hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Communauté d'agglomération de la Presqu'île de Guérande Atlantique
Communauté d'agglomération de la Presqu'île de Guérande Atlantique (also: Cap Atlantique) is the communauté d'agglomération, an intercommunal structure, centred on the towns of La Baule-Escoublac and Guérande. It is located in the Loire-Atlantique and Morbihan departments, in the Pays de la Loire and Brittany regions, western France. Created in 2017, its seat is in La Baule-Escoublac. Its area is 386.1 km2. Its population was 75,119 in 2019.

Guérande
Guérande (French pronunciation: [ɡeʁɑ̃d] ⓘ; Breton: Gwenrann, pronounced [ɡwɛnˈrãnː]; Gallo: Geraundd) is a medieval town located in the department of Loire-Atlantique, and the region of Pays de la Loire, Western France.
The inhabitants are referred to as Guérandais (masculine), and Guérandaise (feminine).

The Guérande Peninsula overlooks two contrasting landscapes: the "Pays Blanc" (White Land), because of its salt marshes, and the "Pays Noir", with the Brière peat bog. The town's salt marshes have made it a renowned producer of salt, and it is the traditional source of fleur de sel, a type of garnishing salt.

Since 2004, the medieval town of Guérande has been a member of a national network of 120 towns, the Villes et Pays d'Art et d'Histoire (Towns and Regions of Art and History). The fortified wall of Guérande is one of the best preserved and complete in France. Its circumference stretches 1434 meters.
Kenya Kasahara
Kenya Kasahara (笠原 謙哉, born 15 May 1988) is a Japanese handball player and a member of the Japanese national team. He represented Japan at the 2019 World Men's Handball Championship and at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

1. deild karla (handball)
1. deild karla (English: Men's 1st Division), also known as Grill 66 deild karla for sponsorship reasons, is the second-tier men's handball competition among clubs in Iceland. It is managed by the Icelandic Handball Association. The current champions are Fjölnir.
Fuse Washington
Fuse Washington is a progressive advocacy organization in Washington state. It is a member of the ProgressNow network. Fuse, a 501(c)(4) organization, along with its sister organization the Fuse Innovation Fund, a 501(c)(3) organization, claims to be the state's largest progressive organization because of its email list of more than 100,000 people.

501(c) organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions.

For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to children or animals.
Quodlibet, BWV 524
The Quodlibet or Wedding Quodlibet, BWV 524, is a lighthearted composition by Johann Sebastian Bach which today exists only in fragmentary form. The line "In diesem Jahre haben wir zwei Sonnenfinsternissen" (In this year we have [seen] two solar eclipses) places the composition of the piece in or shortly after 1707, when central Germany was witness to two such celestial events. The extant source—a fair-copy autograph manuscript on three large, folded sheets—was not discovered until 1932.

The work itself is a loosely structured quodlibet for SATB and continuo. Bach likely did not write the text, which some attribute to the Leipzig poet Johann Christoph Gottsched. Though the cover sheet has been lost, the libretto of the remaining portion indicates that the quodlibet was to be performed at a wedding, possibly that of the composer himself to Maria Barbara Bach.

Maria Barbara Bach
Maria Barbara Bach (30 October [O.S. 20 October] 1684 – buried 7 July 1720) was a German singer and the first wife of composer Johann Sebastian Bach. She was also the daughter of his father's cousin Johann Michael Bach.
Rare Breeds Survival Trust
The Rare Breeds Survival Trust is a conservation charity whose purpose is to secure the continued existence and viability of the native farm animal genetic resources (FAnGR) of the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1973 by Joe Henson to preserve native breeds; since then, no UK-native breed has become extinct.

It maintains a watch list of rare native breeds of cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, goats and poultry, and an approved list of farm parks.

Projects have included the collection of genetic material to ensure the future of rare breeds in a farm animal "gene bank".  This project received publicity in the wake of the foot-and-mouth disease crisis in the UK and was supported by Charles III (while he was the Prince of Wales). The Trust also supports the Manx Ark Project, which provides sanctuary for rare breeds at several sites in the Isle of Man.

