hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bishop's Castle (UK Parliament constituency)
Bishop's Castle was a borough constituency in Shropshire represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The market town of Bishop's Castle became a parliamentary borough in 1584 and was a constituency of the House of Commons of England until 1707, of the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. It was represented by two burgesses.

The historian Lewis Namier claimed that in the middle of the eighteenth century it was the one notoriously corrupt parliamentary borough in Shropshire. It was abolished under the Reform Act 1832.

Burgess (title)
A burgess was the holder of a certain status in an English, Irish or Scottish borough in the Middle Ages and the early modern period, designating someone of the burgher class. It originally meant a freeman of a borough or burgh, but later came to be used mostly for office-holders in a town or one of its representatives in the House of Commons of England.
Cameo glass
Cameo glass is a luxury form of glass art produced by cameo glass engraving or etching and carving through fused layers of differently colored glass to produce designs, usually with white opaque glass figures and motifs on a dark-colored background. The technique is first seen in ancient Roman art of about 30 BC, where it was an alternative to the more luxurious engraved gem vessels in cameo style that used naturally layered semi-precious gemstones such as onyx and agate. Glass allowed consistent and predictable colored layers, even for round objects.

From the mid-19th century there was a revival of cameo glass, suited equally to Neo-Grec taste and the French Art Nouveau practiced by Émile Gallé.  Cameo glass is still produced today.

Onyx
Onyx is a typically black-and-white banded variety of agate, a silicate mineral. The bands can also be monochromatic with alternating light and dark bands. Sardonyx is a variety with red to brown bands alternated with black or white bands. The name "onyx" is also frequently used for level-banded (parallel-banded) agates, but in proper usage it refers to color pattern not band structure. Onyx, as a descriptive term, has also been incorrectly applied to parallel-banded varieties of alabaster, marble, calcite, obsidian, and opal, and misleadingly to materials with contorted banding, such as "cave onyx" and "Mexican onyx".
Roots N Blues Festival
38°57′04″N 92°18′22″W﻿ / ﻿38.951°N 92.306°W﻿ / 38.951; -92.306
The Treeline Music Festival, previously known as the Roots N Blues Festival and Roots N Blues N BBQ Festival, is an annual music festival that takes place in Stephens Lake Park in Columbia, Missouri. The festival features international, national, regional and local artists, both established and emerging, from the genres of roots, blues, gospel, country, folk, bluegrass, rock and soul. The Roots N Blues Festival is a three-day event that is typically held during the last weekend of September.

The festival includes over 30 live music performances on two stages, food and beverage vendors, craft vendors, a Ferris wheel and art installations. The festival also hosts a half marathon and 10k race and a gospel celebration during the festival weekend. The festival is organized by Thumper Entertainment, which also manages the non-profit Roots N Blues Foundation in support of Blues in the Schools, a youth music education program.

Stephens Lake Park
Stephens Lake Park is a park located in Columbia, Missouri. Today it serves as an ArbNet Level II arboretum with a lake, open play areas and amphitheater  spanning 116 total acres. The Arboretum includes a Missouri native plant collection, and oak and maple collections.

In the early 1800s the David Gordon House and Collins Log Cabin were built upon the land. A century later Stephens College purchased the land from the Gordon family. During the start of the 21st century, the city purchased the land and opened it to the public.
Doreen Lawrence
Doreen Delceita Lawrence, Baroness Lawrence of Clarendon, OBE (née Graham; born 1952 in Jamaica) is a British Jamaican campaigner and the mother of Stephen Lawrence, a black British teenager who was murdered in a racist attack in South East London in 1993. She promoted reforms of the police service and founded the Stephen Lawrence Charitable Trust. Lawrence was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for services to community relations in 2003, and was created a life peer in 2013.

On the first national Stephen Lawrence Day on 22 April 2019, she described how she had worked for 26 years hoping for "an inclusive society for everyone to live their best life, regardless of gender, race, sexuality, religion, disability or background".

Charity (practice)
Charity is the voluntary provision of assistance to those in need. It serves as a humanitarian act, and is unmotivated by self-interest. Various philosophical views about charity exist, which are often associated with religion.
Lydia Bailey
Lydia Bailey is a 1952 American historical adventure film directed by Jean Negulesco and starring Dale Robertson, Anne Francis and Charles Korvin. It was made by 20th Century Fox and based on the 1947 novel of the same name by Kenneth Roberts.

