hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Meg Urry
Claudia Megan Urry is an American astrophysicist, who has served as the President of the American Astronomical Society, as chair of the Department of Physics at Yale University, and as part of the Hubble Space Telescope faculty. She is the Israel Munson Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Yale University. Urry is known for establishing the unification paradigm for radio-loud active galactic nuclei, for her research on the co-evolution of supermassive black holes and galaxies, and for her advocacy for women and underrepresented groups in science.

National Radio Astronomy Observatory
The National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) is since 1956 a federally funded research and development center of the United States National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. for the purpose of radio astronomy. NRAO designs, builds, and operates its own high-sensitivity radio telescopes for use by scientists around the world.
Infinitesimal generator (stochastic processes)
In mathematics — specifically, in stochastic analysis — the infinitesimal generator of a Feller process (i.e. a continuous-time Markov process satisfying certain regularity conditions) is a Fourier multiplier operator that encodes a great deal of information about the process.

The generator is used in evolution equations such as the Kolmogorov backward equation, which describes the evolution of statistics of the process; its L2 Hermitian adjoint is used in evolution equations such as the Fokker–Planck equation, also known as Kolmogorov forward equation, which describes the evolution of the probability density functions of the process.

The Kolmogorov forward equation in the notation is just , where  is the probability density function, and  is the adjoint of the infinitesimal generator of the underlying stochastic process. The Klein–Kramers equation is a special case of that.

Lp space
In mathematics, the Lp spaces are function spaces defined using a natural generalization of the p-norm for finite-dimensional vector spaces. They are sometimes called Lebesgue spaces, named after Henri Lebesgue (Dunford & Schwartz 1958, III.3), although according to the Bourbaki group (Bourbaki 1987) they were first introduced by Frigyes Riesz (Riesz 1910).

Lp spaces form an important class of Banach spaces in functional analysis, and of topological vector spaces. Because of their key role in the mathematical analysis of measure and probability spaces, Lebesgue spaces are used also in the theoretical discussion of problems in physics, statistics, economics, finance, engineering, and other disciplines.
Göran Magnusson (chemist)
Hans Göran Magnusson (23 April 1942 – 7 June 2000) was a Swedish chemist.

Magnusson graduated with a Ph.D. in 1975 from Lund University with a thesis on sesquiterpene chemistry, and was simultaneously awarded the title as Docent. In 1978-79, he was a postdoctoral research associate at Rice University, USA, where he worked with natural products' chemist Ernest Wenkert on alkaloid synthesis. After his return to Sweden, he was first recruited to build a research unit in organic chemistry at the Swedish Sugar Corporation before returning to Lund University, where he was appointed Professor of organic chemistry in 1991 and where he stayed until his death.

Ernest Wenkert
Ernest Wenkert, (16 October 1925 – 20 June 2014) was an Austrian-born American chemist.

Wenkert received B.S. (1945) and M.S. (1947) degrees in chemistry from the University of Washington. In 1951, he was awarded a Ph.D. degree in organic chemistry from Harvard University, where he studied under Robert Burns Woodward. From 1951, he served as a faculty member at Iowa State University, and was in 1961 appointed as the Herman T. Briscoe Professor of Chemistry at Indiana University. In 1974, he took the position as E.D. Butcher Professor of Chemistry at Rice University, also serving as chair of the chemistry department. In 1980, he moved to the University of California, San Diego, where he stayed until his retirement in 1994.
Ecofibre
Ecofibre Limited (also abbreviated as Ecofibre or EOF) is an Australian listed biotechnology company that produces and sells hemp derived products to consumers and retailers in the United States and Australia. The company's products include cannabinoid (CBD) oil and nutraceuticals as well as hemp derived food and textiles.

Ecofibre operates through its U.S. locations in Georgetown, Kentucky and Greensboro, North Carolina and its Australian location in Newcastle, New South Wales.

Ecofibre listed on the Australian Securities Exchange in March 2019 through an initial public offering, raising A$20 million in equity capital.

