hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Afplats mine
The Afplats mine is a large open pit mine, located in the north-western part of South Africa in North West. Afplats represents one of the largest platinum reserves in South Africa having estimated reserves of 19.6 million oz of platinum. The mine produces around 200,000 oz of platinum/year.

Ounce
The  ounce (/ˈaʊns/) is any of several different units of mass, weight, or volume and is derived almost unchanged from the uncia, an Ancient Roman unit of measurement.

The avoirdupois ounce (exactly 28.349523125 g) is 1⁄16 avoirdupois pound; this is the United States customary and British imperial ounce. It is primarily used in the United States.

Although the avoirdupois ounce is the mass measure used for most purposes, the 'troy ounce' of exactly 31.1034768 g is used instead for the mass of precious metals such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium, etc.

The term 'ounce' is also used in other contexts:

The ounce-force is a measure of force (see below).

The fluid ounce is a measure of volume.

Historically, a variety of different ounces measuring mass or volume were used in different jurisdictions by different trades and at different times in history.
Drug Court of New South Wales
The Drug Court of New South Wales is an inferior court constituted as a court of record within the Australian court hierarchy with its jurisdiction limited to New South Wales, Australia. It is a specialist court that deals with criminal offences in which the defendant has an addiction to illicit drugs. The Court exercises both local and district court jurisdiction and has a similar status to the District Court of New South Wales.

Established pursuant to the Drug Court Act 1998 (NSW), the Court was the first drug court of its type in Australia.

District court
District courts are a category of courts which exists in several nations. Sometimes they are called "small case courts" because they are usually at the lowest level of the hierarchy.

These courts generally work under a higher court which exercises control over the lower court and supervises it.
James Marrow
Thomas James Marrow (born 23 November 1966) is a British scientist who is a professor of nuclear materials at the University of Oxford and holds the James Martin Chair in Energy Materials. He specialises in physical metallurgy, micromechanics, and X-ray crystallography of engineering materials, mainly ceramic matrix composite and nuclear graphite.

Nuclear graphite
Nuclear graphite is any grade of graphite, usually synthetic graphite, manufactured for use as a moderator or reflector within a nuclear reactor. Graphite is an important material for the construction of both historical and modern nuclear reactors because of its extreme purity and ability to withstand extremely high temperatures.
Rotational mouse
A rotational mouse is a type of computer mouse which attempts to expand traditional mouse functionality. The objective of rotational mice is to facilitate three degrees of freedom (3DOF) for human-computer interaction by adding a third dimensional input, yaw (or Rz), to the existing x and y dimensional inputs. There have been several attempts to develop rotating mice, using a variety of mechanisms to detect rotation.

Six degrees of freedom
Six degrees of freedom (6DOF), or sometimes six degrees of movement, refers to the six mechanical degrees of freedom of movement of a rigid body in three-dimensional space. Specifically, the body is free to change position as forward/backward (surge), up/down (heave), left/right (sway) translation in three perpendicular axes, combined with changes in orientation through rotation about three perpendicular axes, often termed yaw (normal axis), pitch (transverse axis), and roll (longitudinal axis).

Three degrees of freedom (3DOF), a term often used in the context of virtual reality, typically refers to tracking of rotational motion only: pitch, yaw, and roll.
Bruce Mines
Bruce Mines is a town in the Canadian province of Ontario, located on the north shore of Lake Huron in the Algoma District along Highway 17. The town of Bruce Mines had a population of 582 residents in 2021.  The current mayor of Bruce Mines is Lory Patteri.

The Township of Plummer Additional depends on Bruce Mines and other urban centres for most of its commercial and community services. In the 2010 municipal election, winning mayoral candidate Gordon Post pledged to investigate the feasibility of reamalgamating Bruce Mines and Plummer Additional.

Algoma District
Algoma District is a district and census division in Northeastern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario.

The name was created by an American  ethnologist, Henry Rowe Schoolcraft (1793–1864), who was appointed Indian agent to the Ojibwe in Sault Ste. Marie region in 1822.  "Al" is derived from Algonquin, while "goma" is a variant of gomee, meaning lake or water.

