hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Five Men of the Pear Chamber
The Five Men of the Pear Chamber (梨壺の五人, Nashitsubo no gonin) are a group of Heian period (794–1185) Japanese poets and scholars who cooperated in the compilation of the Gosen Wakashū. They also compiled kundoku (訓読) readings for texts from the Man'yōshū. The group was composed of the following men:

Ōnakatomi no Yoshinobu (大中臣能宣, (921-991)

Minamoto no Shitagō (源順, 911-983)

Kiyohara no Motosuke (清原元輔, 908-990)

Sakanoue no Mochiki (坂上望城, dates unknown)

Ki no Tokibumi (紀時文, 922-996)

Kanbun
Kanbun (漢文 'Han writing') is a system for writing Literary Chinese used in Japan from the Nara period until the 20th century. Much of Japanese literature was written in this style and it was the general writing style for official and intellectual works throughout the period. As a result, Sino-Japanese vocabulary makes up a large portion of the Japanese lexicon and much classical Chinese literature is accessible to Japanese readers in some resemblance of the original.
Kulmoris Joiner
Kulmoris Demetris Joiner (born March 26, 1980) is the former director of athletics for operations at Alcorn State University. Previously, he was the director of football operations for the Grambling State Tigers located in Grambling, Louisiana and he held that position for three seasons, from 2005 until 2007. Joiner was selected on February 19, 2011, to the post of director of athletic operations of Alcorn State University.

Grambling, Louisiana
Grambling is a city in Lincoln Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 5,239 in 2020. The city is home to Grambling State University and is part of the Ruston micropolitan statistical area.

Grambling was designated a "city" in the early 1990s (either in 1992 or 1993), but was erroneously considered a "town" during the 2000 census.

The city is named after P. G. Grambling.
Izu Ōshima
Izu Ōshima (伊豆大島, Izu-ōshima) is an inhabited volcanic island in the Izu archipelago and borders Sagami Bay and the Pacific Ocean, off the coast of Honshu, Japan, 22 km (14 mi) east of the Izu Peninsula and 36 km (22 mi) southwest of Bōsō Peninsula.  As with the other islands in the Izu Island group, Izu Ōshima forms part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park.  Izu Ōshima, at 91.06 km2 (35.16 sq mi) is the largest and closest of Tokyo's outlying islands, which also include the Ogasawara Islands.

Volcanic island
Geologically, a volcanic island is an island of volcanic origin. The term high island can be used to distinguish such islands from low islands, which are formed from sedimentation or the uplifting of coral reefs (which have often formed on sunken volcanoes).
Paul S. Aspinwall
Paul Stephen Aspinwall (born 26 January 1964 in England) is a British theoretical physicist and mathematician, who works on string theory (including dualities, mirror symmetry, D-branes, and Calabi–Yau manifolds) and also algebraic geometry.

Aspinwall received his early education at Bydales School, Marske-by-the-Sea and Prior Pursglove College, Guisborough. He then studied at the University of Oxford with a focus on theoretical elementary particle physics. He received his bachelor's degree in 1985 and his Ph.D. in 1988. He is now a professor of mathematics and physics at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina.

In 1998 he was an Invited Speaker with talk (String theory and duality) at the ICM in Berlin. In 1999 he was a Sloan Fellow.

Sloan Fellows
The Sloan Fellows program is a middle and senior-career master's degree program in general management and leadership offered at MIT, Stanford University, and London Business School (LBS).

Initially supported by a grant from Alfred P. Sloan, formerly CEO of General Motors, the program was established in 1930 at the now MIT Sloan School of Management. It was expanded to the Stanford Graduate School of Business (GSB) in 1957, and London Business School in 1968.

Considered to be one of the most prestigious management training programs in the world, it targets experienced and established leaders. Notable alumni include Kofi Annan, former United Nations Secretary-General and Nobel Peace Prize Laureate; John Browne, Baron Browne of Madingley, former chairman and CEO of BP and member of the British House of Lords; and Carly Fiorina, former CEO of Hewlett-Packard.
1907 East Wicklow by-election
The 1907 East Wicklow by-election was held on 29 July 1907.  The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Irish Parliamentary MP, Denis Joseph Cogan.  It was won by the Irish Parliamentary candidate the previous MP for North Donegal, John Muldoon, who was unopposed.

