hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Data generating process
In statistics and in empirical sciences, a data generating process is a process in the real world that "generates" the data one is interested in. This process encompasses the underlying mechanisms, factors, and randomness that contribute to the production of observed data. Usually, scholars do not know the real data generating model and instead rely on assumptions, approximations, or inferred models to analyze and interpret the observed data effectively. However, it is assumed that those real models have observable consequences. Those consequences are the distributions of the data in the population. Those distributors or models can be represented via mathematical functions. There are many functions of data distribution. For example, normal distribution, Bernoulli distribution, Poisson distribution, etc.

Model
A model is an informative representation of an object, person, or system. The term originally denoted the plans of a building in late 16th-century English, and derived via French and Italian ultimately from Latin modulus, 'a measure'.

Models can be divided into physical models (e.g. a ship model) and abstract models (e.g. a set of mathematical equations describing the workings of the atmosphere for the purpose of weather forecasting). Abstract or conceptual models are central to philosophy of science.

In scholarly research and applied science, a model should not be confused with a theory: while a model seeks only to represent reality with the purpose of better understanding or predicting the world, a theory is more ambitious in that it claims to be an explanation of reality.
Mount Dewar
Mount Dewar (80°32′S 21°11′W﻿ / ﻿80.533°S 21.183°W﻿ / -80.533; -21.183) is a mountain rising to about 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) to the southwest of Aronson Corner in the Pioneers Escarpment, Shackleton Range. It was photographed from the air by the U.S. Navy in 1967 and surveyed by the British Antarctic Survey from 1968 to 1971. In association with the names of pioneers of polar life and travel grouped in this area, it was named in 1971 by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Sir James Dewar, a Scottish chemist and physicist who invented the thermos flask about 1892.

Shackleton Range
The Shackleton Range (80°30′S 25°00′W﻿ / ﻿80.500°S 25.000°W﻿ / -80.500; -25.000) is a mountain range in Antarctica that rises to 1,875 metres (6,152 ft) and extends in an east–west direction for about 100 miles (160 km) between the Slessor and Recovery Glaciers.
Shortnin' Bread
"Shortnin' Bread" (also spelled "Shortenin' Bread", "Short'nin' Bread", or "Sho'tnin' Bread") is an American folk song dating back at least to 1900, when James Whitcomb Riley published it as a poem. While there is speculation that Riley may have based his poem on an earlier African-American plantation song, no definitive evidence of such an origin has yet been uncovered.  A "collected" version of the song was published by E. C. Perrow in 1915. It is song number 4209 in the Roud Folk Song Index.

Shortening bread refers to a bread made of corn meal, with or without flour and lard shortening.

Lard
Lard is a semi-solid white fat product obtained by rendering the fatty tissue of a pig. It is distinguished from tallow, a  similar product derived from fat of cattle or sheep.

Lard can be rendered by steaming, boiling, or dry heat. The culinary qualities of lard vary somewhat depending on the origin and processing method; if properly rendered, it may be nearly odorless and tasteless.  It has a high saturated fatty acid content and no trans fat. At retail, refined lard is usually sold as paper-wrapped blocks.

Many cuisines use lard as a cooking fat or shortening, or as a spread in the same ways as butter. It is an ingredient in various savoury dishes such as sausages, pâtés, and fillings. As a replacement for butter, it provides flakiness to pastry. In western cuisine, it has ceded its popularity to vegetable oils, but many cooks and bakers still favor it over other fats for certain uses.
Neural processing unit
A neural processing unit (NPU), also known as an AI accelerator or deep learning processor, is a class of specialized hardware accelerator or computer system designed to accelerate artificial intelligence and machine learning applications, including artificial neural networks and computer vision.

Annapurna Labs
Annapurna Labs is an Israeli microelectronics company. Since January 2015 it has been a wholly owned subsidiary of Amazon.com. Amazon reportedly acquired the company for its Amazon Web Services division for US$350–370M.
Mausam Khatri
Mausam Khatri (born 10 December 1990) is a freestyle wrestler from India. He was a bronze medallist in the 2010 Asian Games. He has also been Commonwealth champion twice, along with being the winner of gold medal in the 2016 South Asian Games.

