hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pinus matthewsii
Pinus matthewsii is an extinct species of conifer in the pine family.  The species is solely known from the Pliocene sediments exposed at Ch’ijee's Bluff on the Porcupine River near Old Crow, Yukon, Canada.

Old Crow, Yukon
Old Crow  is a community in the Canadian territory of Yukon.

Located in a periglacial environment, the community is situated on the Porcupine River in the far northern part of the territory. Old Crow is the only Yukon community that cannot be reached by motor vehicle, requiring visitors to fly in to Old Crow Airport. It is a dry community. Old Crow is also the northernmost non-Inuit indigenous community in North America, and one of only a few such communities north of the Arctic Circle outside of Eurasia.
1975 in Bangladesh
1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1975th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 975th  year of the 2nd millennium, the 75th  year of the 20th century, and the  6th   year of the 1970s decade.

The year 1975 was the 4th year after the independence of Bangladesh. It was also the last year of the first post-independence government in Bangladesh and a year marked with a coups and coup d'état.

Common year starting on Wednesday
A common year starting on Wednesday is any non-leap year (a year with 365 days) that begins on Wednesday, January 1, and ends on 
Wednesday,  December 31. Its dominical letter hence is E. The most recent year of such kind was 2025, and the next one will be 2031, or, likewise, 2026 and 2037 in the obsolete Julian calendar, see below for more. This common year is one of the three possible common years in which a century year can begin on, and occurs in century years that yield a remainder of 200 when divided by 400. The most recent such year was 1800, and the next one will be 2200.

Any common year that starts on Wednesday has only one Friday the 13th: the only one in this common year occurs in June. Leap years starting on Tuesday share this characteristic.

This year has four months (February, March, June and November) which begin on a weekend-day.
WTCY
WTCY (88.3 FM) is a Catholic radio station licensed to Greilickville, Michigan serving the Traverse City area of the northwestern region of  Michigan's lower peninsula. It began as an FM repeater of WTCK 90.9 FM in Charlevoix with main studios located near the  Cross in the Woods Catholic Shrine in Indian River. In the spring of 2015, the main studio moved from its Indian River beginnings to a new facility in Traverse City.

Cross in the Woods
The Cross in the Woods is a Catholic shrine at 7078 M-68 in Indian River, Michigan. It was declared a national shrine by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) on September 15, 2006. At 55 feet tall, it is the second largest crucifix in the world. The largest Crucifix is in Bardstown, KY, at 60 feet high. The largest Christian cross in the world stands at 492 feet (150m), located in the Valley of the Fallen, Spain.

The Crucifix has become one of the most famous and most frequently visited shrines in all of Michigan.  The highlight of the shrine is a large wooden cross and bronze figure of Christ by sculptor Marshall Fredericks. The site also includes outdoor and indoor churches, numerous smaller shrines, and a nun doll museum. The Cross in the Woods is open 365 days a year, and the Church built at this location holds Masses daily, year round. Each year, between 275,000 and 325,000 people visit the Cross in the Woods Shrine.
Richard Crosse (priest)
Richard Crosse  (26 November 1669–5 June 1732) was an English priest.

Crosse was born in Thurloxton and educated at Trinity College, Oxford. He was appointed a Fellow of New College, Oxford in 1691. He held livings at Broughton, Oxfordshire and Ledbury. He became a Canon of Hereford Cathedral in 1724, and Archdeacon of Shropshire in 1727, dying in post.

Thurloxton
Thurloxton is a village and civil parish 5 miles (8 km) north-east of Taunton, and 5 miles south-west of Bridgwater on the south-eastern slopes of the Quantock Hills in the county of Somerset, England.
Kazimierz Czartoryski
Prince Kazimierz Czartoryski (4 March 1674 – 31 August 1741) was a Polish–Lithuanian nobleman, Duke of Klewań and Żuków.

Kazimierz became Deputy cup-bearer of Lithuania in 1699, Grand Treasurer of Lithuania in 1707–1709, nominated by King Stanisław Leszczyński. He was also Deputy Chancellor of Lithuania in 1712–1724. Castellan of Vilnius since 1724 and starost of Krzemieniec, Wieliż and Uświaty.

