hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Viktor Gulevich
Viktor Vladimirovich Gulevich (Russian: Виктор Владимирович Гулевич; Belarusian: Віктар Уладзіміравіч Гулевіч, romanized: Viktar Uladzimiravich Hulevich, born 14 May 1969) is a Belarusian general who was the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Belarus from 2021-2024.

General Staff of the Armed Forces of Belarus
The General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus is the central body of military management and operational control of the Armed Forces of Belarus. The Chief of the General Staff is appointed by the President of Belarus, who is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. The General Staff is part of the Ministry of Defence of Belarus.

The General Staff was established originally as the Main Staff in May 1992, when the Byelorussian Military District of the Soviet Union was dissolved.

The current Chief of the General Staff is Pavel Muraveiko, who also serves as First Deputy Minister of Defence.
Kılavuz, Dargeçit
Kılavuz (Kurdish: Xelilan) is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Dargeçit, Mardin Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,164 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is populated by Kurds of the Erebiyan and Sinikan tribes.

Mardin Province
Mardin Province (Turkish: Mardin ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Mêrdîn; Arabic: محافظة ماردين; Classical Syriac: ܡܪܕܝܢ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ) is a province and metropolitan municipality in Turkey. Its area is 8,780 km2, and its population is 870,374 (2022). The largest city in the province is Kızıltepe, while the capital Mardin is the second largest city.
Roskilde railway station
Roskilde Station (Danish: Roskilde Station or Roskilde Banegård) is the principal railway station serving the city of Roskilde on the island of Zealand, Denmark. It is located in central Roskilde, on the southeastern edge of the historic town centre, and lies immediately adjacent to the Roskilde bus station.

Roskilde station is situated on the Danish Main Line between Copenhagen and Jutland. The station is also a terminus for the Little South Line which connects Roskilde to Næstved in southern Zealand by way of Køge, and the Northwest Line which connects Roskilde to Kalundborg in northwestern Zealand.

Completed in 1847, it is the oldest railway station in Denmark still in use. It was listed in the Fanish registry of protected buildings and places in 1964.

Køge
Køge (Danish pronunciation: [ˈkʰøː(j)ə], older spelling Kjøge) is a Danish seaport on the coast of Køge Bugt (Bay of Køge) 39 km southwest of Copenhagen. It is the principal town and seat of Køge Municipality, Region Zealand, Denmark. In 2025, the urban area had a population of 38,506.

The natural harbour and strategic location have given Køge a long history as a market town. Today, that past is evident in a well-preserved old town centre with many half-timbered houses.

Køge is located in the Copenhagen metropolitan area and is connected to downtown Copenhagen by the E line of the S-train commuter rail system. Køge is also on the Copenhagen-Ringsted Line that was opened in June 2019. The new line positioned Køge as a central hub in Denmark's transport system.
The Science of Weird Shit
The Science of Weird Shit: Why Our Minds Conjure the Paranormal is a 2024 non-fiction book by British psychologist Chris French, published by MIT Press. The book explores the psychological and cognitive mechanisms behind paranormal beliefs and experiences, including ghost encounters, alien abductions, reincarnation, and near-death phenomena. French examines phenomena such as sleep paralysis, cognitive biases, and pareidolia to shed light on why people perceive supernatural events and what these perceptions reveal about human cognition. The book includes a foreword by Richard Wiseman.

MIT Press
The MIT Press is the university press of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The MIT Press publishes a number of academic journals and has been a pioneer in the open access movement in academic publishing.
John Kendall (fireboat)
The John Kendall was a steam-powered fireboat launched in 1929 by the Toledo Shipbuilding Company and operated by the Detroit Fire Department from 1930 to 1976. During her service as a fireboat she continued to be propelled by steam engines, requiring a crew of ten, five of whom were required to stoke her boiler. She was converted to a tugboat, and her steam engines were finally replaced by diesel engines. She served an additional 20 years as a tug, out of Alpena, Michigan. She was scrapped in 1994.

According to Bob Dombrowski, the author of 38 Years: a Detroit Firefighter's Story, she was 135 feet (41 m) long. But in 1976, the year she was decommissioned, The Scanner reported she was 128 feet (39 m) long.

