hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nelishia Pillay
Nelishia Pillay is a computer scientist at the University of Pretoria in South Africa, where she is a professor in the Department of Computer Science and holds the NRF/DSI SARChI Chair in Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Development and the Multichoice Joint Chair in Machine Learning. Her research concerns hyper-heuristics, the application of machine learning in choosing among multiple heuristic solutions to computational search problems, and the use of genetic programming and bio-inspired computing for these problems.

Bio-inspired computing
Bio-inspired computing, short for biologically inspired computing, is a field of study which seeks to solve computer science problems using models of biology. It relates to connectionism, social behavior, and emergence. Within computer science, bio-inspired computing relates to artificial intelligence and machine learning. Bio-inspired computing is a major subset of natural computation.
Astonfields Balancing Lakes
Astonfields Balancing Lakes is a local nature reserve on the north-eastern edge of Stafford, in Staffordshire, England.

The main purpose of the balancing lakes is flood defence; the site has also been developed for wildlife habitats. Its area is about 4 hectares (9.9 acres), and it is designated a Grade 1 Site of Biological Importance.

Balancing lake
A balancing lake (also flood basin ) is a term used in the UK to describe a retention basin used to control flooding by temporarily storing flood waters.: Glossary    The term balancing pond is also used, though typically for smaller storage facilities for streams and brooks.

In open countryside, heavy rainfall soaks into the ground and is released relatively slowly into watercourses (ditches, streams, rivers).  In an urban area, the extent of hard surfaces (roofs, roads) means that the rainfall is dumped immediately into the drainage system.  If left unchecked, this has the potential to cause flooding downstream.  The function of a balancing lake as part of a sustainable urban drainage scheme is to contain this surge and release it slowly.: Part E   Failure to do this, especially in older settlements without separate storm sewers and foul sewers, can cause serious pollution as well as flooding.
Trebče
Trebče (pronounced [ˈtɾeːptʃɛ]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Bistrica ob Sotli in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the main road leading west from Bistrica ob Sotli to Podsreda in the adjacent Municipality of Kozje. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region; until January 2014 it was part of the Savinja Statistical Region.

Municipality of Bistrica ob Sotli
The Municipality of Bistrica ob Sotli (pronounced [ˈbiːstɾitsa ɔp ˈsoːtli]; Slovene: Občina Bistrica ob Sotli) is a municipality in eastern Slovenia. It has been an independent municipality since 1999; before, it was part of the Municipality of Podčetrtek. The seat of the municipality is the town of Bistrica ob Sotli. The area belongs to the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region; until January 2014, it was part of the Savinja Statistical Region. It borders Croatia.
Bill Terry (ice hockey)
William Charles Terry (born July 13, 1961 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played five games in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Minnesota North Stars during the 1987–88 season. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1984 to 1992, was split between the International Hockey League and time in Germany and Switzerland. As a youth, he played in the 1974 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a minor ice hockey team from Wexford, Toronto.

International Hockey League
The International Hockey League (IHL) was a minor professional ice hockey league in the United States and Canada that operated from 1945 to 2001. The IHL served as the National Hockey League (NHL)'s alternate farm system to the American Hockey League (AHL). After 56 years of operation, financial instability led to the league's demise. Six of the surviving seven teams merged into the AHL in 2001.
Governor of Southern Leyte
The governor of Southern Leyte is the local chief executive and head of the Provincial Government of Southern Leyte in the Philippines. Along with the governors of Biliran, Eastern Samar, Leyte, Northern Samar, and Samar, the province's chief executive is a member of the Regional Development Council of the Eastern Visayas Region.

Samar (province)
Samar, officially the Province of Samar (Waray: Probinsya han Samar; Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Samar), or also known as Western Samar, is a province in the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas region. Its capital is the city of Catbalogan while Calbayog is the most populous city in the province. It is bordered by Northern Samar, Eastern Samar, Leyte and Leyte Gulf, and includes several islands in the Samar Sea. Samar is connected to the island of Leyte via the San Juanico Bridge.

In 1768, Leyte and modern Samar were created out of the historical province of Samar.  In 1965, Northern and Eastern Samar were created.

