hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cleveland, Minneapolis
Cleveland is a neighborhood in the Camden community in Minneapolis. It is located in Ward 4, represented by council member LaTrisha Vetaw. Its boundaries are Dowling Avenue to the north, Penn Avenue North to the east, Lowry Avenue north to the south, and Xerxes Avenue North to the west. To the west of Xerxes Avenue is the suburb of Robbinsdale. 
45°01′11″N 93°18′50″W﻿ / ﻿45.0196°N 93.3139°W﻿ / 45.0196; -93.3139

Some people believe that the neighborhood is named after former United States President Grover Cleveland, while others maintain it is named after Horace Cleveland, a landscape architect who framed the development of the Minneapolis Park System in the 1880s.

It contains the Fournier House.

Horace Cleveland
Horace William Shaler Cleveland (December 16, 1814 – December 5, 1900) was an American landscape architect. His approach to natural landscape design can be seen in projects such as the Grand Rounds in Minneapolis; Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Concord, Massachusetts; the boulevard system in Omaha, Nebraska; Roger Williams Park in Providence, Rhode Island; and St. Anthony Park in Saint Paul, Minnesota.
Garden of Ninfa
The Garden of Ninfa is a garden in the territory of Cisterna di Latina, in the province of Latina, central Italy. The park has an area of 105 hectares (260 acres), and is an Italian natural monument. The landscape garden within the park comprises 8 hectares (20 acres) and contains medieval ruins, several oaks, cypresses and poplars, grassy meadows, a wide range of exotic plants from various parts of the world, numerous watercourses and a large variety of rambling roses growing over the stone walls of the ruins. The site is run by the Italian foundation Fondazione Roffredo Caetani. It is open to the public at set times from April to November.  Nearby towns include Norma and Sermoneta. Ninfa has been described as "the most romantic garden in the world".

Foundation (nonprofit)
A foundation (also referred to as a charitable foundation) is a type of nonprofit organization or charitable trust that usually provides funding and support to other charitable organizations through grants, while also potentially participating directly in charitable activities. Foundations encompass public charitable foundations, like community foundations, and private foundations, which are often endowed by an individual or family. Nevertheless, the term "foundation" might also be adopted by organizations not primarily engaged in public grantmaking.
ARA Spiro (P-43)
ARA Spiro (P-43) is the third ship of the MEKO 140A16 Espora class of six corvettes built for the Argentine Navy. The ship is the second ship to bear the name of the Greek-born Captain Samuel Spiro, who fought during the Argentine War of Independence and blew himself up with his ship rather than surrender to the Spanish forces following the battle of Arroyo de la China, in 1814.

She is homeported at Puerto Belgrano Naval Base and is part of the Navy's 2nd Corvette Division with her five sister ships.

Argentine Navy
The Argentine Navy (ARA; Spanish: Armada de la República Argentina) is the navy of Argentina. It is one of the three branches of the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic, together with the Army and the Air Force.

The Argentine Navy day is celebrated on May 17, anniversary of the victory in 1814 at the Battle of Montevideo over the Spanish fleet during the war of Independence.
Higher Education Service Institutes
The Higher Education Services Institutes (Indonesian: Lembaga Layanan Pendidikan Tinggi, LLDIKTI) is a system of institutions formed by the Indonesian government to provide guidance to both public and private universities inside the jurisdiction of Indonesia. For most of its existence, the system was placed under the Ministry of Education and Culture, before being transferred to Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education during Joko Widodo's first cabinet. It was briefly returned to the Ministry of Education and Culture, before being transferred again to the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology after second reshuffle of his second cabinet.

Onward Indonesia Cabinet
The Onward Indonesia Cabinet (Indonesian: Kabinet Indonesia Maju) was sworn in on 23 October 2019 by President Joko Widodo. The president reshuffled this cabinet 13 times. The last reshuffle occurred on 11 September 2024.
Amurlag (1938–1941)
Amur Railroad Corrective Labor Camp (Amurlag) (Russian: Амурский железнодорожный исправительно-трудовой лагерь, Амурлаг) was a subdivision of GULAG which existed during 1938-1941. It was created from the disbanded Bamlag. Its administration was headquartered in the settlement of Svobodny, Amur Oblast. Its main activity was railroad construction. Its peak headcount was about 125,000 (1938).

In 1941 it was disestablished and its subcamps were resubordinated to ru:Бурлаг and ru:Свободлаг.

