hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Immediate Geographic Region of Formiga
The Immediate Geographic Region of Formiga is one of the 6 immediate geographic regions in the Intermediate Geographic Region of Divinópolis, one of the 70 immediate geographic regions in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais and one of the 509 of Brazil, created by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017.

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics
The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Portuguese: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; IBGE) is the agency responsible for official collection of statistical, geographic, cartographic, geodetic and environmental information in Brazil. The IBGE performs a decennial national census; questionnaires account for information such as age, household income, literacy, education, occupation and hygiene levels.

The IBGE is a public institute created in 1936 under the name National Institute of Statistics. Its founder and chief proponent was statistician Mário Augusto Teixeira de Freitas. The current name dates from 1938. Its headquarters are located in Rio de Janeiro, and its current president is Marcio Pochmann, replacing Eduardo Rios Neto. It was made a federal agency by the Federal Decree-Law No. 161 of February 13, 1967, and is linked to the Ministry of the Economy, inside the Secretariat of Planning, Budget and Management.
Moore space (topology)
In mathematics, more specifically point-set topology, a Moore space is a developable regular Hausdorff space. That is, a topological space X is a Moore space if the following conditions hold:

Any two distinct points can be separated by neighbourhoods, and any closed set and any point in its complement can be separated by neighbourhoods. (X is a regular Hausdorff space.)

There is a countable collection of open covers of X, such that for any closed set C and any point p in its complement there exists a cover in the collection such that every neighbourhood of p in the cover is disjoint from C. (X is a developable space.)

Moore spaces are generally interesting in mathematics because they may be applied to prove interesting metrization theorems. The concept of a Moore space was formulated by R. L. Moore in the earlier part of the 20th century.

Complement (set theory)
In set theory, the complement of a set A, often denoted by  (or A′), is the set of elements not in A.

When all elements in the universe, i.e. all elements under consideration, are considered to be members of a given set U, the absolute complement of A is the set of elements in U that are not in A.

The relative complement of A with respect to a set B, also termed the set difference of B and A, written  is the set of elements in B that are not in A.
Social Security Board (Belize)
The Social Security Board (SSB) is a statutory corporation of Belize which administers the country's Social Security Fund. It was established in 1981 by Part IV of the Social Security Act (SSA).

The Social Security Board is part of the membership of the Inter-American Conference on Social Security it is a technical and specialized international organization, which has the objective of promoting the development of social protection and security in America.

Statutory corporation
A statutory corporation is a corporation created by statute. Their precise nature varies by jurisdiction, but their powers are defined in, and controlled by, the creating legislation.

Bodies described in the English language as "statutory corporations" exist in the following countries in accordance with the associated descriptions (where provided).
Piz Alpetta
Piz Alpetta (2,764 m) is a mountain of the Glarus Alps, located near Disentis in the canton of Graubünden. It lies at the eastern end of the chain east of Piz Cavardiras, between the Val Russein and the main Rhine valley.

Glarus Alps
The Glarus Alps (German: Glarner Alpen) are a mountain range in central Switzerland. They are bordered by the Uri Alps and the Schwyz Alps to the west, the Lepontine Alps to the south, the Appenzell Alps to the northeast. The eastern part of the Glarus Alps contains a major thrust fault that was declared a geologic UNESCO World Heritage Site (the Swiss Tectonic Arena Sardona).

The Glarus Alps extend well beyond the canton of Glarus, including parts of the cantons of Uri, Graubünden, and St Gallen. Conversely, not all the mountains in the canton of Glarus are part of the Glarus Alps, with those to the north of the Urner Boden and to the west of the valley of the river Linth considered to be part of the Schwyz Alps.
Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Women's 80 metres hurdles
The Women's 80 metres hurdles at the 1952 Summer Olympics took place on July 24 and July 25 at the Helsinki Olympic Stadium. Australian athlete Shirley Strickland de la Hunty earned the gold medal, setting new World and Olympic records.

