hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Mysterious Universe
The Mysterious Universe is a popular science book by the British astrophysicist Sir James Jeans, first published in 1930 by the Cambridge University Press. In the United States, it was published by Macmillan.

The book is an expanded version of the Rede Lecture delivered at the University of Cambridge in 1930. It begins with a full-page citation of the famous passage in Plato's Republic, Book VII, laying out the allegory of the cave. The book made frequent reference to the quantum theory of radiation, begun by Max Planck in 1900, to Albert Einstein's general relativity, and to the new theories of quantum mechanics of Heisenberg and Schrödinger, of whose philosophical perplexities the author seemed well aware.

A second edition appeared in 1931. The book was reprinted 15 times between 1930 and 1938 and in September 2007 (ISBN 978-0548451168).

Macmillan Inc.
Macmillan Inc. (also known as Macmillan US, and formerly the Macmillan Company) was an American book publishing company originally established as the American division of the British Macmillan Publishers. The two were later separated and acquired by other companies, with the remnants of the original American division of Macmillan present in McGraw-Hill Education's Macmillan/McGraw-Hill textbooks, Gale's Macmillan Reference USA division, and some trade imprints of Simon & Schuster (Scribner, Free Press, and Atheneum Books) that were transferred when both companies were owned by Paramount Communications.

The German publisher Holtzbrinck, which bought the British Macmillan in 1999, purchased American rights to the Macmillan name in 2001 and rebranded its American division with it in 2007.
2011 Dakar Rally
The 2011 Dakar Rally was the 33rd running of the event. It was held in Argentina and Chile for the third successive time, and ran from 1 to 16 January. The Amaury Sport Organisation and the governments of Argentina and Chile agreed to a return to South America for the event on 23 March 2010.

The rally concluded in Buenos Aires, with Vladimir Chagin of Russia achieving a record seventh victory in the truck division, at the wheel of his Kamaz, thus becoming the most successful driver in a single category in the history of the event. Nasser Al-Attiyah of Qatar and Timo Gottschalk of Germany won in the car division, giving Volkswagen their fourth successive victory in the car class. Marc Coma from Spain won his third Dakar in the motorcycle category, and Alejandro Patronelli of Argentina repeated the feat of his brother—Marcos Patronelli in 2010—to win the class for quad-bikes.

Government of Argentina
The government of Argentina,  within the framework of a federal system, is a presidential representative democratic republic. The president of Argentina is both head of state and head of government. Executive power is exercised by the president. Legislative power is vested in the National Congress. The Judiciary is independent from the Executive and from the Legislature, and is vested in the Supreme Court and the lower national tribunals. From the own government is also called Presidency of the Nation (Spanish: Presidencia de la Nación).
Prionurus chrysurus
Prionurus chrysurus, the Indonesian  sawtail or yellowtail sawtail, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. This fish is found in the western Pacific Ocean in Indonesia.

Acanthuridae
The Acanthuridae are a family of ray-finned fish which includes surgeonfishes, tangs, and unicornfishes. The family includes about 86 extant species of marine fishes living in tropical seas, usually around coral reefs. Many of the species are brightly colored and popular in aquaria.
Edgar Albert Smith
Edgar Albert Smith (29 November 1847 – 22 July 1916) was a British zoologist and malacologist.

His father was Frederick Smith, a well-known entomologist, and assistant keeper of zoology in the British Museum, Bloomsbury. Edgar Albert Smith was educated both at the North London Collegiate School and privately, being well grounded in Latin amongst other subjects, as his excellent diagnoses bear witness.

Smith married in July 1876. Subsequently, his wife and he had four sons and two daughters.

He gave more prominent attention to the fauna of the African Great Lakes and the marine molluscs of South Africa, and also the non-marine mollusc fauna of Borneo and New Guinea.

Melanoides polymorpha
Melanoides polymorpha is a species of freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Thiaridae.

