hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Operation Walnut
Operation Walnut was a military operation conducted by the Allies, notably the Netherlands East Indies Forces Intelligence Service, on the Aroe Islands during World War II. It took place in three phases:

Walnut I - a party of two landed in July 1942 and returned in September

Walnut II - party of two landed in February 1943 and captured August, presumed killed

Walnut III - On 12 July 1943 a reconnaissance patrol consisting of ten, WALNUT III was inserted on Djieo, a small island north of Enoe Island, using Hoehn military folboats. Their fate is unknown, presumed killed.

Folding kayak
A folding kayak is a direct descendant of the original Inuit kayak made of animal skins stretched over frames made from wood and bones.  A modern folder has a collapsible frame made of some combination of wood, aluminium and plastic, and a skin made of a tough fabric with a waterproof coating. Many have integral air chambers inside the hull, making them virtually unsinkable.
Siege of Kagoshima
31°35′48″N 130°33′26″E﻿ / ﻿31.59667°N 130.55722°E﻿ / 31.59667; 130.55722

The 1587 siege of Kagoshima took place during Japan's Sengoku period, and was the last stand of the Shimazu family against the forces of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. This was the final battle in Hideyoshi's campaign to take Kyūshū.

Following the Shimazu defeat at Sendaigawa, the Shimazu then retreated to their home castle of Kagoshima. Hideyoshi's forces numbering roughly 60,000, then made a landing, having set off from Akune. Under the leadership of Hashiba Hidenaga, Fukushima Masanori, Katō Kiyomasa, and Kuroda Yoshitaka, they then surrounded the city. The land-based divisions, which were not on the boats from Akune, had traversed the volcanic valleys defending the city with the help of local monks.  In the end, however, negotiation precluded any fighting.

Shimazu clan
The Shimazu clan (島津氏, Shimazu-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ɕiꜜ.ma.(d)zɯ, ɕi.ma.(d)zɯꜜ.ɕi]) were the daimyō of the Satsuma han, which spread over Satsuma, Ōsumi and Hyūga provinces in Japan.

The Shimazu were identified as one of the tozama or outsider daimyō families in contrast with the fudai or insider clans which were hereditary vassals or allies of the Tokugawa clan.
Glycogen storage disease type V
Glycogen storage disease type V (GSD5, GSD-V), also known as McArdle's disease, is a metabolic disorder, one of the metabolic myopathies, more specifically a muscle glycogen storage disease, caused by a deficiency of myophosphorylase. Its incidence is reported as one in 100,000, roughly the same as glycogen storage disease type I.

The disease was first reported in 1951 by British physician Brian McArdle of Guy's Hospital, London.

Guy's Hospital
Guy's Hospital is an NHS hospital founded by philanthropist Thomas Guy in 1721, located in the borough of Southwark in central London. It is part of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and one of the institutions that comprise the King's Health Partners, an academic health science centre. It is the large teaching hospital of GKT School of Medical Education.

The hospital's Tower Wing (originally known as Guy's Tower) was, when built in 1974, the tallest hospital building in the world, standing at 148.65 metres (487.7 ft) with 34 floors. The tower was overtaken as the world's tallest healthcare-related building by The Belaire in New York City in 1988. As of June 2019, the Tower Wing, which remains one of the tallest buildings in London, is the world's sixth-tallest hospital building.
Qutb ad-Din Haydar Mausoleum
The Mausoleum of Qutb ad-Din Haydar (Persian: مقبره قطب الدین حیدر) is a Timurid-Safavid Mausoleum and mosque belonging to the 13th century Sufi saint Qutb ad-Din Haydar. It is located in Torbat-e Heydarieh, Iran, which was named in his honor.

It was listed among the national heritage sites of Iran with the number 175 on 6 January 1932.

Iran National Heritage List
Iran National Heritage List is a register of nationally significant monuments, places, buildings, events, etc., officially registered under the National Heritage Preservation Act of 1930. According to Article 1 of this law, "All the industrial monuments and buildings that were built up to the end of the Zand dynasty in the country of Iran, including movable and immovable in accordance with Article 13 of this law, can be considered as national heritage of Iran and under the protection and supervision of the state."

