hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patrick Surtain II
Patrick Frank Surtain II (/sərˈtæn/ sər-TAN; born April 14, 2000) is an American professional football cornerback for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Alabama Crimson Tide, with whom he won the 2020 National Championship, and was selected ninth overall by the Broncos in the 2021 NFL draft. Surtain has made four consecutive Pro Bowls and was named the Defensive Player of the Year in 2024. He is the son of former Pro Bowl cornerback Patrick Surtain.

Pro Football Focus
Pro Football Focus (also written as ProFootballFocus, and often referred to by its initials, PFF) is a sports analytics company that focuses on thorough analysis of the National Football League (NFL) and NCAA Division-I football in the United States. PFF produces 0–100 Player Grades and a range of advanced statistics for teams and players by watching, charting, and grading every player on every play in every game both at the NFL and FBS level.

The company publishes their data as a collection of various mostly web-based products. Some basic information is made freely available, while other more advanced products are on a fee or subscription basis.
USS Whitney
USS Whitney (AD-4) was a Dobbin-class destroyer tender named for United States Secretary of the Navy William Collins Whitney. She was launched on 12 October 1923, and was commissioned on 2 September 1924.

She was on station in Pearl Harbor at the time of the Japanese attack.  Whitney was undamaged during the attack. She was decommissioned on 22 October 1946, later being sold for scrap to the Dulien Ship Products on 18 March 1948.

Destroyer tender
A destroyer tender or destroyer depot ship is a type of depot ship: an auxiliary ship designed to provide maintenance support to a flotilla of destroyers or other small warships. The use of this class has faded from its peak in the first half of the 20th century as the roles and weaponry of small combatants have evolved (in conjunction with technological advances in propulsion reliability and efficiency).
Shah Spit
Shah Spit is a spit located in the far south-eastern part of the Absheron Peninsula. It is the largest spit in Azerbaijan. Shah Spit is the easternmost point of the Azerbaijan mainland. Administratively, Baku is located in the territory of Zira settlement.

Points of the compass
The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each separated by 90 degrees, and secondarily divided by four ordinal (intercardinal) directions—northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest—each located halfway between two cardinal directions. Some disciplines such as meteorology and navigation further divide the compass with additional azimuths. Within European tradition, a fully defined compass has 32 "points" (and any finer subdivisions are described in fractions of points).

Compass points or compass directions are valuable in that they allow a user to refer to a specific azimuth in a colloquial fashion, without having to compute or remember degrees.
Charity Daw
Charity Daw is a Cuban-American singer and songwriter based in Los Angeles. She has written RIAA certified songs for Disney's chart-topping Descendants (franchise) that includes a No. 1 on Billboard 200, as well as Dove Cameron, Jordin Sparks, Ally Brooke (Fifth Harmony), LOL Surprise, Mattel's American Girl, Jordan Fisher, Bella Thorne, We the Kings, Porsha Williams & Melissa Gorga of The Real Housewives franchise, and Andrew Dice Clay's Showtime series DICE.

Songs she has written have been performed on Grand Ole Opry, Dancing with the Stars, Dancing with the Stars: Juniors, Good Morning America, The Today Show and the 2018 Radio Disney Music Awards.

As a performer, she has appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live!, NBC's Christmas in Rockefeller Center, Good Day L.A., and Hallmark's Home & Family.  Charity also contributed the song "La Rubia" to the Ubisoft video game, Far Cry 6 Soundtrack.

Ally Brooke
Allyson Brooke Bracey (née Hernandez; born July 7, 1993) is an American singer. She was a member of the girl group Fifth Harmony from 2012 to 2018. In 2017, Brooke was featured alongside rapper ASAP Ferg on the single "Look at Us Now" by Lost Kings. Afterwards, she released "Perfect" with DJ Topic. Following Fifth Harmony's indefinite hiatus, Brooke signed a record deal with Atlantic, and collaborated on the single "Vámonos", with Kris Kross Amsterdam and Messiah.

Her major label debut single "Low Key" featuring Tyga, was released in January 2019. Brooke competed in season 28 of Dancing with the Stars, placing third alongside her partner Sasha Farber. Her book Finding Your Harmony was released in 2020.
Collingridge dilemma
The Collingridge dilemma is a methodological quandary in which efforts to influence or control the further development of technology face a double-bind problem:

An information problem: impacts cannot be easily predicted until the technology is extensively developed and widely used.

