hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Debt-to-equity ratio
A company's debt-to-equity (D/E) ratio is a financial ratio indicating the relative proportion of shareholders' equity and debt used to finance the company's assets. Closely related to leveraging, the ratio is also known as risk ratio, gearing ratio or leverage ratio. The two components are often taken from the firm's balance sheet or statement of financial position (so-called book value), but the ratio may also be calculated using market values for both, if the company's debt and equity are publicly traded, or using a combination of book value for debt and market value for equity financing.

Equity (finance)
In finance, equity is an ownership interest in property that may be subject to debts or other liabilities. Equity is measured for accounting purposes by subtracting liabilities from the value of the assets owned. For example, if someone owns a car worth $24,000 and owes $10,000 on the loan used to buy the car, the difference of $14,000 is equity. Equity can apply to a single asset, such as a car or house, or to an entire business. A business that needs to start up or expand its operations can sell its equity in order to raise cash that does not have to be repaid on a set schedule.

When liabilities attached to an asset exceed its value, the difference is called a deficit and the asset is informally said to be "underwater" or "upside-down". In government finance or other non-profit settings, equity is known as "net position" or "net assets".
Cetomimidae
Cetomimidae is a family of small, deep-sea beryciform ray-finned fish. They are among the most deep-living fish known, with some species recorded at depths in excess of 3,500 m (11,500 ft).  Females are known as flabby whalefishes, Males are known as bignose fishes, while juveniles are known as tapetails and were formerly thought to be in a separate family, dubbed Mirapinnidae.  Adults exhibit extreme sexual dimorphism, and the adult males were once thought to be exemplars of still another family, Megalomycteridae.

Thought to have a circumglobal distribution throughout the Southern Hemisphere, Cetomimidae are the most diverse family of whalefishes. The largest species, Gyrinomimus grahami, reaches a length of some 40 cm, though most species average around 20 cm. They are distinguished from other whalefishes by their loose, scaleless skin and lack of photophores.

Photophore
A photophore is a specialized anatomical structure found in a variety of organisms that emits light through the process of  bioluminescence. This light may be produced endogenously by the organism itself (non-symbiotic) or generated through a mutualistic relationship with bioluminescent bacteria (symbiotic), resulting in light production on a glandular organ of animals. Light organs are most commonly found in marine animals, including many species of fish and cephalopods. The organ can be simple, or as complex as the human eye, equipped with lenses, shutters, color filters, and reflectors; unlike an eye, however, it is optimized to produce light, not absorb it.

In the context of developmental biology, light organs form through precise genetic regulation and, in some cases, microbial colonization during specific stages of an organism's life cycle. They play a crucial evolutionary role in enabling species to adapt to low-light or dark environments, particularly in the deep sea.
Paternian
Paternian or Paternianus (Italian: San Paterniano) is the name of an Italian saint. A native of Fermo who escaped to the mountains during the persecutions of Christians by Diocletian, he was then appointed bishop of Fano by Pope Sylvester I.

(Paternian is often confused with Parthenian (Parteniano), a bishop of Bologna, also commemorated on 12 July.)

Pope Sylvester I
Pope Sylvester I (also Silvester, before 284 – 31 December 335) was the bishop of Rome from 31 January 314 until his death on 31 December 335. He filled the See of Rome at an important era in the history of the Western Church, though very little is known of his life.

During his pontificate, he notably convened the Council of Arles in 314, which condemned the separatist Donatist sect, and the First Council of Nicaea in 325, which aimed to resolve the Arian controversy.

Sylvester I's pontificate coincided with the construction of churches including Old St. Peter's Basilica, the Basilica of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem (Santa Croce in Gerusalemme), as well as the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran. His feast is celebrated as Saint Sylvester's Day, on 31 December in Western Christianity, and on 2 January in Eastern Christianity.
Starlight Place
Starlight Place is a shopping mall located in Chongqing, People's Republic of China. Designed by the architectural firm Aedas, it officially opened in 2012.

Dominating Jiang Nan Avenue, Starlight Place was designed to become a landmark building that celebrates Nanping district as the southern gateway to the city centre.

Unlike  other cities in China, Chongqing has very little direct sunlight and so Starlight Place has a generous glass atrium skylight to bring natural daylight deep into the public spaces of the shopping mall.

