hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ishikawa Ongakudō
Ishikawa Ongakudō (石川県立音楽堂, Ishikawa kenritsu ongakudō) is a concert hall in Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. It opened in 2001 and has two principal performances spaces: the shoebox-style Concert Hall, which seats 1,560; and the Hōgaku Hall, with a capacity of 720, for traditional Japanese music, kabuki, and bunraku. The walls of the main auditorium are finished with urushi. Yoshinobu Ashihara was the architect with acoustic design by Nagata Acoustics, who trialled their concept with a 1:10 scale model. The organ, with sixty-nine stops, is by the Karl Schuke company. Orchestra Ensemble Kanazawa is the resident orchestra.

Kanazawa
Kanazawa (金沢市, Kanazawa-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ka.naꜜ.(d)za.wa, ka.na.(d)za.waꜜ.ɕi]) is the capital of Ishikawa Prefecture in central Japan. As of 1 January 2018, the city had an estimated population of 466,029 in 203,271 households, and a population density of 990 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 468.64 square kilometres (180.94 sq mi).
1933 Greek coup attempt
On the morning of March 6, 1933, following the parliamentary elections held on March 5, a military operation commenced in Athens, Greece under the leadership of the retired Lieutenant General Nikolaos Plastiras. Plastiras, who had withdrawn from political involvement since 1924, re-emerged to obstruct the People's Party from establishing a government, in support of the "National Coalition". This movement came in the wake of the electoral victory of the United Opposition, a coalition opposing Eleftherios Venizelos, spearheaded by Panagios Tsaldaris of the People's Party.

Evidence strongly suggests that Nikolaos Plastiras, the principal architect of the coup, proceeded with at least the tacit approval, if not the active encouragement, of Eleftherios Venizelos who was motivated by the poor results of the 1933 Greek legislative election.

Military operation
A military operation (op) is the coordinated military actions of a state, or a non-state actor, in response to a developing situation. These actions are designed as a military plan to resolve the situation in the state or actor's favor. Operations may be of a combat or non-combat nature and may be referred to by a code name for the purpose of national security. Military operations are often known for their more generally accepted common usage names than their actual operational objectives.
Helsinki Air Defence Regiment
The Helsinki Air Defence Regiment (Helsingin Ilmatorjuntarykmentti, HELITR) is a unit of the Armoured Brigade in Parola. The regiment was previously an independent Finnish Army unit located in Hyrylä (in Tuusula municipality, some 30 km north of Helsinki). The regiment trained 800 conscripts per year.

In 2005 the Minister of Defence Seppo Kääriäinen announced that the garrison in Hyrylä would be closed as part of a cost-saving restructuring of the Finnish Defence Forces. On January 1, 2007, the operations of the regiment moved to the Armoured Brigade in Parola. Closing the Hyrylä garrison saves the Defence Forces about 5 million euro per year.

Seppo Kääriäinen
Seppo Arimo Kääriäinen (born 29 March 1948 in Iisalmen maalaiskunta) is a Finnish politician of the Centre Party and Doctor in Social Sciences.  He served as the Minister of Defence of Finland between from 24 June 2003 to 19 April 2007. He has been MP since 1987 and was Minister of Trade and Industry and Minister at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1993–1995. He also served as the First Deputy Speaker of the Parliament of Finland.
Jayme Cramer
Jayme Oliver Cramer (born January 20, 1983) is an American competition swimmer who specializes in backstroke and butterfly events.  He has represented the United States as a member of the national swim team in the FINA world championships and the Pan American Games.

Cramer won the bronze medal in the men's 100-meter backstroke at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.  Two years later, at the 2005 World Aquatics Championships (long-course) in Montreal, Quebec, he won gold medals in the 4×200-meter freestyle and 4×200-meter freestyle.  At the 2006 short-course world championships in Shanghai, China, he won a silver medal in the 4x100-meter medley relay, and bronze medals in the 4x200-meter freestyle relay and 100-meter butterfly.

He is a 2001 graduate of St. Xavier High School in Cincinnati, Ohio.

Cramer now resides in Louisiana with his family, where he is the CFO and Head Coach for Crawfish Aquatics.