A power problem: control or change is difficult when the technology has become entrenched.

The idea was coined by David Collingridge at the University of Aston Technology Policy Unit in his 1980 book The Social Control of Technology. The dilemma is a basic point of reference in technology assessment debates.

Power (social and political)
In political science, power is the ability to influence or direct the actions, beliefs, or conduct of actors. Power does not exclusively refer to the threat or use of force (coercion) by one actor against another, but may also be exerted through diffuse means (such as institutions).

Power may also take structural forms, as it orders actors in relation to one another (such as distinguishing between a master and an enslaved person, a householder and their relatives, an employer and their employees, a parent and a child, a political representative and their voters, etc.), and discursive forms, as categories and language may lend legitimacy to some behaviors and groups over others. The term authority is often used for power that is perceived as legitimate or socially approved by the social structure. Scholars have distinguished between soft power and hard power.
Legion National Youth Track and Field Championships
The Legion National Youth Track and Field Championships is an annual track and field competition organized by the Royal Canadian Legion and sanctioned by Athletics Canada. It serves as the Canadian youth national championships for the sport.

Royal Canadian Legion
The Royal Canadian Legion (French: Légion royale canadienne) is a non-profit Canadian veterans' organization founded in 1925. Members include people who served in the military, Royal Canadian Mounted Police, provincial or municipal police, Royal Canadian Air, Army and Sea Cadets, direct relatives of service members, and members of the general public.
Brzezinki, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Brzezinki [bʐɛˈʑinki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wałcz, within Wałcz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-west of Wałcz and 124 km (77 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 110.

Wałcz County
Wałcz County (Polish: powiat wałecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Wałcz, which lies 127 kilometres (79 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains three other towns: Mirosławiec, 27 km (17 mi) west of Wałcz, Człopa, 31 km (19 mi) south-west of Wałcz, and Tuczno, 25 km (16 mi) south-west of Wałcz.

The county covers an area of 1,414.79 square kilometres (546.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 54,639, out of which the population of Wałcz is 26,140, that of Mirosławiec is 2,633, that of Człopa is 2,390, that of Tuczno is 1,965, and the rural population is 21,511.
Solaris Urbino 8,9 LE electric
Solaris Urbino 8,9 LE electric is a low-entry electric city bus, that debuted in autumn 2011. It was produced by the company Solaris Bus & Coach S.A. from Bolechowo near Poznań. Its design is based on the Solaris Urbino 8,9 LE. It was the first electric bus manufactured in Poland. In Poland, it is in use in Ostrołęka, Cracow, Jaworzno, Ciechanow, Chodzież, Września, Katowice and Stalowa Wola.

Transit bus
A transit bus (also big bus, commuter bus, city bus, town bus, urban bus, stage bus, public bus,  public transit bus, or simply bus) is a type of bus used in public transport bus services.  Several configurations are used, including low-floor buses, high-floor buses, double-decker buses, articulated buses and midibuses.

These are distinct from all-seated coaches used for intercity travel and smaller minibuses, for more flexible services.
Charles Chandler
Charles Chandler is the name of:

Charles Chandler, actor, shot dead while making The Captive (1915 film)

Charles Chandler (cricketer) (1870–1940), Jamaican cricketer

Charles Chandler (rower) (1911–1982), American rower and Olympic gold medalist

Charles F. Chandler (1836–1925), American chemist and public-health reformer

Charles deForest Chandler (1878–1939), American military aviator

Charles Rodney Chandler (1938–1968), American officer subject of Assassination of Charles Rodney Chandler

Charles Walter Chandler, Australian journalist, associated with Reginald Louis Solomon

Charles Chandler (comics), a Marvel Comics character

3-D Man
3-D Man is the name of two superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

The first incarnation, a composite of two brothers, Charles Chandler and Hal Chandler, first appeared in Marvel Premiere #35 (April 1977). The second incarnation, Delroy Garrett, took on the name in Avengers: The Initiative #14, having debuted as Triathlon a decade before in Avengers (vol. 3) #8 (September 1998).
Stephen Moyer
Stephen John Emery (born 11 October 1969), known professionally as Stephen Moyer, is an English actor and film director. He is best known for portraying the vampire Bill Compton in the HBO television series True Blood.

