hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pramod
Pramod means joy or happiness in Sanskrit and is one of the names of the Hindu god Ganesh.

People with the name "Pramod":

A. N. Pramod (fl. 1990s–2020s), Indian Navy Vice Admiral

Pramod Bhasin (fl. 1960s–2020s), Indian businessman

Pramod Chakravorty (1929–2004), Indian director and film producer

Pramod Kamble (born 1964), Indian painter and sculptor

Pramod Kapoor (born 1953), Indian writer and publisher

Pramod Kharel (born 1979), Nepalese singer

Pramod Kureel (born 1966), Indian politician

Pramod Madushan (born 1993), Sri Lankan cricketer

Pramod Mahajan (1949–2006), Indian politician

Pramod Moutho (born 1955), Indian actor

Pramod Panju (fl. 2010s–2020s), Indian actor

Namitha Pramod (born 1996), Indian actress

Ranjan Pramod (fl. 2000s–2020s), Indian screenwriter and director

Pramod Sawant (born 1973), Indian politician

Pramod Tiwari (born 1952), Indian politician

Pramodya Wickramasinghe (born 1971), Sri Lankan cricketer

A. N. Pramod
Vice Admiral A. N. Pramod, AVSM, YSM is a serving flag officer in the Indian Navy. As of 2025, he served as the Director General Naval Operations. He earlier served as the Flag Officer Commanding Maharashtra Naval Area and as the Deputy Commandant and Chief Instructor of the Indian Naval Academy.
Zdzisław Żygulski (literary historian)
Zdzisław Żygulski (4 April 1888 – 22 October 1975) was a Polish literary historian and Germanist. He was a professor at the universities of Łódź and Wrocław. An expert of German literature of 18th–19th century and antique drama, he published, with Marian Szyrocki, a German literature history textbook Geschichte der deutschen Literatur (vol. 1–4; 1958–1965). His notable works includes Gerhart Hauptmann. Człowiek i twórca (1968), Fryderyk Schiller (1975). His son, also named Zdzisław, was an art historian, academic and educator.

History of literature
The history of literature is the historical development of writings in prose or poetry that attempt to provide entertainment or education to the reader, as well as the development of the literary techniques used in the communication of these pieces. Not all writings constitute literature. Some recorded materials, such as compilations of data (e.g., a check register) are not considered literature, and this article relates only to the evolution of the works defined above.
Bacharam
Bacharam is a village in Rangareddy district in Telangana, India. It falls under Hayathnagar mandal. It is closer to the Outer Ring Road, Hyderabad. 
The village has a British-era fort and the temples.

Hayathnagar
Hayathnagar is a busy residential locality of Hyderabad in Ranga Reddy district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is mandal headquarter of Hayathnagar mandal of Hayathnagar revenue division. Hayathnagar forms circle No 3 in Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation. There are four wards – Nagole (11) Mansoorabad (12), Hayathnagar (13) and B. N. Reddy Nagar (14) – in this circle. It lies on National Highway 65.
Henri Cazelles
Henri Cazelles (born on 8 June 1912 and died on 10 January 2009 in Paris) was a French exegete, priest of Saint-Sulpice, doctor of theology, licentiate in Sacred Scripture, doctor of law, graduate of the École libre des sciences politiques, doctor honoris causa of the University of Bonn, member of the Egyptian Society, former secretary of the Pontifical Biblical Commission, former director of studies at the EPHE, associate member of the Royal Academy of Belgium, EBU Theology and Religious Sciences. He was the nephew of Louis Massignon.

He is famous for having edited the Supplément au Dictionnaire de la Bible.

Royal Academies for Science and the Arts of Belgium
The Royal Academies for Science and the Arts of Belgium (RASAB) is a non-governmental association that promotes and organises science and the arts in Belgium by coordinating the national and international activities of its constituent academies such as the National Scientific Committees and the representation of Belgium in international scientific organisations.

The RASAB was formed as a non-profit organization (Association without lucrative purpose) in 2001 by the Dutch-speaking academy KVAB (Koninklijke Vlaamse Academie van België voor Wetenschappen en Kunsten i.e. Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Science and the Arts) and by the French-speaking academy ARB (Académie royale des sciences, des lettres et des beaux-arts de Belgique i.e. The Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium).

The association is headquartered in the buildings of the former Royal Stables at the Academy Palace, Rue Ducale/Hertogstraat 1, 1000 Brussels.
Golshan-e Morad
The Golshan-e Morad (Persian: گلشن مراد) is a historical text of the Zand era by Abu'l-Hasan Mostawfi Ghaffari.