Genetic resources
Genetic resources are genetic material of actual or potential value, where genetic material means any material of plant, animal, microbial or other origin containing functional units of heredity.
Genetic resources is one of the three levels of biodiversity defined by the Convention on Biological Diversity in Rio, 1992.
Dieter Zeppenfeld
Dieter Zeppenfeld from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, was awarded the status of Fellow in the American Physical Society, after they were nominated by their Division of Particles and Fields in 1999, for pioneering contributions to the theoretical formulation of effective electroweak gauge boson interactions in a model-independent way and in the linear-sigma model, which initiated phenomenological and experimental studies of gauge boson anomalous coup.

Sigma model
In physics, a sigma model is a field theory that describes the field as a point particle confined to move on a fixed manifold. This manifold can be taken to be any Riemannian manifold, although it is most commonly taken to be either a Lie group or a symmetric space. The model may or may not be quantized. An example of the non-quantized version is the Skyrme model; it cannot be quantized due to non-linearities of power greater than 4. In general, sigma models admit (classical) topological soliton solutions, for example, the skyrmion for the Skyrme model.  When the sigma field is coupled to a gauge field, the resulting model is described by Ginzburg–Landau theory.  This article is primarily devoted to the classical field theory of the sigma model; the corresponding quantized theory is presented in the article titled "non-linear sigma model".
Kališovec
Kališovec (pronounced [kaˈliːʃɔʋəts]) is a settlement west of Senovo in the Municipality of Krško in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

There is a small chapel-shrine in the settlement, dedicated to the Virgin Mary. It was built in the late 19th century.

Wayside shrine
A wayside shrine is a religious image, usually in some sort of small shelter, placed by a road or pathway, sometimes in a settlement or at a crossroads, but often in the middle of an empty stretch of country road, or at the top of a hill or mountain.  They have been a feature of many cultures, including Chinese folk religious communities, Catholic and Orthodox Europe and some Asian regions.
Endomyocardial biopsy
Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is an invasive procedure used routinely to obtain small samples of heart muscle, primarily for detecting rejection of a donor heart following heart transplantation. It is also used as a diagnostic tool in some heart diseases.

A bioptome is used to gain access to the heart via a sheath inserted into the right internal jugular or less commonly the femoral vein. Monitoring during the procedure consists of performing ECGs and blood pressures. Guidance and confirmation of correct positioning of the bioptome is made by echocardiography or fluoroscopy.

The risk of complications is less than 1% when performed by an experienced physician in a specialist centre. Serious complications include perforation of the heart with pericardial tamponade, haemopericardium, AV block, tricuspid regurgitation and pneumothorax.

EMB, sampling myocardium was first pioneered in Japan by S. Sakakibra and S. Konno in 1962.

Atrioventricular block
Atrioventricular block (AV block) is a type of heart block that occurs when the electrical signal traveling from the atria, or the upper chambers of the heart, to ventricles, or the lower chambers of the heart, is impaired. Normally, the sinoatrial node (SA node) produces an electrical signal to control the heart rate. The signal travels from the SA node to the ventricles through the atrioventricular node (AV node). In an AV block, this electrical signal is either delayed or completely blocked. When the signal is completely blocked, the ventricles produce their own electrical signal to control the heart rate. The heart rate produced by the ventricles is much slower than that produced by the SA node.

Some AV blocks are benign, or normal, in certain people, such as in athletes or children. Other blocks are pathologic, or abnormal, and have several causes, including ischemia, infarction, fibrosis, and drugs.
Spiral Q Puppet Theater
Spiral Q Puppet Theater is a puppet troupe founded in 1995 by Matthew "Mattyboy" Hart in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. After traveling the country, Hart was inspired by the street performance work of the Radical Faeries and the Bread and Puppet Theater in Glover, Vermont. On his return to Philadelphia, Hart founded Spiral Q as a way to use his new interest in puppetry, street theatre and pageantry to promote social and political change.

