hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Enemy of the People (book)
Enemy of the People: How Jacob Zuma stole South Africa and how the people fought back (2017) is a book by Adriaan Basson and Pieter du Toit, political journalists from South Africa about the creation by President Jacob Zuma of a patronage network embedded in the South African government; the process of state capture that took place under Zuma's leadership; those that supported Zuma and those that resisted. The book's publisher Jonathan Ball Publishers describes it as the "first definitive account of Zuma’s catastrophic misrule."  The book covers scandals such as the attempt by the Gupta family, on behalf of Jet Airways, to force the state owned carrier South African Airways to relinquish its air route between Johannesburg and Mumbai through the appointment of compliant government ministers.

Jonathan Ball (publishing house)
Jonathan Ball Publishers is a South African publishing house founded in 1976 by Jonathan Ball.

It is best known for publishing and distributing high-quality non-fiction books, including works on South African politics, history, biography, and current affairs, as well as selected fiction titles. The company also acts as the local distributor for several major international publishing imprints, bringing global bestsellers to the South African market.

Jonathan Ball Publishers has worked with some of the country’s most prominent authors and commentators, and its catalogue includes both critical investigative works and popular reads. The head office is in Johannesburg, with additional operations in Cape Town.

Jonathan Ball, the company's founder, died on 3 April 2021.
Mark Vincent
Mark Vincent (born 4 September 1993) is an Australian tenor of operatic pop. Vincent won the third season of Australia's Got Talent in 2009 and immediately signed with Sony Music Australia. As of 2018, Vincent has released seven studio albums and one "best of".

Operatic pop
Operatic pop, pop-opera or popera is a subgenre of pop music that is performed in an operatic singing style or a song, theme or motif from classical music stylized as pop. The subgenre is often performed by classical crossover singers and acts, although that field is much broader in the types of music it encompasses. "Popera" performances, such as those by the Three Tenors, have reached larger audiences and brought in greater profits than typical for operatic music.
Charles H. Pierce
Charles Henry Pierce (February 22, 1875 – March 2, 1944) was a Private in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his actions in the Philippine–American War.

He is buried at Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery in North Hollywood, California.

Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery
Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery and Mortuary is a cemetery and funeral home located at 10621 Victory Boulevard, straddling the border between the Los Angeles neighborhood of North Hollywood and Burbank, California.

The cemetery's East entrance features the Portal of the Folded Wings Shrine to Aviation, the final resting place for aviation pioneers — "barnstormers, daredevils and sundry architects of aviation". The cemetery is south of Hollywood Burbank Airport. It has memorials to Amelia Earhart and others, honoring their accomplishments. The portal features colorful tiled dome and female figures stretching their arms to the heavens. The cemetery was named "Valhalla" for the hall of slain warriors presided over by Odin, the Norse god of war and death, amongst other associations.

Among those interred in Valhalla are celebrities from the entertainment industry.
Brown Chamberlin
Brown Chamberlin (March 26, 1827 – July 13, 1897) was a Quebec lawyer, publisher and political figure. He was a Conservative member of the House of Commons of Canada representing Missisquoi from 1867 to 1870.

He was born in Frelighsburg, Lower Canada in 1827, the son of Brown Chamberlin, a doctor. He studied at McGill College and was called to the bar in 1850. Chamberlin worked as a journalist and was publisher of the Montreal Gazette from 1853 to 1867. He later sold the paper to Richard and Thomas White. He resigned his seat in the House of Commons when he was named Queen's Printer in Ottawa in 1870; Chamberlin held this post until 1891. He served as lieutenant-colonel in the local militia and was named a companion of the Order of St Michael and St George for his role in repelling Fenian raiders at Eccles Hill. He was also a Freemason, and a member of Civil Service Lodge No. 148, in Ottawa. Chamberlin died in Lakefield, Ontario at the age of 70.

