hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Culp Darrah
William Culp Darrah (1909 – 1989) was an American professor of biology at Gettysburg College in Pennsylvania. He also had an interest in, and published several works on, 19th-century photography.

Born in Reading, Pennsylvania, his was a specialist in paleobotany. Darrah was a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, as well a member of Sigma Xi and the Botanical Society of America.

As an authority on the history of photography, he authored several books about 19th-century photo processes and photographers. As part of his interest in early photography, he assembled a collection of over 60,000 cartes-de-visite, which is now held at Penn State University.

He died in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

Botanical Society of America
The Botanical Society of America (BSA) represents professional and amateur botanists, researchers, educators and students in over 80 countries of the world. It functions as a United States nonprofit 501(c)(3)  membership society.
Musulman Dzholomanov
Musulman Dzholomanov (born 21 June 1997) is a Kyrgyzstani middle-distance runner. In 2019, he competed in the men's 1500 metres at the 2019 World Athletics Championships held in Doha, Qatar. He finished in 38th place in the heats.

In 2017, he competed in the men's 800 metres event at the Asian Athletics Championships held in Bhubaneswar, India. In the same year, he represented Kyrgyzstan at the 2017 Summer Universiade held in Taipei, Taiwan in the men's 1500 metres event. He did not qualify to compete in the final. In 2018, he represented Kyrgyzstan at the 2018 Asian Games held in Jakarta, Indonesia. He competed in the men's 800 metres and men's 1500 metres events.

In 2019, he competed in the men's 800 metres and men's 1500 metres events at the 2019 Asian Athletics Championships held in Doha, Qatar. In the 800 metres event he did not advance to compete in the final and in the 1500 metres event he finished in 10th place in the final.

Kyrgyzstan at the 2018 Asian Games
The Kyrgyzstan competed at the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia, from 18 August to 2 September 2018. Kyrgyzstan made its first appearance at the Asian Games in 1994 Hiroshima, and the best achievement was in the 2002 Busan, with a gold, 5 silver and 6 bronze medals. At the last edition in Incheon, Kyrgyzstan managed to claim 2 silver and 4 bronze medals.
Zillisheim
Zillisheim (Alsatian: Zellesa or Zìllesa) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of Alsace in north-eastern France. It forms part of the Mulhouse Alsace Agglomération, the inter-communal local government body for the Mulhouse conurbation.

Mulhouse Alsace Agglomération
The Mulhouse Alsace Agglomération is the Communauté d'agglomération, a type of local government structure, covering the metropolitan area of the city of Mulhouse in the department of Haut-Rhin and the region of Grand Est, northeastern France. Its area is 439.2 km2. Its population was 274,066 in 2018, of which 108,942 in Mulhouse proper. The current president of the agglomeration community is Fabian Jordan, elected January 2017.
Saskatchewan Research Network
Saskatchewan Research Network Incorporated (SRNET) is a research and education network providing networking service support education, research and innovation in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. SRNET is member-driven and is a not-for-profit member of Canada's National Research and Education Network, which provides dedicated high speed network access to institutions and companies across Canada.  SRNet also provides members access to CANARIE, a dedicated network that links similar research networks. The network also interconnects high performance computing resources within the province. SRNET's members link in to 112 international advanced networks in over 80 countries. Membership is open to all research, education and innovation organizations and institutions in Saskatchewan.

Their primary office is located in Regina, Saskatchewan, in the IT Building at Innovation Place research park.

Network service
In computer networking, a network service is an application running at the network layer and above, that provides data storage, manipulation, presentation, communication or other capability which is often implemented using a client–server or peer-to-peer architecture based on application layer network protocols.

Each service is usually provided by a server component running on one or more computers (often a dedicated server computer offering multiple services) and accessed via a network by client components running on other devices. However, the client and server components can both be run on the same machine.

Clients and servers will often have a user interface, and sometimes other hardware associated with it.
1734 Zhongolovich
1734 Zhongolovich, provisional designation 1928 TJ, is a carbonaceous Dorian asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 28 kilometers in diameter.

