hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Group of GF(2)-type
In mathematics, specifically finite group theory, a group of GF(2)-type is a group with an involution centralizer whose generalized Fitting subgroup is a group of symplectic type (Gorenstein 1982, definition 1.45).

As the name suggests, many of the groups of Lie type over the field with 2 elements are groups of GF(2)-type. Also 16 of the 26 sporadic groups are of GF(2)-type, suggesting that in some sense sporadic groups are somehow related to special properties of the field with 2 elements.

Timmesfeld (1978) showed roughly that groups of GF(2)-type can be subdivided into 8 types. The groups of each of these 8 types were classified by various authors. They consist mainly of groups of Lie type with all roots of the same length over the field with 2 elements, but also include many exceptional cases, including the majority of the sporadic groups. 
Smith (1980) gave a survey of this work.

Smith (1979, p.279) gives a table of simple groups containing a large extraspecial 2-group.

Sporadic group
In the mathematical classification of finite simple groups, there are a number of groups which do not fit into any infinite family. These are called the sporadic simple groups, or the sporadic finite groups, or just the sporadic groups.

A simple group is a group G that does not have any normal subgroups except for the trivial group and G itself. The mentioned classification theorem states that the list of finite simple groups consists of 18 countably infinite families plus 26 exceptions that do not follow such a systematic pattern. These 26 exceptions are the sporadic groups.  The Tits group is sometimes regarded as a sporadic group because it is not strictly a group of Lie type, in which case there would be 27 sporadic groups.

The monster group, or friendly giant, is the largest of the sporadic groups, and all but six of the other sporadic groups are subquotients of it.
Cophixalus zweifeli
Cophixalus zweifeli is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to northern Queensland, Australia, and only known from the area of its type locality in the Cape Melville National Park. The species was named to honour American herpetologist Richard G. Zweifel. Common name Zweifel's frog has been coined for it. It is one of the five northeast Australian Cophixalus species that are specialized in boulder field habitats.

Cape Melville National Park (Cape York Peninsula Aboriginal Land)
Cape Melville National Park (Cape York Peninsula Aboriginal Land) is a national park in the Shire of Cook, Queensland, Australia. The national park was previously named Cape Melville National Park until it was renamed on 28 November 2013.
Ruza Kuzieva
Ruza Kuzieva (born 12 March 1994) is an Uzbekistani Paralympic powerlifter. She won the silver medal in the women's 61 kg event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics held in Tokyo, Japan. She won the gold medal in the women's 55 kg event at the 2018 Asian Para Games and she is a two-time medalist at the World Para Powerlifting Championships.

Paralympic powerlifting
Paralympic powerlifting, also known as para powerlifting and para-lifting, is an adaptation of the sport of powerlifting for athletes with disabilities. The only discipline in Paralympic powerlifting is the bench press. The sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee (World Para Powerlifting) and is open to anyone with a minimum level of disability who can extend their arms within 20° of full extension during a lift. Powerlifting has been competed at the Summer Paralympics since 1984.
Leah Jeffries
Leah Sava Jeffries (/sə.ˈveɪ/; born September 25, 2009) is an American actress. Jeffries made her acting debut on the American musical drama, Empire (2015) and later her feature film debut in the action-thriller Beast (2022). In 2022, Jeffries was cast as Annabeth Chase in the television adaptation of Rick Riordan's fantasy novel series, Percy Jackson & the Olympians, which earned her three NAACP Image Awards, along with a nomination for the Children's and Family Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Performer.

Children's and Family Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Performer
The Children's and Family Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Performer in a Preschool, Children's or Young Teen Program honors performances in both television series and made-for-television/streaming films and specials. The category was established at the 1st Children's and Family Emmy Awards in 2022, and is open to lead, supporting and guest performers of all genders who are under the age of 18. The category is a counterpart to the Lead and Supporting categories honoring performers in live action series, and is one of two awards specifically designed to award younger actors, alongside the Younger Voice Performer in an Animated or Preschool Animated Program category.

