hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adayalam
Adayalam (transl. Mark) is a 1991 Indian Malayalam comedy-mystery film directed by K. Madhu and written by S. N. Swamy, starring Mammootty, Rekha, Shobana, Murali, and Manianpilla Raju. The film was produced by actor Janardanan, who also played a supporting role.

K. Madhu
K. Madhu is an Indian film director and producer who works predominantly in the Malayalam film industry. He started his career as an assistant director of prominent film director M.Krishnan Nair. He made his debut with  Malarum Kiliyum and has directed over 30  feature films in various languages (Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu & Kannada).
Fossato di Vico
Fossato di Vico is a town and comune of Umbria in the province of Perugia in Italy, at 581 m above sea‑level on the middle slopes of Mount Mutali.

It lies just off the SS 3 highway, between Gualdo Tadino (7 km to the south), Sigillo (6 km north);Fabriano (15 km east) and Gubbio (20 km west).

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
Fleeting expletive
A fleeting expletive is a non-scripted verbal profanity or obscenity expressed and broadcast during a live television broadcast or radio broadcast. The term appears primarily in discussions of United States broadcasting law.

Improvisation
Improvisation or improvization (often shortened to improv) is the activity of making or doing something not planned beforehand, using whatever can be found. The origin of the word itself is in the Latin "improvisus", which literally means un-foreseen. Improvisation in the performing arts is a very spontaneous performance without specific or scripted preparation. The skills of improvisation can apply to many different faculties across all artistic, scientific, physical, cognitive, academic, and non-academic disciplines; see Applied improvisation.
AVV RAP
AVV RAP, in the long form Amsterdamsche Voetbalvereeniging RUN, Amstels, Progress, was a Dutch football club based in Amsterdam, playing in the Netherlands Football League Championship. The club existed from 1887 to 1914 and was the first cup champion of the Netherlands in the 1898–99 season. The club is most famous for being the winners of the first edition of the Coupe Van der Straeten Ponthoz in 1900, one of the world's first international footballing competitions, in which it played and defeated the reigning champions of Belgium, Switzerland and the Netherlands on three successive days.

HVV Den Haag
HVV (Haagse Voetbal Vereniging; Dutch for The Hague Football Club) is an amateur football club in The Hague, Netherlands. It was founded in 1883 as an extension of HCC, (The) Hague Cricket Club. In 1978, on the occasion of the club's centenary, Queen Juliana granted the club royal patronage, with prefix Koninklijke ("Royal"), because of its pioneering role in sport, including in the formation of the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) in 1889.  Since then it has been called Koninklijke Haagse Cricket & Voetbal Vereniging (Royal The Hague Cricket & Football Club), abbreviated KHC&VV.  The club's grounds since 1898 have been at the 1,200-capacity "De Diepput", on the border between Benoordenhout and Wassenaar. It now also plays tennis, squash and judo and has around 1750 members.
Orbit Award
The Orbit Awards were given by the National Space Society and the Space Tourism Society to pioneers in the private space travel industry, and presented at the Annual International Space Development Conference

The actual award is a holographic crystal created by international artist, Eileen Borgeson and holography pioneer, Jeff Allen. ‘Orbit Awards’ were co-sponsored by EArt Gallery and Interior Systems, and were received by: Buzz Aldrin, Richard Branson, Paul Allen, Rick Searfoss, Robert Bigelow, The X PRIZE Foundation, Scaled Composites, Zero Gravity Corporation, Eric Anderson and Anousheh Ansari.

Space Tourism Society
The Space Tourism Society is a California 501(c)3 non-profit organization founded in 1996 by John Spencer, a former member of the board of directors of the National Space Society, with the goal of promoting space tourism.

The STS is based in the US and has chapters in Japan, Norway, Canada, Malaysia, India, Russia, and the United Kingdom. It is an organization member of the Alliance for Space Development.
2025 United Nations Security Council election
The 2025 United Nations Security Council election was held on 3 June 2025 during the 79th session of the United Nations General Assembly, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City. The elections are for five non-permanent seats on the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 2026. In accordance with the Security Council's rotation rules, whereby the ten non-permanent UNSC seats rotate among the various regional blocs into which UN member states traditionally divide themselves for voting and representation purposes, the five available seats are allocated as follows:

Two for the African Group

One for the Asia-Pacific Group

One for the Latin American and Caribbean Group

One for the Eastern European Group

The five members will serve on the Security Council for the 2026–27 period.

