hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Knute Buttedahl
Knute Bjarne Buttedahl (April 9, 1925 – March 11, 2000) was a Canadian expert on global education and international development, and faculty professor of adult education at the University of British Columbia, in Vancouver BC, Canada. Buttedahl was a fellow of The World Academy of Art and Science (WAAS). In addition, he served as a project manager and field expert for the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), UNESCO Canada and UNICEF Canada; assisting initiatives in Africa, Asia and Latin America dedicated to Global citizenship education.

Canadian International Development Agency
The Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA; in French: Agence canadienne de développement international; ACDI) was a federal Canadian organization that administered foreign aid programs in developing countries. The agency was merged into the Department of Foreign Affairs in 2013 by the federal government under Prime Minister Stephen Harper.
Eemeli
Eemeli is a Finnish masculine given name. The given name Eemeli is shared by the following notable people:

Eemeli (real name Esko Toivonen), Finnish actor, comedian and entertainer

Eemeli Aakula, Finnish politician

Eemeli Heikkinen, Finnish professional ice hockey player

Eemeli Kouki, Finnish volleyball player

Eemeli Paronen, Finnish smallholder and politician

Eemeli Peltonen, Finnish politician

Eemeli Raittinen, Finnish footballer

Eemeli Reponen, Finnish professional football coach and a former player

Eemeli Salomäki, Finnish pole vaulter

Eemeli Suomi, Finnish ice hockey player

Eemeli Virta, Finnish professional footballer

Eemeli Aakula
Mikkel Emil (Mikko Eemeli) Aakula (June 12, 1879 – July 26, 1955) was a Finnish politician. He was a member of the Centre Party (Finland) from 1930 to 1936 in Turku North Constituency.

Aakula worked as a land surveyor and farmer.  Following his parliamentary term, he served as the municipal treasurer and a member of the municipal board in Kokemäki. In recognition of his contributions, he was awarded the honorary title kunnallisneuvos in 1952.

He died in Kokemäki in 1955.
Nicholasa Mohr
Nicholasa Mohr (born November 1, 1938) is one of the best known Nuyorican writers, born in the United States to Puerto Rican parents. In 1973, she became the first Nuyorican woman in the 20th century to have her literary works published by the major commercial publishing houses, and has had the longest creative writing career of any Nuyorican female writer for these publishing houses. She centers her works on the female experience as a child and adult in Puerto Rican communities in New York City, with much of writing containing semi-autobiographical content. In addition to her prominent novels and short stories, she has written screenplays, plays, and television scripts.

Bildungsroman
In literary criticism, a Bildungsroman (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪldʊŋs.ʁoˌmaːn] ⓘ) is a literary genre that focuses on the psychological and moral growth and change of the protagonist from childhood to adulthood (coming of age). The term comes from the German words Bildung ('formation' or 'education') and Roman ('novel').
Unnütze
The Unnütze (also called the Unnutze) is a small mountain ridge northeast of the Achensee lake  between Achenkirch and Steinberg am Rofan in the Brandenberg Alps in the Austrian state of Tyrol.

The ridge has three summits and runs in a north to south direction. The summits are the Hinterunnütz (2,007 m), the Hochunnütz (2,075 m) and the Vorderunnütz (2,078 m). In general, however, the Vorderunnütz is called the Unnütz.

Steinberg am Rofan
Steinberg am Rofan is a municipality and a small village in the Schwaz district in the Austrian state of Tyrol. The main economic factors are tourism and agriculture.

As of 2022, the municipality had 288 inhabitants plus tourists.

... "am Rofan" refers to Rofangebirge (part of Brandenberg Alps) which is nearby.
Pyrenean chamois
The Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) is a goat-antelope that lives in the Pyrenees and Cantabrian Mountains of Spain, France and Andorra, and the Apennine Mountains of central Italy. It is one of the two species of the genus Rupicapra, the other being the chamois, Rupicapra rupicapra.

Cantabrian Mountains
The Cantabrian Mountains or Cantabrian Range (Spanish: Cordillera Cantábrica) are one of the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain. 
They stretch for over 300 km (180 miles) across northern Spain, from the western limit of the Pyrenees to the Galician Massif in Galicia, along the coast of the Cantabrian Sea. Their easternmost end meets the Sistema Ibérico.

