hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Solar eclipse of April 9, 1986
A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Wednesday, April 9, 1986, with a magnitude of 0.8236. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Antarctica, Australia, Indonesia, and New Zealand.

Magnitude of eclipse
The magnitude of eclipse is the fraction of the angular diameter of a celestial body being eclipsed. This applies to all celestial eclipses. The magnitude of a partial or annular solar eclipse is always between 0.0 and 1.0, while the magnitude of a total solar eclipse is always greater than or equal to 1.0, and has a theoretically maximum value of around 1.12.

This measure is strictly a ratio of diameters and should not be confused with the covered fraction of the apparent area (disk) of the eclipsed body. Neither should it be confused with the astronomical magnitude scale of apparent brightness.
2008 Setanta Sports Cup
The 2008 Setanta Sports Cup was the 4th staging of the Setanta Sports Cup, a cross-border cup competition featuring football clubs from the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. The final was played on November 1, 2008, at Turners Cross in Cork.

Setanta Sports Cup
The Setanta Sports Cup was a club football competition featuring teams from both football associations on the island of Ireland. Inaugurated in 2005, it was a cross-border competition between clubs in the League of Ireland from the Republic of Ireland and the NIFL Premiership from Northern Ireland. The cup was sponsored by Setanta Sports, the Irish subscription sports television network. The competition was discontinued after the 2014 edition. A successor competition, the Champions Cup, was announced in 2019.
Gurara Waterfalls
Gurara Waterfalls is located in Gurara, a local government area of Niger State, North Central Nigeria. The waterfalls is approximately 30 metres in height and it lies on the Gurara River along the Suleja-Minna Road.

Geopolitical zones of Nigeria
The Federal Republic of Nigeria is divided into six geopolitical zones, commonly called zones. They are a type of administrative division grouping the country's states, created during the regime of president General Sani Abacha. Nigerian economic, political, and educational resources are often shared across the zones.: 98

The six zones were not entirely carved out based on geographic location, but rather states with similar ethnic groups, and/or common political history were classified in the same zones. Nigeria is made up of approximately 400 ethnic groups and 525 languages. There was a need for the government to merge similar groups for the effective allocation of resources.
Capsanthin
Capsanthin is a natural red dye of the xanthophyll class of carotenoids. As a food coloring, it has the E number E160c(i).  Capsanthin is the main carotenoid in the Capsicum annuum species of plants including red bell pepper, New Mexico chile, and cayenne peppers (Capsicum annuum) and a component of paprika oleoresin. Capsanthin is also found in some species of lily. Of all carotenoids, capsanthin is considered to have the greatest antioxidant capacity due to the presence of eleven conjugated double bonds, a conjugated keto group, and a cyclopentane ring.

Cayenne pepper
The cayenne pepper is a type of Capsicum annuum. It is usually a hot chili pepper used to flavor dishes. Cayenne peppers are a group of tapering, 10 to 25 cm long, generally skinny, mostly red-colored peppers, often with a curved tip and somewhat rippled skin, which hang from the bush as opposed to growing upright. Most varieties are generally rated at 30,000 to 50,000 Scoville units.

The fruits are generally dried and ground to make the powdered spice of the same name. However, cayenne powder may be a blend of different types of peppers, quite often not containing cayenne peppers, and may or may not contain the seeds.

Cayenne is used in cooking spicy dishes either as a powder or in its whole form. It is also used as an herbal supplement, due to its active compound, capsaicin. They are also nutritious and they are especially rich in provitamin A, carotenoids and vitamin C.
Miller 200
There have been four races named Miller 200:

Miller 200 (Rougemont), a NASCAR Busch Series race held at Orange County Speedway in 1984

Miller 200 (South Boston), a NASCAR Busch Series race held at South Boston Speedway in 1985

Miller 200 (Martinsville), a NASCAR Busch Series race held at Martinsville Speedway in 1985

Miller 200 (CART), a CART PPG Indy Car World Series race held at the Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course from 1996 to 1997

NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series at Martinsville Speedway
Stock car racing events in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series have been held at Martinsville Speedway, in Martinsville, Virginia during numerous seasons and times of year since the series’ inception in 1982. Races were first held from 1982 to 1994, and a one-off race occurred in July 2006. In October 2020, the series returned after a 14-year absence, adding a second date in 2021.
Kut (spider)
Kut is a genus of Middle Eastern woodlouse hunting spiders. The type species was first described by Paolo Brignoli from a male found in Turkey, and it was placed with Harpactocrates. In a 1988 study, Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold expressed doubt of the holotype's placement, but it wasn't transferred to its own genus until 2019. Two other species were identified, all with the same distinctive pedipalp features, including a pear-shaped tegulum with an otherwise featureless embolus. As of April 2022 it contains only three species: K. dimensis, K. izmiricus, and K. troglophilus.

Paolo Brignoli
Paolo Marcello Brignoli (25 April 1942 – 8 July 1986) was a prominent Italian entomologist. He studied a broad range of arachnid groups, including Araneidae, Acari, Ricinulei, Palpigradi, Schizomida, Opiliones, and Amblypygi. His research mainly focused on evolutionary systematics, taxonomy, and biogeography. Over the course of his career, he described 23 new genera and 367 new species belonging to 33 different arachnid families. The International Society of Arachnology's Brignoli Award is named in his honor.
Polly Bradfield
Polly Bradfield is an American violinist from the New York City free improvisation scene of the late 1970s and early 1980s. Her closest musical associates were Eugene Chadbourne and John Zorn. She also played on records by William Parker and Frank Lowe. Her music career ended when she moved to California sometime in the 1980s. Her last appearance on record was on Zorn's The Big Gundown in 1986.

William Parker (musician)
William Parker (born January 10, 1952) is an American free jazz double bassist. Beginning in the 1980s, Parker played with Cecil Taylor for over a decade, and he has led the Little Huey Creative Music Orchestra since 1981. The Village Voice named him "the most consistently brilliant free jazz bassist of all time" and DownBeat has called him "one of the most adventurous and prolific bandleaders in jazz".
Post Town, Minnesota
Post Town is an unincorporated community in Kalmar Township, Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States, near Byron.  The community is located near the junction of Olmsted County Roads 103 and 105 and is northeast of the nearby Oxbow Park and Zollman Zoo.

Byron, Minnesota
There are also two Byron Townships in Minnesota.

Byron is a city in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States. About 10 miles west of the city of Rochester and 6 miles east of the city of Kasson on U.S. Route 14. It is surrounded by Kalmar Township. The population was 6,312 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 6,809 in 2024. Byron is part of the Rochester metropolitan area.

Local industries are in the form of farm services and printing. A grain elevator is situated next to the rail line that runs through town, which is owned by the Dakota, Minnesota and Eastern Railroad. Schmidt Printing (a subsidiary of Taylor Corporation) is another major company in town. Byron is also a bedroom community for nearby Rochester, Minnesota.
Springthorpe (surname)
Springthorpe is a village in Lincolnshire, England.

Springthorpe is also a surname. Notable people with this name include:

Harry Springthorpe (1886–1915), English footballer

John Springthorpe (1855–1933), Australian physician

Mason Springthorpe (born 1994), English footballer

Rick Springfield (born 1949) Grammy winning singer was born Richard Springthorpe

Terry Springthorpe (1923–2003), English-born footballer

Springthorpe
Springthorpe is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 138.  It is situated approximately 4 miles (6 km) east from the town of Gainsborough.

Springthorpe is listed in Domesday Book as "Springetorp", consisting of 21 households and a church.

The limestone parish church, which is dedicated to Saint Lawrence and Saint George, is a Grade I listed building dating from the 11th century, and restored in 1865. The font is 13th-century.

