hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Otoniel Gonzaga (tenor singer)
Otoniel Gonzaga (July 31, 1942 – January 13, 2018) was an internationally renowned Filipino tenor singer. He was involved in concerts in collaboration with Filipino singers and musical artists. He also worked with prominent conductors such as Pablo Casals, Herbert von Karajan, Giuseppe Patane, Eugene Ormandy, Max Rudolf, Alberto Erede, Sir John Pritchard and Michael Gielen.

Herbert von Karajan
Herbert von Karajan (German: [ˈhɛʁbɛʁt fɔn ˈka(ː)ʁajan] ⓘ; born Heribert Adolf Ernst Karajan; 5 April 1908 – 16 July 1989) was an Austrian conductor. He was principal conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic for 34 years. During the Nazi era, he debuted at the Salzburg Festival, with the Vienna Philharmonic, the Berlin Philharmonic, and during World War II he conducted at the Berlin State Opera. Generally regarded as one of the greatest conductors of the 20th century, he was a controversial but dominant figure in European classical music from the mid-1950s until his death. Part of the reason for this was the large number of recordings he made and their prominence during his lifetime. By one estimate, he sold 200 million records.
Losing It (book)
Losing It: And Gaining My Life Back One Pound at a Time is the best-selling autobiography of actress Valerie Bertinelli released on February 25, 2008, by Free Press.

In the memoir, Bertinelli confesses to cocaine use and infidelity. She also writes about her relationship with film director Steven Spielberg and marriage to rock star Eddie Van Halen.  In addition to revealing her past indiscretions, the autobiography focuses on how she became  clean, lost weight, and conquered her other personal demons.

Bertinelli promoted the book with an hour on The Oprah Winfrey Show. Losing It spent three weeks at #1 on the adult non-fiction section of the New York Times Best Seller list.

Eddie Van Halen
Edward Lodewijk Van Halen (/væn ˈheɪlən/ van HAY-lən, Dutch: [ˈɛtʋɑrt ˈloːdəʋɛik fɑn ˈɦaːlə(n)]; January 26, 1955 – October 6, 2020) was an American musician. He was the guitarist, keyboardist, backing vocalist and one of the primary songwriters of the rock band Van Halen, which he founded with his brother Alex Van Halen in 1972.

Van Halen is widely regarded as one of the greatest guitarists in rock history, and was well-known for popularizing the tapping guitar technique, allowing rapid arpeggios to be played with two hands on the fretboard. Eddie Van Halen was voted number one in a Guitar World Magazine poll for "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" poll. Rolling Stone ranked Van Halen 4th in its list of the "250 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" in 2023.

Van Halen dealt with numerous health issues beginning in the 1990s. On October 6, 2020, Van Halen died of a stroke at Saint John's Health Center in Santa Monica, California at the age of 65.
Merlin G. Butler
Merlin G. Butler is an American physician scientist and professor at the University of Kansas Medical Center's Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics. He is board-certified in Clinical Genetics and Clinical Cytogenetics and was inducted into the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics in 1993 as a founding fellow. He has over 500 publications in peer-reviewed journals, numerous book chapters.

American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics
The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) is an organization composed of biochemical, clinical, cytogenetic, medical and molecular geneticists, genetic counselors and other health care professionals committed to the practice of medical genetics.
Uropa Lula
Uropa Lula were a British pop group, consisting of David Lloyd (vocals and guitar), Allan Dias (bass guitar), Pete Fromm (keyboards), Andrew Edge (drums/percussion), Chester Kamen (guitar), and Carol Isaacs (keyboards). The group were managed by Hilde Swendgaard. The group signed a recording contract with Arista Records in 1982.

Chester Kamen
Chester Kamen is an English session guitarist, whose work has included performing with Paul McCartney, Bryan Ferry, Bob Geldof, Natalie Imbruglia, Madonna, Duran Duran, Robbie Williams, Roger Waters, David Gilmour, Seal, Massive Attack, Kirsty MacColl, Belouis Some and Gabrielle.
Ossip Bernstein
Ossip Samoilovich Bernstein (20 September 1882 – 30 November 1962) was a French chess player and businessman. He was one of the inaugural recipients of the title International Grandmaster from FIDE in 1950.