Despite a few errors in the information for the last years of Karim Khan Zand's reign (1751–1779), when Abu'l-Hasan Mostawfi was reportedly in Kashan instead of the capital of Shiraz, it is considered the most comprehensive and generally the most trustworthy of the Zand records for the period after 1755.

Kashan
Kashan (Persian: کاشان; [kɒːˈʃɒːn] ⓘ) is a city in the Central District of Kashan County, in the northern part of Isfahan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Kashan is one of the oldest cities in Iran and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.
Flag of the Colony of Aden
The Flag of the Colony of Aden was used as the official flag for the British Colony of Aden  from 1937 until 18 January, 1963. When it was renamed as the State of Aden, subsequently, the Flag of the State of Aden under the Federation of South Arabia, was used. However, there is evidence that the flag was used after 1963, in Perim and the Kuria Muria islands.

It was a navy blue flag with the Union Jack in the top left corner, which featured a badge similar to colonial Zanzibar, with a two-masted Arab dhow sailing on turquoise waters. It was designed by George Kruger Gray, of the Royal Mint.

Dhow
Dhow (/daʊ/; Arabic: داو, romanized: dāw) is the generic name of a number of traditional sailing vessels with one or more masts with settee or sometimes lateen sails, used in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean region. Typically sporting long thin hulls, dhows are trading vessels primarily used to carry heavy items, such as fruit, fresh water, or other heavy merchandise, along the coasts of Eastern Arabia, Iran, East Africa, Yemen and coastal South Asia. Larger dhows have crews of approximately thirty and smaller ones typically around twelve.
La Iruela
La Iruela is a town located in the province of Jaén, Andalusia, Spain. It sits on a peak of the Sierra de Cazorla and is home to the ruins of an 11th-century Moorish, and later Templar, fortress which towers over the road from Cazorla to the Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas Natural Park. According to the 2005 census (INE), the city has a population of 1894 inhabitants.

Province of Jaén (Spain)
Jaén (Spanish pronunciation: [xaˈen]) is a province of southern Spain, in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is bordered by the provinces of Ciudad Real, Albacete, Granada and Córdoba. Its capital is the city of Jaén.
Test theory
In experimental physics, a test theory tells experimenters how to perform particular comparisons between specific theories or classes of theory.

Without a good reference test theory, these experiments can be difficult to construct. Different theories often define relationships and parameters in different, often incompatible, ways. Sometimes, physical theories and models that nominally produce significantly diverging predictions can be found to produce very similar, even identical, predictions, once definitional differences are taken into account.

A good test theory should identify potential sources of definitional bias in the way that experiments are constructed. It should also be able to deal with a wide range of possible objections to experimental tests based upon it. Discovery that a test theory has serious omissions can undermine the validity of experimental work that is designed according to that theory.

Validity (logic)
In logic, specifically in deductive reasoning, an argument is valid if and only if it takes a form that makes it impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion nevertheless to be false. It is not required for a valid argument to have premises that are actually true, but to have premises that, if they were true, would guarantee the truth of the argument's conclusion. Valid arguments must be clearly expressed by means of sentences called well-formed formulas (also called wffs or simply formulas).

The validity of an argument can be tested, proved or disproved, and depends on its logical form.
Olympic winners of the Archaic period
Just how far back in history organized contests were held remains a matter of debate, but it is reasonably certain that they occurred in Greece almost 3,000 years ago. However ancient in origin, by the end of the 6th century BC at least four Greek sporting festivals, sometimes called "classical games," had achieved major importance: the Olympic Games, held at Olympia; the Pythian Games at Delphi; the Nemean Games at Nemea; and the Isthmian Games, held near Corinth. The Olympic Games were perhaps the greatest of these sporting events, and all Olympian victors were highly appreciated among the Greeks.

Pythian Games
The Pythian Games (Ancient Greek: Τὰ Πύθια, romanized: Ta Pythia) were one of the four Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece. Founded circa the 6th century BCE, the festival was held in honor of the god Apollo and took place at his sanctuary in Delphi to commemorate the mytho-historic slaying of Python and the establishment of the Oracle at Delphi. The Pythian Games took place every four years, two years after the Olympic Games, and between each Nemean and Isthmian Games. They continued until the 4th century AD.