Khatri made his international debut in 2006 at the cadet level. And after becoming national champion at the senior level in 2008, he has been regularly representing India in international tournaments at the 96 kg/97 kg freestyle event. He has twice represented India in the World Wrestling Championships.

Along with amateur wrestling, Khatri has also been active in the traditional Indian wrestling, where he has won Hind Kesari title five times. He serves as a police sub-inspector in his native state of Haryana.

Sub-inspector
Sub-inspector (SI), or sub-inspector of police or police sub-inspector (PSI), is a rank used extensively in South Asia: in the police forces of Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, and Sri Lanka, which are primarily based on the British model. It was formerly used in most British colonial police forces and in certain British police forces as well. The rank usually was in charge of a police substation or assisted an inspector.
How Does That Grab You, Darlin'?
"How Does That Grab You Darlin'?" is a song by American singer Nancy Sinatra. Written and produced by American singer Lee Hazlewood, it was released on April 15, 1966, as the first single from Nancy's second studio album How Does That Grab You?, peaking at No. 7 on the Billboard Hot 100, No. 2 on the Canadian RPM singles chart, No. 19 on the UK Singles Chart, and No. 4 on the Austrian chart.

Lee Hazlewood
Barton Lee Hazlewood (July 9, 1929 – August 4, 2007) was an American country and pop singer, songwriter, and record producer, most widely known for his work with guitarist Duane Eddy during the late 1950s and singer Nancy Sinatra in the 1960s and 1970s.
His collaborations with Sinatra as well as his solo output in the late 1960s and early 1970s have been praised as an essential contribution to a sound often described as "cowboy psychedelia" or "saccharine underground". Rolling Stone ranked Lee Hazlewood & Nancy Sinatra No. 9 on its list of the 20 Greatest Duos of All Time.
Sandra C. Greer
Sandra Charlene Greer (born Sandra Charlene Thomason, 1945) is an American physical chemist who has held important academic and administrative positions at both the University of Maryland, College Park and Mills College.  Her area of study is the thermodynamics of fluids, especially polymer solutions and  phase transitions. She has received awards for her scientific contributions, and for her advocacy for women in science and her work on ethics in science.

Phase transition
In physics, chemistry and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This can be a discontinuous change; for example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to its boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The identification of the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point.
Charles Speight (rugby union)
Charles Richard Barton Speight (13 July 1870 – 23 December 1935) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A forward, who came out of the Parnell club, Speight represented Auckland at a provincial level. He was a member of the New Zealand national side in 1893, playing seven tour matches for the team.

After moving to Hamilton, Speight served as a member of the Hamilton Borough Council and the Waikato Trotting Club committee. He died in Hamilton on 23 December 1935 and was buried at Hamilton East Cemetery.

His brother, Harold Murray Hamilton Speight, also represented Auckland in 1894.

Auckland Rugby Union
The Auckland Rugby Union is a New Zealand provincial rugby union. The union was established in 1883 and was originally responsible for the administration of the sport in most of the former Auckland Province, although its boundaries have since shrunk to include only a portion of the Auckland urban area. The union governs the Auckland representative team, which has won New Zealand's first-tier domestic provincial competition 17 times, more than any other team. Their most recent title was the 2018 Mitre 10 Cup Premiership. The union administers all club rugby within its boundaries, including the Gallaher Shield and other senior club rugby, as well as school rugby. Auckland also acts as a primary feeder to the Blues, who play in the Super Rugby competition.
Cartmell
Cartmell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Fraser Cartmell (born 1982), Scottish triathlete

Jack Cartmell (1890–1979), English footballer and trainer

Harry Cartmell (1857–1923), English memoirist

Martha Cartmell (1846–1945), Canadian Methodist/United Church missionary and educator in Japan

Nathaniel Cartmell (1883–1967), American athlete

Tim Cartmell (21st century), American martial artist

Tim Cartmell
Tim Cartmell is a martial artist best known as an author and translator of martial arts books. He is an Eighth Degree Black Belt (Master) in Kung-Fu San Soo, and a Fourth Degree Black Belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu. Tim is an expert in Sun-style tai chi, including all three martial arts under the Sun system originally taught by founder Sun Lutang. They are tai chi, xingyiquan, and bagua. He started his martial arts career winning full-contact tournaments in Taiwan using xingyiquan. He placed first at the 2003 IBJJF Pan Championship as a brown belt (Senior 2), and first at the 2004 IBJJF Pan Championship as a black belt (Senior 2).
Kalaat es Senam
Kalaat es Senam, Kalaat Senan, or  Kalâat Snan (Tunisian Arabic: قلعة سنان) is a town in western Tunisia in the Kef Governorate.  It is the administrative center of Kalaat Senan Delegation and had 15,621 inhabitants (As of 2014 census). The town is a market town for the agriculture in the area, where wheat and oats are grown and cattle and sheep are grazed.

