hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neil Laughton
Neil Adrian Denis Laughton (born 31 October 1963) is a former army officer, entrepreneur and adventurer.  He has completed the Explorers Grand Slam of climbing the highest mountains on all seven continents and reaching both the North and South Poles.  He holds a number of world firsts and Guinness World Records records for his expeditions on land, sea and air.

Herne Hill Velodrome
The Herne Hill Velodrome is an outdoor velodrome in Herne Hill, in south London. It is one of the oldest cycling tracks in the world, having been built in 1891. It hosted the track cycling events in the 1948 Summer Olympics and was briefly the home of Crystal Palace Football Club during World War I.

Between 1987, when the track at Paddington Recreation Ground was demolished, and 2011, when the London Velopark for the 2012 Summer Olympics opened, Herne Hill was the only track in London.
Anhangabaú River
The Anhangabaú River (in Portuguese: Rio Anhangabaú) is a river in São Paulo, Brazil.

The Anhangabaú River cuts through the very oldest part of central São Paulo, though it has been canalized since the first decade of the 20th century.

The green space and plazas above the subterranean river is a popular place for various large public gatherings, including cultural events at the annual Virada Cultural, as well as numerous political protests. On 16 April 1984, approximately 1.5 million people gathered in the Anhangabaú Valley to protest the military dictatorship.

Central Zone of São Paulo
The Central Zone (Portuguese: Zona Central de São Paulo) is an administrative zone of the city of São Paulo, Brazil.

One of the largest commercial and business districts in South America, the region is administered by the subprefecture of Sé. It is not concurrent, although often confused, with the regions known as Centro Expandido ("Expanded Center"), a broader area used by the city government for urban planning and road space rationing actions and Centro Histórico de São Paulo ("Historic Center of São Paulo"), which, as the name implies, includes only the oldest part of the central region.
Marcellus (usurper)
Marcellus (Greek: Μάρκελλος; died 366) was an officer of the Roman Empire, supporter of usurper Procopius and briefly an usurper himself.

There are two versions of the history of his usurpation, the first told by Ammianus Marcellinus, a contemporary historian, the second exposed by Zosimus, a historian of the beginning of the 6th century.

Cyzicus
Cyzicus (/ˈsɪzɪkəs/ SIZ-ik-əs; Ancient Greek: Κύζικος, romanized: Kúzikos; was an ancient Greek town in Mysia in Anatolia in the current Balıkesir Province of Turkey. It was located on the shoreward side of the present Kapıdağ Peninsula (the classical Arctonnesus), a tombolo which is said to have originally been an island in the Sea of Marmara only to be connected to the mainland in historic times either by artificial means or an earthquake.

The site of Cyzicus, located on the Erdek and Bandırma roads, is protected by Turkey's Ministry of Culture.
Type 035 submarine
The Type 035 submarine (NATO reporting name: Ming class) is a class of diesel-electric submarines of the People's Liberation Army Navy. The Type 035 is a heavily improved redesign of the older Type 033 submarines (Romeo class), which were built in China from 1962 to 1984.

Diesel–electric powertrain
A diesel-electric transmission, or diesel-electric powertrain, is a transmission system powered by diesel engines which generate electricity for electric motors for vehicles in road, rail, and marine transport. Diesel-electric transmission is similar to petrol-electric transmission, which is powered by petrol engines.

Diesel-electric transmission is used on railways by diesel-electric locomotives and diesel-electric multiple units, as electric motors are able to supply full torque from 0 RPM. Diesel-electric systems are also used in marine transport, including submarines, and on some other land vehicles.
Columbia High School (Georgia)
Columbia High School (CHS) is a four-year public high school located in DeKalb County, Georgia, United States. It is in the Candler-McAfee neighborhood on the eastside of Atlanta. It is operated by DeKalb County Public Schools.

It opened in 1966. In 1991, the Mathematics, Science and Technology Magnet Programs were established at Columbia, which gave students in the Metro Atlanta area an opportunity to have a more focus-based education in these areas.

Columbia's mascot is the Eagle and its colors are orange and blue. The school motto is "One Team, One Dream!"

The school was given the Georgia School of Excellence award in 1996.

Extracurricular activities include athletics, marching and concert band, color guard, Future Business Leaders of America, Beta Club, and JROTC.

The boundary of Columbia High School neighbors those of Southwest Dekalb High School, Towers High School, and McNair High School.

Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps
The Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC) is a federal program sponsored by the United States Armed Forces in high schools and also in some middle schools across the United States and at US military bases across the world. The program was originally created as part of the National Defense Act of 1916 (Army JROTC) and later expanded (Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force) under the 1964 ROTC Vitalization Act.  The Coast Guard was added in 1989 under P.L. 101-225. The Space Force established its first unit in 2019.
2003 Abierto Mexicano Telefonica Movistar – Women's doubles
Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez were the defending champions, but did not compete this year.

Émilie Loit and Åsa Svensson won the title by defeating Petra Mandula and Patricia Wartusch 6–3, 6–1 in the final. It was the 6th title for Loit and the 15th title for Svensson in their respective doubles careers.

Émilie Loit
Émilie Loit (French pronunciation: [emili lwa]; born 9 June 1979) is a former tennis player from France.

Her three career singles titles, all on clay, included Estoril and Casablanca both in 2004, and Acapulco in 2007. She also won 16 doubles titles on the WTA Tour. Her highest rankings were No. 27 in singles and No. 15 in doubles.

On 24 May 2009, right after losing her first-round match at the French Open, she announced her retiring from professional tennis by the end of the tournament.

In summer 2011, she gave birth to a son, Mathias.
2025 Aotearoa Music Awards
The 2025 Aotearoa Music Awards was the 58th holding of the annual ceremony featuring awards for New Zealand music recording artists, and the 60th anniversary of the awards. The ceremony took place on 29 May 2025 at the Viaduct Events Centre in Auckland and was hosted by Radio NZ presenters Jesse Mulligan and Kara Rickard.

The awards were live streamed by Radio New Zealand, and made available to watch the next day on TVNZ+.

The event was notable due to an incident where Chris Bishop was recorded calling a performance by Stan Walker "a load of crap" and the audience applause "performative acclaim". Bishop declined to apologise for the comments, saying he was frustrated by the "politicisation" of the performance, but admitted he should have kept it to himself. Bishop acknowledged he had consumed alcohol but denied he was intoxicated.

TVNZ+
TVNZ+ (Māori: Te Reo Tātaki Ā-Tono), formerly known as TVNZ OnDemand, is an over-the-top New Zealand television and video on demand streaming service offered by TVNZ. It offers a variety of free content, such as news updates and programmes seen on TVNZ channels. TVNZ+ offers most of the programmes broadcast on air with licensing agreements to be shown for users in New Zealand. In addition, it offers dozens of local and international titles exclusively available on the platform.
Military Regions of Spain
The military regions of the Spanish Armed Forces were a administrative subdivision that existed in Spain from the 18th century to the end of the 20th century. They constituted a territorial subdivision in terms of the allocation of human and material resources for defence purposes, and responded to a territorial defence model (see es:Neutralidad armada, Armed Neutrality).

Spanish Armed Forces
The Spanish Armed Forces are in charge of guaranteeing the sovereignty and independence of the Kingdom of Spain, defending its territorial integrity and the constitutional order, according to the functions entrusted to them by the Constitution of 1978. They are composed of: the Army, the Air and Space Force, the Navy, the Royal Guard, and the Military Emergencies Unit, as well as the so-called Common Corps.

Spain occupies a prominent position in the structure of NATO, which it joined in 1982. Nevertheless, it spends less than the minimum of 2% of GDP on defence recommended by NATO.

Spain has the oldest Marine Infantry in the world and the oldest permanent military units in the world: the Infantry Regiment "Inmemorial del Rey" No. 1 and the Infantry Regiment "Soria" No. 9.
Abdul Rauf Abdulkarim Shaikh
Abdul Rauf Abdulkarim Shaikh is a progressive farmer, residing near Banavasi, Karnataka, India who is known for innovative cultivation of pineapple and he is conferred with honorary doctorate by University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, for his achievement in horticulture.

Banavasi
Banavasi is an ancient temple town located near Sirsi in Karnataka. Banavasi was the ancient capital of the Kadamba dynasty that ruled all of modern-day Karnataka state. They were the first native empire to bring Kannada and Karnataka to prominence. It is 24 km (15 mi) away from its nearest large city Sirsi through SH 77.
Creek Will Rise
"Creek Will Rise" is a song by American country music singer Conner Smith. It was released on April 3, 2023 as the lead single from his debut album Smoky Mountains. Smith co-wrote the song with Chris Lacorte, Chase McGill, and Parker Welling, and it was produced by Zach Crowell.

