hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Etienne Pays
Etienne Pays (born 2 November 1948) is a Belgian molecular biologist and professor at the Universite Libre de Bruxelles. His research interest is on trypanosomes.

He obtained a PhD in Zoology from the Universite Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) in 1974, and an Aggregation for Higher Education in 1984. Since January 1998, he is Professor at the ULB and since October 1992, Director of the Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology. From 1993 until 1996, he was President of the Belgian Society of Protozoology.

In 1996, he was awarded the Francqui Prize on Biological and Medical Sciences for his work on molecular biology. In 1997, he was awarded the Carlos J. Finlay Prize for Microbiology (UNESCO, Paris). In 2000, he was awarded the Quinquennal Prize for fundamental biomedical sciences (FNRS).

Protistology
Protistology is a scientific discipline devoted to the study of protists, a highly diverse group of eukaryotic organisms. All eukaryotes apart from animals, plants and fungi are considered protists. Its field of study therefore overlaps with the more traditional disciplines of phycology, mycology, and protozoology, just as protists embrace mostly unicellular organisms described as algae, some organisms regarded previously as primitive fungi, and protozoa ("animal" motile protists lacking chloroplasts).

They are a paraphyletic group with very diverse morphologies and lifestyles. Their sizes range from unicellular picoeukaryotes only a few micrometres in diameter to multicellular marine algae several metres long.
Trinity Health Michigan
Trinity Health Michigan, formerly Mercy Health, is a not-for-profit, integrated, managed care health care organization based in West Michigan. Facilities include hospitals, treatment facilities, urgent-care facilities, as well as physician practices that serve the western Michigan area. Trinity Health Michigan is a member of the Catholic Trinity Health system.

Not-for-profit organization
A not-for-profit organisation (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives.

While not-for-profit organizations and nonprofit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. An NFPO must be differentiated from a NPO as they are not formed explicitly for the public good as an NPO must be, and NFPOs are considered "recreational organizations", meaning that they do not operate with the goal of generating revenue as opposed to NPOs.
Šulc
Šulc (feminine Šulcová) is a Czech and Slovak surname, a version of the German family name Schulz. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Šulc (born 1990), world record–holding juggler

Brigita Šulcová (born 1937), Czech opera singer

František Šulc (born 1950), Czech former handball player

František Šulc Jr. (born 1978), Slovak handball player, son of František Šulc (born 1950)

Jakub Šulc (born 1985), Czech professional ice hockey defenceman

Jan Šulc (canoeist) (1916–2001), Czechoslovak slalom canoer

Jan Šulc (footballer) (born 1998), Czech footballer

Jan Šulc (ice hockey) (born 1979), Czech former professional ice hockey centre

Jana Šulcová (1947–2023), Czech actress

Jaroslav Šulc (1903–1943), Czech paleontologist, executed by the Nazis

Jaroslav Šulc (1903–1977), Czech writer

Pavel Šulc (born 2000), Czech footballer

Jan Šulc (ice hockey)
Jan Šulc (born 17 February 1979) is a Czech former professional ice hockey centre.  He played in the Czech Extraliga for HC Litvínov and also played in the East Coast Hockey League for the Toledo Storm and Johnstown Chiefs and the International Hockey League for the Detroit Vipers. He was drafted 109th overall by the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 1997 NHL Entry Draft.
Carroballista
Carroballista was an ancient, cart-mounted ballista, a type of mobile field artillery. According to the Roman author Vegetius (Epitoma rei militaris II.25), each legion had 55 carroballistae (one per centuria) which were arrow/bolt-shooter of the cheiroballistra (Greek: χειροβαλλίστρα) type. Vegetius tells us that each carroballista was carried by mules and operated by one contubernium (i.e., eight soldiers commanded by one decanus). Surviving representation of a carroballista are from the bas-reliefs of Trajan's Column (Scene XL and Scenes LXV/LXVI) and the Column of Marcus Aurelius.

