hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ropewalk
A ropewalk is a long straight narrow lane, or a covered pathway, where long strands of material are laid before being twisted into rope. Due to the length of some ropewalks, workers may use bicycles to get from one end to the other.

Many ropewalks were in the open air, while others were covered only by roofs. Ropewalks historically frequently caught fire, as hemp dust ignites easily and burns fiercely. Rope was essential in sailing ships and the standard length for a British Naval Rope was 1,000 feet (300 m). A sailing ship such as HMS Victory required 31 miles (50 km) of rope.

Lane
In road transport, a lane is part of a roadway that is designated to be used by a single line of vehicles to control and guide drivers and reduce traffic conflicts. Most public roads (highways) have at least two lanes, one for traffic in each direction, generally separated by lane markings. On multilane roadways and busier two-lane roads, lanes are generally designated with road surface markings. Major highways often have two multi-lane roadways separated by a median.

Some roads and bridges that carry very low volumes of traffic are less than 4.6 metres (15 ft) wide, and are only a single lane wide. Vehicles travelling in opposite directions must slow or stop to pass each other. In rural areas, these are often called country lanes. In urban areas, alleys are often only one lane wide. Urban and suburban one lane roads are often designated for one-way traffic.
Leonid Slutsky 2024 presidential campaign
The 2024 presidential campaign of Leonid Slutsky, deputy of the State Duma and leader of the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia, was announced on 19 December 2023, during the party's congress.

Slutsky became the third person in history nominated by the Liberal Democratic Party for the President of Russia. After being nominated, Slutsky said that he “does not want to beat (incumbent president) Putin” in the election.

Alexei Didenko
Alexei Nikolayevich Didenko (Russian: Алексей Николаевич Диденко; born 30 March 1983) is a Russian politician. From 2007 to 2010, he was deputy of the Tomsk Oblast Duma. Since 2011, he has been a deputy in the State Duma of the Russian Federation. He is a member of the Duma Committee on Constitutional Legislation and State Building. He is a leading member of the ultranationalist Liberal Democratic Party of Russia.
Sex-for-rent
Sex-for-rent, also referred to as sex for rent, is a practice where a landlord or property owner offers accommodation, often at reduced or no cost, in exchange for sexual activity. Such arrangements have been reported in several countries, including Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Australia.

While sometimes presented as a consensual arrangement, the practice raises significant concerns regarding power imbalance and exploitation, particularly when involving individuals facing housing insecurity or economic hardship. Reporting has indicated that women, students, migrants, and low-income renters in competitive housing markets may be particularly vulnerable.

Student
A student is a person enrolled in a school or other educational institution, or more generally, a person who takes a special interest in a subject.

In the United Kingdom and most commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary school or higher (e.g., college or university); those in primary or elementary schools are "pupils".
2002 Davidoff Swiss Indoors – Doubles
Ellis Ferreira and Rick Leach were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Ferreira with Pavel Vízner and Leach with Brian MacPhie.

Ferreira and Vízner lost in the first round to Yves Allegro and Marco Chiudinelli.

Leach and MacPhie lost in the semifinals to Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan.

The Bryans won in the final 7–6(7–1), 7–5 against Mark Knowles and Daniel Nestor.

Mark Knowles
Mark Knowles (born 4 September 1971) is a Bahamian former professional tennis player and coach. He is a former world No. 1 in doubles. He won three of the four Grand Slam tournaments in men's doubles, partnering with Daniel Nestor, as well as Wimbledon in mixed doubles. At various times between 2002 and 2005 he was ranked World No. 1 in doubles. He is a five-time Olympian.
Nigel Searle
Nigel Searle is the former managing director of Sinclair Research Ltd, and one of the company's longest-serving employees. He joined Sinclair Radionics in 1973, and for most of the 1970s, Searle worked for Sinclair in the United States to promote the company's calculators and other products. In 1977, with Sinclair in financial trouble, Searle left the company. He rejoined in 1979 when Sir Clive Sinclair formed Science of Cambridge (later renamed Sinclair Research) and continued to work from the US, successfully promoting the ZX80 and ZX81 personal computers. In spring 1982, he moved back to the United Kingdom as Sinclair's managing director, a post he retained until 1986 when Amstrad took over the company's computer business.

