hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Avrahami
Avrahami is a surname  derived from the given name Abraham. Notable people with this surname or patronymic include:

Gad Avrahami, Israeli composer

Tali Avrahami, Israeli filmmaker, producer, entertainer, and educator; a Chabad hasidic woman

Yossi Avrahami, a victim of 2000 Ramallah lynching

2000 Ramallah lynching
The 2000 Ramallah lynching was an attack that took place early during the Second Intifada on 12 October 2000 in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, when a Palestinian crowd of passing funeral marchers broke into a Ramallah police station and killed two Israeli military reservists and then mutilated their bodies.

The incident occurred during a funeral for a Palestinian child, Khalil Zahran, who had been killed by Israeli forces two days earlier. The two Israeli military reservists, Vadim Nurzhitz and Yossi Avrahami, had accidentally entered the Palestinian Authority-controlled city of Ramallah in the West Bank, and were taken into custody. 13 policemen were injured while trying to stop the assault.

Tensions had been escalating prior to the incident; over 100 Palestinians, two dozen of them children, had been killed by Israeli forces in the preceding two weeks; the escalating violence had been condemned five days beforehand by United Nations Security Council Resolution 1322.
Cursed (Paleface Swiss album)
Cursed is the third album by the Swiss metal band Paleface Swiss, released on 3 January 2025 through Blood Blast Distribution. It is the band's first album to feature drummer Cassiano Toma, and the band's first album to be released under the name Paleface Swiss as the band had to rename due to there being another artist under the name of Paleface.

Nuclear Blast Records
Nuclear Blast Records is a German record label with subsidiaries in Germany, the United States and Brazil. It was founded in 1987 by Markus Staiger in Donzdorf. Originally releasing hardcore punk records, the label moved on to releasing albums by thrash metal, melodic death metal, grindcore, industrial metal, power metal and black metal bands, as well as tribute albums. It also distributes and promotes post-hardcore/metalcore labels SharpTone Records. Another post-hardcore/metalcore label, Arising Empire, was in Nuclear Blast's portfolio until its acquisition by Kontor New Media in 2020.

In October 2018, French independent label Believe Digital acquired a majority stake in Nuclear Blast.
James Augustus Washington
James Augustus Washington (8 March 1831, in Goldsboro, North Carolina – 1911), was a Confederate colonel during the American Civil War. He joined the Confederate States Army in April 1861 as a sergeant in the Goldsboro Rifles, which became A company, 27th North Carolina Regiment. He became captain of H company, 2nd North Carolina Regiment 16 May 1861 and Lt. Col. in the 50th North Carolina Regiment on 15 April 1862.

Col. Washington commanded the regiment during Maj. Gen. D. H. Hill's campaign against New Bern and Washington, North Carolina in 1863. He commanded the 50th during Potter's raid in 1863. Col. Washington received a reprimand for his conduct during action around Tarboro during the raid and he resigned his commission.

Before and after the war James Washington worked as a farmer and clerk.

Washington, North Carolina
Washington is a city in and the county seat of Beaufort County, North Carolina, United States, located on the northern bank of the Pamlico River. The population was 9,875 at the 2020 census. It is commonly known as "Original Washington" or "Little Washington" to distinguish it from Washington, D.C.  The closest major city is Greenville, approximately 20 miles (32 km) to the west.

Established in 1776 on land donated by Col. James Bonner, Washington is the first city named after George Washington, the first president of the United States.
Una Taufa
Una Taufa is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s. Una Taufa was a Tonga international and played at the 1995 Rugby League World Cup. During this competition, he was a member of the Canberra Raiders side.

Tonga national rugby league team
The Tonga national rugby league team (Tongan: timi līki ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in rugby league football. They are currently the 4th ranked team in the world. The team was formed to compete in the 1986 Pacific Cup, and have competed at six Rugby League World Cups, starting in 1995 and continuing consecutively until the most recent tournament. Their best result was at the 2017 Rugby League World Cup, where they were semi-finalists.

