hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gravel Mountain
Gravel Mountain is a 13,596-foot-elevation (4,144-meter) summit in Hinsdale County, Colorado, United States. It is located nine miles (14 km) southeast of the community of Ouray, on land administered by the Bureau of Land Management. It is situated eight miles (13 km) west of the Continental Divide in the San Juan Mountains which are a subrange of the Rocky Mountains. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into Henson Creek which is part of the Gunnison River watershed. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 2,800 feet (850 meters) above Henson Creek in approximately one mile (1.6 km). Access to the mountain is via the Alpine Loop Back Country Byway. The mountain's toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names, and has been recorded in publications since at least 1906.

Continental Divide of the Americas
The Continental Divide of the Americas (also known as the Great Divide, the Western Divide or simply the Continental Divide; Spanish: Divisoria continental de América, Gran Divisoria) is the principal, and largely mountainous, hydrological divide of the Americas. The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan, and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from those river systems that drain into the Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and Hudson Bay.

Although there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas, the Continental Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes, at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions.
Motozintla
Motozintla (Motozintla de Mendoza) is a city and municipality in the Mexican state of Chiapas in southern Mexico.

Motozintla occupies part of Mexico's border with Guatemala and is adjacent to the municipalities of Siltepec (to the north), Escuintla and Huixtla (to the west), Tuzantán and Tapachula (to the south), and Mazapa de Madero and El Porvenir (to the northeast). It covers an area of 782.5 km2.

As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 69,119, up from 59,875 as of 2005.

The municipality had 416 localities, the largest of which (with 2010 populations in parentheses) were: Motozintla de Mendoza (23,755), classified as urban, and Belisario Domínguez (2,011), classified as rural.

Tapachula
Tapachula de Córdova y Ordóñez, simply known as Tapachula, is a city and municipality located in the far southeast of the state of Chiapas, Mexico, near the Guatemalan border and the Pacific Ocean. Economically, it is one of the most important cities in Chiapas; as capital of the agriculturally-rich Soconusco region, Tapachula also serves as a key port for trade between Mexico and Central America. The area was originally inhabited by the Mam, as a region under the control of the Mam state of Xelaju, but was first established as a city by the Aztecs in the 13th century. Most of its economic importance has come since the late 19th century, with the establishment of coffee plantations. This practice initiated a steady stream of migration and immigration into the area, which continues to this day, and has left the city with a significant Asian and German cultural presence. There is a large Mayan and Nahua population.
Royal New Brunswick Regiment
The Royal New Brunswick Regiment (Carleton & York) (RNBR) is a reserve infantry regiment of the Canadian Army based in New Brunswick. It was formed in 1954 by amalgamation of the Carleton and York Regiment, the New Brunswick Scottish and the North Shore (New Brunswick) Regiment as the New Brunswick Regiment. The "Royal" designation was added in 1956. The Royal New Brunswick Regiment is part of 37 Canadian Brigade Group, 5th Canadian Division. The RNBR holds 65 battle honours, mostly by perpetuation of the regiments it was formed from.

Second Battle of the Somme
The Second Battle of the Somme of 1918 was fought during the First World War on the Western Front from late August to early September, in the basin of the River Somme. It was part of a series of successful counter-offensives in response to the German Spring Offensive, after a pause for redeployment and supply.

The most significant feature of the two 1918 Somme battles was that with the failure of  the first 1918 Somme Battle  (not to be  confused with the   1916 Battle of the Somme) having halted what had begun as a large German offensive, the second formed the central part of the Allies' advance to the Armistice of 11 November.
Arthur Trollope
Arthur Barnard Trollope (31 July 1836 – 22 April 1872) was an English cricketer.

Trollope was educated at Marlborough, Tonbridge and St John's College, Cambridge. He made his first-class debut for Cambridge University against the Cambridge Town and Country Club in 1856. Trollope made one further appearance for the university against the Cambridge Town Club in 1857. While playing for the university, he was severely injured by a catapult, an early bowling machine, and was unable to play in the Varsity match.

