hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Besbicus maculosus
Besbicus maculosus, formerly Andricus maculosus and Cynips maculosa, also known as the pear gall wasp, is an uncommon species of cynipid wasp that induces galls on oak trees on the west coast of North America. The wasp oviposits on leather oak and scrub oak leaves.  Fresh galls are green. This wasp has been observed in California.

Quercus turbinella
Quercus turbinella is a North American species of oak known by the common names shrub oak, turbinella oak, shrub live oak, and gray oak. It is native to Arizona,  California, New Mexico, Utah, Colorado, and Nevada in the western United States. It also occurs in northern Mexico.
Ein Gedi (archaeological site)
Ein Gedi (Hebrew: עין גדי) was an ancient settlement located in the Judaean Desert, along the western shore of the Dead Sea. In antiquity, it was an important Jewish settlement. The remains of the settlement are part of an archaeological park situated in southern Israel.

Ein Gedi is frequently mentioned in the Bible, in the works of Josephus, in rabbinic literature, and in early Christian sources. The site was inhabited during different periods, and the earliest activity dates to the Chalcolithic period. The ruins, including a 6th-century synagogue, testify to a continuous Jewish settlement in the area between the 5th century BCE to the 7th century CE.

Adjacent to the archaeological park is the Ein Gedi Nature Reserve, a national park known for its oasis, waterfalls, and walking trails. To the south lies modern Ein Gedi, a kibbutz (collective community) established in 1954. The site was excavated in the 20th century.

Edward Robinson (scholar)
Edward Robinson (April 10, 1794 – January 27, 1863) was an American biblical scholar known for his magnum opus, Biblical Researches in Palestine, the first major work in biblical geography and biblical archaeology, which earned him the epithets "Father of Biblical Geography" and "Founder of Modern Palestinology."

He studied in the United States and Germany, centers of biblical scholarship and exploration of the Bible as history. He translated scriptural works from classical languages as well as German translations. His Greek and English Lexicon of the New Testament (1836; last revision, 1850) became a standard authority in the United States and was reprinted several times in Great Britain.
2005–06 Serie A
The 2005–06 Serie A (known as the Serie A TIM for sponsorship reasons) was the 104th season of top-tier Italian football, the 74th in a round-robin tournament. The league commenced on 28 August 2005 and finished on 14 May 2006. While Juventus were originally the first-placed team, this title was put sub judice due to their involvement in the Calciopoli scandal, with Inter Milan instead declared champions by the Italian Football Federation (FIGC) on 26 July 2006, thus winning the title for the first time in 17 years.

Italian Football Federation
The Italian Football Federation (Italian: Federazione Italiana Giuoco Calcio, pronounced [federatˈtsjoːne itaˈljaːna ˈdʒwɔːko ˈkaltʃo]; FIGC [ˌfiddʒitˈtʃi]), known colloquially as Federcalcio (pronounced [federˈkaltʃo]), is the governing body of football in Italy. It is based in Rome and the technical department is in Coverciano, Florence.

It manages and coordinates the Italian football league system. It is also responsible for appointing the management of the Italy national football team (men's), women's, and youth national football teams. The Italy national futsal team also belongs to the federation.
Venus Victrix (Canova)
Pauline Bonaparte as Venus Victrix ("Venus Victorious") is a semi-nude and life-size reclining, neo-Classical portrait sculpture of Pauline Bonaparte by the Italian sculptor Antonio Canova, who revived ancient Roman artistic traditions of portraying mortal individuals in the guise of deities, a beautiful woman reclining on a couch, or reclining hermaphroditi. The sculpture was commissioned by her husband Camillo Borghese and executed in Rome from 1805 to 1808, after the subject's marriage into the Borghese family. It then was moved to Camillo's house in Turin, then to Genoa, only arriving in its present location at the Galleria Borghese in Rome around 1838.

Sleeping Hermaphroditus
Sleeping Hermaphroditus or Sleeping Hermaphrodite (also, "The Borghese Hermaphrodite") is an ancient Roman marble sculpture depicting Hermaphroditus life size; it rests on a marble mattress completed by Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini in 1620. The form is derived from ancient portrayals of Venus and other female nudes, and from feminized Hellenistic portrayals of Dionysus. This subject was widely repeated during the Hellenistic period and in ancient Rome, given the number of versions that have survived.