Fishing and agriculture are the major economic activities in the province.

On 8 November 2013, the province was significantly damaged by Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan), particularly the towns of Basey, Marabut and Santa Rita.
Osculant
In mathematical invariant theory, the osculant or tacinvariant or tact invariant  is an invariant of a hypersurface that vanishes if the hypersurface touches itself, or an invariant of several hypersurfaces that osculate, meaning that they have a common point where they meet to unusually high order.

Hypersurface
In geometry, a hypersurface is a generalization of the concepts of hyperplane, plane curve, and surface. A hypersurface is a manifold or an algebraic variety of dimension n − 1, which is embedded in an ambient space of dimension n, generally a Euclidean space, an affine space or a projective space.
Hypersurfaces share, with surfaces in a three-dimensional space, the property of being defined by a single implicit equation, at least locally (near every point), and sometimes globally.

A hypersurface in a (Euclidean, affine, or projective) space of dimension two is a plane curve. In a space of dimension three, it is a surface.

For example, the equation

defines an algebraic hypersurface of dimension n − 1 in the Euclidean space of dimension n. This hypersurface is also a smooth manifold, and is  called a hypersphere or an (n – 1)-sphere.
Čirčiče
Čirčiče (pronounced [ˈtʃiːɾtʃitʃɛ]; German: Zirtschitsch) is a former settlement in the Municipality of Kranj in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia. It now corresponds to the neighborhood of Čirče in Kranj.

Urban Municipality of Kranj
The Urban Municipality of Kranj (pronounced [ˈkɾaːn]; Slovene: Mestna občina Kranj) is one of twelve urban municipalities of Slovenia. It lies in northwestern Slovenia and was established in 1994. Its seat is the town of Kranj. The area traditionally belongs to the region of Upper Carniola and has been included in Upper Carniola Statistical Region since 1995.
Walnut Prairie, Illinois
Walnut Prairie is an unincorporated community in Clark County, Illinois, United States, located along Illinois Route 1, 11 miles (18 km) south of Marshall.

Walter E. Cork (1886–1958), an Illinois state representative and businessman, was born in Walnut Prairie.

Illinois Route 1
Illinois Route 1 (IL 1) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Illinois. Running parallel to the Indiana border, the highway starts at the free ferry crossing to Kentucky at Cave-in-Rock on the Ohio River and runs north to the south side of Chicago as Halsted Street at an intersection with Interstate 57. This is a distance of 325.59 miles (523.99 km).
Alföldi
Alföldi or Alföldy is a Hungarian surname. Alföld is Great Hungarian Plain. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrea Alföldi (born 1964), Hungarian racewalker

Andreas Alföldi (1895–1981), Hungarian historian

Géza Alföldy, (1935–2011), Hungarian historian

Róbert Alföldi (born 1967), Hungarian actor, theatre director and television host

Róbert Alföldi
Róbert Alföldi (born 22 November 1967) is a Hungarian actor, director and  television host. He was the director of  the Hungarian National Theater for five years from 1 July 2008  until 2013.

He is best known for his numerous controversial theatrical adaptations as a director and for his television appearance in X-Faktor. His art was rewarded with several national prizes and professional recognitions. In 2014 the Hungarian edition of Forbes named him at number 1 in its List of The 100 Most Valuable Hungarian Celebrities.
Tahir Akyurek
Tahir Akyurek, (born 1959 in Derebucak, Turkey) is a Turkish politician of the Justice and Development Party (AK Party) and a former mayor of Konya.

After he graduated in law from Ankara University, Tahir Akyurek worked in Konya as a lawyer at the Provincial Directorate of Bag-Kur.

He has also served as General Secretary of the Konya Chamber of Commerce.

In the 2004 local government elections he scored 63% of the vote and was elected mayor of Konya. He was elected for a second term in the March 2009 election.

He is married and has three children.

In 2009 he announced that Konya would introduce a "smart bicycle"  facility into its transport system in 2010.

In the 2018 Turkish parliamentary election, he was elected to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey from Konya. He was re-elected in 2023.