After 25 years, on 1 February 1956, with the registration of the Golestan Palace, the ban on the registration of works related to the Qajar era was practically lifted and subsequently the official list of these monuments was published under the current name.
Michigan's congressional districts
Michigan is divided into 13 congressional districts, each represented by a member of the United States House of Representatives.

The districts are currently represented in the 119th United States Congress by 7 Republicans and 6 Democrats.

Due to considerable demographic and population change in Michigan over the years, an individual numbered district today does not necessarily cover the same geographic area as the same numbered district before reapportionment. For example, Pete Hoekstra, Bill Huizenga and John Moolenaar have represented the 2nd district since 1993, but are considered the "successors" of Guy Vander Jagt, since the current 2nd covers most of the territory represented by Vander Jagt in the 9th district before 1993.

Michigan lost a congressional seat after the 2022 midterm elections based on information from the 2020 United States census.

Bill Huizenga
William Patrick Huizenga (/ˈhaɪzɪŋɡə/ HY-zing-gə; born January 31, 1969) is an American politician serving as a U.S. representative from Michigan since 2011, representing the state's 4th congressional district since 2023. A member of the Republican Party, Huizenga served in the Michigan House of Representatives from 2003 to 2009. His district covers much of Southwestern Michigan, including Kalamazoo, Battle Creek, and Holland. He previously represented the 2nd district from 2011 to 2023.
Gilles Tschudi
Gilles Tschudi is a Swiss actor, born in 1957. He is notable for his 2004 Swiss Film Prize for "Performance in a Supporting Role" as "Secretary Goltz" in Jagged Harmonies: Bach vs. Frederick II and for appearing in the films Grounding (2006), Cargo (2009), and Clouds of Sils Maria (2014). For television he appeared in Lüthi und Blanc (1999–2006), Das Paar im Kahn (2004), Hunkeler macht Sachen (2008), and Hunkeler und die Augen des Ödipus (2012)

Hunkeler macht Sachen
Hunkeler macht Sachen is a 2008 Swiss German language television film that was filmed and produced at locations in Switzerland and in France. It is the third film in the hexalogy starring Mathias Gnädinger as Swiss police detective Peter Hunkeler.
Takigawa incident
The Kyoto University incident (京大事件, Kyōdai Jiken), or Takigawa incident (滝川事件, Takigawa Jiken), began in October 1932 when Kyoto Imperial University Faculty of Law Professor Takigawa Yukitoki lectured on the need for the judiciary to understand the social roots of deviance when considering individuals who are before them.  The climactic moment occurred in May 1933, when Education Minister Hatoyama Ichiro announced that Dr. Takigawa's theory of criminal law advocated Marxist philosophies and suspended him from teaching.  The remaining members of the Faculty of Law resigned from their positions in protest, students boycotted classes, and communist sympathisers organised a protest movement. The Ministry of Education suppressed the movement by firing Takigawa.

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (文部科学省, Monbu-kagaku-shō; lit. 'Ministry of Letters and Science'; MEXT) is one of the eleven ministries of Japan that compose part of the executive branch of the government of Japan.
Literary nonsense
Literary nonsense (or nonsense literature) is a broad categorization of literature that balances elements that make sense with some that do not, with the effect of subverting language conventions or logical reasoning. Even though the most well-known form of literary nonsense is nonsense verse, the genre is present in many forms of literature.

The effect of nonsense is often caused by an excess of meaning, rather than a lack of it. Its humor is derived from its nonsensical nature, rather than wit or the "joke" of a punch line.

Wit
Wit is a form of intelligent humour—the ability to say or write things that are clever and typically funny. Someone witty, also known as a wit, is a person skilled at wit, making spontaneous one-line or single-phrase jokes. Forms of wit include the quip, repartee, and wisecrack.
2022 F1600 Championship Series
The 2022 F1600 Championship Series season was the eleventh season of the F1600 Championship Series. The season began on April 1 at Carolina Motorsports Park, and finished on October 17 at Pittsburgh International Race Complex.

Last year's champion, Nicholas d'Orlando of Team Pelfrey, moved up to the USF Juniors on the Road to Indy ladder. Thomas Schrage won the championship with Rice Race Prep. Schrage was chosen for the Team USA Scholarship.

