hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Hazzard Carson
John Hazzard Carson (March 24, 1752 – March 5, 1841) was an American military officer, politician, planter, and revolutionary. He served in the North Carolina Militia during the American Revolutionary War and as a delegate for Burke County to the Fayetteville Convention. Carson served in the North Carolina House of Representatives in 1805 and 1806. He was the owner of Carson House, a plantation in Marion, North Carolina.

North Carolina House of Representatives
The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House, who holds powers similar to those of the President pro-tem in the North Carolina Senate. Representatives serve two-year terms.

The qualifications to be a member of the House are found in the state Constitution: "Each Representative, at the time of his election, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election." Elsewhere, the constitution specifies that qualified voters that are 21 are eligible for candidacy except if otherwise disqualified by the constitution, and that no elected officials may deny the existence of God, although the latter provision is no longer enforced.

Prior to the Constitution of 1868, the lower house of the North Carolina Legislature was known as the North Carolina House of Commons.
James Milling
James Thomas Milling Jr. (born February 14, 1965) is an American former professional football played who was a wide receiver in the  National Football League (NFL). He played three seasons for the Atlanta Falcons. He was selected by the Falcons in the tenth round of the 1988 NFL draft with the 278th overall pick. He played college football for the Maryland Terrapins.

1988 NFL draft
The 1988 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held April 24–25, 1988, at the Marriot Marquis in New York City, New York. The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season.

With the first overall pick of the draft, the Atlanta Falcons selected linebacker Aundray Bruce. Notably, the first player selected at the quarterback position did not come until the third round (68th overall) with Tom Tupa (by the Phoenix Cardinals), who was also selected because of his ability as a punter. This is the last draft in which the first quarterback was selected this late.  In fact, only one draft since – 1996 – has gone without a quarterback being drafted in the first round!
Toronto Native Sons
The Toronto Native Sons were a Canadian junior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey Association (OHA) from 1933 until 1942. They played at Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto. Prior to moving up to the OHA, the team played in the Toronto Junior Hockey League and were coached by Harold Cotton. The Native Sons were league finalists in 1938–39 for the J. Ross Robertson Cup, losing in three games to the Oshawa Generals.

Five alumni of the Native Sons graduated to play in the National Hockey League. Hockey Hall of Fame inductee Bill Quackenbush played for the team in the 1940–41 season. Other alumni include; Al Dewsbury, Red Heron, George Parsons and John Webster.

George Parsons (ice hockey)
George Henry Parsons (June 28, 1914 – June 30, 1998) was a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger who played 64 games with the Toronto Maple Leafs. Parsons suffered a career-ending eye injury in 1939, forcing him to retire from the National Hockey League. Parsons later became involved with CCM hockey and the development of hockey helmets and facial protection. The George Parsons Trophy is given annually to the player judged to be the most sportsmanlike at the Memorial Cup tournament.
A Beautiful Morning
"A Beautiful Morning" is a song written by Felix Cavaliere and Eddie Brigati and recorded by the Rascals. Released in early 1968, it was the group's first track released after shortening their name from the Young Rascals. The single was one of the earliest released in stereo, as 7-inch singles generally were in mono. Together with the Doors "Hello, I Love You", it's credited with changing the industry standard of singles.

The song continued the theme of carefree optimism that had distinguished the previous year's "Groovin'". It was written one morning in Honolulu, Hawaii when the band was invited to perform there by promoter Tom Moffatt. It became a big hit in the United States, reaching number 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, and also reaching number 36 on the Hot Rhythm & Blues Singles chart. It was RIAA-certified as a Million Seller on June 28, 1968. The first album on which the song appeared was Time Peace: The Rascals' Greatest Hits.

Stereophonic sound
Stereophonic sound, commonly shortened to stereo, is a method of sound reproduction that recreates a multi-directional, 3-dimensional audible perspective. This is usually achieved by using two independent audio channels through a configuration of two loudspeakers (or stereo headphones) in such a way as to create the impression of sound heard from various directions, as in natural hearing.