Butterfly stroke
Butterfly (shortened to fly) is a swimming stroke swum on the front, with both arms moving symmetrically, accompanied by the butterfly kick (also known as the "dolphin kick") along with the movement of the hips and chest.

It is the newest swimming style swum in competition, first swum in the early 1950s and originating from breaststroke.

For most competitive swimmers, butterfly is the second fastest stroke, only slower than front crawl.
Anime Milwaukee
Anime Milwaukee (AMKE) is an annual three-day anime convention held during February at the Baird Center and Hilton Milwaukee City Center in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It is Wisconsin's largest anime convention.

Anime and manga convention
An anime and manga convention (often called just anime convention) is a fan convention with a primary focus on anime, manga, and Japanese culture. Anime conventions are commonly multi-day events hosted at convention centers, hotels, or college campuses. They feature a wide variety of activities and panels, with a larger number of attendees participating in cosplay than most other types of fan conventions. Anime conventions are also used as a vehicle for industry, in which studios, distributors, and publishers represent their anime related releases. They also take place in multiple different countries, such as Japan, South Korea, China, India, Indonesia, the United States, Canada, Brazil, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Germany, Italy, Croatia, Spain, Norway, and Finland.
Alexis Mousseau
Alexis Mousseau (December 5, 1767 – January 28, 1848) was a farmer and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Warwick from 1820 to 1824 and from 1827 to 1830 and Berthier from 1830 to 1838 in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada.

He was born in Berthier, Lower Canada, the son of Jean-Baptiste Mousseau and Marie-Catherine Laferrière. In 1793, he married Marie-Anne Piette. Mousseau served as a captain in the militia. He generally supported the Parti patriote and voted in support of the Ninety-Two Resolutions. Mousseau died in Berthier at the age of 80.

His daughter Geneviève married Pierre-Eustache Dostaler. His grandson Omer Dostaler served in the provincial assembly and his grandsons Joseph-Alfred Mousseau and Joseph Octave Mousseau were members of the Canadian House of Commons.

Parti canadien
The Parti canadien (French pronunciation: [paʁti kanadjɛ̃]) or Parti patriote (pronounced [paʁti patʁiɔt]) was a primarily francophone political party in what is now Quebec founded by members of the liberal elite of Lower Canada at the beginning of the 19th century. Its members were made up of liberal professionals and small-scale merchants, including François Blanchet, Pierre-Stanislas Bédard, John Neilson, Jean-Thomas Taschereau, James Stuart, Louis Bourdages, Denis-Benjamin Viger, Daniel Tracey, Edmund Bailey O'Callaghan, Andrew Stuart and Louis-Joseph Papineau.
Karl Wieghardt
Karl Wieghardt (born 25 July 1942, in Göttingen) is a German inorganic chemist and emeritus director of the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion in Mülheim.  He was active in the preparation and detailed characterization of models for iron and manganese metalloenzymes, metal complexes of noninnocent ligands, and magnetic interactions in polynuclear metal complexes.

Mülheim
Mülheim, officially Mülheim an der Ruhr (German pronunciation: [ˈmyːlhaɪm ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈʁuːɐ̯] ⓘ, lit. 'Mülheim on the Ruhr'; Low German: Mölm; Kölsch: Müllem) and also described as "City on the River", is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia in western Germany. It is located in the Ruhr Area between Duisburg, Essen, Oberhausen and Ratingen. It is home to many companies, and two Max Planck Institutes.

Mülheim an der Ruhr was granted city rights in 1808, and a century later its population surpassed 100,000, officially making it a major city.
Summer of Sorcery Live! At the Beacon Theatre
Summer of Sorcery Live! At the Beacon Theatre is the third live album and video released by Little Steven in 2021.  The album was recorded live in concert on November 6, 2019, during the band's "Summer of Sorcery" world tour at the Beacon Theatre in New York City.  The performance was issued in 3 CD, 5 LP, and Blu-ray formats.

Steven Van Zandt
Steven Van Zandt (né Lento; born November 22, 1950), also known as Little Steven or Miami Steve, is an American musician and actor. He is a member of Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band, in which he plays guitar and mandolin. He has appeared in several television drama series, including as Silvio Dante in The Sopranos (1999–2007) and as Frank Tagliano/Giovanni 'Johnny' Henriksen in Lilyhammer (2012–2014). Van Zandt has his own solo band called Little Steven and the Disciples of Soul, intermittently active since the 1980s.

