hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ricerche di Matematica
Ricerche di Matematica is a peer-reviewed mathematics journal on applied mathematics and pure mathematics. It was established in 1952 by Carlo Miranda with the collaboration of Renato Caccioppoli and other members of the Istituto di Matematica of the University of Naples Federico II. From 1952 to 2005 the journal was published in 54 volumes in Naples with articles in Italian, English, or French. From 2006 "Ricerche di Matematica" (with articles only in English) is published by Springer-Verlag under the auspices of the Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni "Renato Caccioppoli"; a board of professors in this department at the University of Naples Federico II appoints and supports the journal's editors. The journal is indexed by Mathematical Reviews and Zentralblatt MATH.

Carlo Miranda
Carlo Miranda (15 August 1912 – 28 May 1982) was an Italian mathematician, working on mathematical analysis, theory of elliptic partial differential equations and complex analysis: he is known for giving the first proof of the Poincaré–Miranda theorem, for Miranda's theorem in complex analysis, and for writing an influential monograph in the theory of elliptic partial differential equations.
Courtney Hadwin
Courtney Hadwin is an English singer-songwriter. She rose to fame by competing prominently on the first season of ITV's The Voice Kids UK 2017 and the 13th season of the NBC competition show America's Got Talent (AGT) the next year. Her latter audition went viral. By the time of her second performance in 2018 on the first live TV broadcast of AGT that season, the video of her audition had been viewed "over 200 million" times, according to show host Tyra Banks as she introduced Hadwin.

The Voice Kids (British TV series) series 1
The Voice Kids is a British television music competition to find new singing talent. The first series began airing on 10 June 2017, being broadcast on a weekly basis on ITV. It is hosted by Emma Willis and the coaches are will.i.am, Pixie Lott and Danny Jones. In the premiere series, Jess Folley won the competition and Pixie Lott was the winning coach.
Elizabeth Crowley
Elizabeth S. Crowley (born November 27, 1977) is an American politician who is currently President and CEO of the Building Trades Employers’ Association. She was previously the New York City Council member for the 30th district from 2009 to 2017, representing the neighborhoods of Glendale, Maspeth, Middle Village, Ridgewood, and parts of Woodside and Woodhaven, in the borough of Queens. Crowley was both the first woman and first Democrat to hold the seat. Crowley was a 2021 candidate for Queens Borough President. She is a cousin of former U.S. Congressman Joseph Crowley.

Maspeth, Queens
Maspeth is a residential and commercial community in the borough of Queens in New York City. It was founded in the early 17th century by Dutch and English settlers. Neighborhoods sharing borders with Maspeth are Woodside to the north; Sunnyside to the northwest; Greenpoint, Brooklyn, to the west; East Williamsburg, Brooklyn, to the southwest; Fresh Pond and Ridgewood to the south; and Middle Village and Elmhurst to the east.

Maspeth is located in Queens Community District 5 and its ZIP Code is 11378. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 104th Precinct. Politically, Maspeth is represented by the New York City Council's 26th and 30th districts.
Javier Fernández
Javier Fernández is the name of:

Javier Fernández (Spanish politician) (born 1948), Spanish politician and President of the Principality of Asturias
Javier Fernández government, the regional government of Javier Fernández

Javier Fernández Aguado (born 1961), Spanish PhD in Economics, author and expert in Management

Javier Fernández (judoka) (born 1981), Spanish judoka

Javi Fernández (footballer, born 1988), Spanish footballer

Javier Fernández (figure skater) (born 1991), Spanish figure skater

Javier Fernández (footballer, born 1994), Uruguayan footballer

Javi Fernández (footballer, born 1997), Spanish footballer

Javier Fernandez (American politician), member of the Florida House of Representatives

Javi Fernández (footballer, born 2006), Spanish footballer

Javier Fernandez (American politician)
Javier Fernandez is an American politician and attorney who served as a member of the Florida House of Representatives from 2018 to 2020, representing parts of Miami-Dade County around Coral Gables, West Miami, South Miami, Pinecrest, and Cutler Bay. Fernandez was first elected in a May 2018 special election to replace former representative Daisy Baez. Fernandez defeated Republican Andrew Vargas, 50.9 to 46.6%. Running for his first full term in November 2018, Fernandez beat Republican Javier Enriquez, 53 to 47%).

