hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Devia xeromorpha
Devia is a genus of plants in the family Iridaceae first described in 1990. It contains only one known species, Devia xeromorpha, endemic to the southwestern part of Cape Province in South Africa. The genus was named in honour of the South African botanist and academic, Miriam Phoebe de Vos.: 359

Cape Province
The Province of the Cape of Good Hope (Afrikaans: Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as "the Cape Province" (Afrikaans: Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as "The Cape" (Afrikaans: Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of South Africa. It encompassed the old Cape Colony, as well as Walvis Bay, and had Cape Town as its capital. In 1994, the Cape Province was divided into the new Eastern Cape, Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces, along with part of the North West.
Rodrigo Lorenzoni
Rodrigo Marques Lorenzoni (born 23 June 1979) is a Brazilian politician. He has been a member of the Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Sul since 2022, having previously served from 2019 to 2020. He is the son of Onyx Lorenzoni.

Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Sul
The Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Sul (Portuguese: Assembleia Legislativa do Rio Grande do Sul) is the regional parliament of Rio Grande do Sul, a federative unit in Brazil. It has 55 state deputies elected every 4 years.
Batu Kawa
Batu Kawah is a modern city township area that located nearby Kuching City in Kuching Division, state of Sarawak in Malaysia. This city township area is administratively under the Padawan Municipal Council (MPP). The Pan Borneo Highway passing through the area links Kuching City with Bau, Lundu and Sematan further west. This place is truly known to have many hornet nests and pineapple plantation in the past.

Mukim
A mukim is a type of administrative division used in Brunei, the Indonesian province of Aceh (see Mukim (Aceh)), Malaysia and Singapore. The word mukim is a loanword in English. However, it was also originally a loanword in Malay from the Arabic word: مقيم (meaning resident). The closest English translation for mukim is township.
Christmas ham
A Christmas ham, or Yule ham, is a ham often served for Christmas dinner or during Yule in Northern Europe and the Anglosphere. The style of preparation varies widely by place and time.

The tradition of eating ham is thought to have evolved from the Germanic pagan ritual of sacrificing a wild boar known as a sonargöltr to the Norse god Freyr during harvest festivals.

Anglosphere
The Anglosphere, also known as the Anglo-American world, is a sphere of influence among Anglophone countries. The core group of this sphere of influence comprises five developed countries that maintain close social, cultural, political, economic, and military ties with each other: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Anglosphere countries are generally aligned with each other on global issues and collaborate extensively in matters of security, as exemplified by alliances like Five Eyes. The core countries of the Anglosphere are either NATO members or designated by the United States as major non-NATO allies.
Autodromo Riccardo Paletti
Autodromo Riccardo Paletti is a race track for motorsports near Varano in the Province of Parma, Italy, about 30 km (19 mi) southwest of Parma. The track began as a small 550 m (0.34 mi) oval in 1969, and this was then expanded to a full 1.800 km (1.118 mi), 11 turn race track. This new layout was inaugurated officially on 26 March 1972. The track is named after Formula One driver Riccardo Paletti (1958–1982), who was killed at the 1982 Canadian Grand Prix.

In 2001 the layout was extended to a length of 2.375 km (1.476 mi). However, the layout length was decreased to 2.360 km (1.466 mi) in 2010, then 2.350 km (1.460 mi) in 2011.

1982 Canadian Grand Prix
The 1982 Canadian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on 13 June 1982. It was the eighth race of the 1982 Formula One World Championship. This was the first Canadian Grand Prix to be held in June, the organisers having moved the race from the autumn to allow for warmer weather; it has been held in June ever since.

