hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hunterian Museum
There are two museums called the Hunterian Museum, each named after one of the brothers John and William Hunter.

Hunterian Museum, London – named after John Hunter (1728–1793)

Hunterian Museum, Glasgow – named after William Hunter (1718–1783)

William Hunter (anatomist)
William Hunter FRS (23 May 1718 – 30 March 1783) was a Scottish anatomist and physician. He was a leading teacher of anatomy, and the outstanding obstetrician of his day. His guidance and training of his equally famous brother, John Hunter, was also of great importance.
Temple (play)
Temple is a 2015 play by Steve Waters about the 2011 United Kingdom anti-austerity protests. It premiered at the Donmar Warehouse from 21 May to 25 July 2015, directed by Howard Davies and featuring Simon Russell Beale as 'the Dean', along with Anna Calder-Marshall, Paul Higgins, Rebecca Humphries, Shereen Martin and Malcolm Sinclair.

Malcolm Sinclair (actor)
Malcolm Sinclair (born 5 June 1950) is a British stage and television actor and former President of Trade Union, Equity 2010–18 when he stood down after 4 terms  and was replaced by Maureen Beattie. He played Assistant Chief Constable Freddy Fisher in the television series Pie in the Sky from 1994 to 1997.

Malcolm's brother is Keith Sinclair, the former Bishop of Birkenhead.
German submarine U-331
German submarine U-331 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II, famous for sinking the battleship HMS Barham.

The submarine was laid down on 26 January 1940 at the Nordseewerke yard at Emden, launched on 20 December 1940, and commissioned on 31 March 1941 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See  Hans-Diedrich Freiherr von Tiesenhausen. She was tracked by the RAF and crippled before being destroyed by the Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm on 17 November 1942 with the loss of most of her crew.

Oberleutnant zur See
Oberleutnant zur See (OLt zS or OLZS in the German Navy, Oblt.z.S. in the Kriegsmarine) is traditionally the highest rank of Lieutenant in the German Navy. It is grouped as OF-1 in NATO.

The rank was introduced in the Imperial German Navy by renaming the former rank of Premier Lieutenant in 1890. Within the navy, officers of this rank were simply addressed as Herr Oberleutnant. To distinguish naval officers from those of the army, the suffix zur See (at sea) was added in official communications, sometimes shortened to z.S. (Oblt.z.S.). The rank has since been used by the Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine, and Bundesmarine.  In the Volksmarine, the rank was originally used in the same way until the suffix zur See was dropped. In the Kriegsmarine, engineers (Ingenieur – Ing.) of the same rank were distinguished as Oberleutnant (Ing.).
Kazimierz Boratyński
Kazimierz Boratyński (Polish pronunciation: [kaˈʑi.mjɛʂ bɔratɨɲski]; July 30, 1906, in Gródek – December 8, 1991, in Wrocław) was a Polish chemist. He specialized in the field of soil science.

In his research work, he dealt with the chemistry of mineral fertilizers, soil chemistry and physics, humus processes in soil, and soil geography.

Soil physics
Soil physics is the study of soil's physical properties and processes. It is applied to  management and prediction under natural and managed ecosystems.  Soil physics deals with the dynamics of physical soil components and their phases as solids, liquids, and gases. It draws on the principles of physics, physical chemistry, engineering, and meteorology.  Soil physics applies these principles to address practical problems of agriculture, ecology, and engineering.
Prince Rupert Airport
Prince Rupert Airport (IATA: YPR, ICAO: CYPR) is an airport located 5.0 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) west southwest of Prince Rupert, British Columbia, Canada.

The airport is classified as an airport of entry by Nav Canada and is staffed by the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA). CBSA officers at this airport can handle general aviation aircraft only, with no more than 50 passengers.

The airport is located on Digby Island, which is only accessible by ferry from the city of Prince Rupert. The passenger ferry fare is included in airline tickets.

Port of entry
In general, a port of entry (POE) is a place where one may lawfully enter a country. It typically has border security staff and facilities to check passports and visas and to inspect luggage to assure that contraband is not imported. International airports are usually ports of entry, as are road and rail crossings on a land border. Seaports can be used as ports of entry only if a dedicated customs presence is posted there. The choice of whether to become a port of entry is up to the civil authority controlling the port.
Tong, South Sudan
Tong is a boma in  Baidit payam, Bor West County, Jonglei State, South Sudan, about 30 kilometers north of Bor.
The village is located at the southern extent of the sudd, South Sudan's central wetlands, near to the east bank of the Bahr al Jabal River.

