hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Mullan (academic)
John Mullan is a professor of English at University College London (UCL). He is a specialist in eighteenth-century literature, currently writing the 1709–1784 volume of the Oxford English Literary History.

He has written a weekly column on contemporary fiction for The Guardian and reviews for the London Review of Books and the New Statesman. He has been a contributor to BBC Two's Newsnight Review and BBC Radio 4's In Our Time. He was a judge for The Best of the Booker in 2008 and for the Man Booker Prize in 2009.

Educated at Downside School and King's College, Cambridge, Mullan was a research fellow at Jesus College, Cambridge, and a lecturer at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge, before moving to UCL in 1994.

In Our Time (radio series)
In Our Time is a BBC Radio 4 discussion series and podcast exploring a wide variety of historical, scientific and philosophical topics. First aired in October 1998, it is one of Radio 4's most successful discussion programmes, acknowledged to have "transformed the landscape for serious ideas at peak listening time". The series passed its 1,000th episode in September 2023 and attracts a weekly audience exceeding two million listeners.

The show was presented by Melvyn Bragg, from its first broadcast in 15 October 1998. On 3 September 2025, the BBC reported that Bragg had decided to retire from the programme ahead of its new series as a new presenter would be announced in due course. On 3 December 2025, the BBC announced that Misha Glenny would take over as the new presenter from 15 January 2026.
Castlemaine
Castlemaine may mean:

Castlemaine, Victoria, a town in Victoria, Australia
Castlemaine Football Club, an Australian rules football club
Castlemaine railway station

Castlemaine, County Kerry, a town in Ireland
Castle Maine, a former castle in Castlemaine, County Kerry

Castlemaine Brewery, Western Australia, ceased trading in 1927

Castlemaine Perkins, a Queensland-based brewery, known for the XXXX range of beers

Baron Castlemaine, in the peerage of Ireland

Roger Palmer, 1st Earl of Castlemaine, English courtier

Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland, wife of Roger Palmer

HMAS Castlemaine, a ship in the Royal Australian Navy

HMAS Castlemaine
HMAS Castlemaine (J244/M244/A248), named for the city of Castlemaine, Victoria, was one of 60 Bathurst-class corvettes constructed during World War II, and one of 36 initially crewed and commissioned solely by the Royal Australian Navy (RAN).

Launched in 1941 and commissioned in 1942, Castlemaine operated during World War II in the waters of Australia, New Guinea, and Timor. She remained in service until 1945, when she was decommissioned into reserve and converted into an immobilised training ship. In 1973, Castlemaine was presented to the Maritime Trust of Australia for conversion to a museum ship. She is one of two surviving examples of the Bathurst class, the other being HMAS Whyalla.
José Manuel Malhão Pereira
Capt. José Manuel Malhão Pereira ComSE (born in 12 November 1940) is a retired officer (Captain of Sea and War) of the Portuguese Navy, and a worldwide known scholar of nautical sciences.

Malhão Pereira was born in Loures, Lisbon. He was for a long time a professor at the Navy School, and from 1989 to 1993, Commander of the NRP Sagres, school ship of the Portuguese Navy. On 10 June 2013, he was awarded the Military Order of Saint James of the Sword.

He is a member of the Centro Interuniversitário de História das Ciências e da Tecnologia (CIUHCT), at the Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, and also an advisor to the ERC RUTTER Project.

In addition to the Academia de Marinha, the Lisbon Geographic Society and other learned societies in Portugal, Capt. Malhão Pereira is a life member of the Kannur University Institute for Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IRISH).

University of Lisbon
The University of Lisbon (ULisboa; Portuguese: Universidade de Lisboa) is a public research university in Lisbon, and Portugal's largest university. It was founded in 1911, but the university's present structure dates to the 2013 merger of the former University of Lisbon (1911–2013) and the Technical University of Lisbon (1930–2013).
Mount Aubert de la Rue
Mount Aubert de la Rue (53°1′S 73°22′E﻿ / ﻿53.017°S 73.367°E﻿ / -53.017; 73.367) is an ice-free hill, 125 metres (410 ft) high, standing at the south end and surmounting the low Fidelia Isthmus that connects Laurens Peninsula with the main mass of Heard Island. It was first charted and named by Edgar Aubert de la Rue, French geologist aboard the whale catcher of the island in January 1929, and later surveyed by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions in 1948.

