hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Takahashi Shigetane
Takahashi Shigetane (高橋 紹運; 1548 – September 10, 1586) also known as Takahashi Shōun (Jōun) (高橋 紹運) was a Japanese samurai lord and senior retainer of the Ōtomo clan throughout the latter Sengoku period. He was the biological father of Tachibana Muneshige.

Kashindan
Kashindan (家臣団) was an institution of the retainers (kashin) of the shogun or a daimyo in Japan that became a class of samurai. It was divided into the military commanders (bankata) and the civil officers (yakukata).

In the Nanboku-chō and Muromachi periods, the kashindan began to include members of the clan that it served. In the Sengoku period, in response to the need for a strong military organization with a centralized power structure, the daimyo organized their own kashindan as a standing army. By the Edo period, they had become a discrete class of samurai, and each family was paid an annual stipend according to its rank. The kashindan was abolished in 1871 as part of the Meiji Restoration.
Purapel River
The Purapel river is a tributary of the river Perquilauquén, and traverses parts of the Talca and Linares provinces, in the Maule Region of Chile. It is born in the Cordillera de la Costa, near Empedrado, forms part of the border between these two provinces and, in its lower course, forms part of the border between the provinces of Linares and Cauquenes.

The Purapel is an anomaly since it flows eastward in a country where the overwhelming majority of rivers flow east-to-west.

Chilean Coast Range
The Chilean Coast Range (Spanish: Cordillera de la Costa) is a mountain range that runs from north to south along the Pacific coast of South America parallel to the Andean Mountains, extending from Morro de Arica in the north to Taitao Peninsula, where it ends at the Chile triple junction, in the south. The range has a strong influence on the climate of Chile since it produces a rain shadow to the east. Because of this the vegetation growing on the seaward slopes is much more exuberant than in the interior. Compared to the coastal lowlands and the Intermediate Depression, it is sparsely populated with land use varying from protected areas to grazing and silviculture. The range is present in all Chilean regions, except for Coquimbo Region and Magallanes Region.
Tetramethoxyphenethylamine
Tetramethoxyphenethylamines (TeMPEA) are a group of positional isomers of the psychedelic cactus alkaloid mescaline. Some of them are described in the book PiHKAL by Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin.

2,3,4,5-Tetramethoxyphenethylamine (TeMPEA-1)

TeMPEA-2 (2,3,4,6-tetramethoxyphenethylamine)

TeMPEA-3 (2,3,5,6-tetramethoxyphenethylamine)

BOM (drug) (3,4,5,β-tetramethoxyphenethylamine)

PiHKAL
PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story, also known as Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved, is a book by Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin published in 1991. The subject of the work is psychoactive phenethylamine chemical derivatives, notably those that act as psychedelics and/or entactogens. The book has two halves, with the second part containing detailed entries on 179 phenethylamines. PiHKAL was followed by TiHKAL: The Continuation (Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved) (1997).
Slocumb
Slocumb is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Heathcliff Slocumb (born 1966), American baseball player

Jesse Slocumb (1780–1820), U.S. Congressional Representative

William Slocumb (1810–1865), Canadian physician and politician

English name
English names are personal names used in, or originating in, England.
In England, as elsewhere in the English-speaking world, a complete name usually consists of one or more given names, commonly referred to as first names, and a (most commonly patrilineal, rarely matrilineal) family name or surname, also referred to as a last name. The given names after the first are often referred to as middle names.
French dip
A French dip sandwich, also known as a beef dip, is a hot sandwich consisting of thinly sliced roast beef (or, sometimes, other meats) on a "French roll" or baguette.

A popular variation is to top with Swiss cheese, onions, and a dipping container of beef broth produced from the cooking process (termed au jus, "with juice"). Beef stock, a light beef gravy, or beef consommé is sometimes substituted. The sandwich is most commonly served with a cup on the side, into which the sandwich is dipped as it is eaten, although this is not how the sandwich was served when it was originally developed.

The sandwich is an American invention, with the name seeming to refer to the style of bread.