Alpena, Michigan
Alpena (/ælˈpiːnə/ al-PEE-nə) is the only city in and the county seat of Alpena County, Michigan, United States. The population was 10,197 at the 2020 census, making it the third most populated city in the Northern Michigan region, after Traverse City and Cadillac. The city is surrounded by Alpena Township, but the two are administered autonomously. It is the core city of the Alpena micropolitan statistical area, which encompasses all of Alpena County and had a total population of 28,907 at the 2020 census.

Alpena is located at the head of Thunder Bay, a bay of Lake Huron. Offshore of Alpena is the Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary, which protects an estimated 116 historically significant shipwrecks. Alpena is the second-largest American city on Lake Huron, behind Port Huron.
Gert Trasha
Gert Trasha (born January 31, 1988, in Elbasan) is an Albanian weightlifter. At age sixteen, Trasha became one of the youngest weightlifters to mark their official debut at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, representing his nation Albania. He placed thirteenth in the men's featherweight class (62 kg), as he successfully lifted 115 kg in the single-motion snatch, and hoisted 140 kg in the two-part, shoulder-to-overhead clean and jerk, for a total of 255 kg.

At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Trasha switched to a heavier class by competing in the men's lightweight division. Unlike his previous Olympics, Trasha did not finish the event, after failing to lift a snatch of 136 kg in three attempts.

Elbasan
Elbasan (/ˌɛlbəˈsɑːn/ EL-bə-SAHN, Albanian: [ɛlbaˈsan]; Albanian definite form: Elbasani, pronounced [ɛlbaˈsani]) is the fourth most populous city of Albania and seat of Elbasan County and Elbasan Municipality. It lies to the north of the river Shkumbin between the Skanderbeg Mountains and the Myzeqe Plain in central Albania.
Bino Drummond
Bino Christopher James Drummond (born 22 June 1982) is a Swedish politician. From 2012 to 2014, he was a member of the Riksdag. From 2018 to 2023, he served as mayor of Norrtälje. In 2002, he participated in the World Floorball Championships as a member of the United States national team. He was born in Fairfax, Virginia, to a Swedish mother and an American father.

Norrtälje Municipality
Norrtälje Municipality (Swedish: Norrtälje kommun) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east central Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Norrtälje.

It is the largest and northernmost municipality of Stockholm County and was created in 1971 through the amalgamation of several former municipalities. There are 25 original local government units (as of 1863) combined in the present municipality. Since the municipality was formed in 1971, the population has grown almost every year. With the exception of the mandate period 2014–2018, Norrtälje has had a non-socialistic municipal government since 2010.

Many of the houses in Norrtälje municipality are summer cottages, only inhabited during summertime. This is due to its geographical location by the Stockholm archipelago, which makes it popular among Stockholmers and tourists. Norrtälje municipality has more than 13 000 islands.
Hartmut Möllring
Hartmut Möllring (born 31 December 1951, Groß Ilsede) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU). From 1990 to 2013 he was a member of the Landtag of Lower Saxony. From 2003 to 2013, he was the Minister of Finance for the Lower Saxony. He was also chairman of the TdL and a memberof the Supervisory Board of Salzgitter AG

Salzgitter AG
Salzgitter AG  is a German company, one of the largest steel producers in Europe with an annual output of around seven million tonnes.

With over 100 subsidiaries and associated companies, the Group is structured in four business units – Steel Production, Steel Processing, Trading and Technology – under the umbrella of a management holding company.
Nikaweratiya
Nikaweratiya is a town in the North Western Province of Sri Lanka. It consists of 42 Grama Niladari divisions. The division of Nikaweratiya is the second largest electoral division in Sri Lanka and its extent only second to the Monaragala Electoral Division. This region which is famous for agriculture since the past is nourished with lakes and canals.

Monaragala
Monaragala (Sinhala: මොනරාගල, romanized: Monarāgala; Tamil: மொணராகலை, romanized: Moṇarākalai) is a town located in Monaragala District, Uva Province, Sri Lanka. It is  the largest town and the capital of Monaragala District and is located 57.3 km (35.6 mi) southeast of Badulla, the capital city of Uva Province. Monaragala is situated about 151 m (495 ft) above sea level on the Colombo-Batticaloa main road.

