hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Infuser
A tea infuser is a device in which loose, dried tea leaves are placed for steeping or brewing, in a mug or a teapot full of hot water. It is sometimes called a teaball, tea maker or tea egg. The tea infuser gained popularity in the first half of the 19th century. Tea infusers enable one to easily steep tea from fannings and broken leaf teas.

Spoon
A spoon (UK: /ˈspuːn/, US: /ˈspun/ SPOON) is a utensil consisting of a shallow bowl (also known as a head), oval or round, at the end of a handle. A type of cutlery (sometimes called flatware in the United States), especially as part of a place setting, it is used primarily for transferring food to the mouth (eating). Spoons are also used in food preparation to measure, mix, stir and toss ingredients and for serving food. Present day spoons are made from metal (notably stainless steel, flat silver or silverware, plated or solid), wood, porcelain or plastic. There are many different types of spoons made from different materials by different cultures for different purposes and food.
Chlorissa viridata
Chlorissa viridata, the small grass emerald, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae. It is found from western Europe to the eastern Palearctic.

10th edition of Systema Naturae
The 10th edition of Systema Naturae (Latin; the English title is A General System of Nature) is a book written by Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature. In it, Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature for animals, something he had already done for plants in his 1753 publication of Species Plantarum.
Johanna (East Indiaman)
Johanna  (or Joanna) was an East Indiaman for the British East India Company (EIC), possibly named for the island of Anjouan, then known as Johanna.  She made five voyages for the EIC between c. 1671 and 1681, On her sixth voyage she became the first Indiaman lost on the South African coast when she wrecked on 8 June 1682.

Anjouan
Anjouan ([ɑ̃.ʒu.ɑ̃]) is an autonomous volcanic island in the Comoro Islands in the southwestern Indian Ocean, part of the Union of the Comoros. It is known in Shikomori as Ndzuani, Ndzuwani or Nzwani, and, until the early twentieth century when the name fell out of general use (although still sometimes used by English-speakers in Zanzibar), in English as Johanna. Historically it was also called Hinzuan or Hanzoan.

Its chief town is Mutsamudu and, as of 2006, its population is around 277,500. The total area of the island is 424 square kilometres (163 square miles).
Samuel Haida
Samuel ben Moses Haida (Hebrew: שמואל בן משה היידא; 1626 – 1 June 1685) was a Bohemian Kabbalistic author. He was dayyan and preacher in Prague, which was probably his native city.

He edited the Tanna debe Eliyahu Rabbah with two commentaries and copious references (Prague, 1676); but he changed the text arbitrarily, considering himself to be under the inspiration of the prophet Elijah, whom he believed to be the author of this work of an unknown writer in the 10th century. In order to receive this inspiration he fasted, visited the graves of pious men, and engaged in different mystic practises. He justifies pilpulistic methods, and finds even for the habit of gesticulations at Talmudic disputations a basis in Biblical and Talmudic literature, for which he is severely criticized by Yair Ḥayyim Bacharach.

Beth din
A beth din (Hebrew: בֵּית דִּין, romanized: Bēṯ Dīn, Beit Din, lit. 'house of judgment', [beːθ ˈdiːn], Ashkenazic: beis din, plural: batei din) is a rabbinical court of Judaism. A hearing held before a beth din is called a din Torah (Hebrew: דין תורה, romanized: din Torah, lit. 'Torah law', plural dinei Torah). A beth din can be found both in Israel and in many Jewish diaspora communities.

A ruling (Hebrew: פסק, romanized: psak) from a beth din is based upon Jewish law (Hebrew: הלכה, romanized: halakha), though other legal systems are occasionally incorporated. Because it is not part of secular legal systems, when a case overlaps with secular courts its judgment is not always recognized by such courts.
Pyruvate kinase deficiency
Pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) is an inherited metabolic disorder of the enzyme pyruvate kinase which affects the survival of red blood cells. Both autosomal dominant and recessive inheritance have been observed with the disorder; classically, and more commonly, the inheritance is autosomal recessive. Pyruvate kinase deficiency is the second most common cause of enzyme-deficient hemolytic anemia, following G6PD deficiency.

