hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Karen Morse (chemist)
Karen Dale Williams Morse is an inorganic chemist. She was president of Western Washington University from 1993 until 2008, and was named the Bowman Distinguished Professor in 2014. She is an elected fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Western Washington University
Western Washington University (WWU or Western) is a public university in Bellingham, Washington, United States. The northernmost university in the contiguous United States, WWU was founded in 1893 as the state-funded New Whatcom Normal School, succeeding a private school of teaching for women founded in 1886. The university adopted its present name in 1977.

WWU offers bachelor's and master's degrees and a few doctorates. In 2022, there were 14,747 students, 13,801 of whom were undergraduate students, and 664 full-time faculty. Its athletic teams are known as the Vikings, and compete in Division II of the National Collegiate Athletic Association.

The main campus is on 215 acres in Bellingham. WWU also operates a marine center in Anacortes and academic locations in Everett and the Olympic and Kitsap Peninsulas. WWU is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities.
Miss Venezuela 2023
Miss Venezuela 2023 was the 70th Miss Venezuela pageant, held at the Centro Comercial Líder in Caracas, Venezuela, on December 7, 2023.

At the end of the event, Diana Silva of Distrito Capital crowned Ileana Márquez of Amazonas as Miss Venezuela 2023.  She represented Venezuela at the Miss Universe 2024 competition, placing as the 4th Runner-Up.

Also, Andrea Rubio of Portuguesa crowned Sakra Guerrero of Guárico as Miss Venezuela International 2023. She represented Venezuela at the Miss International 2024 competition, placing as the 3rd Runner-Up.

Miss Universe 2024
Miss Universe 2024 was the 73rd Miss Universe pageant, held at the Arena CDMX in Mexico City, Mexico, on 16 November 2024.

Sheynnis Palacios of Nicaragua crowned Victoria Theilvig of Denmark as her successor at the conclusion of the event. This was Denmark's first win in the pageant's history.

Contestants from a record 125 countries and territories competed in the pageant, surpassing the previous record of 94 entrants set in 2018.
The Condemned (1975 film)
The Condemned (German: Totstellen – Der Sohn eines Landarbeiters wird Bauarbeiter und baut sich ein Haus) is a 1975 Austrian-West German drama film directed by Axel Corti. It was entered into the 9th Moscow International Film Festival.

9th Moscow International Film Festival
The 9th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 10 to 23 July 1975. The Golden Prizes were awarded to the Polish film The Promised Land directed by Andrzej Wajda, the Soviet-Japanese film Dersu Uzala directed by Akira Kurosawa and the Italian film We All Loved Each Other So Much directed by Ettore Scola.
1971 National Formula Ford Driver to Europe Series
The 1971 National Formula Ford Driver to Europe Series was an Australian motor racing competition open to Formula Ford racing cars. It was the second annual Australian series for Formula Fords.

The series was won by Larry Perkins driving an Elfin 600.

Elfin Type 600
The Elfin Type 600 is a Formula car produced from 1968 to 1971 by Elfin Sports Cars in Australia. The model was originally developed to compete in the Australian 1½ Litre Formula but later variants were also produced for other categories including Australian Formula 2, the Australian National Formula, Australian Formula 1, Australian Formula 3 and Formula Ford.

The model has won numerous major titles including the 1968 Australian 1½ Litre Championship, 1971 Australian Formula 2 Championship, 1972 Australian Formula 2 Championship, the 1970 and 1971 Australian Formula Ford Series, the 1970 and 1971 New Zealand Formula Ford Championships, the 1968 Singapore Grand Prix, the 1968 and 1969 Malaysian Grand Prix and the 1983 Australian Hillclimb Championship.

The car cost $6500 when it was new.

Elfin 600 C

Elfin 600 FF

Elfin 600 E
Single sensillum recording
Single sensillum recording (SSR) is a form of extracellular electrophysiology. This technique measures action potentials, generated from olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs), through a single sensilla on an insects' antennae. These sensillum are hair-like structures that protrude through the cuticle as well as several other auxiliary and sensory cells.

