hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A. Pauliah
A. Pauliah was an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly as an Indian National Congress (Organisation) candidate from the Colachel constituency in the 1971 election and as an Indian National Congress candidate in the 1989 and 1991 elections.

1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The ninth legislative assembly election of Tamil Nadu was held on 21 January 1989. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) won the election and its leader M. Karunanidhi became the Chief Minister. It was his third term in office. The DMK was in power only for a short term, as it was dismissed on 31 January 1991 by the Indian Prime minister Chandra Shekhar using Article 356 of the Indian Constitution.
USA Field Hockey
USA Field Hockey is the national governing body for field hockey in the United States. USA Field Hockey is a member organization of the United States Olympic Committee and the International Hockey Federation. The USA Field Hockey Association is headquartered in Colorado Springs, Colorado. It was founded in 1922.

The organization is responsible for the U.S. Men's and Women's National Field Hockey Teams.

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.
Dwight Eastman
Dwight Eastman was the last mayor of West Carleton Township before it was amalgamated into the new City of Ottawa.

Eastman served as mayor of West Carleton from 1995 until 2001. He was elected in the 2000 Ottawa election as city councillor representing the new West Carleton Ward. He served as a city councillor until 2003.

Eastman ran for the Ontario Liberal Party in the 1999 Ontario general election in Lanark—Carleton, but lost to Norm Sterling.

Currently, Eastman serves as a director on the Carleton Landowners Association which favours the separation of rural parts of Ottawa to form a new Carleton County municipality.

Lanark—Carleton (provincial electoral district)
Lanark—Carleton was a provincial electoral district (or riding) in Ontario. It existed for the 1999 and 2003 Ontario general elections.

The riding was created when Ontario's electoral districts were re-drawn to match its federal counterparts. It was created out of parts of Carleton and Lanark-Renfrew. It was abolished into Carleton—Mississippi Mills, Lanark—Frontenac—Lennox and Addington and a small piece going to Ottawa West—Nepean.  The riding consisted of Lanark County and the municipalities of West Carleton and Kanata, which were both amalgamated into Ottawa in 2001.
Collegiate Network
The Collegiate Network (CN) is a program that provides financial and technical assistance to student editors and writers of roughly 100 independent, conservative and libertarian publications at colleges and universities around the United States. Member publications have a combined annual distribution of more than two million.

Since 1995, the CN has been administered by the Intercollegiate Studies Institute (ISI), a nonprofit educational organization that promotes conservative thought on college campuses, headquartered in Wilmington, Delaware.

Binghamton University
The State University of New York at Binghamton (also known as Binghamton University or SUNY Binghamton) is a public research university in Greater Binghamton, New York, United States. It is one of the four university centers in the State University of New York (SUNY) system.

Since its establishment in 1946, the school has evolved from a small liberal arts college to a large research university. It is classified among R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity. Binghamton's athletic teams are the Bearcats and they compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Bearcats are members of the America East Conference.
2023 Laois Senior Hurling Championship
The 2023 Laois Senior Hurling Championship was the 130th staging of the Laois Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Laois County Board in 1888. The draw for the group stage placings took place in March 2023. The championship ran from 19 July to 8 October 2023.

Clough–Ballacolla entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Camross at the semi-final stage. Borris-in-Ossory/Kilcotton, who had contested three of the previous four finals, were relegated after being beaten by The Harps in a relegation playoff.

The final was played on 8 October 2023 at Laois Hire O'Moore Park in Port Laoise, between Camross and Abbeyleix St Lazarian's, in what was their second meeting in the final overall and a first meeting in 78 years. Camross won the match by 4–18 to 0–14 to claim their 27th championship title overall and a first title in five years.

Clough–Ballacolla's Stephen Maher was the championship's top scorer with 4-51.

Laois GAA
The Laois County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Luthchleas Gael Coiste Laois) or Laois GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Laois. The county board is also responsible for the Laois county teams.

The county football team contested the second ever All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC) final in 1889. In 1926, the county won the final of the first National Football League competition, defeating Dublin. 1936 brought the team's only other appearance in an All-Ireland SFC decider.

The county hurling team won an All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) in 1915.
Storm Riders (TV series)
Storm Riders is a reality television series following two meteorologists as they travel across the Great Plains and East Coast of the United States in search of thunderstorms, tornadoes, and other severe weather. Storm Riders was aired on The Weather Channel, and it was included on the channel's Tornado Week programming.

