hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Earl of Ulster
The title of Earl of Ulster has been created six times in the Peerage of Ireland  and twice in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Since 1928, the title has been held by the Duke of Gloucester and is used as a courtesy title by the Duke's eldest son, currently Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster. The wife of the Earl of Ulster is known as the Countess of Ulster. Ulster, one of the four traditional provinces of Ireland, consists of nine counties: six of these make up Northern Ireland; the remainder are in the Republic of Ireland.

Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March
Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, 7th Earl of Ulster (6 November 1391 – 18 January 1425), was an English nobleman and a potential claimant to the throne of England. A great-great-grandson of King Edward III of England, he was heir presumptive to King Richard II of England (both his paternal first cousin twice removed and maternal half grand-uncle) when the latter was deposed in favour of Henry IV. Edmund Mortimer's claim to the throne was the basis of rebellions and plots against Henry IV and his son Henry V, and was later taken up by the House of York in the Wars of the Roses, though Mortimer himself was an important and loyal vassal of Henry V and Henry VI. Edmund was the last Earl of March of the Mortimer family.
Battle of Frenkyazısı (1387)
The Battle of Frenkyazısı occurred in late 1386 or early 1387, between an Ottoman army under Murad I and a Karamanid force under Alaeddin Ali Bey. The engagement took place outside of Konya and resulted in a decisive Ottoman victory. In the aftermath the Karamanids had to accept Murad I's suzerainty and Ottoman supremacy over the western part of Anatolia was secured for the time being.

Bengi Ali of Karaman
Alaeddin Ali II of Karaman  (1381–1424; also known as Bengi Ali and Alaattin Ali II) was the bey of Karamanids in what is now modern Turkey in the 15th century. He was the second son of Alaattin Ali of Karaman and Nefise Melek Sultan Hatun, Ottoman Sultan Murad I's daughter.
Alpine skiing at the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics – Girls' combined
The girls' combined competition of the alpine skiing events at the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics was held at the Hafjell Olympic Slope near Lillehammer, Norway, on 14 February. 41 athletes from 33 countries took part.

2016 Winter Youth Olympics
The 2016 Winter Youth Olympics (Norwegian: Olympiske vinterleker for ungdom 2016; Nynorsk: Olympiske vinterleikane for ungdom 2016), officially known as the II Winter Youth Olympic Games, took place in and around Lillehammer, Norway, from 12 to 21 February 2016. They were the fourth Youth Olympic Games and the second winter edition. Lillehammer was awarded the games on 7 December 2011 as the only candidate. The games reused venues from the 1994 Winter Olympics; this made Lillehammer the first city to host both regular and Youth Olympics. In addition to Lillehammer Municipality, Olympic events were staged at venues in Hamar Municipality, Gjøvik Municipality and Øyer Municipality.
Daniel Louw
Daniel Louw is a paralympic athlete from South Africa competing mainly in category T46 sprint events.

Louw competed in the 1996 Summer Paralympics in Atlanta.  He competed in all three sprints winning a bronze medal in the 200m and finishing fifth in both the 100m and 400m.

T46 (classification)
T46 and F46 are disability sport classification for disability athletics. People in this class have a single below or above the elbow amputation.  The amputee sports equivalent class is ISOD the A6 and A8 classes. People in this class can have injuries as a result of over use of their remaining upper limb. The classification process to be included in this class has four parts: a medical exam, observation during training, observation during competition and then being classified into this class.
1978 Vuelta a España, Prologue to Stage 10
The 1978 Vuelta a España was the 33rd edition of the Vuelta a España, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Vuelta began in Gijón, with a prologue individual time trial on 25 April, and Stage 10 occurred on 5 May with a stage to Calafell. The race finished in San Sebastián on 14 May.

Cangas de Onís
Cangas de Onís (Asturian: Cangues d'Onís "valleys of Onís") is a municipality in the eastern part of the province and autonomous community of Asturias in the northwest of Spain. The capital of the municipality is also Cangas de Onís.

More than seventy square kilometres of the conceyu form part of the Parque nacional de los Picos de Europa.
New Mexico State Road 531
State Road 531 (NM 531) is a 3.300-mile (5.311 km) state highway in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, United States, that connects New Mexico State Road 572 (NM 572) and County Road 340 (CR 340) in La Puente with New Mexico State Road 162 (NM 162) in Tierra Amarilla.

