hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kadagistan
Kadagistan (Middle Persian: Kadagistān) was the name of an eastern Sasanian province in the region of Tokharistan (in what is now north-eastern Afghanistan), established by Khosrow I (r. 531–579) after his victory over the Hephthalite Empire in 557. The capital of the province was Warlu, a city located in the valley of the Kunduz River.

In 587, the province was briefly seized by the Turkic Khagan Bagha Qaghan (known as Sabeh in Persian sources), who penetrated as far as Herat, thus violating the 557 consensus between Khosrow I and the Khagan Istämi which set the Oxus as the frontier between the two empires. The lands were reconquered by the Sasanian military leader Bahram Chobin in 589. The province was, however, most likely permanently seized by the Turks a few years later, due to the absence of Sasanian coins from the period.

Kunduz River
The Kunduz River (Persian: رود قندوز) is a tributary of the Amu Darya in northern Afghanistan. It rises in Bamyan Province in the Hindu Kush, and in its upper reaches is also known as the Bamyan River or the Surkhab River. After passing through Baghlan and Kunduz provinces, the Kunduz River merges into the Amu Darya.
United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1966
The United Kingdom was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1966 with the song "A Man Without Love", composed by Cyril Ornadel, with lyrics by Peter Callander, and performed by Kenneth McKellar. The British participating broadcaster, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), selected its entry through a national final, after having previously selected the performer internally.

David Jacobs (broadcaster)
David Lewis Jacobs CBE (19 May 1926 – 2 September 2013) was a British broadcaster. He was the presenter of the BBC Television series Juke Box Jury in the 1960s, and chaired the long-running BBC Radio 4 topical discussion series Any Questions?. His earlier radio work included small acting parts: over the years he played himself or the characters of presenters in film, television and radio productions. Jacobs finally stepped down as a BBC Radio 2 presenter shortly before his death in 2013, his career having spanned more than 65 years.
Christoph Köler
Christoph Köler or (in Latin), Christophorus Colerus (1 December 1602 in Bunzlau, Fürstentum Schweidnitz-Jauer - 19 April 1658 in Breslau) was a German poet and writer.  A student of Martin Opitz (1597–1637) and follower of his Baroque poetical reforms, Köler later revised his papers and published a biography of his teacher.  His most noted student was the German priest, and mystical poet Angelus Silesius (1624–1677).

Köler was born in 1602 in Silesian Bolesławiec in the Duchy of Jawor, at got his first schooling at the Elisabet-Gymnasium in Breslau. Subsequently, he studied from 1624 to 1629 jurisprudence at the University of Strasbourg, where he joined the historian and philologist Matthias Egger of Bern. Köler returned to Bolesławiec in 1629. He was hired at the Breslauer Elisabeth-Gymnasium in 1634, and was appointed deputy head and Professor in 1637.

Bolesławiec
Bolesławiec (pronounced [bɔlɛˈswavʲɛt͡s] ⓘ, German: Bunzlau) is a historic city situated on the Bóbr River in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the administrative seat of Bolesławiec County, and of Gmina Bolesławiec (being an urban gmina in its own right). As of June 2021, it has a population of 38,280. Founded in the 13th century, the city is known for its long-standing pottery-making tradition and heritage Old Town.
William Hill Sportswoman of the Year
The William Hill Sportswoman of the Year Award was an award, which was first handed out in 2011, after William Hill decided to launch an award with a women-only shortlist to vote for after the BBC failed to announce any female nominations for the 2011 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award, which caused somewhat of a public outcry.

No award has been given out since 2012.

2011 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award
The 2011 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award took place on 22 December 2011 at the dock10 studios in Salford. It was the 58th presentation of the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award. Awarded annually by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), the main titular award honours an individual's British sporting achievement over the past year, with the winner selected by public vote from a ten-person shortlist. Other awards presented include team, coach, and young personality of the year.

The event, broadcast live on BBC One, was hosted by Sue Barker, Gary Lineker and Jake Humphrey.

