hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Royal Palace of Caserta
The Royal Palace of Caserta (Italian: Reggia di Caserta [ˈrɛddʒa di kaˈzɛrta, - kaˈsɛrta]; Neapolitan: Reggia 'e Caserta [ˈrɛdːʒ(ə) e kaˈsertə]) is a former royal residence in Caserta, Campania, 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Naples in southern Italy, constructed by the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies as their main residence as kings of Naples. The complex is the largest palace erected in Europe during the 18th century. In 1997, the palace was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site; its nomination described it as "the swan song of the spectacular art of the Baroque, from which it adopted all the features needed to create the illusions of multidirectional space". The Royal Palace of Caserta is the largest former royal residence in the world, over 2 million m3 in volume covering an area of 47,000 m2 and a floorspace of 138,000 square metres distributed across five floors.

Square metre
The square metre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures) or square meter (American spelling) is the unit of area in the International System of Units (SI) with symbol m2. It is the area of a square with sides one metre in length.

Adding and subtracting SI prefixes creates multiples and submultiples; however, as the unit is exponentiated, the quantities grow exponentially by the corresponding power of 10. For example, 1 kilometre is 103 (one thousand) times the length of 1 metre, but 1 square kilometre is (103)2 (106, one million) times the area of 1 square metre, and 1 cubic kilometre is (103)3 (109, one billion) cubic metres.

Its inverse is the reciprocal square metre (m−2), often called "per square metre".
Refugee Radio
Refugee Radio is a charity registered in England.

The organisation broadcasts a radio programme in partnership with Radio Reverb, a local radio station in the South East. The programme is syndicated on various internet radio stations and is based on the long-running BBC Radio 4 programme, Desert Island Discs. Instead of interviewing celebrities however, it features refugee “castaways” and plays the music they brought with them to the UK. The project also contributes to the Refugee Week internet radio broadcasts and the International Migrants Day broadcast.

Their adviser is Alexis Condon, a former Deputy Editor of the Today Programme.

International Migrants Day
On 18 December 1990, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted a resolution on the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families.

Each year on 18 December, the United Nations, through the UN-related agency International Organization for Migration (IOM), uses International Migrants Day to highlight the contributions made by the roughly 272 million migrants, including more than 41 million internally displaced persons, and the challenges they face.

This global event, supported by events organized by IOM's nearly 500 country offices and sub-offices as well as governmental, international and domestic civil society partners examines a wide range of migration themes, Social Cohesion, Dignity, Exploitation, Solidarity to advocate for migration guided by the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society.
Sveifluháls
Sveifluháls (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈsveiplʏˌhauls]) is a mafic hyaloclastite ridge of 397 m height in the southwest of Iceland in Gullbringusýsla (Reykjanes Peninsula). It is part of Krýsuvík volcanic system and of the protected area Reykjanes Fólkvangur.

Phreatomagmatic eruption
Phreatomagmatic eruptions are volcanic eruptions resulting from interaction between magma and water. They differ from exclusively magmatic eruptions and phreatic eruptions. Unlike phreatic eruptions, the products of phreatomagmatic eruptions contain juvenile (magmatic) clasts. It is common for a large explosive eruption to have magmatic and phreatomagmatic components.
Inger Vandyke
Inger Vandyke is an Australian wildlife photojournalist, explorer, and global expedition leader. She has photographed rare snow leopards in the wild. She was honoured in 2013 as an International Member of the Explorer's Club for her work in documenting the vanishing culture of Tibet.

The Explorers Club
The Explorers Club is an American-based international multidisciplinary professional society with the goal of promoting scientific exploration and field study. The club was founded in New York City in 1904 and has served as a meeting point for explorers and scientists worldwide.

The Explorers Club hosts an annual dinner to honor accomplishments in exploration, which is known for its adventurous, exotic cuisine.

In 2023, the club reported total revenue of $5,352,688 and total assets of $17,108,895. In 2023 it also reported total giving of $750,479.
Brezivaptan
Brezivaptan (developmental code names ANC-501, THY-1773, TS-121) is an orally active, selective vasopressin V1B receptor antagonist which is under development by Taisho Pharmaceutical for the adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder. As of November 2022, it is in phase II clinical trials for this indication.

Oral administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications.

Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.  However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow.
Barkarbystaden metro station
Barkarbystaden is a station on the Blue Line of the Stockholm metro, located in the Järfälla Municipality, Stockholm County. It is part of the extension from Akalla to Barkarby station, which includes two new stations. The station is situated in the emerging city center of Barkarbystaden, a district being developed on the site of a former airport.