Kalaat es Senam is named after the nearby fortress (qalat) built upon the Jugurtha Tableland (a mesa).

The town is located within the territory of the Ouled Boughanem tribe.

Jugurtha Tableland
The Jugurtha Tableland is a large mesa near the town of Kalaat es Senan, Tunisia, which stands almost 600 metres (2,000 ft) above the Ez-Zghalma plain. 1,500 m (4,900 ft) long and 500 m (1,600 ft) wide, it covers a total area of nearly 80 hectares.

The Tableland is a geologic feature known as an inverted relief. Millions of years ago, the hard limestone top of the mesa was actually the bottom of a valley. Over the years, the softer surrounding hills were worn away by erosion, leaving the Tableland – and former low point – as the highest point on a plain. Local drinking water comes from the Ain Senan spring at the edge of the Jugurtha Tableland.
Abu Hbeilat
Abu Hbeilat (Arabic: أبو حبيلات)  is a Syrian village located in Barri Sharqi Subdistrict in Salamiyah District, Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Abu Hbeilat had a population of 299 in the 2004 census. As of 17 February 2025, the village had a population of 64 people.

Salamiyah District
Salamiyah (Arabic: سلمية Salamīya) is a district (mantiqah) administratively belonging to Hama Governorate, Syria. At the 2004 Census it had a population of 187,123. Its administrative district is the city of Salamiyah.
She-crab soup
She-crab soup is a rich soup, similar to bisque, made of milk or heavy cream, crab or fish stock, Atlantic blue crab meat, and (traditionally) crab roe, and a small amount of dry sherry added as it is plated. It may be thickened either by heat reduction or with a purée of boiled rice; it may also include such seasonings as mace and shallots or onions.  The soup is a regional specialty from the South Carolina Lowcountry.  It is commonly featured on the menus of many Charleston, South Carolina, and Savannah, Georgia restaurants.

The soup is named for the "she-crab", or female crab, originally a gravid (roe-carrying) crab, as the orange crab roe comprise a chief ingredient in traditional she-crab soup.  As with turtle soup, other ingredients may be added to the soup or substituted for others, although crab meat is found in all versions.

Regulations in Maryland and other states restrict the collection of egg-bearing female crabs.

Nutmeg
Nutmeg is the seed, or the ground spice derived from the seed, of several tree species of the genus Myristica; fragrant nutmeg or true nutmeg (M. fragrans) is a dark-leaved evergreen tree cultivated for two spices derived from its fruit: nutmeg, from its seed, and mace, from the seed covering. It is also a commercial source of nutmeg essential oil and nutmeg butter. The Banda Islands, in Maluku, Indonesia, are the main producer of nutmeg and mace, and the true nutmeg tree is native to the islands.

Nutmeg and mace, commonly used as food spices, have been traditionally employed for their psychoactive and aphrodisiac effects, though clinical evidence is lacking. High doses can cause serious toxic effects including acute psychosis, with risks heightened during pregnancy and with psychiatric conditions.

Conifers of the genus Torreya, commonly known as the nutmeg yews, have edible seeds of similar appearance, but are not closely related to M. fragrans, and are not used as a spice.
Avan Oru Ahankaari
Avan Oru Ahankaari is a 1980 Indian Malayalam film, directed by K. G. Rajasekharan and produced by G. P. Balan. The film stars Sheela, Jose Prakash, Janardanan and M. G. Soman in the lead roles. The film has musical score by M. S. Viswanathan.

