hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexander Thomson (pioneer)
Dr. Alexander Thomson (1800
– 1 January 1866) was elected as the first mayor of Geelong and held the position on five occasions from 1850 to 1858. Thomson was the first settler in the area known as Belmont, a suburb of Geelong and called his homestead Kardinia, a property now listed on the Register of the National Estate.

Thomson was the son of Alexander Thomson, a shipowner of Aberdeen and Margaret Smith, Scotland, baptised 28 March 1798. In March 1824, he married Barbara Dalrymple.

In 1825, Thomson sailed to Tasmania (then Van Diemen's Land) as a surgeon on a convict ship

The suburb of Thomson was named after Dr. Thomson as well as Thomson Street Belmont, the nucleus of the Belmont Heights Estate which was until the first World War, part of his extensive rural property. A parish of the Uniting Church in Australia and the Alexander Thomson Cricket Club, competing in the Geelong Cricket Association, was also named after him.

Register of the National Estate
The Register of the National Estate was a heritage register that listed natural and cultural heritage places in Australia. Phasing out of the register began in 2003, when the Australian National Heritage List and the Commonwealth Heritage List were created and by 2007 the Register had been replaced by these and various state and territory heritage registers. Places listed on the Register remain in a non-statutory archive and are still able to be viewed via the National Heritage Database.
Distance (band)
Distance was a late-1980s rock/funk band led by bassist/producer Bernard Edwards, patterned after the Power Station. The band was composed of former Chic and the Power Station members Edwards (bass) and Tony Thompson (drums) with future Bad Company member Robert Hart on lead vocals, and noted session musicians Eddie Martinez on guitar and Jeff Bova on keyboards.

This "supergroup" released only one album, 1989's Under the One Sky on Reprise Records. The album failed to make the chart and produced no hits. Richard Drummie, one half of Go West, has a co-writing credit on the track "Everytime I Stand Up".

Distance appeared as the club band in the 1987 Whoopi Goldberg movie, Burglar. Edwards was the film's "music producer", and was credited for the songs that appeared within.

Chic (band)
Chic (stylized CHIC; /ʃiːk/ SHEEK) is an American disco band founded in 1972 by guitarist Nile Rodgers and bassist Bernard Edwards. Between 1972 and 1979, Chic released several of the biggest hits of the disco era, including "Dance, Dance, Dance (Yowsah, Yowsah, Yowsah)" (1977), "Everybody Dance" (1977), "Le Freak" (1978), "I Want Your Love" (1978), and "Good Times" (1979).  The group regarded themselves as a rock band for the disco movement "that made good on hippie peace, love and freedom". In 2017, Chic was nominated for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for the eleventh time. As of 2025, Rodgers and Chic continue to perform as Nile Rodgers & Chic.
2024 Manado mayoral election
The 2024 Manado mayoral election was held on 27 November 2024 as part of nationwide local elections to elect the mayor of Manado, North Sulawesi for a five-year term. The previous election was held in 2020. Incumbent Mayor Andrei Angouw managed to secure re-election to a second term, winning 48% of the vote in a four-way race. Golkar-backed former Mayor Jimmy Rimba Rogi placed second and received 44%.

2024 Indonesian local elections
Local executive elections (Indonesian: Pemilihan Kepala Daerah or Pilkada) to elect governors, mayors and regents in Indonesia were held on 27 November 2024 across 545 regions: 37 provinces, 415 regencies and 93 cities, which covered all provinces except Yogyakarta Special Region and all cities/regencies except the constituents of Jakarta. The previous local executive elections were held in 2020. The elections was the first time regional leaders are all elected simultaneously nationwide in Indonesia.

The elections saw major gains for President Prabowo Subianto's Gerindra party, while the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle suffered losses in key races, especially in Central and East Java. Golkar and PKS also suffered setbacks. Most elected leaders were sworn in on 20 February 2025, but 26 races had to be repeated in 2025.
Csehbánya Formation
The Csehbánya Formation is a geological formation in the Transdanubian Mountains of Veszprém County, Hungary. The formation dates to the Late Santonian (around 85-84 million years ago) of the Late Cretaceous. It represents a floodplain environment as opposed to the swampy lacustrine environment of the simultaneous Ajka Coal Formation, though there is complete overlap in terms of fauna. It underlies the Jákó Marl Formation, and laterally transitions to the Ajka Coal Formation.