Eastern European Group
The Group of Eastern European States, or EEG, is one of the five United Nations regional groups composed of 23 Member States from Eastern, Central and Southern Europe.

The Group, as with all the regional groups, is a non-binding dialogue group where subjects concerning regional and international matters are discussed. Additionally, the Group works to help allocate seats on United Nations bodies by nominating candidates from the region.
Kannemeyer
Kannemeyer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Allen Kannemeyer (born 1959), South African Anglican bishop

Anton Kannemeyer (born 1967), South African comics artist

Bruce Kannemeyer (1965–2025), South African politician and public servant

Daniel Rossouw Kannemeyer (1843–1925), South African archaeologist and paleontologist

David Kannemeyer (born 1977), South African footballer

John Christoffel Kannemeyer (1939–2011), South African literary historian

Quinton Kannemeyer (born 1984), South African cricketer

Tiaan Kannemeyer (born 1978), South African cyclist

Allen Kannemeyer
Allen John Kannemeyer is a retired Anglican bishop: he was the Bishop of Pretoria since 2016. until the 22 February 2025.

The 11th Bishop of Pretoria, he was born 21 December 1959 in Mossel Bay. Kannemeyer was educated at St Paul's Theological College.
He was ordained deacon on 15 December 1985; and priest  on 27 August 1986.

In 1987 he spent a year in the UK as an USPG exchange student. From 1987 until 2000, he served at parishes in Mossel Bay and George. From 2001 he has served the Diocese of Pretoria at Sunnyside and Irene and as an archdeacon.
La Uvita
La Uvita is a town and municipality in the Northern Boyacá Province, part of the Colombian Department of Boyacá. The urban centre is located at an altitude of 2,700 metres (8,900 ft) in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. La Uvita borders San Mateo in the north, El Cocuy and Chita in the east, Chita and Jericó in the south and Boavita in the west.

Cordillera Oriental (Colombia)
The Cordillera Oriental (English: Eastern Ranges) is the widest of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The range extends from south to north, dividing from the Colombian Massif in Huila Department to Norte de Santander Department where it splits into the Serranía del Perijá and the Cordillera de Mérida in Venezuelan Andes. The highest peak is Ritacuba Blanco at 5,410 m (17,750 ft) in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy.
Goodson
Goodson is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrienne Goodson (born 1966), American basketball player

Alfred Goodson (1867–1940), British businessman and public servant

Barbara Goodson (born 1949), American voice actress

Clarence Goodson (born 1982), American soccer player

Don Goodson (1932–2010), English cricketer

Ed Goodson (born 1948), American baseball player

Ida Goodson (1909–2000), American classic female blues and jazz singer and pianist

Ivor Goodson (born 1943), British educationalist

Jonathan Goodson (born 1945), American television producer

Katharine Goodson (1872–1958), English pianist

Kenneth E. Goodson (born 1967), American engineer

Len Goodson (1880−1922), English footballer

Mark Goodson (1915–1992), American television producer

Patricia Goodson, American concert pianist

Tyler Goodson (born 2000), American football player

William Goodsonn (1610–c. 1680), English vice-admiral in the Royal Navy

Katharine Goodson
Katharine Goodson (18 June 1872 – 14 April 1958) was an English pianist.

Born in Watford, Goodson studied the piano at the Royal Academy of Music in London; she also worked with Theodor Leschetizky in Vienna.  Her London debut took place on 16 January 1897.  The tours of Europe which followed placed her in the front rank of British female pianists of the era.  Goodson made her American debut on 18 January 1907, appearing as soloist with the Boston Symphony in a concert in the orchestra's home city.
SuperVia
SuperVia Trens Urbanos (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˌsupeʁˈvi.ɐ tɾẽzuʁˈbɐ̃nuʃ]) (English: SuperVia Urban Trains) is a rapid transit and commuter rail company operator, founded in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) in November 1998. It carries around 750,000 passengers a day on a railroad network comprising 104 stations in 12 cities: Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias, Guapimirim, Nova Iguaçu, Nilópolis, Mesquita, Queimados, São João de Meriti, Belford Roxo, Japeri, Paracambi and Magé.