Derek Riddell portrayed Searle in the 2009 BBC television movie Micro Men.

Derek Riddell
Derek Riddell is a Scottish television and theatre actor. He is best known for the portrayal of Richard Cawood in the BBC One television series Happy Valley. He is also known for Gentleman Jack, Industry, and The Missing.
Sarah Prineas
Sarah Prineas is an American fantasy author who lives in Iowa and once worked for the honors program at the University of Iowa. She is married to John Prineas, a Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Optical Science and Technology Center at the University of Iowa. They have two children. Prineas is originally from Lyme, Connecticut. She went to college in Minnesota. She has lived in Germany.

Her first novel The Magic Thief was published in 2008 by HarperCollins in the United States.  As of June 2008, foreign rights had been sold to thirteen other countries.  The sequel, The Magic Thief: Lost came out in 2009 and a third book, The Magic Thief: Found came out in 2010. Before she turned to novels, Prineas wrote fantasy short stories for adult markets. She also created Thorn and Rose.

In 2008, she donated her archive to the department of Rare Books and Special Collections at Northern Illinois University.

Northern Illinois University
Northern Illinois University (NIU) is a public research university in DeKalb, Illinois, United States. It was founded as "Northern Illinois State Normal School" in 1895 by Illinois Governor John P. Altgeld, initially to provide the state with college-educated teachers. In addition to the main campus in DeKalb, it has satellite centers in Chicago, Naperville, Rockford, and Oregon, Illinois.

The university is composed of seven degree-granting colleges and has a student body of approximately 16,000. NIU is one of seven public universities in Illinois that compete in NCAA Division I. The athletic teams are known as the Huskies and compete in the Mid-American Conference (MAC).
Volleyball America's Cup
The America's Cup was a continental cup in men's volleyball for North and South American nations organized by CSV and NORCECA with the first edition in 1998 and the last in 2008.

Seventeen years after the last edition the tournament returned in 2025 as a new men's format with the CSV's approval and  gaining a women's edition. In its new format the competition is based on points in a round-robin format and expected to take place annually.

Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol
The Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV) (Portuguese: Confederação Sul-americana de Voleibol) is the continental governing body for the sports of volleyball in South America. Its headquarters is located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Spec's Wine, Spirits & Finer Foods
Spec's Wine, Spirits & Finer Foods, is a Texas family-owned liquor store chain, with headquarters in Midtown, Houston.

Vicki Vaughn of the San Antonio Express-News said that Spec's is "known for its sprawling stores". It is the largest vendor of liquor in Greater Houston. Dale Robertson of the Houston Chronicle said that Spec's was "Houston’s 800-pound wine gorilla." As of 2010 Spec's is the fifth largest retailer of wine in the United States.

800-pound gorilla
"800-pound gorilla" is an American English expression for an entity so powerful that it can act without regard to the rights of others or the law. The phrase is rooted in a riddle joke:

Q. Where does an 800-pound gorilla sit?
A. Anywhere it wants to.

This highlights the disparity of power between the gorilla and ordinary humans. 800 pounds are approximately 360 kg.

The term can describe a powerful geopolitical and military force, or, in business, a powerful corporate entity that has such a large majority percentage of whatever market they compete within that they can use that strength to crush would-be competitors. In law, the phrase occurs as a characterization of judges vs. courts; as in: "Standard/Court Rule" vs "Gorilla/Judge Rule".

The metaphor has been mixed, on occasion, with the metaphor of the elephant in the room.
Nathan Katz (poet)
Nathan Katz (24 December 1892, in Waldighofen – 12 January 1981, in Mulhouse) was a Jewish Alsatian poet from the Sundgau region. He wrote in Standard German as well as the Alsatian dialect.

