hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Violin Concerto No. 2 (Unsuk Chin)
The Violin Concerto No. 2, Scherben der Stille (Shards of Silence), is the second violin concerto by the Korean composer Unsuk Chin. It was written for the violinist Leonidas Kavakos in 2021 on a joint commission from the London Symphony Orchestra supported by the Ernst von Siemens Music Foundation, the Boston Symphony Orchestra supported in part by the Massachusetts Cultural Council's New Works Fund, and the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra. The piece was given its world premiere by Kavakos and the London Symphony Orchestra conducted by Simon Rattle at the Barbican Centre, London, on January 6, 2022.

Barbican Centre
The Barbican Centre is a performing arts centre in the Barbican Estate of the City of London, England, and the largest of its kind in Europe. The centre hosts classical and contemporary music concerts, theatre performances, film screenings and art exhibitions. It also houses a library, three restaurants, and a conservatory. The Barbican Centre is a member of the Global Cultural Districts Network.

The London Symphony Orchestra and the BBC Symphony Orchestra are based in the centre's Concert Hall. In 2013, it once again became the London-based venue of the Royal Shakespeare Company following the company's departure in 2001.

It was built as the City of London's gift to the nation at a cost of £161 million (equivalent to £718 million in 2023), and was officially opened to the public by Queen Elizabeth II on 3 March 1982. Together with the Southbank Centre, a similar arts centre, the Barbican Centre is also known for its brutalist architecture.
Nirvana bootleg recordings
The Nirvana bootleg recordings are a number of recordings of musical performances by the American rock band Nirvana, which were previously not officially released by the band, or under any other legal authority. The recordings consist of both live performances and outtakes from studio sessions unavailable as a legal release.

The 1997 book Nirvana: The Alternative CD & Vinyl Collectors Guide identified more than 300 Nirvana CD and vinyl bootlegs.

Spank Thru
"Spank Thru" is a song by the American rock band Nirvana, written by vocalist and guitarist Kurt Cobain. It appears on the compilation album Sub Pop 200, released in December 1988, and which reached the Top 40 of Cashbox magazine's alternative chart.

Though rarely performed live beyond the first few years of the band's existence, the song is significant in that it helped lead to the formation of Nirvana by helping convince bassist Krist Novoselic to start a band with Cobain. Novoselic specifically referred to the song as "the first Nirvana song" in the liner notes to the live compilation album From the Muddy Banks of the Wishkah, released in October 1996.
Vaasa riot
The Vaasa riot took place on 4 June 1930 in Vaasa, Finland, when members of the far-right, anti-communist, fascist Lapua Movement violently attacked communist supporters and bystanders at a courthouse in Vaasa. Police did not intervene in the attack.

While there were no fatalities or serious injuries during the attack outside the courthouse, members of the Lapua Movement kidnapped Asser Salo, a Finnish member of Parliament, who they later violently beat before releasing.

In the aftermath of the riot, the Finnish government blamed the attack on social democrats and ethnic Swedes, passed several anti-communist laws, and met with leadership of the Lapua Movement. The Vaasa riot signaled the defeat of moderate elements in the Lapua Movement, who were widely believed to stand for non-violence and the rule of law. As more radical elements gained control over the Lapua Movement, it began to focus more on acts of violence and political terror in the following months.

Communist Party of Finland
The Communist Party of Finland (Finnish: Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue, SKP; Swedish: Finlands Kommunistiska Parti) was a communist political party in Finland. The SKP was a section of Comintern and illegal in Finland until 1944.

The SKP was banned by the state from its founding and did not participate in any elections with its own name. Instead, front organisations were used. In the 1920s, the communists took part in the Socialist Workers' Party of Finland (1920–1923) and the Socialist Electoral Organisation of Workers and Smallholders (1924–1930). Both of them were also banned. In 1944, a new front, the Finnish People's Democratic League was formed. The SKP controlled these fronts but they always had a prominent minority of non-communist socialists.
Dehn's lemma
In mathematics, Dehn's lemma asserts that a piecewise-linear map of a disk into a 3-manifold, with the map's singularity set in the disk's interior, implies the existence of another piecewise-linear map of the disk which is an embedding and is identical to the original on the boundary of the disk.