King's Printer
The King's Printer (known as the Queen's Printer during the reign of a female monarch) is typically a bureau of the national, state, or provincial government responsible for producing official documents issued by the King-in-Council, Ministers of the Crown, or other departments. The position is defined by letters patent under the royal prerogative in Canada and the United Kingdom.
Musa Mogushkov
Musa Khozh-Akhmatovich Mogushkov (Russian: Муса Хож-Ахматович Могушков; born 6 February 1988) is a Russian judoka. At the 2012 Summer Olympics he competed in the Men's 66 kg, but was defeated in the second round. He also competed in the men's 73 kg event at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.

Judo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 73 kg
The men's 73 kg competition in judo at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo was held on 26 July 2021 at the Nippon Budokan.

The medals for the competition were presented by Thomas Bach, IOC President, Olympic Champion, and Fencing 1976, Germany; and the medalists' bouquets were presented by Marius Vizer, IJU President; Austria.
Crowdsourcing Week
Crowdsourcing Week is a global platform committed to helping organizations, innovators and entrepreneurs transition into a more open, connected, and socially productive society enabled by the Internet and online tools powered by the crowds. The company highlights the importance of people-powered or crowd economy practices such as crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, collaborative consumption, sharing economy, and open innovation and among others through global conferences, summits and advisory services, CSW2.

Sharing economy
The sharing economy is a socio-economic system whereby consumers share in the creation, production, distribution, trade and consumption of goods, and services. These systems take a variety of forms, often leveraging information technology and the Internet, particularly digital platforms, to facilitate the distribution, sharing and reuse of excess capacity in goods and services.

It can be facilitated by nonprofit organizations, usually based on the concept of book-lending libraries, in which goods and services are provided for free (or sometimes for a modest subscription) or by commercial entities, in which a company provides a service to customers for profit.

It relies on the will of the users to share and the overcoming of stranger danger.

It provides benefits, for example can lower the GHG emissions of products by 77%-85%.
Ichnofauna
Ichnofauna is the diversity of fauna based on the ichnological (tracks and footprints) evidences. This term is often used by vertebrate paleontologists.

Ichnofauna often uses parataxonomical names for tracks such as Deltapodus, Eubrontes, or Cruziana. Ichnofauna does not give a true content of the fauna assemblage, because of bias of preservation.

Animal track
An animal track is an imprint left behind in soil, snow, or mud, or on some other ground surface, by an animal walking across it. Animal tracks are used by hunters in tracking their prey and by naturalists to identify animals living in a given area.
Ołużna
Ołużna [ɔˈwuʐna] (German: Seefeld) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gościno, within Kołobrzeg County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) south of Kołobrzeg and 99 km (62 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Kołobrzeg County
Kołobrzeg County (Polish: powiat kołobrzeski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is Kołobrzeg, which lies on the coast 106 kilometres (66 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. Its only other town is Gościno.

The county covers an area of 725.86 square kilometres (280.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population was 76,089, out of which the population of Kołobrzeg was 44,794 and the rural population was 31,295.
Thomas Lockhart (MP)
Thomas Lockhart (1739 – 22 July 1775) was a Scottish lawyer and politician.

Lockhart was the oldest son of Alexander Lockhart, Dean of the Faculty of Advocates. He was educated at the University of Edinburgh, University of St Andrews, at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, at the Inner Temple and at Leiden University.

He became a barrister at the English bar, and in 1771 he was elected to the House of Commons of Great Britain at the Member of Parliament (MP) for Elgin Burghs. A supporter of the administration of Frederick North, he was an infrequent speaker in debates. Lockhart was defeated at the 1774 general election and an election petition lodged on his behalf was rejected after arriving a day too late.

1774 British general election
The 1774 British general election returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 14th Parliament of Great Britain to be held, after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707. Lord North's government was returned with a large majority. The opposition consisted of factions supporting the Marquess of Rockingham and William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham, both of whom referred to themselves as Whigs. North's opponents referred to his supporters as Tories, but no Tory party existed at the time and his supporters rejected the label.
Myrina (Aeolis)
Myrina (Ancient Greek: Μυρίνα) was one of the Aeolian cities on the western coast of Mysia, about 40 stadia to the southwest of Gryneion. The former bishopric is now a Latin Catholic titular see.

