hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Canton of Saverne
The canton of Saverne is an administrative division of the Bas-Rhin department, northeastern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Saverne.

It consists of the following communes:

Saverne
Saverne (French: Saverne, pronounced [savɛʁn] ⓘ; Alsatian: Zàwere [ˈd̥sɐːvəʁə]; German: Zabern [ˈtsaːbɐn] ⓘ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It is situated on the Rhine-Marne canal at the foot of a pass over the Vosges Mountains, and 45 km (27 mi) northwest of Strasbourg.

As of 2023, the population of the commune was 11,460. Saverne is the centre of an urban area with about 19,000 inhabitants.
Hurting Kind (I've Got My Eyes on You)
"Hurting Kind (I've Got My Eyes on You)" is a rock song performed by English rock singer Robert Plant, from his 1990 album Manic Nirvana. It was released as a single and reached number 45 on the UK singles chart,
number 46 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 1 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart. It was Plant's fifth number 1 rock song.

The song was written by Plant and band-mates Chris Blackwell (drums and guitar), Doug Boyle (guitar), Phil Johnstone (keyboards) and Charlie Jones (bass guitar).

Charlie Jones (musician)
Stephen Charles Jones (born 13 October 1965) is an English musician, songwriter and record producer, best known for his work as a bassist for various artists, including Robert Plant, Page and Plant, Loreena McKennitt, Goldfrapp, Siouxsie Sioux. He is currently the bassist for The Cult. Jones won a Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 2009 for co-writing the song "Please Read the Letter" from the album Raising Sand by Robert Plant and Alison Krauss.
Michał Hieronim Radziwiłł
Prince Michał Hieronim Radziwiłł (Lithuanian: Mykolas Jeronimas Radvila; 13 September 1744 – 2 May 1831) was a Polish–Lithuanian nobleman, politician, diplomat and member of the Radziwiłł family. He was an ordynat of Kleck, Olyka and Niasvizh, Great Sword-bearer of Lithuania from 1771, castellan of Vilnius from 1775, voivode of Vilnius from 1790, starost grabowski, komorowski, kraszewicki, and miksztadzki. He also held a position of Marshal during the Partition Sejm, together with Adam Poniński.

He was a Knight of the Order of the White Eagle (awarded on 7 September 1773) and a holder of the Order of the Black Eagle. His paternal great-grandfather was Dominik Mikołaj Radziwiłł. He was married to Helena Przeździecka from 26 April 1771, their son was Antoni Radziwiłł.

Castellans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Castellans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth were the lowest rank of territorial official who could sit in the Senate of Poland. Their numbers varied over time and with the shifting borders of the Commonwealth.

In the Kingdom of Poland and later in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Castellans (Polish: Kasztelan) usually deferred to the higher ranking Voivodes (wojewoda), excepting three Distinguished Castellans of the cities of Trakai, Vilnius, and of Kraków - who ranked higher than the Voivodes.
Lychnis Mountain
Lychnis Mountain is a 3,124-metre (10,249-foot) mountain summit located in Banff National Park, in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. It is part of the Sawback Range. Its nearest higher peak is Mount St. Bride, 3.1 km (1.9 mi) to the north. The mountain is situated 2.0 km (1.2 mi) east of Tilted Mountain in an area of exposed Skoki Formation limestone which is known for fossils such as brachiopods, gastropods, conodonts, cephalopods, trilobites, and echinoderm fragments.

Skoki Formation
The Skoki Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Early to Middle Ordovician age that is present on the western edge of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta and British Columbia. It was named for Skoki Mountain near Lake Louise in Banff National Park by Charles Doolittle Walcott in 1928. The Skoki Formation is fossiliferous and includes remains of brachiopods and other marine invertebrates, as well as conodonts and oncolites.
Mount Elgon
Mount Elgon is an extinct shield volcano on the border of Uganda and Kenya, north of Kisumu, east of Mbale and west of Kitale. The mountain's highest point, named "Wagagai", is located entirely within Uganda. Although there is no verifiable evidence of its earliest volcanic activity, geologists estimate that Mount Elgon is at least 24 million years old, making it the oldest known extinct volcano in East Africa. The mountain's name originates from its Maasai name, “Ol Doinyo Ilgoon” (Breast Mountain).

