hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1967 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1967.

Burrow
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion. Burrows provide a form of shelter against predation and exposure to the elements, and can be found in nearly every biome and among various biological interaction types, including symbiosis and competition. Many animal species are known to form burrows. These species range from small amphipods, to very large vertebrate species such as the polar bear. Burrows can be constructed into a wide variety of substrates and can range in complexity from a simple tube a few centimeters long to a complex network of interconnecting tunnels and chambers hundreds or thousands of meters in total length; an example of the latter level of complexity, a well-developed burrow, would be a rabbit warren.
Isotopes of actinium
Actinium (89Ac) has no stable isotopes and no characteristic terrestrial isotopic composition, thus a standard atomic weight cannot be given. There are 34 known isotopes, from 203Ac to 236Ac, and 9 isomers. Three isotopes are found in nature, 225Ac, 227Ac and 228Ac, as intermediate decay products of, respectively, 237Np, 235U, and 232Th. 228Ac and 225Ac are extremely rare, so almost all natural actinium is 227Ac.

The most stable isotopes are 227Ac with a half-life of 21.772 years, 225Ac with a half-life of 9.919 days, and 226Ac with a half-life of 29.37 hours. All other isotopes have half-lives under seven hours, and most under a minute. The shortest-lived known isotope is 217Ac with a half-life of 69 ns.

Purified 227Ac comes into equilibrium with its decay products (mainly 227Th and 223Ra) after 185 days.

Uranium-235
Uranium-235 (235U or U-235) is an isotope of uranium making up about 0.72% of natural uranium. Unlike the predominant isotope uranium-238, it is fissile, i.e., it can sustain a nuclear chain reaction. It is the only fissile isotope that exists in nature as a primordial nuclide.

Uranium-235 has a half-life of 704 million years.  It was discovered in 1935 by Arthur Jeffrey Dempster. Its fission cross section for slow thermal neutrons is about 584.3±1 barns. For fast neutrons it is on the order of 1 barn.
Most neutron absorptions induce fission, though a minority (about 15%) result in the formation of uranium-236.
Superman: Up, Up and Away!
"Up, Up, and Away!" is an eight-issue Superman story arc written by Geoff Johns and Kurt Busiek with art by Pete Woods. The story primarily features a powerless Clark Kent (having lost his powers in the climax to Infinite Crisis) using his skills as a journalist to defend Metropolis  from both organized crime and Lex Luthor, newly bankrupt and disgraced due to his actions in the series 52. Gradually, however, Superman begins to regain his powers, just in time to battle the embittered Luthor as he seeks to inflict his revenge upon Metropolis with the help of stolen Kryptonian battle technology and redesigned versions of the Toyman and Kryptonite Man.

It was originally published in Action Comics #837-840 and Superman #650-653 by DC Comics from May through August 2006. This was the first One Year Later Superman story.

Metropolis (comics)
Metropolis is a fictional city appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, best known as the home of Superman, his closest allies and some of his foes. First appearing by name in Action Comics #16 (Sept. 1939), Metropolis is depicted as a prosperous and massive city somewhere in the Northeastern United States. In recent years, it has been stated to be located in New York or Delaware.
The co-creator and original artist of Superman, Joe Shuster, modeled the Metropolis skyline after Toronto, where he was born and lived until he was ten. Since then, however, the look and feel of Metropolis has been greatly influenced by New York City.

Within the DC Universe, Metropolis is depicted as being one of the largest and wealthiest cities in the world, having a population of 11 million citizens.

In addition to Superman, the city is also home to other superheroes, such as Booster Gold, Thorn, Gangbuster, Hawkgirl and others.
Battlestar Galactica Deadlock
Battlestar Galactica Deadlock is a turn-based strategy video game developed by Black Lab Games and published by Slitherine Software for Windows on 31 August 2017. It is based on the science fiction franchise Battlestar Galactica.

Strategy video game
A strategy video game is a video game genre that emphasizes strategic or tactical planning and decision-making, often involving the indirect control of multiple units and the management of limited resources, rather than the quick reflexes typical of action games.