Severe weather
Severe weather is any dangerous meteorological phenomenon with the potential to cause damage, serious social disruption, or loss of life. These vary depending on the latitude, altitude, topography, and atmospheric conditions. High winds, hail, excessive precipitation, and wildfires are forms and effects, as are thunderstorms, downbursts, tornadoes, waterspouts, tropical cyclones, and extratropical cyclones. Regional and seasonal phenomena include blizzards, snowstorms, ice storms, and duststorms.

Severe weather is one type of extreme weather, which includes unexpected, unusual, severe, or unseasonal weather and is by definition rare for that location or time of the year. Due to the effects of climate change, the frequency and intensity of some of the extreme weather events are increasing, for example, heatwaves and droughts.: 9
Jagannath Prasad Das (psychologist)
Jagannath Prasad Das (20 January 1931 – 19 October 2025) was an Indian-Canadian educational psychologist who specialised in educational psychology, intelligence and childhood development. Among his contributions to psychology are the PASS theory of intelligence and the Das-Naglieri Cognitive Assessment System. Das was the Director of the JP Das Developmental Disabilities Centre at the University of Alberta. He formally retired in 1996 and was an Emeritus Director of the Centre on Developmental and Learning Disabilities and an Emeritus Professor of Educational Psychology at the University of Alberta. He was a member of the Royal Society of Canada, he was also inducted into the Order of Canada and has an Honorary Doctorate degree from the University of Vigo in Spain.

Intelligence
Intelligence (/ˌɪntɛlɪˈdʒəns/) has been defined in many ways: the capacity for abstraction, logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning, creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving. It can be described as the ability to perceive or infer information and to retain it as knowledge to be applied to adaptive behaviors within an environment or context.

The term rose to prominence during the early 1900s. Most psychologists believe that intelligence can be divided into various domains or competencies.

Intelligence has been long-studied in humans, and across numerous disciplines. It has also been observed in the cognition of non-human animals. Some researchers have suggested that plants exhibit forms of intelligence, though this remains controversial.
Lamiya Morshed
Lamiya Morshed is a Bangladeshi social development professional, known for her work in the fields of microcredit and social business. On 14 August 2024, she was appointed as the principal coordinator for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at the Chief Adviser's Office in Bangladesh.

Chief Adviser of Bangladesh
The chief adviser of Bangladesh, officially the chief adviser of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is the chief executive of the caretaker and the interim government of Bangladesh, who serves as the head of government during the transition period between one elected government and another. With powers roughly equivalent to those of the prime minister of an elected government, their executive power is limited by the constitution. The chief adviser leads an advisory committee comprising several advisers (equivalent to a minister), all of them selected from among politically neutral individuals to be acceptable to all major political parties. The office of the chief adviser is called Chief Adviser's Office.
Daniel Newcomb
Daniel Newcomb (or Newcome; April 17, 1747 – July 14, 1818) was a New Hampshire politician and judge who served as a justice of the New Hampshire Supreme Court from 1796 to 1798.

Born in Norton, Massachusetts, to Jonathan and Elizabeth (Copeland) Newcomb, Newcomb graduated from Harvard College in 1768 and studied law in Boston to gain admission to the bar there in October 1778. He moved to Keene, New Hampshire, the same year to enter the practice of law.

In 1783 his practice was large and he "became a man of note and influence". In 1789 he was appointed solicitor of the county of Cheshire, and in 1790 a judge of the court of common pleas, from which he resigned October 2, 1793. He was a member of the convention to revise the constitution of the state in 1791 and 1792. In 1796 he was commissioned a justice of the Superior Court and served until his resignation in 1798. In 1795, 1800 and 1805 he was a member of the New Hampshire Senate.

He died at Keene at the age of 71.

Admission to practice law
An admission to practice law is occupational licensing required to practice law. In jurisdictions with two types of lawyer, as with barristers and solicitors, barristers must gain admission to the bar whereas for solicitors there are distinct practising certificates.

Becoming a lawyer is a widely varied process around the world. Common to all jurisdictions are requirements of age and competence; some jurisdictions also require documentation of citizenship or immigration status. However, the most varied requirements are those surrounding the preparation for the license, whether it includes obtaining a law degree, passing an exam, or serving in an apprenticeship. In English, admission is also called a law license. Basic requirements vary from country to country, as described below.

In some jurisdictions, after admission the lawyer needs to maintain a current practising certificate to be permitted to offer services to the public.
Maine Central class L 4-4-0
Maine Central Railroad Class L locomotives were intended for main line passenger service. They were of 4-4-0 wheel arrangement in the Whyte notation, or "2'B" in UIC classification. They were transferred to branch line passenger service as replaced by class N 4-6-0 locomotives beginning in 1899. Ten numbered 191 to 201 survived United States Railroad Administration operations to appear on a 1923 roster. All were retired between 1925 and 1947 and were scrapped from 1945-1955 . None were preserved.

