hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tarasovsky District
Tarasovsky District (Russian: Тара́совский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Rostov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,767.47 square kilometers (1,068.53 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a settlement) of Tarasovsky. Population: 29,802 (2010 Census);  32,608 (2002 Census); 33,639 (1989 Soviet census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 30.3% of the district's total population.

Rostov Oblast
Rostov Oblast (Russian: Росто́вская о́бласть, romanized: Rostovskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [rɐˈstofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the Southern Federal District. The oblast has an area of 100,967 square kilometers (38,984 sq mi) and a population of 4,200,729 (2021 Census), making it the sixth most populous federal subject in Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Rostov-on-Don, which also became the administrative center of the Southern Federal District in 2002.
Reginald Fry
Reginald C. Fry (1878–1932) was an English architect.

Fry's largest body of work can be found at Park Langley, Beckenham where he was supervising architect for the laying out of the estate and designer of many of the houses.

His most memorable house on the estate is 2 Whitecroft Way the design for which won the Ideal House Competition in 1911 and was erected at Olympia in the Ideal Home Show of 1912.

He also designed the Boyne Road Development in Lewisham which is now in a conservation area for the Daily Mail home of the year competition for 1912.

Ideal Home Show
The Ideal Home Show (formerly called the Ideal Home Exhibition) is an annual event in London, England, held at Olympia. The show was devised by the Daily Mail newspaper in 1908 and continued to be run by the Daily Mail until 2009. It was then sold to events and publishing company Media 10.
Ian McGeoch
Vice-Admiral Sir Ian Lachlan Mackay McGeoch, KCB, DSO, DSC (26 March 1914 – 12 August 2007) was a commissioned officer in the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. He commanded the submarine HMS Splendid during the Second World War, and was later Flag Officer Submarines (FOSM) and Flag Officer Scotland and Northern Ireland (FOSNI).

Vice-admiral (Royal Navy)
A vice-admiral (VAdm) is a flag officer rank of the Royal Navy and equates to the NATO rank code OF-8. It is immediately superior to the rear admiral rank and is subordinate to the full admiral rank.

The equivalent rank in the British Army and Royal Marines is lieutenant-general; and in the Royal Air Force, it is air marshal.
The Ecstasy of Saint Theresa
The Ecstasy of Saint Theresa is a Czech alternative rock band formed in 1990 by Jan Muchow, Jan Gregar, Petr Wegner, and Irna Libowitz.

The band released the EP Pigment in 1991. This album, along with 1992's Susurrate, featured a feedback-drenched psychedelic rock sound.

From there, the band moved into ambient and techno-influenced soundscapes, as evidenced by their 1993 album, Free-D, produced with Guy Fixsen (Laika). Free-D marked the end of the original lineup and something of a hiatus for the band. For the next six years, they only released the 1994 remix EP AstralaVista.

1999's In Dust 3 featured Muchow and actress Kateřina Winterová on eleven tracks of pop and post rock sounds. This was followed in 2003 by Slowthinking, released with the accompanying Fastmoving/Slowthinking DVD.

The Ecstasy of Saint Theresa released Watching Black in 2006, and in 2011, a DVD titled 101010 came out, featuring a live performance recorded on 10 October 2010.

Laika (band)
Laika were an English band formed in 1993 and helmed by Margaret Fiedler (lead vocals, programming) and Guy Fixsen (guitar, programming). Their lineup also included John Frenett (bass), Lou Ciccotelli (drums), Louise Elliott (flute, saxophone), and Rob Ellis (drums). Laika were founded following Fiedler and Frenett's departure from the band Moonshake; Laika's other members had previously worked with different artists on the roster of Moonshake's label Too Pure. Laika's experimental style blended diverse genres, including electronica, krautrock, dub, hip hop, and jazz. They released their debut album Silver Apples of the Moon in 1994, and followed with 1997's Sounds of the Satellites, both to critical praise. Laika released two subsequent albums, 2000's Good Looking Blues and 2003's Wherever I Am I Am What Is Missing, after which they entered an indefinite hiatus.
Oxford Reading Tree
The Oxford Reading Tree is a series of books published by Oxford University Press, for teaching children to read using phonics. The series contains over 800 books.