Contubernium (Roman army unit)
The contubernium (Latin for 'tenting-together') was the smallest sub-subunit organized unit of soldiers in the Roman Army and was composed of eight legionaries, essentially the equivalent of a modern squad, although unlike modern squads, contubernia seemingly had no tactical significance in Roman military organization or battle. It was likely used to maintain morale and group solidarity by keeping soldiers in close contact with each other.  The men within the contubernium were known as contubernales. Ten contubernia, each led by a decanus experienced soldier who assumed leadership when there were no orders from above, were grouped into a centuria of 100 men (eighty legionaries plus twenty support staff), which was commanded by a centurion. Soldiers of a contubernium shared a tent, equipment and a mule for transporting supplies, and could be rewarded or punished together as a unit (see decimation).
Lewis Roberts (naturalist)
Lewis Roberts, OAM, (born 1950) is a distinguished naturalist and botanical illustrator. Lewis and his brother, Charlie Roberts, are probably the leading experts on the flora and fauna of south-eastern part Cape York Peninsula and the northern Wet Tropics area. For three generations his family has lived at Shipton's Flat, about 45 km south of Cooktown, where he and Charlie were home-schooled. His father, Jack Lewis, was a tin miner and self-taught naturalist.

Cape York Peninsula
The Cape York Peninsula is located in Far North Queensland, Australia. It is the largest wilderness in northern Australia. The land is mostly flat and about half of the area is used for grazing cattle. The relatively undisturbed eucalyptus-wooded savannahs, tropical rainforests and other types of habitat are now recognised and preserved for their global environmental significance. Although much of the peninsula remains pristine, with a diverse repertoire of endemic flora and fauna, some of its wildlife may be threatened by industry and overgrazing as well as introduced species and weeds.

The northernmost point of the peninsula is Cape York.
The land has been occupied by a number of Aboriginal Australian peoples for tens of thousands of years. In 1606, Dutch sailor Willem Janszoon on board the Duyfken was the first European to land in Australia, reaching the Cape York Peninsula.
Organisation of Development, Action and Maintenance
The Organisation of Development Action and Maintenance (ODAM) is a Non Governmental Organisation (NGO).  It was established in 1995, under the Tamil Nadu Societies Registration Act of 1975. The central location of ODAM is in Tiruchuli; the organization's work is spread across 205 villages in Tiruchuli, Narikudi, Kariyapatti, Aruppukottair and Watrap blocks of Virudhunagar district, and Kamuthi block in Ramnad district, of Tamil Nadu, India.

Virudhunagar district
Virudhunagar district is a district (an administrative district) of Tamil Nadu state in south India. Virudhunagar is the district headquarters of Virudhunagar district. Virudhunagar district was formed by the separation of Old Ramanathapuram District G.O passed on 08,March 1985 & formed in 15,March 1985 into Ramanathapuram District, Sivagangai District and the west part as Virudhunagar District. Virudhunagar District was formerly called Karmavirer Kamarajar District. As of 2011, Virudhunagar district had a population of 1,942,288 with a sex-ratio of 1,007 females for every 1,000 males. Sivakasi is the most populous and largest city in the district.
2019 in Latin music
The following is a list of events and releases that happened in 2019 in Latin music. The list covers events and releases from Latin regions from the Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking areas of Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula.

MGM Grand Garden Arena
The MGM Grand Garden Arena is a 17,000-seat multi-purpose arena within the MGM Grand resort, located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. The venue opened on December 31, 1993, with a concert by Barbra Streisand, and subsequent concerts by Luther Vandross, Anita Mui and Janet Jackson.
Edström
Edström or Edstrom is a surname of Swedish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Edström (born 2000), Swedish ice hockey player

Carl-Johan Edström (born 1967), Swedish Air Force major general

Christian Edstrom, Swedish American professional co-driver (rallying)

Dave Edstrom, American former decathlete

David Edstrom (born 2005), Swedish ice hockey player

Ester Edström, Swedish diver who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics

Kristina Edström, Swedish inorganic specialising in battery technology

Peter David Edstrom (1873–1938), Swedish American sculptor

Ralf Edström, Swedish former footballer

Sigfrid Edström (1870–1964), Swedish industrial and sports official

Sonja Edström, Swedish former cross country skier who competed

Harold and Everett Edstrom, founders of Hal Leonard Corporation

Ester Edström
Ester Maria Edström (5 September 1892 – 30 June 1945) was a Swedish diver who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.

In 1912 she was eliminated in the first round of the 10 metre platform competition.

Edström represented Stockholms KK.
Pandora's Beauty
Pandora's Beauty (French: La Beauté de Pandore) is a Canadian drama film, directed by Charles Binamé and released in 2000. The film stars Jean-François Casabonne as Vincent, a man whose unhappy marriage to Ariane (Maude Guérin) leads him to have an extramarital affair with Pandora (Pascale Bussières), only to witness his life falling apart after Pandora reveals that she is HIV-positive.