K. G. Rajasekharan
Kadakathuveettil Govindakurup Rajasekharan (February 14, 1947 – March 21, 2019) was an Indian film director in Malayalam movies. He had directed 20 Malayalam movies. He directed his debut movie Padmatheertham in 1978.
Sittin' Here Pickin' the Blues
Sittin' Here Pickin' the Blues is the title of a recording by American folk music and country blues artists Doc Watson and Merle Watson, released in 2004. It contains songs taken from albums that Doc and Merle recorded on the Flying Fish label in the 1980s. It contains all the songs from Pickin' the Blues, three from Doc and Merle Watson's Guitar Album, three from Red Rocking Chair and a live version of "Deep River Blues".

Pickin' the Blues
Pickin' the Blues is an album by American folk music artists Doc Watson and Merle Watson, released in 1985. In 2006, it was re-issued on a limited edition, 180 gram all-analog virgin vinyl record from Analogue Productions.
Awaroa River (Far North)
The Awaroa River is a short river in the Far North District of New Zealand. It is 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Kaitaia, and flows southwest for 12 kilometres (7.5 mi), reaching the Tasman Sea to the north of the Hokianga Harbour.  Its estuary forms one of the two arms of Whangape Harbour (the other being the estuary of the Rotokakahi River).

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "long river" for Awaroa.

Tasman Sea
The Tasman Sea is a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocean, situated between Australia and New Zealand. It measures about 2,000 km (1,200 mi) across and about 2,800 km (1,700 mi) from north to south. The sea was named after the Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman, who in 1642 was the first known European to cross it. British explorer Lieutenant James Cook later extensively navigated the Tasman Sea in the 1770s during his three voyages of exploration.

The Māori people of New Zealand call this sea Te Moana-a-Rehua meaning 'the sea of Rehua' which clashes with the Pacific waters named Te Tai-o-Whitirea ('the sea of Whitirea') – after Whitirea, Rehua's lover – at Cape Reinga, the northernmost tip of North Island.
Mary Cathcart
Mary R. Cathcart (born August 28, 1942) is an American politician from Maine. Cathcart served as a Democratic State Senator from Maine's 32nd District, representing part of Penobscot County, including the population centers of Orono and Lincoln. She was first elected to the Maine State Senate in 1996 after serving from 1988 to 1994 in the Maine House of Representatives. She was term-limited from the State Senate in 2004.

She was a candidate for Maine's 2nd congressional district in 1994, but was defeated by John Baldacci.

Maine House of Representatives
The Maine House of Representatives is the lower house of the Maine Legislature. The House consists of 151 voting members and three nonvoting members. The voting members represent an equal number of districts across the state and are elected via plurality voting. The nonvoting members represent three of Maine's Native American tribes, though one tribe (the Penobscot Nation) has declined to send a representative. Each voting member of the House represents around 9,000 citizens of the state. Because it is a part-time position, members of the Maine House of Representatives usually have outside employment as well. Members are limited to four consecutive terms of two years each, but may run again after two years.

The House meets at the Maine State House in Augusta.
The Electric Indian
The Electric Indian was a studio group assembled and produced by The Dovells lead singer Len Barry which included Daryl Hall of Hall & Oates fame. Barry had an interest in Native American history, possibly inspired by watching The Lone Ranger TV series as a child. Their best-known song was "Keem-O-Sabe" which charted in 1969.

The Dovells
The Dovells were an American doo-wop group, formed at Overbrook High School in Philadelphia in 1957, under the name 'The Brooktones'. The original members were Arnie Silver, Len Borisoff, Jerry Gross (alias Summers), Mike Freda, and Jim Mealey (alias Danny Brooks). Their first single "No, No, No" was a local hit for The Brooktones.
Long Walk Hurdle
The Long Walk Hurdle is a Grade 1 National Hunt hurdle race in Great Britain which is open to horses aged four years or older. It is run at Ascot over a distance of about 3 miles and half a furlong (3 miles and 102 yards, or 4,921 metres), and there are twelve hurdles to be jumped. The race is scheduled to take place each year in December.

The event is named after The Long Walk, an avenue of trees in Windsor Great Park. It was first run in 1965, and it was initially a handicap race. It became a conditions race in 1971, and it was given Grade 1 status in 1990. Prior to the redevelopment of Ascot Racecourse, which took place during the period 2004–06, the distance of the race was 3 miles and 1½ furlongs.

