hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hourglass (newspaper)
The Hourglass was a free monthly British newspaper, published by Extinction Rebellion (XR). It was launched in September 2019, with the strap-line "Rigorous Journalism for Fragile Times". 110,000 copies were printed of its first edition, and 143,000 of the second. The April and May 2020 issues were produced only in electronic format, following the COVID-19 lockdown, after which the paper ceased publication.

It was edited by environmental activist Zion Lights and included interviews with Margaret Atwood, Amanda Palmer and Neil Gaiman, Ray Mears, Michael Eavis, Christiana Figueres, Tom Rivett-Carnac, Maxine Peake, and Kevin Anderson. XR spokesperson Rupert Read was a regular columnist for the paper.

Former child actor Raphaël Coleman, later known as Iggy Fox, also wrote an exclusive article for the paper (which was reprinted on XR's website as "This is why I rebel" after Fox's death).

Ray Mears
Raymond Paul Mears (born 7 February 1964) is a British woodsman, instructor, businessman, author and TV presenter. His TV appearances cover bushcraft and survival techniques.

He is best known for the TV series Ray Mears' Bushcraft, Ray Mears' World of Survival, Extreme Survival, Survival with Ray Mears, Wild Britain with Ray Mears and Ray Mears Goes Walkabout.
Amanda Williams (artist)
Amanda Williams (born 1974) is a visual artist based in Bridgeport, Chicago. Williams grew up in Chicago's South Side and trained as an architect. Her work investigates color, race, and space  while blurring the conventional line between art and architecture. She has taught at the California College of the Arts in San Francisco, Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts at Washington University in St. Louis, Illinois Institute of Technology, and her alma mater Cornell University. Williams has lectured at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New Museum, School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and at a TED conference.

Venice Biennale of Architecture
The Venice Biennale of Architecture (Italian: Mostra di Architettura di Venezia) is an international exhibition showcasing architectural works from around the world, held in Venice, Italy, every other year.

Originally held in even-numbered years until 2018, the event was postponed in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and rescheduled for 2021, shifting the calendar to odd-numbered years. It forms the architecture section of the broader Venice Biennale and was officially established in 1980, although architecture had been included in the Venice Art Biennale since 1968.

The Biennale is divided into two main sections: the permanent national pavilions located in the Giardini della Biennale, and the Arsenale, which hosts projects from numerous countries under one roof.
1994–95 EHF Women's Cup Winners' Cup
The 1994–95 EHF Women's Cup Winners' Cup was the 19th edition of EHF's competition for women's handball national cup champions. It ran from October 7, 1994, to May 6, 1995. The Preliminary round was expanded to a Round of 32, with Belarus and Georgia debuting in the competition.

In a second straight German-Hungarian final, Dunaferr Dunaújváros defeated 1993 champion TV Lützellinden to win its first European trophy, becoming the third Cup Winners' Cup champion from Hungary and ending a streak of five lost finals by Hungarian teams in the competition since 1981.

Dunaújvárosi Kohász KA
Dunaújvárosi Kohász KA or DKKA (in English: Dunaújvárosi Kohász Handball Academy), formerly known as Dunaferr, is a Hungarian professional women's handball club from Dunaújváros, that plays in the  Nemzeti Bajnokság I.
Emma Humphreys
Emma Clare Humphreys (30 October 1967 – 11 July 1998) was a Welsh woman who was imprisoned in England in December 1985 at Her Majesty's pleasure, after being convicted of the murder of her violent 33-year-old boyfriend and pimp, Trevor Armitage.

Aged 17 when convicted, Humphreys spent a decade in prison before winning an appeal against the conviction, on 7 July 1995, on the grounds of long-term provocation. The Court of Appeal reduced the conviction to manslaughter, and she was released immediately. The success of the appeal was significant because it supported the argument that courts should take long-term issues such as "battered woman syndrome" into account when considering a defence of provocation. Humphreys was assisted in her defence by Justice for Women, a feminist law-reform group founded in 1991 by Julie Bindel and Harriet Wistrich.

Three years after her release, Humphreys died, aged 30, of an accidental overdose of prescription drugs at her flat in Holloway, North London.

