hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cölner Hofbräu Früh
Cölner Hofbräu Früh (German pronunciation: [ˈkœlnɐ ˈhoːfbʁɔʏ ˈfʁyː]; or just Früh) is a private brewery for top-fermented beer called Kölsch. The brewery was founded in Cologne in 1904 by Peter Joseph Früh. Since 1987, the beer is no longer brewed directly in the house, but in a brewing facility in Cologne-Feldkassel. The former brewery area and the former living quarters of the Früh family were redesigned and restored. In the medieval vaults of the fermentation and storage cellars, new guest rooms were created and on the second floor the Hofbräustuben for more sophisticated tastes.

In March 2019, Früh announced a cooperation with the company Haus Kölscher Brautradition GmbH. The subsidiary of the Radeberger Group will have all bottled beers produced at Früh's Feldkassel brewery from 2020 and all draft beers of the Sion, Gilden, Peters, Dom, Sester, and Küppers Kölsch brands from 2021.

Radeberger Group
Radeberger Group is the largest brewery group in Germany. It is headquartered in Frankfurt am Main and produces beer (as well as near beer and other non-alcoholic beverages) at 16 different locations. With an approximate annual production volume of 13 million hectolitres, the group accounts for approximately 15% of German beer production.
Sigma 19mm F2.8 EX DN
The Sigma 19mm F2.8 EX DN lens is a wide-angle prime lens for Sony E and Micro Four-Thirds mounts, announced by Sigma in January 2012. Along with the Sigma 30mm F2.8 EX DN, it was part of the first release of Sigma lenses for compact interchangeable lens cameras, and hence the inception of the "DN" line, created by Sigma to cater to these cameras, an offering that in January 2013 was expanded with another lens, the Sigma 60mm f/2.8 DN Art.

Sony E-mount
The E-mount is a lens mount designed by Sony for their NEX ("New E-mount eXperience") and ILCE series of camcorders and mirrorless cameras. The E-mount supplements Sony's α mount, allowing the company to develop more compact imaging devices while maintaining vignetting with 35mm sensors. E-mount achieves this by:

Minimising mechanical complexity, removing mechanical aperture and focus drive.

Shortening the flange focal distance to 18 mm compared with earlier offerings from Sony which used 44.5 mm.

Reducing the radius of the flange.

Relying on software to correct vignetting

The short flange focal distance prohibits the use of an optical viewfinder, as a mirror box mechanism cannot be included in this reduced distance. Therefore, all E-mount cameras use an electronic viewfinder.
Melanotaenia australis
Melanotaenia australis, the western rainbowfish, is a species of freshwater rainbowfish endemic to Australia's Kimberley and Pilbara, Top End. The western rainbowfish (Melanotaenia, australis) is one of the most common and highly abundant freshwater fish endemic to north-western Australia; It ranges from the Ashburton River in the Pilbara region of Western Australia to the Adelaide river in the Northern Territory. It shows extensive geographic variation in their color pattern.

Predation is associated with the variation in color pattern in rainbow fish ( Melanotaenia australis). Meanwhile, variation in reflectance and body shape was associated with variation in environmental conditions.

Pilbara
The Pilbara (/ˈpɪlbərə/) is a large, dry, sparsely populated region in the north of Western Australia. It is known for its Aboriginal people, its geography, its red earth, and its vast mineral deposits, in particular iron ore. It is also a global biodiversity hotspot for subterranean fauna.
Kazlowshchyna
Kazlowshchyna (Belarusian: Казлоўшчына, romanized: Kazloŭščyna; Russian: Козловщина, romanized: Kozlovshchina) is an urban-type settlement in Dzyatlava District, Grodno Region, Belarus. As of 2025, it has a population of 1,437.

Grodno region
Grodno Region, also known as Grodno Oblast or Hrodna Voblasts, is a region of Belarus. Its administrative centre and its namesake, Grodno, is the largest city in the whole region. As of 2024, it has a population of 992,556.

Located in western Belarus, it lies on the Neman River. The region borders the Minsk region to the east, the Brest region to the south, Poland (Podlaskie Voivodeship) to the west and the Vitebsk region and Lithuania (Alytus and Vilnius counties) to the north.
Vincent Cox III
Vincent E. Cox III is an American politician serving as a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from the 85th district. A member of the Republican Party, Cox represents parts of Jefferson Parish and has been in office since January 8, 2024.