The cast also includes Annie Dufresne, Pascale Montpetit, Annick Bergeron, Diane Lavallée and James Hyndman.

The film was shot in 1999 in and around Montreal, Quebec, with a small amount of location filming at Lake Powell in Arizona. It premiered on February 17, 2000 at the Rendez-vous du cinéma québécois.

Bergeron received a Genie Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress at the 21st Genie Awards. The film received two Prix Jutra nominations at the 3rd Jutra Awards, for Best Supporting Actress (Guérin) and Best Original Music (Ned Bouhalassa, François Bruneau and Jean-Marc Pisapia).

Diane Lavallée
Diane Lavallée (born November 30, 1955) is a Canadian film and television actress from Montreal, Quebec. She is most noted for her performance as Sister Lise in the 2015 film The Passion of Augustine (La Passion d'Augustine), for which she won the Prix Iris for Best Supporting Actress at the 18th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2016.

She was previously nominated in the same category at the 8th Jutra Awards in 2006 for her role as Alice Norchet in The Rocket (Maurice Richard).

From her prior marriage to actor Marcel Leboeuf, she is the mother of actress Laurence Leboeuf.
Rohingya refugees in Nepal
Rohingya refugees came to Nepal for asylum from Rakhine state of Myanmar. The Rohingyas entered Nepal in the 1990s and mainly in 2012. They came via eastern Nepal by crossing Bangladesh and India. They have been settled in Kapan at Kathmandu and various locations in Terai.

Terai
The Terai or Tarai is a lowland region in parts of southern Nepal and northern India that lies to the south of the outer foothills of the Himalayas, the Sivalik Hills and north of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. 
This region is characterised by tall grasslands, scrub savannah, sal forests and clay rich swamps. In North India, the Terai spreads from the Yamuna River eastward across Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal. The Terai is part of the Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands ecoregion.
Nepal's Terai stretches over 33,998.8 km2 (13,127.0 sq mi), about 23.1% of Nepal's land area, and lies at an elevation of between 67 and 300 m (220 and 984 ft). The region comprises more than 50 wetlands. North of the Terai rises the Bhabar, a narrow but continuous belt of forest about 8–12 km (5.0–7.5 mi) wide.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate
tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) an organic compound with the formula C6H5CO3CMe3 (Me = CH3). It is the most widely produced perester; it is an ester of peroxybenzoic acid (C6H5CO3H).  It is often used as a radical initiator in polymerization reactions, such as the production of LDPE from ethylene, and for crosslinking, such as for unsaturated polyester resins.

Cross-link
In chemistry and biology, a cross-link is a bond or a short sequence of bonds that links one polymer chain to another. These links may take the form of covalent bonds or ionic bonds and the polymers can be either synthetic polymers or natural polymers (such as proteins).

In polymer chemistry "cross-linking" usually refers to the use of cross-links to promote a change in the polymers' physical properties.

When "crosslinking" is used in the biological field, it refers to the use of a probe to link proteins together to check for protein–protein interactions, as well as other creative cross-linking methodologies.

Although the term is used to refer to the "linking of polymer chains" for both sciences, the extent of crosslinking and specificities of the crosslinking agents vary greatly.
Ahmedabad–Bhuj Namo Bharat Rapid Rail
The 94801/94802 Ahmedabad–Bhuj Namo Bharat Rapid Rail is India's 1st Semi-High speed Intercity train which connects the Ahmedabad Junction and terminates in Bhuj of Gujarat in India. It categorized under the Vande Metro/Namo Bharat Rapid Rail Network.

The train is inaugurated on 16 September 2024 by Honorable Prime Minister Narendra Modi in Ahmedabad of Gujarat in India.

Bhuj railway station
Bhuj railway station (station code:- BHUJ) is a Class-A railway station in Bhuj, Gujarat, India, on the Western line of the Western Railway network. It is the last station on the Western Railway line in the area. It handles nine trains.
Park Min-kyung
Park Min-kyung (born 16 December 1996) is a South Korean weightlifter. She is a two-time bronze medalist in the women's 64 kg event at the World Weightlifting Championships.

She competed in the women's 64 kg event at the 2018 World Weightlifting Championships held in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan. She won the bronze medal in the women's 64 kg event at the 2021 World Weightlifting Championships held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

She won the bronze medal in the women's 64 kg event at the 2023 World Weightlifting Championships held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

2018 World Weightlifting Championships – Women's 64 kg
The women's 64 kilograms competition at the 2018 World Weightlifting Championships was held on 4–5 November 2018.

