hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cayman Ridge
The Cayman Ridge is an undersea mountain range on the northern margin of the Cayman Trough in the Caribbean Sea. It extends from the Sierra Maestra in the east to the Misteriosa Bank and Rosario Bank in the west, a distance of about 1,500 km (930 mi). The Cayman Ridge also includes the Cayman Islands.

The ridge formed as an island arc when the Cayman Trough was the site of a subduction zone during the Paleocene and Eocene epochs. As the dynamics of the area changed, the subduction zone became a transform fault zone with a pull-apart basin during which time volcanism had dwindled along the entire length of the arc. The Cayman Ridge is now an inactive volcanic zone.

Undersea mountain range
Undersea mountain ranges are mountain ranges that are mostly or entirely underwater, and specifically under the surface of an ocean. If originated from current tectonic forces, they are often referred to as a mid-ocean ridge. In contrast, if formed by past above-water volcanism, they are known as a seamount chain. The largest and best known undersea mountain range is a mid-ocean ridge, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It has been observed that, "similar to those on land, the undersea mountain ranges are the loci of frequent volcanic and earthquake activity".
Pronolagus humpatensis
Pronolagus humpatensis is a small-sized fossil species of lagomorph that lived during the Pleistocene epoch on the Humpata Plateau of Huíla, Angola. Its remains have been identified in limestone rocks found in the karsts of Huíla Province. The species is known from fragmented leg, skull and jaw bones from multiple individuals. Fossils have also been found in Namibia that may correspond to the species. It was first described in a 2022 survey of extant and fossil Pronolagus species by Sevket Sen and Martin Pickford, and was assigned to the genus mainly based on dental characteristics. It is one of only a few African fossil lagomorphs described.

Premolar
The premolars, also called premolar teeth, or bicuspids, are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth. In humans, there are two premolars per quadrant in the permanent set of teeth, making eight premolars total in the mouth.  They have at least two cusps.  Premolars can be considered transitional teeth during chewing, or mastication. They have properties of both the canines, that lie anterior and molars that lie posterior, and so food can be transferred from the canines to the premolars and finally to the molars for grinding, instead of directly from the canines to the molars.
WRKT
WRKT (104.9 FM, "Rocket 105") is an active rock radio station in Erie, Pennsylvania. The station is owned by iHeartMedia. WRKT's studios are located in the Boston Store building in downtown Erie while its transmitter is located near NE Sherman Road and Miller Road in Chautauqua County, New York. It plays both old, new, and next rock songs plus an array of sports.

Active rock
Active rock is a radio format used by many commercial radio stations across the United States and Canada. Active rock stations play a balance of new hard rock songs with valued classic rock favorites, normally with an emphasis on the harder edge of mainstream rock and album-oriented rock.
Lynette Russell
Lynette Wendy Russell, AM, FASSA, FAHA is an Australian historian, known for her work on the history of Indigenous Australians; in particular, anthropological history (especially during the early colonial period of Australia and the 19th century); archaeology; gender and race, Indigenous oral history, and museum studies.

Australian Laureate Fellowship
The Australian Laureate Fellowship is an Australian professorial research fellowship awarded by the Australian Research Council. Fellows are chosen each year for five-year awards. In 2023 8 industry-focused Laureate Fellowships were awarded for the first time.
Fernando Mayans Canabal
Fernando Enrique Mayans Canabal (born 5 April 1963) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD).

In the 2006 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent Tabasco's 4th district during the 60th session of Congress (2006–2009).

In the 2012 general election he was elected to the Senate for the state of Tabasco (62nd and 63rd congressional sessions). He also served as a local deputy in the Congress of Tabasco in 2001–2003.

LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXII Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 62nd session of the Congress of Mexico, met from September 1, 2012, to August 31, 2015. It consisted of Senators and Deputies in their respective chambers. All members of both the lower and upper houses of the Congress were elected in the elections of July 2012.

Senators were elected for a six-year term during the 2012 elections, allowing them to serve in both the LXII and subsequent legislatures. Deputies, also elected in the 2012 elections, served exclusively during the LXII Legislature.