Cyclist Mark Cavendish won the main award, with golfer Darren Clarke the runner-up and long-distance runner Mo Farah in third place.
Harrison, Marathon County, Wisconsin
The Town of Harrison is located in the northeastern corner of Marathon County, Wisconsin,  United States. It is part of the Wausau, Wisconsin Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 374. The unincorporated community of Snell is located in the town. The unincorporated community of Hogarty is also located partially in the town.

Wausau, Wisconsin
Wausau (/ˈwɔːsɔː/ ⓘ WAW-saw) is a city in Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is located along the Wisconsin River in central Wisconsin and had a population of 39,994 at the 2020 census. The Wausau metropolitan statistical area, consisting solely of Marathon County, had a population of 138,013.

The Wausau area was inhabited by various indigenous peoples, including the Ojibwe. It was settled by European immigrants in the mid-19th century and developed as a lumbering center due to its access to pine forests and river transport. Cultural and recreational attractions in Wausau include the Grand Theater, Granite Peak Ski Area, Rib Mountain State Park, Leigh Yawkey Woodson Art Museum, and the Wisconsin River.
Cricău
Cricău (Hungarian: Boroskrakkó; German: Krakau) is a commune located in the central part of Alba County, Transylvania, Romania. It has a population of 1,879 as of 2021 and is composed of three villages: Craiva (Királypataka), Cricău, and Tibru (Tibor).

The commune is situated on the Transylvanian Plateau, 11 km (6.8 mi) west of Teiuș, and 15 km (9.3 mi) north of the county seat, Alba Iulia. The river Cricău flows through the commune.

Dacian warfare
The history of Dacian warfare  spans from c. 10th century BC to 2nd century AD in the region defined by Ancient Greek and Latin historians as Dacia, populated by a collection of Thracian, Ionian, and Dorian tribes. It concerns the armed conflicts of the Dacian tribes and their kingdoms in the Balkans. Apart from conflicts between Dacians and neighboring nations and tribes, numerous wars were recorded among Dacians too.
Chris Kutschera
Paul Maubec, known by his pen name Chris Kutschera (13 May 1938 – 31 July 2017), was a French journalist, researcher, writer and specialist on the Middle East, with particular interest focused on Kurdish national movements. During his career he interviewed and photographed leading Kurdish figures, many of whom later took senior government positions, including: Mustafa Barzani, Dara Tawfiq, Masoud Barzani, Jalal Talabani, Nechirvan Barzani, Abdullah Öcalan, Hoshyar Zibari and Barham Saleh.

Barham Salih
Barham Salih (Kurdish: بەرھەم ساڵح, romanized: Berhem Salih; Arabic: برهم صالح, romanized: Barham Ṣāliḥ; born 8 September 1960) is an Iraqi-Kurdish politician who has been serving as United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees since 1 January 2026. He previously served as president of Iraq from 2018 to 2022.

He is the former prime minister of the Kurdistan Region and a former deputy prime minister of the Iraqi federal government. He was elected and assumed office as president of Iraq on 2 October 2018. Salih is the third non-Arab president of Iraq, succeeding Fuad Masum, who is also Kurdish. In October 2022 he lost his re-election to Abdul Latif Rashid.
Roland K. Bernard
Roland Kenneth Bernard (March 14, 1916 – June 24, 1953) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University in 1941 and at Arkansas Agricultural, Mechanical & Normal College—now known as the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff—from 1950 to 1952, compiling a career college football record of 14–21–4. Bernard died of a heart attack on June 24, 1953, in Pine Bluff, Arkansas.

Pine Bluff, Arkansas
Pine Bluff is a city in Jefferson County, Arkansas, United States, and its county seat. The population was 41,253 at the 2020 census, making it the tenth-most populous city in Arkansas.

