hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dinsmore, California
Dinsmore is an unincorporated community in California. It is located on the Van Duzen River, at an elevation of 2,415 feet (736 m). Dinsmore Airport and the Dinsmore Store are located nearby. Also nearby is the Mad River, Ruth, California and Ruth Reservoir (located in Trinity County).

Dinsmore's economy centered on tourism and logging.  The Dinsmore Lodge was a popular summer vacation destination in the early twentieth century; it declined after World War II, but was restored in the early 1970s, when it was being used as low-rent housing for employees of a local Louisiana Pacific Corporation sawmill.  The company closed its Dinsmore sawmill in 1977, and the community never recovered.

Trinity County, California
Trinity County is a county located in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of California. Trinity County is rugged, mountainous, heavily forested, and lies along the Trinity River (for which it is named) within the Salmon, Klamath Mountains, as well as a portion of the Scott, Trinity, and North Yolla Bolly Mountains. It is also one of three counties in California with no incorporated cities (the other two counties in California with that distinction are Alpine and Mariposa counties).

As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,112, making it the fifth least-populous county in California, and the least-populous of California's 27 original counties. The county seat and largest community is Weaverville.
Ponta Creek
Ponta Creek is a stream in the U.S. states of Alabama and Mississippi. It is a tributary to the Sucarnoochee River. Tributaries include Lost Horse Creek, Possum Creek, and Big Creek.

Ponta is a name derived from the Choctaw language purported to mean "mouse". Variant names are "Panthe Creek" and "Ponti Creek".

The Choctaw settlement of Coosha was located on Ponta Creek. One of the three main divisions of the Choctaw tribe, the Eastern Division, lived in the area around Ponta Creek. In 1795, 99 Choctaw lived in the village of Pante on Ponta Creek, with Hochinchimastabe serving as the village captain.

Choctaw
The Choctaw (Choctaw: Chahta Choctaw pronunciation: [tʃahtá(ʔ)]) people are one of the Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States, historically based in what is now Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. The Choctaw language is a Western Muskogean language. Today, Choctaw people are enrolled primarily in three federally recognized tribes: the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, and the Jena Band of Choctaw Indians in Louisiana. The Yowani Choctaw, a historic Choctaw band, are federally recognized as a people within the Caddo Nation and are also enrolled as citizens of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma and the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians. Choctaw descendants are also members of other tribes.
Olympic Oration (Lysias)
The Olympic Oration (Ancient Greek: Ολυμπιακός, romanized: Olympiakos)  was one of the epideictic speeches delivered by the Athenian orator Lysias (5th/4th century BC). According to the writings of Diodorus Siculus (1st century BC), it was recited by Lysias during the 98th Olympiad in 388 BC, one year before the Peace of Antalcidas, which marked the end of the Corinthian War.

In this speech, Lysias appealed for the unification and joint military action of all Greeks against Dionysius I, the tyrant of Syracuse in the West, and against Artaxerxes II of Persia in the East. He viewed both as the two greatest threats to Greek freedom during that period.

As a rhetorical work, Olympiakos stands as one of the key examples of political expression of the Panhellenic idea, alongside similar speeches by Gorgias, Isocrates, and Xenophon.

Dionysius I of Syracuse
Dionysius I or Dionysius the Elder (c. 432 – 367 BC) was a Greek tyrant of Syracuse, Sicily. He conquered several cities on Sicily and southern Italy, opposed Carthage's influence on Sicily and made Syracuse the most powerful of the western Greek colonies. He was regarded by the ancients as the worst kind of despot: cruel, suspicious, and vindictive.
Boiga drapiezii
Boiga drapiezii, commonly known as Drapiez's cat snake and the white-spotted cat snake, is a species of long and slender rear-fanged snake in the family Colubridae. The species is native to Maritime Southeast Asia and is common throughout its range.

Colubridae
Colubridae (/kəˈluːbrɪdiː/, commonly known as colubrids /ˈkɒljʊbrɪdz/, from Latin: coluber, 'snake') is a family of snakes. With 249 genera, it is the largest snake family. The earliest fossil species of the family date back to the Late Eocene epoch, with earlier origins suspected. Colubrid snakes are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Płużnica Wielka
Płużnica Wielka [pwuʐˈnit͡sa ˈvjɛlka] (German: Groß Pluschnitz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Strzelce Opolskie, within Strzelce County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

It was the birthplace, in 1824, of Fr. Leopold Moczygemba, who led the migration that founded the Polish settlements of Panna Maria and Bandera, Texas.

