hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Turenki
Turenki (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈtureŋki]) is a population center in the municipality of Janakkala, Finland, with a population of some 7,500 people. It has been said that Turenki is translated from Turinge, Thuring or Turängi. It is among the largest population centers of Janakkala, along with Tervakoski. Turenki is located about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) southeast of the city of Hämeenlinna.

Tervakoski
Tervakoski (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈterʋɑˌkoski]; lit. 'tar rapids') is a small town in Janakkala, Finland. In 2021, there were 3,972 inhabitants.

A well-known and popular amusement park Puuhamaa is located in the village. About 1.7 kilometres (1.1 mi) southeast of Puuhamaa, on the other shore of Lake Alasjärvi, is Tervaniemi, which offers accommodation.

Tervakoski Oy's paper mill, established in 1818, is located in Tervakoski.
Sam F. Davis Stakes
The Sam F. Davis Stakes is a Listed American Thoroughbred horse race for three years old horses over the distance of 1+1⁄16 miles on the dirt scheduled annually in February at Tampa Bay Downs racetrack in Oldsmar, Florida. The event currently carries a purse of $250,000.

Oldsmar, Florida
Oldsmar is a city in Pinellas County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 14,898. The Oldsmar name dates to April 12, 1916, when automobile pioneer Ransom E. Olds purchased 37,541 acres (151.92 km2) of land north of Tampa Bay to establish a planned community.
Coed y Gopa
Coed y Gopa is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in the preserved county of Clwyd, north Wales.

Located on a prominent limestone hillside in the Vale of Clwyd in North Wales, Coed y Gopa is a popular wood managed by the Woodland Trust, with a wide variety of wildlife, coastal views, and features of historical interest.

Mine adits and natural caves provide roosts for bats and the second largest lesser horseshoe bat hibernaculum in North East Wales is present at the site, hence the designation as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). The site is also home to ospreys and goshawks.

The hill fort of Castell Cawr is located within the SSSI.

Woodland Trust
The Woodland Trust is the largest woodland conservation charity in the United Kingdom and is concerned with the creation, protection, and restoration of native woodland heritage. It has planted over 68 million trees since 1972. The Woodland Trust has three aims: to protect ancient woodland which is rare, unique and irreplaceable, to promote the restoration of damaged ancient woodland, and to plant native trees and woods to benefit people and wildlife.

The charity maintains ownership of over 1,000 sites covering over 33,000 hectares (330 square kilometres; 130 square miles) of which 8,070ha (33%) is ancient woodland. It ensures public access to its woods.
Bekkestua station
Bekkestua is a station and tram stop that is served both by Oslo Metro on Kolsås Line and Oslo Tramway on Lilleaker Line situated at Bekkestua in Bærum, Norway. It is the terminus of the Lilleaker Line for tramway.

Located between Ringstabekk and Gjønnes, it was reopened on 15 August 2011 after being closed on 1 July 2006. Between 1 July 2003 and November 2004, Bekkestua was the end station on the Kolsås Line. For a while the station was only being served by the Oslo Tramway line 13, while the station was closed for an upgrade.

Since 2 December 2007, tram operations (on line 13) have returned on this line from Lilleaker to Bekkestua. Operations beyond Lilleaker use SL95 trams as there is no turnback loop at Bekkestua. The tram operations were discontinued in 2009, but reopened in January 2014 after technical difficulties delayed the opening by one month. Bekkestua bus terminal is only a minute's walk from the metro and tram platforms (1, 2, 3).

Tram stop
A tram stop, tram station, streetcar stop, or light rail station is a place designated for a tram, streetcar, or light rail vehicle to stop so passengers can board or alight it. Generally, tram stops share most characteristics of bus stops, but because trams operate on rails, they often include railway platforms, especially if stepless entries are provided for accessibility. However, trams may also be used with bus stop type flags and with mid-street pavements as platforms, in street running mode.
2021 Vesuvio Cup
The 2021 Vesuvio Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Ercolano, Italy between 11 and 17 October 2021.