Pine Bluff is situated in the southeast section of the Arkansas Delta and straddles the Arkansas Timberlands region to its west. Its topography is flat with wide expanses of farmland, similar to other places in the Delta Lowlands. Pine Bluff has numerous creeks, streams, and bayous, including Bayou Bartholomew, the longest bayou in the world and the second most ecologically diverse stream in the United States. Large bodies of water include Lake Pine Bluff, Lake Langhofer (Slack Water Harbor), and the Arkansas River.
Friedrichsruh station
Friedrichsruh station is a railway station on the Berlin–Hamburg Railway in the district of Friedrichsruh in the municipality of Aumühle in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein.

The Grade II listed station building, built in the mid-19th century, is one of the oldest surviving station buildings in Schleswig-Holstein and the only one on the line in the state that dates from the construction of the line. Since 2000, it has been the location of the Otto von Bismarck Foundation.

Aumühle
Aumühle (German: [aʊˈmyːlə] ⓘ) is a municipality in Schleswig-Holstein in northern Germany, about 21 km (14 mi) east of Hamburg. Its Friedrichsruh district is home to the family estate and mausoleum of Otto von Bismarck.
Spring Foundation School
Spring Foundation School is a private non-denominational coeducational Christian school located in Bonny Island, Rivers State, Nigeria. The school was established to partner with parents and to provide a Christ-centered learning atmosphere where children are encouraged to grow intellectually and spiritually. The school provides education to senior secondary, junior secondary, primary, nursery and pre-nursery levels. The current principal of the school in charge of discipline is Precious Akunna.

Senior secondary education
The senior secondary years are the years of later adolescence corresponding to the later part of secondary education.  Although definitions vary, the senior secondary years are sometimes defined as being from approximately age 15 to age 18.  The term generally includes tenth grade, eleventh grade and twelfth grade.

The senior secondary years often involve a difficult transition from the world of the child to that of the adult.  In many countries, school attendance is no longer compulsory in the senior secondary years.

The term "senior secondary" may also be used to refer to any institution that covers the upper part of secondary education, such as the High School in all National and State Boards in India and also as the Junior College in some State Boards in India.
Beach Health Clinic
Beach Health Clinic is a volunteer staffed, private, non-profit clinic established in 1986 by a group of concerned physicians. The mission of the clinic is to provide basic medical services and prescription assistance to the uninsured, working poor families of Virginia Beach.

Working poor
The working poor are working people whose incomes fall below a given poverty line due to low-income jobs and low familial household income. These are people who spend at least 27 weeks in a year working or looking for employment, but remain under the poverty threshold.

In the United States, the official measurement of the working poor is controversial. Many social scientists argue that the official measurements used do not provide a comprehensive overview of the number of working poor. One recent study proposed over 100 ways to measure this and came up with a figure that ranged between 2% and 19% of the total United States population.
Pete Lyman
Pete Lyman is a mastering engineer, and owner of Infrasonic Mastering, an audio and vinyl mastering studio with three locations in United States. He has mastered Grammy-award winning and nominated albums for Chris Stapleton, Tanya Tucker, Jason Isbell, Brandi Carlile, Sturgill Simpson, John Prine, Weezer, Panic! At the Disco, and more.

Lyman's music career began at the age of 14, playing bass in a number of bands, and sharing the stage with a variety of bands including My Bloody Valentine, The Mars Volta, and Sebadoh.

In 2012, Lyman opened Infrasonic Los Angeles, a custom-built mastering facility in Echo Park in Los Angeles, California. He has since opened additional studio facilities in Nashville, Tennessee and Oakland, California. Infrasonic Nashville is now home to Lyman's custom mastering suite, and his 1956 Neumann AM-32B lathe.

Georg Neumann
Georg Neumann GmbH is a manufacturer of professional recording microphones, preamplifiers, studio monitors, headphones, and audio interfaces. It was founded by Georg Neumann and Erich Rickmann in 1928 and is based in Berlin, Germany. Its best-known products are condenser microphones for recording, broadcast, and live music production purposes. For several decades Neumann was also a leading manufacturer of cutting lathes for phonograph disks, and even ventured into the field of mixing desks.
The Cool Surface
The Cool Surface (released in the Philippines as The Playmate) is a 1994 thriller film written and directed by Erik Anjou and starring Robert Patrick, Teri Hatcher, Cyril O'Reilly, Matt McCoy, Shannon Dobson and Ian Buchanan.