Formerly administered by the Tonga National Rugby League, the team is now in a state of limbo with administration. They wear a predominantly red uniform with white sides and are associated with the phrase Mate Ma'a Tonga (English: Die for Tonga). They are coached by Australian Kristian Woolf, and captained by Addin Fonua-Blake.
Horea Crishan
Horea Crishan (born 1945, Sibiu (former Austro-Hungarian city of Hermannstadt), Romania) fled his homeland in 1971 for Hamburg, Germany, where he became a violinist for the NDR Symphony Orchestra in Hamburg as well as a pan flautist. In 1979, together with organist Marcel Cellier, Crishan released his first pan flute album. It was followed by four more albums until he moved to the Polydor Records label with the release of two albums, The Magic Of The Pan Flute volume 1 in 1983, and The Magic Of The Pan Flute volume 2 in 1984. Notable singles released included a collaboration with James Last on "Paradiesvogel" / "Empty Glasses", and the British singer-songwriter Lynsey de Paul on "Air On A Heart String" / "Arrival of the Queen", with de Paul as the record producer.

His most recent release as a pan flautist was Pan's Concerto, which was released on the WEA label in 1991.

NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchestra
The NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchestra (German: NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchester) is a German radio orchestra. Affiliated with the Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR; North German Broadcasting), the orchestra is based at the Elbphilharmonie in Hamburg, Germany.  Earlier the ensemble was called the NDR Symphony Orchestra (Sinfonieorchester des Norddeutschen Rundfunks), and was also known in English as the North German Radio Symphony Orchestra.
Shawn Hamerlinck
Shawn Hamerlinck (born 1980) served one term in the Iowa State Senate, representing the 42nd District. He lost re-election in 2012. Hamerlinck was named in a sexual harassment lawsuit, which claimed that Hamerlinck often commented about women's breasts

He sits on these committees: Economic Growth, Education, Local Government, Rebuild Iowa (Ranking Member), Ways and Means, Appropriations Subcommittee on Transportation, Infrastructure, and Capitals, and the Appropriations Subcommittee.

In 2005, and again in 2007, he was elected an alderman for Davenport's second ward.

He is an adjunct faculty member at Black Hawk College and Augustana College.

U.S. Senator Charles Grassley's Hawkeye PAC (a leadership PAC) donated $3000 to Hamerlinck's campaign on October 18, 2008.

Hamerlinck endorsed Tim Pawlenty in the Iowa caucus phase of the Republican Party presidential primaries, 2012.

Augustana College (Illinois)
Augustana College is a private Lutheran liberal arts college in Rock Island, Illinois, United States. The college enrolls approximately 2,500 students. Its campus is adjacent to the Mississippi River and covers 115 acres (46.5 ha) of hilly, wooded land.
Waqutuyuq
Waqutuyuq (Quechua waqutu a variety of potatoes, -yuq a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with the waqutu", also spelled Huajotuyo) is a mountain in the Chunta mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 metres (15,748 ft) high. It is located in the Huancavelica Region, Huancavelica Province, Huancavelica District, north of Antarasu. Waqutuyuq lies at a valley named Qarwa Q'asa ("yellowish valley", also spelled Carhuajasa). The waters of its intermittent stream flow to Kachimayu in the north.

Department of Huancavelica
Huancavelica (Spanish pronunciation: [waŋkaβeˈlika] ⓘ; Quechua: Wankawillka) is a department of Peru. It is bordered by the departments of Lima and Ica in the west, Junín in the north, and Ayacucho in the east. It has an area of 22,131.47 km2 (8,545.01 sq mi) and a population of 347,639 (2017 census). It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Huancavelica.
Golden Gate University School of Law
Golden Gate University School of Law (informally referred to as GGU School of Law, GGU Law and Golden Gate Law) is the law school of Golden Gate University. Located in downtown San Francisco, California, Golden Gate Law is part of a California non-profit corporation and was fully accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA). On November 30, 2023, the law school announced that it would discontinue its J.D. program at the end of the academic year, following years of financial hardship and non-compliance with the ABA's two-year bar pass rate requirement. To allow students enrolled in 2023 to complete their studies, the school's ABA accreditation was extended to July 1, 2027, but not thereafter.

