hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2011 Asian Five Nations division tournaments
For main Top 5 Division, see: 2011 Asian Five Nations

The 2011 Asian Five Nations division tournaments, known as the 2011 HSBC Asian 5 Nations due to the tournament's sponsorship by the HSBC, refer to the divisions played within the tournament. This was the 4th series of the Asian Five Nations.

There were five divisional teams in the 2011 version who contested for a place in the Top 5 tournament. Who ever finished last place in a division was relegated, while the winner of a division was promoted. Last place in division 1 was replaced by the winner of division 2, winner of division 3 replaced last place in division 2, winner in division 4 replaced last in division 3 and winner in division 5 replaced last in division 4.

Asia Rugby Championship
The Asia Rugby Championship, or ARC, is an annual rugby union competition held amongst national rugby sides within the Asia Rugby region. The competition was originally known as the Asian Rugby Football Tournament when founded in 1969, and was called the Asian Five Nations from 2008 to 2014.

The winner of the competition's top division is recognised as the rugby champion of Asia. The top division, sometimes referred to as the Tri Nations, includes the top three Asian teams each season. Division 1 includes the next four teams and Division 2 includes the next four. Division three is  further divided geographically, with each of the West, East and South Central divisions including three teams.

Japan is the most successful team, securing 25 out of a possible 30 titles since 1969. They have not participated in the series since 2017.
Ryan Bower
Ryan Thomas Eyre Bower (born 25 February 1991) is an English professional rugby union player for Dallas Jackals in the US competition Major League Rugby. He has played for Leicester Tigers, Worcester Warriors and London Irish in Premiership Rugby, and for Nottingham in the RFU Championship.  Bower's principal position is loosehead prop.

Nottingham R.F.C.
Nottingham Rugby Club is a rugby union club based in Nottingham, England. The club's first team currently plays in the Champ Rugby, the second tier of the English rugby union system.

The first XV are nicknamed The Archers, in reference to the famous Robin Hood. Now situated in the Lady Bay area of Nottingham, the club was formerly based at Meadow Lane, the home ground of Notts County F.C. They previously played at Ireland Avenue in Beeston until the end of the 2005–06 season.
National Highway 156 (India)
National Highway 156, commonly referred to as NH 156, is a auxiliary highway or spur road of NH56 connecting the city of Nimbahera in Rajasthan to Manpur in Madhya Pradesh Border. The Highway runs for 337 kilometres (209 mi). This highway connects NH56 with NH52 acting as a Link Highway & also known as Chittaurgarh Road.

Badnawar
Badnawar (or Badnavar) is a Town, former pargana and a Nagar Parishad of the Dhar district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. This is a tehsil place having 170 villages. Badnawar is around 95 km from Indore - the business capital of Madhya Pradesh.

in AD 783. It remained a major Jain center until mid 13th century.
Alternative Economic Strategies
Alternative Economic Strategies: The Case of Greece is a book by Greek economist Euclid Tsakalotos, published in 1991. It was his PhD thesis from the University of Oxford, originally completed in 1989. Since July 2015, Tsakalotos has been Greece's Minister of Finance.

Economic equilibrium
In economics, economic equilibrium is a situation in which the economic forces of supply and demand are balanced, meaning that economic variables will no longer change.

Market equilibrium in this case is a condition where a market price is established through competition such that the amount of goods or services sought by buyers is equal to the amount of goods or services produced by sellers. This price is often called the competitive price or market clearing price and will tend not to change unless demand or supply changes, and quantity is called the "competitive quantity" or market clearing quantity.
Baglung
Baglung is a municipality in Gandaki Province, in western Nepal, 275 km (171 mi) west of Kathmandu. It is the administrative headquarters of Baglung District. Baglung serves as the major center for business, finance, education, service and healthcare for the people of mid-Kali Gandaki valley that encompass Beni, Jaljala, Baglung, Kushma, Kathekhola, Galkot, Phalewas and Jaimuni local bodies. The city is located at the cross-section of Kaligandaki corridor highway and midhill highway that transverse Nepal in north–south and east–west directions respectively.

