hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glossary of United Kingdom railway terms
This article contains a list of jargon used to varying degrees by railway enthusiasts, trainspotters, and railway employees in the United Kingdom, including nicknames for various locomotives and multiple units. Although not exhaustive, many of the entries in this list appear from time to time in specialist, rail-related publications. There may be significant regional variation in usage.

2-6-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-6-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, usually in a leading truck, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and no trailing wheels. This arrangement is commonly called a Mogul.
Vicente Fox Center of Studies, Library and Museum
The Vicente Fox Center of Studies, Library and Museum is a presidential history center founded by former President of Mexico (2000-2006) Vicente Fox in San Cristóbal near his ranch in Guanajuato, Mexico. The Center is funded by the Fox Center Civil Association.

Some of the members of the civil association are:

Vicente Fox

Marta Sahagún

Carlos Slim Helú

Emilio Azcárraga Jean

Ricardo Salinas Pliego

Olegario Vázquez Raña

Roberto Hernández

Federico Sada González

Lorenzo Zambrano

Arturo Elías Ayub

Emilio Azcárraga Jean
Emilio Fernando Azcárraga Jean (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈmiljo asˈkaraɣa ʝin] ⓘ; born 21 February 1968) is a Mexican businessman who is the chairman of mass media company Televisa and professional football team Club América.

In 1997, at the age of 29, Azcárraga Jean became the CEO of Grupo Televisa – which had been founded by his family in 1973 – following the death of his father Emilio Azcárraga Milmo. He led Televisa for twenty years, and was credited with the financial turnaround of a highly indebted and struggling company. Under Azcárraga Jean, Televisa expanded its satellite TV, cable and telecommunications businesses, however the rise of the internet and growing competition are considered the main reasons behind years of declining advertising revenue. He stepped down from his role as CEO in 2017, though still serves as the company’s chairman of the board.
1855 Bursa earthquake
The 1855 Bursa earthquake occurred on 28 February, with an estimated magnitude of 7.02±0.64 Mw A devastating precursor quake that took place in Mustafakemalpaşa, a town of Bursa Province, in Turkey caused severe destruction all over Bursa and other neighboring cities. 300 people died and thousands of homes and workplaces were wrecked, and some of the historical monuments and buildings including mosques collapsed. Subsequently, fire spread out in the city, which increased the death toll.

On 11 April 1855, an aftershock of the 28 February earthquake was recorded as Mw  6.65±0.33. This aftershock affected the region from Gemlik to Mudanya. 1,300 people died. Gökmen-zâde Seyyid el-Hâcî Hüseyin Rıfat Efendî Bursavî wrote about these earthquakes in his book İşaret-numa, written in the Ottoman Turkish language.

Aftershock
In seismology, an aftershock is a smaller earthquake that follows a larger earthquake, in the same area of the main shock, caused as the displaced crust adjusts to the effects of the main shock. Large earthquakes can have hundreds to thousands of instrumentally detectable aftershocks, which steadily decrease in magnitude and frequency according to a consistent pattern. In some earthquakes the main rupture happens in two or more steps, resulting in multiple main shocks. These are known as doublet earthquakes, and in general can be distinguished from aftershocks in having similar magnitudes and nearly identical seismic waveforms.
Outcast (1928 film)
Outcast is a 1928 American synchronized sound drama film produced and distributed by First National Pictures. While the film has no audible dialog, it was released with a synchronized musical score with sound effects using the sound-on-disc Vitaphone process. It was directed by William A. Seiter and stars Corinne Griffith, often considered one of the most beautiful women in film. This story had been filmed in 1917 as The World and the Woman with Jeanne Eagels. In 1922 a Paramount film of the same name with Elsie Ferguson reprising her stage role was released. Both films were based on a 1914 play, Outcast, by Hubert Henry Davies which starred Ferguson. The Seiter/Griffith film was an all silent with Vitaphone music and sound effects. In the sound era the story was filmed once again as The Girl from 10th Avenue starring Bette Davis. According to the Library of Congress database shows a print surviving complete at Cineteca Italiana in Milan.