In 1861, he represented Hampshire in a single first-class match against the Marylebone Cricket Club. In 1863, he played a single non-first-class match for the newly formed Hampshire County Cricket Club against Surrey.

Trollope died at Cowlam, Yorkshire on 22 April 1872.

Cowlam
Cowlam is a hamlet in the civil parish of Cottam, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England, and in the Yorkshire Wolds. The hamlet is on the B1253 Bridlington to North Grimston road, 17 miles (30 km) north from the county town of Beverley, 2 miles (3 km) east from the village of Sledmere, and 2.5 miles (4 km) north-west from the parish hamlet of Cottam. The hamlet contains eight houses and two farms.
Sawdonia
Sawdonia is an extinct genus of early vascular plants, known from the Upper Silurian to the Lower Carboniferous (430 to 320 million years ago). Sawdonia is best recognized by the large number of spikes (enations) covering the plant. These are vascular plants that do not have vascular systems in their enations. The first species of this genus (Sawdonia ornata) was described in 1859 by Sir J. William Dawson and, was originally attributed to the genus Psilophyton. He named this plant Psilophyton princeps. In 1971 Francis Hueber proposed a new genus for this species due to its "Divergent technical characters from the generic description for Psilophyton." The holotype used for description is Dawson Collection Number 48, pro parte, Museum Specimen Number 3243. (See Dawson 1871, Plate IX, fig 101.) Sir J. William Dawson Collection, Peter Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Enation
Enations are scaly leaflike structures, differing from leaves in their lack of vascular tissue. They are created by some leaf diseases and occur normally on Psilotum. Enations are also found on some early plants such as Rhynia, where they are hypothesized to have aided in photosynthesis.
Geoff Thompson (karateka)
Geoff Thompson MBE DL FRSA is a British karate fighter. He is the winner of multiple European Karate Championships and World Karate Championships medals. Thompson was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 1995 New Year Honours for services to sport, particularly karate. He is the founder and executive chair of the Youth Charter, a charity established in 1993.

Thompson has also been appointed a Deputy Lieutenant of Greater Manchester and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts.

Karate World Championships
The Karate World Championships, also known as the WKF World Karate Championships, are the highest level of competition for karate organized by the World Karate Federation (WKF).  The competition is held in a different city every two years. Championships in the 2000s included Madrid in 2002, Monterrey in 2004, Tampere in 2006, Tokyo in 2008, and Belgrade in 2010. The competition was initially riddled with controversy regarding karate styles and the ruleset.

In 1980, women were first allowed to compete in the championships.
Christmas Island (Jimmy Buffett album)
Christmas Island is Jimmy Buffett's first Christmas album and is his twenty-first studio album overall. It features covers of popular Christmas songs in Buffett's musical stylings as well as two tracks which Buffett wrote for the album. "Twas the Night Before Christmas" is a hidden track. It was his last release with MCA Records.

A Visit from St. Nicholas
"A Visit from St. Nicholas" (often called "The Night Before Christmas" and "'Twas the Night Before Christmas", from its first line) is a poem, first published anonymously under the title "Account of a Visit from St. Nicholas", in 1823. Authorship has been attributed to Clement Clarke Moore, who claimed authorship in 1837; but it has also been suggested that Henry Livingston Jr. wrote it.

The poem has been called "arguably the best-known verses ever written by an American" and is largely responsible for some of the conceptions of Santa Claus from the mid-19th century to today. It has had a massive effect on the history of Christmas gift-giving. Before the poem gained wide popularity, American ideas had varied considerably about Saint Nicholas and other Christmastide visitors. "A Visit from St. Nicholas" was later set to music and has been recorded by several artists.
Daniel V. Maroney
Daniel Vincent Maroney (June 10, 1921 – April 29, 1999) was an American labor union leader.