Social change
Social change is the alteration of the social order of a society which may include changes in social institutions, social behaviours or social relations. Sustained at a larger scale, it may lead to social transformation or societal transformation.
Ilgyshevskoye Rural Settlement
Ilgyshevskoye Rural Settlement (Russian: Илгышевское се́льское поселе́ние; Chuvash: Йăлкăш ял тăрăхĕ, Yălkăsh jal tărăkhĕ) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the central part of the district. Its administrative center is the rural locality (a village) of Ilgyshevo. Rural settlement's population: 1,026 (2006 est.).

Ilgyshevskoye Rural Settlement comprises six rural localities.

The Cheboksary–Alikovo highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.

State Council of the Chuvash Republic
The State Council of the Chuvash Republic (Russian: Государственный Совет Чувашской Республики, romanized: Gosudarstvennyy Sovyet Chuvashskoy Respubliki; Chuvash: Чăваш Республикин Патшалăх Канашĕ, romanized: Čăvaš Respublikin Patšalăh Kanašĕ) is the regional parliament of Chuvashia, a federal subject of Russia. It consists of 44 deputies elected for five-year terms.

The presiding officer is the chairman.
Cihangazi
Cihangazi is a village in the Bozüyük District, Bilecik Province, Turkey. Its population is 279 (2021). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Bozüyük. The name of the village probably refers to an undated tombstone of a certain war hero named Cihangazi (literally "World veteran"). Cihangazi was a more populous town in the past and its population is decreasing because of migration to cities.

Bilecik Province
Bilecik Province (Turkish: Bilecik ili) is a province in midwest Turkey, neighboring Bursa to the west, Kocaeli and Sakarya to the north, Bolu to the east, Eskişehir to the southeast and Kütahya to the south. Its area is 4,179 km2, and its population is 228,673 (2022). Most of the province laid down in Marmara region but eastern parts of Gölpazarı and Söğüt district and districts of İnhisar and Yenipazar remained in Black Sea Region, smaller southeastern parts of Bozüyük and Söğüt remained in Central Anatolia Region and smaller southwestern part of Bozüyük remained in Aegean Region.
Muli Tibetan Autonomous County
Muli Tibetan Autonomous County (Chinese: 木里藏族自治县; pinyin: Mùlǐ Zàngzú Zìzhìxiàn; Tibetan: སྨི་ལི་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་རྫོང smi-li rang-skyong-rdzong; Yi: ꃆꆹꀒꋤꊨꏦꏱꅉꑤ mup li op zzup zyt jie jux dde xiep) is in the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in the southwest of Sichuan province, China, bordering Yunnan province to the southwest. It is a remote, mountainous and forested region with few roads. The highest peaks are nearly 6000 metres in height.  The trio of the sacred Konkaling mountains - Shenrezig, Jambeyang and Chanadorje in Yading Natural Park - lie to the west in Daocheng County, barely accessible by rough jeep track from Chabulang in northern Muli County.

Loloish languages
The Loloish languages, also known as Yi (like the Yi people) and occasionally Ngwi or Nisoic, are a sub-branch of 50–100 Tibeto-Burman languages spoken primarily in the Yunnan province of Southwestern China. They are most closely related to Burmese and its relatives. Both the Loloish and Burmish branches are well defined, as is their superior node, Lolo-Burmese. However, sub-classification is more contentious.

The 2013 edition of Ethnologue  estimated a total number of 9 million native speakers of Loloish ("Ngwi") languages, the largest group being the speakers of Nuosu (Northern Yi) at 2 million speakers.
Nitrone-olefin (3+2) cycloaddition
The nitrone-olefin (3+2) cycloaddition reaction is the combination of a nitrone with an alkene or alkyne to generate an isoxazoline or isoxazolidine via a (3+2) cycloaddition process. This reaction is a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, in which the nitrone acts as the 1,3-dipole, and the alkene or alkyne as the dipolarophile.

1,3-dipole
In organic chemistry, a 1,3-dipolar compound or 1,3-dipole is a dipolar compound with delocalized electrons and a separation of charge over three atoms, as follows: the dipole has at least one resonance structure with positive and negative charges having a 1,3 relationship which can generally be denoted as +a−b−c−, where a may be a carbon, oxygen or nitrogen, b may be nitrogen or oxygen, and c may be a carbon, oxygen or nitrogen.