This theorem was thought to be proven by Max Dehn (1910), but  Hellmuth Kneser (1929, page 260) found a gap in the proof.  The status of Dehn's lemma remained in doubt until  Christos Papakyriakopoulos (1957, 1957b) using work by Johansson (1938) proved it using his "tower construction".  He also generalized the theorem to the loop theorem and sphere theorem.

Mathematische Annalen
Mathematische Annalen (abbreviated as Math. Ann. or, formerly, Math. Annal.) is a German mathematical research journal founded in 1868 by Alfred Clebsch and Carl Neumann. Subsequent managing editors were Felix Klein, David Hilbert, Otto Blumenthal, Erich Hecke, Heinrich Behnke, Hans Grauert, Heinz Bauer, Herbert Amann, Jean-Pierre Bourguignon, Wolfgang Lück, Nigel Hitchin, and Thomas Schick. Currently, the managing editor of Mathematische Annalen is Yoshikazu Giga (University of Tokyo).

Volumes 1–80 (1869–1919) were published by Teubner. Since 1920 (vol. 81), the journal has been published by Springer. In the late 1920s, under the editorship of Hilbert, the journal became embroiled in controversy over the participation of L. E. J. Brouwer on its editorial board, a spillover from the foundational Brouwer–Hilbert controversy. Between 1945 and 1947, the journal briefly ceased publication.
Marvin Kleeb
Marvin Kleeb (born December 21, 1956) is a former Republican member of the Kansas House of Representatives, representing the 48th district from 2009 to 2017.  After re-election in 2016, he decided to retire and was replaced by Abraham Rafie.

Kleeb is a member of the Kansas National Federation of Independent Businesses State Council, Mid-America Personnel and Staffing Services, and the Overland Park Rotary.

Kansas House of Representatives
The Kansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Kansas. Composed of 125 state representatives from districts with roughly equal populations of at least 19,000, its members are responsible for crafting and voting on legislation, helping to create a state budget, and legislative oversight over state agencies. Representatives are elected to two-year terms. The Kansas House of Representatives does not have term limits. The legislative session convenes at the Kansas State Capitol in Topeka annually.
Daniel Roos
Daniel Roos is an American engineer, focusing on the technology and policy of transportation systems, and currently the Japan Steel Industry Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Engineering Systems Emeritus at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Transport network analysis
A transport network, or transportation network, is a network or graph in geographic space, describing an infrastructure that permits and constrains movement or flow.
Examples include but are not limited to road networks, railways, air routes, pipelines, aqueducts, and power lines. The digital representation of these networks, and the methods for their analysis, is a core part of spatial analysis, geographic information systems, public utilities, and transport engineering. Network analysis is an application of the theories and algorithms of graph theory and is a form of proximity analysis.
Freedom Alliance Party of Liberia
The Freedom Alliance Party of Liberia (FAPL) was a political party in Liberia which fielded candidates in the 2005 and 2011 elections.

FAPL candidate Margaret Tor-Thompson won 0.9% of the vote in the first round of the 2005 presidential poll. The party failed to win any seats in the Senate or House of Representatives.

In the Liberian elections of 2011 the party nominated Togba-Nah Tipoteh for president.

House of Representatives of Liberia
The House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the bicameral legislative branch of Liberia, and together with the Senate comprises the Legislature of Liberia. The number of seats is fixed by law at 73, with each county being apportioned a number of seats based on its percentage of the national population. House members represent single-member districts within the counties drawn up by the National Elections Commission and serve six-year terms. The House meets at the Capitol Building in Monrovia.

The primary purpose of the House is to pass bills in conjunction with the Senate so that they may be sent to the president for signature or veto. The House also holds the exclusive right to introduce revenue bills into the Legislature, as well as to impeach the president, the vice president and judges upon the concurrence of two-thirds of its members. The House is led by the Speaker of the House, elected at the beginning of each new legislature from among its members only.
Tallaganda Shire
Tallaganda Shire, was a local government area in New South Wales  centered on Braidwood, New South Wales It lasted from colonial times until February 2004, when the local government organisation was absorbed into newly created  Palerang Council.