The 70-lap race was won by Nelson Piquet, driving a Brabham-BMW. It was the first Formula One victory for a BMW-engined car, but the only victory of the season for defending Drivers' Champion Piquet. Team-mate Riccardo Patrese finished second in an older Brabham-Ford, with John Watson third in a McLaren-Ford.
Patrick Shanahan (Medal of Honor)
Patrick Shanahan (November 6, 1867 – December 7, 1937) was a United States Navy sailor who received the Medal of Honor. He was presented the medal on 7 April 1901 while serving on the USS Essex. (Logbook 46 of USS Essex, NA, Washington DC)

USS Essex (1874)
USS Essex was an Enterprise-class wooden-hulled armed naval steam sloop of war. She was built between 1874 and 1876 by Donald McKay at the Kitter Naval Yard of East Boston, Massachusetts. She was commissioned on 3 October 1876 by the United States Navy. On 23 December 1930 Essex was sold for scrap, and on 14 October 1931 she was taken to the beach just outside Duluth Harbor where they set fire to her; she eventually burned to the waterline. On 14 April 1994 the remains of Essex were listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Her partially surviving hulk is significant because she is the only known remnant of the work of master shipbuilder McKay.
The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover (soundtrack)
The Cook The Thief His Wife & Her Lover is the twelfth album release by Michael Nyman and the ninth to feature the Michael Nyman Band.  It is the soundtrack to the eponymous film by Peter Greenaway.  The album includes the first commercially released recording of Memorial (Greenaway heard a radio recording of the original performance that has not been commercially released), and this is the only piece discussed in the liner notes, to the point that the lyric sheet for "Miserere" (based on Psalm 51), the song which Pup the kitchen boy sings, is misidentified "Memorial."  "Book Depository" is one of Nyman's many waltzes.

Peter Greenaway
Peter Greenaway, CBE (born 5 April 1942) is a British filmmaker and visual artist.

Greenaway's notable feature films include The Draughtsman's Contract (1982), The Belly of an Architect (1987), The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover (1989), Prospero's Books (1991), and Nightwatching (2007). He has also created works in other mediums, notably the multimedia Tulse Luper Suitcases, documentaries, and several video installations. In 2014, he received the BAFTA Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema Award.

Greenaway's films are noted for the distinct influence of Renaissance and Baroque painting, and Mannerist painting in particular. Common traits in his films are the scenic composition and illumination and the contrasts of costume and nudity, nature and architecture, furniture and people, sexual pleasure and painful death. The BFI's Screenonline describes him as "a philosopher of cinema," and "an artist who is a believer in the subversive power of the image."
Philoliche
Philoliche is a genus of long-tongued horse-flies found in the Old World. It is placed in the tribe Philolichini. The clade is thought to have originated about 40 million years ago and the 120 or more species are thought to have originated in Africa and expanded into Asia. The plants that they pollinate tend to have elongate corolla tubes.

The species Philoliche longirostris is noted for having the longest extension of the labium, used by males and females to obtain nectar. Females obtain blood from vertebrates using the shorter feeding tube (or syntrophium) that is hidden at the base of the labium.

Carl Peter Thunberg
Carl Peter Thunberg, also known as Karl Peter von Thunberg, Carl Pehr Thunberg, or Carl Per Thunberg (11 November 1743 – 8 August 1828), was a Swedish naturalist and an "apostle" of Carl Linnaeus. After studying under Linnaeus at Uppsala University, he spent seven years travelling in southern Africa and Asia, collecting and describing many plants and animals new to European science, and observing local cultures. He has been called "the father of South African botany", "pioneer of Occidental Medicine in Japan", and the "Japanese Linnaeus".
Rectory Rangers F.C.
Rectory Rangers Football Club is an intermediate-level football club playing in the Intermediate B division of the Mid-Ulster Football League in Northern Ireland. They play home games at Brownstown Park in Portadown, County Armagh. The club, which plays in the Irish Cup, forms part of the Mid-Ulster Football Association.

Irish Cup
The Irish Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly referred to as the Irish Cup (currently known as the Clearer Water Irish Cup for sponsorship purposes) is the primary football knockout cup competition in Northern Ireland. Inaugurated in 1881, it is the fourth-oldest national cup competition in the world. Prior to the break-away from the Irish Football Association by clubs from what would become the Irish Free State in 1921, the Irish Cup was the national cup competition for the whole of Ireland.

Since 3 October 2023, the cup has been sponsored by Clearer Water. It was previously sponsored by Nationwide Building Society, Bass Ireland Ltd, JJB Sports, Tennent's Lager and Sadler's Peaky Blinder and Samuel Gelston's Irish Whiskey.

