hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beretta Xtrema 2
The Beretta A391 Xtrema2 is a semi-automatic shotgun developed and produced by Italian firearm manufacturer Beretta. It is used by hunters and target shooters, mainly in the United States. The shotgun is commonly referred to simply as the Xtrema2. The shotgun is found in several variants, depending on barrel length, barrel type, and factory-installed camouflage exterior.

Semi-automatic shotgun
A semi-automatic shotgun is a repeating shotgun with a semi-automatic action, i.e. capable of automatically chambering a new shell after each firing, but requires individual trigger-pull to manually actuate each shot. Semi-automatic shotguns use gas operation, blowback, or recoil operation to cycle the action, eject the empty shell, and load another round. The first semi-automatic shotgun was the Automatic-5 by Browning.

Many semi-automatic shotguns also provide an optional manual means of operation such as by pump action or a charging handle.
Painted Bride Quarterly
The Painted Bride Quarterly, also known informally as PBQ, is a Philadelphia-based literary magazine. It was established in 1973 by Louise Simons and R. Daniel Evans in connection with the Painted Bride Art Center, an art gallery founded in 1969 in an old bridal shop on South Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  The journal is supported by Drexel University in Philadelphia.  It is staffed by a mix of volunteer editors and changing student staff.  The magazine is published quarterly online and yearly in print.  The magazine, which sees itself as "literary forum for poetry, fiction, prose, essays, interviews and photography", has a dual-city editorial staff in Philadelphia and New York. PBQ has featured works by such poets as Charles Bukowski, Etheridge Knight, Sonia Sanchez, Amiri Baraka, Dede Wilson, Simon Perchik, Yusef Komunyakaa, Gregory Pardlo, and Major Jackson, among others.

Sonia Sanchez
Sonia Sanchez (born Wilsonia Benita Driver; September 9, 1934) is an American poet, writer, and professor. She was a leading figure in the Black Arts Movement and has written more than a dozen books of poetry, as well as short stories, critical essays, plays, and children's books. In the 1960s, Sanchez released poems in periodicals targeted towards African-American audiences, and published her debut collection, Homecoming, in 1969. In 1993, she received a Pew Fellowship in the Arts, and in 2001 was awarded the Robert Frost Medal for her contributions to the canon of American poetry. She has been influential to other African-American poets, including Krista Franklin. Sanchez is a member of The Wintergreen Women Writers Collective.
Héctor Rodríguez Castro
Héctor Rodríguez Castro (born March 26, 1982) is a Venezuelan lawyer and politician. He is currently the governor of Miranda. He served as the national Minister of Education in the cabinet of Nicolas Maduro.

Education minister
An education minister (sometimes minister of education) is a position in the governments of some countries responsible for dealing with educational matters. Where known, the government department, ministry, or agency that develops policy and delivers services relating to sports are listed; overseen by and responsible to the education minister. The first such ministry ever is considered to be the Commission of National Education (Polish: Komisja Edukacji Narodowej, Lithuanian: Edukacinė komisija) founded in 1773 in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Demas Range
The Demas Range (75°0′S 133°45′W﻿ / ﻿75.000°S 133.750°W﻿ / -75.000; -133.750﻿ (Demas Range)) is a range about 8 nautical miles (15 km; 9.2 mi) long that forms the lower east margin of the Berry Glacier in Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica. The range trends north–south culminating in Mount Goorhigian, 1,115 metres (3,658 ft) high.

Richard E. Byrd
Richard Evelyn Byrd Jr. (October 25, 1888 – March 11, 1957) was an American naval officer, and pioneering aviator, polar explorer, and organizer of polar logistics. Aircraft flights in which he served as a navigator and expedition leader crossed the Atlantic Ocean, a segment of the Arctic Ocean, and a segment of the Antarctic Plateau. He is also known for discovering Mount Sidley, the largest dormant volcano in Antarctica.

Byrd claimed to be the first to reach both the North and South Poles by air. However, there is some controversy as to whether he was actually the first person to reach the North Pole. It is generally believed that the distance he claimed to have flown was longer than the possible fuel range of his airplane.