Tierra Amarilla, New Mexico
Tierra Amarilla is a census-designated place in and the county seat of Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, United States.

Tierra Amarilla is Spanish for "Yellow Earth". The name refers to clay deposits found in the Chama River Valley and used by Native American peoples.: 352–353  Tewa and Navajo toponyms for the area also refer to the yellow clay.: 352–353
Marta Jaskulska
Marta Jaskulska (born 25 March 2000) is a Polish professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Ceratizit Pro Cycling. In August 2020, Jaskulska won the under-23 title at the Polish National Time Trial Championships, and the elite title in 2024.

Ceratizit Pro Cycling
Ceratizit Pro Cycling (UCI code: CTC) was a professional women's cycling team, based in Kempten, Germany, which competed in elite road bicycle racing events such as the UCI Women's World Tour. The team ceased racing in September 2025 after the Ceratizit Group concluded its sponsorship.
Stephanie Subercaseaux
Stephanie Subercaseaux Vergara (23 March 1984 – 21 January 2023) was a Chilean racing cyclist, who rode for UCI Women's Team Team Illuminate. She rode in the women's road race event at the 2018 UCI Road

UCI Women's Team
A UCI Women's Team is a women's road bicycle team sanctioned by the International Cycling Union (UCI). These teams compete in the major women's bicycle races, including the UCI Women's World Tour. The country designation of each team is determined by the country of registration of most of its riders and is not necessarily the country where the team is registered or based.
Jay Cimino
Gerald Dominic "Jay" Cimino (April 20, 1936 – February 24, 2024) was an American businessman from Trinidad, Colorado. He was best known locally for being the CEO of the Phil Long Automotive Group and for founding Mount Carmel Health, Wellness and Community Center. The former is the largest independently owned car dealership in Colorado. The latter is a 501c(3) nonprofit organization and his passion project. Cimino died on February 24, 2024, at the age of 87.

501(c) organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions.

For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to children or animals.
Arjen Teeuwissen
Arjen Gerald Teeuwissen (29 March 1971 – 29 May 2024) was a Dutch equestrian, who won the silver medal in the Team Dressage event at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. He did so alongside Anky van Grunsven, Ellen Bontje, and Coby van Baalen.

Teeuwissen was one of eight LGBT Olympians, who were also equestrians at the 2000 Olympic Games. At the medal ceremony of the team dressage, the three men of the twelve who were awarded medals were all gay men, Robert Dover and Guenter Seidel (both USA, bronze) and Teeuwissen. He died in Zoersel, Belgium on 29 May 2024, aged 53.

Zoersel
Zoersel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈzuːrsəl]) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. The municipality comprises the towns of Halle, St. Antonius, and Zoersel proper. In 2021, Zoersel had a total population of 22,142. The total area is 38.65 km2.
Alfred Thomas (bowls)
Alfred Thomas also known as Fred Thomas (21 September 1899 - date of death unknown), was a Welsh international lawn bowler who competed at the British Empire and Commonwealth Games (now Commonwealth Games).

Lawn bowls at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Lawn bowls at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games was the fifth appearance of the Lawn bowls at the Commonwealth Games.

Competition at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games took place in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada from 30 July until 7 August 1954.

The host clubs were the West Point Grey Lawn Bowling Club of Vancouver and the New Westminster Bowling Club of New Westminster.

The lawn bowlers from the British nations were the first athletes to be named for the Games because they were selected as part of a touring party of Canada.

South Africa, Southern Rhodesia and Northern Ireland won one gold medal each.
State Line, Franklin County, Pennsylvania
State Line is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Antrim Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is next to the Maryland state line along Interstate 81 and U.S. Route 11 between Hagerstown, Maryland, and Greencastle.  As of the 2020 census the population was 2,804.

State Line was originally called Middleburg, and under the latter name laid out in 1812, and named for its location between Greencastle and Hagerstown, Maryland. The present name comes from the fact that the community is located on the Maryland-Pennsylvania state line. A post office called State Line was established in 1830.