Ercolano
Ercolano (Italian: [erkoˈlaːno]) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania of Southern Italy. It lies at the western foot of Mount Vesuvius, on the Bay of Naples, just southeast of the city of Naples. The medieval town of Resina (IPA: [reˈziːna]) was built on the volcanic material left by the eruption of Vesuvius (79 AD) that destroyed the ancient city of Herculaneum, from which the present name is derived. Ercolano is a resort and the starting point for excursions to the excavations of Herculaneum and for the ascent of Vesuvius by bus. The town also manufactures leather goods, buttons, glass, and Lacryma Christi, 'Tears of Christ' wine.
Charles Gordon-Lennox, 11th Duke of Richmond
Charles Henry Gordon Lennox, 11th Duke of Richmond, 11th Duke of Lennox, 11th Duke of Aubigny, 6th Duke of Gordon, CBE, DL (born 8 January 1955), styled Lord Settrington until 1989 and then Earl of March and Kinrara until 2017, is a British aristocrat and owner of the  Goodwood Estate in Sussex. He is the founder of the Goodwood Festival of Speed and the Goodwood Revival.

The Duke of Richmond serves as President of the British Automobile Racing Club, Patron of the TT Riders Association, and is an honorary member of the British Racing Drivers Club, the Guild of Motoring Writers and the 500 Owners Club. He was awarded an honorary Fellowship by the University of Chichester in 2009.

Courtesy title
A courtesy title is a title that does not have legal significance but is rather used by custom or courtesy, particularly, in the context of nobility, the titles used by children of members of the nobility (cf. substantive title).

In some contexts, courtesy title is used to mean the more general concept of a title or honorific such as Mr., Mrs., Ms., Miss, Madam, Sir for those who have not been awarded a knighthood or a baronetcy, as well as Dr. for physicians who have not actually achieved a doctorate.
Catalan phonology
The Catalan phonology has a certain degree of dialectal variation. Although there are two standard varieties, one based on Central Eastern dialect and another one based on South-Western or Valencian, this article deals with features of all or most dialects, as well as regional pronunciation differences.

Catalan is characterized by final-obstruent devoicing, lenition and (in some dialects) fortition of plosives, voicing assimilation, and gemination (consonant lengthening); a set of 7 to 8 phonemic vowels, vowel assimilations (including vowel harmony), many phonetic diphthongs, and vowel reduction, whose precise details differ between dialects.

Plosive
In phonetics, a plosive, also known as an occlusive or simply a stop, is a pulmonic consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.

The occlusion may be made with the tongue tip or blade ([t], [d]), tongue body ([k], [ɡ]), lips ([p], [b]), or glottis ([ʔ]). Plosives contrast with nasals, where the vocal tract is blocked but airflow continues through the nose, as in /m/ and /n/, and with fricatives, where partial occlusion impedes but does not block airflow in the vocal tract.
Tidcombe
Tidcombe is a small village in Wiltshire, England, on the eastern edge of the county, near Hampshire, about 9 miles (14 km) southeast of Marlborough and 7 miles (11 km) southwest of Hungerford. With few inhabitants, it forms part of the civil parish of Tidcombe and Fosbury, which has a parish meeting.

Parish meeting
A parish meeting is a meeting that all the electors in a civil parish in England are entitled to attend.

In some cases, where a parish or group of parishes has fewer than 200 electors, the parish meeting can take on the role of a parish council, with statutory powers, and elects a chairman and a clerk to act on the meeting's behalf. Every parish in England has a parish meeting.
Optical ring resonators
An optical ring resonator is a set of waveguides in which at least one is a closed loop coupled to some sort of light input and output. (These can be, but are not limited to being, waveguides.) The concepts behind optical ring resonators are the same as those behind whispering galleries except that they use light and obey the properties behind constructive interference and total internal reflection. When light of the resonant wavelength is passed through the loop from the input waveguide, the light builds up in intensity over multiple round-trips owing to constructive interference and is output to the output bus waveguide which serves as a detector waveguide. Because only a select few wavelengths will be at resonance within the loop, the optical ring resonator functions as a filter. Additionally, as implied earlier, two or more ring waveguides can be coupled to each other to form an add/drop optical filter.