The first winner of the award was Quinn Copeland for her role as Izzy on the Disney+ series Punky Brewster. The current holder of the award is Phoenix Laroche, who won at the 3rd Children's and Family Emmy Awards for his role as William in the Apple TV+ special The Velveteen Rabbit.
Udina, Illinois
Udina is an unincorporated community in Elgin and Plato Townships, Kane County, Illinois, United States. It is located mainly at the intersection of Coombs Road, U.S. Route 20 and Plank Road. The Pingree Grove Fire Department, Klein's Farm & Garden Market, Plank Road Tap Room, and Pasek Meat Market are located here.

Pingree Grove, Illinois
Pingree Grove (/ˈpɪŋɡʌriː/ PING-GREE) is a village in Kane County, Illinois, United States. The population was 124 at the 2000 census. However, with rapid development in the following years, the 2010 census indicated 4,532 residents, and the 2020 census was 10,365.
When the Day Had No Name
When the Day Had No Name or Koga denot nemaše ime (Кога денот немаше име) is a 2017 Macedonian drama film directed by Teona Strugar Mitevska. It was screened in the Panorama section at the 67th Berlin International Film Festival.

The film is a fiction work that covers the pre-incident investigation of a murder mystery which occurred in Skopje in 2012.

67th Berlin International Film Festival
The 67th annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 9 to 18 February 2017 with Dutch filmmaker Paul Verhoeven as president of the jury.

Django, directed by Etienne Comar, opened the festival. The Golden Bear was awarded to the Hungarian film On Body and Soul directed by Ildikó Enyedi, which also served as closing film of the festival.
Kirtland Central High School
Kirtland Central High School (KCHS) is located in the town of Kirtland, New Mexico, United States. Its colors are purple and gold and their mascot is the Bronco.  KCHS is a part of the Central Consolidated School District along with Newcomb High School and Shiprock High School.

Gold (color)
Gold, also called golden, is a color tone resembling the chemical element gold.

The web color gold is sometimes referred to as golden to distinguish it from the color metallic gold. The use of gold as a color term in traditional usage is more often applied to the color "metallic gold" (shown below).

The first recorded use of golden as a color name in English was in 1300 to refer to the element gold. The word gold as a color name was first used in 1400 and in 1423 to refer to blond hair.

Metallic gold, such as in paint, is often called goldtone or gold tone, or gold ground when describing a solid gold background. In heraldry, the French word or is used. In model building, the color gold is different from brass. A shiny or metallic silvertone object can be painted with transparent yellow to obtain goldtone, something often done with Christmas decorations.
Jayne Ashton
Jayne Ashton (born 31 August 1957) is an English former professional squash player.

Ashton was born in Birmingham. She was first capped for England in 1973, the year she became British Junior Champion. She competed as a top-sixteen seeded player at the British Open Squash Championships but her greatest achievement was being part of the winning England team during the 1979 Women's World Team Squash Championships, defeating Australia 3-0 in the final.

British Open Squash Championships
The British Open Squash Championships is the oldest 'open' tournament in the game of squash (open to both professional and amateur players). It is widely considered to be one of the two most prestigious tournaments in the game, alongside the World Squash Championships.

Until the establishment of the World Squash Championships (which was originally called the World Open) in 1976, the British Open was considered to be the de facto world championship of the sport.

The British Open Squash Championships are often referred to as the "Wimbledon of Squash".
Gelechia senticetella
Gelechia senticetella, the cypress groundling, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Otto Staudinger in 1859. It is found in most of Europe, including Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, North Macedonia, Sicily, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland and Ukraine. It is thought to be an introduced species in Great Britain.

The wingspan is 10-13.5 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from July to August.

The larvae feed on Juniperus communis, other Juniperus species and Thuja, Chaemocyparis and Cupressus species. They mine the leaves of their host plant, later living within a silken tube or tent.