Because the multi-dimensional perspective is the crucial aspect, the term stereophonic also applies to systems with more than two channels or speakers, such as quadraphonic and surround sound. Binaural sound systems are also stereophonic.

Stereo sound has been in common use since the 1970s in entertainment media such as broadcast radio, recorded music, television, video cameras, cinema, computer audio, and the Internet.
Kleitoria
Kleitoria (Greek: Κλειτορία) is a village and a municipal unit in Achaea, Peloponnese, Greece. It was also the new name of the former municipality Lefkasio, of which it was the seat, between 2008 and 2011. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Kalavryta, and became a municipal unit of this municipality. The municipal unit has an area of 253.221 km2. The site of the ancient city of Cleitor is nearby.

Achaea
Achaea (/əˈkiːə/) or Achaia (/əˈkaɪə/), sometimes transliterated from Greek as Akhaia (Αχαΐα, Akhaḯa, Greek: [axaˈia]), is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Western Greece and is situated in the northwestern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. The capital is Patras which is the third largest city in Greece.
Hofmeyr (surname)
Hofmeyr is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Genevieve Hofmeyr, South African film producer

Gray Hofmeyr (born 1949), South African film and television director

Gys Hofmeyr (1871–1942), South African civil servant and the first Administrator of South West Africa

Hendrik Hofmeyr (born 1957), South African composer

Isabel Hofmeyr (born 1953), South African academic

Jan Hofmeyr (disambiguation), multiple people

Murray Hofmeyr (1925–2018), South African rugby union player and cricketer

Steve Hofmeyr (born 1964), South African singer, songwriter and actor

Willie Hofmeyr (born 1954), South African lawyer and politician

Genevieve Hofmeyr
Genevieve Hofmeyr is a South African film producer and managing director of Moonlighting Film Production Services which she co-founded with Phillip Key in 1997. Moonlighting has co-produced several successful feature films, documentaries and television series with major U.S. studios, independent film production companies and international television networks.
Mount Webster
Mount Webster is a mountain located on the border between Coos County and Carroll County, New Hampshire, United States. Formerly called Notch Mountain, it is named after Daniel Webster (1782–1852), and is the south-westernmost of the Presidential Range of the White Mountains. Mount Webster is flanked to the northeast by Mount Jackson; to the southwest it faces Mount Willey across Crawford Notch.

The west face of Mount Webster drains directly into the Saco River, thence into the Gulf of Maine at Saco, Maine. The north and southeast faces drain into the Saco via Silver Cascade and Webster Brook respectively.

Mount Webster is on the western boundary of the Presidential Range - Dry River Wilderness. The Appalachian Trail, a 2,170-mile (3,500-km) National Scenic Trail from Georgia to Maine, runs along the ridge of the Presidentials, across the summit of Webster.

Crawford Notch
Crawford Notch is a major pass through the White Mountains of New Hampshire, located in Hart's Location. Roughly half of that town is contained in Crawford Notch State Park. The high point of the notch, at approximately 1,900 feet (580 m) above sea level, is at the southern end of the town of Carroll, near the Crawford Depot train station and Saco Lake, the source of the Saco River, which flows southward through the steep-sided notch. North of the high point of the notch, Crawford Brook flows more gently northwest to the Ammonoosuc River, a tributary of the Connecticut River.

The notch is traversed by U.S. Route 302, which closely follows the Saco River southeast to North Conway and less closely follows the Ammonoosuc River northwest to Littleton.
Pyramid Hill, Victoria
Pyramid Hill is a town in the Shire of Loddon, Victoria, Australia, between Bendigo and Kerang. As of the 2021 census, it had a population of 598. The town, which is named for a nearby hill, has walking trails and historic Art Deco architecture.