First National Pictures
First National Pictures was an American motion picture production and distribution company. It was founded in 1917 as First National Exhibitors' Circuit, Inc., an association of independent theatre owners in the United States, and became the country's largest theater chain. Expanding from exhibiting movies to distributing them, the company reincorporated in 1919 as Associated First National Theatres, Inc., and Associated First National Pictures, Inc. In 1924 it expanded to become a motion picture production company as First National Pictures, Inc., and became an important studio in the film industry. In September 1928, control of First National passed to Warner Bros., into which it was completely absorbed on November 4, 1929. A number of Warner Bros. films were thereafter branded First National Pictures until July 1936, when First National Pictures, Inc., was dissolved.
99 Nights in Logar
99 Nights in Logar, published January 8, 2019, is the debut novel of Jamil Jan Kochai. The novel is set in Logar, Afghanistan, and is narrated by an Afghan-American boy named Marwand, who recounts the summer he spent in 2005 visiting his parents' hometown. The novel begins "On the Thirty Second Morning" of Marwand's stay.

99 Nights in Logar received wide critical acclaim and Kochai was selected as finalist for the PEN/Hemingway Award for Debut Novel.

Afghan Americans
Afghan Americans are Americans with ancestry from Afghanistan. They form the largest Afghan community in North America. Afghan Americans may originate from any of the ethnic groups in Afghanistan.

The Afghan community in the United States was minimal until large numbers were admitted as refugees following the December 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Others have arrived similarly during and after the latest war in Afghanistan. Afghan Americans reside and work all across the United States. The states of California, Virginia and New York historically had the largest number of Afghan Americans. Thousands may also be found in the states of Arizona, Texas, Georgia, Colorado,  Washington, Oklahoma, Nebraska, Missouri, North Carolina, Maryland and Illinois.
Daviesia umbonata
Daviesia umbonata is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a bushy, openly-branched shrub with narrowly elliptic to narrowly egg-shaped, sharply pointed phyllodes and yellow and red flowers.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
.338 Federal
The .338 Federal is a rifle cartridge based on the .308 Winchester case necked up to .33 caliber. It was created by Federal Cartridge and SAKO in 2006 and intended as a big-game cartridge with reasonable recoil for lightweight rifles. .338 Federal can fit SR-25 pattern magazines but requires some modification for reliability

SAKO
Sako Limited (natively Sako Oy) is a Finnish firearm and ammunition manufacturer located in Riihimäki, Kanta-Häme in southern Finland. It also has owned the Tikka brand of bolt-action rifles since 1983, and is now owned by the Italian firearm holding company Beretta Holding. The name Sako comes from the company's former name Suojeluskuntain Ase- ja Konepaja Oy (lit. 'Civil Guard Gun and Machining Works Ltd').
Mariscal
Mariscal is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alberto Mariscal (1926–2010), American-born Mexican actor and film director

Ana Mariscal (1923–1995), Spanish film actress, director, screenwriter and film producer

Ángel Mariscal (1904—1979), Spanish footballer

Antonio Mariscal (1915–2010), Mexican lawyer and Olympic-level diver

Ignacio Mariscal (1829–1910), Mexican liberal lawyer, politician, writer, and diplomat

Javier Mariscal (born 1950), Spanish artist and designer

Kary Mariscal (born 1976), Bolivian politician

Marco Antonio Barba Mariscal (born 1970), Mexican politician

Margarita Mariscal de Gante (born 1954), Spanish judge and politician

Mark Mariscal (born 1979), American college and professional football

Silvia Mariscal (born 1946), Mexican actress

María José Mariscal (born 2005), Mexican actress

Marco Antonio Barba Mariscal
Marco Antonio Barba Mariscal (born 24 May 1970) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). 
In the 2012 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent Jalisco's 13th district during the 62nd session of Congress.
Maurice de Gandillac
Maurice de Gandillac (French pronunciation: [də ɡɑ̃dijak]; 14 February 1906 – 18 April 2006) was a French philosopher. He was born in Koléa, French Algeria and died in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.