The "Biff, Chip and Kipper" stories, written by Roderick Hunt and illustrated by Alex Brychta, were used as the basis for the CBBC television programme The Magic Key and, in later years, the CBeebies television series Biff & Chip. The Oxford Reading Tree contains other series of books including "Floppy's Phonics", "Songbirds Phonics" by Julia Donaldson, and "Oxford Reading Tree inFact".

In 2022, the book The Blue Eye was withdrawn from sale following allegations of Islamophobia on social media.

Reading
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of symbols, often specifically those of a written language, by means of sight or touch.

For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), punctuation, alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation.

Other types of reading and writing, such as pictograms (e.g., a hazard symbol or an emoji), are not based on speech-based writing systems. The common link is the interpretation of symbols to extract the meaning from the visual notations or tactile signals (e.g., braille).

There is a growing body of evidence which illustrates the importance of reading for pleasure for both educational purposes as well as personal development.
Jean-Laurent Le Cerf de La Viéville
Jean-Laurent Le Cerf de La Viéville, seigneur de Fresneuse, (born 1674 in Rouen where he died 9 November 1707) was a French magistrate and musicographer.

Le Cerf de La Viéville entered the magistracy and became keeper of the seals of the Parliament of Normandy.

Parlement of Rouen
The Parlement of Rouen (French: Parlement de Rouen), also known as the Parlement of Normandy (French: Parlement de Normandie) after the place where it sat (the provincial capital of Normandy), was a provincial parlement of the Kingdom of France. It replaced the ancient court of the exchequer of Normandy, set up by Rollo, first duke of Normandy.

The parlement was built in a mixing of the French Flamboyant style and Renaissance architecture by Roger Ango and Roulland le Roux, between 1499 and 1508, during the reign of the king Louis XII of France. Today, the building is the seat of the courthouse of the city of Rouen.
Shadow Era
Shadow Era (also known as SE) is a free online digital collectible card game created by Vietnamese developer Wulven Studios. Cross platform gameplay is central to the digital version's design and it is supported on PC, Mac, iOS, and Android. A physical version has also been released.

Cross-platform software
Within computing, cross-platform software (also called multi-platform software, platform-agnostic software, or platform-independent software) is computer software that is designed to work in several computing platforms. Some cross-platform software requires a separate build for each platform, but some can be directly run on any platform without special preparation, being written in an interpreted language or compiled to portable bytecode for which the interpreters or run-time packages are common or standard components of all supported platforms.

For example, a cross-platform application may run on Linux, macOS and Microsoft Windows. Cross-platform software may run on many platforms, or as few as two. Some frameworks for cross-platform development are Codename One, ArkUI-X, Kivy, Qt, GTK, Flutter, NativeScript, Xamarin, Apache Cordova, Ionic, and React Native.
Renata Bueno
Renata Bueno (born 10 November 1979) is a Brazilian-Italian politician. From 2013 to 2018, she was a member of the Chamber of Deputies of Italy. In the 2006 Brazilian general election, she was a candidate for the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil. From 2009 to 2012, she was a member of the Municipal Chamber of Curitiba. She is the daughter of Rubens Bueno.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
John W. Adams (Wisconsin politician)
John W. Adams (July 4, 1862 – June 25, 1939) was an American farmer and Democratic politician.  He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Kewaunee County in the 1899 session.  He was also chairman of the Kewaunee County board in 1893–1894.

44th Wisconsin Legislature
The Forty-Fourth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 11, 1899, to May 4, 1899, in regular session.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term. Assembly members were elected to a two-year term. Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 8, 1898. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of a four-year term, having been elected in the general election of November 3, 1896.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Edward Scofield, of Oconto County, serving his second two-year term, having won re-election in the 1898 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.
Isterband
Isterband (Swedish: "lard-strips") is a coarsely ground, lightly smoked sausage from Sweden. It is made of pork, barley groats and potato. There are many varieties of isterband in Swedish cuisine, such as "småländska isterband" from the region of Småland, "syrliga isterband" with a slightly sour taste, and "lättisterband" with a low calorie content. Isterband is often served together with creamed dill potatoes and pickled beetroot.

