hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edwin Ronald Makue
Edwin Ronald Makue is a South African Member of Parliament (MP) representing the African National Congress in the 26th South African Parliament (2014-2019) as a member of the National Council of Provinces. Where he served as part of the provincial delegation for the province of Gauteng and was constituent representative for the Greater Sophiatown area.  During the 26th Parliament he was the Chairperson of the Select Committee on Trade and International Relations and sat on the Select Committee on Economic and Business Development as well as on the Joint Committee on Ethics and the Parliamentary Group on International Relations.

National Council of Provinces
The National Council of Provinces (NCOP) is the upper house of the Parliament of South Africa under the post-apartheid constitution which came into full effect in 1997. It replaced the former Senate, but is very similar to that body, and to many other upper houses of legislatures throughout the world, in that its purpose is to represent the governments of the provinces, rather than directly representing the people.
Vilas Rupawate
Vilas Rupawate (born 16 March 1967) is an Indian politician from the state of Maharashtra. In 2011, he joined the Indian National Congress.

He became the General Secretary of the Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee in January 2013, Rupawate became President of Nirathar Nirashrit Vyakti Vikas Vibhag under the Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee on 25 September 2011.

Rupawate is founder of "Vilasbhau Rupwate Pratishthaan", which works with "Maharashtra Niraadhar Mahila Sanghatana" and "Maharashtra Devdasi Mahila Sanghatana". These organizations provide facilities for widows and devadasis. The group had organized a raasta roko protest at Kasarwadi near Pimpri-Chinchwad in June 2009.

Pimpri-Chinchwad
Pimpri-Chinchwad, also known as PCMC, is a city in the Indian state of Maharashtra. The city is about 15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of the historic city of Pune, at an altitude of 590 m (1,940 ft) above sea level. It is the fifth largest city in Maharashtra and the eighteenth largest city in India and the sixteenth largest satellite city in the world by population. The city is located 135 km (84 mi) southeast from the state's capital Mumbai. It is one of the most rapidly developing suburban areas in India and has emerged as the third fastest growing city in the country. It is well known for its automotive, IT and manufacturing industry.
Wrong Turn (2021 film)
Wrong Turn (also known as Wrong Turn: The Foundation) is a 2021 horror film directed by Mike P. Nelson and written by franchise creator Alan McElroy. The film, being a reboot, is the seventh installment of the Wrong Turn film series, stars Charlotte Vega, Adain Bradley, Bill Sage, Emma Dumont, Dylan McTee, Daisy Head, and Matthew Modine. The film departed from the cannibalistic and incest-related themes of its predecessors. It is an international co-production between the United States, Germany, and Canada.

The project was announced in October 2018, with Nelson signed as director, from a screenplay written by McElroy, who wrote the original film. Principal photography began on September 9, 2019, and wrapped on November 2, 2019, in Felicity, Ohio.

Wrong Turn was theatrically released for one day, January 26, 2021, by Saban Films. The film received positive reviews from critics and grossed $4.8 million at the box office and $2.1 million in home sales.

Daisy Head
Daisy Head (born 17 March 1991) is an English actress. On television, she is known for her roles in the BBC One drama The Syndicate (2015), the Freeform series Guilt (2016), the Hulu series Harlots (2019), the Netflix series Shadow and Bone (2021–2023), and the Amazon Prime series The Gray House (2026). Her films include Dungeons and Dragons: Honor Among Thieves (2023).
Challenger (1990 film)
Challenger is a 1990 American disaster drama television film based on the events surrounding the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster in 1986. Its production was somewhat controversial as the families of the astronauts generally objected to it. A prologue states that the film was "researched with the consultation of the National Aeronauts and Space Administration" and partly filmed at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas.

Prologue
A prologue or prolog (from Ancient Greek πρόλογος prólogos, from πρό pró, "before" and λόγος lógos, "speech") is an opening to a story that establishes the context and gives background details, often some earlier story that ties into the main one, and other miscellaneous information. The Ancient Greek word πρόλογος includes the modern meaning of prologue, but was of wider significance, more like the meaning of preface. The importance, therefore, of the prologue in Greek drama was very great; it sometimes almost took the place of a romance, to which, or to an episode in which, the play itself succeeded.
Oplontis
Oplontis is an ancient Roman archaeological site, located in the town of Torre Annunziata, south of Naples in the Campania region of southern Italy. The excavated site comprises two Roman villas, the best-known of which is Villa A, the so-called Villa Poppaea.

Like the nearby towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum, Oplontis was buried in ash during the volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. However, the force of the eruption was even stronger than at these cities as not only roofs collapsed, but walls and columns were broken and pieces thrown sideways.

Opus incertum
Opus incertum ("irregular work") was an ancient Roman construction technique, using irregularly shaped and randomly placed uncut stones or fist-sized tuff blocks inserted in a core of opus caementicium.

Initially it consisted of more careful placement of the caementa (rock fragments and small stones mixed with concrete), making the external surface as plain as possible. Later the external surface became  plainer still by reducing the amount of concrete and choosing more regular small stones. When the amount of concrete between stones is particularly reduced, it is defined as opus quasi reticulatum. Used from the beginning of the 2nd century BC until the mid-1st century BC, it was later largely superseded by opus reticulatum.

Vitruvius, in De architectura (Ten Books on Architecture), favours opus incertum, deriding opus reticulatum as more expensive and structurally inferior, since cracks propagate more easily.
Maine State Route 209
State Route 209  (SR 209) is a state route in the U.S. state of Maine. It runs from the intersection of Popham Road and Sea Street in the Phippsburg community of Popham Beach to an interchange with U.S. Route 1 (US 1) in Bath. The entire route is in Sagadahoc County. At its southern end, state maintenance of Popham Road continues past Sea Street to the entrance to Fort Popham.

Fort Popham
Fort Popham is a Civil War-era coastal defense fortification at the mouth of the Kennebec River in Phippsburg, Maine. It is located in sight of the short-lived Popham Colony and, like the colony, named for George Popham, the colony's leader. The site is preserved as Fort Popham State Historic Site.
Billy Walsh (soccer, born 1972)
Billy Walsh (born October 7, 1975) is a former American soccer player and coach.

Walsh played high school soccer at Chatham High School. In 1999, he was named by The Star-Ledger as one of the top ten New Jersey high school soccer players of the 1990s.

Walsh played college soccer at the University of Virginia and Rutgers. In 1996, he was the only collegian on the U.S. team that competed in the Atlanta Olympics.

Walsh was drafted by the MetroStars of Major League Soccer in the second round of the 1998 MLS College Draft. He played four years for the club, mostly at defensive midfielder, and was named the team MVP in 1999. After the 2001 season, he was waived and spent 2002 with the Chicago Fire.

Walsh did receive his lone cap for the senior U.S. national team as a last-minute sub against Jamaica on September 8, 1999.

After ending his career as a player, Walsh coached his alma mater Chatham High School in Chatham Township, New Jersey, as well as Manhattan College.

United States men's national under-23 soccer team
The United States U-23 men's national soccer team, also known as the United States men's Olympic soccer team, is a youth soccer team operated under the auspices of U.S. Soccer. Its primary role is qualification into and competition at the quadrennial Olympic Football Tournament, with the next one to be held during the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, which the team has already qualified for as hosts.

Its most recent major tournament was the 2024 edition at the Paris Olympics, in which the team made it to the quarter-finals before being eliminated by Morocco.

In accordance with FIFA regulations, the roster can be augmented with three "overage" players during Olympic competition.
At Sword's Point
At Sword's Point, also known as Sons of the Three Musketeers, is a 1952 American historical action adventure film directed by Lewis Allen and starring Cornel Wilde and Maureen O'Hara. It was shot in Technicolor by RKO Radio Pictures. The film was completed in 1949 but was not released until 1952.

The sons of Aramis, Porthos and D'Artagan and Claire, the daughter of Athos, are reunited by the aging Queen Anne to halt the villainy of her treacherous nephew, the Duc de Lavalle.

Athos (character)
Athos, Count de la Fère, is a fictional character in the novels The Three Musketeers (1844), Twenty Years After (1845) and The Vicomte de Bragelonne (1847–1850) by Alexandre Dumas, père. He is a highly fictionalised version of the historical musketeer Armand d'Athos (1615–1643).
Bhabanipur, Assam Assembly constituency
Bhabanipur Assembly constituency was one of the 126 assembly constituencies of the Assam Legislative Assembly in India. Bhabanipur formed part of Kokrajhar Lok Sabha constituency. There is an assembly segment by the same name in West Bengal Vidhan Sabha as well.

This constituency was abolished in 2023.

Abul Kalam Azad (Indian politician)
Abul Kalam Azad (born 1 January 1967 in Barpeta, Assam) is an All India United Democratic Front politician from Assam. He was elected to Assam Legislative Assembly in the 2011 and 2016 elections from Bhabanipur constituency.
Image-stabilized binoculars
Image-stabilized binoculars are binoculars that have a mechanism for decreasing the apparent motion of the view due to binocular movement.
Such binoculars are designed to minimize image shaking in hand-held applications. Higher-power binoculars magnify the image more, but the image shift is also increased. This means that even minor hand movements can cause huge image shifts. Image stabilization technology in binoculars ensures instant adjustment of the image to compensate for the motion. Major brands making image stabilized binoculars include Canon, Fujinon, Nikon, Carl Zeiss, and Bushnell.

Several different mechanisms have been used for image stabilization.

Carl Zeiss
Carl Zeiss (German: [kaʁl ˈtsaɪs]; 11 September 1816 – 3 December 1888) was a German scientific instrument maker, optician and businessman. In 1846 he founded his workshop, which is still in business as Zeiss. Zeiss gathered a group of gifted practical and theoretical opticians and glass makers to reshape most aspects of optical instrument production. His collaboration with Ernst Abbe revolutionized optical theory and practical design of microscopes. Their quest to extend these advances brought Otto Schott into the enterprises to revolutionize optical glass manufacture. The firm of Carl Zeiss grew to one of the largest and most respected optical firms in the world.
Jakub Chlebowski
Jakub Chlebowski or Jakob Chlebowski, born Jakob Frydman (3 May 1905 in Liwenhof, Russian Empire – 25 January 1969 in Israel) was a Polish Jewish professor and doctor, who was Chancellor and Vice-Chancellor of the Medical Academy in Bialystok, Poland (now the Medical University of Białystok).

Līvāni
Līvāni ( pronunciationⓘ; Latgalian: Leivuons; German: Lievenhof) is a town (population approx. 10,000) and the center of Līvāni Municipality in the Latgale region of eastern Latvia. It is situated at the junction of the Dubna and Daugava rivers, approximately 170 kilometers east of the Latvian capital Riga.

Līvāni Municipality is the first municipality in Latgale region coming into Līvāni from the direction of Riga. Līvāni is a city where the Dubna meets the Daugava, Zemgale meets Latgale and roads go to Riga and Daugavpils, to Russia, Belarus and Lithuania. Since 2007, Līvāni city is a regional development centre where resources of development, social and economic activities are concentrated.
Historical heritage of Līvāni city is being preserved in the character and structure of town planning. Spruce city public center on the Riga Street has obtained technocratic charm that expresses itself through the design of street commodities, renovated buildings and bikeways.
Caren Marsh Doll
Caren Marsh Doll (born Aileen Betty Morris; April 6, 1919), also credited as Caren Marsh, is an American former stage and screen actress and dancer specializing in modern dance and tap. She is notable as one of Judy Garland's stand-ins in The Wizard of Oz (1939) and Ziegfeld Girl (1941). She is one of the last surviving actors from the Golden Age of Hollywood. From 1937 until 1948, Marsh appeared in motion pictures with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, including a small uncredited part in Gone with the Wind. She became a dance instructor in 1956.

Ziegfeld Girl (film)
Ziegfeld Girl is a 1941 American musical drama film directed by Robert Z. Leonard and starring James Stewart, Judy Garland, Hedy Lamarr, Lana Turner, Tony Martin, Jackie Cooper, Eve Arden, and Philip Dorn. Set in the 1920s, it tells the parallel stories of three women who become performers in the renowned Broadway show the Ziegfeld Follies. The film, which features musical numbers by Busby Berkeley, was produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was intended to be a 1938 sequel to the 1936 hit The Great Ziegfeld, and recycled some footage from the earlier film. Unlike that film and the later Ziegfeld Follies, Ziegfeld himself does not appear as a character.

Released on April 25, 1941, Ziegfeld Girl was a commercial hit, and grossed $3.1 million worldwide. The film has been noted as a significant entry in Lana Turner's filmography, elevating her profile and "launching her on a path towards mega-stardom."
Mount Shaman
Mount Shaman (Russian: гора Шаман) is a mountain in the Southern Muya Range, Stanovoy Highlands, Russia. Administratively it is located in the Zabaykalsky Krai of the Russian Far East.

At 2,363 m (7,753 ft) Mount Shaman is the highest peak of the Transbaikal side of the Southern Muya Range.

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
Tess Lloyd
Tess Lloyd (born 19 June 1995) is an Australian competitive sailor.

With Caitlin Elks she finished 11th of 55 in the 2014 ISAF Sailing World Championships – 49er FX. At the 2017 49er FX World Championships she and Eliza Solly finished 23rd of 56.

Lloyd qualified to represent Australia at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She competed in the 49erFX event, with Jaime Ryan, finishing 13th in the field of 21.

Sailing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 470
The women's 470 was a sailing event at the 2020 Summer Olympics, in the 470 dinghy that took place between 28 July and 2 August 2021 at Enoshima Yacht Harbor. 11 races (the last one a medal race) were held. 21 teams qualified for the event.

Medals were presented by Camilo Pérez López Moreira, IOC Member, Paraguay; and the medalists' bouquets presented by Mr. Tomasz Chamera, World Sailing Vice-President, Poland.
Metropolitan Yeshiva High School Athletic League
The Metropolitan Yeshiva High School Athletic League (MYHSAL), or Yeshiva League, is a high school athletic league consisting of 36 Modern/Centrist Orthodox and two pluralist Yeshivas in the New York Metropolitan Area. It includes the sports of basketball, floor hockey, volleyball, soccer, baseball, tennis, and softball. The league, and particularly its sport of floor hockey, was described by The New York Times in a 2017 piece. Jared Kushner played hockey in the league while attending the Frisch School.

Modern Orthodox Judaism
Modern Orthodox Judaism (also Modern Orthodox or Modern Orthodoxy) is a movement within Orthodox Judaism that attempts to synthesize Jewish values and the observance of Jewish law with the modern world.

Modern Orthodoxy draws on several teachings and philosophies, and thus assumes various forms. In the United States, and generally in the Western world, Centrist Orthodoxy underpinned by the philosophy of Torah Umadda ("Torah and secular knowledge") is prevalent. In Israel, Modern Orthodoxy is dominated by Religious Zionism; however, although not identical, these movements share many of the same values and many of the same adherents.
Cathedral Crags
Cathedral Crags (63°0′S 60°34′W﻿ / ﻿63.000°S 60.567°W﻿ / -63.000; -60.567) is a rocky, ice-free hill with steeply cliffed sides, 140 metres (460 ft) high, surmounting the peninsula between Neptune's Window and Fildes Point on the southeast side of Deception Island, in the South Shetland Islands. Although the feature was called The Convent or Weathercock Hill by the whalers operating from Deception Island in the period before 1930, these names have not been used recently. The name Cathedral Crags was reported in 1953 to have become well established in local use at the nearby Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey station.

Deception Island
Deception Island is in the South Shetland Islands close to the Antarctic Peninsula with a large and usually "safe" natural harbour, which is occasionally affected by the underlying active volcano. This island is the caldera of an active volcano, which seriously damaged local scientific stations in 1967 and 1969. The island previously held a whaling station. It has now become a tourist destination, attracting over 15,000 visitors annually. Two research stations are operated by Argentina and Spain during the summer season. While various countries have asserted sovereignty, it is still administered under the Antarctic Treaty System, meaning it is under no control.
The Long Goodbye (novel)
The Long Good-bye is a novel by Raymond Chandler, published in 1953, his sixth novel featuring the private investigator Philip Marlowe. Some critics consider it inferior to The Big Sleep or Farewell, My Lovely, but others rank it with the finest of his or any other detective writer's work. Chandler, in a letter to a friend, called the novel "my best book".

The novel is notable for using hard-boiled detective fiction as a vehicle for social criticism and for including autobiographical elements from Chandler's life. In 1955, the work received the Edgar Award for Best Novel. It was later adapted as a 1973 film of the same name, updated to 1970s Los Angeles and starring Elliott Gould.

Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Novel
The Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Novel was established in 1954. Only hardcover novels written by a published American author are eligible. Paperback original novels are eligible for the Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Paperback Original. Debut novels by American novels are eligible for the Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best First Novel.

Winners for the Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Novel are listed below.
Benoît Arrivé
Benoît Arrivé (born 8 March 1975) is a French politician serving as mayor of Cherbourg-en-Cotentin since 2016. From 2015 to 2021, he was a member of the Regional Council of Normandy. In 2012, he was elected leader of the Socialist Party in Manche. In 2023, he was elected national secretary for industry of the Socialist Party.

Manche
Manche (/mɒ̃ʃ/; French: [mɑ̃ʃ] ⓘ; Norman: Maunche) is a coastal French department in Normandy on the English Channel, which is known as La Manche, literally "the sleeve", in French. Manche is bordered by Ille-et-Vilaine and Mayenne to the south, Orne and Calvados to the east, the English Channel to the west and north and by sharing maritime borders with the Crown Dependencies of Bailiwick of Jersey and Bailiwick of Guernsey of the United Kingdom to the west. It had a population of 495,045 in 2019.
Monastery of la Murta
The Monastery of Santa Maria de la Murta is a former monastery of the order of the Hieronymites located in the Valley of La Murta in Alzira (Valencia), Spain.

Throughout its history was an important emporium of culture and spirituality and centre of pilgrimage of the royalty, the aristocracy and influential religious characters. It was acquired by the City Hall of Alzira in 1989, and from 1995, is in recovery and restoration both the convent and its environment of La Murta Valley.

Vincent Ferrer
Vincent Ferrer, OP (Valencian: Sant Vicent Ferrer [ˈsaɱ viˈsɛɱ feˈreɾ]; Spanish: San Vicente Ferrer; Italian: San Vincenzo Ferreri; German: Sankt Vinzenz Ferrer; Dutch: Sint-Vincent Ferrer; French: Saint Vincent Ferrier; 23 January 1350 – 5 April 1419) was a Valencian Dominican friar who gained acclaim as a preacher, missionary and logician. After supporting Antipope Benedict XIII during the Western Schism, Ferrer travelled to preach across Western Europe and the British Isles. His preaching has been credited in some sources as converting 25,000 Jews to Catholicism, other sources indicate that they involved supporting coercive means, such as the forcible conversion of synagogues into churches. He was canonized in 1455.
Azide
In chemistry, azide (/ˈeɪzaɪd/, AY-zyd) is a linear, polyatomic anion with the formula N−3 and structure −N=N+=N−. It is the conjugate base of hydrazoic acid HN3. Organic azides are organic compounds with the formula RN3, containing the azide functional group. The dominant application of azides is as a propellant in air bags.

Organic azide
An organic azide is an organic compound that contains an azide (–N3) functional group. Because of the hazards associated with their use, few azides are used commercially although they exhibit interesting reactivity for researchers. Low molecular weight azides are considered especially hazardous and are avoided. In the research laboratory, azides are precursors to amines. They are also popular for their participation in the "click reaction" between an azide and an alkyne and in Staudinger ligation. These two reactions are generally quite reliable, lending themselves to combinatorial chemistry.
Decorus rendahli
Decorus rendahli is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the carps, barbs, minnows and related fishes. This fish is endemic to China, where it has been recorded from the basin of the Yangtze.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Thyrocopa usitata
Thyrocopa usitata is a moth of the family Xyloryctidae. It was first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1881. It is endemic to the Hawaiian islands of Kauai, Oahu and Hawaii.

The length of the forewings is 7–11 mm. Adults are on wing year round.

A larva was collected from rotting bark of Acacia koa.

Arthur Gardiner Butler
Arthur Gardiner Butler F.L.S., F.Z.S. (27 June 1844 – 28 May 1925) was an English entomologist, arachnologist and ornithologist. He worked at the British Museum on the taxonomy of birds, insects, and spiders.