He wrote his thesis under Étienne Gilson on the Renaissance philosopher Nicholas of Cusa. In 1946 he  was appointed professor in the history of medieval and Renaissance philosophy at the Sorbonne.
He supervised the doctoral dissertations of numerous students, including Louis Althusser, Jean-François Lyotard, Gilles Deleuze, Michel Foucault, and Jacques Derrida.

Nicholas of Cusa
Nicholas of Cusa (1401 – 11 August 1464), also referred to as Nicholas of Kues and Nicolaus Cusanus (/kjuːˈseɪnəs/), was a German Catholic bishop and polymath active as a philosopher, theologian, jurist, mathematician, and astronomer. One of the first German proponents of Renaissance humanism, he made spiritual and political contributions to European culture. A notable example of this is his mystical or spiritual writings on "learned ignorance", as well as his participation in power struggles between Rome and the German states of the Holy Roman Empire.

As papal legate to Germany from 1446, he was appointed cardinal for his merits by Pope Nicholas V in 1448 and Prince-Bishop of Brixen two years later. In 1459, he became vicar general in the Papal States. Nicholas has remained an influential figure. In 2001, the sixth centennial of his birth was celebrated on four continents and commemorated by publications on his life and work.
Noushig Eloyan
Noushig Eloyan is a Canadian politician, who served on the Montreal City Council from 1994 to 2009 and ran for the Canadian Parliament for the electoral riding of Ahuntsic in the May 2, 2011 elections as a member of the federal Liberal Party of Canada.

Montreal City Council
The Montreal City Council (French: Conseil municipal de Montréal) is the governing body in the mayor–council government in the city of Montreal, Quebec. The head of the city government in Montreal is the mayor, who is first among equals in the city council. The council is a democratically elected institution and is the final decision-making authority in the city, although much power is centralized in the executive committee. The council consists of 65 members from all boroughs of the city. The council has jurisdiction over many matters, including public security, agreements with other governments, subsidy programs, the environment, urban planning, and a three-year capital expenditure program. The city council is also required to supervise, standardize or approve certain decisions made by the borough councils.
Feds 'N' Heads
Feds 'N' Heads  is an underground comic book, created and self-published by Gilbert Shelton, which introduced the world to the Shelton characters Wonder Wart-Hog and The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers. In the spring of 1968, cartoonist Gilbert Shelton, already somewhat known in college humor and underground comix circles for his Superman parody Wonder Wart-Hog, self-published a 28-page one-shot, Feds 'N' Heads Comics, much of the material of which had previously appeared in the Austin, Texas, underground paper The Rag. Feds 'N' Heads was later reprinted an additional 13 times by the Bay Area underground publisher the Print Mint, selling over 200,000 total copies by 1980.

The Rag
The Rag was an underground newspaper published in Austin, Texas from 1966–1977.  The weekly paper covered political and cultural topics that the conventional press ignored, such as the growing antiwar movement, the sexual revolution, gay liberation, and drug culture. It encouraged these political constituencies and countercultural communities to coalesce into a significant political force in Austin. As the sixth member of the Underground Press Syndicate and the first underground paper in the South, The Rag helped shape a flourishing national underground press.

According to historian and publisher Paul Buhle, The Rag was "one of the first, the most long-lasting and most influential" of the Sixties underground papers.  In his 1972 book, The Paper Revolutionaries, Laurence Leamer called The Rag "one of the few legendary undergrounds."
Matrix consimilarity
In linear algebra, two n-by-n matrices A and B are called consimilar if

for some invertible  matrix , where  denotes the elementwise complex conjugation. So for real matrices similar by some real matrix , consimilarity is the same as matrix similarity.

Like ordinary similarity, consimilarity is an equivalence relation on the set of  matrices, and it is reasonable to ask what properties it preserves.