Stock (food)
Stock, sometimes called bone broth, is a savory cooking liquid that forms the basis of many dishes – particularly soups, stews, and sauces. Making stock involves simmering animal bones, meat, seafood, or vegetables in water or wine, often for an extended period. Mirepoix or other aromatics may be added for more flavor.
Exchange Square
Exchange Square can refer to:

Exchange Square (Johannesburg), South Africa

Exchange Square (Hong Kong)

Exchange Square, Manchester, England
Exchange Square tram stop

Exchange Square (London), England

Exchange Square (Hong Kong)
Exchange Square (Chinese: 交易廣場; Jyutping: gaau1 jik6 gwong2 coeng4) is a building complex located in Central, Hong Kong. It houses offices and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. It is served by the Central and Hong Kong stations of the MTR metro system.

Most of the Exchange Square is owned by Hong Kong Land, with the remaining portion owned by the Government. The building has three blocks, namely, One Exchange Square, Two Exchange Square and Three Exchange Square. A shopping block known as The Forum was redeveloped as an office building in 2011–14.

The ground level houses a large bus terminus, Central (Exchange Square) Bus Terminus.
Lillie Langtry (horse)
Lillie Langtry (foaled 27 February 2007) is an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. Bred at a small stud in County Cork she was sold as a yearling and raced for the Coolmore organisation. As a two-year-old, she was one of the best juvenile fillies in Ireland winning three of her seven races including the Fillies' Sprint Stakes, Debutante Stakes and Tattersalls Timeform Fillies' 800 as well as finishing third in both the Albany Stakes and the Moyglare Stud Stakes. She was injured when finishing unplaced in the Breeders' Cup Juvenile Fillies Turf. In 2010 she recorded her biggest wins when achieving Group One victories in the Coronation Stakes at Royal Ascot and the Matron Stakes at Leopardstown. She was retired at the end of the year with a record of five wins from eleven races and has become a successful broodmare, producing three Classic race-winning daughters.

Matron Stakes (Ireland)
The Matron Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Ireland open to thoroughbred fillies and mares aged three years or older. It is run at Leopardstown over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.
Stromboli (food)
Stromboli are a type of baked bread filled with various Italian cheeses (typically mozzarella) and Italian cold cuts (typically salami, capocollo, and bresaola) or vegetables, served hot. The dough is either Italian bread dough or pizza dough. Stromboli are an Italian-American dish invented in Philadelphia by the mid-20th century. The dish is ultimately named for the volcanic island off the coast of Sicily, by way of the 1950 Roberto Rossellini film of the same name.

Stromboli are similar to a calzone or scaccia, and the dishes are sometimes confused. Unlike calzones, which are always stuffed and folded into a crescent shape, stromboli are typically rolled or folded into a cylinder, and may sometimes contain a thin layer of tomato sauce on the inside.

Bresaola
Bresaola is air-dried, salted beef (but it can also be made of horse, venison, and pork) that has been aged two or three months until it becomes hard and turns a dark red, almost purple colour. It is made from top (inside) round, and it is lean and tender, with a sweet, musty smell. It originated in Valtellina, a valley in the Alps of northern Italy's Lombardy region.

The word comes from the diminutive of Lombard bresada ('braised').
Tamalia coweni
Tamalia coweni, also known as the manzanita leaf gall aphid and the fold-gall aphid, is a species of aphid in the family Aphididae. Tamalia coweni induces galls on most species of glabrous manzanita tree. This aphid actually induces two types of galls: a midrib or margin leaf gall, and a less common inflorescence gall.

Tamalia coweni is common on the Pacific coast of North America and east to Nevada and Colorado. Tamalia inquilina, an inquiline of this species, is found in the Californias. Recently described species Tamalia glaucensis induces leaf galls on big-berry manzanita specifically.

Glabrousness
Glabrousness (from Latin  glaber 'bald, hairless, shaved, smooth, etc.') is the technical term for a lack of hair, down, setae, trichomes, or other such covering. A glabrous surface may be a natural characteristic of all or part of a plant or animal, or be due to loss because of a physical condition, such as alopecia universalis in humans, which causes hair to fall out or not regrow.
Sumanyu Satpathy
Sumanyu Satpathy (Odia: ସୁମନ୍ୟୁ ଶତପଥୀ) is an Indian academic, who has taught at the Delhi University, New Delhi and North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong. Before taking up his current affiliation at KR Mangalam University as Professor of Eminence, Satpathy was Professor and chair at the Department of English, University of Delhi; Fellow at the Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Rashtrapati Nivas, Shimla; and Distinguished Fellow at the Michael J Osborne Institute of Advanced Studies, La Trobe University. As a visiting professor, he has taught at the University of Granada, Spain; Jamia Millia Islamia, Frankfurt University, Germany; Exeter University, England and La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia among several others. His notable works include Modernity, Print and Sahitya: The Making of a New Literary Culture, 1866-1919, Reading Literary Culture: Perspectives from Orissa and Will to Argue: Studies in Late Colonial and Post-colonial Controversies.