Gurung people
Gurung (exonym; Nepali: गुरुङ) or Tamu (endonym; Gurung: རྟམུ) are a Tibetan ethnic group living in the hills and mountains of Gandaki Province of Nepal. Gurungs speak the Gurung language, which is also known as Tamu Kyi and is a Sino-Tibetan language derived from the Tibeto-Burman language family. The written form of Gurung is heavily dependent on the Tibetan script and history and details related to their culture and tradition is passed on from one generation to the other usually by word-of-mouth.

The Gurungs have historically lived a semi-nomadic lifestyle, herding sheep and yaks in the Himalayan foothills, but many have diversified into other professions while retaining strong ties to their cultural heritage.
1940 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1940 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 1940. Incumbent Lieutenant Governor C. Elmer Anderson of the Republican Party of Minnesota defeated Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party challenger Howard Y. Williams and Minnesota Democratic Party candidate Frank Patrick Ryan.

C. Elmer Anderson
Clyde Elmer Anderson (March 16, 1912 – January 22, 1998) was an American politician who served as the 28th governor of Minnesota from September 27, 1951 to January 5, 1955. Anderson also served as the lieutenant governor of Minnesota from 1939 to 1943 and again from 1945 to 1951.
Yuvalı, Hassa
Yuvalı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Hassa, Hatay Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 1,471 in 2022.

In late 19th century, German orientalist Martin Hartmann listed the village as a settlement of 6 houses inhabited by Turks.

Martin Hartmann
Martin Hartmann (9 December 1851, Breslau – 5 December 1918, Berlin) was a German orientalist, who specialized in Islamic studies.

In 1875, he received his doctorate at the University of Leipzig as a student of Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer. From 1876 to 1887 he served as a dragoman at the German General Consulate in Beirut. From 1887 until his death in 1918 he taught classes at the Department of Oriental Languages in Berlin.

As a professor in Berlin he strove hard for the recognition of Islamic studies as an independent discipline. His numerous contributions to the field of Islamic studies were based on a sociological standpoint. Many of these works were published in the journal "Die Welt des Islams" (The World of Islam), a publication of the "Deutsche Gesellschaft für Islamkunde", an organization that Hartmann was a co-founder of in 1912.
Babu Ram Mandial
Babu Ram Mandial is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Mandial was a member of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the Nadaun constituency in Hamirpur district. Earlier, he had been a member of Indian National Congress. He was a lawyer who had graduated from Hoshiarpur. Babu Ram Mandial had risen from a poor household. He had a wife who was a professor mastered in Hindi and two sons: a dental surgeon and a orthopedic physician.

Dentist
A dentist, also known as a dental doctor, dental physician, dental surgeon, is a health care professional who specializes in dentistry, the branch of medicine focused on the teeth, gums, and mouth. The dentist's supporting team aids in providing oral health services. The dental team includes dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental technicians, and sometimes dental therapists.
Hitman (2014 film)
Hitman is a 2014 Dhallywood film directed by Wazed Ali Sumon. starring Shakib Khan and Apu Biswas in lead roles, while Misha Sawdagar, Joy Chowdhury, and Shirin Shila play other pivotal roles. The film was released on 6 October 2014 of Eid-ul-Adha in 119 screens.
The film is a remake of 2012 Tamil blockbuster film Vettai.

Wajed Ali Sumon
Wazed Ali Sumon  (Bengali: ওয়াজেদ আলী সুমন) is a Bangladeshi film director. He was born in Rajshahi district in Bangladesh. At the beginning of his career, he collaborated with Shahin. Their directorial duo was known as Shahin-Sumon. But from 2014, both started working separately. Sumon is making feature films continuously in Dhallywood.
Clara Elisabeth of Manderscheid-Blankenheim
Clara Elisabeth of Manderscheid-Blankenheim (1631 – 7 April 1688) was canoness at Thorn Abbey and Essen Abbey and deaness at Elten Abbey. In Thorn, she is known today as "the sick lady" and she is better known than her sister Anna Salome, although the latter presided over Thorn Abbey for more than 40 years as abbess. In 1673, Clara Elizabeth donated a Loreto Chapel. A magnificent epitaph in the St. Michael Church, the former Abbey Church, in Thorn, commemorates her.

Essen Abbey
Essen Abbey (German: Stift Essen) was a community of secular canonesses for women of high nobility that formed the nucleus of modern-day Essen, Germany.