Bauxite
Bauxite (/ˈbɔːksaɪt/ ⓘ) is a sedimentary rock with a relatively high aluminium content. It is the world's main source of aluminium and gallium. Bauxite consists mostly of the aluminium minerals gibbsite (Al(OH)3), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)), and diaspore (α-AlO(OH)), mixed with the two iron oxides goethite (FeO(OH)) and hematite (Fe2O3), the aluminium clay mineral kaolinite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4) and small amounts of anatase (TiO2) and ilmenite (FeTiO3 or FeO·TiO2).
Bauxite appears dull in luster and is reddish-brown, white, or tan.

In 1821, the French geologist Pierre Berthier discovered bauxite near the village of Les Baux in Provence, southern France, the origin of the name.
George Raper
Commander George Raper (19 September 1769 – 29 September 1796) was a Royal Navy officer and illustrator who as an able seaman joined the crew of HMS Sirius and the First Fleet to establish a colony at Botany Bay. He is best known today for his watercolour sketches of the voyage and settlement, particularly birds and flowers of Sydney Cove.

Able seaman
An able seaman (AB) is a seaman and member of the deck department of a merchant ship with more than two years' experience at sea and considered "well acquainted with his duty".  An AB may work as a watchstander, a day worker, or a combination of these roles.  Once a sufficient amount of sea time is acquired, then the AB can apply to take a series of courses/examinations to become certified as an officer.
Bombing of Leipzig in World War II
During World War II, Leipzig was repeatedly attacked by British as well as American air raids. The most severe attack was launched by the Royal Air Force in the early hours of 4 December 1943 and claimed more than 1,800 lives. Large parts of the city centre were destroyed, while factories experienced temporary shortfalls in production, had to move production facilities or even were decentralized.

At the outbreak of the war, Leipzig had more than 700,000 inhabitants and was therefore the sixth-largest city of the “Greater German Reich” (including Vienna). Leipzig additionally had significance by hosting the leading trade fair of the German Empire.

The Erla Maschinenwerk aircraft factory that produced Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighter planes at the three locations of Heiterblick, Abtnaundorf and Mockau were important for warfare.

Leipzig was also an important railroad intersection in Germany at that time.

Erla Ironworks
The Erla Ironworks (German: Eisenwerk Erla) has its origins in one of the oldest hammer mills in the Upper Ore Mountains, which was first recorded in 1380 as the Hammer in der Erl, making the ironworks the oldest existing business in the German state of Saxony.
Lilyhurst
Lilyhurst is a small hamlet 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Newport near Lilleshall and Sheriffhales in Shropshire. It has a population of roughly 20 people. It is part of the parish of Sheriffhales and contains a small industrial estate, holistic centre and garden centre.

Newport, Shropshire
Newport is a market town and civil parish in the borough of Telford and Wrekin in Shropshire, England. It lies 7 miles (11 km) north-east of Telford, 12 miles (19 km) west of Stafford, and is near the Shropshire-Staffordshire border. The 2001 census recorded 10,814 people living in the parish, which rose to 11,387 by the 2011 census.
Mncube
Mncube is a South African surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Busisiwe Mncube, South African politician

Ntando Mncube (born 1986), South African actor, singer, and dancer

Themba Mncube, the professional name of Brian Ntuli (born 1991), South African filmmaker and actor

Vusimuzi Mncube (born 1993), South African soccer player

Wiseman Mncube (born 1990), South African actor, playwright, singer, and director

Themba Mncube
Thembalethu Brian Ntuli (born 7 March 1991), also known by his professional name Themba Mncube, is a South African filmmaker and actor. He is best known for the roles in the television serials such as Rhythm City, B&B and the film Lokoza.
USS George P. Squires
USS George P. Squires (SP-303) was United States Navy patrol vessel and minesweeper in commission from 1917 to 1918.