He was a recipient of the Medal of Honor, the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration, and the Navy Cross, the second highest honor for valor given by the U.S. Navy.
Automotive paint
Automotive paint is paint used on automobiles for both protective and decorative purposes. Water-based acrylic polyurethane enamel paint is currently the most widely used paint for reasons including reducing paint's environmental impact.

Modern automobile paint is applied in several layers, with a total thickness of around 100 μm (0.1mm). Paint application requires preparation and primer steps to ensure proper application. A basecoat is applied after the primer paint is applied. Following this, a clearcoat of paint may be applied that forms a glossy and transparent coating. The clearcoat layer must be able to withstand UV light.

Acrylate polymer
An acrylate polymer (also known as acrylic or polyacrylate) is any of a group of polymers prepared from acrylate monomers. These plastics are noted for their transparency, resistance to breakage, and elasticity.

Acrylate polymer is commonly used in cosmetics, such as nail polish, as an adhesive.
Mahound
Mahound and Mahoun are variant forms of the name "Muhammad", often found in medieval and later European literature. The name has been used in the past by Christian writers to vilify the Islamic prophet Muhammad.  It was especially connected to the demonization of Muhammad as inspiring a false religion.

Pharaohs in the Bible
The Bible makes reference to various pharaohs (Hebrew: פַּרְעֹה‎, Parʿō) of Egypt. These include unnamed pharaohs in events described in the Torah, as well as several later named pharaohs, some of whom were historical or can be identified with historical pharaohs.
Sixpenny Office
The Sixpenny Office was one of the British admiralty's smaller offices. Established in 1696, it was originally based at  Tower Hill, London. The office's main responsibility was the collection of six pence from all serving seaman's wage's monthly that was used to fund Greenwich Hospital's provision of care for sick and aged seaman. .

The office was administered by navy board Commissioners for Managing the Sixpenny Duty for the Support of Greenwich Hospital until 1832, when it, along with the Navy Board, was abolished and its functions were dispersed between the members of the Board of Admiralty.

Tower Hill
Tower Hill is the area surrounding the Tower of London in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is infamous for the public execution of high status prisoners from the late 14th to the mid 18th century. The execution site on the higher ground north-west of the Tower of London moat is now occupied by Trinity Square Gardens.

Tower Hill rises from the north bank of the River Thames to reach a maximum height of 14.5 metres (48 ft) Ordnance Datum. The land was historically part of the Liberties of the Tower of London, an area the Tower authorities controlled to keep clear of any development which would reduce the defensibility of the Tower. Building has encroached to a degree, but a legacy of this control is that much of the hill is still open. The hill includes land on either side of the London Wall, a large remnant of which is visible.
Nobody (Skindred song)
"Nobody" is the debut single by Welsh reggae metal band Skindred, released in 2005 from the band's debut album Babylon. It peaked at number 14 on the US Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart and number 23 on its Modern Rock Tracks chart.

Howard Benson
Howard Michael Benson (born July 20, 1956) is an American record producer from Havertown, Pennsylvania. He has been nominated for two Grammy Awards for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical in 2007 and 2008, among two wins and 16 total nominations for his productions. He is also the co-founder of the American record label Judge & Jury Records, alongside Three Days Grace drummer Neil Sanderson.
Under the Skin (play)
Under the Skin (מתחת לעור - Mitakhat La'Or) is a 2013 play by Israeli playwright Yonatan Calderon. The play tells the historical story of the love affair between the lesbian Nazi officer Anneliese Kohlmann and one of her female Jewish prisoners in Neuengamme concentration camp.

The play is based on Kohlmann's Belsen trial transcript, and also on Holocaust survivors' testimonies, including the testimony of Ruth Bondy, a well-known Israeli writer, translator and journalist.

Under the Skin premièred at the LGBT center in Tel Aviv in 2014 and at the Old Red Lion Theatre in London in 2018.

Belsen trials
The Belsen trials were a series of several trials that the Allied occupation forces conducted against former officials and functionaries of Nazi Germany after the end of World War II. British Army and civilian personnel ran the trials and staffed the prosecution and judges.

