hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ruger (musician)
Michael Adebayo Olayinkalistenⓘ (born 23 September 1999), known professionally as Ruger is a Nigerian singer-songwriter and performing artist. He rose to fame with the release of his song "Bounce", which led him to sign a recording deal with Jonzing World, in 2021. That same year, he released his debut extended play, Pandemic. In 2024, he left Jonzing World to start his own imprint, called 'Blown Boy Entertainment'. Ruger attended Police Secondary School Akure and graduated in 2017.

UK Afrobeats Singles Chart
The UK Afrobeats Singles Chart is a record chart compiled in the United Kingdom by the Official Charts Company (OCC) to determine the 20 most popular singles in the afrobeats and afroswing genres. The chart is compiled by the OCC from digital downloads, physical record sales and audio streams in UK retail outlets. The chart was launched for the first time in 2020, with the first chart being revealed on BBC Radio 1Xtra on 26 July 2020, and was published on the Official Charts website.

The introduction of the chart came about due to the rising popularity of afrobeats music and artists in the United Kingdom.

As of January 2025, the act with most number one appearances in the chart is Burna Boy with eleven appearances, "Real Life", "Ginger" (as featuring with Wizkid), "Kilometre", "Want It All", "B D'or", "Last Last", "For My Hand", "Alone", "Sittin' on Top of the World", "Cheat on Me", "City Boys" and "Bundle by Bundle".
West Delhi Presbyterian Church, Manse, and Cemetery
West Delhi Presbyterian Church, Manse, and Cemetery is a historic Presbyterian church complex and cemetery at 18 and 45 Sutherland Road in West Delhi, Delaware County, New York. The church is a one-story, rectangular wood-frame building constructed in 1892.  It is surmounted by a steep gable roof with overhanging eaves.  The manse was built about 1840 and is a large two story wood-frame building with a cross gable plan.  The West Delhi Cemetery contains the graves of most settlement era families and features stones typical of their period and style.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

Delaware County, New York
Delaware County is a county located in the US state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 44,308.  The county seat is Delhi. The county is named after the Delaware River, which was named in honor of Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, appointed governor of Virginia in 1609. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.
2024 Men's U20 African Nations Volleyball Championship
The 2024 Men's U20 African Nations Volleyball Championship was the 21st edition of the Men's U21 African Volleyball Championship, the biennial international youth volleyball tournament organised by the African Volleyball Confederation (CAVB) for the men's under-20 national teams of Africa. It was held in Tunis, Tunisia from 5 to 11 August 2024.

Four national teams took part in the tournament, with players born on or after 1 January 2005 eligible to participate.

Same as previous editions, the tournament acted as the CAVB qualifiers for the FIVB Volleyball Men's U21 World Championship. The top three teams qualified for the 2025 FIVB Volleyball Men's U21 World Championship in China as the CAVB representatives.

Tunisia won their eleventh title by beating Egypt 3–2 the final. Morocco completed the podium after defeating Burundi in the third-place match. Champions Tunisia, runners-up Egypt and third-place Morocco qualified for the 2025 FIVB Volleyball Men's U21 World Championship.

2025 FIVB Volleyball Men's U21 World Championship
The 2025 FIVB Volleyball Men's U21 World Championship was the 23rd edition of the FIVB Volleyball Men's U21 World Championship, contested by the men's national teams under the age of 21 of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), the sport's global governing body. It was held in Jiangmen Sports Center at Jiangmen, China from 21 to 31 August 2025.

Starting with this edition, the tournament was expanded to include 24 teams instead of 16 teams of previous editions, following a decision adopted by FIVB in June 2023.

Defending champions, Iran, claimed their third title after defeating Italy in the final. The United States defeated Czech Republic in the third-place match and clinched their first medal in the competition. Seyed Matin Hosseini of Iran was named the MVP of the tournament.
Diocles of Magnesia
Diocles of Magnesia (Greek: Διοκλῆς ὁ Μάγνης) was an ancient Greek writer from Magnesia ad Sipylum, who probably lived in the 2nd or 1st century BC. The claim that he is the Diocles to whom Meleager of Gadara dedicated his anthology is questionable. He authored works entitled Ἐπιδρομὴ τῶν φιλοσόφων (Philosophers overview) and Περὶ βίων φιλοσόφων (On the lives of philosophers), both important sources for Diogenes Laërtius's work about the lives and opinions of eminent Greek philosophers, especially the Cynics and Stoics (see Diogenes Laërtius 2.82; 6.12, 13, 20, 36, 87, 91, 99, 103; 7.48, 162, 166, 179, 181; 9.61, 65; 10.12). For example, Diocles is cited by Diogenes Laertius as a source in his biography of Xenophon that would otherwise be unknown. Nothing more is known about the life and works of Diocles.