U.S. Route 11 in Pennsylvania
U.S. Route 11 (US 11) roughly parallels Interstate 81 (I-81) in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The route runs from the Maryland state line in Antrim Township, Franklin County, northeast to the New York state line in Great Bend Township, Susquehanna County. US 11 serves Harrisburg, Wilkes-Barre, and Scranton. Between Harrisburg and Scranton, US 11 follows the Susquehanna River, while I-81 follows a shorter route over the mountains further to the east.
James B. Hunt Jr. Library
The James B. Hunt Jr. Library is the second main library of North Carolina State University (NCSU) and is located on the university's Centennial Campus. The $115 million facility opened in January 2013 and is best known for its architecture and technological integration, including a large robotic book storage and retrieval system which houses most of the university's engineering, textiles, and hard sciences collections. The library is named after James Baxter "Jim" Hunt Jr., the four-term 69th and 71st governor of North Carolina. NCSU Libraries is part of the Triangle Research Libraries Network (TRLN), which shares books between North Carolina State University, Duke University, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina Central University.

Hackerspace
A hackerspace (also referred to as a hacklab, hackspace, or makerspace) is a community-operated, often "not for profit" (501(c)(3) in the United States), workspace where people with common interests, such as computers, machining, technology, science, digital art, or electronic art, can meet, socialize, and collaborate. Hackerspaces are comparable to other community-operated spaces with similar aims and mechanisms such as Fab Lab, men's sheds, and commercial "for-profit" companies.
SM U-117
SM U-117 was a Type UE II long-range minelayer submarine of the Imperial German Navy. She was laid down in 1917, at Hamburg, Germany, by Aktiengesellschaft Vulcan and launched on 10 December 1917. She was commissioned in the Imperial German Navy on 28 March 1918, with Kapitänleutnant Otto Dröscher in command. After shakedown, U-117 was posted to the U-Kreuzer Verband (submarine cruiser unit) on 1 June 1918. Over the next five weeks, she completed fitting out at Kiel. In her short career, she became the most successful submarine of her class, sinking 20 vessels.

Cruiser submarine
A cruiser submarine was a very large submarine designed to remain at sea for extended periods in areas distant from base facilities. Their role was analogous to surface cruisers; 'cruising' distant waters, commerce raiding, and otherwise operating independently. When operating in a fleet, cruisers and cruiser submarines were expected to scout for and screen the battle fleet. Cruiser submarines were successful for a brief period of World War I, but were less successful than smaller submarines during World War II. Large submarines remained vulnerable to damage from defensively equipped merchant ships (DEMS), were slow to dive if found by aircraft, offered a large sonar echo surface, and were less able to defensively maneuver during depth charge attacks.
Shaun Bridgmohan
Shaun Xavier Bridgmohan (born June 24, 1979, in Spanish Town, Jamaica) is a Jamaican-American jockey who competes in Thoroughbred horse racing.

At age thirteen, Bridgmohan's family emigrated to the United States, settling in South Florida where he developed an interest in horse racing. Before becoming a jockey, and while still in school, he worked at a Florida racetrack as a hot walker, groom, and as an exercise rider.  After graduating from high school he pursued a riding career and in August 1997 earned his first win at Calder Race Course. Six months later on February 15, 1998, he won six races on a single card at Aqueduct Racetrack in Queens, New York, finishing 1998, which was his breakout year, as the winner of the Eclipse Award for Outstanding Apprentice Jockey. On December 22, 2007, he again won six races on a single card, this time at Fair Grounds Race Course in New Orleans, Louisiana.
On April 1, 2017, he recorded his 3,000th win.

Eclipse Award for Outstanding Apprentice Jockey
The Eclipse Award for Outstanding Apprentice Jockey is an American thoroughbred horse racing honor. Created in 1971, it is part of the Eclipse Awards program honoring Champions in numerous horse racing categories. This article lists the annual winners of the Eclipse Award for a jockey undergoing their apprenticeship.

The 1977 winner, Steve Cauthen, also won the overall Eclipse Award for Outstanding Jockey that same year. Three women have won this Eclipse Award: Rosemary Homeister in 1992, Emma-Jayne Wilson in 2005, and Jessica Pyfer for 2021.