24 Polish citizens were murdered by Nazi Germany in the village during World War II.

Bandera, Texas
Bandera (Spanish: "flag", /bænˈdɛrə/ ban-DERR-ə) is a city in Bandera County, Texas, United States.  It was founded by Polish Catholic settlers from Silesia in the 1850's.The county seat, it lies in the Texas Hill Country, a part of the Edwards Plateau located at the crossroads of the central, southern, and western parts of the state, Its population was 829 at the 2020 census.

Bandera calls itself the "Cowboy Capital of the World", a legacy dating to its days as a staging area for what is today known as Great Western Cattle Trail for the last cattle drives of the 1800s.
Garvan Woodland Gardens
Garvan Woodland Gardens is a 210-acre (85 ha) botanical garden and woodland garden located at 550 Arkridge Road, approximately 6 miles from Hot Springs National Park in Hot Springs, Arkansas, United States. Owned by the University of Arkansas, it has the stated mission of education, research and public service. For an admission fee, it is open daily, except on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day and the month of January.

Garvan Woodland Gardens is situated on a woodland peninsula with 4.5 miles (7 km) of shoreline on Lake Hamilton. It features rocky inclines reminiscent of the surrounding Ouachita Mountains, floral landscapes, streams, and waterfalls in a natural woodland setting, plus the fifth-ranked Garden of the Pine Wind Japanese Garden with Japanese maples and tree peonies, a conifer border, and various flower and rock gardens. Its collections display hundreds of rare shrubs and trees, including camellias, magnolias, roses and more than 160 different types of azaleas.

Camellia
Camellia (pronounced /kə.ˈmɛ.li.ə/ or /kə.ˈmiː.li.ə/) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in tropical and subtropical areas in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species; almost all are found in southern China and Indochina.: 66  Camellias are popular ornamental, tea, and woody-oil plants cultivated worldwide for centuries. Over 26,000 cultivars, with more than 51,000 cultivar names, including synonyms, have been registered or published.

The leaves of C. sinensis are processed to create tea, and so are of particular economic importance in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent, with the processed leaves widely sold and consumed globally. The ornamental C. japonica, C. sasanqua and their hybrids are the source of hundreds of garden cultivars. C. oleifera produces tea seed oil, used in cooking and cosmetics.
LINDO
LINDO (Linear, Interactive, and Discrete Optimizer) is a software package for linear programming, integer programming, nonlinear programming, stochastic programming and global optimization.

LINGO is a mathematical modeling language used as part of LINDO.

Today, LINDO solvers are part of LINDO API (Application Programming Interface) a set of software libraries that can be called from different programming languages to create custom mathematical optimization applications.

It is designed to solve optimization problems that arise in areas of business, industry, research, and government. The LINDO package includes sample applications related to product distribution, ingredient blending, production, personnel scheduling, inventory management.

LINDO also creates "What'sBest!" which is an add-in for linear, integer and nonlinear optimization. First released for Lotus 1-2-3 and later also for Microsoft Excel.

Nonlinear programming
In mathematics, nonlinear programming (NLP) is the process of solving an optimization problem where some of the constraints are not linear equalities or the objective function is not a linear function. An optimization problem is one of calculation of the extrema (maxima, minima or stationary points) of an objective function over a set of unknown real variables and conditional to the satisfaction of a system of equalities and inequalities, collectively termed constraints. It is the sub-field of mathematical optimization that deals with problems that are not linear.
Kingdom of Bungku
The Kingdom of Bungku, also known as Tobunku or Tobungku, was an Islamic polity in present-day Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. It was located on the Southeast Peninsula of Sulawesi, in what is today Morowali Regency. Throughout most of its pre-colonial history, the polity was under a tributary relationship with the Sultanate of Ternate, with strong influence from Bugis merchants and the Bone State.

