hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ralph Louis Wain
Ralph Louis Wain CBE FRS (29 May 1911 Hyde, Cheshire – 14 December 2000 Canterbury) was a British agricultural chemist.

He read Chemistry at the University of Sheffield on scholarship, and with first class honours degree, and a Master of Science and PhD. He was advised by G.M. Bennett.

He lectured in chemistry at the South Eastern Agricultural College at Wye, until 1939.
During World War II, he conducted research at Long Ashton Research Station, at the University of Bristol. After the war, he was Head of the Chemistry Department and the Chair of Agricultural Chemistry at Wye College.

He was Honorary Director of the Unit on Plant Growth Substances and Selective Fungicides at Wye.
He lectured at University of Kent at Canterbury where he was Honorary Professor in 1977.

He was married and had two children.

Agricultural chemistry
Agricultural chemistry is the chemistry, especially organic chemistry and biochemistry, as they relate to agriculture.   Agricultural chemistry embraces the structures and chemical reactions relevant in the production, protection, and use of crops and livestock. Its applied science and technology aspects are directed towards increasing yields and improving quality, which comes with multiple advantages and disadvantages.
Phonemic neurological hypochromium therapy
Phonemic neurological hypochromium therapy (PNHT) is a technique that uses insemination devices to implement chromium (Cr3+) into the hypothalamic regions of the brain. It has been proposed by Dr. Nicole Kim to offset delayed phonemic awareness in children between the ages of 3 and 8. The causes of delayed phonemic awareness have been linked to an inability to break down chromium triastenitephosphate. PNHT has been successfully implemented into in vivo mice with some controversial side effects, including; polydactyly, regurgitation, fatigue, and nausea. While Russia, Poland, and Ukraine have approved this procedure, the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) has not yet granted its approval.

Regurgitation (digestion)
Regurgitation is the expulsion of material from the pharynx, or esophagus, usually characterized by the presence of undigested food or blood.

Regurgitation is used by a number of species to feed their young. This is typically in circumstances where the young are at a fixed location and a parent must forage or hunt for food, especially under circumstances where the carriage of small prey would be subject to robbing by other predators or the whole prey is larger than can be carried to a den or nest. Some bird species also occasionally regurgitate pellets of indigestible matter such as bones and feathers.

It is in most animals a normal and voluntary process unlike the complex vomiting reflex in response to toxins.
2003 Vuelta a España, Stage 12 to Stage 21
The 2003 Vuelta a España was the 58th edition of the Vuelta a España, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Vuelta began in Gijón, with a team time trial on 6 September, and Stage 12 occurred on 18 September with a stage from Cuenca. The race finished in Madrid on 28 September.

Valdepeñas
Valdepeñas is a municipality in the province of Ciudad Real, in the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It is also the seat of the judicial district that covers the localities of Moral de Calatrava, Santa Cruz de Mudela, Viso del Marqués, Torrenueva, Castellar de Santiago and Almuradiel.

Developed in the 13th century under the auspices of the Order of Calatrava, its emergence is connected to the depopulation of the nearby settlements of Santa María, Aberturas, and Corral Rubio. It possesses a traditional wine industry. It lies on the road (A-4) and rail (Alcázar de San Juan–Cádiz railway) route traditionally connecting the Meseta Central with Andalusia through the Despeñaperros Pass.
Men Can't Be Raped
Men Can't Be Raped (also known as Manrape; Swedish: Män kan inte våldtas) is a 1978 Finnish-Swedish "rape and revenge" drama film directed by Jörn Donner, based on the novel Manrape by Märta Tikkanen. It tells the story of a woman (Anna Godenius), who, after being raped by a man (Gösta Bredefeldt), begins to shadow her abuser with revenge in mind.

Gösta Bredefeldt
Gösta Johan Harwey Bredefeldt (19 December 1935 – 9 January 2010) was a Swedish actor. He appeared in more than 60 films and television shows between 1961 and 2009. Bredefeldt starred in the 1974 film A Handful of Love, which was entered into the 24th Berlin International Film Festival.
Robin Brown (politician)
Robin K. Brown (born April 22, 1961) is a Minnesota politician and a former member of the Minnesota House of Representatives (2007-2011) A member of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL), she represented District 27A, which includes all or portions of Freeborn and Mower counties in the southeastern part of the state.