They are reactants in 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions.

Known 1,3-dipoles are:

Azides (RN3)

Ozone (O3)

Nitro compounds (RNO2)

Diazo compounds (R2CN2)

Some oxides
Azoxide compounds (RN(O)NR)
Carbonyl oxides (Criegee zwitterions)
Nitrile oxides (RCN−O)
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
Nitrones (R2CN(R)O)

Some imines:
Azomethine imine
Nitrilimines (RCN−NR, analogous to nitrile oxide)
Carbonyl imines

Some ylides
Azomethine ylide
Nitrile ylide (RCNCR'2)
Carbonyl ylide
Thiosulfines (R2CSS)
Manic Dream Pixie
Manic Dream Pixie is the debut extended play by Australian singer-songwriter Peach PRC, released on 28 April 2023 through Republic Records. The EP debuted at number one on the Australian ARIA Albums Chart.

A pride edition of the EP called Music Is Universal: Manic Dream Pixie Pride featuring previous singles "God Is a Freak", "Symptomatic", "Forever Drunk", and "Heavy", was released on 9 June 2023.

The EP was nominated for three awards at the 2023 ARIA Music Awards, and two at the 2024 Rolling Stone Australia Awards.

A deluxe version of the EP was released on 26 April 2024 with new song "You're So Lucky You're Gorgeous".

Rolling Stone Australia Awards
The Rolling Stone Australia Awards are awarded annually in January or February by the Australian edition of Rolling Stone magazine for outstanding contributions to popular culture in the previous year. The awards initially commenced in 2010 and ran until 2015, before being relaunched in March 2021.
Later Liang–Jin War
The Later Liang–Jin War, or simply the Liang–Jin War (Chinese: 梁晋争霸), was a prolonged war fought in northern and central China between 884 and 923 during the late Tang dynasty and the early Five Dynasties period. The initial belligerents were the warlords Li Keyong and Zhu Wen (then known as Zhu Quanzhong), who went on to found the Former Jin dynasty and Later Liang dynasty respectively.

After their deaths, their sons Li Cunxu and Zhu Youzhen continued the hostility, which also involved other quick-to-change-allegiance warlords mainly in modern Hebei. The war ended with the conquest of Zhu Youzhen's Later Liang dynasty by Li Cunxu's Later Tang dynasty in 923, after four decades of bloodshed that left much of the fertile Central Plain region destitute.

Li Keyong
Li Keyong (Chinese: 李克用; pinyin: Lǐ Kèyòng) (October 24, 856 – February 24, 908) was a Chinese military general and politician of Shatuo ethnicity, and from January 896 the Prince of Jin (Chinese: 晉王; pinyin: Jìn Wáng), which would become an independent state after the fall of the Tang dynasty in 907. Li served as a Jiedushi provincial military governor during the late Tang period and was an instrumental figure in the development of a Shatuo base of power in what is today's Shanxi Province of China. His son Li Cunxu (Emperor Zhuangzong), a child of his concubine Lady Cao, would succeed him as Prince of Jin and eventually become the founding emperor of the Later Tang dynasty in 923.
Hamilton Park (Chicago)
Hamilton Park is a public park at 513 W. 72nd Street in the Englewood neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. The park opened in 1904 as part of a plan led by the South Park Commission to add small neighborhood parks on Chicago's South Side. It was the first public park in Englewood. Landscape designers the Olmsted Brothers and architecture firm D. H. Burnham & Company collaborated on the park's design. The park opened with a fieldhouse, baseball field, wading pool, and walkways; within the decade, the designers added gymnasiums, a playground, and tennis courts. The fieldhouse has a Beaux-Arts design, and its inside features several murals of prominent figures in American history. The park was heavily used after it opened, and the fieldhouse in particular was booked so consistently that it was expanded in the 1920s.

The park was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 20, 1995.