Ian Buchanan
Ian Buchanan (born 16 June 1957) is a Scottish television actor who has appeared on multiple American soap operas including General Hospital, Port Charles, The Bold and the Beautiful, All My Children, and Days of Our Lives. He is also known for his work in two David Lynch shows – playing Dick Tremayne in the second season of Twin Peaks (1990-1991) and Lester Guy in On the Air.
Kamla K. Kapur
Kamla K. Kapur (born 27 July 1948) is an Indian-American playwright, poet, and author. She is noted for her creative-retellings of stories, legends, and myths around Hindu gods, the Sikh Gurus, and the Sufi mystic Rumi, as well as several critically-acclaimed plays in English which have been produced in the US and India.

The Tribune (India)
The Tribune is an Indian English-language daily newspaper published from Chandigarh and printed at Chandigarh, Jalandhar, Bathinda, and Gurugram. It was founded on 2 February 1881, in Lahore, Punjab (now in Pakistan), by Sardar Dyal Singh Majithia, a philanthropist, and is run by a trust comprising five persons as trustees. It is a major Indian newspaper with a worldwide circulation. In India, it is among the leading English daily for Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and the Union Territory of Chandigarh.
War in the 20th Century
The War in the 20th Century or La Guerre au vingtième siècle in the original French is an 1883 science fiction short novel written and illustrated by Albert Robida. It is the third illustrated short novel by the same name published by Robida, with the other two being published in 1869 and 1883. Robida is considered to be the first Science Fiction illustrator, and this piece in particular is often lauded for its robust illustrations.

The novel was written in 1869, before being published in La Caricature (1880–1904) in 1883, and then again in 1887. The novel was republished in English in 1998 in an anthology called Around the World.

Armoured personnel carrier
An armoured personnel carrier (APC) is a broad type of armoured military vehicle designed to transport personnel and equipment in combat zones. Since World War I, APCs have become a very common piece of military equipment around the world.

According to the definition in the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, an APC is "an armoured combat vehicle which is designed and equipped to transport a combat infantry squad and which, as a rule, is armed with an integral or organic weapon of less than 20 millimetres calibre." Compared to infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs), which are also used to carry infantry into battle, APCs have less armament and are not designed to provide direct fire support in battle. Infantry units that travel in APCs are known as mechanized infantry. Some militaries also make a distinction between infantry units that use APCs and infantry units that use IFVs, with the latter being known as armoured infantry.
Otto Schnellbacher
Otto Ole Schnellbacher (April 15, 1923 – March 10, 2008) was an American professional football player who was a safety and end for the New York Yankees of the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) and the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL). A two-time Pro Bowler, Schnellbacher was the first player in pro football history with multiple seasons of 10 interceptions (1948, 1951); only six other players have had multiple seasons of 10 interceptions since Schnellbacher did so. He also was a professional basketball player, playing for the Basketball Association of America's Providence Steamrollers and St. Louis Bombers in the 1948–49 season.

End (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles.  Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes.  There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end.

It is also used in terminology such as an end run.
Bonemerse
Bonemerse (Cremunés: Bunemérs) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southeast of Milan and about 4 kilometres (2 mi) southeast of Cremona.

Bonemerse borders the following municipalities: Cremona, Malagnino, Pieve d'Olmi, Stagno Lombardo.

Cremunés dialect
Cremonese (Cremunés) is a dialect of the Western Lombard dialect group spoken in the city and province of Cremona in Lombardy, Italy, with the exception of Crema and the area of Soresina, where an Eastern Lombard dialect is spoken, and the area of Casalmaggiore, where a form of Emilian closely related to Parmigiano is spoken.