In 2014, Van Zandt was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the E Street Band. Van Zandt has produced music, written songs, and had his own songs covered by Springsteen, Meat Loaf, Darlene Love, Ronnie Spector,
Nancy Sinatra, Pearl Jam, Southside Johnny, Artists United Against Apartheid, and the Iron City Houserockers, among others.
Dispute over the oldest school in the Philippines
The oldest universities, colleges, vocational schools and the first modern public education system in Asia were created during the Spanish colonial period. The earliest schools were founded by Spanish Catholic missionaries. By the time Spain was replaced by the United States as the colonial power, Filipinos were among the most educated people in all of Asia. Of the many educational institutions established during the colonial era, only a few remain extant today, such as the University of Santo Tomas (1611), Colegio de San Juan de Letran (1620), Real Colegio de Santa Potenciana (1590), Universidad de San Ignacio (1590), Colegio de San Ildefonso (1595), Santa Isabel College Manila (1632), and the Universidad de San Felipe de Austria (1640), among others.

The title of the oldest in the Philippines, however, have been topic for debate between two educational institutions: the University of Santo Tomas and the University of San Carlos.

Catholic missions
Missionary work of the Catholic Church has often been undertaken outside the geographically defined parishes and dioceses by religious orders who have people and material resources to spare, and some of which specialized in missions. Eventually, parishes and dioceses would be organized worldwide, often after an intermediate phase as an apostolic prefecture or apostolic vicariate. Catholic mission has predominantly been carried out by the Latin Church in practice.

In the Roman Curia, missionary work is organised by the Dicastery for Evangelisation.
Raventhorpe
Raventhorpe is a hamlet in North Lincolnshire, England. It is located just east of Scunthorpe, and south east of Scunthorpe Steelworks, adjacent to the A18. Raventhorpe was described in the Domesday Book as a settlement in the hundred of Manley, with 9 households in the year 1086. Immediately south west of Raventhorpe Farm is the site of a scheduled monument, which consists of medieval earthworks and the buried remains of several buildings. In the early 1870s Raventhorpe was described by John Marius Wilson in the Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales as "a hamlet in Appleby parish, Lincoln; 4¼ miles W of Glanford-Brigg".

Raventhorpe Solar PV Park is located to the east of Raventhorpe, commissioned in March 2015 and developed by Kinetica Solar and WElink Energy UK.

John Marius Wilson
John Marius Wilson (c. 1805–1885) was a British writer and an editor, most notable for his gazetteers. The Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales (published 1870–1872), was a substantial topographical dictionary in six volumes. It was a companion to his Imperial Gazetteer of Scotland, published 1854–1857.

He was born in Lochmaben, Dumfriesshire, in about 1805, and was ordained as a Congregationalist minister, working for a time in County Galway, Ireland. From the late 1840s onwards, he devoted himself to writing and editing, living in Edinburgh, where he died in 1885, aged 80.
Matrix equivalence
In linear algebra, two rectangular m-by-n matrices A and B are called equivalent if

for some invertible n-by-n matrix P and some invertible m-by-m matrix Q. Equivalent matrices represent the same linear transformation V → W under two different choices of a pair of bases of V and W, with P and Q being the change of basis matrices in V and W respectively.

The notion of equivalence should not be confused with that of similarity, which is only defined for square matrices, and is much more restrictive (similar matrices are certainly equivalent, but equivalent square matrices need not be similar). That notion corresponds to matrices representing the same endomorphism V → V under two different choices of a single basis of V, used both for initial vectors and their images.

Endomorphism
In abstract algebra, an endomorphism is a homomorphism from a mathematical object to itself. More generally in category theory, an endomorphism is a morphism from a category of objects to itself. An endomorphism that is also an isomorphism is an automorphism. For example, an endomorphism of a vector space V is a linear map f: V → V, and an endomorphism of a group G is a group homomorphism f: G → G.

In general, we can talk about endomorphisms in any category. In the category of sets, endomorphisms are functions from a set S to itself.