He founded the "Familia" during the interregnum in 1696–1699. He supported the candidature of François Louis, Prince of Conti for the Polish throne in 1697.

François Louis, Prince of Conti
François Louis de Bourbon, le Grand Conti (30 April 1664 – 22 February 1709), was Prince de Conti, succeeding his brother, Louis Armand de Bourbon, in 1685. Until this date, he used the title of Prince of La Roche-sur-Yon. He was proclaimed as the King of Poland in 1697. He is the most famous member of the Conti family, a cadet branch of the Princes of Condé. As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon, he was a prince du sang.
Filmy dome spider
The filmy dome spider (Neriene radiata) is a sheet weaver: a spider in the family Linyphiidae with a holarctic distribution. These spiders construct a dome of fine spider silk and hang upside-down under it, waiting for their prey. It is a preferential host for the kleptoparasitic Argyrodes trigonum.

Neriene radiata, mating behaviour

Male and female filmy dome spiders (Neriene radiata) mating

Holarctic realm
The Holarctic realm is a biogeographic realm that comprises the majority of habitats found throughout the continents in the Northern Hemisphere. It corresponds to the floristic Boreal kingdom. It includes both the Nearctic zoogeographical region (which covers most of North America), and Alfred Wallace's Palearctic zoogeographical region (which covers  North Africa, and all of Eurasia except for  Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and the southern Arabian Peninsula).

These  regions are further subdivided into a variety of ecoregions. Many ecosystems and the animal and plant communities that depend on them extend across a number of continents and cover large portions of the Holarctic realm. This continuity is the result of those regions’ shared glacial history.
Chūō-ku, Hamamatsu
Chūō-ku (中央区, Chūō-ku) is one of the three wards of Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan, located in the south part of the city. It encompasses the site of Hamamatsu Castle, Lake Hamana and Hamamatsu Station, the central business and residential district. Although its area is the smallest of the three wards of Hamamatsu, it has by far the largest population. It is bordered by Hamana-ku, Kosai, Shizuoka, and Iwata, Shizuoka.

Lake Hamana
Lake Hamana (浜名湖, Hamana-ko) is a brackish lagoon in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan.  Formerly a true lake, it is now connected to the Pacific Ocean by a channel.  As an internal body of water, it is considered Japan's tenth-largest lake (by area). It spans the boundaries of the cities of Hamamatsu and Kosai.
William K. Carroll
William K. Carroll (born 1952), also known as Bill Carroll, is a professor of Sociology at the University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. He is known for his work on interlocking directorates, corporate power and social movements.

Interlocking directorate
Two or more corporations have interlocking directorates when they share members of their boards of directors or each shares directors with a third firm. A person that sits on multiple boards is known as a multiple director. Two firms have a direct interlock if a director or executive of one firm is also a director of the other, and an indirect interlock if a director of each sits on the board of a third firm.

This practice, although widespread and lawful, raises questions about the quality and independence of board decisions. In the United States, antitrust law prohibits interlocking directorates within the same industry over collusion concerns, though legal observers have noted that this has long been unenforced. In 2022, the  Department of Justice signaled it would enforce laws on anti-competitive interlocking directorates, leading to the resignation of seven directors at five companies in October 2022.
Thomas B. Fullerton
Thomas Bushnell "Bingo" Fullerton (June 20, 1890 – December 21, 1952) was an American college football and college basketball coach. He served as the head football coach at Emory and Henry College in Abingdon, Virginia from 1915 to 1916 and from 1920 to 1926. He also served as the school's head men's basketball coach from 1921 to 1930.