Algoma District has shoreline along Lake Superior and Lake Huron. It has an international border crossing to the American state of Michigan, at Sault Ste. Marie. Historically, it was known for its lumber and mining industries.

The rugged scenery of the region has inspired works by Canadian artists, particularly the Group of Seven. They rented a boxcar from the Algoma Central Railway to travel on excursions through this region.
East Wittering (ward)
East Wittering was an electoral ward of Chichester District, West Sussex, England that returns two members to sit on Chichester District Council.

Following a district boundary review, it was merged into the new The Witterings ward in 2019.

Chichester District
Chichester is a local government district in West Sussex, England. It is named after the city of Chichester, which is its largest settlement and where the council is based. The district includes the towns of Midhurst, Petworth and Selsey and surrounding rural areas, including many villages. The district includes part of the South Downs National Park, and Chichester Harbour is a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. At the 2021 census the district had a population of 124,531.

The district is on the coast, facing the English Channel. The neighbouring districts are Arun, Horsham, Waverley, East Hampshire and Havant.
Humboldt County, Iowa
Humboldt County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,597, and was estimated to be 9,617 in 2024. The county seat is Dakota City and the largest city is Humboldt. The county was created on January 15, 1851, re-created on February 26, 1857, and named in honor of Alexander von Humboldt.

Iowa Highway 3
Iowa Highway 3 (Iowa 3) is a state highway that runs from east to west across the state of Iowa.  It is the longest state highway in Iowa, at 323 miles (520 km) long.  Iowa 3 begins at the South Dakota state line where it continues as South Dakota Highway 50 and ends at the Northwest Arterial at the Dubuque city limits.  It is designated the American Veterans Memorial Highway for its entirety.  It is located approximately halfway between Interstate 80 and Interstate 90.
Not in Our Genes
Not in Our Genes: Biology, Ideology and Human Nature is a 1984 book by the evolutionary geneticist Richard Lewontin, the neurobiologist Steven Rose, and the psychologist Leon Kamin, in which the authors criticize sociobiology and genetic determinism and advocate a socialist society. Its themes include the relationship between biology and society, the nature versus nurture debate, and the intersection of science and ideology.

The book formed part of a larger campaign against sociobiology. Its authors were praised for their criticism of IQ testing and were complimented by some for their critique of sociobiology. However, they have been criticized for misrepresenting the views of scientists such as the biologist E. O. Wilson and the ethologist Richard Dawkins, for using “determinism” and “reductionism” simply as terms of abuse, and for the influence of Marxism on their views. Critics have seen its authors' conclusions as political rather than scientific.

The Humanist
The Humanist is an American bi-monthly magazine published in Washington, D.C. It was founded in 1941 by American Humanist Association. It covers topics in science, religion, media, technology, politics and popular culture and provides ethical critique and commentary on them. The magazine was originally published under the name of The New Humanist from 1928 to 1940 by a fellowship of American humanists based at the University of Chicago. The magazine has a small circulation, read principally by the three thousand members of the American Humanist Association.
Caladenia cadyi
Caladenia cadyi is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south coast of New South Wales. It has a single dull green leaf with purple blotches near the base, and a single greenish cream to cream flower with pink to reddish markings. It was only known from a single population which has been bulldozed and replaced with a pine plantation so that it is now probably extinct.

South Coast (New South Wales)
The South Coast refers to the narrow coastal belt from the Shoalhaven district in the north to the state border with Victoria in the south in the south-eastern part of the State of New South Wales, Australia. It is bordered to the west by the coastal escarpment of the Southern Tablelands, and is largely covered by a series of national parks, namely Jervis Bay National Park, Eurobodalla National Park, and Beowa National Park. To the east is the coastline of the Pacific Ocean, which is characterised by rolling farmlands, small towns and villages along a rocky coastline, interspersed by numerous beaches and lakes.