Serving at the East Front during the First World War, he was made prisoner in Nizhny Novgorod, where he wrote Das Galgenstüblein in June 1915.

Alsatian dialect
Alsatian (Alsatian: Elsässisch or Elsässerditsch "Alsatian German"; Lorraine Franconian: Elsässerdeitsch; French: Alsacien; German: Elsässisch or Elsässerdeutsch) is the group of Alemannic German and Franconian dialects spoken in most of Alsace, a formerly disputed region in eastern France that has passed between French and German control five times since 1681.
Chauncy Jerome Jr Shipwreck Site
Chauncy Jerome Jr Shipwreck Site is located in Long Branch City, Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. The ship was built in 1852 in East Haddam, Connecticut. It was named after Chauncey Jerome, a 19th-century clockmaker from Connecticut. It was 137 x 37 ft and weighed 1154 tons. The ship was a packet ship of the Blue Ball Line. The ship ran aground and sunk on January 12, 1854, and currently rests at 20 feet below the water near Seven Presidents Oceanfront Park. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 1, 1996.

East Haddam, Connecticut
East Haddam is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Lower Connecticut River Valley Planning Region. The population was 8,875 at the time of the 2020 census. It includes summer resorts, historical sites, and natural areas.
402nd Army Field Support Brigade
The 402nd Army Field Support Brigade (AFSB) is a support brigade of the United States Army.  The Brigade was activated on 16 October 2006 at Balad Air Base, Iraq.  In 2010, the unit took over responsibility for Army Field Support Battalions (AFSBn) in Kuwait and Qatar from the 401st AFSB.  The headquarters moved to Hawaii in 2015 to provides support to US Army Pacific and US Indo-Pacific Command.

United States Army Pacific
The United States Army Pacific (USARPAC) is an Army Service Component Command which serves as the Army component for United States Indo-Pacific Command. It may also serve as a Joint Task Force headquarters. The command has forces in Alaska, Hawaii, Japan, and South Korea. It also performs missions in Southeast Asia, in the countries stretching from the Philippines all the way to Bangladesh and India.

United States Forces Korea (USFK) has had operational command and control of U.S. forces in Korea since January 2012, and USARPAC headquarters oversees the manning, training, and equipping of Army forces assigned to USFK.

Subordinate units of this command have performed humanitarian missions in places as widely separated as Haiti, Cuba, and the Middle East.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in astronomy, astrophysics and related fields. It publishes original research in two formats: papers (of any length) and letters (limited to five pages). MNRAS publishes more articles per year than any other astronomy journal.

The learned society journal has been in continuous existence since 1827 and became online only in 2020. It operates as a partnership between the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS), who select and peer-review the contents, and Oxford University Press (OUP), who publish and market the journal. Despite its name, MNRAS is no longer monthly, nor does it carry the notices of the RAS. In 2024 MNRAS became a purely gold open access journal.

Self-archiving
Self-archiving is the act of (the author's) depositing a free copy of an electronic document online in order to provide open access to it. The term usually refers to the self-archiving of peer-reviewed research journal and conference articles, as well as theses and book chapters, deposited in the author's own institutional repository or open archive for the purpose of maximizing its accessibility, usage and citation impact. The term green open access has become common in recent years, distinguishing this approach from gold open access, where the journal itself makes the articles publicly available without charge to the reader.
China Western Development
China Western Development (西部大开发) is an economic policy applied in Western China as part of the effort to reduce imbalances in development between China's coastal regions and its interior.

The policy covers six provinces (Gansu, Guizhou, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Yunnan), five autonomous regions (Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Tibet and Xinjiang), and one municipality (Chongqing). Despite making up 71.4% of mainland China, this region holds only 28.8% of its population (as of 2002) and 19.9% of its total economic output (as of 2015).

