hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2015 Speedway World Cup Event 1
Event One of the 2015 Monster Energy FIM Speedway World Cup was the opening race of the 2015 edition of the Speedway World Cup. It was run on June 6 at Stadion Miejski in Gniezno, Poland and was won by Sweden from hosts Poland, Russia, and the Czech Republic. As a result, Sweden progressed directly to the 2015 Speedway World Cup Final, while Poland and Russia progressed to the 2015 Speedway World Cup Race-off. The Czech Republic were eliminated.

Sweden were led to victory by Linus Sundström and Antonio Lindbäck, both of whom scored double figures. They were supported by Peter Ljung and Andreas Jonsson, who scored nine and eight points respectively. The meeting was somewhat overshadowed by an injury to Polish captain Jarosław Hampel, who broke his leg in two places after colliding with Russia's Vitaly Belousov in just the fourth heat of the meeting. As a result, Poland were forced to ride the rest of the meeting with just three riders.

Gniezno
Gniezno is a city in central-western Poland, about 50 kilometres (31 miles) east of Poznań. Its population in 2021 was 66,769, making it the sixth-largest city in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. The city is the administrative seat of Gniezno County (powiat).

One of the Piast dynasty's chief cities, it was the first historical capital of Poland in the 10th century and early 11th century, and afterwards remained one of the main cities of the historic region of Greater Poland. Gniezno is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gniezno, the country's oldest archdiocese, founded in 1000, and its archbishop is the primate of Poland, making the city the country's ecclesiastical capital. The Gniezno Cathedral is one of the most historically important churches in Poland, and as such is a designated Historic Monument of Poland. Other sights include the Old Town and the Museum of the Origins of the Polish State.
Gunthoti Venkata Subbaiah
Gunthoti Venkata Subbaiah was an Indian politician from YSR Congress Party. He was elected as a member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Badvel. On March 28, 2021, Venkata Subbaiah died in a private hospital at Kadapa after suffering from protracted illness for a long time.

YSR Congress Party
The Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party (lit. 'Youth, Labour, and Farmer Congress Party', YSRCP or YCP), often shortened to simply the YSR Congress Party, is an Indian regional political party based in the state of Andhra Pradesh. The party was initially registered with Election Commission of India by Kolishetti Shiva Kumar. Thereafter, the party was taken over by its current president, Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy, having served as the state's chief minister from 2019-2024. It currently has 4 seats in the Lok Sabha.
Daliu Township, Hubei
Daliu (Chinese: 大柳; pinyin: Dàliǔ) is a township in Yunyang District (formerly known as Yun County) in the Qin Mountains of northwestern Hubei province, China, located more than 20 kilometres (12 mi) north-northwest of the county seat and 40 km (25 mi) north of downtown Shiyan. The township administers 12 villages.: 342

Village (China)
Villages (Chinese: 村; pinyin: Cūn), formally village-level divisions (村级行政区; Cūn Jí Xíngzhèngqū) in China, serve as a fundamental organizational unit for its rural population (census, mail system). Basic local divisions like neighborhoods and communities are not informal, but have defined boundaries and designated heads (one per area). In 2000, China's densely populated villages (>100 persons/square km) had a population greater than 500 million and covered more than 2 million square kilometers, or more than 20% of China's total area. By 2020, all incorporated villages (with proper conditions making it possible) had road access, the last village to be connected being a remote village in Sichuan province's Butuo County.
Beck Cole
Beck Cole is an Australian filmmaker of the Warramungu and Luritja nations. She is known for her work on numerous TV series, including First Australians, Grace Beside Me, Black Comedy and Wentworth, as well as documentaries and short films. She is based in Alice Springs, in the Northern Territory.

ImagineNATIVE Film and Media Arts Festival
The imagineNATIVE Film + Media Arts Festival is the world's largest Indigenous-focused film and media arts festival, held annually in Toronto. The festival focuses on the film, video, radio, and new media work of Indigenous, Aboriginal and First Peoples from around the world. The festival includes screenings, parties, panel discussions, and cultural events.

