hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Senecio astephanus
Senecio astephanus is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name San Gabriel ragwort. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the rocky slopes of the Transverse Ranges and adjacent Coast Ranges. It is a perennial herb growing up to a meter tall and producing discoid flower heads containing golden yellow florets.

California Coast Ranges
The Coast Ranges of California span 400 miles (644 km) from Del Norte or Humboldt County, California, south to Santa Barbara County. The other three coastal California mountain ranges are the Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges and the Klamath Mountains.

Physiographically, they are a section of the larger Pacific Border province, which in turn is part of the larger Pacific Mountain System physiographic division. UNESCO has included the "California Coast Ranges Biosphere Reserve" in its Man and the Biosphere Programme of World Network of Biosphere Reserves since 1983.
Pristimantis pinguis
Pristimantis pinguis is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Peru where it is known from the region of its type locality in the Celendín Province as well as from the western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental in the Cajamarca Region.
Its natural habitat is tropical high-altitude grassland at elevations of 3,000–3,916 m (9,843–12,848 ft) asl. This little-known species is potentially threatened by habitat loss caused by agricultural development.

Strabomantidae
The Strabomantidae, sometimes called cloud forest landfrogs, are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes Pristimantis, the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Based on molecular dating, the Holoadeninae in particular appears to have originated in the Eocene. The Oligocene-Miocene transition was also found to be important to their biogeographical history. However, the lack of Holoadeninae fossils and limited nucleotide data ambiguates the results, by the authors' admission.
4-Vinylpyridine
4-Vinylpyridine (4-VP) is an organic compound with the formula CH2CHC5H4N.  It is a derivative of pyridine with a vinyl group in the 4-position.  It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples are often brown.  It is a monomeric precursor to specialty polymers.  4-Vinylpyridine is prepared by the condensation of 4-methylpyridine and formaldehyde.

4-VP is sometimes used in biochemistry to alkylate protein cysteine residues. When compared to other alkylation agents, such as iodoacetamide, acrylamide, and N-ethylmaleimide, 4-VP is less reactive, meaning the completion rate of cysteine alkylation is lower, but it also yields fewer side reactions. For some uses, such as during mass spectrometry measurements, 4-VP might be better because it is basic and can thus be protonated, adding net charge.

N-Ethylmaleimide
N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) is an organic compound that is derived from maleic acid. It is a unstable substance that reacts rapidly with thiols and is commonly used to modify cysteine residues in proteins and peptides.
Testimony (Volkov book)
Testimony (Russian: Свидетельство, romanized: Svidetel'stvo) is a book that was published in October 1979 by the Russian musicologist Solomon Volkov. He claimed that it was the memoirs of the composer Dmitri Shostakovich, who had died in 1975. Since its publication, its portrayal of the composer and his views has been controversial: the Shostakovich of the book was sometimes critical of fellow composers and most notably was strongly anti-Soviet in his views. The book also contained comments on his own music, suggesting that it was intended as veiled criticism of the Soviet authorities and support for the dissident movement. The authenticity of the book is still disputed.

Dissident
A dissident is a person who actively challenges an established political or religious system, doctrine, belief, policy, or institution. In a religious context, the word has been used since the 18th century, and in the political sense since the 20th century, coinciding with the rise of authoritarian governments in countries such as Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, Francoist Spain, the Soviet Union (and later Russia), North Korea, China, Turkmenistan and the Middle East. In the Western world, there are historical examples of people who have been considered and have considered themselves dissidents, such as the Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza. In totalitarian countries, dissidents are often incarcerated or executed without explicit political accusations, or due to infringements of the very same laws they are opposing, or because they are supporting civil liberties such as freedom of speech.
Enei Begaye
Enei Begaye, of the Diné (Navajo) & Tohono O'odham nations, is an activist and advocate for Indigenous peoples rights and the environment. Enei is an experienced grassroots organizer, speaker, writer, and strategist. She is the Executive Director of Native Movement, an Alaska-based social justice advocacy non-profit organization. She has been married to Mr. Evon Peter, Vice Chancellor for Rural, Community & Native Education, University of Alaska Fairbanks since 2003.