Blue line (Stockholm Metro)
The Blue line (Swedish: Blå linjen; officially Metro 3, but called Tub 3 ("Tube 3", or abbreviation for "Tunnelbana 3") internally) is one of the three Stockholm Metro lines. It is 25.5 kilometres (15.8 miles) long, and runs from Kungsträdgården via T-Centralen to Västra skogen where it branches in two, and continues to Hjulsta and Akalla as lines 10 and 11 respectively.
1,1-Difluoroethane
1,1-Difluoroethane, or DFE, is an organofluorine compound with the chemical formula C2H4F2. This colorless gas is used as a refrigerant, where it is often listed as R-152a (refrigerant-152a) or HFC-152a (hydrofluorocarbon-152a). It is also used as a propellant for aerosol sprays and in gas duster products. As an alternative to chlorofluorocarbons, it has a global warming potential of 120-140, lower than other hydrofluorocarbons, and a shorter atmospheric lifetime (1.4 years).

Gas
Gas is a state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape. It is a compressible form of fluid, in contrast to a liquid. A pure gas consists of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), or molecules (e.g. oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide). Pure gases can also be mixed together such as in the air. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation can make some gases invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention.
High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.
Lac qui Parle County Courthouse
The Lac qui Parle County Courthouse, located at 600 6th Street in Madison, Lac qui Parle County in the U.S. state of Minnesota is a Richardsonian Romanesque style building featuring a high central tower, built in 1899 at a cost of $30,689.

Architects Buechner and Jacobson designed it and Olaf Swenson of Saint Paul built it.

The foundation is of river boulders; the outside walls are red brick with sandstone accents. The interior features oak cabinetry, stairways, doors, and paneling.  Floors are hardwood, except for the quarry tile in the hallways and marble treads on the stairs.

Madison, Minnesota
Madison is a city in and the county seat of Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota, United States, along the 45th parallel. The population was 1,518 at the 2020 census. It proclaims itself to be the "lutefisk capital of the USA."
1997 Birthday Honours
The 1997 Birthday Honours were announced on 14 June 1997 for the United Kingdom and on 2 June 1997 for New Zealand. Queen's Birthday Honours are announced on or around the date of the Monarch's Official Birthday in the United Kingdom and some Commonwealth countries. The dates vary, both from year to year and from country to country. All are published in supplements to the London Gazette and many are conferred by the monarch (or her representative) some time after the date of the announcement, particularly for those service people on active duty.

Recipients of honours are shown below as they were styled before their new honour.

Scottish Office
The Scottish Office was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom from 1885 until 1999, exercising a wide range of government functions in relation to Scotland under the control of the Secretary of State for Scotland. Following the establishment of the Scottish Parliament in 1999, most of its work was transferred to the newly established Scottish Executive (now the Scottish Government), with a small residue of functions retained by the Scotland Office.
Green ubatuba
Green ubatuba (Port. verde ubatuba) is the commercial name of a Brazilian charnockite, although it is often sold as a granite. It comes from the Ubatuba area of Brazil, where it forms part of the Neoproterozoic Ribeira Belt. As its name indicates, it is green in color, dark green and almost a black appearance when seen in low light. It contains large (10 cm) phenocrysts of alkali feldspar. It is widely used in home renovations and landscaping.

Feldspar
Feldspar (/ˈfɛl(d).ˌspɑːr/ FEL(D)-spar; sometimes spelled felspar) is a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium. The most common members of the feldspar group are the plagioclase (sodium-calcium) feldspars and the alkali (potassium-sodium) feldspars. Feldspars make up about 60% of the Earth's crust and 41% of the Earth's continental crust by weight.

Feldspars crystallize from magma as both intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks and are also present in many types of metamorphic rock. Rock formed almost entirely of calcic plagioclase feldspar is known as anorthosite. Feldspars are also found in many types of sedimentary rocks.
Adwa Zero KM Project
Adwa Zero KM Project, also called Adwa 00KM Project, was a megaproject in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, started in 2019. Named after the Ethiopian victory at the battle of Adwa in 1896, the project hosts a multipurpose facility, including a meeting hall, amphitheater, libraries, and youth centers. The Chinese firm Jiangsu was awarded a bid for construction with 45,000 square kilometers of land in the place of Piassa. On 10 February 2024, the project was completed.

Megaproject
A megaproject is an extremely large-scale  investment project.
A more general definition is "Megaprojects are temporary endeavours (i.e. projects) characterised by: large investment commitment, vast complexity (especially in organisational terms), and long-lasting impact on the economy, the environment, and society".
Megaprojects may refer  to construction projects but also decommissioning projects with multi-billion budgets, and a high level of innovation and complexity, affected by a number of techno-socio-economic and organizational challenges.
Babiana gariepensis
Babiana gariepensis is a species of geophytic, perennial flowering plant in the family Iridaceae. It is part of the fynbos and Succulent Karoo. The species is native to the Northern Cape and Namibia. It occurs in the Richtersveld, from the southwestern part of Namibia, across the Orange River to Steinkopf.