Hill
A hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. It often has a distinct summit, and is usually applied to peaks which are above elevation compared to the relative landmass, though not as prominent as mountains. Hills fall under the category of slope landforms.
Bernard Cuzner
Bernard Lionel Cuzner (4 November 1877 – 4 January 1956) was an English silversmith and product designer.

Cuzner was born in Alcester in Warwickshire and initially trained as a watchmaker, before showing talent as a silversmith while taking evening classes in Redditch at the Redditch School of Art. He moved to Birmingham to train at the Vittoria Street School of Jewellery and Silversmithing, and Birmingham School of Art where he was influenced by Robert Catterson Smith and Arthur Gaskin. From 1900 he taught at the school and began designing for W. H. Haseler and Liberty & Co.

He was head of the department of metalwork at the Birmingham School of Art from 1910 until 1942. His work was also part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

His work was within the Arts and Crafts style with extensive handwork. He also designed, such as for Liberty's Cymric range of silverware and jewellery from 1899 as well as private commissions.

Silversmith
A silversmith is a metalworker who crafts objects from silver. The terms silversmith and goldsmith are not exact synonyms, as the techniques, training, history, and guilds are (or were, at least) largely the same but differed in that the end product may vary greatly (as may the scale of objects created).
Conformer
A conformer is a clear acrylic shell fitted after an enucleation of the eye if the final artificial eye is not available at the time of surgery, to hold the shape of the eye socket and allow the eyelids to blink over the shell without rubbing the suture line.
The conformer shell holds the shape ready for the artificial eye, and is worn for six to eight weeks after surgery.
Some ocularists will make a temporary artificial eye which can be worn as the conformer shell.

Poly(methyl methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a synthetic polymer derived from methyl methacrylate. It is a transparent thermoplastic used as an engineering plastic. PMMA is also known as acrylic and acrylic glass and by the trade names and brands Crylux, Walcast, Wanjiale, Hesalite, Plexiglas, Acrylite, Lucite, PerClax, and Perspex, among several others (see below). This plastic is often used in sheet form as a lightweight or shatter-resistant alternative to glass. It can also be used as a casting resin, in inks and coatings, and for many other purposes.

It is often technically classified as a type of glass in that it is a non-crystalline vitreous substance, hence its occasional historical designation as acrylic glass.
Ardita Sinani
Ardita Sinani (Serbian Cyrillic: Ардита Синани; born 15 November 1980) is a Serbian politician of Albanian origin currently serving as the mayor of Preševo. She succeeded Shqiprim Arifi in a new coalition arrangement in the 2021 Serbian local elections.

Preševo
Preševo (Serbian Cyrillic: Прешево, pronounced [prêʃeʋə]; Albanian: Preshevë, Albanian pronunciation: [preʃevə]) is a town and municipality located in the Pčinja District of southern Serbia. As of the 2022 census, the municipality has a population of 33,449 inhabitants. It is the southernmost town in Central Serbia and largest in the geographical region of Preševo Valley.

Preševo is the cultural center of Albanians in Serbia. Albanians form the ethnic majority of the municipality, followed by Serbs, Roma and other ethnic groups.
2011 Copa Colombia
The 2011 Copa Colombia, officially the 2011 Copa Postobón for sponsorship reasons, was the ninth edition of the Copa Colombia, the national football cup competition for clubs of DIMAYOR. It began on February 23 and ended on October 27. The winner earned a berth to the 2012 Copa Sudamericana.

