hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
August Fischer
August Fischer (14 February 1865 in Halle an der Saale – 14 February 1949 in Leipzig) was a German orientalist.

From 1883 to 1889 he studied theology and Oriental philology at the universities of Berlin, Marburg and Halle, receiving his doctorate with a thesis on the source biographies of Ibn Ishaq, Biographien von Gewährsmännern des Ibn Ishaq. In 1890 he obtained his habilitation for Oriental philology at the University of Halle, and several years later became an associate professor in Berlin. From 1900 to 1930 he was a full professor of Oriental philology at the University of Leipzig, where in 1914/15 he served as dean to the faculty of philosophy. For several years he was secretary of the philological-history group at the Saxon Academy of Sciences of Leipzig (1926–32).

He was a member of the Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo and he contributed his notes for the development of Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, the academy's project for a historical dictionary of Arabic.

Marburg University
Marburg University (German: Philipps-Universität Marburg) is a public research university located in Marburg, Germany. It was founded in 1527 by Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse, which makes it one of Germany's oldest universities and the oldest still operating Protestant university in the world. It is now a public university of the state of Hesse, without religious affiliation.

Marburg University has 21,162 students (2024/25) and is located in Marburg. It offers an International summer university programme and offers student exchanges through the Erasmus programme.
Phrygians (play)
The Phrygians (Ancient Greek: Φρύγες) or The Ransoming of Hector (Ancient Greek: Ἕκτορος Λύτρα) is a lost ancient Greek tragedy by Aeschylus, the renowned Athenian tragedian who flourished in the early half of the fifth century BC. The Phrygians was the third and final play of the Achilleis, a theatrical trilogy which adapted the core events of the Iliad; Achilles' anger at Agamemnon, the death of Patroclus at the hands of Hector, Achilles' grief and revenge against Hector, and finally Priam ransoming the body of his slain son.

Very few fragments remain from the lost drama and the trilogy overall, making its reconstruction hard. It is not clear what year the tetralogy premiered or what place it got in the festival, though it seems to have been very popular in antiquity.

Agamemnon
In Greek mythology, Agamemnon (/æɡəˈmɛmnɒn/ ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Ἀγαμέμνων Agamémnōn) was a king of Mycenae who commanded the Achaeans during the Trojan War. He was the son (or grandson) of King Atreus and Queen Aerope, the brother of Menelaus, the husband of Clytemnestra, and the father of Iphigenia, Iphianassa, Electra, Laodike, Orestes and Chrysothemis. Legends make him the king of Mycenae or Argos, thought to be different names for the same area. Agamemnon was killed upon his return from Troy by Clytemnestra, or in an older version of the story, by Clytemnestra's lover Aegisthus.
Acestrorhynchus pantaneiro
Acestrorhynchus pantaneiro, known commonly as the pike characin, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acestrorhynchidae, the freshwater barracudas. It was described by Naércio Aquino de Menezes in 1992. It inhabits the La Plata, Paraná, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Mamoré Rivers. It reaches a maximum total length of 35.2 cm (13.9 in), and a maximum weight of 396 g (14.0 oz).

A. pantaneiro feeds on bony fish. It is harvested by commercial fisheries.

Uruguay River
The Uruguay River (Spanish: Río Uruguay [ˈri.o wɾuˈɣwaj]; Portuguese: Rio Uruguai [ˈʁi.u uɾuˈɡwaj]) is a major river in South America. It flows from north to south and forms parts of the boundaries of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay, separating some of the Argentine provinces of the Mesopotamia from the other two countries. It passes between the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil; forms the eastern border of the provinces of Misiones, Corrientes and Entre Ríos in Argentina; and makes up the western borders of the departments of Artigas, Salto, Paysandú, Río Negro, Soriano and Colonia in Uruguay.
ECapital
eCapital, founded in 2006 and based in Miami, Florida, is a financial services company with operations spanning across Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The company specializes in asset-based lending, freight factoring, invoice factoring, healthcare receivables financing, and payroll funding.

Marius Silvasan currently holds the position of chief executive officer.

