hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mahmud ibn Sa'd
Mahmud ibn Sa'd (محمود بن سعد Maḥmūd ibn Saʿd; Azerbaijani: Mahmud ibn Səd) was an architect who lived in the 13th–14th centuries. Among his works are old Bibi-Heybat Mosque (demolished in 1936), Nardaran Fortress and Molla Ahmad Mosque in Baku's Old City, all three in the modern-day Republic of Azerbaijan.

Nardaran Fortress
Nardaran Fortress (Azerbaijani: Nardaran qalası) is a historical and architectural monument located in the Nardaran settlement of the Sabunçu district in Baku. The fortress has been registered as a monument of global significance by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Azerbaijan. In 2001, the Nardaran Fortress, along with other Caspian defense structures, was included in UNESCO's Tentative List.

The Nardaran Fortress consists of fortress walls enclosing a square-shaped courtyard and a cylindrical tower located at the center of the courtyard. Local stone was used in the construction of the fortress.
Sapogenin
Sapogenins are aglycones (non-saccharide moieties) of saponins, a large family of natural products. Sapogenins contain steroid or other triterpene frameworks as their key organic feature. Some steroidal sapogenins can serve as a practical starting point for the semisynthesis of particular steroid hormones.

Aglycone
An aglycone (aglycon or genin) is the chemical compound remaining after the glycosyl group on a glycoside is replaced by a hydrogen atom. For example, the aglycone of a cardiac glycoside would be a steroid molecule.
Tara Tarini Mandir
Tara Tarini Pitha (ତାରାତାରିଣୀ ପୀଠ) is a Hindu temple of Adi Shakti and one of the Adi Shakti Pithas, at the Kumari hills on the bank of Rushikulya river near Purushottampur in Ganjam district of Odisha,  around 28km from Brahmapur city.

Brahmapur, Odisha
Brahmapur (pronounced [bɾɔhmɔpuɾ]; also known as Berhampur) is a city on the eastern coastline of Odisha, India. Known as the "Silk City" it is home to Odisha's one of the major and the oldest railway station. It ranks as the 4th most populous city of Odisha. Berhampur is also called the "food capital of Odisha".
Shawn Decker (sound artist)
Shawn L. Decker is a sound artist, musician, composer, and academic who creates sound and electronic media installations and writes music for live performance, film, and video. He is a professor of Sound and Media Art at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago (SAIC) and is the founder and partner of Sketchbook Brewing.

Decker operates at the intersection of music composition, visual arts, and performance, utilizing both physical and electronic media to explore natural and artificial environments. He incorporates technology and technological processes alongside the study of birdsong, ornithology, and traditional elements like Irish and American folk fiddle traditions. His work merges physical techniques from sculpture with environmental sound and music performance. He has frequently collaborated with artists Jan-Erik Andersson in Turku, Finland, and Anne Wilson in Chicago.

Artificiality
Artificiality (the state of being artificial, anthropogenic, or man-made) is the condition of being the product of intentional human manufacture (namely, by artifice), rather than occurring naturally through processes not involving or requiring human activity.
Research Assessment Exercise
The Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) was an exercise undertaken approximately every five years on behalf of the four UK higher education funding councils (HEFCE, SHEFC, HEFCW, DELNI) to evaluate the quality of research undertaken by British higher education institutions. RAE submissions from each subject area (or unit of assessment) are given a rank by a subject specialist peer review panel. The rankings are used to inform the allocation of quality weighted research funding (QR) each higher education institution receives from their national funding council.  Previous RAEs took place in 1986, 1989, 1992, 1996 and 2001. The most recent results were published in December 2008. It was replaced by the Research Excellence Framework (REF) in 2014.

Various media have produced league tables of institutions and disciplines based on the 2008 RAE results. Different methodologies lead to similar but non-identical rankings.

Department for Employment and Learning
The Department for Employment and Learning (DEL) (Irish: An Roinn Fostaíochta agus Foghlama; Ulster Scots: Depairtment for Employ an Learnin) was a devolved Northern Ireland government department in the Northern Ireland Executive. The minister with overall responsibility for the department was the Minister for Employment and Learning.  The department was initially known as the Department of Higher and Further Education, Training and Employment (DHFETE), between 1999 and 2001.