The composition of the LXII Legislature was as follows:
Tracy Porter (wide receiver)
Tracy Randolph Porter (born June 1, 1959) is an American social activist, entrepreneur and former professional football player. He played as a wide receiver for the Detroit Lions and Baltimore/Indianapolis Colts in the National Football League (NFL).

Porter studied Business Administration at Louisiana State University in 1983. He played college football for the LSU Tigers. He is the CEO of Premiere Solutions, a fleet-management company based in California.

Porter is on the executive committee of the Sigma Pi Phi fraternity where he heads the national initiative to increase African-American diversity on company boards and is the chairman of the board at the National Football League Alumni Association.

He is not related to former New Orleans Saints cornerback Tracy Porter, although the younger Porter is a native of Port Allen, Louisiana, which sits on the opposite bank of the Mississippi River from Baton Rouge,, the elder Porter's hometown and home to LSU.

LSU Tigers football
The LSU Tigers football program, also known as the Fighting Tigers, represents Louisiana State University in college football. The Tigers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC).

LSU ranks 16th best in winning percentage in NCAA Division I FBS history and claims four national championships (1958, 2003, 2007, and 2019), 16 conference championships, and over 40 consensus All-Americans. Three players for the Tigers have won the Heisman Trophy: Billy Cannon (1959), Joe Burrow (2019), and Jayden Daniels (2023).

The team plays on the university's campus at Tiger Stadium in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The program's current head coach is Lane Kiffin.
Abdul-Rahman Al-Sudais
Abdul Rahman ibn Abdul Aziz al-Sudais (Arabic: عَبْدُ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلسُّدَيْسِ, romanized: ʻAbd ar-Raḥman ibn ʻAbd al-ʻAziz as-Sudais), better known as al-Sudais, is the Chief Imam of the Grand Mosque, Masjid al-Haram in Makkah, Saudi Arabia; the President of the Affairs of the Two Holy Mosques; a renowned Qāriʾ (reciter of the Qur'an); he was the Dubai International Holy Qur'an Award's "Islamic Personality Of the Year" in 2005.
Al-Sudais has preached Islam's opposition to "explosions and terrorism", and has called for peaceful inter-faith dialogue, but also been criticized for vilifying non-Muslims. He has denounced the treatment of Palestinians by Israeli settlers and the state of Israel, and called for more aid to be sent to Palestinians. In 2016, he delivered the very important Hajj sermon to a multitude of pilgrims gathered at Arafat after prayers.

Khutbah
A khutbah (Arabic: خُطْبَة, khuṭba; Persian: خطبه, khotbeh; Turkish: hutbe) serves as the primary formal occasion for public preaching in the Islamic tradition. Someone who gives the khutbah is referred to as a khatib.

Such sermons occur regularly, as prescribed by the teachings of all legal schools. The Islamic tradition can be formally observed at the congregation prayer on Friday. In addition, similar sermons are called for on the two festival days (Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha) and after Solar and Lunar Eclipse prayer, as well as after the Rain prayer.
William White (Secretary of State)
William White (1762–1811) was the second North Carolina Secretary of State, serving from 1798 until 1811.

White represented Lenoir County in the state legislature, first in the North Carolina House of Commons and then in the North Carolina Senate, from the county's creation in 1792 until the legislature appointed him Secretary of State in 1798.  The same year he built the White-Holman House, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.

He was served as Intendant of Police (mayor) of Raleigh from 1803-1806.

In 1811, White died in office. The legislature elected his former clerk, William Hill, to succeed him.

White's father-in-law was Governor Richard Caswell. White's daughter, Eleanor, married Governor David L. Swain in 1826.

Richard Caswell
Richard Caswell (August 3, 1729 – November 10, 1789) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the first and fifth governor of the U.S. state of North Carolina from 1776 to 1780 and from 1785 to 1787. He also served as a senior officer of militia in the Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War. As a delegate to the First Continental Congress, he was a signatory of the 1774 Continental Association.
Volocopter
Volocopter GmbH (formerly called E-Volo GmbH) is a German aircraft manufacturer based in Bruchsal (near Karlsruhe) and founded by Alexander Zosel and Stephan Wolf. The company specializes in the design of electric multirotor helicopters in the form of personal air vehicles, designed for air taxi use. The CEO is Dirk Hoke and chairman Stefan Klocke.