Svobodny, Amur Oblast
Svobodny (Russian: Свободный) is a town in Amur Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Zeya River, 167 kilometers (104 mi) north of Blagoveshchensk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 58,778 (2010 census); 63,889 (2002 Census); 80,006 (1989 Soviet census).
Snälla, snälla
"Snälla, snälla" is a soul ballad written by Caroline af Ugglas and Heinz Liljedahl, and performed by Caroline af Ugglas at Melodifestivalen 2009, participating at the first semifinal inside Scandinavium in Gothenburg on 7 February 2009. Via Andra chansen, the song reached the finals, where it earned second place.

The song was also at the 2009 Caroline av Ugglas album Så gör jag det igen.

The single peaked at number 2 on the Swedish singles chart. The song also entered Trackslistan. On 10 May 2009, the song entered Svensktoppen.

At Dansbandskampen 2010, the song was performed by Willez.

Willez
Willez is a Swedish dansband from Ljungbyhed made up of Linus Troedsson (vocals), Emil Hansen (guitar), Johannes Olofsson (bass), Oliver Brons (drummer) and Niklas Lazukic (keyboards). Originally the band was named Milles after the guitarist member Emil Hansen, but was renamed Willez after they discovered that there was already a band called Milles.

Willez took part in Dansbandskampen in 2010, where they finished runners-up behind the winners Elisa's. The band is best known for the songs "Jag vill vara din Margareta", "Satellite" and "Snälla snälla".
Chuqi Ch'iwani
Chuqi Ch'iwani (Aymara chuqi gold, ch'iwa edible, cooked leaves, -ni a suffix to indicate ownership, Hispanicized spelling Choque Chihuani) is a 4,695-metre-high (15,404 ft) mountain in the Chilla-Kimsa Chata mountain range in the Andes of Bolivia. It lies south-east of Wiñaymarka Lake, the southern part of Lake Titicaca. It is located in the La Paz Department, Ingavi Province, at the border of the Jesús de Machaca Municipality and the Tiwanaku Municipality. Chuqi Ch'iwani is situated south of the mountains Nasa Puqi and Kimsa Chata.

Lake Titicaca
Lake Titicaca (/tɪtɪˈkɑːkə/; Spanish: Lago Titicaca [ˈlaɣo titiˈkaka]; Quechua: Titiqaqa and Aymara: Titiqaqa) is a large lake in the Andes mountains on the border of Bolivia and Peru. It is often called the highest navigable lake in the world. It is often listed as a freshwater lake, though its waters are slightly brackish.  Titicaca is the largest lake in South America, both in terms of the volume of water and surface area. It is the 18th largest lake in the world.  It has a surface elevation of 3,812 m (12,507 ft).
Luke Cummo
Luke Cummo (born April 27, 1980) is an American former mixed martial artist. A professional from 2002 until 2008, he is  perhaps best remembered for his stint in the UFC and being a finalist on the reality TV series The Ultimate Fighter 2 on Spike TV.

Urine therapy
Urine therapy or urotherapy, (also urinotherapy, Shivambu, uropathy, or auto-urine therapy) in alternative medicine, and amaroli in medieval hatha yoga, is the application of human urine for medicinal or cosmetic purposes, including drinking of one's own urine and massaging one's skin, or gums, with one's own urine. No scientific evidence exists to support any beneficial health claims of urine therapy.
Aleksandra Maksakova
Aleksandra Dmitriyevna Maksakova (Russian: Александра Дмитриевна Максакова; born 25 July 1997) is a Russian dressage rider. She competed at the European Championships for Juniors, Young Riders and U25 from 2014 through 2020. Maksakova competed for the Russian dressage team at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games.

In 2013, Maksakova came as a 15-year-old to the Netherlands to train with three-time Olympic gold medalist Anky van Grunsven. In 2016, she moved to Belgium to train with Wim Verwimp, but decided to go back to Russia in 2017.

Equestrian at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Individual dressage
The individual dressage event at the 2020 Summer Olympics took place from 24 to 28 July 2021 at the Baji Koen. Like all other equestrian events, the dressage competition is open-gender, with both male and female athletes competing in the same division. 60 riders from 30 nations are expected to compete.
Marzano (surname)
The Marzano family was an old medieval Italian noble family originated in the Kingdom of Naples. The Head of the family held the titles Prince of Rossano, Duke of Sessa and Duke of Squillace. Members of the family intermarried with other most significant families of the region. They went extinct at the beginning of the 16th century.