Following the Fresh Start Agreement of November 2015, DEL was dissolved and its functions transferred to the Department for the Economy and Department for Communities, in order to reduce the size of the Northern Ireland Executive.
Elizabeth McClure
Elizabeth McClure (born 1957) is a New Zealand-based glass artist who was born in Lanark, Scotland.

McClure was formally educated at the Edinburgh College of Art receiving a Diploma in Art (Glass Design) in 1979 and a Post Graduate Diploma in 1980. McClure has lived, taught and exhibited internationally in Japan, UK, USA, Australasia and Iceland. After completing her studies, McCLure worked at a number of UK glassmakers and from 1985 to 1986 McClure taught glass design in Japan. During the 1990s McClure lectured at Auckland's UNITEC and between 2005 and 2009 was the MFA studio supervisor at Whitecilff College of Art, Auckland. Between 1991 and 1993 McClure held the presidents position of Ausglass, an example of her involvement within the contemporary glass movement. Helen Schamroth writes, 'McClure's glass reflects her diverse background, and reveals a broad vocabulary of skills including blowing and casting'.

Te Papa
The Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa is New Zealand's national museum and is located in Wellington.  Usually known as Te Papa (Māori for 'the treasure box'), it opened in 1998 after the merging of the National Museum of New Zealand and the National Art Gallery. An average of more than 1.1 million people visit every year, making it the 58th-most-visited art gallery in the world in 2023. Te Papa operates under a bicultural philosophy, and emphasises the living stories behind its cultural treasures.
International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship
The International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering issues related to the marketing of sports that was established in 1999. Since 2004 it has been published  by International Marketing Reports. The journal is abstracted and indexed by PsycINFO and the Social Sciences Citation Index. It is currently published by the Emerald Publishing Group.

PsycINFO
PsycINFO is a database of abstracts of literature in the field of psychology. It is produced by the American Psychological Association and distributed on the association's APA PsycNET and through third-party vendors. It is the electronic version of the defunct Psychological Abstracts. In 2000, it incorporated PsycLIT which had been published on CD-ROM.

PsycINFO contains citations and summaries since 1887 of journal articles, book chapters, books, and dissertations.
2017 SEC women's basketball tournament
The 2017 Southeastern Conference women's basketball tournament was a postseason women's basketball tournament for the Southeastern Conference held at Bon Secours Wellness Arena in Greenville, South Carolina, from March 1 through 5, 2017. South Carolina won their 3rd straight SEC tournament title and earned an automatic bid to the 2017 NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Tournament.

2017 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament
The 2017 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament was played from Friday, March 17 to Sunday, April 2, 2017, with the Final Four played at the American Airlines Center in Dallas, Texas on March 31 and April 2. This was the first time that the women's Final Four was played in Dallas and the first time since 2002 that the Final Four games were played on Friday and Sunday, rather than Sunday and Tuesday. South Carolina defeated Mississippi State to win the championship.

Tennessee continued its record streak of making every NCAA women's basketball tournament at 36 consecutive appearances. UConn also continued its record streak of 10 consecutive Final Four appearances.
2023 Burg-Wächter Ladies Open – Doubles
Mariam Bolkvadze and Samantha Murray Sharan were the defending champions but chose not to participate.

Greet Minnen and Yanina Wickmayer won the title, defeating Freya Christie and Ali Collins in the final, 6–1, 6–3.

Yanina Wickmayer
Yanina Wickmayer (born 20 October 1989) is a Belgian former professional tennis player. She reached the semifinals at the 2009 US Open, and a career-high ranking of world No. 12, on 19 April 2010. In doubles, she achieved a career-high of world No. 61, on 11 September 2023. She was awarded "Most Improved Player" by the WTA in 2009. Time magazine named her one of the "30 Legends of Women's Tennis: Past, Present and Future" in June 2011.
Ithaca Bombers football
The Ithaca Bombers football team represents Ithaca College in college football at the NCAA Division III level. The Bombers are members of the Liberty League, fielding its team in the Liberty League since 2017. The Bombers play their home games at Butterfield Stadium in Ithaca, New York.

