hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Operation Rubicon (police investigation)
Operation Rubicon was a Scottish police investigation into allegations of phone hacking, breach of data protection and perjury.

The operation was initiated by a complaint from Tommy Sheridan's family solicitor, Aamer Anwar, including allegations of perjury, phone hacking and breach of data protection.

The operation was a major investigation, led by Detective Superintendent John McSporran. The Herald has reported that 50 officers are assigned to the case

The investigation detained Andy Coulson on 30 May 2012 and charged him with perjury.

On 3 June 2015, Coulson was formally acquitted after a judge dismissed the case against him. All other cases investigated by Operation Rubicon were dropped without coming to trial.

Information privacy
Information privacy, also known as data privacy or data protection, is the relationship between the collection and dissemination of data, technology, the public expectation of privacy, contextual information norms, and the legal and political issues surrounding them.

Various types of personal information often come under privacy concerns. Privacy concerns exist wherever personally identifiable information or other sensitive information is collected, stored, used, and finally destroyed or deleted – in digital form or otherwise. Improper or non-existent disclosure control can be the root cause for privacy issues. Informed consent mechanisms including privacy policies and dynamic consent are important in communicating to data subjects the different uses of their personally identifiable information.
Silver Creek, Missouri
Silver Creek was a village in Newton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 623 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area. On August 7, 2012, residents of the Village of Silver Creek and the City of Joplin voted to consolidate and become part of the city of Joplin.

Silver Creek (Shoal Creek tributary)
Silver Creek is a stream in Jasper and Newton counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Shoal Creek.

Silver Creek was so named on account of deposits of silver which allegedly were in the area.
Ben McGuire
Ben Thomas McGuire (born 31 December 1991) is an English cricketer.  McGuire is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium pace.  He was born in Ashington, Northumberland.

Having played for the Nottinghamshire Second XI since 2008, McGuire made his only appearance for Nottinghamshire in a List A match against Gloucestershire in the 2009 NatWest Pro40. In this match, he was dismissed for David Payne. It was in 2009 that McGuire made his debut for Staffordshire in Minor counties cricket, against Suffolk in the MCCA Knockout Trophy.  McGuire still plays for Staffordshire, making to date 8 Minor Counties Championship and 12 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. Having stopped playing for the Nottinghamshire Second XI in 2009, McGuire has represented the Worcestershire Second XI in 2011.

Suffolk County Cricket Club
Suffolk County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Suffolk.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Suffolk played List A matches occasionally from 1966 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
Notharctus
Notharctus is a genus of adapiform primate that lived in North America and Europe during the early to middle Eocene.

The body form of Notharctus is similar to that of modern rats. Its fingers were elongated for clamping onto branches, including the development of a thumb. Its spine is flexible and the animal was about 40 centimetres (16 in) in length, excluding the long tail.

There were at least four different Notharctus species. Fossils from at least seven other potential species have also been discovered.

Thumb
The thumb is the first digit of the hand, next to the index finger. When a person is standing in the medical anatomical position (where the palm is facing to the front), the thumb is the outermost digit. The Medical Latin English noun for thumb is pollex (compare hallux for big toe), and the corresponding adjective for thumb is pollical.
Requiem (Henze)
Requiem is an instrumental musical composition by Hans Werner Henze, premiered in Cologne on 24 February 1993. It consists of nine sacred concertos for piano solo, trumpet and large chamber orchestra. About this piece, the composer has the following comments.

These nine instrumental pieces are concerned with the human fears and problems of our time, with illness and death, love and loneliness, and in particular with the character of Michael Vyner, an extremely lively and passionate man, his life and his death, and my grief at his loss which stands for the loss of so many others who have also tragically departed from our world. The spirit of this music can be explained by such facts and by our time, by which it seems to me to be strongly influenced, by its horrors and passions, its beauty and dynamics. The movements of the Requiem can be played separately or in any desired combination. Hans Werner Henze

Ave verum corpus
Ave verum corpus is a short Eucharistic chant that has been set to music by many composers. It dates to the 13th century, first recorded in a central Italian Franciscan manuscript (Chicago, Newberry Library, 24). A Reichenau manuscript of the 14th century attributes it to Pope Innocent (variously identified as Innocent III, Innocent IV, Innocent V, or Innocent VI)

During the Middle Ages, it was sung at the elevation of the Eucharist during the consecration at Mass. It was also used frequently during Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament.