In any category, the composition of any two endomorphisms of X is again an endomorphism of X.  It follows that the set of all endomorphisms of X forms a monoid, the full transformation monoid, and denoted End(X) (or EndC(X) to emphasize the category C).
Flag of Drenthe
The flag of Drenthe is the official flag of the Dutch province of Drenthe and was adopted on 19 February 1947. This flag was designed by Gerlof Auke Bontekoe. The traditional Saxon colours of red and white form the basis of the design. They also link it to the Archdiocese of Utrecht, which administered Drenthe when the area was still part of the Oversticht. Between the white base colour and the two red bands are six red stars and a black tower. The stars represent the districts Zuidenveld, Oostenmoer, Noordenveld, Rolde, Beilen and Diever. The tower is a historical reference to Coevorden Castle. From this castle, the viscounts of Coevorden maintained the law in the name of the bishop of Utrecht for a long time.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht
The Archdiocese of Utrecht (Latin: Archidioecesis Ultraiectensis; Dutch: Aartsbisdom Utrecht) is an archdiocese of the Latin Church (or Western Church) of the Catholic Church in the Netherlands. The Archbishop of Utrecht is the metropolitan of the ecclesiastical province of Utrecht. There are six suffragan dioceses of the province: Roman Catholic Dioceses of Breda, of Groningen-Leeuwarden, of Haarlem-Amsterdam, of Roermond, of Rotterdam, and of 's-Hertogenbosch. The cathedral church of the archdiocese is Saint Catherine's Cathedral, which replaced the prior cathedral, Saint Martin's Cathedral after it was taken by Protestants in the Reformation.
Craig Brinson
Craig Brinson (born August 24, 1965) is a former professional heavyweight boxer.

Brinson is best known for losing to Larry Donald on 1993-01-03 at the Hollywood Palladium. Donald scored two knockdowns in round two, both by left, right combinations to the head for the TKO at 1:47. ESPN reported that he outscored his opponent 21 to 3 in round two.

He retired with a record of 4 wins, 18 losses, and 2 draws.

Hollywood Palladium
The Hollywood Palladium is a theater located at 6215 Sunset Boulevard in the Hollywood neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, United States. It was built in a Streamline Moderne, Art Deco style and includes an 11,200-square-foot (1,040 m2) dance floor including a mezzanine and a floor level with room for up to 4,000 people. The theater was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016. The Palladium was designated Los Angeles Historic Cultural Monument No. 1130 on September 28, 2016.
Ambrose Peddle
Ambrose Hubert Peddle (8 October 1927 – 10 March 2014) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Corner Brook, Newfoundland, Peddle worked for Newfoundland Railway from 1945 to 1947 and Customs & Excise from 1947 to 1949. From 1949 to 1951, he worked for the Government of Canada's Unemployment Insurance Commission. From 1951 to 1963, he was a retail furniture and appliance sales manager. From 1963 to 1975, he was the owner of Small Business Enterprises. From 1961 to 1966, he was Mayor of Windsor, Newfoundland and Labrador. He was elected to the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly in 1962. As a Progressive Conservative, he was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the riding of Grand Falls—White Bay—Labrador in the 1968 federal election and lost his reelection in 1972. Appointed by the government of Premier Frank Moores, Peddle served as the Parliamentary Commissioner (Ombudsman) for Newfoundland and Labrador from 1975 to 1990. He died in 2014.

Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
The Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (French: Chambre d'assemblée de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) is the unicameral deliberative assembly of the General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It meets in the Confederation Building in St. John's. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, in the name of the Sovereign.

The governing party sits on the left side of the speaker of the House of Assembly as opposed to the traditional right side of the speaker. This tradition dates back to the 1850s as the heaters in the Colonial Building were located on the left side. Thus, the government chose to sit near the heat, and leave the opposition sitting in the cold.
1983–84 Scottish Inter-District Championship
The 1983–84 Scottish Inter-District Championship was a rugby union competition for Scotland's district teams.

This season saw the 31st Scottish Inter-District Championship.

South won the competition with 4 wins.

Scottish Inter-District Championship
The Scottish Inter-District Championship is a rugby union competition between regional sides in Scotland. Established in 1953, the tournament went through several formats.