Holloway, London
Holloway is an area of North London in the borough of Islington, 3.3 miles (5.3 km) north of Charing Cross, which follows the line of the Holloway Road (A1). At the centre of Holloway is the Nag's Head commercial area which sits between the more residential Upper Holloway and Lower Holloway neighbourhoods. Holloway has a multicultural population and includes the Emirates Stadium, home of Arsenal F.C. Until 2016, it was the site of Holloway Prison, the largest women's prison in Europe. Before 1965, it was in the historic county of Middlesex.
Sentetsu Purero-class locomotives
The Purero-class (プレロ) locomotives were a group of steam tank locomotives with 2-6-2 wheel arrangement of used by the Chosen Government Railway (Sentetsu) in Korea. The "Pure" name came from the American naming system for steam locomotives, under which locomotives with 2-6-2 wheel arrangement were called "Prairie".

In all, Sentetsu owned 227 locomotives of all Pure classes, whilst privately owned railways owned another 52; of these 279 locomotives, 169 went to the Korean National Railroad in South Korea and 110 to the Korean State Railway in North Korea.

Whyte notation
The Whyte notation is a classification method for steam locomotives, and some internal combustion locomotives and electric locomotives, by wheel arrangement. It was devised by Frederick Methvan Whyte, and came into use in the early twentieth century following a December 1900 editorial in American Engineer and Railroad Journal.

The notation was adopted and remains in use in North America and the United Kingdom to describe the wheel arrangements of steam locomotives, but for modern locomotives, multiple units and trams it has been supplanted by the UIC system in Europe and by the AAR system (essentially a simplification of the UIC system) in North America. However, geared steam locomotives do not use the notation. They are classified by their model and their number of trucks.
Bacidina ferax
Bacidina ferax is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. It is characterised by its abundant apothecia and unique habitat preferences. It is typically found in seasonally flooded zones along lakes and rivers in central and northern Sweden, as well as in Finland and Russia. This lichen is often confused with other species like Bacidina inundata and Bacidina chloroticula, but can be distinguished by its specific morphological and chemical characteristics.

Isabelline (colour)
Isabelline (/ˌɪzəˈbɛlɪn/ IZ-ə-BEL-in), also known as isabella, is a pale grey-yellow, pale fawn, pale cream-brown or parchment colour. It is primarily found in animal coat colouring, particularly plumage colour in birds and, in Europe, in horses. It also has historically been applied to fashion. The first known record of the word was in 1600 as "isabella colour"; this use later became interchangeable in literature with "isabelline" after the latter was introduced into print in 1859. The origin of the word is unclear; the uncertainty prompted by this has generated several attempts to provide an etymology and led to one prominent legend.
Sitompul
Sitompul is one of Toba Batak clans originating in North Sumatra, Indonesia. People of this clan bear the clan's name as their surname.

Hotma Sitompul (1956-2025), Indonesian lawyer

Mananti Sitompul (1909-1980), Indonesian politician

Manahan Sitompul (born 1953), Indonesian judge

Ratna Sitompul (born 1961), Indonesian ophthalmologist, academic, and university administrator

Ruhut Sitompul (born 1954), Indonesian lawyer, politician, and actor

Ratna Sitompul
Ratna Sitompul (born 6 February 1961) is an Indonesian ophthalmologist, academic, and university administrator. She served as the dean of the medicine faculty of the University of Indonesia from 2008 until 2017.
Ben Stanley Omondi
Ben Stanley Omondi  (born 24 Sep 2004) is a Kenyan professional footballer who plays as a forward for Kenyan Premier League side Gor Mahia and Kenya.

He formerly turned out for Kenyan second-tier side Migori Youth, Kenyan Premier League sides Muhoroni Youth, Ulinzi Stars and Kakamega Homeboyz before joining Gor Mahia.

He was part of the Kenyan squad that featured in the 2024 African Nations Championship held across East Africa in August 2025.

Kakamega Homeboyz F.C.
Kakamega Homeboyz Football Club is a football club from Kakamega, Kenya. They currently play in the Premier League.

In 2013, the club was promoted to the Kenyan Premier League from FKF Division One during the 2012 season.
Pterostylis splendens
Pterostylis splendens is a species of orchid endemic to New Caledonia. It was first formally described in 1998 by David Jones and Mark Alwin Clements from a specimen cultivated at the Australian National Botanic Gardens from material collected in New Caledonia. The description was published in The Orchadian. This greenhood orchid is found in damp forest and maquis on ultramafic soils at altitudes of 700 to 1,300 m (2,000 to 4,000 ft).