This species is endemic to Lake Malawi and is found in Malawi, Tanzania, and Mozambique. It is very abundant throughout the lake in the littoral soft sediments.
A.S. Mopeli-Paulus
Atwell Sidwell Mopeli-Paulus (15 January 1913–1994) was a Mosotho writer from South Africa who published works in Sesotho and co-authored works in English. During the 1950s he completed several novels, novellas and the first draft of his autobiography.

He is best known for the novel Blanket Boy's Moon, which was co-authored with Peter Lanham (the pen name of Cecil John Lanham Parker). The book was an international bestseller and widely translated.

Witzieshoek revolt
The Witzieshoek revolt was a rebellion of Basotho residents in Witzieshoek in the Orange Free State of South Africa during the mid 20th century. It arose as a result of South African government interventions into the traditional farming practices of the Basotho, specifically those that limited the number of stock Basotho could keep and required the culling of excess. Passive resistance to the government’s legislation had escalated in the 1940s to active disobedience, when in November 1950 a confrontation between police and Basotho farmers turned violent. Fourteen Basotho were killed, and eight others deemed to be ringleaders were later sentenced to terms of imprisonment and banishment from Witzieshoek.
Michael Mansbridge
Michael Winstanley Mansbridge (1932 – 17 January 2014) was a British Anglican priest who was Archdeacon in Cyprus and the Gulf from 1983 to 1997. He was then Archdeacon in Cyprus from 1997 to 1999.

He was Chaplain of the University of Nairobi from 1962 to 1965; Vicar of Chilvers Coton with Astley from 1965 to 1975 and Rural Dean of Nuneaton from 1967-1974. He served as Vicar of Holy Trinity, Leamington from 1975 to 1988 before his appointment as Archdeacon.

University of Nairobi
The University of Nairobi (uonbi or UoN; Swahili: Chuo Kikuu cha Nairobi) is a collegiate research university based in Nairobi and is the largest university in Kenya. Although its history as an educational institution dates back to 1956, it did not become an independent university until 1970. During that year, the University of East Africa was split into three independent universities: the Makerere University in Uganda, the University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania, and the University of Nairobi in Kenya.

During the 2023 academic year, the university had 49,047 students, of whom 35,897 were undergraduates and 11,003 were postgraduates. The university launched several policy frameworks and introduced self-funded enrollment (also called 'module 2') to cope with the rising demand for higher education in Kenya.
ISO 3166-2:GR
ISO 3166-2:GR is the entry for Greece in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Greece, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for two categories of subdivisions:

13 administrative regions

one self-governed part

The departments (also called prefectures) were abolished in 2011, and were replaced approximately by regional units. The regional units were deleted from the entry in 2016.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is GR, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Greece. The second part is either of the following:

one letter (A–M): administrative regions

two digits: self-governed part

Regional units of Greece
The 74 regional units of Greece are the country's third-level administrative units (counting decentralized administrations as first-level). They are subdivisions of the country's 13 regions, and are further divided into municipalities.

They were introduced as part of the Kallikratis administrative reform on 1 January 2011 and are comparable in area and, on the mainland, coterminous with the "pre-Kallikratis" prefectures of Greece.
2022 European Ladies' Team Championship
The 2022 European Ladies' Team Championship took place 5–9 July at Conwy Golf Club in Conwy County Borough, Wales, United Kingdom. It was the 39th women's golf amateur European Ladies' Team Championship.

European Golf Association
The European Golf Association (EGA) is a non-profit organisation based in Epalinges, Switzerland, which was founded in 1937 in Luxembourg.

The EGA's main activity consists of coordinating and co-organizing European amateur golf championships. It functions in coordination with its 49 member federations. It also is the body responsible for the implementation of the World Handicap System in Europe.

In reaction to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, in March 2022 the European Golf Association announced that it would not allow teams, individuals, and officials from Russia and Belarus to participate in EGA events in 2022, and that no EGA events were planned to take place in Russia or Belarus.
Sergeants Hill
Sergeants Hill is a lightly populated locality in the West Coast region of New Zealand's South Island. It is situated in a rural setting on the eastern outskirts of Westport in the Buller District.