It was discovered on 11 October 1928, by Russian astronomer Grigory Neujmin at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. It was later named after Russian astronomer and geodesist Ivan Zhongolovich.

Simeiz Observatory
Simeiz Observatory (also spelled Simeis or Simeïs) was an astronomy research observatory until the mid-1950s. It is located on Mount Koshka, Crimea, by the town of Simeiz.

Part of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, it is currently used for laser based studies of the orbits of satellites.

The Minor Planet Center (MPC) credits Simeiz Observatory as the location where a total of 150 minor planets were discovered by astronomers Grigory Neujmin, Sergey Belyavsky, Vladimir Albitsky, Grigory Shajn, Nikolaj Ivanov, Pelageya Shajn, Praskov'ja Parchomenko, Alexander Deutsch and Evgenij Skvorcov.

As of 2017, the discovery of the minor planet 369010 Ira is directly credited to Simeiz Observatory by the MPC.
Iain Sydie
Iain Sydie (born November 12, 1969, in North York, Ontario) is a badminton player from Canada, who won the silver medal in the inaugural men's singles competition at the 1995 Pan American Games. He also took away a gold from that tournament. A resident of Calgary, Alberta, he represented Canada at the 1996 Summer Olympics. Together with his mixed doubles partner Denyse Julien, they become the first North American players to gain a top ten world ranking in February 1998.

Badminton at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Badminton at the 1996 Summer Olympics included the four events (men's and women's singles, men's and women's doubles) as well as a new event:  mixed doubles.  An additional change to the tournament was the playoff game for the bronze medal rather than the awarding of two bronzes. The tournament was single-elimination.  Matches consisted of three sets, with sets being to 15 except. The tournament was held at the Georgia State University gymnasium.
Promenade Theatre Orchestra
Promenade Theatre Orchestra (PTO) was an English quartet founded by John White in 1969 and consisted of the composer/performers White, Christopher Hobbs, Alec Hill, and Hugh Shrapnel.  Although not one of the Scratch Orchestra's so-called 'sub-groups', the PTO often shared concerts and tours with the Scratch Orchestra as a distinct ensemble.

Alec Hill
Alec Jeffrey Hill AM, MBE, ED (2 July 1916 – 27 August 2008) was an Australian military historian and academic best known for his biography of General Sir Harry Chauvel and his work on the Australian Dictionary of Biography.
1969 European Competition for Women's Football
The 1969 European Competition for Women's Football was a women's association football tournament contested by European nations. It took place in Italy from 1 to 2 November 1969, and was organised by the FICF (Federazione Italiana Calcio Femminile).

The tournament featured 4 teams, with games staged in Novara, Aosta and Turin. Considered unofficial because it was not run under the auspices of UEFA, it was a precursor to the UEFA Women's Championship. Italy won the tournament, beating Denmark 3–1 in the final.

Aosta
Aosta (official French: Aoste; Valdôtain: Aoûta) is the principal city of the Aosta Valley, a bilingual region in the Alps, 110 km (68 mi) north-northwest of Turin, Italy. It is situated near the Italian entrance of the Mont Blanc Tunnel and the Great St Bernard Tunnel, at the confluence of the Buthier and the Dora Baltea, and at the junction of the Great and Little St Bernard Pass routes.
Hibbertia gracilipes
Hibbertia gracilipes is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, multi-stemmed shrub that typically grows to a height of 15–60 cm (5.9–23.6 in). It blooms between March and December producing yellow flowers. First formally described in 1863 by George Bentham in Flora Australiensis, the specific epithet (gracilipes) means "thin foot", referring to the peduncles.

This species is found in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest and Mallee biogeographic regions in the south-west of Western Australia where it grows on rocky hillsides and sandplains.

Coolgardie bioregion
Coolgardie is an Australian bioregion  consisting of an area of low hills and plains of infertile sandy soil in Western Australia. It has an area of 129,122.09 square kilometres (49,854.32 sq mi). It includes much of the Great Western Woodlands.
Shun Lee Palace
Shun Lee Palace is a Chinese restaurant located at 155 East 55th Street, between Lexington Avenue and Third Avenue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. It claims to be the birthplace of orange beef. It opened in 1971. One year later, Shun Lee Palace's master chef T.T. Wang and partner Michael Tong opened Hunam Restaurant at 845 Second Avenue, the first Hunan restaurant in the country, paving the road for others.