Team USA Scholarship
The Team USA Scholarship is a scholarship program which allows young American racecar drivers to compete outside of the United States.  Each year, a competition is used to select the best young racecar drivers in the United States, then they are entered in highly competitive automobile racing events in an international racing environment (typically in Europe).
Durinn
In Norse mythology, Durinn (Old Norse: [ˈdurenː]; or Durin) is a dwarf according to stanza 10 of the poem Völuspá from the Poetic Edda, and repeated in Gylfaginning from the Prose Edda. He was the second created after the first and foremost dwarf Mótsognir.

He is also attested in Hervarar saga, where he forged the magic sword Tyrfing with the help of the dwarf Dvalin. In variant texts of the saga Durinn is known as Dulinn.

Poetic Edda
The Poetic Edda is the modern name for an untitled collection of Old Norse anonymous narrative poems in alliterative verse.  It is distinct from the closely related Prose Edda, although both works are seminal to the study of Old Norse poetry. Several versions of the Poetic Edda exist; especially notable is the medieval Icelandic manuscript Codex Regius, which contains 31 poems.
Bruce P. Luyendyk
Bruce Peter Luyendyk (born 1943) is an American geophysicist and oceanographer, currently professor emeritus of marine geophysics at the University of California, Santa Barbara. His work spans marine geology of the major ocean basins, the tectonics of southern California, marine hydrocarbon seeps, and the tectonics and paleoclimate of Antarctica. His research includes tectonic rotations of the California Transverse Ranges, participation in the discovery of deep-sea hydrothermal vents, quantitative studies of marine hydrocarbon seeps, and geologic exploration of the Ford Ranges in Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica.

Antarctica's Mount Luyendyk is named in honor of his research in the area.

Marine geology
Marine geology or geological oceanography is the study of the history and structure of the ocean floor. It involves geophysical, geochemical, sedimentological and paleontological investigations of the ocean floor and coastal zone. Marine geology has strong ties to geophysics and to physical oceanography.

Marine geological studies were of extreme importance in providing the critical evidence for sea floor spreading and plate tectonics in the years following World War II. The deep ocean floor is the last essentially unexplored frontier and detailed mapping in support of economic (petroleum and metal mining), natural disaster mitigation, and academic objectives.
Quan Hansheng
Quan Hansheng (simplified Chinese: 全汉升; traditional Chinese: 全漢昇; pinyin: Quán Hànshēng; Wade–Giles: Chu'an Han-Sheng, Chuan Han-Sheng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Choân Hàn-seng; September 19, 1912 – November 29, 2001) was a Chinese economic historian. Quan's research focused on Chinese monetary history, commodity prices and foreign trade. He elected an Academician of Academia Sinica in 1984, and he held professorships at National Taiwan University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong.

Academia Sinica
Academia Sinica (AS; Latin: Academia Sinica; Chinese: 中央研究院) is the national academy of the Republic of China (Taiwan). It is headquartered in Nangang, Taipei.

Founded in Nanjing in 1928, the academy supports research activities in mathematics, physical sciences, life sciences, humanities and social sciences. As an educational institute, it provides PhD training and scholarship through its English-language Taiwan International Graduate Program in biology, agriculture, chemistry, physics, informatics, and earth and environmental sciences.

The current president since 2016 is James C. Liao, an expert in metabolic engineering, systems biology and synthetic biology.
The Banks of the Loire
The Banks of the Loire is an 1829 landscape painting by the British artist J.M.W. Turner. It portrays a view on the Loire River in France. Turner had visited the region in 1826 where he produced many sketches.

The painting was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1829 at Somerset House in London. Turner had recently been travelling in Italy and concerned that the paintings he had produced in his Rome studio would not arrive in time to display, he worked up several other pictures in time for the exhibition including The Loretto Necklace.

The painting has been in the collection of the Worcester Art Museum in Worcester, Massachusetts since 1940.

Sketch (drawing)
A sketch (ultimately from Greek σχέδιος – schedios, "done extempore") is a rapidly executed freehand drawing that is not usually intended as a finished work.  A sketch may serve a number of purposes: it might record something that the artist sees, it might record or develop an idea for later use or it might be used as a quick way of graphically demonstrating an image, idea or principle. Sketching is the most inexpensive art medium.