The Belsen trials took place in Lüneburg, Lower Saxony, Germany, in 1945 and the defendants were men and women of the Schutzstaffel as well as prisoner functionaries who had worked at various concentration camps, notably Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen.

The first trial generated considerable interest around the world, as the public heard for the first time from some of those responsible for the mass murder in the eastern extermination camps. Some later trials are also referred to as Belsen trials.
Amnesia (Hamlet album)
Amnesia is the tenth studio album by Spanish metal band Hamlet. The album was recorded and produced in Spain with producer Carlos Santos at Sadman Studios, and mixed and mastered in Sweden by Fredrik Nordström and Henrik Udd at Studio Fredman (In Flames, Soilwork, Opeth).

Hamlet (band)
Hamlet is a Spanish five-piece metal band from Madrid, formed in 1987. They are signed to Maldito Records and have released twelve albums, their most recent being Inmortal in 2025. They are considered the pioneers of alternative metal in Spain with their albums Sanatorio de Muñecos (1994) and Revolución 12.111 (1996).
Hōei eruption
The Hōei eruption of Mount Fuji started on December 16, 1707 (during the Hōei era, 23rd day of the 11th month of the 4th year) and ended on February 24, 1708.  It was the last confirmed eruption of Mount Fuji, with three unconfirmed eruptions reported from 1708 to 1854. The eruption took place during the reign of Emperor Higashiyama and the Shogun was Tokugawa Tsunayoshi. It is well known for the immense ash-fall it produced over eastern Japan and subsequent landslides and starvation across the country. Hokusai's One Hundred Views of Mount Fuji includes an image of the small crater at a secondary eruption site on the southwestern slope. The area where the eruption occurred is called Mount Hōei because it occurred in the fourth year of the Hōei era. Today, the crater of the main eruption can be visited from the Fujinomiya or Gotemba Trails on Mount Fuji.

Seismic magnitude scales
Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location. Magnitudes are usually determined from measurements of an earthquake's seismic waves as recorded on a seismogram. Magnitude scales vary based on what aspect of the seismic waves are measured and how they are measured. Different magnitude scales are necessary because of differences in earthquakes, the information available, and the purposes for which the magnitudes are used.
Al Mackling
Alvin "Al" Mackling (born December 31, 1927) is a longtime Canadian Democratic Socialist and a retired lawyer. He was an alderman in the former city of St. James from 1961 to 1969 and was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1969 to 1973 and from 1981 to 1988. He was a cabinet minister in the New Democratic Party governments  of Edward Schreyer and Howard Pawley.

Executive Council of Manitoba
The Executive Council of Manitoba (French: Conseil exécutif du Manitoba), more commonly known as the Cabinet of Manitoba, is the cabinet of the Canadian province of Manitoba. As of 2023, the current cabinet are members of the New Democratic Party, and have been since 2023.

Almost always made up of members of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, the Cabinet is similar in structure and role to the Cabinet of Canada while being smaller in size. As federal and provincial responsibilities differ, there are a number of different portfolios between the federal and provincial governments.

The Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba, as representative of the King in Right of Manitoba, heads the council, and is referred to as the Governor-in-Council. Other members of the Cabinet, who advise (or minister) the vice-regal, are selected by the Premier of Manitoba and appointed by the Lieutenant-Governor. Most cabinet ministers are the head of a ministry, but this is not always the case.
Jeffrey D. Dunn
Jeffrey D. Dunn is a retired American broadcast executive who was the president and CEO of Sesame Workshop until 2021, the non-profit organization best known for making Sesame Street. Previously, he was the president and CEO of the HiT Entertainment, from 2008 until it was sold to Mattel, in 2012.

Dunn was elected to a six-year term on the Harvard Board of Overseers in 2023. He was a Fellow at the Harvard University Advanced Leadership Initiative in 2014. He was also appointed to the AARP board in 2021.

