hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Osman Kamara
Osman Kamara (born 31 December 1987) is a Sierra Leonean swimmer. He competed in the 100 m freestyle, 50 m backstroke and 50 m butterfly events at the 2012 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m) and in the 50 m freestyle and 50 m butterfly events at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona. In Barcelona he set national records for the 50 m butterfly and 50 m freestyle.

2013 World Aquatics Championships
The 15th FINA World Championships (Catalan: Campionat Mundial de Natació de 2013, Spanish: Campeonato Mundial de Natación de 2013) were held from 20 July to 4 August in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The 2013 World Championships featured 6 aquatics disciplines: swimming, water polo, diving, high diving, open water, and synchronised swimming.

The Championships were originally awarded to Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in July 2009; however, Dubai withdrew as host in May 2010. FINA then re-bid the meet, and Barcelona was selected on September 26, 2010.
Niobe (schooner)
Segelschulschiff Niobe was a tall ship used by the Reichsmarine to train cadets and aspiring NCOs. She sank during a white squall on 26 July 1932, with the loss of 69 lives. A memorial monument to Niobe was erected at Gammendorfer Strand on Fehmarn island, within view of the site of the sinking.

Tall ship
A tall ship is a large, traditionally-rigged sailing vessel. Popular modern tall ship rigs include topsail schooners, brigantines, brigs and barques. "Tall ship" can also be defined more specifically by an organization, such as for a race or festival.
Robidoux Hill Historic District
Robidoux Hill Historic District is a national historic district located at St. Joseph, Missouri. The district encompasses 61 contributing buildings in a predominantly residential section of St. Joseph. It developed between about 1865 and 1909, and includes representative examples of Italianate, Second Empire, and Queen Anne style architecture. Located in the district is the separately listed Edmond Jacques Eckel House designed by architect Edmond Jacques Eckel (1845–1934).  Other notable buildings include the Lemon House (1871), Donovan House (c. 1865, 1895), McKinney House (1887), Inslee House (c. 1867), Jonathan M. Bassett (c. 1860, 1880s), and U.S. Weather Bureau Building (1909).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

St. Joseph, Missouri
St. Joseph is a city in and the county seat of Buchanan County, Missouri, United States. Located on the Missouri River, it is the principal city of the St. Joseph Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Buchanan, Andrew, and DeKalb counties in Missouri and Doniphan County, Kansas. As of the 2020 census, St. Joseph had a population of 72,473, making it the 8th most populous city in the state, and the 3rd most populous in Northwest Missouri. St. Joseph is located roughly 30 miles (48 km) north of the Kansas City, Missouri city limits and approximately 125 miles (201 km) south of Omaha, Nebraska.

The city was named after the town's founder Joseph Robidoux and the biblical Saint Joseph. In the nineteenth century, it was the death place of American outlaw Jesse James. It was also the starting point of the Pony Express serving the West. Today, St. Joseph is home to Missouri Western State University, which enrolls over 3,800 students.
Khasim Mirza
Khasim Mirza (born September 14, 1986) is a Filipino professional basketball player who last played for the GenSan Warriors of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL).

Born to an Indian father and a Filipina mother, Mirza played for the University of Santo Tomas Growling Tigers in the University Athletic Association of the Philippines for three seasons (2007 to 2009). He then played for the Philippine Patriots in the Asean Basketball League from 2009 to 2010 before being drafted 16th overall in the second round of the 2010 PBA draft by PBA expansion team Meralco Bolts.

UAAP Season 72
UAAP Season 72 was the 2009–2010 season of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines. It was hosted by Far Eastern University, with opening rites on July 11, 2009 at the Araneta Coliseum. The men's basketball tournament and the women's volleyball tournament were aired by ABS-CBN's UHF Studio 23 for the tenth consecutive year.
Woodrow Wilson Monument
The Woodrow Wilson Monument (Czech: Pomník Woodrowa Wilsona), created by Czech-American sculptor Albin Polasek, is installed outside Praha hlavní nádraží in Prague, Czech Republic. It was unveiled in October 2011, and honors the 28th president of the United States, Woodrow Wilson. It was erected to honor the role that Wilson had in Czech independence after World War I.