Heredity
Heredity, also called inheritance or biological inheritance, is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring; either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents. Through heredity, variations between individuals can accumulate and cause species to evolve by natural selection. The study of heredity in biology is genetics.
Alla flickor
"Alla flickor" ("All the girls") is a 2005 single from Swedish pop singer Linda Bengtzing released after her participation at Melodifestivalen 2005 during the first quarter of 2005. At Svensktoppen, the song stayed for eight weeks during the time 1 May 2005 – 26 June 2005, peaking at number seven. The song also peaked at number eight on the Swedish Singles Chart.

The song was originally recorded by Pernilla Wahlgren, who showed interest in performing this at Melodifestivalen, however, the artist director, Christer Björkman, required a younger singer, therefore Bengtzing was selected. Later, Lotta Engberg was intended to perform the song, until Edward af Sillén claimed that Lotta Engberg (born 5 March 1963) by 2005 no longer could be considered a "girl".

Svensktoppen
Svensktoppen (Swedish: [ˈsvɛ̂nːskˌtɔpːɛn]) is a weekly record chart airing on Sveriges Radio. Until January 2003, the songs had to be in the Swedish language. Svensktoppen has aired since 1962, except for the years 1982–1985. In the years leading up to the January 2003 change, the programme was strongly dominated by dansband music.

The first number-one hit song was "Midnattstango" performed by Swedish crooner Lars Lönndahl.

New rules on 17 January 2016 restricted the maximum length for a song to chart to one year.
Jörg Haas
Jörg Haas (born 27 February 1968) is a German middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 800 metres at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He was the 1992 800 metres national champion at the German Athletics Championships.

Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres
The men's 800 metres was an event at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. There were a total number of 59 participating athletes from 48 nations, with eight qualifying heats. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by 0.04 seconds by William Tanui of Kenya, the second straight Games in which a Kenyan man won the 800 metres. Johnny Gray returned the United States to podium after a 16-year absence.
Thomas Røed
Thomas Røed (born 26 May 1974) is a retired Norwegian football midfielder.

He started his youth career in Lier IL and is the older brother of Vegard Røed.

Røed spent much of his career with Odd Grenland, playing for the club from 1999 through the 2003 season and winning the Norwegian Cup in 2000. In 2004, he moved to the second-tier club Pors Grenland and scored one goal there. He also played for Odd Grenland in European competition, appearing in the 2001-02 UEFA Cup qualifying round against Helsingborgs IF.

After retiring he was the head coach of Lier IL, leaving in 2012 to become assistant manager of Sparta/Bragerøen. Sparta/Bragerøen merged to form Stoppen SK, which Røed then coached.

2001–02 UEFA Cup
The 2001–02 UEFA Cup was won by Feyenoord at their home ground in the final against Borussia Dortmund. It was the second time they won the competition.

Liverpool could not defend their title as they automatically qualified for the 2001–02 UEFA Champions League and also reached the knockout stage.
Läderach
Läderach (brand presence: Läderach Switzerland) is a family run Swiss chocolate and confectionary manufacturer based in Ennenda (Glarus). It was founded in 1962 in Glarus by Rudolf Läderach (1929–2013). His patent for the process of manufacturing hollow, ready-made chocolate truffles revolutionized the fine chocolate industry. In 2004 Läderach decided to enter the consumer market by acquiring Merkur Confiserie AG, a well-established chocolate retailer. In 2012 the company was further vertically integrated towards end-consumers when it opened  its first factory in Bilten in the Alps region. As of 2025 Läderach operates 220 stores.

Chocolate truffle
A chocolate truffle is a French chocolate confectionery traditionally made with a chocolate ganache center and coated in cocoa powder, coconut, or chopped nuts. A chocolate truffle is handrolled into a spherical or ball shape. The name derives from the chocolate truffle's similarity in appearance to truffles, a tuber fungus.
Stop Dragon My Heart Around
"Stop Dragon My Heart Around" is the seventh episode of the American black comedy superhero drama television series Peacemaker, a spin-off from the 2021 film The Suicide Squad. The episode was written by series creator James Gunn and directed by Brad Anderson. It originally aired on HBO Max on February 10, 2022.