Prior to leading HiT, he was the COO of Nickelodeon and the President of Nickelodeon Film and Enterprises. Prior to joining Nickelodeon, where he spent 13 years, Dunn was in charge of marketing for The Bank of Boston. His career began at Time Magazine, where he held a variety of marketing and general management positions.

Harvard University Advanced Leadership Initiative
The Harvard University Advanced Leadership Initiative's goal is to assist experienced leaders who want to solve important social problems in the next stage of their professional lives.  A key part of this assistance is providing an opportunity for the selected participants to spend one year in an intensive structured program at Harvard as Advanced Leadership Initiative Fellows.  Faculty leadership for this initiative  include Harvard Professors Rosabeth Moss Kanter, Rakesh Khurana, Fernando Reimers, Howard Koh, David Gergen, Barry Bloom, William George, Charles Ogletree, and Nitin Nohria. The program was founded in January 2009.
Mihai Lazăr
Mihăiță "Mihai" Lazăr (born 3 November 1986) is a Romanian rugby union player who plays as a prop for Liga Națională de Rugby club SCM Rugby Timișoara. He also played for the Romania national team, The Oaks.

Lazăr made his debut for Romania national team in 2008 against Czech Republic, in a 76–7 win. He played three matches at the 2011 Rugby World Cup, scoring a try against Scotland (24-34) and then collecting accolades in the pages of The New Zealand Herald newspaper.

On 1 June 2013, he clinched his first ever title, winning the Top 14 final with Castres Olympique. He won his second Top 14 title in 2018. In 2019 he moved to the Pro D2 club Oyonnax, for which he played until the end of 2021.

Liga de Rugby Kaufland
The Liga Națională de Rugby (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈliɡa natsjoˈnalə de ˈruɡbi]) is a professional rugby union club competition that is played in Romania. In the 2023 season there are 14 teams competing. The competition was established in 1913 and is governed by the Romanian Rugby Federation. Steaua București is the most successful club in the competition with 24 titles.
2009 Council of the Isles of Scilly election
Elections to the Council of the Isles of Scilly, a sui generis unitary authority in the far southwest of England, were held on 4 June 2009.

The whole council of 21 members was up for election, with thirteen members elected in the St Mary's electoral division and another eight from the 'Off Islands', being two each from Bryher, St Martin's, St Agnes and Tresco. All eight seats for the 'Off Islands' were uncontested.

As with other unitary elections in England, these local elections in the Isles of Scilly took place on the same day as the European elections of 2009. The previous election, in 2005, coincided with the 2005 United Kingdom general election.

Unitary authority
A unitary authority is a type of local authority in New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Unitary authorities are responsible for all local government functions within their areas, or perform additional functions that elsewhere are usually performed by multiple tiers of local government.

Typically, unitary authorities cover towns or cities that are large enough to function independently of a council or other authority. An authority can be a unit of a county or combined authority.
Edward A. Batchelor
Edward Armistead Batchelor Sr. (September 1883 – July 1968), also known as "Batch" and "E.A.", was an American sportswriter and editor for The Providence Journal, the Detroit Free Press, and The Detroit News. He was one of the charter members of the Baseball Writers' Association of America ("BBWAA") upon its founding in October 1908 and held membership card No. 1 in that organization for many years.

Tiger Stadium (Detroit)
Tiger Stadium, previously known as Navin Field and  Briggs Stadium, was a multi-use stadium located in the Corktown neighborhood of Detroit, Michigan, United States. The stadium was nicknamed "The Corner" for its location at the intersection of Michigan and Trumbull Avenues. It hosted the Detroit Tigers of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1912 to 1999, as well as the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL) from 1938 to 1939, 1941 to 1974. Tiger Stadium was declared a State of Michigan Historic Site in 1975 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

The last Tigers game at the stadium was held on September 27, 1999. In the decade after the Tigers vacated the stadium, several rejected redevelopment and preservation efforts finally gave way to the stadium's demolition, which was completed on September 21, 2009. The former playing field remained until 2018, when the site was redeveloped for youth sports as the Corner Ballpark.
Powder River (film)
Powder River is a 1953 American Western film directed by Louis King and starring Rory Calhoun, Corinne Calvet and Cameron Mitchell.

