hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary fibrosis
Pulmonary fibrosis is typically a condition in which the lungs become scarred over time. Symptoms include shortness of breath, a dry cough, feeling tired, weight loss, and nail clubbing. Complications may include pulmonary hypertension, respiratory failure, pneumothorax, and lung cancer.

Causes include environmental pollution, certain medications, connective tissue diseases, infections, and interstitial lung diseases. But in most cases the cause is unknown (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis). Diagnosis may be based on symptoms, medical imaging, lung biopsy, and lung function tests.

No cure exists and treatment options are limited. Treatment is directed toward improving symptoms and may include oxygen therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation. Certain medications may slow the scarring. Lung transplantation may be an option. At least 5 million people are affected globally. Life expectancy is generally less than five years.

Idiopathic disease
An idiopathic disease is any disease with an unknown cause or mechanism of apparent spontaneous origin.

For some medical conditions, one or more causes are somewhat understood, but in a certain percentage of instances, the cause may not be readily apparent or characterized. In these cases, the origin of the condition is said to be idiopathic. With some other medical conditions, the root cause for a large percentage of all cases has not been established—for example, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis or ankylosing spondylitis; the majority of these cases are deemed idiopathic. Certain medical conditions, when idiopathic, notably some forms of epilepsy and stroke, are preferentially described by the synonymous term of cryptogenic.
Hassocks & Victoria (electoral division)
50°55′45″N 0°08′35″W﻿ / ﻿50.92922°N 0.14317°W﻿ / 50.92922; -0.14317

Hassocks & Victoria was an electoral division of West Sussex in the United Kingdom, and returned one member to sit on West Sussex County Council from 1997 to 2017.  In 2017 it was replaced by a new division, Hassocks & Burgess Hill South.

West Sussex County Council
West Sussex County Council is the upper tier local authority for the non-metropolitan county of West Sussex in England.

The county also contains seven district and borough councils, and 158 town, parish and neighbourhood councils. The county council has 70 elected councillors. The chief executive and directors are responsible for the day-to-day running of the council.

Since 1997, West Sussex County Council has been controlled by the Conservative Party.
Sam Grewe
Samuel Grewe (born June 10, 1998) is an American Paralympic high jumper and physician. Grewe contracted osteosarcoma on Christmas Eve of 2011 at the age of 13 which resulted in the amputation of his right leg via a unique procedure called rotationplasty. Grewe jumped for the University of Notre Dame Track and Field Team, where he studied Pre-Med and resided in Fisher Hall on campus. Grewe graduated from the University of Michigan Medical School in 2025 and now works as a Physical medicine and rehabilitation physician at Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. Grewe is also a motivational speaker, including a TED Talk that he delivered in February 2022.

Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital
The Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital is a 132-bed rehabilitation teaching hospital located in Boston, Massachusetts. It is the official teaching hospital for Harvard Medical School’s Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and the main campus of the Spaulding Rehabilitation Network. The hospital is a member of Partners Continuing Care under Mass General Brigham, a non-profit organization that owns several hospitals in Massachusetts.
Gangneung Yoo clan
Gangneung Yoo clan (Korean: 강릉 유씨; Hanja: 江陵 劉氏) is one of the Korean clans. Their bon-gwan was in Gangneung. According to the research held in 2000, the number of Gangneung Yoo clan was 178913. Their founder was Yoo Jeon who came from the Northern Song dynasty. According to their family tree, Yoo Jeon was an Emperor Gaozu of Han's 41st descendant. Yoo Jeon worked as minister of defense (兵部尚書, Bingbu Shangshu) in the Northern Song dynasty during Emperor Shenzong of Song's reign. However, he was ousted by Wang Anshi because he was a member of old policies party. As a result, he fled Goryeo. Their clans contain Geochang Yoo clan and Baecheon Yoo clan who call themselves one of the descendants of Yoo Jeon.