Its site is believed to be occupied by the modern Sandarlik at the mouth of the Koca Çay, near the town of Aliağa in İzmir Province, in the Aegean Region of Turkey, near Kalavasari.

İzmir Province
İzmir Province (Turkish: İzmir ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey in western Anatolia, situated along the Aegean coast. Its capital is the city of İzmir, which is in itself composed of the province's central 11 districts out of 30 in total. To the west, it is surrounded by the Aegean Sea, and it encloses the Gulf of Izmir. Its area is 11,891 square kilometres (4,591 square miles), and its population is 4,462,056 (2022). Neighboring provinces are Balıkesir to the north, Manisa to the east, and Aydın to the south. The traffic code of the province is 35.

Major rivers of the province include the Küçük Menderes river, Koca Çay (with Güzelhisar dam), and Bakırçay.
Beautiful Girls (film)
Beautiful Girls is a 1996 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Ted Demme and written by Scott Rosenberg. Its story follows New York jazz pianist Willie Conway, as he heads back to his hometown of Knight's Ridge, Massachusetts for his high school reunion, where he finds his friends evaluating their lives and relationships.

The film stars Matt Dillon, Noah Emmerich, Lauren Holly, Timothy Hutton, Rosie O'Donnell, Martha Plimpton, Natalie Portman, Michael Rapaport, Mira Sorvino and Uma Thurman. It was produced by Cary Woods and was released on February 9, 1996, by Miramax Films. It received positive reviews and grossed $27 million worldwide.

Miramax
Miramax, LLC, formerly known as Miramax Films, is an American film and television production and distribution company owned by Qatari state-owned beIN Media Group and Paramount Pictures. Based in Los Angeles, California, it was founded in 1979, by brothers Harvey and Bob Weinstein.

Miramax was a leading producer and distributor of independent films until it was acquired by The Walt Disney Company on June 30, 1993. In 2010, Disney sold Miramax to Filmyard Holdings, a joint venture of Colony NorthStar, Tutor-Saliba Corporation and Qatar Investment Authority. In March 2016, Miramax was sold to beIN Media Group, which later sold a 49% stake to ViacomCBS (now known as Paramount Skydance) on April 3, 2020.
Michal Šeda
Michal Šeda (born October 15, 1982) is a Czech former professional ice hockey defenceman. He played in the Czech Extraliga for HC Pardubice, the Slovak Extraliga for HC Košice and the Ligue Magnus for Scorpions de Mulhouse.

Ligue Magnus
The Ligue Magnus, currently known as Synerglace Ligue Magnus for sponsorship reasons, is the top men's division of the French ice hockey pyramid, established in 1906. The league operated under a variety of names before taking that of its championship trophy, the Magnus Cup, in 2004. The trophy was in turn named for Frenchman and IIHF founder Louis Magnus.

Teams from the Ligue Magnus can participate in the IIHF's annual Champions Hockey League (CHL), competing for the European Trophy. Participation is based on the strength of the various leagues in Europe (excluding the Eurasian Kontinental Hockey League). Going into the 2022–23 CHL season, the Ligue Magnus was ranked the No. 9 league in Europe, allowing them to send their top team to compete in the CHL.
Weymann W-1
The Weymann W-1 was a French single seat biplane fighter aircraft, built during World War I. It had a most unusual layout, with an engine buried in the fuselage driving a pusher configuration propeller behind a cruciform tail. It was not successful and soon abandoned.

Propeller (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, an aircraft propeller, also called an airscrew, converts rotary motion from an engine or other power source into a swirling slipstream which pushes the propeller forwards or backwards. It comprises a rotating power-driven hub, to which are attached several radial airfoil-section blades such that the whole assembly rotates about a longitudinal axis. The blade pitch may be fixed, manually variable to a few set positions, or of the automatically variable "constant-speed" type.

The propeller attaches to the power source's driveshaft either directly or through reduction gearing. Propellers can be made from wood, metal or composite materials.