In 2000 shortly before its absorption into Palerang Council, the Shire of Tallaganda was described as

The Shire has a small population, but is in a favorable location within the Sydney, Canberra, Batemans Bay triangle and its population is not going backwards. Unlike almost all of regional Australia, the Shire does not suffer from a lack of visitors. In fact it has a steady flow of visitors every day of the year, providing great opportunities for suitable business ideas.  And also unlike similar small shires in many rural areas, the Shire is not in crisis.

Braidwood, New South Wales
Braidwood is a town in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, in Queanbeyan–Palerang Regional Council. It is located on the  Kings Highway linking Canberra with Batemans Bay. It is approximately 200 kilometres south west of Sydney,  60 kilometres inland from the coast, and 55 kilometres east of Canberra. Braidwood is a service town for the surrounding district which is based on sheep and cattle grazing, and forestry operations.
Bryan Cohn
Bryan Cohn is an American politician who is currently serving as a Democratic member of the North Carolina House of Representatives, representing the 32nd district. The district is based in Granville and Vance counties. He was first elected in 2024, narrowly defeating incumbent representative Frank Sossamon.

Granville County, North Carolina
Granville County is a county located on the northern border of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 60,992. Its county seat is Oxford. The county has access to Kerr Lake and Falls Lake and is part of the Roanoke, Tar and Neuse River watersheds.
Lytle
Lytle is a surname that can refer to:

Andrew Nelson Lytle (1902–1995), American writer

Bob Lytle (1916–1998), American basketball player

Chris Lytle, American martial arts fighter

Donald Lytle (1938–2003), stage name of Johnny Paycheck, American singer-songwriter

Jason Lytle, American musician

Johnny Lytle, American boxer, musician

Lutie Lytle, American lawyer

Marshall Lytle, American musician

Rob Lytle, American football player

Robert Todd Lytle, American politician

William Haines Lytle, American general, politician, and poet

Jason Lytle
Jason Lytle (/ˈlaɪtəl/ LY-təl; born March 26, 1969) is an American musician best known for his work in the indie rock group Grandaddy. The group split in 2005, and Lytle continued to release music as a solo artist and in collaboration with other musicians. Grandaddy reformed in 2012. They ceased recording and touring again in 2017 following the sudden death of co-founder and bassist, Kevin Garcia. Grandaddy reformed again for a tour that began in the summer of 2025.
Emil Jones
Emil Jones Jr. (born October 18, 1935) is an American politician who was the president of the Illinois Senate from 2003 to 2009. A Democrat, Jones served in the Illinois Senate from 1983 to 2009, where he served as President of the Illinois Senate from 2003 to the end of his term. Previously, he was a member of the Illinois House of Representatives from 1973 until 1983.

Roosevelt University
Roosevelt University is a private university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1945, it was named in honor of United States president Franklin Delano Roosevelt and first lady Eleanor Roosevelt. The university consists of four colleges: the Chicago College of Performing Arts; the College of Humanities, Education & Social Sciences; the College of Science, Health and Pharmacy; and the Walter E. Heller College of Business.

The university also has a campus in Schaumburg, Illinois. The university's newest academic building, Wabash, is located in the Loop in downtown Chicago. It is the tallest educational building in Chicago, the second tallest educational building in the United States, and the fourth-largest academic complex in the world.
Luciano González (basketball)
Luciano "Chuzito" González (born 1 January 1990) is an Argentine basketball player for Diablos Rojos del México of the Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional (LNBP). Standing at 188 cm (6 ft 2 in), he plays as shooting guard.

Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional
The National Professional Basketball League (Spanish: Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional or LNBP), officially known as the Liga Caliente LNBP for sponsorship reasons, is the top professional basketball league in Mexico. The league was founded in 2000 with 10 teams.