Asset-based lending
Asset-based lending is any kind of lending secured by an asset. This means, if the loan is not repaid, the asset is taken. In this sense, a mortgage is an example of an asset-based loan. More commonly however, the phrase is used to describe lending to business and large corporations using assets not normally used in other loans. Typically, the different types of asset-based loans include accounts receivable financing, inventory financing, equipment financing, or real estate financing. Asset-based lending in this more specific sense is possible only in certain countries whose legal systems allow borrowers to pledge such assets to lenders as collateral for loans (through the creation of enforceable security interests).
Dave Lee (basketball)
David Guy Lee (born March 31, 1942) is an American retired professional basketball player. He was a small forward who played two seasons in the American Basketball Association (ABA) as a member of the Oakland Oaks (1967–68) and the New Orleans Buccaneers (1968–69). Born in Modesto, California, Lee attended the University of San Francisco where he was drafted during the seventh round (59th pick overall) of the 1964 NBA draft by the San Francisco Warriors, but he never played for them.

University of San Francisco
The University of San Francisco (USF) is a private Jesuit university in San Francisco, California, United States. Founded in 1855, it has nearly 9,000 students pursuing undergraduate and graduate degrees in 59 major programs. In addition to its main campus in the Golden Gate area, it has satellite campuses in downtown San Francisco, Orange County, Sacramento, San Jose, and Santa Rosa.
Shigeru Komatsubara
Shigeru Komatsubara (小松原茂, Komatsubara Shigeru, born 1949) is a Japanese cinematographer. His work has mostly been in the action genre, but his first feature film was as an assistant on The Pornographers by Shohei Imamura. He worked on early Takashi Miike straight-to-video films such as Lady Hunter and A Human Murder Weapon, and then resumed working with Imamura as chief cinematographer for some of his last films such as Unagi and Dr. Akagi. He also did the cinematography for the 2013 TV series Neko Zamurai starring Kazuki Kitamura.

Kazuki Kitamura
Kazuki Kitamura (北村 一輝, Kitamura Kazuki; born July 17, 1969) is a Japanese film and television actor who won the award for best supporting actor at the 21st Yokohama Film Festival for Minazuki, Kyohansha and Kanzen-naru shiiku as well as the CUT ABOVE Award for Excellence in Film at JAPAN CUTS: Festival of New Japanese Film in New York in 2014.
Teaira McCowan
Teaira McCowan (born September 28, 1996; first name pronounced /tiːˈɛərə/ tee-AIR-ə) is Turkish-American professional basketball player who is currently a player for Fenerbahçe of the EuroLeague Women and Turkish Super League. She played college basketball for the Mississippi State Bulldogs.

EuroLeague Women
The EuroLeague Women (officially known as the FIBA EuroLeague Women) is the pre-eminent basketball league in Europe for women's basketball clubs.

Unlike the EuroLeague Men, the competition is entirely organized by FIBA Europe.
United States at the Pan American Games
The United States of America (USA) has sent athletes to every celebration of the  Pan American Games. The United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC) is the National Olympic Committee for the United States.

American athletes have won a total of 4999 medals at the Pan American Games, 11 at the Winter Pan American Games (which have been staged only once). Which brings their total medal tally to 5010. Also American athletes have won 266 medals at the Junior Pan American Games.

1990 Winter Pan American Games
The 1990 Winter Pan American Games, officially known as the I Winter Pan American Games (Spanish: I Juegos Panamericanos de Invierno) and commonly known as Las Leñas 1990, were held in Las Leñas, Argentina, from 16 September to 22 September 1990. They were the only Winter Pan American Games. 97 athletes from eight countries participated in one sport (alpine skiing).
Georgia–Poland relations
Georgia–Poland relations refers to the bilateral relations between Georgia and Poland. Both nations enjoy close and historically friendly relations, rooted in similar experiences, solidarity and shared struggles against foreign imperialism, especially that of Russia.
Georgia has an embassy in Warsaw. Poland has an embassy in Tbilisi.
Both countries are full members of the OSCE, the Council of Europe, the World Trade Organization and the United Nations. Poland is a member of the EU, which Georgia applied for in 2022.

Imperialism
Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultural imperialism). Imperialism focuses on establishing or maintaining hegemony and a more formal empire.