This method is often utilized if more quantitative results are desired, as the recordings produced have the ability to test and demonstrate the sensitivity and selectivity of individual OSNs, providing a technique for mapping the receptiveness of olfactory receptor proteins within the OSNs. It is also often combined with other techniques, such as gas chromatography, sensillum incision, diffusion, or microinjection.

Some applications for this technique include testing pheromone sensitivity, testing reactions to volatile compounds in the environment, and reactivity to chemical cues from other organisms.

Cuticle
A cuticle (/ˈkjuːtɪkəl/), or cuticula, is any of a variety of tough but flexible, non-mineral outer coverings of an organism, or parts of an organism, that provide protection. Various types of "cuticle" are non-homologous, differing in their origin, structure, function, and chemical composition.
Terry Stephens
Terence John Stephens (born 11 June 1959) is an Australian politician, and a member of the South Australian Legislative Council since being elected in 2002, representing the South Australian Division of the Liberal Party of Australia. He has been the President of the South Australian Legislative Council since May 2022. He served, also, in the role from February to September 2020.

South Australian Legislative Council
The Legislative Council is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of South Australia, the lower house being the House of Assembly.

Its central purpose is to act as a house of review for legislation passed through the House of Assembly. It sits in Parliament House in the state capital, Adelaide. The upper house has 22 members elected for staggered eight-year terms by proportional representation, with half of the members facing re-election every four years. It is elected in a similar manner to its federal counterpart, the Senate. Casual vacancies—where a member resigns or dies—are filled by a joint sitting of both houses, who then elect a replacement.
'68 (band)
'68 is an American noise rock duo from Atlanta, Georgia. Formed in 2013 by guitarist and vocalist Josh Scogin—formerly of the hardcore punk band the Chariot—and drummer Michael McClellan, the band currently comprises Scogin and drummer Nikko Yamada.

Listener (band)
Listener is an American spoken word rock band from Fayetteville, Arkansas. Originally a hip hop project by Dan Smith, who used the moniker "Listener", it soon evolved into a full-fledged rock band. The current lineup consists of Smith as vocalist, trumpeter, and bassist together with guitarist Jon Terrey and drummer Kris Rochelle.
Wilderness Risk Management Conference
The Wilderness Risk Management Conference (WRMC) is a professional event focused on risk management in outdoor recreation, adventure travel, and wilderness education. The primary aim of the conference is to provide educational resources for organizations and individuals working in wilderness and remote settings, with an emphasis on risk mitigation.

The WRMC was founded in 1994 through a collaboration of organizations with shared interests in outdoor risk management. The founding partners included the representatives from NOLS, Outward Bound USA, Wilderness Medical Society, Exum Mountain Guides, Association for Experiential Education, National Park Service, National Safety Network, American Alpine Club, and Outdoor Network.

Association for Experiential Education
The Association for Experiential Education, or AEE, is a nonprofit, professional membership association that promotes experiential education. Currently based in St. Petersburg, Florida, USA, it was founded in the early 1970s in Boone, North Carolina by a group of educators who believed that the core of learning is enhanced by experiential forms of education.
Bielsko Synagogue
The Bielsko Synagogue (Polish: Synagoga w Bielsku) was a former Modern Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in Bielsko, in Cieszyn Silesia, in the Silesian Voivodeship of Poland.

Designed by Karol Korn and completed in 1881 in the Moorish Revival and Romanesque Revival styles, the synagogue served as a house of prayer until  World War II when it was destroyed by Nazis on 13 September 1939.

Modern Orthodox Judaism
Modern Orthodox Judaism (also Modern Orthodox or Modern Orthodoxy) is a movement within Orthodox Judaism that attempts to synthesize Jewish values and the observance of Jewish law with the modern world.

Modern Orthodoxy draws on several teachings and philosophies, and thus assumes various forms. In the United States, and generally in the Western world, Centrist Orthodoxy underpinned by the philosophy of Torah Umadda ("Torah and secular knowledge") is prevalent. In Israel, Modern Orthodoxy is dominated by Religious Zionism; however, although not identical, these movements share many of the same values and many of the same adherents.
Wintersun (album)
Wintersun is the debut studio album by Finnish melodic death metal band Wintersun, then the solo project of Jari Mäenpää. It was released in September 2004. The Japanese edition of the album was released with the original three demo tracks used to obtain a contract with Nuclear Blast.