Thuja
Thuja (/ˈθjuːjə/ THEW-yə) is a genus of coniferous tree or shrub in the Cupressaceae (cypress family). There are five species in the genus, two native to North America and three native to eastern Asia. The genus is monophyletic and sister to Thujopsis. Members are commonly known as arborvitaes (from the Latin term for 'tree of life'), thujas, or New World false cedars.
Julian Monge Najera
Julián Monge-Nájera (born June 6, 1960) is a Costa Rican ecologist, scientific editor, educator and photographer. He has done research with the following institutions: Universidad de Costa Rica, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and Universidad Estatal a Distancia. His scientific work has been featured by The New York Times; National Geographic; the BBC; Wired; IFLoveScience; The Independent (London) and Reader's Digest, among others. He is a member of the expert panel that sets the environmental Doomsday Clock; Onychophora curator in the Encyclopedia of Life; and team member of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI, Spanish: Instituto Smithsonian de Investigaciones Tropicales) is located in Panama and is the only bureau of the Smithsonian Institution based outside of the United States. It is dedicated to understanding the past, present, and future of tropical ecosystems and their relevance to human welfare. STRI grew out of a small field station established in 1923 on Barro Colorado Island in the Panama Canal Zone to become one of the world's leading tropical research organizations. STRI's facilities provide for long-term ecological studies in the tropics and are used by some 1,200 visiting scientists from academic and research institutions around the world every year.
Endonuclease V
Endonuclease V (endoV) is a highly conserved endonuclease enzyme family. The primary function of endoV differs significantly in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, as suggested by studies on the E. coli and human orthologs.

In prokaryotes endoV is primarily a deoxyribonuclease involved in DNA repair of deoxyinosine introduced into the genome by deamidation of adenine bases (EC 3.1.21.7). However, it has broad substrate specificity and can also act on other types of DNA lesions as well as on inosine-containing RNA.

In eukaryotes endoV is primarily a ribonuclease and cleaves single-stranded RNA at the 3' position relative to an inosine base, which may be present due to RNA editing by deaminase enzymes (EC 3.1.26.-). The human endoV localizes to the cytoplasm and nucleoli, suggesting a possible role in processes involving ribosomal RNA. The human gene symbol is ENDOV.

Adenine
Adenine (symbol A, or Ade) is a  purine nucleotide base that is found in DNA, RNA, and ATP. Usually a white crystalline subtance. The shape of adenine is complementary and pairs to either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA. In cells adenine, as an independent molecule, is rare. It is almost always covalently bound to become a part of a larger biomolecule.

Adenine has a central role in cellular respiration. It is part of adenosine triphosphate which provides the energy that drives and supports most activities in living cells, such as protein synthesis, chemical synthesis, muscle contraction, and nerve impulse propagation. In respiration it also participates as part of the cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, flavin adenine dinucleotide, and Coenzyme A.

It is also part of adenosine, adenosine monophosphate, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, adenosine diphosphate, and S-adenosylmethionine.
Hymenocallis tubiflora
Hymenocallis tubiflora is a plant species from Trinidad and northern South America. It is reported from Trinidad, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and northern Brazil. The name was originally coined in 1812, the description based on a specimen grown at Kew Botanical Garden in London, the bulb having been seized by British sailors from a French ship captured by the Royal Navy in 1803.

Hymenocallis tubiflora is a bulb-forming perennial. It has broadly lanceolate leaves up to 60 cm long, tapering at the tip and narrowing below to a long petiole. Flowers are white, borne in an umbel; tepals long and narrow, frequently drooping at flowering time; staminal cup short. Anthers yellow, borne on long filaments.

Umbel
In botany, an umbel is an inflorescence that consists of a number of short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade". The arrangement can vary from being flat-topped to almost spherical. Umbels can be simple or compound. The secondary umbels of compound umbels are known as umbellules or umbellets. A small umbel is called an umbellule. The arrangement of the inflorescence in umbels is referred to as umbellate, or occasionally subumbellate (almost umbellate).