Fernandez is the Democratic nominee for Florida Senate District 39 in 2020. In October 2020, Fernandez resigned from his seat in the House to concentrate on his Senate campaign and to move into District 39. In the general election, Fernandez lost against Republican Ana Maria Rodriguez obtaining 42.8% to Rodriguez's 55.6%. In 2022, Fernandez returned to politics and was elected Mayor of South Miami.
John Bazely
Admiral John Bazely (March 1740 – 22 April 1809) was an experienced and highly respected officer of the British Royal Navy who served in three wars and saw numerous actions, notably during the American War of Independence. He first gained notice with the capture of the American brig USS Lexington in 1777, following which he was rapidly promoted and by 1779 was a post captain and fought in engagements under Augustus Keppel and George Rodney with some success. He later served in the Channel Fleet under Lord Howe and fought at the Glorious First of June, although his career stagnated during the French Revolutionary Wars and he was unemployed for the final decade of his life, despite his being "regarded with respect and gratitude by his compatriots at large".

Admiral (Royal Navy)
Admiral (Adm) is a senior rank of the Royal Navy, which equates to the NATO rank code OF-9, outranked only by the rank of admiral of the fleet. Royal Navy officers holding the ranks of rear admiral, vice admiral and admiral of the fleet are sometimes considered generically to be admirals. The rank of admiral is currently the highest rank to which a serving officer in the Royal Navy can be promoted, admiral of the fleet being in abeyance except for honorary promotions of retired officers and members of the royal family.

The equivalent rank in the British Army and Royal Marines is general; and in the Royal Air Force, it is air chief marshal.
World Elephant
The Ashtadiggajas (Sanskrit: अष्टदिग्गज, romanized: Aṣṭadiggajas, lit. 'eight elephants of the quarters') is a group of eight legendary elephants that appear in Hindu cosmology, serving as the guardians of the eight zones of the universe. There are also eight female elephants that stand beside the Ashtadiggajas, referred to as the Ashtadikkarinis.

Hindu cosmology
Hindu cosmology is the description of the universe and its states of matter, cycles within time, physical structure, and effects on living entities according to Hindu texts. Hindu cosmology is also intertwined with the idea of a creator who allows the world to exist and take shape.
Madar (surname)
Madar is a surname of several possible origins. It particular, madár means "bird" in Hungarian, mađar or maďar means "Hungarian" in several Slavic languages. In Maghrebi Jewish it is a nickname of Arabic origin for a person who talks much. Notable people with the surname include:

Chaim Madar, chief rabbi of Tunisia's Jewish community and writer

Csaba Madar (born 1974) Hungarian footballetr

Ede Mađar (1931–2005), Serbian gymnast

Elmer Madar (1920–1972), American footballer

Mickaël Madar,  French former professional footballer

Hawadle Madar 1939–2005, Somalian politician

Olga Madar (1915–1996), American executive

Veronika Madár, Hungarian actress

Yam Madar (born 2000), Israeli professional basketball player

Elmer Madar
Elmer F. Madar (November 28, 1920 – February 9, 1972) was an All American football player at the University of Michigan in 1942 and 1946. He played one season of professional football for the Baltimore Colts of the All-America Football Conference (AAFC).
Vitrasius Pollio
Vitrasius Pollio (died AD 32) was a member of the equestrian class who was prefect or governor of the imperial province of Egypt. He died in office, and was replaced by an imperial freedman Hiberus until another eques, Aulus Avilius Flaccus, could arrive from Rome.

Pollio is the earliest attested member of the Vitrasii. His son Gaius Vitrasius Pollio was prefect of Roman Egypt between the years 38 and 41.

Prefect
Prefect (from the Latin praefectus, substantive adjectival form of praeficere: "put in front", meaning in charge) is a magisterial title of varying definition, but essentially refers to the leader of an administrative area.

A prefect's office, department, or area of control is called a prefecture, but in various post-Roman Empire cases there is a prefect without a prefecture or vice versa. The words "prefect" and "prefecture" are also used, more or less conventionally, to render analogous words in other languages, especially Romance languages.
Campfire songs
Camp songs or campfire songs are a category of folk music traditionally sung around a campfire for entertainment. Since the advent of summer camp as an activity for children, these songs have been identified with children's songs, although they may originate from earlier traditions of songs popular with adults. The tradition of singing around a campfire has existed for centuries. It has been suggested that a good campfire song will have a strong refrain or repeating structure so that others can participate easily. Campfire songs may be used alongside campfire stories.