Jukka Koskinen
Jukka Koskinen is a Finnish musician who is the bassist for the metal bands Wintersun, Nightwish and Crownshift. He was also the bassist for Norther from 2000 until their disbandment in 2012, for Amberian Dawn from 2010 until 2013, for Cain's Offering from 2009 until 2014 and for Dark Sarah in 2014. In May 2021, he was revealed as Nightwish's session bass player for the band's virtual performances and for their Human. :II: Nature. World Tour in 2021 and 2022, and later joined the band as their new permanent bass player in August 2022.
Gallows (Gallows album)
Gallows is the third album by English hardcore punk band Gallows and the first full-length to feature new lead vocalist Wade Macneil, who replaced original frontman Frank Carter in August 2011, when Carter left to form new band Pure Love. It is also the last album to feature guitarist Steph Carter.

The album was produced, mixed and mastered by Spycatcher members Thomas Mitchener and Steve Sears at Watford's Broadfields Studio and was released on 10 September 2012 via the band's new label Venn Records in partnership with PIAS Recordings. The album was also released and distributed in the United States through Bridge Nine Records and in Australia and New Zealand through Halfcut Records/Shock Records.

It was also named the 9th best album of 2012 by Rock Sound.

Gallows (band)
Gallows were an English hardcore punk band from Watford, Hertfordshire. The band was formed in 2004 after Laurent Barnard's previous band disbanded. Gallows' debut album, Orchestra of Wolves, was distributed in the United States by Epitaph Records. The band were subsequently signed to Warner Bros. Records for a £1 million album contract, and released their second album Grey Britain in 2009. The band has been particularly successful in the UK, with two songs charting on the UK Singles Chart, and have been featured in magazines such as Kerrang!, Alternative Press and Rolling Stone.
Zah1de
Zahide Kayaci (born 6 June 2010) mononymously known as Zah1de, is a German rapper, dancer and social media influencer. She first gained recognition through TikTok with million followers and likes before signing with Universal Music Group in 2024. She is currently a member of Berlin Gen Z dance group "Lunatix".

Kayaci is best known for her viral dances influenced content and early breakthrough in the German music industry. She is considered one of the youngest rising artists in German rap. In 2025, she gained additional recognition through her involvement in the viral TikTok challenge "Zah1de Won This Trend", a social media trend centred around fast paced choreography and short performance clips. She won Bambi Award and 2 YouTube Music Awards in November 2025.

Mononym
A mononym is a name composed of only one word. An individual who is known and addressed by a mononym is a mononymous person.

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

In other cases, a person may select a single name from their polynym or adopt a mononym as a chosen name, pen name, stage name, or regnal name. A popular nickname may effectively become a mononym, in some cases adopted legally. For some historical figures, a mononym is the only name that is still known today.
500 Miles High
"500 Miles High" is a jazz fusion song by American musician Chick Corea and Return to Forever. Composed by Corea with lyrics by Neville Potter, it was recorded in 1972 for the group's second album, Light as a Feather, which was released in 1973. Brazilian singer Flora Purim provides the vocal and the piece became her signature song and a jazz standard.

Flora Purim
Flora Purim (born March 6, 1942) is a Brazilian jazz singer known primarily for her work in the jazz fusion style. She became prominent for her part in Return to Forever with Chick Corea and Stanley Clarke. She has recorded and performed with numerous artists, including Dizzy Gillespie, Gil Evans, Opa, Stan Getz, George Duke, Mickey Hart of the Grateful Dead, Santana, Jaco Pastorius, and her husband Airto Moreira.