Umbels are a characteristic of plants such as carrot, parsley, dill, and fennel in the family Apiaceae; ivy, Aralia and Fatsia in the family Araliaceae; and onion (Allium) in the family Alliaceae.

An umbel is a type of indeterminate inflorescence.
A compressed cyme, which is a determinate inflorescence, is called umbelliform if it resembles an umbel.
St Patrick's GAA (Kerry)
St Patrick's are a Gaelic Athletic Association hurling club in East County Kerry, Ireland. They draw their players mainly from Killarney, Rathmore, Killorglin, St Mary's and Spa/ Glenflesk. A one time senior club they now play in the Junior Championship and the Junior County League Division 3.

Rathmore, County Kerry
Rathmore (Irish: An Ráth Mhór, meaning 'big ringfort') is a small town in County Kerry, Ireland, lying immediately west of the border with County Cork. It is divided in two parts, one being the main commercial centre, and the other being the administrative centre where the schools and churches are located which is colloquially known as Rath Beg (Irish: An Ráth Bheag, meaning 'small ringfort'). It lies at the heart of the Sliabh Luachra area known for its traditional Irish music and culture. The local Gaelic Athletic Association club is Rathmore GAA. The SAG (social action group) is in Rathmore and helps the elderly in the area. The town hosts the farmer's market every Saturday in the community centre.
Hervé Féron
Hervé Féron (born August 3, 1956 in Luxeuil-les-Bains, Haute-Saône) is a member of the National Assembly of France.  He represents the Meurthe-et-Moselle department,  is a member of the Socialist Party and of the  Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche parliamentary group.

Haute-Saône
Haute-Saône (French: [ot soːn] ⓘ; Frainc-Comtou: Hâte-Saône; English: Upper Saône) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of northeastern France. Named after the river Saône, it had a population of 235,313 in 2019. Its prefecture is Vesoul; its sole subprefecture is Lure.
Clarence L. Gunter
Clarence L. Gunter (June 22, 1908 – February 23, 1990) was an American businessman, educator, and politician.

Gunter was born in Clara City, Chippewa County, Minnesota. He went to St. Mary's Boarding High School in Bird Island, Minnesota, and then received his bachelor's degree from St. Cloud State University in 1971. He taught school and was a grain, fertilizer, seed and feed owner and the operator of the Gunter Elevator Company. Gunter lived in Raymond, Kandiyohi County, Minnesota, with his wife and family. Gunter served on the Raymond, Minnesota School Board and was a Democrat. He served in the Minnesota House of Representatives in 1977 and 1978. Gunter died from cancer at his home in Raymond, Minnesota.

Raymond, Minnesota
Raymond is a city in southwest  Kandiyohi County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 782 at the 2020 census.

Raymond High School consolidated with Clara City and Maynard High Schools in the late 1980s to create the MACCRAY (Maynard-Clara City-Raymond Independent School District).
Chmielewo, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Chmielewo [xmjɛˈlɛvɔ] (German: Augustenweide) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Czaplinek, within Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Czaplinek, 25 km (16 mi) east of Drawsko Pomorskie, and 106 km (66 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Czaplinek
Czaplinek [t͡ʂaˈplʲinɛk] (German: Tempelburg; Kashubian: Czôplënkò) is a town in Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with 7,012 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is situated between Drawsko and Czaplino lakes.

The former name of Tempelburg refers to the Templar Knights, who settled nearby at the orders of King Przemysł II. Until 1668, the town was part of Poland. Afterwards it was part of Brandenburg, Prussia and Germany, until the end of World War II. It is one of the northernmost towns of the historical region of Greater Poland.

Czaplinek is a local tourist destination, which has the second deepest lake in Poland and a large marina. The main market square features events, exhibitions and annual festivals.
Deaths in January 2014
The following is a list of notable deaths in January 2014.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship and reason for notability, established cause of death, reference.