Shield volcano
A shield volcano is a type of volcano named for its low profile, resembling a shield lying on the ground. It is formed by the eruption of highly fluid (low viscosity) lava, which travels farther and forms thinner flows than the more viscous lava erupted from a stratovolcano. Repeated eruptions result in the steady accumulation of broad sheets of lava, building up the shield volcano's distinctive form.

Shield volcanoes are found wherever fluid, low-silica lava reaches the surface of a rocky planet. However, they are most characteristic of ocean island volcanism associated with hot spots or with continental rift volcanism. They include the largest active volcanoes on Earth, such as Mauna Loa. Giant shield volcanoes are found on other planets of the Solar System, including Olympus Mons on Mars and Sapas Mons on Venus.
A.G. Lafley
Alan George "A. G." Lafley (born June 13, 1947) is an American businessman who led consumer goods maker  Procter & Gamble (P&G) for two separate stints, from 2000 to 2010 and again from 2013 to 2015, during which he served as chairman, president and CEO. In 2015, he stepped down as CEO to become executive chairman of P&G, eventually retiring in June 2016.

As CEO, Lafley was called "one of the most lauded CEOs in history" and is credited with revitalizing P&G under the mantra “Consumer is Boss,” with a focus on billion dollar brands like Crest, Tide, and Pampers.  But he also brought in several new brands, like Swiffer and Febreze, by merging P&G's internal resources with outside “open” innovation, referred to as Connect + Develop.

Prior to rejoining P&G in 2013, Lafley consulted on business and innovation strategy, advising on CEO succession and executive leadership development, and coaching experienced, new, and potential CEOs.

Crest (toothpaste)
Crest is an American brand of toothpaste and other oral hygiene products made by American multinational Procter & Gamble (P&G) and sold worldwide. In many countries in Europe, such as Germany, Bulgaria, Serbia, Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Poland, Hungary, Latvia, Romania, Estonia and Lithuania, it is sold as Blend-A-Med, the name of an established German toothpaste acquired by P&G in 1987 (formerly Blendax GmbH). In France, Spain, Italy, Israel, Sweden, Finland, Colombia, Belgium, the Netherlands, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Greece, Uruguay and Argentina, P&G markets similar oral hygiene formulations under the Oral-B brand.
Jan Boklöv
Jan Mauritz Boklöv (born 14 April 1966) is a Swedish former ski jumper who won the 1988–89 World Cup season. He also dominated the Swedish national championships during the late 1980s and early 1990s. He is best known for popularising the now-ubiquitous V-style in the late 1980s and early 1990s.

Kurt Elimä was one of Boklöv's trainers. Boklöv competed in two Winter Olympics, finishing seventh in the team large hill event in Calgary in 1988 and 47th in the individual normal hill in Albertville in 1992. At the 1989 Ski Jumping World Championships in Lahti, he finished fifth in the team large hill and tenth in the individual normal hill events. At the 1990 Ski Flying World Championships in Vikersund, Boklöv finished 27th.

In 1989 he was the recipient of the Jerringpriset, a prize for the best sports performance of the year by a Swedish athlete, as voted for by the radio audience of Radiosporten.

During the early 2000s he lived in Luxembourg.,.

Tremplin du Praz
The Tremplin du Praz is a ski jumping hill at Le Praz in Courchevel, France. The complex consists of four hills: a large hill with construction point of K125 (HS132), a normal hill at K90 (HS96), and two training hills at K60 and K25. The complex also has a cross-country skiing stadium used for Nordic combined. Jörg Ritzerfeld holds the large hill winter record of 134.0 metres and Nicolas Mayer the normal hill record of 100.5 metres.

Le Praz received its first ski jumping hill in 1944. Ahead of the 1992 Winter Olympics, the large and normal hills were built along with a cross-country stadium to host ski jumping and Nordic combined events. Since 1997, the hill has hosted an annual summer FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix event. It has also been used for one FIS Ski Jumping World Cup and two FIS Nordic Combined World Cup rounds, in addition to four events of the FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup. The medium hill opened in 2004 and the small hill in 2008.
Powders (album)
Powders is the fifth studio album by American experimental musician Eartheater. It was released September 20, 2023, via Chemical X under exclusive license to Mad Decent. It is a sister album to the upcoming album titled Aftermath, expected for release in 2025/2026.

