hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alişer
Alişer or Alişir Efendî (Kurdish: Alîşêr Efendî, Zazaki: Elîşer; 1862 at İmranlı, Sivas vilayet - 9 July 1937 at Kafar village, Dersim), was a Kurdish poet, bard, intellectual and leader of Koçgiri tribe who fought against the Ottomans during World War I alongside the Russian Army. He was the organizator of Koçgiri rebellion and one of the main leaders of the Dersim rebellion.

One of the members of the Koçgiri tribe, who was born in present-day Azger (Atlıca) village of İmranlı district of Sivas, in 1921, the "Koçgiri rebellion", which took place in the Koçgiri region of Sivas, who made a name for himself with the events that have been recorded in official records as the first degree cause and perpetrator of the "rebellion".

Sivas vilayet
The Vilayet of Sivas (Armenian: Սեբաստիայի նահանգ, Ottoman Turkish: ولايت سيوس, romanized: Vilâyet-i Sivas) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire, and was one of the Six Armenian vilayets. The vilayet was bordered by Erzurum Vilayet to the east, Mamuretülaziz Vilayet to the south-east, the Trebizond Vilayet to the north and Ankara Vilayet to the west.

At the beginning of the 20th century, it had an area of 32,308 square miles (83,680 km2), while the preliminary results of the first Ottoman census of 1885 (published in 1908) gave the population as 996,126. The accuracy of the population figures ranges from "approximate" to "merely conjectural" depending on the region from which they were gathered.
Carolyn Reeder
Carolyn Reeder (November 16, 1937 – January 20, 2012) was an American writer best known for children's historical novels. She also wrote three non-fiction books about Shenandoah National Park for adults together with her husband. She won the Scott O'Dell Award for Historical Fiction. During the last year of her life she wrote a column for children in The Washington Post (KidsPost) about Civil War history.

Carolyn Bruce Owens was born in Washington, D.C. She studied organ and voice at American University where she graduated in 1959 with a degree in music. She lived in Glen Echo, Maryland. She was afflicted by kidney cancer and died in a Washington hospital.

Shenandoah National Park
Shenandoah National Park /ˈʃɛnənˌdoʊə/ (often /ˈʃænənˌdoʊə/) is a national park of the United States that encompasses part of the Blue Ridge Mountains in Virginia. The park is long and narrow, with the Shenandoah River and its broad valley to the west, and the rolling hills of the Virginia Piedmont to the east. Skyline Drive is the main park road, generally traversing along the ridgeline of the mountains. Almost 40% of the park's land—79,579 acres (124 sq mi; 322 km2)—has been designated as wilderness areas and is protected as part of the National Wilderness Preservation System. The highest peak is Hawksbill Mountain at 4,051 feet (1,235 m).
Acanthothecis salazinica
Acanthothecis salazinica is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Panama, it was described as a new species in 2013 by Pieter van den Boom and Harrie J. Sipman. The type specimen was collected near Paraíso, Panamá Province, close to the botanical garden in the Summit Park. Here it was growing on the bark of a cultivated Parmentiera cereifera tree. The lichen contains the secondary chemical salazinic acid, for which it is named. Acanthothecis subclavulifera is quite similar in morphology, but it contains protocetraric acid rather than salazinic acid and it has a different ascospore structure.

Another lichen was named Acanthothecis salazinica in 2013, by Santosh Joshi and Jae-Seoun Hur. However, since the publication date was a few months after van den Boom and Sipman's publication, it is not a validly published name because it is a later homonym and thus illegitimate. It was published validly with a new name, Acanthothecis yokdonensis, in 2017.

Nomen illegitimum
Nomen illegitimum (Latin for illegitimate name) is a technical term used mainly in botany. It is usually abbreviated as nom. illeg. Although  the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants uses Latin terms as qualifiers for taxon names (e.g. nomen conservandum for "conserved name", and nomen superfluum for "superfluous name"), the definition of each term is in English rather than Latin. The Latin abbreviations are widely used by botanists and mycologists.
Magnus Eriksson (ice hockey)
Magnus Eriksson (born 12 August 1973) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey goaltender. He has played with Milano Vipers since 2004. Before that did he represent Augsburger Panther in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (2001–2004), Färjestads BK in the Swedish Elite League (2000–2001), VIK Västerås HK in the Swedish Elite League (1997–2000).Now he plays for the French elite hockey team Dragons de Rouen. Before signing with Västerås IK in 1997 did he play in the lower leagues in Sweden.

He won a gold medal at the 1998 IIHF World Championships.

Augsburger Panther
The Augsburger Panther are a professional ice hockey team in the DEL. The team is based in Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany. They play their home games at the Curt Frenzel Stadion.