Old Indian Defense
The Old Indian Defense is a chess opening defined by the moves:

1. d4 Nf6

2. c4 d6

This opening is distinguished from the King's Indian Defense in that Black develops their king's bishop on e7 rather than by fianchetto on g7. Mikhail Chigorin pioneered this defense late in his career.

The Old Indian is considered sound, though developing the bishop at e7 is less active than the fianchetto, and it has never attained the popularity of the King's Indian. Some King's Indian players will use the Old Indian to avoid certain anti-King's Indian systems, such as the Sämisch and Averbakh Variations.

The opening is classified in the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings with the codes A53–A55.
Chibafruime
Chibafruime, also spelled as Chibrafruime, was a minor deity in the religion of the Muisca. It was the god of war. Mythological tales about Chibafruime have been noted in Bojacá, Bosa, Guatavita, Turmequé and Cajicá.

Little is known about Chibafruime and his appearance, which may have been in the shape of a jaguar. The Muisca were more traders than warriors. Their negotiation skills were admired by the conquistadors who made first contact with the Muisca.

Scholar Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita has provided the little information about Chibafruime.

Cajicá
Cajicá is a municipality and town of Colombia in the department of Cundinamarca, 39 km (24 mi) north of the capital Bogotá. It is located in the Central Savanna Province, being the third most populous municipality in the province after Zipaquirá and Chía. It is bordered by the municipalities of Zipaquirá to the north, Sopó to the east, Chía to the south, and Tabio to the west. The town is located at an altitude of 2,558 metres (8,392 ft) and has an average temperature of 14 °C (57 °F).
Yakub I of Germiyan
Yakub I (died c. 1340) was the founder of the beylik of Germiyan, located in western Anatolia around Kütahya. Although Germiyan revolted against Mesud II (r. 1284–97, 1303–8), the Sultan of Rum, Yakub accepted vassalage under Kayqubad III (r. 1298–1302). The Sultanate of Rum disintegrated shortly after. At that point, Yakub's realm extended as far east as Ankara and incorporated various towns taken from the Byzantine Empire and the Catalan Company. Yakub was the suzerain of many of his neighbors, and his reign was described as economically prosperous by contemporary historians. He was succeeded by his son Mehmed, nicknamed Chakhshadan.

Anatolian beyliks
Anatolian beyliks (Turkish: Anadolu beylikleri, Ottoman Turkish: Tavâif-i mülûk, Beylik; Turkish pronunciation: [bejlic]) were Turkish principalities (or petty kingdoms) in Anatolia governed by beys, the first of which were founded at the end of the 11th century. A second and more extensive period of establishment took place as a result of the decline of the Seljuq Sultanate of Rûm in the latter half of the 13th century.

One of the beyliks, that of the Osmanoğlu of the Kayı branch of Oghuz Turks, from its capital in Bursa completed its incorporation of the other beyliks to form the Ottoman Empire by the late 15th century.

The word beylik denotes a territory under the jurisdiction of a bey, equivalent to a duchy or principality in other parts of Europe.
Telangana State Northern Power Distribution Company Limited
Northern Power Distribution Company of Telangana Limited, abbreviated as TGNPDCL , is the electricity distribution company owned by the government of Telangana for the 18 northern districts of Telangana with Hanumakonda as the headquarters.

Government of Telangana
The Government of Telangana is the  governing authority of the state of Telangana in India. It consists of an executive, a judiciary and a legislative.

The state government is headed by the Governor of Telangana as the nominal head of state, with a democratically elected Chief Minister as the real head of the executive. The governor who is appointed for five years appoints the chief minister and his council of ministers. Even though the governor remains the ceremonial head of the state, the day-to-day running of the government is taken care of by the chief minister and his council of ministers in whom a great deal of legislative powers are vested. The state government maintains its capital at Hyderabad and is seated at the Government Secretariat or the Sachivalayam.

