hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ira David Pinson
Ira David Pinson (October 3, 1892 – July 21, 1939) was an American academic who became a professor of languages and philosophy, completing a Bachelor of Divinity at Yale University in 1920. From 1915 he was a member of the teaching faculty of Morris College, becoming its third president in 1930 as it struggled to survive the Great Depression. Within two years, he strengthened and steered the college to expansion. Pinson died in a car accident in 1939, at the age of 46.

Benedict College
Benedict College is a private historically black college in Columbia, South Carolina, United States. Founded in 1870 by northern Baptists, it was originally a teachers' college. It has since expanded to offer majors in many disciplines across the liberal arts. The campus includes buildings in the Benedict College Historic District, a historic area listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Benedict College was founded in 1870 on the land of a former 110-acre (45 ha) plantation in Columbia, South Carolina. Representing the American Baptist Home Mission Society, Bathsheba A. Benedict of Pawtucket, Rhode Island had provided $13,000 to purchase the property. This was one of the numerous educational institutions founded in the South for formerly enslaved people by northern religious mission societies, as education was seen as key to the future for African Americans.
Chemin de fer de la Matapédia et du Golfe
The Chemin de fer de la Matapédia et du Golfe (reporting mark CFMG) (in English, the Matapedia and Gulf Railway) was a short line railway that operated in eastern Quebec from 1998 to 2008.

Owned by the holding company Quebec Railway Corporation (QRC), CFMG operated freight service between Rivière-du-Loup in the west to Matapédia in the east as well as from Mont-Joli to the port of Matane.

Shortline railroad
A shortline railroad is a small or mid-sized railroad company that operates over a relatively short distance relative to larger, national railroad networks. The term is used primarily in the United States and Canada. In the former, railroads are categorized by operating revenue, and most shortline railroads fall into the Class III or Class II categorization defined by the Surface Transportation Board.
Al-Ishbili
al-Ishbili (Arabic, 'from Seville') is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abu'l-Khayr al-Ishbili, 11th century Andalusi agronomist

Jabir ibn Aflah al-Ishbili (1100–1150), Muslim astronomer and mathematician

Ibn al-'Awwam (Abu Zakariya Yahya ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Al-'Awwam Al-Ishbili, fl. late 12th century), Muslim agriculturalist

Nur ad-Din al-Bitruji al-Ishbīlī (died c. 1204), Muslim astronomer and judge

Ibn al-Ha'im al-Ishbili (fl. c. 1213), Muslim astronomer and mathematician

Musa ibn Tubi (Ibn ʿUmran Musa ibn Tubi al-Israʿili Ishbili, fl. 14th century), Jewish Arabic poet

Ibn al-Ha'im al-Ishbili
Abu Muhammad Abd al-Haqq al‐Ghafiqi al‐Ishbili (Arabic: ابن الهائم), also known as Ibn al‐Hāʾim (fl. c. 1213 was a medieval Muslim astronomer and mathematician from Seville.

He is known to modern scholars for his al‐Zīj al‐kāmil fī al‐talim (1204/5), which was had a great influence on the development of Islamic astronomy and which has provided important information on astronomers from Al-Andalus, including the instrument maker and astrologer Al-Zarqali.
Winchu Q'asa
Winchu Q'asa (Quechua winchu magnetite, q'asa mountain pass, "magnetite pass", Hispanicized spelling Huinchujasa) is a mountain in the Chunta in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 m (16,404 ft) high. It is situated in the Huancavelica Region, Huancavelica Province, Nuevo Occoro District. Winchu Q'asa lies southwest of Puka Q'asa, southeast of Tipiqucha and northeast of Q'iru Pinqullu.

Tipiqucha (Huancavelica)
Tipiqucha (Quechua tipi Pennisetum clandestinum (a grass species), tipiy to husk maize, to snap, to break, qucha lake, Hispanicized spelling Tipicocha) is a lake in Peru located in the Huancavelica Region, Huancavelica Province, Nuevo Occoro District. Tipiqucha lies in the southwestern part of the district, east of Sitaq.
SM UC-65
SM UC-65 was a German Type UC II minelaying submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy (German: Kaiserliche Marine) during World War I. The U-boat was ordered on 12 January 1916 and was launched on 8 July 1916. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 7 November 1916 as SM UC-65. In eleven patrols UC-65 was credited with sinking 106 ships, either by torpedo or by mines laid. UC-65 was torpedoed and sunk by HMS C15 on 3 November 1917.