Founded in 1878, the team's name was Augsburger EV (Augsburger Eislaufverein, i.e. "Augsburgian Skating Society") until 1994, when it was changed to Augsburger Panther.
9th federal electoral district of Sinaloa
The 9th federal electoral district of Sinaloa (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 09 de Sinaloa) is a defunct federal electoral district of Mexico.

During its existence it elected one deputy to the Chamber of Deputies for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also counted towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the country's electoral regions.

The 9th district was created as part of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under that plan, Sinaloa's seat allocation rose from five to nine.
It was dissolved by the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) in its 1996 redistricting process because the state's population no longer warranted nine districts.
Accordingly, it elected its first deputy in the 1979 mid-term election and its last in the 1994 general election.

L Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The L Legislature of the Congress of the Union met from 1976 to 1979. This 50th session of Congress consisted of senators and deputies who were members of their respective chambers. They began their duties on September 1, 1976, and ended on August 31, 1979.

The senators and deputies were elected to office in the 1976 Mexican general election. The senators were elected for a period of six years (so they maintained their seat in the next legislature), and the deputies were elected for a period of three years.
Falil Caffoor
Al-Hajj Mohamed Falil Abdul Caffoor, MBE (20 March 1907 - 31 March 1980) was a Ceylonese businessmen and politician. A successful gem merchant, he was the member of parliament for Colombo Central and member of the Colombo Municipal Council.

Born as the eldest son of Noor Deen Hajiar Abdul Caffoor, a successful gem merchant and owner of the Gaffoor Building in Colombo. Falil Caffoor, was educated at S. Thomas' College and joined the family business. In 1954, he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in the 1954 Birthday Honours for his services for commerce. In 1965, he was elected to the Colombo Municipal Council and was shortly elected to parliament form the Colombo Central with the highest preferential votes in the 1965 general election and was reelected in the 1970 general election. He later served as a Director of the Bank of Ceylon and the Honorary Consul for Iraq to Sri Lanka.

Bank of Ceylon
Bank of Ceylon (BOC; Sinhala: ලංකා බැංකුව Lanka Bænkuwa, Tamil: இலங்கை வங்கி Ilangai Vangi) is a state-owned, major commercial bank in Sri Lanka. Its head office is located in an iconic cylindrical building in Colombo.

The bank has a network of 651 branches, 715 automated teller machines (ATMs), 159 CDM, 582 CRM network, and 15 regional loan centres within the country. It also has an around-the-clock call centre and an around the clock branch at its Colombo office.

In addition to the local presence, the bank maintains an off-shore banking unit in the head office in Colombo, three branches in Malé, Chennai, and Seychelles, and a subsidiary in London.
Norwegian Directorate of Public Construction and Property
The Norwegian Directorate of Public Construction and Property (Norwegian: Statsbygg) is a Norwegian government agency that manages central parts of the real estate portfolio of the Government of Norway.

Council of State (Norway)
The Council of State (Norwegian: Statsrådet) is a formal body composed of the most senior government ministers chosen by the prime minister of Norway, and functions as the collective decision-making organ constituting the executive branch of Norway. The council simultaneously plays the role of privy council as well as government Cabinet.

With the exception of the prime minister and the minister of foreign affairs, who retain their ministerial ranking in their own right, all the other members of the Cabinet concurrently hold the position of statsråd, meaning Councillor of State, and that of chief of the various departments, not formally being considered 'ministers', although commonly addressed as such. The Cabinet normally convenes every week, usually on Fridays at 11:00 a.m. at the Royal Palace, Oslo, and is presided over by the monarch.
(R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase
In enzymology, a (R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.80) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

(+)-(R)-limonene + NADPH + H+ + O2  (+)-trans-carveol + NADP+ + H2O

The 4 substrates of this enzyme are (+)-(R)-limonene, NADPH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are (+)-trans-carveol, NADP+, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is (R)-limonene,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (6-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include (+)-limonene-6-hydroxylase, and (+)-limonene 6-monooxygenase.  This enzyme participates in monoterpenoid biosynthesis and limonene and pinene degradation.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
C.P. Quattlebaum House
C.P. Quattlebaum House is a historic home located at Conway in Horry County, South Carolina. It was built in 1807. It is a two-story, "T"-plan, cross-gable roofed, frame, weatherboard-clad residence.  It features a two-story, projecting, polygonal bay and two-tiered wrap around porch with sawn brackets. Its owner, Cephas Perry Quattlebaum, served as Conway's first mayor and his office is located nearby, the C.P. Quattlebaum Office.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Conway, South Carolina
Conway is a city in and the county seat of Horry County, South Carolina, United States.  The population was 24,849 at the 2020 census, up from 17,103 in the 2010 census, making it the 18th-most populous city in the state. The city is part of the Myrtle Beach Metro Area. It is the home of Coastal Carolina University.