Aedas
Aedas is an architectural firm founded by the Welsh architect Keith Griffiths. Aedas employs 1,000 staff in its twelve offices in Hong Kong, Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Singapore, Dubai, Riyadh, Delhi and Seattle and provides services in architecture, interior design, urban design, masterplanning and graphic design. It was established in 2002.
Other True Self
Other True Self is an album by American guitarist and Living Colour member Vernon Reid, his third as a leader. It was recorded in October 2005 at Gigantic Studios in New York City, and was released in 2006 by Favored Nations. On the album, Reid is backed by members of his band Masque: keyboard player Leon Gruenbaum, bassist Hank Schroy, and drummer Don McKenzie.

In an interview, Reid stated that one of the album's primary influences was the Mahavishnu Orchestra album The Inner Mounting Flame. He commented: "It was really raw and unlike anything else I'd heard. John McLaughlin, along with other innovators of that period like Miles Davis, Billy Cobham, and Tony Williams represent the inspiration behind Other True Self."

Favored Nations
Favored Nations Entertainment is a record label founded in 1999 by guitarist Steve Vai and Ray Scherr, former owner of Guitar Center.

The first album released by the label was Coming to Your Senses by guitarist Frank Gambale in 2000. Soon after, a diverse range of artists were signed, such as Johnny A., Larry Carlton, Peppino D'Agostino, Marty Friedman, Johnny Hiland, Allan Holdsworth, Eric Johnson, Stanley Jordan, Steve Lukather, Novecento, John Petrucci, Eric Sardinas, Neal Schon, Andy Timmons, Dave Weiner, The Yardbirds, and Dweezil Zappa.

The label expanded with the creation of separate branches, Favored Nations Acoustic in 2002 and Favored Nations Cool in 2004. Pro-Found, a sister label, promotes Favored Nations artists through the Favored Nations and ProFound websites.
Vishal Sinha
Vishal Sinha (born 7 March 1975)  is an Indian cinematographer who works in Hindi films. He has shot films such as Darna Mana Hai (2003), Bhoot (2003), Ab Tak Chhappan (2004), and Raanjhanaa (2015). He debuted as an independent cinematographer with the film Bhoot directed by Ram Gopal Verma, and worked as camera operator in Ketan Mehta's Mangal Pandey: The Rising. Besides feature films, he has also shot many advertising films, documentaries and short films.

Darna Mana Hai
Darna Mana Hai (English: Fear is forbidden) is a 2003 Indian Hindi-language anthology horror film. The film consists of six different short stories. It stars Nana Patekar, Vivek Oberoi, Aftab Shivdasani, Shilpa Shetty, Sameera Reddy, Isha Koppikar, Saif Ali Khan, and Sohail Khan, among many others. Upon release, it met with an extremely negative response. Despite the fact, it became a cult classic movie.
Like previous Ram Gopal Varma film Bhoot, it did not feature the songs composed for it.

Later in 2006, Ram Gopal Varma, the producer, spawned Darna Zaroori Hai, a sequel with a different ensemble cast, six new cinematographers, and seven different directors. Only Rajpal Yadav and director Prawaal Raman were back from the previous installment. Darna Mana Hai has been dubbed and released in Telugu with the same title. It is loosely based on the 1997 film Campfire Tales.
Sholem Aleichem Amur State University
Sholem Aleichem Amur State University (Russian: Приамурский государственный университет имени Шолом-Алейхема), formerly Birobidzhan State Pedagogical Institute, is a university in Russia. This is the only university based in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast. It is named after Jewish-Russian author Sholem Aleichem.

Sholem Aleichem
Solomon Naumovich Rabinovich (Russian: Соломон Наумович Рабинович; March 2 [O.S. February 18] 1859 – May 13, 1916), better known under his pen name Sholem Aleichem, was a Yiddish author and playwright who lived in the Russian Empire and in the United States. The 1964 musical Fiddler on the Roof, based on Aleichem's stories about Tevye the Dairyman, was the first commercially successful English-language stage production about Jewish life in Eastern Europe.