Konya
Konya is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium.  In 19th-century accounts of the city in English its name is usually spelt Konia or Koniah. In the late medieval period, Konya was the capital of the Seljuk Turks' Sultanate of Rum, from where the sultans ruled over Anatolia.

As of 2024, the population of the Metropolitan Province was 2,330,024. 1,433,861 live in the three urban districts (Karatay, Selcuklu, Meram), making it the sixth most populous city in Turkey, and second most populous of the Central Anatolia Region, after Ankara. City has Konya is served by TCDD high-speed train (YHT) services from Istanbul, Ankara and Karaman. The local airport (Konya Havalimanı, KYA) is served by frequent flights from Istanbul whereas flights to and from İzmir are offered few times a week.
Taman language (Myanmar)
Taman is an extinct Sino-Tibetan language that was spoken in Htamanthi village in Homalin Township, Sagaing Region, northern Myanmar. It was documented in a list of 75 words in Brown (1911). Keisuke Huziwara (2016) discovered an elderly rememberer of Taman in Htamanthi who could remember some Taman phrases as well as a short song, but was not fluent in the Taman language. However, no fluent speakers of Taman remained in the area.

Homalin District
Homalin Township  (Burmese: ဟုမ္မလင်း  မြို့နယ် [hóʊɰ̃məlɪ́ɰ̃ mjo̰nɛ̀]) is the only township of Homalin District (Burmese: ဟုမ္မလင်း  ခရိုင်) in the Sagaing Region of Myanmar. In 2022, the township was split out from Hkamti District to form the new Homalin District. The principal town is Homalin. The principal rivers flowing through the township are the Chindwin River form north to south and the Uyu River from east to west, joining the Chindwin near Homalin town.

The township is contains 3 towns- the principal town of Homalin, as well as the towns of Shwe Pyi Aye and Mo Waing Lut for a total of 16 urban wards. The township has 76 village tracts grouping 326 villages together.
Shonen Note
Shonen Note: Boy Soprano (Japanese: 少年ノート, Hepburn: Shōnen Nōto) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yuhki Kamatani. It was serialized in Kodansha's seinen manga magazine Monthly Morning Two from November 2010 to May 2014, with its chapters collected in eight tankōbon volumes. The story follows a boy soprano named Yutaka Aoi as he enters the world of competitive choir and approaches inevitable voice changes due to puberty.

Boy soprano
A boy soprano (British and especially North American English) or boy treble (only British English) is a young male singer with a voice  in the soprano range, a range that is often still called the treble voice range (in North America too) no matter how old.
Andrew Kosove
Andrew A. Kosove is an American film and television producer who has been a producer or executive producer on 35 films.  He was nominated for an Academy Award for the film The Blind Side. Alongside his producing partner, Broderick Johnson, he is the co-founder and co-CEO of Alcon Entertainment, a Los Angeles–based film and television production and financing company.  Kosove is also an avid marathon runner and triathlete.

P.S. I Love You (film)
P.S. I Love You is a 2007 romantic comedy film directed by Richard LaGravenese from a screenplay by LaGravenese and Steven Rogers. It is based on the 2004 novel of the same name by Cecelia Ahern. The film stars Hilary Swank, Gerard Butler, Lisa Kudrow, Gina Gershon, James Marsters, Harry Connick Jr., Jeffrey Dean Morgan, and Kathy Bates.

The film was released in the United States by Warner Bros. Pictures on December 21, 2007, and in the United Kingdom by Momentum Pictures on January 4, 2008. It received generally negative reviews from critics, with criticism being directed at Swank's casting and the writing. It was a box office success, grossing $156.8 million worldwide against a $30 million budget.
Aurangabad Chandok
Aurangabad Chandok is a village in Shikarpur block/tehsil of Bulandshahr district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

According to Census 2011 information, the location code or village code of Aurangabad Chandok village is 121368. Aurangabad Chandok village is located in Shikarpur Tehsil of Bulandshahr district in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is situated 11 km away from sub-district headquarters Shikarpur and 25 km away from district headquarters Bulandshahr. As per 2009 stats, Aurangabad Chandok village is also a gram panchayat.