Sketches can be made in any drawing medium. The term is most often applied to graphic work executed in a dry medium such as silverpoint, graphite, pencil, charcoal or pastel. It may also apply to drawings executed in pen and ink, digital input such as a digital pen, ballpoint pen, marker pen, water colour and oil paint. The latter two are generally referred to as "water colour sketches" and "oil sketches".  A sculptor might model three-dimensional sketches in clay, plasticine or wax.
German submarine U-280
German submarine U-280 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The submarine was laid down on 30 April 1942 at the Bremer Vulkan yard at Bremen-Vegesack, launched on 4 January 1943, and commissioned on 13 February 1943 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Walter Hungershausen.

Oberleutnant zur See
Oberleutnant zur See (OLt zS or OLZS in the German Navy, Oblt.z.S. in the Kriegsmarine) is traditionally the highest rank of Lieutenant in the German Navy. It is grouped as OF-1 in NATO.

The rank was introduced in the Imperial German Navy by renaming the former rank of Premier Lieutenant in 1890. Within the navy, officers of this rank were simply addressed as Herr Oberleutnant. To distinguish naval officers from those of the army, the suffix zur See (at sea) was added in official communications, sometimes shortened to z.S. (Oblt.z.S.). The rank has since been used by the Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine, and Bundesmarine.  In the Volksmarine, the rank was originally used in the same way until the suffix zur See was dropped. In the Kriegsmarine, engineers (Ingenieur – Ing.) of the same rank were distinguished as Oberleutnant (Ing.).
Shtepa
Shtepa (Russian and Ukrainian: Штепа), also spelled as Shteppa, is a gender-neutral Slavic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Shtepa (born 1979), Russian decathlete

Konstantin Shteppa (1896-1958), Soviet, German and American historian of Ukrainian descent

Nelya Shtepa (born 1962), Ukrainian politician

Vadim Shtepa (born 1970), Russian philosopher, publicist, and analyst of Russian regions

Aleksandr Shtepa
Aleksandr Shtepa (Russian: Александр Штепа; born April 15, 1979) is a retired male decathlete from Russia. He set his personal best score (8007 points) at a meet in Krasnodar on May 24, 2002. Shtepa also competed in discus throw.
Β-Neoendorphin
β-Neoendorphin is an endogenous opioid peptide with a nonapeptide structure and the amino acid sequence Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Lys-Tyr-Pro (YGGFLRKYP).

β-Neoendorphins (β-NEP) have the capability to stimulate wound healing by accelerating keratinocyte migration. This is achieved by β-NEP's activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK 1 and ERK 2); along with the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9). Wound healing by β-NEP results in migration without consequences on proliferation in human keratinocytes.

Keratinocyte
Keratinocytes are the primary type of cell found in the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin.  In humans, they constitute 90% of epidermal skin cells. Basal cells in the basal layer (stratum basale) of the skin are sometimes referred to as basal keratinocytes.

Keratinocytes form a barrier against environmental damage by heat, UV radiation, water loss, pathogenic bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. A number of structural proteins, enzymes, lipids, and antimicrobial peptides contribute to maintain the important barrier function of the skin. Keratinocytes differentiate from epidermal stem cells in the lower part of the epidermis and migrate towards the surface, finally becoming corneocytes and eventually being shed, which happens every 40 to 56 days in humans.
Reinhard Teufel
Reinhard Johannes Teufel (born 20 May 1979) is an Austrian politician of the Freedom Party serving as a member of the Landtag of Lower Austria since 2018. Since 2023, he has served as group leader of the Freedom Party in the Landtag.

Teufel worked for the Austrian Research Centers until 2007, when he became an advisor to the Freedom Party's parliamentary group in the National Council. He was elected municipal councillor of Gaming in 2010, and was appointed chief of staff to party leader Heinz-Christian Strache in 2011. He was appointed chief of staff to interior minister Herbert Kickl in 2017, and was elected member of the Landtag of Lower Austria in the 2018 state election. In 2023, he was a participant in the Dialog im Kamptal.