Praha hlavní nádraží
Praha hlavní nádraží (IATA: XYG) is the largest railway station in Prague, Czech Republic. It opened in 1871 as Franz Josef Station, after Franz Joseph I of Austria. During the First Republic and from 1945 to 1948 the station was called Wilson Station (Czech: Wilsonovo nádraží), after the former President of the United States Woodrow Wilson.

The station is the largest Art Nouveau monument in the Czech Republic. Since 31 December 1976, it has been a cultural monument of the Czech Republic and since 1993 it has been part of the urban monument zone of Vinohrady, Žižkov and Vršovice.

In 2014, the station served 224,505 trains (610 daily) and more than 53,000,000 passengers (71,000 daily) and a number of regional, national and international trains, for which it is often the starting or final station. The station is connected to Prague Metro Line C and the Hlavní nádraží railway station.
Paul Blainey
Paul Blainey is an investigator and core faculty member at the Broad Institute in Boston, Massachusetts, and assistant professor of biological engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He is recognized for his work in single cell genomics.

Blainey studied mathematics and chemistry as an undergraduate at the University of Washington. He continued his studies in physical chemistry at Harvard University, earning a M.S. and Ph.D. He did a postdoc at Stanford University, where he developed high-throughput methods for whole-genome amplification of DNA from individual microbial cells in Stephen Quake’s laboratory.

Single-cell sequencing
Single-cell sequencing examines the nucleic acid sequence information from individual cells with optimized next-generation sequencing technologies, providing a higher resolution of cellular differences and a better understanding of the function of an individual cell in the context of its microenvironment. For example, in cancer, sequencing the DNA of individual cells can give information about mutations carried by small populations of cells. In development, sequencing the RNAs expressed by individual cells can give insight into the existence and behavior of different cell types. In microbial systems, a population of the same species can appear genetically clonal. Still, single-cell sequencing of RNA or epigenetic modifications can reveal cell-to-cell variability that may help populations rapidly adapt to survive in changing environments.
Elisavet Protopapas
Elisavet Protopapas (born 23 July 1999) is a Greek water polo player for California Golden Bears and the Greece women's national water polo team.

She participated at the 2018 Women's European Water Polo Championship.

2018 Women's European Water Polo Championship
The 2018 Women's European Water Polo Championship was held from 14 to 27 July 2018 in Barcelona, Spain.

The Netherlands won their fifth title by defeating Greece 6-4 in the final. Spain captured the bronze medal after a 12-6 win over Hungary.
Macbeth (1982 film)
Macbeth is a 1982 Hungarian television film adapted, edited and directed by Béla Tarr. György Cserhalmi stars Macbeth while Erzsébet Kútvölgyi portrays Lady Macbeth. The film is composed of only two shots: The first (before the main title) is five minutes long, the second 57 minutes long.

Considered to be a watershed in the filmmaker's artistic development, the film was among examples of Tarr's work screened at the Museum of Modern Art during a retrospective in October 2001. It has also been screened during a retrospective at the 33rd Moscow International Film Festival.

Macbeth (character)
Lord Macbeth, the Thane of Glamis and quickly the Thane of Cawdor, is the title character and main protagonist in William Shakespeare's Macbeth (c. 1603–1607). The character is loosely based on the historical king Macbeth of Scotland and is derived largely from the account in Holinshed's Chronicles (1577), a compilation of British history.

A Scottish noble and an initially valiant military man, Macbeth, after a supernatural prophecy and the urging of his wife, Lady Macbeth, commits regicide, usurping the kingship of Scotland. He thereafter lives in anxiety and fear, unable to rest or to trust his nobles. He leads a reign of terror until defeated by his former ally Macduff. The throne is then restored to the rightful heir, the murdered King Duncan's son, Malcolm.
Alja
Alja is a Slovenian female given name. Notable people with this name include:

Alja Kozorog (born 1996), Slovenian slalom canoeist

Alja Omladič (born 1983), Slovenian pop singer

Alja Varagić, Slovenian handball player

Alja Robinson Crook (1864–1930), American academic

Alja Vrček (born 1993), Slovenian handball player

A. R. Crook
Alja Robinson Crook (June 17, 1864 – May 31, 1930) was an American scientist and academic from Ohio. Crook attended Ohio Wesleyan University and received a Dr. phil. in Munich, Germany in 1892. He was a professor of mineralogy and economic geology at Northwestern University from 1893 to 1906, when he was named Illinois State Geologist. As state geologist, he greatly expanded the state museum.
Zenkaikon
Zenkaikon is a multi-genre convention held during March at the Lancaster County Convention Center and Holiday Inn Lancaster in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The convention was formerly based around King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (a Philadelphia suburb). Zenkaikon's name is a portmanteau of Zentrancon (science-fiction convention) and Kosaikon (anime convention), created when they merged in 2006. The convention has an all-volunteer staff.

Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Lancaster is a city in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. With a population of 58,039 at the 2020 census, it is the eighth-most populous city in the state. It is a core city within South Central Pennsylvania, with 552,984 residents in the Lancaster metropolitan area.

Settled in the 1720s, Lancaster is one of the oldest inland cities in the US. It served as the capital of Pennsylvania from 1799 to 1812. The city's primary industries include healthcare, tourism, public administration, manufacturing, and both professional and semi-professional services. Lancaster is located 59 miles (95 km) southwest of Allentown and 61 miles (98 km) west of Philadelphia and is a hub of Pennsylvania Dutch Country.
Renuka Ramnath
Renuka Ramnath (born 14 September 1962) is an Indian private equity fund manager, and the founder and CEO of Multiples Asset Management Ltd. She is also an independent director of the apparel manufacturer Arvind Ltd., chairperson of the board at Tata Communications, and chairperson of the Indian Private Equity and Venture Capital Association.

Tata Communications
Tata Communications Limited (previously known as Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited) is an Indian telecommunications company. It was a government-owned telecommunications service provider before being sold to the Tata Group in 2002 under the Third Vajpayee ministry government.

The company provides network services and software-defined network platforms, such as Ethernet, SD-WAN, content delivery networks (CDNs), the internet, etc. It is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India.
Death flights
Death flights (Spanish: vuelos de la muerte) are a form of extrajudicial killing in which victims are dropped to their deaths from airplanes or helicopters and their bodies land in oceans, large rivers or mountains. Death flights have been carried out by governments during a number of internal conflicts, including France during the 1947 Malagasy Uprising in Madagascar and the 1957 Battle of Algiers, and the junta dictatorship which ruled Argentina and waged the Argentine Dirty War between 1976 and 1983. During the Bougainville conflict, PNGDF helicopters were used to dispose of corpses of detainees who had died under torture, and in some cases, still-living victims.

Internal conflict
In narrative, an internal conflict is the struggle occurring within a character's mind. Things such as what the character yearns for, but can't quite reach. As opposed to external conflict, in which a character is grappling some force outside of themself, such as wars or a chain-breaking off a bike, or not being able to get past a roadblock. The dilemma posed by internal conflict is usually some ethical or emotional question. Indicators of internal conflict would be a character's hesitation or self-posing questions like "What was it I did wrong?". An internal conflict can also be a decision-making issue.

The term "Victor conflict" is also widely used to describe a military conflict within a nation, such as a civil war. An internal conflict is a domestic conflict, and can be caused because of political, economic or religious causes.
Elias Uppheim Skogvoll
Elias Uppheim Skogvoll (born 5 May 1996) is a Norwegian football midfielder who plays for Tromsdalen.

Hailing from Ballangen Municipality, he made his senior debut for Ballangen on the sixth tier in 2011 before playing youth football for Mjølner and Tromsø. He also represented Norway as a youth international In Tromsø he also made his senior debut, in the 2014 Norwegian Football Cup match against Mjølner. To play regular senior football, he joined Tromsdalen in 2015. Here he won promotion to the 2017 1. divisjon, but the next year he stepped down one notch to play for third-tier Mjølner. Ahead of the 2020 season he was signed by Odd and made his first-tier debut in June 2020 against Strømsgodset.

