hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica
The Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (abbr. CWI; English: "National Research Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science") is a research centre in the field of mathematics and  theoretical computer science. It is part of the institutes organization of the Dutch Research Council (NWO) and is located at the Amsterdam Science Park. This institute is famous as the creation site of the programming language Python. It was a founding member of the European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics (ERCIM).

Theoretical computer science
Theoretical computer science is a subfield of computer science and mathematics that focuses on the abstract and mathematical foundations of computation.

It is difficult to circumscribe the theoretical areas precisely. The ACM's Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory (SIGACT) provides the following description:

TCS covers a wide variety of topics including algorithms, data structures, computational complexity, parallel and distributed computation, probabilistic computation, quantum computation, automata theory, information theory, cryptography, program semantics and verification, algorithmic game theory, machine learning, computational biology, computational economics, computational geometry, and computational number theory and algebra. Work in this field is often distinguished by its emphasis on mathematical technique and rigor.
Kim Yoon-kyung
Kim Yoon-kyung (born 13 January 1977) is a South Korean taekwondo practitioner.

She won a gold medal in middleweight at the 1999 World Taekwondo Championships, and a gold medal at the 2000 Asian Taekwondo Championships.

1999 World Taekwondo Championships
The 1999 World Taekwondo Championships were the 14th edition of the World Taekwondo Championships, and were held in Butterdome, University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada from June 2 to June 6, 1999, with 550 athletes participating from 66 countries.
2017 Bryansk by-election
Legislative elections were held in Russia on 18 September 2016. On 10 June 2017 Vladimir Zhutenkov resigned. On 14 June, the Central Election Commission scheduled a by-election in the Bryansk constituency for 10 September 2017.

Bryansk constituency
The Bryansk constituency (No.77) is a Russian legislative constituency in Bryansk Oblast. The constituency covers southern Bryansk and southern Bryansk Oblast.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Nikolay Valuyev, three-term State Duma member and former professional boxer, who won the open seat, succeeding one-term Liberal Democratic incumbent Boris Paykin after the latter decided to successfully seek re-election only through proportional representation.
Augrabies, South Africa
Augrabies /ɔːˈxrɑːbiːz/ is a small town in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, situated on the south bank of the Orange River about 100 kilometres (60 mi) downstream from Upington. It is located on the R359 road just outside the Augrabies Falls National Park, which contains the Augrabies Falls for which the town is named.

Augrabies Falls National Park
Augrabies Falls National Park is a national park located around the Augrabies Falls, about 120 km (75 mi) west of Upington in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa.

The Augrabies Falls National Park covers an area of 820 km2 (320 sq mi) and stretches along the Orange River. The area is very arid. The waterfall is about 60 m (200 ft) high and is awe-inspiring when the river is in flood. The gorge below the falls averages about 240 m (790 ft) deep and runs for 18 km (11 mi). The gorge provides an impressive example of erosion into a granitic basement.

The park was established in 1966.
Death Trip (1967 film)
Kommissar X: Drei grüne Hunde, Italian: Strategic command chiama Jo Walker, also known  as Death Trip and Kill Me Gently is a 1967 Eurospy film written, co-produced and co-directed by Rudolf Zehetgruber and Gianfranco Parolini. It was a West German-Italian production with further co-producers in France, Lebanon and Hungary. Filmed in Turkey, it stars Tony Kendall and Brad Harris. It is the fourth of seven films, loosely based on the Kommissar X detective novel series from the Pabel Moewig publishing house. The film also features Dietmar Schonherr, director/screenwriter Rudolf Zehetgruber and Harris' then wife Olly Schoberova.

Dietmar Schönherr
Dietmar Otto Schönherr (German: [ˈdiːtmaʁ ˈʃøːnhɛʁ] ⓘ; 17 May 1926 – 18 July 2014) was an Austrian film actor. He appeared in 120 films between 1944 and 2014. He was famous for playing the role of Major Cliff Allister McLane in the German science fiction series Raumpatrouille. He was born in Innsbruck, Austria. He was married to the Danish actress Vivi Bach from 1965 until her death in 2013. In 2011 he was awarded with the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class.
Howard Kanovitz
Howard Kanovitz (February 9, 1929 – February 2, 2009) was a pioneering painter in the Photorealist and Hyperrealist Movements, which emerged in the 1960s and 1970s in response to the abstract art movement.

