hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Newport Stadium
Newport Stadium, also known as Spytty Park, is an association football, rugby and athletics stadium in Newport, South Wales. It is the home of Gwalia United FC, Newport City Football Club, Newport RFC and Newport Harriers Athletic Club. It was previously also used for home matches by Newport County and Albion Rovers football clubs. Newport County continue to use the stadium as a base for youth teams and senior squad training. It is part of the Newport International Sports Village, a major sports complex managed by Newport City Council.

Gwalia United F.C.
Gwalia United Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed Gwalia Unedig) is a Welsh women's football club playing in the FAWNL Southern Premier Division. The club was renamed Gwalia United prior to the start of the 2024–25 season. Prior to this, the club was most recently called Cardiff City Ladies F.C. but has also played as Llanedeyrn L.F.C., Inter Cardiff F.C. and Cardiff County L.F.C.
Sobha Surendran
Sobha Surendran (born 1974) is an Indian politician from the state of Kerala, allied to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). She is widely recognized for her participation in various social and political issues. Sobha is the first woman politician from Kerala to hold a position at the national level. She has acted as the state president of BJP Mahila Morcha.Known for her dynamic oratory and grassroots connections, Sobha has increased BJP's vote share in every election she has contested. She also serves on the board of directors of the Chennai Petroleum Corporation.

Chennai Petroleum Corporation
Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited (CPCL), formerly known as Madras Refineries Limited (MRL), is a subsidiary of Indian Oil Corporation Limited which is under the ownership of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas of the Government of India. It is headquartered in Chennai, India. It was formed as a joint venture in 1965 between the Government of India (GOI), Amoco and National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), having a shareholding in the ratio 74%: 13%: 13% respectively. From the grassroots stage CPCL Refinery was set up with an installed capacity of 2.5 million tonnes per year in a record time of 27 months at a cost of ₹430 million (US$5.1 million) without any time or cost overrun.
Lest Darkness Fall and To Bring the Light
Lest Darkness Fall [and] To Bring the Light is an anthology of time travel alternate history stories by American writers L. Sprague de Camp and David Drake. It was first published in paperback by Baen Books in August 1996. The book has been translated into Italian.

Baen Books
Baen Books (/ˈbeɪn/) is an American publishing house for science fiction and fantasy. In science fiction, it emphasizes space opera, hard science fiction, and military science fiction. The company was established in 1983 by science fiction publisher and editor Jim Baen. After his death in 2006, he was succeeded as publisher by long-time executive editor Toni Weisskopf.
Bryant Fleming House
Bryant Fleming House is a historic home located at Wyoming in Wyoming County, New York.  It was built about 1850 and is a 1+1⁄2-story, two-by-three-bay cross-gabled vernacular Italianate-style cottage with a two-by-three-bay, 1-story rear wing.  Another main building is a multi-purpose "playhouse" designed for large-scale entertaining and accommodation of overnight guests.  The property includes notable landscape features that its principal owner, Bryant Fleming (1877–1946) designed and installed after he purchased the property about 1910.  Also on the property is a small decorative pool with fountain, two sets of stone and concrete steps, a garden gate, and brick walls with gate posts.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

Wyoming County, New York
Wyoming County is a county in the U.S. state of New York in the state's western area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,531. The county seat is Warsaw. The name is modified from a Lenape (Delaware) Native American word meaning "broad bottom lands". Wyoming County was formed from Genesee County in 1841. Wyoming County is one of New York's mostly agricultural counties. With an estimated 47,500 dairy cows in the county, there are more cattle in Wyoming County than people. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.
Sikkilsdalshøa
Sikkilsdalshøa is a mountain in Nord-Fron Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,778-metre (5,833 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains about 45 kilometres (28 mi) south of the village of Vågåmo. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Heimdalshøe and Styggehøe to the southwest and Gravdalsknappen and Ingulssjøhøi to the northeast.

Vågåmo
Vågåmo is the administrative centre of Vågå Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located along the Otta River, at the eastern end of the lake Vågåvatn in the Ottadalen valley. The Norwegian National Road 15 passes through the village. The 1.68-square-kilometre (420-acre) village has a population (2024) of 1,471 and a population density of 876 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,270/sq mi).