Born in Notomine, West Virginia, Maroney was educated at Beckley College and Morris Harvey College.  He served with the United States Army during World War II, and again in the Korean War, receiving a Bronze Star.  In 1947, he began working for the Charleston Transit Company, and joined the Amalgamated Transit Union (ATU).  The following year, he moved to work for Atlantic Greyhound Lines.  In 1954, he was elected as president of his local union, serving until 1965, when he was elected as a vice-president of the international union.  During the 1960 United States presidential election, he was a prominent supporter of John F. Kennedy, and remained a friend of the Kennedy family for the rest of his life.

Maroney was elected as president of the ATU in 1973, and as a vice-president of the AFL-CIO in 1979.  In 1981, he was defeated for re-election by John W. Rowland.

Atlantic Greyhound Lines
The Atlantic Greyhound Lines (called also Atlantic or AGL), a highway-coach carrier, was a Greyhound regional operating company, based in Charleston, West Virginia, USA, from 1931 until 1960, when it became merged with the Southeastern Greyhound Lines (called also Southeastern, SEG, SEGL, or the SEG Lines), a neighboring operating company, thus forming the Southern Division of The Greyhound Corporation (the parent Greyhound firm), which division became called also the Southern Greyhound Lines (GL).
Pain d'épices
Pain d'épices (French: [pɛ̃ depis]) or pain d'épice (French for 'spice bread') is a French cake or quick bread. Its ingredients, according to Le Dictionnaire de l'Académie française (1694), were "rye flour, honey and spices". In Alsace, a considerable tradition incorporates a pinch of cinnamon.

Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
The Dictionnaire de l'Académie française (French pronunciation: [diksjɔnɛːʁ də lakademi fʁɑ̃sɛːz]; English: Dictionary of the French academy) is a French language dictionary published by the Académie française.

The Académie française is an institution tasked with establishing rules for the use of the French language, the compilation of a dictionary being one of its primary tasks. Although it makes recommendations for the correct use of French, they carry no legal power, and are frequently disregarded, including by government authorities. The ninth edition was completed in November 2024, and is available online in its entirety along with all previous editions.
Modifier letter
A modifier letter, in the Unicode Standard, is a letter or symbol typically written next to another letter that it modifies in some way.

They generally function like diacritics, changing the sound-values of the letter it is next to (usually the letter preceding it but sometimes the following letter instead). However, unlike diacritics, they do not combine with the character that they modify, but instead are displayed as separate characters on their own, such as subscripts or superscripts.

Like combining characters, they are often used in technical phonetic transcriptional systems to make phonetic distinctions.

Phonetic transcription
Phonetic transcription (also known as phonetic alphabet, phonetic script or phonetic notation) is the visual representation of speech sounds (or phonetics) by means of symbols. The most common type of phonetic transcription uses a phonetic alphabet, such as the International Phonetic Alphabet.
Fly Aeolus
Fly Aeolus is a Belgian limited liability partnership (BV) which offers private jet flights in the form of an air taxi under a fractional ownership model. The company was founded in 2009 in the city of Antwerp, where it still has its headquarters. Other office locations are located in Rotterdam and Berlin. Fly Aeolus is the largest Cirrus SR-22 operator in Europe and flies on-demand to a total of 1,600 airports and airfields on the continent. Among them, Fly Aeolus has aircraft bases in Lyon, Semur-en-Auxois (France), Essen, Kulmbach, Schönhagen, Husum and Strausberg (Germany).

Kulmbach
Kulmbach (German pronunciation: [ˈkʊlmbax] ⓘ) is the capital of the district of Kulmbach in Bavaria in Germany. The town, once a stronghold of the Principality of Bayreuth, is renowned for its University of Life Sciences, a branch of the University of Bayreuth, the massive Plassenburg Castle, which houses the largest tin soldier museum in the world, for its brewery, its vivid food industry, which hosts some of the world's biggest food businesses, and for its sausages, or Bratwürste.
Eleutherodactylus ricordii
Eleutherodactylus ricordii is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae endemic to Cuba. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, and rocky areas. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Eleutherodactylidae
The Eleutherodactylidae are a family of direct-developing frogs native to northern South America, the Caribbean, and southernmost North America. They are sometimes known under the common name rain frogs. Formerly the subfamily Eleutherodactylinae of the family Leptodactylidae, it was raised to the family status following a major revision of New World direct-developing frogs in 2008. As currently defined, the family has more than 200 species (as of 2014, 206 or 207 species).

