hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1907 Perth by-election
The 1907 Perth by-election was held on 12 February 1907. The by-election was held due to the resignation of the incumbent Liberal MP, Robert Wallace, in order to become Chairman of the County of London sessions. It was won by the Liberal candidate Sir Robert Pullar, who was unopposed. Pullar was then aged 79 years (less six days), making his possibly the oldest debut of a British MP in the 20th century.

UK parliamentary by-elections
In the United Kingdom, a parliamentary by-election occurs following a vacancy arising in the House of Commons. They are often seen as a test of the rival political parties' fortunes between general elections.
KTTW
KTTW and KTTM (channel 7) are religious television stations licensed respectively to Sioux Falls and Huron, South Dakota, United States, owned and operated by Tri-State Christian Television (TCT). KTTW's transmitter is located in Rowena, while KTTM's tower is near Alpena, South Dakota.

KTTM operates as a full-time satellite of KTTW; its existence is only acknowledged in station identifications.

Established as a Fox affiliate on channel 17 in 1987, KTTW was the fourth commercial station to be built in Sioux Falls and the first Fox affiliate in the state. KTTM went on the air in 1991. Its owner, Independent Communications, Inc., sold the programming and Fox affiliation, as well as its five dependent translators, to Gray Television in 2020, resulting in the establishment of Fox Sioux Falls, a subchannel of KDLT-TV. It then sold the KTTW and KTTM facilities and licenses to Radiant Life Ministries, a sister company of TCT.

Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Sioux Falls (/suː ˈfɔːlz/ soo FAWLZ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is the county seat of Minnehaha County and also extends into northern Lincoln County. The population was 192,517 at the 2020 census (estimated at 209,289 in 2024). The Sioux Falls metropolitan area, with an estimated 308,000 residents, accounts for more than one-third of South Dakota's population. Chartered in 1856 on the banks of the Big Sioux River, the city is situated in rolling hills at the junction of Interstates 29 and 90.
Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area
Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area is a federally designated National Scenic Area within the Hiawatha National Forest in the US state of Michigan. The scenic area is administered by the U.S. Forest Service. It is contains all of 240-acre (97 ha)  Saint Helena Island, excluding the St. Helena Island Light. The Hiawatha National Forest was extended to encompass the island, which was acquired when existing property owners placed the land for sale.

The National Scenic Area was established by Public Law 106-431, known as the "Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area Act" of 2000.

St. Helena Island Light
The buildings of the St Helena Light complex are the sole surviving structures on St. Helena Island, in Mackinac County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The lighthouse on the St. Helena Island's southeastern point was built in 1872-1873 and went into operation in September 1873.  It became one of a series of lighthouses that guided vessels through the Straits of Mackinac, past a dangerous shoal that extends from the island.
2004–05 Mid-American Conference women's basketball season
The 2004–05 Mid-American Conference women's basketball season began with practices in October 2004, followed by the start of the 2004–05 NCAA Division I women's basketball season in November. Conference play began in January 2005 and concluded in March 2005. Bowling Green won the regular season title with a record of 13–3. Kate Endress of Ball State was MAC player of the year.

Regular season champion Bowling Green won the MAC tournament over seventh seeded Kent State. Kate Achter of Bowling Green was the tournament MVP. Bowling Green lost to Kansas State in the first of the NCAA tournament. Eastern Michigan played in the WNIT.

2005 MAC women's basketball tournament
The 2005 Mid-American Conference women's basketball tournament was the post-season basketball tournament for the Mid-American Conference (MAC) 2004–05 college basketball season. The 2005 tournament was held March 5–12, 2005. Regular season champion Bowling Green won the championship over Kent State. Kate Achter of Bowling Green was the MVP.
Facebook Platform
The Facebook Platform is the set of services, tools, and products provided by the social networking service Facebook for third-party developers to create their own applications and services that access data in Facebook.

The current Facebook Platform was launched in 2010.  The platform offers a set of programming interfaces and tools which enable developers to integrate with the open "social graph" of personal relations and other things like songs, places, and Facebook pages. Applications on facebook.com, external websites, and devices are all allowed to access the graph.