Close to Moneragala, the rock temple Moneragala Rajamaha Viharaya, also named Mayuragiri Len Viharaya, consists of various caves with wall paintings and statues. In Maligavila one of the tallest Buddha statues of Sri Lanka can be located.
Monaragala is a Sinhalese stronghold on the island.Ethnic composition in Monaragala DS Division according to the 2012 census is as follows Sihalese-42,779-86.39%,Tamils-6,323-12.77%,Muslims-341-0.69%,Others-77-0.16%.
Grachev merchants' revenue house
Grachev merchants' revenue house is a mansion in the historic center of Kamensk-Uralsky, Sverdlovsk oblast.

The building was granted the status of regional significance on 28 December 2001 (the Sverdlovsk Oblast Government Decree № 859). The object number of cultural heritage of regional significance is 661710794020005.

Kamensk-Uralsky
Kamensk-Uralsky (Russian: Ка́менск-Ура́льский, IPA: [ˈkamʲɪnsk ʊˈralʲskʲɪj]) is a city in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Kamenka and Iset Rivers (Ob's basin). Population: 174,689 (2010 census); 186,153 (2002 census); 207,780 (1989 Soviet census); 173,000 (1972); 51,000 (1939).
Daniel Rees (politician)
Daniel Rees (10 March 1866 – 19 June 1934) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Waratah to miner Daniel Rees and Elizabeth Francis. He grew up in Lithgow and Wallsend and was a miner from the age of twelve. He was a member of the Miners' Union and from 1922 to 1934 general president of the Miners' Federation. He married Elizabeth Syme on 6 September 1888; they had three children. In December 1909, he was fined £100, in default two months imprisonment, for his role in that year's Newcastle coal strike. From 1931 to 1934 he was a Labor member of the New South Wales Legislative Council. Rees died in Leichhardt in 1934.

Wallsend, New South Wales
Wallsend is a western suburb of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia, 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) from Newcastle's central business district. It is split between the local government areas of City of Newcastle and City of Lake Macquarie.
Mount Twintop
Mount Twintop (68°5′S 62°22′E﻿ / ﻿68.083°S 62.367°E﻿ / -68.083; 62.367) is a twin-peaked mountain about 6 nautical miles (11 km) south-southwest of Mount Tritoppen in the south part of the David Range, Framnes Mountains. Immediately north of Mount Twintop are the Butler Nunataks, and Venture Dome lies 60 km to the south.

Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition (1936–37) and named Tvitoppen (the twin peak). The translated form of the name recommended by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) has been adopted.

Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee
The Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee (AANMC) was established to advise the Government on names for features in the Australian Antarctic Territory and the subantarctic territory of Heard Island and the McDonald Islands. The committee also issues nominations Governor General for the award of the Australian Antarctic Medal.

Committee members were appointed by the Minister or Parliamentary Secretary responsible for Antarctic matters. The committee was founded in 1952 as the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia,  and changed to the current name in 1982 to reflect the multiple functions that the committee is responsible for. The committee was replaced by the Australian Antarctic Division Place names Committee in 2015.
Maharashtracha Favourite Kon?
The Maharashtracha Favourite Kon? Awards are presented by the Marathi television channel Zee Talkies to honour excellence in Marathi cinema. It has been given annually since 2009, with the latest—the 14th edition—of the award-giving ceremony having been held in 2024. The awards are decided by a jury, consisting of noted film-makers, critics and technicians, while winners in a separate category named "Favourite awards" are chosen by public voting.

Mahesh Manjrekar
Mahesh Vaman Manjrekar (Marathi pronunciation: [məɦeːʃ maːɲd͡zɾekəɾ]; born 16 August 1958) is an Indian actor, film director, screenwriter and producer who works primarily in Hindi, Marathi and Telugu films. He is best known for directing Vaastav: The Reality (1999), Astitva (2000) and Viruddh... Family Comes First (2005). He won a National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Marathi for Astitva and two Star Screen Awards. He was also the host of the reality show, Bigg Boss Marathi from 2018 until 2023.
Barwani
Barwani or Badwani (Hindi: Baḍwāni) is a municipal town in Barwani district of Madhya Pradesh, India, that is situated near the left bank of the Narmada River. It is the administrative headquarters of Barwani district and has also served as the capital of the former princely state of Barwani. Barwani is only accessible by road.

Khandwa
Khandwa is a city and a nagar nigam in the Nimar region of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Khandwa district, formerly known as East Nimar District.

