hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michael Knapik
Michael R. Knapik (born February 11, 1963) is an American politician who served in the Massachusetts Senate (1995–2013) and Massachusetts House of Representatives (1991–1995). In the state Senate he represented the 2nd Hampden and Hampshire District. He is a member of the Republican Party.

He was born in Westfield, Massachusetts Prior to being sworn into the Senate in 1995, he was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1991 to 1995 and a member of the Westfield School Committee from 1986-1990. He was also worked as an aide to State Representative Steven Pierce. His Senate district included Chicopee, Holyoke, Westfield, Easthampton, Granville, Montgomery, Russell, Southampton, Southwick, and Tolland, Massachusetts.

Knapik resigned August 9, 2013 to take a position at Westfield State University, leaving only three Republicans in the state Senate.

He is the brother of Daniel Knapik, who served as Mayor of Westfield from 2010 to 2015.

Easthampton, Massachusetts
Easthampton is a city in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The city is in the Pioneer Valley, near the five colleges in the college towns of Northampton and Amherst. The population was 16,211 at the 2020 census.
Lebanon, Oregon
Lebanon (/ˈlɛbənən/ LEB-ən-ən) is a city in Linn County, Oregon, United States. Lebanon is located in northwest Oregon, southeast of Salem. The population was 19,690 at the 2020 census. Lebanon sits beside the South Santiam River on the eastern edge of the Willamette Valley, close to the Cascade Range and a 25-minute drive to either of the larger cities of Corvallis and Albany. Lebanon is known for its foot-and-bike trails and its small-town character.

Weyerhaeuser
The Weyerhaeuser Company (/ˈwɛərhaʊzər/ WAIR-how-zər) is an American timberland company which owns approximately 10,400,000 acres (16,200 sq mi; 42,000 km2) of timberlands in the U.S., and manages an additional 14,000,000 acres (22,000 sq mi; 57,000 km2) of timberlands under long-term licenses in Canada. The company has manufactured wood products for over a century. It operates as a real estate investment trust (REIT).
Transformation semigroup
In algebra, a transformation semigroup (or composition semigroup) is a collection of transformations (functions from a set to itself) that is closed under function composition. If it includes the identity function, it is a monoid, called a transformation (or composition) monoid. This is the semigroup analogue of a permutation group.

A transformation semigroup of a set has a tautological semigroup action on that set. Such actions are characterized by being faithful, i.e., if two elements of the semigroup have the same action, then they are equal.

An analogue of Cayley's theorem shows that any semigroup can be realized as a transformation semigroup of some set.

In automata theory, some authors use the term transformation semigroup to refer to a semigroup acting faithfully on a set of "states" different from the semigroup's base set. There is a correspondence between the two notions.

Identity function
In mathematics, an identity function, also called an identity relation, identity map or identity transformation, is a function that always returns the value that was used as its argument, unchanged. That is, when  is the identity function, the equality  is true for all values of  to which  can be applied.
2012 Qatar Open – Doubles
Marc López and Rafael Nadal were the defending champions but Nadal decided not to participate. López played alongside Albert Ramos, but the pair was defeated in the second round by Dmitry Tursunov and Nenad Zimonjić.

Filip Polášek and Lukáš Rosol defeated Christopher Kas and Philipp Kohlschreiber in the final with a score of 6–3, 6–4 to win their first title in Doha.

Dmitry Tursunov
Dmitry Igorevich Tursunov (Russian: Дми́трий И́горевич Турсу́нов, IPA: [ˈdmʲitrʲɪj tʊrˈsunəf] ⓘ; born 12 December 1982) is a Russian tennis coach and former player. At age 12, he moved to the United States to train and further his prospects of becoming a professional player. His career-high singles ranking is world No. 20, achieved in October 2006.

Tursunov jokes about his lack of ability and success on clay courts. He was sponsored by Fila and Wilson. He helped the Russian Davis Cup team win the 2006 Davis Cup and reach the finals of the 2007 Davis Cup.
Glenzer Glacier
Glenzer Glacier (65°58′S 103°15′E﻿ / ﻿65.967°S 103.250°E﻿ / -65.967; 103.250) is a glacier 5 nautical miles (9 km) west of Conger Glacier, draining northward from Knox Coast into the eastern part of the Shackleton Ice Shelf, Antarctica. It was mapped by G.D. Blodgett (1955) from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47). It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Hubert Glenzer, Jr., a pilot with U.S. Navy Operation Windmill (1947–48), who assisted in operations resulting in the establishment of astronomical control stations along the coast from Wilhelm II Coast to Budd Coast.