The deserted medieval village of "Sturgate" or "Stourgate" was in the parish, and was documented from the end of the 12th century.
Enhanced full rate
Enhanced Full Rate or EFR or GSM-EFR or GSM 06.60 is a speech coding standard that was developed in order to improve the quality of GSM.

Enhanced Full Rate was developed by Nokia and the Université de Sherbrooke (Canada). In 1995, ETSI selected the Enhanced Full Rate voice codec as the industry standard codec for GSM/DCS.

Université de Sherbrooke
The Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS; English: University of Sherbrooke) is a French-language public research university in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, with a second campus in Longueuil, a suburb on the South Shore of Montreal. It is one of two universities in the Estrie region of Quebec (the other one being Bishop's University), and the only French-language university for the region.

As of 2022, the Université de Sherbrooke is home to 31,000 students, and an additional 3,000 older learners (age 50+) in continuing education in its "University of the Third Age". Of its 7,400 employees, about 4,000 are teaching staff. The university has over 100,000 graduates and offers 46 undergraduate, 48 master's and 27 doctoral programs. It holds a total of 61 research chairs, among which are the pharmacology, microelectronics, statistical learning, and environment research chairs.
Herpothallon viridi-isidiatum
Herpothallon viridi-isidiatum is a species of crustose lichen in the family Arthoniaceae. Found in China, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by Pengfei Chen and Lulu Zhang. The type was collected from the Baiyun Protection Station (Jingning County, Zhejiang) at an altitude of almost 1,300 m (4,300 ft); here, the lichen was found growing on the bark of Cunninghamia lanceolata. The species epithet viridi-isidiatum refers to the greenish-coloured pseudisidia. Gyrophoric acid, lecanoric acid, and umbilicaric acid are all lichen products that have been identified in this lichen.

Lecanoric acid
Lecanoric acid is a chemical produced by several species of lichen. Lecanoric acid is classified as a polyphenol and a didepside, and it functions as an antioxidant. It is an ester of orsellinic acid with itself.

The acid is named after the lichen Lecanora, in which it was discovered. The acid has also been isolated from Usnea subvacata, Parmotrema stuppuem, Parmotrema tinctorum, Parmotrema grayana, Xanthoparmelia arida and Xanthoparmelia lecanorica. A related compound, 5-chlorolecanoric acid, is found in some species of Punctelia.
Oroumon
Oroumon, also known as Ouroumon is a town in the Ouenou arrondissement in the Borgou Department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Nikki. According to the population census in 2013, the village had a total population of 957.

9°52′49″N 3°19′54″E﻿ / ﻿09.88027°N 03.331752°E﻿ / 09.88027; 03.331752

Borgou Department
Borgou [bɔʁ.ɡu] is one of the twelve departments of Benin. Borgou borders the country of Nigeria and the departments of Alibori, Atakora, Collines and Donga. The capital of Borgou is Parakou. The department of Borgou was bifurcated in 1999, with its northern territory transferred to the newly created Alibori Department.

According to the 2013 census, the total population of the department was 1,214,249, with 607,013 males and 607,236 females. The proportion of women was 50.00%. The total rural population was 56.40%, while the urban population was 43.60%. The total labour force in the department was 271,652, of which 25.20% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 64.30%.
Digimap
Digimap is a web mapping and online data delivery service developed by the EDINA national data centre for UK academia. It offers a range of on-line mapping and data download facilities which provide maps and spatial data from Ordnance Survey, British Geological Survey, Landmark Information Group and OceanWise Ltd Ltd., (marine mapping data and charts from the UK Hydrographic Office), Getmapping Ltd, the Environment Agency, OpenStreetMap, CollinsBartholomew Ltd, and various other sources.

Digimap is available to members of subscribing higher and further education institutions in the UK. The service is free at the point of use but requires individual registration. Institutional subscription fees are based on an institutional banding system devised by JISC Collections Archived 11 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine.