Zach Crowell
Zach Crowell is a songwriter and record producer who was born and raised in Nashville, Tennessee. Crowell is involved in a joint admin agreement with Sony Music Publishing. He has written/produced over 30 #1 songs and is a three-time Grammy Award nominee.

Some of the artists that Zach Crowell has worked with are Jelly Roll, Sam Hunt, Carrie Underwood, Dustin Lynch, Keith Urban, Luke Bryan, Dierks Bentley, Florida Georgia Line and Cole Swindell.

Crowell produced and co-wrote the 2017 song "Body Like a Back Road" for singer Sam Hunt. At the time, the song set the all-time record at 34 weeks for the most time spent at number one on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart.
Manuela Schmermund
Manuela Schmermund (born 30 December 1971) is a German Paralympic sport shooter.

Schmermund has paraplegia which was caused by damage to her spinal cord in a car accident in 1992. She competes in SH1 classification events.

She has competed at the Paralympic Games in 2000; in 2004, where she won a gold medal in the 10 metre air rifle standing SH1 event and a bronze medal in the 50 metre rifle 3 positions SH1 event; in 2008, where she won a silver medal in the 10 metre air rifle standing SH1 event; in 2012, where she won a silver medal in the 10 metre air rifle standing SH1 event; and in 2016.

Shooting at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Women's 10 metre air rifle standing SH1
The Women's 10 metre air rifle standing SH1 event at the 2012 Summer Paralympics took place on 30 August at the Royal Artillery Barracks in Woolwich.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 40 shots with an air rifle at 10 metres distance from the "standing" (interpreted to include seated in wheelchairs) position. Scores for each shot were in increments of 1, with a maximum score of 10.

The top 8 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. There, they fired an additional 10 shots. These shots scored in increments of .1, with a maximum score of 10.9. The total score from all 50 shots were used to determine the final ranking.
Chan Wing-chan
Chan Wing-chan, BBS (born 7 July 1935) was the member of the Legislative Council in 1991–95 for the Hotels and Catering and 1998–2000 for Labour and also Provisional Legislative Council (1996–98). He was born in Jiangmen, Guangdong, China.

Chan was the chairman of the Eating Establishment Employees General Union under the Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions. He worked closely with Beijing before the handover of Hong Kong and joined the Selection Committee which oversaw the last phrase of the transition of sovereignty and elected the first Chief Executive and Provisional Legislative Council in 1996.

Labour (constituency)
The Labour functional constituency (Chinese: 勞工界功能界別) is a functional constituency in the elections for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. It was one of the 12 functional constituency seats created for the 1985 Legislative Council election. It corresponds to the Labour Subsector in the Election Committee. The constituency is composed of 697 bodies that are trade unions of which all the voting members are employees.

The constituency composed of two seats when it first created by in 1985 as two of the 12 original functional constituency seats. It was held by the two largest labour unions at that time, the pro-Communist Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions (FTU) and pro-Nationalist Hong Kong and Kowloon Trades Union Council (TUC). Since 1998, the constituency composed of three seats, two occupied by the FTU and one occupied by the Federation of Hong Kong and Kowloon Labour Unions (FLU), both pro-Beijing.
Itsukushima shrine (Kushiro)
Itsukushima Jinja (厳島神社) is a Shinto shrine in Kushiro, Hokkaidō, Japan. It was founded at the beginning of the nineteenth century. A statue of Yakushi or Kannon by Enkū has been designated a Prefectural Cultural Property.

Bhaisajyaguru
Bhaiṣajyaguru (Sanskrit: भैषज्यगुरु, Chinese: 藥師佛, Japanese: 薬師仏, Korean: 약사불, Vietnamese: Dược Sư Phật, Standard Tibetan: སངས་རྒྱས་སྨན་བླ), or Bhaishajyaguru, formally Bhaiṣajya-guru-vaiḍūrya-prabha-rāja ("Medicine Master and King of Lapis Lazuli Light"; Chinese: 藥師琉璃光(王)如來, Japanese: 薬師瑠璃光如来, Korean: 약사유리광여래, Vietnamese: Dược Sư Lưu Ly Quang Vương Như Lai), is the Buddha of healing and medicine in Mahāyāna Buddhism. Commonly referred to as the "Medicine Buddha", he is described as a doctor who cures suffering (Pali/Sanskrit: dukkha/duḥkha) using the medicine of his teachings.