The Pythian Games, which were ranked second in importance behind the Olympics, primarily and originally focused on competitions for art and dance. As the Pythian Games evolved over time athletic events were added and some events allowed for the participation of women.
Bang Mot tangerine
The Bang Mot tangerine (Thai: ส้มบางมด, RTGS: som Bang Mot, pronounced [sôm bāːŋ mót]) is a local cultivar of the mandarin orange grown in the Bang Mot area of Thon Buri, Bangkok, Thailand. Despite its common name, it is a mandarin orange of the species Citrus reticulata and not a tangerine (Citrus tangerina). In 1924, a local farmer brought cuttings from a mandarin grove in Bangkok Noi District and planted them at Bang Mot, Thung Khru District near Bang Mot canal in 1924. This area has very fertile soil with elevated levels of potassium giving the fruit a sweet-sour taste. There were up to 96 square kilometres (37 sq mi) of tangerine groves in the past.

Flooding in Thon Buri in 1967 killed many of the Bang Mot tangerine trees. The floods made many farmers reluctant to plant it again. Rapid urban expansion of Bangkok also reduced the land available for planting. They then moved the plant to Rangsit canal, until becoming another famous tangerine, Rangsit tangerine

Tangerine
The tangerine is a type of citrus fruit that is orange in colour, that is considered either a variety of the mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata), or a closely related species, under the name Citrus tangerina, or yet as a hybrid (Citrus × tangerina) of mandarin orange varieties, with some pomelo contribution.
From Mediterranea with Love
From Mediterranea with Love is a 3-track EP by the English pop rock band Duran Duran, released as a download on iTunes for several European countries on 23 December 2010.

The EP includes the title track "Mediterranea", produced by Mark Ronson during sessions for the All You Need Is Now album in 2010. Released near Christmas, the EP also includes two live recordings and artwork based on images created by Clunie Reid with graphic design by Pop magazine. The EP was made available as a free download on iTunes for one day only in December 2010.

While a previously unreleased track at the time the EP came out, "Mediterranea" was later included in an expanded version of All You Need Is Now in March 2011.

All You Need Is Now
All You Need Is Now is the thirteenth studio album by the English pop rock band Duran Duran. Co-produced by the band and Mark Ronson, a truncated version of the album was released digitally on 21 December 2010. A physical package was released on 21 March 2011 in Europe on the Tape Modern label (distributed by Edel), and on 22 March 2011 in the United States and Canada on S-Curve Records (distributed by Universal).

The album peaked at number 11 in the UK, becoming the band's 13th Top 20 album. It debuted at number 119 on the US Billboard 200 chart on its initial December 2010 digital release, selling 15,000 copies in its first week. It reached number 29 upon its physical release in March 2011. The album had sold 76,000 copies in the US as of August 2015. Duran Duran promoted the album through the All You Need Is Now tour.
What Madness!
What Madness! (Spanish: ¡Che, qué loco!) is a 1953 Spanish comedy film directed by Ramón Torrado and starring Pepe Iglesias, Emma Penella and Silvia Morgan. The film's sets were designed by the art director Sigfrido Burmann.

Pepe Iglesias
Pepe Iglesias (February 11, 1915 in Buenos Aires – March 4, 1991 in Santiago de Chile), full name José Ángel Iglesias Sánchez, nicknamed El Zorro (The Fox), was an Argentine comedian, who, though he developed much of his career in his home country, also spent time in Chile and Spain.
At the 1945 Argentine Film Critics Association Awards Iglesias won the Silver Condor Award for Best Actor in a Comic Role for his performance in Mi novia es un fantasma (1944).
Banana Sector Retraining Project
The Banana Sector Retraining Project was a program run by the HEART Trust/NTA during 2008 and 2009. It aimed to retrain displaced workers and farmers in the banana/plantain industry and those whose jobs may disappear because of loss of preferential treatment in the European market. It was implemented in the six traditional banana-growing parishes: St. James, St. Catherine, St. Thomas, St. Mary, Portland and Clarendon.

The project was a small-scale pilot. It did not provide jobs directly for people and was not used to influence changes to the banana/plantain sector, but its findings and outcomes were intended to help inform and develop a larger scale programme of assistance to workers in Jamaica's banana/plantain communities. What they learnt and the experiences of participants in the project were intended also to help inform the design of training and certification programmes to be implemented by HEART Trust/NTA (and/or other institutions) in the future.

