hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
De-Pierre Map
De-Pierre Map is an ancient map of the city of Jerusalem which was drawn by and signed in Latin : De Pierre  Eques SSmi Sepulchri in 1728 . De Pierre a French  pilgrim an Equestrian Knight of the Holy Sepulchre.

Today the map is found within the Eran Laor maps collection in the National Library of Israel in Jerusalem.

National Library of Israel
The National Library of Israel (NLI; Hebrew: הספרייה הלאומית, romanized: HaSifria HaLeumit; Arabic: المكتبة الوطنية في إسرائيل), formerly Jewish National and University Library (JNUL; Hebrew: בית הספרים הלאומי והאוניברסיטאי, romanized: Beit Ha-Sfarim Ha-Le'umi ve-Ha-Universita'i), is the library dedicated to collecting the cultural treasures of Israel and of Jewish heritage. The library holds more than 5 million books, and is located in the Government complex (Kiryat HaMemshala) near the Knesset.

The National Library owns the world's largest collections of Hebraica and Judaica, and is the repository of many rare and unique manuscripts, books and artifacts.
Cross of the Warsaw Uprising
The Cross of the Warsaw Uprising (Polish: Krzyż Powstania Warszawskiego) was an informal award used by soldiers of the Polish resistance during the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. It consisted of a captured German Iron Cross, with a pre-war 1 złoty coin pinned to it in the centre over the swastika; the reverse side of the coin, showing the Polish eagle, was displayed, to which was added a kotwica and the inscription "1944". It was awarded for killing an SS officer in combat and made during quieter periods in between the fighting.

This cross should not be confused with the Warsaw Uprising Cross (Warszawski Krzyż Powstańczy) established in 1981.

Coat of arms of Poland
The coat of arms of Poland is the heraldic symbol representing Poland. The current version was adopted in 1990. It is a white, crowned eagle with a golden beak and talons, on a red background.

In Poland, the coat of arms as a whole is referred to as godło both in official documents and colloquial speech, despite the fact that other coats of arms are usually called a herb (e.g. the Nałęcz herb or the coat of arms of Finland). This stems from the fact that in Polish heraldry, the word godło (plural: godła) means only a heraldic charge (in this particular case a white crowned eagle) and not an entire coat of arms, but it is also an archaic word for a national symbol of any sort. In later legislation only the herb retained this designation; it is unknown why.
Air Transport Wing 61
Air Transport Wing 61 (German: Lufttransportgeschwader 61) was a wing of the German Air Force (Luftwaffe). The wing was founded in 1957 and disbanded on 31 December 2017. At that time it was based at Landsberg-Lech Air Base in Bavaria, Germany operating Transall C-160 fixed-wing aircraft, and was subordinate to Air Force Forces Command. Operational command rested, however, with European Air Transport Command. Although the wing's main task was tactical and strategic air transport, it was also employed in various humanitarian aid missions from 1960 onwards.

Wing (military unit)
In military aviation, a wing is a unit of command. In most military aviation services, a wing is a relatively large formation of planes. In Commonwealth countries a wing usually comprises three squadrons, with several wings forming a group (around 10 squadrons). Each squadron will contain around 20 planes.
Herbert Crump
The Ven. John Herbert Crump (28 September 1849 – 12 June 1924) was an English Anglican clergyman who was Archdeacon of Stoke from 1905–08.

Crump was born in Rowley Regis, Staffordshire, and educated at St Edmund's School, Canterbury and Jesus College, Cambridge. He was ordained in 1879
and began his career with a curacy in Smethwick. He was then Vicar of Holy Trinity in that town from 1884 to 1892; then Rector of Stoke-on-Trent from 1892 to 1897; Vicar of Longdon from 1898 to 1905;  and Prebendary of Lichfield from 1901 to 1912.

He died in 1924, aged 74.

Rowley Regis
Rowley Regis (/ˈraʊli ˈriːdʒɪs/ ROW-lee REE-jis) is a town and former municipal borough in Sandwell in the county of the West Midlands, England. It forms part of the area immediately west of Birmingham known as the Black Country and encompasses the four Sandwell council wards of Blackheath, Cradley Heath and Old Hill, Tividale and Rowley. At the 2011 census, the combined population of these wards was 50,257.
Pessina Cremonese
Pessina Cremonese (Cremunés: La Pesìna) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Cremona.