The sculpture was discovered at Santa Maria della Vittoria in Rome in 1618 and became part of the Borghese Collection. It was sold to France at the end of the 18th century and is currently on display at The Louvre, in Paris.

The Sleeping Hermaphrodite has been described as a good early Imperial Roman copy of a bronze original by the later of the two Hellenistic sculptors named Polycles (working c. 155 BC); the original bronze was mentioned in Pliny's Natural History.
Public Responsibility in Medicine and Research
Public Responsibility in Medicine and Research (PRIM&R) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in Boston, Massachusetts.  The organization was formed in 1974 by a group of researchers who sought to ensure that the concerns and experiences of those working in biomedical research would be reflected in the growing body of federal regulations governing the field.

Among PRIM&R's principal activities are education, membership services, certification programs, public policy initiatives, and professional development programs.  The key constituencies for PRIM&R's programming are human research protection professionals, animal care and use professionals, federal representatives,  institutional officials, researchers and research staff, representatives of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, those working with community and voluntary health organizations, and ethicists.

PRIM&R has a membership of more than 4,000 individuals worldwide.

National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research
National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research was the first public national body to shape bioethics policy in the United States.

Formed in the aftermath of the Tuskegee Experiment scandal, the commission was created in 1974 as Title II of the National Research Act. It was part of the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (DHEW) until 1978.
Sophia Jagiellon, Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach
Sophia Jagiellon (Polish: Zofia Jagiellonka; Lithuanian: Sofija Jogailaitė; 6 May 1464 – 5 October 1512) was a princess of the Kingdom of Poland and of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, member of the Jagiellonian dynasty, great-granddaughter of Emperor Sigismund and by marriage Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach and Brandenburg-Kulmbach.

Born in Kraków, she was the second daughter of Grand Duke of Lithuania and King Casimir IV of Poland and his wife Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria, daughter of the German king Albrecht. She was named after her paternal grandmother, Sophia of Halshany, Queen of Poland.

Sophia was baptised by John Gruszczynski, Bishop of Kraków. There is no information available concerning Sophia's upbringing or education.

Principality of Ansbach
The Principality or Margraviate of (Brandenburg) Ansbach (German: Fürstentum Ansbach or Markgrafschaft Brandenburg-Ansbach) was a free imperial principality in the Holy Roman Empire centered on the Franconian city of Ansbach. The ruling Hohenzollern princes of the land were known as margraves, as their ancestors were margraves (so the principality was a margraviate but not a march).
How to Prepare for Climate Change
How to Prepare for Climate Change: A Practical Guide to Surviving the Chaos is a 2021 book by David Pogue, a science and technology writer best known for his work on CBS News Sunday Morning.

Pogue describes the impact of climate change in various locations, climate mitigation efforts by individuals and businesses, and practical topics such as the business and insurance aspects of climate resilience, personal disaster preparedness, and political and social participation in climate action.

CBS News Sunday Morning
CBS News Sunday Morning (frequently shortened to Sunday Morning) is an American television newsmagazine that has aired on CBS since January 28, 1979. Created by Robert Northshield and E.S. "Bud" Lamoreaux III, and originally hosted by Charles Kuralt, the 90-minute program currently airs Sundays between 9:00 a.m. to 10:30 a.m. EST, and between 6:00 a.m. to 7:30 a.m. PST. Since October 9, 2016, the program has been hosted by Jane Pauley, who also hosts news segments. Her predecessor, Charles Osgood, hosted Sunday Morning for twenty-two years (and is the program's longest-serving host) after taking over from Kuralt on April 10, 1994.
Thomas Kwok
Thomas Kwok Ping-kwong (Chinese: 郭炳江; pinyin: Guō Bǐngjiāng; Cantonese Yale: Gwok Bínggōng; born October 6, 1951) is a Hong Kong billionaire, and the former joint chairman and managing director (with his brother Raymond Kwok) of Sun Hung Kai Properties, the largest property developer in Hong Kong. He received a five-year prison sentence for bribery in 2014.