The series is set after the events of The Suicide Squad, and follows Chris Smith / Peacemaker. Smith returns to his home but is forced to work with A.R.G.U.S. agents on a classified operation only known as "Project Butterfly". Smith also has to deal with his personal demons, including feeling haunted by memories of people he killed for "peace", as well as reconnecting with his estranged father. In the episode, the team is separated and subsequently chased by many personal enemies, which ends with some deaths.

The episode received acclaim from critics, who praised the writing, directing, performances, emotional tone and set-up for the finale.

A.R.G.U.S.
A.R.G.U.S. (Advanced Research Group Uniting Super-Humans) is a fictional government organization appearing in DC Comics. A.R.G.U.S. first appeared in Justice League vol. 2 #7 and was created by Geoff Johns and Gene Ha.

Headed by Amanda Waller, A.R.G.U.S. is typically depicted as a parent organization for the previously established Checkmate and Suicide Squad organizations. Since its debut, A.R.G.U.S has been adapted into numerous television projects within the Arrowverse, the DC Extended Universe, and DC Universe (both film and television), as well as numerous animated projects.
Gymnogeophagus pseudolabiatus
Gymnogeophagus pseudolabiatus is a species of geophagine cichlid. It inhabits parts of the Uruguay and Río Negro rivers. It is characterised by the absence of supraneural bones, the presence of a forward spine in its first dorsal fin pterygiophore, the absence of an oblique bar between the eye and nape, possessing a black marking near the dorsal fin origin that projects to its dorsum, as well as other features.

Nape
The nape is the back of the neck. In technical anatomical/medical terminology, the nape is also called the nucha (from the Medieval Latin rendering of the Arabic نُخَاع, 'spinal marrow'). The corresponding adjective is nuchal, as in the term nuchal rigidity for neck stiffness.

In many mammals, the nape bears a loose, non-sensitive area of skin, known as the scruff, by which a mother carries her young by her teeth, temporarily immobilizing it during transport.  In the mating of cats, the male will grip the female's scruff with his teeth to help immobilize her during the act, a form of pinch-induced behavioral inhibition.
Pflüger
Pflüger is a German occupational surname meaning plowman or tillerman. Spelling variations of this family name include: Pfluger, Pflueger, Fluger, Pleumann, and Plemmons, among others.

Notable people with the surname include:

August Pfluger (born 1978), American military officer and politician

Eduard Friedrich Wilhelm Pflüger (1829–1910), German physiologist

Friedbert Pflüger (born 1955), German politician

Tobias Pflüger (born 1965), German politician

August Pfluger
August Lee Pfluger (/ˈfluːɡər/ FLOO-gər; born December 28, 1977) is an American politician and Air Force officer serving as the U.S. representative for Texas's 11th congressional district since 2021. A member of the Republican Party, his district includes much of West Texas.
Philosophy of psychedelics
Philosophy of psychedelics is the philosophical investigation of the psychedelic experience. While psychedelic, entheogenic or hallucinogenic substances have been used by many traditional cultures throughout history mostly for religious purposes, recorded philosophical speculation and analysis of these substances, their phenomenological effects and the relevance of these altered states of consciousness to philosophical questions is a relatively late phenomenon in the history of philosophy. Traditional cultures who use psychedelic substances such as the Amazonian and Indigenous Mexican peoples hold that ingesting medicinal plants such as Ayahuasca and Peyote allows one to commune with the beings of the spirit world.

Hallucinogen
Hallucinogens, also known as psychedelics, entheogens, or historically as psychotomimetics, are a large and diverse class of psychoactive drugs that can produce altered states of consciousness characterized by major alterations in thought, mood, and perception as well as other changes. Hallucinogens are often categorized as either being psychedelics, dissociatives, or deliriants, but not all hallucinogens fall into these three classes.
Natural History Museum (Paranesti)
The Natural History Museum is a museum in Paranesti, Greece, which has been operating since October 2002 and has an exhibition space exceeding 300 sq. m., in which the presentation of the exhibits is done in the most modern way, providing rich information about the geology, the rocks, the fossils and the wealth flora and fauna of Rhodope region and the valley of Nestos.