The prayer is a meditation on Jesus's Real Presence in the Blessed Sacrament, and ties it to the redemptive meaning of suffering in the life of all believers.
Type 30 rifle
The Type 30 rifle Arisaka (三十年式歩兵銃, Sanjū-nen-shiki hoheijū; 'year 30 type infantry firearm') is a box-fed bolt-action repeating rifle that was the standard infantry rifle of the Imperial Japanese Army from 1897 (the 30th year of the Meiji period, hence "Type 30") to 1905.

Service rifle
A service rifle (or standard-issue rifle) is any rifle a military issues to its regular soldiers or infantry. In modern militaries, this is generally a versatile, rugged, and reliable assault rifle or battle rifle, suitable for use in nearly all environments and is effective in most combat situations. Service rifles are solely designated and used as the primary weapon in almost all instances of warfare and training. Almost all modern militaries are also issued service pistols as sidearms to accompany their service rifles. The term can also be used to describe weapons issued by non-military forces, such as law enforcement or paramilitaries.

If the issued weapon is not a rifle or carbine, but instead a different type of firearm intended to serve in a specialized role such as a combat shotgun, submachine gun, or light machine gun, it is called a service firearm or service weapon.
NPR controversies
NPR, full name National Public Radio, is a privately and publicly funded non-profit membership media organization that serves as a national syndicator to 797 public radio stations in the United States.

Andrei Codrescu
Andrei Codrescu (Romanian pronunciation: [anˈdrej koˈdresku]; born December 20, 1946) is a Romanian-born American poet, novelist, essayist, screenwriter, and commentator for National Public Radio. He is the winner of the Peabody Award for his film Road Scholar and the Ovid Prize for poetry. He was the MacCurdy Distinguished Professor of English at Louisiana State University from 1984 until his retirement in 2009.
The Cloisters (Palm Springs)
The Cloisters is a house in Palm Springs, California. It was the residence of the American entertainer Liberace from 1967 until his death at the property in 1987.

It is located at 501 North Belardo Road in the Old Las Palmas area of Palm Springs. The house was depicted in the 2013 film Behind the Candelabra that chronicled Liberace's relationship with Scott Thorson.

Scott Thorson
Scott Thorson (January 23, 1959 – August 16, 2024) was an American known for his relationship with and lawsuit against Liberace. Thorson wrote a memoir on his time with Liberace, Behind the Candelabra: My Life with Liberace, which was published in 1988 and adapted into the Emmy-winning film Behind the Candelabra in 2013. Thorson was also a key witness in the trial for the 1981 killings, known as the Wonderland Massacre.
Macropus titan
Macropus titan is an extinct species of kangaroo belonging to the genus Macropus that lived in Australia during the Pleistocene. It is one of the largest known kangaroo species, with an estimated body mass of around 150 kilograms (330 lb), exceeding living kangaroos in size. Some authors have argued that the species should be considered a paleosubspecies of the eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) as Macropus giganteus titan.

Eastern grey kangaroo
The eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus: gigantic large-foot; also great grey kangaroo or forester kangaroo) is a marsupial found in the eastern third of Australia, with a population of several million. Although a large M. giganteus kangaroo male can typically weigh up to 69 kg (152 lb) and have a length of well over 2 m (6 ft 7 in), the scientific name is misleading as the red kangaroo of the semi-arid inland is larger, weighing up to 90 kg (200 lb).
Acacia volubilis
Acacia volubilis, also known as tangle wattle, is a shrub belonging to the genus Acacia. It is native to a small area in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia. It has been declared endangered under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.