The image of Bhaiṣajyaguru is usually expressed with a canonical Buddha-like form holding a gallipot and, in some versions, possessing blue or deep green skin. Though also considered to be a guardian of the East, in most cases, Akshobhya is given that role. As an exceptional case, the honzon of Mount Kōya's Kongōbu-ji was changed from Akshobhya to Bhaiṣajyaguru.
Abdominis
The term abdominis is an old Latin term for abdomen. It refers to the region of the body between the chest and the pelvis, also known as the belly.

In modern times, it is still used in anatomical classification of muscles in the human abdomen.

The abdominal wall is made up of several layers of muscles, which are collectively known as the abdominal muscles. These muscles support the spine, protect the internal organs, and help with movement. The five main abdominal muscles are:

Rectus abdominis muscle

External obliques muscle

Internal obliques muscle

Pyramidalis muscle

Transverse abdominal muscle

Transverse abdominal muscle
The transverse abdominal muscle (TVA), also known as the transverse abdominis, transversalis muscle and transversus abdominis muscle, is a muscle layer of the anterior and lateral (front and side) abdominal wall, deep to (layered below) the internal oblique muscle. It serves to compress and retain the contents of the abdomen as well as assist in exhalation.
St Mary's Church, Garthorpe
St Mary's Church is a redundant Church of England parish church in the village of Garthorpe, Leicestershire, England. The building is Grade I listed. It has been
in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust since 1 November 1999.

Redundant church
A redundant church, now referred to as a closed church, is a church building that is no longer used for Christian worship. The term most frequently refers to former Anglican churches in the United Kingdom, but may also be used for disused churches in other countries. Redundant churches may be deconsecrated, but this is not always done.

Reasons for redundancy include population movements, changing social patterns, merging of parishes, and decline in church attendance (especially in the Global North). Historically, redundant churches were often demolished or left to ruin. Today, many are repurposed as community centres, museums or homes, or are protected under the care of heritage preservation organisations such as Friends of Friendless Churches or the Churches Conservation Trust, and are demolished only if no alternative can be found.
Truly (Lionel Richie song)
"Truly" is the debut solo single by American singer-songwriter Lionel Richie. Resuming where he left off with D-flat major tunes "Sail On" and particularly "Still" when he was lead for the Commodores, Richie wrote the song and co-produced it with James Anthony Carmichael.

Released as the first single from his self-titled debut album in 1982, "Truly" debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 on 9 October 1982 and climbed to No. 1 on 27 November – 4 December 1982. It also spent four weeks at No. 1 on the adult contemporary chart, and logged nine weeks at No. 2 on the R&B chart, behind Marvin Gaye's "Sexual Healing".  In addition, "Truly" made the top 10 in United Kingdom, where the song peaked at No. 6. The song won a Grammy Award for Richie in the category Best Male Pop Vocal Performance.

Billboard called it a "moving ballad with all the drama and poignance of 'Still', 'Three Times a Lady' and 'Endless Love'."

Commodores
Commodores, often billed as the Commodores, is  an American funk and soul group. The group's most successful period was in the late 1970s and early 1980s when Lionel Richie was the co-lead singer.

The members of the group met as mostly freshmen at Tuskegee Institute (now Tuskegee University) in 1968, and signed with Motown in November 1972, having first caught the public eye opening for the Jackson 5 while on tour.

The band's biggest hit singles are ballads such as "Easy", "Three Times a Lady", and "Nightshift"; and funk-influenced dance songs, including "Brick House", "Fancy Dancer", "Lady (You Bring Me Up)", and "Too Hot ta Trot".

Commodores were inducted into the Alabama Music Hall of Fame and Vocal Group Hall of Fame. The band has also won one Grammy Award out of nine nominations. The Commodores have sold over 70 million albums worldwide.
Coptotermes ceylonicus
Coptotermes ceylonicus, is a species of subterranean termite of the genus Coptotermes. It is native to India and Sri Lanka. It is a common wood destroying termites, which damage to logs, woodens structures of both natural and man-made. It is a pest of many economically valuable trees such as Hevea brasiliensis and Camellia sinensis, and also an inhabitant of Anacardium occidentale, Cocos nucifera, Ficus fergusonii, Gliricidia sepium, Grevillea robusta, Madhuca longifolia, Tamarindus indica and Theobroma cacao.