In February 2019 Rattanawan Wamalun the original bronze medalist was stripped of her medal.
2008 Tokelauan general election
Parliamentary elections were held in Tokelau on 17 January, 18 January and 19 January 2008 to elect the 20 members of the General Fono. The elections saw Kolouei O'Brien replaced as faipule of Fakaofo by Foua Toloa.

Kolouei O'Brien
Kolouei O'Brien (1939 – 11 May 2015) was a politician from Tokelau and faipule of Fakaofo. He served as the head of government of Tokelau three times, from February 2000 until February 2001, from February 2003 until February 2004, and from February 2006 until February 2007. Kolouei O'Brien had a master's degree in navigation/yachting. He was born at Fakaofo and died at his home there on 11 May 2015.
Ngaoundéré
Ngaoundéré or N'Gaoundéré (Fula: N'gamdere, نغَمْدٜرٜ‎, 𞤲'𞤺𞤢𞤥𞤣𞤫𞥅𞤪𞤫𞥅) is the capital of the Adamawa Region of Cameroon. It had a population of 152,700 at the 2005 census. According to the film Les Mairuuwas – Maitre de l'eau produced by the University of Tromsø, the population has rapidly risen to 1,200,000 (as of October 2023) owing to mass immigration from the Central African Republic and the perceived danger from Boko Haram in northern Cameroon.

The city lies at the northern end of the railway to Yaoundé and is also home to Ngaoundéré Airport. Attractions in the city include the Lamido Palace and the Lamido Grand Mosque. The town is named after a nearby mountain on its eponymous plateau; the mountain's name is the Mbum word for "navel mountain". "Ngaou" mean mountain in Mbum,  and "Ndare" mean navel in Mbum language. Because of this some people call the navel of Adamwa. Mount Ngaoundéré is rockey. On the top of mountain, large stone lies on it. Ngaoundéré is close to Lake Tison.

Navel
The navel (clinically known as the umbilicus; pl.: umbilici or umbilicuses; also known as the belly button) is a protruding, flat, or hollowed area on the abdomen at the attachment site of the umbilical cord.
Arba Kokalari
Arba Kokalari (born 27 November 1986) is an Albanian-born Swedish politician of the Moderate Party who has been serving as a Member of the European Parliament since the 2019 European Parliament election in Sweden.

In parliament Kokalari serves on the Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection and the Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality. Since 2021 she has been her parliamentary group's shadow rapporteur on the Digital Services Act (DSA).

In addition to her committee assignments, Kokalari is a member of the delegation for relations with the United States and the European Parliament Intergroup on LGBT Rights.

Digital Services Act
The Digital Services Act (DSA) is an EU regulation that entered into force in 2022, establishing a comprehensive legal framework for digital services accountability, content moderation, and platform transparency across the European Union. It significantly updates the Electronic Commerce Directive 2000 in EU law by introducing graduated obligations based on service size and risk levels, and was proposed alongside the Digital Markets Act (DMA).

The DSA applies to all digital intermediary services, including hosting services, online platforms (such as social networks, online marketplaces, pornographic platforms, app stores), and search engines. It establishes a tiered regulatory approach: basic obligations for all services, enhanced duties for online platforms, and the most stringent requirements for Very Large Online Platforms (VLOPs) and Very Large Online Search Engines (VLOSEs) with over 45 million monthly active users in the EU.
Don't Call Me Angel
"Don't Call Me Angel" is a song by American singers Ariana Grande, Miley Cyrus, and Lana Del Rey. It was released on September 13, 2019, by Republic Records as the lead single from the soundtrack to the film Charlie's Angels, based on the television series of the same name created by Ivan Goff and Ben Roberts. The song reached number one in Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Lebanon, Scotland and Israel, as well as the top five in eleven other countries.

Savan Kotecha
Savan Harish Kotecha (born August 28, 1978) is an American record producer and songwriter. He was the executive music producer of the 2020 film Eurovision Song Contest: The Story of Fire Saga, for which he wrote and produced several songs and performed one song.
Adam Watene
Adam Watene (7 October 1977 – 13 October 2008), known as Adam Cook early in his career, also known by the nicknames of "Morlock", "Monster", and "The Gentle Giant", was a Cook Islands international rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s. He played at club level in Australia for the Wynnum Manly Seagulls, Burleigh Bears, and in England for the Castleford Tigers, the Bradford Bulls and the Wakefield Trinity Wildcats as a prop.