Web mapping
Web mapping or an online mapping is the process of using, creating, and distributing maps on the World Wide Web (the Web), usually through the use of Web geographic information systems (Web GIS). A web map or an online map is both served and consumed, thus, web mapping is more than just web cartography, it is an interactive service where consumers may choose what the map will show.
Armed forces in Wales
The Armed forces in Wales are the military bases and organisation in Wales or associated with Wales. This includes servicemen and women from Wales and the wider British Armed Forces.

The Military in Wales includes the three services. The Army (regular and reserve) has bases in various locations across Wales, the RAF is primarily represented by RAF Valley on Anglesey (Ynys Môn) with a reserve Squadron in Cardiff and the Navy also has a Reserve Unit in Cardiff.

Out of the armed services, the Army has the largest presence in Wales, with over 1,400 personnel. 3,230 military and civilian personnel are based in Wales. There were also over 60 Ministry of Defence establishments and bases; including reserve centres and training facilities.

In the 2021 census, around 115,000 people in Wales reported that they had previously served in the armed forces, around 4.5% of usual residents in Wales aged 16 years or older.

Welsh Government
The Welsh Government (Welsh: Llywodraeth Cymru, pronounced [ɬəˈwɔdraːɨθ ˈkəmrɨ]) is the devolved government of Wales. It consists of cabinet secretaries and ministers. The government is led by the first minister, usually the leader of the largest party in the Senedd (Welsh Parliament; Welsh: Senedd Cymru), who selects ministers with the approval of the Senedd. The government is responsible for tabling policy in devolved areas (such as health, education, economic development, transport and local government) for consideration by the Senedd and implementing policy that has been approved by it.

The current Welsh Government is a Labour minority administration, following the 2021 Senedd election. It is led by Eluned Morgan who has been the first minister of Wales since August 2024.
Frederikslund
Frederikslund is a former country house now located in the middle of a neighbourhood of single-family detached homes at Frederikslundsvej 21 in Holte, Rudersdal Municipality. some 20 km north of central Copenhagen, Denmark. The building was completed in 1803 to a  Neoclassical design by Joseph-Jacques Ramée. It was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1978.

Frederikslund Skov, a small woodland between Furesø and the Hillerød rail line, takes its name after the property..

Rudersdal Municipality
Rudersdal Municipality (Danish: Rudersdal Kommune) is a part suburban, part rural municipality (Danish, kommune) located on the northern outskirts of Copenhagen, Denmark. It covers an area of 73 km2 and has a population of 57,342 (1 January 2025). The distance from Copenhagen City Hall Square is approximately 20 km. The western part of the municipality is served by the Hillerød radial of the S-train network while the eastern part is served by the Coast Line. Administratively Rudersdal Municipality belongs to Region Hovedstaden.

On 1 January 2007 Rudersdal municipality was created as the result of 2007 Danish Municipal Reform, consisting of the former municipalities of Søllerød and Birkerød.

Its mayor as of 2022 is Ann Sofie Orth. She is a member of the Conservative Party political party. Rudersdal Town Hall (formerly Søllerød Town Hall), completed in 1942, was designed by Arne Jacobsen and Flemming Lassen.
Aériane Swift
The Aériane Swift  is a lightweight (48 kg) foot-launched tailless sailplane whose rigid wings have a span of 40 feet (12 m). The Swift has been succeeded by the "Swift'Lite".

Although designed in California, Swift aircraft are now manufactured by Aériane, a European firm based in Gembloux, Belgium. Aériane first manufactured the Swift under licence, but the firm is now the sole manufacturer.

Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined, so they can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude.

In North America, the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common.
International Collegiate Programming Contest
The International Collegiate Programming Contest (ICPC) is an annual multi-tiered competitive programming competition among the universities of the world.  Directed by ICPC Executive Director and Baylor Professor William B. Poucher, the ICPC operates autonomous regional contests covering six continents culminating in a global World Finals every year. In 2018, ICPC participation included 52,709 students from 3,233 universities in 110 countries.