Howard Kanovitz, whose 50-year career ranged from abstract expressionism to computer imaging, was at the forefront of the art movement known as photorealism. His 1966 landmark Jewish Museum solo exhibition launched this new genre of photo-based painting.  Though dubbed by Barbara Rose “the grandfather of photorealism”, Kanovitz’s work transcended that classification in “realistic paintings for which the concept of realism is too narrow.” The preeminent art historian Sam Hunter described how Kanovitz’s “meticulous airbrush technique and exactness of vision produce an atmosphere of doubt rather than certitude and posed questions of meaning which challenge the very nature of the artistic experience.”

Photorealism
Photorealism is a genre of art that encompasses painting, drawing and other graphic media, in which an artist studies a photograph and then attempts to reproduce the image as realistically as possible in another medium. Although the term can be used broadly to describe artworks in many different media, it is also used to refer to a specific art movement of American painters that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
Jason Grimes
Jason Grimes (born September 10, 1959) is an American long jumper. Graduate of Overbrook High School in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Among his accomplishments, he took a silver medal at the 1983 World Championships in Athletics and was All-American at the University of Tennessee.

1983 World Championships in Athletics
The 1st World Championships in Athletics (Finnish: Yleisurheilun maailmanmestaruuskilpailut 1983; Swedish: Världsmästerskapen i friidrott 1983) were run under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations and were held at the Olympic Stadium in Helsinki, Finland between 7 and 14 August 1983. Despite the existence of previously held championship events in both 1976 and 1980, this 1983 championship was marked as the inaugural World Championship.
NGC 676
NGC 676 is a lenticular Seyfert 2 galaxy in the constellation Pisces. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 1217 ± 20 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 58.6 ± 4.2 Mly (17.96 ± 1.29 Mpc). In addition, two non redshift measurements give a distance of 61.0 ± 2.6 Mly (18.7 ± 0.8 Mpc). The galaxy was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 30 September 1786.

NGC 676 can be seen near the star α Piscium. Located close to the celestial equator, it is visible from both hemispheres. BD +04 0244, a star with a visual magnitude of 10.44, is superposed 5.1 arc seconds south-southwest of the nucleus. It is one of the 621 galaxies described in Marat Arakelian's catalog of high-surface-brightness galaxies.

Marat Arakelian
Marat Arsen Arakelian (Armenian: Մարատ Արսենի Առաքելյան) (Russian: Марат Арсенович Аракелян) (15 January 1929 – 20 January 1983) was an Armenian astronomer. Arakelian was a specialist in theoretical astrophysics and extragalactic astronomy. He is most noted for his catalog of “Galaxies of high surface brightness” (named Arakelian galaxies, Akn), a list of 621 objects with surface brightness at least 22.0 magnitude from an area of 1 sq. arc second. The Arakelian catalog has become a source in the study of active galactic nuclei.
Fourth Affiliated Hospital of XMU
The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, also known as the Hospital of Chinese Medicine of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region  (Chinese: 新疆维吾尔自治区中医医院) is a teaching hospital in Urumqi, Xinjiang, China affiliated with the College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Xinjiang Medical University.  It has served Xinjiang Medical University students since 1959. It has 938 staff, among which there are 812 professionals and 48 technicians. The hospital has one branch and three out-patient departments at different places, including one rehabilitation center.

Teaching hospital
A teaching hospital or university hospital is a hospital or medical center that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located with medical schools.

Teaching hospitals use a residency program to educate qualified physicians, podiatrists, dentists, and pharmacists who are receiving training after attaining the degree of MD, DO, DPM, DDS, DMD, PharmD, BDS, BDent, MBBS, MBChB, or BMed. Those that attend a teaching hospital or clinic practice medicine under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty, such as an attending physician or consultant. The purpose of these residency programs is to create an environment where new doctors can learn to practice medicine in a safe setting which is supervised by physicians that provide both oversight and education.
Kellie Lucas
Kellie Louise Lucas (born 31 March 1978) is an Australian badminton player. She competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the women's singles, doubles, and mixed doubles event. She participated at the three consecutive Commonwealth Games in 1998, 2002, and 2006, and winning a women's team bronze medal in 1998. Lucas was crowned Ballarat's Sportswoman of the Year for the fourth time in her sporting career.