Jonglei State
Jonglei State is a state of South Sudan with Bor as its centre of government  and the biggest city. Jonglei state comprises nine counties: Bor, Akobo, Ayod, Uror, Duk,  Nyirol, Pigi, Twic East, and Fangak. Jonglei State is the largest state by area before reorganisation, with an area of approximately 122,581 km2, as well as the most populous according to the 2008 census conducted in present-day South Sudan's second period of autonomy. The boundaries of the state were again changed as a result of a peace  agreement signed on 22 February 2020.

In the 21st century, Jonglei State has been marred by ethnic clashes, which the UNMISS estimated in May 2012 had affected the lives of over 140,000 people, and which have been  magnified by the broader South Sudanese conflict since December 2013.
Hamrick (surname)
Hamrick is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charley Hamrick (1912–1963), American football player

Chris Hamrick (born 1966), American professional wrestler

John Hamrick (1876–1956), American businessman

Melanie Hamrick (born 1987), American dancer, choreographer, author

Mike Hamrick, American athletic director

Ray Hamrick (1921–2009), American baseball player

Samuel J. Hamrick (1929–2008), American writer

Samuel J. Hamrick
Samuel J. Hamrick (1929–2008) was an American spy novelist, who often used the pen name W. T. Tyler. Some of his novels include Rogue's March, The Ants of God, The Consul's Wife, and Last Train from Berlin.

Hamrick served as an U.S. diplomat, assigned to Lebanon, Canada, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia and Somalia from 1960 to 1980.

Hamrick also wrote a nonfiction book, Deceiving the Deceivers:Kim Philby, Donald Maclean and Guy Burgess, in which he speculated that Kim Philby and other defectors were unknowingly helping Great Britain dupe the Soviet Union, rather than successfully spying for the Soviet Union.
Adolfo Constanzo
Adolfo de Jesús Constanzo (November 1, 1962 – May 6, 1989), also known as the "Narcosatanist", was a Cuban-American serial killer, drug trafficker, and cult leader who led an infamous drug-trafficking and occult gang in Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico, that was dubbed the Narcosatanists (Spanish: Los Narcosatánicos) by the media. His cult members nicknamed him The Godfather (El Padrino). Constanzo led the cult with Sara Aldrete, whom followers nicknamed "The Godmother" (La Madrina). The cult was involved in multiple ritualistic killings in Matamoros, including the murder of Mark Kilroy, an American student abducted, tortured and killed in the area in 1989.

Most Evil
Most Evil is an American forensics television program on Investigation Discovery, first aired in 2006, presented by forensic psychiatrist Dr. Michael H. Stone of Columbia University during the program's first three seasons, and by forensic psychologist Dr. Kris Mohandie during its fourth season. On the show, the presenter rates murderers on a scale of evil that Stone himself has developed. The show features profiles on various murderers, serial killers, and mass murderers of various degrees of psychopathy. The series initially ran for three seasons, from 2006 to 2008, and was later revived for a fourth season, from 2014 to 2015.
Scaggsville, Maryland
Scaggsville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Howard County, Maryland, United States. It is situated near the southeastern tip of Howard County, between Laurel and Fulton. The town mainly consists of residences, with some commercial establishments. Scaggsville generally falls within ZIP code 20723, assigned to Laurel, though the town formerly had its own post office.

At the 2000 census the Scaggsville area was counted as part of the North Laurel census-designated place.

Rocky Gorge Reservoir
Rocky Gorge Reservoir is located on the Patuxent River in Howard, Montgomery, and Prince George's counties in Maryland, between Laurel and Burtonsville. The reservoir was created in 1952 by the construction of the T. Howard Duckett Dam on the Patuxent. The dam is visible from Interstate 95 near milemarker 34. Because of its close association with a dam by the name, the reservoir is sometimes called the T. Howard Duckett Reservoir. It has a surface area of 773 acres (313 ha). The reservoir is maintained as a drinking water source by the Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission (WSSC).