Vågåmo is home to a local museum, the Jutulheimen Bygdemuseum, and to the historical Klones farm which is also the location of the Nord-Gudbrandsdalen Upper Secondary School (videregående skole) which specializes in agriculture. The Klones farm dates back to the 15th century and has been the location of the school since 1919. There are also many horses and a store named Jutulbue there. Vågå Church is located in the village.
Shawn Green (game designer)
Shawn C. Green is an American video game developer who is best known for his work in the Doom and Hexen series for id Software and for Raven Software. He also worked on Daikatana and Anachronox as a programmer for Ion Storm in Dallas, Texas. He has also worked for Gearbox Software making Halo: Combat Evolved, as well as co-founding Escalation Studios.

Ion Storm
Ion Storm, L.P. was an American video game developer founded in Dallas, Texas in November 1996 by John Romero and Tom Hall, both formerly of id Software; a branch in Austin, Texas was opened in 1997. In April 1999, Eidos Interactive acquired 51% of the company in exchange for advances to the developers.

Despite an impressive pedigree and high expectations, the company only produced one commercial and critical success, 2000's Deus Ex. The Dallas studio closed in July 2001, leaving the Austin studio as the new headquarters. After financial struggles at Eidos Interactive, the Austin studio followed with its own closure in February 2005.
John Adams (educator)
John Adams (September 18, 1772 – April 24, 1863) was an American educator noted for organizing several hundred Sunday schools.  He was the 4th Principal of Phillips Academy.  His life was celebrated by Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. in his poem, "The School Boy", which was read at the centennial celebration of Phillips Academy in 1878, thus recalls him:

Uneasy lie the heads of all that rule — His most of all whose kingdom is a school.

Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.
Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. (BBH) is the oldest and one of the largest private investment banks in the United States. In 1931, the merger of Brown Brothers & Co. (founded in 1818) and Harriman Brothers & Co. formed the current BBH.

Brown Brothers Harriman is also notable for the number of influential American politicians, government appointees, and Cabinet members who have worked at the company, such as W. Averell Harriman, Prescott Bush, Robert A. Lovett, Richard W. Fisher, Robert Roosa, Alan Greenspan, and Scott Bessent.
Artur Noga
Artur Noga (born 2 May 1988 in Racibórz) is a Polish athlete. He mainly competes in the 110 metres hurdles. He finished 5th at the 2008 Summer Olympics in a time of 13.36s.

In 2006, he won a gold medal at the World Junior Championships in Beijing at 110 metres hurdles. His winning time of 13.26s was a Championship record.

His 110 metres hurdles personal best of 13.26, set in 2013, is the standing national record.

Racibórz
Racibórz (pronounced [raˈt͡ɕibuʂ] ⓘ, German: Ratibor, Czech: Ratiboř, Silesian: Racibōr) is a city in Silesian Voivodeship in southern Poland. It is the administrative seat of Racibórz County.

With Opole, Racibórz is one of the historic capitals of Upper Silesia, being the residence of the Dukes of Racibórz from 1172 to 1521.
Doña Bárbara (1975 TV series)
Doña Bárbara is a Venezuelan telenovela written by José Ignacio Cabrujas and produced by RCTV in 1974. It is based on the 1929 novel of the same name written by Rómulo Gallegos.

Marina Baura starred as the titular character with Elio Rubens as Santos, Marisela Berti as Marisela and Carlos Marquez as Balbino.

Rómulo Gallegos
Rómulo Ángel del Monte Carmelo Gallegos Freire (2 August 1884 – 5 April 1969) was a Venezuelan novelist and politician. In 1948, he became the first freely elected president in Venezuela's history. He was removed from power after only nine months by a military coup.

Rómulo Gallegos is considered the most important Venezuelan novelist of the 20th century and a prominent figure in Latin American literature.
1991 Epsom Derby
The 1991 Epsom Derby was a horse race which took place at Epsom Downs on Wednesday 5 June 1991. It was the 212th running of the Derby, and it was won by Generous. The winner was ridden by Alan Munro and trained by Paul Cole. The pre-race joint favourites were Corrupt (sixth) and Toulon (ninth).