Pessina Cremonese borders the following municipalities: Cappella de' Picenardi, Gabbioneta-Binanuova, Isola Dovarese, Ostiano, Pescarolo ed Uniti, Torre de' Picenardi, Volongo.

Cremunés dialect
Cremonese (Cremunés) is a dialect of the Western Lombard dialect group spoken in the city and province of Cremona in Lombardy, Italy, with the exception of Crema and the area of Soresina, where an Eastern Lombard dialect is spoken, and the area of Casalmaggiore, where a form of Emilian closely related to Parmigiano is spoken.

Being at the crossroad between the core areas of different Lombard varieties, Cremonese exhibits features from both Western Lombard and Eastern Lombard, and a few which are typical of dialects spoken in the nearby region of Emilia-Romagna. It is best classified within the Southwestern Lombard group of dialects.
Rudolf Bezděk
Rudolf Bezděk (born February 12, 1916, date of death unknown) was a boxer who competed for Czechoslovakia in the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. In 1936, he was eliminated in the first round of the flyweight class after losing his fight to the upcoming bronze medalist Louis Laurie.

Boxing at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Flyweight
The men's flyweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1936 Summer Olympics. The weight class was the lightest contested, and allowed boxers of up to 112 pounds (50.8 kilograms). The competition was held from Monday, August 10, 1936 to Saturday, August 15, 1936. Twenty-four boxers from 24 nations competed.
Elena Tomilova
Elena Tomilova  (born (1967-11-06)6 November 1967) is a retired Russian female volleyball player. She was part of the Russia women's national volleyball team.

She participated in the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship. On club level she played with Uralochka Ekaterinburg.

1994 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 1994 FIVB Women's World Championship was the twelfth edition of the tournament, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB. It was held from 17 to 30 October 1994 in São Paulo and Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Daviesia nudiflora
Daviesia nudiflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a bushy shrub with sharply pointed, egg-shaped to elliptic or oblong phyllodes, and yellow-orange flowers with reddish-brown markings.

Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.
Patrick Powers (volleyball)
Patrick Robert Powers (born February 13, 1958) is an American former volleyball player. He was a member of the United States men's national volleyball team that won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. He also won gold medals at the 1985 FIVB World Cup in Japan and the 1986 FIVB World Championship in France, and a silver medal at the 1986 Goodwill Games in Moscow.

Volleyball at the 1984 Summer Olympics
This page presents the results of men's and women's volleyball tournaments during the Los Angeles Olympics in the summer of 1984. The competition was held in the Long Beach Arena, which had a capacity of 12,033.
Albert Eutropius
Albert Victor "Eutrope" Eutropius (10 January 1888 – 26 May 1915) was a rugby union player, the second black man to play for France. He was killed in World War I.

Born in Cayenne, French Guiana, on 10 January 1888, Eutropius moved to Paris in 1910. There, he played for Sporting Club Universitaire de France in the finals of the French championships in 1911 and 1913. He was picked for France in the match against Ireland on 24 March 1913. He died from a bullet striking his head.

Cayenne
Cayenne (/keɪˈɛn/; French pronunciation: [kajɛn] ⓘ; Guianese Creole French: Kayenn) is the prefecture and capital city of French Guiana, an overseas region and department of France located in South America.  The city stands on a former island at the mouth of the Cayenne River on the Atlantic coast.  The city's motto is "fert aurum industria", which means "work brings wealth". Cayenne is the largest Francophone city of the South American continent.

In the 2023 census, there were 153,884 inhabitants in the metropolitan area of Cayenne (as defined by INSEE), 62,675 of whom lived in the city (commune) of Cayenne proper.
Daniel Jenifer
Daniel Jenifer (April 15, 1791 – December 18, 1855) was an American lawyer and statesman from Charles County, Maryland. He was also the grandnephew of Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer. He graduated from Charlotte Hall Military Academy. He represented Maryland's 1st Congressional district in the U.S. Congress in 1831–1833 and the 7th district from 1835 to 1841. From 1841 to 1845 he served as U.S. Minister to the Austrian Empire.

His great-uncle, Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, was a signer of the United States Constitution. His family home was known as Retreat and is located in Port Tobacco, Maryland.