Law school
A law school (also known as a law centre/center, college of law, or faculty of law) is an institution, professional school, or department of a college or university specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a judge, lawyer, or other legal professional within a given jurisdiction. Depending on the country, legal system, or desired qualifications, the coursework is undertaken at undergraduate, graduate, or both levels.
William Muir Edwards
William Muir Edwards (14 November 1879 – 14 November 1918) was the first professor of Mathematics and Civil Engineering at the University of Alberta. His mother, Henrietta Edwards, was a notable women's rights activist, author, artist, and member of The Famous Five. He died 14 November 1918 during the Spanish flu pandemic after contracting influenza while caring for ill students at Pembina Hall at the University of Alberta.

Henrietta Edwards
Henrietta Muir Edwards (18 December 1849 – 10 November 1931) was a Canadian women's rights activist, author and reformer.
She was the eldest of "The Famous Five", along with Emily Murphy, Nellie McClung, Louise McKinney and Irene Parlby, who fought to have women recognized as "persons" under the law, and for the woman's right to vote in elections.

She was born Henrietta Louise Muir in Montreal. She grew up in an upper-middle-class family that valued culture and religion. Edwards became active in many religious organisations, where she grew disenchanted with old traditions where the exclusion of women was acceptable.
Silvio Spaventa
Silvio Spaventa (12 May 1822 – 20 June 1893) was an Italian journalist, politician and statesman who played a leading role in the unification of Italy, and subsequently held important positions within the newly formed Italian state.

Chieti
Chieti (Italian: [ˈkjɛːti], locally [ˈkjeːti] ⓘ; Neapolitan: Chiete, Abruzzese: Chjïétë, Chjìtë; Latin: Teate) is a city and comune (municipality) in Southern Italy, 200 kilometres (124 miles) east of Rome. It is the capital of the province of Chieti, in the Abruzzo region.

In Italian, the adjectival form is teatino and inhabitants of Chieti are called "teatini". The English form of this name is preserved in that of the Theatines, a Catholic religious order.
Lewis M. Allen
Lewis Maitland Allen (June 27, 1922 Berryville, Virginia – December 8, 2003 New York City) was an American film producer and Tony Award winning Broadway producer.  He was married to screenwriter Jay Presson Allen. Allen was nominated for seven Tony Awards and won three, for Annie (1977), I'm Not Rappaport (1986) and Master Class (1996).

On Broadway, he was renowned for producing Annie and Master Class and in film he produced versions of The Connection (1961), and Fahrenheit 451 (1966), Swimming to Cambodia (1987), plus both English language versions of Lord of the Flies released in 1963 and 1990.

Lord of the Flies (1963 film)
Lord of the Flies is a 1963 British survival drama film written for the screen and directed by Peter Brook, based on the 1954 novel by William Golding. It follows 30 schoolboys who are marooned on an island where the behaviour of the majority degenerates into savagery.

The film was in production for much of 1961, though the film did not premiere until 1963, and was not released in the United Kingdom until 1964. Golding himself supported the film. When Kenneth Tynan was a script editor for Ealing Studios he commissioned a script of Lord of the Flies from Nigel Kneale, but Ealing Studios closed in 1959 before it could be produced.

The film premiered at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival, where it was nominated for the Palme d'Or. It was released in the UK by British Lion Films on July 23, 1964, and received positive reviews from critics. It was the first film adaptation of the novel, followed by a 1975 Filipino film and a 1990 American film.
Tōdaiji Fujumonkō
Tōdaiji Fujumonkō (東大寺諷誦文稿; "Tōdai Temple Buddhist Prays Manuscript") is an early ninth century Buddhist text. It is best known as a valuable resource for Japanese historical linguistics as well as Buddhist history.

Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics, also known as diachronic linguistics, is the scientific study of how languages change over time. It seeks to understand the nature and causes of linguistic change and to trace the evolution of languages. Historical linguistics involves several key areas of study, including the reconstruction of ancestral languages, the classification of languages into families, (comparative linguistics) and the analysis of the cultural and social influences on language development.

This field is grounded in the uniformitarian principle, which posits that the processes of language change observed today were also at work in the past, unless there is clear evidence to suggest otherwise. Historical linguists aim to describe and explain changes in individual languages, explore the history of speech communities, and study the origins and meanings of words (etymology).
SS Storaa
Storaa was a 1,980 GRT cargo ship which was built in 1918 by the Greenock & Grangemouth Dockyard Company as Wellpark for British owners. In 1927, she was sold to Belgium and was renamed Navex. A further sale in 1937 saw her renamed Prina. In 1938, she was sold to the Netherlands and was renamed Willy. In 1939, she was sold to Denmark and was renamed Storaa.