Third-party software component
In computer programming, a third-party software component is a reusable software component developed to be either freely distributed or sold by an entity other than the original vendor of the development platform. The third-party software component market is supported by the belief that component-oriented development improves efficiency and quality when developing custom applications. Common third-party software includes macros, bots, and software/scripts to be run as add-ons for popular developing software. In the case of operating systems such as Windows XP, Vista or 7, there are applications installed by default, such as Windows Media Player or Internet Explorer.
Watson Lake Airport
Watson Lake Airport (IATA: YQH, ICAO: CYQH) is located 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) west of Watson Lake, Yukon, Canada, and is operated by the Yukon government. The paved asphalt runway is 5,504 by 150 feet (1,678 m × 46 m) land is at an elevation of 2,255 ft (687 m).

Canadian Pacific Air Lines
Canadian Pacific Air Lines was a Canadian airline that operated from 1942 to 1987. It operated under the name CP Air from 1968 to 1986. Headquartered at Vancouver International Airport in Richmond, British Columbia, it served domestic Canadian as well as international routes until it was purchased by Pacific Western Airlines and absorbed into Canadian Airlines International.
Boonderoo
31°09′32″S 124°21′40″E﻿ / ﻿31.159°S 124.361°E﻿ / -31.159; 124.361﻿ (Boonderoo)

Boonderoo Station, often referred to as Boonderoo, is a pastoral lease that operates as a sheep station.

It is located about 268 kilometres (167 mi) east of Kambalda and 287 kilometres (178 mi) north east of Norseman on the western edge of the Nullarbor plain in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia. The ephemeral lake, Lake Boonderoo, from which the property takes its name is situated within the station boundary.

Boonderoo occupies an area of 3,144 square kilometres (1,214 sq mi) and consists mostly of deflated limestone plain with open bluebush and saltbush scrubland along with bindii grasslands and has a carrying capacity of 23,457 sheep.

The property was established in the early 1960s by the McGregor family who were granted three leases for a total area of 1,000,000 acres (4,047 km2) in the area. The three leases were for Boonderoo, Kanandah and Koonjarra.

Sheep station
A sheep station is  a large property (station, the equivalent of a ranch) in Australia or New Zealand, the main activity of which is the raising of sheep for their wool and/or meat. In Australia, sheep stations are usually in the south-east or south-west of the country. In New Zealand the Merinos are usually in the high country of the South Island. These properties may be thousands of square kilometres in size and run low stocking rates to be able to sustainably provide enough feed and water for the stock.

In Australia, the owner of a sheep station may be called a pastoralist, a grazier, or formerly a squatter (as in "Waltzing Matilda"), when their sheep grazing land was referred to as a sheep run.
Rivers State Independent Electoral Commission
The Rivers State Independent Electoral Commission (RSIEC), is a statutory body constituted by the Government of Rivers State, Nigeria, under section 5(a) of the Independent Electoral Commission Law (2000) to oversee the implementation of election procedures. Headquartered in Port Harcourt, the Commission's primary function is "to organize, undertake and supervise all elections to local government councils within the state." It consists of 7 members who are appointed by the Governor of Rivers State with confirmation by the Rivers State House of Assembly.

Government of Rivers State
The Government of Rivers State consists of elected representatives and appointed officials responsible for the government of Rivers State, Nigeria. Rivers State has a population of about 5 million people, and is one of the 36 states that make up the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The state government is composed of the executive, legislative, and
judicial branches, whose powers are vested by the
Constitution in the House of Assembly, the Governor and the High Court. The judiciary operates independently of the executive and the legislature. At the local level, elected officials are in charge of local government areas.
Theriogenology
Theriogenology is a specialty of veterinary medicine concerned with animal reproduction. This includes the physiology and pathology of male and female reproductive systems of animals and the clinical practice of veterinary obstetrics, gynecology, andrology and assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Theriogenologists are veterinarians with advanced training in animal reproduction like semen analysis, evaluation and processing, breeding soundness, in vitro fertilisation (IVF), embryo transfer and obstetrics.  In the United States, all theriogenologists are board-certified by the American College of Theriogenologists. The English word derives from the Greek words for beast (therio), creation (gen), and study (logos).

