hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
GDP-4-dehydro-D-rhamnose reductase
In enzymology, a GDP-4-dehydro-D-rhamnose reductase (EC 1.1.1.187) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

GDP-6-deoxy-D-mannose + NAD(P)+  GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose + NAD(P)H + H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are GDP-6-deoxy-D-mannose, NAD+, and NADP+, whereas its 4 products are GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose, NADH, NADPH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is GDP-6-deoxy-D-mannose:NAD(P)+ 4-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include GDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-mannose reductase, GDP-4-keto-D-rhamnose reductase, and guanosine diphosphate-4-keto-D-rhamnose reductase. This enzyme participates in fructose and mannose metabolism.

Hydrogen ion
A hydrogen ion is an ion created when a hydrogen atom loses or gains an electron. A positively charged hydrogen ion (or proton) can readily combine with other particles and therefore is only seen isolated when it is in a gaseous state or a nearly particle-free space. Due to its extremely high charge density of approximately 2×1010 times that of a sodium ion, the bare hydrogen ion cannot exist freely in solution as it readily hydrates, i.e., bonds quickly. The hydrogen ion is recommended by IUPAC as a general term for all ions of hydrogen and its isotopes. 
Depending on the charge of the ion, two different classes can be distinguished: positively charged ions (hydrons) and negatively charged (hydride) ions.
1998 Newsweek Champions Cup – Singles
Marcelo Ríos defeated Greg Rusedski in the final, 6–3, 6–7(15–17), 7–6(7–4), 6–4 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1998 Indian Wells Masters.

Michael Chang was the two-time reigning champion, but had to withdraw from the tournament after he suffered a knee injury. This injury occurred after a bizarre incident where sprinklers had accidentally sprayed water onto the court that Chang was practising on, causing Chang to slip and tear his left knee.

Nicolás Lapentti
Nicolás Alexander Lapentti Gómez (Spanish pronunciation: [nikoˈlas laˈpenti]; born 13 August 1976) is an Ecuadorian former professional tennis player. Lapentti was ranked world No. 6 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) in April 2000.
Red Cross Canteen
The Red Cross Canteen in El Reno, Oklahoma is a small wooden structure located east of the Rock Island Depot. Built by volunteer labor with telegraph poles donated by the Rock Island Railroad, the facility opened on August 1, 1918, just south of the railroad station as an American Red Cross commissary to serve troop trains that stopped in El Reno during World War I.

After the end of the war, the building was moved to Legion Park, where it served as a Boy Scout cabin for many years. After falling into disrepair during the 1960s, the building was moved back near its original location and restored as a Bicentennial project in 1975. It currently contains exhibits and memorabilia from the World War I era as well as historical information about the county's Red Cross chapter.

El Reno, Oklahoma
El Reno is a city in and the county seat of Canadian County, Oklahoma, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 16,989, marking a change of 1.55% from 16,729, recorded in the 2010 census. The city was begun shortly after the 1889 land rush and named for the nearby Fort Reno. It is located in Central Oklahoma, about 25 miles (40 km) west of downtown Oklahoma City.
Unión Minas
Unión Minas is a Peruvian football club, playing in the city of Cerro de Pasco. The club was founded in 1974 and plays in the Peruvian Segunda División after winning the Copa Perú for the first time in 2025.

2002 Copa Perú
The 2002 Copa Perú season (Spanish: Copa Perú 2002), the promotion tournament of Peruvian football.

The tournament had five stages. The first four stages were played as mini-league round-robin tournaments, except for third stage in region IV, which was played as a knockout stage. The final stage featured two knockout rounds and a final four-team group stage to determine the two promoted teams.

This year twenty six teams qualified for the Etapa Regional (Regional Stage): these are the twenty six champions from each department (including two from Lima (the capital) - Perú was politically divided in twenty four Departments and one Constitutional Province.

All these teams were divided into eight groups by geographical proximity; then each winner qualified for the Etapa Nacional (National Stage). Those eight teams played, again by geographical proximity, home and away matches, in a knock-out tournament.  The winner of the final was promoted to the First Division.
Ice hockey at the 1988 Winter Olympics
The men's ice hockey tournament at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, was the 16th Olympic Championship. The Soviet Union won its seventh gold medal. The silver medal was won by Finland, marking its first ever Olympic ice hockey medal. Sweden won the bronze medal. Games were held in the Olympic Saddledome, the Stampede Corral, and Father David Bauer Olympic Arena. This is so far the only Olympic tournament held on North American soil that was not won by either Canada or United States.