Morlock
Morlocks are one of the two fictional species of post-humans created by H. G. Wells for his 1895 novel The Time Machine (the other being the Eloi). The origin of the names is not established (with regard to Wells' inspiration or inspirations). In the Wells' story, the Morlocks are the novel's main antagonists. Since their creation by Wells, Morlock characters have appeared in many other works, including sequels, films, television shows, as well as in works by other authors (many of which deviate from the original description).
2012 Women's Masters Basel
47°29′54.5″N 7°36′54.4″E﻿ / ﻿47.498472°N 7.615111°E﻿ / 47.498472; 7.615111

The 2012 Women's Masters Basel were held from October 12 to 14 at the Curlingzentrum Region Basel in Basel, Switzerland as part of the 2012–13 World Curling Tour. The event was held in a triple knockout format, and the purse for the event was 32,000 CHF, of which the winner, Margaretha Sigfridsson, received 10,000 CHF. Sigfridsson won her second straight Women's Masters Basel title with a 6–3 win over Silvana Tirinzoni in the final.

Silvana Tirinzoni
Silvana Petra Tirinzoni (born 25 June 1979) is a Swiss curler from Zurich. She is a four-time women's world champion skip (2019, 2021, 2022, 2023) and seven-time Grand Slam champion. She is a former world junior champion and two-time European champion. Tirinzoni also represented Switzerland at the 2018, 2022, and 2026 Winter Olympics, winning silver medal in the 2026 edition of the event.
The Carnegie Hall Concerts: January 1943
The Carnegie Hall Concerts: January 1943 is a live album by American pianist, composer and bandleader Duke Ellington recorded at Carnegie Hall, in New York City in 1943 and released on the Prestige label in 1977.

Mercer Ellington
Mercer Kennedy Ellington (March 11, 1919 – February 8, 1996) was an American musician, composer, and arranger. His father was Duke Ellington, whose band Mercer led for 20 years after his father's death.
Cinerama Dome
The Cinerama Dome is a movie theater on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood, California that closed in 2020. Designed to exhibit widescreen Cinerama films, it opened November 7, 1963. The original developer was William R. Forman, founder of Pacific Theatres. The Cinerama Dome continued as a leading first-run theater, most recently as part of the ArcLight Hollywood complex, until it closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in California. The ArcLight chain closed permanently in April 2021, with the theater never having reopened. In June 2022, it was announced that there were plans to reopen under a new name, Cinerama Hollywood.

First run (filmmaking)
In cinematic parlance, a film in its first run has been recently  released. In North America, new films attract the majority of their theatrical viewers in the first few weeks after their release. In North America, different movie theaters pay different rates to show films depending on how recently they have been released.  In 1946, the Supreme Court of the United States found major film distributors in violation of antitrust laws when they precluded independent theaters from screening first-run films.

Some older, smaller, or poorly outfitted neighborhood or  discount theatres, or those in less desirable locations, specialize in showing films during their second run. These theatres get to keep a larger share of the ticket fees and often charge a lower ticket price.
Klapperkop Nature Reserve
Klapperkop Nature Reserve is a nature reserve of some 460 ha in Pretoria, Gauteng, which was established in 1898. It is managed by the Department of Nature Conservation. Fort Klapperkop, completed in 1897, is situated inside the reserve. The reserve is named for the prominent Klapperkop, a hill (or kopje) vegetated with klapper trees (Strychnos pungens) on its northern slopes.

Strychnos pungens
Strychnos pungens (English: spine-leaved monkey-orange, Afrikaans: Stekelblaarklapper) is a tree which belongs to the Loganiaceae. Usually about 5 m (16 ft) tall, occurring in mixed woodland or in rocky places. Branches are short and rigid. Leaves are smooth, stiff, opposite, elliptic and with a sharp, spine-like tip. Occurring in South Africa on the Witwatersrand, Magaliesberg and further north to northern Namibia, northern Botswana and Zimbabwe.

The fruit is large (120 mm (4.7 in) diameter), round and with a smooth hard shell, bluish-green in colour and turning yellow when ripe. The pulp of ripe fruit is rich in citric acid and is edible, but the seeds are mildly poisonous. The tree is a close relative of Strychnos nux-vomica, the source of strychnine.

bark

foliage

flowers

fruit