Maryland's 7th congressional district
Maryland's 7th congressional district of the United States House of Representatives encompasses almost the entire city of Baltimore, and some of Baltimore County. The district was created following the census of 1790, which gave Maryland one additional representative in the House. It was abolished in 1843, but was restored in 1950 as a west Baltimore district. It has been drawn as a majority-African American district since 1973. Democrat Kweisi Mfume is the current representative, winning a special election on April 28, 2020, to finish the term of Elijah Cummings, who died in October 2019. Mfume had previously held the seat from 1987 to 1996.
Komochi-e
Komochi-e (子持絵) or trick pictures are Japanese prints with movable printed paper flaps or other moveable parts.  Multicolor komochi-e may be called “komochi nishiki-e” (子持錦絵).

This komochi-e shows a single print with the flaps in different positions.  It is a scene from the kabuki play Manete Mimasu yotsuya no kikigaki (当三升四谷聞書).  The artist is Utagawa Kuniyoshi; the date is 1848; and it shows actor Ichikawa Danjūrō VIII in the role of the murderer Tamiya Iemon:

Ichikawa Danjūrō VIII
Ichikawa Danjūrō VIII (八代目 市川 團十郎, Hachidaime Ichikawa Danjūrō, 7 November 1823 – 27 September 1854) was a Japanese kabuki actor of the prestigious Ichikawa Danjūrō line. He was a tachiyaku (male roles) actor in the aragoto style, like all members of the lineage, but particularly specialized in the roles of young lovers, for which he was extremely popular. Danjūrō committed suicide in Osaka in 1854.
Electoral district of Glamorgan
The Electoral district of Glamorgan was a single-member electoral district of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. It centred on the town of Swansea in eastern Tasmania, and included Bicheno, Little Swanport and the Freycinet Peninsula. After 1886, the seat extended as far south as Triabunna and Buckland, which had previously been in neighbouring Sorell.

The seat was created ahead of the Assembly's first election held in 1856, and was abolished at the 1903 election, when it was abolished and divided between Cambria to the north, and Sorell to the south.

1903 Tasmanian state election
The 1903 Tasmanian state election was held on 2 April 1903 in the Australian state of Tasmania to elect 35 members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. Women got the right to vote at the election.

Elliott Lewis, leader of the Ministerial group, entered the election as the incumbent Premier of Tasmania. At the election, the group lost 10 seats and Lewis lost his seat. The Opposition led by William Propsting won government, meaning he became Premier of Tasmania. The Workers' Political League (the future Australian Labor Party) fielded candidates for the first time, winning three seats. John Earle became leader of the parliamentary party in 1906.
Aathbisdandagaun
Aathbis Danda  is a village development committee in Western Rukum District in Karnali Province of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 7439 people living in 1440 individual households.

Karnali Province
Karnali Province (Nepali: कर्णाली प्रदेश, romanized: Karṇālī pradēśa) is one of the seven federal provinces of Nepal formed by the new constitution, which was adopted on 20 September 2015. The total area of the province is 27,984 square kilometres (10,805 mi2), making it the largest province in Nepal with 18.97% of the country's area. According to the 2011 Nepal census, the population of the province was 1,570,418, making it the least populous province in Nepal. The province borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, Gandaki Province to the east, Sudurpashchim Province to the west, and Lumbini Province to the south. Birendranagar with a population of 154,886 is both the province's capital and largest city.
Bay Shore Methodist Episcopal Church
Bay Shore Methodist Episcopal Church, also known as the United Methodist Church of Bay Shore, is a historic Methodist Episcopal church complex at E. Main Street at the junction of Second Avenue in Bay Shore, Suffolk County, New York.  The complex consists of three attached units: the 1893 Richardsonian Romanesque-style church; the Gothic Revival style former church building built in 1867, relocated and now attached to the main church as the "Fellowship Hall," and a two-story, flat roofed Sunday School wing built in 1959.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Bay Shore, New York
Bay Shore is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Islip, New York, United States. It is situated on the South Shore of Long Island, adjoining the Great South Bay. The population of the CDP was 29,244 at the time of the 2020 census.
Cabal (set theory)
The Cabal was, or perhaps is, a set of set theorists in Southern California, particularly at UCLA and Caltech, but also at UC Irvine.  Organization and procedures range from informal to nonexistent, so it is difficult to say whether it still exists or exactly who has been a member, but it has included such notable figures as Donald A. Martin, Yiannis N. Moschovakis, John R. Steel, and Alexander S. Kechris. Others who have published in the proceedings of the Cabal seminar include Robert M. Solovay, W. Hugh Woodin, Matthew Foreman, and Steve Jackson.