State Highway 67 and a branch line of the Stillwater - Westport railway both pass through Sergeants Hill. The railway is part of the first line built in the Buller District; it opened on 31 December 1875 and linked Westport with Fairdown. The line subsequently grew into the Seddonville Branch and was opened through to the Seddonville terminus on 23 February 1895. Passenger services through Sergeants Hill, which were always mixed trains, were cancelled from 14 October 1946, and on 3 May 1981, the line was closed beyond Ngakawau. Its sole traffic is now coal exported via the port of Lyttelton.

Lyttelton, New Zealand
Lyttelton (Māori: Ōhinehou or Riritana) is a port town on the north shore of Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō, on the eastern coast of the South Island of New Zealand. The town is separated from Christchurch by the Port Hills, an eroded remnant of the extinct Banks Peninsula Volcano.

The Port of Lyttelton was historically regarded as the "Gateway to Canterbury" for colonial settlers.  It is the South Island's principal goods-transport terminal, handling 34% of exports and 61% of imports by value, and is also a regular destination for cruise ships.
Silbervogel
Silbervogel (German for "silver bird") was a design for a liquid-propellant rocket-powered sub-orbital bomber produced by Eugen Sänger and Irene Bredt in the late 1930s for The Third Reich. It is also known as the RaBo (Raketenbomber – "rocket bomber").  It was one of a number of designs considered for the Amerikabomber project, which started in the spring of 1942, being focused solely on trans-Atlantic-range piston-engined strategic bombers such as the Messerschmitt Me 264 and the Junkers Ju 390, the only two airframe types which were actually built and flown for the competition. When Walter Dornberger attempted to create interest in military spaceplanes in the United States after World War II he chose the more diplomatic term antipodal bomber.

Liquid-propellant rocket
Liquid rocket fuel.

Oxidizer.

Pumps carry the fuel and oxidizer.

The combustion chamber mixes and burns the two liquids.

Combustion product gasses enter the nozzle through a throat.

Exhaust exits the rocket.

A liquid-propellant rocket or liquid rocket uses a rocket engine burning liquid propellants. (Alternate approaches use gaseous or solid propellants.) Liquids are desirable propellants because they have reasonably high density and their combustion products have high specific impulse (Isp). This allows the volume of the propellant tanks to be relatively low.
Pešek
Pešek (feminine: Pešková) is a Czech surname. It was probably derived from the given name Petr, but there is also a theory that it was derived from the Czech word pešek (meaning 'baton'). Notable people with the surname include:

Daniela Pešková (born 1984), Slovak sport shooter

Eliška Pešková (1833–1895), Czech actress and playwright

Jakub Pešek (born 1993), Czech footballer

Jiří Pešek (1927–2011), Czech footballer

Josef Pešek, Czech ice dancer

Karel Pešek (1895–1970), Czech football and ice hockey player

Karel Pešek (motorcyclist) (born 1992), Czech motorcycle racer

Ladislav Pešek (1906–1986), Czech actor

Libor Pešek (1933–2022), Czech conductor

Luděk Pešek (1919–1999), Czech artist and novelist

Lukáš Pešek (born 1985), Czech motorcycle racer

Vlasta Pešková (born 1938), Czech athlete

Karel Pešek
Karel "Káďa" Pešek (20 September 1895 – 30 September 1970) was a Czech ice hockey and football player. He played as midfielder for Sparta Prague and the Czechoslovak football national team. He played from 1913 to 1933 (interrupted only by military service during World War I), scoring 149 goals in his club career. Pešek was voted by IFFHS (International Federation of Football History and Statistics) as the 81st greatest European footballer of the 20th century, and the third greatest Czechoslovak player of the 20th century behind Josef Bican and Josef Masopust.
National Broadcasting of Guinea-Bissau
The National Broadcasting of Guinea-Bissau (RDN; in Portuguese: Radiodifusão Nacional da Guiné-Bissau), also known only as National Radio (in Portuguese: Rádio Nacional), is a public broadcasting company in Guinea-Bissau, whose head office is located in Bissau.