Aerospace manufacturer
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, or spacecraft. Aerospace is a high technology industry.

The aircraft industry is the industry supporting aviation by building aircraft and manufacturing aircraft parts for their maintenance.  This includes aircraft and parts used for civil aviation and military aviation. Most production is done pursuant to type certificates and Defense Standards issued by a government body. This term has been largely subsumed by the more encompassing term: "aerospace industry".
Ulman, Missouri
Ulman is an unincorporated community in southern Miller County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Missouri Route C, approximately three miles southwest of Missouri Route 17 and about five miles south of Tuscumbia and the Osage River.

The community bears the name of Joseph Ulman, a first settler. An early variant name was "Ulman's Ridge". A post office called Ulman's Ridge was established in 1857, and the name was changed to Ulman in 1895.

Missouri Route 17
Route 17 is a highway in central and southern Missouri.  Its northern terminus is at U.S. Route 54 in Eugene, which is six miles (10 km) northeast of Eldon; its southern terminus is at the Arkansas state line where it continues into Arkansas as Highway 395.  Between Waynesville and east of Laquey, part of the road was historic U.S. Route 66.
South of Interstate 44, Route 17 enters the Mark Twain National Forest and passes through the western edge of Fort Leonard Wood.

Originally, Route 17 terminated at Mountain View.

In 2021, a section of the route in Howell, Texas County, Missouri was reduced for improvements.
Berniece Heffner
Berniece B. "Bunny" Heffner (1897 or 1898 – May 24, 1989) was an American labor unionist.

Born in Tiffin, Ohio, Heffner studied at Heidelberg College before in 1919 moving to Fort Sill, Oklahoma, to work as a typist.  In 1935, she was appointed as the first secretary-treasurer of the American Federation of Government Employees, moving to Washington DC.  In the role, she served on numerous government commissions and labor boards.  She also served as acting president of the union on three occasions, when incumbents resigned or died.

In 1953, Heffner moved to become Director of Personnel for the International Brotherhood of Teamsters.  She served in the post until her retirement in 1974.

Tiffin, Ohio
Tiffin is a city in Seneca County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. Developed along the Sandusky River, Tiffin is located about 55 miles (89 km) southeast of Toledo. The population was 17,953 at the 2020 census.

It is the home of Heidelberg University and Tiffin University. At one time the city was noted as a glass and porcelain manufacturing center. The National Arbor Day Foundation has designated Tiffin as a Tree City USA.
Kleptuza Glacier
Kleptuza Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Клептуза, romanized: lednik Kleptuza, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik klɛpˈtuzɐ]) is a 6 km long and 6 km wide glacier draining the east slopes of Mount Hector in the Trojan Range and the north slopes of Osterrieth Range on Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. Situated southeast of Thamyris Glacier and west of Altimir Glacier.  Flowing northwards to enter Fournier Bay east of Madzharovo Point and west of Studena Point.

The glacier is named after the karst spring of Kleptuza in southern Bulgaria.

Anvers Island
Anvers Island or Antwerp Island or Antwerpen Island or Isla Amberes is a high, mountainous island 61 km (38 miles) long, the largest in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. It was discovered by John Biscoe in 1832 and named in 1898 by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Adrien de Gerlache after the province of Antwerp in Belgium. It lies south-west of Brabant Island at the south-western end of the group. The south-western coastline of the island forms part of the Southwest Anvers Island and Palmer Basin Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA 7). Cormorant Island, an Important Bird Area, lies 1 km off the south coast.

There is a small science outpost called Palmer Station on the south end of Anvers island since the late 1960s; it is the smallest and farthest north of three the U.S. has on the continent. It is staffed by a few dozen people mostly doing marine and biology research, and is usually resupplied by ship as it has no regular airport.
William Otto Brunner
William Otto Brunner (7 July 1878 – 1 December 1958) was a Swiss astronomer.

From 1926 until 1945 he was the director of the Swiss Federal Observatory. He continued the series of Zürich sunspot observations that was begun by Rudolf Wolf, succeeding the previous director, Alfred Wolfer. These observations continue up to the present, at the Royal Observatory of Belgium.

The crater Brunner on the Moon is named after him.