The South Coast includes Shoalhaven district in the north and the Bega Valley in the more remote south as well as the Eurobodalla Shire and the Commonwealth Jervis Bay Territory which is adjacent to the City of Shoalhaven Local Government Area. Some definitions of the region include the Illawarra, but it is often seen as a separate and distinct region of New South Wales.
Herbert Sandberg
Herbert Sandberg (April 18, 1908 – March 18, 1991) was a German artist and caricaturist. He was best known for his caricatures in the satirical magazine, Ulenspiegel, which he co-founded and art directed. He is also well known for his drawings of Bertolt Brecht and for his column, Der freche Zeichenstift in the magazine, Das Magazin. A member of the Communist Party, a Jew, and a German Resistance fighter, Sandberg spent 10 years in a Nazi prison and in Buchenwald concentration camp. He conceived the idea for Ulenspiegel while a prisoner there and began working on it almost immediately on liberation.

Academy of Arts, Berlin
The Academy of Arts (German: Akademie der Künste) is a state arts institution in Berlin, Germany. The task of the Academy is to promote art, as well as to advise and support the states of Germany.

The academy's predecessor organization was founded in 1696 by Elector Frederick III of Brandenburg as the Brandenburg Academy of Arts, an academic institution in which members could meet and discuss and share ideas. The current Academy was founded on 1 October 1993 as the re-unification of formerly separate East and West Berlin academies.
David Simpson (Canadian politician)
Alfred David Simpson  (born March 19, 1910 - September 11, 1965) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. He served as Mayor of Stratford, Ontario when the Stratford Shakespeare Festival was founded in 1952-53 and encouraged Tom Patterson to pursue the idea further.

Tom Patterson (theatre producer)
Harry Thomas Patterson OC OOnt (11 June 1920 – 23 February 2005) was a Stratford, Ontario born journalist who went on to found the Stratford Festival of Canada, then called the Stratford Shakespearean Festival, the largest theatre festival in Canada.
Kenneth Ofokansi
Kenneth Chibuzor Ofokansi Listenⓘ is a Nigerian professor of pharmaceutics of the University of Nigeria. He was the Dean of the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, and the Director of International Collaboration of the university, in which time he supervised the production of the first indigenous laptop assembly line of a Nigerian university. He was also the chairman, Senate Ceremonials of the University of Nigeria. He was awarded the Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship in 2006. Ofokansi delivered the 140th Inaugural lecture of the University of Nigeria on August 16, 2018.

Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
The Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (German: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung) is a foundation that promotes international academic cooperation between scientists and scholars from Germany and abroad. Established by the government of the Federal Republic of Germany, it is funded by the Federal Foreign Office, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, and other national and international partners.
Dhakti Dahanu
Dhakti Dahanu is a village in the Palghar district of Maharashtra, India. It is located in the Dahanu taluka, on the shore of Arabian Sea.Located just other side of the Dahanu khadi (Dahanu Creek) from the town, it is connected with Dahanu by  bridge over the creek.

The village is famous for fresh sea water fish which are available cheaply and thus people from nearby area like Tarapur, Boisar, Dahanu visits this place for fresh fish. People of Mangela and Bari community dominate the village with significant amount of Bhandari and also warli people live in large numbers in  villages nearby.

Dahanu
Dahanu (Pronunciation: [ɖəɦaːɳuː]) is a coastal town and a municipal council in Palghar district of Maharashtra state in Konkan division. It is located 110 km from Mumbai city and hosts Adani Power’s thermal power station. It is the site of the approved Vadhawan Deep Water Port.
Hazem Emam
Hazem Mohamed Yehia El Horria Mohamed Emam (Arabic: حازم محمد يحيى الحرية محمد إمام; born 16 April 1975) is an Egyptian retired professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. He is member in House of Representatives and former board member of Egyptian Football Association and Zamalek SC.