The IIHF did not run a championship in Olympic years at this time. Nations that did not participate in the Calgary Olympics were invited to compete in the final Thayer Tutt Trophy.

Jarosław Morawiecki
Jarosław Józef Morawiecki (born 11 March 1964) is a Polish former ice hockey player and coach. He played for Zagłębie Sosnowiec, KKH Katowice, Olofströms IK, Drakkars de Caen, and TKH Toruń during his career. He also played for the Polish national team at the 1988 Winter Olympics and the 1986 and 1986 World Championships.
Odo the Great
Odo the Great (also called Eudes or Eudo) (died 735–740), was the Duke of Aquitaine by 700. His territory included Vasconia in the south-west of Gaul and the Duchy of Aquitaine (at that point located north-east of the river Garonne), a realm extending from the Loire to the Pyrenees, with the capital in Toulouse. He fought the Carolingian Franks and made alliances with the Moors to combat them. He retained this domain until 735. He is remembered for defeating the Umayyads in 721 in the Battle of Toulouse. He was the first to defeat them decisively in Western Europe. The feat earned him the epithet "the Great". He also played a crucial role in the Battle of Tours, working closely with Charles Martel, whose alliance he sought after the Umayyad invasion of what is now southern France in 732.

Garonne
The Garonne (/ɡəˈrɒn, ɡæˈrɒn/ gə-RON, garr-ON, French: [ɡaʁɔn] ⓘ; Spanish, Catalan, Basque and Occitan: Garona, Occitan pronunciation: [ɡaˈɾunɔ]; Latin: Garumna
or Garunna) is a river that flows in southwest France and northern Spain. It flows from the central Spanish Pyrenees to the Gironde estuary at the French port of Bordeaux – a length of 529 km (329 mi), of which 47 km (29 mi) is in Spain (Val d'Aran); the total length extends to 602 km (374 mi) if one includes the Gironde estuary between the river and the sea. Its basin area is 56,000 km2 (22,000 sq mi), which increases to 84,811 km2 (32,746 sq mi) if the  Dordogne River, which flows from the east and joins the Garonne at Bec d'Ambès to form the Gironde estuary, is included.

Umayyad and  Aquitanian forces fought the Battle of the River Garonne in 732 beside the river near present-day Bordeaux.
Darron Nell
Darron Paul Nell (born 3 August 1980) is a South African professional rugby union player who most recently with the Eastern Province Kings. His usual positions are flanker and number 8.

Nell played rugby for the Free State Cheetahs between 2002 and 2008, mainly appearing as a flanker or number 8, before a short spell in France with Castres and then moving to the Eastern Province Kings where he was converted to a lock.

Pumas (Currie Cup)
The Pumas are a South African professional rugby union team that competes in the Premier Division of the Currie Cup. The team draws their players from Mpumalanga Province (formerly known as the South Eastern Transvaal) and plays at the Mbombela Stadium in Mbombela, having previously also played at the Puma Stadium in Witbank.

The Pumas are a well supported team throughout Mpumalanga Province, with large fan bases located in Witbank, Middelburg, Ermelo and Mbombela.
Solenzara Air Base
Air Base 126 Solenzara (French: Base aérienne 126 Solenzara) (IATA: SOZ, ICAO: LFKS) is a French Air and Space Force (Armée de l'air et de l'espace) (ALAE) base located in the village of Ventiseri approximately 40 km north-northeast of Porto-Vecchio on Corsica.
It is just north of the mouth of the Travo River on the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Today the Air Base is a NATO tactical training center. It hosts:

Escadron d'Hélicoptères 1/44 Solenzara with the Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma

Porto-Vecchio
Porto-Vecchio (/ˌpɔːrtoʊ ˈvɛkioʊ/, French: [pɔʁto vekjo]; Italian: Porto Vecchio or Portovecchio [ˌpɔrtoˈvɛkkjo]; Corsican: Portivechju [ˌportiˈbecu], Portivecchju [ˌpɔrtiˈvɛtju], or Purtivechju [ˌpurtiˈvetju] (South)) is a commune in the French department of Corse-du-Sud, on the island of Corsica.