This was followed by the television film Lord of Misrule, filmed in Fowey, Cornwall, which also featured Richard Wilson, Emily Mortimer and Prunella Scales. In 1997, Moyer made his big-screen debut landing the lead role in the film adaptation of the long-running comic strip Prince Valiant by Hal Foster, working alongside Ron Perlman and Katherine Heigl. From 2017 to 2019, he starred as Reed Strucker, the lead role in Fox series The Gifted.

Emily Mortimer
Emily Kathleen Anne Mortimer (born 6 October 1971) is a British actor and writer. She began acting in stage productions and has since appeared in several film and television roles. In 2003, she won an Independent Spirit Award for her performance in Lovely and Amazing. She is also known for playing Mackenzie McHale in the HBO series The Newsroom (2012–2014). She co-created and co-wrote the series Doll & Em (2014–2015) and wrote and directed the miniseries The Pursuit of Love (2021), the latter of which earned her a nomination for the British Academy Television Award for Best Supporting Actress.

She provided the voice of Sophie in the English-language version of Howl's Moving Castle (2004), and starred in Scream 3 (2000), Match Point (2005), The Pink Panther (2006), The Pink Panther 2 (2009), Lars and the Real Girl (2007), Chaos Theory (2008), Harry Brown (2009), Shutter Island (2010), Cars 2 (2011), Hugo (2011), Mary Poppins Returns (2018), and Relic (2020).
Beneditense CD
Associação Beneditense de Cultura e Desporto is a Portuguese sports club from Benedita.

The men's football team plays in the AF Leiria I Série B. The club enjoyed stints on the third tier while it was named Segunda Divisão B; from 1994 to 2000 and in 2001–02. The subsequent stint on the fourth tier ended in 2006, in addition to a one-off stint in 2012–13. In the Taça de Portugal, the team reached the fourth round in 2002–03.

Leiria Football Association
The Leiria Football Association (Portuguese: Associação de Futebol de Leiria) is one of the 22 District Football Associations that are affiliated with the Portuguese Football Federation. The AF Leiria administers lower-tier football in the district of Leiria.

On 5 January 2014 Leiria FA won the Portuguese Regions Cup and will represent Portugal in the 2015 UEFA Regions' Cup, starting in September 2014.
Roper resonance
The Roper resonance, also known as P11(1440) or N(1440)1/2+, is an unstable nucleon resonance with a mass of about 1,440 MeV/c2 and with a relatively wide full Breit-Wigner width Γ ≈ 300 MeV/c2. It contains three quarks (up (u) or down (d))  with total spin J = 1/2 and total isospin I = 1/2. In the quark model it is considered to be a radially excited three-quark state with radial quantum number N = 2 and positive parity. The Roper Resonance has been a subject of many studies because its mass is actually lower than three-quark states with radial quantum number N = 1.  Only in the late 2000s was the lower-than-expected mass explained by theoretical calculations, revealing a quark core shielded by a dense cloud of mesons.

Relativistic Breit–Wigner distribution
The relativistic Breit–Wigner distribution (after the 1936 nuclear resonance formula of Gregory Breit and Eugene Wigner) is a continuous probability distribution with the following probability density function,

where k is a constant of proportionality, equal to 

(This equation is written using natural units, ħ = c = 1.)

It is most often used to model resonances (unstable particles) in high-energy physics. In this case, E is the center-of-mass energy that produces the resonance, M is the mass of the resonance, and Γ is the resonance width (or decay width), related to its mean lifetime according to τ = 1/Γ. (With units included, the formula is τ = ħ/Γ.)
Battle of Kanzhal
The Kanzhal War (Kabardian: Къэнжал зауэ; Crimean Tatar: Къанжал дженки) or Crimean-Circassian War of 1708 was military conflict in 1708 fought between Circassians led by Kurgoqo Atajuq and Crimean Khanate alongside its allies or vassals led by Qaplan I Giray, which resulted in Circassian victory. It played a big role in decreasing foreign influence in Circassia. In 2013, the Russian Academy of Sciences described the battle as "an important event in the history of Circassians". It was fought near the village of Bylym on the Baksan River.