Propellers are only useful at subsonic airspeeds generally below about 480 mph (770 km/h), although a speed of Mach 1.01 in a dive was achieved, with a propeller efficiency of 78%, by the McDonnell XF-88B experimental propeller-equipped aircraft.
Bill Cunningham (Canadian photographer)
Bill Cunningham (1909–1993) was a Canadian photographer.

He was born in 1909 in British Columbia. In 1924 he graduated from Vancouver College. He was hired by the local Vancouver Sun in 1939, at the age of 31 years. In 1944, Cunningham joined another paper named the Vancouver Province. He worked for the Province for 27 years.

After he retired from the Province in 1973, he established a solo career until his death in 1993, at the age of 84. He is survived by five daughters and one son.

Vancouver Sun
The Vancouver Sun, also known as the Sun, is a daily broadsheet newspaper based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The newspaper is published by the Pacific Newspaper Group, a division of the Postmedia Network. It is published five days a week from Tuesday to Saturday and is the largest newspaper in western Canada by circulation.

The newspaper was first published on 12 February 1912. It quickly expanded by acquiring other papers, such as the Daily News-Advertiser and The Evening World. In 1963, the Cromie family sold the majority of its holdings in the Sun to FP Publications, who later sold the newspaper to Southam Inc. in 1980. The newspaper was taken over by Hollinger Inc. in 1992, and was later sold again to CanWest in 2000. In 2010, the newspaper became part of the Postmedia Network as a result of the collapse of CanWest.
Marianus II of Arborea
Marianus II (Sardinian: Marianu II; Italian: Mariano II; died 1297) was the Judge of Arborea from 1241 to his death. With skilled military action, he came to control more than half of the island of Sardinia. By his control of the vast central plains and the rich deposits of precious metals, he increased the riches of his Judicate and staved off the general economic decline affecting the rest of Europe at the time.

Sardinian medieval kingdoms
The Judicates, in English also referred to as Sardinian Kingdoms, Sardinian Judgedoms or Judicatures, were independent states that took power in Sardinia in the Middle Ages, between the eleventh and fifteenth centuries. They were sovereign states with summa potestas, each with a ruler called judge (judike in Sardinian), with the powers of a king.
Golobinjek ob Sotli
Golobinjek ob Sotli (pronounced [ɡɔlɔˈbiːnjək ɔp ˈsoːtli], German: Taubendorf) is a settlement on the right bank of the Sotla River in the Municipality of Podčetrtek in eastern Slovenia. The area around Podčetrtek is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Sutla
The Sutla (Croatian: [sûtla]) or Sotla (Slovene: [ˈsóːtla]) is a river flowing through Slovenia and Croatia, mostly forming their border. It is a tributary to the Sava, itself a tributary to the Danube. It is 89 kilometres (55 mi) long and has a watershed area of 584 square kilometres (225 sq mi).
R512 (South Africa)
The R512 is a Regional Route in South Africa that connects Brits, North West with Randburg, Gauteng via the western side of Hartbeespoort. It is an alternative route to the R511 for travel between the Johannesburg Metropole and Brits.

Regional routes (South Africa)
Regional routes (also sometimes known as minor regional routes) are the third category of road in the South African route numbering scheme. They are designated with the letter "R" followed by a three-digit number. They serve as feeders connecting smaller towns to the national and provincial routes. Designation as a regional road does not necessarily imply any particular size of road; they range from gravel roads (like the R340 between Plettenberg Bay and Uniondale) to multi-lane freeways (like the R300 near Cape Town).

Although most regional roads are maintained by provincial road authorities, this is not universally the case; in provinces which lack capacity, some may be under the control of the National Roads Agency (SANRAL), and in urban areas they may be ordinary streets under the control of the municipal roads department. Similarly, some national (N) roads and freeways are under the control of provincial or municipal authorities rather than SANRAL.
Reno CyberKnife
Reno CyberKnife is a cancer treatment center in Reno, Nevada specializing in stereotactic radiosurgery. The center is a service of Saint Mary’s Regional Medical Center and is also a part of Saint Mary’s Brain Tumor Center. Reno CyberKnife is the only provider of CyberKnife technology in northern Nevada and frequently treats prostate and lung cancers and brain tumors.