Saint Thomas Parish, Jamaica
Saint Thomas (Jamaican Patois: Sen Tamas or Tahmas), once known as Saint Thomas in the East, is a suburban parish situated at the south eastern end of Jamaica, within the county of Surrey. It is the birthplace of Paul Bogle, designated in 1969 as one of Jamaica's seven National Heroes. Morant Bay, its chief town and capital, is the site of the Morant Bay Rebellion in 1865, of which Bogle was a leader.

Representative George William Gordon, a wealthy mixed race businessman and politician from this district, was tried and executed in 1865 under martial law on suspicion of directing the rebellion. Governor Eyre was forced to resign due to the controversy over his execution of Gordon and violent suppression of the rebellion. Gordon was designated in 1969 as a National Hero.
2026 Tajikistan Higher League
The 2026 Tajikistan Top League (Tajik: 2026 Лигаи Олии Тоҷикистон, Russian: 2026 Высшая Лига Таджикистана), also known as 1xBet Higher League due to sponsorship reasons, is the 35th season of the Tajikistan Higher League, Tajikistan's top division of association football.

Tajikistan Higher League
The Ligai Olii Tojikiston or Tajikistan Top League (Tajik: Лигаи Олии Тоҷикистон; Russian: Высшая лига Таджикистана, romanized: Vysshaya liga Tadzhikistana) is the top division of professional football in Tajikistan. It is part of the Tajikistan Football League Organization and Tajikistan Football Federation.

It was founded in 1992, with 8 clubs participating. The first champion of the league was CSKA Pomir Dushanbe. Currently the most successful team is FC Istiklol.
Frits Biesterbos
Frits Biesterbos (born 14 February 2002) is a Dutch cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Team Picnic–PostNL.

During his early career, Biesterbos focused primarily on mountain biking. He finished second in the Dutch elite cross-country championships in 2023. In 2024, he placed in the top ten of two rounds of the UCI Under-23 World Cup. He also represented the Netherlands at the European and World Championships. At the same time, he began to compete in more road races, joining BEAT Cycling Club as a stagiaire for the second half of the 2024 season. He joined the team fully in 2025, moving his focus entirely to road and gravel racing. In October, he attained a breakthrough result, winning the silver medal at the UCI Gravel World Championships, finishing ahead of Matej Mohorič. Two weeks prior, he also won the Dutch national gravel championships.

2024 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup
The 2024 UCI Mountain Bike World Cup is a series of races in Olympic Cross-Country (XCO), Cross-Country Eliminator (XCE), and Downhill (DHI). Each discipline has an Elite Men and an Elite Women category. There are also under-23 categories in the XCO and junior categories in the DHI. The series has eight rounds both cross-country and downhill, some of which are held concurrently. In 2023, enduro was added to the UCI World Cup series.
2016 Speedway World Cup Event 1
Event One of the 2016 Monster Energy FIM Speedway World Cup was the opening race of the 2016 edition of the Speedway World Cup. It was staged on 23 July 2016 at Vojens Speedway Center in Vojens, Denmark and was won by Poland from hosts Denmark, Russia, and the Czech Republic. As a result, Poland progressed directly to the 2016 Speedway World Cup Final, while Denmark and Russia progressed to the 2016 Speedway World Cup Race-off. The Czech Republic were eliminated.

Piotr Pawlicki Jr. led Poland to the final by scoring 12 points, while Patryk Dudek, who scored 11 points, secured second place in the heat 20 to ensure Poland finished ahead of Denmark. Michael Jepsen Jensen top scored for the Danes with 18 points, while Emil Sayfutdinov was the star of the meeting, scoring 18 points for Russia.

Vojens
Vojens  (German: Woyens) is a railway town in Denmark with a population of 7,424 (1 January 2025). It was the main town of the now abolished Vojens Municipality, now the second largest town of Haderslev Municipality in Region of Southern Denmark.

Vojens is located 41 km east of Ribe, 33 km south of Vejen, 29 km north of Aabenraa and 14 km west of Haderslev.
Invincible Fight Girl
Invincible Fight Girl is an American animated action comedy television series created by Juston Gordon-Montgomery for Cartoon Network's nighttime programming block Adult Swim. The series premiered on November 3, 2024, in the United States on the Toonami programming block and on the streaming service HBO Max shortly after its initial broadcast.

The Verge
The Verge is an online American technology news publication headquartered in Lower Manhattan, New York City and operated by Vox Media. The website publishes news, feature stories, guidebooks, product reviews, consumer electronics news, and podcasts.