As an organization, imagineNATIVE supports the creation of new works through their commissioning program, and national outreach to and for Indigenous communities through various off-site programs throughout the year. imagineNATIVE also commissions industry reports on the status of Indigenous film production in Canada.

Held in October each year for most of its history, in February 2024 the festival announced that it would not be held that year, and will shift to June in 2025.
Mary Gonzaga Grace
Mary Gonzaga Grace (February 22, 1812 – October 8, 1897), born Anne Grace, was an American religious sister, a member of the Sisters of Charity order based in Emmitsburg, Maryland. She was longtime executive at the St. Joseph's Orphan Asylum in Philadelphia, and during the American Civil War she was Superioress at the Satterlee Hospital in the same city.

Religious sister
A religious sister (abbreviated: Sr.) is a Christian woman who has taken public vows in a religious order dedicated to apostolic works. Though often referred to as nuns, they are canonically distinct. Nuns, religious sisters and canonesses all use the term "Sister" as a form of address. Religious sisters are found in various traditions of Christianity, particularly Catholicism, Evangelical Lutheranism and Anglicanism. In the Catholic Church, religious sisters are associated with a religious institute.
Scopula sentinaria
Scopula sentinaria is a species of moth of the  family Geometridae. It is found from Alaska to Labrador, south in the prairies to southern Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia. In the mountains it ranges south to Colorado. The species is also found in northern Russia and the Sayan Mountains. The habitat consists of dry shrubby clearings and edges.

The wingspan is 20–27 mm. Adults are on wing from early June to late July in one generation in North America.

Larvae have been reared on Polygonum aviculare. Fourth or fifth instar larvae overwinter.

Polygonum aviculare
Polygonum aviculare or common knotgrass is a plant related to buckwheat and dock. It is also called prostrate knotweed, birdweed, pigweed and lowgrass. It is an annual found in fields and wasteland, with white flowers from June to October. It is widespread across many countries in temperate regions, apparently native to Eurasia, naturalized in temperate parts of the Southern Hemisphere.
1912 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1912.

Animal track
An animal track is an imprint left behind in soil, snow, or mud, or on some other ground surface, by an animal walking across it. Animal tracks are used by hunters in tracking their prey and by naturalists to identify animals living in a given area.
IBM ALP
IBM Assembly Language Processor (ALP) is an assembler written by IBM for 32-bit OS/2 Warp (OS/2 3.0), which was released in 1994.

ALP accepts source programs compatible with Microsoft Macro Assembler (MASM) version 5.1, which was originally used to build many of the device drivers included with OS/2.  For OS/2 versions 3 and 4, ALP was distributed, along with other tools and documentation, as part of the Device Driver Kit (DDK).  The DDK was withdrawn in 2004 as part of IBM's discontinuance of OS/2.

Device driver
A device driver is software that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. A driver provides a software interface to hardware devices, enabling other software to access hardware functions without needing to know precise details about the hardware.

A driver communicates with the device through the computer bus or communications subsystem to which the hardware connects. When a calling program invokes a routine in the driver, the driver issues commands to the device (drives it). Once the device sends data back to the driver, the driver may invoke routines in the original calling program.

Drivers are hardware-dependent and operating-system-specific. They usually provide the interrupt handling required for any necessary asynchronous time-dependent hardware interface.
Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov (politician)
Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov (Udmurt and Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Во́лков; 25 December 1951 – 20 May 2017) was the President of the Udmurt Republic. As President, Volkov was the highest official in the Udmurt Republic, the head of the republic's highest executive body, and leader of its two million citizens. Volkov took office November 3, 2000, for a five-year term after the first presidential elections in the Udmurt Republic took place on October 15, 2000.  Prior to the elections, Volkov was the speaker of the Udmurtia Republican Legislature.

Udmurtia
Udmurtia, officially the Udmurt Republic, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is administratively part of the Volga Federal District. Its capital is the city of Izhevsk.