Kenneth Roberts (author)
Kenneth Lewis Roberts (December 8, 1885 – July 21, 1957) was an American writer of historical novels. He worked first as a journalist, becoming nationally known for his work with the Saturday Evening Post from 1919 to 1928, and then as a popular novelist. Born in Kennebunk, Maine, Roberts specialized in regionalist historical fiction, often writing about his native state and its terrain and also about other upper New England states and scenes. For example, the main characters in Arundel and Rabble in Arms are from Kennebunkport (then called Arundel), the main character in Northwest Passage is from Kittery, Maine and has friends in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and the main character in Oliver Wiswell is from Milton, Massachusetts.
Deckers Creek Trail
The Deckers Creek Trail is a rail trail located in West Virginia.

The 19-mile (31 km) trail climbs a 2% grade, rising 1,000 feet (300 m) in elevation as it runs through the deciduous forests, hemlock groves, open fields and farmlands in Preston County.

Together with the Mon River Trail and Caperton Trail, it forms a 48-mile (77 km) network of multi-use, non-motorized use, trails connecting Marion County, Monongalia County and Preston County.

Monongalia County, West Virginia
Monongalia County, known locally as Mon County, is a county located in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 105,822, making it West Virginia's third-most populous county. Its county seat is Morgantown. The county was founded in 1776. Monongalia County is included in the Morgantown, WV Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is the largest county in North-Central West Virginia. It is part of the Pittsburgh media market.
1970 Helvetia Cup
The 1970 Helvetia Cup was the ninth edition of the Helvetia Cup mixed team badminton tournament. This was the second time West Germany has hosted the event.

Hosts West Germany won their ninth consecutive title by defeating the Netherlands 4–3 in the final. In the playoff for third place, Wales defeated Norway 4–3. In the classification round, Czechoslovakia defeated Austria 5–2 for fifth place while Switzerland defeated Finland for seventh place.

Norway national badminton team
The Norway national badminton team (Norwegian: Norges landslag i badminton) represents Norway in international badminton team competitions. It is controlled by the Norwegian Badminton Association. Norway participated in the Sudirman Cup until 2007. The national team have never qualified nor competed in the Thomas Cup and the Uber Cup.

Norway is also a medal contender in para-badminton. The nation has won a few gold medals at the BWF Para-Badminton World Championships, with most medals being won by para-badminton player Helle Sofie Sagøy.
Literacy in South Korea
Literacy in South Korea refers to the ability to read, write, and interpret written information within linguistic, social, and digital contexts. International assessments place South Korea among OECD countries with high reported literacy levels, which has been discussed in relation to compulsory education and national curriculum frameworks. In recent years, literacy policy discussions have focused on digital media literacy, learning gaps among students, and the educational impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Government-led curriculum revisions and learning-support systems have played a central role in addressing these issues.

Compulsory education
Compulsory education refers to a period of education that is required of all people and is imposed by the government. This education may take place at a registered school or at home or other places.

Compulsory school attendance or compulsory schooling means that parents are obliged to send their children to a state-approved school.

All countries except Bhutan, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vatican City (which does not have any child citizens or child residents) have compulsory education laws.
M-94 (cipher machine)
The M-94 was a piece of cryptographic equipment used by the United States Army, consisting of several lettered discs arranged as a cylinder. It was also employed by the US Navy, under the name CSP 488.

The device was conceived by Colonel Parker Hitt and then developed by Major Joseph Mauborgne in 1917; based on a system invented by Thomas Jefferson and Etienne Bazeries. Officially adopted in 1922, it remained in use until circa 1942, when it was replaced by more complex and secure electromechanical rotor machines, particularly the M-209.

Rotor machine
In cryptography, a rotor machine is an electro-mechanical stream cipher device used for encrypting and decrypting messages. Rotor machines were the cryptographic state-of-the-art for much of the 20th century; they were in widespread use from the 1920s to the 1970s. The most famous example is the German Enigma machine, the output of which was deciphered by the Allies during World War II,  producing intelligence code-named Ultra.
Piano Concerto No. 1 (Saint-Saëns)
The Piano Concerto No. 1 in D major, Op. 17, by Camille Saint-Saëns was composed in 1858, when the composer was 23 and dedicated to Marie Jaëll. It is the first piano concerto ever written by a major French composer.