Whispering gallery
A whispering gallery is usually a circular, hemispherical, elliptical or ellipsoidal enclosure, often beneath a dome or a vault, in which whispers can be heard clearly in other parts of the gallery. Such galleries can also be set up using two parabolic dishes. Sometimes the phenomenon is detected in caves.
Da Soul Touchaz
Da Soul Touchaz is a professional wrestling alliance, currently consisting of American professional wrestlers Acid Jaz, Marshe Rockett, Willie Richardson and manager C. Red. The group is best known for working for Chikara, but has also worked for promotions such as Dragon Gate USA, Independent Wrestling Association Mid-South and various other independent promotions.

Originally forming on the independent circuit in the Illinois–area, the group has worked majority of its existence as babyface and has had its members hold numerous titles in promotions such as Stars & Stripes Wrestling, Vanguard Wrestling All–Star Alliance and Windy City Pro Wrestling. A major part of the group's gimmick involves its entrance, during which its members are known for doing the "Soulja Boy dance" from "Crank That (Soulja Boy)", which was also their entrance theme.

Sami Callihan
Samuel Alton Johnston (born September 1, 1987), better known by the ring name Sami Callihan, is an American retired professional wrestler and promoter. He is signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) as the Director of Live Events. He also wrestled for Lucha Underground under the ring names Jeremiah Crane, and later, Jeremiah Snake, and in WWE under the ring name Solomon Crowe.

He worked for several independent promotions throughout the United States. He found most success in Combat Zone Wrestling (CZW) and Major League Wrestling (MLW), but has also wrestled for Dragon Gate USA, Evolve, Ring of Honor, Pro Wrestling Guerrilla, Full Impact Pro, and All American Wrestling. In CZW, he held the CZW Iron Man Championship, the CZW Ultraviolent Underground Championship, and the CZW World Junior Heavyweight Championship, and won the 2012 Best of the Best tournament. He also runs an independent wrestling promotion called The Wrestling Revolver.
1995 Micronesian imports referendum
A referendum on the powers of the federal government to levy taxes on imports was held in the Federated States of Micronesia on 4 July 1995. Congress had adopted Public Law 8-135 on the matter, which would have altered article II of Chapter IX of the constitution. However, the move was vetoed by President Bailey Olter on 22 March. As a result, the referendum was held alongside by-elections for Congress. A three-quarter majority was required in three of the four states, but the proposal was rejected by voters.

Congress of the Federated States of Micronesia
The Congress of the Federated States of Micronesia has 14 non-partisan members: ten members elected for a two-year term in ten single-seat constituencies and four members elected for a four-year term, one from each state at-large.
Pedro Gailhard
Pedro or Pierre Gailhard, full name Pierre Samson Gailhard, (1 August 1848 – 12 October 1918) was a French opera singer and theatre director.

Gifted with an exceptional singing bass voice, Pedro Gailhard made his debut at the Opéra-Comique in December 1867, then sang at the Opéra Garnier, as Mephisto in Faust by Charles Gounod in 1871, a role which he also sang at Covent Garden. His interprétation of Leporello in Don Giovanni by Mozart was considered remarkable, as was his portrayal of other roles, such as Osmin in Mozart's Die Entführung aus dem Serail, Kaspar in Weber's Der Freischütz, the King in Thomas' Hamlet, Pythéas in Gounod's Sapho, Saint-Bris and Nevers in Meyerbeer's Les Huguenots, and Faust in Boito's Mefistofele.

Pedro Gailhard was the first lyric artist to be named director of the Paris Opera, which he headed from 1884 to 1891 and from 1893 to 1907. He was mentioned as such in the novel The Phantom of the Opera by Gaston Leroux.

Der Freischütz
Der Freischütz (J. 277, Op. 77 The Marksman or The Freeshooter) is a German opera with spoken dialogue in three acts by Carl Maria von Weber with a libretto by Friedrich Kind, based on a story by Johann August Apel and Friedrich Laun from their 1810 collection Gespensterbuch. It premiered on 18 June 1821 at the Schauspielhaus Berlin. It is considered the first German Romantic opera.

The opera's plot is mainly based on August Apel's tale "Der Freischütz" from the Gespensterbuch though the hermit, Kaspar and Ännchen are new to Kind's libretto. That Weber's tunes were just German folk music is a common misconception. Its unearthly portrayal of the supernatural in the famous Wolf's Glen scene has been described as "the most expressive rendering of the gruesome that is to be found in a musical score".
Mohite Subodh Baburao
Mohite Subodh Baburao (born 17 October 1961) was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represented the Ramtek constituency of Maharashtra and was a member of the Shiv Sena (SS) political party until February 2007. In recent developments he left the party and joined Indian National Congress.