Jefferson Parish, Louisiana
Jefferson Parish (French: Paroisse de Jefferson) is a parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 440,781. Its parish seat is Gretna, its largest community is Metairie, and its largest incorporated city is Kenner. Jefferson Parish is included in the Greater New Orleans area.
Clarens Formation
The Clarens Formation is a geological formation found in several localities in Lesotho and in the Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, and Eastern Cape provinces in South Africa. It is the uppermost of the three formations found in the Stormberg Group of the greater Karoo Supergroup rocks and represents the final phase of preserved sedimentation of the Karoo Basin.

Provinces of South Africa
South Africa is administered under nine provinces. On the eve of the 1994 general election, South Africa's former homelands, known as Bantustans, were reintegrated into the country, and the four provinces were increased to nine. The borders of Natal and the Orange Free State were retained, while the Cape Province and Transvaal Province were divided into three provinces each, plus North West Province which straddles the border of and contains territory from both these two former provinces. The twelfth, thirteenth and sixteenth amendments to the Constitution of South Africa changed the borders of seven of the provinces.
Lipniki, Podlaskie Voivodeship
Lipniki [lipˈniki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tykocin, within Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

Łukasz Górnicki (1527–1603), Polish Renaissance writer and starost of Tykocin, lived and wrote many of his works in Lipniki.

Tykocin
Tykocin ([tɨˈkɔt͡ɕin]; Yiddish: טיקטין, romanized: Tiktin) is a small town in north-eastern Poland, with 2,010 inhabitants (2012), located on the Narew river, in Białystok County in the Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is one of the oldest towns in the region, with its historic center designated a Historic Monument of Poland.
Babson Park, Florida
Babson Park is a census-designated place (CDP) in Polk County, Florida, United States. The population was 1,182 at the 2000 census. It is also the home of Webber International University.

Babson Park is part of the Lakeland–Winter Haven Metropolitan Statistical Area, situated roughly halfway between Tampa and Orlando.

Winter Haven, Florida
Winter Haven is a city in Polk County, Florida, United States. It is located about 51 miles (82 km) east of Tampa and about 47 miles (76 km) southwest of Orlando, with neighboring Lakeland located to its west. The city's population was 49,219 at the 2020 census, making it the second most populous city in Polk County after Lakeland. It is a principal city of the Lakeland-Winter Haven, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Teakettler
In American folklore, a teakettler is a creature with origins in lumberjack culture, specifically the lumber camps of Minnesota and Wisconsin. It is part of a group of related entities collectively known as Fearsome Critters. It is said to resemble a small stubby legged dog with the ears of a cat. Its name comes from the sound it makes, which is akin to that of a boiling tea kettle. It only walks backwards, and steam issues from its mouth as it makes its whistle. As the myth goes, only a few lumberjacks have seen one, as they are very shy, but if a boiling kettle is heard and nowhere to be found, it is sure that a Teakettler is nearby.

An account is given by Jorge Luis Borges under "Fauna of the United States" in Book of Imaginary Beings (1957).

Kettle
A kettle, sometimes called a tea kettle or teakettle, is a device specialized for boiling water, commonly with a lid, spout, and handle.  Strictly, this refers to a stovetop kettle, which uses heat from a cooktop. An electric water boiler, which is a small kitchen appliance with an internal heating element, may also be referred to as an electric kettle.
Sandy Bowers
Lemuel Sanford Bowers (nickname: "Sandy") (February 24, 1833 – April 21, 1868) was an  American teamster of Irish descent, miner and owner of the Crown Point Mine near Gold Hill, Nevada. Bowers and his wife were the Nevada Territory's first millionaires. Their home, the Bowers Mansion, was the first of the stately homes built in Nevada with the wealth from the Comstock Lode.

Nevada Territory
The Territory of Nevada (N.T.) was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1861, until October 31, 1864, when it was admitted to the Union as the State of Nevada.

