hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henry Wilson (British Army officer, born 1859)
Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Fuller Maitland Wilson KCB KCMG (18 February 1859 – 16 November 1941) was a British Army officer who, throughout his long military career which spanned over four decades, served in the Second Anglo-Afghan War, the Second Boer War and the First World War, during which he served with distinction, commanding a brigade and a division on the Western Front and an army corps in the lesser-known Salonikan campaign from 1915 to 1918.

Second Battle of Ypres
The Second Battle of Ypres was fought from 22 April – 25 May 1915, during the First World War, for control of the tactically valuable high ground to the east and the south of the Flemish town of Ypres, in western Belgium. The First Battle of Ypres had been fought the previous autumn. The Second Battle of Ypres was the occasion of the first mass use by Germany of poison gas on the Western Front.
2022 Uber Cup qualification
The 2022 Uber Cup qualification process is a series of tournaments organised by the five BWF confederations to decide 14 of the 16 teams which will play in the 2022 Uber Cup, with Thailand qualifying automatically as hosts, and China qualifying automatically as trophy holder.

Thailand national badminton team
The national badminton team of Thailand (Thai: แบดมินตันทีมชาติไทย) represents Thailand in international Badminton competitions. It is managed by the Badminton Association of Thailand (BAT).

The team took a semifinalist in the 2013, 2017 and 2019 Sudirman Cup, the best finish by any team outside the biggest Badminton country, Indonesia, South Korea, China and Denmark. Also, the team took a second-place finish in 1961 Thomas Cup by men's team and the women's team also took a second-place finish in 2018 Uber Cup.
Alan Winfield
Alan Winfield CEng (born 1956) is a British engineer and educator. He is Professor of Robot Ethics at UWE Bristol, Honorary Professor at the University of York, and Associate Fellow in the Cambridge Centre for the Future of Intelligence. He chairs the advisory board of the Responsible Technology Institute, University of Oxford.

Winfield is known for research in swarm robotics, robots modelling cultural evolution, and self-modelling (including ethical) robots. He is also known for advocacy and standards development in robot and AI ethics, and for proposing that all robots should be equipped with the equivalent of a flight data recorder.

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, responsible for funding grants to undertake research and postgraduate degrees in engineering and the physical sciences, mainly to universities in the United Kingdom. EPSRC research areas include mathematics, physics, chemistry, artificial intelligence and computer science, but exclude particle physics, nuclear physics, space science and astronomy (which fall under the remit of the Science and Technology Facilities Council).
IHeartRadio Country Festival
The iHeartCountry Festival is an annual music event by iHeartRadio that celebrates country music with performances by the genre's biggest superstars at the Frank Erwin Center in Austin, Texas. The inaugural event in 2014 was not broadcast on national television, while the 2015 edition was broadcast on NBC. The 2016 and 2017 editions aired as a special on the AT&T AUDIENCE Network. The 2018 edition aired on Fox. From 2019 to 2025 it streamed exclusively on Hulu. Beginning in 2026 it will air coverage outside of primetime on TBS, TNT, and TruTV and primetime coverage will rotate between ABC, CBS, Fox, and NBC.

Frank Erwin Center
The Frank C. Erwin Jr. Center (originally Special Events Center) was a multi-purpose arena located on the campus of the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. It was also sometimes referred to as "The Drum" or "The Superdrum", owing to its round, drum-like appearance from outside (not to be confused with Big Bertha, the large bass drum used by the University of Texas marching band).

The multi-purpose facility hosted entertainment events and was the home court for the Texas Longhorns men's and women's basketball programs until 2022, when it was replaced by the Moody Center. The Erwin Center was located at the southeastern corner of the UT central campus and was bounded on the east by Interstate 35.
Karunakaran Babu
Karunakaran Babu  (born 8 May 1964), often referred to as K Babu , is an Indian judge who is presently serving as a judge of the Kerala High Court. The High Court of Kerala, headquartered at Ernakulam, Kochi, is the highest court in the Indian state of Kerala and in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep. Presently he also serves as the Administrative Judge for the Union Territory of Lakshadweep, overseeing its judicial administration. Prior to his elevation to the High Court, he served as the  District and Sessions Judge, Thiruvananthapuram.

Sessions Court
A Sessions Court or even known as the Court of Sessions Judge is a court of law which exists in several Commonwealth countries. A Court of Session is the highest criminal court in a district and the court of first instance for trying serious offences, i.e., those carrying punishment of imprisonment of more than seven years, life imprisonment, or death.
Nocturnes, Op. 15 (Chopin)
The Nocturnes, Op. 15 are a set of three nocturnes for solo piano written by Frédéric Chopin between 1830 and 1833. The work was published in January 1834, and was dedicated to Ferdinand Hiller. These nocturnes display a more personal approach to the nocturne form than that of the earlier Opus 9. The melodies and emotional depth of these nocturnes have thus been thought of as more "Chopinesque."