Georgetown, Kentucky
Georgetown is a home rule-class city in Scott County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 37,086 at the 2020 census. It is the sixth-most populous city in Kentucky. It is the seat of its county. It was originally called Lebanon when founded by Rev. Elijah Craig and was renamed in 1790 in honor of President George Washington. Historically, settlers were drawn to Georgetown for its Royal Spring.

It is the home of Georgetown College, a private liberal arts college. Georgetown is part of the Lexington-Fayette, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area. At one time the city served as the training camp home for the NFL's Cincinnati Bengals.

The city's growth began in the mid-1980s, when Toyota built Toyota Motor Manufacturing Kentucky, its first wholly owned United States plant, in Georgetown. The plant opened in 1988; it builds the Camry, Camry Hybrid, Lexus ES, and RAV4 Hybrid automobiles.
Sikandar Sultan Raja
Sikandar Sultan Raja is a retired Pakistani civil servant who is the current Chief Election Commissioner of Pakistan since January 2020. He is the son-in-law of the former Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister of Pakistan and Chief Secretary Sindh Saeed Mehdi. As a civil servant, Raja belonged to the Pakistan Administrative Service.

Raja retired from civil service in BPS-22 grade in 2019, having worked in senior bureaucratic positions such as the Railways Secretary, Petroleum Secretary, SAFRON Secretary, Federal Secretary Aviation and Chief Secretary of both Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan.

Raja was appointed as the chief election commissioner by President Arif Alvi in January 2020. His tenure as chief election commissioner ended in 8 January 2025, however he has continued to server the position as a caretaker, until the appointment of his successor.

Chief Secretary of Sindh
The chief secretary of Sindh (Urdu: معتمدِ اعلٰی سندھ), also referred to as CS Sindh, is the bureaucratic chief and highest-ranking official of the Government of Sindh. The position holder is usually a Grade-22 officer of the Pakistan Administrative Service. The position of chief secretary is equivalent to the rank of Federal Secretary. The current chief secretary of Sindh is Syed Asif Hyder Shah, in office since March 2024.

The prime minister directly appoints the chief secretary. The chief secretary also serves as the Cabinet Secretary of Sindh.
Gustavo Guimarães
Gustavo de Freitas Guimarães (born 24 January 1994) is a water polo player from Brazil. He was part of the Brazilian team at the 2016 Summer Olympics, where the team was eliminated in the quarterfinals.

Water polo at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's tournament of Water polo at the 2016 Summer Olympics at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, began on 6 August and ended on 20 August 2016. Games were held at the Maria Lenk Aquatics Centre and the Olympic Aquatics Stadium.

Serbia won the gold medal by defeating Croatia in the final. Bronze was won by Italy after beating Montenegro. After the Rio Olympics, Serbia national team held Olympic Games, World Championship, European Championship, World Cup and World League titles simultaneously.
Christine McDougall
Christine McDougall (born 24 January 1951) is an Australian fencer. She competed in the women's individual foil event at the 1972 Summer Olympics. She was a longstanding member of the Melbourne-based VRI Fencing Club.

Foil (fencing)
A foil is one of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. It is a flexible weapon of total length 110 cm (43 in) or under, rectangular in cross section, weighing under 500 g (18 oz), with a blunt tip. As with the épée, points are only scored by making contact with the tip. The foil is the most commonly used weapon in fencing.
Rettai Jadai Vayasu
Rettai Jadai Vayasu (transl. Age of double braids) is a 1997 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy film directed by C. Sivakumar starring Ajith Kumar and Manthra, while Goundamani, Senthil, and Ponvannan  play supporting roles. The film's music is composed by Deva with cinematography by  A. Karthik Raja and editing by K. Mohan. The film was released on 12 December 1997 and was a box office failure.

Raasi (actress)
Raasi (born Vijaya) is an Indian actress known for her work in Telugu and Tamil cinema, with appearances in a few Kannada and Malayalam films. She is credited as Manthra in Tamil and Malayalam films. Raasi gained recognition for her performances in notable films such as Subhakankshalu (1997), Gokulamlo Seeta (1997), and Pelli Pandiri (1998). She transitioned to television with Telugu soap operas, debuting in Girija Kalyanam (2020) and later appearing in Janaki Kalaganaledu (2021).
Ray Wallace (footballer)
Raymond George Wallace (born 2 October 1969 in Lewisham) is an English former footballer who played in the Football League and Premier League for Southampton, Leeds United, Swansea City, Reading, Stoke City and Hull City, in the Scottish Football League for Airdrieonians, and in the League of Ireland for Drogheda United. He was capped for the England under-21 team.