Badminton at the 1998 Commonwealth Games
The badminton competition at the 1998 Commonwealth Games took place at the Kuala Lumpur Badminton Stadium in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from 11 September until 21 September 1998. There were no bronze medal play off matches because both losing semi-finalists were awarded a bronze medal.
Conjugate gaze palsy
Conjugate gaze palsies are neurological disorders affecting the ability to move both eyes in the same direction. These palsies can affect gaze in a horizontal, upward, or downward direction. These entities overlap with ophthalmoparesis and ophthalmoplegia.

Paramedian pontine reticular formation
The paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF)  is a subset of neurons of the oral and caudal pontine reticular nuclei. With the abducens nucleus it makes up the horizontal gaze centre. It is situated in the pons adjacent to the abducens nucleus. It projects to the ipsilateral abducens (cranial nerve VI) nucleus, and contralateral oculomotor (cranial nerve III) nucleus to mediate conjugate horizontal gaze and saccades.
USS Uranus
USS Uranus (AF-14) was a Uranus-class stores ship bareboat chartered to the U.S. Navy by the War Shipping Administration for use in World War II. The ship was one of the Danish vessels idled in U.S. ports seized by the United States after the occupation of Denmark by German forces. The ship was the Danish J. Lauritzen A/S line vessel Maria, ex Caravelle, ex Helga until chartered to the Navy and commissioned on 11 August 1941 under the name Uranus.

Uranus served in both the North Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, delivering food, including refrigerated items, to ships operating in the battle areas.

The ship was returned to Denmark and later, under new Danish naming rules, named Maria Dan until sold to Greece to be renamed Michael in 1959. The ship was scrapped in 1968.

Combat stores ship
Combat stores ships, or storeships, are naval auxiliary ships used to store logistic supplies and deliver provisions and motor fuel to other surface combatants on extended deployments. The United States Navy operated the Sirius and Mars classes, and the Royal Navy operated the Fort Rosalie class and continues to operate one Fort Victoria class ship, having scrapped the other. They carried or carry the fleets's refrigerated stores, dry provisions, technical spares, general stores, fleet freight, mail and replacement personnel or specialists. Storeships should not be confused with fast combat support ships which are high speed auxiliary ships or tenders which provide maintenance support to flotillas.
Jadwiga Jankowska-Cieślak
Jadwiga Aleksandra Jankowska-Cieślak (15 February 1951 – 15 April 2025) was a Polish film actress. She appeared in 33 films from 1972 onwards. She won the award for Best Actress at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival for her role in the film Another Way.

On 4 December 2007, she was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta for her outstanding contribution to the work for democratic change in Poland, for her commitment to the fight for freedom of expression and free media, for achievements undertaken for the benefit of the country and social work. The decoration ceremony was held on 10 December 2007 in the Concert Studio of Polish Radio. On 5 October 2009, she received the Gold Medal of Gloria Artis.

Jankowska-Cieślak died on 15 April 2025, at the age of 74.

Gloria Artis Medal for Merit to Culture
The Gloria Artis Medal for Merit to Culture (Polish: Zasłużony Kulturze Gloria Artis) or Gloria Artis Medal, is a departmental decoration of Poland in arts awarded by the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage of the Republic of Poland to persons and organizations for distinguished contributions to, or protection of the Polish culture and national heritage.

There are three classes for the medal: gold, silver and bronze with a green, blue or claret ribbon, respectively, with central white and red stripes. This award was instituted on 17 June 2005. as a replacement of the honorary badge „Zasłużony Działacz Kultury”,  as part of the general reform in management of culture and education.
Bill Engeln
William Raymond Engeln (September 9, 1898 – April 17, 1968) was an American professional baseball umpire who worked in the National League from 1952 to 1956. Engeln was the right field umpire in the 1953 Major League Baseball All-Star Game. In his career, he umpired 749 major league games.