The baggage areas of SuperVia trains were an adaptation of the original design to fit the Brazilian reality. A Brazilian study found that the average passenger carries a weight of 7 kg in backpacks, shopping bags or briefcases on their daily commute.

Queimados
Queimados (Portuguese pronunciation: [kejˈmadus]) is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. It is located at 22º42'58" south latitude and 43º33'19" west longitude, at an altitude of 29 meters. Its population was 151,335 (2020) and its area is 75 km2. The city is divided into 37 districts.
Kelly Vollebregt
Kelly Vollebregt (born 1 January 1995) is a Dutch female handballer who plays for Borussia Dortmund and the Dutch national team.

From 2021 to 2023 she played for Danish club Odense Håndbold. Here she won the Danish League in 2021 and 2022.

Netherlands women's national handball team
The Netherlands women's national handball team is the national handball team of the Netherlands. It is governed by the Nederlands Handbal Verbond (NHV).

The team won their first World Championship in 2019 in Japan after defeating Spain in the final.
Yukiko Mishima
Yukiko Mishima (Japanese: 三島有紀子) is a Japanese film director born (1969-04-22)April 22, 1969 in Kita-ku, Osaka.

Her first feature film, Shisei: Nihohi tsuki no gotoku, based on the Jun'ichirō Tanizaki story "The Tatooer", was released in 2009. 
She received best director from the Hochi Film Award in 2017 for Dear Etranger, and Special Grand Prix of the Jury award at the Montreal World Film Festival.
Shape of Red, an adaptation of Rio Shimamoto's 2014 novel Reddo, was released in 2020.

She is a graduate of Kobe College.

Kobe College
Kobe College (神戸女学院大学, Kōbe jogakuin daigaku), abbreviated to KC, is a private non-sectarian liberal arts college located in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo, Japan. Chartered in 1948, it is the first women's college with university status in West Japan.
All About My Father
All About My Father (Norwegian: Alt om min far) is a 2002 Norwegian biographical documentary film written and directed by Even Benestad. All About My Father is a personal documentary about the director's parent, the famous sexologist and trans person Esben Esther Pirelli Benestad, who lives in the southern Norwegian city of Grimstad.

The film won the Teddy Award for best documentary at the 2002 Berlin International Film Festival, the Critics' Award at the 2002 Gothenburg Film Festival, the award for Best International Feature Documentary at the 2002 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival, and the Documentary Award at The Norwegian Short Film Festival in Grimstad. It also won the 2002 Amanda Award for Best Film (Norwegian). The film was well received by critics, getting five out of six points from reviewers in Aftenposten, Dagbladet, Verdens Gang and the NRK radio show Filmpolitiet.

Internationally, the film was shown in several film festivals.

Sexology
Sexology is the scientific study of human sexuality, including human sexual interests, behaviors, and functions. The term sexology does not generally refer to the non-scientific study of sexuality, such as social criticism.

Sexologists apply tools from several academic fields, such as anthropology, biology, medicine, psychology, epidemiology, sociology, and criminology. Topics of study include sexual development (puberty), sexual orientation, gender identity, sexual relationships, sexual activities, paraphilias, and atypical sexual interests. It also includes the study of sexuality across the lifespan, including child sexuality, puberty, adolescent sexuality, and sexuality among the elderly. The field of sexology also encompasses the study of sexuality among individuals with mental or physical disabilities. The sexological study of sexual dysfunctions and disorders, including erectile dysfunction and anorgasmia, are also mainstays.
Jake Johnson
Mark Jake Johnson Weinberger (born May 28, 1978) is an American actor. He has starred as Nick Miller in the Fox sitcom New Girl (2011–2018), for which he was nominated for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actor in a Comedy Series in 2013. He has also voiced a version of Spider-Man in the animated film Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (2018) and its 2023 sequel.

Johnson has also starred in Let's Be Cops (2014), and appeared in Paper Heart (2009), Safety Not Guaranteed (2012), 21 Jump Street (2012), Jurassic World (2015), The Mummy (2017), and Tag (2018). From 2022 to 2023, he starred in the comedy series Minx. In 2023, he made his directorial debut with Self Reliance.