The Hebrew phrase שלום עליכם (shalom aleichem) literally means "[May] peace [be] upon you!", and is a greeting in traditional Hebrew and Yiddish.
Gerry Conlee
Gerald Russell Conlee (August 22, 1914 – July 15, 2005) was an American football center.

Conlee was born in Porterville, California, in 1914 and attended Chico High School in Chico, California. He played college football at St. Mary's from 1934 to 1936.

He played professional football in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cleveland Rams in 1938 and the Detroit Lions in 1943 and in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) for the San Francisco 49ers from 1946 to 1947. He appeared in 41 professional football games, seven of them as a starter.

He died in 2005 in El Cajon, California.

Chico, California
Chico (/ˈtʃiːkoʊ/ CHEE-koh; Spanish for "boy") is the most populous city in Butte County, California, United States. Located in the Sacramento Valley region of Northern California, the city had a population of 101,475 in the 2020 census, an increase from 86,187 in the 2010 census. Chico is the cultural and economic center of the northern Sacramento Valley, as well as the most populous city in California north of the capital city of Sacramento. The city is known as a college town, as the home of California State University, Chico, and for Bidwell Park, one of the largest urban parks in the world.
Sperenberg Airfield
52°08′13.21″N 13°18′25.4″E﻿ / ﻿52.1370028°N 13.307056°E﻿ / 52.1370028; 13.307056
Sperenberg Airfield was a military air base located near the town of Sperenberg in Brandenburg, Germany. It served as a primary Soviet logistics hub  and was the departure point for Erich Honecker’s flight to Moscow in 1991.

Air base
An airbase or air base, sometimes referred to as a military airbase, military airfield, military airport, air station, naval air station, air force station, or air force base, is an aerodrome or airport used as a military base by a military force for operating military aircraft.
2025 Men's EuroHockey Championship II
The 2025 Men's EuroHockey Championship II was the eleventh edition of the Men's EuroHockey Championship II, the second level of the men's European field hockey championships organized by the European Hockey Federation.

It was held from 27 July to 2 August 2025 at AD Lousada in Lousada, Portugal. The finalists qualified directly for the 2027 Men's EuroHockey Championship in London, England. The top three teams qualified for the 2026 World Cup Qualifiers.

Wales won their first Championship II title by defeating the defending champions Ireland 3–1 in a shoot-out after the final finished 1–1 in regular time. Scotland won the bronze medal by defeating Italy 5–2.

European Hockey Federation
EuroHockey is a European sports federation for field hockey, based in Brussels. It is the umbrella organisation for all European national federations, and organises the Euro Hockey League. The president of the league is Marcos Hofmann. In reaction to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Hockey Federation banned the participation of all Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials from all events sanctioned by the Federation.
English-language radio
English-language radio refers to radio stations that broadcast primarily in the English language and are located in countries where English is not an official language or majority language. Often referred to as "English-speaking radio" or "Expat radio" the broadcasts enables expats, vacationers and travelers to listen to radio in their native language while traveling abroad. The idea is that stations broadcast in English to popular holiday destinations such as Pattaya, the French Riviera, the Costa del Sol or places with high expat communities. English language broadcasting also takes the form of military-backed radio such as the American Forces Network. However English-language radio based in foreign countries has to now compete with the introduction of internet radio and satellite technology that has increased listener's access to English-language radio based in "home" counties.

British Forces Broadcasting Service
The British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides radio and television programmes for His Majesty's Armed Forces, and their dependents worldwide. Editorial control is independent of the Ministry of Defence and the armed forces themselves. It was established by the British War Office (now the Ministry of Defence) in 1943. In 1944, it was managed by Gale Pedrick.
Josip Pavić
Josip Pavić (Croatian pronunciation: [jǒsip pǎːʋitɕ]; born 15 January 1982) is a Croatian water polo player who competed in the 2008, 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics, winning the gold medal in 2012 and the silver in 2016. He was widely regarded as the best goalkeeper in the 2012 Olympic tournament. He was named the best world water polo player in 2012, by FINA.

Pavić was given the honour to carry the national flag of Croatia at the opening ceremony of the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio, becoming the 24th water polo player to be a flag bearer at the opening and closing ceremonies of the Olympics.

Since 2015, he plays for Greek powerhouse Olympiacos. In 2018, he won the 2017–18 LEN Champions League as captain of Olympiacos and he was voted Final Eight MVP.