Dungannon Swifts are the current holders after defeating Cliftonville 4–3 on penalties in the 2025 final.
Historic ferries in Oregon
Historic ferries in Oregon are water transport ferries that operated in Oregon Country, Oregon Territory, and the state of Oregon, United States. They allowed people to cross bodies of water, primarily rivers such as the Willamette in the Willamette Valley and the Columbia, to transport goods, move people, and facilitate communication until permanent bridges were built for faster crossings. Early ferries were used by wagons and pedestrians, while later ones transported trains and then automobiles. Oregon still has a few automobile ferries in operation.

Oregon Territory
The Territory of Oregon was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from August 14, 1848, until February 14, 1859, when the southwestern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Oregon. Originally claimed by several countries (see Oregon Country), Spanish "El Orejón" was part of the Nootka Territory (1789–1795), later in the 19th century, the region was divided between the British Empire and the US in 1846. When established, the territory encompassed an area that included the current states of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, as well as parts of Wyoming and Montana. The capital of the territory was first Oregon City, then Salem, followed briefly by Corvallis, then back to Salem, which became the state capital upon Oregon's admission to the Union.
Burton Gilliam
Burton Gilliam (born August 9, 1938) is an American actor. He is best known for memorable roles in several popular 1970s movies such as Blazing Saddles and Paper Moon, as well as comedic cameos
in Back to the Future, Part III (1990) and Honeymoon in Vegas.

Telefon (film)
Telefon is a 1977 spy film directed by Don Siegel and starring Charles Bronson, Lee Remick and Donald Pleasence. The screenplay by Peter Hyams and Stirling Silliphant is based on the 1975 novel by Walter Wager.
Shrewsbury sauce
Shrewsbury sauce is an English savoury pouring sauce, thought to have originated in the West Midlands town of Shrewsbury. The main ingredients to the sauce are red wine, redcurrants, tomato puree (giving the sauce its traditional, bright red appearance), rosemary, mustard (powder) and stock. Traditionally used as an accompaniment for lamb, the sauce has since found use in other dishes due to its popularity.

Redcurrant
The redcurrant or red currant (Ribes rubrum) is a member of the genus Ribes in the family Grossulariaceae. It is native to western Europe. The species is widely cultivated and has escaped into the wild in many regions.
Jamie Stevenson (orienteer)
Jamie Stevenson (born 25 March 1975) is a British orienteering champion. In 2003 he won the gold medal in the sprint distance at the World Orienteering Championships. He was the first and, to-date, the only British male orienteering world champion (Yvette Baker won the short distance race at the 1999 world championships).

Stevenson won a second individual world championship medal in Denmark in 2006, with a third place in the middle distance category.

He also holds two world relay medals running the anchor leg for Great Britain: Bronze in 2003 and Gold in 2008.

2008 World Orienteering Championships
The 2008 World Orienteering Championships, the 25th World Orienteering Championships, were held in Olomouc in the Czech Republic, 10–20 July 2008.

The championships had eight events; sprint for men and women, middle distance for men and women, long distance (formerly called individual or classic distance) for men and women, and relays for men and women.
Nicolás Pereda
Nicolás Pereda (born 1982) is a Mexican-Canadian film director. His films regularly blend aspects and techniques of both narrative fiction and documentary filmmaking. His films include Where Are Their Stories? (2007), Summer of Goliath (2010), Tales of Two Who Dreamt (2016), Fauna (2020), Lázaro at Night (2024), and Copper (2025).

Mexican Canadians
Mexican Canadians (Spanish: canadienses mexicanos, French: Canadiens mexicains) are Canadian citizens of Mexican origin, either through birth or ethnicity, who reside in Canada. According to the 2021 Census, 155,380 Canadians indicated they were of full or partial Mexican ancestry (0.42% of the country's population). They are part of the broader Latin American Canadian community.

While the Mexican-origin population in Canada is relatively small, Canada has the third largest Mexican population after the United States and Mexico. Nevertheless, Canada's Mexican population is far behind that of the United States, where, as of 2021, there were 38.2 million people of Mexican ancestry, comprising 12.2% of the population.