East Wicklow
East Wicklow, a division of County Wicklow, was a parliamentary constituency  in Ireland, represented in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. From 1885 to 1922 it returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

Until the 1885 general election the area was part of the Wicklow constituency. From 1922 it was not represented in the UK Parliament, as it was no longer in the UK.
Hælos
Hælos (frequently stylized as HÆLOS, and sometimes as Haelos or HAELOS) are a British trip hop band from London.

Hælos's first single, "Dust", was released in 2014, and the group followed in 2015 with the singles "Pray" and "Earth Not Above". After signing to Matador Records in 2015, they released the Earth Not Above EP, which was followed in early 2016 with a full-length entitled Full Circle. Full Circle reached number 5 on the US Billboard electronic charts and number 20 on the Heatseekers chart. Their music has been described as "dark euphoria".

In January 2019, alongside the release of "Kyoto", the band announced their second album, titled Any Random Kindness, would be released on 10 May that year.

Trip hop
Trip hop is a music genre defined as a psychedelic fusion of hip-hop and electronica with slow tempos and an atmospheric sound. The style emerged as a more experimental variant of breakbeat from the Bristol sound scene of the late 1980s and early 1990s, incorporating influences from jazz, soul, funk, dub, rap, as well as sampling from movie soundtracks and other eclectic sources.

Pioneering trip hop acts include Massive Attack, UNKLE, Tricky, and Portishead. The term was first coined in a 1994 Mixmag piece about American producer DJ Shadow. Trip hop achieved commercial success in the 1990s, and has been described as "Europe's alternative choice in the second half of the '90s".
San Thomas Becket, Fidenza
San Thomas Becket is a small Roman Catholic church in the frazione of Capriolo of Fidenza, province of Parma, region of Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy.

The church is most notable for still preserving a Romanesque apse, although the simple brick church has undergone much restoration. Dedicatede to St Thomas Becket, who putatively traveled through here. The church was originally built by the Knights Templar in the 12th or 13th century. The nave and facade date to the 15th century. In the early 14th century the buildings at the site were nearly demolished with the suppression of the Templars. It was restored under the gerosolimitani. The bell tower base dates to the 15th century, but only raised by 1928.

Province of Parma
The province of Parma (Italian: provincia di Parma) is a province in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. Its largest town and capital is the city of Parma.

It is made up of 47 comuni (sg.: comune). It has an area of 3,449 square kilometres (1,332 sq mi) and a total population of around 450,000.

The province is bordered by the province of Reggio Emilia to the east, the Piacenza to the west, Lombardy's provinces of Cremona and Mantua to the north and by Liguria's provinces of La Spezia and Genoa and Tuscany's Province of Massa-Carrara to the south.
Disques Hushush
Disques Hushush Inc. (also known as Disques Hushush or more simply as Hushush) is an independent record label created by Dimitri della Faille (aka recording artist Szkieve) in Montreal (Quebec), Canada in 1998. Hushush mainly releases experimental, improvisation, electroacoustic, dark ambient and electronic music.

Dark ambient
Dark ambient (originally known as ambient industrial) is a subgenre of post-industrial music, that originally emerged in the mid-1980s. It draws primary influence from ambient music and is characterized by ominous, dark drones, discordant overtones and a gloomy, monumental or catacomb-inspired atmosphere. Although mostly an electronic genre, artists frequently sample traditional instruments and make use of semi-acoustic recording procedures.
Fudge (TV series)
Fudge is a 1995 American children's television series based on a series of Judy Blume novels about a young boy nicknamed Fudge. The series ran for two seasons, with 24 episodes following a telefilm adaptation of Blume's novel Fudge-a-Mania, which aired on January 7, 1995, in primetime, as part of the ABC Family Movies.

The show was canceled after the second season as part of ABC's restructuring of its Saturday morning lineup due to the network's 1996 acquisition by The Walt Disney Company.