Right fielder
A right fielder, abbreviated RF, is the outfielder in baseball or softball who plays defense in right field. Right field is the area of the outfield to the right of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the right fielder is assigned the number 9.
Battle of Erzincan
The Battle of Erzincan (Russian: Эрзинджанское сражение, Turkish: Erzincan Muharebesi) was a Russian victory over the Ottoman Empire during the First World War.

In February 1916, Nikolai Yudenich had taken the cities of Erzurum and Trabzon. Trabzon had provided the Russians with a port to receive reinforcements in the Caucasus. Enver Pasha ordered the Third Army, now under Vehip Pasha, to retake Trabzon. Vehip's attack failed and General Yudenich counterattacked on July 2. The Russian attack hit the Turkish communications center of Erzincan forcing Vehip's troops to retreat as well as losing 34,000 men, half taken as POWs. As a result, the Third Army was rendered ineffective for the rest of the year and Erzincan was captured by the Russians.

Erzurum
Erzurum (Armenian: Կարին, romanized: Karin; Kurdish: Erzîrom) is a city in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. It is the largest city and capital of Erzurum Province and is 1,900 meters (6,233 feet) above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 367,250 in 2010. It is the site of ancient Theodosiopolis.

The city uses the double-headed eagle as its coat-of-arms, a motif that has been a common symbol throughout Anatolia since the Bronze Age.

Erzurum has winter sports facilities, hosted the 2011 Winter Universiade, and the 2023 Winter Deaflympics (in March 2024).
Jiangxi University of Water Resources and Electric Power
Jiangxi University of Water Resources and Electric Power( abbr. JXUWP), formerly Nanchang Institute of Technology, is a public university in Nanchang, Jiangxi, China. The university is funded by the Jiangxi Provincial People's Government and co-funded by Ministry of Water Resources.

Jiangxi Provincial People's Government
The Jiangxi Provincial People's Government is the local administrative agency of Jiangxi. It is officially elected by the Jiangxi Provincial People's Congress and is formally responsible to the Jiangxi Provincial People's Congress and its Standing Committee. Under the country's one-party system, the governor is subordinate to the secretary of the Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. The Provincial government is headed by a governor, currently Ye Jianchun.
Peter Brook (rugby union)
Reverend Peter Watts Pitt Brook (21 September 1906 – 6 August 1992) was a Church of England priest and England international rugby union player of the 1930s.

Raised in south London, Brook was educated at Whitgift School and Emmanuel College, Cambridge.

Brook, a back-row forward, gained four rugby blues at Cambridge University from 1928 to 1931. He won three England caps in sporadic appearances during the 1930s, while playing his club rugby for Harlequins. At the end of his England career in 1936, Brook was appointed a chaplain at Clifton College.

In World War II, Brook served as a chaplain with the 14th Army in Burma.

Brook helped produced three England captains through his involvement in Clifton College rugby and after retiring was involved in local politics, as a Avon County Council and Bristol city councillor.

Fourteenth Army (United Kingdom)
The British Fourteenth Army was a multi-national force comprising units from Commonwealth countries during the Second World War. It was composed of units of the British Army, many from the Indian Army, and significant contributions from the British Army's West and East African divisions. It was often referred to as the "Forgotten Army" because its operations in the Burma campaign were overlooked by the contemporary press, and remained more obscure than those of the corresponding formations in Europe for long after the war. For most of the Army's existence, it was commanded by Lieutenant-General William Slim.
Bulgaria–Holy See relations
Bulgaria–Holy See relations were formally established in 1990, shortly after the fall of the Bulgarian communist government. Since then, Bulgaria and the Holy See have had an increase in relations, with Pope John Paul II visiting the country in 2002, and more recently visits from Secretary of State Angelo Sodano (2005) and Pietro Parolin (2016).

The Holy See maintains an apostolic nunciature in Sofia whereas Bulgaria has an embassy near Vatican City. The current Bulgarian ambassador to the Vatican is Kiril Topalov, while the Vatican's apostolic nuncio is Archbishop Anselmo Guido Pecorari.