Andrology
Andrology (from Ancient Greek: ἀνήρ, anēr, genitive ἀνδρός, andros 'man' and -λογία, -logia) is a name for the medical specialty that deals with male health, particularly relating to the problems of the male reproductive system and urological problems that are unique to men. It is the parallel to gynecology, which deals with medical issues which are specific to female health, especially reproductive and urologic health.
USS Providence (SSN-719)
USS Providence (SSN-719), a Los Angeles-class submarine, is the fifth vessel of the United States Navy to be named for Providence, Rhode Island. The contract to build her was awarded to the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics Corporation in Groton, Connecticut on 16 April 1979 and her keel was laid down on 14 October 1982. She was launched on 4 August 1984 sponsored by Mrs. William F. Smith, and commissioned on 27 July 1985.

Providence is the first Los Angeles class submarine to be equipped with the Tomahawk missile Vertical Launch System (VLS). While others used test boxes and programs, Providence was the first submarine to launch a Tomahawk cruise missile from the VLS system using its combat system CCS MK1 and associated software Program C4.1.

Naval Submarine Base New London
Naval Submarine Base New London is the primary United States Navy East Coast submarine base, also known as the "Home of the Submarine Force." It is located in Groton, Connecticut, directly across the Thames River from its namesake city of New London.
2022 Vermont gubernatorial election
The 2022 Vermont gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 2022, to elect the governor of Vermont. Incumbent Republican governor Phil Scott won re-election to a fourth term in a landslide, defeating Democratic nominee Brenda Siegel.

This race was one of six Republican-held governorships up for election in 2022 in a state carried by Joe Biden in the 2020 presidential election. During the 2022 season, Scott enjoyed one of the highest approval ratings of any governor in the nation, and was expected to easily win reelection. As such, he carried every municipality in the state, this time with the largest margin in a Vermont gubernatorial race since Howard Dean's landslide in 1996. Scott's 47-point victory margin was the largest for a Republican candidate since 1950, even while Democratic congressman Peter Welch won the concurrent U.S. Senate election by a 40-point margin. This was the second-most lopsided gubernatorial election of the 2022 cycle, only behind the election in Wyoming.

Underhill, Vermont
Underhill is a town in Chittenden County in the U.S. state of Vermont. The population was 3,129 at the 2020 census.

The town of Underhill shares a fire department with Jericho, the Underhill-Jericho Fire Department.
Aghaz-e-safar
Aghaz-e-Safar (English: The Beginning of a Journey) is a Pakistani television talk show that aired on Aaj Television on 13 April 2014. It is hosted by Fakhr-e-Alam and directed by award-winning filmmaker and journalist Sharmeen Obaid Chinoy. The show highlights pressing social issues prevalent in Pakistan such as child abuse, labor rights, medical malpractice, sexual harassment, land grabbing, minority rights, gun control, domestic violence, challenges faced by people with disabilities, water crisis, and the failing education system in one-hour long episodes through short form documentaries, in-studio interviews and expert analysis. The show is the first of its kind to air in Pakistan.

The primary language of the show is Urdu and online versions of the episodes have been subtitled in English. It was Sharmeen Obaid Chinoy’s first venture into Pakistani television.

Minority rights
Minority rights are the normal individual rights as applied to members of racial, ethnic, class, religious, linguistic or gender and sexual minorities, and also the collective rights accorded to any minority group. In modern liberal democracy, the protection of minority rights is the main principle.

Civil-rights movements often seek to ensure that individual rights are not denied on the basis of membership in a minority group. Such civil-rights advocates include the global women's-rights and global LGBT-rights movements, and various racial-minority rights movements around the world (such as the Civil Rights Movement in the United States).