Prior to the creation of the Nevada Territory, the area was part of western Utah Territory and was known as Washoe, after the native Washoe people. The separation of the territory from Utah was important to the federal government because of its political leanings, while the population itself was keen to be separated because of animosity (and sometimes violence) between non-Mormons in Nevada and Mormons from the rest of the Utah Territory.
Yom Chol
In Judaism, Yom Chol (Hebrew: יוֹם חוֹל) is a day that is neither a Sabbath nor a Jewish holiday. The term "Chol" is derived from "Cholin" (חולין), indicating a day of lesser sacredness compared to the other significant days on the Jewish calendar.

The activities that are prohibited on the Sabbath are permitted on Yom Chol, thus these days are also known as the "six days of work" or "six days of action" (ששת ימי המעשה). During Yom Chol, there are three daily prayers: Maariv, Shacharit and Mincha. In Rosh Chodesh, an additional prayer, known as Mussaf, is included in the liturgy.

Another notable difference between Yom Chol and Sabbaths or holidays involves the recitation of Tachanun, a prayer said during Shacharit and Mincha.

Tachanun
Tachanun (Hebrew: תַחֲנוּן, romanized: Taḥănûn, lit. 'supplication'), also referred to as nefilat apayim (נְפִילַת אַפַּיִם, 'falling [on the] faces'), is a supplicatory and confessional component of Shacharit (שַחֲרִית, 'dawn') and Mincha (מִנְחָה, 'offering'), the morning and afternoon prayer services of Judaism, respectively. The recitation of Tachanun follows the Amidah, the central part of the daily Jewish prayer services. It is also recited at the end of the Selichot service. It is omitted on Shabbat, Jewish holidays, and many other celebratory occasions (e.g., in the presence of a groom in the week following his marriage). Most traditions recite a longer prayer on Mondays and Thursdays.
2020 Koblenz Open – Doubles
Zdeněk Kolář and Adam Pavlásek were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Sander Arends and David Pel won the title after defeating Julian Lenz and Yannick Maden 7–6(7–4), 7–6(7–3) in the final.

Zdeněk Kolář
Zdeněk Kolář (Czech pronunciation: [ˈzdɛɲɛk ˈkolaːr̝̊]; born 9 October 1996) is a Czech tennis player.
Kolář has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 111 achieved on 13 June 2022 and a career high doubles ranking of No. 110 achieved on 1 August 2022.
Chimaira (album)
Chimaira is the third studio album by American metal band Chimaira, released on August 9, 2005. It debuted No. 74 on the Billboard 200 charts and sold 14,000 copies in the United States in its first week of release (according to Nielsen SoundScan). The album would be the band's final release under Roadrunner Records and the only one to feature Kevin Talley on drums.

Roadrunner Records
Roadrunner Records is a Dutch-American record label focused on heavy metal and hard rock music. Founded in the Netherlands in 1980, it is now a division of Warner Music Group and is based in New York City. Formerly seen as one of the most powerful independent metal labels of the 1980s and 1990s, it would eventually become a massive host of metal acts, most seen in Roadrunner United and the following live concert. Since then, the label continued to put out major releases. However, by the 2020s, most major acts had left the label; it was also acquired by Warner, being relegated to something much smaller than before.
Ribbon microphone
A ribbon microphone is a type of microphone that uses a thin, electrically conductive ribbon (typically of aluminum, duraluminum or nanofilm) placed between the poles of a magnet to produce a voltage by electromagnetic induction.  Ribbon microphones are typically bidirectional, meaning that they pick up sounds equally well from either side of the microphone but reject sounds from the sides.

Duralumin
Duralumin (also called duraluminum, duraluminium, duralum, dural(l)ium, or dural) is a trade name for one of the earliest types of age-hardenable aluminium–copper alloys. The term is a combination of Düren, dur (a German prefix meaning "hard"), and aluminium. Its use as a trade name is obsolete. Today the term mainly refers to aluminium-copper alloys, designated as the 2000 series by the international alloy designation system (IADS), as with 2014 and 2024 alloys used in airframe fabrication.