It was established as the Udmurt (until 1931 — Votskaya) an autonomous region of the Udmurts, Udmurtia, within Russia on November 4, 1920.
Steve Russell (writer)
Steve Russell, an enrolled member of the Cherokee Nation, was a poet, journalist and academic, as well as a former trial court judge and Associate Professor Emeritus of Criminal Justice, Indiana University Bloomington.

Criminal justice
Criminal justice is the delivery of justice when a crime is committed. The criminal justice system is a series of government agencies and institutions. Goals include retribution, reformation and rehabilitation of offenders, preventing other crimes, and support for victims. The primary institutions of the criminal justice system are the police, prosecution and defense lawyers, the courts and the prison system.
Wharf Revue
The Wharf Revue is a series of musical comedy revues presented by the Sydney Theatre Company. Each show features four comedians – usually Jonathan Biggins, Phillip Scott and Drew Forsythe, accompanied by a female performer – satirising media personalities and political events in sketches and songs. Female Wharf Revue performers have included Amanda Bishop, Genevieve Lemon, Jacki Weaver and Helen Dallimore (filling in), with Amanda Bishop having been the regular performer since 2017.

The revue has become something of a Sydney cultural institution.

Genevieve Lemon
Genevieve Lemon (born 1959) is an Australian actress and singer who has appeared in a number of Australian television series and international film, including a frequent collaboration with Jane Campion for Academy Award-winning The Piano (1993) and The Power of the Dog (2021), which earned her a Satellite Award as cast member and a Critic's Choice Awards nomination.

Lemon is known for her television soap opera roles including Zelda Baker in The Young Doctors, Marlene "Rabbit" Warren in Prisoner and Brenda Riley in Neighbours.

Lemon has also appeared in numerous musical and stage productions, performing in major Australian theatres, including the 2008 original Australian stage production of Billy Elliot the Musical in which she won the Helpmann Award for Best Leading Actress.
Ardericca in Susiana
Ardericca in Susiana (also spelled Arderikka; Ancient Greek: Ἀρδέρικκα) was an ancient village in Cissia mentioned by Herodotus (6.119.2). Described as being located about 40 km from Susa, it is noted for being the location where the Achaemenid king Darius I (r. 522-486 BC) settled the inhabitants of Eretria, after the city was taken by his admiral Datis in 490 BC. The site is commonly identified with the modern-day place of "Kīr-āb", located to the north of Susa. Herodotus further states that the village was famous for a spring located 7 km from it, where salt, oil and asphalt were produced. He also described it as being a stathmos ("farmstead") of Darius I, implying that Ardericca in Susiana was perhaps one of the king's own estates.

Herodotus also mention that the Eretrians were still living there during his time and they were speaking Greek.

Farmstead
A farmstead refers to the buildings and service areas associated with a farm. It consists of the farmhouse along with the surrounding buildings. The characteristics of a specific farmstead reflect the local landscape, which provides their environmental context. Some farmsteads have additional outlying field barns and outfarms somewhat further afield than the main cluster of buildings at the farmstead.
Places (Lea Michele album)
Places is the second studio album by American singer Lea Michele. It was released on April 28, 2017, by Columbia Records. The album was preceded by the lead single, "Love Is Alive".

Places received mixed reviews from critics, though Michele's vocal performance received a positive reception. In the United States, the album sold over 16,000 copies in its first week, debuting at number 28 on the Billboard 200 albums chart. In the United Kingdom, the album debuted at number 37 on the UK Albums Chart. In Canada, the album reached number 21 in its first week of release. As well as the first single "Love Is Alive", three promotional singles were also released in the lead up to the album. Songwriters who feature on the album include singers Ellie Goulding, Linda Perry, Allie X, and Alexandra Savior.