Prime time
Prime time (sometimes spelled primetime), or peak time, is the block of broadcast programming taking place during the middle of the evening for television shows. It is mostly targeted towards adults (and sometimes families). It is used by the major television networks to broadcast their season's nightly programming. The term prime-time is often defined in terms of a fixed time period—for example, (in the United States), from 8:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. (Eastern and Pacific Time) or 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. (Central and Mountain Time). In India and some Middle Eastern countries, prime time consists of programmes that are aired on television between 8:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m. local time.
D.R. Bendre Cricket Stadium
D. R. Bendre Cricket Stadium, also known as Rajnagar Cricket Stadium and KSCA Stadium, is a cricket stadium in Rajnagar in the city of Hubli, in Karnataka, India. The stadium was completed in 2012 and serves as the second home ground for the Karnataka cricket team. It was inaugurated by the former Chief Minister of Karnataka Jagadish Shettar in November 2012. The ground is named after the Kannada poet and Jnanpith Award winner D. R. Bendre.

In October 2013, the stadium hosted the third unofficial test match between India A and West Indies A, which Cheteshwar Pujara scored a triple-century and India A won by an innings and 51 runs. In February 2026 the ground hosted the 2025–26 Ranji Trophy final between Karnataka and Jammu & Kashmir.

The stadium is the home ground for Karnataka Premier League team Hubli Tigers.

India A cricket team
The India A cricket team is a national cricket team representing second-tier cricket of India national cricket team. The matches played by India A receive first-class and List A classification. It is a developmental team, domestic players who are about to get picked and are in contention for national team get selected in this team or some international players who are not in national team contention also sometimes play.

The team had played in NKP Salve Challenger Trophy as India Red, Its names were changed for the 2006 version of this tournament. India A became India Red. The team has won the NKP Salve Challenger Trophy four times (2001/02, 2003/04, 2004,05, 2009/10) and shared the trophy thrice (1998/99, 2006/07, 2011/12). They won the Duleep Trophy in 2024.
Irvine railway station
Irvine railway station is a railway station serving the town of Irvine, North Ayrshire, Scotland. The station is managed by ScotRail and is on the Ayrshire Coast Line, 30 miles (48 km) south west of Glasgow Central.

North Ayrshire
North Ayrshire (Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Àir a Tuath, pronounced [ˈʃirˠəxk aːɾʲ ə ˈt̪ʰuə]) is one of 32 council areas in Scotland. The council area borders Inverclyde to the north, Renfrewshire and East Renfrewshire to the northeast, and East Ayrshire and South Ayrshire to the east and south respectively. The local authority is North Ayrshire Council, formed in 1996 with the same boundaries as the district of Cunninghame, which existed from 1975 to 1996.

Located in the west central Lowlands with the Firth of Clyde to its west, the council area covers the northern portion of the historic county of Ayrshire, in addition to the islands of Arran and The Cumbraes from the historic county of Buteshire. North Ayrshire had an estimated population of 134,010 in 2024. Its largest towns are Irvine and Kilwinning. From 1975 to 1996 under the name Cunninghame it was one of nineteen local government districts in the Strathclyde region.
2009 Slovak regional elections
Elections were held in Slovakia's eight self-governing regions on 14 November 2009.

Six of the regional presidencies were won by centre-left Direction – Social Democracy (Smer), with one being won by Smer's national conservative allies, the People's Party – Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (ĽS-HZDS).  Bratislava was won by the centre-right Slovak Democratic and Christian Union – Democratic Party, having previously been held by ĽS-HZDS-backed Vladimír Bajan

Bratislava Region
The Bratislava Region is one of the administrative regions of Slovakia. Its capital is Bratislava. The region was first established in 1923 and its present borders exist from 1996. It is the smallest of the eight regions of Slovakia as well as the most urbanized, most developed and most productive by GDP per capita.
Criminal Minds season 2
The second season of Criminal Minds premiered on CBS on September 20, 2006, and ended on May 16, 2007. Lola Glaudini left the show after six episodes and was replaced by Paget Brewster three episodes later while Kirsten Vangsness was promoted to the official main cast after previously being listed as also starring in season 1.

Keith Carradine
Keith Ian Carradine (/ˈkærədiːn/ KARR-ə-deen; born August 8, 1949) is an American actor. In film, he is known for his roles as Tom Frank in Robert Altman's Nashville, E. J. Bellocq in Louis Malle's Pretty Baby, and Mickey in Alan Rudolph's Choose Me. On television, he is known for his roles as Wild Bill Hickok on the HBO series Deadwood, FBI agent Frank Lundy on the Showtime series Dexter, Lou Solverson in the first season of FX's Fargo, Penny's father Wyatt on the CBS sitcom The Big Bang Theory, and U.S. President Conrad Dalton on the CBS political drama Madam Secretary.