WSSC provides recreational facilities to the public on portions of the Rocky Gorge property, including hiking, picnicking, fishing, boating, horseback riding, and hunting. Local fish species include pike and largemouth bass.
Huia Harding
Huia Harding (born 12 July 1993) is a New Zealand rugby sevens player.

Harding joined the Black Ferns Sevens in 2018, she was one of three newly contracted players that year. She featured at the 2018 Japan Women's Sevens.

Harding was named in the Black Ferns Sevens squad for the 2018–19 Sevens Series.

In 2019, Harding scored a brace of tries in their 48–0 win against Japan at the Dubai Sevens. She later appeared at the 2019 South Africa Sevens in Cape Town.

Harding is a qualified lawyer and has represented Waikato in sevens and fifteens.

Japan women's national rugby sevens team
The Japan women's national rugby sevens team has competed in competitions such as the Hong Kong Women's Sevens.

In 2012-13 they played two World Series tournaments, placing 13th in China. In the 2013–14  season they placed 7th at São Paulo and 8th at Atlanta. They were not invited to any World Series tournament in 2014–15. Japan played the full 2015–16 World Series, with a best result of 9th at the Dubai Sevens, and finished 11th in the overall standings.

Japan qualified for the 2016 Summer Olympics after winning the 2015 ARFU Women's Sevens Championships. The team won over Kenya but lost twice to Brazil, finishing 10th in the tournament. In 2021, the Sakura's lost all of their five games and finished last at the 2020 Olympics.
Śarīra
Śarīra is a generic term referring to Buddhist relics, although in common usage it usually refers to pearl or crystal-like bead-shaped objects that are found among the cremated ashes of Buddhist spiritual masters. Relics of the Buddha after cremation are termed dhātu in the Mahaparinibbana Sutta. Śarīra are held to emanate or incite  adhiṣṭhāna(blessings) within the mindstream and experience of those connected to them. Sarira are also believed to ward off evil in the Himalayan Buddhist tradition.

Mahāparinibbāna Sutta
The Mahāparinibbāna Sutta is Sutta 16 in the Dīgha Nikāya, a scripture belonging to the Sutta Piṭaka of Theravāda Buddhism. It concerns the end of Gautama Buddha's life - his parinibbāna - and is the longest sutta of the Pāli Canon.  Because of its attention to detail, it has been resorted to as the principal source of reference in most standard accounts of the Buddha's death.
Pseudologia Fantastica (song)
"Pseudologia Fantastica" is a song by American indie pop band Foster the People. It is the fifth track on their second studio album Supermodel and was released digitally as the record's second single on February 25, 2014.

Mark Foster (musician)
Mark Derek Foster (born February 29, 1984) is an American musician, singer, and songwriter, best known as the lead singer of the band Foster the People. After struggling to create a successful band in his early twenties, Foster finally had his big break as the founder and frontman of Foster the People in 2009, which he formed alongside his two friends Mark Pontius and Cubbie Fink. The band has since released four studio albums: Torches in 2011, Supermodel in 2014, Sacred Hearts Club in 2017 and Paradise State of Mind in 2024.
The Rat (1918 film)
The Rat (German: Die Ratte) is a 1918 German silent crime film directed by Harry Piel and Joe May and starring Heinrich Schroth, Olga Engl and Käthe Haack. It was part of the series of Joe Deebs detective films.

It was shot at the Tempelhof Studios in Berlin.

Harry Piel
Heinrich Piel (12 July 1892 – 27 March 1963), known professionally as Harry Piel, was a prolific German actor, film director, screenwriter, and film producer who was involved in over 150 films.

Piel became a director in 1912, turning out such box-office successes as Mann Gegen Mann (1928), Achtung! - Auto-Diebe! (1930) and Artisten (1935). His last directorial effort was 1953's Gesprengte Gitter (Elephant Fury, a.k.a. Panic), which he also produced, wrote, and starred.
David Wiese
David Wiese (born 18 May 1985) is a South African-born former Namibian cricketer who has played for Namibia in international cricket. Wiese became eligible to play international cricket for Namibia due to his father having been born in Namibia. Wiese played international cricket for South Africa from 2013 to 2016, before making his international debut for Namibia in October 2021.