The total geographical area of village is 1428.633 hectares. Aurangabad Chandok has a total population of 6,732 people. There are about 1,180 houses in Aurangabad Chandok village. Jahangirabad is nearest town to Aurangabad Chandok which is approximately 5 km away.

28°36′28″N 78°07′09″E﻿ / ﻿28.60778°N 78.11917°E﻿ / 28.60778; 78.11917

Bulandshahr district
Bulandshahr district (also spelled Bulandshahar) is a district in the Meerut region in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh (UP), situated between the Ganga and Yamuna rivers. It is a part of the National Capital Region of India, and Bulandshahr is the district headquarters.

The district is situated between 28.4° south and 28.0° north latitudes and between 77.0° and 78.0° east longitudes. It is bordered by Hapur district to the north, Amroha and Sambhal districts to the east, Aligarh district to the south and Gautam Buddha Nagar district to the west.
1999–2000 Rugby Union County Championship
The 1999–2000 Tetley's Bitter Rugby Union County Championship was the 100th edition of England's County Championship rugby union club competition.

Yorkshire won their 13th title, after defeating Devon in the final.

Devon Rugby Football Union
The Devon Rugby Football Union is the governing body for the sport of rugby union in the county of Devon in England. The union is the constituent body of the Rugby Football Union (RFU) for Devon, and administers and organises rugby union clubs and competitions in the county. It also administers the Devon county rugby representative teams.
Metin Gürak
General Metin Gürak (born 20 August 1960) is a Turkish general who served as the 31st chief of the Turkish General Staff from August 2023 to August 2025. He also served as commander of the Second Army.

First Army (Turkey)
The First Army of the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Birinci Ordu) is one of the four field armies of the Turkish Army. Its headquarters is located at Selimiye Barracks in Istanbul. It guards the sensitive borders of Turkey with Greece and Bulgaria, including the straits Bosporus and Dardanelles. The First Army is stationed in East Thrace.
Malyarov
Malyarov (masculine, Russian: Маляров) or Malyarova (feminine, Russian: Малярова) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kirill Malyarov (born 1997), Russian footballer

Nikita Malyarov (born 1989), Russian footballer

Igor Malyarov (1965-2003), Soviet Russian politician and journalist

Igor Malyarov
Igor Olegovich Malyarov (Russian: Игорь Олегович Маляров; 24 July 1965 - 19 September 2003) was a Soviet Russian politician and journalist.
From 1993 he was First Secretary of the Russian Young Communist League (RKSM, Komsomol).

Born and died in Moscow. 
He was born into a family of scientists.
He graduated from the MSU Faculty of Economics in 1987.

From 1988 to 1990 he was scientist of the Institute of Asian and African Countries.
From 1990 he work at the MSU Faculty of Economics.

He was a member of the Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (since 1993).
He was a member of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (since 1995).
He also was a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

He criticized Gennady Zyuganov.

He died of pancreatitis at the age of 37 in September 2003.
Lee Chun-soo
Lee Chun-soo (Korean: 이천수; born 9 July 1981) is a South Korean retired football player. He played as a forward for the South Korea national team at the 2002 and 2006  editions of the 
FIFA World Cup.
Early in his career he was regarded as one of the most talented forwards to have emerged from South Korea.

K League 1
The K League 1 (Korean: K리그1) is a professional association football league in South Korea and the highest level of the South Korean football league system. The league is contested by twelve clubs. It is one of the most successful leagues in the Asian Football Confederation, with its past and present clubs having won a record twelve AFC Champions League titles.
Michigan's 67th House of Representatives district
Michigan's 67th House of Representatives district (also referred to as Michigan's 67th House district) is a legislative district within the Michigan House of Representatives located in parts of Genesee, Lapeer, and Tuscola counties. The district was created in 1965, when the Michigan House of Representatives district naming scheme changed from a county-based system to a numerical one.