Emperor Shenzong of Song
Emperor Shenzong of Song (25 May 1048 – 1 April 1085), personal name Zhao Xu, was the sixth emperor of the Song dynasty of China. His original personal name was Zhao Zhongzhen but he changed it to "Zhao Xu" after he acceded to the throne. He reigned from 1067 until his death in 1085 and is best known for supporting Wang Anshi's New Policies. He was a particularly active monarch concerned with expanding Song territory and solving its fiscal, bureaucratic, and military problems through major reforms, but his reign remains controversial due to military failures and the varied effects of his changes.
Thelma Buchholdt
Thelma Garcia Buchholdt (August 1, 1934 – November 5, 2007) was a Filipino American community activist, politician, historian, public speaker, cultural worker, and author. She was elected to the Alaska House of Representatives for four consecutive terms, from 1974 through 1982. She was the author of the book Filipinos in Alaska: 1788-1958, which is now in its third printing and is available through the Anchorage Museum at Rasmuson Center.

Filipino Americans
Filipino Americans (Filipino: Mga Pilipinong Amerikano) are Americans of Filipino ancestry. Filipinos in North America were first documented in the 16th century and other small settlements beginning in the 18th century. Mass migration did not begin until after the end of the Spanish–American War at the end of the 19th century, when the Philippines was ceded from Spain to the United States in the Treaty of Paris.

As of 2022, there were almost 4.5 million Filipino Americans in the United States with large communities in California, Hawaii, Illinois, Texas, Florida, Nevada, and the New York metropolitan area. Around one third of Filipino Americans identify as multiracial or multiethnic, with 3 million reporting only Filipino ancestry and 1.5 million reporting Filipino in combination with another group.
Hossein Mozaffar
Hossein Mozaffar (Persian: حسین مظفر) is an Iranian principlist politician who was Minister of Education under President Mohammad Khatami and represented Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr in the Parliament of Iran twice. He is currently a member of the Expediency Discernment Council.

He is considered an ally of Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and close to Progress and Justice Population of Islamic Iran. Mozaffar was Ghalibaf's campaign manager in 2013 presidential election.

Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat, Eslamshahr and Pardis
Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat, Eslamshahr and Pardis (Persian: تهران، ری، شمیرانات، اسلامشهر و پردیس) is a constituency for the Parliament of Iran encompassing the metropolitan area of Tehran and some of its satellite cities.

It has 30 seats, the most among all constituencies nationwide and plays an outsized role in shaping politics nationally, having been described as a "bellwether for elite sentiment in Iran". The constituency's seats have been the most prestigious in the country because it includes the country's capital city, and has had lively press and voters.
Broxbourne Borough Council elections
One third of Broxbourne Borough Council in Hertfordshire, England is elected each year, followed by one year without election. Since the last boundary changes in 2012, 30 councillors are elected from 10 wards.

Borough of Broxbourne
The Borough of Broxbourne is a local government district with borough status in Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Cheshunt. Other settlements in the borough include Broxbourne, Hoddesdon and Waltham Cross. The eastern boundary of the district is the River Lea. The borough covers 20 square miles (52 km2) in south east Hertfordshire, and had an estimated population of 99,000 in 2021.

Much of the borough lies within the Metropolitan Green Belt which surrounds London. The western side of the borough is largely rural with extensive areas of woodland, whilst the eastern part, particularly between the A10 road and the River Lea, is generally urban. Most of the built-up parts of Broxbourne fall within the Greater London Urban Area. The Lee Valley Park lies on the borough's eastern boundary.

The borough is twinned with the Sicilian city of Sutera.
Ali Mabkhout
Ali Ahmed Mabkhout Mohsen Imran Al Hajeri (Arabic: عَلِيّ أَحْمَد مَبْخُوت مُحْسِن عِمْرَان الْهَاجِرِيّ; born 5 October 1990) is an Emirati professional footballer who plays as a forward for UAE Pro League club Al-Nasr.

Coming through the youth system, Mabkhout made his debut for Al Jazira's first team in 2009.

UAE Super Cup
The UAE Super Cup (Arabic: كأس السوبر الإماراتي) and Charity Champions Cup in the first edition (1989–90), is the curtain raiser of the United Arab Emirates football season. It is played between the previous season's Pro-League winners and President's Cup Winners.

The first edition was played on 14 September 2008.
Trek73
TREK73 is a video game based on the original Star Trek television series. It was created in 1973 by William K. Char, Perry Lee, and Dan Gee for the Hewlett-Packard 2000 minicomputer in HP Time-Shared BASIC. The game was played via teletype. Trek73 is so big that it needs the CHAIN feature of HP2000 BASIC.