Direct-administered municipality
A direct-administered municipality (直辖市; Zhíxiáshì; lit. 'direct-administered city'), commonly known as a municipality, is a provincial-level administrative division in China. The municipalities are directly affiliated with the central government of China. Although a city by name, a Chinese municipality is more than a city in a traditional sense. It is equivalent to a province as it is usually composed of a central urban area and a number of much larger surrounding suburban and rural areas. There are four such municipalities in China: Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, and Tianjin.
Muhammad Habibullah Adam Abdullah El-ilory
Muhammad Habibullah Adam Abdullah El-ilory (Mudirul Markaz) is the Founder and Proprietor of Markaz university College and the son of the late Sheikh Adam Abdullah Al-Ilory. He was born on November 17, 1958, in Lagos, Nigeria He is the first child of his mother and the fourth among 23 siblings of the late Sheikh Adam Abdullah Al-Ilory who was the Founder of the Markaz Arabic and Islamic Training Centre. Sheikh Muhammad Habibullah Adam Abdullah is a highly reputable Sunni-Sufi Scholar.

Adam Abdullah Al-Ilory
Adam Abdullah Al-Ilory (1917 – 3 May 1992) was a Beninese-Nigerian Islamic scholar, author, and education reformer. He played a leading role in the modernization of Islamic education in Nigeria and was the founder of the Arabic and Islamic Training Centre (commonly known as Markaz) in Agege, Lagos.
Slide Mountain Wilderness Area
The Slide Mountain Wilderness Area is, at 47,500 acres (19,200 ha), the largest tract of state-owned Forest Preserve in New York's Catskill Park, and the largest area under any kind of wilderness area protection between the Adirondacks and the southern Appalachians. It is located in the towns of Shandaken, Denning and Olive in Ulster County.

Shandaken, New York
Shandaken is a town on the northern border of Ulster County, New York, United States, northwest of Kingston, New York.  As of the 2020 census, the town had a total population of 2,866. The name is believed to be from an Esopus phrase for "land of rapid waters."
Dunarea Stadium (Giurgiu)
Dunărea Stadium (also often referred to as the „Port” Stadium) is a football venue located in the Port area of Giurgiu, Romania. It has a seating capacity of approximately 1,600.

The stadium features a main stand with a small executive area and a secondary stand. At the south end of the pitch, there is a building that houses the locker rooms, administrative offices, and storage facilities.

Since its inauguration, the stadium has been used almost continuously for events including third-division and county-level men's football, women's football, and American football.

Giurgiu
Giurgiu (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈdʒjurdʒju] ⓘ; Bulgarian: Гюргево, romanized: Gyurgevo; Turkish: Yergöğü) is a city in southern Romania. The seat of Giurgiu County, it lies in the historical region of Muntenia. It is situated amongst mud-flats and marshes on the left bank of the Danube facing the Bulgarian city of Ruse on the opposite bank. It is one of six Romanian county seats lying on the river Danube. Three small islands face the city, and a larger one shelters its port, Smarda. The rich grain-growing land to the north is traversed by a railway to Bucharest, the first line opened in Romania, which was built in 1869 and afterwards extended to Smarda. In the past, Giurgiu exported timber, grain, salt and petroleum, and imported coal, iron, and textiles.

The Giurgiu-Ruse Friendship Bridge, in the shared Bulgarian-Romanian section of the Danube, crosses the river in the outskirts of the city.
Valderrama, Antique
Valderrama, officially the Municipality of Valderrama (Kinaray-a: Banwa kang Valderrama; Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Valderrama; Tagalog: Bayan ng Valderrama), is a  municipality in the province of Antique, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 20,762 people. It is the second largest municipality in terms of land area, with a total area of 273.79 square kilometers.

It is a lively town in the province of Antique, known for its strong culture and natural charm. It is home to the Panubason Festival, a celebration of local harvest and traditions. The town highlights its clean rivers, mountain views, and active community life, making it a bright spot in the upland area of the province.

Karay-a language
The Karay-a language (Kinaray-a, Binisayâ nga Kinaray-a or Hinaraya; English: Harayan) is an Austronesian regional language in the Philippines spoken by the Karay-a people, mainly in Antique.