Isterband is traditionally a lacto-fermented sausage. The traditional method was to hang the sausage over the stove. Today factories often add lacto bacteria to have the same effect faster. The sausage is always more or less sour.

Groat (grain)
Groats (or in some cases, "berries") are the hulled  kernels of various cereal grains, such as oats, wheat, rye, and barley. Groats are whole grains that include the cereal germ and fiber-rich bran portion of the grain, as well as the endosperm (which is the usual product of milling).

Groats can also be produced from pseudocereal seeds such as buckwheat.
Daisychain Reaction
Daisychain Reaction is the second album by American alternative rock band Poster Children.  It was originally released in 1991 on Twin/Tone Records, and reissued by Sire/Reprise in 1992.  It was out of print until 2016 when a 25th anniversary edition was released on vinyl by Lotuspool Records.  The album also spawned the band's first-ever music video, for "If You See Kay".

Reprise Records
Reprise Records is an American record label founded in 1960 by Frank Sinatra. It is owned by Warner Music Group, and operates through Warner Records, one of its flagship labels.

Artists currently signed to Reprise Records include Green Day, Enya, Michael Bublé, Eric Clapton, Stevie Nicks, Neil Young, Deftones, Lindsey Buckingham, Josh Groban, Disturbed, Idina Menzel, My Chemical Romance, Gerard Way, Dwight Yoakam, Never Shout Never, and Billy Strings.
Armchair Science
Armchair Science was a British monthly journal of topical and popular science articles published from 1929 to 1940; it ceased publication because of wartime paper shortages.  The first editor was A. Percy Bradley, a mechanical engineer associated with Brooklands, then Professor A. M. Low.   Issue one included: “Wonders of the Night Sky”; “How Flowers Breed and How they Fade”; “We Eat Bad Cheese, and why not Bad Meat?”; and “What is Noise?”.  It cost one shilling, later reduced to sixpence.  The publisher was Gale & Polden Ltd, London.

It reported the splitting of the atom, the chemical identification of Vitamin C, the finishing of the Dutch dam around the Zuyder Zee and developments in television.  Looking to the future it asked “Are Whales Doomed?”, discussed the possibility of stereoscopic cinema, and reported biofuels and power from the sea.

Its editor in 1940, Stuart Macrae, went on to produce weapons for the war effort as part of MD1, known also as "Churchill's Toyshop".

Brooklands
Brooklands was a 2.767-mile (4.453 km) motor racing circuit and aerodrome built near Weybridge in Surrey, England, United Kingdom. It opened in 1907 and was the world's first purpose-built 'banked' motor racing circuit as well as one of Britain's first airfields, which also became Britain's largest aircraft manufacturing centre by 1918, producing military aircraft such as the Wellington and civil airliners like the Viscount and VC10.

The circuit hosted its last race in August 1939 and today part of it forms the Brooklands Museum, a major aviation and motoring museum, as well as a venue for vintage car, motorcycle and other transport-related events.
1988 Davis Cup Europe/Africa Zone
The Europe/Africa Zone is one of the three zones of the regional Davis Cup competition in 1988.

In the Europe/Africa Zone there are two different tiers, called groups, in which teams compete against each other to advance to the upper tier.

Austria Davis Cup team
The Austria Davis Cup team represents Austria in the Davis Cup and is governed by the Austrian Tennis Federation, known in German as Österreichischer Tennisverband . In 2010, Austria was re-promoted to the World Group after being relegated to the Europa/Africa Zone Group I only one year earlier. In 2012, Austria advanced to the World Group quarterfinals for the first time since 1995, eventually losing against Spain.
Pękanino, Białogard County
Pękanino [pɛnkaˈninɔ] (German: Groß Panknin) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Białogard, within Białogard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north of Białogard and 115 km (71 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 40.

Białogard County
Białogard County (Polish: powiat białogardzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Białogard, which lies 113 kilometres (70 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The only other towns in the county are Karlino, lying 9 km (6 mi) north-west of Białogard, and Tychowo, 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Białogard.