Eleutherodactylid frogs vary considerably in size, from the minuscule Eleutherodactylus iberia (female snout–vent length 10.5 mm (0.41 in)) to the relative giant E. inoptatus (female snout–vent length 88 mm (3.5 in)). Except for the ovoviviparous E. jasperi, these frogs have direct development:  no free-living tadpole stage exists; instead, eggs develop directly into small froglets.
Annamoe
Annamoe (Irish: Áth na mBó, meaning 'ford of the cows') is a village located on the Avonmore river in County Wicklow, Ireland about 32 km (20 mi) south of Dublin. It is on the R755 road (at the junction with the R763) between Roundwood and Laragh on the road to Glendalough.

The small stone humpback bridge is a common place for tourists to stop and view the County Wicklow scenery. There is a trout fishery in the village with a 4-acre (16,000 m2) lake where one can fly or bait fish. A separate fishing pond for children allows them to catch brown and rainbow trout.

Annamoe and the surrounding countryside is a breeding stronghold of the great spotted woodpecker, Ireland's newest species.

Castle Kevin, close to Annamoe, of which a few ruins survive, was a medieval fort which formed an important part of Dublin city's defences against raids by the O'Toole clan. The constable was an important Crown official.

Humpback bridge
A humpback bridge (or hump bridge) is an arch bridge where the deck follows the curve of the arch, rising from ramps on either side to the crown of the span, forming a hump-like arrangement. Examples include Chinese and Japanese moon bridges and the Humpback Covered Bridge in the United States.

Hump bridges can have restricted visibility of oncoming traffic, and the highway code recommends drivers do not overtake on them.

OpenStreetMap lists over 300 humpback bridges in the UK.
Conrado Roura
Conrado Roura (born 28 February 1996) is an Argentine rugby union player, currently playing for the Valorugby Emilia in Serie A Élite in Italy. He also plays for Súper Liga Americana de Rugby side Peñarol, for Dallas Jackals in Major League Rugby in the United States Rangers Vicenza in Serie A Élite in Italy. His preferred position is flanker.

Dallas Jackals
The Dallas Jackals were a Major League Rugby team that began play in the 2022 season as an expansion franchise. They were originally going to join the MLR for the 2021 season, but on January 19, 2021, the Jackals delayed their inaugural season to 2022. The team was based in Arlington, Texas, playing at Choctaw Stadium. The club ceased operations in September 2024.
The Blue Notebooks
The Blue Notebooks is the second album by neo-classical producer and composer Max Richter. The album was conceived in 2003 and released on 26 February 2004 on 130701, an imprint of FatCat Records. It is a protest album about the 2003 invasion of Iraq and violence in general.

Following the success of his 2012 album Vivaldi Recomposed on the Deutsche Grammophon label, Richter signed many of his previous recordings to DG, including The Blue Notebooks, which was reissued on 29 April 2014.

On 11 May 2018, DG released a two-disc fifteenth-anniversary edition of The Blue Notebooks which includes re-recordings, alternate arrangements, and remixes by Jlin and Konx-Om-Pax.

Jlin
Jerrilynn Patton (born July 30, 1987), known as Jlin, is an electronic musician. She began producing music in 2008 and received early attention for her 2011 track "Erotic Heat". Jlin's debut album, Dark Energy, was released in 2015 to critical praise. Her follow-up Black Origami (2017) received further acclaim.
Kenchō-ji
Kenchō-ji (建長寺) is a Rinzai Zen temple in Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, which ranks first among Kamakura's so-called Five Great Zen Temples (the Kamakura Gozan) and is the oldest Zen training monastery in Japan. These temples were at the top of the Five Mountain System, a network of Zen temples started by the Hōjō Regents. Still very large, it originally had a full shichidō garan and 49 subtemples. It was founded by Chinese monk Lanxi Daolong, also known as Rankei Doryū, of the Song dynasty at the invitation of Hōjō Tokiyori. The temple was constructed on the orders of Emperor Go-Fukakusa and completed in 1253, fifth year of the Kenchō era, from which it takes its name.