Navajo
The Navajo are an Indigenous People of the Southwestern United States. Their language is Navajo (Navajo: Diné bizaad), a Southern Athabascan language.

The states with the largest Diné populations are Arizona (140,263) and New Mexico (108,305). More than three-quarters of the Diné population resides in these two states.

The overwhelming majority of Diné are enrolled in the Navajo Nation. Some Diné are enrolled in the Colorado River Indian Tribes, another federally recognized tribe.

With more than 399,494 enrolled tribal citizens as of 2021, the Navajo Nation is the second largest federally recognized tribe in the United States. The Navajo Nation has the largest reservation in the country. The reservation straddles the Four Corners region and covers more than 27,325 square miles (70,770 square kilometers) of land in Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico. The Navajo Reservation is slightly larger than the state of West Virginia.
Individual dressage at the 2023 European Dressage Championships
The individual dressage at the 2023 FEI European Dressage Championships in Riesenbeck, Germany was held at Riesenbeck International from 4 to 10 September.

Germany's Jessica von Bredow-Werndl won the gold medal in the Grand Prix Special, repeating her success after the 2021 European Championships. Nanna Skodborg Merrald representing Denmark won a silver medal in the Grand Prix Special. Charlotte Dujardin of Great Britain won a bronze in special.

Charlotte Dujardin
Charlotte Susan Jane Dujardin (born 13 July 1985) is a British dressage rider, equestrian, and writer. A multiple World and Olympic champion, Dujardin has been described as the dominant dressage rider of her era. In 2014 she held the complete set of available individual elite dressage titles: the individual Olympic freestyle, World freestyle and Grand Prix Special, World Cup individual dressage and European freestyle, and Grand Prix Special titles. Dujardin was the first rider to hold this complete set of titles at the same time.

Her six Olympic medals are a joint record for a female British Olympian; cyclist Laura Kenny has won more golds.

On 23 July 2024, Dujardin pulled out of the 2024 Summer Olympics after a video surfaced of her excessively whipping a horse during training. She was provisionally handed a one-year suspension, which was upheld by the International Federation for Equestrian Sports in December 2024.
Bernard Jackman
Bernard Jackman (born 5 May 1976) is an Irish former rugby union player who played for Connacht, Leinster and Sale Sharks. At international level, he has also played for Ireland. He released his autobiography, Blue Blood in 2011. He coached at FC Grenoble from 2011 to 2017, becoming head coach in 2016. He was head coach of Welsh Pro14 side the Dragons from 2017 to 2018 and was head coach of Bective Rangers FC from 2019 to 2024.

Since 2018 he has contributed regularly as a rugby analyst and co-commentator for RTÉ Sport, eir Sport, Premier Sports and other media outlets. In 2023 he was appointed Acting Head of High Performance Sport at Horse Sport Ireland in preparation for the 2024 Olympic Games.

Premier Sports
Premier Sports is a group of pay sports television channels owned by SSBL Limited that are available in the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom.

Premier Sports holds exclusive live rights to La Liga, Scottish League Cup, Elite Ice Hockey League, NHL and NASCAR. Premier Sports has shared rights to the United Rugby Championship in the Britain and exclusive live rights to 53 Premier League games in the Republic of Ireland. They also hold shared rights to the Scottish Cup with BBC Scotland.
Yadollah Sahabi
Yadollah Sahabi (Persian: یدالله سحابی) (25 February 1905 – 12 April 2002) was a prominent Iranian scholar, writer, reformist and politician. A close associate of Mohammad Mosaddegh and Mehdi Bazargan, Sahabi was an active campaigner for the nationalization of the Iranian oil industry in the 1950s. He was the father of Ezzatollah Sahabi and Fereydun Sahabi.

Sahabi studied at Université Lille Nord de France and majored in Geology. He got his Ph.D. degree in 1936 and was immediately hired by Tehran University, faculty of science. Sahabi was one of the founders of the Freedom Movement of Iran. He was an advocate of pluralism nationalization He was a full professor at Tehran University and well-credited writer.

Sahabi is considered by many Iranians a national hero and an Iranian treasure. He died at the age of 97 in Jam Hospital in Tehran.