Bungku was a trading and raiding center on Sulawesi's eastern coast, exporting slaves, iron, inland produce, and sea cucumbers among others. Its economic fortunes declined following a series of conflicts in the mid-nineteenth century, and it was subsumed under the colonial administration of the Dutch East Indies in 1905. It remained as an autonomous subdivision of the Dutch East Indies, and later Indonesia, until its absorption into Poso Regency in 1961.

Southeast Peninsula, Sulawesi
The Southeast Peninsula is a peninsula of Sulawesi (Celebes), lying between the Gulf of Tolo and the Gulf of Boni. It is mostly coterminous with the province of Southeast Sulawesi. The largest city on the peninsula is Kendari.

Several islands are situated off its south-eastern tip, including Muna and Buton.
Electoral district of Balmain North
Balmain North was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales from 1894. It was abolished in the 1904 re-distribution of electorates following the 1903 New South Wales referendum, which required the number of members of the Legislative Assembly to be reduced from 125 to 90, and was reabsorbed into the district of Balmain.

1903 New South Wales referendum
A referendum concerning the reduction of the members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly was put to voters on 16 December 1903, in conjunction with the 1903 federal election. The referendum was conducted on the basis of optional preferential voting. However, preferences were not counted, as an overwhelming majority voted to reduce the number of members to 90.
Wantirna South
Wantirna South is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 25 km east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Knox local government area. Wantirna South recorded a population of 20,754 at the 2021 census.
5
Wantirna South is a border suburb to City of Whitehorse and City of Monash.

City of Monash
The City of Monash is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, in the south-eastern suburbs of Melbourne. Established in 1994, it covers an area of 81.5 square kilometres (31.5 sq mi), and had an estimated population of 209,268 people in 2024. The council's offices are located in the suburb of Glen Waverley.
Division "Acqui"
The Division "Acqui" (Italian: Divisione "Acqui") is one of three active divisions of the Italian Army. The division is the army's high readiness command for out-of-area operations. The Acqui is based in Capua in the Province of Caserta and assigned to the Operational Land Forces Command. The division carries on the name and traditions of the World War II Royal Italian Army 33rd Infantry Division "Acqui" and the Cold War Italian Army Motorized Brigade "Acqui".

Province of Caserta
The province of Caserta (Italian: provincia di Caserta) is a province in the Campania region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Caserta, situated about 36 kilometres (22 mi) by road north of Naples. The province has an area of 2,651.35 square kilometres (1,023.69 mi2), and a population of 907,442. The Palace of Caserta is located near to the city, a former royal residence which was constructed for the Bourbon kings of Naples. It was the largest palace and one of the largest buildings erected in Europe during the 18th century. In 1997, the palace was designated a World Heritage Site.
Panaramitee Style
Panaramitee Style, also known as track and circle or Classic Panaramitee, is a particular type of pecked engravings found in Australian rock art, created by Aboriginal peoples of the continent. The style, named after Panaramitee sheep station, located in the Flinders Ranges of South Australia, where they were first identified, depicts a variety of animal tracks, including those of macropods, birds and humans, as well as radiating designs, circles, spots, crescents and spirals.

Animal track
An animal track is an imprint left behind in soil, snow, or mud, or on some other ground surface, by an animal walking across it. Animal tracks are used by hunters in tracking their prey and by naturalists to identify animals living in a given area.
Internet-in-a-Box
Internet-in-a-Box (IIAB) is a low-cost digital library, consisting of a wireless access point with storage, which users nearby can connect to. The hardware and software from which it is built has changed since 2012, as miniaturization of storage space and electronics progressed. As of 2017, its hardware often consists of a Raspberry Pi with a replaceable storage card.

In 2016, Columbia University's Masters in Public Administration in Development Practice (MPA-DP) explored using these boxes in the Dominican Republic for three months.

Distribution of devices assembled by Wiki Project Med Foundation via the Wikipedia Store began in 2024. It ships a Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W with a 256 GB SD card, which contains all of English and Spanish Wikipedia, among other resources.