Sarala Dasa
Sarala Dasa (born as Siddheswara Parida) was a 15th-century poet and scholar of Odia literature. Best known for three Odia books — Sarala Mahabharata, Vilanka Ramayana and Chandi Purana — he was the first scholar to write in Odia and his revered as the Adi Kabi (First Poet) of Odia literature. As an originator of Odia literature, his work has formed an enduring source of information for succeeding generations.
Aliaa Magda Elmahdy
Aliaa Magda Elmahdy (Egyptian Arabic: علياء ماجدة المهدي, IPA: [ʕælˈjæːʔ ˈmæɡdæ (ʔe)lˈmæhdi, ˈʕæljæ-]; born 16 November 1991) is an Egyptian internet activist and feminist advocate. She became known for publishing a nude photo on her Blogspot page, which she described on Facebook as "screams against a society of violence, racism, sexism, sexual harassment and hypocrisy". Since then she became a subject of several death threats. Elmahdy describes herself as a "secular, liberal, feminist, vegetarian, individualist Egyptian" and has identified as an atheist since turning 16.

Blogger (service)
Blogger is an American online content management system founded in 1999 that enables its users to write blogs with time-stamped entries. Pyra Labs developed it before being acquired by Google in 2003. Google hosts the blogs, which can be accessed through a subdomain of blogspot.com. Blogs can also be accessed from a user-owned custom domain (such as www.example.com) by using DNS facilities to direct a domain to Google's servers. A user can have up to 100 blogs or websites per account.

Blogger enabled users to publish blogs and websites to their own web hosting server via FTP until May 1, 2010. All such blogs and websites had to be redirected to a blogspot.com subdomain or point their own domain to Google's servers via DNS.
Things in tha Hood
Things in tha Hood is the second studio album by American rap duo DFC from Flint, Michigan. It was released on March 22, 1994 through the Atlantic Records subsidiary Big Beat Records. Production was handled by six record producers: DJ Slip and MC Eiht of Compton's Most Wanted, Warren G, The D.O.C., Cedric "Swift C" Barnett and the group's frequent collaborator MC Breed. It features guest appearances from MC Breed, MC Eiht, Warren G, Nate Dogg and Bushwick Bill. The album spawned two singles: "Caps Get Peeled" and "Things in tha Hood".

DJ Slip
Terry K. Allen, (born April 19, 1964) professionally known as DJ Slip or Don Bolo is an American record producer from Inglewood, California. He is a founding member of gangsta rap groups Compton's Most Wanted, X-Factor, and N.O.T.R. making him one of the pioneers of gangsta rap music.
Padre Padrone
Padre Padrone is a 1977 Italian film directed by Paolo Taviani and Vittorio Taviani.  The Tavianis used both professional and non-professional actors from the Sardinian countryside. The title (pronounced [ˈpaːdre pa'drone]) literally means "Father Master"; it has been translated as My Father, My Master or Father and Master.

The drama was originally filmed by the Taviani brothers for Italian television but won the 1977 Palme d'Or prize at the 1977 Cannes Film Festival.

The film depicts a Sardinian shepherd who is terrorized by his domineering father and tries to escape by educating himself. He eventually becomes a celebrated linguist. The drama is based on an autobiographical book of the same title by Gavino Ledda.

In 2008, the film was included on the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage’s 100 Italian films to be saved, a list of 100 films that "have changed the collective memory of the country between 1942 and 1978."

Ministry of Culture (Italy)
The Ministry of Culture (Italian: Ministero della Cultura - MiC) is the ministry of the Government of Italy in charge of national museums and maintenance of historical monuments. MiC's headquarters are located in the historic Collegio Romano Palace (via del Collegio Romano 27, in central Rome) and the current Minister of Culture is Alessandro Giuli.
Khaled Megawer
Major General Khaled Megawer (Arabic: خالد مجاور) is the current Director of the Egyptian Military Intelligence and Reconnaissance Administration. He was appointed in December 2018. He also assumed the position of Assistant Minister of Defense of Egypt for Foreign Affairs.