Unlike many other Trek-themed games of the era, Trek73 is not derived from the well-known Star Trek by Mike Mayfield. Trek73 simulates multi-ship starship combat in a smaller play area and does not include the more strategic elements of the original, like starbases and the galactic map layout.

There are many minor variations of the original. Dave Korns adapted the code to support smart terminals, using the cursor control characters on the Hazeltine 2000 to produce an in-place updating display. In the mid-1980s, Dave Pare and Chris Williams translated the original BASIC version into C. Jeff Okamoto, Peter Yee, and others corrected and enhanced the source code.

Chain loading
Chain loading is a method used by computer programs to replace the currently executing program with a new program, using a  common data area to pass information from the current program to the new program.  It occurs in several areas of computing.

Chain loading is similar to the use of overlays. Unlike overlays, however, chain loading replaces the currently executing program in its entirety.  Overlays usually replace only a portion of the running program. Like the use of overlays, the use of chain loading increases the I/O load of an application.
Simon Desthieux
Simon Desthieux (French pronunciation: [simɔ̃ dɛstjø]; born 3 December 1991) is a French retired biathlete, both an Olympic and world champion.

He competed in the 2014 Winter Olympics for France, where he finished 45th in the sprint and 21st in the pursuit. Desthieux won his first World Championship medal in Hochfilzen 2017 when he was a part of men's relay team that became second. Next year he was a part of France's mixed relay team in the 2018 Winter Olympics and won his first Olympic gold medal. In Antholz-Anterselva 2020 won his first World Championship title with men's relay.

He announced his retirement after the 2021/22 season.

Biathlon at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's sprint
The men's sprint competition of the Sochi 2014 Olympics was held at Laura Biathlon & Ski Complex on 8 February 2014. It was 10 kilometres in length (6.2 miles).

The defending Olympic Champion was Vincent Jay of France, who has retired since the previous Olympics. The defending World Champion is Emil Hegle Svendsen of Norway.
Émilie Jolie
Émilie Jolie is a French children's musical  by Philippe Chatel and arranged by Jean-Louis Bucchi. It later became a film involving Georges Brassens, Henri Salvador, Julien Clerc, Alain Souchon, Laurent Voulzy, Louis Chedid, Françoise Hardy and Eddy Mitchell in the first rendition and Johnny Hallyday, Alain Bashung, Jacques Dutronc, Maurane, Florent Pagny, Axelle Red and Etienne Daho.

The musical has had two adaptations: a 1980 live-action TV movie (except the ostrich was performed by Diane Dufresne) and a 2011 animated adaptation.

Philip Chatel's "comédie musicale" Émilie Jolie returned in its third rendition in Paris (and later in several French towns) from October 20, 2017, to April 22, 2018, with artists such as Gloria - The Voice Kids & Kids United and Johanna Serrano.

Additionally, members of the cast of Emilie Jolie created a song called "chanel n" with the creator's name as "lluvia/SLK" as a tracker music genre in tribute to Emilie Jolie.

Florent Pagny
Florent Pagny (French pronunciation: [flɔʁɑ̃ paɲi]; born 6 November 1961) is a French singer-songwriter, musician and actor. He records his work in French, as well as in Italian, Spanish and English. His greatest hits include "N'importe quoi", "Savoir aimer" and "Ma Liberté de penser"—all three were number one in France. As of 2018, he has sold more than 6 million singles and 10 million albums, becoming the 17th best-selling artist of all time in France.
2016 Kuomintang chairmanship by-election
The 2016 Kuomintang chairmanship by-election (Chinese: 2016年中國國民黨主席補選) was held on 26 March 2016 in Taiwan. This was the seventh direct election of the party leader in Kuomintang history. All registered, due-paying KMT party members were eligible to vote.