Helsinki Olympic Stadium
The Helsinki Olympic Stadium (Finnish: Helsingin Olympiastadion; Swedish: Helsingfors Olympiastadion), located in the Töölö district about 2.3 kilometres (1.4 mi) from the centre of the Finnish capital Helsinki, is the largest stadium in the country. The stadium is best known for being the centre of activities in the 1952 Summer Olympics. During those games, it hosted athletics, equestrian show jumping, and the football finals.

The stadium was also the venue for the first Bandy World Championship in 1957, the first and tenth World Athletics Championships, in 1983 and 2005. It hosted the European Athletics Championships in 1971, 1994 and 2012. It is also the home stadium of the Finland national football team.

The stadium reopened in August 2020 after four years of renovation.
Lothar H. Wieler
Lothar Heinz Wieler (born 8 February 1961) is a German veterinarian and microbiologist who served as president of the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) from 2015 to 2023. In this capacity, he advised the German Federal and State Governments on topics of public health, especially infection hazards, and on the containment of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Veterinarian
A veterinarian (vet) or veterinary surgeon is a medical professional who practices veterinary medicine. They manage a wide range of health conditions and injuries in non-human animals. Along with this, veterinarians also play a role in animal reproduction, health management, conservation, husbandry and breeding and preventive medicine like nutrition, vaccination and parasitic control as well as biosecurity and zoonotic disease surveillance and prevention.
Arab Azzah
Arab Azzah (Arabic: عرب عزة, Turkish: Arap Azizi) is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. It is located midway between al-Rai and Jarabulus, at the eastern banks of Sajur River, just north of Sajur Lake and close to the Syria–Turkey border. Administratively belonging to Nahiya Ghandoura in Jarabulus District, the village has a population of 417 as per the 2004 census. The village is inhabited by Turkmen of the Elbegli tribe.

Aleppo Governorate
Aleppo Governorate (Arabic: محافظة حلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalab, [muˈħaːfaðˤat ˈħalab]; Kurmanji Kurdish: Parêzgeha Helebê) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is the most populous governorate in Syria with a population of more than 4,867,000 (2011 Est.), almost 23% of the total population of Syria. The governorate is the fifth in area with an area of 18,482 km2 (7,136 sq mi), or 18,498 square kilometres (7,142 sq mi)2, about 10% of the total area of Syria. The capital is the city of Aleppo.
Lai Yee Hing
Lai Yee Hing (Chinese: 賴怡興; pinyin: Lài Yíxìng) is a Singaporean organic chemistry professor based in the National University of Singapore. He was the principal of NUS High School of Mathematics and Science and held this position from July 2004 to 30 August 2007.

Lai Yee Hing graduated with a BSc from the former Nanyang University (now National University of Singapore) in 1976 and received his PhD from the University of Victoria in 1980. Following that he spent 2 years in University of California Berkeley as a post-doctoral fellow, working with Peter Vollhardt. His research interests include novel aromatic compounds, conjugated organic materials and macrocycles.

Nanyang University
Nanyang University (Chinese: 南洋大學) was a private university in Singapore between 1956 and 1980. During its existence it was Singapore's only private university in the Chinese language. In 1980, Nanyang University was merged with the University of Singapore to form the National University of Singapore (NUS). It was not until 2005 that another private school in Singapore, SIM University, was established.
James Erisey
James Erisey was born at Erisey House near Mullion, in the parish of Grade in Cornwall. He sailed as a privateer with Sir Francis Drake.

In 1585 Drake hired James Erisey to captain a man-o-war, following a message from Queen Elizabeth I that "privateers were at liberty to attack Spanish shipping".

In 1586 he was again part of a fleet led by Drake. He was also one of the early colonists of Roanoke Island. Erisey was captain of the "White Lion", a private warship owned by Charles Lord Howard of Effingham, who at the time was Lord Admiral of England.

In 1588 he was at Plymouth with Drake when they sailed out to fight the Spanish Armada invasion fleet. Also in Drake's fleet was Sir Richard Grenville, who was Erisey's cousin.

Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham
Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, 2nd Baron Howard of Effingham, KG (1536 – 14 December 1624), known as Lord Howard of Effingham, was an English statesman and Lord High Admiral under Elizabeth I and James I. He commanded the English fleet against the Spanish Armada in 1588 and was chiefly credited with securing the victory that safeguarded England from invasion by the Spanish Empire. According to Britannica, "Although he was not as talented a seaman as his subordinates Sir Francis Drake and John Hawkins, Howard's able leadership contributed greatly to this important English victory."
1981 World Championship Tennis Finals
The 1981 World Championship Tennis Finals was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 11th edition of the WCT Finals and was part of the 1981 Volvo Grand Prix. The tournament was played at the Reunion Arena in Dallas, Texas in the United States and was held from April 27 through May 3, 1981. The winners of the eight WCT tournaments that were part of the 1981 Grand Prix circuit qualified for the tournament augmented by the next best performers in the WCT points standings. Guillermo Vilas qualified by winning the last tournament held just before the WCT Finals, the River Oaks Tournament in Houston, but was unavailable to play. Jimmy Connors withdrew before the tournament due to gastroenteritis and Yannick Noah could not participate due to a shoulder injury. They were replaced by Sandy Mayer and Sam Giammalva respectively. First-seeded John McEnroe won the title and $100,000 prize money.

Yannick Noah
Yannick Noah (French pronunciation: [janik nɔa]; born 18 May 1960) is a French former professional tennis player and singer, who was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2005. Noah won the French Open in 1983, and is a former captain of both France's Davis Cup and Billie Jean King Cup teams. During his nearly two-decade career, Noah captured 23 singles titles and 16 doubles titles, reaching a career-high singles ranking of world No. 3 in July 1986 and attaining the world No. 1 doubles ranking the following month. Since his retirement from the game, Noah has remained in the public eye as a popular music performer and as the co-founder, with his mother, of a charity organization for underprivileged children. Noah is also the father of former NBA player Joakim Noah.
Government of New Hampshire
The State of New Hampshire has a republican form of government modeled after the Government of the United States, with three branches: the executive, consisting of the Governor of New Hampshire, the elected Executive Council, and subordinate agencies; the legislative, called the New Hampshire General Court, which includes the Senate and the House of Representatives; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire and lower courts.

The New Hampshire state capital is Concord. The capital was Portsmouth during colonial times, and Exeter from 1775 to 1808. The Governor's office, some other executive offices, and both legislative chambers are in the State House. The Legislative Office Building is behind the State House in this photograph; the state Supreme Court and other agencies are in an office park on the other (east) side of the Merrimack River.

Merrimack River
The Merrimack River (or Merrimac River, an occasional earlier spelling) is a 117-mile-long (188 km) river in the northeastern United States. It rises at the confluence of the Pemigewasset and Winnipesaukee rivers in Franklin, New Hampshire, flows southward into Massachusetts, and then flows northeast until it empties into the Gulf of Maine at Newburyport. From Pawtucket Falls in Lowell, Massachusetts, onward, the Massachusetts–New Hampshire border is roughly calculated as the line three miles north of the river.

The Merrimack is an important regional focus in both New Hampshire and Massachusetts. The central-southern part of New Hampshire and most of northeast Massachusetts is known as the Merrimack Valley.

Several U.S. naval ships have been named USS Merrimack and USS Merrimac in honor of this river. The river is also known for the early American literary classic A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers by Henry David Thoreau.
Aupaluk
Aupaluk (Inuktitut: ᐊᐅᐸᓗᒃ) (2021 Population: 233) is a northern village in Nunavik, in the Nord-du-Québec region of Quebec.  It is the least-populous Inuit community in Nunavik.

The name means "where the earth is red", referring to its iron-bearing (ferruginous) soil.

Its population has been increasing: it was 195 in 2011, up from 159 in 2001.

Aupaluk is located on the western shore of Ungava Bay, north of Tasiujaq and 80 km south of Kangirsuk. It is about 150 km northwest of Kuujjuaq.

It is served by nearby Aupaluk Airport.

Since 1996, the Kativik Regional Police Force (KRPF) provides police services for the village.