División Mayor del Fútbol Profesional Colombiano
The División Mayor del Fútbol Profesional Colombiano (Major Division of Colombian Professional Football), also known by the truncation DIMAYOR, is an organization responsible for organizing and operating professional football leagues and tournaments in Colombia. It administers the top two levels of professional football leagues in Colombia, the Primera A and the Primera B, as well as the Colombian Superliga and Copa Colombia, Colombia's domestic football cup.
Heidi Diethelm Gerber
Heidi Diethelm Gerber (born 20 March 1969 in Münsterlingen) is a Swiss female sport shooter. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed in the Women's 10 metre air pistol and the Women's 25 metre pistol.  She finished in 35th in the 10 metre air pistol event and in 29th in the 25 metre event. At the 2016 Summer Olympics she won the bronze medal in the 25 metre pistol and was 35th in the 10 metre air pistol.

Shooting at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 10 metre air pistol
The Women's 10 metre air pistol event at the 2016 Olympic Games took place on 7 August 2016 at the National Shooting Center.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 40 shots with an air pistol at 10 metres distance. Scores for each shot were in increments of 1, with a maximum score of 10.

The top 8 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. There, they fired an additional 20 shots. These shots scored in increments of .1, with a maximum score of 10.9.

The medals were presented by Barbara Kendall, IOC member, New Zealand and Gary Anderson, Vice President of the International Shooting Sport Federation.
Lygia Clark
Lygia Pimentel Lins (23 October 1920 – 25 April 1988), better known as Lygia Clark, was a Brazilian artist best known for her painting and installation work. She was often associated with the Brazilian Constructivist movements of the mid-20th century and the Tropicalia movement. Along with Brazilian artists Amilcar de Castro, Franz Weissmann, Lygia Pape and poet Ferreira Gullar, Clark co-founded the Neo-Concrete movement. From 1960 on, Clark discovered ways for viewers (who would later be referred to as "participants") to interact with her art works. Clark's work dealt with the relationship between inside and outside, and, ultimately, between self and world.

Franz Weissmann
Franz Josef Weissmann (September 15, 1911 – July 18, 2005) was a Brazilian sculptor born in Austria, emigrating to Brazil while he was eleven years old. Geometric shapes, like cubes and squares, are strongly featured in his works. He was one of the founders of the Neo-Concrete Movement.
Cobargo, New South Wales
Cobargo is a village in the south-east area of the state of New South Wales in Australia in Bega Valley Shire. At the 2016 census, Cobargo had a population of 776 people. It is 386 km south of Sydney on the Princes Highway between Narooma and Bega. The town suffered heavy losses during the 2019-20 bushfires.

Cobargo's streetscape features turn of the century buildings. It has developed in the early 21st century from a sleepy and small village into a popular tourist destination. Its attractions include olden-style stores, leather craftworks, potteries, an iron forge, art galleries, tea rooms and antique shops. Wadbilliga National Park is 20 km west of Cobargo.

The name Cobargo may have originated from the local Indigenous Australian word 'cubago' which some sources claim was used to describe nearby Mount Gulaga.

Gulaga / Mount Dromedary
Gulaga, dual-named as Mount Dromedary and also referred to as Mount Gulaga, is a mountain located in the south coast region of New South Wales, Australia. It rises above the village of Central Tilba and is within the Gulaga National Park. At its highest point, it measures 806 metres (2,644 ft) above sea level.

Najanuka / Little Dromedary Mountain, also dual-named, lies 6.37 km (3.96 mi) to the south-east, and both mountains are of great significance to the local Aboriginal people, the Dhurga-speaking Yuin people. The area features the southernmost subtropical rainforest in New South Wales.
Jasmine Gill
Jasmine Gill (born 7 October 1990 in Greensboro, N. C., United States) is an American professional basketball player. In her career before Torino, she played for Primorje, Partizan, Peli-Karhut, ICIM Arad, Kilsyth LC, Telge Basket, and Sandringham Sabres.

BC ICIM Arad
BC ICIM Arad is a professional women's basketball team from Arad, Romania. The club, for sponsorship reason under the name BC Univ. Goldiș ICIM Arad, competes in the Liga Națională.