These mountains are a distinct physiographic province of the larger Alpine System physiographic division.

The Cantabrian Mountains offer a wide range of trails for hiking, as well as many challenging climbing routes. Skiing is possible in the ski resorts of Alto Campoo, Valgrande-Pajares, Fuentes de Invierno, San Isidro, Leitariegos and Manzaneda.
Panamanian literature
Panamanian literature comprises the whole of literary works written in Panama. The first literature relating to Panama can be dated to 1535, with a modern literary movement appearing from the mid-19th century onwards

Consuelo Tomás
Consuelo Tomás Fitzgerald (born 1957 in Bocas del Toro) is a Panamanian actress in puppet shows, playwright, poet, novelist and radio and television co-ordinator.

She is a producer and editor-in-chief of the radio station Crisol FM and the Panamanian Radio and Television State Broadcasting (Sistema Estatal de Radio y Televisión, SERTV). She is also a member of the Cultural Association AlterArte and the Executive Committee in Projects for Drama Training in Central America (Carromato).
Perry–Robertson formula
The Perry–Robertson formula is a mathematical formula which is able to produce a good approximation of buckling loads in long slender columns or struts, and is the basis for the buckling formulation adopted in EN 1993.  
The formula in question can be expressed in the following form:

with

where:

is the average longitudinal stress in the beam's cross section

is the material's elastic limit

is the average tension measured in the cross section which correspond to the beam's Euler load

the amplitude of the initial geometrical imperfection

distance from the cross section's centroid to the section's most stressed fiber

the section's radius of gyration

Robertson then proposed that , where  represents the beam's slenderness.

Radius of gyration
The radius of gyration or gyradius of a body about the axis of rotation is defined as the radial distance to a point which would have a moment of inertia the same as the body's actual distribution of mass, if the total mass of the body were concentrated there. The radius of gyration has dimensions of distance [L] and is described by the SI unit metre.
Cold reading
Cold reading is a set of techniques used by mentalists, psychics, fortune-tellers, and mediums. Without prior knowledge, a practiced cold-reader can quickly obtain a great deal of information by analyzing the person's body language, age, clothing or fashion, hairstyle, gender, sexual orientation, religion, ethnicity, level of education,  manner of speech, place of origin, etc. during a line of questioning. Cold readings commonly employ high-probability guesses, quickly picking up on signals as to whether their guesses are in the right direction or not. The reader then emphasizes and reinforces any accurate connections while quickly moving on from missed guesses. Psychologists believe that this appears to work because of the Barnum effect and due to confirmation biases within people.

Idiolect
Idiolect is an individual's unique use of language, including speech. This unique usage encompasses vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. This differs from a dialect, a common set of linguistic characteristics shared among a group of people.

The term is etymologically derived from the prefix idio-, from Ancient Greek ἴδιος, ídios, 'own, personal, private, peculiar, separate, distinct'; and -lect, abstracted from dialect, ultimately from Ancient Greek λέγω, légō, 'I speak'.
San Torpete
San Torpete is a church in central Genoa, northern Italy, dedicated to Saint Torpes. It was founded in the 11th century by local merchants. It was rebuilt in 1730 under designs conceived by Giovanni Antonio Ricca.

The interior ceiling is decorated with paintings and stucco by Giovanni Bernardo Carlone depicting scenes of the Life of San Torpete.  An altarpiece of Madonna with St Thomas Becket of Canterbury, St Lucia and John the Baptist is attributed to the studio of Luca Cambiaso or Andrea Semini. The small statue of the Virgin of Providence at the main altar was completed by Giovanni Battista Drago. The altar of San Filippo Neri has a painting depicting The Saint in ecstasy attributed to the studio of Giovanni Battista Paggi.

Luca Cambiaso
Luca Cambiaso (also known as Luca Cambiasi and Luca Cangiagio (being Cangiaxo [kaŋˈdʒaːʒu] the surname in Ligurian); 18 November 1527 – 6 September 1585) was an Italian painter and draughtsman and the leading artist in Genoa in the 16th century.  He is considered the founder of the Genoese school, who established the local tradition of historical fresco painting through his many decorations of Genoese churches and palaces. He produced a number of poetic night scenes. He was a prolific draughtsman who sometimes reduced figures to geometric (even cubic) forms. He was familiarly known as Lucchetto da Genova.
Coulston
Coulston, formerly called East Coulston is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, five miles northeast of the town of Westbury, just north of the B3098 road. The village lies under the north slope of Salisbury Plain and the parish extends south onto the Plain. In 2021 the parish had a population of 133.