Classification of municipalities in Quebec
The following is a list of the types of local and supralocal territorial units in Quebec, Canada, including those used solely for statistical purposes, as defined by the Ministry of Municipal Affairs, Regions and Land Occupancy and compiled by the Institut de la statistique du Québec

Not included are the urban agglomerations in Quebec, which, although they group together multiple municipalities, exercise only what are ordinarily local municipal powers.

A list of local municipal units in Quebec by regional county municipality can be found at List of municipalities in Quebec.
Helen Ogger
Helen Ogger (June 20, 1909 – February 1983) was an American inker and cartoonist who worked for Walt Disney Productions' Ink and Paint Department throughout the 1930s. She is known for her work on Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, as she was the only one who could apply the dye that became Snow White's blush.

Snow White (Disney character)
Snow White is a fictional character and a main character from Disney’s first animated feature film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). Voiced by Adriana Caselotti, the character is derived from the 1812 fairy tale collected by the Brothers Grimm.

Snow White is the first Disney Princess and the first fictional female character with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Given the title the "Fairest One of All", she has continued to inspire similar traits in future Disney heroines, such as singing and communicating with animals.

After Caselotti, she has also been voiced by Thelma Boardman, Jane Powell, Ilene Woods, Dorothy Warenskjold, June Foray, Mary Kay Bergman, Carolyn Gardner, Melissa Disney, Katie Von Til, and Pamela Ribon, and portrayed live by Mary Jo Salerno (musical) and Stephanie Bennett (Descendants). Rachel Zegler portrays a live-action version of the character in the live-action adaptation of the original 1937 film.
Manitoba Liberal Party candidates in the 1999 Manitoba provincial election
One member of the Manitoba Liberal Party was  elected to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba in the 1999 provincial election.  Some of the party's candidates have their own biography pages; information about others may be found here.

This page also provides information for candidates in by-elections between 1999 and 2003.

1999 Manitoba general election
The 1999 Manitoba general election was held on September 21, 1999 to elect Members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Manitoba, Canada.

The New Democratic Party (NDP) was returned to government after sitting in opposition since the 1988 election. The NDP won 32 seats, against 24 for the Progressive Conservative Party.  The Manitoba Liberal Party won one seat.

The Manitoba PC Party declined in popularity due to unpopular budget cuts on the healthcare system, social programs, and civil servants. The budget cuts on Public Service employees resulted in "Filmon Fridays" where civil servants had to take 10 unpaid days off each year. A vote splitting scandal has also hurt the Manitoba PC Party's reputation when the Independent Native Voice Party was claimed to be funded by the PC Caucus in attempt to take away votes from the NDP during the 1995 election.
Elm Bluff, Alabama
Elm Bluff, also known as Centreport, Shepardsville, and Shepardville, is an unincorporated community in Dallas County, Alabama.  It was named for the nearby bluff on the Alabama River and the closely associated Elm Bluff Plantation.

Alabama River
The Alabama River, in the U.S. state of Alabama, is formed by the Tallapoosa and Coosa rivers, which unite about 6 miles (10 km) north of Montgomery, near the town of Wetumpka.

Over a course of approximately 319 miles (513 km), the river meanders west towards Selma, then southwest until, about 45 miles (72 km) from Mobile, it unites with the Tombigbee, forming the Mobile and Tensaw rivers, which discharge into Mobile Bay.
Actaeon
In Greek mythology, Actaeon (/ækˈtiːən/; Ancient Greek: Ἀκταίων Aktaiōn) was the son of the priestly herdsman Aristaeus in Boeotia, and a famous Theban hero. Through his mother Autonoë he was a member of the ruling House of Cadmus. Like Achilles in a later generation, he was trained by the centaur Chiron.

He succumbed to the fatal wrath of Artemis (later his myth became attached to tales of Artemis' Roman counterpart Diana), but the surviving details of his transgression vary: "the only certainty is in what Aktaion suffered, his pathos, and what Artemis did: the hunter became the hunted; he was transformed into a stag, and his raging hounds, struck with a 'wolf's frenzy' (Lyssa), tore him apart as they would a stag."