While related to the concept of colonialism, imperialism is a distinct concept that can apply to other forms of expansion and many forms of government.
Ira Neimark
Ira Neimark (December 12, 1921 – April 18, 2019) was an American author, lecturer, and retail executive. He served as chairman and CEO of Bergdorf Goodman from 1975 to 1992.

During his tenure at Bergdorf Goodman, along with Aaron Elisha, was introducing French haute couture to New York, collaborating with designers such as Yves Saint Laurent, Hubert de Givenchy, and Christian Dior. This introduction contributed to a period of growth for Bergdorf Goodman.

Neimark oversaw the expansion of the women’s store. In 1991, he led the opening ceremony for the Bergdorf Goodman Men's Store across the street from the primary location in New York City.

Hubert de Givenchy
Hubert James Marcel Taffin de Givenchy (French: [ybɛʁ də ʒivɑ̃ʃi]; 20 February 1927 – 10 March 2018) was a French fashion designer who founded the luxury fashion and perfume house of Givenchy in 1952. He is famous for having designed much of the personal and professional wardrobe of Audrey Hepburn and clothing for Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy. He was named to the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 1970.
Roderick Island
Roderick Island is an island in the North Coast region of British Columbia. To its west is Finlayson Channel, to its northeast Pooley Island, and to its south the Mathieson Channel and Susan Island. James Johnstone, one of George Vancouver's lieutenants during his 1791-95 expedition, first charted its north and west coasts in 1793. It was named by Captain Daniel Pender after Roderick Finlayson.

Daniel Pender
Daniel Pender was a Royal Navy Staff Commander, later captain, who surveyed the Coast of British Columbia aboard HMS Plumper, HMS Hecate and Beaver from 1857 to 1870.

Pender was recorded as the second master of the admiralty survey vessel, HMS Plumper, in 1857 when he arrived at Esquimalt. He was promoted as the ship's master in 1860. He was, however, transferred to HMS Hecate a year later after the Plumper was deemed too small and unsuitable for the coast's waters. When the British government commissioned the Hudson Bay Company to continue the hydraulic survey of the coast, he was given command of the company's Beaver. He replaced Captain George Henry Richards, who was recalled to Britain after he was appointed as the Hydrographer of the Royal Navy.
Arboretum de l'Hermet
45°14′N 4°24′E﻿ / ﻿45.23°N 4.4°E﻿ / 45.23; 4.4
The Arboretum de l'Hermet is an arboretum located at an altitude of 1000 metres, about 6 km east of Riotord, Haute-Loire, Auvergne, France. The arboretum was established in 1998 and contains introduced species such as giant sequoias, American red oak, Japanese larch, spruce, and fir.

Haute-Loire
Haute-Loire (French pronunciation: [ot lwaʁ] ⓘ; Occitan: Naut Léger or Naut Leir; English: Upper Loire) is a landlocked department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of south-central France. Named after the Loire River, it is surrounded by the departments of Loire, Ardèche, Lozère, Cantal and Puy-de-Dôme. In 2019, it had a population of 227,570; its inhabitants are called Altiligériens in French (English : Altiligerians).

The department, which has its prefecture in Le Puy-en-Velay, covers the upper reaches of the Loire and consists of the Loire Valley and the surrounding mountains in the Massif Central. It is one of the original 83 departments of France created in 1790 during the French Revolution. Parts of the department are included in the Livradois-Forez Regional Natural Park.
Blagoy Shklifov
Blagoy Stefanov Shklifov (Bulgarian: Благой Стефанов Шклифов; January 30, 1935 – September 25, 2003) was a Bulgarian dialectologist and phonologist.

Shklifov was born in Polykeraso (Chereshnitsa), Vitsi municipality (now Kastoria municipality), Kastoria regional unit, Greece in 1935.

In 1948, at the end of the Greek Civil War, he left his burned village and after a short stay in SFR Yugoslavia went to Hungary, with many refugees from Greek Macedonia. In 1964, he went to Bulgaria and studied at Sofia University "St. Clement of Ohrid". He was a lecturer at the University of Szeged, Hungary and at Sofia University, Bulgaria.