In 1836, Major Mitchell camped at a 180-metre-high granite rise he named Pyramid Hill, since its shape reminded him of Egypt's pyramids. It became part of a pastoral area. In the 1870s, a township appeared at the hill's base. After the railway station opened in 1884, the town grew quickly and moved 3 km west of the hill. Farming accounts for over 30% of employment. In 2008, a local piggery owner visited Manila to find workers, leading Pyramid Hill to develop a small Filipino community that has revitalised not just the farms but the town itself. Pyramid Hill has a team that plays in the Loddon Valley Football Netball League, and the Filipinos host an annual cultural fiesta.

Pastoral lease
A pastoral lease, sometimes called a pastoral run, is an arrangement used in both Australia and New Zealand where government-owned Crown land is leased out to graziers for the purpose of livestock grazing on rangelands.
Dear Dotty
Dear Dotty is a British television sitcom that aired on the BBC in 1954. Starring Avril Angers, Naomi Chance, and Jack Melford, the series consisted of six 30-minute episodes. All six episodes are believed to be lost.

Avril Angers
Florence Avril Angers (18 April 1918 – 9 November 2005) was an English stand-up comedian and actress. In 2005 The Daily Telegraph described her as "one of the most zestful, charming and reliable character comediennes in the postwar London theatre".
Gëzim Kasapolli
Gëzim Kasapolli (born 15 March 1976, Peja, Kosovo) is a Kosovan politician and diplomat. As of 2017, he is the Ambassador of the (Republic of Kosovo) to the Republic of Croatia . Prior to his diplomatic mandate, he was Parliamentary Adviser for European Integration and Foreign Policy, Deputy Minister and Acting Minister of European Integration of the Republic of Kosovo.

District of Peja
The District of Peja (Albanian: Rajoni  i Pejës, Serbian: Пећки округ, romanized: Pećki okrug) is one of the seven districts of Kosovo. It has its seat in the city of Peja. The district has three municipalities and 118 other settlements. According to the 2024 census, the district had 146,301 inhabitants, and is the least populated of all the districts of Kosovo.
Jewels 10th Ring
Jewels 10th Ring was a mixed martial arts (MMA) event held by MMA promotion Jewels. The event took place on October 10, 2010 (2010-10-10) at Shin-Kiba 1st Ring in Koto, Tokyo, Japan. It hosted the opening round of the second Rough Stone Grand Prix.

Abe Ani Combat Club
The Abe Ani Combat Club  is a mixed martial arts gym and training camp located in Japan. The gym is renowned mostly for its female stable of fighters who were regular competitors in the Smackgirl promotion. On its roster are prominent MMA stars such as Megumi “Mega Megu” Fujii and Hitomi Akano. Owner and head coach Hiroyuki Abe teaches mixed martial arts and former UFC Heavyweight Champion Josh Barnett is a catch wrestling coach for the gym.
Jasper Deeter
Jasper Deeter (July 31, 1893 – May 1972) was an American-born stage and film actor, stage director, and founder of Hedgerow Theatre in Rose Valley, Pennsylvania, one of the first regional repertory theatres in the United States.

Repertory theatre
A repertory theatre, also called repertory, rep, true rep or stock, which are also called producing theatres, is a theatre in which a resident company presents works from a specified repertoire, usually in alternation or rotation.
Integrin alpha 3
Integrin alpha-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITGA3 gene.
ITGA3 is an integrin alpha subunit. Together with beta-1 subunit, it makes up half of the α3β1 integrin duplex that plays a role in neural migration and corticogenesis, acted upon by such factors as netrin-1 and reelin.

ITGA3 encodes the integrin alpha 3 chain. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. Alpha chain 3 undergoes post-translational cleavage in the extracellular domain to yield disulfide-linked light and heavy chains that join with beta 1 to form an integrin that interacts with many extracellular matrix proteins.

Development of the cerebral cortex
The development of the cerebral cortex, known as corticogenesis is the process during which the cerebral cortex of the brain is formed as part of the development of the nervous system of mammals including its development in humans. The cortex is the outer layer of the brain and is composed of up to six layers.  Neurons formed in the ventricular zone migrate to their final locations in one of the six layers of the cortex. The process occurs from embryonic day 10 to 17 in mice and between gestational weeks seven to 18 in humans.