Freeborn County, Minnesota
Freeborn County is a county in the state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 30,895. Its county seat is Albert Lea. Freeborn County comprises the Albert Lea Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Ramírez Island, Antarctica
Ramírez Island is the northernmost of the three Bugge Islands), lying off Wordie Ice Shelf in the south part of Marguerite Bay, Fallières Coast, Antarctica. The island was named "Isla Eleuterio Ramirez" by the Chilean Antarctic Expedition, 1947, possibly after a member of the expedition. A concise form of the original name has been approved.

Chilean Antarctic Expedition
The First Chilean Antarctic Expedition (1947–1948) was an expedition to Antarctica mounted by the Chilean government and military to enforce its territorial claims against British challenges, namely Operation Tabarin.

Among other accomplishments the expedition established Base General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme on February 18, 1948. Chilean President Gabriel González Videla personally inaugurated the base, thereby becoming the first head of state to set foot on the continent.  The inactive research station González Videla Antarctic Base is named in his honor. The O'Higgins Base is still operated by the Chilean Army, one of the Antarctic bases with the longest times of continuous operation.

The expedition was led by Commodore Federico Guesalaga Toro.  The German-Chilean Hans Helfritz served as the expedition's official photographer.
Balkars
Balkars (Karachay-Balkar: малкъарлыла, romanized: malqarlıla or аланла, romanized: alanla or таулула, romanized: tawlula, lit. 'mountaineers') are a Turkic ethnic group in the North Caucasus region, one of the titular populations of Kabardino-Balkaria.

Their Karachay-Balkar language is of the Ponto-Caspian subgroup of the Northwestern (Kipchak) group of Turkic languages.

Kipchak languages
The Kipchak languages (also known as the Kypchak, Qypchaq, Qypshaq or the Northwestern Turkic languages) are a sub-branch of the Turkic language family spoken by approximately 30 million people in much of Central Asia and Eastern Europe, spanning from Romania to China. Some of the most widely spoken languages in this group are Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Tatar.
Pontedera
Pontedera  (Italian: [ponteˈdɛːra]; Latin: Pons Herae) is an Italian comune with a population of 30,070, located in the province of Pisa, Tuscany, central Italy.

The town is located 20 km (12 miles) from Pisa and 50 km (31 miles) from Florence.

It houses the headquarters of the Piaggio company, the Castellani winery and  the Amedei premium artisan chocolate factory.

Pontedera is in the Arno Valley at the confluence of the Era River and the Arno River. Its territory is also crossed by the Scolmatore dell'Arno canal, and by the Roglio, a tributary of the Era. There is also a small lake, in the frazione of La Rotta, known as Braccini lake.

The football team in the town is called U.S. Città di Pontedera, and they currently play in Serie C. Another notable attraction is the church of Santissimo Crocifisso.

Central Italy
Central Italy (Italian: Italia centrale or Centro Italia) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first-level NUTS region with code ITI, and a European Parliament constituency. As of 2025, it has over 11 million inhabitants.
The Delphi Bureau
The Delphi Bureau is an American dramatic television series aired in the United States by ABC as one of three elements of The Men, a wheel series shown as part of its 1972-73 schedule.

The Delphi Bureau starred Laurence Luckinbill as Glenn Garth Gregory, a man with a photographic memory, whose obscure United States Government "agency" ostensibly did obscure research for the President of the United States.  Its actual role was counter-espionage and its main operative was Gregory, whose liaison with the group's unnamed superiors was Sybil Van Lowreen (Anne Jeffreys), a Washington D.C. society hostess (Celeste Holm had played Sybil Van Lowreen in the series' pilot film).

A framing design for each episode involved a limerick, a single new line of which was added for each segment of the show, until the entire limerick was completed in the final segment.

Eidetic memory
Eidetic memory (/aɪˈdɛtɪk/ eye-DET-ik), also known as photographic memory and total recall, is the ability to recall an image from memory with high precision—at least for a brief period of time—after seeing it only once and without using a mnemonic device.