14th Lok Sabha
The 14th Lok Sabha (2 June 2004 – 18 May 2009) was convened after the 2004 Indian general election, held in four phases during 20 April – 10 May 2004, which led to the formation of the first Manmohan Singh ministry (2004–2009). Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance won 62 more seats than previous 13th Lok Sabha. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. 8 sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 14th Lok Sabha after the 2004 Indian general election.

The next 15th Lok Sabha was convened after 2009 Indian general election.
2024 Rising Phoenix World Championships
The 2024 IFBB Professional League Blood, Sweat & Bodywork Rising Phoenix World Championships was an International Federation of Bodybuilding and Fitness Professional League (IFBB Pro League) professional female bodybuilding contest that was held in conjunction with the IFBB Pro League Arizona Women's Pro and the National Physique Committee (NPC) Arizona Women’s Extravaganza. It was the tenth Rising Phoenix World Championships to be held.

Angela Yeo
Angela C. Yeo (née Wortman; born July 23, 1984) is an American professional bodybuilder, along with a former professional figure, powerlifter and women's physique contestant. She is currently the second highest ranking professional female bodybuilder.
Wellingborough Cablevision
Wellingborough Cablevision was a cable television broadcaster that operated in the Wellingborough area of Northamptonshire, England, during a period of experimental licensing of cable community television in the 1970s. It was run by a consortium of local businesses and existed from 18 February 1974 to 24 March 1975.

Community television
Community television is a form of mass media in which a television station is owned, operated or programmed by a community group to provide television programs of local interest known as local programming.

Community television stations are most commonly operated by non-profit groups or cooperatives. However, in some cases they may be operated by a local college or university, a cable company or a municipal government.
German submarine U-857
German submarine U-857 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine built for service during the Second World War. She was ordered on 5 June 1941, laid down on 16 November 1942, and launched on 25 May 1943. For her operational lifespan, she was commanded by Kapitänleutnant Rudolf Premauer and had a complement of 59.

Kapitänleutnant
Kapitänleutnant, short: KptLt/in lists: KL, (English: captain lieutenant or lieutenant captain) is an officer grade of the captains' military hierarchy group (German: Hauptleute) of the modern German Bundeswehr. The rank is rated OF-2 in NATO, and equivalent to Hauptmann in the Heer and Luftwaffe. It is grade A11 or A12 in the pay rules of the Federal Ministry of Defence.

The rank first appeared in the German Empire and continued in use through the Weimar Republic and into the Third Reich.
Nicobar
Nicobar can refer to:

Nicobar Islands, a group of islands within the Indian union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Car Nicobar
Great Nicobar Island
Little Nicobar

Nicobar district, a district of the Indian union territory

Nicobar, a ship of the Danish Asiatic Company

Nicobar district
Nicobar district is one of three districts in the Indian union territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The district's administrative territory encompasses all of the Nicobar Islands, which are located in the Indian Ocean, between the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea. The headquarters of the district is the village of Malacca, located on the island of Car Nicobar.

The district administration is headed by a Deputy Commissioner, who in turn reports to the Lt. Governor of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

It is the fifth least populous district in the country (out of 640).
The Pearl Maker of Madrid
The Pearl Maker of Madrid (German:Der Perlenmacher von Madrid) is a 1921 German silent drama film directed by Eberhard Frowein and starring Hermann Wlach, Herma van Delden and Maria Merlott. It premiered in Berlin on 1 July 1921.

Cinema of Germany
The cinema of Germany can be traced back to the late 19th century. The film industry in Germany made major technical and artistic contributions to early film, broadcasting and television technology. Babelsberg became a household synonym for the early 20th century film industry in Europe, similar to Hollywood later. Early German and German-speaking filmmakers and actors heavily contributed to early Hollywood, many of whom were Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution.

Germany witnessed major changes to its identity during the 20th and 21st century. Those changes determined the periodisation of national cinema into a succession of distinct eras and movements.