Strategy video games are commonly divided into two main forms: turn-based strategy (TBS), in which players act in discrete turns, and real-time strategy (RTS), in which play proceeds continuously. Many also incorporate elements such as tactics, diplomacy, economics, or exploration.

Electronic strategy games developed in part from earlier non-digital board games and wargames, and scholars note that the definition of “strategy” in games is not entirely uniform across contexts.
Barycholos ternetzi
Barycholos ternetzi is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Cerrado of central Brazil.
Its natural habitats are gallery forest and open areas in the Cerrado. It lives in the leaf-litter. This common species is declining. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by many sources (agriculture, logging, agricultural pollution, fires and dam construction). Four different vocalization of the Barycholos ternetzi have been identified. The advertisement call is the most common, an aggressive call is emitted in response to a male that is in the vicinity or neighbor male, a distress call is released when the male is found or caught, and lastly the fighting call is emitted during physical interactions.

Gallery forest
A gallery forest is one formed as a corridor along rivers or wetlands, projecting into landscapes that are otherwise only sparsely treed such as savannas, grasslands, or deserts. The gallery forest maintains a more temperate microclimate above the river. Defined as long and narrow forest vegetation associated with rivers, gallery forests are structurally and floristically heterogeneous.

The habitats of these forests differ from the surrounding landscapes because they are, for example, more nutrient-rich or moister and/or there is less chance of fires. The forests are sometimes only a few meters wide, because they depend on the water they lie along.
Georgia Ensemble Theatre and Conservatory
Georgia Ensemble Theatre and Conservatory (GET) is the resident professional theater at the Roswell Cultural Arts Center in Roswell, Georgia.

GET was founded in 1992 by Artistic Director, Robert J. Farley and Managing Director Anita Allen-Farley. It stages professional productions and conducts theater classes for youth and adults in all levels of theatre crafts.

GET hosted a world premiere of The Invisible Man by Larry Larson and Eddie Levi Lee, commissioned by GET.

Roswell, Georgia
Roswell is a city in northern Fulton County, Georgia, United States. At the official 2020 census, the city had a population of 92,883, making Roswell the state's ninth largest city. A suburb of Atlanta, Roswell has an affluent National Register Historic District.
Australia's Greatest Athlete season 3
The third season of Australia's Greatest Athlete was broadcast on the Seven Network and was hosted by Mark Beretta, with last season's competitor Wendell Sailor. Mark Webber and past season winner Billy Slater presented occasional fitness tips and interviews with the competitors in video packages.

Billy Slater, who won the first two seasons of the show, did not defend his title due to recovery from shoulder surgery, but was still involved in the show as a 'Rexona ambassador' alongside Mark Webber, where each also tips a player in each event. This season was filmed at the Novotel Twin Waters Resort on the Sunshine Coast in Queensland.

The season began on 13 February 2011 at 4:30pm for a total of six episodes.

Mark Beretta
Major Mark Beretta (born 16 June 1966) is an Australian journalist, best known as a sports presenter on Seven Network program Sunrise, he has also been an officer in the Australian Army Reserve in public relations since 2019.

In July 2008, Beretta began presenting Seven Early News sport alongside Natalie Barr at 5:30 am, which leads into Sunrise, where he is still the sports presenter. Beretta joined with Tom Williams to host Rexona Australia's Greatest Athlete, in 2010. In 2011, he again hosted the show, this time alongside dual international Wendell Sailor.
Kamionek Wielki, Węgorzewo County
Kamionek Wielki (Polish pronunciation: [kaˈmjɔnɛk ˈfjɛlkʲi]; German: Ziegelei Steinort) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Węgorzewo, within Węgorzewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, near the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It is situated approximately 11 km (7 mi) south-west of Węgorzewo and 85 km (53 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Węgorzewo
Węgorzewo (Polish pronunciation: [vɛŋɡɔˈʐɛvɔ] ⓘ; until 1946 Polish: Węgobork; German: Angerburg) is a tourist town on the Angrapa River in northeastern Poland, within the ethnographic region of Masuria. It is the seat of Węgorzewo County in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and is located not far from the border with Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast. Lake Mamry is close to the town.
Garford Road
Garford Road is a residential road in North Oxford, England.