Notable basketball players who have played in the league include Jamario Moon, Dennis Rodman and Sun Mingming, among many others.
Jabłonowo-Kąty
Jabłonowo-Kąty [jabwɔˈnɔvɔ ˈkɔntɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sokoły, within Wysokie Mazowieckie County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. According to the 2011 census, the population was 71.

Wysokie Mazowieckie County
Wysokie Mazowieckie County (Polish: powiat wysokomazowiecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Wysokie Mazowieckie, which lies 49 kilometres (30 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok. The only other towns in the county are Ciechanowiec, lying 27 km (17 mi) south of Wysokie, Szepietowo, 6 km (4 mi) south of Wysokie, and as from 1 January 2011 Czyżew.

The county covers an area of 1,288.49 square kilometres (497.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population was 57,051, out of which the population of Wysokie Mazowieckie was 9,415, that of Ciechanowiec 4,631, that of Czyżew 2,633, that of Szepietowo 2,170, and the rural population 38,202.
Jule Flötgen
Jule Manon Flötgen (born 24 December 1991) is a German ice hockey goaltender and member of the German national ice hockey team, currently playing in the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL) with Leksands IF Dam.

She represented Germany at the 2019 IIHF Women's World Championship. As a junior player with the German national under-18 team, she participated in the 2009 IIHF Women's U18 World Championship.

2008 IIHF World Women's U18 Championship
The 2008 IIHF World Women's U18 Championship was the inaugural junior female world ice hockey championship. It was held from 7 to 12 January 2008, in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The championship is the junior ice hockey version of the women worlds, held under the auspices of the IIHF.

The inaugural competition featured two groups of nations in round robin play, followed by playoffs. There were eight national teams.
Trimble House (Lonoke, Arkansas)
The Trimble House is a historic house at 518 Center Street in Lonoke, Arkansas.  It is a large 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, with a tall gabled roof.  A large gabled section relieves the left side of the gable, and a gable section projects from the front, from which the entry porch, also gabled, projects.  Built in 1916, it is a fine example of Craftsman architecture, designed by Charles L. Thompson.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Lonoke, Arkansas
Lonoke (/ˈloʊnoʊk/) is the third most populous city in Lonoke County, Arkansas, United States, and serves as its county seat. As of the 2020 census, Lonoke had a population of 4,276. It is part of the Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway metropolitan area.
Optical phase space
In quantum optics, an optical phase space is a phase space in which all quantum states of an optical system are described. Each point in the optical phase space corresponds to a unique state of an optical system. For any such system, a plot of the quadratures against each other, possibly as functions of time, is called a phase diagram. If the quadratures are functions of time then the optical phase diagram can show the evolution of a quantum optical system with time.

An optical phase diagram can give insight into the properties and behaviors of the system that might otherwise not be obvious. This can allude to qualities of the system that can be of interest to an individual studying an optical system that would be very hard to deduce otherwise. Another use for an optical phase diagram is that it shows the evolution of the state of an optical system. This can be used to determine the state of the optical system at any point in time.

Phase space
The phase space of a physical system is the set of all possible physical states of the system when described by a given parameterization. Each possible state corresponds uniquely to a point in the phase space. For mechanical systems, the phase space usually consists of all possible values of the position and momentum parameters. It is the direct product of direct space and reciprocal space. The concept of phase space was developed in the late 19th century by Ludwig Boltzmann, Henri Poincaré, and Josiah Willard Gibbs.
Mary Rolleston
Elizabeth Mary Rolleston (30 March 1845 – 4 June 1940), known as Mary Rolleston, was a New Zealand homemaker, political hostess and community leader.

She was born Elizabeth Mary Brittan in Castleton, Dorset, England in 1845. Her parents were Joseph Brittan, a surgeon and newspaper proprietor, and Elizabeth Mary Brittan (née Chandler). She had five siblings, two of whom died in infancy and a fortnight after the birth and then death of the last child in 1849, her mother herself died. The surviving siblings were Joseph (Joe), Arthur, and Frances (Frank). She attended Mrs Thomson's School for Young Ladies in Christchurch.

Mary Brittan married William Rolleston on 24 May 1865 at Holy Trinity Avonside. She died in Christchurch on 4 June 1940.