The RDN operates three radio stations in the country - Bissau (in city suburb of Nhacra), Catió and Gabu -, in addition to several regional stations and an international broadcast service. A network of transmitters allows the radio to cover about 80% of the country, in frequency modulation (91.5 / 104.0 FM).

The broadcasts are made mostly in Portuguese, and also have programs in the national languages of the country, namely: Creole, Fula, Balanta, Susso, Mankanya, Papel, Bijago, Felupe, Mandinka, Manjak, Beafada, Balanta Mané, Pajadinka and Nalu.

Jola-Felupe language
Jola-Felupe (Feloup, Felup, Felupe, Floup, Flup, Fulup) or Ejamat (Ediamat) is a Jola language of the Casamance region of Senegal and neighboring Guinea-Bissau, including around Calequisse (Kaləkis), on the western edge of the Manjak area south of the Cacheu River. A person is called ɸuluɸ or ajamuʂay by speakers of the dialect, and the language is called either ɛlɔp eluɸay or ɛlɔp ɛjamuʂay (or Ejamatay in Husuy).

Kerak (Keerak, Keeraku; also Her) appears to be a dialect, though Ethnologue assigns it a separate ISO code due to early survey work which suggested it was more distinct.
Jas Murphy
James Murphy (30 May 1923 – 1 December 2021), better known as Jas Murphy, was an Irish Gaelic footballer. He played at club level with Garda and at inter-county level with the Cork and Kerry senior football teams. He captained Kerry to the 1953 All-Ireland Championship.

1950 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1950 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 64th staging of Ireland's premier Gaelic football knock-out competition.

In the Leinster final Louth ended Meath's spell as All Ireland champions.

Mayo won their second All-Ireland.
William Shipway
William Charles Shipway (2 September 1862 – 28 June 1925) was an Australian politician.

Born in Braidwood to Joshua Shipway and Mary Downey, he attended school in Yass and Sydney and was articled as a solicitor, admitted in 1890. He had served in Sudan with the New South Wales Infantry Regiment in 1885. From 1894 to 1895, he was the Free Trade member for Paddington in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly. He married Mabel Adeline Bull on 15 September 1897 in Liverpool, with whom he had four children. Shipway died in Mosman in 1925.

Braidwood, New South Wales
Braidwood is a town in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, in Queanbeyan–Palerang Regional Council. It is located on the  Kings Highway linking Canberra with Batemans Bay. It is approximately 200 kilometres south west of Sydney,  60 kilometres inland from the coast, and 55 kilometres east of Canberra. Braidwood is a service town for the surrounding district which is based on sheep and cattle grazing, and forestry operations.
St. Peter's Institute of Higher Education and Research
St. Peter's Institute of Higher Education and Research (SPIHER) is a private deemed to be university located in Paruthipattu in Tiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu. The institution was promoted by the politician M. Thambidurai and managed by his wife. This is a Deemed-to-be University established in 2008 under Section 3 of the UGC Act,1956 The Institute is located in Paruthipattu revenue village of Poonamallee taluk which is 3 km far away from Avadi railway station The institute has its campus with 32.26 acres of land with a built-up area of 66,875 square metres (719,840 sq ft).  It is recognised by the University Grants Commission (UGC) and is accredited by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). It is also approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE).

M. Thambidurai
Munisamy Thambidurai (born 15 March 1947) is an Indian politician from Tamil Nadu who served as the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha and leader of All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian Parliament. He had served as the Cabinet Minister of Law, Justice and Company Affairs and as the Minister of State of Surface Transport from March 1998 to April 1999. He had also served as the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha from 1985 to 1989.
Suematsu temple ruins
Suematsu temple ruins (末松廃寺跡, Suematsu Haiji ato) is an archaeological site with the ruins of a Hakuho period Buddhist temple located in the Suematsu neighbourhood of what is now the city of Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan. The temple no longer exists, but the temple grounds were designated as a National Historic Site in 1939, with the area under designation expanded in 1969.