He is a member of the Carradine family of actors which began with his father, John Carradine.
1938–39 Gauliga Ostmark
The 1938–39 Gauliga Ostmark was the inaugural season of the Gauliga Ostmark and organized by the National Socialist League of the Reich for Physical Exercise (German: Nationalsozialistischer Reichsbund für Leibesübungen), the organizing body for sports in Nazi Germany. In March 1938, Nazi Germany annexed Austria in what is commonly referred to as the Anschluss, with the Gauliga Ostmark formed as a consequence. Austria and the Austrian football championship thereby ceased to exist until the end of the Second World War.

SK Admira Wien won the championship and qualified for the 1939 German football championship where it lost 9–0 in the final to FC Schalke 04.

The Gauliga Ostmark and Gauliga Donau-Alpenland titles from 1938 to 1944, excluding the 1944–45 season which was not completed, are recognised as official Austrian football championships by the Austrian Bundesliga.

Austrian Football Bundesliga
The Bundesliga (German: Bundesliga [ˈbʊndəsˌliːɡa], "Federal League"), also known as Admiral Bundesliga for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Austria and the highest level of the Austrian football league system. The competition decides the Austrian national football champions, as well the country's entrants for the various European cups run by UEFA.

The Austrian Bundesliga, which began in the 1974–75 season, has been a separate registered association since 1 December 1991. It has been won the most by the two Viennese giants Austria Wien, who were national champions 24 times, and Rapid Wien, who won the national title 32 times. The current champions are SK Sturm Graz. Phillip Thonhauser is president of the Austrian Bundesliga. The Austrian Football Bundesliga is currently known as Admiral Bundesliga for sponsorship reasons.
Merwin & Hulbert
Merwin, Hulbert, and Co. or Merwin Hulbert was an American firearms designer and marketer based in New York City which produced revolvers and rifles from 1874 to 1896. The firearms were manufactured by a subsidiary company, Hopkins & Allen of Norwich, Connecticut. Merwin Hulbert's designs had influenced other gunmakers of the time, such as Meriden Firearms Co., Harrington & Richardson, Forehand & Wadsworth, and Iver Johnson.

During the late 19th century, Merwin Hulbert revolvers were used by police departments of many cities in the eastern United States.

Forehand & Wadsworth
Forehand & Wadsworth (later known as Forehand Arms) was an American firearms manufacturing company based in Worcester, Massachusetts. It was formed in 1871 by Sullivan Forehand and Henry C. Wadsworth after the death of their father-in-law, Ethan Allen of Ethan Allen & Company, and was acquired in 1902 by Hopkins & Allen, a firearms company based in Connecticut.
Elassodiscus tremebundus
Elassodiscus tremebundus, the dimdisc snailfish, is a species of snailfish which is found in the Pacific Ocean, specifically in the Bering Sea, Sea of Okhotsk, Aleutian Islands, eastern coast of Kamchatka, Kuril Islands, and Hokkaido, Japan.

Sea of Okhotsk
The Sea of Okhotsk is a marginal sea of the northwestern Pacific Ocean. It is located between Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, Japan's island of Hokkaido on the south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a stretch of eastern Siberian coast along the west and north. Its northeast corner is the Shelikhov Gulf. The sea is named for the port of Okhotsk, itself named for the Okhota River.
G. Heileman Brewing Company
The G. Heileman Brewing Company of La Crosse, Wisconsin, United States, was a brewer that operated from 1858 to 1996.  It was ultimately acquired by Stroh's.  From 1872 until its acquisition, the brewery bore the family name of its co-founder and brewer Gottlieb Heileman.

Malt liquor
In the United States of America and Canada, malt liquor is a type of mass market beer with high alcohol content (typically above 5%), made with malted barley and resembling those for American-style lagers.
Broken Branches
Broken Branches is a 2014 short Israeli documentary film by Ayala Sharot. Through her granddaughter's eyes, the film tells the story of Michal Rechter, who left her family in Poland at age 14 and traveled to Mandatory Palestine, on the eve of the Second World War. Broken Branches intersperses interviews with animation. The film won various international awards, including the UNICEF Pulcinella Award for Best Educational and Social Film and the Robinson International Short Film Competition Gold.