Craven Stakes
The Craven Stakes is a Group 3 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old colts and geldings. It is run over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres) on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket in mid-April.
Abdul Mashhood Khan
Abdul Mashhood Khan (born 1 July 1969) is an Indian politician and member of the Samajwadi Party. He was a candidate in the 2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election and the 2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election to represent Tulsipur.

2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
The election to the 17th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly was held from 11 February to 8 March 2017 in 7 phases. This election saw a voter turnout of 61.11% compared to 59.40% in the previous election. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won a landslide victory of 325 seats despite not projecting a chief ministerial candidate before the election. As part of its election strategy, BJP contested under a collective leadership and capitalised mostly on the political clout and 'brand' of its leader Narendra Modi.

On 18 March 2017, Yogi Adityanath was appointed as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh. Then Uttar Pradesh BJP chief Keshav Prasad Maurya and Dinesh Sharma were appointed as Deputy Chief Ministers.
History of quaternions
Here as he walked by on the 16th of October 1843 Sir William Rowan Hamilton in a flash of genius discovered the fundamental formula for quaternion multiplicationi2 = j2 = k2 = ijk = −1& cut it on a stone of this bridge.

In mathematics, quaternions are a non-commutative number system that extends the complex numbers. Quaternions and their applications to rotations were first described in print by Olinde Rodrigues in all but name in 1840, but independently discovered by Irish mathematician Sir William Rowan Hamilton in 1843 and applied to mechanics in three-dimensional space. They find uses in both theoretical and applied mathematics, in particular for calculations involving three-dimensional rotations.

Arthur Buchheim
Arthur Buchheim (1859-1888) was a British mathematician.

His father Carl Adolf Buchheim was professor of German language at King's College London. After attending the City of London School, Arthur Buchheim obtained an open scholarship at New College, Oxford, where he was the favorite student of Henry John Stephen Smith. He then studied at the University of Leipzig as a student of Felix Klein. Eventually, he became mathematical master at the Manchester Grammar School.

Buchheim wrote several papers of which some deal with universal algebra. For instance, his work on William Kingdon Clifford's biquaternions and Hermann Grassmann's exterior algebra which he applied to screw theory and non-Euclidean geometry, was cited by Alfred North Whitehead (1898),  as well as in Klein's encyclopedia by Élie Cartan (1908) and in more detail by Hermann Rothe (1916). He was also concerned with the matrix theory of Arthur Cayley and James Joseph Sylvester.
Ushwe Sing
Bir Bahadur Ushwe Sing is a Bangladesh Awami League politician. He is from Bandarban district and was elected as a member of parliament from Bandarban constituency for the 7th time in the 12th parliamentary election. He served as the minister of Chittagong Hill Tracts affairs from 2019 to 2024 and State Minister from 2014 to 2019. Following the fall of the Awami League government after the July uprising in 2024 and the dissolution of parliament by President Mohammad Shahabuddin, he lost his parliamentary seat.

Ministry of Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs
The Ministry of Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs (Bengali: পার্বত্য চট্টগ্রাম বিষয়ক মন্ত্রণালয়; Pārbatya caṭṭagrāma biṣaẏaka mantraṇālaẏa) is a ministry of the Government of Bangladesh responsible for coordinating development, administration, and governance in the Chittagong Hill Tracts region.

The Chittagong Hill Tracts have been inhabited by various ethnic groups and non-tribal people for ages. While the non-Bengali ethnic groups possess cultural distinctiveness, they are also an integral part of the original population. Since independence, the government of Bangladesh has been adopting and implementing various development projects for the overall development of the region. An agreement was executed on December 2, 1997 between the National Committee for Chittagong Hill Tracts and the Chittagong Hill Tracts People's Association. According to the terms of the agreement, the Ministry of Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs was formed on July 15, 1998.
Underworld (Symphony X album)
Underworld is the ninth studio album by American progressive metal band Symphony X. It was released on July 24, 2015 through Nuclear Blast, and released in Japan on August 24. The album's first single, "Nevermore", premiered on May 22, 2015, followed by the second single "Without You" on June 19. They were both officially released on July 22, 2015. The band's guitarist, founder and main songwriter, Michael Romeo, said he was against releasing separated tracks of the album, since it was written to be "a whole".