The road is a cul-de-sac and leads east off Charlbury Road. To the south is Linton Road and Wolfson College, Oxford, which has residences on the road. The houses on the road were mostly leased from St John's College in 1928–30, largely designed by Christopher Wright, who also designed houses in Belbroughton Road to the north. One of the houses is known as Garford House.

St John's College, Oxford
St John's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Founded as a men's college in 1555, it has been coeducational since 1979. Its founder, Sir Thomas White, intended to provide a source of educated Roman Catholic clerics to support the Counter-Reformation under Queen Mary.

St John's is the wealthiest college in Oxford, with assets worth over £790 million as of 2022, largely due to nineteenth-century suburban development of land in the city of Oxford of which it is the ground landlord.

The college occupies a site on St Giles' and in 2024 had a student body of 419 undergraduates and 244 postgraduates. There are over 100 academic staff, and a like number of other staff. In 2018 St John's topped the Norrington Table, the annual ranking of Oxford colleges' final results, and in 2021, St John's ranked second with a score of 79.8.
Friedrich Hustedt
Friedrich Hustedt (1886 – 1 April 1968) was a German teacher and botanist, best known for his diatom systematics research.

He was born and grew up in Bremen, Germany. He taught school for 32 years, in 1924 becoming the head teacher of the school at Hauffstraße in Bremen. Hustedt initially pursued his interest in diatoms as a hobby, but his standing in the scientific community grew rapidly; thus, in 1939 he left school to study diatoms full-time. He described over 2000 diatom taxa and eventually amassed the largest private diatom collection in the world which is currently housed at the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in Bremerhaven, Germany.

The phycological genera Hustedtia and Hustedtiella commemorate his name.

Systematics
Systematics is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time. Relationships are visualized as evolutionary trees (synonyms: phylogenetic trees, phylogenies).  Phylogenies have two components: branching order (showing group relationships, graphically represented in cladograms) and branch length (showing amount of evolution).  Phylogenetic trees of species and higher taxa are used to study the evolution of traits (e.g., anatomical or molecular characteristics) and the distribution of organisms (biogeography). Systematics, in other words, is used to understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth.

The word systematics is derived from the Latin word of Ancient Greek origin systema, which means systematic arrangement of organisms. Carl Linnaeus used 'Systema Naturae' as the title of his book.
Borghild Røyseland
Borghild Røyseland  (23 August 1926 – 13 July 2020) was a Norwegian politician.

She was born in Kvinesdal to Ånen Jerstad and Bertine Marie Gjelmestad, and settled in Sandnes. She was elected representative to the Storting for the period 1985–1989 for the Christian Democratic Party, from the constituency of Rogaland. She was reelected for the period 1989–1993.

From 1985 to 1989 she was a member of the Enlarged Committee on Foreign and Constitutional Affairs and the Standing Committee on Consumer Affairs and Administration. From 1989 to 1993 she was a member of the Standing Committee on Social Affairs.

She died on 13 July 2020, at the age of 93.

Enlarged Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence
The Enlarged Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence is a special committee of the Parliament of Norway. It holds non-disclosed discussions with the government regarding important issues of foreign affairs, trade policy and security issues. Other issues are discussed in the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence. The enlarged committee consists of the members of the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence, the parliamentary leaders and the president.

Prior to 2009, the committee was called the Enlarged Committee on Foreign Affairs and consisted of both the members of the now defunct Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and the defunct Standing Committee on Defence.
National Progressive Party (Kiribati)
The National Progressive Party (NPP, GNPP in some sources) also known as the Kiribati Tabomoa Party, was a political party, first of the Gilbert Islands, then in Kiribati when it became the majority party in 1978, defeating the Gilbertese National Party. It was ultimately without parliamentary representation, notably after the defeat of the President Teatao Teannaki, when the party only won seven seats contrasted with the Christian democratic party which won 13 seats. Its last leader Harry Tong joined the Maneaban te Mauri before the 2003 elections.