Magnesia ad Sipylum
Magnesia ad Sipylum (Greek: Mαγνησία ἡ πρὸς Σιπύλῳ or Mαγνησία ἡ ἐπὶ Σιπύλου; modern Manisa, Turkey) was a city of Lydia, situated about 65 km northeast of Smyrna (now İzmir) on the river Hermus (now Gediz) at the foot of Mount Sipylus. The city should not be confused with its older neighbor, Magnesia on the Maeander, both founded by colonists from the Greek region of Magnesia.
Tilquin
Tilquin (or Gueuzerie Tilquin) is a Belgian lambic beer blendery based in Bierghes, founded in 2009 by Pierre Tilquin. Tilquin is the only lambic blendery in the mainly French-speaking, southern region of Wallonia. In addition, Tilquin is the only blendery that is allowed to blend one, two, and three-year-old lambics with wort acquired from Boon, Lindemans, Girardin, and Cantillon breweries.

Lindemans Brewery
Lindemans Brewery (Brouwerij Lindemans) is a Belgian family brewery based in Vlezenbeek, a small town in Flemish Brabant, southwestern Brussels.  It produces lambics, a style of Belgian ale that uses raw wheat and wild yeast.
Friedrich Ernst Ruhkopf
Friedrich Ernst Ruhkopf (Latin: Fridericus Ernestus Ruhkopf; 1 October 1760 – 1821) was a German philologist and educator born in Soßmar, a village near Hildesheim.

Ruhkopf was a schoolteacher in Ruppin, and in 1794 was appointed rector at Bielefeld. From 1815 to 1821, he was director of the Lyceum in Hanover. He is remembered for his work in classical philology, in particular, his five-volume edition of Seneca, titled "L. Annaei Senecae philosophi Opera omnia quae supersunt" (1797-1811).

Lyceum
The lyceum is a category of educational institution defined within the education system of many countries, mainly in Europe. The definition varies among countries; usually it is a type of secondary school. Basic science and some introduction to specific professions are generally taught.
Artois Bock
Artois Bock was a speciality beer, brewed by InBev, and first sold in May 2005 based upon a recipe dating from 1892. It was brewed in a "Bock" style and was 6.2% ABV.

The beer was phased out following the launch of the new Eiken Artois in 2008, in a revamp of the "Artois Family" brand to try to stem falling sales. Eiken Artois was itself withdrawn from sale later in 2008.

Alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, divided by the volume of the solution, both at 20 °C (68 °F). Pure ethanol is lighter than water, with a density of 0.78945 g/mL (0.82353 oz/US fl oz; 0.79122 oz/imp fl oz; 0.45633 oz/cu in). The alc/vol standard is used worldwide. The International Organization of Legal Metrology has tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures.

In some countries, e.g. France, alcohol by volume is often referred to as degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac), although there is a slight difference since the Gay-Lussac convention uses the International Standard Atmosphere value for temperature, 15 °C (59 °F).
Aoi Bungaku
Aoi Bungaku Series (青い文学シリーズ; "Blue Literature Series") is a twelve episode Japanese anime series featuring adaptations inspired by six short stories from Japanese literature. The six stories are adapted from classic Japanese tales. Happinet, Hakuhodo DY Media Partners, McRAY, MTI, Threelight Holdings, Movic, and Visionare were involved in the production of the series. Character designs were provided by manga artists Takeshi Obata (#1–4, 7–8), Tite Kubo (#5–6, 11, 12) and Takeshi Konomi (#9–10). The stories adapted here may stray away significantly from the original plot of the classics, even if they try to capture the essence of the stories. There are some titbits told by the host Sakai Masato about the background of the story before the animation starts.

Hakuhodo DY Holdings
Hakuhodo DY Holdings Inc. (株式会社博報堂DYホールディングス) is a Japanese advertising holding company that owns Hakuhodo, Daiko, and Yomiko Advertising. It is the second largest advertising company in Japan, following Dentsu. Its headquarters are located in Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo.
Landsverk L-5
Landsverk L-5 was one of the first tanks designed by the Swedish industrial company Landsverk. It was first produced in 1929 as a series of experimental wheeled-and-tracked vehicles utilizing the wheel-cum-track system. It never entered service and the prototype remained uncompleted.

The concept was revived in the Landsverk L-30 design a few years later.

AB Landsverk
AB Landsverk (full name: Aktiebolaget Landsverk, lit. 'The Corporation Landsverk') was a Swedish heavy industry company, manufacturing a wide variety of tracked and wheeled military vehicles, such as tractor units, off-road vehicles and armoured vehicles, etc, most notably the world's first welded tank constructions, among others, but also a wide variety of civilian heavy equipment, such as railroad cars, harbour cranes and agricultural machinery.

