hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Culture of the Umayyad Caliphate
As the second established caliphate, following the early Muslim conquests beginning in 622 CE, the Umayyads captured and occupied the former Byzantine and Sasanian Empires, from the Iberian Peninsula in the west to Transoxiana and Sindh in the east until 750 CE (its offshoot persisted in Spain until 1031 CE) This initial period was catalyzed after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and marked the formative years of Islamic artand Islamic architecture.

Sind (caliphal province)
Sindh was a province of the Umayyad Caliphate and later of the Abbasid Caliphate from around 711 CE with the Islamic conquest of Sindh by Muhammad ibn al-Qasim, to around 854 CE with the emergence of the independent dynasties of the Habbarid Emirate in Sindh proper and the Emirate of Multan in Punjab. The "Governor of Sindh" (Arabic: عامل السند, romanized: ‘āmil al-Sind) was an official who administered the caliphal province over what are now Sindh, southern Punjab and Makran (Balochistan) in Pakistan.

The governor was the chief Muslim official in the province and was responsible for maintaining security in the region. As the leader of the provincial military, he was also in charge of carrying out campaigns against the non-Muslim kingdoms of India. Governors appointed to the region were selected either directly by the caliph or by an authorized subordinate, and remained in office until they either died or were dismissed.
Marie Curie: The Courage of Knowledge
Marie Curie: The Courage of Knowledge (Polish: Maria Skłodowska-Curie; French and German title: Marie Curie) is a 2016 internationally co-produced drama film directed by Marie Noëlle. It was screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival. It made its United States premiere at the New York Jewish Film Festival in 2017.

Paul Langevin
Paul Langevin (23 January 1872 – 19 December 1946) was a French physicist who developed Langevin dynamics and the Langevin equation. He was one of the founders of the Comité de vigilance des intellectuels antifascistes, an anti-fascist organization created after the 6 February 1934 far right riots. Being a public opponent of fascism in the 1930s resulted in his arrest and being held under house arrest by the Vichy government for most of World War II. Langevin was also president of the Human Rights League (LDH) from 1944 to 1946, having recently joined the French Communist Party.

He was a doctoral student of Pierre Curie and later a lover of widowed Marie Curie. He is also known for his two US patents with Constantin Chilowsky in 1916 and 1917 involving ultrasonic submarine detection. He is entombed at the Panthéon.
Cross of the Home Army
The Cross of the Home Army (Polish: Krzyż Armii Krajowej) is a Polish military decoration that was introduced by General Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski on 1 August 1966 to commemorate the efforts of the soldiers of the Polish Secret State between 1939 and 1945. The decoration was awarded to soldiers of the Home Army (Armia Krajowa) and of its predecessor organizations (Służba Zwycięstwu Polski, Związek Walki Zbrojnej).

The first recipient (posthumous) was General Stefan Grot–Rowecki.

The award was supported by the Polish government in exile in London and was not recognized by the People's Republic of Poland, which viewed members of the mostly anti-communist Armia Krajowa as enemies of the state.  After the fall of communism, in 1992 it was recognized by the government of Poland and was awarded by the president of Poland until 8 May 1999.

President of Poland
The president of Poland (Polish: Prezydent Polski [ˈprɛ.zɘ.dɛnt ˈpɔl.ski]), officially the president of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej (Prezydent RP)code: pol promoted to code: pl ), is the head of state of Poland. The president's prerogatives and duties are determined in the Constitution of Poland. The president jointly exercises the executive power together with the Council of Ministers headed by the prime minister. The president has a right to dissolve both chambers of parliament in certain cases determined by the constitution, can veto legislation, represents the Republic on the international stage, and is the commander-in-chief of the nation's Armed Forces.
Maksim Glushenkov
Maksim Aleksandrovich Glushenkov (Russian: Максим Александрович Глушенков; born 28 July 1999) is a Russian professional footballer who plays for Zenit Saint Petersburg and the Russia national team. He plays as a right winger or centre forward.

PFC Krylia Sovetov Samara
PFC Krylia Sovetov Samara (Russian: Профессиональный футбольный клуб «Крылья Советов» Самара) is a Russian professional football club based in Samara that plays in the Russian Premier League. In 2004, they finished third in the Russian Premier League.
Bhoe Asal
Bhoe Asal  (Urdu: بهوۓ آصل), is a town and Union Council of Kasur District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is on the Lahore-Karachi railway track and on Pattoki-Raiwind Road. The town is in close proximity to Changa Manga, Pakistan's biggest planted forest. Bhoe Asal railway station here takes its name from the town, which is situated between Kot Radha Kishan and Changa Manga.