Rhodope (regional unit)
Rhodope (Greek: Ροδόπη, Rodópi [roˈðopi]) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of East Macedonia and Thrace. Its name is derived from the Rhodope Mountains, which cover the northern part of its territory. Together with the regional units Evros and Xanthi, it forms the geographical region of Western Thrace. The capital of the prefecture is the city of Komotini. The second largest town is Sapes. Most of the Muslims of Thrace, the only officially recognized minority in Greece, are settled in this area, where they form around half of the regional unit's population.
Palacrodon
Palacrodon is an extinct genus of Triassic reptile with a widespread distribution. It was initially described from teeth collected in Early Triassic deposits in South Africa, and later reported from the Early Triassic of Antarctica and the Late Triassic of Arizona. Although previously considered an early rhynchocephalian, it is currently considered to be a non-saurian neodiapsid.

Late Triassic
The Late Triassic is the third and final epoch of the Triassic Period in the geologic time scale, spanning the time between 237 Ma and 201.4 Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Middle Triassic Epoch and followed by the Early Jurassic Epoch. The corresponding series of rock beds is known as the Upper Triassic. The Late Triassic is divided into the Carnian, Norian and Rhaetian ages.

Many of the first dinosaurs evolved during the Late Triassic, including Plateosaurus, Coelophysis, Herrerasaurus, and Eoraptor. The Triassic–Jurassic extinction event began during this epoch and  is one of the five major mass extinction events of the Earth.
722 Frieda
722 Frieda (prov. designation: A911 UN or 1911 NA) is a bright background asteroid and slow rotator from the inner regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered by Austrian astronomer Johann Palisa at the Vienna Observatory on 18 October 1911. The stony S-type asteroid has a notably long rotation period of 131.1 hours and measures approximately 9 kilometers (6 miles) in diameter. It was named after Frieda Hillebrand, daughter of Austrian astronomer Karl Hillebrand (1861–1939), and grand-daughter of Edmund Weiss (1837–1917) who had been the director of the discovering observatory.

Provisional designation in astronomy
Provisional designation is the naming convention applied to astronomical objects immediately following their discovery. The provisional designation is usually superseded by a permanent designation once a reliable orbit has been calculated. As of 2019, approximately 47% of the more than 1,100,000 known minor planets remain provisionally designated, as hundreds of thousands have been discovered in the last two decades. The modern system is overseen by the Minor Planet Center of the International Astronomical Union.
Sally–Anne test
The Sally–Anne test is a psychological test originally conceived by Daniel Dennett, used in developmental psychology to measure a person's social cognitive ability to attribute false beliefs to others. Based on the earlier study by Wimmer and Perner (1983), the Sally–Anne test was so named by Simon Baron-Cohen, Alan M. Leslie, and Uta Frith (1985) who developed the test further; in 1988, Leslie and Frith repeated the experiment with human actors (rather than dolls) and found similar results.

Daniel Dennett
Daniel Clement Dennett III (March 28, 1942 – April 19, 2024) was an American philosopher and cognitive scientist. His research centered on the philosophy of mind, the philosophy of science, and the philosophy of biology, particularly as those fields relate to evolutionary biology and cognitive science.

Dennett was the co-director of the Center for Cognitive Studies and the Austin B. Fletcher Professor of Philosophy at Tufts University in Massachusetts. Dennett was a member of the editorial board for The Rutherford Journal and a co-founder of The Clergy Project.

A vocal atheist and secularist, Dennett has been described as "one of the most widely read and debated American philosophers". He was referred to as one of the "Four Horsemen" of New Atheism, along with Richard Dawkins, Sam Harris, and Christopher Hitchens.
Video Shader
Video Shader is a graphics card feature that ATI advertises on their R300 and R400 cards.  The R500 card is advertised as having Video Shader HD.  Video shader is a feature that describes ATI's process of using Pixel Shaders to improve quality of video playback.  It can also be used to perform post-processing, like adding a film grain, or adding other special effects.

One feature of Video Shader is ATI Full Stream.  Full Stream detects the edges of video compression blocks and uses a pixel shader based filter to smooth the picture hiding the blocks.  Another is Video Soap, which reduces video noise.

Other features are DXVA support for Hardware Motion Compensation, iDCT, DCT and color space conversion. Support for Hardware Motion Compensation, iDCT, DCT and color space conversion is also listed.

Video Shader has been superseded by Unified Video Decoder (UVD) and Video Coding Engine (VCE).