Tromsø IL
Tromsø Idrettslag (Northern Sami: Romssa Valáštallansearvi) is a Norwegian professional football club based in Tromsø. They play their home games at the Romssa Arena which has a seating capacity of 6,801. Tromsø play in the Eliteserien.

Despite never winning the Eliteserien title, they have finished as runner-up in 1990 and 2011. They have won the Norwegian Cup twice: in 1986 and 1996, and were runner-up in 2012. Their wins make them the northernmost football club in the world to have won a national title. Tromsø has competed in several UEFA competitions: the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, UEFA Intertoto Cup, and UEFA Europa League.
Muhammad Niaz Din
Muhammad Niaz-Din (born 10 July 1940) is a Pakistani wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle flyweight at the 1964 Summer Olympics. At the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Perth, Niaz-Din won the gold medal in the flyweight category alongside a similarly named Pakistani wrestler, Muhammad Niaz, who won the men's heavyweight event.

Amateur wrestling
Amateur wrestling is a variant of wrestling practiced at Olympic, collegiate, scholastic, and other levels. There are two international wrestling styles performed at the Olympic Games, freestyle and Greco-Roman, both of which are governed by the United World Wrestling (UWW).

At the middle school and high school levels in the United States, wrestlers compete in scholastic wrestling. In collegiate wrestling, there are minor differences in some scholastic wrestling rules.

The rapid rise in the popularity of the combat sport mixed martial arts (MMA) has increased interest in amateur wrestling due to its effectiveness within the sport and its consideration as a core discipline.
Should a Doctor Tell? (1930 film)
Should a Doctor Tell? is a 1930 British drama film directed by H. Manning Haynes and starring Basil Gill, Norah Baring and Maurice Evans. The screenplay concerns a doctor who agonises over whether to tell his son that the woman he is marrying is pregnant by another man, which would mean breaking the hypocratic oath.

It was produced as a quota quickie at Beaconsfield Studios by British Lion.

Hippocratic Oath
The Hippocratic Oath is an oath of ethics historically taken by physicians. It is one of the most widely known of Greek medical texts. In its original form, it requires a new physician to swear, by a number of healing gods, to uphold specific ethical standards. The oath is the earliest expression of medical ethics in the Western world, establishing several principles of medical ethics which remain of paramount significance today. These include the principles of medical confidentiality and non-maleficence. As the foundational expression of certain principles that continue to guide and inform medical practice, the ancient text is of more than historic and symbolic value. It is enshrined in the legal statutes of various jurisdictions, such that violations of the oath may carry criminal or other liability beyond the oath's symbolic nature.
Mór
Mór (German: Moor) is a town in Fejér County, Hungary.  Among the smaller towns in the Central Transdanubia Region of Hungary, it lies between the Vértes and Bakony Hills, in the northwestern corner of Fejér County. The historic roots of the present town go back to the Celtic and Roman period. The town is the economical, institutional and cultural centre of the small region of Mór including 13 settlements. The development of the town began with the arrival of ethnic German settlers and Capuchin monks in 1697.

The Battle of Mór on 30 December 1848 was a crucial victory for the Austrian Empire's forces in crushing the Hungarian Revolution of 1848.

Battle of Mór
The Battle of Mór took place during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 on 30 December 1848 between Austria and Hungarian Revolutionary Army. The Austrians were led by Croatian Ban Lieutenant General Josip Jelačić, while the Hungarians were led by Major General Mór Perczel. The Austrians were victorious and, subsequently, the Hungarian main army led by Artúr Görgei lost the last chance to stop the Austrian armies which were threatening the Hungarian capitals Pest and Buda. As a result of this, the Austrian army led by Field Marshal Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz occupied on 5 January 1849 Pest and Buda.
Albert Yee
Albert H. Yee is an American educational psychologist. He taught at universities in the United States and East Asia for forty-three years before retiring in 1995. A 1965 graduate of Stanford University, he is the founding president of the Western Montana Stanford Alumni Club. He was also the president of the Chinese-American Faculty Association of Southern California from 1975 to 1977 and of the Asian American Psychological Association from 1979 to 1982. He was educated at the University of California, Berkeley, San Francisco State University, and Stanford University. He has taught at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Florida International University, California State University–Long Beach, and the University of Montana, where he served as dean of the School of Education before resigning in 1981. In 1980, while at the University of Montana, he became the first American psychologist to be invited to China by the Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

University of Montana
The University of Montana (UM) is a public research university in Missoula, Montana, United States. UM is a flagship institution of the Montana University System and its second largest campus. Fall 2024 saw total enrollment hit 10,811, marking the highest total enrollment for UM since 2018.