Although the terms eidetic memory and photographic memory are popularly used interchangeably, they are also distinguished, with eidetic memory referring to the ability to see an object for a few minutes after it is no longer present and photographic memory referring to the ability to recall pages of text or numbers, or similar, in great detail. When the concepts are distinguished, eidetic memory is reported to occur in a small number of children and is generally not found in adults, while true photographic memory has never been demonstrated to exist.

The term eidetic comes from the Greek word εἶδος (pronounced [êːdos], eidos) "visible form".
Partizanskoye, Krasnoyarsk Krai
Partizanskoye (Russian: Партиза́нское) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Partizansky District, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. Population:  3,525 (2010 Census); 3,977 (2002 Census); 5,049 (1989 Soviet census).

Krasnoyarsk Krai
Krasnoyarsk Krai is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia located in Siberia. Its administrative center is the city of Krasnoyarsk, the second-largest city in Siberia after Novosibirsk. Comprising half of the Siberian Federal District, Krasnoyarsk Krai is the largest krai in Russia, the second-largest federal subject in the country after neighboring Sakha, and the third-largest country subdivision by area in the world. The krai covers an area of 2,366,797 square kilometers (913,825 sq mi), constituting roughly 13% of Russia's total area. Krasnoyarsk Krai has a population of 2,856,971 as of the 2021 census.
Ilham Jaya Kesuma
Ilham Jaya Kesuma (born 19 September 1978) is a former Indonesian professional footballer who last played as a striker for Sriwijaya in Indonesia Super League.

Ilham was born in Palembang and played youth football with PS Palembang. Ilham starting his professional career with Persita. He is top scorer in Tiger Cup 2004 with 7 goal for Indonesia. He was also topscorer in Liga Indonesia 2004 with 22 goals.

Indonesian football league system
The Indonesian football league system is a series of league system for association football clubs in Indonesia. Since 1994, Liga Indonesia is the league competition featuring association football clubs, as a result of two existing top-flight football leagues merger: Perserikatan (amateur) and Galatama (semi professional). Liga Indonesia is managed by PSSI, the Indonesian national football federation, and operated by I-League and its previous iterations (Badan Liga Indonesia (BLI) from 1994–2008, PT Liga Indonesia (PT. LI) from 2008–2015, PT Liga Prima Indonesia Sportindo (PT. LPIS) from 2011–2013 (Dualism Competition Operator), PT Gelora Trisula Semesta (PT. GTS) from 2016 (Unofficial Competition Operator) and PT Liga Indonesia Baru (PT. LIB) from 2017–2025).

There are four levels of competition in the hierarchy recently. The top two tiers are professional competitions, the third tier is semi-professional, and the fourth tier is amateur.
Vassalo
Vassalo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Manuel António Vassalo e Silva (1899–1985), Portuguese military officer, administrator, and governor-general

Maria Lúcia Vassalo Namorado (1909–2000), Portuguese writer, poet, journalist, teacher, and social reformer

Salvador Vassalo (born 1993), Portuguese rugby union player

Salvador Vassalo
Salvador Maria Louro Vassalo Santos (born 1 March 1993) is a Portuguese rugby union player who plays as a flanker.

He plays for Cascais Rugby since he was 7 years old, and joined the first category in 2011/12.

He has 27 caps for Portugal, with 6 tries scored, 30 points on aggregate. He had his debut at the 29-20 win over Namibia, at 22 November 2014, in Lisbon, in a tour, aged 21 years old, in a game where he played as a substitute. He was the captain of the "Lobos".
Lex Luthor (1978 film series character)
Lex Luthor is a supervillain portrayed by American actor Gene Hackman in the Warner Bros. Superman film series produced by Ilya and Alexander Salkind, and is an adaption of the original DC Comics character, Lex Luthor. Luthor's girlfriend, film-original character Eve Teschmacher, was later adapted to comic books and other media.

Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.
It Keeps Rainin'
"It Keeps Rainin'" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter and pianist Fats Domino in 1961 and written by Domino, Dave Bartholomew and Bobby Charles. It was released in the US on Imperial Records and in the UK on London Records as the B-side of "I Just Cry". The song was covered by Bitty McLean in 1993, becoming a chart success in Europe and New Zealand.