As the Canadian Hispanic population is estimated as per 2023 at being over 3% of the population, twice from what it was in 2016, the Mexican population most likely had risen as well along with people of other Latin American groups.
Girardeau
Girardeau is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arnett E. Girardeau (1929–2017), American dentist and politician

Émile Girardeau (1882–1970), French engineer

Isabella Girardeau, opera soprano in the 1711 premiere of Rinalso

John Girardeau (1825–1898), American Presbyterian minister and theologian

Marvin D. Girardeau (1930–2015), quantum physicist and research professor at the University of Arizona

John Girardeau
John Lafayette Girardeau (14 November 1825 – 23 June 1898) was a Reformed theologian and minister in the Presbyterian Church in the United States. He is notable as a Calvinist defender of libertarianism, the teaching that Adam, as the representative man, could have chosen between alternatives, and that he could have chosen differently in the pre-fall state, rather than a determinist or compatibilist view.

He was a professor of systematic theology at Columbia Theological Seminary in South Carolina.
Maddalena (Genoa)
Maddalena (Ligurian: Madænn-a) is a neighbourhood in the old town of the Italian city of Genoa. It was one of the six sestieri of ancient Genoa. At present it is part of Municipio I (Centro Est) of Great Genoa.

Located close to the old harbour it had been for many centuries the seat of the economical power of the city.

House of Spinola
The House of Spinola, or Spinola family, was a prominent Genoese noble family that played a leading role in the Republic of Genoa. Their influence reached its height during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.
Inta Kļimoviča
Inta Kļimoviča (born 14 December 1951) is a Soviet Latvian athlete who competed mainly in the 400 metres.

Born Inta Drēviņa, Kļimoviča trained at VSS Varpa in Riga. She competed for the USSR in the 1976 Summer Olympics held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada in the 4 × 400 metres where she won the bronze medal with her teammates Lyudmila Aksyonova, Natalya Sokolova and Nadezhda Ilyina.

Latvians
Latvians (Latvian: latvieši) are a Baltic ethnic group and nation native to Latvia and the immediate geographical region, the Baltics. They are occasionally also referred to as Letts, especially in older bibliography. Latvians share a common Latvian language, culture, history and ancestry.
Alpini and mountain artillery formations in World War I
The Alpini (Italian for "alpines") are a specialised mountain warfare infantry corps of the Italian Army, which distinguished itself in World War I fighting in the Alps against Austro-Hungarian Kaiserjäger and the German Alpenkorps. The Alpini were supported by the Mountain Artillery, which both share the Cappello Alpino as identifying symbol. Below follow tables listing the regiments, battalions and groups, companies and batteries of the Alpini and Mountain Artillery active in World War I.

Gebirgsjäger
Gebirgsjäger (German pronunciation: [ɡəˈbɪʁksˌjɛːɡɐ]) is a German military term for light infantry trained in mountain warfare. Currently used in the militaries of Germany, Austria and Switzerland, the term includes the word  jäger, another German military term used to denote light infantry troops.
Piancatelli rearrangement
In 1976, the Italian chemist, Giovanni Piancatelli and coworkers developed a new method to synthesize 4-hydroxycyclopentenone derivatives from 2-furylcarbinols through an acid-catalyzed rearrangement. This discovery occurred when Piancatelli was studying heterocyclic steroids and their reactive abilities in an acidic environment. As this rearrangement has continued to be studied, it has become a commonly used rearrangement in natural product synthesis because of the ability to create 4-hydroxy-5-substitutedcyclopent-2-enones. Piancatelli’s motive for looking into this new rearrangement stemmed from the ever present 3-oxycyclopentene molecule, specifically its 5-hydroxy derivative, found in biologically active natural products.

Acid catalysis
In acid catalysis and base catalysis, a chemical reaction is catalyzed by an acid or a base. By Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, the acid is the proton (hydrogen ion, H+) donor and the base is the proton acceptor. Typical reactions catalyzed by proton transfer are esterifications and aldol reactions. In these reactions, the conjugate acid of the carbonyl group is a better electrophile than the neutral carbonyl group itself. Depending on the chemical species that act as the acid or base, catalytic mechanisms can be classified as either specific catalysis and general catalysis. Many enzymes operate by general catalysis.
Consistent life ethic
The consistent life ethic (CLE), also known as the consistent ethic of life or whole life ethic, is an ethic that opposes abortion, capital punishment, assisted suicide, and euthanasia. Adherents oppose war, or at the very least unjust war; some adherents go as far as full pacifism and so oppose all war. Many authors have understood the ethic to be relevant to a broad variety of areas of public policy as well as social justice issues. The term was popularized in 1983 by the Catholic prelate Joseph Bernardin in the United States to express an ideology based on the premise that all human life is sacred and should be protected by law. While there are many adherents, CLE is not exclusively but primarily a Catholic doctrine and/or associated with the Catholic Church.