Numerous buildings and structures located in Conway are on the National Register of Historic Places. Among these is the City Hall building, designed by Robert Mills, architect of the Washington Monument. Since the completion of the Main Street USA project in the 1980s, Conway's downtown has been revitalized with shops and bistros. Highlighting the renovation of the downtown area is the Riverwalk, an area of restaurants which follows a stretch of the Waccamaw River that winds through Conway.
Statue of Israel Putnam
General Israel Putnam is a monumental statue in Hartford, Connecticut, United States. Located in the city's Bushnell Park, the statue was designed by sculptor John Quincy Adams Ward and honors Israel Putnam, a military officer in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. The statue was largely paid for by a donation from judge Joseph P. Allyn and was dedicated in a large ceremony in 1874. It was one of the first statues to be erected in the park, which nowadays houses several other monuments to famous Connecticut residents. From an artistic standpoint, the statue has received mixed reviews from critics.

The American Architect
The American Architect was a weekly periodical on architecture published between 1876 and 1938. Originally titled The American Architect and Building News, in 1909 the magazine changed its name to The American Architect. In 1921, it changed name again to The American Architect and the Architectural Review, the second part of the name being the serial it absorbed.

The magazine reverted to its original name in 1925, and was published for another thirteen years. Its final edition, volume 152, was published in 1938, when it was absorbed into Architectural Record.

The magazine was originally published by Ticknor and Company Publishers, based on Tremont Street in Boston, Massachusetts. It was later published by Swetland Publishing Company and Standard Publishing.
Kongjiazhuang railway station
The Kongjiazhuang railway station (Chinese: 孔家庄站; pinyin: Kǒng jiā zhuāng zhàn) is a station in Kongjiazhuang Town), Wanquan, Zhangjiakou, Hebei. Built in 1910, the station is 217 kilometres (135 mi) away from Beijing railway station and 615 kilometres (382 mi) away from Baotou railway station. It is under the jurisdiction of the China Railway Beijing Group and is a fourth-class station.

China Railway Beijing Group
China Railway Beijing Group, officially abbreviated as CR Beijing or CR-Beijing, formerly, Beijing Railway Administration is a subsidiary company under the jurisdiction of the China Railway (formerly the Ministry of Railway). The railway administration was reorganized as a company in November 2017.

It is responsible for the railway network within Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei province. CR Beijing also operates and supervises the expansion of the Beijing Suburban Railway, the commuter rail service linking urban Beijing and surrounding suburbs.

High speed services on the Beijing-Tianjin intercity railway are also managed by CR Beijing.
Donald Hanson
Donald E. Hanson (April 26, 1926 – June 27, 2012) was an American politician and educator.

Hanson was born in Lyon County, Minnesota, on April 26, 1926. Upon his discharge from the United States Navy, he pursued a bachelor's degree in education at Northwest Missouri State University, completed a master of arts at the University of Wyoming, and obtained a doctorate of education at Western Michigan University. Hanson then became a schoolteacher and administrator. After retiring from teaching, Hanson served three consecutive terms on the Iowa House of Representatives. He was elected as a Republican legislator from District 26 between 1991 and 1993, and held the District 24 seat from 1993 to 1997. Hanson married his wife Jo in 1950, and raised three children.

Hanson died in Cedar Falls, Iowa on June 27, 2012, at the age of 86.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
The Knight of San Marco
The Knight of San Marco (Italian: Il cavaliere di San Marco) is a 1939 Italian historical drama film directed by Gennaro Righelli and starring Mario Ferrari, Dria Paola and Laura Nucci. It is set during the Risorgimento. It was made at Cinecittà, with sets designed by the art director Alfredo Montori.

Mario Ferrari
Mario Ferrari (September 3, 1894 – June 28, 1974) was an Italian film actor. After making his debut in 1920, Ferrari became a mainstay of Italian cinema during the Fascist era appearing in a mixture of leading and supporting roles. He played the villainous Graiano d'Asti in the historical film Ettore Fieramosca (1938). Ferrari continued to work regularly in the post-Second World War years.
The Birth of Loud
The Birth of Loud: Leo Fender, Les Paul, and the Guitar-Pioneering Rivalry That Shaped Rock 'n' Roll is a 2019 book by Ian S. Port that examines the impacts of Leo Fender and Les Paul, and their rivalry, on rock music.

Leo Fender
Clarence Leonidas Fender (August 10, 1909 – March 21, 1991) was an American inventor and founder of the Fender Musical Instruments Corporation.

Fender designed the company's iconic early instruments: the Fender Telecaster, the first mass-produced solid-body electric guitar; the Fender Stratocaster, among the most iconic electric guitars; and the Fender Precision Bass, which set the standard for electric basses. He also designed the Fender Bassman amplifier, which became the archetype for later amplifiers (notably by Marshall and Mesa Boogie) that dominated rock and roll music.