Maquis shrubland
Maquis (UK: /mæˈkiː/ ma-KEE, US: /mɑːˈkiː/ mah-KEE, French: [maki]) or macchia (/ˈmɑːkiə/ MAH-kee-ə, Italian: [ˈmakkja]; often macchia mediterranea in Italian; Corsican: machja, pronounced [ˈmaca]; Croatian: makija; Occitan: maquís; Catalan: màquia) is a savanna-like shrubland biome in the Mediterranean region, typically consisting of densely growing evergreen shrubs.

Maquis is characterized by plants of the family Lamiaceae, genera Laurus and Myrtus, and species Olea europaea, Ceratonia siliqua, and Ficus carica. It is similar to garrigue.
WDNJ
WDNJ (88.1 MHz) is a Spanish language Christian radio station licensed to Hopatcong, New Jersey. It serves Sussex and Morris County, New Jersey. WDNJ is also carried on WMBC-TV's digital subchannel 63.8. WDNJ's offices and studios are co-shared with WMBC-TV in West Caldwell, New Jersey and its  transmitter is located in Jefferson Township, New Jersey.

Digital subchannel
In broadcasting, digital subchannels are a method of transmitting more than one independent program stream simultaneously from the same digital radio or television station on the same radio frequency channel. This is done by using data compression techniques to reduce the size of each individual program stream, and multiplexing to combine them into a single signal. The practice is sometimes called "multicasting".
Tryella wuggubun
Tryella wuggubun is a species of cicada, also known as the Kimberley bullet, in the true cicada family, Cicadettinae subfamily and Lamotialnini tribe. The species is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2022 by Australian entomologists David L. Emery, Nathan J. Emery, Paul M. Hutchinson and Simon Ong.

Cicadidae
Cicadidae, the true cicadas, is one of two families of cicadas, with about 3,400 species in over 520 genera worldwide; it contains most living cicada species, except for the two belonging to its sister taxon, the Tettigarctidae.  The classification of this family, of often very similar insects, has undergone many revisions, continuing into the 21st century; for example, many species previously assigned to the type genus Cicada, are now placed in different tribes.
Chak Chak, Yazd
Chak Chak or Chek Chek (Persian: چک‌چک, lit. 'Drip-Drip'), also called Chāhak-e Ardakān (چاهکِ اردکان, lit. 'Well of Ardakan') or Pīr-e Sabz (پیر سبز, lit. 'The Green Pir'), is a location in the Yazd province of Iran. Located near the city of Ardakan, its existence was noted in the 2006 Iranian census.

The site consists of a "pir" (a pilgrimage site for Zoroastrians) perched beneath a towering cliff face in the desert of central Iran. It is the most sacred of the mountain shrines of Zoroastrianism, which was formerly the majority and official religion of the Iranian nation. Each year, from 14 to 18 June, thousands of Zoroastrians from Iran and India, among other countries, flock to the site's fire temple.

Yazd province
Yazd province (Persian: استان یزد) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran and is in the center of the country. Its capital is the city of Yazd. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5. The province has an area of 76,469 km2.
Smith, Kentucky
Smith is an unincorporated community in Harlan County, Kentucky, United States. The community lies along Kentucky Route 987 and the Martin's Fork of the Cumberland River. Smith is also home to Martins Fork Lake. The lake was constructed by the US Army Corps of Engineers as part of several flood control projects along the Cumberland River. The dam was complete and functional in November 1978. Until the early 1970s the community was served by Smith Elementary School. When plans were being made for construction to Martins Fork Lake, the school was closed and students were sent to nearby Cawood Elementary. The community post office was closed in the early 1990s. The community today is served by four churches: Pace Chapel, New Riverside Baptist Church, Full-Gospel Pentecostal Church and Faith-Holiness Church.

Cumberland River
The Cumberland River is a major waterway of the Southern United States. The 688-mile-long (1,107 km) river drains almost 18,000 square miles (47,000 km2) of southern Kentucky and north-central Tennessee. The river flows generally west from a source in the Appalachian Mountains to its confluence with the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky, and the mouth of the Tennessee River. Major tributaries include the Obey, Caney Fork, Stones, and Red Rivers.