James Hedges
James Arthur Hedges (May 10, 1938 – March 4, 2024) was an American politician who served as the tax assessor for Thompson Township, Pennsylvania and as the Prohibition Party's 2016 presidential nominee. He was the only member of the Prohibition Party to be elected to public office in the 21st century, and the first since 1959.
William Law (Canadian politician)
William Law (August 5, 1833 – November 21, 1901) was a merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Yarmouth County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1886 to  1900 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Belfast, Ireland and came to Yarmouth, Nova Scotia in October 1847. Two years later, Law moved to Oxford, Massachusetts; he returned to Yarmouth in 1855. In 1854, he married Mary A. Brown. With Brown he had a son Bowman Brown Law. His firm, William Law and Company was involved in shipping and insurance. Law also served as a justice of the peace. He married Annie T. Gilman in 1900 after the death of his first wife. He was named to the province's Legislative Council in 1901 and served until his death later that year in Yarmouth.

Legislative Council of Nova Scotia
The Legislative Council of Nova Scotia was the upper house of the legislature of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.  It existed from 1838 to May 31, 1928. From the establishment of responsible government in 1848, members were appointed by the lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia on the advice of the premier.
Furhgill Zeldenrust
Furhgill Alcino Glenn Zeldenrust (born 21 July 1989) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays for Vierde Divisie club VV Capelle. He formerly played for VV Zwaluwen, Texas Dutch Lions, RKC Waalwijk, FC Den Bosch, Dynamo Dresden and Helmond Sport.

Vierde Divisie
The Vierde Divisie (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈviːrdə diˈvisi]; "Fourth Division"), formerly known as Hoofdklasse (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦoːftklɑsə]) is the third-highest league of amateur football in the Netherlands, and the fifth tier in general.
Heidelberg, Texas
Heidelberg is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. The population was 1,507 at the 2020 United States Census. It is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Edinburg, Texas
Edinburg (/ˈɛdɪnbɜːrɡ/ ED-in-burg) is a city in and the county seat of Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. The population was 100,243 at the 2020 census, and in 2022, its estimated population was 104,294, making it the second-largest city in Hidalgo County, and the third-largest city in the larger Rio Grande Valley region.

Edinburg is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas. Edinburg is home to the main campus of University of Texas Rio Grande Valley.
Imha Dam
The Imha Dam is an embankment dam on the Banbyeoncheon River, a tributary of the Nakdong River, 14 km (9 mi) east of Andong in Gyeongsangbuk-do province, South Korea. The purpose of the dam is flood control, water supply and hydroelectric power generation. Construction on the dam began in 1987 and it was complete in 1991. The 73 m (240 ft) tall rock-fill, central earth-core dam creates a reservoir with a capacity of 595,000,000 m3 (482,374 acre⋅ft) and supplies a 50 MW power station with water. It supplies water for both municipal and industrial uses to Gumi, Dagu, Masan, Changwon, Jinhae, Ulsan, and Busan.

Masan
Masan (Korean: 마산) is an administrative region of Changwon, a city of South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. It was formerly an independent city from 1949 until 30 June 2010, when it was absorbed to Changwon along with Jinhae. Masan was redistricted as two districts within Changwon, Masanhappo District and Masanhoewon District. On 31 December 2012, the population of the districts combined was 406,893.

Throughout Korean history, Masan served as a significant port city of Happo, which went through rapid modernization in the 19th century. It was also a stage for significant democratization movements in the 1960s and 1970s, most notable event being the Bu-Ma Democratic Protests in 1979. Due to its status as a free trade port, Masan has experienced consistent growth until the early 1990s when the construction of Changwon went underway and began to attract citizens around the region.