Marie Jaëll
Marie Jaëll (née Trautmann) (17 August 1846, Steinseltz – 4 February 1925, Paris) was a French pianist, composer, and pedagogue. Marie Jaëll composed pieces for piano, concertos, quartets, and others, She dedicated her cello concerto to Jules Delsart, and was the first pianist to perform all the piano sonatas of Beethoven in Paris. She did scientific studies of hand techniques in piano playing and attempted to replace traditional drilling with systematic piano methods. Her students included Albert Schweitzer, who studied with her while also studying organ with Charles-Marie Widor in 1898–99. She died in Paris.
Kawkareik
Kawkareik (Pwo Eastern Karen: ဍုံကောဝ်တြာ်; Burmese: ကော့ကရိတ်, [kɔ̰kəɹeɪʔ]; S'gaw Karen: ဒူဖျၢ်ယၢ်ဝ့ၢ်ဖိ), also spelled as Kawkarike, is a town in Karen State, Myanmar. It is the capital of Kawkaraik District and Kawkaraik Township.

S'gaw Karen language
S'gaw Karen or S'gaw K'nyaw, commonly known simply as Karen, is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken by the S'gaw Karen people of Myanmar and Thailand. A Karenic branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family, S'gaw Karen is spoken by over 2 million people in Tanintharyi Region, Ayeyarwady Region, Yangon Region, and Bago Region in Myanmar, and about 200,000 in northern and western Thailand along the border near Kayin State. It is written using the S'gaw Karen alphabet, derived from the Burmese script, although a Latin-based script is also in use among the S'gaw Karen in northwestern Thailand. Additionally, the Kwekor script is used in Hlaingbwe Township.

Various divergent dialects are sometimes seen as separate languages: Paku in the northeast, Mopwa (Mobwa) in the northwest, Wewew, and Monnepwa.
Nukutepipi
Nukutepipi, or Nuku-te-pipi is an atoll in French Polynesia, Pacific Ocean. It is part of the Duke of Gloucester Islands, a subgroup of the Tuamotu group. Nukutepipi's nearest neighbor is Anuanurunga, which is located about 22 km to the WNW.

Nukutepipi is a very small atoll. It is roughly triangular-shaped, measuring approximately 2.7 km in length. Its reef is quite broad, enclosing completely the small lagoon, which has a deep area at its centre. There are two relatively large islands on its reef, one on its eastern side and the other on the northwest.

Nukutepipi Atoll was once inhabited but is currently not. It has a small airfield which was inaugurated in 1982. It is now owned by Cirque du Soleil's Guy Laliberté.

Tuamotus
The Tuamotu Archipelago or the Tuamotu Islands (French: Îles Tuamotu, officially Archipel des Tuamotu) are a French Polynesian chain of just under 80 islands and atolls in the southern Pacific Ocean. They constitute the largest chain of atolls in the world, extending (from northwest to southeast) over an area roughly the size of Western Europe. Their combined land area is 850 square kilometres (328 square miles). This archipelago's major islands are Rangiroa, Anaa, Fakarava, Hao and Makemo.

The Tuamotus have approximately 16,000 inhabitants. The islands were initially settled by Polynesians, and modern Tuamotuans have inherited from them a shared culture and the Tuamotuan language.

The Tuamotus are a French overseas collectivity.

NOTE: The Marshall Islands, a group of tolls, encompassing 1.2 sq kilometers.
Caterina Nozzoli
Caterina Nozzoli (born 29 June 1967) is an Italian former professional tennis player.

Nozzoli played on the WTA Tour in the late 1980s and early 1990s, reaching a career high singles ranking of 130 in the world. Her best performance came early in her career, a semi-final appearance at the 1985 Italian Open. At the 1987 French Open she featured in the main draw of both the women's singles and doubles.

A member of Italy's Federation Cup squad in 1987, Nozzoli played a dead rubber doubles match in their World Group round one win over Belgium (with Laura Garrone).

She married tennis player Antonio Padovani.