Billionaire
A billionaire is a person whose net worth is at least one billion units of a given currency, typically USD. It is a sub-category of the concept of the ultra high-net-worth individual. The American business magazine Forbes produces a global list of known U.S. dollar billionaires every year and updates an internet version of this list in real time. The American oil magnate John D. Rockefeller became the world's first confirmed billionaire in 1916.

Nineteen individuals had attained the status of centibillionaires, each with a net worth of at least $100 billion, as of January 2026. As of March 2025, there are 3028 billionaires worldwide, with a combined wealth of over $16.1 trillion, up nearly $2 trillion over 2024.
Athletics at the 1979 Pan American Games – Women's long jump
The women's long jump competition of the athletics events at the 1979 Pan American Games took place on 8 July at the Estadio Sixto Escobar. The defending Pan American Games champion was Ana Alexander of Cuba.

1979 Pan American Games
The 1979 Pan American Games, officially the VIII Pan American Games (Spanish: VIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as San Juan 1979, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization (PASO), and were held in San Juan, Puerto Rico, from July 1 to  July 15, 1979. Volleyball and some baseball matches were held in Caguas, Puerto Rico. The 1980 documentary film A Step Away showcased a number of athletes competing in the Games.
2010 Family Circle Cup – Doubles
Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Nadia Petrova were the defenders of championship title; however, they chose not to play together.
Mattek-Sands partnered up with Yan Zi, but they lost to Natalie Grandin and Abigail Spears in the quarterfinals.
Petrova chose to play with Liezel Huber and they won in the final 6–3, 6–4, against Vania King and Michaëlla Krajicek.

Michaëlla Krajicek
Michaëlla Krajicek (Czech: Michaela Krajíčková; born 9 January 1989) is a Dutch former professional tennis player. She has won three singles and five doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as one WTA 125 doubles title, and 14 titles in singles and 24 in doubles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 11 February 2008, she reached her highest WTA singles ranking of world No. 30. On 23 March 2015, she peaked at No. 23 in the doubles rankings.
Ulf Sandström (pianist)
Ulf Gustaf Sandström (born 18 August 1964) is the foremost representative in Sweden of piano playing and composing in the traditions of boogie-woogie, with a lot of New Orleans flavour. He was born in Colombia to Swedish parents, and has subsequently traveled and lived in a large number of countries. He was taught piano at four in Hungary by the methods of Zoltán Kodály, which focus on learning by ear. His main influence and mentor in music is Clarence "Frogman" Henry from New Orleans. Notably, his live performances are often riddled with surrealistic verbality on the verge of stand-up comedy. His main group is a constantly touring quartet (jump4joy), with over 4000 concerts internationally since 1992. The group has toured since 1992, backing artists such as "Frogman" Henry, Albert King, The Drifters, Tommy Ridgley and James Wheeler. Six albums have been released on Last Buzz Records.

Tommy Ridgley
Thomas Herman Ridgley (October 30, 1925 – August 11, 1999) was an American R&B singer, pianist, songwriter and bandleader in New Orleans, Louisiana. In a musical career lasting half a century Ridgley was a stalwart of the New Orleans rhythm and blues scene.  Although he never had a national hit, unlike several of his contemporaries, he made numerous, popular recordings that sold mainly in New Orleans and Louisiana beginning in 1949 with a final release in 1995. His voice  was variously described as similar to Roy Brown and Bull Moose Jackson and thus able to adapt to a variety of styles: blues, jump blues, rhythm and blues and soul. In the late 1950s, he became bandleader of The Untouchables  with whom he held residencies at important night venues often backing visiting artists.  His recording career consisted of over forty singles and three albums. Most of his recordings have been anthologised on compilations in vinyl and CDs.
Héctor Martínez Colón
Héctor Martínez Colón was a Puerto Rican politician. He served as member of the Senate of Puerto Rico for the District of Ponce from 1969 to 1973. Martínez also served as part of the Puerto Rico House of Representatives.

Puerto Rico senatorial district V
Puerto Rico senatorial district V, also known as the senatorial district of Ponce, is one of the eight senatorial districts of Puerto Rico. It is currently represented by Marially González Huertas and Ramón Ruiz Nieves (both from the Popular Democratic Party).
Shirley Valentine (film)
Shirley Valentine is a 1989 English romantic comedy-drama film directed by Lewis Gilbert. The screenplay by Willy Russell is based on his 1986 one-character play of the same title, which follows middle-aged Shirley Valentine in an unexpected discovery of herself and the rekindling of her childhood dreams and youthful love of life.

