically by jurisdiction, the process generally begins with a formal criminal charge with the person on trial either being free on bail or incarcerated, and results in the conviction or acquittal of the defendant. Criminal procedure can be either in form of inquisitorial or adversarial criminal procedure.
South Forest, Tasmania
South Forest is a rural locality in the local government area (LGA) of Circular Head in the North-west and west LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) east of the town of Smithton. The 2016 census recorded a population of 101 for the state suburb of South Forest.

Local government areas of Tasmania
The councils of Tasmania are the 29 local administrative units of the Australian state of Tasmania. Local government areas (LGAs), more generally known as councils, are the tier of government responsible for the management of local duties such as road maintenance, town planning and waste management.
Gene Bellinger
Gene Bellinger (born March 9, 1948) is an American organizational theorist, systems thinker, and consultant, known for his work on systems thinking and knowledge management.

Bellinger obtained his BS in Physics and Computer Science from the Miami University in 1975, where he had started his studies in 1971. He started his career in industry and was Marketing Manager at Honeywell from 1983 to 1992. He started as independent consultant in 1992 working in the field of knowledge management, and from 1997 to 2005 manager Operations & Finance at the management consultancy firm Outsights. In 2009 he started the Systems Thinking World initiative, which he hosts ever since.

Systems thinking
Systems thinking is a way of making sense of the complexity of the world by looking at it in terms of wholes and relationships rather than by splitting it down into its parts. It has been used as a way of exploring and developing effective action in complex contexts, enabling systems change. Systems thinking draws on and contributes to systems theory and the system sciences.
Isaac Elijah Landau
Isaac Elijah ben Samuel Landau (1801–December 6, 1876) was a Jewish-Russian preacher, exegete, and communal worker born at Vilna. At the age of 18 he settled at Dubno, his wife's native town, where he carried on a prosperous business. On Saturdays and holy days he used to preach in the synagogues, attracting large audiences. Owing to his eloquence Landau was chosen by the communities of Volhynia as member of the rabbinical commission appointed by the emperor in 1861, which necessitated his remaining for five months in St. Petersburg. In 1868 he was called to Vilna as preacher and dayan, which office he held till his death. At Vilna he established a kosher kitchen for Jewish soldiers.

Beth din
A beth din (Hebrew: בֵּית דִּין, romanized: Bēṯ Dīn, Beit Din, lit. 'house of judgment', [beːθ ˈdiːn], Ashkenazic: beis din, plural: batei din) is a rabbinical court of Judaism. A hearing held before a beth din is called a din Torah (Hebrew: דין תורה, romanized: din Torah, lit. 'Torah law', plural dinei Torah). A beth din can be found both in Israel and in many Jewish diaspora communities.

A ruling (Hebrew: פסק, romanized: psak) from a beth din is based upon Jewish law (Hebrew: הלכה, romanized: halakha), though other legal systems are occasionally incorporated. Because it is not part of secular legal systems, when a case overlaps with secular courts its judgment is not always recognized by such courts.
Wasenhorn (Bernese Alps)
The Wasenhorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located north of Blitzingen in the canton of Valais. It lies on the range south of the Oberaarrothorn, that separates the valley of the Fiescher Glacier from the main Rhone valley.

Blitzingen
Blitzingen is a former municipality in the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017 the former municipalities of Blitzingen, Grafschaft, Münster-Geschinen, Niederwald and Reckingen-Gluringen merged into the municipality of Goms.
Churchill-class submarine
The three  Churchill class, sometimes known as the Repeat Valiant-class submarines were nuclear-powered fleet submarines which served with the Royal Navy from the 1970s until the early 1990s.  The Churchill class was based on the older Valiant class, but featured many internal improvements.

The lead vessel was named after the former Prime Minister and First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill. HMS Conqueror was the most famous of the class, sinking the Argentinian cruiser ARA General Belgrano during the 1982 Falklands War. As of 2024, this is the only instance of a nuclear-powered submarine of any nation sinking an enemy ship by torpedo.

Nuclear marine propulsion
Nuclear marine propulsion is propulsion of a ship or submarine with heat provided by a nuclear reactor. The power plant heats water to produce steam for a turbine used to turn the ship's propeller through a gearbox or through an electric generator and motor. Nuclear propulsion is used primarily within naval warships such as nuclear submarines and supercarriers. A small number of experimental civil nuclear ships have been built.

Compared to oil- or coal-fuelled ships, nuclear propulsion offers the advantage of very long intervals of operation before refueling. All the fuel is contained within the nuclear reactor, so no cargo or supplies space is taken up by fuel, nor is space taken up by exhaust stacks or combustion air intakes. The low fuel cost is offset by high operating costs and investment in infrastructure, however, so nearly all nuclear-powered vessels are military.
Trisha Bailey
Trisha M. Bailey is a Jamaican former student-athlete, philanthropist, and education activist. She represented UConn Huskies in cross country and track and field. She was the recipient of Luminary Awards in 2022 at the 29th Caribbean American Heritage Awards.

