hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Khaniadhana State
Khaniadhana or Khaniyadhana was a princely state of British India ruled by the Judev dynasty of Bundela Rajputs. The capital of the State was Khaniadhana. It was part of the Bundelkhand Agency and later the Central India Agency.

The princely state of Khaniadhana, was made of several small enclaves, bounded on the east by the British district of Jhansi but otherwise completely surrounded by the Narwar district of Gwalior State. Khaniadhana State was part of the Gwalior Residency. It was located to the west of Orchha State. It covered a total area of 101 sq m spread over 55 villages and the total population of the territory during the British rule was 20,124 as per census of 1941.

Bundela
The Bundela is a Rajput clan. Over several generations, the cadet lineages of Bundela Rajputs founded several states in area what came to be known as Bundelkhand anciently known as Chedi Kingdom from the 16th century.
Jack Turban
Jack Turban is an American psychiatrist, author, and commentator who researches the mental health of transgender youth. His writing has appeared in The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Los Angeles Times, CNN, Scientific American, and Vox. He is an assistant professor of child and adolescent psychiatry at The University of California San Francisco and affiliate faculty in health policy at The Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies.

Vox (website)
Vox (from Latin  vōx 'voice') is an American news and opinion website owned by Vox Media. The website was founded in April 2014 by Ezra Klein, Matt Yglesias, and Melissa Bell, and is noted for its concept of explanatory journalism. Vox's media presence also includes a YouTube channel, several podcasts, and a show presented on Netflix. Vox has been described as left-leaning and liberal.
C.C. Curtis
Charles Clifford Curtis (1862–1956) was a pioneering American photographer who is best remembered for his documentary photography of the logging industry in the Sierra Nevada mountains in the late 19th century. His photographs, which captured the felling of the famous Mark Twain Tree and the General Noble tree, helped to convince the public that these giant sequoias were not a hoax.  Curtis was well known for his use of large plate photography, which allowed him to capture portraits of people and gatherings that were dwarfed by the scale of the giant trees. His images of logging crews working in the rugged terrain of Converse Basin are considered some of the most iconic and enduring images of the era.

Photographic plate
Photographic plates preceded film as the primary medium for capturing images in photography. These plates, made of metal or glass and coated with a light-sensitive emulsion, were integral to early photographic processes such as heliography, daguerreotypes, and photogravure. Glass plates, thinner than standard window glass, became widely used in the late 19th century for their clarity and reliability. Although largely replaced by film during the 20th century, plates continued to be used for specialised scientific and medical purposes until the late 20th century.
William F. Austin
William Franklin "Bill" Austin (born 1942) is an American billionaire businessman, philanthropist, and founder, principal owner, chairman and CEO of Starkey Hearing Technologies, a global hearing aid manufacturer and the largest in the United States.

Billionaire
A billionaire is a person whose net worth is at least one billion units of a given currency, typically USD. It is a sub-category of the concept of the ultra high-net-worth individual. The American business magazine Forbes produces a global list of known U.S. dollar billionaires every year and updates an internet version of this list in real time. The American oil magnate John D. Rockefeller became the world's first confirmed billionaire in 1916.

Nineteen individuals had attained the status of centibillionaires, each with a net worth of at least $100 billion, as of January 2026. As of March 2025, there are 3028 billionaires worldwide, with a combined wealth of over $16.1 trillion, up nearly $2 trillion over 2024.
Lucius Sicinius Vellutus
Lucius Sicinius Vellutus was a leading plebeian in ancient Rome, of the gens Sicinia.

In 494 and 493 BC, during a period of intense popular discontent, Sicinius advocated that the plebeians should secede from Rome and make camp on the Mons Sacer.  The plebs followed his advice, and seceded.  A reconciliation was agreed between the plebeians and patricians, and as a result the plebeians became entitled to elect annual magistrates known as tribunes.  Sicinius was elected one of the first tribunes, holding office for the consular year 493 BC.

The perceived success of the secession led by Sicinius became a precedent that inspired at least four later plebeian protests called secessio plebis. Taken together, this period of social conflict during the early history of the Roman Republic is generally referred to as the Conflict of the Orders.
Sicinius also appears as a character in Shakespeare's play Coriolanus, which concerns the events of 493 BC.