At summer camps for children, songs have been said to build a sense of belonging among campers. 4-H reports that camp songs foster camaraderie and reduce the stress and anxiety of a new environment.

Campfire
A campfire is a fire at a campsite that provides light, warmth, and heat for cooking. It can also serve as a beacon and an insect and predator deterrent. Established campgrounds often provide a stone or steel fire ring for safety. Campfires are a popular feature of camping. At summer camps, the word campfire often refers to an event (ceremony, get together, etc.) at which there is a fire. Some camps refer to the fire itself as a campfire.
2018 6 Hours of Silverstone
The 2018 6 Hours of Silverstone was an endurance sports car racing event held at the Silverstone Circuit in Northamptonshire, England on 17–19 August 2018. Silverstone served as the third round of the 2018-19 FIA World Endurance Championship, and was the seventh running of the event as part of the championship. The race was won by the #3 Rebellion R13, after the #8 and #7 TS050 Hybrids were disqualified due to excessive wear on their Skid Planks.

Toyota TS050 Hybrid
The Toyota TS050 Hybrid is a sports prototype racing car developed for the 2016 Le Mans Prototype rules in the FIA World Endurance Championship. The car is the direct successor of the Toyota TS040 Hybrid, which competed in both the 2014 and 2015 FIA WEC seasons. Drivers that have tested the TS050 include Sam Bird, Thomas Laurent, Pipo Derani, Kenta Yamashita, Nyck de Vries, and Yannick Dalmas. The TS050 was revealed at the Circuit Paul Ricard on 24 March 2016 due to Toyota's two-year cycle policy. The engine is a 2.4-liter twin-turbocharged petrol V6, while the two previous cars used a naturally aspirated petrol V8. It has an 8-megajoule hybrid system, which uses lithium-ion batteries.
Castle of Castilnovo
The Castle of Castilnovo is located near the little village of Villafranca (Condado de Castilnovo) in the province of Segovia, Castile and León, in Spain. It was declared Bien de Interés Cultural (National monument) on 3 June 1931.

Built in different stages, being the earliest the 8th century, according to some, and the 12th century, according to others. Its initial construction was executed by the Arabs in mudejar style, with later additions by the later Christian owners. The castle is conserved in good condition. It has a rectangular plan, with six round and square towers.

The Castle was enlarged by Álvaro de Luna and lived in by Ferdinand and Isabella during their travels through the country.

It was the property of the Catholic Monarchs, and through inheritance to the Velasco family.

Álvaro de Luna
Álvaro de Luna y Fernández de Jarava (between 1388 and 1390 – 2 June 1453), was a Castilian statesman, favourite of John II of Castile. He served as Constable of Castile and as Grand Master of the Order of Santiago. He earned great influence in the Crown's affairs in the wake of his support to John II against the so-called Infantes of Aragon. Once he lost the protection of the monarch, he was executed in Valladolid in 1453.
James J. Connell
Lieutenant Commander James J. Connell (6 May 1939 – 14 January 1971) was an American naval aviator. Born in Wilmington, Delaware, Connell served in the United States Navy as a naval aviator. During the Vietnam War, Connell was shot down and captured, eventually dying in captivity. He was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross, with Connell's decoration being the highest award for valor bestowed on a Delawarean during the Vietnam War.

Naval aviator (United States)
A naval aviator is a commissioned officer or warrant officer qualified as a crewed aircraft pilot in the United States Navy or United States Marine Corps. United States Coast Guard crewed aircraft pilots are officially designated as "Coast Guard aviators", although they complete the same undergraduate flight training as Navy and Marine Corps crewed aircraft pilots, and are awarded the same aviation breast insignia.
Merrell (company)
Merrell is an American manufacturing company of footwear products. It was founded by Clark Matis, Randy Merrell, and John Schweizer in 1981 as a maker of high-performance hiking boots. Since 1997, the company has been a wholly owned subsidiary of Wolverine World Wide. Products currently commercialized by Merrell include hiking boots, athletic shoes, sandals, jackets, knit caps, gloves, t-shirts, hoodies, shorts, and socks. Other accessories include backpacks, stuff sacks, and bags.