The county covers an area of 845.36 square kilometres (326.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population was 48,241, out of which the population of Białogard was 24,339, that of Karlino 5,794, and the rural population 18,108 (including approximately 2,500 for the population of Tychowo, which became a town in 2010).
Idaho State Bengals football
The Idaho State Bengals football program represents Idaho State University in college football.  The Bengals play their home games at the ICCU Dome, an indoor facility on campus in Pocatello, Idaho. Idaho State is a charter member of the Big Sky Conference in NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) (formerly Division I-AA). Through the 2022 season, the Bengals have an all-time record of 482–550–20 (.468). Idaho State's current head coach is Cody Hawkins, who was hired on December 11, 2022.

Pocatello, Idaho
Pocatello (/ˈpoʊkəˈtɛloʊ/ ⓘ) is the county seat of and the largest city in Bannock County, with a small portion on the Fort Hall Indian Reservation in neighboring Power County, containing the city's airport. It is the principal city of the Pocatello metropolitan area, which encompasses all of Bannock County in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Idaho.

As of the 2020 census, the population of Pocatello was 56,320. Pocatello is the 6th most populous city in the state, just behind Caldwell.

The city is at an elevation of 4,462 feet (1,360 m) above sea level and it sits on the Portneuf River in the Snake River Plain ecoregion. Pocatello covers a land area of 33.36 square miles (86.4 square kilometers).

Pocatello is the home of Idaho State University and the manufacturing facilities of Amy's Kitchen and ON Semiconductor Corporation; it is served by the Pocatello Regional Airport.
USS Pickerel
Two ships of the United States Navy have borne the name USS Pickerel, named for the pickerel, a young or small pike.

The first, USS Pickerel (SS-177), was a Porpoise-class submarine, launched in 1936 and lost in 1943 under unknown circumstances.

The second, USS Pickerel (SS-524), was a Tench-class submarine, launched in 1944 and stricken in 1977.

A third ship, USS F-3 (SS-22), was originally laid down as USS Pickerel, but renamed prior to her 1912 launch.

United States Porpoise-class submarine
The Porpoise class were submarines built for the United States Navy in the late 1930s, and incorporated a number of modern features that would make them the basis for the subsequent Salmon, Sargo, Tambor, Gato, Balao, and Tench classes. In some references, the Porpoises are called the "P" class.
Amogh carbine
The Amogh Carbine (Hindi: अमोघ; meaning unerring) is a select-fire personal defense weapon designed and manufactured by Ordnance Factories Board. It is a derivative of the Excalibur rifle, which in turn is a development of the INSAS rifle.

The Amogh has been designed for close quarters operations.

Excalibur rifle
The Excalibur is an assault rifle derived from the INSAS rifle, the standard rifle of the Indian Armed Forces and, to a lesser extent, the Indian Police Service. The Excalibur has many improvements over the INSAS rifle and was slated to replace it as the Indian Army's standard assault rifle; however, the Indian Army put the replacement out to tender in September 2016. Many police forces in India have procured the Excalibur in limited numbers.

It is manufactured by Ordnance Factory Board in Rifle Factory Ishapore.
Mihály Barla
Mihály Barla Slovene Miháo Barla (circa 1778 – February 4, 1824) was a Slovenian Lutheran pastor, writer, and poet.

He was born in Murska Sobota. He studied in Sopron, in the Evangelical Lyceum, by 1803 studied in the University of Jena.
In 1807 was the director of the Hungarian-Latin School of Sárszentlőrinc (Tolna), in 1808 teacher of Evangelical School of Győr. 1810-1824 ministrat in Kővágóörs, near the Balaton, and here died.

In 1823 rework the hymn-book of Mihály Bakos on the score of Krszcsánszke nóve peszmene knige (New Christian hymn-book, Hung. Új keresztény énekeskönyv).

Lyceum
The lyceum is a category of educational institution defined within the education system of many countries, mainly in Europe. The definition varies among countries; usually it is a type of secondary school. Basic science and some introduction to specific professions are generally taught.
Mostafa Boroujerdi
Ayatollah Mostafa Boroujerdi(Persian: مصطفی بروجردی) (born 1962) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a.