George P. Squires was built as a civilian fishing steamer of the same name in 1900 by Henry Brusster at Baltimore, Maryland. The U.S. Navy purchased her for World War I service as a patrol vessel and minesweeper from her owner, Bellows and Squires, Inc., of Ocran, Virginia, on 12 May 1917.  Bellows and Squires delivered her to the Navy on 21 May 1917, and she was commissioned the same day as USS George P. Squires (SP-303).

Assigned to the 5th Naval District, George P. Squires served as a harbor patrol boat at Norfolk, Virginia. In addition, she swept for naval mines in the defensive sea area of Chesapeake Bay and patrolled the Virginia coast off Cape Henry.

George P. Squires was decommissioned at Norfolk on 27 July 1918 and was sold to James Dietrich of New York City on 23 October 1918.

Cape Henry
Cape Henry is a cape on the Atlantic shore of Virginia located in the northeast corner of Virginia Beach. It is the southern boundary of the entrance to the long estuary of the Chesapeake Bay.

Across the mouth of the bay to the north is Cape Charles the opposite point of the Bay's gateway. Named for two sons of King James I of England in 1607, together Cape Henry and Cape Charles form the Virginia Capes.
Lexington History Center
The Lexington History Center once housed several independent history museums in downtown Lexington, Kentucky. It was located in the former Fayette County Courthouse until 2012 when the city closed the building for renovation. Prior to the closing of the building, the Isaac Scott Hathaway Museum moved to a new location on Georgetown Street. The building has since been renovated into a multi-use commercial, tourist, office and event center.

Fayette County, Kentucky
Fayette County is a county located in the central part of the U.S. state of Kentucky and is consolidated with the city of Lexington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 322,570, making it the second-most populous county in the commonwealth. Since 1974, its territory, population and government have been shared with Lexington. Fayette County is part of the Lexington-Fayette, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Andy Rock
Andrew David Rock (born  (1985-11-11) 11 November 1985 in Keighley, West Yorkshire) is an English former rugby union player for Leeds Tykes. His usual position was at centre...

Rock made his first appearance for Leeds Tykes in the English Premiership in 2006, staying with the club until 2008 having made ten club appearances.

Following his playing career, he went on to become a coach at the same club, and had developed a track record of developing a number of very good young players from across Yorkshire within the Leeds Carnegie Academy. When Leeds Carnegie changed names and became Yorkshire Carnegie in 2014 he changed roles within the club and became the Academy Director at the club.

Whilst studying at Leeds Metropolitan University, he was presented with an award for Outstanding Academic Achievement by the prestigious Carnegie Faculty.

Rock became the Academy Director at Bath Rugby Club in August 2016.

Keighley
Keighley (/ˈkiːθli/ ⓘ KEETH-lee) is a market town and a civil parish
in the City of Bradford Borough of West Yorkshire, England. It is the second-largest settlement in the borough, after Bradford.

Keighley is 8 miles (13 kilometres) north-west of Bradford, 4 mi (6.5 km) north-west of Bingley, 11 mi (18 km) north of Halifax and 8 mi (13 km) south-east of Skipton. It is governed by Keighley Town Council and Bradford City Council. Keighley is in West Yorkshire, close to the borders of North Yorkshire and Lancashire. Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, it lies between Airedale and Keighley Moors. At the 2011 census, Keighley had a population of 56,348.
Pearl Phelan
Pearl Phelan, Sr Joseph Ignatius (11 February 1921 – 4 December 2010) was a nurse and pioneer of person-centred hospice care, known to many as "Aunt Pearl". In her role at Our Lady's Hospice in Harold's Cross, Dublin, she modernised the facility and transformed end-of-life and palliative care. She introduced the hospice Home Care service so people could die in their own homes. For her initiatives in enabling people to "live life to the full, control their symptoms so they are freed from pain and fear of pain", she received the People of the Year Award in 1987.

People of the Year Awards
The People of the Year Awards was an annual award show in Ireland. Organised by the Rehab Group, it was televised by Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ).

The Awards provided a unique opportunity for the Irish public to honour outstanding contributions made by individuals and organisations to life in Ireland.