Section for Relations with States
The Section for Relations with States or Second Section of the Secretariat of State is the body within the Roman Curia charged with dealing with matters that involve relations with civil governments. It has been part of the Vatican Secretariat of State since 1909.

It is analogous to the foreign ministry of a state.
Atanasio Girardot Stadium
6°15′24.48″N 75°35′24.62″W﻿ / ﻿6.2568000°N 75.5901722°W﻿ / 6.2568000; -75.5901722

Atanasio Girardot Stadium (Spanish: Estadio Atanasio Girardot), commonly referred to as El Atanasio, is a multi-purpose stadium in Medellín, Colombia.

Located in the Laureles comuna of Medellin, the stadium is currently used mostly for football matches by Atlético Nacional and Independiente Medellín, the most popular clubs in the Antioquia Department. On occasion, the stadium has held Colombia national team matches too.

Its current capacity is 44,826 which ranks as the third largest in the country behind Estadio Deportivo Cali and Estadio Metropolitano Roberto Meléndez. The stadium was named after Atanasio Girardot, a Colombian revolutionary leader who fought alongside Simón Bolívar.

The stadium is part of the Atanasio Girardot Sports Complex.

2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup
The 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup was the 18th FIFA U-20 World Cup. Colombia hosted the tournament between 29 July and 20 August 2011, with matches being played in eight cities. The tournament was won by Brazil who claimed their fifth title.

At a FIFA Executive Committee meeting held in Sydney on 26 May 2008, Colombia beat the only other candidate country, Venezuela, for the right to organize the U-20 World Cup. It was suggested by the then-Vice President of Colombia Francisco Santos Calderón that it was needed to withdraw from the race with Brazil to host the 2014 FIFA World Cup so the nation could concentrate on hosting the "best possible games".

In an inspection tour of development works in March 2010, Jack Warner, then the vice president of FIFA, said that the completion of this tournament could provide Colombia with a launch pad to become a possible host for the 2026 World Cup. The official song of the tournament was "Nuestra Fiesta" by Colombian singer Jorge Celedón.
Saula
Saula can mean:

Saula (fictional planet) in "An Attempt to Escape" ("Попытка к бегству") by Boris and Arkady Strugatsky

Saula, Bangladesh, town in Bangladesh

Saula, County Mayo, village in Ireland

Saula, Estonia, village in Kose Parish, Harju County, Estonia

Şaula, a village in Izvoru Crişului Commune, Cluj County, Romania

Saula (beetle), a genus of beetles

Saula (beetle)
Saula is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Endomychidae.

The species of this genus are found in Southeastern Asia and Japan.

Species:

Saula chujoi Sasaji, 1970

Saula japonica Gorham, 1874

Saula nigripes Gerstaecker, 1858

Saula taiwana Chujo, 1938
Formula Kite
Formula Kite is the kitesurfing class chosen by World Sailing for the 2024 Summer Olympics. The class features a foil kite and a board with a hydrofoil. The equipment is not one-design, but instead competitors use their choice of approved production equipment. The International Kiteboarding Association (IKA) manages the class. The class is for men and women.

One-design racing
One-design racing is a racing method which may be adopted in sports using complex equipment, whereby all vehicles have identical or very similar designs or models, avoiding the need for a handicap system.
Sagar Theke Phera
Sagar Theke Phera is a Bengali language poetry book written by Premendra Mitra. The book was first published in 1956. Mitra received the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1957 for this work. The book also received Rabindra Puraskar in 1958.

Sahitya Akademi Award
The Sahitya Akademi Award  is a literary  honour in India,  which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 24 languages of the 8th Schedule to the Indian constitution as well as in English and Rajasthani language.

Established in 1954, the award comprises a plaque and a cash prize of ₹ 100,000. The award's purpose is to recognise and promote excellence in Indian writing and acknowledge new trends. The annual process of selecting awardees runs for the preceding 12 months. The plaque awarded by the Sahitya Akademi was designed by the Indian filmmaker Satyajit Ray. Prior to this, the plaque occasionally was made of marble, but this practice was discontinued because of its excessive weight. During the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965, the plaque was substituted with national savings bonds.