1995–96 Stoke City F.C. season
The 1995–96 season was Stoke City's 89th season in the Football League and 33rd in the second tier.

Prior to the start of the 1995–96 season, the possibility of building a new stadium to bring Stoke up to the requirements of the Taylor Report was discussed. On the pitch Stoke enjoyed their most successful season for quite a long time as they mounted a push for promotion to the Premier League and made the end-of-season play-offs against Leicester City. However, Leicester scored the only goal in the two-legged tie and they were the team that went on to be promoted.
Bayda Governorate
Bayda Governorate (Bayda Governorate, Arabic: محافظة البيضاء) was one of the governorates (muhafazah) of Libya from 1963 to 1969. Its capital was Bayda.Other important towns in the governorate were Marj, Al Qubah, Shahhat and Apollonia. It was created out of the Cyrenaica province.

On 23 May 1971, the governorate was renamed Jabal al Akhdar Governorate, but the boundaries remained unchanged. The governorate's population was 131,940 in 1963.

Darnah Governorate - east

Benghazi Governorate - west

Apollonia (Cyrenaica)
Apollonia (Greek: Ἀπολλωνία) in Cyrenaica (modern Libya) was founded by Greek colonists and became a significant commercial centre in the southern Mediterranean. It served as the harbour of Cyrene, 20 km (12 mi) to the southwest.

Apollonia became autonomous from Cyrene at latest by the time the area came within the power of Rome, when it was one of the five cities of the Libyan Pentapolis, growing in power until, in the 6th century AD, it became the capital of the Roman province of Libya Superior or Libya Pentapolitana. The city became known as Sozusa, which explains the modern name of Marsa Susa or Susa, which grew up long after the cessation of urban life in the ancient city after the Arab occupation of AD 643.

Sozusa was an episcopal see and is included in the Catholic Church's list of titular sees.
José Salgado
José Enrique Salgado Fernández (born June 10, 1989) is a Mexican professional boxer and the current North American Boxing Association Super Flyweight Champion. Salgado is promoted by Saúl Álvarez' company Canelo Promotions.

Cozumel
Cozumel (Spanish pronunciation: [kosuˈmel]; Yucatec Maya: Kùutsmil) is an island and municipality in the Caribbean Sea off the eastern coast of Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula, opposite Playa del Carmen. It is separated from the mainland by the Cozumel Channel and is close to the Yucatán Channel. The municipality is part of the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico.

In 2023, Cozumel was designated a Pueblo Mágico by the Mexican government, recognizing its cultural and historical importance.
Mattituck-Cutchogue Union Free School District
Mattituck-Cutchogue Union Free School District is a public school district located on the North Fork of Long Island, in Suffolk County, New York, United States.  It primarily serves the western part of the Town of Southold, as well as a small portion of the Town of Riverhead, and includes the entirety of Mattituck, Cutchogue and Laurel, as well as portions of Jamesport and Northville. To the east, the district is bordered by the Southold Union Free School District, and on the west, the Riverhead Central School District.

The district superintendent is Shawn Petretti, his assistant is Lisa Bieber.

Northville, Suffolk County, New York
Northville is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the Town of Riverhead in Suffolk County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 1,566 at the time of the 2020 census.

Between 1921 and 1930, it was an incorporated village known originally as the Incorporated Village of Sound Avenue, and from 1927 to 1930 as the Incorporated Village of Northville.
Montealegre
Montealegre is a surname.