Baksan (river)
The Baksan (/bɑːkˈsɑːn/) is a river in Kabardino-Balkaria in Russia. It flows east northeast and joins the Malka just before that river joins the northwest bend of the Terek. The Baksan is 169 kilometres (105 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 6,800 square kilometres (2,600 sq mi).
Joseph Albert McClure
Joseph Albert "Bert" McClure (April 3, 1881 – July 27, 1967) was a farmer and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Canora from 1925 to 1929 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Progressive Party member.

He was born in Snelgrove, Ontario, the son of Thomas McClure and Janet Moore. He travelled west to Saskatchewan in 1902 and spent the fall harvesting grain in Assinaboine. During the winter that followed, McClure worked at a sawmill in Gimli, Manitoba and for a grain elevator company in Winnipeg. The following year, he bought a homestead near Sturgis, Saskatchewan. In 1911, McClure married Floy Nesbit.Together they had two daughters: Hester Louis McClure and Alberta "Berta" McClure. The McClures grew grain and raised purebred Shorthorn cattle and Clydesdale horses on their farm. In 1949, they sold the farm and returned to Ontario, moving to the town of Erin, where they remained until their deaths in 1967.

Homestead principle
The homestead principle is the principle by which one gains ownership of an unowned natural resource by performing an act of original appropriation. Appropriation could be enacted by putting an unowned resource to active use (as with using it to produce some product),
joining it with previously acquired property, or by marking it as owned (as with livestock branding).

Homesteading is one of the foundations of Rothbardian anarcho-capitalism and right-libertarianism.
Francisco José Lombardi
Francisco José Lombardi (born 3 August 1949) is a Peruvian film director, producer and screenwriter. He has directed 17 films since 1977. He received the Silver Shell for Best Director in 1985 for his film The City and the Dogs based on the novel La ciudad y los perros by Mario Vargas Llosa. His film Without Compassion was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1994 Cannes Film Festival.

1994 Cannes Film Festival
The 47th Cannes Film Festival took place from 12 to 23 May 1994. American filmmaker and actor Clint Eastwood served as jury president for the main competition. French actress Jeanne Moreau hosted the opening and closing ceremonies.

American filmmaker Quentin Tarantino won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for the comedy-drama film Pulp Fiction.

The festival opened with The Hudsucker Proxy by Joel Coen, and closed with Serial Mom by John Waters.
Santuario della Brugarola
Santuario della Brugarola is a sanctuary in Ailoche, Province of Biella in the Italian region of Piedmont. It was built in 1722 and dedicated to the Madonna d'Oropa.

Added to the church there is a structure once used as lodging by the hermits.

Together with Banchette Sanctuary in Bioglio and the Brughiera sanctuary in Trivero is part of the minor sanctuaries, all connected by the two ways CoEur - In the heart of European paths and Path of Saint Charles.

It was built in 1722 around the votive column where was painted the Black Madonna di Oropa. The façade is decorated with stucco and statues. The central altar is devoted to the Virgin Mary, represented between Eusebius of Vercelli and Bernard of Menthon. The side altars are dedicated to Saint Peter and Francis of Assisi.

Path of Saint Charles
The Path of Saint-Charles (Cammino di San Carlo) is an historical, artistic and devotional route in Italy which follows the travels of Saint Charles Borromeo from Arona, his native town, and Viverone, where the path joins the Via Francigena.

The 200 km may be divided into 12 stages for walkers and in four stages for bikers.

This path is one of the most important routes of CoEur - In the heart of European paths.
Skeiðin
62°03′55″N 7°20′48″W﻿ / ﻿62.06528°N 7.34667°W﻿ / 62.06528; -7.34667

Skeiðin is a mountain above the village of Sørvágur in the Faroe Islands. It lies between the village itself and the bay of Selvík. On the top of the mountain is a radio transmitter. It is also a location of automatic weather station that provides wind information for aircraft approaching Vágar Airport.

Geoportal kortal.fo refers to the mountain as Skeið.