Linda Perry
Linda Perry (born April 15, 1965) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, and record producer. She is the lead singer and primary songwriter and guitarist of 4 Non Blondes, including their 1993 hit "What's Up?". She has since founded two record labels and composed and produced songs for other artists, which include: "Beautiful" by Christina Aguilera; "What You Waiting For?" by Gwen Stefani; and "Get the Party Started" by Pink. Perry also contributed to albums by Adele, Alicia Keys, and Courtney Love, as well as signing and distributing James Blunt in the United States. Perry was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2015.
Praid
Praid  (Hungarian: Parajd, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈpɒrɒjd]; German: Salzberg) is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania, and is composed of six villages: Becaș (Békástanya), Bucin (Bucsin), Ocna de Jos (Alsósófalva), Ocna de Sus (Felsősófalva), Praid (Parajd), and Șașvereș (Sásverés).

The route of the Via Transilvanica long-distance trail passes through the villages of Șașvereș and Praid.

Long-distance trail
A long-distance trail (or long-distance footpath, way, greenway) is a longer recreational trail mainly through rural areas used for hiking, backpacking, cycling, equestrianism or cross-country skiing. They exist on all continents except Antarctica.

Many trails are marked on maps. Typically, a long-distance route will be at least 50 km (30 mi) long, but many run for several hundred miles, or longer.

Many routes are waymarked and may cross public or private land and/or follow existing rights of way. Generally, the surface is not specially prepared, and the ground can be rough and uneven in areas, except in places such as converted rail tracks or popular walking routes where stone-pitching and slabs have been laid to prevent erosion. In some places, official trails will have the surface specially prepared to make the going easier.
Seek (conference)
Seek (stylized as SEEK) is an annual Catholic young adult conference organized by Fellowship of Catholic University Students. The conference is among the largest regular gatherings of Catholics in the world.

The most recent conference, held January 1–5, 2025, was held concurrently in Salt Lake City, Utah, Washington, D.C., and Cologne, Germany. Over 21,000 people attended, including 46 Catholic bishops. Speakers at Seek have included Charles J. Chaput, Benedict Groeschel, Mike Schmitz, Jim Caviezel, Jason Evert, Arthur C. Brooks, Tammy Peterson, and Oscar Solis.

Oscar Solis
Oscar Azarcón Solís (born October 13, 1953) is a Filipino-American prelate of the Catholic Church who has served as bishop of Salt Lake City in Utah since 2017. He previously served as an auxiliary bishop for the Archdiocese of Los Angeles in California from 2003 to 2017.

Solís is the first Filipino-American Catholic bishop and the first Asian-American to lead a Catholic diocese. He speaks fluent English, Spanish, and Tagalog.
Weichselia
Weichselia is an extinct genus of fern. They were abundant from the Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. While generally supposed to have affinities to Matoniaceae, some research has suggested that they have closer affinites to the Marattiales, though its morphology is strongly divergent from both of these groups. They are thought to have grown similar to modern tree ferns, with an upright stem topped with a crown of fronds. The genus filled multiple ecological niches, such as being the primary mangrove tree for millions of years.

Marattiaceae
Marattiaceae is the only family of extant (living) ferns in the order Marattiales. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), Marattiales is the only order in the subclass Marattiidae. The family has six genera and about 110 species. Many are different in appearance from other ferns, having large fronds and fleshy rootstocks.
Peter Gustavsson
Peter Carl-Gustaf Gustavsson (30 March 1958 – 3 September 2023) was a Swedish ice hockey player. He played two games in the National Hockey League with the Colorado Rockies in the 1981–82 season. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1977 to 1994, was mainly spent with Västra Frölunda IF in Sweden. He died in September 2023, at the age of 65.

Colorado Rockies (NHL)
The Colorado Rockies were a professional ice hockey team in the National Hockey League (NHL) that played in Denver from 1976 to 1982. They were founded as the Kansas City Scouts, an expansion team that began play in the NHL in the 1974–75 season. The Scouts moved from Kansas City, Missouri, to Denver for the 1976–77 season. After six seasons in Denver, the franchise moved to East Rutherford, New Jersey, for the 1982–83 season and was renamed the New Jersey Devils. Denver went without an NHL team until the Quebec Nordiques relocated to become the Colorado Avalanche following the 1994–95 season. The Colorado Rockies, a Major League Baseball (MLB) team also based in Denver that began play in 1993, took its name from the NHL franchise.
Sijerčić
Sijerčić is a Bosnian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hedina Tahirović-Sijerčić (born 1960), Bosnian Gurbeti Romani journalist, broadcaster, writer, translator, linguistic researcher and teacher