Gilbert Islands
The Gilbert Islands (Gilbertese: Tungaru; formerly Kingsmill or King's-Mill Islands) are a chain of sixteen atolls and coral islands in the Pacific Ocean, about halfway between Papua New Guinea and Hawaii. They constitute the main part of the country of Kiribati (the name of which is a rendering of "Gilberts" in the phonology of the indigenous Gilbertese).
Elsworth Wood
Elsworth Wood is a 6.9-hectare (17-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest between Cambourne and Elsworth in Cambridgeshire.

This site has three different uncommon types of woodland. It is mainly coppiced field maple, with a varied shrub layer and the ground flora is mainly dog's mercury and bluebells, together with a considerable population of oxlips. There are several nationally uncommon beetles, such as the rove beetle Stichoglossa semirufa.

The site is private land with no public access.

Cambourne
Cambourne is a town and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England, in the district of South Cambridgeshire. It is a planned development and lies on the A428 road between Cambridge, 9 miles (14 km) to the east, and St Neots and Bedford to the west. It comprises the four areas of Great Cambourne, Lower Cambourne, Upper Cambourne, and West Cambourne. The area is close to Bourn Airfield.

Cambourne is the largest settlement in South Cambridgeshire, with a population of 12,350 in the 2021 UK census.
2016 Asian Women's U19 Volleyball Championship
The 2016 Asian Junior Women's Volleyball Championship was held in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand from 23 July to 31 July 2016. It acted as the Asian qualifying tournament for the 2017 FIVB Volleyball Women's U20 World Championship.

Nakhon Ratchasima
Nakhon Ratchasima (Thai: นครราชสีมา, pronounced [ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn râːt.t͡ɕʰā.sǐː.māː]) is the capital of Nakhon Ratchasima province, the largest city in Northeastern Thailand and the third-largest city in Thailand. It is 250 kilometres (160 mi) northeast of Bangkok, one of the four major cities of Isan (Northeast Thailand), known as the "big four of Isan", and has a population of 466,098 people as of 2021. The city is commonly known as Korat (โคราช, pronounced [kʰōː.râːt]), a shortened form of its name.

Korat is at the western edge of the Korat Plateau. Historically, it once marked the boundary between Lao and Siam territory. It is the gateway to the Lao-speaking northeast of Thailand.
Gwendalyn Gibson
Gwendalyn Gibson is an American professional mountain bike rider from Southern California. She competes in cross-country, short track, and eliminator mountain bike racing. She was the 2016 national champion and competed at the 2017 worlds in Cairns, Australia.

She won her first World Cup at the UCI round in Snoeshow, West Virginia. She won bronze at the 2022 MTB short track world championships in Les Gets, France, behind winner Pauline Ferrand-Prévot and silver medalist Alessandra Keller.

Gibson continues to compete professionally and is considered one of the top American female mountain bikers in cross-country and short track racing. She aims to qualify for the 2024 Olympics in mountain biking.

2022 UCI Mountain Bike World Championships
The 2022 UCI Mountain Bike World Championships were held in the French commune Les Gets from 24 to 28 August 2022.

Les Gets, located in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France close to the border with Switzerland, previously hosted the 2004 UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships. The Les Gets Bike Park, which is located within the Portes du Soleil ski area, has 128 km (80 mi) of marked trails and provides for downhill, cross-country, freestyle, freeride, and e-mountain biking.
Bank voor Handel en Scheepvaart
Bank voor Handel en Scheepvaart N.V. was a Dutch bank that provided financial services for the House of Orange-Nassau and German industrialist and financier of Adolf Hitler, Fritz Thyssen. It was founded in 1916 by August Thyssen. One of its subsidiaries was the American bank Union Banking Corporation. The funds for Hitler's Brown House were routed through Bank voor Handel en Scheepvaart and Union Banking Corporation. Thyssen also routed funds meant for South America through Bank voor Handel en Scheepvaart and then Union Banking Corporation. In August 1946, the clandestine Operation Juliana was organised to re-appropriate the Orange-Nassau stock portfolio that had been transferred to Berlin. Prior to the Second World War, Thyssen used Bank voor Handel en Scheepvaart to route iron imports destined for Vereingte Stahlwerke AG into Germany. The bank was later converted into TBG AG by heir Hans Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza.