Iridaceae
Iridaceae (/ɪrɪˈdeɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family of plants in order Asparagales, taking its name from the irises. It has a nearly global distribution, with 69 accepted genera with a total of about 2500 species. It includes a number of economically important cultivated plants, such as species of Freesia, Gladiolus, and Crocus, as well as the crop saffron.

Members of this family are perennial plants, with a bulb, corm or rhizome.  The plants grow erect, and have leaves that are generally grass-like, with a sharp central fold. Some examples of members of this family are the blue flag and yellow flag.
Water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's tournament of water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics at Tokyo, Japan was played from 24 July to 7 August 2021 at the Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center. It was the sixth appearance of the women's tournament, which had been held consecutively since 2000 and also was the first time on history that the tournament had 10 teams competing.

On 24 March 2020, the Olympics were postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Because of the pandemic, the games were played behind closed doors.

The United States won their third consecutive and overall gold medal after a finals win over Spain, while Hungary captured the bronze medal, beating defending bronze medalists Russia.

The medals for the competition were presented by Samira Asghari, Afghanistan; IOC Member, and the medalists' bouquets were presented by Dale Neuburger, United States; FINA Treasurer.

Behind closed doors (sport)
The term "behind closed doors" is used in several sports to describe matches played where spectators are not allowed in the stadium or venue to watch. A match played in this manner is also referred to as a crowdless game. Because ticket sales generally constitute a substantial proportion of total revenues in most professional sports as well as in certain elite competitions of many amateur sports, it is rare for such games to be off limits to paying members of the general public. When such instances do occur, it is usually for reasons outside the participating teams' control. These may include as a punishment or remedy for a participating team, stadium safety problems, preventing potentially dangerous clashes between rival supporters, wider safety concerns like a riot or other civil disturbances, or public health concerns like the COVID-19 pandemic.
Annett's key
In British, Australian, French, and Swiss railway signalling, an Annett's key is a form of trapped-key interlocking that locks levers or other items of signalling apparatus, thereby serving as a portable form of interlocking. The purpose is to prevent access from  sidings to the running line without authority. When not in use, the key is normally held in an Annett's lock that is fixed to the lever or concerned apparatus.

Lever frame
Mechanical railway signalling installations rely on lever frames for their operation to interlock the signals, track locks and points to allow the safe operation of trains in the area the signals control. Usually located in the signal box, the levers are operated either by the signalman or the pointsman.

The world's largest lever frame is believed to have been in the Spencer Street No.1 signal box in Melbourne, Australia, which had 191 levers, but was decommissioned in 2008. The largest, currently operational, lever frame is located at Severn Bridge Junction in Shrewsbury, England, and has 180 levers; although most of them have now been taken out of use.
Abutilon grandifolium
Abutilon grandifolium, the hairy Indian mallow, is a large shrub that is up to 3 m (9.8 ft) high with broad, 3–18 cm (1.2–7.1 in) leaf blades. Flowers are axillary, with a yellow corolla 2–3.5 cm (0.8–1.4 in) across, composed of petals 1–1.5 cm (0.4–0.6 in) long. The fruits are ovoid-globular schizocarps that are 1–1.5 cm (0.4–0.6 in) in diameter and composed of ten shortly beaked mericarps, containing 2-3 seeds each.

A. grandifolium can be distinguished from A. theophrasti by long, simple hairs on the stem rather than stellate hairs.

Schizocarp
A schizocarp /ˈskɪzəkɑːrp/ is a dry fruit that, when mature, splits up into mericarps.

There are different definitions:

Any dry fruit composed of multiple carpels that separate.

Under this definition the mericarps can contain one or more seeds (the mericarps of Abutilon have two or more seeds) and each mericarp can be either:
Indehiscent (remaining closed), such as in the carrot and other Umbelliferae or in members of the genus Malva, or
Dehiscent (splitting open to release the seed), for example members of the genus Geranium. This is similar to what happens with a capsule, but with an extra stage. (In Abutilon, the mericarp is sometimes only partially dehiscent and does not release the seed.)

Any fruit that separates into indehiscent one-seeded segments, such as a loment, Malva, Malvastrum, and Sida.

Schizocarps of Heracleum sphondylium in early development

Schizocarps of Heracleum sphondylium in mid to late development
Banjo Matthews
Edwin Keith "Banjo" Matthews (February 14, 1932 – October 2, 1996) was an American NASCAR driver, car owner, and builder. As a driver, he had 13 top-ten finishes in 51 starts. He was the car builder for the 1976 to 1978 NASCAR Cup Series champions.