Porto-Vecchio is a medium-sized port city placed on a good harbor, the southernmost of the marshy and alluvial east side of Corsica. It is the seat of two cantons: Bavella and Grand Sud.
Diospyros pentamera
Diospyros pentamera is a common rainforest tree in the Ebony or Persimmon family (Ebenaceae) growing from near Batemans Bay (36° S) in New South Wales to the Atherton Tableland (17° S) in tropical Queensland, Australia. It is commonly known as the myrtle ebony, black myrtle, grey plum or grey persimmon.

Atherton Tableland
The Atherton Tableland is a fertile plateau, which is part of the Great Dividing Range in Queensland, Australia. It has very deep, rich basaltic soils and the main industry is agriculture. The principal river flowing across the plateau is the Barron River, which was dammed to form the irrigation reservoir named Lake Tinaroo.  Unlike many other rural areas, the Tablelands is experiencing a significant growth in population.
Franciscópolis
Franciscópolis is a Brazilian municipality located in the northeast of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population as of 2020 was estimated to be 5,338 people living in a total area of 715 km2. The city is part of the Immediate Geographic Region of Teófilo Otoni. It became a municipality in 1997.

Brazilian real
The Brazilian real (pl. reais;  sign: R$; code: BRL) is the official currency of Brazil. It is subdivided into 100 centavos. The Central Bank of Brazil is the central bank and the issuing authority. The real replaced the cruzeiro real in 1994.

As of April 2019, the real was the twentieth most traded currency.
Graphite bomb
A graphite bomb is intended to be a non-lethal weapon used to disable an electrical grid. The bomb works by spreading a dense cloud of extremely fine, chemically treated carbon filaments over air-insulated high voltage installations like transformers and power lines, causing short-circuits and subsequent disruption of the electricity supply in an area, a region or even an entire small country. The weapon is sometimes referred to as a blackout bomb or soft bomb because its direct effects are largely confined to the targeted electrical power facility, with minimal risk of immediate collateral damage.

Overhead power line
An overhead power line is a structure used in electric power transmission and distribution to transmit electrical energy along large distances. It consists of one or more conductors (commonly multiples of three) suspended by towers or poles. Since the surrounding air provides good cooling,   insulation along long passages, and allows optical inspection, overhead power lines are generally the lowest-cost method of power transmission for large quantities of electric energy.
Hugh Lawson (jazz pianist)
Hugh Lawson (March 12, 1935 – March 11, 1997), was an American jazz pianist from Detroit who worked with Yusef Lateef for more than 10 years.

Inspired by Bud Powell, Hampton Hawes and Bill Evans, Lawson first gained recognition for his work with Lateef from 1957 onwards. He recorded with Harry "Sweets" Edison (1962), Roy Brooks, and Lateef again on several occasions in the 1960s. In 1972, he performed with "The Piano Choir" (Strata-East), a group with seven pianists including Stanley Cowell and Harold Mabern.  He went on to tour with Charles Mingus in 1975 and 1977 and made recordings with Charlie Rouse (1977), George Adams, and as a leader.

Lawson died of colon cancer in White Plains, NY, March 11, 1997, at the age of 61.

Strata-East Records
Strata-East Records is an American record company and label specialising in jazz founded in 1971 by Charles Tolliver and Stanley Cowell with the release of their first recording Music Inc. The label released over 50 albums in the 1970s. Many of the label's releases are now hailed as prime examples of 1970s post-bop, spiritual jazz, and afro-jazz.

Gil Scott-Heron recorded his 1974 album Winter in America with Brian Jackson for Strata-East. "The Bottle" featured on the album, was a popular single. This album stands as one of the label's best-known recordings.

Clifford Jordan and Bill Lee, father of Spike Lee, were involved in many releases.
1996 RCA Championships – Doubles
Mark Knowles and Daniel Nestor were the defending champions but lost in the second round to Joshua Eagle and Andrew Florent.

Jim Grabb and Richey Reneberg won in the final 7–6, 4–6, 6–4 against Petr Korda and Cyril Suk.

Cyril Suk
Cyril Suk III (born 29 January 1967) is a Czech former professional tennis player. A doubles specialist, Suk won five Grand Slam titles, one men's doubles and four Grand Slam mixed doubles titles and 32 ATP Tour doubles titles during his career.
Sutton Bingham Reservoir
Sutton Bingham Reservoir is a reservoir near the village of Sutton Bingham in the civil parish of Closworth, Somerset, England.

The reservoir was built in the 1950s to supply water to Yeovil. The remains of Sutton Mill are under the water, and close to the shore is the 12th-century Church of All Saints.