Past winners:
Stojaković
Stojaković (Serbian Cyrillic: Стојаковић) is a Serbian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Đorđe Stojaković (1810–1863), Serbian political activist, lawyer and revolutionary

Igor Stojaković (born 1980), Serbian football player

Jadranka Stojaković (1950–2016), Serbian singer-songwriter

Nenad Stojaković (born 1980), Serbian football midfielder

Peja Stojaković (born 1977), Serbian basketball player

Jadranka Stojaković
Jadranka Stojaković (Serbian Cyrillic: Јадранка Стојаковић, 24 July 1950 – 3 May 2016) was a Bosnian singer-songwriter popular in the former Yugoslavia, known for her unique voice. Her best known hits are "Sve smo mogli mi", "Što te nema", and "Bistre vode Bosnom teku".
Top Gear series 32
Series 32 of Top Gear, a British motoring magazine and factual television programme, was broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC One and BBC One HD during summer 2022. It was the sixth series to feature the presenting line-up of Paddy McGuinness, Freddie Flintoff and Chris Harris and the fourth to be broadcast on BBC One, and the final series to be produced before production moved to Bristol for the thirty-third and final series.

The series' highlights included a full-length adventure trying local motorsport across Florida, the presenters creating their own TV cop cars, and two-part cheap car challenge where the presenters chose two cars each.

Paddy McGuinness
Patrick Joseph McGuinness (born 14 August 1973) is an English comedian, actor, writer, and television presenter. He rose to fame with the help of fellow comedian Peter Kay, who invited him to appear on the television comedy series That Peter Kay Thing (2000), and the sitcoms Phoenix Nights (2000–2001) and Max and Paddy's Road to Nowhere (2004). McGuinness went on to present various television shows, including Take Me Out (2010–2019), 71 Degrees North (2011), Paddy's TV Guide (2013), Top Gear (2019–2022), I Can See Your Voice (2021–2022), Question of Sport (2021–2023) and Tempting Fortune (2023–present).

McGuinness has written and performed four stand-up comedy tours: The Dark Side Tour (2006), Plus You! Tour (2008), The Saturday Night Live Tour (2011), and Daddy McGuinness (2015–2016).
Sodium-glucose transport proteins
Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters (or sodium-glucose linked transporter, SGLT) are a family of glucose transporter found in the intestinal mucosa (enterocytes) of the small intestine (SGLT1) and the proximal tubule of the nephron (SGLT2 in PCT and SGLT1 in PST). They contribute to renal glucose reabsorption. In the kidneys, 100% of the filtered glucose in the glomerulus has to be reabsorbed along the nephron (98% in PCT, via SGLT2). If the plasma glucose concentration is too high (hyperglycemia), glucose passes into the urine (glucosuria) because SGLT are saturated with the filtered glucose.

Mucous membrane
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs. It consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells overlying a layer of loose connective tissue known as the lamina propria. It is mostly of endodermal origin and is continuous with the skin at body openings such as the eyes, eyelids, ears, inside the nose, inside the mouth, lips, the genital areas, the urethral opening and the anus. Some mucous membranes secrete mucus, a thick protective fluid. The function of the membrane is to stop pathogens and dirt from entering the body and to prevent bodily tissues from becoming dehydrated.

Amphibians, fish, snails, slugs, and some other invertebrates also produce external mucus from their epidermis as protection against pathogens, to help in movement, and to line fish gills. Plants produce a similar substance called mucilage that is also produced by some microorganisms.
Vrh, Velike Lašče
Vrh (pronounced [ˈʋəɾx]) is a small remote settlement on the Rute Plateau (Slovene: Rutarska planota) in the hills south of Rob in central Slovenia. The entire Municipality of Velike Lašče is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Velike Lašče
The Municipality of Velike Lašče (pronounced [ˈʋeːlikɛ ˈlaːʃtʃɛ]; Slovene: Občina Velike Lašče) is a municipality in Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Velike Lašče. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

The area is the birthplace of a number of notable Slovene writers: Primož Trubar, Josip Stritar, Fran Levstik, and Jože Javoršek.
Camacae
Camacae or Kamakai (Ancient Greek: Καμακαί), also known as Cemacae or Kemakai (Κεμακαί), was a town of Bottiaea, Chalcidice, in ancient Macedonia. It belonged to the Delian League since it appears in the tribute registers of Athens, although only once in the year 421/20 BCE, where it paid a phoros of 600 drachmas. It is also cited in a treaty of alliance between the Athenians and Bottiaeans of the year 422 BCE from which it is deduced that it belonged to the territory of Bottiaea and that was a neighbor of Calindoia, but its exact location is unknown. In the year 323 BCE, it was one of the cities delivered by Alexander the Great to Macedonians.