Motorsports Hall of Fame of America
The Motorsports Hall of Fame of America (MSHFA) is a hall of fame that honors motorsports competitors and contributors from the United States from all disciplines, with categories for Open Wheel, Stock Cars, Powerboats, Drag Racing, Motorcycles, Sports Cars, Aviation, at Large, Off-Road and Historic. Periodic recognition is given to specialty categories including Speed Records, Business and Technology. Its annual Induction Ceremony is attended by notables throughout the motorsports community and is reported on widely.
John Mahlon Marlin
John Mahlon Marlin (May 6, 1836 – July 1, 1901) was an American firearms manufacturer and inventor.

Marlin was born in Boston Neck, near Windsor Locks, Hartford County, Connecticut, as the son of Mahlon Marlin and Jennette Bradford.

He worked at the Colt plant in Hartford during the American Civil War. Starting in 1863, he made pistols in New Haven, Connecticut, expanding into manufacturing pistols and then different types of firearms by 1872, then called Marlin Fire Arms Company, today Marlin Firearms.

Initially only producing single-shot firearms, his company started manufacturing lever-action repeating rifles in 1881.

Marlin married Martha Susan nee Moore on May 27, 1862, in Windsor Locks. They had four children, two of whom died young. Their sons, Mahlon Henry and John Howard, took over the company after their father's death in 1901.

Hartford County, Connecticut
Hartford County is a county located in the north central part of the U.S. state of Connecticut. According to the 2020 census, the population was 899,498, making it the second-most populous county in Connecticut. Hartford County contains the city of Hartford, the state capital of Connecticut and the county's most populous city, with 121,054 residents at the 2020 census. Hartford County is included in the Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown metropolitan statistical area.

On June 6, 2022, the U.S. Census Bureau formally recognized Connecticut's nine councils of governments as county equivalents instead of the state's eight counties. Connecticut's county governments were disbanded in 1960, and the councils of governments took over some of the local governmental functions. Connecticut's eight historical counties continue to exist in name only, and are no longer considered for statistical purposes.
E (Enslaved album)
E is the fourteenth studio album by Norwegian extreme metal band Enslaved. It was released on October 13, 2017 by Nuclear Blast.

This is the first album recorded without longtime keyboardist and vocalist Herbrand Larsen since 2004, who left the band in late 2016 and was replaced by  Håkon Vinje in 2017. This would also be the last album with Cato Bekkevold on drums before he quit in 2018.

It was given Norway's 2017 Spellemann Award for best metal album of the year.

Herbrand Larsen
Herbrand Larsen (born February 3, 1973) is a Norwegian musician, record producer, mixer and engineer. He is best known for being a member of extreme metal band Enslaved from 2004 to 2016, and hard rock band Audrey Horne from 2002 to 2007. Larsen works primarily with acts in the metal and rock genres, including Immortal, Gorgoroth, Taake, Demonaz, Abbath and Gaahl, but has also collaborated with artists in the folk, ambient and pop genres, such as Wardruna, Lindy-Fay Hella, Michelle Ullestad and Hjerteslag.

Larsen has won five Norwegian Spellemann Awards: four with Enslaved and one with Audrey Horne. He owns and runs Conclave & Earshot Studio in Bergen together with former-Enslaved bandmate Arve Isdal. In addition to producing music, Larsen also works as a teacher in music production at Noroff.
Little Bit of Snow
"Little Bit Of Snow" was a 1987 single taken from British singer-songwriter Howard Jones' third studio album, One To One. No video was made to promote the single, which reached number 70 in the UK Singles Chart. The song was not released as a single in the US

Jones donated the song to the 1986 Anti-Heroin Project charity album, It's a Live-In World.  The use of the word snow in the lyrics referred to cocaine. It was the first of Jones' singles to be released on cassette. While not a huge success in the UK sales charts the track did reach number 30 in Ireland. The 12" contains two orchestral versions of Hide and Seek and Hunger for the Flesh, which were recorded at Abbey Road studios.

Howard Jones (British musician)
John Howard Jones (born 23 February 1955) is an English singer, musician and songwriter. He had ten top 40 hit singles on the UK singles chart between 1983 and 1986, six of which reached the top ten, including "Like to Get to Know You Well", "What Is Love?", "New Song", and "Things Can Only Get Better". His debut studio album Human's Lib (1984) reached number one on the UK Albums Chart. Around the world, Jones had 15 top 40 hit singles between 1983 and 1992.  The 1986 hit single "No One Is to Blame" reached No. 4 on the US charts.  Four others placed in the US top 20.

Jones is associated with the 1980s Second British Invasion of the US. He has been described by the AllMusic editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine as "one of the defining figures of mid-'80s synth-pop", and he performed at Live Aid at Wembley Stadium in 1985. He has sold over eight million albums.