In his books, he claimed that the Slavophones of Greek Macedonia are  Bulgarians. For this reason, he was not permitted to enter Greece for 40 years. He died in September 2003 in a car crash during a field work trip in Greece. Some of his colleagues suspect he was murdered.

Vitsi
Vitsi (Greek: Βίτσι) is a former municipality in Kastoria regional unit, West Macedonia, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it has been part of the municipality of Kastoria, of which it is a municipal unit. It takes its name from Mount Vitsi which is the highest point within the municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 135.028 km2. The population is 1,145 (2021).  It includes the villages of Sidirochori (Σιδηροχώρι), Foteini (Φωτεινή), Metamorfosi (Μεταμόρφωση), Toichio (Τοιχιό), Vyssinia (Βυσσινιά), Oxya (Οξυά), Polykerasos (Πολυκέρασος) and Poimeniko (Ποιμενικό).  The village of Poimeniko has no permanent residents anymore.  The seat of the municipality was in Toichio.
Epinotia thapsiana
Epinotia thapsiana is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It was described by Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1847. It is found in the Netherlands, France, Spain, Portugal, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Serbia, North Macedonia, Albania, Greece, Russia, Asia Minor, Iran, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, China (Tianjin, Zhejiang, Anhui, Guizhou, Shaanxi) and Korea.

The wingspan is 13–16 mm. Adults are on wing from May to June and again from July to August in two generations per year.

The larvae feed on various herbaceous plants, including Thapsia, Ferrula, Crithmum, Ligustrum, Laserpitium and Foeniculum species.

Crithmum
Crithmum is a monospecific genus of flowering plant in the carrot family, Apiaceae. The sole species, Crithmum maritimum, is commonly known as  rock samphire, sea fennel or samphire. It is found in parts of the Old World and is edible.
Mycena crocea
Mycena crocea, commonly known as the walnut mycena, is a species of mushroom in the family Mycenaceae.

The small mushroom has a bright yellow, conical to broadly convex cap up to 15 mm (0.6 in) in diameter. The stem is tough and thin, up to 20 mm (0.8 in) tall, bright yellow at the top becoming progressively  orange towards the base. The gills are adnate, subdistant, and yellowish, becoming lighter in age; and the spore print is white.

The mushroom is saprobic and found exclusively on hickory nuts and walnuts in eastern North America.

Mycenaceae
The Mycenaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. According to the Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edition, 2008), the family contains 10 genera and 705 species. This is one of several families that were separated from the Tricholomataceae as a result of phylogenetic analyses. Taxa in the Mycenaceae are saprobic, have a cosmopolitan distribution, and are found in almost all ecological zones. The family was circumscribed by Caspar van Overeem in 1926.

The extinct genus Protomycena, described from Burdigalian age Dominican amber found on the island of Hispaniola is one of four known agaric genera in the fossil record.
Tony Exum
Thomas Exum Sr. (born June 16, 1952) is an American politician who is a Democratic member of the Colorado Senate. He represents District 11, which includes all or parts of Colorado Springs, Cimarron Hills and Stratmoor in El Paso County. Previously, Exum served in the Colorado House of Representatives, representing the 17th district from 2013 to 2015 and again from 2017 to 2023.

Stratmoor, Colorado
Stratmoor is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place (CDP) of which is both located,  and governed by El Paso County, Colorado, United States. The CDP is a part of the Colorado Springs, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population of the Stratmoor CDP was 6,518 at the United States Census 2020. The Colorado Springs post office (Zip Codes 80906).
The Memphis Tour
The Memphis Tour is a live DVD/CD by Australian singer Guy Sebastian, released on 3 May 2008 through Sony BMG. The DVD features a live recording of one of Sebastian's concerts from his national tour of the same name. Sebastian's backing band during the tour included Steve Cropper, Donald 'Duck' Dunn and Steve Potts, members of the American soul band the MGs, who recorded The Memphis Album with Sebastian in 2007. The DVD also includes a 20-minute documentary detailing the making of The Memphis Album. The CD features live audio from the same concert.