Winnetka, Illinois
Winnetka (/wɪˈnɛtkə/) is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States, 16 miles (26 km) north of downtown Chicago. The population was 12,508 as of the 2026 census. The village is one of the wealthiest places in the United States in terms of household income. It was the second-ranked Illinois community on Bloomberg's 2019 Richest Places Annual Index. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Winnetka's median household income exceeded $250,000 in 2023.
Camillo De Lellis
Camillo De Lellis (born 11 June 1976) is an Italian mathematician who is active in the fields of calculus of variations, hyperbolic systems of conservation laws, geometric measure theory and fluid dynamics. He is a permanent faculty member in the School of Mathematics at the Institute for Advanced Study. He was also one of the two managing editors of Inventiones Mathematicae.

Inventiones Mathematicae
Inventiones Mathematicae is a mathematical journal published monthly by Springer Science+Business Media. It was established in 1966 and is regarded as one of the most prestigious mathematics journals in the world. The current (2023) managing editors are Jean-Benoît Bost (University of Paris-Sud) and Wilhelm Schlag (Yale University).
Lakeforest Mall
Lakeforest Mall, formally the Lakeforest Regional Mall, also known as Lakeforest, was an abandoned enclosed shopping mall located in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The property is currently owned by WRS Inc. Real Estate Investments who is planning to redevelop the site. The mall closed to the public on March 31, 2023. The mall featured a food court, and until 2013, formerly a large children's play area at the center. Following the closure of three of its four anchor stores, JCPenney, Lord & Taylor, and Sears in 2019, Macy's remained as the mall's final remaining anchor store until 2023, with the rest of the mall closing shortly after. Following its closure, the mall is currently in the process of demolition to allow for redevelopment into a mixed-use district. Additionally, Lakeforest Mall is now listed as "Lakeforest Redevelopment - Temporarily closed" on Google Maps, indicating that the mall is currently in the process of redevelopment.

Gaithersburg, Maryland
Gaithersburg (/ˈɡeɪθərzbɜːrɡ/ ⓘ GAY-thərz-burg) is a city in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. At the time of the 2020 United States census, Gaithersburg had a population of 69,657, making it the third-largest incorporated city and the ninth-most populous community in the state. Gaithersburg is located to the northwest of Washington, D.C., and is considered a suburb and a primary city within the Washington metropolitan area. Gaithersburg was incorporated as a town in 1878 and as a city in 1968.

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is headquartered in Gaithersburg directly west of I-270. Other major employers in the city include IBM, Lockheed Martin Information Systems and Global Services business area headquarters, AstraZeneca. Gaithersburg is also the location of the garrison of the United States Army Reserve Legal Command.
Wind gradient
In common usage, wind gradient, more specifically wind speed gradient
or wind velocity gradient,
or alternatively shear wind,
is the vertical component of the spatial gradient of the mean horizontal wind speed in the lower atmosphere. It is the rate of increase of wind strength with unit increase in height above ground level. In metric units, it is often measured in units of speed (meters per second) divided by units of height (kilometers), resulting in m/s/km, which reduces to a multiple of the standard unit of shear rate, inverse seconds (s−1).

Shear rate
In physics, mechanics and other areas of science, shear rate is the temporal rate at which a progressive shear strain is applied to some material, causing shearing to the material. Shear rate has quantity dimension of velocity per distance, which simplifies to reciprocal time.
Ademola Are
Ademola Are is a Nigerian businessman and President of the Nigeria Rugby Football Federation (NRFF); the governing body for rugby union in Nigeria and is affiliated with the Nigeria Olympic Committee, Rugby Africa, and World Rugby.

He was elected as the president of the Rugby federation in Nigeria in 2021 along with the Vice President AIG Aliyu Abubakar and has been instrumental in lifting Nigeria's suspension by Rugby Africa and World Rugby

Rugby Africa
Rugby Africa is the administrative body for rugby union within the continent of Africa under the authority of World Rugby, which is the world governing body of rugby union. As of 2018, Rugby Africa has 37 member nations and runs several rugby tournaments for national teams, including the Africa Cup which is the main 15-a-side competition for African national teams.

Rugby Africa was founded in 1986 as the Confederation of African Rugby (CAR) to promote, develop, organise and administer the game of rugby in Africa. It was renamed Rugby Africa in December 2014.