Khandwa is a major railway junction; the Malwa line connecting Indore with the Deccan meets the main east–west line from Mumbai to Kolkata.
Hugo Eisig
Hugo Eisig (1847, in Baden – 10 February 1920) was a German marine zoologist.

Hugo Eisig was a student of  Ernst Haeckel. He served as a first assistant (1872–1909), then as a vice-director at Stazione Zoologica in Naples.

Eisig was an expert on polychaete worms and in 1887 published "Die Capitelliden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte: eine Monographie" (Volume 16 of Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel). He also wrote "Zur Systematik, Anatomie und Morphologie der Ariciiden nebst Beiträgen zur generellen Systematik"; Mitteilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, 21(6): 153–600 (1914).

Baden
Baden (/ˈbɑːdən/; German: [ˈbaːdn̩]) is a historical territory in southern Germany. In earlier times it was considered to be on both sides of the Upper Rhine, but since the Napoleonic Wars, it has been considered only East of the Rhine.
Herbriggen railway station
Herbriggen railway station (German: Bahnhof Herbriggen, French: Gare de Herbriggen) is a railway station in the municipality of St. Niklaus, in the Swiss canton of Valais. It is an intermediate stop on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge Brig–Zermatt line and is served by local trains only. The station is stop on demand, so passengers wishing to embark/disembark must press the stop on demand button on the train or at the station.

Brig–Zermatt railway line
The Brig–Zermatt railway line is a metre gauge railway line in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. Its 44-kilometre-long (27 mi) line links the communities of Brig and Visp in the Rhone Valley with Täsch and the car free holiday resort of Zermatt in the Mattertal. The line also forms part of the much travelled and admired route of the Glacier Express between St. Moritz and Zermatt. The Gornergratbahn (which was opened in 1898) is connected with the line at Zermatt.

The line was originally built by the Visp-Zermatt-Bahn (VZ), and opened between Visp and Zermatt in 1890–1891. The extension to Brig opened in 1930. The company was renamed the Brig-Visp-Zermatt-Bahn (BVZ) in 1961, and was later branded as BVZ Zermatt-Bahn. It merged with the Furka Oberalp Bahn (FO) in 2003 to form the Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn (MGB).
Spice use in antiquity
The history of spices reach back thousands of years,  dating back to the 8th century BCE. Spices are widely known to be developed and discovered in Asian civilizations. Spices have been used in a variety of antique developments for their unique qualities. There were a variety of spices that were used for common purposes across the ancient world. Different spices hold a value that can create a variety of products designed to enhance or suppress certain taste and/or sensations. Spices were also associated with certain rituals to perpetuate a superstition or fulfill a religious obligation, among other things. Spices have antimicrobial properties that may have helped protect ancient peoples against foodborne illnesses.

Marjoram
Marjoram (/ˈmɑːrdʒərəm/, Origanum majorana) is a cold-sensitive perennial herb or undershrub with sweet pine and citrus flavours. In some Middle Eastern countries, marjoram is synonymous with oregano, and there the names sweet marjoram and knotted marjoram are used to distinguish it from other plants of the genus Origanum. It is also called pot marjoram, although this name is also used for other cultivated species of Origanum.
Hypouricemia
Hypouricemia or hypouricaemia is a level of uric acid in blood serum that is below normal.  In humans, the normal range of this blood component has a lower threshold set variously in the range of 2 mg/dL to 4 mg/dL, while the upper threshold is 530 μmol/L (6 mg/dL) for women and 619 μmol/L (7 mg/dL) for men.  Hypouricemia usually is benign and sometimes is a sign of a medical condition.

Idiopathic disease
An idiopathic disease is any disease with an unknown cause or mechanism of apparent spontaneous origin.

For some medical conditions, one or more causes are somewhat understood, but in a certain percentage of instances, the cause may not be readily apparent or characterized. In these cases, the origin of the condition is said to be idiopathic. With some other medical conditions, the root cause for a large percentage of all cases has not been established—for example, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis or ankylosing spondylitis; the majority of these cases are deemed idiopathic. Certain medical conditions, when idiopathic, notably some forms of epilepsy and stroke, are preferentially described by the synonymous term of cryptogenic.
Gazalvishwa
Gazalvishwa (Gujarati: ગઝલવિશ્વ) is a quarterly Gujarati ghazal poetry journal, published by Vali Gujarati Gazal Kendra from Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India since 2006. The journal publishes ghazals, ghazal reviews, critical works and interviews of ghazal poets.