Tribune
Tribune (Latin: Tribunus) was the title of various elected officials in ancient Rome.  The two most important were the tribunes of the plebs and the military tribunes.  For most of Roman history, a college of ten tribunes of the plebs acted as a check on the authority of the senate and the annual magistrates, holding the power of ius intercessionis to intervene on behalf of the plebeians, and veto unfavourable legislation.  There were also military tribunes, who commanded portions of the Roman army, subordinate to higher magistrates, such as the consuls and praetors, promagistrates, and their legates.  Various officers within the Roman army were also known as tribunes.  The title was also used for several other positions and classes in the course of Roman history.
Qiuming
Qiuming is a transliteration of multiple Chinese given names. Notable people with these names include:

Bai Qiuming (born 1994), Chinese speed skater

Cheng Qiuming (born 1960), Chinese mathematical geoscientist

Wang Qiuming (born 1993), Chinese professional football player

Zuo Qiuming (556–451 BCE or 502 – 422 BCE), Chinese historian

Zuo Qiuming
Zuo Qiuming, Zuoqiu Ming or Qiu Ming (556 – 451 BCE or 502 – 422 BCE) was a Chinese historian who was a contemporary of Confucius. He lived in the Lu state during the Spring and Autumn period. He was a historian, litterateur, thinker and essayist who worked as a Lu official.

The influential historical narrative Zuo Zhuan ("Commentary of Zuo") is traditionally attributed to him; as well as Guoyu ("Discourses of the States"). One tradition, according to the Records of the Grand Historian, holds that he was blind.

In the Analects, Confucius complimented Zuo Qiu Ming's moral stance and conduct; he also received praise for his academic contributions.
Campile
Campile (Irish: Ceann Phoill or Ceann Poill, meaning 'head of the creek') is a small village situated in County Wexford in the south of Ireland. It is 14 kilometres (9 miles) south of the town of New Ross. As of the 2022 census, Campile had a population of 371 people.

2022 census of Ireland
The 2022 census of Ireland was held on Sunday, 3 April 2022. It was organised by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) and reported a total population of 5,149,139, or an 8.1% increase since the prior 2016 census. It is the highest population recorded in a census since 1841 and the first time the population exceeded five million since 1851. The census results were released gradually between May and December 2023 in a series of reports organised either as summaries or in-depth results of specific themes, like age, ethnicity, or religion.

A census was originally planned for 18 April 2021, but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Disney Jr.
Disney Jr. is an American pay television network owned by the Disney Branded Television, a sub-division of the Disney Entertainment business segment of the Walt Disney Company. Aimed mainly at children two to seven years of age, its programming consists of original first-run television series, films, and select other third-party programming.

As of November 2023, Disney Jr. is available to approximately 45,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2015 peak of 74,000,000 households. In recent years, Disney Jr.'s carriage has declined with the growth of streaming alternatives, including its parent company's Disney+, and has generally been depreciated by Disney in current retransmission consent negotiations with cable and streaming providers. Notably, the channel was removed in negotiations with Verizon Fios in 2025, and was unavailable on Charter Spectrum from 2023 to 2025.

Bright House Networks
Bright House Networks, LLC also simply known as Bright House, was an American telecom company. Prior to its purchase by Charter Communications, it was the tenth-largest multichannel video service provider and the 6th largest cable internet provider (based on coverage) in the United States. The company served more than 2.2 million customers, mostly in Florida.

Bright House Networks' primary service offerings included digital television, high-speed internet, home security and automation and voice services.

Bright House Networks also owned and operated two 24-hour local news operations; Central Florida News 13 serving the Orlando area, and Bay News 9 serving the Tampa Bay area.
Chirag Patil
Chirag Patil (born 10 March 1987) is an Indian Actor/Hotelier who appears in Hindi and Marathi films. He is best known for his role as Omkar in Vazandar (2016) directed by Sachin Kundalkar. Patil made his big screen debut with Raada Rox (2011), the film was directed by Rahul Thackeray and Heyramb S Khot. He made his Bollywood debut with Chargesheet (2011) directed by Dev Anand. He is the son of a famous Indian cricketer Sandeep Patil and played the role of his father in the movie 83 based on the 1983 Cricket World Cup win by the Indian Cricket team.