It was supported by the singles "Pure Smile Snake Venom" and "Chop Suey". The former single and "Crushing" feature music videos directed by Daniel Sannwald and Andrew Thomas Huang, respectively.

Casey Manierka-Quaile
Casey Manierka-Quaile, also known as Casey MQ, is a Canadian singer, musician, film composer, songwriter, and record producer. In 2022, he won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Original Song at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards for "And Then We Don't", a song he co-wrote with Tika Simone for Thyrone Tommy's film Learn to Swim. He collaborated with artists such as Oklou, Empress of, Shygirl, Eartheater, and Vagabon.
Live (Poco album)
Poco Live is the tenth album, and second live album, by the American country rock band Poco.  The material for this album had been recorded for Epic Records shortly after the Cantamos album, but it was not released until over a year later, after Poco's switch to ABC Records and success with the Head over Heels album.  The release of this album (April 1976, Epic) produced confusion in the marketplace over whether this or Rose of Cimarron (May 1976, ABC Records) was Poco's newest album, helping sales of Poco Live and hurting sales of Rose of Cimarron.

Cantamos
Cantamos is the seventh studio album by the country rock band Poco. It was released in 1974 on Epic Records. This album saw the band moving back towards their traditional country rock sound after experimenting with a harder style on the previous album.
Air Tahoma Flight 185
Air Tahoma Flight 185 was a scheduled cargo flight from Memphis to Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport conducted by Air Tahoma as part of a contract to freight parcels for courier firm DHL Aviation. On August 13, 2004, the flight crashed during approach to landing just one mile (1.6 km) short of the runway. The Convair 580, which is a twin engine turboprop, was destroyed upon impact. The first officer was killed and the captain received minor injuries.

First officer (aviation)
In aviation, the first officer (FO), also called co-pilot, is a pilot who serves as the second-in-command of an aircraft, alongside the captain, who is the legal commander. In the event of incapacitation of the captain, the first officer will assume command of the aircraft.
Qajar (tribe)
The Qajars (Persian: ایل قاجار, romanized: Il-e Ǧâjâr; Azerbaijani: قاجارلار, romanized: Qacarlar) are a clan of the Bayat tribe of the Oghuz Turks who lived variously, with other tribes, in the area that is now Armenia, Azerbaijan and northwestern Iran.

By the end of the Safavid era, the Qajars had split into several factions. These included the Ziyādoghlu (Ziādlu), associated with the area of Ganja and Yerevan, as well as the Qoyunlu (Qāvānlu), and Davālu (Devehlu) the latter two associated with the northern areas of contemporary Iran. In 1796, Agha Mohammad Khan, a Qajar chief of the Qoyunlu branch, was crowned Shah of Iran, founding the Qajar dynasty, which ruled Iran until 1925.

Charles Pellat
Charles Pellat (28 September 1914, in Souk Ahras – 28 October 1992, in Bourg-la-Reine) was a French Algerian academic, historian, translator, and scholar of Oriental studies, specialized in Arab studies and Islamic studies. He was an editor of the Encyclopaedia of Islam published by Brill Academic Publishers, and a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres.
Edmund DeJarnette (politician)
Edmund Tompkins DeJarnette (August 22, 1897 – July 13, 1966) was an American politician who was elected to eight terms in the Virginia House of Delegates. In 1955, while serving as majority floor leader of the House, he was defeated in a Democratic primary challenge by Claiborne Gregory.

As of October 25, 1955, DeJarnette was a member of the Virginia Advisory Legislative Council.

DeJarnette and his wife died on July 13, 1966, in a car accident on Interstate 95 in Richmond. He was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. His son, Edmund DeJarnette Jr., was a career Foreign Service Officer with the United States Department of State.

Foreign Service officer
A Foreign Service officer (FSO) is a commissioned member of the United States Foreign Service. FSOs formulate and implement the foreign policy of the United States. They spend most of their careers overseas as members of U.S. embassies, consulates, and other diplomatic missions, though some receive assignments to serve at combatant commands, Congress, and educational institutions such as the various U.S. service academies.