Jacket
A jacket is a garment for the upper body, usually extending below the hips. A jacket typically has sleeves and fastens in the front or slightly on the side. Jackets without sleeves are vests. A jacket is generally lighter, tighter-fitting, and less insulating than a coat, but both are outerwear. Some jackets are fashionable, while some others serve as protective clothing.
Injection of vinylite and corrosion
Injection of vinylite and corrosion is an anatomical technique used to visualize branching and pathways of the circulatory system. It consists of filling the circulatory system of the piece with vinyl acetate and its use of corrosion technique for the removal of the superposed matter, that is, the organic matter. The technique of vinylite followed by corrosion, besides having low cost, provides a long period of conservation, satisfying the need of undergraduate students as the study of anatomy.

The technique of filling by vinilite is considered an angiotechnical, which consists of the study of blood vessels. This is used to mark the circulatory system (arterial and venous) with the use of pre-pigmented vinyl acetate to fill the vessels of the part to be studied in order to be able to visualize the ducts and duly filled systems. For corrosion or semi-corrosion, hydrochloric acid is the most viable substance used to obtain templates for the vascularization of organs or parts.

Artery
An artery (from Greek  ἀρτηρία (artēríā)) is a blood vessel in humans and most other animals that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart in the systemic circulation to one or more parts of the body. Exceptions that carry deoxygenated blood are the pulmonary arteries in the pulmonary circulation that carry blood to the lungs for oxygenation, and the umbilical arteries in the fetal circulation that carry deoxygenated blood to the placenta. It consists of a multi-layered artery wall wrapped into a tube-shaped channel.

Arteries contrast with veins, which carry deoxygenated blood back towards the heart; or in the pulmonary and fetal circulations carry oxygenated blood to the lungs and fetus respectively.
Fu Zhong
Fu Zhong (simplified Chinese: 傅钟; traditional Chinese: 傅鍾; pinyin: Fù Zhōng; 23 June 1900 – 28 July 1989) was a general in the People's Liberation Army of the People's Republic of China from Sichuan.

Fu Zhong joined the Chinese Communist party in 1921, and graduated from the Moscow Sun Yat-sen University in 1930. He was appointed as the head of the political department in the Counter-Japanese Military and Political University and served in various positions in the Eighth Route Army as the political commissar. During the Chinese Civil War, he was the deputy head of the political department in the Central Military Commission. He was one of the earliest military leaders that joined the communist party.

Moscow Sun Yat-sen University
Moscow Sun Yat-sen University, officially the Sun Yat-sen Communist University of the Toilers of China, was a Comintern school which operated from 1925 to 1930 in the city of Moscow, Russia, then the Soviet Union. It was a training camp for Chinese revolutionaries from both the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that was split off from the Communist University of the Toilers of the East. Its relationship to the Comintern's International Liaison Department (Russian acronym "OMS") remains unclear.

In the beginning each Sun Yat-sen University adopted a statism educational model (中山大學模式).

It was also called the Communist Workers' University of China (Russian: Коммунистический университет трудящихся Китая, romanized: Kommunisticheskiy universitet trudyashchikhsya Kitaya, KUTK).
Sima Avramović
Sima Avramovic (Serbian: Сима Аврамовић / Sima Avramović) (b. 1950) is a Serbian university professor, author on the subjects of comparative law, legal history, law and religion, Roman law, rhetoric and Ambassador of Serbia to the Vatican City State.

Prof. Avramović served as Dean of the University of Belgrade's Faculty of Law from 2012 until 2018. He was also President of the University of Belgrade's Senate.

Comparative law
Comparative law is the study of differences and similarities between the law and legal systems of different countries. More specifically, it involves the study of the different legal systems (or "families") in existence around the world, including common law, civil law, socialist law, Canon law, Jewish Law, Islamic law, Hindu law, and Chinese law. It includes the description and analysis of foreign legal systems, even where no explicit comparison is undertaken. The importance of comparative law has increased enormously in the present age of internationalism and economic globalization.
Şemsi Pasha
Sultanzade Şemsi Ahmed Pasha, known simply as Şemsi Pasha (Ottoman Turkish: شمسي أحمد پاشا; d. 5 March 1580), was an Ottoman nobleman and beylerbey who occupied several high-ranking posts, serving at various stages as the Ottoman governor-general of the beylerbeyliks of Damascus, Anatolia and Rumeli.