Tuscola County, Michigan
Tuscola County (/ˈtʌs.koʊlə/ TUSS-koh-lə) is a county in the Thumb region of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 53,323. The county seat is Caro.  The county was created by Michigan Law on April 1, 1840, from land in Sanilac County and attached to Saginaw County for administrative purposes. The Michigan Legislature passed an act on March 2, 1850, that empowered the county residents to organize governmental functions. Tuscola County is one of five counties in the Thumb area. Like the rest of the Thumb, Tuscola County enjoys seasonal tourism from cities like Flint, Detroit and Saginaw.
German submarine U-283
German submarine U-283 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The submarine was laid down on 10 June 1942 at the Bremer Vulkan yard at Bremen-Vegesack as yard number 48. She was launched on 17 February 1943 and commissioned on 31 March under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Heinz-Günther Scholz.

Wolfpack (naval tactic)
The wolfpack (Rudeltaktik) was a convoy attack tactic employed in the Second World War. It was used principally by the U-boats of the Kriegsmarine during the Battle of the Atlantic, and by the submarines of the United States Navy in the Pacific War. The idea of a co-ordinated submarine attack on convoys had been proposed during the First World War but had had no success. In the Atlantic during the Second World War, the Germans had considerable successes with their wolfpack attacks but were ultimately defeated by the Allies of World War II. In the Pacific, the American submarine force was able to devastate the Japanese merchant marine, though this was not solely due to the wolfpack tactic. Wolfpacks fell out of use during the Cold War as the role of the submarine changed.
Wrangel family
The Wrangel family (sometimes transliterated as Wrangell or Vrangel; Russian: Врангель) is a Baltic German noble family with branches in several countries. Members of the family have also been part of the Swedish, Russian, Spanish, and Prussian nobility.

The family's earliest known patrilineal ancestor is the knight Eilardus (1241†).

Spanish nobility
The Spanish nobility are people who possess a title of nobility confirmed by the Spanish Ministry of the Presidency, Justice and Relations with the Cortes, as well as those individuals appointed to one of Spain's three highest orders of knighthood: the Order of the Golden Fleece, the Order of Charles III and the Order of Isabella the Catholic. Some members of the Spanish nobility possess various titles that may be inherited or not, but the creation and recognition of titles is legally the prerogative of the monarchy of Spain.

Many Spanish titles and noble families still exist and many have transmitted their aristocratic status since the Middle Ages. Some aristocratic families in Spain use the nobiliary particle de before their family name, although this was more prominent before the 20th century.
Simple Kind of Life
"Simple Kind of Life" is a song written by Gwen Stefani for American rock band No Doubt's fourth album, Return of Saturn (2000). The song contrasts Stefani's desire to settle down and start a family with her commitment to the band. It received positive reviews from music critics, who noted the song's somber melody and raw lyrics.

"Simple Kind of Life" was released as the album's second single in June 2000. It became the most successful American single from Return of Saturn, but had little international success. The accompanying music video illustrates the song's themes of marriage and family.

Melody
A melody (from Greek  μελῳδία (melōidía) 'singing, chanting'), also tune, voice, or line, is a linear succession of musical tones that the listener perceives as a single entity. In its most literal sense, a melody is a combination of pitch and rhythm, while more figuratively, the term can include other musical elements such as tonal color. It is the foreground to the background accompaniment. A line or part need not be a foreground melody.

Melodies often consist of one or more musical phrases or motifs, and are usually repeated throughout a composition in various forms. Melodies may also be described by their melodic motion or the pitches or the intervals between pitches (predominantly conjunct or disjunct or with further restrictions), pitch range, tension and release, continuity and coherence, cadence, and shape.
Garfield, Victoria
Garfield is a town in Victoria, Australia, 79 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Shire of Cardinia local government area. Garfield recorded a population of 2,114 at the 2021 census.

Local government areas of Victoria
This is a list of local government areas (LGAs) in Victoria, sorted by region.

Also referred to as municipalities, the 79 Victorian LGAs are classified as cities (34), shires (38), rural cities (6) and boroughs (1). In general, an urban or suburban LGA is called a city and is governed by a city council, while a rural LGA covering a larger rural area is usually called a shire and is governed by a shire council. Local councils have the same administrative functions and similar political structures, regardless of their classification.

Local elections are held in Victoria every four years with the most recent elections held in 2024.