The screenplay was adapted by Daniel Mainwaring (under his pseudonym "Geoffrey Homes") from the book Wyatt Earp: Frontier Marshal by  Stuart N. Lake, who two years later was the story consultant on the ABC/Desilu western television series, The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp.  Unlike that television series, names and places in this film were given fictional names, so that Earp became "Chino Bull," Doc Holliday became "Mitch Hardin," the Clanton brothers became the "Logan Brothers," and Tombstone became the titular "Powder River."

This was the fourth film based on Lake's book to be released by 20th Century Fox, preceded by the 1934 Frontier Marshal, the identically titled 1939 Frontier Marshal, and the 1946 My Darling Clementine.

Wyatt Earp: Frontier Marshal
Wyatt Earp: Frontier Marshal is a 1931 biography of Wyatt Earp written by Stuart N. Lake  and published by Houghton Mifflin Company. It was the first biography of Earp, written with his contributions. It established the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral in the public consciousness and conveyed an extraordinary story about Wyatt Earp as a fearless lawman in the American Old West. Earp and his wife Josephine Earp tried to control the account, threatening legal action to persuade Lake to exclude Earp's second wife from the book. When the book was published, neither woman was mentioned.

Lake's biography was adapted as the basis for at least three movies: Frontier Marshal (1934); Frontier Marshal (1939); and My Darling Clementine (1946). The 1955 television series, The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp, was also based on Lake's book; its success made Lake into one of the first television moguls. A number of writers and researchers have been unable to document many of the stories found in the book.
Vagrant lichen
A vagrant lichen is a lichen that is either not attached to a substrate, or can become unattached then blow around, yet continue to grow and flourish. Some authors reserve the expression "vagrant lichen" for those lichens that never attach, that is, those that are obligately vagrant, referring to vagrant forms of other species as "erratic lichen". Vagrant lichens generally occur in open and windswept habitats, all over the world, in all kinds of temperature zones. Habitats include saltbush (mallee) vegetation zones in Australia, steppes of Eurasia, Arctic tundra, and the North American prairie. They range from the low elevations of the Namib Desert to the high-altitude Andean páramo. There are under 100 identified vagrant species, most commonly in the Aspicilia and Xanthoparmelia genera.

Tundra
In physical geography, a tundra (/ˈtʌndrə, ˈtʊn-/) is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons. There are three regions and associated types of tundra: Arctic, Alpine, and Antarctic.

Tundra vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges, grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra regions. The ecotone (or ecological boundary region) between the tundra and the forest is known as the tree line or timberline. The tundra soil is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. The soil also contains large amounts of biomass and decomposed biomass that has been stored as methane and carbon dioxide in the permafrost, making the tundra soil a carbon sink. As global warming heats the ecosystem and causes soil thawing, the permafrost carbon cycle accelerates and releases much of these soil-contained greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, creating a feedback cycle that contributes to climate change.
Patrick J. O'Reilly (politician)
Patrick John O'Reilly (died 16 July 1965) was an Irish politician. He was elected to Seanad Éireann to the Cultural and Educational Panel as an independent candidate at the 1944 Seanad election. He did not contest the 1948 Seanad election. He was the chief executive officer of County Cavan Vocational Education Committee.

Cultural and Educational Panel
The Cultural and Educational Panel is one of five vocational panels which together elect 43 of the 60 members of Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (the legislature of Ireland). The Cultural and Educational Panel elects five senators.
Cogdell, Georgia
Cogdell is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in the northeast corner of Clinch County, Georgia, United States. It is on Georgia State Route 122, 22 miles (35 km) west of Waycross and 24 miles (39 km) east of Lakeland. Homerville, the Clinch county seat, is 10 miles (16 km) to the south.

The 2020 census listed a population of 23.

Waycross, Georgia
Waycross is the county seat of and the only incorporated city in Ware County in the U.S. state of Georgia. The population was 13,942 in the 2020 census.

Waycross gets its name from the city's location at key railroad junctions; lines from six directions meet at the city.