The Government of Telangana was formed on 2 June 2014 after bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh as part of Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014.
Tiefenbach, Rhineland-Palatinate
Tiefenbach (German pronunciation: [ˈtiːfn̩bax]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen, whose seat is in Simmern. Today's Tiefenbach grew together from two centres named Untertiefenbach and Obertiefenbach.

Simmern-Rheinböllen
Simmern-Rheinböllen is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Simmern. It was formed on 1 January 2020 by the merger of the former Verbandsgemeinden Simmern and Rheinböllen.

The Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):
Sinopharm Group
Sinopharm Group Co., Ltd. is a Chinese pharmaceutical company. The parent company of Sinopharm Group was Sinopharm Industrial Investment, a 51–49 joint venture of state-owned enterprise China National Pharmaceutical Group and civilian-run enterprise Fosun Pharmaceutical.

Its H shares were listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 2009, with its IPO price of HK$16 per share. Sinopharm Group's subsidiary Sinopharm CNMC and Sinopharm Accord served as the A share counterpart of the company. However, the A share of Sinopharm Group itself was unlisted.

Sinopharm Group was ranked 829th in 2016 Forbes Global 2000 list.

Civilian-run enterprise
Civilian-run enterprise is a type of company or enterprise to describe a non-state-owned enterprise (state-owned enterprise including companies owned by the state, the central and regional government) in the People's Republic of China. A privately held company is a type of civilian-run enterprise. However, there is no proper legal definition of "civilian-run enterprise" in China. It is considered to be a special term in the Economy of China (Minqi, Chinese: 民企; pinyin: Mínqǐ) or Chinese: 民营企业; pinyin: Mínyíng qǐyè). The translation of the term "Minqi" was difficult, as stated by Ye Dong, a Chinese businessman during an interview by the Chinese-language version of the Financial Times.

A civilian-run enterprise may be a publicly traded company or a privately held company (any company that is not owned by a government nor listed on the stock exchange). If the company is listed in Hong Kong (and incorporated outside mainland China), it would be referred to as a P chip.
Commonwealth Edison
Commonwealth Edison, commonly known by syllabic abbreviation as ComEd, is the largest electric utility in Illinois, and the primary electric provider in Chicago and much of Northern Illinois. Its service territory stretches roughly from  Iroquois County on the south to the Wisconsin border on the north and from the Iowa border on the west to the Indiana border on the east.  For more than 100 years, Commonwealth Edison has been the primary electric delivery services company for Northern Illinois. Today, ComEd is a unit of Chicago-based Exelon Corporation, one of the nation's largest electric and gas utility holding companies. ComEd provides electric service to more than 3.8 million customers across Northern Illinois. The company's revenues totaled more than $7 billion in 2023.

As of 2015, ComEd has interconnections with We Energies, ITC Midwest, Ameren, American Electric Power, Northern Indiana Public Service, and MidAmerican Energy Company (MEC).

ITC Transmission
ITC Holdings Corporation (doing business as ITC Transmission) is an American energy company which owns and operates high-voltage electricity transmission networks. Headquartered in Novi, Michigan, ITC has operations in Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wisconsin. The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Canadian energy company Fortis Inc.
John Daly (Gaelic footballer)
John Daly is a Gaelic footballer who plays for the Mountbellew–Moylough club and at senior level for the Galway county team.

He is the son of Val Daly, who also played for Galway and was also a manager.

John Daly played for Galway in the 2022 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final. The referee Sean Hurson took him to task in the closing stages and Jim McGuinness said this was unfair afterwards. Daly won an All Star Award at the end of the season, joining his father as a recipient.

Sean Hurson
Sean Hurson is a Gaelic football referee. He is a member of the Galbally Pearses club in County Tyrone. He was appointed to referee the 2022 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final, becoming the first Tyrone man to do so since Paddy Devlin oversaw the 1974 final.