In March 2022, an ice shelf in front of the Glenzer Glacier collapsed.

Budd Coast
Budd Coast (66°30′S 112°0′E﻿ / ﻿66.500°S 112.000°E﻿ / -66.500; 112.000), part of Wilkes Land, is that portion of the coast of Antarctica lying between the Hatch Islands, at 109°16'E, and Cape Waldron, at 115°33'E. It was discovered in February 1840 by the U.S. Exploring Expedition (1838–42) under the leadership of Lieutenant Charles Wilkes, and named by Wilkes for Thomas A. Budd, Acting Master of the sloop Peacock, one of the ships used on the expedition. A portion of the Puget Sound, Budd Inlet, is also named for Thomas Budd.
Caroline Kava
Caroline Kava (born September 25, 1949) is an American actress and playwright of the 1986 Off-Broadway play, The Early Girl.

She portrayed a prostitute in the 1980 film Heaven's Gate.  In  Year of the Dragon (1985), she portrayed the wife of Mickey Rourke's character.  In Little Nikita (1988), she portrayed the mother of the title character played by River Phoenix.  She also played the mother of Ron Kovic, portrayed by Tom Cruise, in Born on the Fourth of July (1989).  She has also appeared in television films such as Act of Vengeance (1986) and Guilty Until Proven Innocent (1991).  Kava also appeared with Alan Arkin in Four Days in September (1997).

In 1976, Kava appeared as Polly in Threepenny Opera for Joe Papp's New York Shakespeare Festival at the Vivian Beaumont Theater at Lincoln Center.

In 2009, Kava adapted Henrik Ibsen's Hedda Gabler for the Mauckingbird Theatre Company in Philadelphia.

Ron Kovic
Ronald Lawrence Kovic (born July 4, 1946) is an American anti-war activist, author, and United States Marine Corps sergeant who was wounded and paralyzed in the Vietnam War. His best selling 1976 memoir Born on the Fourth of July was made into the 1989 film of the same name which starred Tom Cruise as Kovic and was co-written by Kovic and directed by Oliver Stone.

Kovic received the Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay on January 20, 1990, 22 years to the day that he was wounded in Vietnam, in addition to Best Adapted Screenplay nominations for the Academy Award, BAFTA Award, and the Writers Guild of America Award.
Pharmacognosy Magazine
Pharmacognosy Magazine is a peer-reviewed open-access medical journal published on behalf of the Pharmacognosy Network Worldwide. It publishes articles on the subjects of pharmacognosy, natural products, phytochemistry, phytopharmacology. The journal is indexed with CAB Abstracts, Caspur, Chemical Abstracts, CSA databases, DOAJ, EBSCO, Excerpta Medica/EMBASE, Google Scholar, Hinari, Index Copernicus, Indian Science Abstracts, Journal Citation Reports, OpenJGate, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Citation Index Expanded, Scopus, and Ulrich's Periodicals Directory.

Phcog.net (Pharmacognosy Network Worldwide) appeared on Beall's list from October 2012 through September 12, 2015.

Phytopharmacology
Phytopharmacology is the study and practice of eradicating plant pathology originated from the Verbandes Deutscher Pflanzenärzte (1928–1939), (German Plant Physicians Society), headed by Otto Appel, known as the Organiser of German Plant Protection, who initially defined the terminology of Phyto-Medicine or Plant Medicine. The Deutsche Phytomedizinische Gesellschaft (German Phytomedicine Society) is the German association of phytomedicine practitioners. Academic programs in phytomedicine, such as at the University of Hohenheim, consider the interrelationships between pathogenic microorganisms and crops, disease control methods, and research programs.