Shader
In computer graphics, a shader is a programmable operation which is applied to data as it moves through the rendering pipeline. Shaders can act on data such as vertices and primitives—to generate or morph geometry—and fragments –to calculate the values in a rendered image.

Shaders can execute a wide variety of operations and can run on different types of hardware. In modern real-time computer graphics, shaders are run on graphics processing units (GPUs) –dedicated hardware which provides highly parallel execution of programs. As rendering an image is embarrassingly parallel, fragment and pixel shaders scale well on SIMD hardware. Historically, the drive for faster rendering has produced highly-parallel processors which can in turn be used for other SIMD amenable algorithms. Such shaders executing in a compute pipeline are commonly called compute shaders.
Association of Serbo-Macedonians
The Association of Serbo-Macedonians (Serbian and Macedonian: Друштво Србо-Македонци, romanized: Društvo Srbo-Makedonci), was a group founded by intellectuals from the region of Macedonia in 1886, and based in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire. The association propagated a kind of pro-Serbian  Slav Macedonian identity, distinguished especially from the ethnic identity of the Bulgarians. This was the first step of a plan to eventual Serbianisation of the Macedonian Slavs, promoted by the Serbian government.

Macedonian Bulgarians
Macedonians (Bulgarian: македонци), or Macedonian Bulgarians (Bulgarian: македонски българи), sometimes also referred to as Macedono-Bulgarians, Macedo-Bulgarians, or Bulgaro-Macedonians, are a regional, ethnographic group of ethnic Bulgarians, inhabiting or originating from the region of Macedonia. This is how the majority of Slavic-speaking population of Macedonia had been referred to by most of the national conscious minority among them and by outside observers, from the 10th until the early 20th century in a sense of a demonym at first, and later as an social class synonym mainly, and as an ethnonym. Since 1913, the Macedonian Bulgarian population is largely concentrated in Pirin Macedonia but much is spread across the whole of Bulgaria and the diaspora.
Clyst Honiton
Clyst Honiton (or Honiton Clyst) is an English village and civil parish five miles from Exeter in the East Devon district, in the county of Devon. The church is St Michael and All Angels. Exeter International Airport which opened in 1938 is located on the outskirts of the village. The village was originally on the main A30 road from Exeter to Honiton but was bypassed in the 1990s. Another bypass to the east of the village linking the A30 to the new developments around Cranbrook opened in October 2013.

The parish is surrounded clockwise from the north by the parishes of Broadclyst, Rockbeare, Aylesbeare, Farringdon and Sowton. In 2001 its population was 295.

The village is mentioned in the Robyn Hitchcock song "Goodnight I Say".

A30 road
The A30 is a major road in England, running 284 miles (457 km) WSW from London to Land's End.

The road has been a principal axis in Britain from the 17th century to early 19th century, as a major coaching route and post road. It used to provide the fastest route from London to the South West by land until a century before roads were numbered; nowadays much of this function is performed by the M3 (including A316) and A303 roads. The road has kept its principal status in the west from Honiton, Devon to Land's End where it is mainly dual carriageway and retains trunk road status.
Neumagen-Dhron
Neumagen-Dhron is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is a state-recognized tourism community, and it was the seat of the former Verbandsgemeinde of Neumagen-Dhron. Its situation and amenities make it a lower-order centre.

SWR Fernsehen
SWR Fernsehen is a German regional television channel targeting the states of Baden-Württemberg and Rhineland-Palatinate. It is produced by Südwestrundfunk (SWR) and is one of eight regional "third channels" broadcast by the ARD members.
Jaan Pöör
Jaan Pöör (born 17 December 1950 in Loksa) is an Estonian politician. He was a member of VIII Riigikogu.

Pöör graduated from Tallinn University of Technology as an electrical engineer. From 1990 until 1995, he was the mayor of Alatskivi Parish. Jaan Pöör is a member of the People's Union.

Tallinn University of Technology
Established in 1918, Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech; Estonian: Tallinna Tehnikaülikool) is the only technical university in Estonia. TalTech, in the capital city of Tallinn, is a university for engineering, business, public administration and maritime affairs. TalTech has colleges in Tartu and Kohtla-Järve. Despite the similar names, Tallinn University and Tallinn University of Technology are separate institutions.