Since 1971, six winners of the Long Walk Hurdle have gone on to win the Stayers' Hurdle in the same season – Derring Rose (1980–81), Baracouda (2001–02), My Way de Solzen (2005–06), Big Buck's (2009–10, 2010–11 and 2011–12), Thistlecrack (2015–16) and Paisley Park (2018–19).

National Hunt racing
National Hunt Racing, also known as Jump Racing, is a form of horse racing particular to many European countries, including, but not limited to:  France, Great Britain and Ireland. Jump Racing requires horses to jump over fences and ditches.

In the UK, National Hunt Racing is divided into two major distinct branches: Hurdling and Steeplechase, as well as flat races called “Bumpers”. Hurdling involves horses jumping over Hurdles, while Steeplechase involves the horses jumping over a variety of different obstacles that includes fences, water jump or an open ditch. Some of the biggest National Hunt events of the year in the UK are the Grand National and the Cheltenham Gold Cup.
Cowrie (honeypot)
Cowrie is a medium interaction SSH and Telnet honeypot designed to log brute force attacks and shell interaction performed by an attacker. Cowrie also functions as an SSH and telnet proxy to observe attacker behavior to another system. Cowrie was developed from Kippo.

Telnet
Telnet (sometimes stylized TELNET) is a client-server application protocol that provides access to virtual terminals of remote systems on local area networks or the Internet. It is a protocol for bidirectional 8-bit communications. Its main goal was to connect terminal devices and terminal-oriented processes.

The name "Telnet" refers to two things: a protocol specifying how two parties are to communicate and a software application that implements the protocol as a service. User data is interspersed in-band with Telnet control information in an 8-bit byte oriented data connection over the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). Telnet transmits all information including usernames and passwords in plaintext so it is not recommended for security-sensitive applications such as remote management of routers. Telnet's use for this purpose has waned significantly in favor of SSH. Some extensions to Telnet which would provide encryption have been proposed.
Succisa trichotocephala
Succisa trichotocephala is a species of plant in the family Caprifoliaceae. It is endemic to Cameroon. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Caprifoliaceae
The Caprifoliaceae or honeysuckle family is a clade of dicotyledonous flowering plants consisting of about 860 species in 33 to 42 genera, with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution. Centres of diversity are found in eastern North America and eastern Asia, while they are absent in tropical and southern Africa.
Sergey Grigoryev (pole vaulter)
Sergey Grigoryev (Kazakh: Сергей Григорьев; born 24 June 1992) is a Kazakhstani athlete specialising in the pole vault. He won the silver medal at the 2017 Summer Universiade.

His personal bests in the event are 5.65 metres outdoors (Busan 2017) and 5.50 metres indoors (Kamenogorsk 2016)

2017 Summer Universiade
The 2017 Summer Universiade (Chinese: 2017年夏季世界大學運動會; pinyin: Èr líng yī qī Nián Xiàjì Shìjiè Dàxué Yùndònghuì), officially known as the XXIX Summer Universiade (Chinese: 第二十九屆夏季世界大學運動會; pinyin: Dì èrshíjiǔ jiè xiàjì shìjiè dàxué yùndònghuì) and commonly called Taipei 2017 (Chinese: 台北2017; pinyin: Táiběi Èr líng yī qī), was a multi-sport event, sanctioned by the International University Sports Federation (FISU), held in the city of Taipei, Taiwan. It took place from August 19 to August 30, 2017.
Banff and Macduff
Banff and Macduff is a community council area in the Banff and Buchan committee area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland, with a community council. The community council area includes the two named towns and a rural area extending to the south west.

Banff and Macduff are two neighboring coastal towns on either side of the River Deveron, known for their intertwined history and long-established rivalry. They are often discussed together.

River Deveron
The River Deveron (Scottish Gaelic: Uisge Dubh Èireann) is a river in the north east of Scotland. The river has a length of 60 miles (97 km), and has a reputation for its Atlantic salmon, sea trout and brown trout fishing. In its upper reaches peaty water flows over a bottom of shingle and rock and is fast flowing.

Before being bridged at Banff, the river had to be crossed by "an uncertain ferry which would have landed you somewhere in the neighbourhood of the Old Market Place". The first bridge, built in 1765, was swept away three years later, followed in 1773 by the sinking of the ferry. A new one, designed by John Smeaton, was completed in 1779.