Cyberknife (device)
The CyberKnife system is a radiation therapy device manufactured by Accuray. The system is used to deliver radiosurgery for the treatment of benign tumors, malignant tumors and other medical conditions.
Sams Valley, Oregon
Sams Valley is an unincorporated community in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. It lies along Oregon Route 234 northeast of Gold Hill, in the Medford area.

Originally named "Moonville", the community takes its name from a valley that was named after Chief Sam of the Rogue River tribe of Native Americans. Sams Valley had its own post office from 1873 until 1953. Today, the communities of Beagle, Antioch, and Table Rock are all considered part of Sams Valley.

Tututni
The Tututni tribe is a historic Native American tribe, one of Lower Rogue River Athabascan tribes from southwestern Oregon who signed the 1855 Coast Treaty, and were removed to the Siletz Indian Reservation in Oregon. They traditionally lived along the Rogue River and its tributaries, near the Pacific Coast between the Coquille River on the north and Chetco River in the south.
Lower Rogue River Athabascan (also called Tututni) tribes are a group of Athabascan tribes (the Tututni, Upper Coquille and Shasta Costa) who were historically located in southwestern Oregon in the United States and speak the same Athabascan language, known as Lower Rogue River (or Tututni, or Tututni-Shasta Costa-Coquille).
Blackcomb Peak
Blackcomb Peak (Ucwalmícwts: Tsíqten) is a mountain located east of Whistler, British Columbia that forms the boundary between the Whistler Blackcomb ski resort and Garibaldi Provincial Park. Like Whistler Mountain, it is located on the edge of Garibaldi Provincial Park and the ski lifts are often used to access the park, particularly for the Spearhead Traverse.

Several ski runs are established on the mountain, with Whistler Village at the base of the mountain on the side facing Whistler Mountain, and Blackcomb Village below the opposite face. The 2010 Winter Olympics sliding sports including Bobsleigh, Luge and Skeleton took place on its slopes, at the Whistler Sliding Centre located on it.

Lillooet language
Lillooet (/ˈlɪloʊɛt/; Lillooet: St̓át̓imcets / Sƛ̓aƛ̓imxǝc, [ˈʃt͡ɬʼæt͡ɬʼjəmxət͡ʃ]), also Lil’wat, is a Salishan language of the Interior branch spoken by the Stʼatʼimc in southern British Columbia, Canada, around the middle Fraser and Lillooet Rivers. The language of the Lower Lillooet people uses the name Ucwalmícwts, because St̓át̓imcets means "the language of the people of Sat̓", i.e. the Upper Lillooet of the Fraser River.

Lillooet is a critically endangered language with around 120 fluent speakers and 393 semi-speakers. In 2022, there was a reported 1092 people learning the language.
Rush Brook
Rush Brook is a tributary of the Lackawanna River in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 5.1 miles (8.2 km) long and flows through Greenfield Township, Scott Township, Carbondale Township, Mayfield, and Jermyn. The watershed of the stream has an area of 6.01 square miles (15.6 km2). The stream is not considered to be impaired and all but its lower reaches are mostly undisturbed. However, Pennsylvania Route 107 is in its vicinity. The stream begins on the Allegheny Plateau and flows through a water gap. It is a perennial stream.

Lakes in the watershed of Rush Brook include Heart Lake and the Rush Brook Reservoir. The stream is the main source of flooding in the borough of Jermyn. A number of bridges have been constructed across the stream. The drainage basin is designated as a Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery. Wild trout naturally reproduce in a portion of the stream's length.

Carbondale Township, Pennsylvania
Carbondale Township is a township in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania and is respectively named for the adjoining city of Carbondale. The township is located near Scranton. The population was 1,126 at the 2020 census.  The village of Childs is located in Carbondale township.