Kot Radha Kishan
Kot Radha Kishan is a city and Tehsil headquarters of Kot Radha Kishan Tehsil in Kasur District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The city is administratively subdivided into four Union councils. It was formerly part of Kasur Tehsil and has now been upgraded to a tehsil of Kasur district due to the growing population of the area. It is located at 31°10'21N 74°5'59E at an altitude of 193 metres. Kot Radha Kishan is also called 'City of Containers and Leather'.
Sean Williams (ethnomusicologist)
Sean Williams (born 1959, Berkeley, California) is an ethnomusicologist who teaches at The Evergreen State College in Olympia, Washington.

Her primary areas of teaching include music, Irish studies, and Asian studies; she leads the Sundanese music ensembles Gamelan Degung Girijaya (Enduring Mountain Gamelan) and Angklung Buncis Sukahejo. She received a BA in classical guitar performance from UC Berkeley in 1981, and an MA (on Irish-language singing, 1985) and Ph.D. (on music in West Java, Indonesia, 1990) in ethnomusicology from the University of Washington (Seattle). Her first teaching jobs were part-time at the University of Washington, then she was hired as a Visiting Assistant Professor at Columbia University in New York City in 1990-1991. In 1991 she was hired at The Evergreen State College. She has also taught on the Semester at Sea, in a faculty exchange program through the University of Hyōgo, and at several adult music camps.

Sundanese people
The Sundanese (Sundanese: ᮅᮛᮀ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ, romanized: Urang Sunda; Indonesian: Orang Sunda) are an Austronesian ethnic group native to western part of Java island in Indonesia, with the term Tatar Pasundan (ᮒᮒᮁ ᮕᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓᮔ᮪) or Pasundan (ᮕᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓᮔ᮪) which covers most of the administrative areas of the provinces of West Java, Banten, and western part of Central Java. They number approximately 42 million and form Indonesia's second largest ethnic group, and the fourth largest in Southeast Asia. They speak the Sundanese language, which is part of the Austronesian languages.

Sundanese migrants can also be found in Lampung, South Sumatra, and, to a lesser extent, in Central Java and East Java.
The Sundanese people can also be found on several other islands in Indonesia such as Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali and Papua.
Elizabethan Baroque
Elizabethan Baroque (Russian: Елизаветинское барокко, romanized: Yelizavetinskoye barokko or Elizavetinskoe barokko) is a term for the Russian Baroque architectural style, developed during the reign of Elizabeth of Russia between 1741 and 1762. It is also called style Rocaille or Rococo style. The Italian architect Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli is the key figure of this trend, which is still given the name 'Rastrellian Baroque'. The Russian architect Savva Chevakinsky is also a renowned figure representing this style.

Rocaille
Rocaille (US: /roʊˈkaɪ, rɒˈkaɪ/ ro(h)-KY, French: [ʁɔkɑj]) was a French style of elaborate design that appeared in furniture and interior decoration during the early reign of Louis XV. A reaction against the heaviness and formality of the Louis XIV style, it featured an abundance of curves, counter-curves, undulations, and elements modeled on nature. Beginning around 1710, it reached its peak in the 1730s, and came to an end in the late 1750s when it was replaced by Neoclassicism. It marked the beginning of the French Baroque movement in furniture and design, as well as the beginning of the Rococo movement, which had spread to Italy, Bavaria, and Austria by the mid-18th century.
Barry Moussa Barqué
Barry Moussa Barqué (born 17 November 1942) is a Togolese politician who served in the government of Togo under President Gnassingbé Eyadéma for most of the period from 1979 to 1999. He was elected President of the Senate on 2 April 2025.