Gandhinagar
Gandhinagar (Gujarati: gāndhīnagara, pronounced ['ɡaːnd̪ʱinəɡəɾᵊ] ⓘ) is the capital of the state of Gujarat in India. Gandhinagar is located approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) north of Ahmedabad, on the west central point of the industrial corridor between the megacities of Delhi and Mumbai.

Gandhinagar lies on the west bank of the Sabarmati River, about 545 kilometres (339 mi) north of Mumbai and 901 kilometres (560 mi) southwest of Delhi. 
The Akshardham temple is located in Gandhinagar. There was a determination to make Gandhinagar a purely Indian enterprise, partly because the state of Gujarat was the birthplace of Mahatma Gandhi. For this reason, the planning was done by two Indian town planners: Prakash M Apte and H. K. Mewada, who had apprenticed with Le Corbusier in Chandigarh.
1889 U.S. National Championships (tennis)
The 1889 U.S. National Championships (now known as the US Open) was a tennis tournament that took place in June, August, and September of 1889.

The women's tournament was held from June 11 to June 15 on the outdoor grass courts at the Philadelphia Cricket Club in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  The men's tournament was held from August 27 to September 3 on the outdoor grass courts at the Newport Casino in Newport, Rhode Island. The men's doubles event was played at the Staten Island Cricket Club in Livingston, Staten Island, New York. It was the 9th U.S. National Championships and the second Grand Slam tournament of the year.

This was the first edition of a doubles championship for women, with the event being held at the Philadelphia Cricket Club: Margarette Ballard and Bertha Townsend were the first women's doubles champions.

Philadelphia Cricket Club
The Philadelphia Cricket Club is a country club in Pennsylvania, United States, being the oldest of its kind in the country.

The club was established in 1854 in southeastern Pennsylvania, and has two locations, one in Chestnut Hill and the other in Flourtown, north-northwest of downtown Philadelphia.

Sports practised at the club include cricket, golf, squash, swimming, tennis, platform tennis, pickleball, and padel.
Andrei Bantaș
Andrei Bantaș (November 30, 1930 in Iași – January 17, 1997 in Bucharest) was a Romanian lexicographer, translator and teacher.

He was professor of English language and literature at the University of Bucharest, Romania.

Together with Leon Levițchi he is one of the best known authors of English/Romanian dictionaries.

The Andrei Bantaș Translation Prize is named after him.

University of Bucharest
The University of Bucharest (UB) (Romanian: Universitatea din București) is a public research university in Bucharest, Romania. It was founded in its current form on 4 July 1864 (1864-07-04) by a decree of Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza to convert the former Princely Academy into the current University of Bucharest, making it one of the oldest Romanian universities. It is one of the five members of the Universitaria Consortium (a group of elite Romanian universities).

The University of Bucharest offers study programmes in Romanian and English and is classified as an advanced research and education university by the Ministry of Education.
Alijan Ibragimov
Alijan Rahmanuly Ibragimov (Kazakh: Әлижан Рахманұлы Ибрагимов, romanized: Älijan Rahmanūly Ibragimov, also known as Alidjan or Alidzhon Ibragimov; 5 June 1953 – 3 February 2021) was a Kazakh oligarch of the Uyghur descent. He was born in Fergana, Uzbek SSR, and was a member of a well-known circle of oligarchs in Kazakhstan known as the "Trio."  The Trio consists of Ibragimov. Alexander Mashkevich and Patokh Chodiev, all active in the mining, oil and gas, and banking sectors in Kazakhstan. At the time of his death, Ibragimov had dropped off Forbes's list of world billionaires.

Business oligarch
A business oligarch is generally a business magnate who controls sufficient resources to influence national politics. A business leader can be considered an oligarch if some of the following conditions are satisfied:

uses monopolistic tactics to dominate an industry;

possesses sufficient political power to promote their own interests, often exacerbating income inequality and corruption, particularly through policies that benefit the elite at the expense of the majority.

controls multiple businesses, which intensively coordinate their activities.

More generally, an oligarch (from Ancient Greek  ὀλίγος (oligos) 'few' and  ἄρχειν (archein) 'rule') is a "member of an oligarchy; a person who is part of a small group holding power in a state".