Previously, Wiese ended his South Africa career in 2017 to play in county cricket. He has also made 67 first-class appearances since his debut in October 2005. He currently plays for Lahore Qalandars in Pakistan Super League. His form since his breakthrough into first-class cricket saw him selected to play for South Africa in the 2009 Hong Kong Cricket Sixes, where he was the leading wicket-taker, and for the South Africa Invitation XI in two matches against England. He is known for his explosive low-order batting and an ability to deliver slow balls.

Pakistan Super League
The Pakistan Super League (PSL), also known as HBL PSL for sponsorship reasons, is a professional Twenty20 cricket league in Pakistan, organised by the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB).

Founded by the PCB in 2015, the league currently features (since 2018 PSL) six city-based franchise teams. Instead of operating as an association of independently owned teams, the league is a single entity in which each franchise is owned and controlled by the investors.

Each team plays the group-stage matches in a double round-robin format and the top four teams with the most points qualify for the playoffs, culminating in the final.

As of 2025, there have been ten seasons of the league. Islamabad United and Lahore Qalandars are the most successful teams, both winning three titles each.
Bingo Shooting Device
The Bingo Shooting Device is a small mousetrap-like device used in novelty pranks and magic tricks. The device, invented by Sam S. Adams for S.S. Adams Novelties in 1907, consists of a hinge that is closed over a spring-loaded hammer. When the hinge is allowed to open, the hammer is released and strikes a percussion cap, causing a loud bang. The mechanism has been adapted to many prank items, including pens that explode when the cap is removed and toilet seats that explode when raised.

Pen
A pen is a common writing instrument that applies ink to a surface, typically paper, for writing or drawing. Early pens such as reed pens, quill pens, dip pens and ruling pens held a small amount of ink on a nib or in a small void or cavity that had to be periodically recharged by dipping the tip of the pen into an inkwell. 
Today, such pens find only a small number of specialized uses, such as in illustration and calligraphy. Reed pens, quill pens and dip pens, which were used for writing, have been replaced by ballpoint pens, rollerball pens, fountain pens and felt or ceramic tip pens.

Ruling pens, which were used for technical drawing and cartography, have been replaced by technical pens such as the Rapidograph. All of these modern pens contain internal ink reservoirs, such that they do not need to be dipped in ink while writing.
Mount Borland
Mount Borland (74°25′S 67°45′E﻿ / ﻿74.417°S 67.750°E﻿ / -74.417; 67.750) is a large, gently domed mountain, standing 5 nautical miles (9 km) south of Mount Twigg near the head of Lambert Glacier. It was sighted by Flying Officer J. Seaton, RAAF, during an Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions photographic flight in November 1956, and named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for R.A. Borland, a meteorologist at Mawson Station in 1958.

Mawson Station
Mawson Station, commonly called Mawson, is one of three permanent bases and research outposts in Antarctica managed by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD). Mawson lies in Holme Bay in Mac. Robertson Land, East Antarctica in the Australian Antarctic Territory, a territory claimed by Australia. Established in 1954, Mawson is Australia's oldest Antarctic station and the oldest continuously inhabited Antarctic station south of the Antarctic Circle. It houses approximately 20 personnel over winter and up to 53 in summer.

Mawson was named in honour of the Australian Antarctic explorer Sir Douglas Mawson.

Mawson was listed on the Register of the National Estate in 2001 and listed on the Commonwealth Heritage List on 22 June 2004, reflecting the post-World War Two revival of Australia's scientific research and territorial interests in Antarctica.
Devendra Dahal
Devendra Dahal is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the CPN (Unified Marxist-Leninist) and former Minister of Physical Infrastructure and Transport of Nepal from 15 July 2024 to 9 September 2025. He is currently a Member of the Federal Parliament in the Rastriya Sabha, the upper house of Nepal's Parliament, representing Koshi Province, he was elected in the 2020 Nepalese National Assembly election.

Dahal has been elected as the parliamentary party leader of the CPN (UML) in the Rastriya Sabha.