Tône Prefecture
Tône is a prefecture located in the Savanes Region of Togo. The prefecture covers 1,210 km2, with a population in 2022 of 388,775. The prefecture seat is located in Dapaong. The cantons (or subdivisions) of Tône include Dapaong; − Kantindi, Bidjenga, Tami, Lotogou, Warkambou, Nanergou, Nioukpourma, Pana, Naki-Ouest, Korbongou, Kourientré, Namaré, Louanga, Toaga, Poissongui, Sanfatoute, Natigou.
Kinyanjui
Kinyanjui is a surname of Kenyan origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur Kinyanjui Magugu (1934–2012), Kenyan politician

Kui Kinyanjui, Kenyan reporter

Lee Kinyanjui (born 1972), Kenyan politician

Nephat Kinyanjui (born 1977), Kenyan long-distance runner

Kinyanjui Kombani (born 1981), Kenyan author

Lee Kinyanjui
Lee Maiyani Kinyanjui is a Kenyan politician, currently serving as the Cabinet Secretary in the Ministry of Investments, Trade and Industry (MITI). He is the second and immediate former governor  for Nakuru County.
Kojo Seys John Elenitoba-Johnson
Kojo Seys John Elenitoba-Johnson is a Nigerian-American pathologist who works at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. His research considers the role of genomic alteration in the pathogenesis of lymphoma. He was elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2023, and awarded the William L. Gerald Award in 2019.

Blood (journal)
Blood is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by the American Society of Hematology. It was established by William Dameshek in 1946. The journal changed from semimonthly (24 times annually) to weekly publication at the start of 2009. It covers clinical and basic research in all areas of hematology, including disorders of leukocytes, both benign and malignant, erythrocytes, platelets, hemostatic mechanisms, vascular biology, immunology, and hematologic oncology.
Charles de Lasteyrie
Charles de Lasteyrie (1877-1936) was a French banker and politician. He served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1919 to 1924, representing Corrèze, and from 1928 to 1936, representing the Seine department. He served as the French Minister of Finance from 15 January 1922 to 26 March 1924. He died on 28 June 1936.

Chamber of Deputies (France)
The Chamber of Deputies (French: Chambre des députés, [ʃɑ̃bʁ de depyte]) was the lower house of parliament in France at various times in the 19th and 20th centuries:

1814–1848 during the Bourbon Restoration and the July Monarchy, the Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament, elected by census suffrage.

1875–1940 during the French Third Republic, the Chamber of Deputies was the legislative assembly of the French Parliament, elected by two-round system with universal male suffrage. When reunited with the Senate in Versailles, the French Parliament was called the National Assembly (Assemblée nationale) and carried out the election of the president of the French Republic.
Baozou
Baozou (Chinese: 暴走) is a website featuring comics and animations. The Baozou style of comics, originally inspired by rage comics of the US, was popularized in China and later developed into its own style.

Bauzou is an Internet phenomenon, emerging from the specific sociopolitical context of contemporary China, and a staple in Chinese popular online culture, arguably triggering the meme subculture in China.

Still or animated Baozou figures are created and used as emoticons to depict simple and crude visuals used in electronic or web messages. Internet users often use Baozou figures in parody of a range of different emotions. Baozou (which roughly translates to "out of control" or rage in Chinese) also produces Baozou Big News Events, a popular humorous show covering news, literature, history, psychology, politics, chemistry and biology.

Rage comic
A rage comic is a short cartoon strip using a growing set of pre-made cartoon faces, or rage faces, which usually express rage or some other simple emotion or activity. They are usually crudely drawn in Microsoft Paint or other simple drawing programs, and were most popular in the early 2010s. These webcomics have spread much in the same way that Internet memes do, and several memes have originated in this medium. They have been characterized by Ars Technica as an "accepted and standardized form of online communication". The popularity of rage comics has been attributed to their use as vehicles for humorizing shared experiences.
Singapore Civil Defence Force
The Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) is a uniformed organisation in Singapore under the Ministry of Home Affairs that provides emergency services such as firefighting, technical rescue, and emergency medical services, and coordinates national civil defence programme.

Technical rescue
Technical rescue is the use of specialised tools and skills for rescue, including but not limited to confined space rescue, rope rescue, trench rescue, structural collapse rescue, ice rescue, swift water rescue, underwater rescue, and cave rescue. These often require specialised rescue squads as they exceed the capabilities of other members of the fire service or emergency medical services (EMS).