Cultural pluralism
Cultural pluralism is a term used when smaller groups within a larger society maintain their unique cultural identities, whereby their values and practices are accepted by the dominant culture, provided such are consistent with the laws and values of the wider society. As a sociological term, the definition and description of cultural pluralism has evolved. It has been described as not only a fact but a societal goal.
WVVA
WVVA (channel 6) is a television station licensed to Bluefield, West Virginia, United States, serving the Bluefield–Beckley–Oak Hill market as an affiliate of NBC and The CW Plus. Owned by Gray Media, the station maintains studios on U.S. Route 460 in Bluefield, West Virginia, and its transmitter is located atop East River Mountain, near the West Virginia–Virginia border.

Oak Hill, West Virginia
Oak Hill is a city in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 8,179 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Beckley metropolitan area.

Country singer Hank Williams died in Oak Hill on his way to a concert on January 1, 1953. The city is also home to the historic Oak Hill Railroad Depot which still stands today as an artisan shop. More recently, recreation has become a leading industry as the city neighbors the New River Gorge National Park and Preserve.
Simon Jackson (cricketer)
Simon Jackson (born 18 May 1985) is a Jamaican cricketer who has played for both Jamaica and the Combined Campuses and Colleges in West Indian domestic cricket.

Jackson made his List A debut in October 2007, playing for the Combined Campuses in the 2007–08 KFC Cup. His first-class debut came the following year for the same team, in the 2007–08 Carib Beer Cup. Jackson finished his debut first-class season with 406 runs from six matches, making him his team's leading run-scorer (and fifth in the competition). He remained with Combined Campuses through to the 2009–10 season, but did not regain his prior form. The following season, Jackson switched to play for his home country, Jamaica. His most recent matches for the team came in April 2013, during the 2012–13 Regional Four Day Competition.

Jamaica national cricket team
The Jamaica national cricket team is the representative cricket team of Jamaica. The team competes under the franchise name, Jamaica Scorpions in the Cricket West Indies' Professional Cricket League which comprises both the Regional Four Day Competition and the Regional Super50.  Jamaica has won a sum of 12 regional first class and 9 regional one day titles. Hence the Scorpions have won the second most first class and 50 over championships in the history of West Indies cricket.

The most prominent Jamaican cricketers include George Headley, Allan Rae, Alf Valentine, Collie Smith, Lawrence Rowe, Michael Holding, Jeff Dujon, Courtney Walsh, Patrick Patterson, Jimmy Adams, Chris Gayle, Marlon Samuels, Jerome Taylor, Nikita Miller and Gareth Breese.
Cave-in-Rock State Park
Cave-In-Rock State Park is an Illinois state park, on 204 acres (0.83 km2), in the town of Cave-in-Rock, Hardin County, Illinois, in the United States. The state park contains the historic Cave-In-Rock, a landmark of the Ohio River. It is maintained by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR).

Hardin County, Illinois
Hardin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 3,649, making it the least populous county in Illinois. Its county seat is Elizabethtown. Hardin County is located in the part of the state known as Little Egypt. Hardin County was named for Hardin County, Kentucky, which was named in honor of Colonel John Hardin, an officer in the American Revolutionary War and the Northwest Indian War.
HMS Nottingham
Four ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Nottingham, after the city of Nottingham in the East Midlands, or alternatively after Lord High Admiral Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, who commanded the English fleet against the Spanish Armada in 1588. The first ship was rebuilt twice, and each is sometimes considered a separate ship:

HMS Nottingham (1703) was a 60-gun fourth rate launched in 1703. She was rebuilt in 1719 and 1745, and was sunk in 1773 as a breakwater.

HMS Nottingham (1794), was a 3-gun gunvessel, formerly a barge. She was purchased in 1796 and sold in 1800.

HMS Nottingham (1913) was a Town-class cruiser launched in 1913 and sunk in 1916.

HMS Nottingham (D91) was a batch two Type 42 destroyer launched in 1980, decommissioned in 2010 and scrapped from 2011.

Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham
Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, 2nd Baron Howard of Effingham, KG (1536 – 14 December 1624), known as Lord Howard of Effingham, was an English statesman and Lord High Admiral under Elizabeth I and James I. He commanded the English fleet against the Spanish Armada in 1588 and was chiefly credited with securing the victory that safeguarded England from invasion by the Spanish Empire. According to Britannica, "Although he was not as talented a seaman as his subordinates Sir Francis Drake and John Hawkins, Howard's able leadership contributed greatly to this important English victory."
Miss World Philippines 2017
Miss World Philippines 2017 was the seventh Miss World Philippines pageant, held at the Mall of Asia Arena in Pasay, Metro Manila, Philippines, on September 3, 2017. It was the first edition under the new national director, Arnold Vegafria.

Catriona Gray crowned Laura Lehmann as her successor at the end of the event. Three additional titleholders were also crowned at the event which were Winwyn Marquez as Reina Hispanoamericana Filipinas 2017, Cynthia Thomalla as Miss Eco Philippines 2017, and Sophia Senoron as Miss Multinational Philippines 2017. Glyssa Perez was named first runner-up, and Zara Carbonell was named second runner-up.

The event was attended by Miss World chairman Julia Morley, Miss World 2016 Stephanie Del Valle, and the Miss World 2016 Continental Queens of Beauty.

Julia Morley
Julia Evelyn Morley CBE (née Pritchard; born 25 October 1939) is an English businesswoman, charity worker and former model. She is the chairwoman and CEO of the Miss World Organization, which organizes the Miss World  and Mister World pageants. She is the widow of Miss World creator, the late Eric Morley who organized the pageant from its inception in July 1951, until his death in 2000.
Muskowekwan 85-29
Muskowekwan 85-29 is an Indian reserve of the Muskowekwan First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about 107 kilometres (66 mi) west of Yorkton. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 5 living in 2 of its 3 total private dwellings.

Muskowekwan First Nation
Muskowekwan First Nation (Ojibwe: Mashkawigwaning) is a Saulteaux (Ojibway) First Nation who inhabit approximately 100 km northwest of Melville, Saskatchewan, Canada.  As of May, 2008, the First Nation has 1,517 registered people, of which their on-reserve population was 400.
Cù-sìth
The cù-sìth(e) (Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [kʰuː ˈʃiː]), plural coin-shìth(e) (Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [kʰɔɲ ˈhiː]) is a mythical hound found in Irish folklore  and Scottish folklore. In Irish folklore it is spelled cú sídhe, and it also bears some resemblance to the Welsh Cŵn Annwn.

The cù-sìth is thought to make its home in the clefts of rocks and to roam the moors of the Highlands.  It is usually described as having a shaggy, dark green coat and being as large as a small cow.

According to legend, the creature was capable of hunting silently, but would occasionally let out three terrifying barks, and only three, that could be heard for miles by those listening for it, even far out at sea.  Those who hear the barking of the Cù-Sìth must reach safety by the third bark or be overcome with terror to the point of death.

Scottish folklore
Scottish folklore (Scottish Gaelic: Beul-aithris na h-Alba) encompasses the folklore of the Scottish people from their earliest records until today. Folklorists, both academic and amateur, have published a variety of works focused specifically on the area over the years. Some creatures of Scottish folklore are Loch Ness Monster, brownies, bogles, kelpies, selkies, the wulver, the bean-nighe, and the blue men of the Minch.
1915 St Austell by-election
The 1915 St Austell by-election was held on 24 November 1915.  The by-election was held due to the incumbent Liberal MP, Thomas Agar-Robartes, dying of wounds sustained in the Battle of Loos in the First World War.  It was won by the Liberal candidate Sir Francis Layland-Barratt who was unopposed due to a War-time electoral pact.

War-time electoral pact
The war-time electoral pact was an electoral pact established by the member parties of the United Kingdom coalition governments in the First World War, and re-established in the Second World War. Under the pact, in the event of a by-election only the party which previously held the seat would nominate a candidate, and the other coalition parties would stand aside.

This led to a number of unopposed by-elections as well as strong showings and surprise victories by third party candidates.