Most depictions, both in ancient art and in Renaissance and post-Renaissance art, show either the moment of transgression and transformation, or his killing by his own hounds.

Pathos
Pathos appeals to the emotions and ideals of the audience and elicits feelings that already reside in them. Pathos is a term most often used in rhetoric (in which it is considered one of the three modes of persuasion, alongside ethos and logos), as well as in literature, film and other narrative art.
Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes
Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes could refer to:

Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes (federal electoral district)

Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes (provincial electoral district)

Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands—Rideau Lakes
Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands—Rideau Lakes is a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons since 1979. Prior to the 2025 election, the riding was known as Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes, and prior to the 2015 election as Leeds—Grenville.

The 2018 Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes federal by-election was won by Michael Barrett. Michael has represented this riding since December 3, 2018.
El Rosal, Cauca
El Rosal is a Colombian corregimiento of the municipality of San Sebastián in the Cauca department located on the Colombian Massif. El Rosal limits to the north with the municipality of Almaguer, to the south with the municipality of Santa Rosa, to the east with the Lerma hill and to the west with the municipality of Bolívar; It has important water sources such as the Ramos River from its source downstream to its mouth in the San Jorge River, to the west with the Hato Frío River.

Cauca Department
Cauca Department (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkawka], Spanish: Departamento del Cauca) is a department of Southwestern Colombia. Located in the southwestern part of the country, facing the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Valle del Cauca Department to the north, Tolima Department to the northeast, Huila Department to the east, and Nariño Department to the south. Putumayo and Caqueta Departments border the southeast portion of Cauca Department as well. It covers a total area of 29,308 km2 (11,316 sq mi), the 13th largest in Colombia. Its capital is the city of Popayán. The offshore island of Malpelo belongs to the department. It is located in the southwest of the country, mainly in the Andean and Pacific regions (between 0°58′54″N and 3°19′04″N latitude, 75°47′36″W and 77°57′05″W longitude) plus a tiny part (Piamonte) in the Amazonian region. The area makes up 2.56% of the country.
Sarpayagam
Sarpayagam (transl. Snake offering) is a 1991 Indian Telugu-language crime drama film written and directed by Paruchuri Brothers starring Sobhan Babu, Vani Viswanath, Rekha and Roja Selvamani in the lead roles. The film bankrolled by D. Ramanaidu under Suresh Productions had musical score by Vidyasagar. Srinivasa Varma, Nagesh, Nutan Prasad and Brahmanandam essayed other major supporting characters. The film, based on true events revolves around a man who becomes a vengeful serial killer after his daughter gets brutally raped. Despite having a limited release, the film turned out to be a box office hit, garnering a positive response from critics and people. Actor Sobhan received acclaim for his portrayal of the revenge seeking father.

Suresh Productions
Suresh Productions (also known as Suresh Movies, Vijaya Suresh Combines) is an Indian film production and distribution company known for its works in Telugu cinema. It is established in 1964 by D. Ramanaidu. It is one of India's largest film production companies with over 50 years of experience. The production house is located in Ramanaidu Studios, Hyderabad.

Suresh Productions has produced more than 150 films in 13 Indian languages, majority of them in the Telugu language. The first film produced by the company was Ramudu Bheemudu with N. T. Rama Rao in 1964. Suresh Productions launched the careers of directors such as B. Gopal, Jayanth C. Paranjee, Muppalaneni Shiva, Tirupathi Swamy, and Uday Shankar and four music directors.
Shan State Army (RCSS)
The Shan State Army (Shan: တပ်ႉသိုၵ်းၸိုင်ႈတႆး – ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်း; abbreviated SSA or RCSS/SSA), also known as the Shan State Army – South (SSA-S), is the armed wing of the Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS) and one of the largest insurgent groups in Myanmar (Burma). The RCSS/SSA was led by Lieutenant General Yawd Serk until his resignation on 3 February 2014. Yawd Serk was reelected chairman of the RCSS shortly after his resignation and has remained chairman since.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.