In 2002, Purim was the recipient of one of Brazil's highest awards, the 2002 Ordem do Rio Branco for Lifetime Achievement. She has been called "The Queen of Brazilian Jazz".
Uptown Square Historic District
The Uptown Square Historic District is a commercial historic district encompassing parts of Broadway and Lawrence Avenue in the Uptown neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. Primarily developed between 1900 and 1930, the district was Chicago's largest commercial and entertainment hub away from downtown in the early twentieth century. The opening of Wilson station on the Northwestern Elevated Railroad spurred the area's development, as the transit line made Uptown's beaches an accessible tourist destination for the rest of the city. Many stores, restaurants, theaters, and clubs sprang up to cater to the area's new tourists, and it soon became a destination for young, single Chicagoans seeking entertainment. The district includes several prominent entertainment venues, including the Balaban and Katz-run Uptown Theatre and Riviera Theatre, the Aragon Ballroom, and the Green Mill nightclub.

The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 8, 2000.

Broadway (Chicago)
Broadway is a major street in Chicago's Lake View, Uptown, and Edgewater community areas on the city's North Side, running from Diversey Parkway (2800 North) to Devon Avenue (6400 North). Originally called Evanston Avenue, the name of the street was changed to Broadway on August 15, 1913, as part of 467 road name changes enacted on that date. The new name was taken from New York City's famous theater district.

The street runs at a mostly southeast-to-northwest diagonal direction between Diversey Parkway and Lawrence Avenue (4800 North).  Between Lawrence Avenue and Devon Avenue, Broadway runs in a north-to-south direction and becomes 1200 West in place of Racine Avenue. Broadway carries U.S. Route 14 from its terminus at Foster Avenue to the intersection of Ridge and Bryn Mawr Avenues. Broadway is the only street in the city of Chicago that does not have a suffix. It is not a Street, Avenue, Road, Boulevard nor Parkway; it is known simply as Broadway.
Proteus (programming language)
Proteus (PROcessor for TExt Easy to USe) is a fully functional, procedural programming language created in 1998 by Simone Zanella. Proteus incorporates many functions derived from several other languages: C, BASIC, Assembly, Clipper/dBase; and is especially versatile in dealing with strings, having hundreds of dedicated functions, making it one of the richest languages for text manipulation.

Proteus owes its name to a Greek god of the sea (Proteus), who took care of Neptune's crowd and gave responses; he was renowned for being able to transform himself, assuming different shapes. Transforming data from one form to another is the main usage of this language.

Proteus
In Greek mythology, Proteus (/ˈproʊtiəs, ˈproʊt.juːs/ PROH-tee-əs, PROHT-yooss; Ancient Greek: Πρωτεύς, romanized: Prōteús) is an early prophetic sea god or god of rivers and oceanic bodies of water, one of several deities whom Homer calls the "Old Man of the Sea" (hálios gérôn). Some who ascribe a specific domain to Proteus call him the god of "elusive sea change", which suggests the changeable nature of the sea or the liquid quality of water. He can foretell the future, but, in a mytheme familiar to several cultures, will change his shape to avoid doing so; he answers only to those who are capable of capturing him. From this feature of Proteus comes the adjective protean, meaning "versatile", "mutable", or "capable of assuming many forms". "Protean" has positive connotations of flexibility, versatility and adaptability.
Alexander Alexandrovich Dushkevich
Alexander Alexandrovich Dushkevich (Russian: Александр Александрович Душкевич; 20 September 1853 – 1918) was an Imperial Russian division and corps commander. He took part in the war against the Ottoman Empire and the Empire of Japan. He was promoted to major general in 1905 and lieutenant general in 1910. He fought against the German Empire on the Eastern Front.

Order of Saint Vladimir
The Imperial Order of Saint Prince Vladimir (Russian: орден Святого Владимира) was an Imperial Russian order established on 3 October [O.S. 22 September] 1782 by Empress Catherine II in memory of the deeds of Saint Vladimir, the Grand Prince and the Baptizer of the Kievan Rus'.
Martin Dougan
Martin Dougan (born 31 May 1987) is a Scottish television presenter and producer. He was born with cerebral palsy and has represented Scotland in wheelchair basketball and rugby.

He is best known for his work on BBC Newsround, where he was a presenter from 2013 to 2022.