General Tso's chicken, crisp sea bass Hunan style and crisp orange flavored beef are all attributed to chef Wang at Hunam Restaurant.

In a 2003 interview, proprietor Michael Tong estimated that 70% of his clientele is Jewish and that he goes out of his way to accommodate them – including being open on Christmas and catering to kosher customers.

Hunan cuisine
Hunan cuisine, also known as Xiang cuisine, consists of the cuisines of the Xiang River region, Dongting Lake and western Hunan Province in China. It is one of the Eight Great Traditions of Chinese cuisine and is well known for its hot and spicy flavours, fresh aroma and deep colours. Despite this, only about 20% of the cuisine uses capsicum to produce a strong spicy taste. Common cooking techniques include stewing, frying, pot-roasting, braising and smoking. Due to the high agricultural output of the region, many different ingredients are used in Hunan dishes.
Life's What You Make It (Talk Talk song)
"Life's What You Make It" is a song by English band Talk Talk, initially released in Germany on 18 November 1985 as the first single from the band's third studio album The Colour of Spring, before being released in the UK on 6 January 1986 and becoming a hit, peaking at No. 16, and charted in numerous other countries, often reaching the top 20. It appeared at No. 90 on the Billboard Hot 100 the weeks of February 15 and 22, 1986.

Artist James Marsh created the single's cover illustration. The track was re-released as a single in 1990, charting for a second time.

Tim Friese-Greene
Timothy Alan Friese-Greene is an English musician and producer. He worked with the band Talk Talk from 1983 to their breakup in 1991. He currently releases solo albums under the name Heligoland. He is the grandson of filmmaker Claude Friese-Greene and great-grandson of photographer and inventor William Friese-Greene.
Ectopocynus
Ectopocynus ("strange dog") is an extinct genus of bone crushing canid which inhabited North America from the Oligocene to the Early Miocene. It lived from 33.3 to 16.0 Ma and existed for approximately 17.3 million years.

Remains of Ectopocynus are limited to mandibles and teeth only. These reveal that the animal had simple, robust, and blunt yet massive premolars and reduced or lost cusps on the lower molars. In this respect, Ectopocynus had many of the characteristics of Enhydrocyon. This dentition suggests this animal was a hypercarnivore or mesocarnivore.

Premolar
The premolars, also called premolar teeth, or bicuspids, are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth. In humans, there are two premolars per quadrant in the permanent set of teeth, making eight premolars total in the mouth.  They have at least two cusps.  Premolars can be considered transitional teeth during chewing, or mastication. They have properties of both the canines, that lie anterior and molars that lie posterior, and so food can be transferred from the canines to the premolars and finally to the molars for grinding, instead of directly from the canines to the molars.
Tatar Dam
The Tatar Dam is an earth-fill dam on the Peri River (a tributary of the Euphrates), near the village of Tatarköy in Kovancılar district of Elazığ Province, Turkey. Its primary purpose is hydroelectric power generation and is the sixth and last dam in the Peri River cascade, before Lake Keban. Construction on the dam began in 2008 and it began impounding its reservoir in early 2013. The power station was commissioned in late 2015. Its two generators were commissioned in February/March 2015. The 82 m (269 ft) tall dam withholds a reservoir of 299,570,000 m3 (242,870 acre⋅ft). It is owned and operated by Limak Energy and Bilgin Energy.