Sony BMG
Sony BMG Music Entertainment was an American record company owned as a 50–50 joint venture between Sony Corporation of America and Bertelsmann. The venture's successor, the revived Sony Music, is wholly owned by Sony, following their buyout of the remaining 50% held by Bertelsmann. BMG was instead rebuilt as BMG Rights Management on the basis of the remaining 200 artists.
Krzemlinek
Krzemlinek [kʂɛmˈlinɛk] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Pyrzyce, within Pyrzyce County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) south of Pyrzyce and 45 km (28 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Pyrzyce County
Pyrzyce County (Polish: powiat pyrzycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Pyrzyce, which lies 38 kilometres (24 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The only other town in the county is Lipiany, lying 16 km (10 mi) south of Pyrzyce.

The county covers an area of 725.71 square kilometres (280.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 39,931, out of which the population of Pyrzyce is 12,642, that of Lipiany is 4,124, and the rural population is 23,165.
Leif Axmyr
Leif Bruno Axmyr (11 June 1938 – 11 October 2018) was a Swedish convicted criminal. At the time of his release in 2016, he had been imprisoned longer than any other Swedish inmate who had served a life sentence. In May 1982, Axmyr was on leave from prison when he killed his ex-girlfriend and her male friend. He was sentenced to life imprisonment for the double murder and other offences. In 1997, the newspaper Svenska Dagbladet stated that Axmyr was Sweden's longest-serving prisoner in a Swedish prison. Örebro district court commuted his life sentence to 51 years in 2013; he was released on 2 June 2016 after serving 34 years in prison (two-thirds of his sentence).

Örebro
Örebro (/ˌɜːrəˈbruː/ UR-ə-BROO; Swedish: [œrɛˈbruː] ⓘ) is the seventh-largest city in Sweden, the seat of Örebro Municipality, and capital of Örebro County. It is situated by the Närke Plain, near the lake Hjälmaren, a few kilometers inland along the small river Svartån, and has a population of approximately 126,000 in the city proper. It is one of the largest inland hubs of the country, and a major logistic and commercial operating site.

Örebro is home to Örebro University, a major university hospital, a medieval castle, the water park Gustavsvik as well as several large shopping malls and the Oset and Rynningeviken Nature Reserve adjacent to lake Hjälmaren.

Örebro is a trade and logistics city with a strategic location 200 km from Stockholm, 330 km from Oslo and 280 km from Gothenburg. The city is served by Örebro Airport 10 km (6 mi) southwest of the city, and by Örebro Central Station, serviced by the Mälaren Line and Western Main Line.
Liberty Travel
Liberty Travel is a retail travel and cruise company headquartered at 5 Paragon Drive in Montvale, New Jersey, United States.  In 2016, Liberty Travel had over 125 stores in 14 states, and a total of 2,200 employees. Today, Liberty Travel has four stores.

Liberty Travel is a sister company of GOGO Worldwide Vacations, which markets vacation packages wholesale to independent retail travel agencies.

In 2008, Flight Centre Ltd., the largest travel company in Australia, acquired Liberty Travel and GOGO for $135 million.

Montvale, New Jersey
Montvale is a borough in northern Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, bordering the state of New York. The borough is part of the New York City metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 8,436, an increase of 592 (+7.5%) from the 2010 census count of 7,844, which in turn reflected an increase of 810 (+11.5%) from the 7,034 counted in the 2000 census.
Muscel County
Muscel County is a former first-order administrative district of Romania. It was located in the southern central part of Greater Romania, in the northwestern part of the historic region of Muntenia. Its territory is now mostly part of Argeș County, while some communes (Malu cu Flori, Pucheni and Văleni-Dâmbovița) now belong to Dâmbovița County. The county seat was Câmpulung.

The county was bordered on the west by Argeș County, to the north by the counties of Făgăraș and Brașov, and to the east by Dâmbovița County.

In 1938, the county was disestablished and incorporated into the newly formed Ținutul Argeș, but it was re-established in 1940 after the fall of Carol II's regime – only to be abolished on 6 September 1950 by the Communist regime.

Regions of the People's Republic of Romania
The regions represented the result of a Soviet-inspired experiment regarding the administrative and territorial organisation of the Romanian People's Republic (later Socialist Republic of Romania) between 1950 and 1968.

See also: Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of Romania.