As of 2021, there were over 8,000 FSOs.
Doneraile
Doneraile (Irish: Dún ar Aill, meaning 'fort of the cliff'), historically Dunnerail, is a town in County Cork, Ireland. It is on the R581 regional road 8 km (5.0 mi) east of the N20 road, which runs from Limerick to Cork. It is about 12 km (7.5 mi) north of Mallow town. It is on the River Awbeg, a branch of the Blackwater. The town is in a townland and civil parish of the same name. Doneraile is part of the Cork East Dáil constituency.

N20 road (Ireland)
The N20 road is a national primary road in Ireland, connecting the cities of Cork and Limerick. Buttevant, Croom, Charleville, Mallow and Blarney are major towns along the route. A short section of the route (from Limerick to Patrickswell) is motorway standard and is designated as the M20 Motorway.
Josiah Preston
Josiah Preston (1885 – after 1909) was an English professional footballer born in Derby who played in the Football League for Birmingham.

Preston played for Derby Midland and Burton United before joining Birmingham in 1908. Described as "a strong and solid reserve", he was one of several full backs vying to succeed Frank Stokes and Watty Corbett, who were coming to the end of their careers. He had a run of seven games in the 1909–10 season, beginning with a 3–0 defeat at Clapton Orient on 20 November 1909, but returned to non-league football the following year with Halesowen.

Halesowen Town F.C.
Halesowen Town Football Club is a football club based in Halesowen, West Midlands, England. They are currently members of the Southern League Premier Division Central and play at the Grove Recreation Ground.
Rila motorway
The Rila motorway, still undesignated, is a planned motorway in southern Bulgaria.

It will start from the Gyueshevo border crossing with North Macedonia and end with connection to the Trakia motorway (A1) near Ihtiman. 
It will pass near the cities of Kyustendil, Dupnitsa (Struma motorway (A3)) and Samokov.

The motorway will duplicate the national road I-6 to Kyustendil and II-62 to Samokov and along it will pass the European road E871 to Kyustendil. It will be a part of the  Pan-European Transport Corridor 8.

The total planned length of the Rila motorway is about 170 km, with 0 km completed as of 2025.

Pan-European Corridor VIII
The Corridor VIII is one of the Pan-European corridors. It comprises both road and rail routes. Both commence on the Italian Adriatic coast at Bari or Brindisi, with a ferry crossing to Durrës in Albania. From there the routes cross the southern Balkans into Bulgaria and thence to Varna, on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. The road corridor follows the route: Tirana/Durrës/Vlorë – Elbasan – Skopje – Pernik – Sofia – Plovdiv – Burgas – Varna. Although as yet incomplete, it is broadly paralleled by the rail route: Durrës/Vlorë-Lin-Radožda-Kičevo-Skopje-Kumanovo-Beljakovtse-Kriva Palanka-Gyueševo-Sofija-Burgas-Varna.
Friedrich Kasiski
Major Friedrich Wilhelm Kasiski (29 November 1805 – 22 May 1881) was a German infantry officer, cryptographer and archeologist. Kasiski was born in Schlochau, Kingdom of Prussia (now Człuchów, Poland).

The Codebreakers
The Codebreakers – The Story of Secret Writing (ISBN 0-684-83130-9) is a book by David Kahn, published in 1967, comprehensively chronicling the history of cryptography from ancient Egypt to the time of its writing. The United States government attempted to have the book altered before publication, and it succeeded in part.
Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase
Isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.3.2, IPP isomerase), also known as Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase, is an isomerase that catalyzes the conversion of the relatively un-reactive isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) to the more-reactive electrophile dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP). This isomerization is a key step in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids through the mevalonate pathway and the MEP pathway.

isopentenyl diphosphate  dimethylallyl diphosphate

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those intramolecular oxidoreductases transposing C=C bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is isopentenyl-diphosphate Delta3-Delta2-isomerase. Other names in common use include isopentenylpyrophosphate Delta-isomerase, methylbutenylpyrophosphate isomerase, and isopentenylpyrophosphate isomerase.

Isomerization
In chemistry, isomerization or isomerisation is the process in which a molecule, polyatomic ion   or molecular fragment is transformed into an isomer with a different chemical structure. Enolization is an example of isomerization, as is tautomerization.