Being at the crossroad between the core areas of different Lombard varieties, Cremonese exhibits features from both Western Lombard and Eastern Lombard, and a few which are typical of dialects spoken in the nearby region of Emilia-Romagna. It is best classified within the Southwestern Lombard group of dialects.
Charles Simonyi
Charles Simonyi (/sɪˈmoʊni/; Hungarian: Simonyi Károly, pronounced [ˈʃimoɲi ˈkaːroj]; born September 10, 1948) is a Hungarian-American software architect, businessman, and space tourist. He led the development of Microsoft's first application software, including early versions of Microsoft Office, and later co-founded Intentional Software, a company focused on his concept of intentional programming. A former researcher at Xerox PARC, he helped pioneer graphical user interfaces and introduced object-oriented programming and Hungarian notation to Microsoft. Simonyi flew to space twice as a private citizen, becoming the fifth space tourist and the only one to pay for two separate trips to the International Space Station. As of January 2025, his net worth was estimated at US$7.5 billion.

Software architect
A software architect is a software engineer responsible for high-level design choices related to overall system structure and behavior.

It's a software architect's responsibility to match architectural characteristics (aka non-functional requirements) with business requirements. For example:

Having high customer satisfaction requires availability, fault tolerance, security, testability, recoverability, agility and performance in the system.

Doing mergers and acquisitions (M&A) requires extensibility, scalability, adaptability, and interoperability.

Constrained budget and time requires feasibility and simplicity.

Faster time-to-market requires maintainability, testability and deployability.
Anders W. Jonsson
Olof Anders Wedin Jonsson, (born Jonsson 24 June 1961 in Svegs Parish, Härjedalen Municipality, Härjedalen, Jämtland County), is a Swedish politician and member of the Riksdag for the constituency Gävleborg County and the parliamentary leader of the Center Party. He takes up seat number 239 in the Riksdag and has been a member of the War Delegation since October 2014. Jonsson grew up in the village of Kälarne in eastern Jämtland, where he began his involvement in the Centre Party's youth organization, Centre Party Youth (CUF). Since September 2011, he has also been the first deputy chairman of the Center Party and its parliamentary leader in the Riksdag. At the beginning of 2020 he was the substitute leader of the Center Party, substituting for Annie Lööf during her parental leave.

Åre
Åre (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈôːrɛ]; Southern Sami: Ååre) is a locality and one of the leading Scandinavian ski resorts situated in Åre Municipality, Jämtland County, Sweden with 3,200 inhabitants in 2018. It is, however, not the seat of the municipality, which is Järpen. 25% of the local economy is based on tourism, most notably the downhill skiing and biking resorts in Åre, Duved and Storlien. The growth in tourism has resulted in the development of hotels, recreational and shopping opportunities in the area.
Sukhoy Log
Sukhoy Log (Russian: Сухой Лог) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Sukhoy Log, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a town in Sukholozhsky District of Sverdlovsk Oblast

Rural localities

Sukhoy Log, Belgorod Oblast, a khutor in Dmitriyevsky Rural Okrug of Rakityansky District of Belgorod Oblast

Sukhoy Log, Kishertsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Kishertsky District, Perm Krai

Sukhoy Log, Okhansky District, Perm Krai, a village in Okhansky District, Perm Krai

Sukhoy Log, Rostov Oblast, a khutor in Kazanskolopatinskoye Rural Settlement of Verkhnedonskoy District of Rostov Oblast

Sukhoy Log, Stavropol Krai, a settlement in Kirovsky Selsoviet of Trunovsky District of Stavropol Krai

Sukhoy Log, Tomsk Oblast, a selo in Chainsky District of Tomsk Oblast

Sukhoi Log mine - a major gold deposit in Irkutsk Oblast

Trunovsky District
Trunovsky District (Russian: Труно́вский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Stavropol Krai, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Trunovsky Municipal District. It is located in the northwest of the krai. The area of the district is 1,686 square kilometers (651 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Donskoye. Population: 34,558 (2010 Census); 35,403 (2002 Census); 32,093 (1989 Census). The population of Donskoye accounts for 43.2% of the district's total population.