Pauline Collins reprises the title role as middle-aged housewife Shirley, which she had previously played in the stage production in London's West End and on Broadway, and Tom Conti plays Costas Dimitriades, the owner of a Greek tavern with whom she has a holiday romance.

Middle age
Middle age  (or middle adulthood) is the age range of the years halfway between young adulthood and old age. The exact range is subject to public debate, but the term is commonly used to denote the age range from 45 to 60 years.
Péry-La Heutte
Péry-La Heutte is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is located in the French-speaking Bernese Jura (Jura Bernois).  On 1 January 2015, the former municipalities of Péry and La Heutte merged to form the new municipality of Péry-La Heutte.

Erguel
Erguël is a medieval seigniory of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Basel, and under protectorate of Biel/Bienne, under military jurisdiction from 1335, in the now called valley of St.-Imier, in the now Bernese Jura, Switzerland.

The Sire of the area used to live in the Château d'Erguel.
Convento de la Santísima Trinidad y Purísima Concepción (Écija)
Convento de la Santísima Trinidad y Purísima Concepción (Convent of the Holy Trinity and Immaculate Conception) is located in Écija, Province of Seville, Spain. It is governed by the Franciscan Conceptionists. Popularly known as Marroquies, it is located a few meters from the Iglesia de la Limpia Concepción de Nuestra Señora. In 1582, the Marroquí sisters, Luisa, Catalina, Ana and Francisca, descendants of one of the oldest families of Ecija, decided to found a monastery of nuns. The blessing of the new church and convent complex occurred on May 21, 1596. It was declared a Bien de Interés Cultural site on November 17, 2009. The simple structure contains its original angular belfry and a collection of paintings, altarpieces, sculptures, and jewelry, featuring Moorish and Andalusian Baroque art.

Province of Seville
The Province of Seville (Spanish: Sevilla) is a province of southern Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It borders the provinces of Málaga and Cádiz in the south, Huelva in the west, Badajoz in the north and Córdoba in the east. Seville is the province's as well as the Andalusian autonomous community's capital.
Midgham Lock
Midgham Lock is a lock on the Kennet and Avon Canal, between Thatcham and Woolhampton, Berkshire, England.

Midgham Lock was built between 1718 and 1723 under the supervision of the engineer John Hore of Newbury. The canal is administered by the Canal & River Trust. The lock has a rise/fall of 7 ft 7 in (2.31 m).

John Hore
John Hore (baptised 13 March 1680 – 12 April 1763) was an English engineer, best known for making the River Kennet and River Avon navigable. Hore was one of the earliest English canal engineers, and Sir Alec Skempton wrote that he was "in the first rank among the navigation engineers". The Hutchinson Chronology of World History described his work on the Kennet navigation as "[setting] a new standard for inland waterways, and is an important forerunner of the canals of the Industrial Revolution".
Isaac Julies
Isaac Frederick Julies (born 12 March 1952) is a South African politician who represented the Democratic Alliance (DA) in the National Assembly from 2006 to 2009. Though not initially elected in 2004, he was sworn in on 22 February 2006 to fill the casual vacancy arising from Sarel Haasbroek's death. He represented the Western Cape constituency and was the DA's spokesperson on public service and administration.

Minister of Public Service and Administration
The minister of public service and administration is a minister in the Cabinet of South Africa. The ministry provides political leadership to the national Department of Public Service and Administration.
Chemoprotective agent
A chemo-protective agent is any drug that helps to reduce the side- effects of chemotherapy. These agents protect specific body parts from harmful anti-cancer treatments that could potentially cause permanent damage to important bodily tissues. Chemo-protective agents have only recently been introduced as a factor involved with chemotherapy with the intent to assist those cancer patients that require treatment, which as an result, improves the patients' quality of life.