Notable bearers of this surname include:

Eduardo Montealegre (born 1955), Nicaraguan politician

Felicia Montealegre Bernstein (1922–1978), Costa Rica-born American actress, wife of Leonard Bernstein

Francisco Montealegre Fernández (1818–1875), Costa Rican politician and businessman

Gerónima Montealegre (1823–1892), First Lady of Costa Rica in 1870

Gloria Montealegre, American journalist

José María Montealegre (1815–1887), President of Costa Rica from 1859 to 1863

Katerine Montealegre (born 1992), Chilean lawyer

Mariano Montealegre Bustamante (1783–1843), Costa Rican diplomat and politician

Reynaldo Aguado Montealegre (born 1960), Nicaraguan human rights activist

Rox Montealegre (born 1990), Filipina actress

Gerónima Montealegre
Gerónima Montealegre Fernández de Carranza Ramírez (October 30, 1823 - September 16, 1892) was First Lady of Costa Rica and wife of Temporary Head of State Bruno Carranza. She was born in San José on October 30, 1823 to her parents Mariano Montealegre Bustamante (Costa Rica's first Vice Head of State and diplomat) and Jerónima Fernández Chacón, and was sister of President José María Montealegre Fernández. She married Carranza on January 3, 1847 and later became First Lady when he took power by coup d'etat from April 27 to August 8, 1870.

Using her mother's inheritance, she and her sisters founded Hospicio de la Trinidad, the first orphanage in the city of San José. She died in this city on September 16, 1892. At the time of her death the local press nicknamed her "mother of the orphans and the handicapped" (in Spanish "madre de los huérfanos y los desvalidos").

She was the great-great-grandmother of actress Madeleine Stowe.
Trębaczów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Trębaczów [trɛmˈbat͡ʂuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Opatowiec, within Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north-west of Opatowiec, 11 km (7 mi) east of Kazimierza Wielka, and 69 km (43 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Kazimierza County
Kazimierza County (Polish: powiat kazimierski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kazimierza Wielka, which lies 69 kilometres (43 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce. The only other town in the county is Skalbmierz, lying 9 km (6 mi) north-west of Kazimierza Wielka.

The county covers an area of 422.48 square kilometres (163.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 33,408, out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka is 5,550, that of Skalbmierz is 1,285, and the rural population is 26,573.
Strepsigonia quadripunctata
Strepsigonia quadripunctata is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1862. It is found in Sundaland, the north-eastern Himalayas and on Sulawesi and the southern Moluccas.

Adults are testaceous, the wings with the exterior lunulate and dentate line rather darker than the ground colour. It is most distinct on the forewings where it terminates in a black apical streak. The discal point is black.

Sundaland
Sundaland (also called Sundaica or the Sundaic region) is a biogeographical region of Southeast Asia corresponding to a larger landmass that was exposed throughout the last 2.6 million years during periods when sea levels were lower. It includes Bali, Borneo, Java, and Sumatra in Indonesia, and their surrounding small islands, as well as the Malay Peninsula on Mainland Southeast Asia.
Fujieda, Shizuoka
Fujieda (藤枝市, Fujieda-shi) is a city located in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2019, the city has an estimated population of 145,032 in 59,480 households, and a population density of 750 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 194.06 square kilometres (74.93 sq mi). Fujieda is a member of the World Health Organization’s Alliance for Healthy Cities  (AFHC).

Masashi Nakayama
Masashi Nakayama (中山 雅史, Nakayama Masashi; born 23 September 1967), nicknamed "Gon" during his playing career, is a Japanese professional football manager and former player. He was the J.League Most Valuable Player in 1998, J.League Top Scorer in 1998 and 2000, and J.League Best XI in 1997, 1998, 2000, 2002.
Korolupy
Korolupy (German: Kurlupp) is a municipality and village in Znojmo District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Korolupy lies approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) west of Znojmo, 77 km (48 mi) south-west of Brno, and 158 km (98 mi) south-east of Prague.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup Group D
Group D was one of eight groups of the preliminary round of the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup. It took place from 31 August to 4 September 2019, and consisted of Angola, Italy, the Philippines, and Serbia. Each team played each other once, for a total of three games per team, with all games played at Foshan International Sports and Cultural Center, Foshan. After all of the games were played, the top two teams with the best records qualified for the Second round and the bottom two teams played in the Classification Round.