National Assembly (Tanzania)
The National Assembly of Tanzania (Swahili: Bunge la Tanzania) and the President of the United Republic of Tanzania make up the Parliament of Tanzania. The current Speaker of the National Assembly is Mussa Zungu, who presides over a unicameral assembly of 403 members.
Dietlof Maré
Dietlof Siegfried Maré (2 July 1885 – 14 October 1913) was a South African international rugby union player. Born in Wellington, he attended Huguenot College before playing provincial rugby for Transvaal (now known as the Golden Lions). He made his only Test appearance for South Africa during their 1906–07 tour of Britain, Ireland and France. He played as a forward in the 1st Test of the tour, a 6–0 loss to Scotland at Hampden Park. Despite breaking two fingers after six minutes, he played the entire match. Off the field, he wrote the first handbook on rugby ever to be published in Afrikaans. In 1913, in Pretoria, Maré was killed in a car accident at the age of 28. As a result of the accident his wife used a wheelchair.

Test match (rugby union)
A test match in rugby union is an international match, usually played between two senior national teams, that is recognised as such by at least one of the teams' national governing bodies.

Some teams do not represent a single country but their international games are still considered test matches (for example the British and Irish Lions). Likewise some countries award caps for games between their full national teams and some invitation teams such as the Barbarians.
Tennis at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's outdoor doubles
The outdoor men's doubles competition at the 1912 Summer Olympics was part of the tennis program for the games. There were 42 players from 10 nations, comprising 21 teams. Nations were limited to 4 pairs (8 players) each. The event was won by South African team Harold Kitson and Charles Winslow, defeating Austrians Felix Pipes and Arthur Zborzil in the final. It was the first medal in the event for both nations. France earned its first men's double since 1900 as Albert Canet and Édouard Mény de Marangue defeated Jaroslav Just and Ladislav Žemla of Bohemia in the bronze-medal match.

Ladislav Žemla
Ladislav Žemla (6 November 1887 – 18 June 1955) was a Czech tennis player. He competed for Bohemia at the 1906, 1908 and 1912 Summer Olympics and for Czechoslovakia at the 1920 and 1924 Summer Olympics. At the 1920 Olympics, he won a bronze medal in the mixed doubles event, together with his wife Milada Skrbková. He also won a bronze medal at the 1906 Intercalated Games, playing with his brother Zdeněk Žemla.

Between 1921 and 1927 he was a member of the Czechoslovakian Davis Cup team.
D-Ribose pyranase
D-Ribose pyranase is an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of β-D-ribopyranose and β-D-ribofuranose. This enzyme is an isomerase that has only been found in bacteria and viruses. It has two known functions of helping transport ribose into cells and producing β-D-ribofuranose, which can later be used to make ribose 5-phosphate for the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). D-Ribose pyranase does not have a defined crystal structure but there are two different proposed structures. The active site of D-ribose pyranase is high in histidine residues along with a few other key binding sites.

Isomerase
In biochemistry, isomerases are a general class of enzymes that convert a molecule from one isomer to another. Isomerases facilitate intramolecular rearrangements in which bonds are broken and formed. The general form of such a reaction is as follows:

There is only one substrate yielding one product. This product has the same molecular formula as the substrate but differs in bond connectivity or spatial arrangement. Isomerases catalyze reactions across many biological processes, such as in glycolysis and carbohydrate metabolism.
Jan Gürtler
Jan Gürtler (transliterated Guertler, born 6 February 1970) is a German para table tennis player who competes in international level events. He is a World silver medalist, a double European champion and three-time Paralympic medalist in team events.

Para table tennis
Para table tennis is a parasport that follows the rules set by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF).  The usual table tennis rules are in effect with slight modifications for wheelchair athletes. Athletes from disability groups can take part. Athletes receive classifications between 1 and 11. Classes 1–5 are for those in wheelchairs and classes 6–10 for those who have disabilities that allow them to play standing. Within those groups, the higher classification means the more function the athlete has. Class 11 is defined for players with an intellectual disability.