Examples include:

Amifostine, approved by the FDA in 1995, which helps prevent kidney damage in patients undergoing cisplatin and carboplatin chemotherapy

Mesna, approved by the FDA in 1988, which helps prevent hemorrhagic cystitis (bladder bleeding) in patients undergoing cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide chemotherapy

Dexrazoxane, approved by the FDA in 1995, which helps prevent heart problems in patients undergoing doxorubicin chemotherapy

Ifosfamide
Ifosfamide, sold under the brand name Ifex among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes testicular cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, osteosarcoma, bladder cancer, small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, and ovarian cancer. It is administered by injection into a vein.

Common side effects include hair loss, vomiting, blood in the urine, infections, and kidney problems. Other severe side effects include bone marrow suppression and decreased level of consciousness. Use during pregnancy will likely result in harm to the baby. Ifosfamide is in the alkylating agent and nitrogen mustard family of medications. It works by disrupting the duplication of DNA and the creation of RNA.

Ifosfamide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1987. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Mother's Happiness
Mother's Happiness is a 1926 Chinese drama film directed by Shi Dongshan and written by Zhu Shouju, starring Zhou Wenzhu as a devoted rural mother who reared 4 children by herself after her husband died from an accident. It is one of the earliest extant Chinese films, but a portion is still missing. Like most Chinese films from this period, it is a black-and-white silent film with both Chinese and English intertitles.

The English title is ironic, because the mother in the story hardly enjoyed any happiness in her life.

Zhu Shouju
Zhu Shouju (1892 – 31 December 1966), born Zhu Junbo, also known by his pen name Haishang Shuomengren or "Shanghai Dream Narrator", was a Chinese author and filmmaker based in Shanghai.

He began his career as a writer of serialized novels. In 1924 he became the chief editor of Movie Magazine (電影雜誌) and in the same year founded the Lilium Pictures Company (百合影片公司). In 1925, it merged with another film company to become the Great China Lilium Pictures Company (大中華百合影片公司), with Zhu serving as its general manager. Zhu directed at least 15 films in the 1920s, including at least 3 starring Ruan Lingyu, who later became a superstar. The majority of his films have been lost, but his 1925 film The Stormy Night was accidentally re-discovered in Tokyo, Japan in the 21st century.
Alaska Peninsula National Wildlife Refuge
The Alaska Peninsula National Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge in  southwestern Alaska whose use is regulated as an ecological-protection measure. It stretches along the southern coast of the Alaska Peninsula, between the Becharof National Wildlife Refuge on its east and the end of the peninsula at False Pass in the west. In between, however, it is broken into sections by lands of the Aniakchak National Monument and Izembek National Wildlife Refuge. The refuge is administered from offices in King Salmon, Alaska and was established to conserve Alaska Peninsula brown bears, caribou, moose, marine mammals, shorebirds, other migratory birds and fish, and to comply with treaty obligations.

False Pass, Alaska
False Pass (Aleut: Isanax̂) is a city on Unimak Island, in the Aleutians East Borough of southwestern Alaska, United States. The population was 397 in the 2020 census, but only 35 are resident year-round; many fish processing plant workers are seasonal.
PMB
PMB can stand for:

Phenylmagnesium bromide, a reagent

p-Methoxybenzyl, in the benzyl group

Nickname of Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Picture Motion Browser, Sony software

PMB (software), a library system

Postmenopausal bleeding, a menstrual condition

Print Measurement Bureau, a Canadian media surveying company

Private Mail Bag, a service provided by some postal authorities

Private mailbox at a commercial mail receiving agency

Pro-Música Brasil, record label body

Brazilian Woman's Party, brazilian right-wing party

Pierre-Marc Bouchard (born 1984), Canadian ice hockey player

Brazilian Music Award or Prêmio da Música Brasileira

Vividata
Vividata is a Toronto-based not-for-profit research organization that provides impact and marketing data on print media readership in Canada.

Vividata resulted from a 2014 merger between the Print Measurement Bureau (PMB) and the Newspaper Audience Databank (NADbank). The merged company temporarily used the name Amalco. The non-profit PMB traced itself back to 1973, when it conducted its first national print survey. PMB conducted surveys to assess the level of readership for many magazines sold in Canada, and also conducts industry-specific surveys such as for medical profession publications. NADbank's work had significant overlap with PMB. Vividata also has a custom syndicated survey division known as Vivintel.