It was founded in 1872 as Firman Petterson & Ohlsen. It was located in Landskrona, Sweden.
Kunzea montana
Kunzea montana, commonly known as mountain kunzea, is a flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with more or less round leaves and heads of cream-coloured to pale yellow flowers on the ends of the branches in late spring. It is an uncommon species, growing on rocky mountain slopes, but all populations are conserved in the Stirling Range National Park.

Stirling Range National Park
Stirling Range National Park  is a national park in the Great Southern region of Western Australia, approximately 337 kilometres (209 mi) south-east of Perth.

There is also an eponymous locality, stretching across the shires of Cranbrook, Gnowangerup and Plantagenet, but the boundaries of the national park and the locality are not identical.
Rachmaninoff Glacier
Rachmaninoff Glacier (Russian: Lednik Rahmaninova; 72°30′00″S 72°35′00″W﻿ / ﻿72.50000°S 72.58333°W﻿ / -72.50000; -72.58333) is a glacier flowing south from the Monteverdi Peninsula on Alexander Island, into Britten Inlet. It was named by the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1987 after Sergei Rachmaninoff (1873-1943), the Russian composer.

Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union
The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991. It united the country's leading scientists and was subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (until 1946 the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union).

In 1991, by the decree of the President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Russian Academy of Sciences was established on the basis of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.
Hittin' the Note
Hittin' the Note is the twelfth and final studio album by American rock group the Allman Brothers Band. Released through Sanctuary Records, it is their only studio album to include both slide guitar player Derek Trucks and bass player Oteil Burbridge and marks the full-time return of guitar player Warren Haynes to the band. It is also their only studio album not to include original guitarist Dickey Betts.

The track "Instrumental Illness" was nominated for Best Rock Instrumental Performance at the 46th Annual Grammy Awards, losing to "Plan B" from Jeff by Jeff Beck.

Dickey Betts
Forrest Richard "Dickey" Betts (December 12, 1943 – April 18, 2024) was an American rock guitarist and vocalist, best known as a longtime member of the Allman Brothers Band.  A co-founder of the band when it formed in 1969,  he was central to the group's greatest commercial success in the mid-1970s, and was the writer and vocalist on the Allmans' hit single "Ramblin' Man".  The Allman Brothers Band broke up and re-formed twice, always with Betts in the lineup, until he left the group in 2000.

Starting in 1974, Betts also fronted his own bands, performing concerts and recording records.  He released albums as Dickey Betts and Great Southern, the Dickey Betts Band, and under his own name.
Arukharka
Arukharka  is a village development committee in Syangja District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 3,397 people living in 878 individual households. The VDC office is located at the sherbazzar which is the VDC center. This is approximately 4 km from Sarketari bazzar of Siddhartha Highway. 
This VDC consists of one Higher Secondary School Name as Jana Adarsa Higher Secondary School.

Syangja District
Syangja District (Nepali: स्याङ्जा जिल्ला; Listenⓘ) is a part of Gandaki Province, and is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Its headquarter is Putalibazar with a diverse population including Brahmin, Magars, Chhetri, Dalit and Gurung communities. Syangja is home to attractions like the ancient temples of Garaunsur and Akala, scenic viewpoints such as Panchase, and the historical town of Waling, making it a growing eco-tourism destination. The economy is primarily based on agriculture, with rice, maize, millet, and fruits like oranges being widely cultivated. Syangja is the leading orange producer in Nepal with 22,000 tons in 2023. The district has several educational institutions, and many residents pursue higher education in cities like Pokhara and Kathmandu. Connected by highways to major cities like Pokhara and Butwal, the district covers an area of 1,164 km2 (449 sq mi) and has a population of 254,965.
GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase
The enzyme GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.47) catalyzes the chemical reaction

GDP-mannose  GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose + H2O

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is GDP-mannose 4,6-hydro-lyase (GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose-forming). Other names in common use include guanosine 5'-diphosphate-D-mannose oxidoreductase, guanosine diphosphomannose oxidoreductase, guanosine diphosphomannose 4,6-dehydratase, GDP-D-mannose dehydratase, GDP-D-mannose 4,6-dehydratase, Gmd, and GDP-mannose 4,6-hydro-lyase.  This enzyme participates in fructose and mannose metabolism.  It employs one cofactor, NAD+.

Lyase
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a Michael reaction). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:

ATP → cAMP + PPi

Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
Nick Adams (rugby union)
Nick Adams (born 11 October 1977 in Preston, England) is an English rugby union player and coach for Stourbridge R.F.C.