The club is one of the most successful basketball clubs in Romanian women's basketball with 9 National Leagues and 2 Romanian Cups.
1000 Islands Tower
The 1000 Islands Tower is a concrete observation tower, on Hill Island, in Ontario, about 620 meters from the border of New York State. Built and opened in June 15, 1965, the tower provides panoramic views over the Thousand Islands of both countries, from a height of 400 feet (120 m) above the St. Lawrence River.

It is generally open from May to October.

Observation tower
An observation tower is a tower used to view events from a long distance and to create a full 360 degree range of vision to conduct long distance observations. Observation towers are usually at least 20 metres (66 ft) tall and are made from stone, iron, and wood. Many modern towers are also used as TV towers, restaurants, or churches. The towers first appeared in the ancient world, as long ago as the Babylonian Empire.

Observation towers that are used as guard posts or observation posts over an extended period to overlook an area are commonly called watchtowers instead.

Similar instances of observation towers are recognised as crow's nests, observatories, viewing platforms, etc.
Oddballs (album)
Oddballs is a compilation album by Frank Black, released in 2000. The album includes various B-sides and outtakes that were recorded between 1994 and 1997. The album was only available for sale at Frank Black & the Catholics shows or on eMusic. It was out of print until July 2013 when the album became available on compact disc through Black's own label the Bureau. The vinyl record was released in October 2013.

Songs in the Key of X: Music from and Inspired by the X-Files
Songs in the Key of X: Music from and Inspired by the X-Files is a 1996 compilation album released in association with the American science fiction television series The X-Files. The album contained a mixture of songs that were either featured in the series, or shared thematic elements with it. Songs in the Key of X peaked at No. 47 on the Billboard 200 album sales chart after its release. The album's title is a play on the title of Stevie Wonder's 1976 album Songs in the Key of Life.

The album has received positive reviews from critics, with one review describing it as "easily the most ambitious record ever assembled for a TV soundtrack". The song "Hands of Death (Burn Baby Burn)" received a nomination for the Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance in 1997, losing to Rage Against the Machine. The album also features two songs hidden in the pregap before the start of the first track, both recorded by Nick Cave and The Dirty Three.
The Meaning of Hitler
The Meaning of Hitler (German: Anmerkungen zu Hitler) is a 1978 book by the journalist and writer Raimund Pretzel, who published all his books under the pseudonym Sebastian Haffner. Journalist and military historian Sir Max Hastings called it 'among the best' studies of Hitler; Edward Crankshaw called it a 'quite dazzlingly brilliant analysis'.

The book analyzes the life and work of Adolf Hitler and is divided into seven chapters, each treating a different aspect of the man.

Edward Crankshaw
William Edward Crankshaw (3 January 1909 – 30 November 1984) was a British writer, author, translator and commentator; best known for his work on Soviet affairs and the Gestapo (Secret State Police) of Nazi Germany.
Last Flight (Jefferson Airplane album)
Last Flight is an authorized recording released in the United Kingdom, taken from the last live performance of the San Francisco rock group Jefferson Airplane prior to the band's dissolution in 1972.  The concert was held at the Winterland Arena in San Francisco, and selected tracks were released on the 1973 album Thirty Seconds Over Winterland.  Last Flight consists of the entire concert with the exception of the encore, Marty Balin's "You Wear Your Dresses Too Short", previously released on the Jefferson Airplane Loves You box-set. Balin sings lead vocals on "Volunteers" much to the surprise of the audience since he left the band in late 1970.

Jack Casady
John William Casady (born April 13, 1944) is an American bass guitarist, best known as a member of Jefferson Airplane and Hot Tuna. Jefferson Airplane became the first successful exponent of the San Francisco Sound. Singles including "Somebody to Love" and "White Rabbit" charted in 1967 and 1968. Casady, along with the other members of Jefferson Airplane, was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996.
Chooz, Ardennes
Chooz (French pronunciation: [ʃo] ⓘ) is a commune in the Ardennes department in northern France.

The Chooz Nuclear Power Plant is located in Chooz, as are the associated Chooz and Double Chooz neutrino oscillation experiments. The Pointe de Givet National Nature Reserve is also partly located on the commune.