Huang Min-hui
Huang Ming-hui (Chinese: 黃敏惠; pinyin: Huáng Mǐnghuì; born 20 January 1959) is a Taiwanese politician. She was a member of the Legislative Yuan from 1999 to 2005. Her tenure as vice chairperson of the Kuomintang (2008–16) overlapped with two terms as Mayor of Chiayi City (2005–14).
Teletriumph Awards
The Teletriumph Awards or Teletriumphs are the only national television awards of Ukraine, awarded by the National Council of Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine, the Television Industry Committee (ITC), and the Ukrainian Television Academy. The awards adopted the name "Triumph," after the Ancient Roman Latin word meaning an outstanding success, or a celebration on the occasion of a victory. Every year since the creation of the awards, the total number of submissions for consideration, the total number of nominations, and the total number of awards has changed. The awards have been indefinitely postponed since 2022, and the last awards given were in 2018.

1+1 (TV channel)
1+1 (Ukrainian: один плюс один, romanized: odyn plius odyn) is a national Ukrainian language TV channel owned by 1+1 Media Group. It has the second-largest geographic reach of any channel in Ukraine, covering 95% of Ukraine's territory.

Since 1 December 2022, the original 1+1 channel is branded as 1+1 Marafon relaying United News. The rest of its output was spun-off to an emergency channel, 1+1 Ukraine, which started broadcasting on 24 December 2022.
Kwabena Adusa Okerchiri
Kwabena Adusa Okerchiri is a Ghanaian politician and a member of parliament representing the New Patriotic Party for the  Nkawkaw constituency in the Eastern region of Ghana. He served his term in three consecutive parliaments from the Second till the Fourth parliament of the fourth republic of Ghana from 1996 to 2004. He was then taken over by Seth Adjei Baah.

Eastern Region (Ghana)
The Eastern Region is located in the eastern part of Ghana and is one of the sixteen administrative regions of Ghana. Eastern Region is bordered to the east by the Lake Volta, to the north by Bono East Region and Ashanti region, to the west by Ashanti Region, to the south by Central Region and Greater Accra Region. Akans are the dominant inhabitants and natives of Eastern Region, and Akan, Ewe, Krobo, Hausa and English are the main spoken languages. The capital town of Eastern Region is Koforidua. The Eastern Region is the location of the Akosombo Dam, and the economy of the Eastern Region is dominated by its high-capacity electricity generation. Eastern Region covers an area of 19,323 square kilometres, which is about 8.1% of Ghana's total landform.
Pleasant Hill School (Lineville, Iowa)
The Pleasant Hill School, also known as the Little Red School House, is a historic building located north of Lineville in rural Wayne County, Iowa, United States.  It was built in 1881 on land that had been purchased for educational purposes in 1873, and it housed a one-room school until 1958. The Grand River Independent School District donated the school building to the Wayne County Historical Society.  They maintain it as it was when it served as a schoolhouse.  The interior furnishings are authentic, if not original to the building.  The school yard is maintained as a roadside park along U.S. 65.  The building follows a rectangular plan that is three bays long and two bays wide.  It is capped with a gable roof.  A small entryway is located on the south side of the structure.  The school building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

Wayne County, Iowa
Wayne County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,497, making it the sixth-least populous county in Iowa. The county seat and the largest city is Corydon.
Oeceoclades latifolia
Oeceoclades latifolia is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus Oeceoclades that is endemic to São Tomé Island. It was first described by the British botanist Robert Allen Rolfe in 1891 as Eulophia latifolia, then moved to the genus Eulophidium by V.S. Summerhayes in 1957 and again moved to the genus Oeceoclades in 1976 by Leslie Andrew Garay and Peter Taylor. Garay and Taylor noted that O. latifolia is similar in vegetative morphology to O. atrovirens but the floral structure is more similar to O. ugandae. The lateral veins on the labellum are fringed with small hairs, a characteristic that is shared with O. pandurata, O. seychellarum, and O. lanceata.

Robert Allen Rolfe
Robert Allen Rolfe (1855, Wilford, Nottinghamshire – 1921, Richmond, Surrey) was an English botanist specialising in the study of orchids. For a time he worked in the gardens at Welbeck Abbey. He entered Kew in 1879 and became second assistant.

He was the first curator of the orchid herbarium at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, founded the magazine The Orchid Review, and published many papers on hybrids of different species of orchids.

The genus Allenrolfea of amaranths was named after him by Carl Ernst Otto Kuntze.