Egyptian Football Association
The Egyptian Football Association (Egyptian Arabic: الاتحاد المصري لكرة القدم) is the governing body of association football in Egypt. Founded in 1921, it became a member of FIFA since 1923 and a founding member of the CAF, the EFA has jurisdiction over the Egyptian football league system and is responsible for the men's and women's national teams.

The EFA headquarters is located in Gezira, Cairo. The EFA organizes the semi-professional Egyptian Second Division as well as the lower regional leagues at the third and fourth levels of the league system.
Encumbrance
An encumbrance is a third party's right to, interest in, or legal liability on property that does not prohibit the property's owner from transferring title (but may diminish its value). Encumbrances can be classified in several ways. They may be financial (for example, liens) or non-financial (for example, easements, private restrictions). Alternatively, they may be divided into those that affect title (for example, lien, legal or equitable charge) or those that affect the use or physical condition of the encumbered property (for example, restrictions, easements, encroachments). Encumbrances include security interests, liens, servitudes (for example, easements, wayleaves, real covenants, profits a prendre), leases, restrictions, encroachments, and air and subsurface rights.

Easement
An easement is a nonpossessory right to use or enter onto the real property of another without possessing it. It is "best typified in the right of way which one landowner, A, may enjoy over the land of another, B". An easement is a property right and type of incorporeal property in itself at common law in most jurisdictions.

An easement is similar to real covenants and equitable servitudes. In the United States, the Restatement (Third) of Property takes steps to merge these concepts as servitudes.

Easements are helpful for providing a 'limited right to use another person's land for a stated purpose. For example, an easement may allow someone to use a road on their neighbor’s land to get to their own.'  Another example is someone's right to fish in a privately owned pond, or to have access to a public beach.

The rights of an easement holder vary substantially among jurisdictions.
Between Riverside and Crazy
Between Riverside and Crazy is a 2014 play by playwright, screenwriter, director, and actor Stephen Adly Guirgis. The play won the 2015 Pulitzer Prize for Drama, the 2015 New York Drama Critics Circle Award for Best Play, the 2015 Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Play, the 2015 Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding New Off-Broadway Play and the 2015 Off Broadway Alliance Award for Best New Play.

Outer Critics Circle Awards
The Outer Critics Circle Awards are presented annually for Broadway and Off-Broadway theatrical achievements. They are presented by the Outer Critics Circle (OCC), the official organization of New York theater writers for out-of-town newspapers, digital and national publications, and other media beyond Broadway. The awards were first presented during the 1949–50 theater season.
September Five at Saint-Henri
September Five at Saint-Henri (French: À St-Henri le cinq septembre) is a 1962 National Film Board of Canada (NFB) documentary film directed by Hubert Aquin about the first day of school for children and their families in the working class Montreal district of Saint-Henri. As Aquin was primarily a writer, he worked with a variety of cameramen. The NFB credits 11 on the film—Guy Borremans, Michel Brault, Georges Dufaux, Claude Fournier, Bernard Gosselin, Jean Roy, Claude Jutra, Bernard Devlin, Arthur Lipsett, Don Owen and Daniel Fournier. Caroline Zéau in her book L'Office national du film et le cinéma canadien (1939-2003): éloge de la frugalité states that as many as 28 filmmakers worked on the project, including the entire French production team, with Jacques Godbout reading narration.

The film was originally released in French as a 42-minute film. The English-language version is shorter, with a 27-minute running time.

Bernard Gosselin
Bernard Gosselin (October 5, 1934 – March 20, 2006) was a Canadian cinematographer and documentary film director. He is known for his work with the National Film Board of Canada.  He was an early adopter of the direct cinema documentary style.
Charles Frederic Chapman
Charles Frederic Chapman (January 4, 1881 - March 21, 1976) was an avid boater, editor of Hearst's Motor Boating magazine from 1912 to 1968, co-founder of the United States Power Squadrons, co-founder of the Chapman School of Seamanship and author of the standard boating reference work, Chapman Piloting.

Hearst Communications
Hearst Corporation, Hearst Holdings Inc. and Hearst Communications Inc. is an American multinational mass media and business information conglomerate owned by the Hearst family and based in Hearst Tower in Midtown Manhattan in New York City.