D. H. Burnham & Company
D.H. Burnham and Company was an architecture firm based in Chicago, Illinois. As successor to Burnham and Root, the name was changed once John Root died in 1891. Root was the chief consulting architect for the World's Columbian Exposition. After Root's death, Daniel Burnham took that title along with his old title of Chief of Construction.
Ernest Gooden
Ernest E. Gooden (February 4, 1900 – October 19, 1934), nicknamed "Pud", was an American Negro league infielder in the 1920s.

A native of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Gooden made his Negro leagues debut in 1921 with the Homestead Grays and Pittsburgh Keystones. He rejoined Pittsburgh again the following season. Gooden made the Chicago American Giants roster in early 1923 before splitting time with the Toledo Tigers, Cleveland Tate Stars, and Detroit Stars the rest of the season. He died in Pittsburgh in 1934 at age 34.

Chicago American Giants
The Chicago American Giants were a Chicago-based Negro league baseball team. From 1910 until the mid-1930s, the American Giants were the most dominant team in black baseball. Owned and managed from 1911 to 1926 by player-manager Andrew "Rube" Foster, they were charter members of Foster's Negro National League. The American Giants won five pennants in that league, along with another pennant in the 1932 Negro Southern League and a second-half championship in Gus Greenlee's Negro National League in 1934.
Neena Gupta
Neena Gupta (born 4 June 1959) is an Indian actress and television director who works in Hindi films and other language films alongside TV series. Gupta has received several awards including three National Film Awards, a Filmfare Award and two Filmfare OTT Awards.

Known for her work in both art-house and commercial films, she won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing a young widow in Woh Chokri (1994) and for Uunchai (2022). In 2018, she saw career resurgence for starring as a middle-aged pregnant woman in the comedy-drama Badhaai Ho, for which she won the Filmfare Award for Best Actress (Critics) and received a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress.

Gupta's television appearances include a leading role in the drama series Saans (1999) and as the host of the Indian version of the television quiz show The Weakest Link, named Kamzor Kadii Kaun. In June 2021, publisher Penguin Random House India released her autobiography Sach Kahun Toh.

National Film Awards
The National Film Awards are awards for artistic and technical merit given for excellence within the Indian film industry. Established in 1954, it has been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate of Film Festivals from 1973 until 2020, and by the NFDC since 2021.

Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in New Delhi, where the President of India presents the awards. This is followed by the inauguration of the National Film Festival, where award-winning films are screened for the public. Declared for films produced in the previous year across the country, they hold the distinction of awarding merit to the best of Indian cinema overall, as well as presenting awards for the best films in each region and language of the country.
Carver Industrial Historic District
The Carver Industrial Historic District is a national historic district located at Carver, Richmond, Virginia. The district encompasses 13 contributing buildings located west of downtown Richmond.  The industrial area developed between 1890 and 1930, along the tracks of the Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad. The buildings are in a variety of popular 19th-century and early 20th century architectural styles including Queen Anne and Romanesque.

Notable buildings include the Peter Stumpf Brewing Company or the Home Brewery (1891), Baughman Stationery Company (1903), Consumers' Ice Company building (1906), American Tobacco Company warehouse (1906), Eagle Paper Company building (1912), Export Leaf Tobacco Company factory (1915), Haines, Jones and Cadbury Company (1926), Saunders Oil Company building (c. 1930), and the Virginia Railroad and Power Company substation (1915).

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

American Tobacco Company
The American Tobacco Company was a tobacco company founded in 1890 by J. B. Duke through a merger between a number of U.S. tobacco manufacturers including Allen and Ginter, Goodwin & Company, and Kinney Brothers. The company was one of the original 12 members of the Dow Jones Industrial Average in 1896. The American Tobacco Company dominated the industry by acquiring the Lucky Strike Company and over 200 other rival firms. Federal Antitrust action begun in 1907 broke the company into several major companies in 1911.

The American Tobacco Company restructured itself in 1969, forming a holding company called American Brands, Inc., which operated American Tobacco as a subsidiary. American Brands acquired a variety of non-tobacco businesses during the 1970s and 1980s and sold its tobacco operations to Brown & Williamson in 1994. American Brands subsequently renamed itself "Fortune Brands".