The parish has an elected parish council called Coulston Parish Council.

Coulston has a mix of old and new houses, about sixty-five in all. The number of buildings listed as of architectural or historic importance is thirteen (all listed Grade II). There is no shop or surviving public house.

Salisbury Plain
Salisbury Plain is a chalk plateau in southern England covering 300 square miles (780 km2). It is part of a system of chalk downlands throughout eastern and southern England formed by the rocks of the Chalk Group and largely lies within the county of Wiltshire, but stretches into Hampshire.

The plain is famous for its rich archaeology, including Stonehenge, one of England's best known landmarks. Large areas are given over to military training; thus, the sparsely populated plain is the biggest remaining area of calcareous grassland in northwest Europe. Additionally, the plain has arable land, and a few small areas of beech trees and coniferous woodland. Its highest point is Easton Hill.

The area set aside for military use is known as Salisbury Plain Training Area.
Jenny Choi
Jenny Choi is an American singer and cellist, who founded the Asians in Rock tour, and is the lead singer of the two-piece Chicago band, Sanawon. For many years she performed solo at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign (where she received her undergraduate degree) as well as with a back-up band. She also played synthesizer and sang lead and backing vocals in the short-lived Sweet Black And Blue, with Philip Stone on drums and Ben Weasel at guitar and microphone. She played cello on Mike Park's second album North Hangook Falling, The Lawrence Arms fifth album Oh! Calcutta! and the debut album Four One Five Two by their guitarist Chris McCaughan as part of his side project Sundowner, and contributed vocals to three songs on This Is Me Smiling's first album.

North Hangook Falling
North Hangook Falling is the second solo album by Mike Park. The title translates to "North Korea Falling" in English. The album was recorded in a week in January 2005 at a total cost of $2,800. The album is predominantly acoustic in feel, though there is some use of electric instrumentation.
Quarshie
Quarshie is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Emmanuel Quarshie (1953–2013), Ghanaian footballer

Ato Quarshie (1944–2019), Ghanaian politician

Edwin Quarshie (born 1995), French footballer of Ghanaian descent

Hugh Quarshie, Ghanaian-born British actor

Joshua Quarshie (born 2004), German footballer of Ghanaian descent

Michael Quarshie (born 1979), Finnish American football player of Ghanaian descent

Tetteh Quarshie (1842–1892), Ghanaian agriculturalist

Hugh Quarshie
Hugh Anthony Quarshie (born 22 December 1954) is a Ghanaian-born British actor. He is known for his long-running role as Ric Griffin on the BBC One medical drama Holby City (2001–20), and for playing Captain Panaka in the Star Wars film Episode I – The Phantom Menace (1999).

He is also known for stage roles with the Royal Shakespeare Company, of which he has been a member since 1981 and an associate since 2005. His film work includes Highlander, Nightbreed and Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald. In 1987, he was nominated for the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor and in 2022 he was nominated for the British Academy Television Award for Best Actor for playing Neville Lawrence in Stephen (2021). He has also won a Critics' Circle Theatre Award and an Emmy Award.
Zhang Heng (Water Margin)
Zhang Heng is a fictional character in Water Margin, one of the Four Great Classical Novels in Chinese literature. Nicknamed "Boatman", he ranks 28th among the 36 Heavenly Spirits, the first third of the 108 Stars of Destiny.

Chinese literature
The history of Chinese literature extends thousands of years, and begins with the earliest recorded inscriptions, court archives, building to the major works of philosophy and history written during the Axial Age. The Han (202 BC – 220 AD) and Tang (618–907 AD) dynasties were considered golden ages of poetry, while the Song (960–1279) and Yuan (1271–1368) were notable for their lyrics (ci), essays, dramas, and plays. During the Ming and Qing, mature novels were written in written vernacular Chinese, an evolution from the preeminence of Literary Chinese patterned off the language of the Chinese classics. The introduction of widespread woodblock printing during the Tang and the invention of movable type printing by Bi Sheng (990–1051) during the Song rapidly spread written knowledge throughout China. Around the turn of the 20th century, the author Lu Xun (1881–1936) is considered an influential voice of vernacular Chinese literature.
Schappert
Schappert is a surname of German origin meaning shepherd, which is related to the English surname Shepherd.