Chirag is also the founder of 'R.C.S.P Hotels & Resorts' under which he owns and operates 'The Farmhouse' a boutique lakefront resort in Karjat.

'R.C.S.P Hotels & Resorts' also manage & operate several other properties in Maharashtra.

Sachin Kundalkar
Sachin Kundalkar or Sacin Kuṇḍalakar is an Indian film director and screenplay writer who mostly works in Marathi cinema. He is known for his directorial works of Nirop (2007) and Gandha (2009). He has also written for the theatre. He is recipient of two National Film Awards, as a director for Nirop and as a screenwriter for Gandha, the first Marathi film to win Best Screenplay award since the category's institution in 1967.
The Bird (Jerry Reed song)
"The Bird" is a song recorded by American country music singer Jerry Reed. Written by Hal Coleman and Barry Etris, this novelty song contains impressions of Willie Nelson's "Whiskey River" and "On the Road Again;" and George Jones' "He Stopped Loving Her Today." It was released in October 1982 as the lead single from the album, The Bird. The song peaked at No. 2 on the Billboard magazine Hot Country Singles chart just before Christmas.

George Jones
George Glenn Jones (September 12, 1931 – April 26, 2013) was an American country musician, singer, and songwriter. He achieved international fame for a long list of hit records, and is well known for his distinctive voice and phrasing. For the last two decades of his life, Jones is frequently referred to as "the greatest country singer", "The Rolls-Royce of Country Music", and had more than 160 chart singles to his name from 1955 until his death in 2013.

Jones served in the United States Marine Corps and was discharged in 1953. In 1959, Jones recorded "White Lightning", written by The Big Bopper, which launched his career as a singer. Years of alcoholism severely compromised his health and led to his missing many performances, earning him the nickname "No Show Jones". Jones died in 2013, aged 81, from hypoxic respiratory failure.
Survival (manhwa)
Survival (Korean: 살아남기; RR: Saranamgi, Japanese: 科学漫画サバイバル, romanized: Kagaku Manga Survival) is a South Korean manhwa series by Hyun Dong Han and Jung Wook Kim. The Korean comic book series has been translated and have sold more than 28 million copies worldwide. The series also received several anime adaptations.

Manhwa
Manhwa (Korean: 만화; Hanja: 漫畵; Korean pronunciation: [manβʷa]) is the general Korean term for comics and print cartoons. Outside Korea, the term usually refers to Korean comics.

Modern Manhwa has extended its reach to many other countries. These comics have branched outside of Korea by access to Webtoons and have created an impact that has resulted in some movie, drama and television show adaptations.
Leposoma sinepollex
Leposoma sinepollex is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. It is endemic to Brazil. It has lanceolate ventral and elongate dorsal scales arranged in diagonal rows. Males of this species have black pigmentation in their ventral parts, while females have a creamy pigmentation.

Gymnophthalmidae
Gymnophthalmidae is a family of lizards with at least 250 species, sometimes known commonly as spectacled lizards or microteiids. They are called "spectacled" because of their transparent lower eyelids, which allow them to still see with closed eyes. As in most lizards, except geckos, these eyelids are movable. The Alopoglossidae have been recently moved from this family.
Ermenek
Ermenek is a town in Karaman Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. It is the seat of Ermenek District. Its population is 11,629 (2022). As ancient Germanicopolis (in Isauria; has namesakes), a former bishopric, it remains a Latin Catholic titular see.

Mediterranean region, Turkey
The Mediterranean Region (Turkish: Akdeniz Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey. The largest city in the region is Antalya. Other big cities are Adana, Mersin, Isparta, Hatay and Kahramanmaraş.

It is bordered by the Aegean Region to the west, the Central Anatolia Region to the north, the Eastern Anatolia Region to the northeast, the Southeastern Anatolia Region to the east, Syria to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.
Banknotes of Denmark, 1972 series
The banknotes of Denmark, 1972 series are part of the physical form of Denmark's currency, the Krone (kr). They have been issued solely by Danmarks Nationalbank since 1 August 1818. They are still valid but are no longer printed. The theme of the notes is paintings by Jens Juel (1745–1802) of various more or less famous people on the front sides and common animals in Denmark on the back sides.