Minelayer
A minelayer is any warship, submarine, military aircraft or land vehicle deploying explosive mines. Since World War I the term "minelayer" refers specifically to a naval ship used for deploying naval mines. "Mine planting" was the term for installing controlled mines at predetermined positions in connection with coastal fortifications or harbor approaches that would be detonated by shore control when a ship was fixed as being within the mine's effective range.

An army's special-purpose combat engineering vehicles used to lay landmines are sometimes called "minelayers".
Truesdale Lake (New York)
Lake Truesdale is located in the hamlet of South Salem, part of the Town of Lewisboro, in northern Westchester County, New York. The 83.3-acre (337,000 m2) lake is just under 1 mile (1.6 km) long and about 3⁄8 mile (0.60 km) across at its widest point. The primary water flow into the lake comes from the swamp on Pumping Station Road in Ridgefield, Connecticut.

The lake was created in 1927 by damming a stream and flooding Hoyt's pond and surrounding swamp. Two homeowners' associations (Truesdale Lake Property Owners' Association - TLPOA, and Truesdale Estates Association - TEA) manage the lake and maintain two beaches available to their members.

Northern Westchester
Northern Westchester refers to the upper portion of Westchester County, New York, a suburban area north of New York City. Lying north of Interstate 287/Cross Westchester Expressway, these communities are distinguished by distance from New York City and their more rural character from those of Southern Westchester. The area is notable for its general affluence and high degree of watershed for New York City, being home to two major collection reservoirs supplying drinking water to it, the New Croton and Kensico.
Speed skating at the 2007 Asian Winter Games
Speed skating featured as part of the 2007 Asian Winter Games in the newly constructed Jilin Provincial Speed Skating Rink in Changchun. Ten medal events were contested, with the men's 10000 metres, a part of the Games since 1986, replaced by 100 metres for both genders. Events were held from 29 January to 1 February.

China won the most gold medals, taking five of the ten on offer, by sweeping the women's events. Wang Fei won two gold medals and one silver medal in the three longest distances, while Wang Beixing two gold medals and a silver medal in the three shortest. Japan won the shortest and the longest distance for men, through Yuya Oikawa and Hiroki Hirako, while Lee Kyou-hyuk and Lee Kang-seok of South Korea won the three middle distances.

Lee Kyou-hyuk
Lee Kyou-hyuk (Korean: 이규혁; Hanja: 李奎爀; RR: I Gyuhyeok, born 16 March 1978) is a South Korean retired long track speed skater who specializes in the 500 and 1,000 meters. He was the 2007, 2008, 2010 and 2011 World Sprint Speed Skating Champion and the 2011 World Champion for 500 m. He is one of four men to have won the World Sprint Speed Skating Championships four times.

His first world sprint championship, in 2007, was his first International Championships medal after a 13-year top-level career. As well as his success in the World Sprint Championships, Lee has fourteen wins in individual World Cup races, a gold medal, two silver and one bronze from the World Single Distance Championships and four gold medals from the Asian Winter Games as well as numerous South Korean titles, including 10 successive National Sprint Speed Skating Championships (2001–2010). He has set two world records during his career.
Bahram Jalali
Bahram Jalali is a Distinguished Professor Emertitus at the Electrical and Computer Engineering at University of California, Los Angeles whose research has spanned silicon photonics, ultrafast instruments and imaging

He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, SPIE, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and The Optical Society. In 2007, he was given the R. W. Wood Prize by the Optical Society.

Jalali received his Ph.D. in Applied Physics at Columbia University in 1989 and worked with Bell Laboratories from 1988 to1992 before joining UCLA's faculty.

He was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2022.

Optica (society)
Optica, founded as the Optical Society of America (later the Optical Society), is a professional society of individuals and companies with an interest in optics and photonics. It publishes journals, organizes conferences and exhibitions, and carries out charitable activities.
Saint Paul Public Library
The Saint Paul Public Library is a library system serving the residents of Saint Paul, Minnesota, in the United States. The library system includes a Central Library, twelve branch locations, and a bookmobile. It is a member of the Metropolitan Library Service Agency, a consortium of eight Twin Cities library systems.