It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity" as of 2022.

Alumni include 11 Truman Scholars, 14 Goldwater Scholars, and 40 Udall Scholars. One alumnus, Harold Urey, has won the Nobel Prize.
Bloodmoon (1990 film)
Bloodmoon is a 1990 Australian slasher film directed by Alec Mills and starring Leon Lissek, Christine Amor, Ian Williams, Helen Thomson, and Craig Cronin. It was featured in the documentary Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation!.

The title refers to the Hunter's moon, the first full moon after the Harvest Moon.

Alec Mills (cinematographer)
Alec Mills (10 May 1932 – 12 February 2024) was a British cinematographer, known for his work on several James Bond films. He was the cinematographer for The Living Daylights (1987) and Licence to Kill (1989). He was a camera operator for On Her Majesty's Secret Service (1969), The Spy Who Loved Me (1977), Moonraker (1979), For Your Eyes Only (1981), and Octopussy (1983). He was also a camera operator for films like Macbeth (1971), The Hiding Place (1975), and Death on the Nile (1978). After retiring from active film-making, he taught at the National Film and Television School in Beaconsfield. He was the founding chairman of the Guild of British Camera Technicians in 1977 and served on the board of governors of the British Society of Cinematographers between 1998 and 2009.
Alcis bastelbergeri
Alcis bastelbergeri is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found from Central Europe, through the Ural region to the eastern Palearctic, where subspecies sachalinensis is found.

The wingspan is 38–43 mm. Adults are on wing from July to September.

The larvae feed on a wide range of plants, including Vaccinium myrtillus, Clematis vitalba, Rubus idaeus, Erica and Betula species. Adults feed on the nectar of Knautia, Senecio ovatus and Eupatorium cannabinum.

Erica (plant)
Erica is a genus of roughly 857 species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. The English common names heath and heather are shared by some closely related genera of similar appearance. The genus Calluna was formerly included in Erica; it differs in having even smaller scale-leaves (less than 2–3 millimetres long), and the flower corolla consisting of separate petals. Erica is sometimes referred to as "winter (or spring) heather" to distinguish it from Calluna "summer (or autumn) heather".
Vynthala
Vynthala is a very old village by the banks of Chalakudy River and 10 km (6 mi) from Chalakudy town in Thrissur district, state of Kerala, India. It is an old farming community and the main crop was rice. Other crops cultivated include: coconut trees and nutmeg. The main industry was the manufacture of roofing clay tiles by several companies engaged in that business. There is one high school (St. Mary's) and a Christian church (St. Joseph). At present both cultivation of rice and clay tile works are declining.

Vynthala is mother to one of the unique Oxbow lakes in the world, and one and only in southern India. It is called  "Kanicham Thura" or Vynthala Lake. Centuries before Kanicham Thura was the part of Chalakudy river.

Nutmeg
Nutmeg is the seed, or the ground spice derived from the seed, of several tree species of the genus Myristica; fragrant nutmeg or true nutmeg (M. fragrans) is a dark-leaved evergreen tree cultivated for two spices derived from its fruit: nutmeg, from its seed, and mace, from the seed covering. It is also a commercial source of nutmeg essential oil and nutmeg butter. The Banda Islands, in Maluku, Indonesia, are the main producer of nutmeg and mace, and the true nutmeg tree is native to the islands.

Nutmeg and mace, commonly used as food spices, have been traditionally employed for their psychoactive and aphrodisiac effects, though clinical evidence is lacking. High doses can cause serious toxic effects including acute psychosis, with risks heightened during pregnancy and with psychiatric conditions.

Conifers of the genus Torreya, commonly known as the nutmeg yews, have edible seeds of similar appearance, but are not closely related to M. fragrans, and are not used as a spice.