United States Railroad Administration
The United States Railroad Administration (USRA) was the name of the nationalized railroad system of the United States between December 28, 1917, and March 1, 1920. It was the largest American experiment with nationalization, and was undertaken against a background of war emergency following American entry into World War I. During its brief existence, the USRA made major investments in the United States railroad system, and introduced standardized locomotive and railroad car classes, known as USRA standard. After the end of World War I, while some in the United States advocated for continuing nationalization, ultimately the railroads were returned to their previous owners in early 1920.
The Boys from Boise (TV program)
The Boys from Boise was a television special that aired on the DuMont Network on September 28, 1944, on its New York City affiliate WABD. The special, a musical written and composed by Sam Medoff, was the first such production ever commissioned for television.: 4

WNYW
WNYW (channel 5) is a television station in New York City. It is the flagship station of the Fox television network, owned and operated through its Fox Television Stations division. Under common ownership with Secaucus, New Jersey–licensed MyNetworkTV flagship WWOR-TV (channel 9), the two stations share studios at the Fox Television Center on East 67th Street in Manhattan's Lenox Hill neighborhood; WNYW's transmitter is located at One World Trade Center.
Monte Burney
52°20′S 73°24′W﻿ / ﻿52.33°S 73.4°W﻿ / -52.33; -73.4
Monte Burney is a volcano in southern Chile, part of its Austral Volcanic Zone which consists of six volcanoes with activity during the Quaternary. This volcanism is linked to the subduction of the Antarctic Plate beneath the South America Plate and the Scotia Plate.

Monte Burney is formed by a caldera with a glaciated stratovolcano on its rim. This stratovolcano in turn has a smaller caldera. An eruption is reported for 1910, with less certain eruptions in 1970 and 1920.

Tephra analysis has yielded evidence for many eruptions during the Pleistocene and Holocene, including two large explosive eruptions during the early and mid-Holocene. These eruptions deposited significant tephra layers over Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego.

Explosive eruption
In volcanology, an explosive eruption is a volcanic eruption of the most violent type. A notable example is the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. Such eruptions result when sufficient gas has dissolved under pressure within a viscous magma such that expelled lava violently froths into volcanic ash when pressure is suddenly lowered at the vent. Sometimes a lava plug will block the conduit to the summit, and when this occurs, eruptions are more violent. Explosive eruptions can expel as much as 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) per second of rocks, dust, gas and pyroclastic material, averaged over the duration of eruption, that travels at several hundred meters per second as high as 20 km (12 mi) into the atmosphere. This cloud may subsequently collapse, creating a fast-moving pyroclastic flow of hot volcanic matter.
Yuri Krylov
Yuri Nikolaevich Krylov (Russian: Юрий Николаевич Крылов; March 11, 1930 in Krasnogorsk, Soviet Union – November 4, 1979) was an ice hockey player who played in the Soviet Championship League for HC Dynamo Moscow. Internationally he played for the Soviet national team at the 1956 Winter Olympics, winning the gold medal. He was inducted into the Russian and Soviet Hockey Hall of Fame in 1954.

Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast
Krasnogorsk (Russian: Красногорск, IPA: [krəsnɐˈgorsk]) is a city and the administrative center of Krasnogorsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Moskva River, adjacent to the northwestern boundary of Moscow. It has a population of 187,634 (2021 census);
1999 Riojan regional election
The 1999 Riojan regional election was held on Sunday, 13 June 1999, to elect the 5th Parliament of the autonomous community of La Rioja. All 33 seats in the Parliament were up for election. It was held concurrently with regional elections in twelve other autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain, as well as the 1999 European Parliament election.

In a turnout below 69%, the People's Party (PP) under incumbent President Pedro Sanz was re-elected for a second term in office with an increased absolute majority. The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) under former president José Ignacio Pérez Sáenz saw a slight increase in support, but the new PP majority meant that the party would remain in opposition. United Left (IU) failed to reach the 5% electoral threshold, resulting in the loss of all its 2 seats, while the Riojan Party (PR) maintained its 2 seats.

1999 Spanish local elections
The 1999 Spanish local elections were held on Sunday, 13 June 1999, to elect all 65,201 councillors in the 8,104 municipalities of Spain and all 1,034 seats in 38 provincial deputations. They were held concurrently with regional elections in thirteen autonomous communities, as well as local elections in the three foral deputations of the Basque Country, the ten island councils in the Balearic and Canary Islands and the 1999 European Parliament election.
Doratodesmus
Doratodesmus is a is a genus of flat-backed millipedes in the family Haplodesmidae. These millipedes are found in China, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. This genus includes two species that are notable for including adult males with only 18 segments (counting the collum as the first and the telson as the last) rather than the 20 segments normally observed in the order Polydesmida: D. hispidus features only 18 segments in adults of each sex, whereas D. pholeter exhibits sexual dimorphism in segment number, with 19 segments in adult females but only 18 segments in adult males.