Bookmobile
A bookmobile, or mobile library, is a vehicle designed for use as a library. They have been known by many names throughout history, including traveling library, library wagon, book wagon, book truck, library-on-wheels, and book auto service. Bookmobiles expand the reach of traditional libraries by transporting books to potential readers, providing library services to people in otherwise underserved locations (such as remote areas) and/or circumstances (such as residents of retirement homes). Bookmobile services and materials (such as Internet access, large print books, and audiobooks), may be customized for the locations and populations served.

Bookmobiles have been based on various means of conveyance, including bicycles, carts, motor vehicles, trains, watercraft, and wagons, as well as camels, donkeys, elephants, horses, and mules.
Berthin Brook
The Berthin Brook is a minor right bank tributary of the River Usk in Monmouthshire, in south Wales. Flowing north from New Inn initially, it turns east at Little Mill to flow along a former glacial meltwater channel past the former Royal Ordnance Factory site (now BAE Systems) at Glascoed and by Rhadyr to join the major river 1 km north of the town of Usk. At the height of the last ice age (the Devensian), the Usk valley glacier reached as far down the Usk valley as Little Mill and sediment-laden meltwater created a valley sandur over which the post-glacial Berthin Brook now flows.

New Inn
New Inn (Welsh: Y Dafarn Newydd) is a village and community directly south east of Pontypool, within the County Borough of Torfaen in Wales, within the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire. It had a population of 5,986 at the 2011 Census.
Studholm Parish, New Brunswick
Studholm is a geographic parish in Kings County, New Brunswick, Canada.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, it formed the local service district of the parish of Studholm, which further included the service area of Lower Millstream. The local service district was a member of Kings Regional Service Commission (RSC8).

Kings County, New Brunswick
Kings County  is located in southern New Brunswick, Canada. Its historical shire town is Hampton and it was named as an expression of loyalty to the British Crown. Both the Saint John and Kennebecasis rivers pass through the county.

Approximately half of the Kings County population of 71,184 (as of 2021) lives in suburbs of the nearby city of Saint John.
Innovative financing
Innovative financing refers to a range of non-traditional mechanisms to raise funds for development aid through "innovative" projects such as micro-contributions, taxes, public-private partnerships and market-based financial transactions.

As of the beginning of 2010, most of the existing innovative financing mechanisms were allocated for the health care sector in developing countries. By 2010, Innovative financing mechanisms had raised US$2 billion for health care systems.

Gross national income
Gross national income (GNI), formerly known as gross national product (GNP), is the total amount of factor incomes earned by the residents of a country. It is equal to gross domestic product (GDP), plus factor incomes received from non-residents by residents, minus factor income paid by residents to non-residents.: 44

In contrast to GDP, GNI is not a concept of value added, but a concept of income. GNI is the basis of calculation of the largest part of contributions to the Budget of the European Union.  In February 2017, Ireland's GDP became so distorted from the base erosion and profit shifting ("BEPS") tax planning tools of U.S. multinationals, that the Central Bank of Ireland replaced Irish GDP with a new metric, Irish Modified GNI (or "GNI*").  In 2017, Irish GDP was 127% of Irish GNI and 162% of Irish Modified GNI.

GNI contrast with net national income : NNI = GNI - Depreciation

The Atlas method can be applied to correct for fluctuating exchange rates.
She Wanted to Marry a Hero
She Wanted to Marry a Hero is a 1910 American silent short drama produced by the Thanhouser Company. Elsie Plush, an avid dime novel reader, came to idolize the concept of a hero and rejected her plain boyfriend, George Mild. She idolizes a series of men, only to have each ideal candidate be shattered a short time later by a series of incidents which highlight their flaws or weaknesses. In the end, Elsie returns and accepts her boyfriend's marriage proposal. Released on April 29, 1910, as split-reel with The Cigars His Wife Brought, the film was given favorable reviews and had advertisements for its showing until late 1912. The film is presumed lost.

Thanhouser Company
The Thanhouser Company (later the Thanhouser Film Corporation) was one of the first motion picture studios, founded in 1909 by Edwin Thanhouser, his wife Gertrude and his brother-in-law Lloyd Lonergan. It operated in New York City until 1920, producing over a thousand films.
Pēteris Zālīte
Pēteris Zālīte (1 December 1864, Rauna Parish (now Smiltene Municipality), Kreis Wenden, Governorate of Livonia – 18 August 1939, Riga) was a Latvian philosopher, journalist and politician. He became a member of the 3rd Saeima in January 1931, representing the Labour League of Latvia and replacing Kārlis Balodis. In the elections to the 4th Saeima in October 1931, he retained his seat, which he held until the Saeima was dissolved following the 1934 Latvian coup d'état.

