hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Theodor Valentin Volkmar
Theodor Valentin Volkmar (23 November 1781 in Frankenberg (Eder) – 8 February 1847 in Marburg) was a German jurist and politician and two-time mayor of Marburg, from 1833 until 1835 and again from December 1835 until his retirement due to ill health November 1846.

Marburg
Marburg (/ˈmɑːrbʊərk/; German: [ˈmaːɐ̯bʊʁk] or [ˈmaʁbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a university town in the German state (Land) of Hesse and the capital of the Marburg-Biedenkopf district (Landkreis). The town area spreads along the valley of the river Lahn and has a population of approximately 76,000.

Having been awarded town privileges in 1222, Marburg served as capital of the landgraviate of Hessen-Marburg during periods of the 15th to 17th centuries. The University of Marburg was founded in 1527 and dominates the public life in the town to this day.

Marburg is a historic centre of the pharmaceutical industry in Germany, and there is a plant in the town (by BioNTech) to produce vaccines to tackle COVID-19.
The Green Devils of Monte Cassino
The Green Devils of Monte Cassino (German: Die grünen Teufel von Monte Cassino) is a 1958 French–German war film directed by Harald Reinl and starring Dieter Eppler, Joachim Fuchsberger, Antje Geerk and Ewald Balser. The film is a fictional love story framed by actual historic events surrounding the Battle of Monte Cassino and the evacuation of its stores of art treasures. The title refers to the nickname of the Fallschirmjäger, the German Luftwaffe's paratroopers.

Joachim Fuchsberger
Joachim "Blacky" Fuchsberger (pronounced [ˈjoːaxɪm ˈfʊksbɛʁɡɐ]; 11 March 1927 – 11 September 2014) was a German actor and television host, best known to a wide German-speaking audience as one of the recurring actors in various Edgar Wallace movies (often a Detective Inspector with Scotland Yard). In the English-speaking world, he was sometimes credited as Akim Berg or Berger.
IM Financial Group
IM Financial Group Co., Ltd. (IMFG; Korean: 주식회사 IM금융지주) is financial holding company headquartered in Daegu, South Korea. Its flagship company, IM Bank, is one of the largest regional banks in the country, mostly serving customers in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk region.

The group was founded on May 17, 2011 as DGB Financial Group, upon the Financial Supervisory Service's approval for the establishment of a financial holding company for Daegu Bank and its two arms, Daegu Credit Information and Kardnet (which later became DGB U-Pay). After the establishment, DGB acquired Woori Aviva Life Insurance from Nonghyup Financial Group in 2015 and took over HI Investment & Securities from Hyundai Heavy Industries Group in 2018. DGB then changed its name to IM Financial Group effective March 26, 2025.

National Agricultural Cooperative Federation
The South Korean National Agricultural Cooperative Federation (initialized as NH (in Korean, derived from NongHyup) or NACF) was established in 1961 to enhance the social and economic status of its membership and to promote a balanced development of the national economy. Its role is divided into three areas: marketing and supply, banking and insurance, and extension services.
Hà Đình Đức
Hà Đình Đức is a Vietnamese biologist. He was born on March 23, 1940, in the Thọ Xuân District  of Thanh Hóa Province, Vietnam. He is known for describing the Hoan Kiem turtle, which he classified under name Rafetus leloii. Duc believes it is distinct from the Yangtze giant softshell turtle, which is generally regarded by other biologists as the same species. He has also been at odds with other conservationists and officials who believe the turtle should remain in the Hoan Kiem lake, while he believes it should be removed to avoid competing with other invasive turtle species of the lake. Additionally, Ha believes there is only one Hoan Kiem turtle living in the lake, even though witnesses have reported at least one other turtle in the lake.

Thọ Xuân district
Thọ Xuân is a district (huyện) of Thanh Hóa province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam.

As of 2003 the district had a population of 233,603. The district covers an area of 603 km2 (233 sq mi). The district capital lies at Lam Sơn.
Ferdinand Joseph L'Herminier
Ferdinand Joseph L'Herminier (1802–1866) was a French botanist and zoologist born in Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe. He was the son of naturalist Félix Louis L'Herminier (1779–1833), and a student of Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (1777–1850), of whom he published a revision of works in 1827.