Telson
The telson (from Ancient Greek  τέλσον 'headlands, limit') is the hindmost division of the body of an arthropod. Depending on the definition, the telson is either considered to be the final segment of the arthropod body, or an additional division that is not a true segment on account of not arising in the embryo from teloblast areas as other segments. It never carries any appendages, but a forked "tail" called the caudal furca may be present. The shape and composition of the telson differs between arthropod groups.
Uthara Unnikrishnan
Uthara Unnikrishnan (born 11th June 2004) is an Indian playback singer. In 2015, she won India's National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer at the 62nd National Film Awards for her rendition of the song "Azhagu" from the 2014 Tamil film Saivam, a family drama directed by A. L. Vijay. She received the award at the age of 10, becoming its youngest recipient.

A. L. Vijay
A. L. Vijay (18 June 1979), known professionally as Vijay, is an Indian film director and screenwriter who works in the Tamil film industry. An assistant director with Priyadarshan, he debuted as director through the film Kireedam (2007), and gained popularity through the films Madrasapattinam (2010) and Deiva Thirumagal (2011).
Martin Yates
Martin Yates (born 1958 in London) is a British conductor. After attending Kimbolton School, he studied at the Royal College of Music and Trinity College of Music, London, where his teachers included Bernard Keeffe (conducting), Richard Arnell (composition), Ian Lake, Jakob Kaletsky and Alan Rowlands (piano), and Douglas Moore and John Burden (French horn).

Will Tuckett
Will Tuckett (born 1969) is an English director and choreographer, who has created works for many international companies including the Royal Ballet, The National Ballet of Canada, and English National Ballet.
Conflict resolution
Conflict resolution is conceptualized as the methods and processes involved in facilitating the peaceful ending of conflict and retribution. Committed group members attempt to resolve group conflicts by actively communicating information about their conflicting motives or ideologies to the rest of group (e.g., intentions; reasons for holding certain beliefs) and by engaging in collective negotiation. Dimensions of resolution typically parallel the dimensions of conflict in the way the conflict is processed. Cognitive resolution is the way disputants understand and view the conflict, with beliefs, perspectives, understandings and attitudes. Emotional resolution is in the way disputants feel about a conflict, the emotional energy. Behavioral resolution is reflective of how the disputants act, their behavior. Ultimately a wide range of methods and procedures for addressing conflict exist, including negotiation, mediation, mediation-arbitration, diplomacy, and creative peacebuilding.

Ideology
An ideology is a set of beliefs or values attributed to a person or group of persons, especially those held for reasons that are not purely about belief in certain knowledge, in which "practical elements are as prominent as theoretical ones". Formerly applied primarily to economic, political, or religious theories and policies, in a tradition going back to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, more recent use treats the term as mainly condemnatory.

The term was coined by Antoine Destutt de Tracy, a French Enlightenment aristocrat and philosopher, who conceived it in 1796 as the "science of ideas" to develop a rational system of ideas to oppose the irrational impulses of the mob. In political science, the term is used in a descriptive sense to refer to political belief systems.
Esta historia me suena season 6
The sixth season of Esta historia me suena (shown onscreen as Esta historia me suena: Vol. 6) premiered on Las Estrellas on 10 July 2023. The season is produced by Genoveva Martínez for TelevisaUnivision. The season tackles current situations including femicide, drug addiction, and relationships between same-sex couples. The series theme song is now performed by Paty Cantú.

TelevisaUnivision
TelevisaUnivision (formerly known as Univision Communications) is a Mexican–American media company, headquartered in Mexico City and New York City that owns American Spanish-language broadcast network Univision and free-to-air channels in Mexico such as Las Estrellas, El 5*, N+ Foro, and NU9VE alongside a collection of specialty television channels and production studios. 45% of the company is held by the Mexican telecommunications and broadcasting company Grupo Televisa, which was a major programming partner for Univision until the company sold their content assets to Univision Communications in 2022.

Since its founding in the early 1960s as Spanish International Network (SIN), the United States' first Spanish language television network, the company has catered to Hispanic and Latino Americans. It is currently a multimedia conglomerate, with free-to-air and specialty, digital and audio networks, including 65 television stations, online and mobile apps and products.