Duralumin was developed in 1909 in Germany. Duralumin is known for its strength and hardness, making it suitable for various applications, especially in the aviation and aerospace industry. However, it is susceptible to corrosion, which can be mitigated by using alclad-duralum materials.
Zbęk
Zbęk [zbɛŋk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skomlin, within Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) east of Skomlin, 13 km (8 mi) south-west of Wieluń, and 100 km (62 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieluń County
Wieluń County (Polish: powiat wieluński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Wieluń, which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 927.69 square kilometres (358.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 78,260, out of which the population of Wieluń is 24,347 and the rural population is 53,913.
M. S. Dissanayake
Mudiyansege Suddahamy Dissanayake was a Ceylonese politician. He was the member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka for Kalawewa, representing the Sri Lanka Freedom Party and defeating Sir Richard Aluvihare of the United National Party at the 3rd parliamentary election.

1956 Ceylonese parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Ceylon  in 1956. They were a watershed in the country's political history, and were the first elections fought to realistically challenge the ruling United National Party. Former Leader of the House S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike crossed over to the opposition to form the Sri Lanka Freedom Party to launch his bid for Prime Minister. The party won the election with 51 seats, winning a majority in the house.
Harry Brower Sr.
Harry Brower, Sr. (1924–1992) or Kupaaq was an Iñupiaq whaling captain and community leader from Utqiagvik, Alaska.

Harry Brower was the youngest son of whaling captain Charles D. Brower and Asianggataq Brower (Aluiqsi). Brower worked for 27 years at the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory as a carpenter and field researcher alongside Max C. Brewer, John F. Schindler, Kenneth Utuayuk Toovak, and Thomas F. Albert.

His son, Harry K. Brower, Jr. has been mayor of Utqiagvik since 2016. As of 2001 he was Subsistence Research Coordinator with the North Slope Borough’s Department of Wildlife Management.

John F. Schindler
John F. Schindler (1931–2014) was a botanist with a bachelor's and a master's degree from Michigan State University.

Schindler was the Assistant Director at the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory (NARL) from 1960 to 1971, under Max C. Brewer, and then took over as the Director from 1971 to 1974. Schindler was also a prolific photographic documentarian of life and the people at NARL.
1969 Portugal earthquake
The 1969 Portugal earthquake struck western Portugal and Morocco on 28 February at 02:40 UTC. Originating west of the Strait of Gibraltar, the earthquake registered a magnitude of 7.8 and the maximum felt intensity was VII (Very strong) on the Mercalli intensity scale. In total, 13 people died and 80 sustained minor injuries. It was the largest earthquake to hit Portugal since the 1755 Lisbon earthquake.

Strait of Gibraltar
The Strait of Gibraltar, also known as the Straits of Gibraltar, is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Europe from Africa.
The two continents are separated by 7.7 nautical miles (14.2 kilometers, 8.9 miles) at its narrowest point. Ferries cross between the two continents every day in as little as 35 minutes. The Strait's depth ranges between 300 and 900 metres (980 and 2,950 feet; 160 and 490 fathoms).

The strait lies in the territorial waters of Morocco, Spain, and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, foreign vessels and aircraft have the freedom of navigation and overflight to cross the strait of Gibraltar in case of continuous transit.
Usha Vidyarthi
Usha Vidyarthi is an Indian politician. She was elected to the Bihar Legislative Assembly from Paliganj constituency in Bihar in the 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. She joined Lok Janashakti Party ahead of 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election.

Lok Janshakti Party
The Lok Janshakti Party (LJP, lit. 'People's Manpower Party') was a state political party mainly based in the state of Bihar, India. The party was formed in 2000 when Ram Vilas Paswan split from Janata Dal. The party had a considerable following amongst Dalits in Bihar. The party has split into two parties: Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party and Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas).
2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup Group F
Group F was one of eight groups of the preliminary round of the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup. It took place from 1 to 5 September 2019, and consisted of Brazil, Greece, Montenegro, and New Zealand. Each team played each other once, for a total of three games per team, with all games played at Nanjing Youth Olympic Sports Park Gymnasium, Nanjing. After all of the games were played, the top two teams with the best records qualified for the Second round and the bottom two teams played in the Classification Round.