It is one of the Bisayan languages, along with Aklanon/Malaynon, Capiznon, Cebuano, and Hiligaynon.
Paremhat 16
Paremhat 15 – Coptic calendar – Paremhat 17

The sixteenth day of the Coptic month of Paremhat, the seventh month of the Coptic year. In common years, this day corresponds to March 12, of the Julian calendar, and March 25, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.

Coptic calendar
The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is a liturgical calendar used by the farming populace in Egypt and used by the Coptic Orthodox and Coptic Catholic churches. It was used for fiscal purposes in Egypt until the adoption of the Gregorian calendar on 11 September 1875 (1st Thout 1592 AM). Like the Julian calendar (and unlike the international Gregorian calendar), the Coptic calendar has a leap year every four years invariably; it does not skip leap years three times every 400 years.
Cheshire East (European Parliament constituency)
Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

The constituency of Cheshire East was one of them.

From 1979 to 1984, it consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies of Crewe, Hazel Grove, Knutsford, Macclesfield, Newton, Runcorn, and Warrington.

From 1984 to 1994, it consisted of Congleton, Crewe and Nantwich, Macclesfield, Staffordshire Moorlands, Tatton,  Warrington North, and Warrington South.

From 1994 to 1999, it consisted of Altrincham and Sale, Halton, Macclesfield, Manchester Wythenshawe, Tatton, Warrington North, and Warrington South.

Knutsford (UK Parliament constituency)
Knutsford was a county constituency in Cheshire which returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1885 until it was abolished for the 1983 general election.
David Webb (mathematician)
David Webb is an American mathematician known for his work on hearing the shape of a drum.

Webb attended Cornell University, where he received his PhD in 1983 under the supervision of Kenneth Stephen Brown. He is currently a professor of mathematics at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire.

In 2001 Webb and co-author Carolyn S. Gordon were awarded the Mathematical Association of America Chauvenet Prize for their 1996 American Scientist paper, "You can't hear the shape of a drum".

Hanover, New Hampshire
Hanover is a town located along the Connecticut River in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 11,870. The town is home to the Ivy League university  Dartmouth College, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, and Hanover High School. The Appalachian Trail crosses the town, connecting with a number of trails and nature preserves.

Most of the population resides in the Hanover census-designated place (CDP)—the main village of the town. Located at the junctions of New Hampshire routes 10, 10A, and 120, the Hanover CDP recorded a population of 9,078 people at the 2020 census. The town is part of the Lebanon–Claremont micropolitan area and also contains the smaller villages of Etna and Hanover Center.
Metamedia
The term metamedia, coined by Alan Kay and Adele Goldberg, refers to new relationships between form and content in the development of new technologies and new media.

In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the term was taken up by writers such as Douglas Rushkoff and Lev Manovich. Contemporary metamedia, such as at Stanford, has been expanded to describe, "a short circuit between the academy, the art studio and information science exploring media and their archaeological materiality." Metamedia utilizes new media and focuses on collaboration across traditional fields of study, melding everything from  improvisational theatre and performance art, to agile, adaptive software development and smart mobs.

Adele Goldberg (computer scientist)
Adele J. Goldberg (born July 22, 1945) is an American computer scientist. She was one of the co-developers of the programming language Smalltalk-80, which is a computer software that simplifies the programming language, and has been an influence on other programming languages such as Python, Objective-C, and Java.  She also developed many concepts related to object-oriented programming while a researcher at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), in the 1970s.
Open Systems & Information Dynamics
Open Systems & Information Dynamics (OSID) is a journal published by World Scientific. It covers interdisciplinary research in mathematics, physics, engineering and life sciences based upon the fields of information processing, storage and transmission, in both quantum and classical settings, with a theoretical focus. Topics include quantum information theory, open systems, decoherence, complexity theory of classical and quantum systems and other models of information processing.

World Scientific
World Scientific Publishing is an academic publisher of scientific, technical, and medical books and journals headquartered in Singapore. The company was founded in 1981. It publishes about 600 books annually, with more than 170 journals in various fields. In 1995, World Scientific co-founded the London-based Imperial College Press together with the Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine.