hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
In Thrall
In Thrall is the debut solo studio album by American musician Murray Attaway, released in 1993. Geffen Records sent 40,000 free copies to retailers as a promotional effort. Attaway supported the album by touring with Robyn Hitchcock. He recorded a second album for Geffen that the company declined to release.

Geffen Records
Geffen Records (formerly The David Geffen Company from 1980 to 1992 and Geffen Records Inc. from 1993 to 2004) is an American record label owned by Interscope Geffen A&M (IGA), a division of the Interscope Capitol Labels Group, which is owned by Universal Music Group. It was founded in 1980 by David Geffen, as a music subsidiary of his then film company Geffen Pictures, with financial and distribution support from Warner Bros. Records.

In 1990, the label was sold to MCA Music Entertainment, which later became part of Universal Music Group (UMG) through acquisitions by Panasonic and Seagram. Since its merger into the Interscope Geffen A&M group in 1999, Geffen has served as a syndicate label within Interscope Records, expanding its catalog through the absorption of other imprints. It has operated as a key platform for new releases, especially following its 2003 expansion and 2017 relaunch. As of 2024, Geffen is part of Universal Music Group's Interscope Capitol Labels Group.
Kirshbaum
Kirshbaum is a Jewish surname derived from the German word  literally meaning "cherry tree". Notable people with the surname include:

Howard Kirshbaum (born 1938), associate justice of the Colorado Supreme Court

Larry Kirshbaum (born 1944), American publishing executive

Ralph Kirshbaum (born 1946), American cellist

Howard Kirshbaum
Howard M. Kirshbaum (born September 19, 1938) was an associate justice of the Colorado Supreme Court from 1983 to 1997.

He received an undergraduate degree from Yale College, and law degree from Harvard Law School in 1965. While at Harvard Law School, he clerked for William Edward Doyle, who was then a judge of the United States District Court for the District of Colorado.

In 1975, he was appointed to the Denver District Court and in 1980 he was appointed to the Colorado Court of Appeals by Governor Richard Lamm. Lamm elevated Kirshbaum to the state supreme court in 1983.

After leaving the court, Kirshbaum became an arbitrator with the Denver-based Judicial Arbiter Group Inc.
Hundred of Milne (Northern Territory)
The Hundred of Milne is a cadastral unit of hundred in Palmerston County, Northern Territory, Australia.

Bounded on the north by the Bynoe Harbour, the hundred was one of the first 13 hundreds gazetted in the territory in 1871, and was named after Sir William Milne, a Glasgow-born politician of South Australia. Milne carried a bill in the council authorising the construction of the Australian Overland Telegraph Line from Adelaide to Darwin.

12°48′S 130°36′E﻿ / ﻿12.800°S 130.600°E﻿ / -12.800; 130.600

Palmerston County
Palmerston County is one of the five counties in the Northern Territory of Australia which are part of the Lands administrative divisions of Australia. It contains the city of Darwin. It was proclaimed on 14 September 1871 and divided into hundreds. Being on the northern coast of the territory, it is bounded on the north and west by sea, the Adelaide River on the east and on the south by a line at longitude approximately 13°15' south (from a point adjacent to the southernmost of the Peron Islands to the township of Adelaide River).
Ian Douglas (politician)
Ian Douglas is an attorney and politician from Dominica. He is the Member of Parliament for the Portsmouth Constituency. Since May 2005, he has been a member of the Cabinet of Dominica, currently serving as Minister of Tourism, Legal Affairs and Civil Aviation. Douglas entered Parliament in the by-election following the death of his uncle former Prime Minister and Portsmouth MP Roosevelt Douglas. Douglas is also the son of former Leader of the Opposition and Portsmouth MP Michael Douglas. Before a Cabinet reshuffle in October 2007, Douglas served as Attorney General and Minister of Legal Affairs, Labor and Immigration. He is a member of the Dominica Labour Party.

Leader of the Opposition (Dominica)
The Leader of the Opposition of the Commonwealth of Dominica is the Member of Parliament who leads the Official Opposition in the House of Assembly of Dominica.

The current Leader of the Opposition is Jesma Paul-Victor, an independent candidate of the Salisbury constituency, who was sworn in January 2026.
Henry Joseph Curran
Henry Joseph Curran (1843-1882) was an Australian journalist and leading figure in the Catholic communities in Goulburn and Boorowa in the 1860s and 1870s. Curran worked for newspapers in Goulburn, established and edited the Burrowa Advocate and also worked in Sydney on the Freeman's Journal.

Goulburn
Goulburn (/ɡoʊlbərn/ GOHL-bərn) is a regional city in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, approximately 195 kilometres (121 mi) south-west of Sydney and 90 kilometres (56 mi) north-east of Canberra. It was proclaimed as Australia's first inland city through letters patent by Queen Victoria in 1863. Goulburn had a population of 24,565 as of the 2021 census. Goulburn is the seat of Goulburn Mulwaree Council.

Goulburn is a railhead on the Main Southern line, and regional health & government services centre, supporting the surrounding pastoral industry as well as being a stopover for travellers on the Hume Highway. It has a central historic park and many historic and listed buildings. It is also home to the monument the Big Merino, a sculpture that is the world's largest concrete sheep.
Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj Terminus
Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj Terminus (officially Shri Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj Terminus Kolhapur) (station code: KOP) is the main railway terminus in the city of Kolhapur, India. It is the end point of the Miraj to Kolhapur railway line and falls under Pune division. It has a freight yard called Gur Market with a capacity of five freight trains nearly 4 km (2.5 miles) away from the station. Kolhapur is the centre of trade for southern Maharashtra (with electrification between Miraj and Kolhapur). This station connects Kolhapur with major cities such as Mumbai, Pune, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Delhi, and Dhanbad through express trains. Some important express trains are the Mahalaxmi Express (Kolhapur–Mumbai), Deekshabhoomi Express (Kolhapur - Dhanbad), and Haripriya Express (Kolhapur–Tirupati). IRCTC also runs the tourist luxury train Deccan Odyssey at Kolhapur station. There are daily passenger shuttle services between Kolhapur, Miraj and Pune.

Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation
Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) is an Indian public sector undertaking that provides ticketing, catering, and tourism services for the state-owned Indian Railways. It was established in 1999 by the Government of India and operates under the administrative control of the Ministry of Railways. In 2019, it was listed on the National Stock Exchange and Bombay Stock Exchange with the Government holding a 67% ownership. As of December 2023, there are 66 million registered users with IRCTC with a daily average of 7.31 lakh tickets booked.
Rodef Shalom Biblical Botanical Garden
The Rodef Shalom Biblical Botanical Garden (0.3 acres) in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's Shadyside section is a Biblical botanical garden.

Opened and free to the public since 1987 from June 1 through September 15. It was founded by Rabbi Walter Jacob and his wife horticulturalist Irene Jacob. It now displays more than 100 plants once grown in ancient Israel, including cedars, dates, figs, olives, and pomegranates. All are labeled with biblical verses, or their biblical name. The garden also includes a waterfall, desert, and a representation of the Jordan River from the Sea of Galilee to the Dead Sea.  It produces a new show on ancient Near Eastern horticulture each summer.

The garden is on the grounds of the Rodef Shalom Congregation, which houses Western Pennsylvania's oldest Jewish congregation, dating back to the 1840s.

Sea of Galilee
The Sea of Galilee (Hebrew: יָם כִּנֶּרֶת, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא, גִּנֵּיסַר, Arabic: بحيرة طبريا), also called Lake Tiberias, Genezareth Lake  or Kinneret, is a freshwater lake in Israel and the Golan Heights. It is the lowest freshwater lake on Earth and the second-lowest lake in the world (after the Dead Sea, a salt lake), with its elevation fluctuating between 215 and 209 metres (705 and 686 ft) below sea level (depending on rainfall). It is approximately 53 km (33 mi) in circumference, about 21 km (13 mi) long, and 13 km (8 mi) wide. Its area is 166.7 km2 (64.4 sq mi) at its fullest, and its maximum depth is approximately 43 metres (141 ft). The lake is fed partly by underground springs, but its main source is the Jordan River, which flows through it from north to south with the outflow controlled by the Degania Dam.
William Goodell Frost
William Goodell Frost (July 2, 1854 – September 11, 1938) was an American educator who served as the third president of Berea College from 1890 to 1920, and a scholar of the Greek language.  He is credited with coining the phrase "Appalachian American."

Berea College
Berea College is a private liberal arts work college in Berea, Kentucky, United States. Founded in 1855, it was the first college in the Southern United States to be coeducational and racially integrated. It admitted non-White students from as early as 1866 until 1904, and again after 1954.

The college participates in federal work-study and work college programs that cover the remaining tuition fees after subtracting the total sum a student receives from Pell Grant, other grants, and scholarships. Most of the college's students come from southern Appalachia but students come from more than 40 states in the United States and 70 other countries. Approximately half of them identify as people of color.

Berea offers bachelor's degrees in 33 majors. It incorporates a mandatory work-study program in which students do a minimum of 10 hours per week of work for the college.
2008 Speedway World Cup Qualification
The 2008 Speedway World Cup Qualification (SWC) was two events of motorcycle speedway meetings used to determine the two national teams who qualify for the 2008 Speedway World Cup. According to the FIM rules the top six nations (Poland, Denmark, Australia, Great Britain, Sweden and Russia) from the 2007 Speedway World Cup were automatically qualified. Qualification was won by Hungary and Czech Republic teams.

Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme
The International Motorcycling Federation (Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme) or (FIM) is the global governing/sanctioning body of motorcycle racing. It represents 123 national motorcycle federations that are divided into six continental unions.

There are ten motorcycle-racing disciplines that FIM covers, encompassing 62 international championships as well as 188 secondary championships of circuit racing, enduro, Speedway Racing, Trials, Off-Roading, Motorcross, Supercross, Sno-Cross, Sidecars, and E-Bikes. FIM is also involved in many non-racing activities that promote the sport, its safety, and support relevant public policy. The FIM is also the first international sporting federation to publish an Environmental Code, in 1994. In 2007, a Commission for Women in Motorcycling was created by the FIM in order to promote the use of powered two-wheelers and the motorcycle sport among women.
Poidevin
Poidevin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eugène Modeste Edmond Poidevin  (1806-1870), French painter

Les Poidevin (1876–1931), Australian tennis player

Robin Le Poidevin (born 1962), British metaphysicist

Sara Poidevin (born 1996), Canadian racing cyclist

Simon Poidevin (born 1958), Australian rugby union player

Eugène Lepoittevin
Eugène Lepoittevin (31 July 1806 – 6 August 1870), also known as Poidevin, Poitevin, and Le Poittevin, was a French artist who achieved an early and lifelong success as a landscape and maritime painter. His work ranged from erotic caricatures to massive battle scenes. His works are in the collections of many museums throughout France. He made many paintings set in and around the fishing village of Étretat, and in 2020 he was the subject of an exhibition and book, L'invention d'Étretat: Eugène Le Poittevin, un peintre et ses amis à l'aube de l'impressionnisme (The invention of Étretat: Eugène Le Poittevin, a painter and his friends at the dawn of Impressionism).
FIA WTCC Race of San Marino
The FIA WTCC Race of San Marino was a round of the World Touring Car Championship, which was held at the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari near Imola in Italy during the 2005 season.

In addition to the Race of Italy at Monza, a round at Imola was held during the 2005 season. As Imola held the San Marino Grand Prix despite being located in Italy, the Imola round of the WTCC was called the Race of San Marino. Imola also held an additional round in 2008, although this was called the Race of Europe.

2005 World Touring Car Championship
The 2005 World Touring Car Championship was the second season of World Touring Car Championship motor racing, and the first since 1987. It featured the 2005 FIA World Touring Car Championship which was contested over a ten event, twenty race series which commenced on 10 April and ended on 20 November. The championship was open to Super 2000 cars, Diesel 2000 cars and Super Production cars as defined by the FIA. Andy Priaulx won the Drivers' Championship and BMW won the Manufacturers' title.

Organised by KSO, a subsidiary of Eurosport, the championship was an evolution of the former European Touring Car Championship, elevated to World Championship status by the FIA for 2005 with the introduction of races outside Europe. The European title was given to the new European Touring Car Cup, a one-off event.
Mlomp
Mlomp is a rural community and village in the Ziguinchor Region of Senegal in the Casamance, situated approximately 40 km (25 mi) south-west of Ziguinchor.

As of 2000, it had a population of 7,628, rising to around 8,500 in 2006. Most inhabitants are of Diola ethnicity and speaking the Diola language, and many also speak the Ouolof language and French.

Ziguinchor
Ziguinchor (French: [ziɡɛ̃ʃɔʁ]; Wolof: Siggcoor [siɡˑcɔːɾ]; Arabic: زيغينكور) is the capital of the Ziguinchor Region, and the chief town of the Casamance area of Senegal, lying at the mouth of the Casamance River. It has a population of 214,874 (2023 census). It is the eighth largest city of Senegal, but is nearly separated from the north of the country by the nation of The Gambia.

Unlike the semi-arid to arid north of Senegal, Ziguinchor has a tropical savanna climate, as it is under the influence of the West African Monsoon. It has an average annual accumulated rainfall of approximately 1,547 millimetres or 61 inches.
Warburg effect (plant physiology)
In plant physiology, the Warburg effect is the decrease in the rate of photosynthesis due to high oxygen concentrations.  Oxygen is a competitive inhibitor of carbon dioxide fixation by RuBisCO which initiates photosynthesis.  Furthermore, oxygen stimulates photorespiration which reduces photosynthetic output. These two mechanisms working together are responsible for the Warburg effect.

Plant physiology
Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. A professional in this field is called a Plant physiologist.

Plant physiologists study fundamental processes of plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photoperiodism, photomorphogenesis, circadian rhythms, environmental stress physiology, seed germination, dormancy and stomata function, and transpiration. Plant physiology interacts with the fields of plant morphology (structure of plants), plant ecology (interactions with the environment), phytochemistry (biochemistry of plants), cell biology, genetics, biophysics and molecular biology.
Chiapas Zoque
Chiapas Zoque is a dialect cluster of Zoquean languages indigenous to southern Mexico (Wichmann 1995). The three varieties with ISO codes, Francisco León (about 20,000 speakers in 1990), Copainalá (about 10,000), and Rayón (about 2,000), are named after the towns they are spoken in, though residents of Francisco León were relocated after their town was buried in the eruption of El Chichón Volcano in 1982. Francisco León and Copainalá are 83% mutually intelligible according to Ethnologue.

Rayón, Chiapas
Rayón is a town and municipality in the southern Mexican state of Chiapas.

As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 9,002, up from 6,870 in 2005. It covers an area of 94.4 km2.

As of 2010, the town of Rayón had a population of 5,895. Other than the town of Rayón, the municipality had 43 localities, none of which had a population over 1,000.
The Bachelor (Australian TV series) season 4
The fourth season of The Bachelor premiered on 27 July 2016. This season features Richie Strahan, a 31-year-old Rope Access Technician from Perth, Western Australia, courting 25 women. Strahan previously appeared on the first season of The Bachelorette Australia featuring Sam Frost, where he finished in third place.

Sam Frost (actress)
Samantha Frost (born 4 April 1989) is an Australian media personality and actress. Frost won season 2 of The Bachelor Australia in 2014. She later starred in Australia's first season of The Bachelorette, which aired in 2015. Frost went on to co-host a breakfast radio show for 2Day FM in 2017 and began her acting career on the Australian television soap opera Home and Away, playing the role of Jasmine Delaney. She received a nomination for the Logie Award for Most Popular New Talent in 2018.

Before appearing on The Bachelor, Frost was a financial consultant for the BMW group. In 2020, Frost and her sister launched an online foundation called Believe By Sam Frost that focuses on mental health.
2003 Arkansas vs. Kentucky football game
The 2003 Arkansas vs. Kentucky football game was a college football game played on November 1, 2003, between the University of Arkansas Razorbacks and the University of Kentucky Wildcats; at the time, it tied an NCAA record for the  longest football game ever played. The game included seven overtime periods. Penn State and the Illinois beat that record in October 2021, albeit under different overtime rules. Arkansas led the game all but a few minutes of regulation until a Kentucky touchdown drive in the last few minutes tied it at 24–24. Both teams had a blocked punt recovered for a touchdown, another rarity. The game ended in the seventh overtime period when Kentucky quarterback Jared Lorenzen fumbled the football on a quarterback keeper play, ending the game.

Quarterback keeper
A quarterback keeper or keeper in American football is a designed play in which the quarterback does not pass or hand off the ball to another player and instead rushes forward with it in an effort to gain yardage. The play typically is run in instances where only a few yards are needed to gain a first down or touchdown, due to the threat of injury to the quarterback and most quarterbacks' ineffectiveness at running the ball when compared with a running back or fullback; however, this play is called more often with dual-threat quarterbacks. Variations include the bootleg and quarterback sneak.
Jackboot
A jackboot is a military boot such as the cavalry jackboot or the hobnailed jackboot. The hobnailed jackboot has a different design and function from the former type. It is a combat boot designed for marching. It rises to mid-calf or higher without laces and sometimes has a leather sole with hobnails. Jackboots have been associated popularly with totalitarianism, since they were worn by German forces in the run-up to and during World War II.

Goose step
The goose step is a special marching step which is performed during formal military parades and other ceremonies. While marching in parade formation, troops swing their legs in unison off the ground while keeping each leg rigidly straight.

The step originated in Prussian military drill in the mid-18th century and was called the Stechschritt (literally, "piercing step") or Stechmarsch. German military advisors spread the tradition to Russia in the 19th century, and the Soviets spread it around the world in the 20th century.

The term "goose step" originally referred to balance stepping, an obsolete formalized slow march. The term is nowadays heavily associated with Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in many English-speaking countries. As a result, the term has acquired a pejorative meaning in English-speaking countries.
Islam in Uruguay
Uruguay is a Christian majority country, with Islam being a minority religion. Due to the secular nature of Uruguay's constitution, Muslims are free to proselytize and build places of worship in the country.

The statistics for Islam in Uruguay estimate a total Muslim population of 700-1,500, representing 0.1 percent of the population by the USCIRF Report-2022.

A significant Muslim population lives in Chuy, near the Brazilian border, as well as Rivera, Artigas and Montevideo.

Rivera
Rivera (Spanish pronunciation: [riˈβeɾa]) is the capital of Rivera Department of Uruguay. The border with Brazil joins it with the Brazilian city of Santana do Livramento, which is only a block away from it, at the north end of Route 5. Together, they form an urban area of around 200,000 inhabitants. As of the census of 2011, it is the sixth most populated city of Uruguay.
Against a Wen
"Against a Wen" is an Anglo-Saxon metrical charm of 11th-century date, one of twelve surviving. It occurs in a blank space on folio 106v of Royal MS 4 A XIV, a 10th-century manuscript containing various religious texts. The target of the charm is a wen or cyst, which it addresses in the second person, commanding it to leave the affected body.

Sebaceous cyst
A sebaceous cyst is a term commonly used to refer to either:

Epidermoid cysts (also termed epidermal cysts, infundibular cyst)

Pilar cysts (also termed trichelemmal cysts, isthmus-catagen cysts)

Both of the above types of cysts contain keratin, not sebum, and neither originates from sebaceous glands. Epidermoid cysts originate in the epidermis and pilar cysts originate from hair follicles. Technically speaking, then, they are not sebaceous cysts. "True" sebaceous cysts,  which originate from sebaceous glands and which contain sebum, are relatively rare and are known as steatocystoma simplex or, if multiple, as steatocystoma multiplex.

Medical professionals have suggested that the term "sebaceous cyst" be avoided since it can be misleading.: 31  In practice, however, the term is still often used for epidermoid and pilar cysts.
Jesse Rothstein
Jesse Rothstein is an economist, and currently professor of public policy and economics at the University of California, Berkeley. In 2010, he was chief economist at the US Department of Labor.  He is the founding director of the California Policy Lab, a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research, and is a member of the editorial boards of Education Finance and Policy, The Review of Economics and Statistics, American Economic Review, and Industrial Relations.

Education Finance and Policy
Education Finance and Policy is a peer-reviewed academic journal addressing public policy developments affecting educational institutions.  Topics covered by the journal include school accountability, education standards, teacher compensation, instructional policy, higher education productivity and finance, and special education.  Education Finance and Policy was founded in 2005 and is published online and in hard copy by the MIT Press and the American Education Finance Association. It is also indexed with EconLit.