Issues of minority rights intersect with debates over historical redress or over positive discrimination.
Jambulingam
Jambulingam is a 1982 Indian Malayalam-language period film directed by J. Sasikumar, written by Pappanamkodu Lakshmanan, and produced by E. K. Thyagarajan. It is based on the life of outlaw Jambulingam Nadar. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jayabharathi, Adoor Bhasi and Manavalan Joseph in the lead roles. The film has musical score by M. K. Arjunan.

J. Sasikumar
Nambiathusseril Varkey John (14 October 1927 – 17 July 2014), better known by his screen name Sasikumar, was an Indian film director who worked in Malayalam cinema. He has directed more than 141 films in his career which began in the mid-1960s. He is often referred to as Hitmaker Sasikumar due to the commercial success of his films. In 2012, he was awarded the J. C. Daniel Award, Kerala government's highest honour for contributions to Malayalam cinema

Sasikumar holds record for directing most films (141) after Telugu film director Dasari Narayana Rao (151), most films having the same actor as hero Prem Nazir in 84 films and the most films directed in a year, 15 films in 1977. He died in 2014 at the age of 86.
Banca, Tasmania
Banca is a rural locality in the local government area (LGA) of Dorset in the North-east LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 35 kilometres (22 mi) north-east of the town of Scottsdale. The 2016 census recorded a population of nil for the state suburb of Banca.

Local government areas of Tasmania
The councils of Tasmania are the 29 local administrative units of the Australian state of Tasmania. Local government areas (LGAs), more generally known as councils, are the tier of government responsible for the management of local duties such as road maintenance, town planning and waste management.
Paisley Abercorn railway station
Paisley Abercorn railway station was a railway station in Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland. The station was built by the Glasgow and South Western railway when the former Scotch gauge Paisley and Renfrew Railway was converted to Standard Gauge and was joined to the Glasgow and Paisley Joint Railway at Arkleston Junction.

Glasgow and Paisley Joint Railway
The Glasgow and Paisley Joint Railway was the section of railway line between Glasgow Bridge Street railway station and Paisley, in the west of Scotland. It was constructed and operated jointly by two competing railway companies as the stem of their lines to Greenock and Ayr respectively, and it opened in 1840. The Joint Committee, which controlled the line, built a branch to Govan and later to Cessnock Dock, and then Prince's Dock.

With the passing of the Railways Act 1921 (Grouping Act) the line, together with the Caledonian Railway and the Glasgow and South Western Railway, became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS).

The line is still in heavy use today as the eastern end of the Inverclyde Line and the Ayrshire Coast Line.
Liberty High School (New Jersey)
Liberty High School is a four-year public high school located in Jersey City, in Hudson County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, serving students in ninth through twelfth grades as part of the Jersey City Public Schools. The school was established in September 1999 as a partnership between the Jersey City Board of Education and Hudson County Community College.

The school offers a very small learning community, in contrast to the large comprehensive high schools in the district, offering a family-like atmosphere where students feel involved, supported and challenged.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 188 students and 26.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 7.2:1. There were 91 students (48.4% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 12 (6.4% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Ninth grade
Ninth grade (also 9th or Grade 9) is the ninth year of formal or compulsory education in some countries. It is generally part of high school or secondary school depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.
1941 Palestine Cup
The 1941 Palestine Cup (Hebrew: הגביע הארץ-ישראלי, HaGavia HaEretz-Israeli) was the twelfth season of Israeli Football Association's nationwide football cup competition. The defending holders were Beitar Tel Aviv.

The competition was delayed by disagreements within the EIFA, and instead of its usual start in early 1941 and finish at the end of the 1940–41 season, matches started on 20 September 1941, at the start of the 1941–42 season.

This competition saw a rise in the number of British and Arab teams, in part due to the heavy military presence in Palestine during the war. Among these teams were some ad hoc teams, assembled for the competition and named after the chairmen or captain. Despite this, and for the fourth time since the competition started, the two top Tel Aviv teams, Maccabi and Hapoel met in the final. Maccabi won 2–1 to earn its 4th cup.