She is best known for her philanthropist activities which include donations to University of Connecticut, Portland, and improving education and development in Jamaica.

A report by Television Jamaica concluded that she is the “Richest Woman in Jamaica”.

UConn Huskies
The UConn Huskies (or Connecticut Huskies) are the intercollegiate athletic teams that represent the University of Connecticut, with its main campus located in Storrs, Connecticut. The school is a member of the NCAA's Division I and the Big East Conference.

The university's athletic teams mainly play at on-campus facilities, but the football team plays at Rentschler Field in East Hartford, and the men's and women's basketball teams share their home court designation at Harry A. Gampel Pavilion on-campus and at the PeoplesBank Arena in Hartford.
Barbara Brooks Wallace
Barbara Brooks Wallace (December 3, 1922 – November 27, 2018) was an American children's writer.  She won the NLAPW Children's Book Award and International Youth Library "Best of the Best" for Claudia (2001) and William Allen White Children's Book Award for Peppermints in the Parlor (1983).

International Youth Library
The International Youth Library (IYL) (Internationale Jugendbibliothek, IJB) in Munich is a library that specializes in the collection of children and youth literature from around the world in order to make them available to the public, focusing on the international community. This library is the largest of its kind worldwide, and has been operating since June 1983, in Blutenburg Castle in the Munich district Obermenzing, before this time the library was located in Schwabing.
Aglossa steralis
Aglossa steralis is a species of snout moth in the genus Aglossa. It was described by Cajetan Felder, Rudolf Felder and Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer in 1875 and is known from South Africa (it was described from Grahamtown).

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
Camden College
Camden College is the name of:

Camden College (Congregational Church school), Glebe, New South Wales, Australia

Camden College (fictional college), a fictional liberal arts college based on Bennington College

Camden County College, a public community college located in Camden County, New Jersey

Bennington College
Bennington College is a private liberal arts college in Bennington, Vermont, United States. Founded as a women’s college in 1932, it became co-educational in 1969. It is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.
Frank Muller (astronomer)
Frank Muller (September 10, 1862 – April 19, 1917) was an American astronomer.

From 1885 he worked in the Leander McCormick Observatory as an assistant to Ormond Stone and Francis Preserved Leavenworth.

He discovered ~100 astronomical objects, from NGC catalog and Index catalog, for example NGC 17 in 1886.

McCormick Observatory
The Leander McCormick Observatory is one of the astronomical observatories operated by the Department of Astronomy of the University of Virginia, and is situated just outside Charlottesville, Virginia (US) in Albemarle County on the summit of Mount Jefferson (also known as Observatory Hill). It is named for Leander J. McCormick (1819–1900), who provided the funds for the telescope and observatory.
Andrey Goncharenko
Andrey Nikolaevich Goncharenko (Russian: Андрей Николаевич Гончаренко) is a Russian billionaire businessman, the former CEO of a Gazprom subsidiary, and the owner of four central London houses bought for a total of £250 million, including Hanover Lodge, "the UK’s most expensive home", for £120 million.

Billionaire
A billionaire is a person whose net worth is at least one billion units of a given currency, typically USD. It is a sub-category of the concept of the ultra high-net-worth individual. The American business magazine Forbes produces a global list of known U.S. dollar billionaires every year and updates an internet version of this list in real time. The American oil magnate John D. Rockefeller became the world's first confirmed billionaire in 1916.

Nineteen individuals had attained the status of centibillionaires, each with a net worth of at least $100 billion, as of January 2026. As of March 2025, there are 3028 billionaires worldwide, with a combined wealth of over $16.1 trillion, up nearly $2 trillion over 2024.
Valley of the Gods
The Valley of the Gods is a scenic sandstone valley near Mexican Hat in San Juan County, southeastern Utah, United States. Part of Bears Ears National Monument, the Valley of the Gods is located north of Monument Valley across the San Juan River and has rock formations similar to those in Monument Valley with tall, reddish brown mesas, buttes, towers and mushroom rocks, remnants of an ancient landscape. On December 4, 2017, President Donald Trump issued a proclamation that reduced the area of Bears Ears National Monument, proclaimed by President Barack Obama on December 28, 2016, with new monument boundaries that exclude the Valley of the Gods. The area remains protected public land administered as an Area of Critical Environmental Concern and managed by the Bureau of Land Management, as it was before the monument designation.

Mesa
A mesa is an isolated, flat-topped elevation, ridge, or hill, bounded from all sides by steep escarpments and standing distinctly above a surrounding plain. Mesas consist of flat-lying soft sedimentary rocks, such as shales, capped by a resistant layer of harder rock, like sandstone or limestone, forming a caprock that protects the flat summit. The caprock may also include dissected lava flows or eroded duricrust.