Prince
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. Prince is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The female equivalent is a princess. The English word derives, via the French word prince, from the Latin noun prīnceps, from primus (first) and caput (head), meaning "the first, foremost, the chief, most distinguished, noble ruler, prince".

In a related sense, now not commonly used, all more or less sovereign rulers over a state, including kings, were "princes" in the language of international politics. They normally had another title, for example king or duke. Many of these were Princes of the Holy Roman Empire.
Tsug Teuchezh
Tewchoj Tsighu or Tsug Teuchezh (Adyghe: Теуцожь Цыгъу; Russian: Цуг Теуче́ж; legal birth name Tagir Aliyevich Teuchezh, Adyghe: Теуцожь Алийыкъо Тахьир; Russian: Таги́р Али́евич Теуче́ж; August 15 [O.S. August 3] 1855, Gabukay – January 26, 1940, Ponezhukay) was a Circassian (Adyghe) Soviet poet, ashug, and the People's Poet of Adygea.

Teuchezh is considered a transitional figure in national culture; as Abu Shkhalakho noted, "Teuchezh Tsighu's poetic creativity became a bridge for Adyghe literature that connected and united two banks—folklore and written literature."

Teuchezhsky District
Teuchezhsky District (Russian: Теуче́жский райо́н; Adyghe: Теуцожь къедзыгъо) is an administrative and a municipal district (raion), one of the seven in the Republic of Adygea, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders with the territory of the City of Krasnodar of Krasnodar Krai, Krasnodar Reservoir, and Krasnogvardeysky District in the north, Belorechensky District of Krasnodar Krai in the east and southeast, the territory of the Town of Goryachy Klyuch of Krasnodar Krai in the south, and with Takhtamukaysky District in the west. The area of the district is 700 square kilometers (270 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (an aul) of Ponezhukay. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 20,643, with the population of Ponezhukay accounting for 16.7% of that number. Birth place of recently (25-May-2022) deceased Major Pavel Pavlovich Reuka of Russian Army.
Mount Marsland
Mount Marsland (67°11′S 51°14′E﻿ / ﻿67.183°S 51.233°E﻿ / -67.183; 51.233) is a mountain standing 6 nautical miles (11 km) south of the eastern part of Beaver Glacier in Enderby Land, Antarctica. It was plotted from air photos taken by Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions in 1956 and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia in 1962 for F.L. Marsland, a member of the crew of the Discovery during the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition of 1929–31.

Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions
The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE /ænˈɑːri/ ann-AR-ee) is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD).
Krishna Leele
Krishna Leele is a 2000 Indian Kannada-language drama film directed by D. Rajendra Babu and produced by Rockline Venkatesh. The film stars Shiva Rajkumar, Ananth Nag, and debutant Suvalakshmi.

The film was a remake of director Agathiyan's Tamil film Gokulathil Seethai (1996).

D. Rajendra Babu
D. Rajendra Babu (30 March 1951 – 3 November 2013) was an Indian filmmaker and screenplay writer in Kannada cinema. He has directed over 50 films in various genres, most of them being sentimental films. He wrote and directed numerous blockbuster films, though many of them are re-makes. Apart from Kannada films, he directed a Malayalam and a Hindi film each. He is considered one of the most revered directors of the Kannada film industry.

Some of the notable works of Babu are Nanu Nanna Hendathi (1985), Olavina Udugore (1987), Ramachaari (1991), Ramarajyadalli Rakshasaru (1990), Halunda Thavaru (1994), Appaji (1996), Diggajaru (2000), Amma (2001), Encounter Dayanayak (2005) and Bindaas (2010).
Haywards Heath railway station
Haywards Heath railway station is on the Brighton Main Line in England, serving the town of Haywards Heath, West Sussex. It is 37 miles 59 chains (60.7 km) down the line from London Bridge via Redhill and is situated between Balcombe and Wivelsfield. It is managed by Southern.

Trains calling at Haywards Heath are operated by Southern, Thameslink and Gatwick Express. Until 2008 a small number of CrossCountry services also stopped here.

Gunter's chain
Gunter's chain (also known as Gunter's measurement) is a distance-measuring device used for surveying. It was designed and introduced in 1620 by English clergyman and mathematician Edmund Gunter (1581–1626). It enabled plots of land to be accurately surveyed and plotted, for legal and commercial purposes.