Ardennes (department)
Ardennes (French: [aʁdɛn] ⓘ) is a department in the Grand Est region of northeastern France named after the broader Ardennes. Its prefecture is the town Charleville-Mézières. The department has 270,582 inhabitants. The inhabitants of the department are known as Ardennais or Ardennaises.
Ohio State Route 104
State Route 104 (SR 104) is a north–south highway in Southern Ohio.  Its southern terminus is at U.S. Route 23 (US 23) in Portsmouth, Ohio and its northern terminus is at US 33 in Columbus.  The route passes through or close to the towns of Portsmouth, Waverly, Chillicothe, Grove City, and Columbus. From Waverly to Chillicothe, it overlaps US 23.

Though officially a north-south highway for its entire length, SR 104 formerly was signed east-west through Columbus (and is signed east-west on ramps coming from US 33).

Chillicothe, Ohio
Chillicothe (/ˌtʃɪlɪˈkɒθi/ CHIL-ih-KOTH-ee) is a city in Ross County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 22,059 at the 2020 census. Located along the Scioto River 45 miles (72 km) south of Columbus, Chillicothe was the first and third capital of Ohio. It is the only city in Ross County and the center of the Chillicothe micropolitan area, which is a part of the Columbus, Ohio Combined Statistical Area. Chillicothe is a designated Tree City USA by the National Arbor Day Foundation.
Sølensjøen
Sølensjøen is a lake in Rendalen Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 22.43-square-kilometre (8.66 sq mi) lake is part of the 46-mile (74 km) long Sølna river system. The lake itself is about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) long and 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) wide, and its greatest depth is 58 metres (190 ft). Sølensjøen has abundant populations of Arctic char, trout, grayling, whitefish, pike, burbot and perch, which has made it the locale of Norway's largest inland fishing village Fiskevollen which is located on its northwestern shore. The mountain Sølen lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the southwest of the lake.

Perch
Perch is a common name for freshwater fish from the genus Perca, which belongs to the family Percidae of the large order Perciformes. The name comes from Greek: πέρκη, romanized: perke, meaning the type species of this genus, the European perch (P. fluviatilis).

Many species of freshwater game fish more or less resemble perch, but belong to different genera. In fact, the exclusively saltwater-dwelling red drum (which belongs to a different order Acanthuriformes) is often referred to as a "red perch", though by definition perch are freshwater species. Though many fish are referred to as perch as a common name, to be considered a true perch, the fish must be of the family Percidae.

The earliest fossil remains of Perca are known from the Middle Miocene of Ukraine.
Homebase (novel)
Homebase is a novel written by Shawn Wong, first published in 1979 by Reed, Cannon & Johnson Publishing Co.. It was also published by Plume in 1991 and is currently distributed by the University of Washington Press.

Plume (publisher)
Plume is a publishing company in the United States, founded in 1970 as the trade paperback imprint of New American Library. Today it is a division of Penguin Group, with a backlist of approximately 700 titles.
ATC code G04
ATC code G04 Urologicals is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products. Subgroup G04 is part of the anatomical group G Genito-urinary system and sex hormones.

Codes for veterinary use (ATCvet codes) can be created by placing the letter Q in front of the human ATC code: for example, QG04. ATCvet codes without corresponding human ATC codes are cited with the leading Q in the following list.National issues of the ATC classification may include additional codes not present in this list, which follows the WHO version.

Solifenacin
Solifenacin, sold as the brand name Vesicare among others, is a medicine used to treat overactive bladder and neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO). It may help with incontinence, urinary frequency, and urinary urgency.

Benefits appear similar to other medications in the class. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include dry mouth, constipation, and urinary tract infection. Severe side effects may include urinary retention, QT prolongation, hallucinations, glaucoma, and anaphylaxis. It is unclear if use is safe during pregnancy. It is of the antimuscarinic class and works by decreasing bladder contractions.

Solifenacin was approved for medical use in the United States in 2004. In 2023, it was the 245th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.