The website was launched on November 1, 2011 and used Vox Media's proprietary multimedia publishing platform Chorus until January 28, 2025, when it switched to WordPress. In 2014, Nilay Patel was named editor-in-chief and Dieter Bohn executive editor; Helen Havlak was named editorial director in 2017. The Verge won five Webby Awards for the year 2012 including awards for Best Writing (Editorial), Best Podcast for The Vergecast, Best Visual Design, Best Consumer Electronics Site, and Best Mobile News App.
Isa ibn Luqman al-Jumahi
Isa ibn Luqman al-Jumahi (Arabic: عيسى بن لقمان الجمحي) was an eighth century official of the Abbasid Caliphate.

A member of the Jumah clan of the Quraysh, he seems to have been a descendant of a rather undistinguished family. He was appointed governor of Kufa by the caliph al-Mahdi in 775–776. In 778 he was made governor of Egypt, and held that position for four months until early 779 when he was dismissed in favor of Wadih.

Kufa
Kufa (Arabic: الْكُوفَة "al-Kūfah"), also spelled Kufah, is a city in Iraq, about 170 kilometres (110 mi) south of Baghdad, and 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of Najaf. It is located on the banks of the Euphrates River. The estimated population in 2003 was 110,000.

Along with Najaf, Karbala, Mashhad, Samarra, Kadhimiya and Qom, Kufa is one of the holiest cities in Shia Islam. The city was founded in 638 CE (17 Hijrah) during the reign of the second Rashidun Caliph, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, and it was the final capital of the last Rashidun Caliph, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Kufa was also the founding capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. During the Islamic Golden Age it was home to the grammarians of Kufa. Kufic script is named for the city.

The Palestinian keffiyeh, also known as kufiya and worn by Arab men, originated from Kufa, and is worn today to convey diverse political sentiments. Due to heightened global consumer demand, most keffiyehs are now manufactured in China.
Shaun Lunt
Shaun Lunt is an English former professional rugby league footballer who last played as a hooker for the Batley Bulldogs in the Championship, and has played for England and the England Knights at international level.

Lunt played for the Castleford Tigers in National League One, Workington Town in National League Two and the Huddersfield Giants in the Super League. He played on loan from Huddersfield at the Leeds Rhinos in the Super League. Lunt played for Hull Kingston Rovers, and on loan from Hull KR at the Leeds Rhinos in the Super League.

RFL League One
The Rugby Football League's League One (known as the Betfred League One) was the third-highest division of rugby league in Britain. It was also the lowest level of professional rugby league in Britain.

Introduced in 2003 as National League 2 it was the first time British rugby league had a third tier since the old Third and Second Divisions merged  in 1998. The league was rebranded as Championship 1 in 2009, then League 1 in 2015, and League One in 2022.

The league was disbanded at the conclusion of 2025 due to the merger of the Championship and League One for the 2026 season.
Olching
Olching (German pronunciation: [ˈɔlçɪŋ] ⓘ; Central Bavarian: Oiching) is a town in the district of Fürstenfeldbruck, and suburb to Munich in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated approximately 20 km (12 mi) northwest of Munich.

Central Bavarian
Central or Middle Bavarian form a subgroup of Bavarian dialects in large parts of Austria and the Free State of Bavaria along the Danube river, on the northern side of the Eastern Alps. They are spoken in the 'Old Bavarian' regions of Upper Bavaria (with Munich), Lower Bavaria and in the adjacent parts of the Upper Palatinate region around Regensburg, in Upper and Lower Austria, in Vienna (see Viennese German), in the state of Salzburg, as well as in the northern and eastern parts of Styria and Burgenland. Before 1945 and the expulsions of the Germans, it was also spoken in Hungary and southern Bohemia and Moravia.
It also influenced Austrian German.
IMOCA 60 Sill
The IMOCA 60 class yacht SILL PLEIN FRUIT, FRA 29 was designed by Marc Lombard and launched in the 1999 after being built MAG based in France. The boat was lost in 2006 Velux 5 Ocean Race, when he was rescued by fellow competitor Mike Golding deep in the Southern Ocean. The written off hull was found nine years later washed up, 10,000 miles from where it was abandoned.

IMOCA 60
The IMOCA ("Open 60") is a 60ft (18.3 m) development class monohull sailing yacht governed by the International Monohull Open Class Association (IMOCA). The class pinnacle event are single or two person ocean races, such as the Route du Rhum and the Vendée Globe and this has been intimately linked to design development within the class. The class is recognised by World Sailing.