The cortex is the outermost layer of the brain and consists primarily of gray matter, or neuronal cell bodies. Interior areas of the brain consist of myelinated axons and appear as white matter.
Lake Fogliano
The Lake Fogliano is a lake located in the Province of Latina, in the Agro Pontino, in Lazio. Among the coastal lakes of the pontine region (Fogliano, Caprolace, Monaci, Paola) it is the largest, approximately 395 ha, with an extension towards the sea of about 5 km, a perimeter of about 11 km, and a width of about 1.5 km. Its maximum depth is on the order of 2/3 m. Enclosed by the coastal dune, it collects the waters of the Cicerchia channel.

Caetani
The House of Caetani  (Italian pronunciation: [ka.eˈtaː.ni]), or Gaetani, is the name of an Italian noble family, originally from the city of Gaeta, connected by some to the lineage of the lords of the Duchy of Gaeta, as well as to the patrician Gaetani of the Republic of Pisa. It played an important role in Rome, in the Papal States and in the Kingdom of Naples, and later in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
Small nucleolar RNA TBR2
Small nucleolar RNA TBR2 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule identified in Trypanosoma brucei which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

snoRNA TBR2 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family direct site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.

TBR2 was one of seventeen snoRNAs identified in Trypanosoma brucei by immunoprecipitation with anti-fibrillarin antibodies. Together with TBR12, TBR6 and TBR4 it is a part of snoRNA gene cluster that is tandemly repeated. These 4 snoRNA genes are transcribed as a polycistronic RNA transcript.

Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-coding RNAs include transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, scaRNAs and the long ncRNAs such as Xist and HOTAIR.

The number of non-coding RNAs within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest that there are thousands of non-coding transcripts. 
Many of the newly identified ncRNAs have unknown functions, if any. 
There is no consensus on how much of non-coding transcription is functional: some believe most ncRNAs to be non-functional "junk RNA", spurious transcriptions, while others expect that many non-coding transcripts have functions to be discovered.
Marilyn Carlson
Marilyn Paula Carlson (born November 8, 1954) is an American mathematics educator and researcher. She is a professor of Mathematics Education in the School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences at Arizona State University. Her work focuses on undergraduate mathematics education, particularly student learning in algebra, precalculus, and calculus, as well as curriculum development and teacher preparation.

Prior to her academic career, Carlson competed as a collegiate athlete in track and field and basketball.

University of Central Missouri
The University of Central Missouri (UCM) is a public university in Warrensburg, Missouri, United States.

In 2024, enrollment was 13,734 students from 48 states and 52 countries on its 1,561-acre campus. UCM offers 150 programs of study, including 10 pre-professional programs, 27 areas of teacher certification, and 37 graduate programs.
Cody Yerkovich
Cody Carlece Yerkovich is a New Zealand model, advocate and beauty pageant titleholder. She was the winner of the Miss New Zealand 2010 and represented her country at Miss World 2010 but unplaced.

She comes from Kaitaia in New Zealand's north. She is of Māori, German and Croatian heritage. At Auckland's Sky City Convention Centre, she won the 2010 Miss New Zealand title, beating the other 15 finalists. She was set to represent New Zealand at the Miss World beauty pageant in November of that year.

Miss World 2010
Miss World 2010 was the 60th anniversary of the Miss World pageant, held at the Crown of Beauty Theatre in Sanya, China, on 30 October 2010, after Vietnam backed out of the hosting contract.

Kaiane Aldorino of Gibraltar crowned Alexandria Mills of the United States as her successor at the end of the event. This is the third time United States has won the title.
Nils Carl Gustaf Fersen Gyldenstolpe
Nils Carl Gustaf Fersen Gyldenstolpe (30 September 1886 – 10 April 1961) was a Swedish explorer, zoologist, and ornithologist. Born in the central Swedish province of Jämtland, he visited Lapland from 1906 to 1909 and joined the expedition of Dr. Paul Rosenius to southern Algeria. He also visited Thailand in 1911–12 and the Malay Peninsula in 1914–15. He studied at Uppsala University and joined under Professor 
Einar Lönnberg at the Department of Vertebrates of the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseum in Stockholm. He continued to work here throughout his life. In 1924 he obtained a Ph.D. from Lund University for his studies on the birds of central and eastern Africa.