Beitar Tel Aviv F.C.
Beitar Tel Aviv Football Club (Hebrew: מועדון כדורגל בית"ר תל אביב) was an Israeli football club based from Tel Aviv. The club merged in 2000 with Shimshon Tel Aviv to create Beitar Shimshon Tel Aviv, and later, after the merge came apart, merged with Ironi Ramla to create Beitar Tel Aviv Ramla.

On 22 May 2019, Ramla withdrew the merger and the club merged with Maccabi Ironi Bat Yam,  and the club changed its name to Beitar Tel Aviv Bat Yam.
Internet in Croatia
Internet in Croatia was established in November 1992 when the first international connection linking Zagreb and Vienna became operational.

By 2022, 77% of the population, including 97% of youth aged 16 to 24, regularly use the internet, mainly for news, video calls, and entertainment, aligning with EU averages. The country ranks 14th among EU nations in digital technology integration, with enterprise adoption of advanced technologies being notable: 35% use cloud solutions, 43% implement e-invoices, and 9% apply AI solutions. Despite this progress and having completed 5G spectrum allocations in 2021, Croatia's ranking in the 2022 Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) is 21st out of 27 EU Member States.

Digital Economy and Society Index
The Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) monitors Europe's overall digital performance and tracks the progress of European Union (EU) countries regarding their digital competitiveness. On an annual basis, it monitors the performance of member states in digital connectivity, digital skills, online activity and digital public services in order to assess the state of digitalization of each member state as well as to identify areas requiring priority investment and action.

The 2022 DESI methodology encompasses four dimensions:

Human capital (internet user skills, advanced skills and development)

Connectivity (fixed and mobile broadband, broadband prices)

Integration of digital technology (digital intensity, digital technologies for business, e-commerce)

Digital public services (e-government)
National Archives Archeological Site (College Park, Maryland)
The National Archives Site is an archeological site at the National Archives facility in College Park, Prince George's County, Maryland. The site contains archeological remains from prehistoric settlements during the Late Archaic period, c. 4000-1500 B.C. Stone artifacts recovered through archeological testing indicate that this camp served as a place of stone tool manufacture and probably as a staging point for hunting and foraging. Physical integrity of the prehistoric component is high, with little plow disturbance or admixture with artifacts from other periods. The presence of a small number of other artifacts, including the projectile points, a spokeshave, and utilized flakes, indicates that the site also served in other hunting and foraging pursuits. It is one of a relatively small percentage of known prehistoric properties in Maryland with undisturbed archeological deposits.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 22, 1996.

Prince George's County, Maryland
Prince George's County (often shortened to PG County, PG, or PGC) is located in the U.S. state of Maryland bordering the eastern portion of Washington, D.C. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 967,201, making it the second-most populous county in Maryland, behind neighboring Montgomery County. The 2020 census counted an increase of nearly 104,000 in the previous ten years. Its county seat is Upper Marlboro. It is the most populous African American-majority county in the United States, as well as the second most affluent behind neighboring Charles County.

The county is part of the Capital region of the state, though portions of the county are considered to be in Southern Maryland. The county also hosts many federal governmental facilities, such as Joint Base Andrews and the United States Census Bureau headquarters.
John Betts Jr.
John Betts Jr. (November 17, 1692 – June 27, 1767)  was a member of the House of Representatives of the Colony of Connecticut from Norwalk in the sessions of October 1731, October 1736, May 1739, May and October 1741, May 1742, and May 1743

He was the son of John Betts.

He was appointed to be an auditor of the accounts of the treasurer of the Colony of Connecticut on May 10, 1739.

He was a justice of the peace from 1746 to 1748.

Norwalk, Connecticut
Norwalk is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. The city, part of the New York Metropolitan Area, is the sixth-most populous city in Connecticut as of the 2020 census, with a population of 91,184.

Norwalk is on the northern shore of Long Island Sound and was first settled in 1649.