National Council (Austria)
The National Council (Austrian German: Nationalrat, pronounced [nat͡si̯oˈnaːlˌʁaːt] ⓘ) is one of the two houses of the Austrian Parliament and is frequently referred to as the lower house. The constitution endows the National Council with far more power than the Federal Council.
Advanced Technology Development Facility
Advanced Technology Development Facility is a research and development foundry for the semiconductor industry.  It began operations as a research plant for SEMATECH in 1988, but was reorganized as a for-profit subsidiary in July 2004.

Foundry
A foundry is a factory that produces metal castings. Metals are cast into shapes by melting them into a liquid, pouring the metal into a mold, and removing the mold material after the metal has solidified as it cools. The most common metals processed are aluminium and cast iron. However, other metals, such as bronze, brass, steel, magnesium, and zinc, are also used to produce castings in foundries. In this process, parts of desired shapes and sizes can be formed.

Foundries are one of the largest contributors to the manufacturing recycling movement, melting and recasting millions of tons of scrap metal every year to create new durable goods. Moreover, many foundries use sand in their molding process. These foundries often use, recondition, and reuse sand, which is another form of recycling.
Eonema
Eonema is a fungal genus in the family Hygrophoraceae. It is monotypic, consisting of the single corticioid species Eonema pyriforme. This fungus was previously classified in the genus Athelia until molecular analysis demonstrated that it was unrelated to the Atheliales and instead nested within the Hygrophoraceae.

Corticioid fungi
The corticioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having effused, smooth basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are formed on the undersides of dead tree trunks or branches. They are sometimes colloquially called crust fungi or patch fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus Corticium ("corticioid" means Corticium-like) and subsequently to the family Corticiaceae, but it is now known that all corticioid species are not necessarily closely related. The fact that they look similar is an example of convergent evolution. Since they are often studied as a group, it is convenient to retain the informal (non-taxonomic) name of "corticioid fungi" and this term is frequently used in research papers and other texts.
7-Man Army
7-Man Army is a 1976 Hong Kong historical war action film directed by Chang Cheh and starring Ti Lung, David Chiang, Alexander Fu and Chen Kuan-Tai. It was written by Ni Kuang and Chang Cheh. Chan San-Yat and Hsieh Hsing were the action directors. The film is a dramatised account of the Defense of the Great Wall. It was filmed in Taiwan.

Ni Kuang
Ni Kuang (Chinese: 倪匡; born Ni Cong [simplified Chinese: 倪聪; traditional Chinese: 倪聰]; 30 May 1935 – 3 July 2022), courtesy name Yiming, was a Hong Kong novelist and screenwriter. He was known as a highly-prolific author of wuxia and science fiction stories, reportedly penning over 300 Chinese-language novels, and more than 400 film scripts. He was considered one of the three major figures of the wuxia genre, alongside Jin Yong and Gu Long, and has been described as "a giant of Chinese literature."
2020 NHK Trophy
The 2020 NHK Trophy was the sixth event in the 2020–21 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating, a senior-level international invitational competition series. It was held at Osaka Prefectural Kadoma Sports Center (Towa Pharmaceutical Ractab Dome) in Osaka, Japan on November 27–29. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, and ice dance.

Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, a large number of modifications were made to the Grand Prix structure. The competitors consisted only of skaters from the home country, skaters already training in the host nation, and skaters assigned to that event for geographic reasons. As a result, there were no entrants for the pair skating segment of the competition.

Towa Pharmaceutical Ractab Dome
Towa Pharmaceutical Ractab Dome (東和薬品RACTABドーム, Tōwa Yakuhin Ractab Dōmu) is an indoor sporting arena located in Kadoma city in the Osaka Prefecture of Japan.

Construction was completed in early 1996. The primary architect was Mamoru Kawaguchi, founder of the firm Kawaguchi & Engineers.
The dome is composed largely of reinforced concrete and aluminum frames and covers an area of approximately 25,000 m2. Inside is a main competition arena plus a separate swimming pool, training room, multipurpose hall, conference rooms and Restaurant Namihaya. The main arena has 6,000 fixed seats with a possible capacity for 10,000 people. There is a large screen display and a large electrical score screen.