Wheatbelt (Western Australia)
The Wheatbelt is one of nine regions of Western Australia defined as administrative areas for the state's regional development, and a vernacular term for the area converted to agriculture during colonisation. It partially surrounds the Perth metropolitan area, extending north from Perth to the Mid West region, and east to the Goldfields–Esperance region.  It is bordered to the south by the South West and Great Southern regions, and to the west by the Indian Ocean, the Perth metropolitan area, and the Peel region.  Altogether, it has an area of 154,862 square kilometres (59,793 sq mi) (including islands).

The region has 42 local government authorities, with an estimated population of 75,000 residents. The Wheatbelt accounts for approximately three per cent of Western Australia's population.
Pyrope
The mineral pyrope is a member of the garnet group. Pyrope is the only member of the garnet family to always display red colouration in natural samples, and it is from this characteristic that it gets its name: from the Greek words for fire and eye. Despite being less common than most garnets, it is a widely used gemstone with numerous alternative names, some of which are misnomers. Chrome pyrope, and Bohemian garnet are two alternative names, the usage of the latter being discouraged by the Gemological Institute of America. Misnomers include Colorado ruby, Arizona ruby, California ruby, Rocky Mountain ruby, Elie Ruby, Bohemian carbuncle, and Cape ruby.

Ultramafic rock
Ultramafic rocks (also referred to as ultrabasic rocks, although the terms are not wholly equivalent) are igneous and meta-igneous rocks with a very low silica content (less than 45%), generally >18% MgO, high FeO, low potassium, and are usually composed of greater than 90% mafic minerals (dark colored, high magnesium and iron content). Earth's mantle is composed of ultramafic rocks. Ultrabasic is a more inclusive term that includes igneous rocks with low silica content that may not be extremely enriched in Fe and Mg, such as carbonatites and ultrapotassic igneous rocks.
1964 Vuelta a España, Stage 9 to Stage 17
The 1964 Vuelta a España was the 19th edition of the Vuelta a España, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Vuelta began in Benidorm on 30 April, and Stage 9 occurred on 8 May with a stage from Pamplona. The race finished in Madrid on 16 May.

Avilés
Avilés (Asturian and Spanish: [aβiˈles] ⓘ) is a town in Asturias, Spain. Avilés is, along with Oviedo and Gijón, one of the main cities in the Principality of Asturias.

The town occupies the flattest land in the municipality, partially in a land that belonged to the sea, surrounded by small promontories, all of them having an altitude of less than 140 metres. Situated in the Avilés estuary, in the Northern Central area of the Asturian coast, west of Peñas Cape, is its national seaport.

Avilés is mainly an industrial city. It is close to popular beaches like Salinas. It also has important churches like St. Thomas of Canterbury.
Avilés has also cultural spaces such as the Palacio Valdés Theatre (in Spanish: Teatro Palacio Valdés) or the Oscar Niemeyer International Cultural Centre (in Spanish: Centro Cultural Internacional Oscar Niemeyer).
Paris, Oregon
Paris is an unincorporated community in Lane County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is a rural locale in the Central Oregon Coast Range north of the Siuslaw River and south of the Alsea River along one of its tributaries, Five Rivers.

Central Oregon Coast Range
The Central Oregon Coast Range is the middle section of the Oregon Coast Range, in the Pacific Coast Ranges physiographic region, and located in the west-central portion of the state of Oregon, United States roughly between the Salmon River and the Umpqua River and the Willamette Valley and the Pacific Ocean. This approximately 90-mile (140 km) long mountain range contains mountains as high as 4,097 feet (1,249 m) for Marys Peak.
Portions of the range are inside the Siuslaw National Forest and three wilderness areas exist as well: Drift Creek Wilderness, Cummins Creek Wilderness and Rock Creek Wilderness.
H. B. Tenne
Henry Bernard Tenne (born 11 August 1894) was a  politician in British Ceylon and the later Dominion of Ceylon.

Tenne was elected as an independent member at the 1st parliamentary election, held between 23 August 1947 and 20 September 1947, representing the Dambulla electorate, securing 57.5% of the total vote.