Embankment dam
An embankment dam is a large artificial dam. It is typically created by the placement and compaction of a complex semi-plastic mound of various compositions of soil or rock. It has a water-resistant natural covering for its surface, and may feature a dense, watertight core to resist surface or seepage erosion. Such a dam is composed of fragmented independent material particles. The friction and interaction of particles binds the particles together into a stable mass rather than by the use of a cementing substance.
25th Arizona State Legislature
The 25th Arizona State Legislature, consisting of the Arizona State Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives, was constituted in Phoenix from January 1, 1961, to December 31, 1962, during the second of three terms of Paul Fannin's time as Governor of Arizona. The number of senators remained constant at two per county, totaling 28, and the members of the house of representatives also held steady at 80. The Republicans picked up three seats in the upper house, but the Democrats still had a 24–4 edge.   In the House the Republicans picked up two seats, leaving the Democrats with a 52–28 edge.

Arizona House of Representatives
The Arizona House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Arizona. The upper house is the Senate. The House convenes in the legislative chambers at the Arizona State Capitol in Phoenix. Its members are elected to two-year terms, with a term limit of four consecutive terms (eight years). Each of the state's 30 legislative districts elects two state house representatives and one state senator, with each district having a population of at least 203,000.

The last election occurred on November 5, 2024, with the Republican Party securing a majority in the House.
2025 Transylvania Open
The 2025 Transylvania Open was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the fifth edition of the Transylvania Open, and part of the WTA 250 series of the 2025 WTA Tour. It was held at the BT Arena in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, from 3 until 9 February 2025.

Aliaksandra Sasnovich
Aliaksandra Aliaksandraŭna Sasnovich (born 22 March 1994) is a Belarusian professional tennis player. She achieved her best singles ranking of world No. 29 on 19 September 2022, and peaked at No. 39 in the WTA doubles rankings on 23 August 2021. She has won eleven singles and seven doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. She has reached a major semifinal in doubles, at the 2019 US Open, together with Viktória Hrunčáková (then Kužmová).
Head of Christ
The Head of Christ, also called the Sallman Head, is a 1940 portrait painting of Jesus by Warner Sallman (1892–1968). As an extraordinarily successful work of Christian popular devotional art, it had been reproduced over half a billion times worldwide by the end of the 20th century. Enlarged copies of the work have been made for churches, and small pocket or wallet-sized prayer cards bearing the image have been mass-produced for private devotional use. The painting is said to have "become the basis for [the] visualization of Jesus" for "hundreds of millions" of people.

Christian art
Christian art is sacred art which uses subjects, themes, and imagery from Christianity. Most Christian groups use or have used art to some extent, including early Christian art and architecture and Christian media.

Images of Jesus and narrative scenes from the Life of Christ are the most common subjects, and scenes from the Old Testament play a part in the art of most denominations. Images of the Virgin Mary and saints are common in certain denominations of Christianity, including Catholicism, Oriental Orthodoxy, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Evangelical Lutheranism. They are less common in other branches of the faith, such as Reformed Christianity.

Christianity makes far wider use of images than related religions, in which figurative representations are forbidden, such as Islam and Judaism. However, there are some that have promoted aniconism in Christianity, and there have been periods of iconoclasm within Christianity.
Myeloid leukemia
Myeloid leukemia is a type of leukemia affecting myeloid tissue.

Types include:

Acute myeloid leukemia: A cancer of the myeloid line of blood cells, characterized by the rapid growth of myeloblasts that build up in the bone marrow and blood and interfere with normal blood cell production.

Chronic myelogenous leukemia: A cancer of the white blood cells.

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia: A life-threatening leukemia in which malignant megakaryoblasts proliferate abnormally and injure various tissues.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: A rare hematologic malignancy which is a malignancy of plasmacytoid dendritic cells.

Hematologic disease
Hematologic diseases are disorders which primarily affect the blood and blood-forming organs. Hematologic diseases include rare genetic disorders, anemia, HIV, sickle cell disease and complications from chemotherapy or transfusions.
Carleton Parish
Carleton is a geographic parish in Kent County, New Brunswick, Canada.

For governance purposes it is mainly part of the Kent rural district, which is a member of the Kent Regional Service Commission. Small areas on the southern and western boundaries belong to the town of Beaurivage and the village of Nouvelle-Arcadie, respectively.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, the parish was divided between the local service districts of Pointe-Sapin, east of the national park, and the parish of Carleton, to its west.