Professional degrees of public health
The Master of Public Health (MPH), Master of Science in Public Health (MSPH), Master of Medical Science in Public Health (MMSPH) and the Doctor of Public Health (DrPH), International Masters for Health Leadership (IMHL) are interdisciplinary professional degrees awarded for studies in areas related to public health. The MPH degree focuses on public health practice, as opposed to research or teaching. Master of Public Health programs are available throughout the world in Schools of Public Health, Programs in Public Health, Medical Schools, and Schools of Public Affairs. MPH degrees, in addition to including a core curriculum, will usually also let students pursue a specialization in a specific field, such as epidemiology, biostatistics, or health management.
Cusick
Cusick is an Anglo-Irish and Anglo-Norman surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Cusick (c.1780–c.1831), Tuscarora artist and the author of David Cusick's Sketches of Ancient History of the Six Nations (1828)

Fred Cusick (1918–2009), American ice hockey broadcaster who served as the Boston Bruins play-by-play announcer for 45 years

Henry Ian Cusick (born 1967), Scottish-Peruvian actor

Johnny Cusick (1916–?) English boxer

Michael Cusick (born 1969), Democratic Party politician, member of the New York State Assembly from the 63rd District

Raymond Cusick (1928–2013), English art director and production designer

Richie Tankersley Cusick (born 1952), American writer

Ryan Cusick (born 1999), American baseball player

Suzanne Cusick (born 1954), American musicologist

Henry Ian Cusick
Henry Ian Cusick (born 17 April 1967) is a Peruvian-Scottish actor of television, film, and theatre and a television director best known as Desmond Hume in Lost, for which he received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination. He also starred as Jesus in The Gospel of John, Stephen Finch on Scandal, Marcus Kane on The 100, Dr. Jonas Lear in The Passage, and Russell "Russ" Taylor on MacGyver.
Elbert Treadway
Elbert Treadway (February 16, 1916 – August 1978) was an American Negro league pitcher in the 1930s.

A native of Geiger, Alabama, Treadway played for the Kansas City Monarchs in 1939. He died in Pineville, Louisiana in 1978 at age 62.

Pineville, Louisiana
Pineville is a city in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is located across the Red River from the larger Alexandria, and is part of the Alexandria Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Pineville had a population of 14,384.

The Central Louisiana State Hospital, the Pinecrest Supports and Services Center, the Huey P. Long Memorial Hospital (closed), the Alexandria Veterans Administration Medical Center, and the Alexandria National Cemetery are all located in Pineville. The city is also home to several large non-government employers including Baker Manufacturing, Procter & Gamble, and Crest Industries.
The Brothers' War
The Brothers' War is a Magic: The Gathering novel written by Jeff Grubb, and published by Wizards of the Coast, Inc. It takes place on the fictional world of Dominaria, within the 'multiverse'. It tells the story of the origins of Urza, who plays a significant role in Magic: The Gathering lore.

Parallel universes in fiction
A parallel universe, also known as an alternate universe, world, or dimension, is a plot device in fiction which uses the notion of a hypothetical universe co-existing with another, typically to enable alternative narrative possibilities. The sum of all potential parallel universes that constitute reality is often called the "multiverse".

The device serves several narrative purposes. Among them, parallel universes have been used to allow stories with elements that would ordinarily violate the laws of nature, to enable characters to meet and interact with alternative versions of themselves or others from their home universe, thus enabling further character development, and to serve as a starting point for speculative fiction, particularly alternate history.
Rhinophis gunasekarai
Rhinophis gunasekarai, also known commonly as Gunasekara's shield-tail snake, is a species of snake in the family Uropeltidae. The species is endemic to Sri Lanka, where it was discovered in the Matale District, Central Province. It was first described in 2020 by Sri Lankan herpetologist, Mendis Wickramasinghe.

Uropeltidae
The Uropeltidae, also commonly known as shield-tail snakes, shield-tailed snakes or earth snakes, are a family of primitive, nonvenomous, burrowing snakes native to Peninsular India and Sri Lanka. The name is derived from the Greek words ura ('tail') and pelte ('shield'), indicating the presence of the large keratinous shield at the tip of the tail. Seven or eight genera are recognized, depending on whether Teretrurus rhodogaster is treated in its own genus or as part of Brachyophidium. The family comprises over 50 species. These snakes are not well known in terms of their diversity, biology, and natural history.
Japanese variety show
A Japanese variety  show is an entertainment television program made up of a variety of original stunts, musical performances, comedy skits, quiz contests, and other acts. Japanese variety shows are characterized by an eccentric, fast-paced style and are typically scheduled during prime television-time for entertainment. They usually feature a variety of tarento hosts, presenters and guests that include celebrities, comedians, J-pop Idols.