1985 Italian Open (tennis)
The 1985 Italian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Foro Italico in Rome in Italy that was part of the 1985 Nabisco Grand Prix and of 1985 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. The men's tournament was held from 13 May through 18 May 1985, while the women's tournament was held from 28 April through 5 May 1985. Yannick Noah and Raffaella Reggi won the singles titles.
Gowtham M. K.
Gowtham M. K. (born 1997) is an Indian kho kho player from Karnataka. He plays for the India men's national kho kho team as a defender. He was part of the Indian men’s team that won the inaugural Kho Kho World Cup held at New Delhi in January 2025. He plays for Odisha Juggernauts in the Ultimate Kho Kho, a franchise based league tournament.

Ultimate Kho Kho
Ultimate Kho Kho, abbreviated as UKK is an Indian franchise-based kho-kho league. Hosted by the Kho Kho Federation of India, it was founded in 2022. The first season had a viewership of 64 million, 41 million of which came from India, making UKK the third-most viewed non-cricket sports tournament in India after the Pro Kabaddi League and the Indian Super League.
Red Dirt Girl
Red Dirt Girl is the nineteenth studio album by American country artist Emmylou Harris, released on September 12, 2000 by Nonesuch Records. The album was a significant departure for Harris, as eleven of the twelve tracks were written or co-written by her. At the time, she was best known for covering other songwriters' work. Prior to this album, only two of Harris' LPs had more than two of her own compositions (Gliding Bird in 1969, and The Ballad of Sally Rose in 1985). Her next album, Stumble into Grace, was also written by Harris. The album contains "Bang the Drum Slowly", a song Guy Clark helped Harris write as an elegy for her father. The album peaked at number 3 on the Billboard country album charts and won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album in 2001.

Guy Clark
Guy Charles Clark (November 6, 1941 – May 17, 2016) was an American country singer-songwriter and luthier. He released more than 20 albums, and his songs have been recorded by other artists, including Townes Van Zandt, Bobby Bare, Jerry Jeff Walker, George Strait, Jimmy Buffett, Kathy Mattea, Lyle Lovett, Ricky Skaggs, Steve Wariner, Emmylou Harris, Rodney Crowell, Steve Earle, Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, Nanci Griffith and Chris Stapleton. He won the 2014 Grammy Award for Best Folk Album: My Favorite Picture of You.
Yoshihisa Hirano
Yoshihisa Hirano (平野 義久, Hirano Yoshihisa; born December 7, 1971) is a Japanese composer and arranger. He is best known for composing the scores for anime series, such as Death Note, Hunter × Hunter (2011), and Edens Zero. He has also made the orchestration for video games, mostly in the Final Fantasy franchise.
His musical style combines impressionism and atonal music. He employs techniques such as polyrhythm, tone clusters, polytonality, brass glissandi and polymodal chromaticism to create unique musical textures.

Polyrhythm
Polyrhythm (/ˈpɒlirɪðəm/) is the simultaneous use of two or more rhythms that are not readily perceived as deriving from one another, or as simple manifestations of the same meter. The rhythmic layers may be the basis of an entire piece of music (cross-rhythm), or a momentary section. Polyrhythms can be distinguished from irrational rhythms, which can occur within the context of a single part; polyrhythms require at least two rhythms to be played concurrently, one of which is typically an irrational rhythm. Concurrently in this context means within the same rhythmic cycle. The underlying pulse, whether explicit or implicit can be considered one of the concurrent rhythms. For example, the son clave is poly-rhythmic because its 3 section suggests a different meter from the pulse of the entire pattern.
United Left Front (1962)
The United Left Front was an political alliance in West Bengal, India. A key issue that provoked various left parties to join hands was the prevailing food crisis in the state. The front comprised the Communist Party of India, the Socialist Unity Centre, the All India Forward Bloc, the Marxist Forward Bloc, the Revolutionary Communist Party of India, the Bolshevik Party of India and the Revolutionary Socialist Party.

In 1962 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, the front won 74 seats out of 252.

Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)
The Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP) is a communist party in India. The party was founded on 19 March 1940 by Tridib Chaudhuri and has its roots in the Bengali liberation movement Anushilan Samiti and the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army.