Rauna Parish
Rauna Parish (Latvian: Raunas pagasts) is an administrative unit of Smiltene Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia (Prior to 2009, it belonged to the former Cēsis district). The administrative center is the village of Rauna.
Lower Manor Estates, Alberta
Lower Manor Estates is an unincorporated community in Alberta, Canada within Sturgeon County that is recognized as a designated place by Statistics Canada. It is located on the north side of Township Road 543A (Sturgeon Road), 3.5 km (2.2 mi) west of Highway 28. It is adjacent to the designated places of Bristol Oakes to the west and Upper and Lower Viscount Estates to the south.

Sturgeon County
Sturgeon County is a municipal district in the Edmonton Metropolitan Region of Alberta, Canada. It is north of Edmonton and west of the North Saskatchewan River. Sturgeon County is located in Division No. 11 and was named for the Sturgeon River.
Midnight Monster Hop
Midnight Monster Hop is a horror host television show that first aired in 2006 on HSTV in Uniontown, Pennsylvania.

In February 2008, the show began airing on WPXI/RTN Pittsburgh, and as of May 23, 2009 became available nationwide on select Retro Television Network affiliates, showing cult and B horror films with introductions, jokes, and skits inserted between movie segments. The Show was pulled off Retro Television by Ricky, after a contract dispute, so it lost its national reach, though many local RTV affiliates still run MMH instead of other shows that RTV picked up. A good example was WXYZ-TV's RTV subchannel, which aired it due to WMYD-TV being the originating station of Wolfman Mac's Chiller Drive-In, which RTV picked up for national broadcast.

Midnight Monster Hop may still be seen on many independent stations around the country.

WPXI
WPXI (channel 11) is a television station in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, affiliated with NBC and owned by Cox Media Group. The station's offices and studios are located on Evergreen Road in the Summer Hill neighborhood of Pittsburgh. Its transmitter is on Television Hill in the Fineview section of the city, at the site of the station's original studio location.
Peeter Koemets
Peeter Koemets (13 January 1868 Vana-Antsla Parish, Võru County – 1950 Omsk Oblast, Russia) was an Estonian Lutheran clergyman and politician. He was a member of I Riigikogu and former Mayor of Vana-Antsla Parish. His younger brother was politician Kael Koemets.

Omsk Oblast
Omsk Oblast (Russian: О́мская о́бласть, romanized: Omskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southwestern Siberia. The oblast has an area of 139,700 square kilometers (53,900 sq mi). Its population is 1,977,665 (2010 Census) with the majority, 1.12 million, living in Omsk, the administrative center.

The oblast borders Tyumen Oblast in the north and west, Novosibirsk Oblast and Tomsk Oblast in the east, and Kazakhstan in the south.
Perceptual robotics
Perceptual robotics is an interdisciplinary science linking Robotics and Neuroscience. It investigates biologically motivated robot control strategies, concentrating on perceptual rather than cognitive processes and thereby sides with J. J. Gibson's view against the Poverty of the stimulus theory.

As a working definition, the following quote from Chapter 64 by H. Bülthoff, C. Wallraven and M. Giese from The Springer Handbook of Robotics, edited by Bruno Siciliano and Oussama Khatib, published by Springer in 2007, could be used:

In the following we will apply the term Perceptual Robotics to signify the design of robots based on principles that are derived from human perception on all three levels in the sense of Marr. This includes a realization in terms of specific neural circuits as well as the transfer of more abstract biologically-inspired strategies for the solution of relevant computational problems.

Oussama Khatib
Oussama Khatib (Arabic: أسامة الخطيب) is a roboticist and a professor of computer science at Stanford University, and a Fellow of the IEEE. He is credited with seminal work in areas ranging from robot motion planning and control, human-friendly robot design, to haptic interaction and human motion synthesis. His work's emphasis has been to develop theories, algorithms, and technologies, that control robot systems by using models of their physical dynamics. These dynamic models are used to derive optimal controllers for complex robots that interact with the environment in real-time.
1986 NCAA Division III men's ice hockey tournament
The 1986 NCAA Division III Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the culmination of the 1985–86 season, the 3rd such tournament in NCAA history. It concluded with Bemidji State defeating Plattsburgh State 8-5. All Quarterfinals matchups were held at home team venues, while all succeeding games were played in Bemidji, Minnesota.