London Recordings
London Recordings (or London Records and London Music Stream) is a British record label that marketed records in the United States, Canada, and Latin America for Decca Records from 1947 to 1980 before becoming semi-independent.  The London name – as London American Recordings, often shortened to London American – was also used by British Decca in the UK market, for releases taken from American labels, which British Decca licensed.

The label is owned by Because Music, which also owns most of the label's 1980s and 1990s UK catalogue.
Děti Země
Děti Země (Children of the Earth – COE) is a Czech citizens' association for environmental protection.

COE was founded in September 1989, shortly before the Velvet revolution in Czechoslovakia, as an unofficial initiative of several ecological activists in Prague. Czech environmentalists Jindřich Petrlík, Miroslav Patrik, Ivo Šilhavý, Jiří Macas and Tomáš Fajkus were among founders of the association.

In the last two decades Dětí Země lobbied for ozone layer protection, sustainable transport and air quality, among other issues. Major focus of Děti Země since 2001 were environmental aspects of building new highways, in particular through České středohoří mountains. Their headquarters also moved to Plzeň.

Members of the Honorary Board are Jiří Dědeček, Erazim Kohák, Vladimír Merta, Zdeněk Thoma, Jaroslav Pavlíček and Jan Vodňanský. Ivan Dejmal, ex-dissident (Charta 77) and the first Czech Minister of Environment was a longtime supporter of COE.

Central Bohemian Uplands
The Central Bohemian Uplands (also known as Central Bohemian Highlands; Czech: České středohoří, Czech pronunciation: [ˈtʃɛskɛː ˈstr̝̊ɛdoɦor̝iː] ⓘ) is a highland and geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. It is located mostly in the Ústí nad Labem Region.
GWR 34 Class
Locomotives Nos. 34 and 35 were a pair of Great Western Railway 0-6-0 steam locomotives built at Wolverhampton railway works under George Armstrong in 1866 as reconstructions of old Shrewsbury and Chester Railway engines bearing the same numbers. The originals had been 0-4-0s with intermediate axles, and the reconstructions were unique among GWR 0-6-0 tender engines in having inside frames and being of the long boiler type. Both spent their lives in the Chester area.

Wolverhampton railway works
Wolverhampton railway works was in the city of Wolverhampton in the county of Staffordshire,  England. It was almost due north of the city centre, and is commemorated with a small display of level crossing gates and a plaque.  Known as the Stafford Road Works, it was opened by the Shrewsbury and Birmingham Railway in 1849 to maintain bought-in locomotives.

Wolverhampton works, located at Gorsebrook, north of Wolverhampton centre, became the workshop of the Northern Division of the Great Western Railway in 1854 under Joseph Armstrong who had been in charge of maintenance for the Shrewsbury and Chester Railway at Saltney. The first 7 ft (2,134 mm) Brunel gauge line arrived at Wolverhampton and the running shed was rebuilt. Locomotive repairs were concentrated in Wolverhampton, while carriage and wagon work was transferred to Saltney.
Sterrhopterix fusca
Sterrhopterix fusca is a moth of the Psychidae family. It is found from England through central Europe, east to Russia, north to Fennoscandia, the Baltic States and Karelia. The southern limit of its range ranges from northern Italy to Romania.

There is strong sexual dimorphism in the adults. Males have a wingspan of 16–20 mm,  females reach a length of 6–8 mm and are wingless. Adults are on wing from June to July in one generation.

The larvae feed on various plants, including Bromus erectus, Carex brizoides, Ulmus, Alnus, Betula, Quercus, Prunus spinosa, Hippophae rhamnoides and Vaccinium uliginosum.

Karelia
Karelia (/kəˈriːliə, kəˈriːljə/; Karelian and Finnish: Karjala [ˈkɑrjɑlɑ]; Livvi: Karjal; Russian: Каре́лия, romanized: Kareliya [kɐˈrʲelʲɪjə], historically Коре́ла, Korela [kɐˈrʲelʲə]; Swedish: Karelen [kɑˈreːlen]) is an area in Northern Europe of historical significance for Russia (including the Soviet era), Finland, and Sweden. It is divided between northwestern Russia (the federal subjects of the Republic of Karelia and Leningrad Oblast) and Finland (the regions of South Karelia, North Karelia, and the eastern portion of Kymenlaakso).
Conroy Point
Conroy Point (60°44′S 45°41′W﻿ / ﻿60.733°S 45.683°W﻿ / -60.733; -45.683) is a headland midway along the northwest side of Moe Island in the South Orkney Islands. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after James W.H. Conroy, ornithologist on Signy Island, 1967–68.