In the United States, technical rescues will often have multiple jurisdictions operating together to effect the rescue, and will often use the Incident Command System to manage the incident and resources at the scene. National Fire Protection Association standards NFPA 1006 and NFPA 1670 state that all rescuers must have a minimum of first aid (infection control, bleeding control, shock management) and CPR training to perform any technical rescue operation, including cutting the vehicle itself during an extrication.
District 8 (Chamber of Deputies of Chile)
District 8 (Spanish: Distrito 8) is one of the 28 multi-member electoral districts of the Chamber of Deputies, the lower house of the National Congress, the national legislature of Chile. The district was created by the 2015 electoral reform and came into being at the following general election in 2017. It consists of the communes of Cerrillos, Colina, Estación Central, Lampa, Maipú, Pudahuel, Quilicura and Tiltil in the region of Santiago. The district currently elects eight of the 155 members of the Chamber of Deputies using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2021 general election the district had 1,068,168 registered electors.

Cerrillos, Chile
Cerrillos (English: Hillocks) is a commune of Chile located in a midtown area of Santiago and the southwest of the city — in the Santiago Province, Santiago Metropolitan Region. The commune was created in 1991 from a subdivision of Maipú.
2023–24 Leyton Orient F.C. season
The 2023–24 season is the 125th season in the history of Leyton Orient and their first season back in League One since the 2014–15 season following their promotion from League Two in the previous season. The club are participating in League One, the FA Cup, the EFL Cup, and the 2023–24 EFL Trophy.

2014–15 Leyton Orient F.C. season
The 2014–15 Leyton Orient F.C. season was the 116th season in the history of Leyton Orient Football Club, their 99th in the Football League, and ninth consecutive season in the third tier of the English football league system.

At the end of the season Orient were relegated to League Two after failing to beat Swindon Town on the final day of the season, with Colchester United reaching safety by beating Preston North End.
Bishal Bhattarai
Bishal Bhattarai (born 4 April 1969) in Khotang, Nepal is a Nepalese politician and serving as the Chief Whip of Nepal Communist Party (UML). He is the member of the House of Representatives (Nepal) elected from Khotang. He won the election for the Constituent Assembly in 2065 BS for the first time from Khotang-2.

Federal Parliament of Nepal
The Federal Parliament of Nepal (संघीय संसद नेपाल, Saṅghīya Sansada Nēpāla) is the bicameral federal and supreme legislature of Nepal established in 2018 (2074 BS). It consists of the National Assembly and the House of Representatives as parallel houses.
Curtis Douglas
Curtis Douglas (born March 6, 2000) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player who is a centre for the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted by the 104th overall in the 2018 NHL entry draft by the Dallas Stars.

2018 NHL entry draft
The 2018 NHL entry draft was the 56th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 22–23, 2018, at the American Airlines Center in Dallas, Texas.

The 2018 NHL entry draft was the second of two professional sports drafts to be held in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex during the calendar year, as the Dallas Cowboys hosted the 2018 NFL draft in April.

The first three selections were Rasmus Dahlin by the Buffalo Sabres, Andrei Svechnikov by the Carolina Hurricanes, and Jesperi Kotkaniemi by the Montreal Canadiens.

The 2018 draft featured both the first player trained in the United Kingdom to be drafted in Liam Kirk and the first Jamaican-born player drafted in Jermaine Loewen.

As of 2025 there are 65 active NHL players from this draft.
Lukas Reinken
Lukas Reinken (born 4 December 1995 in Friesoythe) is a German politician serving as a member of the Landtag of Lower Saxony since 2022. He has served as chairman of the Young Union in Oldenburg Land since 2020.

Landtag of Lower Saxony
The Lower Saxon Landtag (Niedersächsischer Landtag) or the Parliament of Lower Saxony is the state diet of the German state of Lower Saxony. It convenes in Hanover and currently consists of 146 members, consisting of four parties. Since 2022 the majority is a coalition of the Social Democratic Party and the Greens, supporting the cabinet of Minister-President Olaf Lies (SPD).
Seven Days to Noon
Seven Days to Noon (also known as Ultimatum) is a 1950 British political thriller film directed and produced by John and Roy Boulting and starring Barry Jones, Olive Sloane and André Morell. It was written by Frank Harvey and Roy Boulting based on a story by Paul Dehn and James Bernard.

The British Prime Minister is blackmailed by a man who has stolen a nuclear weapon and threatens to destroy London.

Political thriller
A political thriller is a thriller that is set against the backdrop of a political power struggle; high stakes and suspense are the core of the story. The genre often forces the audiences to consider and understand the importance of politics. The stakes in these stories are immense, and the fate of a country is often in the hands of one individual. Political corruption, organized crime, terrorism, and warfare are common themes.