Emory and Henry University
Emory & Henry University (E&H or Emory) is a private university in Emory, Virginia, United States. The campus comprises 335 acres (1.36 km2) of Washington County, which is part of the Appalachian highlands of Southwest Virginia. Founded in 1836, Emory & Henry University is the oldest institution of higher learning in Southwest Virginia. The university is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges but was placed on probation in June 2025 because of concerns about the institution's finances.
Ching Hai
Ching Hai (born Trịnh Đăng Huệ; 12 May 1950), commonly referred to as Suma or Supreme Master Ching Hai, is a British citizen of Vietnamese descent; a humanitarian, philanthropist, and the spiritual leader of the Guanyin Famen (Chinese) or Quan Yin method transnational cybersect. The practice had existed predating the common usage of the internet. Based out of Taiwan, she is estimated to have 2 million followers worldwide.
Ching Hai founded the Loving Hut vegan restaurant chain and vegan Celestial Shop fashion company under Supreme Master Ching Hai International Association.

Satguru
Satguru (Sanskrit: सत्गुरु), or sadguru (Sanskrit: सद्गुरु), means a "true guru" in Sanskrit. The term is distinguished from other forms of gurus, such as musical instructors, scriptural teachers, parents, and so on. A satguru has some special characteristics that are not found in any other types of spiritual guru. Satguru is a title given specifically only to an enlightened rishi or sant whose life's purpose is to guide the initiated shishya on the spiritual path, the summation of which is the realization of the Self through realization of God.
Green Sky Zippy Sport
The Green Sky Zippy Sport is an American single-seat single-engined monoplane designed by Ed Fisher of Raceair Designs and marketed for amateur construction by Green Sky Adventures of Hawthorne, Florida.

Rotax 503
The Rotax 503 is a 37 kW (50 hp), inline 2-cylinder, two-stroke aircraft engine, built by BRP-Rotax GmbH & Co. KG of Austria for use in ultralight aircraft.

For decades the engine was one of the most popular and reputedly reliable aircraft engines in its class (two-stroke, under 60 horsepower), and it remains widely used and supported.

As of 2011 the Rotax 503 is no longer in production. However, a Russian manufacturer has developed an approximate reproduction, the RMZ 500.  Rotax subsequently offered only one other two-stroke engine for aircraft, the partially water-cooled Rotax 582.
Rahimpur
Rahimpur is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Nakodar, 21 kilometres (13 mi) from Kapurthala, 22 kilometres (14 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 171 kilometres (106 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administered by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Jalandhar
Jalandhar (IPA: /d͡ʒəːləndə̀ɾᵊ/) is a city in the state of Punjab in India. With a considerable population, it ranks as the third most-populous city in the state and is the largest city in the Doaba region. Jalandhar lies alongside the historical Grand Trunk Road and is a well-connected junction for both rail and road networks. The National Highway 1 (NH1), crosses Jalandhar, further enhancing its connectivity.
James McAdam
James MacAdam (1801, Belfast – 1861) was an Irish naturalist and geologist.

Mcadam was educated at the Royal Belfast Academical Institution, and then at Trinity College Dublin. He had a private geological museum, which included specimens collected during excavations made during the construction of the Irish railways. In 1849 he was appointed the first librarian of Queen's College, Belfast. 
He was a Fellow of the Geological Society, founder member and President of the Belfast Natural History Society and one of the founders of Belfast Botanic Gardens.

His younger brother was his business partner in the Soho Foundry in Townsend Street which they had established in 1846. At its height in the 1850s, the firm had a workforce of 250 and an international reputation for the production of turbine engines (horizontal water wheels developed in France by Benoît Fourneyron). Robert Shipboy MacAdam was an antiquary and leading Irish-language revivalist.

Benoît Fourneyron
Benoît Fourneyron (31 October 1802 – 31 July 1867) was a French engineer, born in Saint-Étienne, Loire. Fourneyron made significant contributions to the development of water turbines.

Benoît Fourneyron was educated at the École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Étienne, a nearby engineering school that had recently opened. After he graduated in 1816, he spent the next few years in mines and ironworks. 
Around this time, a number of French engineers—including some of Fourneyron's former teachers—were starting to apply the mathematical techniques of modern science to the ancient mechanism called the waterwheel.