Rolfe was buried in Richmond Cemetery.
Jean-Pierre Bernard
Jean-Pierre Bernard (22 January 1933 – 7 July 2017) was a French film, television and stage actor. He appeared in many French films over a 50-year period and became known internationally for his portrayal of a French climber named Jean-Paul Montaigne in the 1975 film The Eiger Sanction that was directed by and starred Clint Eastwood.

Bernard studied at the French National Academy of Dramatic Arts. His French language film appearances include: Adelaide (1968) directed by Jean-Daniel Simon, Le Soulier de satin (1985) directed by Manoel de Oliveira and Mon ami le traître (1988) directed by José Giovanni .

Jean-Daniel Simon
Jean-Daniel Simon (30 November 1942 – 3 February 2021) was a French film director, screenwriter and actor. He directed eight films between 1968 and 1985. In 1975 he was a member of the jury at the 9th Moscow International Film Festival.
Don Metz (architect)
Donald Metz (born 24 November 1940) is an architect known for his earth-integrated house that was built in the 1970s to take advantage of thermal insulation.

"The Metz House" was featured in Xanadu: The Computerized Home of Tomorrow (ISBN 0-87491-701-8) describing its similarities to the Xanadu House. Metz lives with his family in Lyme, New Hampshire.

Lyme, New Hampshire
Lyme is a town along the Connecticut River in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,745 as of the 2020 census. Lyme is home to the Chaffee Natural Conservation Area. The Dartmouth Skiway is in the eastern part of town, near the village of Lyme Center. The Appalachian Trail passes through the town's heavily wooded eastern end.
2025–26 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup
The 2025–26 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup, organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS), is the upcoming 35th (33rd official) Continental Cup winter season and the 24th summer season for men as the second level of international ski jumping competitions.

Since 2023/24 women are competing in a newly created FIS Inter Continental Cup (2nd level equal to Continental Cup competition) merging FIS Continental Cup and FIS Cup.

Summer season on plastic mate (with total 6 individual events) started in Stams, Austria started on 13 September 2025 and concluded in Klingenthal, Germany on 19 October 2025.

Winter season with 24 individual events in total (11 different venues) will start in Ruka, Finland on 13 December 2025 and will conclude in Zakopane, Poland on 22 March 2025.

Clemens Aigner is the defending summer overall and Markus Müller winter overall champions.

FIS Cup (ski jumping)
The FIS Cup (ski jumping) is a series of ski jumping competitions arranged yearly by the International Ski Federation. It is considered the third level of international ski jumping, ranking below the World Cup and the Continental Cup. Most of the events are held on normal hills, with a construction point of 90 meters. Jumpers rarely compete the entire season in the FIS Cup. If a jumper performs well in the FIS Cup, he is often moved up to the Continental Cup. Men's circuit was introduced in 2005/06 and women started their first season in 2012/13

Higher competitive circuits are the World Cup, the Summer Grand Prix and the Continental Cup; the lower circuits include the FIS Race and the Alpen Cup.
Old Trail School (Bath, Ohio)
Old Trail School is an independent coeducational day school, serving toddler though grade 8, founded in 1920. It is in Bath, Ohio, in Cuyahoga Valley National Park, and is the only independent school in the United States that is in a national park.

Eighth grade
Eighth grade (also 8th grade or Grade 8) is the eighth year of formal or compulsory education in the United States. The eighth grade is the third or fourth (and typically final) year of middle school. Students in eighth grade are usually 13–14 years old. Different terms and numbers are used in other parts of the world.
MBB Basketball
Made by Ball Blue Soldiers, commonly known as MBB or MBB Blue Soldiers, is a South African basketball team based in Johannesburg. The team plays in the Basketball National League (BNL), the highest level of basketball in the country, following their promotion in 2024. They have won one National Championship title in 2024.

They made their debut in the Basketball Africa League (BAL) in the 2025 season.

Inner City Super League
The Inner City Super League (ICSL) is a South African semi-professional basketball league for men's and women's teams in Greater Johannesburg, as well as other places in Gauteng. It was founded in 2013 and most of the teams participating are based in the Gauteng province. The league has two men's division, one women's division as well as a junior division.

The league was founded by players from the Braamfontein Blues. Each season usually runs from February to May. In the men's category, Jozi Nuggets and the Braamfontein Blues are the most successful teams with three titles each. Phoenix is the most decorated women's team with four league titles.