Military ranks of Egypt
The Military ranks of Egypt are the military insignia used by the Egyptian Armed Forces. Egypt has a uniform system similar to the United Kingdom, with rank insignia being similar across the different services.
Kurt Vonnegut Sr.
Kurt Vonnegut Sr. (November 24, 1884 – October 1, 1957) was an American architect and architectural lecturer active in early- to mid-20th-century Indianapolis, Indiana. A member of the American Institute of Architects, he was partner in the firms of Vonnegut & Bohn, Vonnegut, Bohn & Mueller, and Vonnegut, Wright & Yeager. He designed several churches, banks, and became the in-house architect for Indiana Bell and Hooks Drug stores (prior to World War II), practicing extensively in the Art Deco style. He was the father of chemist Bernard Vonnegut and author Kurt Vonnegut Jr.

Williams Creek, Indiana
Williams Creek is a town in Washington Township, Marion County, Indiana, United States. It is located about 9 miles (14 km) north of downtown Indianapolis. The population was 430 at the 2020 census. It has existed as an "included town" since 1970, when it was incorporated into Indianapolis as part of Unigov. It is part of Indianapolis, but retains a functioning town government under IC 36-3-1-11.
Ognon Aqueduct
The Ognon Aqueduct is one of several aqueducts on the Canal du Midi.  It was built in 1826-27 to replace the troublesome level crossing of the Ognon River.

The seemingly little Ognon River which normally trickles underneath the canal can, in the event of a cloudburst in the hills, can swell to such an extent that it floods the canal.  The lock keeper then has to close the floodgate preventing through navigation until the floods subside.

Aqueduct (bridge)
Aqueducts are bridges constructed to convey watercourses across gaps such as valleys or ravines. The term aqueduct may also be used to refer to the entire watercourse, as well as the bridge. Large navigable aqueducts are used as transport links for boats or ships. Aqueducts must span a crossing at the same level as the watercourses on each end. The word is derived from the Latin aqua ("water") and ducere ("to lead"), therefore meaning "to lead water". A modern version of an aqueduct is a pipeline bridge. They may take the form of tunnels, networks of surface channels and canals, covered clay pipes or monumental bridges.
Short Bridge
The Short Bridge spans the South Santiam River 12 miles (19 km) east of Sweet Home, Oregon, near the community of Cascadia. The 105-foot (32 m) Howe truss type bridge was built in 1945. It is named for Gordon Short, a long-time area resident. The bridge is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Howe truss
A Howe truss is a truss bridge consisting of chords, verticals, and diagonals whose vertical members are in tension and whose diagonal members are in compression. The Howe truss was invented by William Howe in 1840, and was widely used as a bridge in the mid to late 1800s.
Clarsach Glacier
Clarsach Glacier (69°57′S 70°17′W﻿ / ﻿69.950°S 70.283°W﻿ / -69.950; -70.283) is a glacier flowing south between Prague Spur and the Finlandia Foothills in northern Alexander Island, Antarctica. The feature was photographed from the air by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, and was mapped from these photographs by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, 1960. Further delineation was made from U.S. Navy aerial photographs taken 1966–67 and from U.S. Landsat imagery taken January 1974. It was so named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee, 1977, due to the resemblance its profile shares with a clàrsach, or Irish harp.

Prague Spur
Prague Spur (70°1′S 70°20′W﻿ / ﻿70.017°S 70.333°W﻿ / -70.017; -70.333) is a rock spur rising to about 500 m between Puccini Spur and the Finlandia Foothills, at the east end of the Mozart Ice Piedmont, situated in the northern portion of Alexander Island, Antarctica. Photographed from the air by Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE), 1947–48, and mapped from these photographs by D. Searle of Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), 1960. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1977 in association with the Mozart Ice Piedmont and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Symphony No. 38, the "Prague", composed in late 1786.
Carloman (mayor of the palace)
Carloman (between 706 and 716 – 17 August 754) was the eldest son of Charles Martel, mayor of the palace and duke of the Franks, and his wife Chrotrud of Treves. On Charles's death (741), Carloman and his brother Pepin the Short succeeded to their father's legal positions, Carloman in Austrasia, and Pepin in Neustria. He was a member of the family later called the Carolingians and it can be argued that he was instrumental in consolidating their power at the expense of the ruling Merovingian kings of the Franks. He withdrew from public life in 747 to take up the monastic habit, "the first of a new type of saintly king", according to Norman Cantor, "more interested in religious devotion than royal power, who frequently appeared in the following three centuries and who was an indication of the growing impact of Christian piety on Germanic society".