The Scottish Rugby Union confirmed in January 2023 that the Scottish Inter-District Championship would return for the 2022-23 season, starting in May 2023. The Inter-District Championship will be an amateur championship with players selected outwith the professional United Rugby Championship and Super 6 leagues. Instead the players will be selected from the amateur leagues of Scotland; the Scottish Premiership and the national leagues below.
Fugoppe Cave
The Fugoppe Cave (フゴッペ洞窟, Fugoppe dōkutsu) is an archaeological site in the Sakae-chō neighborhood of the town of Yoichi, Hokkaidō, Japan, with Zoku-Jōmon period  (approximately 1,500 to 2,000 years ago) petroglyphs. It is one of only two known to exist among the more than 700 cave sites in the Japanese archipelago, along with the Temiya Cave in nearby Otaru. The cave was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1951. "Fugoppe" is the name of the former village where the cave is located.

Otaru
Otaru (小樽市, Otaru-shi) is a city and port in Shiribeshi Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan, northwest of Sapporo. The city faces Ishikari Bay and the Sea of Japan, and has long served as the main port of the bay. With its many historical buildings, Otaru is a popular tourist destination. Because it is a 25-minute drive from Sapporo, it has grown as a commuter town. As of July 31, 2023, the city had an estimated population of 107,432 and a population density of 441 persons per km² (1,100 persons per mi²). The total area is 243.83 km2 (94.14 sq mi). Although it is the largest city in Shiribeshi Subprefecture, the subprefecture's capital is the more centrally located Kutchan.
1800 New Hampshire's at-large congressional district special election
A special election was held in New Hampshire's at-large congressional district on August 25, 1800, to fill a vacancy left by William Gordon (F) resigning to accept an appointment as New Hampshire Attorney General on June 12, 1800.

New Hampshire's at-large congressional district
The New Hampshire at-large congressional district is obsolete, with representation having since been divided into districts.

However, from 1789 to 1847, New Hampshire elected members to the United States House of Representatives at-large:

From 1789 to 1793, three members represented the state at-large.

From 1793 to 1803, four members represented the state at-large.

From 1803 to 1813, five members represented the state at-large.

From 1813 to 1833, six members represented the state at-large.

From 1833 to 1843, five members represented the state at-large.

From 1843 to 1847, four members represented the state at-large.

In 1847 at-large representation was replaced by four congressional districts.
A. B. Lull
Alphonso Ben Lull (c. 1844 – February 25, 1929) was an American physician and politician who served in the Washington House of Representatives from 1889 to 1891.

Lull was born in Pennsylvania and attended the Michigan College of Medicine (which has since become part of Wayne State University). He was living in Albuquerque, New Mexico, in 1888 when he was arrest on charges of desertion and adultery after his wife, who alleged he committed "improper relations" with a widow of one of his patients.

That same year he moved to Port Angeles, Washington and to California in 1908.

Washington House of Representatives
The Washington House of Representatives is the lower house of the Washington State Legislature, and along with the Washington State Senate makes up the legislature of the U.S. state of Washington. It is composed of 98 Representatives from 49 districts, each of which elects one Senator and two members of the House. They are elected to separate positions with the top-two primary system. All members of the House are elected to a two-year term without term limits. The House meets at the State Capitol in Olympia.
Matrix determinant lemma
In mathematics, in particular linear algebra, the matrix determinant lemma computes the determinant of the sum of an invertible matrix A and the dyadic product, u vT, of a column vector u and a row vector vT.

Linear algebra
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as

linear maps such as

and their representations in vector spaces and through matrices.

Linear algebra is central to almost all areas of mathematics. For instance, linear algebra is fundamental in modern presentations of geometry, including for defining basic objects such as lines, planes and rotations. Also, functional analysis, a branch of mathematical analysis, may be viewed as the application of linear algebra to function spaces.

Linear algebra is also used in most sciences and fields of engineering because it allows modeling many natural phenomena, and computing efficiently with such models. For nonlinear systems, which cannot be modeled with linear algebra, it is often used for dealing with first-order approximations, using the fact that the differential of a multivariate function at a point is the linear map that best approximates the function near that point.