In 1936, the term phytopharmacology was used for the field of study on drugs that affect plants.
LSAT (oxide)
LSAT is the most common name for the inorganic compound lanthanum aluminate - strontium aluminium tantalate, which has the chemical formula  (LaAlO3)0.3(Sr2TaAlO6)0.7 or its less common alternative: (La0.18Sr0.82)(Al0.59Ta0.41)O3. LSAT is a hard, optically transparent oxide of the elements lanthanum, aluminium, strontium and tantalum. LSAT has the perovskite crystal structure, and its most common use is as a single crystal substrate for the growth of epitaxial thin films.

Electronic correlation
Electronic correlation is the interaction between electrons in the electronic structure of a quantum system. The correlation energy is a measure of how much the movement of one electron is influenced by the presence of all other electrons.
Takács de Saár
Takács de Saár (in Hungarian: saári Takács) is a Hungarian noble family. The family members mainly lived in Vas and Sopron counties and had their seat in Saár village, which since 1912 is a district of Sárvár. The family's nobility was confirmed in 1646 by King Ferdinand III.

Sopron County
Sopron (German: Ödenburg, Slovak: Šopron) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now divided between Austria and Hungary. The capital of the county was Sopron.
Diogo Calado
Diogo Calado (born 17 July 1990) is a Portuguese kickboxer and rapper who began practicing Shito-Ryu Karate at the age of 7. He is now a full-time Muay Thai and kickboxer, who has been professionally competing since 2008. He is a former Enfusion -75 kg World champion.

Shitō-ryū
Shitō-ryū (糸東流) is a form of karate that was founded in 1934 by Kenwa Mabuni (摩文仁 賢和, Mabuni Kenwa). Shitō-ryū is synthesis of the Okinawan Shuri-te and Naha-te schools of karate and today is considered one of the four main styles of the art.
Bronze laver (Temple)
The ten Brazen Lavers were bronze lavers used in the Temple of Solomon, in addition to the larger Molten Sea, according to the Book of Kings.

All this passage explains about the lavers themselves is their size, and that they were made from bronze. The mediaeval Masoretic Text claims that they were four cubits in diameter, and that they had a cubic capacity of forty baths, but the earlier writer Flavius Josephus claims that four cubits was the size of the radius, making the capacity even larger. Even with the masoretic text's measurements, these lavers would be so large that if one was to be filled with water, the water alone would weigh 14 long tons.

Biblical and Talmudic units of measurement
Biblical and Talmudic units of measurement were used primarily by ancient Israelites and appear frequently within the Hebrew Bible as well as in later rabbinic writings, such as the Mishnah and Talmud. These units of measurement continue to be used in functions regulating Orthodox Jewish contemporary life, based on halacha. The specificity of some of the units used and which are encompassed under these systems of measurement (whether in linear distance, weight or volume of capacity) have given rise, in some instances, to disputes, owing to the discontinuation of their Hebrew names and their replacement by other names in modern usage.

Note: The listed measurements of this system range from the lowest to highest acceptable halakhic value, in terms of conversion to and from contemporary systems of measurement.
Caterpillar C280
The Caterpillar C280 is a family of diesel internal combustion engines made by Caterpillar. The engine is 18.5 liters per cylinder in displacement. The cylinder size is 11.02 x 11.81 in. bore/stroke. The engine can produce 2400-7600 horsepower at 900 RPM. The peak torque occurs at an engine speed of 800 RPM. The Cat C280 is often used in locomotives and freight-class ships.

Engine displacement
Engine displacement is the measure of the cylinder volume swept by all of the pistons of a piston engine, excluding the combustion chambers. It is commonly used as an expression of an engine's size, and by extension as an indicator of the power (through mean effective pressure and rotational speed) an engine might be capable of producing and the amount of fuel it should be expected to consume. For this reason displacement is one of the measures often used in advertising, as well as regulating, motor vehicles.

It is usually expressed using the metric units of cubic centimetres (cc or cm3, equivalent to millilitres) or litres (l or L), or – particularly in the United States  – cubic inches (CID, c.i.d., cu in, or in3).
1933 Florida Gators football team
The 1933 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida during the 1933 college football season. The season was Florida alumnus Dennis K. Stanley's first as the head coach of the Florida Gators football team. Stanley, who had been a standout end on the great 1928 Gators team, assembled an all-Florida-alumni coaching staff and led the Gators to a 5–3–1 revival following two consecutive losing seasons in 1931 and 1932.