Hurson was later appointed to referee the 2024 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final.
Luckman
Luckman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrian Luckman, 20th and 21st century British glaciologist and professor of geology

Andrew Luckman (born 1972), retired British sport shooter, brother of David Luckman

Arthur Luckman (1857–1921), Anglican Archdeacon of Calcutta from 1907 to 1911

Charles Luckman (1909–1999), American businessman, property developer, and architect

David Luckman (born 1976), British sport shooter

Ernest Luckman (1926–1988), English rugby league footballer

Paul Luckman, one of two Australian soldiers who murdered a teenage boy in 1982

Sid Luckman (1916–1998), American football player

Murder of Peter Aston
On 4 May 1982, Australian Army personnel Robin Reid, then aged 34, and Nicole Louise Pearce (birth name Paul Wayne Luckman), 17, kidnapped two 13-year-old boys, Peter Aston and Terry Ryan, on the Gold Coast, Queensland. Reid and Pearce then drove the boys at gun and knife point to Kingscliff, New South Wales, where they were beaten, tortured, and sexually assaulted, before Aston was ultimately murdered.
Thai tea
Thai tea (Thai: ชาไทย, RTGS: cha thai, pronounced [t͡ɕʰāː tʰāj]) is a Thai drink made from Ceylon black tea, milk, and sugar. Thai tea as consumed in Thailand is not typically brewed with spices, though many English language recipes inspired by Thai tea include ingredients such as star anise or cardamom to enhance the flavor. It is served either hot or cold. Thai tea is popular in Southeast Asia and is served in many restaurants that serve Thai food. When served cold it is known as Thai iced tea (ชาเย็น, cha yen, [t͡ɕʰāː jēn] ⓘ; lit. 'cold tea'). Although Thai tea normally refers to Thai iced tea, there are also other kinds of tea which can be referred to as Thai tea. For instance, the Thai traditional herbal tea which is formulated based on Thai traditional medicine can also be called Thai tea. Thai Oolong tea, which is oolong tea steamed with ginger (Zingiber officinale), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), and celery, can also be referred to as Thai tea.

Cardamom
Cardamom (/ˈkɑːrdəməm/), sometimes cardamon or cardamum, is a spice made from the seeds of several plants in the genera Elettaria and Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae. Both genera are native to the Indian subcontinent and Indonesia. They are recognized by their small seed pods: triangular in cross-section and spindle-shaped, with a thin, papery outer shell and small, black seeds; Elettaria pods are light green and smaller, while Amomum pods are dark brown and larger.

Species used for cardamom are native throughout tropical and subtropical Asia. The first references to cardamom are found in Sumer, and in Ayurveda. In the 21st century, it is cultivated mainly in India, Indonesia, and Guatemala.
University of the State of Pennsylvania
The institution now known as the University of Pennsylvania was founded as a secondary school in Philadelphia in 1740. By the time the American Revolution commenced, it had grown to include a college and medical school called the College of Philadelphia.

While it operated under a state charter, it was a private institution with its own board of trustees, many of whom were Loyalists, and when the revolutionary government of Pennsylvania regained control Philadelphia following the British occupation of it in 1777 and 1778,.

It rechartered the institution as the "University of the State of Pennsylvania," appointed new trustees, and dismissed Provost William Smith. In 1789, following repeated lawsuits by Smith and the original trustees, the state restored the college's charter, but the university continued to operate on the original campus. The two competing institutions merged in 1791, forming the University of Pennsylvania.

Provost (education)
A provost is a senior academic administrator. At many institutions of higher education, the provost is the chief academic officer, a role that may be combined with being deputy to the chief executive officer. In some institutions, they may be the chief executive officer of a university, of a branch campus of a university, or of a college within a university.
Gary Doyle
Gary Doyle (born January 6, 1949, in Smiths Falls, Ontario) is a former professional ice hockey goaltender.  He was selected in the fifth round of the 1969 NHL Amateur Draft, 56th overall, by the Montreal Canadiens, but he never played in the NHL.  Doyle spent one season at the University of Ottawa, and three seasons in the minor professional leagues (WHL, CHL, SHL).  Doyle did, however, play one game for the Edmonton Oilers of the WHA.

Doyle played his amateur career in the OHA, playing for the Ottawa 67's in their first year of competition.  After his retirement he became involved in municipal politics, eventually becoming county warden of Lanark County, Ontario.