The theory of ordinary similarity arises as a result of studying linear transformations referred to different bases. Consimilarity arises as a result of studying antilinear transformations referred to different bases.

A matrix is consimilar to itself, its complex conjugate, its transpose and its adjoint matrix.  Every matrix is consimilar to a real matrix and to a Hermitian matrix.  There is a standard form for the consimilarity class, analogous to the Jordan normal form.

Equivalence relation
In mathematics, an equivalence relation is a binary relation that is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive. The equipollence relation between line segments in geometry is a common example of an equivalence relation. A simpler example is numerical equality. Any number  is equal to itself (reflexive). If , then  (symmetric). If  and , then  (transitive).

Each equivalence relation provides a partition of the underlying set into disjoint equivalence classes. Two elements of the given set are equivalent to each other if and only if they belong to the same equivalence class.
Vlasta Neighborhood
Vlasta Neighborhood (Czech: Sídliště Vlasta) is a set of buildings in Prague 10-Vršovice, Czech Republic. It was constructed across from the Koh-i-noor Waldes factory between 1972 and 1977. There are residential buildings and the seat of the Municipality of Prague 10. The buildings were established as a quick fix solution following the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 for residents of the evacuated town of Milovice.

Milovice
Milovice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmɪlovɪtsɛ]; German: Milowitz) is a town in Nymburk District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 14,000 inhabitants.

In the 20th century, the history of the town was influenced by the presence of a military base. In the 21st century, Milovice is one of the fastest growing towns in the Czech Republic with one of the youngest populations.
OMG-Z
OMG-Z is a zombie-themed action puzzle video game developed by UK-based studio Laughing Jackal. It was released as a PlayStation mini on the PlayStation Network in North America on 2 August  2011 and Europe on 3 August  2011.

PlayStation Network
PlayStation Network (PSN) is a digital media entertainment service provided by Sony Interactive Entertainment. Launched in November 2006, PSN was originally conceived for the PlayStation video game consoles, but soon extended to encompass smartphones, tablets, Blu-ray players and high-definition televisions. It succeeded Sony Entertainment Network in 2015 and this service is the account for PlayStation consoles, accounts can store games and other content.

PlayStation Network's services are dedicated to an online marketplace (PlayStation Store), a premium subscription service for enhanced gaming and social features (PlayStation Plus), music streaming (PlayStation Music, based on Spotify), and formerly a cloud gaming service (PlayStation Now; folded into PlayStation Plus Premium in June 2022). The service is available in 73 territories.
Mahendra Mohan Choudhry
Mahendra Mohan Choudhury (12 April 1908 – 27 December 1982) was a freedom fighter and politician from Nagaon, Undivided Kamrup district (now Barpeta district) of Western Assam. He was Chief Minister of Assam from 1970 to 1972. He also served as governor of Punjab.

Lower Assam division
Lower Assam division is one of the 5 administrative divisions of Assam in India. It was formed in 1874, consisting of the undivided Kamrup district of Western Assam, undivided Darrang and Nagaon districts of Central Assam and Khasi & Jaintia hills of Meghalaya, created for revenue purposes.
2017 Maldivian local elections
The 2017 Maldives local elections were held on 6 May 2017 to elect members of Island Councils, Atoll Councils and City Councils across the country. The elections were originally scheduled for January 2017 but were postponed multiple times following requests by the ruling Progressive Party of Maldives (PPM), legal disputes, and adjustments requested by the Elections Commission. The final date was set after the Supreme Court rejected further delays.

The elections took place during a period of heightened political tension between the government of President Abdulla Yameen and the opposition coalition alliance led by the Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP), Adhaalath Party (AP), Jumhooree Party (JP) and Maldives Reform Movement (MRM). Local councils are the primary organs of decentralized administration under the 2010 Decentralization Act, making the elections an important indicator of national political sentiment.