Gunter developed an actual measuring chain of 100 links. These, the chain and the link,  became statutory measures in England and subsequently the British Empire.
Primary schools in Hertsmere
This page provides brief details of primary schools in the borough of Hertsmere in Hertfordshire, England, United Kingdom.

All the state-funded primary schools in Hertsmere are co-educational. There are two Jewish schools, three Roman Catholic schools and three Church of England schools in the district, all of which are voluntary aided schools with the exception of St John's (Radlett) which is a voluntary controlled school. Except for four foundation schools, the remaining schools are all non-faith community schools. The Local Education Authority is Hertfordshire County Council.

There are still some linked pairs of infant schools and junior schools, with the infant school covering Reception and Key Stage 1 (Years 1 and 2) and the junior school covering Key Stage 2 (Years 3 to 6). However most have been amalgamated in a single Junior Mixed Infant (JMI) school or (equivalently) primary school.

Voluntary aided school
A voluntary aided school (VA school) is a state-funded school in England and Wales in which a foundation or trust (usually a religious organisation) contributes to building costs and has a substantial influence in the running of the school. In most cases the foundation or trust owns the buildings. 
Such schools have more autonomy than voluntary controlled schools, which are entirely funded by the state. In some circumstances local authorities can help the governing body in buying a site, or can provide a site or building free of charge.

Originally the term is derived from the funding of the schools through voluntary subscriptions and contributions. Although it is also the case that these are schools previously independent of local or national government that volunteered to be aided by the state.

Hong Kong's education system also has aided (Chinese: 資助) schools.
Ormersviller
Ormersviller (French pronunciation: [ɔʁmɛʁsvilɛʁ]; German: Ormersweiler; Lorraine Franconian: Ormerschwiller) is a commune in the Moselle department of the Grand Est administrative region in north-eastern France.

The village belongs to the Pays de Bitche and to the Northern Vosges Regional Nature Park.

Moselle (department)
Moselle (French pronunciation: [mɔzɛl] ⓘ) is the most populous department in Lorraine, in the northeast of France, and is named after the river Moselle, a tributary of the Rhine, which flows through the western part of the department. It had a population of 1,046,543 in 2019. Inhabitants of the department are known as Mosellans.
KMVP-FM
KMVP-FM (98.7 MHz) is a commercial radio station in Phoenix, Arizona, featuring a sports format branded as "98.7 FM Arizona's Sports Station". Local programming airs on weekdays from 6 a.m. to 8 p.m. and Saturdays from 7 a.m. to 2 p.m., with ESPN Sports Radio heard nights and weekends. Owned by Salt Lake City–based Bonneville International, KMVP-FM's radio studios are on North 16th Street in Phoenix near Piestewa Peak, while the transmitter is in South Mountain Park.

Arizona Sports is the flagship station of the MLB's Arizona Diamondbacks, NBA's Phoenix Suns, the NFL's Arizona Cardinals and the Arizona State University Sun Devils football games. It was also the flagship station of the NHL's Arizona Coyotes until the franchise left the state of Arizona and technically became the Utah Hockey Club (now known as the Utah Mammoth) in 2024.

South Mountain Park
South Mountain Park in Phoenix, Arizona, is the largest municipal park in the United States, and one of the largest urban parks in North America and in the world. It has been designated as a Phoenix Point of Pride.
Wyndham Knatchbull-Wyndham
Sir Wyndham Knatchbull-Wyndham, 6th Baronet (16 February 1737 – 26 September 1763) was a British baronet and Whig politician.

Born in Golden Square in Middlesex, he was the only son of Sir Wyndham Knatchbull-Wyndham, 5th Baronet and his wife Catharine, daughter of James Harris. In 1749, aged only twelve, Knatchbull-Wyndham succeeded his father as baronet. He was educated at Wadham College, Oxford until 1757 and began then his Grand Tour. After his return in 1760, he entered the British House of Commons, sitting as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Kent in the following three years. In Parliament he voted against the Treaty of Paris (1763). Knatchbull-Wyndham died, aged 26, unmarried and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his uncle Edward Knatchbull.

Treaty of Paris (1763)
The Treaty of Paris, also known as the Treaty of 1763, was signed on 10 February 1763 by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement, following Great Britain and Prussia's victory over France and Spain during the Seven Years' War.