GBA International Sports and Cultural Center
The Greater Bay Area International Sports and Cultural Center (Chinese: 佛山国际体育文化演艺中心), or GBA Center, is an indoor arena located in Foshan, China. It is used mostly for basketball matches and concerts.

The arena opened on 10 November 2018 as the host of the 27th China Golden Rooster and Hundred Flowers Film Festival. On 2 December 2018, a 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup qualification match contested by China and Lebanon was hold as the opening match. Guangzhou Loong Lions of Chinese Basketball Association appointed the arena as their second home arena and played six matches of 2018–19 CBA season in December 2018. Guangzhou Charge of the Overwatch League will also play at the arena from 2020 season. Selected games of Macau Black Bears, which also owned by Nenking Group, were played in the arena as well.
Tourism in Iraq
Tourism in Iraq refers to tourism in the Western Asian country of Iraq. Iraq was one of the main destinations for many years, however this changed dramatically due to conflicts. Tourism in Iraq has faced many challenges, however, in recent years there have been improvements. The capital city Baghdad is the second largest city in the Arab world and the 4th largest in the Middle East. Iraq has several World Heritage Sites, dating back to ancient Mesopotamia, most notably Babylon Iraq. Iraq is considered to be a potential location for ecotourism.

Erbil was chosen as the "Arab Tourism Capital" for 2014 by the Arab Tourism Committee. Then, Baghdad was chosen as Arab Tourism Capital for 2025. Recent initiatives include the development of Ur Tourist City adjacent to the 4th-millennium BC city of Ur, designed as a religious and heritage tourism centre for the Sumerian archaeological site.

Kufa
Kufa (Arabic: الْكُوفَة "al-Kūfah"), also spelled Kufah, is a city in Iraq, about 170 kilometres (110 mi) south of Baghdad, and 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of Najaf. It is located on the banks of the Euphrates River. The estimated population in 2003 was 110,000.

Along with Najaf, Karbala, Mashhad, Samarra, Kadhimiya and Qom, Kufa is one of the holiest cities in Shia Islam. The city was founded in 638 CE (17 Hijrah) during the reign of the second Rashidun Caliph, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, and it was the final capital of the last Rashidun Caliph, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Kufa was also the founding capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. During the Islamic Golden Age it was home to the grammarians of Kufa. Kufic script is named for the city.

The Palestinian keffiyeh, also known as kufiya and worn by Arab men, originated from Kufa, and is worn today to convey diverse political sentiments. Due to heightened global consumer demand, most keffiyehs are now manufactured in China.
North Central Cancer Treatment Group
The North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) is an  international clinical research group sponsored by the National Cancer Institute. The NCCTG consists of a network of cancer specialists at community clinics, hospitals and medical centers in the United States, Canada and Mexico. The research base for NCCTG is located at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota.

Rochester, Minnesota
Rochester is a city in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States. It is the county seat. It is located along rolling bluffs on the Zumbro River's south fork in Southeast Minnesota. The population was 121,395 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 123,624 in 2024, making it the third-most populous city in Minnesota. The Rochester metropolitan area has an estimated 230,000 residents. The city is the home and birthplace of Mayo Clinic.

Rochester first developed as a stagecoach stop between Dubuque, Iowa, and Saint Paul, Minnesota. With the creation of the Mayo Clinic in 1864, Rochester became a national center for healthcare, as well as a hub for regional agriculture.  For higher education needs the University of Minnesota Rochester, Rochester Community and Technical College, and Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine are located in the city.
LNER electric units
The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) operated different types of electric multiple units.

British Rail Class 306, introduced in 1949 on the suburban lines out of London Liverpool Street

British Rail Class 505, introduced in 1931, jointly with the London, Midland and Scottish Railway, in the Manchester area

British Rail Class 506, introduced in 1954 in the Manchester area

LNER Tyneside electric units, introduced in 1937 in Tyneside

London Underground 1938 Stock, 289 cars of which were LNER property

NER electric units, absorbed from the North Eastern Railway in 1923

British Rail Class 506
The British Rail Class 506 was a 3 carriage electric multiple unit (EMU) built for local services between Manchester, Glossop and Hadfield on the Woodhead Line, which was electrified in 1954 on the 1,500 V DC overhead system.