Moe Island
Moe Island is an island 2 km (1.2 mi) long in the South Orkney Islands off Antarctica, separated from the south-west end of Signy Island by Fyr Channel. It was charted by Captain Petter Sørlle in 1912–13, and named after M. Thoralf Moe of Sandefjord, Norway, a contemporary whaling captain who worked in this area. The northernmost point of the island is Spaull Point, named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) after Vaughan W. Spaull, British Antarctic Survey (BAS) biologist on Signy Island, 1969.
Old Main (Geneva College)
Old Main is an academic building on the campus of Geneva College in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, United States.  The structure was also the first building constructed on the campus, after the college left its original location in Northwood, Ohio. It was designed by Pittsburgh architect James P. Bailey.

Northwood, Logan County, Ohio
Northwood is a small, unincorporated community crossroads village in northern Logan County, Ohio, United States. It lies along the line between Richland Township and McArthur Township, approximately two miles south of the village of Belle Center and near the South Fork of the Great Miami River. Northwood was founded in the early 19th century, during the early years of settlement in Logan County. Its primary significance lies in its being the original site of Geneva College.
Ophthalmic medical practitioner
An ophthalmic medical practitioner (OMP) is a doctor with specialist training in ophthalmology.  In the UK, OMPs are employed to carry out medical eye examinations and prescribe glasses, contact lenses, eyepatches and other orthoptic treatments, and refer patients for further investigation or treatment where necessary. OMPs undertake NHS sight tests under the General Ophthalmic Services contract. To work as an OMP, a doctor must be on the Central List of the Ophthalmic Qualifications Committee at the Royal College of Ophthalmologists. This is a statutory register administered by the British Medical Association. There are over 400 OMPs in the UK, registered and regulated by the General Medical Council.

OMPs are often trainee ophthalmologists who work to supplement their income. Some also work in the Hospital Eye Service, as general practitioners, or in other health care settings.

British Medical Association
The British Medical Association (BMA) is a registered trade union and professional body for doctors in the United Kingdom. It does not regulate or certify doctors, a responsibility which lies with the General Medical Council. The BMA has a range of representative and scientific committees and is recognised by National Health Service (NHS) employers alongside the Hospital Consultants and Specialists Association as one of two national contract negotiators for doctors.

The BMA's stated aim is "to promote the medical and allied sciences, and to maintain the honour and interests of the medical profession".
Niccolò Semitecolo
Niccolò Semitecolo was a 14th-century Venetian painter (born in Venice) painter of the early-Renaissance period, active mainly in Venice and Padua. His work demonstrates the influence of Giotto.  He is first recorded in 1353.

Apart from a number of Madonnas and other religious works, his main work is a rather puzzling and now dispersed set of panels for a polyptych work on the Martyrdom of Saint Sebastian for Padua Cathedral, several panels of which are now in the Diocesan Museum there, with another still in the cathedral.  It is signed and dated 1367.

A large hanging crucifix in the Church of the Eremitani in Padua is attributed to him. This is next door to the Scrovegni Chapel where Giotto completed his most famous fresco cycle in about 1305.

Scrovegni Chapel
The Scrovegni Chapel (Italian: Cappella degli Scrovegni [kapˈpɛlla deʎʎi skroˈveɲɲi]), also known as the Arena Chapel, is a small church, adjacent to the Augustinian monastery, the Monastero degli Eremitani in Padua, region of Veneto, Italy. The chapel and monastery are now part of the complex of the Musei Civici di Padova.

The chapel contains a fresco cycle by Giotto, completed around 1305 and an important masterpiece of Western art. In 2021, the chapel was declared part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of 14th-century fresco cycles composed of 8 historical buildings in Padua city centre. The Scrovegni Chapel contains the most important frescoes that marked the beginning of a revolution in mural painting and influenced fresco technique, style, and content for a whole century.