A1 Ethniki Water Polo
The A1 Ethniki (Greek: Α1 Εθνική Κατηγορία), often referred to as the Greek Water Polo League, is the highest professional water polo league in Greece. It is run by the Hellenic Swimming Federation. It is considered one of the top national leagues in European water polo, as its clubs have made significant success in European competitions.

Olympiacos Piraeus has conquered the most Greek League titles, with 39. Ethnikos also has the record for consecutive championships, with 18.
12:01 PM (1990 film)
12:01 PM is a 1990 short film directed by Jonathan Heap and starring Kurtwood Smith. It aired on cable television in 1990 as part of the Showtime 30-Minute Movie anthology series. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Live Action Short Film.

It is the first film adaptation of the short story "12:01 P.M." by Richard A. Lupoff, which was published in the December 1973 edition of The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction. The major plot device is a time loop or time bounce.

Kurtwood Smith
Kurtwood Larson Smith (born July 3, 1943) is an American actor. He is known for playing Clarence Boddicker in RoboCop (1987), Robert Griggs in Rambo III (1988), Thomas Perry in Dead Poets Society (1989), Stump Sisson in A Time to Kill (1996), as well as Red Forman in That '70s Show (1998–2006) and That '90s Show (2023–2024),  along with his many appearances in science fiction films and television programs (Lou Grant, Star Trek, The X-Files). He also starred in the seventh season of 24. He voiced Gene on Regular Show (2012–2017), portrayed Leslie Claret on Patriot (2015–2018), and Old Man Peterson on The Ranch (2017–2020).
2015–16 Campionato Sammarinese di Calcio
The 2015–16 Campionato Sammarinese di Calcio season was the thirty-first since its establishment. It is the highest level in San Marino, in which the country's top 15 amateur football clubs play. The season began on 11 September 2015 and ended with the play-off final on 26 May 2016. Folgore/Falciano were the defending champions.

Serravalle, San Marino
Serravalle (Romagnol: Saravâl) is one of the nine castelli of San Marino. It has a population of 11,226 inhabitants (of whom 2,000 are of foreign origin) and an area of 10.53 km2 (4 sq. mi.). It is both the most populated and densely populated municipality in San Marino, and contains its largest settlement (Dogana). Serravalle is located on the edge of the Apennine Mountains.
Dallas Ferguson
Dallas Ferguson (born November 24, 1972) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman and coach.  Ferguson retired as a player in 2000 following a four-year professional career in the West Coast Hockey League with the Alaska Gold Kings and Anchorage Aces.

In 2008, Ferguson became the 25th head coach of the Alaska Nanooks, taking over from Doc DeCastillo. He coached the 2009–10 Nanooks to the NCAA Tournament for the first time in program history. In 2014, due to a lack of institutional compliance, all wins and ties from 2007–08 through 2011–12 were forfeited and the program's lone NCAA appearance was vacated.

He was the head coach for the Calgary Hitmen of the Western Hockey League in the 2017–18 season.

He returned to college hockey as an assistant with the University of Denver Pioneers in 2018.

Colorado Gold Kings
The Colorado Gold Kings, previously known as the Alaska Gold Kings, were an American professional minor league ice hockey team based in Fairbanks, Alaska, and later Colorado Springs, Colorado. The Gold Kings were members of the West Coast Hockey League.
Hu Ting
Hu Ting (Chinese: 胡婷, born 12 February 1981) is a former Chinese badminton player. Born in Hubei, Hu was joined the provincial team in 1994. She then selected to join the national junior team in 1997, after that in the senior team in 1998. Hu was two times Asian Junior Champion in 1998 and 1999, also the runner-up in 1998 World Junior Championships. She won the senior title at the 2002 Malaysia Open, defeating the World No.1 women's singles player Camilla Martin.

Camilla Martin
Camilla Martin Nygaard (née Martin; born 23 March 1974) is a Danish retired badminton player. She and Lene Køppen, who played two decades earlier, are the only Danish women to have won both the All England and World Championships singles titles.
Josef Klein (athlete)
Josef Friederich Karl Klein (12 November 1916 – 2 November 1941) was a Czechoslovak athlete. He competed in the men's javelin throw and the men's decathlon at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

Klein was educated in his native Czechoslovakia and at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, where he read the modern and medieval languages tripos and graduated with a BA in 1938. A member of the Czech resistance following the outbreak of World War II, he reportedly died shortly after being released from captivity, during which he was allegedly tortured.