The 1933 season was also the first for the new Southeastern Conference (SEC), and Stanley's 1933 Florida Gators finished with a 2–3 SEC record and tied for ninth among the thirteen SEC charter members. The highlights of the 1933 season included SEC wins over the Sewanee Tigers and Auburn Tigers, and out-of-conference victories versus the North Carolina Tar Heels and Maryland Terrapins.

1932 Florida Gators football team
The 1932 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida during the 1932 college football season. The season was Charlie Bachman's fifth and last as the head coach of the Florida Gators football team. In the Gators' final year as members of the Southern Conference, they finished twentieth of twenty-three teams in the conference standings.
Connaught Type B
The Connaught Type B was a racing car made by Connaught Engineering of England used in Formula One racing between 1955 and 1958. Although not a success in the Formula One World Championship, it became the first British car since 1924 to win a Continental European motor race when Tony Brooks won the non-championship 1955 Syracuse Grand Prix.

Alta Car and Engineering Company
The Alta Car and Engineering Company was a British sports and racing car manufacturer, commonly known simply as Alta. Their cars contested five FIA World Championship races between 1950 and 1952, as well as Grand Prix events prior to this. They also supplied engines to a small number of other constructors, most notably the Connaught and HWM teams.
Pavlovsk railway station
Pavlovsk railway station (Russian: станция Павловск) is a railway station located in Pavlovsk, Pushkinsky District of Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is 26 km down-line from Vitebsky railway station and is situated between Tsarskoye Selo and Antropshino on the Saint Petersburg — Vitebsk line. Also it combines route out of Novolisino and Tosno on the Saint Petersburg — Moscow line. The station hosts suburban trains from Saint-Petersburg, Novolisino, Posyolok, Oredezh, Luga and Veliky Novgorod. Electric trains ED4M, ER2T, DT1 and railbus RA2 make a passenger trips from Pavlovsk. Long-distance trains have not stop at Pavlovsk station. The station is approximately 1,4 km from the town center. It has official status as an object of Russian cultural heritage.

Tosno
Tosno (Russian: То́сно) is a town and the administrative center of Tosnensky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Tosna River, 53 kilometers (33 mi) southeast of the center of St. Petersburg. Population:  39,101 (2010 Census); 38,683 (2002 Census); 32,459 (1989 Soviet census).
1986 Hammersmith and Fulham London Borough Council election
The 1986 Hammersmith and Fulham Council election took place on 8 May 1986 to elect members of Hammersmith and Fulham London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the Labour party gained overall control of the council.

Hammersmith and Fulham London Borough Council
Hammersmith and Fulham London Borough Council, which styles itself Hammersmith and Fulham Council, is the local authority for the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham in Greater London, England. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2014. The council's usual meeting place is at Hammersmith Town Hall.
Op. 144
In music, Op. 144 stands for Opus number 144. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Reger – Der Einsiedler

Saint-Saëns – Cavatine

Schumann – "Neujahrslied" for chorus and orchestra

Shostakovich – String Quartet No. 15

Cavatine (Saint-Saëns)
The Cavatine for Trombone and Piano, Op. 144, is a chamber music composition by French composer Camille Saint-Saëns, written in 1915. The piece was dedicated to George W. Stewart, a trombonist and the musical director of the 1915 World's Fair in San Francisco, where Saint-Saëns had participated in several concerts. Composed immediately after Saint-Saëns' return to Paris from the United States, the cavatina showcases the lyrical and vocal qualities of the trombone, despite its technical demands. The work was well received by Stewart and has since become one of the most popular solo pieces in the trombone repertoire.
Mie ikan
Mie ikan is an Indonesian noodle dish made of noodles and fish. The fish is used to make its soup and also becomes a topping or condiment for the dish. One of the famous ones is mie ikan from Toboali, South Bangka Regency.

Some regions throughout Indonesian archipelago have their specialty of mie ikan, include:

Mie ikan Toboali (Toboali fish noodle), noodle dish with seasoned mashed fish and bean sprouts.

Mie ikan laut pedas , a spicy saltwater fish noodle dish.

Mie ikan Namlea (Namlea fish noodle), fish noodle soup with shredded fish and vegetable.