Wheelchair basketball
Wheelchair basketball is a style of basketball played using a sports wheelchair. The International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (IWBF) is the governing body for this sport. It is recognized by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) as the sole competent authority in wheelchair basketball worldwide. FIBA has recognized IWBF under Article 53 of its General Statutes.

The IWBF has 95 National Organizations for Wheelchair Basketball (NOWBs) participating in wheelchair basketball throughout the world, with this number increasing each year. It is estimated that more than 100,000 people play wheelchair basketball from recreation to club play and as elite national team members.

Wheelchair basketball is included in the Paralympic Games. The Wheelchair Basketball World Championship is played two years after every Paralympic Games. Major competition in wheelchair basketball comes from Canada, Australia, the United States, Great Britain, the Netherlands, and Japan.
Frederick Williamson
Frederick Williamson CIE (31 January 1891 – November 1935) was a British Political Officer stationed in Sikkim, Bhutan, and Tibet in the 1930s. He was also an explorer and a founding member of the Himalayan Club. It was 'largely owing to his influence and the esteem in which he was held in Lhasa' that Tibet permitted the 1935 and 1936 Mount Everest Expeditions. His life was cut short by a chronic illness which occurred in Lhasa during November 1935 on a mission to negotiate a settlement between Tibet and Thubten Choekyi Nyima, 9th Panchen Lama. On the announcement of his death, the Government of India stated that 'it robbed the Government of a most valuable officer'.

Order of the Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:

Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)

Knight Commander (KCIE)

Companion (CIE)

Appointments terminated after 1947, the year that British India became the independent Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. With the death of the last surviving knight, the Maharaja Meghrajji III of Dhrangadhra, the order became dormant in 2010.
The motto of the Order is Imperatricis auspiciis, (Latin for "Under the auspices of the Empress"), a reference to Queen Victoria, the first Empress of India. The Order is the junior British order of chivalry associated with the British Indian Empire; the senior one is The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
St. Margaret's Church, Mediaș
St. Margaret's Church (Romanian: Biserica Sfânta Margareta; German: Margarethenkirche) is a Lutheran church located at 1 Piața Castelului in the town center of Mediaș (Mediasch), Sibiu County, in the Transylvania region of Romania.

The present late Gothic structure was built between 1437 and 1488 by the ethnic German Transylvanian Saxon community at a time when the area was ruled by the Kingdom of Hungary. Consecrated as a Roman Catholic church, with St Margaret of Antioch as its patron saint, it became Lutheran in 1545, during the Reformation.

St. Margaret's church is located at the center of a large church fortress. About 150 of these buildings still exist in Transylvania. Seven of these villages with fortified churches are listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.

Margaret the Virgin
Margaret, known as Margaret of Antioch in the West, and as Saint Marina the Great Martyr (Ancient Greek: Ἁγία Μαρίνα) in the East, is celebrated as a saint on 20 July in Western Christianity, on 30th of July (Julian calendar) by the Eastern Orthodox Church, and on Epip 23 and Hathor 23 in the Coptic Orthodox Church. The teenage Margaret is said to have been tortured and beheaded when she refused to renounce Christianity and give her virginity to a Roman official in the 4th century. She was reputed to have promised very powerful indulgences to those who wrote or read her life or invoked her intercessions; these no doubt helped the spread of her following. Margaret is one of the Fourteen Holy Helpers in Roman Catholic tradition.
János Pintz
János Pintz (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈjaːnoʃ ˈpints]; born 20 December 1950 in Budapest) is a Hungarian mathematician working in analytic number theory. He is a fellow of the Rényi Mathematical Institute and is also a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2014, he received the Cole Prize of the American Mathematical Society.

Hungarian Academy of Sciences
The Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Hungarian: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈtudomaːɲoʃ ˈɒkɒdeːmijɒ], MTA) is Hungary’s foremost and most prestigious learned society. Its headquarters are located along the banks of the Danube in Budapest, between Széchenyi rakpart and Akadémia utca. The Academy's primary functions include the advancement of scientific knowledge, the dissemination of research findings, the support of research and development, and the representation of science in Hungary both domestically and around the world.