Tripos
A Tripos (/ˈtraɪpɒs/ ⓘ, plural 'Triposes') is an academic examination that originated at the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. The term encompasses both the examinations required for undergraduate students to qualify for a bachelor's degree and the courses of study undertaken to prepare for such examinations. Undergraduate students studying mathematics, for instance, ultimately take the Mathematical Tripos, and students of English literature take the English Tripos.
Koenraad Dillen
Koenraad Francine Gaston "Koen" Dillen (born 6 November 1964) is a Belgian politician and a former Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Flanders with the Vlaams Belang, sitting in the Identity, Tradition, Sovereignty group in the European Parliament. He is the son of Karel Dillen, founder of the Vlaams Blok.

He sat on its Committee on Development, and was a substitute for the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs and a member of the Delegation to the ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly.

European Parliament Committee on Development
The Committee on Development (Commission du développement, DEVE) is a committee of the European Parliament responsible for promoting, implementing and monitoring the development and cooperation policy of the European Union, notably talks with developing countries; aid to developing countries; and promotion of democratic values, good governance and human rights in developing countries.

The committee has twenty-five members and the same number of substitute members. Its current chair, elected on 23 July 2024, is Barry Andrews from Renew Europe.
Erelim
Erelim (Hebrew: אֶרְאֶלִּים, ʾErʾellīm; sing. אֶרְאֵל, ʾErʾēl; "valiant ones"), is a class of angel whose existence is derived from a verse in the book of Isaiah regarding the impending invasion of Jerusalem by Sennacherib during the reign of King Hezekiah.

While the erelim are ascribed numerous functions in Jewish and Kabbalistic texts and literature, they most often appear to be associated with moments of death and national tragedy. They appear in multiple angelic hierarchies, ranking first among the ten orders of angels in the Berit Menuchah, second in the Zohar, third by Maimonides, and tenth in the Maseket Azilut.

Berit Menuchah
Berit Menuchah (Hebrew: סֵפֶר בְּרִית מְנוּחָה, romanized: Sēp̱er bərit̲ mənuḥāh; also Berit Menuḥa, Berith Menuḥa, or Brit Menucha) is a practical Kabbalah work written in the 14th century by Abraham ben Isaac of Granada. It consists of a system of theurgy which uses the names of God in Judaism and his emanations for spiritual and magical purposes. An English translation thereof was published in 2007.
Jean-Henri Voulland
Jean-Henri Voulland (11 October 1751, Uzès, Languedoc – 23 February 1801, Paris) was a politician of the French Revolution.  Originating from a Protestant family, he originally studied law.  One of his offices was as deputy for Gard in the National Convention, to which role he was elected on 5 September 1792. In September 1793 he was elected as a member of the Committee of General Security. He became part of the opposition to Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety and played an important role in the overthrow of Robespierre on 9 Thermidor (27 July 1794).

Languedoc
The Province of Languedoc (/ˌlɒ̃ɡ(ə)ˈdɒk/, French: [lɑ̃ɡ(ə)dɔk], locally [lãᵑɡəˈdɔk]; Occitan: Lengadòc [ˌleŋɡɔˈðɔ(k)]) is a former province of France.
Most of its territory is now contained in the modern-day region of Occitanie in Southern France. Its capital city was Toulouse. It had an area of approximately 42,700 square kilometers (16,500 square miles).
Hugh McFarlane
Hugh McFarlane (June 23, 1815 – August 16, 1882) was an Irish American immigrant, businessman, and Democratic politician.  He represented Columbia County in the Wisconsin State Assembly during the 1850 session.  Before Wisconsin achieved statehood, he served in the House of Representatives in the 5th Wisconsin Territorial Assembly.

Columbia County, Wisconsin
Columbia County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,490. Its county seat and largest city is Portage. The county was created in 1846 as part of Wisconsin Territory. Columbia County is part of the Madison, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Madison-Janesville-Beloit, WI Combined Statistical Area.