Geoportal
A geoportal is a type of web portal used to find and access geographic information (geospatial information) and associated geographic services (display, editing, analysis, etc.) via the Internet.  Geoportals are important for effective use of geographic information systems (GIS) and a key element of a spatial data infrastructure (SDI).

Geographic information providers, including government agencies and commercial sources, use geoportals to publish descriptions (geospatial metadata) of their geographic information.  Geographic information consumers, professional or casual, use geoportals to search and access the information they need.  Thus geoportals serve an increasingly important role in the sharing of geographic information and can avoid duplicated efforts, inconsistencies, delays, confusion, and wasted resources.
Shelltown
Shelltown is the name of several places in the United States:

Shelltown, San Diego, California, a neighborhood

Shelltown, Maryland, an unincorporated community

Shelltown, Pennsylvania, a census-designated place

Shelltown, Pennsylvania
Shelltown is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Blair County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

The CDP is in eastern Blair County, in the northern part of Woodbury Township. It is bordered to the north by the borough of Williamsburg. Pennsylvania Route 866 passes through the community, leading north into Williamsburg and southwest 12 miles (19 km) to Martinsburg.
2013–14 UEFA Youth League
The 2013–14 UEFA Youth League was the first season of the UEFA Youth League, a European youth club football competition organised by UEFA. It was contested by the under-19 youth teams of the 32 clubs qualified for the group stage of the 2013–14 UEFA Champions League.

The final was played on 14 April 2014 at the Colovray Stadium in Nyon, Switzerland, between Benfica and Barcelona. Barcelona won 3–0 and became the first team to lift the Lennart Johansson Trophy, named after UEFA's honorary president.

Players had to be born on or after 1 January 1995.

Lennart Johansson
Nils Lennart Johansson (5 November 1929 – 4 June 2019) was a Swedish sports official who served as the fifth and, to date, longest-serving president of UEFA, the Union of European Football Associations. He served in the position from his election at the UEFA Congress in 1990 until 2007. In June 1998, he contested the FIFA presidential election against Sepp Blatter, losing by 111 votes to 80.
Shamshad Begum
Shamshad Begum (Urdu: شمشاد بیگم, IAST: Śamśād Bēgam; 14 April 1919 – 23 April 2013) was an Indian singer who was one of the first playback singers in the Hindi film industry.
Begum is regarded as one of the best and most popular female playback singers, and a pioneering figure in Hindi film music and was also one of the most influential playback singers during the "Golden Age" of Bollywood (1940s–1960s). Notable for her distinctive voice and range, she sang over 6,000 songs in Hindustani, Bengali, Marathi, Gujarati, Tamil, and Punjabi languages, among which 1287 were Hindi film songs.
She worked with renowned composers of the time, such as Ghulam Haider who first discovered her. She also worked with Naushad Ali and O. P. Nayyar, for whom she was one of their favorites. Her songs from the 1940s to the early 1970s remain popular and continue to be remixed.

Babul (1950 film)
Babul  (English: Father's House) is a 1950 Bollywood musical drama film directed by S.U. Sunny, produced and with music direction by Naushad. The film stars Dilip Kumar, Nargis, Munawar Sultana in pivotal roles. A box office success, the film became the 2nd highest earning film of 1950, earning an approximate gross of Rs. 12,500,000 and a net  of Rs. 70,00,000.
Norbu Wangchuk
Norbu Wangchuk is the former Bhutanese Minister for Education, having served in the Tobgay cabinet from 2013 to 2018.

Wangchuk was appointed as the Minister for Economic Affairs when the People's Democratic Party won the 2013 elections. On April 8, 2016, he was appointed the Minister of Education after former Education Minister Mingbo Drukpa resigned.

Wangchuk has a bachelor's degree in botany and zoology, an MBA, and postgraduate certification in education (PGCE). He started his career as a teacher and moved on to become a senior lecturer at the Royal Institute of Management (RIM). He later worked as an education researcher and consultant.

Tshering Tobgay
Tshering Tobgay (born 19 September 1965) is a Bhutanese politician who is the seventh prime minister of Bhutan since 2024, having previously held the office from 2013 to 2018. Tobgay is the leader of the People's Democratic Party, and was also the Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly from March 2008 to April 2013.