Holy Trinity Avonside
Holy Trinity Avonside was a heritage-listed Anglican church located in the Avonside Parish, Christchurch, New Zealand. It was registered as a "Historic Place – Category I" by the New Zealand Historic Places Trust. The church building was "damaged beyond the point of repair" in the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake and was demolished the following September.
Buning Brongers Award
The Buning Brongers Award is a biennial Dutch art prize for young artists.

This award is the biggest private art prize of the Netherlands. The prize consists of the sum of €4500. For the winners, there is an exhibition organized, an award ceremony at Arti et Amicitiae, and a catalog published. Candidates for the prize are nominated by the Dutch art schools.

The Buning Brongers Prizes are awarded by the Buning Brongers Foundation from the legacy of Johan Buning, his wife Titia Brongers, and his sister-in-law Jeanette Brongers. The prize was first awarded in 1966 and has been awarded every one or two years since then.

Arti et Amicitiae
Arti et Amicitiae (lat .: For Art and Friendship) is a Dutch artist's society founded in 1839, and located on the Rokin in Amsterdam. The Society (also called Arti for short) has played a key role in the Netherlands art scene and in particular in the Amsterdam art schools. It was and is to this day a hub for artists and art lovers in the city of Amsterdam. It is a private institution which supports artists, maintains social networks and offers a pension fund. In recent times it has been one of the venues for the 17th edition of the Sonic Acts Festival.

Arti et Amicitiae is also the name of the building. The complex was merged from two separate buildings and given a white neo-classical facade by J. H. Leliman in 1855.
Richard Grant Hiskey
Richard G. Hiskey (May 21, 1929 – July 28, 2016) was an American chemist and Alumni Distinguished Professor of Chemistry at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Hiskey joined the department of chemistry of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1958. He served in various capacities within the university, including director of graduate studies (1965-1970) and chairman of the department (1970-1975), (elected) chairman of the division of natural sciences from 1975 to 1981, and faculty representative to the Atlantic Coast Conference and National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (1985-1995).

Emporia State University
Emporia State University (Emporia State or ESU) is a public university in Emporia, Kansas, United States. Established in March 1863 as the Kansas State Normal School, Emporia State is the third-oldest public university in the state of Kansas. Emporia State is one of six public universities governed by the Kansas Board of Regents.

The university offers degrees through seven schools, one college, and one institute: the School of Business and Technology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Library and Information Management, School of Science and Mathematics, School of Visual and Performing Arts, School of Applied Health Sciences, The Teachers College, and the Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies. Prior to the 2023–24 school year, Emporia State only had two schools and colleges.
George Washington Johnson (poet)
George Washington Johnson (1839, Binbrook, Upper Canada – 1917, Pasadena, California) was a Canadian schoolteacher and poet best known for writing the song “When You and I Were Young, Maggie,” dedicated to his first wife Maggie Clark.

Binbrook, Ontario
Binbrook is a community in southeastern Hamilton, Ontario, in Canada. It was amalgamated into the city of Hamilton in 2001. Binbrook has a population of 10,791 residents (2021). Binbrook was amalgamated alongside Mount Hope to form Glanbrook in 1974. Since then, hundreds of new homes have been built in Binbrook, which is separated from Hamilton by conservation and agricultural lands.
NK Naklo
Nogometni klub Naklo (English: Naklo Football Club), commonly referred to as NK Naklo or simply Naklo, is a Slovenian football club from Naklo. The club played a total of four seasons in the Slovenian PrvaLiga, the country's highest division, in the 1990s, before folding in 2010 after failing to obtain competition licences issued by the Football Association of Slovenia. It was refounded in the same year.

Naklo, Naklo
Naklo (pronounced [ˈnaːklɔ]; German: Naklas) is the largest town and the seat of the Municipality of Naklo in Slovenia. In addition to the main settlement, formerly known as Veliko Naklo (German: Großnaklas), it includes the hamlets of Malo Naklo (German: Kleinnaklas), Pivka (German: Piuka), and Podreber.