Ternary form
Ternary form, sometimes called song form, is a three-part musical form consisting of an opening section (A), a following section (B) and then a repetition of the first section (A). It is usually schematized as A–B–A. Prominent examples include the da capo aria "The trumpet shall sound" from Handel's  Messiah, Chopin's Prelude in D♭ Major "Raindrop", (Op. 28) and the opening chorus of Bach's St John Passion.
St James's Church, Kingston, Purbeck
The Church of St James is the parish church for the village of Kingston, located on the Isle of Purbeck in Dorset. The church is a notable example of the Gothic Revival style and is a Grade I listed building.

Bridport
Bridport is a market town and civil parish in Dorset, England, 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) inland from the English Channel near the confluence of the River Brit and its tributary the Asker. Its origins are Saxon and it has a long history as a rope-making centre. On the coast and within the town's boundary is West Bay, a small fishing harbour also known as Bridport Harbour.

The town features as Port Bredy in Thomas Hardy's Wessex novels. In the 21st century, Bridport's arts scene has expanded with an arts centre, theatre, cinema and museum.

In the 2011 census the population of Bridport's built-up area was 13,568. The town is twinned with Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue, France.
2022 Tel Aviv Open
The 2022 Tel Aviv Open (also known as the 2022 Tel Aviv Watergen Open for sponsorship purposes) was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard court. It was the first edition of the Tel Aviv Open at the ATP Tour level since 1996 (18th overall), and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2022 ATP Tour. It was played at Expo Tel Aviv in Tel Aviv, Israel, from 26 September to 2 October 2022.

The event was primarily organized due to the cancellation of tournaments in China during the 2022 season because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

ATP 250 tournaments
The ATP 250 tournaments are the lowest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the main ATP Tour, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, and ATP 500 tournaments. The winners of each tournament are awarded 250 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2026, the series included 30 tournaments after the retirement of four tournaments (Atlanta, Córdoba, Lyon and Metz), the downgrade of two in 2025 (Estoril for a year, and Newport) and the upgrade of three tournaments to the 500 level (Dallas, Doha and Munich). Draws usually consist of 28 for singles, with Brisbane International (32) and Winston-Salem Open (48) being the only exceptions. Doubles draws consist of 16 teams.

Thomas Muster holds the record for most singles titles at 26, while Mike Bryan holds the record for most doubles titles won with 46.
Cork thermal insulation
Cork thermal insulation refers to the use of cork as a material to provide thermal insulation against heat transfer. Cork is suitable as thermal insulator, as it is characterized by lightness, elasticity, impermeability, and fire resistance. In construction, cork can be applied to various elements such as floors, walls, roofs, and lofts to reduce the need for heating or cooling and to enhance energy efficiency. Studies indicate that cork's thermal insulation performance is unaffected by moisture absorption during rainy seasons, making it suitable for diverse climates. Additionally, research on cork-based composites, such as cork-gypsum structures, suggests substantial improvements in energy efficiency for buildings.

Thermal insulation
Thermal insulation is the reduction of heat transfer (i.e., the transfer of thermal energy between objects of differing temperature) between objects in thermal contact or in range of radiative influence. Thermal insulation can be achieved with specially engineered methods or processes, as well as with suitable object shapes and materials.

Heat flow is an inevitable consequence of contact between objects of different temperature. Thermal insulation provides a region of insulation in which thermal conduction is reduced, creating a thermal break or thermal barrier, or thermal radiation is reflected rather than absorbed by the lower-temperature body.

The insulating capability of a material is measured as the inverse of thermal conductivity (k). Low thermal conductivity is equivalent to high insulating capability (resistance value). In thermal engineering, other important properties of insulating materials are product density (ρ) and specific heat capacity (c).
Matsudaira Yoritake
Matsudaira Yoritake (松平 頼桓, tenure 1735–1739) was a Japanese daimyō of the Edo period, who ruled the Takamatsu Domain. Yoritake was the son of Matsudaira Yorihiro and great-grandson of Matsudaira Yorishige, lord of Takamatsu.

His descendant Yoritake Matsudaira, named after him, is a notable of Japanese Scouting and recipient of the Bronze Wolf.

Takamatsu Domain
Takamatsu Domain (高松藩, Takamatsu-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now Kagawa Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. It was centered around Takamatsu Castle, and was ruled throughout much of its history by a cadet branch of the Shinpan Matsudaira clan. Takamatsu Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 and is now part of Kagawa Prefecture.
The Warlords
The Warlords (投名狀), previously known as The Blood Brothers, is a 2007 epic historical action film directed and co-produced by Peter Chan, starring Jet Li, Andy Lau, Takeshi Kaneshiro and Xu Jinglei. A Hong Kong-Chinese co-production set in China in the 1860s during the Taiping Rebellion, the film revolves around the sworn brotherhood of three men.