Its site is unlocated.

Ancient drachma
In ancient Greece, the drachma (Greek: δραχμή, romanized: drachmḗ, [drakʰmέː]; pl. drachmae or drachmas) was an ancient currency unit issued by many city-states during a period of ten centuries, from the Archaic period throughout the Classical period, the Hellenistic period up to the Roman period. The ancient drachma originated in Greece around the 6th century BC. The coin, usually made of silver or sometimes gold had its origins in a bartering system that referred to a drachma as a handful of wooden spits or arrows.  The drachma was unique to each city state that minted them, and were sometimes circulated all over the Mediterranean. The coinage of Athens was considered to be the strongest and became the most popular.
Four Rooms
Four Rooms is a 1995 American anthology
farce black comedy film co-written and co-directed by Allison Anders, Alexandre Rockwell, Robert Rodriguez, and Quentin Tarantino. The story is set in the fictional Hotel Mon Signor in Los Angeles on New Year's Eve. Tim Roth plays Ted, the bellhop and main character in the frame story, whose first night on the job consists of four very different encounters with various hotel guests.

Four Rooms was released in the United States on December 25, 1995, by Miramax Films. The film received generally negative reviews from critics, who praised the segments directed by Rodriguez and Tarantino, but heavily criticized the segments by Anders and Rockwell. For her role, Madonna won for Worst Supporting Actress at the 16th Golden Raspberry Awards.

16th Golden Raspberry Awards
The 16th Golden Raspberry Awards were held on March 24, 1996, at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel to recognize the worst the movie industry had to offer in 1995. For the first time in Razzie history, an actual "winner" showed up to the ceremony and accepted his award: Showgirls director Paul Verhoeven.
Ngara Airport
Ngara Airport (ICAO: HTNR) is an airport in northwestern Tanzania serving the town of Ngara.

The runway is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southeast of the town. Including overruns, the runway has 1,645 metres (5,397 ft) available for takeoff.

The Rusumo non-directional beacon (Ident: CR) is located 16.4 nautical miles (30.4 km) north of the airport.

Non-directional beacon
A non-directional beacon (NDB) or non-directional radio beacon is a radio beacon which does not include inherent directional information. Radio beacons are radio transmitters at a known location, used as an aviation or marine navigational aid. NDB are in contrast to directional radio beacons and other navigational aids, such as low-frequency radio range, VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) and tactical air navigation system (TACAN).

NDB signals follow the curvature of the Earth, so they can be received at much greater distances at lower altitudes, a major advantage over VOR. However, NDB signals are also affected more by atmospheric conditions, mountainous terrain, coastal refraction and electrical storms, particularly at long range. The system, developed by United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) Captain Albert Francis Hegenberger, was used to fly the world's first instrument approach on May 9, 1932.
Dan Frawley (ice hockey)
William Daniel Frawley (born June 2, 1962) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. During his junior hockey years, Frawley played for the Sudbury Wolves of the OHA and the Cornwall Royals of the QMJHL, before being drafted by the Chicago Black Hawks, 204th overall in the 1980 NHL Entry Draft. Frawley spent most of the next two years playing in the AHL. While playing with the Cornwall Royals, the team won the 1981 Memorial Cup against the Kitchener Rangers.

1981 Memorial Cup
The 1981 Memorial Cup occurred May 3–15 at the Windsor Arena in Windsor, Ontario.  It was the 63rd annual Memorial Cup competition and determined the major junior ice hockey champion of the Canadian Hockey League (CHL).  Participating teams were the winners of the Ontario Hockey League, Quebec Major Junior Hockey League and Western Hockey League which were the Kitchener Rangers, Cornwall Royals and Victoria Cougars.  Cornwall won their second Memorial Cup in a row and third overall, defeating Kitchener in the final game.