Nanjing Youth Olympic Sports Park
The Nanjing Youth Olympic Sports Park (Chinese: 南京青奥体育公园) is a sport complex located in Pukou District, Nanjing, China. Its construction was started in December 2011 as part of the venues used for 2014 Summer Youth Olympics. The complex, which occupies around 1,000,000 m2 of land, consists of a main arena with other smaller sport venues.
Prekmurje Slovenes
The Prekmurje Slovenes (Slovene: Prekmurci, Prekmürci, Prekmörci, Prekmörge) are Slovenes from Prekmurje in Slovenia and Vendvidék and Somogy in Hungary. The Prekmurje Slovenes speak the Prekmurje Slovene dialect and have a common culture. The Hungarian Slovenes (Porabski Slovenci) and Somogy Slovenes also speak the Prekmurje Slovene dialect.

Feri Lainšček
Feri Lainšček (born 5 October 1959), also known as Franc Lainšček, is a Slovenian writer, mainly of novels for both adults and youth. Many of his novels have been adapted into films, including the box-office hit Rooster's Breakfast, based on his 1999 novel Petelinji zajtrk. He has won many awards for his novels, and in 2021 he received the Prešeren Lifetime Achievement Award.
North Carolina Highway 65
North Carolina Highway 65 (NC 65) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina.  Traveling east–west within the Piedmont Triad, it connects the towns of Rural Hall, Walnut Cove, Stokesdale and Wentworth with the city of Reidsville.

Rural Hall, North Carolina
Rural Hall is a town in Forsyth County, North Carolina, United States. It is a part of the Piedmont Triad. The population was 3,360 at the 2020 census. The town has one public park: Covington Memorial Park.
Ian Gordon (rugby union)
Ian Christopher Gordon (born March 12, 1968) is a Canadian former international rugby union player.

Born in Vancouver, Gordon is the son of actor Peter Gordon, whose credits included the 1970 sports film The Great White Hope and episodes of I Dream of Jeannie. He has South African ancestry on his father's side.

Gordon was originally a football player, named the CFJL's "outstanding defensive player" for 1986, while competing with Victoria Payless. He joined CFL team BC Lions in 1987 but wasn't able to establish himself in the side due to injuries.

A loose forward, Gordon competed on the Canada national rugby union team during the 1990s. His career included a match against England at Wembley Stadium in 1992 and a 1995 Rugby World Cup fixture against the Springboks in Port Elizabeth. He played his Canadian rugby with James Bay and he also had a stint in England at Nottingham.

I Dream of Jeannie
I Dream of Jeannie is an American fantasy sitcom television series created by Sidney Sheldon and starring Barbara Eden as a beautiful but guileless 2,000-year-old genie and Larry Hagman as an astronaut with whom she falls in love and eventually marries. Produced by Screen Gems, the show originally aired for 139 episodes over five seasons, from September 18, 1965, to May 26, 1970, on NBC.
Julian Schwinger
Julian Seymour Schwinger (/ˈʃwɪŋər/; February 12, 1918 – July 16, 1994) was an American theoretical physicist. He shared the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physics with Richard Feynman and Shin'ichirō Tomonaga "for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics (QED), with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles". He developed a relativistically invariant perturbation theory, and renormalized QED to one loop order. Schwinger was a physics professor at several universities.

Schwinger is recognized as an important physicist, responsible for much of modern quantum field theory, including a variational approach, and the equations of motion for quantum fields. He developed the first electroweak model, and the first example of confinement in 1+1 dimensions. He is responsible for the theory of multiple neutrinos, Schwinger terms, and the theory of the spin-3/2 field. He shared the inaugural Albert Einstein Award with Kurt Gödel.

Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)
In quantum mechanics, perturbation theory is a set of approximation schemes directly related to mathematical perturbation for describing a complicated quantum system in terms of a simpler, known system. The idea is to start with a simple system for which a mathematical solution is known (e.g. the time-independent Schrödinger equation: ) and add an additional "perturbing" Hamiltonian () representing a weak disturbance to the known system to the original Hamiltonian () of the known system (i.e. ). If the disturbance is small, the new energy levels and eigenstates of the perturbed system can be expressed as "corrections" to the known energy levels and eigenstates of the simpler system. These corrections can be made at progressively smaller orders of magnitude until an n-th order that is so small a correction that it is negligible to the accuracy of the approximation.