He was re-elected to the seat of Dambulla at the 2nd parliamentary election, held in May 1952, representing the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP), with 54% of the total vote. Immediately prior to the 1956 parliamentary elections Tenne switched allegiance to the United National Party (UNP) and subsequently ran as the party's candidate in the Dambulla electorate, where he was defeated by the SLFP's candidate, T. B. Tennekoon, 14,688 votes to 5,533 votes.

Dambulla Electoral District
Dambulla electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between August 1947 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Dambulla in Matale District, Central Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Dambulla electoral district was replaced by the Matale multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the PR system, though Dambulla continues to be a polling division of the multi-member electoral district.
Gail Buckner
Gail McAndrew Buckner (born September 5, 1950) is an American politician who served as a Democratic member of the Georgia State Senate, representing its 44th District from 2009 to 2011. She previously served in the Georgia State Assembly, representative of District 76, encompassing parts of Clayton County  from 1990 to 2006. Buckner represented District 76. Buckner was a candidate for Secretary of State of Georgia in 2006, but lost to Republican Karen Handel.

Georgia State Senate
The Georgia State Senate is the upper house of the Georgia General Assembly, in the U.S. state of Georgia. The Georgia State Senate and the lower house of the General Assembly, the Georgia House of Representatives, comprise the bicameral legislature of the state. Combined, the Senate and the House maintain authority under Article III. of the 1983 Constitution of Georgia to enact laws "necessary and proper for the welfare of the state", although state law is subordinate to the state constitution, the United States Constitution, and federal law.

Like most upper houses in the United States, the Senate has the exclusive power to confirm various appointments made by the governor of Georgia, and to try cases of impeachment brought by the House. The Senate is often considered a springboard for those ultimately seeking higher office; all of the state's most recent governors have served in the State Senate.
Alexa-Jeanne Dubé
Alexa-Jeanne Dubé (1988; Montreal) is a Canadian actress and film director. She is most noted as a two-time Prix Iris nominee for Best Live Action Short Film, receiving nods at the 22nd Quebec Cinema Awards in 2020 for BKS (SDR), and at the 24th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2022 for Joutel.

As an actress she is most noted for the web series Féminin/Féminin, for which she was a Gémeaux Award nominee for Best Actress in a Web Series in 2015. She was also the narrator of Amélie Hardy's 2022 documentary film About Memory and Loss (Notes sur la mémoire et l'oubli).

Her feature film debut, Sweet Sixteen (Sucré seize), premiered in fall 2023 at the Raindance Film Festival.

She is the sister of electronic musician Christophe "CRi" Dubé, and directed the music video for his 2020 single "Never Really Get There".

About Memory and Loss
About Memory and Loss (French: Notes sur la mémoire et l'oubli) is a Canadian short documentary film, directed by Amélie Hardy and released in 2022. Based on Rafaële Germain's non-fiction essay Un présent infini: notes sur la mémoire et l'oubli, the film is a meditation on the cultural process of deciding what elements of history to preserve and archive for posterity, and what elements of history to discard.

The film premiered at the 2022 Festival du nouveau cinéma.
Bruno Ernandes
Bruno Ernandes da Silva Lemos (born 1 July 1999), known as Bruno Ernandes, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a centre-forward for the Cambodian Premier League club ISI Dangkor Senchey.

Cambodian Premier League
The Cambodian Premier League (Khmer: លីគកំពូលកម្ពុជា, Lik Kampul Kampuchea [lik kɑmˈpuːl ˌkampuˈciə]) is a top association football division in Cambodia and administered by the Cambodian Football League Company (CFLC). Contested by 11 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Cambodian League 2.
Annette Zippelius
Annette Zippelius (born 25 June 1949) is a German physicist, Leibniz Prize winner and an emeritus professor from the University of Göttingen known for her research on complex fluids and soft matter. In 1988 she was appointed to the Chair of Theoretical Physics at the University of Göttingen, making her the first woman to be appointed as a professor of C4 physics in Germany. And in 1998, She was awarded the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize for the construction of an exact network-model with the functioning proprieties of an associative memory. Most recently, in 2023 she was awarded the University Medal "In Publica Commoda" from the University of Göttingen for her service to the university.