Norman Cantor
Norman Frank Cantor (November 19, 1929 – September 18, 2004) was a Canadian-American medievalist.  Known for his accessible writing and engaging narrative style, Cantor's books were among the most widely read treatments of medieval history in English. He estimated that his textbook The Civilization of the Middle Ages, first published in 1963, had a million copies in circulation.
Al Aghani Radio
Al Aghani Radio (Arabic: إذاعة الأغاني, also known as Elaghany or simply Aghani) is an Egyptian radio station devoted to music. It opened on 17 June 2000 by then-director of Egyptian Radio Hamdi Al-Kanisi. The station offers all sorts of popular music programming, including Arabic pop music, nasheed, and children's music. With the goal of presenting the heritage of Arabic music to a global audience but especially to Egypt and the rest of the Middle East, the station broadcasts throughout the Republic on the following FM frequencies: Cairo 105.8, Alexandria 97.6, Marsa Matruh 92.6, Hurghada 98.2, Safaga 89.8, Minya 104.6, Asyut 92.6, Sohag 92.8, and Qena 96.8. Additionally, Nilesat broadcasts throughout the region on 11765 MHz AM, and for a time the station had a global Internet feed (once at http://www.elaghany.com/Radio/de.htm Archived 29 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine).

Minya, Egypt
Minya (Arabic: المنيا  [elˈmenjæ]) is the capital of the Minya Governorate in Upper Egypt. It is located approximately 245 km (152 mi) south of Cairo on the western bank of the Nile River, which flows north through the city.

Minya has one of the highest concentration of Coptic Christians in Egypt (approximately 50% of total population). It is the home city of the Minya University, Suzanne Mubarak Center for Arts, the new Minya Museum, and the regional North of Upper Egypt Radio and Television.
SSD Argentina Arma
Società Sportiva Dilettantistica Argentina Arma is an Italian football club, based in Arma di Taggia, Liguria. The team currently plays in Serie D and  it is the team more representative of the province of Imperia with S.S.D. Unione Sanremo.

Taggia
Taggia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 110 kilometres (68 miles) southwest of Genoa and about 15 km (9 mi) west of Imperia. It has around 13,000 inhabitants.

Taggia borders the following municipalities: Badalucco, Castellaro, Ceriana, Dolcedo, Pietrabruna, Riva Ligure, and Sanremo. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Turkey Billie Jean King Cup team
The Turkey Billie Jean King Cup team represents Turkey in the Billie Jean King Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Turkish Tennis Federation. They currently compete in the Europe/Africa Zone of Group III.

Turkish Tennis Federation
The Turkish Tennis Federation (TTF) (Turkish: Türkiye Tenis Federasyonu) is the governing body of tennis and wheelchair tennis in Turkey. Formed in 1953, it is based in Ankara, Turkey. The TTF is a member of International Tennis Federation (ITF) and the Tennis Europe. Federation's president is Şafak Müderrisgil since 11 November 2024.
Freedom from Religion Foundation
The Freedom from Religion Foundation (FFRF) is an American nonprofit organization that advocates for atheists, agnostics, and nontheists.

Formed in 1976, FFRF promotes the separation of church and state, and challenges the legitimacy of federal and state government support for faith-based programs, such as chaplaincy services. It supports groups such as nonreligious students and clergy who want to leave their faith.

White House Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships
The White House Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships, formerly known as the Office of Faith-Based and Community Partnerships, was an office within the White House Office that was part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States.

The office was established by the George W. Bush administration in 2001.  During the first Trump administration, it was inactive and replaced by an initiative centered around Centers for Faith and Opportunity Initiatives.  It was reinstated by the Biden administration, but abolished by the second Trump administration and replaced with the White House Faith Office.