Damascus Eyalet
Damascus Eyalet (Arabic: إيالة دمشق; Ottoman Turkish: ایالت شام, romanized: Eyālet-i Šām) was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire. Its reported area in the 19th century was 51,900 square kilometres (20,020 sq mi). It became an eyalet after the Ottomans took it from the Mamluks following the 1516–1517 Ottoman–Mamluk War. Janbirdi al-Ghazali, a Mamluk traitor, was made the first beylerbey of Damascus. The Damascus Eyalet was one of the first Ottoman provinces to become a vilayet after an administrative reform in 1865, and by 1867 it had been reformed into the Syria Vilayet.
Warwickshire ring
The Warwickshire ring is a connected series of canals forming a circuit around the West Midlands area of England. The ring is formed from the Coventry Canal, the Oxford Canal, the Grand Union Canal, the Stratford-upon-Avon Canal and the Birmingham and Fazeley Canal. It is a popular route with tourists due to its circular route and mixture of urban and rural landscapes.

The ring totals 106 miles and has 115 locks, although there are two alternative routes through the southern part of Birmingham - from Kingswood Junction, one route follows the Grand Union Canal to Salford Junction, where it joins the Birmingham and Fazeley Canal, and the other follows the Stratford Canal (north) and Worcester and Birmingham Canal to Gas Street Basin in central Birmingham. The latter route is slightly longer and has more locks, but many consider it to be more scenic and interesting.

M42 motorway
The M42 motorway runs north east from Bromsgrove in Worcestershire to just south-west of Ashby-de-la-Zouch in Leicestershire, passing Redditch, Solihull, the National Exhibition Centre (NEC) and Tamworth on the way, serving the east of the Birmingham metropolitan area. The section between the M40 and junction 4 of the M6 forms – though unsigned as such – a part of Euroroute E05. Northwards beyond junction 11, the route is continued as the A42; the junctions on this section, 12–14, are numbered like a continuation of the motorway, but the road has non-motorway status from here.
Just Cause (video game series)
Just Cause is an action-adventure video game series created by Avalanche Studios. Originally published by Eidos Interactive and after 2009 by Square Enix's External Studios. The series consists of Just Cause, Just Cause 2, Just Cause 3, and Just Cause 4. The games are open world and take place in islands and archipelagos. Each game in the series tasks the player to overthrow the governing body of the game's setting. By May 2019, the series had shipped over 26 million copies worldwide.

The series directly draws its name from the real-life United States invasion of Panama, code-named "Operation Just Cause".

Grappling hook
A grappling hook or grapnel is a drag-looking device intended for grappling onto something. It typically has multiple hooks (known as claws or flukes) attached to a rope or cable; it is thrown, dropped, sunk, projected, or fastened directly by hand to where at least one hook may catch and hold on to objects. Generally, grappling hooks are used to temporarily secure one end of a rope. They may also be used to dredge for submerged objects.

The device was invented by the Romans in approximately 260 BC. The grappling hook was originally used in naval warfare to catch ship rigging so that it could be boarded.
2017 Newcastle 500
The 2017 Coates Hire Newcastle 500 was a motor racing event for the Supercars Championship, held on the weekend of 24 to 26 November 2017. The event was held on the Newcastle Street Circuit in Newcastle East, New South Wales and consisted of two races, 250 kilometres in length. It was the fourteenth and final event in the 2017 Supercars Championship and hosted Races 25 and 26 of the season.

The event was the first running of the Newcastle 500, following the discontinuation of the Sydney 500 at the conclusion of the 2016 season.

2016 International V8 Supercars Championship
The 2016 International V8 Supercars Championship (often simplified to the 2016 V8 Supercars Championship and known from 1 July as the 2016 Virgin Australia Supercars Championship) was an FIA-sanctioned international motor racing series for Supercars. It was the eighteenth running of the Supercars Championship and the twentieth series in which Supercars have contested the premier Australian touring car title.

Mark Winterbottom started the season as the defending drivers' champion, while Triple Eight Race Engineering were the defending teams' champions.

Shane van Gisbergen, driving for Triple Eight Race Engineering, secured his first championship title with one race remaining, winning eight races during the season. Triple Eight Race Engineering won the Teams' Championship for the seventh consecutive season. Van Gisbergen, along with Alexandre Prémat, also won the Pirtek Enduro Cup.