She was detained at Casablanca, Morocco, in 1940 and subsequently taken over by the Vichy Government and renamed Saint Edmond. In November 1942, she was scuttled at Port Lyautey. Saint Edmond was raised in January 1943, and passed to the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT), regaining her previous name Storaa. On 3 November 1943, Storaa was torpedoed and sunk by German Fast attack S 138 off Hastings whilst a member of Convoy CW 221.

Official number
Official numbers are ship identifier numbers assigned to merchant ships by their country of registration. Each country developed its own official numbering system, some on a national and some on a port-by-port basis, and the formats have sometimes changed over time. As an internationally recognized ship identifier, national official numbers have largely been superseded by the IMO number, though flag states still use national systems, which also cover those vessels not subject to the IMO regulations.
István Somló
István Somló (1902–1971) was a Hungarian stage and film actor. In 1947 he was appointed as a co-manager of the Comedy Theatre of Budapest along with Klári Tolnay. Of Jewish heritage, he was unable to work during the Second World War due to the Anti-Jewish laws.

Anti-Jewish laws
Anti-Jewish laws have been a common occurrence throughout the history of antisemitism and Jewish history. Examples of such laws include special Jewish quotas, Jewish taxes and Jewish "disabilities".

During the 1930s and early 1940s, some laws were adopted in Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. During World War II, they were exported to European Axis powers and puppet states. Such legislation generally defined Jews, deprived them of a variety of civil, political, and economic rights, and laid the groundwork for expropriation, deportation, and ultimately, they laid the groundwork for the Holocaust.
Robert Harris (English actor)
Robert Harris (28 March 1900 – 18 May 1995) was a British actor. He graduated from Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in 1925, and his stage work included seasons at Stratford, the Old Vic, and on Broadway as Marchbanks in Bernard Shaw's Candida in 1937, opposite Katharine Cornell; He also appeared in more than sixty films from 1930 to 1982.

He was the castaway on Desert Island Discs on 10 February 1955.

Royal Shakespeare Theatre
The Royal Shakespeare Theatre (RST) (originally called the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre) is a Grade II* listed 1,040+ seat thrust stage theatre owned by the Royal Shakespeare Company dedicated to the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. It is located beside the River Avon in the town of Stratford-upon-Avon – Shakespeare's birthplace – in the English Midlands. The building incorporates the smaller Swan Theatre. The Royal Shakespeare and Swan Theatres re-opened in November 2010 after undergoing a major renovation known as the Transformation Project.
Rod Ansell
Rodney William Ansell (1 October 1954 – 3 August 1999) was an Australian cattle grazier and a buffalo hunter. Described to be from "the bush", Ansell became famous in 1977 after he was stranded in extremely remote country in the Northern Territory, and the story of his survival for 56 days with limited supplies became news headlines around the world. Consequently, he served as the inspiration for Paul Hogan's character in the 1986 film Crocodile Dundee. In 1999, he was killed in a shootout by policemen of the Northern Territory Police.

Shootout
A shootout, also called a firefight, gunfight, or gun battle, is a confrontation in which parties armed with firearms exchange gunfire. The term can be used to describe any such fight, though it is typically used in a non-military context or to describe combat situations primarily using firearms (generally excluding crew-served weapons, combat vehicles, armed aircraft, or explosives).

Shootouts often pit law enforcement against criminals, though they can also involve parties outside of law enforcement, such as rival gangs, militias, or individuals. Military combat situations are rarely titled "shootouts", and are almost always considered battles, engagements, skirmishes, exchanges, or firefights.

Shootouts are often depicted in action films, Westerns, and video games.
Winston Science Fiction
Winston Science Fiction was a series of 37 American juvenile science fiction books published by the John C. Winston Company of Philadelphia from 1952 to 1960 and by its successor Holt, Rinehart & Winston in 1960 and 1961. It included 35 novels by various writers, including many who became famous in the SF field, such as Poul Anderson, Arthur C. Clarke, Ben Bova, and Lester del Rey. There was also one anthology, The Year After Tomorrow, edited by del Rey and others. There was one non-fiction book Rockets Through Space: The Story of Man's Preparations to Explore the Universe by del Rey which details the factual science and technology of rocket flight. Many of the dust jackets became science fiction classics; the artists included Hugo Award winners Ed Emshwiller and Virgil Finlay along with Hugo nominees such as Mel Hunter and Alex Schomburg.