Nuclear Blast Records
Nuclear Blast Records is a German record label with subsidiaries in Germany, the United States and Brazil. It was founded in 1987 by Markus Staiger in Donzdorf. Originally releasing hardcore punk records, the label moved on to releasing albums by thrash metal, melodic death metal, grindcore, industrial metal, power metal and black metal bands, as well as tribute albums. It also distributes and promotes post-hardcore/metalcore labels SharpTone Records. Another post-hardcore/metalcore label, Arising Empire, was in Nuclear Blast's portfolio until its acquisition by Kontor New Media in 2020.

In October 2018, French independent label Believe Digital acquired a majority stake in Nuclear Blast.
Qala e Naw District
Qala-e-Naw, also Qalay-e-Naw or Qalanou (Dari: قلعه‌نو) is a district in the west of Badghis Province, Afghanistan. The majority of its population are Sunni Hazaras, with significant numbers of  Tajiks, Pashtuns, Balochs, Uzbeks, and Turkmens.

The district capital is Qala e Naw city, which is also the provincial capital. The district is known for its pistachio forests.

Uzbeks
The Uzbeks (Uzbek: Oʻzbeklar; Ўзбеклар; اۉزبېکلر‎) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, being the largest Turkic ethnic group in the area. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, next to Tajiks and Karakalpak minorities, and also form minority groups in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Russia, and China. Uzbek diaspora communities also exist in Turkey, Saudi Arabia, United States, Ukraine, Pakistan, and other countries.
Soldier Mountains
The Soldier Mountains are a mountain range in the U.S. state of Idaho, spanning northern Camas and eastern Elmore counties.  The highest point in the range is Smoky Dome at 10,095 feet (3,077 m), and the  range is bounded on the west and north by the South Fork Boise River.  The mountains are located within Sawtooth National Forest north of Fairfield, Idaho.  The Soldier Mountain Ski Area is located within the range to the east of Smoky Dome.

Iron Mountain near the western end of the Soldier Mountains has an old Forest Service fire lookout on its summit.  Several road and trails are located in the mountains, which provide for a variety of activities including hiking, off-road vehicle riding, fishing, and hunting.  Most of the peaks can be accessed relatively easily via class one or two routes.

Elmore County, Idaho
Elmore County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,666. The largest city and county seat is Mountain Home.

Elmore County comprises the Mountain Home, ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Boise-Mountain Home-Ontario, ID-OR Combined Statistical Area.
Lucius Julius Vehilius Gratus Julianus
Lucius Julius Vehilius Gratus Julianus was a soldier and an eques who held a number of military and civilian appointments during the reigns of Marcus Aurelius and his son Commodus. Julianus received honors two separate times for his military service.

His complete cursus honorum is known to us by an inscription from Rome. Although the dona militaria, or military decorations, appears in the last surviving lines of this inscription, the appointments appear to be listed in inverted chronological order: the latest appointments are listed first. The information on this stone is supplemented by other inscriptions as well as mentions in literary sources.

Equites
The equites (/ˈɛkwɪtiːz/; lit. 'horse'  or 'cavalrymen', though sometimes referred to as "knights" in English) constituted the second of the property/social-based classes of ancient Rome, ranking below the senatorial class. A member of the equestrian order was known as an eques (Latin: [ˈɛ.kʷɛs]).
Structured prediction
Structured prediction or structured output learning is an umbrella term for supervised machine learning techniques that involves predicting structured objects, rather than discrete or real values.

Similar to commonly used supervised learning techniques, structured prediction models are typically trained by means of observed data in which the predicted value is compared to the ground truth, and this is used to adjust the model parameters. Due to the complexity of the model and the interrelations of predicted variables, the processes of model training and inference are often computationally infeasible, so approximate inference and learning methods are used.