Complex fluid
Complex fluids are mixtures that have a coexistence between two  phases: solid–liquid (suspensions or solutions of macromolecules such as polymers), solid–gas (granular), liquid–gas (foams) or liquid–liquid (emulsions). They exhibit unusual mechanical responses to applied  stress or  strain due to the geometrical constraints that the phase coexistence imposes.  The mechanical response includes transitions between solid-like and fluid-like behavior as well as fluctuations.  Their mechanical properties can be attributed to characteristics such as high disorder, caging, and clustering on multiple length scales.
Hagner
Hagner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Burton Hagner (1826–1915), United States federal judge

Belle Hagner (1875–1943), first United States social secretary

Donald Hagner (born 1936), American theologian

Matthias Hagner (born 1974), German footballer

Meredith Hagner (born 1987), American actress

Peter Hagner (1772–1850), American clerk

Peter V. Hagner (1815–1893), United States Army officer

Viviane Hagner, German violinist

Belle Hagner
Isabella Louisa Hagner James (July 23, 1875 – November 1, 1943) was the first White House social secretary. She served in the administrations of President Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson.
Muiris Ó Gibealláin
Muiris Ó Gibealláin was an Irish jurist, singer, philosopher, poet, and musician, who died in 1328.

Ó Gibealláin was a member of a family originally from Elphin in what is now County Roscommon, who were notable jurists and churchmen in medieval Ireland.

The Annals of Connacht give a lengthy obituary for him, under the year 1328:

Muiris O Gibillain, chief master in Ireland of Law both old and new, Civil and Canon, a learned and erudite philosopher accomplished in poetry and Ogham lore and many other arts, a choral canon at Tuam and at Elphin and at Achonry and at Killala and at Annaghdown and at Clonfert, Official and general judge of the archdiocese, rested in Christ.

The surname is now generally rendered as Giblin, Giblan, or Giblon.

Clonfert
Clonfert (Irish: Cluain Fearta) is a small village in east County Galway, Ireland, halfway between Ballinasloe and Portumna. The village gives its name to the Diocese of Clonfert. Clonfert Cathedral is one of the eight cathedral churches of the Church of Ireland, Diocese of Limerick and Killaloe. The cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Clonfert is located in Loughrea and is home to the Shrine of Our Lady of Clonfert. Three churches lay in this parish, St. Brendan's Eyrecourt, St. Francis Meelick and Clonfert. Its current parish priest (2021) is Fr. Declan McInerney and its bishop Michael Duignan. The village is in a civil parish of the same name.
Shuwala
Shuwala (Šuwala) was a Hurrian goddess who was regarded as the tutelary deity of Mardaman, a Hurrian city in the north of modern Iraq. She was also worshiped in other Hurrian centers, such as Nuzi and Alalakh, as well as in Ur in Mesopotamia, Hattusa in the Hittite Empire and in the Syrian cities Emar and Ugarit.

An association between her and the goddess Nabarbi is present in many Hurrian documents. It is also assumed that she was an underworld goddess, and she frequently appears alongside other deities of such character, Allani and dU.GUR, possibly a logographic spelling of the name of Nergal.

Ugarit
Ugarit (/juːˈɡɑːrɪt, uː-/; Ugaritic: 𐎜𐎂𐎗𐎚, ủgrt /ʾUgarītu/) was an ancient Levantine coastal city located in what is today northern Syria. The site, with its corpus of ancient cuneiform texts, was discovered in 1928. The texts were written in a previously unknown Northwest Semitic tongue—the Ugaritic language. Archaeological excavations of Ugarit show evidence of occupation since the 8th millennium BC. Research has focused on the late Bronze Age levels; relatively little is known about earlier occupation. The ongoing archaeological investigation of Ugarit has proven to be invaluable to the study of the Bronze Age in the eastern Mediterranean.

Ugarit is 10 km (6.2 mi) north of the Syrian city Latakia; at its zenith it ruled an area roughly equivalent to the modern Latakia Governorate. The ruins are often called "Ras Shamra" or "Tell Shamra" after the local place names.