The work of the group is characterized by free use of large cardinal axioms, and research into the descriptive set theoretic behavior of sets of reals if such assumptions hold.

Some of the philosophical views of the Cabal seminar were described in Maddy 1988a and Maddy 1988b.

Donald A. Martin
Donald Anthony Martin (born December 24, 1940), also known as Tony Martin, is an American set theorist and philosopher of mathematics at UCLA, where he is an emeritus professor of mathematics and philosophy.
Hendra Bambang Wisanggeni Soerjaatmadja
Ratu Bagus Hendra Bambang Wisanggeni Soerjaatmadja, M.B.A. (EYD: Ratu Bagus Hendra Bambang Wisanggeni Suryaatmaja; born 31 August 1954) is the 18th sultan of Banten who was crowned on December 11, 2016 with the title of Sultan Syarif Muhammad ash-Shafiuddin Azmatkhan al-Husaini.

Soerjaatmadja was officially crowned as Sultan who led Bantenese people on custom and culture during the celebration of Mawlid at the Great Mosque of Banten, Serang. Ahmad Muhtadi Dimyathi, an influential cleric in Banten is one of the figures who confirmed Soerjaatmadja as sultan.

Banten Sultanate
The Banten Sultanate (Sundanese: ᮊᮞᮥᮜ᮪ᮒᮔᮔ᮪ ᮘᮔ᮪ᮒᮨᮔ᮪, كسلطانن بنتن, Kasultanan Banten ) was a Bantenese Islamic trading kingdom founded in the 16th century and centred in Banten, a port city on the northwest coast of Java; the contemporary English name of both was Bantam. It is said to have been founded by Sunan Gunungjati, who had previously founded Cirebon.

Once a great trading centre in Southeast Asia, especially of pepper, the kingdom reached its apogee in the late 16th and mid-17th centuries. By the late 17th century, it was overshadowed by Batavia and was finally annexed to the Dutch East Indies in 1813.

Its core territory now forms the Indonesian province of Banten. Today, in Old Banten, the Great Mosque of Banten is an important destination for tourists and for pilgrims from across Indonesia and from overseas.
National Highway 51 (Nepal)
National Highway 51, NH51  is a national highway in Nepal. The highway is located in Kapilvastu District and Arghakhanchi District in Lumbini Province. The total length of the highway is 83.13 kilometres (51.65 mi). The 25.01 kilometres (15.54 mi) of road length is covered by Kapilvastu district and the remaining 58.12 kilometres (36.11 mi) of road is covered by Arghakhanchi District. It was a Feeder Road F011 which upgrade to NH51.

NH51 is a gateway to enter Arghakhanchi Headquarters. From Patharkot on the border of Kapilvastu and Arghakhanchi, one can reach the headquarters Sandhikhark by a 57 km hilly journey. The 11 km road from Gorusinge to Patharkot is double lane.

Lumbini Province
Lumbini Province (Nepali: लुम्बिनी प्रदेश, romanized: Lumbinī pradēśa, IPA: [lumbiniː]) is a province in western Nepal. The country's third largest province in terms of area as well as population, Lumbini is home to the World Heritage Site of Lumbini, where according to Buddhist tradition Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, was born.

Lumbini borders Gandaki Province and Karnali Province to the north, Sudurpashchim Province to the west, and Uttar Pradesh and Bihar of India to the south. Lumbini's capital, Deukhuri, is near the geographic center of the province. The major cities in the province are Butwal and Siddharthanagar in Rupandehi district, Nepalgunj in Banke district, Tansen in Palpa district, and Ghorahi and Tulsipur in Dang district.
Astylosternus batesi
Astylosternus batesi is a species of frog in the family Arthroleptidae. It is found in Cameroon south of Sanaga River, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, southwestern Central African Republic, the Republic of the Congo, and the extreme western Democratic Republic of the Congo (Mayombe). The specific name batesi honours George Latimer Bates, an American naturalist. However, its vernacular name is Benito River night frog, apparently in reference to its type locality, Benito River in Equatorial Guinea.