Hypernymy and hyponymy
Hypernymy and hyponymy are the semantic relations between a generic term (hypernym) and a more specific term (hyponym). The hypernym is also called a supertype, umbrella term, or blanket term. The hyponym names a subtype of the hypernym.  The semantic field of the hyponym is included within that of the hypernym. For example, "pigeon", "crow", and "hen" are all hyponyms of "bird" and "animal"; "bird" and "animal" are both hypernyms of "pigeon", "crow", and "hen".
Patent office
A patent office is a governmental or intergovernmental organization which controls the issue of patents. In other words, "patent offices are government bodies that may grant a patent or reject the patent application based on whether the application fulfils the requirements for patentability."

Patentability
Within the context of a national or multilateral body of law, an invention is patentable if it meets the relevant legal conditions to be granted a patent. By extension, patentability also refers to the substantive conditions that must be met for a patent to be held valid.
Ninaithu Ninaithu Parthen
Ninaithu Ninaithu Parthen (transl. I thought of you, then I saw you) is a 2007 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by Manikandan. The film stars Vikranth and Ashita, while Karunas and Roja appeared in other pivotal role. The film produced by Babu Raja, had music scored by Joshua Sridhar and told the story of an Indian student who falls in love with a Pakistani girl. The film was released on 18 May 2007.

Karthik Srinivasan
Karthik Srinivasan (/kɑːrθɪk sriːnɪvɑːsən/) is an Indian communications strategy consultant, music critic and blogger. He is the founder of the website ItwoFS, which tracks plagiarism in Indian film music, and Milliblog, where he reviews music albums.
Mallorca rail network
The Mallorca rail network consists of three separate electrified lines, which radiate north and east from Palma de Mallorca, the major city on the Spanish island of Mallorca.

Services on the main line and metro both originate/terminate at the Estació Intermodal/Plaça d'Espanya station (Palma Intermodal Station), which opened in 2007. This vast subterranean terminus is also served by the island's extensive inter-urban bus network.

Services on the tourist railway from Sóller terminate at the adjacent surface level station on Carrer Eusebi Estada.

Manacor
Manacor (Balearic Catalan: [mənəˈkɔ]) is a town and municipality on the island of Mallorca, part of the Spanish autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. It is the second-largest town in Mallorca, after the capital of Palma.  The municipality features tourist attractions such as Porto Cristo, site of the famous Caves of Drach, and Cales de Mallorca. Manacor has one of the busiest street markets on the island, held every Monday morning. Manacor is famous for high-quality wood furniture manufacturing and artificial pearls.
BELTRI
The BELTRI ("Balance Elevator-Lift for Tractioning Recumbent Individuals") is an apparatus designed for the mobilization of bedridden patients. It consists of a metallic structure with pulleys and ropes that uses a counterbalance to lift the weight of a patient without difficulty.

The BELTRI was first introduced in Austria in the 19th century by Dr. Carl Emmert, and is now used throughout the world by many nurses and physicians.

Traction (orthopedics)
Traction is a set of mechanisms for straightening broken bones or relieving pressure on the spine and skeletal system. There are two types of traction: skin traction and skeletal traction. They are used in orthopedic medicine.
Bekovo
Bekovo (Russian: Беково) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Bekovo, Penza Oblast, a work settlement in Bekovsky District of Penza Oblast

Rural localities

Bekovo, Kemerovo Oblast, a selo in Belovsky District of Kemerovo Oblast

Bekovo, Tyumen Oblast, a selo in Sladkovsky District of Tyumen Oblast

Bekovo, Leningrad Oblast, a village in Luzhsky District of Leningrad Oblast

Kemerovo Oblast
Kemerovo Oblast (Russian: Ке́меровская о́бласть, romanized: Kemerovskaya oblastʹ, Russian pronunciation: [ˈkʲemʲɪrəfskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]), also known as Kuzbass (Russian: Кузба́сс, Russian pronunciation: [kʊzˈbas]), after the Kuznetsk Basin, is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Kemerovo is the administrative center and largest city of the oblast. Kemerovo Oblast is one of Russia's most urbanized regions, with over 70% of the population living in its nine principal cities. Its ethnic composition is predominantly Russian, but native Shors and Kalmak Siberian Tatars also live in the oblast, along with Ukrainians, Volga Tatars, and Chuvash. The population recorded during the 2021 Census was 2,600,923.