Unlike a plateau, which is a broader, elevated region that may not have horizontal bedrock (e.g., Tibetan Plateau), a mesa is defined by flat-lying strata and steep-sided isolation. Large, flat-topped plateaus with horizontal strata, less isolated and often part of extensive plateau systems, are called tablelands. A butte is a smaller, eroded mesa with a limited summit, while a cuesta has a gentle dip slope and one steep escarpment due to tilted strata.
Drzewiecki
Drzewiecki (feminine: Drzewiecka; plural: Drzewieccy) is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andy Drzewiecki (born 1947), English weightlifter

Gary Drzewiecki (born 1954), American businessman and politician

Jerzy Drzewiecki (1902–1990), Polish aeroplane constructor

Karol Drzewiecki (born 1995), Polish tennis player

Mirosław Drzewiecki (born 1956), Polish politician

Piotr Drzewiecki (footballer) (1950–2022), Polish footballer

Piotr Drzewiecki (mayor) (1865–1943), Polish politician

Ron Drzewiecki (1933–2015), American football player

Stanisław Drzewiecki (born 1987), Polish pianist

Stefan Drzewiecki (1844–1938), Polish scientist

Zbigniew Drzewiecki (1890–1971), Polish pianist

Stefan Drzewiecki
Stefan Drzewiecki (Polish: [ˈstɛfan d͡ʐɛˈvjɛt͡skʲi]; Russian: Джеве́цкий Степа́н Ка́рлович (Казими́рович); Ukrainian: Джеве́цький Степа́н Ка́рлович (Казими́рович); 26 July 1844, Kunka (ru), Podolia, Russian Empire (today Kunka (uk), Ukraine) – 23 April 1938, Paris) was a Polish scientist,  journalist, engineer, constructor and inventor, known for designing and constructing the world's first electric-powered submarine. He worked mainly in France and the Russian Empire.

He built the first submarine in the world with electric battery-powered propulsion in 1884. He also independently developed the blade element theory (BET), a mathematical process used to determine the behavior of propellers.
I'll Follow the Sun
"I'll Follow the Sun" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles. It is a ballad written and sung by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney. It was released in 1964 on the Beatles for Sale album in the United Kingdom and on Beatles '65 in the United States. The band played the song on the BBC radio programme Top Gear, and the track was released on On Air – Live at the BBC Volume 2 in 2013.

The song was released as a mono extended play 45 in 1964 on Parlophone/EMI (and in 1995 as a B-side to "Baby It's You"). In Sweden, it reached number one on the Tio i Topp chart in July and also peaked at number four on Sweden's Kvällstoppen Chart.

Beatles '65
Beatles '65 is an album by the English rock band the Beatles that was issued in the United States and Canada in December 1964. Released as the North American alternative to Beatles for Sale, it was the band's fifth studio album culled by Capitol Records in the US from the Beatles' EMI releases. The LP was also issued in West Germany on the Odeon label.

In 2004, Beatles '65 was released on CD for the first time as part of The Capitol Albums, Volume 1 box set. In 2014, the album was reissued on CD, both individually and as part of the box set The U.S. Albums, using the UK mixes as remastered in 2009. In 2024, the album was reissued on vinyl as part of The Beatles: 1964 U.S. Albums in Mono, using the original master tapes rather than the UK mixes.
Queen of the Night aria
"Der Hölle Rache kocht in meinem Herzen" ("Hell's vengeance boils in my heart"), commonly abbreviated "Der Hölle Rache", is an aria sung by the Queen of the Night, a coloratura soprano part, in the second act of Mozart's opera The Magic Flute (Die Zauberflöte). It depicts a fit of vengeful rage in which the Queen of the Night places a knife into the hand of her daughter Pamina and exhorts her to assassinate Sarastro, the Queen's rival, else she will disown and curse Pamina.

Memorable for its multiple upper register staccatos, the fast-paced and menacingly grandiose "Der Hölle Rache" is one of the most famous of all opera arias. This rage aria is often referred to as the Queen of the Night aria, although the Queen sings another distinguished aria earlier in the opera, "O zittre nicht, mein lieber Sohn".

Neue Mozart-Ausgabe
The Neue Mozart-Ausgabe (NMA; English: New Mozart Edition) is the second complete works edition of the music of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. A longer and more formal title for the edition is Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791): Neue Ausgabe sämtlicher Werke [Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791): New Edition of the Complete Works].
Vancouver Asian Film Festival
The Vancouver Asian Film Festival (VAFF) is an annual film festival held in Vancouver, British Columbia for about 4–5 days in November.  Launching in 1996, it is Canada’s oldest Asian film festival, exhibiting films and videos by North American artists of Asian heritage. It was founded in 1995 and debuted in September 1997.