The subspecific name of the Tupana scythebill, Campylorhamphus procurvoides gyldenstolpei, is named after him. Also, a species of Thai lizard, Isopachys gyldenstolpei, is named in his honor.

Curve-billed scythebill
The curve-billed scythebill (Campylorhamphus procurvoides)  is a species of bird in the subfamily Dendrocolaptinae of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guyana, Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
German West African Company
The German West African Company, in German Deutsch-Westafrikanische Gesellschaft / Compagnie, was a German chartered company, founded in 1885.  It exploited the two German protectorates in German West Africa (Togo and Cameroon) but did not actually govern them — unlike its counterpart in German East Africa.

German East Africa
German East Africa (GEA; German: Deutsch-Ostafrika DOA) was a German colony in the African Great Lakes region, which included present-day Burundi, Rwanda, the Tanzania mainland, and the Kionga Triangle, a small region later incorporated into Mozambique. GEA's area was 994,996 km2 (384,170 sq mi), which is nearly three times the area of present-day Germany and almost double the area of metropolitan Germany at the time.

The colony was organised when the German military was asked in the late 1880s to put down a revolt against the activities of the German East Africa Company. It ended with Imperial Germany's defeat in World War I. Ultimately the territory was divided amongst Britain, Belgium and Portugal, and was reorganised as a mandate of the League of Nations.
Voivode of Vilnius
The Voivode of Vilnius (Lithuanian: Vilniaus vaivada, Polish: wojewoda wileński) was a high-ranking officer in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania who governed the Vilnius Voivodeship from 1413. He was considered as the most influential member of the Lithuanian Council of Lords. After the Union of Lublin in 1569, the Voivodes of Vilnius (who were senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) were ranked as the fourth highest, while the Castellans of Vilnius were ranked as the sixth highest officers among the Voivodeships of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Third Partition of the Commonwealth, the Vilnius Voivodeship was annexed by the Russian Empire and this position was annulled.

Third Partition of Poland
The Third Partition of Poland (1795) was the last in a series of the Partitions of Poland–Lithuania and the land of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth among Prussia, the Habsburg monarchy, and the Russian Empire which effectively ended Polish–Lithuanian national sovereignty until 1918. The partition was the result of the Kościuszko Uprising and was followed by a number of Polish–Lithuanian uprisings during the period.
West 21st Street Historic District
West 21st Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Erie, Erie County, Pennsylvania.  It includes 35 contributing middle and upper class residential buildings built between 1857 and 1939.  They are in a variety of popular architectural styles including Queen Anne, Italianate, and Colonial Revival.  Many of the buildings have been converted to multi-family use.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Erie County, Pennsylvania
Erie County is the northernmost county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 270,876. Its county seat is Erie. The county was created in 1800 and later organized in 1803. The county is part of the Northwest region of the commonwealth.
Piantini
Ensanche Piantini is a district or neighborhood within the city of Santo Domingo in the National District of the Dominican Republic.

Piantini is in particular populated by individuals from the upper and upper middle class, and has the second most expensive price per m2 in the country, after Los Cacicazgos’ Anacaona Avenue.

Distrito Nacional
The Distrito Nacional (D.N.; pronounced [disˈtɾito nasjoˈnal], locally [dihˈtɾito nasjoˈnal]; lit. 'National District') is a subdivision of the Dominican Republic enclosing the capital Santo Domingo. It is not in any of the provinces, but in practice, it acts as a province on its own. Before October 16, 2001, the Distrito Nacional was much larger, including what is now known as Santo Domingo Province. Published statistics and maps generally show the former, larger, Distrito Nacional. The Distrito Nacional has no rural or underdeveloped areas.