The 2018 edition took place on Sunday 15 April and was hosted by Gráinne Seoige and Aidan Power. No ceremony was planned for 2019.
Villeneuve–Prairie station
Villeneuve-Prairie is a closed station in Choisy-le-Roi, Val-de-Marne, Île-de-France, France. The station was closed on 15 December 2013, and was replaced by Créteil-Pompadour station, around 800 meters to the northeast. It is on the Paris-Marseille railway. This station served the commune of Choisy-le-Roi and the neighbouring Créteil.

Créteil
Créteil (French pronunciation: [kʁetɛj] ⓘ) is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, Île-de-France. It is located 11.7 km (7.3 mi) from the centre of Paris. Créteil is the préfecture (capital) of the Val-de-Marne department as well as the seat of the Arrondissement of Créteil. The city is also the seat of a Roman Catholic diocese, and of one of France's 30 nationwide académies (districts) of the Ministry of National Education.
Ornstein–Uhlenbeck operator
In mathematics, the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck operator is a generalization of the Laplace operator to an infinite-dimensional setting. The Ornstein–Uhlenbeck operator plays a significant role in the Malliavin calculus. The operator is named after Leonard Ornstein and George Eugene Uhlenbeck.

Abstract Wiener space
The concept of an abstract Wiener space is a mathematical construction developed by Leonard Gross to understand the structure of Gaussian measures on infinite-dimensional spaces. The construction emphasizes the fundamental role played by the Cameron–Martin space. The classical Wiener space is the prototypical example.

The structure theorem for Gaussian measures states that all Gaussian measures can be represented by the abstract Wiener space construction.
Popolopen
Popolopen is the name of several related landmarks mainly within the Hudson Highlands of Orange County, New York. These include a peak, Popolopen Torne—or simply "The Torne," and a short and steep-sided nearby valley officially called Hell Hole, but often Popolopen Gorge. Popolopen Creek runs through this valley. The Popolopen Bridge spans its mouth at the Hudson River and is crossed by Route 9W. Popolopen Lake feeds the headwaters of its namesake creek. Despite local usage, the United States Board on Geographical Names recognizes only the lake, creek and bridge as bearing the name "Popolopen."

Orange County, New York
Orange County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 401,310. The county seat is Goshen. This county was first created in 1683 and reorganized with its present boundaries in 1798. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Orange County is part of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie-Newburgh metropolitan statistical area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY–NJ–CT–PA Combined Statistical Area.

As of the 2020 census the center of population of the state of New York was located in Orange County, in the hamlet of Cuddebackville.
Northeast Sr. Eagles
The Northeast Senior Eagles are a senior ice hockey team based in Torbay, Newfoundland and Labrador as part of the New East Coast Senior Hockey League. They have been a member of the Avalon East Senior Hockey league since its inception in 1967. They currently play out of the Jack Byrne Arena in Torbay, Newfoundland. Their home games are Friday nights at 8:00pm.

Torbay, Newfoundland and Labrador
Torbay is a town located on the eastern side of the Avalon Peninsula in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.

The town is located 12 km (7.5 mi) north of the capital city of St. John's and is part of the St. John's metropolitan area. Due to Torbay's close proximity to St. John's, the town's population is quickly growing. According to the 2021 census the population was 7,852, up from 7,397 in 2011.
Jean Joseph Amable Humbert
General Jean Joseph Amable Humbert (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ ʒozɛf amabl ɛ̃bɛʁ]; 22 August 1767 – 3 January 1823) was a French military officer who participated in several notable military conflicts of the late 18th and early 19th century. Born in the townland of La Coâre Saint-Nabord, outside Remiremont in the Vosges department, he was a sergeant in the National Guard of Lyon. He rapidly advanced through the ranks to become brigadier general on 9 April 1794 and fought in the Western campaigns before being allocated to the Army of the Rhine. Humbert also participated in the United Irishman Rebellion and the War of 1812.

Remiremont
Remiremont (French pronunciation: [ʁəmiʁmɔ̃] ⓘ) is a town and commune in the Vosges department, northeastern France, situated in southern Grand Est. The town has been an abbatial centre since the 7th century, is an economic crossroads of the Moselle and Moselotte valleys, and is also a stepping stone for tourists wishing to explore the Vosges and neighbouring Alsace. Remiremont is also known as La Belle des Vosges.