Ben Bova
Benjamin William Bova (November 8, 1932 – November 29, 2020) was an American writer and editor. During a writing career of 60 years, he was the author of more than 120 works of science fact and fiction, an editor of Analog Science Fiction and Fact, for which he won a Hugo Award six times, and an editorial director of Omni; he was also president of both the National Space Society and the Science Fiction Writers of America.
House of Bourbon-Anjou
The House of Bourbon-Anjou, generally known as the House of Bourbon (Spanish: Casa de Borbón), is the reigning house of the Kingdom of Spain. It is the Spanish branch of the French-Navarrese House of Bourbon. The house was founded on 16 November 1700, when Felipe (Philippe), Duke of Anjou, great-nephew of Carlos II, formally accepted the Crown.

This royal family has reigned in Spain from 1700 to the present, with interruptions during the French invasion (1808–1813), Sexenio Democrático (1868–1874), Second Republic (1931–1939) and dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1939–1975). There have been eleven Spanish monarchs of the House of Bourbon-Anjou; the first was Felipe V and the current one, Felipe VI.

Charles II of Spain
Charles II (6 November 1661 – 1 November 1700) was the king of Spain from 1665 to 1700. The last monarch from the House of Habsburg that had ruled Spain since 1516, his death without children resulted in the 1701 to 1714 War of the Spanish Succession.

For reasons still debated, Charles experienced lengthy periods of ill health throughout his life. This made the question of who would succeed him central to European diplomacy for much of his reign, with one historian writing that "from the day of his birth, they were waiting for his death".

The two candidates for the succession were Charles of Austria, from the House of Habsburg, and Philip of Anjou, the 16-year-old grandson of Louis XIV of France, from the House of Bourbon. Shortly before dying in November 1700, Charles made the latter his heir, but the acquisition of an undivided Spanish Empire by either threatened the European balance of power and resulted in war.
Joan Baldoví
Joan Baldoví i Roda (Valencian: [dʒuˈam baldoˈviː ˈrɔða], also [ˈrɔðɔ]) born 7 August 1958 in Sueca, Valencia) is a Spanish politician, who has represented Valencia Province in the Congress of Deputies since 2011.

Baldoví served as a local councillor for his hometown of Sueca for 14 years. He served as Mayor for the 2007 to 2011 term. He resigned from the council in January 2014, citing the difficulty of serving as a local and national politician simultaneously.

During his time in Congress, Baldoví attracted attention after removing his shirt and tie to reveal a t-shirt protesting against bankers. He called for reforms to the electoral system, a Freedom of information act and conducted experiments in direct democracy.

Valencia (Congress of Deputies constituency)
Valencia (Valencian: València) is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency currently elects 16 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Valencia. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.
Zhu Huiling
Zhu Huiling (Chinese: 朱慧玲; pinyin: Zhū Huìlíng; born 1982 in Shanghai) is a Chinese mezzo-soprano opera singer. She won 2nd prize at the 2005 Klaudia Taev Competition in Estonia. She has appeared as Maddalena in Rigoletto in Shanghai, as Carmen in Estonia, and in a ballet to Grieg's Peer Gynt for Ballett Zürich which was released on DVD. Zhu has also performed jazz. She appeared in Aaron Zigman's Emigré as Li Song.

Aaron Zigman
Aaron Zigman (born January 6, 1963) is a classically trained American composer, producer, arranger, songwriter, and musician who has scored music for films including The Notebook, The Company Men, Bridge to Terabithia, John Q., The Proposal, Flicka, For Colored Girls, Flash of Genius, Sex & the City, Alpha Dog, and Escape from Planet Earth. He has also written, arranged and produced over 50 hit albums, and co-written songs with legendary and contemporary artists including Quincy Jones, Christina Aguilera, Phil Collins, Was (Not Was), John Legend, Dionne Warwick, Ray Charles, Natalie Cole, Aretha Franklin, Tina Turner, and Seal.