Danmarks Nationalbank
Danmarks Nationalbank (in Danish often simply Nationalbanken) is the central bank of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is a non-eurozone member of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB). Since its establishment in 1818, the objective of the Nationalbank as an independent and credible institution is to issue the Danish currency, the krone, and ensure its stability. The Board of Governors holds full responsibility for the monetary policy.

Danmarks Nationalbank undertakes all functions related to the management of the Danish central-government debt. The division of responsibility is set out in an agreement between the Ministry of Finance of Denmark and Danmarks Nationalbank.

It is also a member of the European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB).
Schappert
Schappert is a surname of German origin meaning shepherd, which is related to the English surname Shepherd.

Notable people with the surname include:

Ashley Schappert (born 1985), athlete, entrepreneur, and film producer

Jason Schappert (born 1988), aviator

John Schappert (baseball) (died 1917), baseball pitcher

Nicole Schappert (born 1986), maiden name of distance runner Nicole Tully

Terry Schappert (born 1962), soldier and television presenter

Jason Schappert
Jason Schappert is an American pilot and entrepreneur. Schappert is a CFII and ATP rated pilot, founder of MzeroA.com, and author of eight aviation flight training books. Schappert was named AOPA's Top Collegiate Flight Instructor in 2008, Outstanding Flight Instructor of 2014 and 2015, has amassed over 8000 hours of in-flight instruction since learning how to fly, and produces MzeroA.com's Online Ground School.
2008–09 Principality Premiership
The 2008–09 Principality Premiership was the fourteenth Principality Premiership season and the fifth under its current format. The season began in September 2008 and ended in May 2009. Fourteen teams played each other on a home and away basis, with teams earning four points for a win, and a bonus point for scoring four or more tries in a match. The losing team may also earn a bonus point if they lose by seven points or less.

The fourteen teams competing were Aberavon RFC, Bedwas RFC, Bridgend Ravens, Cardiff RFC, Cross Keys RFC, Ebbw Vale RFC, Glamorgan Wanderers RFC, Llandovery RFC, Llanelli RFC, Neath RFC, Newport RFC, Pontypool RFC, Pontypridd RFC, Swansea RFC.

Bedwas RFC
Bedwas RFC (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Bedwas) is a rugby union club located in the Welsh town of Bedwas. Bedwas has two senior teams, their 1st XV competing in the Welsh Championship and their development side, the Bedwas Barbarians. The club is a member of the Welsh Rugby Union and is a feeder club for Dragons regional team.
Holoviak Glacier
Holoviak Glacier (71°22′S 72°9′W﻿ / ﻿71.367°S 72.150°W﻿ / -71.367; -72.150) is a glacier flowing west into the head of Mendelssohn Inlet, facing towards the Wilkins Ice Shelf on the north side of the Beethoven Peninsula, lying in the southwestern portion of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from U.S. Navy aerial photographs taken 1967–68 and from Landsat imagery taken 1972–73, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Judy C. Holoviak, technical editor, 1964–77, of the Antarctic Research Series, published by the American Geophysical Union, and director of publications for the Union from 1978.

Mendelssohn Inlet
Mendelssohn Inlet (71°17′S 72°52′W﻿ / ﻿71.283°S 72.867°W﻿ / -71.283; -72.867) is an ice-filled inlet, 25 nautical miles (46 km) long and 9 nautical miles (17 km) wide, situated between Derocher Peninsula and Eroica Peninsula on the north side of Beethoven Peninsula, in the southwest part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. The inlet was first sighted from the air and roughly mapped by the United States Antarctic Service, 1939–41, and was resighted and photographed from the air by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE), 1947–48. It was remapped from the RARE photos by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960, and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after German composer Felix Mendelssohn.
Endozoicomonas gorgoniicola
Endozoicomonas gorgoniicola is a Gram-negative and facultative anaerobic bacterium from the genus Endozoicomonas. Individual cells are motile and rod-shaped. Bacteria in this genus are symbionts of coral. E. gorgoniicola live specifically with soft coral (family Gorgoniidae) and were originally isolated from a species of Plexaura, an octocoral, off the coast of Bimini in the Bahamas. The presence of this bacterium in a coral microbiome is associated with coral health.