When the activation energy for the isomerization reaction is sufficiently small, both isomers can often be observed and the equilibrium ratio will shift in a temperature-dependent equilibrium with each other. Many values of the standard free energy difference, , have been calculated, with good agreement between observed and calculated data.
Simple Things Remixes
Simple Things Remixes is a remix album by Zero 7, released only in the United States. It features mixes of tracks from their first album, Simple Things and an enhanced music video for the 2001 single "Destiny".

Remix album
A remix album is an album consisting of remixes or rerecorded versions of an artist's earlier released material. The first act who employed the format was American singer-songwriter Harry Nilsson (Aerial Pandemonium Ballet, 1971). As of 2007, the best-selling remix album of all time is Michael Jackson's Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix (1997).
Pointe de Tourtemagne
The Pointe de Tourtemagne (also known as Turtmannspitze) is a mountain of the Swiss Pennine Alps, located east of St. Luc in the canton of Valais. It lies between the valleys of Anniviers and Turtmann.

Anniviers
Anniviers is a municipality in the district of Sierre in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It was formed through the merger of six municipalities in Val d'Anniviers: Ayer, Chandolin, Grimentz, Saint-Jean, Saint-Luc and Vissoie. The merger became effective 1 January 2009, creating the third largest municipality of Switzerland by area.
2008 Guam B-52 crash
On 21 July 2008, a United States Air Force (USAF) B-52H Stratofortress operating out of Andersen Air Force Base, crashed into the Pacific Ocean during a training flight approximately 30 nautical miles (56 km) northwest of Apra Harbor, Guam. The training flight was to include participation in a local municipal celebration of Liberation Day (the day in 1944 that Guman was Liberated from Japan) in Hagåtña. All six crew members aboard the aircraft were killed and the aircraft was destroyed.

An investigation by the USAF determined that the crash was likely caused by an improper stabilizer trim setting. The investigation was unable to determine conclusively what had caused the horizontal stabilizer trim to be set improperly, but theorized that the most likely cause was an aircraft system malfunction.

Stars and Stripes (newspaper)
Stars and Stripes is a daily American military newspaper reporting on matters concerning the members of the United States Armed Forces and their communities, with an emphasis on those serving outside the United States. It operates from inside the Department of Defense, but is editorially separate from it, and its First Amendment protection is safeguarded by the United States Congress to whom an independent ombudsman, who serves the readers' interests, regularly reports. As well as a website, Stars and Stripes publishes a global daily print edition for U.S. military service members serving overseas Monday through Friday. This global edition is also available as a free download in electronic format. The newspaper's headquarters is in Washington, D.C.
Paul Linden
Paul Frederick Linden (born 29 January 1947) FRS FRMetS is a mathematician specialising in fluid dynamics. He was the third G. I. Taylor Professor of Fluid Mechanics at the University of Cambridge, inaugural Blasker Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Environmental Science and Engineering at the UC San Diego and a fellow of Downing College.

Downing College, Cambridge
Downing College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge and currently has around 950 students. Founded in 1800, it was the only college to be added to the university between 1596 and 1869, and is often described as the oldest of the new colleges and the newest of the old. Downing College was formed "for the encouragement of the study of Law and Medicine and of the cognate subjects of Moral and Natural Science", and has developed a reputation amongst Cambridge colleges for Law and Medicine.

In 2012, Downing was named one of the two most eco-friendly Cambridge colleges.
Radical 87
Radical 87 or radical claw (爪部) meaning "claw", "nail" or "talon" is one of the 34 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals total) composed of 4 strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary there are 36 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

爪 is also the 86th indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China, with 爫 being its associated indexing component.

Chinese character radicals
A radical (Chinese: 部首; pinyin: bùshǒu; lit. 'section header'), or indexing component, is a visually prominent component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary. The radical for a character is typically a semantic component, but it can also be another structural component or an artificially extracted portion of the character. In some cases, the original semantic or phonological connection has become obscure, owing to changes in the meaning or pronunciation of the character over time.

The use of the English term radical is based on an analogy between the structure of Chinese characters and the inflection of words in European languages. Radicals are also sometimes called classifiers, but this name is more commonly applied to the grammatical measure words in Chinese.