Although the Cumberland River basin is predominantly rural, there are also some large cities on the river, including Nashville and Clarksville, both in Tennessee.

The river system has been extensively altered for flood control. Major dams impound areas of both the main stem and many of its important tributaries.
Bruce Kennedy (television producer)
Bruce Kennedy (born October 23, 1970) is an American television producer, screenwriter, and director. He has won a News & Documentary Emmy Award and been nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award.

Kennedy specializes in transforming complicated concepts into entertaining narratives and collaborating with top talent to produce focused and riveting stories. His television credits range across several formats and networks, from historical and nature documentaries to true crime series to live events.

Nature documentary
A nature documentary or wildlife documentary is a genre of documentary film or series about animals, plants, or other non-human living creatures. Nature documentaries usually concentrate on video taken in the subject's natural habitat, but often including footage of trained and captive animals, too. Sometimes they are about wildlife or ecosystems in relationship to human beings. Such programmes are most frequently made for television, particularly for public broadcasting channels, but some are also made for the cinema. The proliferation of this genre occurred almost simultaneously alongside the production of similar television series which is distributed across the world.
Krishnarjuna
Krishnarjuna is a 2008 Indian fantasy comedy film produced by M.Mohan Babu on his Sri Lakshmi Prasanna Pictures banner and directed by P. Vasu, starring Nagarjuna Akkineni, Manchu Vishnu, and Mamta Mohandas. The music was composed by M. M. Keeravani. In the film, when Baba, an astrologer, claims that Satya's first husband will be killed, her brother, Pedababu, plans to get her married to the ill-treated orphan, Arjun. However, Lord Krishna comes to Arjun's rescue. The film is based on Bruce Almighty.

The film was a box-office failure.

P. Vasu
Vasudevan Peethambaram (born 15 September 1954), known professionally as P. Vasu, is an Indian film director, screenwriter and actor who works predominantly in Tamil and Kannada films, apart from a few Telugu, Hindi, and Malayalam language films. In a career spanning three decades, Vasu has directed over 65 films to his credit.
Ayo Akinola
Ayomide Bamidele AkinolaListenⓘ (born January 20, 2000) is a professional soccer player who plays as a forward for Swiss Challenge League club Vaduz. Born in the United States, he has represented the Canada national team.

2018 CONCACAF U-20 Championship
The 2018 CONCACAF Under-20 Championship was the 6th edition of the CONCACAF Under-20 Championship (27th edition if all eras included), the men's under-20 international football tournament organized by CONCACAF. It was hosted at United States between 1 – 21 November 2018.

A new format was announced, removing the regional Central American and Caribbean qualifiers and guaranteeing each entrant a minimum of four competitive games.

The competition would determine the four CONCACAF representatives at the 2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Poland, The United States, Mexico, Panama and Honduras qualified. It would also determine the CONCACAF teams playing at the 2019 Pan American Games men's football tournament in Lima, Peru.

The United States were the defending champions of the competition. They successfully defended their title as hosts, winning the final 2–0 against Mexico for their 2nd CONCACAF U-20 Championship title.
Clark Public School District
The Clark Public School District is a comprehensive community public school district that serves students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from Clark, in Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Students from Garwood, attend the district's high school as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Garwood Public Schools.

As of the 2019–20 school year, the district, comprising five schools, had an enrollment of 2,299 students and 184.7 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.4:1.

The district is classified by the New Jersey Department of Education as being in District Factor Group "FG", the fourth-highest of eight groupings. District Factor Groups organize districts statewide to allow comparison by common socioeconomic characteristics of the local districts. From lowest socioeconomic status to highest, the categories are A, B, CD, DE, FG, GH, I and J.