Sunspot number
The Wolf number (also known as the relative sunspot number or Zürich number) is a quantity that measures the number of sunspots and groups of sunspots present on the surface of the Sun. Historically, it was only possible to detect sunspots on the far side of the Sun indirectly using helioseismology. Since 2006, NASA's STEREO spacecrafts allow their direct observation.
Nicholas Snethen
Nicholas Snethen (November 15, 1769 – May 30, 1845) was an American farmer, itinerant preacher, minister, and church leader.

He served as chaplain of the US House of Representatives and was a founder of the Methodist Protestant Church in the United States.  He was referred to as  "my silver trumpet" by Rev. Francis Asbury.

Francis Asbury
Francis Asbury (August 20 or 21, 1745 – March 31, 1816) was a British-American Methodist minister who became one of the first two bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States. During his 45 years in the colonies and the newly independent United States, he devoted his life to ministry, traveling on horseback and by carriage thousands of miles to those living on the frontier.

Asbury spread Methodism in British colonial America and the United States as part of the Second Great Awakening. He also founded several schools during his lifetime, although his own formal education was limited. His journal is valuable to scholars for its account of frontier society, with references to many towns and villages in Colonial America.  Along with John and Charles Wesley, Asbury is often celebrated as one of the founders of the Methodist Church in the USA.
Sam Marshall House
The Sam Marshall House is a historic house in rural Searcy County, Arkansas.  It is located southeast of Morning Star, on the west side of County Road 163.  It is a single-story log structure, rectangular in plan, with a roof whose front gable extends over a porch supported by square columns.  The logs were apparently hand-hewn, and joined by dovetailed notches.  Built in 1929, it is one of the latest examples of log construction in the county.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

Gable roof
A gable roof is a roof consisting of two sections whose upper horizontal edges meet to form its ridge. The most common roof shape in cold or temperate climates, it is constructed of rafters, roof trusses or purlins. The pitch of a gable roof can vary greatly.
Naila Musayeva
Naila Musaeva (Azerbaijani: Nailə Fuad qızı Musayeva) is a professor at the Department of Information Technologies and Systems at the Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction. She is also Doctor of Engineering, Professor, and Head of Laboratory at the Institute of Control Systems of ANAS.

Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction
Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction (AUAC; Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Memarlıq və İnşaat Universiteti) is a state university located in Baku, Azerbaijan, specializing in civil engineering and architecture. The university was established in 1975 as a spin-off from the Azerbaijan Technical University, named Azerbaijan Civil Engineering Institute.
Sugarloaf (West Wicklow)
Sugarloaf is a 552 metres (1,811 ft) peak in west County Wicklow, Ireland that lies on the northern edge of the Glen of Imaal.  With a prominence of only 14 metres (46 ft), it is not listed in any of the recognised categories of mountains in Ireland, and is a subsidiary summit of Lobawn 636 metres (2,087 ft), to the north.

Sugarloaf should not be confused with the better known Great Sugar Loaf 501 metres (1,644 ft), and the Little Sugar Loaf 342 metres (1,122 ft) in the northeastern section of the Wicklow Mountains.

Glen of Imaal
The Glen of Imaal (/ˈɪmɑːl/ or /ˈiːmɑːl/; Irish: Gleann Uí Mháil) is a remote glen in the western Wicklow Mountains in Ireland. It is ringed by the Lugnaquilla massif and its foothills, including Table Mountain and Keadeen. Much of the valley is used by the Irish Army as an artillery firing range, and hill walkers who use the glen are advised to observe the times of firing practice and to refrain from picking up strange objects.

The Glen of Imaal is the subject of an eponymously titled Irish folk song, and also the place of origin of the eponymous dog breed, the Glen of Imaal Terrier.
2017 Stockholm Open
The 2017 Stockholm Open (also known as the Intrum Stockholm Open for sponsorship purposes) was a professional men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 49th edition of the tournament, and part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2017 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Kungliga tennishallen in Stockholm, Sweden from 16 October until 22 October 2017. Fourth-seeded Juan Martín del Potro  won the singles title.