The ICPC operates under the auspices of the ICPC Foundation and operates under agreements with host universities and non-profits, all in accordance with the ICPC Policies and Procedures. From 1977 until 2017 ICPC was held under the auspices of ACM and was referred to as ACM-ICPC.

Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) is a public university in Shanghai, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction. It is a member of the C9 League.

SJTU was founded as Nanyang Public School in 1896. It was merged into Jiao Tong University in 1921, before gaining its current name in 1959. The university currently has 33 schools, 12 affiliated hospitals, 2 affiliated medical research institutes, 23 directly affiliated units, and 5 directly affiliated enterprises.
Governor of Stavropol Krai
The Governor of Stavropol Krai (Russian: Губернатор Ставропольского края) is the head of government of Stavropol Krai, a federal subject of Russia.

The position was introduced in 1991 as Head of Administration of Stavropol Krai. The Governor is elected by direct popular vote for a term of five years.

Head of administration
Head of administration (Russian: Глава администрации, Glava administratsii) is one of the official titles for appointed or elected head of a local government in Russian Federation. In many federal districts, regions, and cities, the position as head of administration is the equivalent to that of the mayor, governor, or the head of local government.
Rounding fraud
Rounding fraud is a type of financial fraud using round numbers. It is frequently caught by the over usage of certain statistically improbable number patterns. A notable example of rounding fraud was committed by the India-based company Satyam Computer Services which was detected in 2019, and it is typical in the context of Medicare fraud at Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNFs). It is also an element in microtransaction scams involving credit cards and front companies.

Medicare fraud
In the United States, Medicare fraud is the claiming of Medicare health care reimbursement to which the claimant is not entitled. There are many different types of Medicare fraud, all of which have the same goal: to collect money from the Medicare program illegitimately.

The total amount of Medicare fraud is difficult to track, because not all fraud is detected and not all suspicious claims turn out to be fraudulent. According to the Office of Management and Budget, Medicare "improper payments" were $47.9 billion in 2010, but some of these payments later turned out to be valid. The Congressional Budget Office estimates that total Medicare spending was $528 billion in 2010.
Pforzheimer House
Pforzheimer House, nicknamed Pfoho (FOE-hoe) and formerly named North House, is one of twelve undergraduate residential Houses at Harvard University. It was named in 1995 for Carol K. and Carl Howard Pforzheimer Jr, major University and Radcliffe College benefactors, and their family.

Located in the Radcliffe Quadrangle, Pforzheimer House comprises Ada Louise Comstock, Daniel Henry Holmes, Mary Buckminster Moors, and Wolbach Halls, in addition to Faculty Row and the Jordan North and South buildings. Pforzheimer is known for having strong house community and one of the highest transfer-in rates of any Harvard House.

Pforzheimer House's shield features black and crimson squares on a crimson and black field; its mascot is the polar bear. The current faculty deans are Erica Chenoweth and Zoe Marks.

Erica Chenoweth
Erica Chenoweth (born April 22, 1980) is an American political scientist and professor of public policy at the Harvard Kennedy School and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study. They are known for their research work on nonviolent civil resistance movements.
Sinivuori Strict Nature Reserve
Sinivuori Strict Nature Reserve (Sinivuoren luonnonpuisto) is a strict nature reserve located in the Pirkanmaa region of Finland. It is one of three small strict nature reserves in Finland, alongside Karkali and Vesijako, that are designated specifically as scientific reserves "consisting of small areas of valuable habitat types." There are no paths in this reserve of deciduous forest, though walking on the crossing roads is allowed. Most of the forests of this type in Finland have been logged down, when fields were created.

Field (agriculture)
In agriculture, a field is an area of land, enclosed or otherwise, used for agricultural purposes such as cultivating crops or as a paddock or enclosure for livestock.  A field may also be an area left to lie fallow or as arable land.

Many farms have a field border, usually composed of a strip of shrubs and vegetation, used to provide food and cover necessary for the survival of wildlife. It has been found that these borders may lead to an increased variety of animals and plants in the area, but also in some cases a decreased yield of crops.