The film was released on 13 December 2007 simultaneously in most of Asia, except Japan. It won a Hong Kong Film Award for Best Film and a Golden Horse Award for Best Feature Film. Li also won the Hong Kong Film Award and the Shanghai Film Critics Award for Best Actor, and became the highest paid actor in a Chinese-language movie, previously holding the record for his part in Hero (2002).

Epic film
Epic films have large scale, sweeping scope, and spectacle. The term is slightly ambiguous, sometimes designating a film genre and at other times simply big-budget films. Like epics in the classical literary sense, it is often focused on a heroic character. An epic's ambitious nature helps to set it apart from other genres such as the period piece or adventure film.

Epic historical films would usually take a historical or a mythical event and add an extravagant setting, lavish costumes, an expansive musical score, and an ensemble cast, which would make them extremely expensive to produce. The most common subjects of epic films are royalty and important figures from various periods in world history.
Siege of Athens (287 BC)
The siege of Athens lasted through 287 BC when the city was put under siege by King Demetrius I of Macedon. Athens revolted in that year against Demetrius' rule and elected Olympiodorus as strategos. Olympiodorus raised a force among the Athenian citizens, including old men and children, and attacked the Macedonian garrison that had retreated to the fort at the Mouseion Hill which he took with the loss of just 13 of his men.

On receiving news of the revolt Demetrius gathered forces from the cities he still held and put Athens under siege. The Athenians sent the philosopher Crates to negotiate with Demetrius. In the treaty signed Demetrius received some fortresses in Attica but Athens was freed from a Macedonian garrison. The Athenians resisted, but asked for help from Pyrrhus, king of Epirus. Pyrrhus arrived with his army behind Demetrius, forcing him to retreat. Following the victory, Pyrrhus was welcomed into the city and celebrated.

Philopappos Monument
The Philopappos Monument (Greek: Μνημείο Φιλοπάππου, Mnimío Philopáppou, [mniˈmio filoˈpapu]) is an ancient Roman mausoleum and monument dedicated to Gaius Julius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappos or Philopappus (Greek: Γάιος Ιούλιος Αντίοχος Επιφανής Φιλόπαππος, 65–116 AD), a prince from the Kingdom of Commagene. It is located on Mouseion Hill in Athens, Greece, southwest of the Acropolis.
William P. Alford
William P. Alford (Chinese: 安守廉; pinyin: Ān Shǒulián; born November 26, 1948) is an American legal scholar. He is the Henry L. Stimson Professor of Law and Vice Dean for the Graduate Program and International Legal Studies at Harvard Law School. He is Director of East Asian Legal Studies at Harvard Law School, and is regarded as an expert in the field of Chinese law.

He is an honorary professor of Renmin University, Zhejiang University and the China National School of Administration, and an Honorary Fellow of the American Studies Institute of the Department of Law of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. He directed the China Center for American Law Study, the first academic program in U.S. law in the PRC, was a founder in 1982 of the U.S. Committee on Legal Education Exchange with China, is the recipient of a number of awards and fellowships for his work on China, and is on a host of advisory and editorial boards.

Chinese law
Chinese law is one of the oldest legal traditions in the world. The core of modern Chinese law is based on Germanic-style civil law, socialist law, and traditional Chinese approaches. For most of the history of China, its legal system has been based on the Confucian philosophy of social control through moral education, as well as the Legalist emphasis on codified law and criminal sanction. Following the Xinhai Revolution, the Republic of China adopted a largely Western-style legal code in the civil law tradition (specifically German and Swiss based). The establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 brought with it a more Soviet-influenced system of socialist law. However, earlier traditions from Chinese history have retained their influence.
Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyūshū
Kokurakita-ku (小倉北区) is a ward of Kitakyūshū, Fukuoka, Japan. It is the north part of what used to be Kokura City before the merger of five cities to create the new city of Kitakyūshū in 1963. JR Kyūshū's Kokura Station is the main rail hub of Kitakyūshū, and the Sanyō Shinkansen stops there.
It has a population of 184,545 persons as of the 2000 national census and an area of 39.27 km2.

Wards of Japan
A ward (区, ku) is a subdivision of the cities of Japan that are large enough to have been designated by government ordinance.  Wards are used to subdivide each city designated by government ordinance ("designated city"). The 23 special wards of Tokyo Metropolis have a municipal status, and are not the same as other entities referred to as ku, although their predecessors were.

Wards are local entities directly controlled by the municipal government.  They handle administrative functions such as koseki registration, health insurance, and property taxation. Many wards have affiliated residents' organizations for a number of tasks, although these do not have any legal authority.
1810 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1810.

Residue (chemistry)
In chemistry, residue is whatever remains or acts as a contaminant after a given class of events. Residue may be the material remaining after a process of preparation, separation, or purification, such as distillation, evaporation, or filtration. It may also denote the undesired by-products of a chemical reaction.