Awards include a juried award for Best Canadian Short. Categories include: Narrative (i.e. drama, comedy, romance), Documentary, Animation, and Experimental.  Visiting artists have included Tzi Ma, Osric Chau, Ham Tran, Justin Lin, Michael Kang and Jessica Yu, as well as BC filmmakers, Mina Shum and Julia Kwan.  The festival has been host to stars such as Grace Park and others.

VAFF is a not-for-profit organization. VAFF is entirely organized and produced by volunteers, with financial support from corporate sponsors, public funders and private donors.

Mina Shum
Mina Shum (born 1966) is an independent Canadian filmmaker. She is a writer and director of award-winning feature films, numerous shorts and has created site specific installations and theatre. Her features, Double Happiness and Long Life, Happiness & Prosperity both premiered in the US at the Sundance Film Festival and Double Happiness won the Wolfgang Staudte Prize for Best First Feature at the Berlin Film Festival and the Audience Award at Torino. She was director resident at the Canadian Film Centre in Toronto. She was also a member of an alternative rock band called Playdoh Republic.
James Walker (Exeter MP)
James Walker (c. 1635–1692), of Exeter, Devon was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in the late 17th century. He was a local landowner and active in municipal affairs in Exeter.

James Walker was born circa 1635, the fourth son of Robert Walker and younger brother of Thomas Walker. He married Dorothy Southcote on 15 August 1676, though she died a year later on  27 August 1677. They had one child together, a daughter.

Walker served as a captain in the Barbados Dragoons, an England-based regiment, from 1672 to 1674. A decade later, he became mayor of Exeter, then served as a Member of the House of Commons under King James II of England. After leaving the position, he served as colonel in Jamaica (1686-1690), as well as governor of Port Royal (1686-1690).

Walker died on 16 January 1692. He is buried at St Mary Arches Church, Exeter.

St Mary Arches Church, Exeter
St Mary Arches Church is a small church in Exeter, Devon, England, which retains many Norman features. It was a place of worship for the Mayor of Exeter and local merchants during the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. The Arches part of the name may come from a medieval arched thoroughfare which was located next to the church.

The church is largely made of red sandstone and is listed as Grade I by Historic England.
Apache PDFBox
Apache PDFBox is an open source pure-Java library that can be used to create, render, print, split, merge, alter, verify and extract text and meta-data of PDF files.

Open Hub reports over 11,000 commits (since the start as an Apache project) by 18 contributors representing more than 140,000 lines of code. PDFBox has a well established, mature codebase maintained by an average size development team with increasing year-over-year commits. Using the COCOMO model, it took an estimated 46 person-years of effort.

COCOMO
The Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO) is a parametric software cost estimation model developed by Barry W. Boehm. The model parameters are derived from fitting a regression formula using data from historical projects (63 projects for COCOMO 81 and 161 projects for COCOMO II).
Paul Girvan
William Paul Girvan (born 6 July 1963) is a retired Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) politician who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for South Antrim from 2017 to 2024. In this role, Girvan was  the DUP's spokesperson for Transport.
He was previously a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for South Antrim from 2003 to 2007, and then from 2010 to 2017.

Ballyclare (District Electoral Area)
Ballyclare is one of the seven district electoral areas (DEA) in Antrim and Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland. The district elects five members to Antrim and Newtownabbey Borough Council and contains the wards of Ballyclare East, Ballyclare West, Ballynure, Ballyrobert and Doagh. Ballyclare forms part of the South Antrim constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1985 local elections, replacing Newtownabbey Area A which had existed since 1973, where it originally contained five wards (Ballyclare North, Ballyclare South, Ballynure, Doagh and Mallusk). For the 1993 local elections it lost Mallusk to Antrim Line DEA, while a new Ballyrobert ward was created within the DEA.
Remie Olmberg
Remie Jacques Olmberg (born August 28, 1950) is a retired Surinamese footballer who played as a defender for SV Robinhood in the Hoofdklasse, and the Suriname national team. He was the team captain for SV Robinhood for a decade during one of the club's most successful periods, having won three national titles and finishing as runners-up in the CONCACAF Champions Cup on three occasions as well. He also won the Surinamese Footballer of the Year award twice.

Kingdom Games
The Kingdom Games (Dutch: Koninkrijksspelen, Papiamento: Weganan di Reino) was a multi-sport event, held every two years between the youth of the countries in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. At the final edition in 2009, these countries were the Netherlands, the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba. The 2010 dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles led to the cancellation of the 2011 and 2013 editions of the Games, and ultimately the Games were discontinued in 2014.

In addition to creating a sportive atmosphere, respect and fraternization were also central themes of the Games. The contact between the countries and their cultures was the main theme.