2014 in film
The following is an overview of the events of 2014 in film, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies, festivals, and a list of films released and notable deaths. DreamWorks Pictures and DreamWorks Animation celebrate their 20th anniversary in 2014.
Coal Creek Bridge (Carlisle, Iowa)
The Coal Creek Bridge was located southeast of Carlisle, Iowa, United States. The 88-foot (27 m) span carried traffic on Fillmore Street over Coal Creek. The Warren County Board of Supervisors contracted with the Seevers Manufacturing Company of Oskaloosa, Iowa to build this bridge. The Pratt pony truss was completed in 1889. It was the only example of this type of bridge built by the company left in Iowa. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998, The bridge was taken down in 2008.

Oskaloosa, Iowa
Oskaloosa is a city in, and the county seat of, Mahaska County, Iowa. The population was 11,558 in the 2020 U.S. census. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, Oskaloosa was a national center of bituminous coal mining. Today, Oskaloosa is home to William Penn University, a private university, and Lake Keomah State Park which is located four miles east of the city.
Ukrainian cooperative movement
The Ukrainian cooperative movement addressed the economic plight of the Ukrainian people through the creation of financial, agricultural and trade cooperatives that enabled Ukrainians to pool their resources, obtain less expensive loans and insurance, and to pay less for products such as farm equipment. The cooperatives played a major role in the social and economic mobilization of the Ukrainian people, most of whom were peasants.  First begun in the 1860s, after 1917 the development of cooperatives was stunted by Soviet policies, but continued in Polish-ruled Western Ukraine, where by 1939 cooperatives had 700,000 members, employing 15,000 Ukrainians. The cooperatives were shut down by the Soviet authorities when western Ukraine was annexed by the Soviet Union in 1939.  However, they continued to exist and flourish among Ukrainian emigrants and their descendants in the Ukrainian diaspora in North and South America, Europe and Australia.

Ukrainian diaspora
The Ukrainian diaspora comprises Ukrainians and their descendants who live outside Ukraine around the world, especially those who maintain some kind of connection  to the land of their ancestors and maintain their feeling of Ukrainian national identity within their own local community. The Ukrainian diaspora is found throughout numerous regions worldwide including other post-Soviet states as well as in Canada and other countries such as Poland, the United States, the UK and Brazil.
Upper mantle
The upper mantle of Earth is a very thick layer of rock inside the planet, which begins just beneath the crust (at about 10 km (6.2 mi) under the oceans, and about 35 km (22 mi) under the continents) and ends at the top of the lower mantle, at about 670 km (420 mi). Temperatures range from around 900 K (627 °C; 1,160 °F) at the upper boundary with the crust to around 1,200 K (930 °C; 1,700 °F) at the boundary with the lower mantle. Upper mantle material that has come up onto the surface comprises about 55% olivine, 35% pyroxene, and 5–10% of calcium oxide and aluminum oxide minerals such as plagioclase, spinel, or garnet, depending on depth.

Earth's crust
Earth's crust is its thick outer shell of rock, comprising less than one percent of the planet's radius and volume. It is the top component of the lithosphere, a solidified division of Earth's layers that includes the crust and the upper part of the mantle. The lithosphere is broken into tectonic plates whose motion allows heat to escape the interior of Earth into space.

The crust lies on top of the mantle, a configuration that is stable because the upper mantle is made of peridotite and is therefore significantly denser than the crust. The boundary between the crust and mantle is conventionally placed at the Mohorovičić discontinuity, a boundary defined by a contrast in seismic velocity.

The temperature of the crust increases with depth, reaching values typically in the range from about 700 to 1,600 °C (1,292 to 2,912 °F) at the boundary with the underlying mantle. The temperature increases by as much as 30 °C (54 °F) for every kilometer locally in the upper part of the crust.
Bishop McNally High School
Bishop McNally High School is a part of the Calgary Catholic School District in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The school is named after John Thomas McNally, founder of the diocese who was appointed Bishop of Calgary from 1913 to 1924.

Calgary Catholic School District
Calgary Roman Catholic Separate School District No. 1 or the Calgary Catholic School District (CCSD) is the Roman Catholic separate school board in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.  It also serves the neighbouring communities of Airdrie, Chestermere, Cochrane and Rocky View County. The CSSD receives funding for students from the provincial government of Alberta.