Sanela Sijerčić (born 1976), Bosnian folk singer

Sinan Pasha Sijerčić (died 1806), Ottoman Bosnian general

Gurbeti
Gurbeti (also Kurbet or Kurbat or غربتی in Persian) are a sub-group of the Romani people living in Turkey, Albania, Bulgaria, Kosovo, Serbia, and the former Yugoslavia whose members are Eastern Orthodox and predominantly Muslim Roma. The Gurbeti make up approximately two thirds of the population of Roma in Mačva, many of whom work in agriculture. In Kosovo, other Romani groups viewed the Gurbeti negatively.
MKF-6 (multispectral camera)
The MKF-6 is a multispectral camera that was designed and made in East Germany for the purpose of remote sensing of the Earth's surface. The device was built by the Kombinat Carl-Zeiss-Jena in cooperation with the Institute for Electronics of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR, where optical elements for the Soviet space program were developed and produced since 1969.

The MKF-6 permits the combined utilization of photogrammetry and spectroscopy. It was first employed on Soyuz 22 in September 1976, on a Soyuz 7K-MF6 and on all subsequent space flights of the USSR and Russia until the end of the space station Mir in 2001. The camera is considered to be a milestone of celestial cartography and pointed the way to the HRSC camera, which was developed by Jena-Optronik GmbH, a former division of the Jenoptik Group of the Carl Zeiss AG, established in 1992 after German reunification.

Because of its suitability for espionage, the MKF-6 was never sold to non-Warsaw Pact states.

Celestial cartography
Celestial cartography, uranography,
astrography or star cartography is the aspect of astronomy and branch of cartography concerned with mapping stars, galaxies, and other astronomical objects on the celestial sphere. Measuring the position and light of charted objects requires a variety of instruments and techniques. These techniques have developed from angle measurements with quadrants and the unaided eye, through sextants combined with lenses for light magnification, up to current methods which include computer-automated space telescopes. Uranographers have historically produced planetary position tables, star tables, and star maps for use by both amateur and professional astronomers. More recently, computerized star maps have been compiled, and automated positioning of telescopes uses databases of stars and of other astronomical objects.
Pyropteron triannuliformis
Pyropteron triannuliformis is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is found from most of Europe (except Ireland, Great Britain, the Iberian Peninsula, the Benelux, Denmark and Fennoscandia) to the Near East and Central Asia.

The wingspan is 14–20 mm. Adults are on wing in June and July.

The larvae feed on the roots of Rumex species (including Rumex acetosella, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex palustris and Rumex conglomeratus) as well as Geranium sanguineum.

Rumex acetosella
Rumex acetosella, commonly known as red sorrel, sheep's sorrel, field sorrel and sour weed, is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family Polygonaceae. Native to Eurasia including the British Isles, the plant and its subspecies are common perennial weeds. It has green arrowhead-shaped leaves and red-tinted deeply ridged stems, and it sprouts from an aggressive and spreading rhizome. The flowers emerge from a tall, upright stem. Female flowers are maroon in color.
Linguistic monogenesis and polygenesis
In historical or evolutionary linguistics, monogenesis and polygenesis are two different hypotheses about the phylogenetic origin of human languages. According to monogenesis, human language arose only once in a single community, and all current languages come from the first original tongue. On the other hand, according to polygenesis, human languages came into being in several communities independently, and current tongues derived from different sources.

Merritt Ruhlen
Merritt Ruhlen (May 10, 1944 – January 29, 2021) was an American linguist who worked on the classification of languages and what this reveals about the origin and evolution of modern humans. Amongst other linguists, Ruhlen's work was recognized as standing outside the mainstream of comparative-historical linguistics. He was the principal advocate and defender of Joseph Greenberg's approach to language classification.