The 1914 to 1918 truce was officially broken in June 1918 when the Labour Party decided that the truce should no longer be recognised, although no Labour candidates were nominated before the 1918 General Election.
Aliens Infestation
Aliens: Infestation is a 2011 Metroidvania video game developed by WayForward Technologies and published by Sega for the Nintendo DS handheld console. It is a tie-in to the Alien franchise. The cover art as well as the character designs and avatars were drawn by comic book artist Chris Bachalo.

The game received generally positive reviews, with many calling it a successful callback to the original Alien series and an improvement over the previous games, with particular praise towards the atmosphere, graphics and art design.

WayForward
WayForward Technologies, Inc. is an American independent video game developer and publisher based in Valencia, California. Founded in March 1990 by technology entrepreneur Voldi Way, WayForward started by developing games for consoles such as the Super NES and Sega Genesis, as well as TV games and PC educational software. In 1997, they relaunched their video games arm, placing the company as a contractor for publishers and working on a variety of licensed assets.

The company has created a variety of original game properties such as their flagship Shantae series, including the first title in the series which appeared on the Game Boy Color and was published by Capcom. WayForward Technologies has worked on games for the Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, Nintendo 3DS and PlayStation Vita handheld consoles, WiiWare games for Nintendo's Wii and Wii U, Nintendo Switch consoles and games for PC and mobile phones.
Ribniško Selo
Ribniško Selo (pronounced [ˈɾiːbniʃkɔ ˈsɛːlɔ]; Slovene: Ribniško selo) is a settlement immediately north of Maribor in northeastern Slovenia. It belongs to the City Municipality of Maribor.

There is a small chapel with a belfry at the end of a small valley northeast of the main settlement. Above the door casing the date of construction is given as 1679.

Urban Municipality of Maribor
The Urban Municipality of Maribor (pronounced [ˈmaːɾibɔɾ]), also the City of Maribor (Slovene: Mestna občina Maribor, acronym MOM), is one of twelve urban municipalities in Slovenia. Its seat is Maribor, the second-largest city in Slovenia. The population of the municipality was 114,301 in 2025.

It borders Austria.
Guiana Amazonian Park
Guiana Amazonian Park (French: Parc amazonien de Guyane) is the largest national park of France, aiming at protecting part of the Amazonian forest located in French Guiana which covers 41% of the region. It is the largest park in France as well as the largest park in the European Union and one of the largest national parks in the world.

It cannot be accessed from the seashore or by any means other than airplane or pirogue via the Maroni and Oyapock rivers.

The protected area covers some 20,300 square kilometres (7,840 sq mi) for the central area (where full protection is enforced) and 13,600 square kilometres (5,250 sq mi) for the secondary area. Thus, the overall protected area represents some 33,900 square kilometres (13,090 sq mi) of rain forest.

The park has been built on territories belonging to the communes of Camopi, Maripasoula, Papaïchton, Saint-Élie, and Saül.

Like other Parcs nationaux de France, the park is overseen by the French Office for Biodiversity.

French Office for Biodiversity
The French Office for Biodiversity (OFB; French: Office français de la biodiversité) is an établissement public à caractère administratif within the Government of France. It is under the control of both the Ministry of the Ecological Transition and Ministry of Agriculture and Food. It conducts research and enforces government policies on wildlife and the environment.

The OFB, located in Vincennes, was established on 1 January 2020 as the new entity succeeding the French Agency for Biodiversity (primarily in charge of national parks and other protected areas) and the National Office for Hunting and Wildlife. It has 2,800 agents (including 1,900 in territorial entities and in the overseas territories). Of these agents, 1,800 are environmental inspectors exercising the police powers of the OFB.
DYNN
DYNN (97.3 FM), broadcasting as 97.3 Radyo Kasugbong, is a radio station owned and operated by the National Nutrition Council under the Nutriskwela Community Radio network. The station's studio is located at the Catubig Municipal Building, Catubig, Northern Samar. "Kasugbong" stands for friend in Waray.

Catubig
Catubig, officially the Municipality of Catubig (Waray: Bungto han Catubig; Tagalog: Bayan ng Catubig), is a municipality in the province of Northern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 32,688 people.