A chapter of male priests were also attached to the abbey, under a dean.  In the medieval period, the abbess exercised the functions of a bishop, except for the sacramental ones, and those of a ruler, over the very extensive estates of the abbey, and had no clerical superior except the pope.
Slappy the Dummy
Slappy the Dummy is a fictional character in the Goosebumps children's horror novel series by R. L. Stine. He is the main antagonist of the Night of the Living Dummy series and one of the series' most popular villains, as well as its de facto mascot. He is also the main antagonist of the franchise's film adaptation and its sequel, described by their interpretation of Stine as having a "serious Napoleonic complex" in the former. He comes to life when the words, "Karru Marri Odonna Loma Molonu Karrano," which roughly translates to "You and I are one now" (meaning he and whoever brings him to life will become inseparable) and can be found on a sheet of paper in the coat pocket of Slappy's jacket, are read aloud. After being brought to life, Slappy will try to make the person who did so serve him as a slave, to the point of framing them for his misdeeds.

R. L. Stine
Robert Lawrence Stine (/staɪn/; born October 8, 1943) is an American novelist. He is the writer of Goosebumps, a horror fiction novel series for children which has sold over 400 million copies globally in 35 languages, becoming the second-best-selling book series in history. The series spawned a media franchise including two television series, a video game series, a comic series, and two feature films. Stine has been referred to as the "Stephen King of children's literature".

Stine wrote the teen horror fiction series Fear Street, which has sold over 80 million copies and has been adapted into a series of films. His work includes Rotten School, Mostly Ghostly, Nightmare Hour, and The Nightmare Room. He has also written humor books for children, under the alias Jovial Bob Stine.
Waipahihi
Waipahihi (Māori: Waipahīhī) is a suburb in Taupō, based on the eastern shores of Lake Taupō on New Zealand's North Island.

The local Waipahīhī Marae is a meeting place of the Ngāti Tūwharetoa hapū of Ngāti Hinerau and Ngāti Hineure. It includes the Kurapoto meeting house.

Hapū
In Māori and New Zealand English, a hapū ("subtribe", or "clan") functions as "the basic political unit within Māori society".  A Māori person can belong to or have links to many hapū. Historically, each hapū had its own chief and normally operated independently of its iwi (tribe).
Wyszanów, Łódź Voivodeship
Wyszanów [vɨˈʂanuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wieruszów, within Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north of Wieruszów and 102 km (63 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieruszów
Wieruszów ([vjɛˈruʂuf]) is a town in south-central Poland with 8,446 inhabitants (2020). Situated in the southwestern part of Łódź Voivodeship, it is the seat of the Gmina Wieruszów and Wieruszów County. Wieruszów is located in the historical Wieluń Land. The town is situated along the Prosna river.
Skyline Mall
Skyline Mall was a small enclosed shopping mall located among the high rises of Bailey's Crossroads in Falls Church, Virginia. It opened on the site of the former Washington-Virginia Airport and the Sunset X-rated drive-in theater. in 1977 to join the offices of Skyline City. At its peak, the mall comprised more than thirty tenants, including a Safeway supermarket and People’s drugstore, Shoetown and a twelve-screen cinema. Other major chain tenants that formerly operated at the mall included Dress Barn and B. Dalton.  The mall was purchased in 2002 by discount retailer Target Corporation, who replaced the majority of the complex (except for a fitness center on the second level) with a Target store.

Safeway
Safeway, Inc. is an American supermarket chain that provides grocery items and general merchandise along with various specialty departments such as bakery, delicatessen, floral, and pharmacy, as well as Starbucks coffee shops and vehicle fuel centers. Safeway's primary base of operations is in the Western United States, with some stores located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Eastern Seaboard.

It is a subsidiary of Albertsons after being acquired by private equity investors led by Cerberus Capital Management in January 2015. The subsidiary is headquartered in Pleasanton, California.
The Wonderful World of Cease A Leo
The Wonderful World of Cease A Leo is the only solo studio album by American rapper Lil' Cease. It was released on July 13, 1999 through Queen Bee/Atlantic Records.