Progressive Party of Maldives
The Progressive Party of Maldives (Dhivehi: ޕްރޮގްރެސިވް ޕާރޓީ އޮފް މޯލްޑިވްސް, PPM), was a political party in the Maldives. The stated goal of the party was driving Maldives towards an independent and democratic, safe and secure, high income, high human capital, developed nation state with a diversified and robust economy whilst preserving its Islamic heritage.
Toorale Station
30°16′30″S 145°24′00″E﻿ / ﻿30.275°S 145.4°E﻿ / -30.275; 145.4﻿ (Toorale)

Toorale Station is a defunct pastoral lease that once operated as a sheep station and cattle station in New South Wales.  The station was purchased by the Federal and New South Wales Governments, and Toorale National Park was declared on a portion in 2010. The remaining area is now part of a 54,385 hectares (134,388 acres) state conservation area.

The property is situated approximately 53 kilometres (33 mi) south west of Bourke and 130 kilometres (81 mi) north of Cobar. The confluence of the Warrego River and the Darling River is located on the property.

Bourke, New South Wales
Bourke is a town in the north-west of New South Wales, Australia. The administrative centre and largest town in Bourke Shire, Bourke is approximately 800 kilometres (500 mi) north-west of the state capital, Sydney, on the south bank of the Darling River. It is also situated:

137 kilometres south of Barringun and the Queensland – New South Wales Border

256 kilometres (159 mi) south of Cunnamulla

454 kilometres (282 mi) south of Charleville
Cristofali
Cristofali is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adriano Cristofali (1717–1788), Veronese architect, whose style bridged between Enlightenment-Baroque and Neoclassicism

Bartolomeo Cristofori (1655–1731), Italian maker of musical instruments, inventor of piano

Bartolomeo Cristofori
Bartolomeo Cristofori di Francesco (Italian pronunciation: [bartoloˈmɛːo kriˈstɔːfori di franˈtʃesko]; May 4, 1655 – January 27, 1731) was an Italian maker of musical instruments famous for inventing the piano.
B&O Supprettes
B&O Supprettes is the brand name for a prescription medication containing powdered opium and belladonna alkaloids in a suppository form.  They are indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe pain from urethral spasm, and for extending the interval(s) between injections of opiates. The drug has various "off label" uses, including renal colic, intestinal cramps, tenesmus and diarrhea. They are also often prescribed after urinary bladder surgery.  B&O Supprettes was unique in the United States because they were the only drug containing opium that is for suppository use sold in the US  and, in fact, one of the very few medications that contains opium in any form in the US along with paregoric and opium tincture (laudanum).

Medical prescription
A prescription in the medical context, often abbreviated ℞ or Rx, is a formal communication from physicians or other registered healthcare professionals to a pharmacist, authorizing them to dispense a specific prescription drug for a specific patient. Historically, it was a physician's instruction to an apothecary listing the materials to be compounded into a treatment—the symbol ℞ (a capital letter R, crossed to indicate abbreviation) comes from the first word of a medieval prescription, Latin recipe (lit. 'take thou'), that gave the list of the materials to be compounded. Requirements for content, who may prescribe, and how prescriptions are transmitted vary by country; many jurisdictions use electronic prescribing systems.
Spirifer
Spirifer is a genus of marine brachiopods belonging to the order Spiriferida and family Spiriferidae. Species belonging to the genus lived in the Carboniferous (certainly in the Tournaisian and in the Visean, possibly also in the Serpukhovian and the Bashkirian).

This genus used to be treated more widely, so less critical sources list its species from the Middle Ordovician (Sandbian) through to the Late Triassic (Carnian) with a global distribution.

Like most brachiopods, representatives of Spirifer were stationary epifaunal suspension feeders.

Sandbian
The Sandbian is the first stage of the Upper Ordovician. It follows the Darriwilian and is succeeded by the Katian. Its lower boundary is defined as the first appearance datum of the graptolite species Nemagraptus gracilis around 458.2 million years ago. The Sandbian lasted for about 5.4 million years until the beginning of the Katian around 452.8 million years ago.