2023 New Brunswick local governance reform
Local governance reform in the Canadian province of New Brunswick was implemented on January 1, 2023. This resulted in a significant reorganization of the local government entities in the province, including a reduction in the number of entities from 340 to 89, consisting of 77 local governments and 12 rural districts nested within 12 regional service commissions. The local governance reform review was commenced by the Government of New Brunswick in January 2021 and was promoted as the most consequential restructuring of the local governance system since Premier Robichaud's Equal Opportunity Program.
Kyoto National Museum
The Kyoto National Museum (京都国立博物館, Kyōto Kokuritsu Hakubutsukan) is one of the major art museums in Japan. Located in Kyoto's Higashiyama ward, the museum focuses on pre-modern Japanese and Asian art.

Art museum
An art museum, or art gallery, is an organization, usually with buildings or spaces for the display of art from the museum's own collection. It might be in public or private ownership, be accessible to all, or have restrictions in place. Although primarily concerned with visual art, art museums are often used as a venue for other cultural exchanges and artistic activities, such as lectures, jewelry, performance arts, music concerts, or poetry readings. Art museums also frequently host themed temporary exhibitions, which often include items on loan from other collections.
Ruszkowiec
Ruszkowiec [ruʂˈkɔvjɛt͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sadowie, within Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) west of Sadowie, 8 km (5 mi) north-west of Opatów, and 52 km (32 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Opatów
Opatów ([ɔˈpatuf] ⓘ; Yiddish: אַפּטאַ, אַפּט, romanized: Apt, Apte) is a town in southeastern Poland, within Opatów County in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Historically, it was part of a greater region called Lesser Poland. In 2012 the population was 6,658. Opatów is located among the hills of Lesser Polish Upland, with the Opatówka river dividing the town into two parts.

A town with a history of some 1,000 years, Opatów is one of the province's best-preserved historic towns and once one of the largest cities in its territory, owing its prosperity to crafts and trade. Its landmarks include the Collegiate Church of St. Martin, listed as a Historic Monument of Poland as one of the most precious examples of Romanesque architecture in Poland, the Baroque Bernardine monastery, town hall and underground tourist routes in late medieval cellars under the old town. Opatów is home to local specialties such as pączki, krówki and kiełbasa.
Ilimpeya
The Ilimpeya (Russian: Илимпея) is a river in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is a left tributary of the Nizhnyaya Tunguska. It is 611 kilometres (380 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 17,400 square kilometres (6,700 sq mi).

Krasnoyarsk Krai
Krasnoyarsk Krai is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia located in Siberia. Its administrative center is the city of Krasnoyarsk, the second-largest city in Siberia after Novosibirsk. Comprising half of the Siberian Federal District, Krasnoyarsk Krai is the largest krai in Russia, the second-largest federal subject in the country after neighboring Sakha, and the third-largest country subdivision by area in the world. The krai covers an area of 2,366,797 square kilometers (913,825 sq mi), constituting roughly 13% of Russia's total area. Krasnoyarsk Krai has a population of 2,856,971 as of the 2021 census.
Robert Alsop
Robert Alsop (1814 – March 25, 1871) was a merchant and political figure in Newfoundland. He represented Trinity Bay in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1866 to 1871 as a Liberal and then anti-Confederate.

He was a partner in the mercantile and shipping company R. Alsop and Company based in St. John's. Alsop was first elected in a by-election held in 1866. He served in the Executive Council as chairman of the Board of Works. He was opposed to union with Canada. Alsop was named colonial secretary in 1870. When he ran for reelection because he had been named to a cabinet post, he was defeated but then was named to the Legislative Council, continuing to serve as colonial secretary until his death in St. John's in 1871.

Newfoundland Colony
Newfoundland was an English, and later British, colony established in 1610 on the island of Newfoundland. That followed decades of sporadic English settlement on the island, which was at first only seasonal. Newfoundland was made a Crown colony in 1824 and a dominion in 1907. Its economy collapsed during the Great Depression. On 16 February 1934, the Newfoundland legislature agreed to the creation of a six-member Commission of Government to govern the country. In 1949, the country voted to join Canada as the province of Newfoundland.