Minister of Physical Infrastructure and Transport
The Minister of Physical Infrastructure and Transport (Nepali: भौतिक पूर्वाधार तथा यातायात मन्त्री) is the head of the Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport. One of the most senior officers in the Federal Cabinet, the minister is responsibility supporting various economic activities and projects related to the development of the country's major physical infrastructure such as national public roads, national railways, waterways, which connect the country's rural areas with the market, tourism, agriculture, electrical, industrial and related projects in the country.

The current minister is Sushila Karki, who took the charge on 7 January 2026 after the resignation of Kulman Ghising.
Yasser Arafat Cup
The Yasser Arafat Cup is an association football cup competition held for football clubs in the West Bank. The cup is overseen by the Palestine Football Association and was founded in 2011. The cup is named after Yasser Arafat, the president of the Palestinian National Authority who died in 2004.

Football team
A football team is a group of players selected to play together in the various team sports known as football. Such teams could be selected to play in a match against an opposing team, to represent a football club, group, state or nation, an all-star team or even selected as a hypothetical team (such as a dream team or team of the century) and never play an actual match.

The difference between a football team and a football club is incorporation, a football club is an entity which is formed and governed by a committee and has members which may consist of supporters in addition to players. The benefit of club formation is that it gives teams access to additional volunteer or paid support staff, facilities and equipment.
2019 Kashmir earthquake
The 2019 Kashmir earthquake struck regions of Pakistan with an epicentre in Azad Kashmir on 24 September at 16:02 local time (11:02 UTC). It had a magnitude of 5.4 Mww and a maximum felt intensity of VII (Very strong) on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale or VIII (Heavily damaging) on the European macroseismic scale. There was severe damage in Mirpur District, causing the deaths of 40 people and injuring a further 850. The epicentre of the shallow quake was near the city of Mirpur, Pakistan. The tremors were felt in the Kashmir region, Punjab (Pakistan), Punjab (India), Uttarakhand and northern parts of India including New Delhi.

Seismic magnitude scales
Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location. Magnitudes are usually determined from measurements of an earthquake's seismic waves as recorded on a seismogram. Magnitude scales vary based on what aspect of the seismic waves are measured and how they are measured. Different magnitude scales are necessary because of differences in earthquakes, the information available, and the purposes for which the magnitudes are used.
National Archaeological Museum of Altino
The National Archaeological Museum of Altino (in italian: Museo archeologico nazionale di Altino, MANA) is an archaeology museum next to the archaeological site of Altinum. It is located in the frazione Altino of the municipality of Quarto d'Altino, in the Metropolitan City of Venice.

The museum, which preserves the most representative archaeological finds of Altinum, and the nearby archaeological site of Altino are included in the UNESCO World Heritage site "Venice and its lagoon".

Metropolitan City of Venice
The Metropolitan City of Venice (Italian: città metropolitana di Venezia) is a metropolitan city in the Veneto region of Italy, one of ten metropolitan cities in Italy. Its capital is the city of Venice. It replaced the province of Venice in 2015 and includes the city of Venice and 44 municipalities (comuni). It was first created by the reform of local authorities (Law 142/1990) and then established by Law 56/2014.

The Metropolitan City of Venice is headed by the Metropolitan Mayor (sindaco metropolitano) and the Metropolitan Council (consiglio metropolitano). Since 15 June 2015, as the new mayor of the capital city, Luigi Brugnaro is the first mayor of the metropolitan city.
Euploea usipetes
Euploea usipetes is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It was described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1858. It is endemic to New Guinea and neighbouring Cape York Peninsula in the Australasian realm.

Australasian realm
The Australasian realm is one of eight  biogeographic realms that is coincident with, but not (by some definitions) the same as, the geographical region of Australasia. The realm includes Australia, the island of New Guinea (comprising Papua New Guinea and the Indonesian province of Papua), and the eastern part of the Indonesian archipelago, including the island of Sulawesi, the Moluccas (the Indonesian provinces of Maluku and North Maluku), and the islands of Lombok, Sumbawa, Sumba, Flores, and Timor, often known as the Lesser Sundas.

The Australasian realm also includes several Pacific island groups, including the Bismarck Archipelago, Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands, and New Caledonia. New Zealand and its surrounding islands are a distinctive sub-region of the Australasian realm.  The rest of Indonesia is part of the Indomalayan realm. In the classification scheme developed by Miklos Udvardy, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands and New Zealand are placed in the Oceanian realm.