Production was handled by Mario Winans, Nashiem Myrick, Bink!, Deric "D-Dot" Angelettie, EZ Elpee, Jay "Waxx" Garfield, Daven "Prestige" Vanderpool, P. Diddy, Alex "Algee" DeVaughn, Carlos "Six July" Broady, Darrell "Digga" Branch, Spunk Bigga and Lil' Cease himself.

It features guest appearances from his fellow Junior M.A.F.I.A. groupmates Blake C, Larce "Banger" Vegas and Lil' Kim, as well as Mr. Bristal, Joe Hooker, Puff Daddy, 112, Busta Rhymes, Carl Thomas, G. Dep, Jay-Z, Kelly Price and Redman.

In the United States, the album peaked at number 26 on the Billboard 200 and number 3 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts. Its lead single, "Play Around", made it to number 52 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and number 9 on the Hot Rap Songs charts.

Daven Vanderpool
Daven "Prestige" Vanderpool is an American hip-hop and R&B record producer. He was once a member of Bad Boy's in-house production team, "The Hitmen", and has also produced on many Bad Boy-related projects. His usual sound is a distinctive combination of funk and more heavily, electronica influences, promoted through his use of samples from Gary Numan, Dominatrix and Duran Duran. This sound is particularly heard on his productions for Jay-Z, Sauce Money, Mase, Mic Geronimo and Shyne.
1970 Austrian Grand Prix
The 1970 Austrian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at the Österreichring on 16 August 1970. It was race 9 of 13 in both the 1970 World Championship of Drivers and the 1970 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. This was the third Austrian Grand Prix, the second as part of the World Championship, and the first at the scenic Österreichring, built to replace the bumpy and bland Zeltweg Airfield circuit.

The 60-lap race was won by Jacky Ickx, driving a Ferrari, after he started from third position. Teammate Clay Regazzoni achieved his first podium finish by coming second, while Rolf Stommelen achieved his only podium finish, coming third in a Brabham-Ford. Local driver and championship leader Jochen Rindt started from pole position in his Lotus-Ford, but retired with an engine failure. It would turn out to be Rindt's final Formula One Grand Prix race start.

Ferrari 312B
The Ferrari 312B is a Formula One racing car designed and built by Scuderia Ferrari. It was the successor to the Ferrari 312 and was used from 1970 until early 1975. The original 312B was developed into the 312B2 and 312B3.
Ryszard Torzecki
Ryszard Torzecki (20 March 1925 in Łódź – 20 August 2003 in Konstancin) was a Polish historian, specializing in the Polish-Ukrainian relations. He graduated from the University of Łódź in 1949, majoring in economics, a field he would work in until 1970. He was a member of the Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences and in the 1990s he served as one of the experts to the Polish parliament (Sejm) with regards to the Polish-Ukrainian relations. He was the author of over 100 scholarly works.

University of Łódź
The University of Łódź (Polish: Uniwersytet Łódzki, Latin: Universitas Lodziensis) is a public research university founded in 1945 in Łódź, Poland, as a continuation of three higher education institutions functioning in Łódź in the interwar period — the Teacher Training Institute (1921–1928), the Higher School of Social and Economic Sciences (1924–1928) and the local division of the Free Polish University of Warsaw (1928–1939).

The University of Łódź is a fully accredited, state-owned, traditional university. It is one of 18 institutions of its type in Poland.

It has more than 25,000 students and 2,600 teachers. Its international cooperation includes 385 partner institutions from all over the world. A range of BA, MA, and postgraduate courses held in English as a language of instruction are offered to Polish and overseas students.
Anteavis
Anteavis (lit. 'before birds') is an extinct genus of early theropod dinosaurs known from the Late Triassic (Carnian age) Ischigualasto Formation of Argentina. The genus contains a single species, Anteavis crurilongus, known from a partial skeleton and skull.

Carnian
The Carnian (less commonly, Karnian) is the lowermost stage of the Upper Triassic Series (or earliest age of the Late Triassic Epoch). It lasted from 237 to 227.3 million years ago (Ma). The Carnian is preceded by the Ladinian and is followed by the Norian. Its boundaries are not characterized by major extinctions or biotic turnovers, but a climatic event (known as the Carnian pluvial episode characterized by substantial rainfall) occurred during the Carnian and seems to be associated with important extinctions or biotic radiations. Another extinction occurred at the Carnian-Norian boundary, ending the Carnian age.
1790 Holy Roman Empire imperial election
The 1790 Holy Roman Empire imperial election was held on 30 September in Frankfurt. The winner was Grand Duke Leopold of the House of Habsburg, who assumed the title of Holy Roman Emperor.