Madhuca longifolia
Madhuca longifolia is an Indian tropical tree found largely in the central, southern, north Indian plains and forests, Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar and Sri Lanka. It is commonly known as madhūka, mahura, madkam, mahuwa, Butter Tree, mahura, mahwa, mahua, mohulo, Iluppai, Mee or Ippa-chettu. It is a fast-growing tree that grows to approximately 20 meters in height, possesses evergreen or semi-evergreen foliage, and belongs to the family Sapotaceae. It is adaptable to arid environments, being a prominent tree in tropical mixed deciduous forests in India in the states of Maharashtra, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Kerala, Gujarat, West Bengal and Tamil Nadu.
William Brereton (actor)
William Brereton (c. 1751–1787) was an English stage actor. He was a member of the company of the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane for eighteen years, under the management of David Garrick and subsequently Richard Brinsley Sheridan. He was born in Bath, the son of William Brereton who was master of ceremonies in the spa town. He made his Drury Lane debut in the title role of Douglas by John Home in 1768. Weakened by alcoholism and mental instability, he died in an asylum in Hoxton in 1787. He was married to the actress Priscilla Brereton, who later married John Philip Kemble. He was said to have had an unrequited passion for Sarah Siddons which contributed to his mental decline.

John Home
Rev John Home FRSE (2 September 1722 – 4 September 1808) was a Scottish minister, soldier and author. His play Douglas was a standard Scottish school text until the Second World War, but his work is now largely neglected. In 1783, he was one of the joint founders of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
El Fureidis
El Fureidis (Arabic for "Little Paradise") is a 10,000-square-foot (930 m2) historic estate built in 1906 on 10 acres (4.0 ha) in Montecito, California. Originally called the James Waldron Gillespie Estate or Gillespie Palace after its original owner, the Spanish Baroque & Neo-Mudéjar architecture is one of only five houses designed by the American architect Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue.

The estate appeared in numerous hand-colored picture post cards from Santa Barbara during the 1900s–1950s highlighting Montecito's estates, the classical Persian gardens and Goodhue's unique architecture.

Neo-Mudéjar
Neo-Mudéjar is a type of Moorish Revival architecture practised in the Iberian Peninsula and to a far lesser extent in Ibero-America. This architectural movement emerged as a revival of Mudéjar style. It was an architectural trend of the late 19th and early 20th centuries that began in Madrid and Barcelona and quickly spread to other regions in Spain and Portugal. It used Mudéjar style elements such as the horseshoe arch, arabesque tiling, and abstract shaped brick ornamentations for the façades of modern buildings.
19th century in fashion
The nineteenth century marks the period beginning January 1, 1801, and ends December 31, 1900.

It was a period of dramatic change and rapid socio-cultural advancement, where society and culture are constantly changing with advancement of time.

The technology, art, politics, and culture of the 19th century were strongly reflected in the styles and silhouettes of the era's clothing.

For women, fashion was an extravagant and extroverted display of the female silhouette with corset pinched waistlines, bustling full-skirts that flowed in and out of trend and decoratively embellished gowns. For men, three piece suits were tailored for usefulness in business as well as sporting activity.

The fashion in this article includes styles from the 19th century through a Western context – namely Europe and North America.

Collar (clothing)
In clothing, a collar (/kɒlər/) is the part of a shirt, dress, coat or blouse that fastens around or frames the neck.  Among clothing construction professionals, a collar is differentiated from other necklines such as revers and lapels, by being made from a separate piece of fabric, rather than a folded or cut part of the same piece of fabric used for the main body of the garment.

A collar may be permanently attached to the main body of the garment (e.g. by stitching) or detachable.
Grodzonowice
Grodzonowice [ɡrɔd͡zɔnɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skalbmierz, within Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-east of Skalbmierz, 9 km (6 mi) north of Kazimierza Wielka, and 61 km (38 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Kazimierza Wielka
Kazimierza Wielka ([kaʑiˈmʲɛʐa ˈvʲɛlka] ⓘ) is a town in southern Poland, in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. It lies approximately 45 kilometres (28 miles) northeast of Kraków. It is the administrative seat of Kazimierza County. With a population of 5,848 (2005), it is the smallest county seat in Poland. Kazimierza Wielka is located in Lesser Poland Upland and historically belongs to the province of Lesser Poland. For most of its history, it was a village, and did not receive its town charter until 1959.