Its inhabitants are known as Romarimontains.
Atta (ant)
Atta is a genus of ants found in South, Central, and southern North America (including the Caribbean). They belong to the subfamily Myrmicinae. Atta are commonly referred to as leafcutter ants, although that name is shared with members of the genus Acromyrmex.

Atta are notable for their feeding habits. Worker ants gather plant material from around their colony and carry the plant parts into the colony's underground chambers. The organic material nourishes symbiotic fungus growing inside of the colony, which the ants consume. Leafcutters don't sting, thus do not inject venom, but are known to be strong biters.

Ant colony
An ant colony is a population of ants, typically from a single species, capable of maintaining their complete lifecycle. Ant colonies are eusocial, communal, and efficiently organized and are very much like those found in other social Hymenoptera, though the various groups of these developed sociality independently through convergent evolution. The typical colony consists of one or more egg-laying queens, numerous sterile females (workers, soldiers) and, seasonally, many winged sexual males and females.  In order to establish new colonies, ants undertake flights that occur at species-characteristic times of the day. Swarms of the winged sexuals (known as alates) depart the nest in search of other nests. The males die shortly thereafter, along with most of the females. A small percentage of the females survive to initiate new nests.
Wolfgang Sandner
Wolfgang Sandner (2 March 1949 in Teisendorf – 5 December 2015) was a German physicist who was employed in atomic and laser physics. From 2010 to 2012 he was president of the German Physical Society. Until his death, he was director general of the ELI Delivery Consortium International Association (AISBL) located in Brussels.

German Physical Society
The German Physical Society (German: Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft, DPG) is the oldest organisation of physicists. DPG's 2025 worldwide membership is cited as 50,668, with a peak of 63,012 in 2014. It holds an annual conference (Jahrestagung) and multiple spring conferences (Frühjahrstagungen), which are held at various locations and along topical subjects of given sections of the DPG.
The DPG concerns the fields of pure and applied physics and aims to foster connections among German physicists, as well as the exchange of ideas between its members and foreign colleagues. The bylaws of the DPG commit the organization and its members to maintain scientific integrity and ethics, including freedom, tolerance, truthfulness, and dignity in scientific work, as well as the promotion of gender equality in the fields of physics and related sciences.
Brown-Cowles House and Cowles Law Office
Brown-Cowles House and Cowles Law Office, also known as the Paul Osborne House and Law and Bride Cottage, is a historic home and law office located at Wilkesboro in Wilkes County, North Carolina, United States. The Cowles Law Office was built about 1871, and is a small one-story frame building with gable roof and single-shoulder end chimney.  The original section of the Brown-Cowles House was built about 1834, and enlarged with a two-story wing by 1885 and enlarged again between 1920 and 1926.  It is a two-story frame dwelling with Federal style detailing.  Also on the property are the contributing curing house and kitchen.  It was the home of William H. H. Cowles (1840-1901), a lawyer and four-term Congressman during the 1880s and 1890s.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Wilkes County, North Carolina
Wilkes County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is a part of the state's western mountain region. The population was 65,969 at the 2020 census. Its county seat is Wilkesboro, and its largest community is North Wilkesboro. Wilkes County comprises the North Wilkesboro, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Myloslavska (Kyiv Light Rail)
Myloslavska (Ukrainian: Милославська) is a station on the Livoberezhna Line of the Kyiv Light Rail system. It was opened on May 26, 2000 and reopened after a significant modernization of the line on October 26, 2012.

Myloslavska is a terminus station of the Livoberezhna Line, and is located right after the Oleksandry Ekster station. It is named after the Myloslavska Street in northeastern Kyiv's Troieshchyna neighborhood.

At one point the Kyiv City authorities proposed creating the Vulytsia Myloslavska station of the Kyiv Metro's Livoberezhna Line, although that entire project was scrapped in favor of expanding the existing light rail system.

Vyhurivshchyna-Troieshchyna
Troieshchyna, also known since 1997 as Vyhurivshchyna-Troieshchyna or Vygurivshchyna-Troieshchyna, is a large neighbourhood of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. Troieshchyna is an outskirt located on the city's northern left bank and is administratively part of the Desnianskyi District.