Sanaga River
The Sanaga River (formerly German: Zannaga) is the largest river in Cameroon  located in East Region, Centre Region and Littoral Region. Its length is about 603 km (375 mi) from the confluence of Djérem and Lom River. The total length of Sanaga-Djérem River system is about 1,067.5 km (663.3 mi). Djérem is the longest source of Sanaga River with a total length of 464.5 km.
The Rakamonie EP
The Rakamonie EP is an EP by Swedish pop singer Robyn. It was released by Konichiwa Records on 26 November 2006 in Europe prior to the United Kingdom release of her fourth album Robyn (2007). It was released in the United States with a slightly altered track list, which includes an acoustic version of the #1 UK single "With Every Heartbeat". It was Robyn's first domestic release in United States in over ten years.

Konichiwa Records
Konichiwa Records is a record label founded by Swedish pop singer Robyn. The label has only one other artist signed, Zhala. The name "Konichiwa" is derived from the Japanese greeting こんにちは (Konnichi wa (with 2 n's)), meaning "hello" or "good day" (literally "this day is").
HMS Cockchafer
Four ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Cockchafer after the insect, the cockchafer:

HMS Cockchafer (1812), of five guns, was formerly the United States schooner Spencer, that the Royal Navy captured and employed as a ship's tender. She captured two American armed brigs, one in a single-ship action. The Royal Navy sold her in 1815.

HMS Cockchafer (1855) was an Albacore-class wooden screw gunboat launched in 1855 and sold in 1872.

HMS Cockchafer (1881) was a Banterer-class composite screw gunboat launched in 1881 and sold in 1905.

HMS Cockchafer (1915) was an Insect-class gunboat launched in 1915, hulked in 1947 and sold in 1949.

HMS Cockchafer (1915)
HMS Cockchafer was a Royal Navy Insect-class gunboat. She was built by Barclay Curle and launched on 17 December 1915 as the fourth Royal Navy ship to carry this name. The Insect class was originally designed for service on the River Danube but most of them spent much of their service on Chinese rivers.
Lagos State Scholarship Board
The Lagos State Scholarship Board is a governmental body that oversees and manages matters relating to scholarship, education, and bursary in Lagos State. Established in February 1968 by the Lagos State Government, the body aims at providing “educational assistance to deserving students for the development of Lagos State”.

Bursary
A bursary is a monetary award made by any educational institution or funding authority to individuals or groups. It is usually awarded to enable a student to attend school, university, or college when they might not be able to otherwise. Some awards are aimed at encouraging specific groups or individuals to study.
August Zaleski
August Zaleski (13 September 1883 – 7 April 1972) was a Polish economist, freemason, politician, and diplomat. Twice Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland, he served as President of Poland-in-exile.

President of Poland
The president of Poland (Polish: Prezydent Polski [ˈprɛ.zɘ.dɛnt ˈpɔl.ski]), officially the president of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej (Prezydent RP)code: pol promoted to code: pl ), is the head of state of Poland. The president's prerogatives and duties are determined in the Constitution of Poland. The president jointly exercises the executive power together with the Council of Ministers headed by the prime minister. The president has a right to dissolve both chambers of parliament in certain cases determined by the constitution, can veto legislation, represents the Republic on the international stage, and is the commander-in-chief of the nation's Armed Forces.
Luc Leestemaker
Luc Leestemaker (May 18, 1957 – May 18, 2012) was an American abstract expressionist artist who was born in Hilversum, the Netherlands.

Leestemaker was born in Hilversum and raised in Nuenen (Noord-Brabant). In Eindhoven he started the Dutch art collective "Hart Poetry" with his fellows Bart Op het Veld en Mat Verberkt. Together with them he also founded the PR-agency Trains in Eindhoven. After dissoliving both the collective and the agency he went to Amsterdam where he headed Leestemaker & Associates, an Amsterdam-based consulting firm specializing in the arts.

Nuenen
Nuenen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈnynə(n)]) is a town in the municipality of Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten in the Netherlands. From 1883 to 1885, Vincent van Gogh lived and worked in Nuenen. In 1944, a battle was fought there during Operation Market Garden. The local dialect is called Peellands. In 2009, Nuenen had a population of 22,437.