Mie cakalang, skipjack tuna noodle soup from North Sulawesi.

Mie eungkot suree, spicy fish noodle soup of Laweung, Pidie Regency.

Mie Koba, Koba seer fish noodle soup.

Mie kocok Sabang, noodle soup with diced fish, bean sprouts and egg. There are two notable mie kocok Sabang, videlicet mie sedap and mie jalak.

Mie Tarempa, sweet sour tuna noodles from Riau Islands.

Sabang, Aceh
Sabang (Jawoë: سابڠ) is a city in Aceh province, Indonesia consisting entirely of Weh Island and several smaller islands off the northern tip of Sumatra. The administrative centre of the city is located 17 kilometres (11 mi) north of Banda Aceh. The city covers an area of 122.14 square kilometres (47.16 sq mi) and had a population of 43,391 in the 2020 census although that total was subsequently adjusted to 41,197; the official estimate as of mid 2023 was 43,527. Sabang is known as the northernmost and westernmost city of Indonesia. It also has by far the smallest population of any city in Indonesia.
Graeme Jose
Graeme Jose (21 November 1951 – 23 June 1973) was an Australian cyclist. He competed in the individual road race and team time trial events at the 1972 Summer Olympics. On 23 June 1973, while taking part in a race in Feldkirch, Austria, he ran into the rear of a parked tray topped lorry and was killed.

Cycling at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race
In cycling at the 1972 Summer Olympics, the men's individual road race was held on 7 September. There were 163 starters from 48 nations. The maximum per NOC was four. A total of 76 cyclists finished the race. The event was won by Hennie Kuiper of the Netherlands, the nation's first victory in the men's individual road race and first medal in the event since 1948. Clyde Sefton earned Australia's first medal in the event with his silver. Jaime Huélamo of Spain finished third, but was disqualified after failing a drug test; the medal was not reassigned. Bruce Biddle of New Zealand was not awarded the bronze medal as he had not been tested for drugs. Italy missed the podium, breaking a four-Games streak of gold and silver medals.
Ian McElroy
Ian M. McElroy is a musician from Omaha, Nebraska, who played keyboards for Desaparecidos from 2001  to 2003  and was one of the founding members of the group.  He played keyboards for Bright Eyes at one time and contributed to Criteria's album En Garde.  Bright Eyes, Sorry About Dresden, Cursive, and Desaparecidos performed at a benefit concert for his brother Collin in 2001. McElroy's rap project, Rig. 1, is signed to Team Love Records, and released Above the Tree Line, West of the Periodic in 2008. Ian is also the cousin of indie musician and fellow Desaparecidos member Conor Oberst.

Sorry About Dresden
Sorry About Dresden was an indie rock band from Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The band formed in 1997 and was signed to Saddle Creek Records. Sorry About Dresden has released three full-length albums, an EP, and has appeared on several compilations.
Secretary of State of Texas
The secretary of state of Texas is one of the six members of the executive department of the State of Texas in the United States. Under the Constitution of Texas, the appointment is made by the governor of Texas, with confirmation by the Texas Senate.

The officeholder is the chief elections officer, the protocol officer for state and international matters, as well as the liaison for the governor on Mexican and border matters.

The secretary of state offices are in the James Earl Rudder State Office Building at 1019 Brazos Street in Austin; the main building handles business and public filings, statutory documents, administrative code open meetings and the UCC. The secretary of state elections office is on the second floor of the James Earl Rudder Building. The executive offices are in Room 1E.8 in the Texas State Capitol.

Texas State Capitol
The Texas State Capitol is the capitol and seat of government of the U.S. state of Texas. Located in downtown Austin, Texas, the structure houses the offices and chambers of the Texas Legislature and of the Governor of Texas. Designed in 1881 by architect Elijah E. Myers, it was constructed from 1882 to 1888 under the direction of civil engineer Reuben Lindsay Walker. A $75 million underground extension was completed in 1993. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970 and recognized as a National Historic Landmark in 1986.

The Texas State Capitol is 302.64 feet (92.24 m) tall, making it the sixth-tallest state capitol and one of several taller than the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. The capitol was ranked 92nd in the 2007 "America's Favorite Architecture" poll commissioned by the American Institute of Architects.