The signing of the treaty formally ended the conflict between France and Great Britain over control of North America (the Seven Years' War, known as the French and Indian War in the United States), and marked the beginning of an era of British dominance outside Europe. Great Britain and France each returned much of the territory that they had captured during the war, but Great Britain gained much of France's possessions in North America. Additionally, Great Britain agreed not to seek to eradicate Roman Catholicism in the New World. The treaty did not involve Prussia and Austria, as they signed a separate agreement, the Treaty of Hubertusburg, five days later.
Grzędy, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Grzędy [ˈɡʐɛndɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czarny Bór, within Wałbrzych County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

The nearby Wojaczów Castle was erected at the behest of the Silesian duke Bolko I the Strict in the 13th century. Then meant as a fortress of his Duchy of Jawor near the border with Bohemia, it became less important after the Jawor line of the Silesian Piasts became extinct and their territories were incorporated into the Lands of the Bohemian Crown in 1368.

Bolko I the Strict
Bolko I the Strict (Polish: Bolko I Surowy or Srogi or Jaworski; 1252/56 – 9 November 1301), was Duke of Lwówek 1278–81 (with his brother as co-ruler) and of Jawor after 1278 (with his brother as co-ruler until 1281) as well as the sole Duke of Lwówek after 1286, and Duke of Świdnica-Ziębice from 1291.
CHTO
CHTO (1690 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.  The station airs an ethnic radio format. It is owned by Canadian Hellenic Toronto Radio Inc., which is run by John Maniatakos and son of Peter Maniatakos who owns the Odyssey Television Network. CHTO's programming is predominantly Greek, although it is mandated to air programming in other languages as well. CHTO's radio studios are on Danforth Avenue in the Riverdale neighbourhood.

CHTO transmits 6,000 watts daytime & 1,000 watts nighttime. It uses a non-directional antenna.  The transmitter is on Waterman Avenue at Hollinger Road in the O'Connor-Parkview neighbourhood near the Don River.  It also is heard on a repeater station, CHTO-1 on 1490 kHz in Mississauga.

Danforth Avenue
Danforth Avenue (informally also known as the Danforth) and Danforth Road are two historically-related arterial streets in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Danforth Avenue is an east-west street that begins in Old Toronto at the Prince Edward Viaduct as a physical continuation of Bloor Street and continues for about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) east through old Toronto, about 350 metres (1,150 ft) of old East York, and a further 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) in Scarborough until it intersects with Kingston Road via a ramped interchange. Danforth Road splits off the Avenue west of Warden Avenue and runs diagonally northeast until south of Lawrence Avenue, where it continues as McCowan Road.

Line 2 Bloor–Danforth of the Toronto subway runs just north of Danforth Avenue from the Don River as far as Main Street station, before gradually veering north as it heads east.
Pseudoxenodon karlschmidti
Pseudoxenodon karlschmidti, commonly known as the Chinese bamboo snake and Karl Schmidt's false cobra, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is found in southern China and northern Vietnam. There are three recognized subspecies.

Colubridae
Colubridae (/kəˈluːbrɪdiː/, commonly known as colubrids /ˈkɒljʊbrɪdz/, from Latin: coluber, 'snake') is a family of snakes. With 249 genera, it is the largest snake family. The earliest fossil species of the family date back to the Late Eocene epoch, with earlier origins suspected. Colubrid snakes are found on every continent except Antarctica.
SLU7
Pre-mRNA-splicing factor SLU7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLU7 gene.

Pre-mRNA splicing occurs in two sequential transesterification steps. The protein encoded by this gene is a splicing factor that has been found to be essential during the second catalytic step in the pre-mRNA splicing process. It associates with the spliceosome and contains a zinc knuckle motif that is found in other splicing factors and is involved in protein-nucleic acid and protein-protein interactions.

Spliceosome
A spliceosome is a large ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex found primarily within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. The spliceosome is assembled from small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) and numerous proteins. Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) molecules bind to specific proteins to form a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex (snRNP, pronounced "snurps"), which in turn combines with other snRNPs to form a large ribonucleoprotein complex called a spliceosome. The spliceosome removes introns from a transcribed pre-mRNA, a type of primary transcript.  This process is generally referred to as splicing.  An analogy is a film editor, who selectively cuts out irrelevant or incorrect material (equivalent to the introns) from the initial film and sends the cleaned-up version to the director for the final cut.

However, sometimes the RNA within the intron acts as a ribozyme, splicing itself without the use of a spliceosome or protein enzymes.