Mikael Ymer
Mikael Ymer (born 9 September 1998) is a Swedish professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 50, achieved on 17 April 2023. In the ATP doubles ranking his career high is No. 187, achieved in October 2017. He is the current No. 5 Swedish singles player. Ymer was the No. 1 Swedish player until 2023.
Red Road from Stalingrad
Red Road from Stalingrad is a war memoir written by Mansur Abdulin, published in Russian in 1991 and in English in 2004. In it, Abdulin recounts his service in the 293rd Rifle Division, which became the 66th Guards Rifle Division, in 1942-43. Abdulin joined the division while it was rebuilding in Buzuluk in the late summer of 1942, and he served for about a year, until he was severely wounded in action in November, 1943, during the Battle of the Dnieper. Abdulin's book is one of the first of many memoirs of ordinary Red Army soldiers (enlisted men and junior officers) that have been published in English since the end of the Cold War, giving English readers a deeper understanding of the Soviet-German War from the Soviet side.

Buzuluk, Orenburg Oblast
Buzuluk (Russian: Бузулу́к) is a town in Orenburg Region, Russia, located on the Samara, Buzuluk, and Domashka Rivers, 246 kilometers (153 mi) northwest of Orenburg and 170 kilometers (110 mi) southeast of Samara.  Population:  82,904 (2010 Census); 87,286 (2002 Census); 83,994 (1989 Soviet census).
1980 Air Canada Cup
The 1980 Air Canada Cup was Canada's second annual national midget 'AAA' hockey championship, which was played April 15 – 20, 1980 at the Cornwall Civic Complex in Cornwall, Ontario.  The Notre Dame Hounds won their first national championship, defeating the Gouverneurs de Ste-Foy in the gold medal game.  The North Shore Winter Club of North Vancouver, British Columbia won the bronze medal.

The two most notable players in this tournament were future Hall of Famers Steve Yzerman of the Nepean Raiders and Ron Francis of the Sault Ste. Marie Legion.  Other future National Hockey League players competing were Lyndon Byers, Brian Curran, Dean Evason, Gary Leeman, Gerard Gallant, Ron Hextall, James Patrick, Darren Pang, and Gord Kluzak Michel Petit.

Gary Leeman
Gary Spencer Leeman (born February 19, 1964) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player in the NHL. In 1990, he became the second Toronto Maple Leaf player ever to score 50 goals or more in a single NHL season, after Rick Vaive did it in 1981-82.
Milnor conjecture (knot theory)
In knot theory, the Milnor conjecture says that the slice genus of the  torus knot is

It is in a similar vein to the Thom conjecture.

The conjecture (named after John Milnor) was first proved by gauge theoretic methods by Peter Kronheimer and Tomasz Mrowka. Jacob Rasmussen later gave a purely combinatorial proof using Khovanov homology, by means of the s-invariant.

Combinatorial proof
In mathematics, the term combinatorial proof is often used to mean either of two types of mathematical proof:

A proof by double counting.  A combinatorial identity is proven by counting the number of elements of some carefully chosen set in two different ways to obtain the different expressions in the identity. Since those expressions count the same objects, they must be equal to each other and thus the identity is established.

A bijective proof.  Two sets are shown to have the same number of members by exhibiting a bijection, i.e. a one-to-one correspondence, between them.

The term "combinatorial proof" may also be used more broadly to refer to any kind of elementary proof in combinatorics. However, as Glass (2003) writes in his review of Benjamin & Quinn (2003) (a book about combinatorial proofs), these two simple techniques are enough to prove many theorems in combinatorics and number theory.
2008 Adelaide 500
The 2008 Clipsal 500 Adelaide, known for naming rights reasons as the 2008 Clipsal 500,  was Round 1 of the 2008 V8 Supercar Championship Series. It was held from 21 to 24 February around the inner city streets of Adelaide, the capital of South Australia. The Adelaide 500 is a unique event where the round results are determined by the results from the second race, rather that the driver with the most points from the weekend. This means that the winner of the round does not necessarily lead the championship after the event.

James Courtney
James Anthony Courtney (born 29 June 1980) is an Australian racing driver competing in the Repco Supercars Championship. He currently drives the No. 7 Ford Mustang GT for Blanchard Racing Team. Courtney won the 2010 V8 Supercar Championship Series driving for the Dick Johnson Racing team.