Notable people with the surname include:

Ashley Schappert (born 1985), athlete, entrepreneur, and film producer

Jason Schappert (born 1988), aviator

John Schappert (baseball) (died 1917), baseball pitcher

Nicole Schappert (born 1986), maiden name of distance runner Nicole Tully

Terry Schappert (born 1962), soldier and television presenter

Ashley Schappert
Ashley Carusone Schappert (born March 27, 1985) is an athlete, entrepreneur, film producer and author. As an American competition swimmer she specialized in Individual Medley and butterfly events.  She held 2 YMCA National SCY records in the 400IM and 200 butterfly and 4 YMCA National LCM records in the 200IM, 400IM, and 800 freestyle. Ashley competed in the 2004 and 2008 Olympic trials for the University of Florida. Ashley won the International Triathlon Union World Championships for her age group (women's 16–19) in 2001, 2 time Pan American Champion and 13 time USAT All-American.
Before the Dream Faded...
Before the Dream Faded... is the second album of DIY guru Calvin Johnson.  It features production and instrumentation from such K Records regulars as Phil Elverum, Mirah, Khaela Maricich, Adam Forkner and Jona Bechtolt.  The album was released in October 2005 to mostly positive reviews.

K Records
K Records is an independent record label in Olympia, Washington, founded in 1982. Artists on the label included early releases by Beck, Modest Mouse and Built to Spill. The record label has been called "key to the development of independent music" since the 1980s.

The label was founded by Beat Happening frontman Calvin Johnson and managed for many years by Candice Pedersen. Many early releases were on the cassette tape format, making the label one of the longest lasting reflections of the cassette culture of the 1970s and early 1980s. Although itself releasing primarily offbeat pop music and indie rock, the DIY label is regarded as one of the pioneers of riot grrrl movement and the second wave of American punk in the 1990s.
Milele
Milele is an urban gospel and humanitarian group composed of Kanjii Mbugua, Harry Kiiru, Christian Mungai and Kaima Mwiti. The group formed after the longtime friends who were originally from Kenya met in Pomona, California at a prayer breakfast in 1998. Milele, which means "forever" in Swahili has performed alongside gospel artists like Andrae Crouch and Helen Baylor and recorded four albums, Forever, Level up, Afrique and their most recent recording, Monday. Apart from the music, Milele has also launched many campaigns in Africa with the purpose of providing means for impoverished African communities to gather strength to make steps towards better living standards.

Pomona, California
Pomona (/pəˈmoʊnə/ ⓘ pə-MOH-nə) is a city in eastern Los Angeles County, California, United States. Pomona is located in the Pomona Valley, between the Inland Empire and the San Gabriel Valley. At the 2020 census, the city's population was 151,713. The main campus of California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, also known as Cal Poly Pomona, lies partially within Pomona's city limits, with the rest being located in the neighboring unincorporated community of Ramona.
Oslo (film)
Oslo is a 2021 American political drama television film about the secret negotiation of the Oslo Accords. The film was directed by Bartlett Sher and written by J. T. Rogers, based on Rogers' play of the same name. It stars Andrew Scott, Ruth Wilson, and Jeff Wilbusch. It was released on May 29, 2021, on HBO.

Political drama
A political drama can describe a play, film or TV program that has a political component, whether reflecting the author's political opinion, or describing a politician or series of political events.

Dramatists who have written political dramas include Aaron Sorkin, Robert Penn Warren, Sergei Eisenstein, Bertolt Brecht, Jean-Paul Sartre, Howard Brenton, Caryl Churchill, and Federico García Lorca.
Wellington Row
Wellington Row is a row of buildings along the south side of State Street in Albany, New York. It spans from 132 to 140 State Street and includes the Wellington Hotel, its namesake, the former Elks Lodge No. 49, former Berkshire Hotel, and a couple of row houses south of the Wellington Hotel (132 and 134 State Street). The Wellington Hotel included a second building called the Wellington Annex on Howard Street with an attached garage that both faced towards the back of Wellington Row. The row was placed on the Preservation League of New York State's Seven to Save list for the year 2000. The entire row is part of the Downtown Albany Historic District.