Their team's coach is Michael Toerper, who took over the position for the 2022 season.

Ithaca College
Ithaca College is a private college in Ithaca, New York, United States. It was founded by William Egbert in 1892 as a conservatory of music. Ithaca College provides media-related programs and entertainment programs within the Roy H. Park School of Communications and the Ithaca College School of Music, Theatre, and Dance. The college has a liberal arts focus, and offers several pre-professional programs, along with several graduate programs, mainly in business, health sciences, and teaching degrees through the School of Humanities and Sciences.
Culture of Luxembourg
The culture of Luxembourg refers to the cultural life and traditions of Luxembourg. Most citizens are trilingual, speaking French and German in addition to the Germanic national language of Luxembourgish. Although its contributions to the arts are not largely known outside its borders, Luxembourg has a rich cultural history, especially in music, painting and photography. Its evolving museums, concert halls, theatres and galleries testify to its citizens' growing appreciation of culture.

Echternach
Echternach (German pronunciation: [ˈɛçtɐnax], French pronunciation: [ɛʃtəʁnax]; Luxembourgish: Iechternach [ˈi̯əɕtɐnɑχ] ⓘ or locally Eechternoach) is a commune with town status in the canton of Echternach, in eastern Luxembourg. Echternach lies near the border with Germany, and is the oldest town in Luxembourg.
Aaron II
A Khazar ruler during the early 10th century CE, Aaron ben Benjamin was the son of the Khazar king Benjamin. Whether Aaron, like the rest of the Bulanids, was a Khagan or a Bek is an unresolved issue.

According to the anonymous author of the Schechter Letter, during Aaron's reign a war was launched against Khazaria by a Byzantine-inspired coalition led by the Alans, who had been allies of Aaron's father Benjamin. Aaron defeated his enemies with the help of Oghuz mercenaries and captured the king of the Alans. Rather than execute his captive, he demanded an oath of fealty and spared his life. The Alan king's daughter married Aaron's son Joseph. In Khazarian Hebrew Documents of the Tenth Century, Omeljan Pritsak dated this war to the early reign of Romanos I (i.e., the early 920s CE).

Schechter Letter
The Schechter Letter, also called the Genizah Letter or Cambridge Document, was discovered in the Cairo Geniza by Solomon Schechter in 1912. It is an anonymous Khazar letter discussing several matters including the wars of the early 940s, involving the Byzantine Empire, the Khazar Khaganate, and Kievan Rus'. Scholars have debated its authenticity.
Mozhaysky's airplane
Mozhaysky's airplane (Russian: Самолёт Можайского) was an experimental Russian airplane designed and built by a naval officer Alexander Mozhaysky (also transliterated as Mozhayskiy, Mozhayski, Mozhaiski and Mozhaisky). Powered by two steam engines, the monoplane design reputedly made a powered take off assisted by the use of a ramp, flying between 20 and 30 m (66–98 ft) near Krasnoye Selo, Russia in 1884.

Experimental aircraft
An Experimental aircraft is an aircraft intended for testing new aerospace technologies and design concepts.

The term research aircraft or testbed aircraft, by contrast, generally denotes aircraft modified to perform scientific studies, such as weather research or geophysical surveying, similar to a research vessel.

The term "experimental aircraft" also has specific legal meaning in Australia, the United States and some other countries; usually used to refer to aircraft flown with an experimental certificate. In the United States, this also includes most homebuilt aircraft, many of which are based on conventional designs and hence are experimental only in name because of certain restrictions in operation.
2001 Premier League speedway season
The 2001 Premier League speedway season was the second division of speedway in the United Kingdom and governed by the Speedway Control Bureau (SCB), in conjunction with the British Speedway Promoters' Association (BSPA).

Knockout Cup (speedway)
Knockout Cup (sometimes referred to as the KO Cup) is a type of British motorcycle speedway competition, examples of which have run annually since 1929.

Each tier of British Speedway has its own respective Knockout Cup. The current Knockout Cup competitions are the SGB Premiership Knockout Cup (tier one), the SGB Championship Knockout Cup (tier two) and the National League Knockout Cup (tier three).