As a botanist, L'Herminier specialized in the study of pteridophytes and bryophytes found in Guadeloupe. Alone, and with his father, he conducted ornithological studies on the island, however notes and specimens associated with this research were destroyed during the earthquake of 1843. As a physician, he was director of the island's hospital.

In 1832, Jean Baptiste Antoine Guillemin and George Samuel Perrottet named the botanical genus Herminiera after him. For his services in Guadeloupe, especially in the earthquake in 1843 and during the cholera epidemic of 1866, he was honored with a membership in the Legion of Honor.

Ferdinand L'Herminier died at Pointe-à-Pitre in 1866.

Pteridophyte
A pteridophyte is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that reproduces by means of spores. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as "cryptogams", meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden. They are also the ancestors of the plants we see today.

Ferns, horsetails (often treated as ferns), and lycophytes (clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts) are all pteridophytes. However, they do not form a monophyletic group because ferns (and horsetails) are more closely related to seed plants than to lycophytes. "Pteridophyta" is thus no longer a widely accepted taxon, but the term pteridophyte remains in common parlance, as do pteridology and pteridologist as a science and its practitioner, for example by the International Association of Pteridologists and the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group.
Fred Fry
Frederick Fry  (1884-1963) was a rugby league footballer in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition in the foundation year of the sport in Australia.
Fred Fry was a fullback in the Eastern Suburbs club's first ever match, on Easter Monday, 20 April 1908.

He was the brother of former South Sydney Rabbitohs footballers Ed Fry and William Fry.

New South Wales Rugby League
The New South Wales Rugby League Ltd (NSWRL) is an Australian rugby league football competition operator in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory and is a member of the Australian Rugby League Commission.

It was registered on 21 December 1983 and succeeded the New South Wales Rugby Football League which had been formed in Sydney on 8 August 1907. The NSWRFL and then NSWRL operated the premier rugby league club competitions for Sydney, then New South Wales and then Australia from 1908 to 1994. The organisation administers the New South Wales rugby league team for State of Origin.
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly, 1986–1989
This is a list of members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly, elected at the 1986 state election:

1  Labor member Darrel Baldock resigned on 30 June 1987 to take up a role as coach of St Kilda Football Club. Chris Batt was elected as his replacement on 14 July.

2  Liberal member Geoff Davis resigned from the Liberal Party on 8 July 1987, and from parliament on 17 September. John Barker was appointed as his replacement on 29 September.

3  Liberal member and Deputy Premier Geoff Pearsall resigned in late October 1988. John Cleary was appointed as his replacement on 14 November.

Darrel Baldock
Darrel John Baldock AM (29 September 1938 – 2 February 2011) was an Australian sportsman and state politician. He played Australian rules football for the St Kilda Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL), East Devonport Football Club and Latrobe Football Club in the North West Football Union (NWFU), and New Norfolk Football Club in the Tasmanian Australian National Football League (TANFL). He was also a handy cricketer, successful racehorse trainer and served in the Tasmanian House of Assembly.

Nicknamed "The Doc" and "Mr Magic", Baldock is a legend in the Australian Football Hall of Fame. He represented both Victoria and Tasmania in interstate matches, and captained St Kilda to its first premiership. He also served as senior coach of Latrobe and St Kilda.
Saunders College of Business
Saunders College of Business (or SCB) (formerly known as The E. Philip Saunders College of Business) is one of eleven colleges at Rochester Institute of Technology and is accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). As of fall semester 2018, Saunders College of Business encompasses nearly 11% of RIT's enrollment, home to more than 2,000 undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in programs across RIT Global Campuses in Rochester, New York, Croatia, Dubai, and Kosovo.

Saunders College works in partnership with RIT’s entrepreneurial Venture Creations incubator and Albert J. Simone Center for Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship to integrate business education with RIT’s technical and creative programs. Saunders College offers undergraduate (BS), Masters (MS), Masters of Business Administration (MBA), and Executive MBA (EMBA) programs.

Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business
The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) is an American professional and accreditation organization. It was founded as the American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business in 1916 to provide accreditation to business schools.: 2  AACSB is one of three business program accreditors.

Not all members of the association are accredited;: 92  the association also does not accredit for-profit schools. In 2019, the association received ISO 9001 certification. The association was once known as the American Association of Collegiate Schools of Business and as the International Association for Management Education.
Bararite
Bararite is a natural form of ammonium fluorosilicate (also known as hexafluorosilicate or fluosilicate). It has chemical formula (NH4)2SiF6 and trigonal crystal structure. This mineral was once classified as part of cryptohalite. Bararite is named after the place where it was first described, Barari in Jharia Coal Field, Dhanbad, India. It is found at the fumaroles of volcanoes (Vesuvius, Italy), over burning coal seams (Barari, India), and in burning piles of anthracite (Pennsylvania, U.S.). It is a sublimation product that forms with cryptohalite, sal ammoniac, and native sulfur.

Rotational symmetry
Rotational symmetry, also known as radial symmetry in geometry, is the property a shape has when it looks the same after some rotation by a partial turn. An object's degree of rotational symmetry is the number of distinct orientations in which it looks exactly the same for each rotation.

Certain geometric objects are partially symmetrical when rotated at certain angles such as squares rotated 90°, however the only geometric objects that are fully rotationally symmetric at any angle are spheres, circles and other spheroids.
Fort of Cão
The Fort of Cão (Forte do Cão in Portuguese), also referred to as Fortlet of Cão (Fortim do Cão in Portuguese), is located in the place of Gelfa, by the Gelfa Beach and Gelfa Woodland, south of the village and parish of Âncora, in the municipality of Caminha, district of Viana do Castelo, in Portugal.

Viana do Castelo District
The Viana do Castelo District (Portuguese: Distrito de Viana do Castelo [viˈɐnɐ ðu kɐʃˈtɛlu] ⓘ) is a district located in the northwest of Portugal, bordered on the north by Spain (Galicia) and on the south by Braga District. It has an area of 2,255 km2 (871 sq mi) and a population of 252,011 (2006), for a density of 111.8 inhabitants/km2. The district capital is the city of Viana do Castelo.
Aïn Beïda District
Aïn Beïda District is a district of Oum El Bouaghi Province, Algeria.

The district is further divided into 3 municipalities:

Aïn Beïda

Zorg

Berriche

35°47′47″N 7°23′34″E﻿ / ﻿35.7964°N 7.3928°E﻿ / 35.7964; 7.3928

Aïn Beïda, Oum El Bouaghi
Aïn Beïda (Arabic: عين البيضاء) is a city and municipality (baladiyah) located in Oum El Bouaghi Province, Algeria, south east of Constantine and north of Khenchla, inhabited by Chaouis and Arabs. In 1998 its population was 88,300.
Saur (restaurant)
Saur was a restaurant in The Hague, in the Netherlands. It was a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star in both 1958 and 1959. It was again awarded a Michelin star in 1967 and retained that rating until 1989.
The restaurant finally closed down in November 2013.

In the period 1982–1984, head chef was Ad van Wel.

Restaurant Saur was convicted of breaching the price regulations in 1942. During the wintertime it had charged ƒ 2,50 for a plate of pea soup, while it was only allowed to charge ƒ 1,20. Although it was moved to a higher price class before the conviction, it still had to pay a fine of ƒ 1000 (thousand guilders).

In the last days of his life, 2 May 2002, politician Pim Fortuyn was dining with friends in Restaurant Saur. A large crowd of protesters gathered in front of the restaurant. A security firm offered to protect him, but Fortuyn declined. Four days later, on 6 May, he was murdered.

Types of restaurant
Restaurants fall into several industry classifications, based upon menu style, preparation methods and pricing, as well as the means by which the food is served to the customer. This article mainly describes the situation in the US, while categorisation differs widely around the world.
Robert Sitkoff
Robert H. Sitkoff (born 1974) is the Austin Wakeman Scott Professor of Law and the John L. Gray Professor of Law at Harvard Law School, where he specializes in trusts and estates.  He previously served as professor of law at New York University School of Law and Northwestern University School of Law.

Sitkoff's scholarly work focuses on trusts and estates, a field of law with relatively few prominent scholars.  He is co-author of Wills, Trusts, and Estates, the leading trusts and estates casebook in the United States; has published in leading academic journals such as the Yale Law Journal, Columbia Law Review, and the Journal of Law and Economics; has appeared as a commentator on CNN; and has had his work on the effects of the abolition of the rule against perpetuities featured in The Wall Street Journal.

Columbia Law Review
The Columbia Law Review is a law review edited and published by students at Columbia Law School. The journal publishes scholarly articles, essays, and student notes.

It was established in 1901 by Joseph E. Corrigan, who served as the review's first editor-in-chief, and John M. Woolsey, who served as its first secretary. The Columbia Law Review is one of four law reviews that publishes the Bluebook.
Mokran House
The Mokran House (Korean: 목란관; Hanja: 木蘭館) is a banquet hall in Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea. It is used for official ceremonies, including to welcome foreign guests.

A reception attended by Kim Jong Un, Pak Thae-song, Choe Ryong-hae, Jo Yong-won and others was held at Mokran House on October 10, 2025 for the 80th anniversary of the Workers' Party of Korea.

Choe Ryong-hae
Choe Ryong-hae (Korean: 최룡해; born 15 January 1950) is a North Korean politician and military officer who currently serves as Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly and First Vice President of the State Affairs Commission, holding both positions since April 2019.

He is also a member of the Presidium of the Politburo and Vice Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK). He also served as North Korean leader Kim Jong Un's military second-in-command, currently being third top-ranking official in North Korea after Kim Jong Un and Premier Pak Thae-song
Wrinkly Face Provincial Park
Wrinkly Face Provincial Park is a provincial park 16 kilometres north of Winfield in British Columbia, Canada. Access to the park is limited, and there are no motorized vehicles allowed inside its boundaries. The name of the park, Wrinkly Face, refers to the appearance of the basalt cliffs that are located in it.

Provincial park
A provincial park (or territorial park) is a park administered by one of the provinces of a country, as opposed to a national park. They are similar to state parks in other countries. They are typically open to the public for recreation. Their environment may be more or less strictly protected.
Jabberwocky (1971 film)
Jabberwocky (Czech: Žvahlav aneb šatičky slaměného Huberta, "Jabberwocky, or Hubert's Straw Hats") is a 1971 Czechoslovak animated short film written and directed by Jan Švankmajer, based loosely on the 1871 poem "Jabberwocky" by Lewis Carroll and on a children's book Anička skřítek a Slaměný Hubert ("Anička the Sprite and Straw Hubert") by Czech surrealist Vítězslav Nezval, which is referenced in the Czech title.

Jan Švankmajer
Jan Švankmajer (born 4 September 1934) is a Czech retired filmmaker, animator, writer, playwright and artist. He draws and makes free graphics, collage, ceramics, tactile objects and assemblages. In the early 1960s, he explored informel, which later became an important part of the visual form of his animated films. He is a leading representative of late Czech surrealism. In his film work, he created an unmistakable and quite specific style, determined primarily by a compulsively unorthodox combination of externally disparate elements. The anti-artistic nature of this process, based on collage or assemblage, functions as a meaning-making factor. The author himself claims that the intersubjective communication between him and the viewer works only through evoked associations, and his films fulfil their subversive mission only when, even in the most fantastic moments, they look like a record of reality. Some of the works he created together with his wife Eva Švankmajerová.
Samsan-myeon, Yeosu
Samsan-myeon (Korean: 삼산면; Hanja: 三山面; RR: Samsan-myeon; MR: Samsan-myŏn; lit. three mountains), also called Samsan Township, or Samsan for short, is a myeon (township) in Yeosu, a city in South Jeolla Province, South Korea. The township is located in the south-western part of the city with a total area of 27.48 square kilometres (10.61 sq mi). The population was recorded to be 2643 people, 1438 males and 1205 females, and the number of houses totaled 1261. The myeon office is located in 28–10, Geomun-gil in Geomun-ri. There are Jeju Province in the south-west of the myeon; mainland of Yeosu in the north-east; Goheung County in the north; and Wando County in the north-east. There is Geomundo/Baekdo zone of Dadohaehaesang National Park in Geomundo and Baekdo. The name of the myeon, Samsan, which means three mountains, is from three main islands in Geomumdo which looked like three mountains: Seodo, Dongdo, and Godo.

McCune–Reischauer
McCune–Reischauer (MR; /məˈkjuːn ˈraɪʃaʊ.ər/ mə-KEWN RYSHE-ow-ər) is a romanization system for the Korean language. It was first published in 1939 by George M. McCune and Edwin O. Reischauer. Significant work on the system was done by Korean linguists Choe Hyeon-bae, Jeong In-seop, and Kim Seon-gi.

According to Reischauer, McCune "persuaded the American Army Map Service to adopt [the McCune–Reischauer system], and through the Korean War it became the foundation for most current Romanizations of Korean place names."

A variant of McCune–Reischauer is currently used as the official system in North Korea. Another variant is currently used for standard romanization library catalogs in North America. On the other hand, South Korea formerly used yet another variant as its official system from 1984 to 2000, but replaced it with the Revised Romanization of Korean in 2000.
Akihiko Koike
Akihiko Koike (Japanese: 小池 昭彦; born April 10, 1973) is a retired male race walker from Nagano, Japan. He set his personal best (1:20.16) in the men's 20 km on January 30, 2000, in Kobe. He made two major global appearances: first at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics, where he was 27th in the men's 50 km walk, and secondly at the 2000 Sydney Olympics, where he failed to finish the 20 km race.

Nagano (city)
Nagano (長野市, Nagano-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜɡano, naɡanoꜜɕi]) is the capital and largest city of Nagano Prefecture, located in the Nagano Basin (Zenkoji Daira) in the central Chūbu region of Japan. Nagano is categorized as a core city of Japan. Nagano City is the highest prefectural capital in Japan, with an altitude of 371.4 meters (1,219 ft).

The city is surrounded by mountains, the highest of which is Mount Takatsuma (2,353 m), and it is near the confluence of the Chikuma River—the longest and widest river in Japan—and the Sai River. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 365,296 in 160,625 households, and a population density of 438 persons per km². The total area of the city is 834.81 square kilometres (322.32 sq mi).
Aapo Harjula
Abraham (Aapo) Harjula (18 December 1880, in Laukaa – 7 September 1961) was a Finnish cooperative inspector and politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1917 to 1918, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP). During the 1918 Finnish Civil War Harjula was a member of the Central Workers' Council of Finland. After the war he was in prison until 1921.

Laukaa
Laukaa (Finnish: [ˈlɑu̯kɑː]; Swedish: Laukas) is a municipality of Finland. It is located next to Jyväskylä and is part of the Central Finland region. The municipality has a population of 18,876 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 825.59 square kilometres (318.76 sq mi) of which 177.09 km2 (68.37 sq mi) is water.  The population density is 29.11 inhabitants per square kilometre (75.4/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

The subject of Laukaa's coat of arms refers to the municipality's abundant coniferous forests and Laukaa's location in the heart of Finland. The explanation of the coat of arms is "a red heart in a silver field, from which grows a three-pronged green conifer." The coat of arms was designed by Olof Eriksson and approved by the Laukaa Municipal Council at its meeting on June 6, 1955. The Ministry of the Interior confirmed the use of the coat of arms on September 5 of the same year.
Chaitanya Bishnoi
Chaitanya Bishnoi (born 25 August 1994) is an Indian cricketer who played for Haryana. He made his Twenty20 debut on 6 January 2016 in the 2015–16 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. In January 2018, he was bought by the Chennai Super Kings in the 2018 IPL auction. He was released by the Chennai Super Kings ahead of the 2020 IPL auction.

Bishnoi studied at Durham University, where he represented Durham MCC University in cricket. He also won a half-palantinate in cricket as a member of Hatfield College. His brother, Bhavya Bishnoi, has also played first-class cricket. His parents, Kuldeep and Renuka Bishnoi are politicians in Haryana, and his grandfather, Bhajan Lal, was a Chief Minister.

2015–16 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy
The 2015–16 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy was the eighth edition of the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy, an annual Twenty20 tournament in India. Played from 2 to 20 January 2016, it was contested by all 27 Ranji Trophy teams. Uttar Pradesh won the championship, claiming their first title.