Pre-kindergarten
Pre-kindergarten (also called pre-K or PK) is a voluntary classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when kindergarten starts). It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
Heathfield (surname)
Heathfield is an English surname. Notable people with this surname include the following:

Adrian Heathfield, English writer, son of Peter and Betty

Betty Heathfield (1927–2006), English left-wing activist, wife of Peter

Donald Heathfield, KGB agent

Peter Heathfield (1929–2010), English trade unionist, husband of Betty

Simon Heathfield (born 1967), British Anglican priest

Tom Heathfield, British cricketer

Donald Heathfield and Tracey Foley
Andrey Bezrukov (Russian: Андрей Безруков), often referred to by the cover name Donald Heathfield, and Elena Stanislavovna Vavilova (Russian: Елена Вавилова), often referred to by the cover name Tracey Foley, were former KGB sleeper agents in the United States. Both had participated in the Illegals Program and were arrested in 2010. They were returned to Russia that year.
Amarna Miller
Amarna Miller (born 29 October 1990) is a Spanish YouTuber and former pornographic film actress, producer, director, and writer.

Miller, whose stage name comes from an extensive ancient Egyptian archaeological site Amarna and the American novelist, short story writer and essayist Henry Miller, graduated in fine arts from the European University of Madrid.

Henry Miller
Henry Valentine Miller (December 26, 1891 – June 7, 1980) was an American novelist, short story writer and essayist. He broke with existing literary forms and developed a new type of semi-autobiographical novel that blends character study, social criticism, philosophical reflection, stream of consciousness, explicit language, sex, surrealist free association, and mysticism. His most characteristic works of this kind are Tropic of Cancer, Black Spring, Tropic of Capricorn, and the trilogy The Rosy Crucifixion, which are based on his experiences in New York City and Paris, and all of which were banned in the United States until 1961. He also wrote travel memoirs and literary criticism and painted watercolors.
Kawęczyn, Skierniewice County
Kawęczyn [kaˈvɛnt͡ʂɨn] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Godzianów, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) west of Godzianów, 11 km (7 mi) south-west of Skierniewice, and 40 km (25 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Skierniewice
Skierniewice (Polish pronunciation: [skʲɛrɲɛˈvʲit͡sɛ]) is a city in central Poland with 45,184 inhabitants (2023), situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Skierniewice County. Through the town runs the small river Łupia, also called Skierniewka.

Located in the historic region of Masovia, Skierniewice dates back to the medieval period. It prospered as a local trade center with annual fairs and engaged in domestic and international trade. In the 17th and 18th centuries it hosted the residence of the Primates of Poland, and was home of leading Polish Enlightenment poet Ignacy Krasicki. Skierniewice is known as the "Polish Capital of Horticultural Sciences" with local tradition of horticultural studies dating back to 1922. It hosts the annual Skierniewice Festival of Flowers, Fruits and Vegetables.

It is a railway junction, located on the main railway line almost exactly halfway between the two largest cities of central Poland, Łódź and Warsaw.
Kerttula
Kerttula is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Beth Kerttula (born 1956), American politician

Eevert Kerttula (1894–1962), Finnish gymnast

Erkki Kerttula (1909–1989), Finnish fencer

Jay Kerttula (1928–2020), American businessman and politician

Erkki Kerttula
Erkki Kerttula (5 November 1909 – 4 November 1989) was a Finnish fencer. He competed at the 1948 and 1952 Summer Olympics.

Kerttula and Rolf Wiik were considered Finland's two best Olympic fencers; Kerttula was noted in an article in Yle as having said that "he would have easily won the gold [at the 1952 Olympics]. However, he had gone to take a nap before the last matches, and he was remembered to be woken up only a few minutes before the start of the matches."
Grinde, Rogaland
Grinde is a village in Tysvær Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The village is located at the western end of the Grindafjorden, a couple of kilometers east of the villages Aksdal and Førre. Grinde lies along the European route E39-European route E134 highway.

The 0.6-square-kilometre (150-acre) village has a population (2025) of 946 and a population density of 1,577 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,080/sq mi).

European route E134
European route E134 (Norwegian: Europavei 134) is a European highway that crosses Norway starting at Haugesund Airport, Karmøy near the city of Haugesund on the west coast, heading over Haukeli, passing the city of Drammen, and ending in Vassum on the east side of the Oslofjord Tunnel.

With the highest point at 1,085 metres (3,560 ft) above sea level, the road is sensitive to snow conditions and foul weather during the winter season, during which the mountainous sections, especially near Haukelifjell skiing center, may be closed in short periods. The stretch of road through the mountains is called Haukelifjell.