The cups were run in the past under the associated name of the League at the time. For example Elite League Knockout Cup when tier one was the Elite League, a Premier League Knockout Cup when tier two was the Premier League and so on.
Tesser
Tesser is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham Tesser (born 1941), American psychologist

Attilio Tesser (born 1958), Italian footballer and manager

Gregory Tesser (born 1946), English journalist

Kristina Tesser Derksen, Canadian politician

Rafael Tesser (born 1981), Brazilian footballer

Ray Tesser (1912–1982), American football player

Kristina Tesser Derksen
Kristina Tesser Derksen (born 1978 or 1979) is a Canadian lawyer and politician who was elected as the member of Parliament for Milton East—Halton Hills South in the 2025 Canadian federal election as a member of the Liberal Party. She previously served two terms as a Milton town councillor.
Frederick Noronha
Frederick Noronha (born 23 December 1963) is an Indian journalist, writer, publisher, and Wikipedia editor based in Saligão, Goa. He is active in cyberspace and involved with e-ventures related to Goa, developmental concerns, and free software. Noronha primarily writes about free software/open-source issues, technology, and computing in India. He is the co-founder of BytesForAll and the founder of Goa 1556, an alternate publishing house.

Wikipedia community
The Wikipedia community, collectively and individually known as Wikipedians, is an online community of volunteers who create and maintain Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia. Wikipedians may or may not consider themselves part of the Wikimedia movement, a global network of volunteer contributors to Wikipedia and other related projects hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.
Danush Shahverdyan
Daniel (Danush) Aleksandri Shahverdyan (Armenian: Դանիել (Դանուշ) Ալեքսանդրի Շահվեդյան; Russian: Даниэл (Дануш) Александрович Шавердян; January 11 (23), 1882 – October 24, 1941) was an Armenian Old Bolshevik and Soviet statesman. A participant in the revolutionary movement in Transcaucasia, he was one of the organizers of the Communist Party of Armenia.

South Caucasus
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia, or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia.
2006 Hounslow London Borough Council election
The 2006 Hounslow Council election took place on 4 May 2006 to elect members of Hounslow London Borough Council in London, England. The whole council was up for election and the Labour Party lost control of the council, but remained the largest party. Meanwhile, the Conservatives gained 8 seats from Labour, with the Community Group gaining 3 seats and Hounslow Independent Alliance gaining 2.

Hounslow London Borough Council
Hounslow London Borough Council, also known as Hounslow Council, is the local authority for the London Borough of Hounslow in Greater London, England. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2010. The council is based at Hounslow House on Bath Road in Hounslow.
Peter Chandler (politician)
Peter Glen Chandler (born 18 July 1965) is an Australian politician. He was a Country Liberal Party member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly, and held the seat of Brennan from 2008 to 2016. He was Deputy Chief Minister from 2014 to 2015 and a minister under both Terry Mills and Adam Giles. He lost his seat at the 2016 general election. Chandler lives in Palmerston with his wife, Robyn, and four children.

Mills ministry
The Mills ministry was the ministry of the ninth Chief Minister of the Northern Territory, Terry Mills. It came into operation on 4 September, following the election of the Mills Country Liberal government in the 2012 election. Terry Mills and Robyn Lambley were sworn in as Chief Minister and Deputy Chief Minister respectively on 29 August 2012.

A reshuffle took place on 6 March 2013 following the resignation of Robyn Lambley as Deputy Chief Minister and Treasurer, and the expulsion from cabinet of Dave Tollner after a heated disagreement with Mills.

On 12 March 2013, Mills was replaced as Chief Minister by Adam Giles.
1969 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Nagaland Legislative Assembly were held in February 1969 to elect members of the 40 constituencies in Nagaland, India. Nagaland Nationalist Organisation won a majority of the seats and Hokishe Sema was appointed as the Chief Minister of Nagaland.

Nagaland was converted to a state by the State of Nagaland Act, 1962 and the first elections were called for in 1964. The five-year term for that assembly came to an end in January 1969.

Nagaland Legislative Assembly
The Nagaland Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Nagaland. Nagaland became a state of India on 1 December 1963 and after election in January 1964, the first Nagaland Legislative Assembly was formed on 11 February 1964. In 1974, the number of the elected Nagaland Legislative Assembly members was increased to the present strength of 60.