It now provides an environment for overwintering wildfowl and migrant birds including the osprey. It is also used for fishing, and sailing by Sutton Bingham Sailing Club and the Sutton Bingham and District Canoe Club.

Osprey
The osprey (/ˈɒspri, -preɪ/; Pandion haliaetus), historically known as sea hawk, river hawk, and fish hawk, is a diurnal, fish-eating bird of prey with a cosmopolitan range. It is a large raptor, reaching more than 60 cm (24 in) in length and a wingspan of 180 cm (71 in). It is brown on the upperparts and predominantly greyish on the head and underparts.

The osprey tolerates a wide variety of habitats, nesting in any location near a body of water providing an adequate food supply. It is found on all continents except Antarctica, although in South America it occurs only as a non-breeding migrant.

As its other common names suggest, the osprey's diet consists almost exclusively of fish. It possesses specialised physical characteristics and unique behaviour in hunting its prey. Because of its unique characteristics it is classified in its own taxonomic genus, Pandion, and family, Pandionidae.
MAT/5 mine
The MAT/5 is an Italian circular, plastic-cased minimum metal blast resistant anti-tank blast mine. It uses a pneumatic fuze which is resistant to shock and blast, and is also claimed to be resistant to mine flails and mine rollers. The mine's plastic case is waterproof, and it can be laid in shallow water. Additionally the mine will function upside down. The mine can be fitted with anti-handling devices. The mine is no longer in production.

Blast resistant mine
A blast resistant mine is a landmine (intended for anti-tank or anti-personnel purposes) with a fuze which is designed to be insensitive to the shock wave from a nearby explosion. This feature makes it difficult or impossible to clear such mines using explosive minefield breaching techniques. As a result, the process of clearing minefields is slower and more complex. Blast resistance can be achieved in a number of ways.
Varnavas
Varnavas (Greek: Βαρνάβας "Barnabas") is a town in East Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Marathon, of which it is a municipal unit. It is part of Athens metropolitan area.

On 11 Aug 2024, a large wildfire in Varnavas caused smoke over Athens.

East Attica
East Attica (Greek: Ανατολική Αττική) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Attica. The regional unit covers the eastern part of the urban agglomeration of Athens, and also the rural area to its east.
Liverpool Boys High School
Liverpool Boys High School is a government-funded single-sex comprehensive secondary day school for boys, located in Liverpool, a south-western suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1955 as the suburb's first high school, the school caters for approximately 550 students from Year 7 to Year 12; many of whom come from a background of socio-economic disadvantage. The school is operated by the New South Wales Department of Education; the principal is Mike Saxon.

Year 12
Year 12 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is sometimes the twelfth or thirteenth year of compulsory education, or alternatively a year of post-compulsory education. It usually incorporates students aged between 16 and 18, depending on the locality. It is also known as "senior year" in parts of Australia, where it is the final year of compulsory education. Year Twelve in England and Wales, and in New Zealand, is the equivalent of Eleventh grade, junior year, or grade 11 in the US and parts of Canada.
2017–18 Bahraini King's Cup
The 2017–18 Bahraini King's Cup is the 16th season of the national football competition of Bahrain since it was renamed as the King's Cup in 2003 (named Emir Cup or Federation Cup before). The winners of the competition will earn a spot in the 2019 AFC Cup.

The competition started on 12 October 2017.

2019 AFC Cup
The 2019 AFC Cup was the 16th edition of the AFC Cup, Asia's secondary club football tournament organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC).

Al-Ahed from Lebanon won the title for the first time, defeating April 25 from North Korea in the final. Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya were the title holders, having won the previous three editions of the tournament. However, they were unable to defend the title as Iraqi teams played in the AFC Champions League instead of the AFC Cup in the 2019 edition.
Parmouti 11
Parmouti 10 – Coptic calendar – Parmouti 12

The eleventh day of the Coptic month of Parmouti, the eighth month of the Coptic year. In common years, this day corresponds to April 6, of the Julian calendar, and April 19, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.