Plattsburgh State's tournament performance was later vacated due to NCAA violations.

Bemidji State Beavers men's ice hockey
The Bemidji State Beavers men's ice hockey team is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents Bemidji State University. The Beavers are a member of the Central Collegiate Hockey Association and play at Sanford Center in Bemidji, Minnesota, as of the 2010 season, after previously playing at the John S. Glas Field House.
MS Europic Ferry
MS Europic Ferry was a roll-on/roll-off car ferry built in 1967 by Swan Hunter for the Atlantic Steam Navigation Company (ASN).  She was acquired by European Ferries in 1971 when they took over the ASN and served with them under the Townsend Thoresen branding.  The Europic Ferry was requisitioned by the British government in April 1982 and transported stores, equipment and troops to the South Atlantic during the Falklands War.  After the war she returned to service  with European Ferries until that company was sold to P&O in 1987.  She was sold again to Namora Shipping in 1993 and served on routes in the Mediterranean until sold for scrapping in 2004.

Roll-on/roll-off
Roll-on/roll-off (RORO or ro-ro) ships are cargo ships designed to carry wheeled cargo, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, buses, trailers, and railroad cars, that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels or using a platform vehicle, such as a self-propelled modular transporter. This is in contrast to lift-on/lift-off (LoLo) vessels, which use a crane to load and unload cargo.

RORO vessels have either built-in or shore-based ramps or ferry slips that allow the cargo to be efficiently rolled on and off the vessel when in port. While smaller ferries that operate across rivers and other short distances often have built-in ramps, the term RORO is generally reserved for large seagoing vessels. The ramps and doors may be located in the stern, bow, or sides, or any combination thereof.
Stannah Lifts
Stannah Lifts Holdings Ltd is a provider of lifts, escalators and moving walkways and manufacturer of stairlifts and platform lifts. The headquarters are in Andover, Hampshire, England. The company makes various commercial lifts, but it is known for its stairlifts.

The company headquarters and factory is on the Portway Industrial Estate on the western outskirts of Andover. It also operates a factory in Newburn, near Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

Escalator
An escalator is a moving staircase which carries people between floors of a building or structure. It consists of a motor-driven chain of individually linked steps on a track which cycle on a pair of tracks which keep the step tread horizontal.

Escalators are often used around the world in places where lifts would be impractical, or they can be used in conjunction with them. Principal areas of usage include department stores, shopping malls, airports, transit systems (railway/railroad stations), convention centers, hotels, arenas, stadiums and public buildings.

Escalators have the capacity to move large numbers of people. They have no waiting interval (except during very heavy traffic). They can be used to guide people toward main exits or special exhibits and may be weatherproofed for outdoor use. A non-functional escalator can function as a normal staircase, whereas many other methods of transport become useless when they break down or lose power.
Reginald FitzReginald
Reginald FitzReginald (died 1328), also known as Reynold FitzReynold, Lord of Hinton Martell, was an English noble.

He was a younger son of Reginald FitzPiers and Joan de Vivonne. Reginald held from his mother, her share of the lands in Midsomer Norton, from William de Forz, her father. He was recorded as having fought at the Battle of Boroughbridge on 16 March 1322.

Reginald died in 1328, he was succeeded by his grandson Herbert from his second son.

Battle of Boroughbridge
The Battle of Boroughbridge was fought on 16 March 1322 in England between a group of rebellious barons and the forces of King Edward II, near Boroughbridge, north-west of York. The culmination of a long period of antagonism between the King and Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, his most powerful subject, it resulted in Lancaster's defeat and execution, ending the Despenser War. This allowed Edward to re-establish royal authority and hold on to power for almost five more years.

Though not a part of the Wars of Scottish Independence, the battle is significant for its employment of tactics learned in the Scottish wars in a domestic, English conflict. Both the extensive use of foot soldiers rather than cavalry and the heavy impact caused by the longbow represented significant steps in military developments.