Neutering
Neutering, from the Latin neuter ('of neither sex'), is the removal of a non-human animal's reproductive organ, either all of it or a considerably large part. The male-specific term is castration, while spaying is usually reserved for female animals. Colloquially, both terms are often referred to as fixing. In male horses, castrating is referred to as gelding. An animal that has not been neutered is sometimes referred to as entire or intact. Often the term neuter[ing] is used to specifically mean castration, e.g. in phrases like "spay and neuter".

Neutering is the most common method for animal sterilization. Humane societies, animal shelters, and rescue groups urge pet owners to have their pets neutered to prevent the births of unwanted litters, which contribute to the overpopulation of unwanted animals in the rescue system. Many countries require that all adopted cats and dogs be sterilized before going to their new homes.
Bugyly Nature Reserve
Bugyly Nature Reserve (Kazakh: Бұғылы қорықшасы, romanized: Būğyly qoryqşasy) is a protected area in the Kazakh Uplands, Kazakhstan. Administratively it is located in the Shet District of the Karaganda Region.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Corina Dumbrăvean
Corina Dumbrăvean (born 15 April 1984 in Bistriţa) is a Romanian former middle distance runner who specialized in the 1500 metres.

She finished second at the 2005 European Indoor Athletics Championships in Madrid and sixth at the 2006 IAAF World Indoor Championships in Moscow. At the 2006 European Athletics Championships in Gothenburg she finished sixth in a personal best time of 4:02.24 minutes.

She received a two-year doping ban from November 2007 to 2009. She refused to submit to testing in June 2010 and was given a lifetime ban from the sport of athletics.

Bistrița
Bistrița (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈbistritsa] ⓘ; German: Bistritz, archaic Nösen; Transylvanian Saxon: Bästerts; Hungarian: Beszterce) is the capital city of Bistrița-Năsăud County, in northern Transylvania, Romania. It is situated on the Bistrița River. The city has a population of 78,877 inhabitants as of 2021 and administers six villages: Ghinda (Windau; Vinda), Sărata (Salz; Sófalva), Sigmir (Schönbirk; Szépnyír), Slătinița (Pintak; Pinták), Unirea (until 1950 Aldorf; Wallendorf; Aldorf) and Viișoara (Heidendorf; Besenyő). There is a project for the creation of a metropolitan area that will contain the municipality of Bistrița and 3 surrounding localities (Șieu-Măgheruș, Budacu de Jos, and Livezile), whose combined population would be over 91,600 inhabitants.
Suerococha (Ancash)
Suerococha (possibly from Quechua suyru a very long dress tracked after when worn, qucha lake,) is a mountain in the west of the Huayhuash  mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,100 metres (16,732 ft) high, and the name of a small lake near the mountain. The mountain is located in the Ancash Region, Bolognesi Province, Pacllon District. Suyruqucha lies on a sub-range west of Yerupaja, northwest of Huacrish and Auxilio and northeast of Rajucollota.

The mountain might have been named after a little lake southwest of it. It lies in the Copa District of the Lima Region at 10°18′20″S 76°59′15″W﻿ / ﻿10.30556°S 76.98750°W﻿ / -10.30556; -76.98750.

Department of Lima
Lima (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlima]; Jaqaru: Nimaja, [niˈmaxa]) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's central coast, it is administered by a regional government based in Huacho, whose jurisdiction does not include the quasi-autonomous special regime of the province of Lima, coterminous with the country's capital, Lima.
We'll Knock The Heligo-- Into Heligo-- Out Of Heligoland!
We'll Knock The Heligo—Into Heligo—Out Of Heligoland! is a World War I song written by John J. O'Brien and composed by Theodore Morse. The song was first published in 1917 by Leo Feist Inc., in New York, NY. The sheet music cover depicts a terrified Kaiser Wilhelm II standing on top of Heligoland while shells are bursting in his back and United States sailors with guns are rushing toward him.

The sheet music can be found at the Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

Leo Feist
Leopold Feist (January 3, 1869, New York City or Mount Verson, New York – June 21, 1930, Mount Vernon, New York) was a pioneer in the popular music publishing business. In 1897, Feist founded and ran a music publishing firm bearing his name. In the 1920s, at the height of the golden age of popular music, his firm was among the seven largest publishers of popular music in the world. The company used the motto "You can't go wrong, with any FEIST Song."