Fender, who was not a guitarist himself, was inducted posthumously into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992.
Utricularia aureomaculata
Utricularia aureomaculata is a small, probably annual, lithophyte carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. U. aureomaculata is endemic to Venezuela and is only known from three locations: the type location on Ptari-tepui in the Venezuelan state of Bolívar, one other location from Ptari-tepuí, and also from Amaruay-tepui. It grows as a terrestrial lithophyte on moist mossy bluffs. It has been collected in flower in May, October, and November. It was originally described and published by Julian Alfred Steyermark in 1953.

Lithophyte
Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks.  Epilithic (or epipetric) lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic (or chasmophytes) lithophytes grow in the cracks or crevices of rocks. Obligate lithophytes grow solely on rocks, while facultative lithophytes will grow partially on a rock and on another substrate simultaneously.
Timothy Kinsey
Timothy Kinsey (born November 12, 1949) is an American politician from West Virginia. He is a Democrat and represented District 19 in the West Virginia House of Delegates from 2013 to 2014. He was appointed to the seat by Governor Earl Ray Tomblin to replace Speaker Rick Thompson.

West Virginia House of Delegates
The West Virginia House of Delegates is the lower house of the West Virginia Legislature in West Virginia. Only three states—Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia—refer to their lower house as the House of Delegates.
Tigers That Talked
Tigers That Talked are a four-piece British art rock/folk rock band. The name of the band comes from the book In Watermelon Sugar by Richard Brautigan. The band formed in 2006, and have since been signed to Bad Sneakers Records in Leeds.

In August 2009, the band begun recording their debut album, The Merchant; which was released in November 2010. The first single "23 Fears" was released in December 2008, followed by "Black Heart, Blue Eyes" EP in June 2009, and "Artificial Clouds" in October 2009. "23 Fears" became Steve Lamacq's Record of the Week, and gained well-received attention from Artrocker Magazine, Q Music online and HMV's Get Closer website.

The band have received critically acclaimed reviews and airplay on BBC Radio 1 and XFM through such DJs as Zane Lowe, Colin Murray, John Kennedy and Jon Hillcock.

Richard Brautigan
Richard Gary Brautigan  (January 30, 1935 – c. September 16, 1984) was an American novelist, poet, and short story writer. He wrote throughout his life and published ten novels, two collections of short stories, and ten books of poetry. Brautigan's work has been published both in the United States and internationally throughout Europe, Japan, and China. He is best known for his novels Trout Fishing in America (1967), In Watermelon Sugar (1968), and The Abortion: An Historical Romance 1966 (1971).
Sovetsky District, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug
Sovetsky District (Russian: Сове́тский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the nine in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug of Tyumen Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the autonomous okrug. The area of the district is 29,768.74 square kilometers (11,493.77 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Sovetsky. Population: 48,059 (2010 Census);  44,720 (2002 Census); 73,247 (1989 Soviet census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 55.1% of the district's total population.

Autonomous okrugs of Russia
Autonomous okrugs, (Russian: автономный округ, romanized: avtonomnyy okrug) which are also referred to as "autonomous districts" or "autonomous areas" are a type of federal subject of the Russian Federation and simultaneously an administrative division type of some federal subjects. As of 2024, Russia has four autonomous okrugs of its 83 federal subjects. The Chukotka Autonomous Okrug is the only okrug which is not subordinate to an oblast. The Nenets Autonomous Okrug is a part of Arkhangelsk Oblast, the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug are parts of Tyumen Oblast.

According to the Constitution of the Soviet Union, in case of a union republic voting on leaving the Soviet Union, autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts, and autonomous okrugs had the right, by means of a referendum, to independently resolve whether they will stay in the USSR or leave with the seceding union republic, as well as to raise the issue of their state-legal status.
John Edwards (Wisconsin politician)
John Edwards (September 15, 1831 – March 11, 1891) was an American politician born in England.

Born in England, Edwards moved with his family in 1832 to Hazel Green, Wisconsin. He went to California; he then moved to Port Edwards, Wisconsin, where he was a lumberman. He served as school treasurer, chairman of the Town of Port Edwards, and chairman of the Wood County, Wisconsin Board of Supervisors from 1884 to 1885. He served in the Wisconsin State Assembly as a Democrat in 1891. He died in Madison, Wisconsin while still in office.

Wood County, Wisconsin
Wood County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 74,207. Its county seat is Wisconsin Rapids. The county is named after Joseph Wood, a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly. Wood County comprises the Wisconsin Rapids-Marshfield, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Wausau-Stevens Point-Wisconsin Rapids, WI Combined Statistical Area.