Hearst owns newspapers, magazines, television channels, and television stations, including the Albany Times-Union, Houston Chronicle, Austin American-Statesman, San Francisco Chronicle, Cosmopolitan and Esquire. It owns 50 percent of the A&E Global Media cable network group and 18 percent of the sports television company ESPN Inc. The conglomerate also owns Fitch Group and First Databank.

The company was founded by William Randolph Hearst, a newspaper owner who was most well known for his use of yellow journalism. The Hearst family remains involved in its ownership and management.
UEFA Women's Euro 2022 qualifying Group D
Group D of the UEFA Women's Euro 2022 qualifying competition consists of five teams: Spain, Czech Republic, Poland, Moldova, and Azerbaijan. The composition of the nine groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 21 February 2019, 13:30 CET (UTC+1), at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland. with the teams seeded according to their coefficient ranking.

The group is played in home-and-away round-robin format between August 2019 and December 2020. The group winners and the three best runners-up among all nine groups (not counting results against the sixth-placed team) qualify directly for the final tournament, while the remaining six runners-up advance to the play-offs.

On 17 March 2020, all matches were put on hold due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Azerbaijan women's national football team
The Azerbaijan women's national football team represents Azerbaijan in international women's football. They are currently 79th in the FIFA Women's World Rankings. Azerbaijan has never qualified for any international tournament. The majority of Azerbaijan's home matches are held at the national stadium, Tofiq Bahramov Stadium.
Rocky Mountain Lacrosse League
The Rocky Mountain Lacrosse League (RMLL) is a box lacrosse league based in Alberta with three teams in Saskatchewan and, as of 2018, one in Manitoba. It is sanctioned by the Alberta Lacrosse Association. RMLL organizes all senior and junior play in the province. The league is broken into several divisions: Senior B, Senior C, Junior A, Junior B, Tier II and Tier III. Junior Ladies and Senior Ladies divisions were added in 2004 and 2011, respectively.

The RMLL is experiencing rapid growth as the popularity of box lacrosse increases, spurred on by the expansion of the National Lacrosse League to Calgary in 2001 and Edmonton in 2005. In 2002, 18 teams played in the RMLL at all levels. That number grew to 37 in 2005, then 59 in 2006. An all-time high 64 teams competed in 2016. As of 2026 there is 63 teams competing across nine divisons

National Lacrosse League
The National Lacrosse League (NLL) is a professional box lacrosse league in North America. The league comprises 14 teams – 7 in the United States and 7 in Canada. The NLL is headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The NLL ranks third in average attendance for pro indoor sports worldwide, behind only the National Hockey League (NHL) and National Basketball Association (NBA). Unlike other box lacrosse leagues, which play in the summer, the NLL plays its games in the winter and spring, from December to June. Each year, the playoff teams battle for the National Lacrosse League Cup. The NLL has averaged between 8,900 and 10,700 spectators per game each year since 2004.
2011 European Touring Car Cup
The 2011 FIA European Touring Car Cup was the seventh running of the FIA European Touring Car Cup. It was contested over a single event at the Salzburgring on the weekend of 23–24 July, unlike in 2010 where it was a three-event series. The event consisted of two races run over a distance of approximately 50 kilometres each. Three FIA cups were awarded at the conclusion of the event, one per each of the eligible categories: Super 2000, Super 1600 and Super Production.

Super 1600
Super 1600, also known as S1600, is a rally car formula that was primarily used in the Junior World Rally Championship between 2001 and 2010, as well as international rallycross championships and various national rally championships. Any automobile manufacturer that had a suitable road-going production model in its range could develop a specification for use in this formula. It was devised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (the international governing body of motorsport) in 2000 and first saw competitive use in 2001. Super 1600 was intended to provide a young driver's entry point into international rallying, and could only be used by entrants in the JWRC in particular at world level. From 2011 the formulae was not accepted in JWRC as Group R cars took prominence.