Coptic calendar
The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is a liturgical calendar used by the farming populace in Egypt and used by the Coptic Orthodox and Coptic Catholic churches. It was used for fiscal purposes in Egypt until the adoption of the Gregorian calendar on 11 September 1875 (1st Thout 1592 AM). Like the Julian calendar (and unlike the international Gregorian calendar), the Coptic calendar has a leap year every four years invariably; it does not skip leap years three times every 400 years.
Millers Lake, Michigan
Millers Lake is a census-designated place (CDP) in the northwest part of Deerfield Township, Lapeer County, Michigan, United States, surrounding a lake of the same name. It is bordered to the east by the CDP of Barnes Lake. M-24 forms the border between the two CDPs; the state highway leads north 12 miles (19 km) to Mayville and south 9 miles (14 km) to Lapeer.

Millers Lake was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census. Previously, the community was part of the Barnes Lake-Millers Lake CDP.

Lapeer, Michigan
Lapeer (/ləˈpɪər/ lə-PEER) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan and is the county seat of Lapeer County. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 9,023. Most of the city was incorporated from land that was formerly in Lapeer Township, though portions were also annexed from Mayfield Township and Elba Township. Lapeer is in central Michigan, east of Flint, on the Flint River.
Religion in Bhutan
Bhutan is a Buddhist country by constitution and Buddhism plays a vital role in the country.

The official religion in Bhutan is Buddhism, which is practiced by 74.7% of the population. Hinduism is followed by 22.6% of the Population.

The freedom of religion is guaranteed by the King.

In the past, approximately 75% of the population of 770,000 followed either the Drukpa Lineage of the Kagyu school, the Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism or another school of Buddhism. Almost 22% of citizens (mainly Lhotshampas) practiced Hinduism.

Drukpa Kagyu
The Drukpa or Drukpa Kagyu (Dzongkha: འབྲུག་པ་བཀའ་བརྒྱུད) lineage, sometimes called Dugpa in older sources, is a branch of the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. The Kagyu school is one of the Sarma or "New Translation" schools of Tibetan Buddhism. The Drukpa lineage was founded in the Tsang region of Tibet by Tsangpa Gyare (1161–1211), and later became influential in Ladakh and Bhutan. It is one of several lineages known as "Red Hat sects".

Within the Drukpa lineage, there are further sub-schools, most notably the eastern Kham tradition and middle Drukpa school which prospered in Ladakh and surrounding areas. In Bhutan the Drukpa lineage is the dominant school and state religion.
Pirotte
Pirotte is a Belgian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gaspard Pirotte, Belgian gymnast

Gautier Pirotte (born 1973), Belgian sociologist

Jean-Claude Pirotte (1939–2014), Belgian writer, painter and poet

Julia Pirotte (1908–2000), Polish photojournalist

Nestor Pirotte (1933–2000), Belgian serial killer

Roger Pirotte (1910–?), Belgian cyclist

Julia Pirotte
Julia Pirotte (née Diament; 1908 – 25 July 2000) was a Polish photojournalist known for her work in Marseille during the Second World War when she documented the French Resistance, and for photographs taken in the aftermath of the Kielce Pogrom of 1946.
Ottmar Walter
Ottmar Kurt Herrmann Walter (6 March 1924 – 16 June 2013) was a German footballer who played as a forward.

He played together with his brother, Fritz Walter, at the club 1. FC Kaiserslautern. They also played together for the West Germany national team in the 1954 FIFA World Cup. Walter scored four goals in the tournament as West Germany won their first ever World Cup title. In total, Walter earned 20 caps and scored 10 goals for Germany. For his club 1. FC Kaiserslautern he scored an unequaled 336 goals in 321 league and cup matches. Walter debuted in the first team at the age of 18 in 1942 as an outside left in a 7–1 rout of Waldhof Mannheim.

During World War II, Walter was drafted into the Kriegsmarine and suffered heavy injuries in his right knee. After several operations, he was forced to end his career in 1958.

SV Waldhof Mannheim
SV Waldhof Mannheim is a multi-sports club, located in Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg. It is most known for its association football team; however, there are also professional handball and table-tennis sides. The club today has a membership of over 2,400.
Mid-Buckeye Conference
The Mid-Buckeye Conference, known also at times as the Middle Buckeye Conference, is an OHSAA athletics conference with member schools located in Ashland, Crawford, Richland, and Wayne counties.

The following are the current members:

Richland County, Ohio
Richland County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 124,936. Its county seat is Mansfield. The county was created in 1808 and later organized in 1813. It is named for the fertile soil found there. Richland County is included in the Mansfield, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Mansfield-Ashland-Bucyrus, OH Combined Statistical Area. The county is one of the six Metropolitan Statistical Areas that make up Northeast Ohio.