Political thrillers can be based on facts such as the assassination of John F. Kennedy or the Watergate Scandal. There is a strong overlap with the conspiracy thriller.
Petra Bauer
Petra Bauer (born 1970) is a Swedish artist and filmmaker. She is Research Leader at the Royal Institute of Art in Stockholm, Sweden. Her art intersects with political and social organizing, especially by women, and includes many collaborations with existing organizations.

Royal Institute of Art
The Royal Institute of Art (Swedish: Kungliga Konsthögskolan) founded in 1735 is an institution in Stockholm, Sweden for higher education in art. The school was part of the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts, until 1978 when it was made independent. It is under the supervision of the Ministry of Education and Research.
Songs from the Heart (Sandi Patty album)
Songs from the Heart is the seventh studio album by Christian gospel singer Sandi Patti, released in 1984 on Impact Records. The album was nominated for Best Gospel Performance, Female at the 27th Annual Grammy Awards and won Inspirational Album at the 16th GMA Dove Awards in 1985. The track "Via Dolorosa" won Song of the Year at the Dove Awards the following year, going to its writers Billy Sprague and Niles Borop. The album peaked at No. 2 on the Billboard Top Christian Albums chart. The album has been certified Gold by the RIAA in 1987. In 1990, Songs from the Heart was re-issued on Word Records.

Impact Records
Impact Records was an American record label founded in 1989 by Carl Sturken and Evan Rogers. It was once a subsidiary of MCA Records. Today, its back catalog remains part of Universal Music Group.

Acts on the label are and/or have included: Sass Jordan, The Fixx, Rythm Syndicate, Michael Learns To Rock, Joey Lawrence, and Southside Johnny and the Asbury Jukes.
2024 BMW Open – Singles
Jan-Lennard Struff defeated Taylor Fritz in the final, 7–5, 6–3 to win the singles tennis title at the 2024 Bavarian International Tennis Championships. It was Struff's first career ATP Tour singles title, and he did not drop a set en route. Aged 33 years and 11 months old, Struff became the oldest first-time ATP Tour singles champion since Paolo Lorenzi at the 2016 Austrian Open, as well as becoming the third-oldest first-time ATP Tour champion (after Lorenzi and Victor Estrella Burgos) since its establishment in 1990.

Holger Rune was the two-time defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Struff.

Taylor Fritz
Taylor Harry Fritz (born 28 October 1997) is an American professional tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 4 by the ATP, achieved on 18 November 2024 and a best doubles ranking of No. 104, achieved on 26 July 2021. Fritz has won ten ATP Tour singles titles, including a Masters 1000 title at the 2022 Indian Wells Open, and was a finalist at the 2024 US Open and at the 2024 ATP Finals.

Fritz won a junior major singles title at the 2015 US Open, and was the runner-up in junior singles at the 2015 French Open. He reached his first ATP Tour final in only his third career event, the 2016 Memphis Open.
Palatine T 5
Class T 5 of the Palatinate Railway was a German, goods train, tank locomotive class with five coupled axles and no carrying axles.

In 1925 they were absorbed by the Deutsche Reichsbahn as DRG Class 94.0 into their renumbering plan.

These engines were bought specifically for the inclines between Pirmasens and Biebermühle. They could reach a speed of  40 km/h on the level with a 1,510 tonne train load, and 30 km/h on an incline of 2%. Overall, however, they were unable to match the power of locomotives from Prussia or Saxony and were retired by 1926.

The locomotive which was formerly no. 307 in the Palatinate Railway (DRG No. 94 002) was disposed of to the Eschweiler Mining Union and employed at the  Baesweiler coal mine, where it was given the name of Carl Alexander and the number 3; it remained in service there until 1974. Today it is displayed at the Neustadt/Weinstrasse Railway Museum in Neustadt an der Weinstrasse, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Deutsche Reichsbahn
The Deutsche Reichsbahn (German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʁaɪçsˌbaːn]), also known as the German National Railway, the German State Railway, German Reich Railway, and the German Imperial Railway, was the German national railway system created after the end of World War I from the regional railways of the individual states of the German Empire. The Deutsche Reichsbahn has been described as "the largest enterprise in the capitalist world in the years between 1920 and 1932"; nevertheless, its importance "arises primarily from the fact that the Reichsbahn was at the center of events in a period of great turmoil in German history".