Stunt
A stunt is an unusual, difficult, dramatic physical feat that may require a special skill, performed for artistic purposes usually for a public audience, as on television or in theaters or cinema. Stunts are a feature of many action films. Before computer-generated imagery special effects, these depictions were limited to the use of models, false perspective and other in-camera effects, unless the creator could find someone willing to carry them out, even such dangerous acts as jumping from car to car in motion or hanging from the edge of a skyscraper: the stunt performer or stunt double.
2010 SANFL Grand Final
The 2010 South Australian National Football League (SANFL) Grand Final saw the Central District Bulldogs defeat Norwood by 6 points to claim the club's ninth premiership victory.

The match was played on Sunday 3 October 2010 at Football Park in front of a crowd of 34,355.

Grand final
Primarily in Australian sports, a grand final is a game that decides a sports league's premiership (or championship) winning team, i.e. the conclusive game of a finals (or play-off) series. Synonymous with a championship game in North American sports, grand finals have become a significant part of Australian culture.  The earliest leagues to feature a grand final were in Australian rules football, followed soon after by rugby league. Currently the largest grand finals are in the Australian Football League (AFL) and National Rugby League (NRL). Their popularity influenced other competitions such as soccer's  A-League Men and A-League Women, the National Basketball League, Super Netball and European rugby league's Super League to adopt grand finals as well. Most grand finals involve a prestigious award for the player voted best on field.
Southern Azerbaijan National Awakening Movement
The Southern Azerbaijan National Awakening Movement (SANAM) (Azerbaijani: گۆنئی آذربایجان میللی وْیانؽش حرکتی, romanized: Güney Azərbaycan Milli Oyanış Hərəkatı; GAMOH) is a Baku-based group that advocates self-determination for Iranian Azerbaijanis, and the "unification of Azerbaijanis living on both sides of the Aras River".

Azerbaijani alphabet
The Azerbaijani alphabet has three versions, which include the Arabic, Latin, and Cyrillic alphabets.

North Azerbaijani, the main variety spoken in the Republic of Azerbaijan, is written in the Latin script. After the fall of the Soviet Union, this superseded previous versions based on the Cyrillic and Arabic scripts.

South Azerbaijani, the language spoken in Iran's Azerbaijan region, is written in a modified Arabic script since the Safavid Empire.

Azerbaijanis of Dagestan still use the Cyrillic script.
Dettol antiseptic liquid
Dettol antiseptic liquid is a product produced by the Dettol Brand for Reckitt. It is light yellow in color in the concentrated form but, as several of the ingredients are insoluble in water, it produces a milky emulsion of oil droplets when diluted with water, exhibiting the ouzo effect. Chloroxylenol comprises 4.8% of the admixture, with pine oil, isopropanol, castor oil, soap and water.

At first, this product was almost given the moniker "PCMX", after its active ingredient para-chloro-meta-xylenol. It would go on to become the first product in this very popular product line with its depiction of a white sword on a green bottle.

Ouzo effect
The ouzo effect (/ˈuːzoʊ/ OO-zoh), also known as the louche effect (/luːʃ/ LOOSH) and spontaneous emulsification, is the phenomenon of formation of a milky oil-in-water emulsion when water is added to ouzo and other anise-flavored liqueurs and spirits, such as pastis, rakı, arak, sambuca and absinthe. Such emulsions occur with only minimal mixing and are highly stable.
Gessel
Gessel is a surname of South German origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Ira Gessel (born 1951), American mathematician

Van C. Gessel (born 1950), American academic administrator

Sander van Gessel (born 1976), Dutch footballer

Ira Gessel
Ira Martin Gessel (born 9 April 1951 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American mathematician, known for his work in combinatorics.  He is a long-time faculty member at Brandeis University and resides in Arlington, Massachusetts.