There is no nominated member in the House, all the members are elected on the basis of adult franchise from single-seat constituencies. The normal tenure of the House is five years unless dissolved sooner. The seat of the legislative assembly is Kohima, the capital of Nagaland.
Gresovščak
Gresovščak (pronounced [ˈɡɾeːsɔʃtʃak], in older sources Greserščak, German: Grüsserschak) is a small dispersed settlement in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice) in the Municipality of Ljutomer in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria and is now included in the Mura Statistical Region.

There is a small Neo-Gothic chapel-shrine in the settlement. It was built in last quarter of the 19th century.

Dispersed settlement
A dispersed settlement, also known as a scattered settlement, is one of the main types of settlement patterns used by landscape historians to classify rural settlements found in England and other parts of the world.  Typically, there are a number of separate farmsteads scattered throughout the area. A dispersed settlement contrasts with a nucleated village.

The French term bocage is sometimes used to describe the type of landscape found where dispersed settlements are common.

In addition to Western Europe, dispersed patterns of settlement are found in parts of Papua New Guinea, as among the Gainj, Ankave, and Baining tribes. It is also frequently met with in nomadic pastoral societies.
In Ghana, Kumbyili in the northern region is also an example of a dispersed settlement
Ulyatuy
Ulyatuy (Russian: Улятуй) is a rural locality (a selo) in Olovyanninsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 643 (2021 census); 795 (2010 census); 1,009 (2002 census);  There are 11 streets in this selo.

Olovyanninsky District
Olovyanninsky District (Russian: Оловяннинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the south of the krai, and borders with Baleysky District in the north, Borzinsky District in the south, and with Mogoytuysky District in the west.  The area of the district is 6,300 square kilometers (2,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban-type settlement) of Olovyannaya. Population: 43,494 (2010 census); 49,426 (2002 Census); 60,810 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Olovyannaya accounts for 19.3% of the district's total population.
Giancarlo Martini
Giancarlo Martini (16 August 1947 – 26 March 2013) was a racing driver from Italy. He participated in two non-championship Formula One Grands Prix driving a Ferrari 312T for Giancarlo Minardi. He was the uncle of the racing drivers Pierluigi Martini and Oliver Martini.

Ferrari 312T
The Ferrari 312T was a Ferrari Formula One car design, based on the 312B3 from 1974. In various versions, it was used from 1975 until 1980. It was designed by Mauro Forghieri for the 1975 season, and was an uncomplicated and clean design that responded well to mechanical upgrades.

The 312T series won 27 races, four Constructors' and three Drivers' Championships, making it the most successful car design in Formula One history. It was replaced for the 1981 season by the 126 C, Ferrari's first turbocharged F1 car. It was also Ferrari's last naturally-aspirated F1 car until the Ferrari 640 in 1989, after the ban on turbocharged engines.
Geoffrey Coe
Geoffrey Coe (born 29 March 1943) is a former English cricketer.  Coe was a right-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium pace.  He was born at Earl Shilton, Leicestershire.

Coe made a single first-class appearance for Leicestershire against Cambridge University at Fenner's in 1963. Coe wasn't called upon to bat in either of Leicestershire's innings, while with the ball he took the wickets of Edward Antrobus in Cambridge University's first-innings, and Richard Hutton in their second, bowling a total of 26 overs and conceding 77 runs for his two wickets.  Leicestershire won the match by 9 wickets. This was his only major appearance for Leicestershire.

Over (cricket)
In cricket, an over consists of six legal deliveries bowled from one end of a cricket pitch to the player batting at the other end, almost always by a single bowler.

A maiden over is an over in which no runs are scored that count against the bowler (so leg byes and byes may be scored as they are not counted against the bowler). A wicket maiden is a maiden over in which a wicket is also taken. Similarly, double and triple wicket maidens are when two and three wickets are taken in a maiden over.

After six deliveries the umpire calls 'over'; the fielding team switches ends, and a different bowler is selected to bowl from the opposite end. The captain of the fielding team decides which bowler will bowl any given over, and no bowler may bowl two overs in succession.