He studied in the seminaries of Qom, Iran under the Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Fazel Lankarani and Mohammad Mahdi Bojnourdi.

Marja'
Marja' (Arabic: مرجع, romanized: marjiʿ ; plural marājiʿ ; lit. 'source to follow'  or 'religious reference') is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia religious cleric, with the authority given by a hawzah (a seminary where Shi'a Muslim scholars are educated) to make legal decisions within the confines of Islamic law for followers and clerics below him in rank. The highest ranking marjiʿ is known as the marja al-mutlaq or marja al-taqlid al-mutlaq. A marji' is usually also a grand ayatollah.

Sources differ as to when the institution of the marja' emerged, with Murtadha al-Ansari (died 1864) and Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (died 940 or 941) both being called the first marja'.

As of 2023, there are more than 50 living maraji, almost all residing in Iran or Iraq.
Wisin vs. Yandel: Los Extraterrestres
Wisin vs. Yandel: Los Extraterrestres (English: The Extraterrestrials/Aliens) is the fifth studio album by Puerto Rican reggaeton duo Wisin & Yandel, released on November 6, 2007, by Machete Music. On November 13, 2008, the album received the Latin Grammy Award for Best Urban Music Album and Lo Nuestro Award for Urban Album of the Year. Also, the album won Grammy Award for Best Latin Urban Album on 2009.

Los Extraterrestres debuted at number 14 on Billboard 200 with selling over 53,000 copies. The album sold over 430,000 copies making it the top selling Latin album of United States of 2008 and more than 1.5 million copies worldwide making it one of the best selling reggaeton albums of all time.

Grammy Award for Best Latin Urban Album
The Grammy Award for Best Latin Urban Album has been awarded since 2008. Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented, for works released in the previous year. In 2009, this category was joined with the Latin Rock field, to be renamed Best Latin Rock, Alternative or Urban Album.
Pontryagin cohomology operation
In mathematics, a Pontryagin cohomology operation is a cohomology operation taking cohomology classes in H2n(X,Z/prZ) to H2pn(X,Z/pr+1Z) for some prime number p. When p=2 these operations were introduced by Pontryagin (1942) and were named Pontrjagin squares by Whitehead (1949) (with the term "Pontryagin square" also being used). They were generalized to arbitrary primes by Thomas (1956).

Characteristic class
In mathematics, a characteristic class is a way of associating to each principal bundle of X a cohomology class of X. The cohomology class measures the extent to which the bundle is "twisted" and whether it possesses sections. Characteristic classes are global invariants that measure the deviation of a local product structure from a global product structure. They are one of the unifying geometric concepts in algebraic topology, differential geometry, and algebraic geometry.

The notion of characteristic class arose in 1935 in the work of Eduard Stiefel and Hassler Whitney about vector fields on manifolds.
Thomas Tremblay
Thomas Tremblay, OC GOQ (December 13, 1895 –  April 24, 1988) was a Canadian lawyer, politician, and judge.

Born in Saint-Roch-des-Aulnaies, Quebec, Tremblay received his secondary education at Collège Ste-Anne de La Pocatière. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1916 and a law degree from Laval University in 1919. He was admitted to the bar the same year and he practiced in Quebec and Montmagny from 1919 to 1937, with various partners, including Armand Lavergne. He was made a King's Counsel in 1938.

He was a Conservative candidate in the riding of L'Islet in the provincial election of 1931 and Montmagny—L'Islet in the federal election of 1935. He was vice-president of the Société des alcools du Québec from 1937 to July 1938. In 1938, he was made a judge of the Court of Sessions of the Peace. In 1948, he became Chief Justice. In 1953, he was named chair of the Royal Commission of Inquiry on Constitutional Problems. He retired in 1969.

1931 Quebec general election
The 1931 Quebec general election was held on August 24, 1931, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Quebec, Canada.  The incumbent Quebec Liberal Party, led by Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, was re-elected, defeating the Quebec Conservative Party, led by Camillien Houde.

It was the third general election victory in a row for Taschereau, who had held office since 1920.