The party got around 0.4% of the votes and three seats in the Lok Sabha elections in 1999 and 2004. It is part of the Left Front (West Bengal), Left Front (Tripura) and Congress-led United Democratic Front (Kerala).
Brezovica pri Črmošnjicah
Brezovica pri Črmošnjicah (pronounced [ˈbɾéːzɔʋitsa pɾi tʃəɾmɔˈʃnjìːtsax, -njíː-]; formerly Brezje; German: Wrezen, Wretzen, Gottschee German: Brezə) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Semič in Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Semič
The Municipality of Semič (pronounced [ˈseːmitʃ]; Slovene: Občina Semič) is a municipality in Slovenia in the traditional region of White Carniola in southeastern Slovenia. The municipality is included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. Its seat is the settlement of Semič.
Glamorgan County Cricket Club in 2014
The 2014 season marked Glamorgan County Cricket Club's 127th year of existence and its 93rd as a first-class cricket county. In 2014, Glamorgan played in the Second Division of the County Championship, Group B of the 50-over Royal London One-Day Cup and the South Group of the NatWest t20 Blast. It was the first season in charge for head coach Toby Radford. The on-field captains were Mark Wallace for the County Championship and Royal London One-Day Cup, and Jim Allenby for the NatWest t20 Blast. Unlike other counties, Glamorgan competed in limited-overs cricket without a nickname for the second year in a row.

2014 One-Day Cup
The 2014 One-Day Cup (also known as for sponsorship reasons as the 2014 Royal London One-Day Cup)  was the 2014 season England and Wales Cricket Board limited overs cricket competition for the England and Wales first-class counties. It replaced the ECB 40 tournament that ran from 2010 to 2013. The number of overs per innings was increased to 50 to bring the competition in line with One Day Internationals and the national teams of Scotland, the Netherlands and the Unicorns cricket team (a team formed of players who do not have first-class contracts) did not participate in the competition.

Durham won the tournament, defeating Warwickshire by three wickets in the final at Lord's on 20 September 2014. This was Durham's second limited overs title in first-class cricket after the 2007 Friends Provident Trophy.
Reinaldo (footballer, born 1979)
Reinaldo da Cruz Oliveira  (born 14 March 1979) simply known as Reinaldo, is Brazilian football coach and former player who played as a forward. He is the current head coach of Maricá.

On 11 July 2019, it was announced that Reinaldo had retired.

Maricá Futebol Clube
Maricá Futebol Clube, better known as Maricá, is a sports association in the city of Maricá, in the state of Rio de Janeiro.
Founded on 2 August 2001 as a Rio de Janeiro Football Club, between 2017 and 2018 the football club competed under the name of Rio de Janeiro/Maricá. On 16 July 2018, the merger was made official and the name changed to Maricá Futebol Clube. The headquarters were also changed, moving from Magé to Maricá.
Sarcodon lanuginosus
Sarcodon lanuginosus is a species of tooth fungus in the family Bankeraceae. It was described as new to science in 1961 by mycologist Kenneth A. Harrison, who initially called it Hydnum lanuginosum. He transferred it to the genus Sarcodon in 1984. It is found in Nova Scotia, Canada, where it fruits on the ground singly or in groups under spruce and fir. The type collection was made in Cape Split, Kings County.

The fungus has fruit bodies with irregularly shaped, shaggy caps measuring 3–15 cm (1.2–5.9 in) in diameter, supported by a smooth, greyish stipe. Conditions of high humidity can result in reddish or pinkish drops appearing on the stipe. The spores of S. lanuginosus are roughly spherical, covered in small warts (tubercules), and measure 4.5–6 by 4.5–5 μm.

Kenneth A. Harrison
Kenneth A. Harrison (1901 – November 5, 1991) was a Canadian mycologist. He was for many years a plant pathologist at what is now the Atlantic Food and Horticulture Research Centre in Nova Scotia. After retirement, he contributed to the taxonomy of the Agaricomycotina, particularly the tooth fungi of the families Hydnaceae and Bankeraceae, in which he described several new species.
Victoria House, London
Victoria House is a neoclassical building in Bloomsbury, London, WC1. It stands on a long rectangular island site between the east side of Bloomsbury Square and Southampton Row. It became a Grade II listed building in December 1990.

A4200 road
The A4200 is a major thoroughfare in central London. It runs between the A4 at Aldwych, to the A400 Hampstead Road/Camden High Street, at Mornington Crescent tube station, via Holborn, Bloomsbury, Euston and Somers Town.