The sangō is Kofukusan (巨福山).

Hōjō clan
The Hōjō clan (Japanese: 北条氏, Hepburn: Hōjō-shi) was a Japanese samurai family who controlled the hereditary title of shikken (regent) of the Kamakura shogunate between 1203 and 1333. Despite the title, in practice the family wielded actual political power in Japan during this period compared to both the Kamakura shoguns, or the Imperial Court in Kyoto, whose authority was largely symbolic. The Hōjō are known for fostering Zen Buddhism and for leading the successful opposition to the Mongol invasions of Japan. Resentment at Hōjō rule eventually culminated in the overthrow of the clan and the establishment of the Ashikaga shogunate.
Unison
In music, unison is two or more musical parts that sound either the same pitch or pitches separated by intervals of one or more octaves, usually at the same time. Rhythmic unison is another term for homorhythm.

Homorhythm
In music, a homorhythm or homometer is a texture having a "similarity of rhythm in all parts" or "very similar rhythm" as would be used in simple hymn or chorale settings. Homorhythm is a condition of homophony. All voices sing the same rhythm. This texture results in a homophonic texture, which is a blocked chordal texture. Homorhythmic texture delivers lyrics with clarity and emphasis. Texture in which parts have different rhythms is heterorythmic or heterometric.

The term is used for compositions in which all the voice-parts move simultaneously in the same rhythm, forming a succession of chords. It may also be called chordal style, familiar style, vertical harmony, note-against-note style, isometric, and homophonic. Isometric may used to refer to music in which each vocal part has the same number of syllables, with isorythmic being used to refer to music in which each voice has the same rhythm.
Freebairn
Freebairn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Robert Freebairn (1794–1846), English engraver

John Freebairn (1930–2016), Australian politician

Kate Freebairn, Australian journalist and television news presenter

Robert Freebairn (1765–1808), British landscape painter

Stu Freebairn (1932–2025), New Zealand rugby union player

Ian Freebairn-Smith (1932–2025), American composer

Vanessa Freebairn-Smith, American cellist

John Freebairn
John Sydney Freebairn (31 July 1930 – 5 January 2016) was an Australian politician. He was the Liberal and Country League member for Light in the South Australian House of Assembly from 1962 to 1970. In 1974 he contested the federal seat of Wakefield for Steele Hall's breakaway party the Liberal Movement.
Beatriz Gomes Dias
Beatriz Gebalina Pereira Gomes Dias is a Portuguese (born 26 March 1971) teacher, activist and politician who was born in Senegal. She was elected as a deputy to the Assembly of the Republic of Portugal, representing the Left Bloc, in 2019, but was not re-elected in the 2022 election. In the 2021 local elections, she was elected member of the Lisbon City Council.

Lisbon Municipal Chamber
The Lisbon Municipal Chamber (Portuguese: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa) is the administrative authority in the municipality of Lisbon. It has 24 freguesias in its area of jurisdiction and is based in the city of Lisbon, on the Lisbon District. These freguesias are: Ajuda; Alcântara; Alvalade; Areeiro; Arroios; Avenidas Novas; Beato; Belém; Benfica; Campo de Ourique; Campolide; Carnide; Estrela; Lumiar; Marvila; Misericórdia; Olivais; Parque das Nações; Penha de França; Santa Clara; Santa Maria Maior; Santo António; São Domingos de Benfica and São Vicente.

The Lisbon City Council is the largest in the country and is made up of 17 councillors, representing, currently, four different political forces. The first candidate on the list with the most votes in a municipal election or, in the event of a vacancy, the next candidate on the list, takes office as President of the Municipal Chamber.