Residues as an undesired by-product are a concern in agricultural and food industries.
Panic Button (Playhouse 90)
"Panic Button" was an American television play broadcast on November 28, 1957, as part of the second season of the CBS television series Playhouse 90. Rod Serling wrote the teleplay. Franklin Schaffner directed, Martin Manulis was the producer, and Dominick Dunne was the executive assistant. Robert Stack, Vera Miles, and Lee J. Cobb starred.

Martin Manulis
Martin Ellyot Manulis (May 30, 1915 – September 28, 2007) was an American television, film, and theatre producer. Manulis was best known for his work in the 1950s producing the CBS Television programs Suspense, Studio One Summer Theatre, Climax!, The Best of Broadway and Playhouse 90. He was the sole producer of the award-winning drama series, Playhouse 90, during its first two seasons from 1956 to 1958.

After leaving Playhouse 90, Manulis was the "head of television" for 20th Century Fox Television where he was responsible for creating and producing the series, The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis, Adventures in Paradise, and Five Fingers.  In 1962, he produced the film Days of Wine and Roses starring Jack Lemmon and Lee Remick.
Issac Ryan Brown
Issac Ryan Brown (born July 12, 2005) is an American actor, rapper and singer. He is known for his role as Booker in Disney Channel's Raven's Home, which earned him a nomination at the 48th Daytime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Principal Performance in a Children's Program, and his role as Augustus "Gus" Porter in The Owl House.

48th Daytime Emmy Awards
The 48th Daytime Emmy Awards, presented by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (NATAS), honored the best in U.S. daytime television programming in 2020. It took place on June 25, 2021, as a remotely-produced special due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Actress and television host Sheryl Underwood hosted the ceremony for the fifth consecutive time, though this was her first time hosting solo.
Ingrid Backstrom
Ingrid Backstrom (born August 21, 1978) is an internationally ranked professional skier from Seattle, Washington, United States. Backstrom graduated from Highline High School in Burien, Washington as a straight-A student, three-sport varsity athlete, and co-valedictorian. In 2000, Backstrom graduated from Whitman College in Walla Walla, Washington with a Bachelor of Arts in Geology. Her brother, Arne Backstrom, died in a skiing accident in 2010 at the age of 29.

Valedictorian
Valedictorian is an academic title for the highest-performing student of a graduating class of an academic institution in the United States and Canada.

The valedictorian is generally determined by an academic institution's grade point average (GPA) system but other methods of selection may be factored in such as volunteer work, scholastic awards, research, and extra-curricular activity.
Sclerococcum serusiauxii
Sclerococcum serusiauxii is a species of lichenicolous fungus in the family Dactylosporaceae. It was described as a new species in 1993 by Montserrat Boqueras and Paul Diederich. The type was collected in Col de la Pierre St Martin (Spanish Pyrenees  in Navarre), at an altitude of 1,550 m (5,090 ft). Here, the fungus was growing on the lichen Parmelina pastillifera, which itself was growing on Pinus uncinata. The specific epithet honours Belgian lichenologist Emmanuël Sérusiaux, who collected the type specimen in 1989. S. serusiauxii has also been recorded from Montenegro.

In addition to Parmelina pastillifer, it has also been recorded on Parmelina tiliacea. The fungus forms convex dark brown to black sporodochia that typically measure 60–180 by 60–100 μm. The mycelia of the fungus is embedded in the thallus of the host. The presence of the fungus does not cause damage to the host lichen.

Pinus mugo
Pinus mugo, known as dwarf mountain pine, mountain pine,  scrub mountain pine, Swiss mountain pine, bog pine, creeping pine, or mugo pine, is a species of conifer, native to high elevation habitats from southwestern to Central Europe and Southeast Europe.
1989 Coors 200
The 1989 Coors 200 was the eighth stock car race of the 1989 NASCAR Winston West Series season. The race was held on Saturday, August 5, 1989, at Mesa Marin Raceway, a 0.500 mile (0.805 km) oval shaped racetrack in Bakersfield, California. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. Roy Smith won the race, his second and final win of the season. Smith, restarting sixth after the final caution after barely avoided losing a lap on pit road, passed pole sitter Troy Beebe and Bill Schmitt in the final laps en route to the win. Bill Sedgwick would finish second after Schmitt's brakes began to fail. Schmitt, Beebe, and Robert Sprague rounded out the top five.

Bill Sedgwick
Bill Sedgwick (born March 19, 1955) is an American former NASCAR driver who was successful particularly prominent in the late 1980s and early 1990s. He is a two time champion of the NASCAR Winston West Series, where he won the championship in 1991 and 1992.

In 2004, Sedgwick was inducted into the West Coast Stock Car Hall of Fame.