Buddhist temples in Japan
Buddhist temples or monasteries are (along with Shinto shrines) the most numerous, famous, and important religious buildings in Japan. The shogunates or leaders of Japan have made it a priority to update and rebuild Buddhist temples since the Momoyama period (late 16th century). The Japanese word for a Buddhist monastery is tera (寺) (kun reading), and the same kanji also has the pronunciation ji (on reading), so temple names frequently end in -dera (voiced) or -ji. Another ending, -in (院), is normally used to refer to minor temples. Examples of temple names that have these suffixes are Kiyomizu-dera, Enryaku-ji and Kōtoku-in.
Dr. J. R. Mosier Office
Dr. J. R. Mosier Office is a historic medical office located at Meadville, Crawford County, Pennsylvania.  It was built about 1890, and is a small, clapboard clad frame building.  It features a false front in front of a gable roof. The interior consists of three rooms furnished as they were in 1938; a waiting room, examination room, and pharmacy.  The building was moved to the Baldwin-Reynolds House property in 1975 from its original location in the village of Littles Corners about 7 miles northwest of Meadville.  The office is maintained as a medical museum by the Crawford County Historical Society.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Crawford County, Pennsylvania
Crawford County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 83,938. Its county seat is Meadville. The county was created on March 12, 1800, from part of Allegheny County and named for Colonel William Crawford. The county is part of the Northwest region of the commonwealth.

Crawford County comprises the Meadville micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Erie-Meadville combined statistical area.
Gabriel Koren
Gabriel Koren is a Hungarian born American sculptor whose body of work focuses on noted and or celebrated African-American public figures.

She was born and raised in Budapest.  Koren's works include the first public statue of Malcolm X, titled with his full Muslim name "El-Hajj Malik Shabazz, Malcolm X" (1997) and commissioned by the Percent for Art for and
placed at the Audubon Ballroom in Manhattan where the Civil rights leader was assassinated, the statues of Frederick Douglass (2009) for the Frederick Douglass Memorial at Frederick Douglass Circle in Harlem commissioned by the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs and Percent for Art, and "Prudence Crandall with Student" (2008) in the Connecticut State Capitol.

Audubon Ballroom
40°50′21″N 73°56′26″W﻿ / ﻿40.83917°N 73.94056°W﻿ / 40.83917; -73.94056

The Audubon Theatre and Ballroom (generally referred to as the Audubon Ballroom) was a theatre and ballroom located at 3940 Broadway, at the intersection with West 165th Street, in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It was built in 1912 and was designed by Thomas W. Lamb. The theatre was known at various times as the William Fox Audubon Theatre, the Beverly Hills Theater, and the San Juan Theater. The ballroom is noted for being the site of the assassination of Malcolm X on February 21, 1965. Most of the building was demolished starting in 1992, with two-thirds of the facade preserved. Since 2005, it has been the Audubon Business and Technology Center, which is part of Columbia University's Audubon Research Park.
Zaouiet Kontoch
Zaouiet Kontoch is a city in the Tunisian Sahel located in the immediate vicinity of Jemmal at 35 ° 38 'North, 10 ° 46 'e.

Attached to the Monastir Governorate, it is a municipality with 6 713 inhabitants at the 2014 census, whereas there were 6 713 inhabitants in 2014. 
It would be so named because of the historical presence of a small zaouia of a Muslim holy man.  On the sporting level, the city is home to the Zaouiet Kontoch Sports Association, which specializes in table tennis. 
The Mayor is Chaker Kacem.

Monastir Governorate
Monastir Governorate (Arabic: ولاية المنستير Wilāyat Munastīr pronounced [munæsˈtiːr]; French: Gouvernorat de Monastir) is one of the twenty-four governorates of Tunisia. It is situated in the center-east of Tunisia. It covers an area of 1,019 km2 (393 mi2) and has a population of 599,769 (2024 census). The capital is Monastir. The economy of the Monastir governorate is based primarily on agriculture (especially olive growing). Eighty-six percent of the land is reserved for agriculture. However, it is industry that employs the most people. The governorate has approximately 1,200 industrial companies, most of which work in the textile sector, mainly exporting to European Union countries. These factories are located mainly around Ksar Hellal and Bembla; these towns account for 83% of the region's industrial jobs.