Leopold succeeded his brother Joseph II, who died 20 February 1790. The election was uncontested, with Leopold securing unanimous support from the six voting prince-electors. The election occurred during the Great Turkish War and the early French Revolution.

Golden Bull of 1356
The Golden Bull of 1356 was a decree issued by the Imperial Diet at Nuremberg and Metz (Diet of Metz, 1356/57) headed by the  Emperor Charles IV which fixed, for a period of more than four hundred years, important aspects of the constitutional structure of the Holy Roman Empire. It was named the Golden Bull for the golden seal it carried.

In June 2013, the Golden Bull was included in the UNESCO's Memory of the World Register.
2013 MTV Europe Music Awards
The 2013 MTV EMAs (also known as the MTV Europe Music Awards) were held at the Ziggo Dome, Amsterdam, Netherlands, on 10 November 2013. This was the second time the awards had taken place in the Netherlands, the last time being in 1997.

Several performances of the main show were performed at different locations in Amsterdam than the Ziggo Dome. Dutch DJ Afrojack performed at the Melkweg and was joined by Snoop Lion for the performance of 'Gin and Juice'. The American band Imagine Dragons performed their song 'Radioactive' at the Heineken Music Hall.

AFAS Live
AFAS Live (formerly known as the Heineken Music Hall) is a concert hall in Amsterdam, Netherlands, near the Johan Cruyff Arena. The big hall, named "Black Box" has a capacity of 6,000 and is 3000 m2; a smaller hall for after parties (Beat Box) has a capacity of 700.

The venue opened in 2001 and was sponsored by Heineken until 2017. It attracts around 650,000 visitors per year.
Wahlenbergfjorden
Wahlenbergfjorden, sometimes known in English as Waalenburg Bay, is a fjord on the southwest coast of the Arctic island of Nordaustlandet, in Norway's Svalbard archipelago. At 46 kilometres (29 mi) in length, and 15 km (9.3 mi) wide, it is the fifth longest fjord in the archipelago, and the longest on the island. The fjord separates Gustav V Land in the north from Gustav Adolf Land in the south, at geographical co-ordinates 79°40′N 20°00′E﻿ / ﻿79.667°N 20.000°E﻿ / 79.667; 20.000. Its mouth faces Spitsbergen across Hinlopen Strait, the strait separating the two islands.

The fjord is named for the Swedish naturalist Göran Wahlenberg (1780-1851) and has been known by this name since at least the early 1930s. The glacier of Wahlenbergbreen in Oscar II Land, Spitsbergen, is also named for him.

Geographic coordinate system
A geographic coordinate system (GCS) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude. It is the simplest, oldest, and most widely used type of the various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms the basis for most others. Although latitude and longitude form a coordinate tuple like a cartesian coordinate system, geographic coordinate systems are not cartesian because the measurements are angles and are not on a planar surface.

A full GCS specification, such as those listed in the EPSG and ISO 19111 standards, also includes a choice of geodetic datum (including an Earth ellipsoid), as different datums will yield different latitude and longitude values for the same location.
Coleosporium
Coleosporium is a genus of rust fungi in the family Coleosporiaceae. The genus contains about 100 species. The aecial stages are parasitic on Pinus spp., and the telial stages on a wide range of angiosperms.

Telium
Telium, plural telia, are structures produced by rust fungi as part of the reproductive cycle. They are typically yellow or orange drying to brown or black and are exclusively a mechanism for the release of teliospores which are released by wind or water to infect the alternate host in the rust life-cycle. The telial stage provides an overwintering strategy in the life cycle of a parasitic heteroecious fungus by producing teliospores; this occurs on cedar trees. A primary aecial stage is spent parasitizing a separate host plant which is a precursor in the life cycle of heteroecious fungi. Teliospores are released from the telia in the spring. The spores can spread many kilometers through the air, however most are spread near the host plant.