For centuries, waterwheels had been used to convert the energy of streams into mechanical power, mostly for milling grain. But the new machines of the Industrial Revolution required more power, and by the 1820s there was enormous interest in making waterwheels more efficient.
Holy Cross High School (Pennsylvania)
Holy Cross High School is a Roman Catholic secondary school located in Dunmore, Pennsylvania. It operates under the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Scranton, and is the second largest of four diocesan high schools in Northeastern Pennsylvania. The Holy Cross School System has included five feeder schools since the 2011-2012 school year: All Saints Academy, Scranton; LaSalle Academy, Jessup; Our Lady of Peace, Clarks Summit; St. Clare/St. Paul, Scranton; and St. Mary of Mount Carmel, Dunmore.

Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic Association
The Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic Association, Inc. (PIAA) is the primary governing body of high school and middle school athletics in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. PIAA's main office is located in the Harrisburg suburb of Mechanicsburg.
Briton Ferry
Briton Ferry (Welsh: Llansawel) is a town and community in the county borough of Neath Port Talbot, Wales. The Welsh name may indicate that the church, llan, is protected from the wind, awel. Alternatively, Sawel may be a derivative of Saul, St Paul's earlier name, who, supposedly, once landed at Briton Ferry.  An alternative Welsh name unused today is Rhyd y Brython, a direct translation of Briton Ferry. The Normans referred to the River crossing as La Brittonne and 
Leland in 1540 as Britanne Fery.

John Leland (antiquary)
John Leland or Leyland (13 September, c. 1503 – 18 April 1552) was an English poet and antiquary.

Leland has been described as "the father of English local history and bibliography". His Itinerary provided a unique source of observations and raw materials for many subsequent antiquaries, and introduced the county as the basic unit for studying the local history of England, an idea that has been influential ever since.
Sodium pareth sulfate
Sodium alketh sulfate, known prior to being renamed in 2021 as sodium pareth sulfate, and also as sodium alkylpolyoxyethylene sulfate, is a surfactant found in some detergent products such as hand or body washes, but not as commonly as other chemicals such as sodium laureth sulfate (SLES).  It is the sodium salt of a sulfated polyethylene glycol ether.

In February 2021, the Personal Care Products Council announced a revision of INCI nomenclature that included replacement of the term "pareth" with "alketh" in all INCI names, affecting hundreds of INCI names.

It is produced similarly to SLES starting from fatty alcohols with 10 to 16 carbon atoms.

Polyethylene glycol
Polyethylene glycol (PEG; /ˌpɒliˈɛθəlˌiːn ˈɡlaɪˌkɒl, -ˈɛθɪl-, -ˌkɔːl/) is a polyether compound derived from petroleum with many applications, from industrial manufacturing to medicine. PEG is also known as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyoxyethylene (POE), depending on its molecular weight. The structure of PEG is commonly expressed as H−(O−CH2−CH2)n−OH.

PEG is commonly incorporated into hydrogels which present a functional form for further use.
Satellize
Satellize (formerly known as Exseed Space) is the first private Indian company to have a satellite in space. In December 2018, its first satellite was launched by SpaceX. It launched its second satellite, AISAT (called ExseedSat-2) for a customer, AMSAT (Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation) India on board the fourth stage of the PSLV-C45.

Exseed Innovations was started in 2017 by Mahesh Murthy, Asshar Farhan, and Kris Nair in Hyderabad. Its focus is on "assembly, integration, testing and operation of satellites", and it seeks to "democratize space exploration".

PSLV-C45
The PSLV-C45 is the 47th mission of the Indian Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) program. The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV)-C45 was launched on 1 April 2019 with a payload of 29 satellites, including one for electronic intelligence, along with 28 customer satellites from other countries.
Aspenvale Cemetery
Aspenvale Cemetery is a historic cemetery located at Seven Mile Ford, Smyth County, Virginia. The cemetery consists of three sections, with the most prominent marked by a T-shaped limestone wall and containing the graves of the Preston and Campbell families.  It includes the grave of Revolutionary War General William Campbell (c. 1745–1781) and his wife Elizabeth Henry Campbell Russell (1749–1825), sister of Patrick Henry. William Campbell's remains were originally placed in a marble table tomb erected by his son-in-law, General Francis Preston (1765–1835) in 1823.  It was replaced in 1964.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Francis Preston
Francis Preston (August 2, 1765 – May 26, 1835) was an American lawyer and politician from Abingdon, Virginia. He was the son of Col. William Preston of Virginia, served in both houses of the state legislature, and represented Virginia in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1793 to 1797. Preston had a house built in Abingdon, now called the Martha Washington Inn. In 1795, while residing at Saltville, he constructed the Preston House.