Southern Hockey League (1973–1977)
The Southern Hockey League was a low-level minor professional ice hockey league that operated from 1973 to 1977. The league was formed when the Eastern Hockey League split in two; the southern teams became the Southern Hockey League, and the northern teams became the North American Hockey League. It was the first professional hockey league to operate wholly within the Southern United States, and followed the establishment of the Atlanta Flames in the National Hockey League; and also the Richmond Robins and the Tidewater Wings in the American Hockey League. The Southern Hockey League was a feeder league for the recently started World Hockey Association. Tedd Munchak was appointed the league's first commissioner, and was owner of the Greensboro Generals. The championship trophy of the league was named the James Crockett Cup, after local figure Jim Crockett Sr. The league disbanded during its fourth season, when four of its seven teams folded due to financial issues.
Horsefly Lake
Horsefly Lake is a lake in the eastern Cariboo region of the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada. With a maximum depth of 632 feet (193 m), it is one of the Cariboo's deepest lakes.  It lies at the head of the little Horsefly River, a tributary of the Horsefly River, and is one of several large lakes at the verge of the Cariboo Plateau (W) and the Cariboo Mountains (E); Quesnel Lake, the largest of those, is to its north and northwest.  The lake's name first appeared on maps with Joseph Trutch's 1871 publication, and is credited with being so named because of the preponderance of horseflies in the area during summer.

Horsefly Lake Provincial Park is located on its northwestern shore.

Cariboo Mountains
The Cariboo Mountains are the northernmost subrange of the Columbia Mountains, which run down into the Spokane area of the United States and include the Selkirks, Monashees and Purcells.  The Cariboo Mountains are entirely within the province of British Columbia, Canada.  The range is 7,700 square kilometres (3,000 sq mi) in area and about 245 km in length (southeast–northwest) and about 90 km at its widest (southwest–northeast).
NGC 17
NGC 17, also known as NGC 34, is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It is the result of a merger between two disk galaxies, resulting in a recent starburst in the central regions and continuing starforming activity. The galaxy is still gas-rich, and has a single galactic nucleus. It lies 250 million light years away. It was discovered in 1886 by Frank Muller and then observed again later that year by Lewis Swift.

Due to the major merger event NGC 17 has no defined spiral arms like the Milky Way  galaxy. Unlike the Milky Way, the center bar nucleus is also distorted. The merger destroyed any galactic habitable zone that may have been there before the merger. For the Milky Way, the galactic habitable zone is commonly believed to be an annulus with an outer radius of about 10 kiloparsecs and an inner radius close to the Galactic Center, both of which lack hard boundaries.

Annulus (mathematics)
In mathematics, an annulus (pl.: annuli or annuluses) is the region between two concentric circles. Informally, it is shaped like a ring or a hardware washer. The word "annulus" is borrowed from the Latin word anulus or annulus meaning 'little ring'. The adjectival form is annular (as in annular eclipse).

The open annulus is topologically equivalent to both the open cylinder S1 × (0,1) and the punctured plane.
Leopard darter
The leopard darter (Percina pantherina) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is native to the United States, where it can be found only in the Little River drainage in Oklahoma and Arkansas. Its typical habitat is medium to large streams with rubble and boulder substrate. It feeds on small invertebrates on the riverbed and spawns mainly in March and April. It is threatened by impoundment, habitat loss and runoff from agricultural activities. It has never been a common species and has been listed as a threatened species in the United States since 1978, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature lists it as a "vulnerable species".

Sander (fish)
Sander (formerly known as Stizostedion) is a genus of predatory ray-finned fish in the family Percidae, which also includes the perches, ruffes, and darters. They are also known as "pike-perch" because of their resemblance to fish in the unrelated Esocidae (pike) family. They are the only genus in the monotypic tribe Luciopercini, which is one of two tribes in the subfamily Luciopercinae.

The earliest known fossils of this genus are partial jaw and vertebrae elements from the middle Miocene (Barstovian)-aged Wood Mountain Formation of Saskatchewan, Canada.