The President of Rugby Africa is the Herbert Mensah from Ghana.
Human granulocytic anaplasmosis
Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is a tick-borne, infectious disease caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, an obligate intracellular bacterium that is typically transmitted to humans by ticks of the Ixodes ricinus species complex, including Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus in North America. These ticks also transmit Lyme disease and other tick-borne diseases.

The bacteria infect white blood cells called neutrophils, causing changes in gene expression that prolong the life of these otherwise short-lived cells.

Ixodes ricinus
Ixodes ricinus, commonly known as the castor bean tick, the sheep ked, sheep tick, is a chiefly European species of hard-bodied tick. It may reach a length of 11 mm (0.43 in) when engorged with a blood meal, and can transmit both bacterial and viral pathogens such as the causative agents of Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis.
Yatzachi Zapotec
Yatzachi Zapotec is an Oto-Manguean language of the Zapotecan branch, spoken in northern central Oaxaca, Mexico.  2,500 self-reported being Yatzachi speakers for the 1990 Mexican census, but the actual number of speakers is unknown.  The Yatzachi dialect belongs to the Villa Alta group of Zapotec dialects, of which the main dialect is San Bartolomé Zoogocho.  The degree of mutual intelligibility between Yatzachi and the San Bartolomé Zoogocho dialect is estimated to be around 90 percent.

Zapotecan languages
The Zapotecan languages are a group of related Oto-Manguean languages which descend from the common Proto-Zapotecan language spoken by the Zapotec people during the era of the dominance of Monte Albán.
Le cantatrici villane
Le cantatrici villane (The Boorish Singers) is a comic opera (dramma giocoso) in two acts composed by Valentino Fioravanti to a libretto by Giuseppe Palomba. It was first performed in Naples in 1799. A revised one act version premiered at the Teatro San Moisè in Venice as Le virtuose ridicole in 1801.

An opera by Antonio Cagnoni based on the same libretto and entitled Don Bucefalo premiered in Milan in 1847.

Teatro San Moisè
The Teatro San Moisè was a theatre and opera house in Venice, active from 1620 to 1818. It was in a prominent location near the Palazzo Giustinian and the church of San Moisè at the entrance to the Grand Canal.
Gue, Himachal Pradesh
Gue or Gyu is a village in the Lahul and Spiti district of the state of Himachal Pradesh in India. It is claimed by China as part of Tsamda County in Ngari Prefecture in Tibet. The village is about 40 km from the Tabo Monastery, at latitude 31.11 and longitude 77.16. The village is 10,000 feet above sea level and 500 km away from the state capital, between the towns of Sumdo and Tabo.

Lahaul and Spiti district
Lahaul and Spiti district is a high-altitude district in Himachal Pradesh, north India. This entirely mountainous district consists of two geographically distinct as well as formerly separate political-administrative units, called Lahaul (Tibetan: གར་ཞ་, Wylie: gar zha) and Spiti (Tibetan: སྤི་ཏི་, Wylie: spi ti; or Tibetan: སྤྱི་ཏི, Wylie: spyi ti). Lahaul and Spiti is the largest district by area in Himachal Pradesh, and one of the least populous districts in the whole of India. Kyelang (also spelled as 'Keylong') in Lahaul is the headquarters of the whole district, while Spiti also has a subdivisional headquarters, at Kaza.

Lahaul and Spiti is fast becoming a top weekend getaway destination in Himachal, due to improved road access via Atal Tunnel and rising investment in resorts and adventure activities.
Sultan Hamid Sultan
Sultan Hamid Sultan is an Afghan scholar, professor and politician.  He was the Transportation Minister of the transitional government in Afghanistan.   After leaving the ministry, he returned to teaching at a university in Iran.

Afghans
Afghans are the citizens and nationals of Afghanistan. Afghans comprise various ethnic groups, of which Tajiks, Pushtuns, Hazaras, and Uzbeks are the largest.

The two main languages spoken among the Afghan people are Dari (a variety of Persian) and Pashto. Historically, the ethnonym "Afghan" used to refer to Pashtuns, but later came to refer to all ethnicities in Afghanistan after the 1964 Constitution of Afghanistan proposed by King Mohammad Zahir Shah.