Bimini
Bimini /ˈbɪmɪniː/ is the westernmost district of the Bahamas and comprises a chain of islands located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) due east of Miami. Bimini is the closest point in the Bahamas to the mainland United States and approximately 210 km (130 mi) west-northwest of Nassau. The population is 2,361 as of the 2022 census.
Kilkis (regional unit)
Kilkis (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Κιλκίς) is one of the regional units of Greece, in the geographic region of Macedonia. It is part of the region of Central Macedonia. Its capital is the city of Kilkis.

Regions of Greece
The regions of Greece (Greek: περιφέρειες, romanized: periféreies) are the country's thirteen second-level administrative entities, counting decentralized administrations of Greece as first-level. Regions are divided into regional units, known as prefectures until 2011.
Turkish breakfast
Turkish breakfast, also known as Kahvaltı in Turkish, refers to the traditional breakfast of Turkey, characterized by a wide variety of small dishes served together, typically blending a multitude of flavors, textures, and food categories. The table is adorned with both sweet and savory items, spanning cheeses, olives, vegetables, local breads, eggs, börek, baklava or other sweet pastries, and more, accompanied by hot beverages such as Turkish tea (çay).

A prominent feature of Turkish culinary culture, kahvaltı is considered one of the most elaborate and social breakfast traditions in the world, celebrated for its diversity, abundance, and the act of bringing individuals together, often extending for several hours during weekends and holidays. In the 21st century, Turkish breakfast has also gained widespread global popularity through tourism in Turkey, social media, Turkish diaspora, and international restaurants.

Tourism in Turkey
Tourism in Turkey is focused largely on a variety of historical sites, and on seaside resorts along its Aegean and Mediterranean Sea coasts. Turkey has also become a popular destination for culture, spa, and health care. In 2023, Turkey was the fifth most visited country in the world.

At its height in 2024, Turkey attracted around 52.6 million foreign tourists with a record tourism revenue of $61.1 billion. The total number fluctuated between around 41 million in 2015, and around 30 million in 2016. However, recovery began in 2017, with the number of foreign visitors increasing to 37.9 million, and in 2018 to 46.1 million visitors.
Noel O'Mahony
Noel O'Mahony (18 December 1939 – 30 May 2013) was a League of Ireland football player and manager. As a player, he won the 1970–71 League of Ireland title with Cork Hibernians and as manager he won the 1992–93 League of Ireland Premier Division with Cork City.

League of Ireland Cup
The League of Ireland Cup, also referred to in Ireland as the 'League Cup', was an annual knockout competition in men's football in Ireland. It was contested by League of Ireland clubs and invited clubs from the lower levels of the Irish football league system. It has been sponsored by Electronic Arts and branded the EA Sports Cup since 2009.

The competition began in 1973–74, replacing the League of Ireland Shield and the Dublin City Cup. It has had several formats since its inception and has been a knock-out competition since 2005. As there was no European qualification for winners of the League of Ireland Cup, it had a lower status than the FAI Cup and was therefore seen as the third most important trophy in the Irish playing season.

The competition was not held in 2020 and 2021 as a result of delays and restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and has yet to resume being held as of 2025.
Rabaza
Rabaza is a musical group from Taolagnaro (Fort Dauphin) on the southern coast of Madagascar. They perform a blend of traditional musical styles, including kilalaka, tsapiky and mangaliba. The group was founded by R. Christo Benny, who had previously founded and co-led the group Hazolahy from 1998 to 2004. The band seeks to revitalize the musical traditions of the southern region of Anosy and primarily uses local instruments like the hazolahy drum, belamaky, pitiky langay, kasaky and langoro. Both albums enjoyed strong success across the island. The band has toured throughout Madagascar and the Indian Ocean islands and has participated in numerous regional music festivals. A song by Rabaza entitled Mifaneva was used in a film "Madagascar: Carnet de Voyage", which was nominated for an Oscar in the category "Best Animated Short Film" in 2011.

Fort-Dauphin (Madagascar)
Fort-Dauphin (Malagasy Tolagnaro or Taolagnaro) is a city (commune urbaine) on the southeast coast of Madagascar. It is the capital of the Anosy Region and of the Taolagnaro District. It has been a port of local importance since the early 1500s. A new port, the Ehoala Port was built in 2006–2009. Fort-Dauphin was the first French settlement in Madagascar.