Fritz Thyssen
Friedrich "Fritz" Thyssen (9 November 1873 – 8 February 1951) was a German businessman, born into one of Germany's leading industrial families. He was an early supporter and financial backer of the Nazi Party but later broke with it. He was arrested in 1941 and was confined in Nazi concentration camps. Liberated at the end of the war in Europe, he was found to be a "lesser offender" in denazification proceedings and was fined. He emigrated to Argentina in 1950 where he died.
Escola v. Coca-Cola Bottling Co.
Escola v. Coca-Cola Bottling Co., 24 Cal.2d 453, 150 P.2d 436 (1944), was a decision of the Supreme Court of California involving an injury caused by an exploding bottle of Coca-Cola.  It was an important case in the development of the common law of product liability in the United States, not so much for the actual majority opinion, but for the concurring opinion of California Supreme Court justice Roger Traynor.

Pacific Reporter
The Pacific Reporter, Pacific Reporter Second, and Pacific Reporter Third (ISSN 1044-9442) are United States regional case law reporters.  It is part of the National Reporter System created by John B. West for West Publishing Company, which is now part of Thomson West.

The Pacific Reporter contains published appellate court case decisions for:

Alaska

Arizona

California

Colorado

Hawaii

Idaho

Kansas

Montana

Nevada

New Mexico

Oklahoma

Oregon

Utah

Washington

Wyoming

When cited, the Pacific Reporter, Pacific Reporter Second, and Pacific Reporter Third are abbreviated "P.", "P.2d", and "P.3d", respectively.
Rock Fujiyama
Rock Fujiyama (Japanese: ロックフジヤマ, Hepburn: Rokku Fujiyama) is a Japanese music variety television show that was broadcast by TV Tokyo from April 3, 2006, to March 26, 2007. It is the substantial remake of Heavymeta-san that was broadcast in 2005 in Japan. Despite the title, the key genre in the program is heavy metal, just like Heavymeta-san.

In June 2020, "Rock Fujiyama" official YouTube channel was established.

Paul Gilbert
Paul Brandon Gilbert (born November 6, 1966) is an American hard rock and heavy metal guitarist. He is the co-founder of the band Mr. Big, and was also a member of Racer X, with whom he released several albums. In 1996, Gilbert launched a solo career, for which he has released numerous solo albums, and featured in numerous collaborations and guest appearances on other musicians' albums.

Gilbert was voted fourth-best on Guitar One magazine's 2007 "Top 10 Greatest Guitar Shredders of All Time". He was also ranked in Guitar World's 2008 list, "50 Fastest Guitarists of All Time". Gilbert was ranked number one in Loudwire Magazine's list of "10 Stupidly Fast Guitarists in Metal".
Econazole/triamcinolone
Econazole/triamcinolone is a combination drug, consisting of econazole (an imidazole antifungal) and triamcinolone (a group III topical steroid).

It is used as a topical cream against fungal skin infections, including Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum and Candida albicans.

Epidermophyton floccosum
Epidermophyton floccosum is a filamentous fungus that causes skin and nail infections in humans. This anthropophilic dermatophyte can lead to diseases such as tinea pedis (athlete's foot), tinea cruris, tinea corporis and onychomycosis. Diagnostic approaches of the fungal infection include physical examination, culture testing, and molecular detection. Topical antifungal treatment, such as the use of terbinafine, itraconazole, voriconazole, and ketoconazole, is often effective.

E. floccosum is one of the 2 species in the genus Epidermophyton. During the 20th century, this species was the fourth most common cause of dermatophytosis in North America. This ascomycete has a worldwide distribution but is more commonly isolated from patients in tropical and subtropical areas. The non-soil associated fungus has no specific growth conditions and shows characteristic smooth club-shaped macroconidia under the microscope.