Nick Adams' position of choice is as a prop.

He has previously played for US Montauban, CS Bourgoin-Jallieu, Cornish Pirates and London Wasps.

In April 2012, Adams won the National League 3 Midlands title with Rugby Lions in his first season. The Lions achieved the championship having won every game they played. Adams left the Lions in June 2012, joining Stourbridge Saxons as a player and coach.

Cornish Pirates
The Cornish Pirates (Cornish: An Vorladron Gernewek) are a professional rugby union team who play in the Champ Rugby, the second level of the English rugby union pyramid, and are the premier Cornish rugby club. The Cornish Pirates team are the 'First XV' of the Penzance & Newlyn Rugby Football Club, and play and train at their home ground, the Mennaye Field in Penzance.
United Party (The Gambia)
The United Party was a political party in the Gambia. The party was founded during the colonial period in the-then colony of Bathurst (today known as Banjul). The party drew support mainly from Roman Catholics. In Banjul it had support mainly amongst the Wolofs, and in the rural areas mainly amongst Fulas. The party was led by former Chief Minister Pierre Sarr N'Jie, and acted as the main opposition to the People's Progressive Party from 1962 to 1975.

In 1963, the People's Progressive Party and Democratic Congress Alliance invited the United Party to join the government. After two years, the party left the government. Its position as an opposition party would begin to decline in the following years. In 1970, the party suffered a heavy blow when its Secretary-General joined the PPP.

During the 1970s and 1980s, the party heavily opposed the Senegambia Confederation.

People's Progressive Party (The Gambia)
The People's Progressive Party is a political party in the Gambia. It was the dominant ruling party of the Gambia from 1962 to 1994, during the presidency of party founder Dawda Jawara.

The People's Progressive Party lost power after the 1994 Gambian coup d'état, which saw the beginning of the authoritarian regime of Yahya Jammeh. The Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction (APRC) then became the dominant party of the Gambia. Today, the People's Progressive Party remains active, but lacks the same level of influence it exercised in the late 20th century.
Michigan Central Railroad
The Michigan Central Railroad (reporting mark MC) was originally chartered in 1832 to establish rail service between Detroit, Michigan, and St. Joseph, Michigan. The railroad later operated in the states of Michigan, Indiana, and Illinois in the United States and the province of Ontario in Canada. After about 1867 the railroad was controlled by the New York Central Railroad, which later became part of Penn Central and then Conrail. After the 1998 Conrail breakup, Norfolk Southern Railway now owns much of the former Michigan Central trackage.

At the end of 1925, MC operated 1,871 miles (3,011 km) of road and 4,139 miles (6,661 km) of track; that year it reported 4,304,000 net ton-miles of revenue freight and 600 million passenger-miles.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Stare Wnory
Stare Wnory [ˈstarɛ ˈvnɔrɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kobylin-Borzymy, within Wysokie Mazowieckie County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

Five Polish citizens were murdered by Nazi Germany in the village during World War II.

Wysokie Mazowieckie County
Wysokie Mazowieckie County (Polish: powiat wysokomazowiecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Wysokie Mazowieckie, which lies 49 kilometres (30 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok. The only other towns in the county are Ciechanowiec, lying 27 km (17 mi) south of Wysokie, Szepietowo, 6 km (4 mi) south of Wysokie, and as from 1 January 2011 Czyżew.

The county covers an area of 1,288.49 square kilometres (497.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population was 57,051, out of which the population of Wysokie Mazowieckie was 9,415, that of Ciechanowiec 4,631, that of Czyżew 2,633, that of Szepietowo 2,170, and the rural population 38,202.
UIC wagon numbers
Wagon numbers (or coach numbers) are key data for railway operations. They enable a railway wagon or coach to be positively identified and form a common language between railway operators, infrastructure companies and the state authorities. The system of wagon numbering has been laid down by the International Union of Railways (Union internationale des chemins de fer or UIC, founded in 1922) and is similar to that used for the locomotives and multiple units. Vehicle numbering is now governed by the Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail and in Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) of the European Union.

The complete wagon number comprises 12 digits. The individual digits have the following meaning:

Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail
The Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail (OTIF /ˈoʊtɪf/, from French: Organisation intergouvernementale pour les Transports Internationaux Ferroviaires; OTIF), is an intergovernmental organisation that governs international rail transport. As of 2019, 51 European, African, and Near Eastern states are members of OTIF. M. Wolfgang Küpper has been the Secretary general since April 2019.

OTIF deploys tools to facilitate international rail traffic and works closely together to achieve this with the International Rail Transport Committee (CIT), the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA), the European Commission's Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport (DG MOVE), and the Organization for Cooperation of Railways (OSJD).