Preston was the father of Isaac Trimble Preston, William Campbell Preston, and John S. Preston and the uncle of William Ballard and William Preston. His daughter Sarah (Sally) Buchanan Preston (1802–1879) married her cousin Virginia Governor John B. Floyd.
The Pleasure Seekers (band)
The Pleasure Seekers was a 1964-founded, all-female rock band from Detroit, Michigan. The band morphed into Cradle, changing direction musically. They are known in large part due to the later prominence of band member Suzi Quatro.

CD Baby
CD Baby, Inc. is a Portland, Oregon based online distributor of independent music. The company was described as an "anti-label" by its parent company's Chief Operating Officer Tracy Maddux. It was established in 1998 and offered distribution for artists in physical and online format, however it discontinued the physical media service and went digital only in June 2023.

In 2018, CD Baby was one of the three companies with preferred partner status with Apple Music. It was home to more than 650,000 artists and nine million tracks that were made available to over 100 digital services and platforms around the globe as of May 2019.
Haa District
27°15′N 89°10′E﻿ / ﻿27.250°N 89.167°E﻿ / 27.250; 89.167

Haa District (Dzongkha: ཧཱ་རྫོང་ཁག།; Wylie: Haa rzong-khag; alternative spellings include "Ha", also called "Hidden-Land Rice Valley.") is one of the 20 dzongkhag or districts comprising Bhutan. It the second least-populated dzongkhag in the country after Gasa.

The most-spoken language of the district is Dzongkha, the official and national language of Bhutan.

The river Haa Chhu, originating at Jomolhari mountain, flows through the district.

Jomolhari
Jomolhari or Chomolhari (Wylie: jo mo lha ri; sometimes known as "the bride of Kangchenjunga”, is a mountain in the Himalayas, straddling the border between Yadong County of Tibet, China and the Paro district of Bhutan. The north face rises over 2,700 metres (8,900 ft) above the barren plains. The mountain is the source of the Paro Chu (Paro river) which flows from the south side and the Amo Chu which flows from the north side.
Hot Time/A. (Answer)
Hot Time  / A.__~answer~ (ホットタイム／A.      〜answer〜) is Japanese singer-songwriter misono's fifth solo single and last single before the release of her debut studio album Never+Land. The single was the artist's first attempt at a double a-side, in which both "Hot Time" and "A.__~answer~" contained music videos. The single debuted at No. 22 on the Oricon charts and remained on the charts for four consecutive weeks.

The single is misono's first release since her weight-loss success on the program Girls meet Beauty, and the music video for "A.__~answer~" was of misono's journey through the program. She would release a different version of a music video for the song on her album never+land.

The Little Match Girl
"The Little Match Girl" (Danish: Den Lille Pige med Svovlstikkerne, meaning "The little girl with the matchsticks") is a literary fairy tale by Danish poet and author Hans Christian Andersen. The story, about a dying child's dreams and hope, was first published in 1845. It has been adapted to various media, including animated, live-action, and VR films as well as television musicals and opera.
Space weathering
Space weathering is the type of weathering that occurs to any object exposed to the harsh environment of outer space.  Bodies without atmospheres (including the Moon, Mercury, the asteroids, comets, and most of the moons of other planets) take on many weathering processes:

collisions of galactic cosmic rays and solar cosmic rays,

irradiation, implantation, and sputtering from solar wind particles, and

bombardment by different sizes of meteorites and micrometeorites.

Space weathering is important because these processes affect the physical and optical properties of the surface of many planetary bodies.  Therefore, it is critical to understand the effects of space weathering in order to properly interpret remotely sensed data.

Nanophase material
Nanophase materials are materials that have grain sizes under 100 nanometres. They have different mechanical and optical properties compared to the large grained materials of the same chemical composition.

Transparency and different transparent colours can be achieved with nanophase materials by varying the grain size.