German movies and German artists earned 230 Oscar nominations and 54 Oscar wins.
Guerzim
Guerzim is a village in the commune of Béni Ikhlef, in Kerzaz District, Béchar Province, Algeria. The village lies on the Oued Saoura 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of Béni Ikhlef and 28 kilometres (17 mi) southeast of El Ouata.

El Ouata
El Ouata (Arabic: اﻟﻮاتة) is a town and commune in Béchar Province, western Algeria. The commune is coextensive with El Ouata District, which is named after the town. According to the 2008 census its population is 7,343, up from 7,014 in 1998, with an annual population growth rate of 0.5%. The commune covers an area of 2,870 square kilometres (1,110 sq mi).
Baraka Bible Presbyterian Church
Baraka Bible Presbyterian Church is a reformed and fundamental Bible Presbyterian church located in Bethlehem and Shepherd's Field. The first and only Bible Presbyterian Church in historic Palestine, it is often attended by Pilgrims who visit the Holy Land. The sale of its original compound, Beit El Baraka, has been the subject of an international fraud case. The pastor is the Rev George Awad.

Bible Presbyterian Church
The Bible Presbyterian Church is an American Protestant denomination in the Reformed tradition. It was founded by members of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church over differences on eschatology and abstinence, after having left the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America over the rise of modernism.

The denomination comprises 28 churches, 27 in the United States and 1 church in Alberta, Canada divided between the Great Western Presbytery, the Eastern Presbytery, the Great Lakes Presbytery, and the Florida Presbytery. The highest governing body is the Synod.
2025 Città di Grado Tennis Cup – Singles
Tereza Valentová won the singles title at the 2025 Città di Grado Tennis Cup, defeating Barbora Palicová in the final, 6–2, 4–6, 6–1.

Francesca Jones was the reigning champion, but chose to compete at Queen's Club instead.

Francesca Jones (tennis)
Francesca Jones (born 19 September 2000) is a British professional tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking of No. 69 by the WTA achieved on 12 January 2026. Jones has won two WTA 125 titles and eight titles on the ITF circuit, breaking into the top 100 after winning 2025 Palermo Ladies Open in Italy. She had a career-high ITF juniors ranking of world No. 31, achieved on 1 May 2017.
Großheringen–Saalfeld railway
The Großheringen–Saalfeld railway, also known as the Saalbahn ("Saale Railway"), is a 153 kilometre-long double-track main line in the German state of Thuringia. It connects the Thuringian Railway (German: Thüringer Bahn) at Großheringen (near Naumburg) with the Franconian Forest Railway (Frankenwaldbahn) at Saalfeld and is part of the north–south main line, Munich–Nuremberg–Halle / Leipzig–Berlin. It is electrified at 15 kV. 16.7 Hz.

Saalfeld
Saalfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈzaːlˌfɛlt] ⓘ; officially Saalfeld/Saale) is a town in Germany, capital of the Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district of Thuringia. It is best known internationally as the ancestral seat of the Saxe-Coburg and Gotha branch of the Saxon House of Wettin.
Rustam Kazakov
Rustem Kazakov (born 2 January 1947) is a former Soviet wrestler of Crimean Tatar heritage, Olympic Champion, born in Tashkent, Uzbek SSR and affiliated with VS Tashkent.

He competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich where he won a gold medal in Greco-Roman wrestling, the bantamweight class. 
He is also two times world champion in 1969 and 1971.

Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (UzSSR), also known as Soviet Uzbekistan, the Uzbek SSR, or simply Uzbekistan and rarely Uzbekia, was a union republic of the Soviet Union. It was governed by the Uzbek branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the legal political party, from 1925 until 1990. From 1990 to 1991, it was a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation.

Beginning 20 June 1990, the Uzbek SSR adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty within its borders. Islam Karimov became the republic's inaugural president.

On 31 August 1991, the Uzbek SSR was renamed the Republic of Uzbekistan and declared independence three months before the Soviet Union's dissolution on 26 December 1991.

Uzbekistan was bordered by Kazakhstan to the north; Tajikistan to the southeast; Kirghizia to the northeast; Afghanistan to the south; and Turkmenistan to the southwest.