hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Acacia burdekensis
Acacia burdekensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to North Queensland. It is a shrub or tree with mostly curved, greyish-green phyllodes, spikes of bright golden yellow flowers, and linear pods.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
Ray Flynn (athlete)
Raymond P. Flynn (born 22 January 1957) is a retired middle-distance runner who works as a sports agent. During his racing career, Flynn ran 89 sub-four minute miles. He ran his best time of 3:49.77 on 7 July 1982 in Oslo, Norway at the Bislett Games Dream Mile. The time still stands as the outdoor Irish national record, but was surpassed when Andrew Coscoran ran 3:49.26 indoors in 2025. Flynn also held the Irish 1500 metres record for 41 years after running 3:33.5, in the same Oslo race.

In 1989, he founded Flynn Sports Management, among the biggest athlete management agencies in athletics. Flynn is also the meet director of the Millrose Games.

Sports agent
A sports agent is a legal representative for professional athletes and coaches who negotiates employment and endorsement contracts on their behalf. Sports agents may also assist with financial planning, legal coordination, and marketing matters, often working alongside lawyers, accountants, and brand managers.
Kappa-dera
Kappa-dera (かっぱ寺), officially known as Sōgen Temple (曹源寺, "Sōgen-ji"), is a Sōtō Zen Buddhist temple in the Kappabashi area of Tokyo. It is named after the kappa, a Japanese folklore figure, and Kappa (合羽), a vendor in the retail corridor.

Sōtō
Sōtō Zen or the Sōtō school (曹洞宗, Sōtō-shū) is the largest of the three traditional sects of Zen in Japanese Buddhism (the others being Rinzai and Ōbaku). It is the Japanese line of the Chinese Caodong school, which was founded during the Tang dynasty by Dongshan Liangjie. It emphasizes Shikantaza, meditation with no objects, anchors, or content. The meditator strives to be aware of the stream of thoughts, allowing them to arise and pass away without interference.

The Japanese brand of the sect was imported in the 13th century by Dōgen Zenji, who studied Caodong Buddhism (Chinese: 曹洞宗; pinyin: Cáodòng Zōng) abroad in China. Dōgen is remembered today as the ancestor of Sōtō Zen in Japan along with Keizan Jōkin.

With about 14,000 temples, Sōtō is one of the largest Japanese Buddhist organizations. Sōtō Zen is now also popular in the West, and in 1996 priests of the Sōtō Zen tradition formed the Soto Zen Buddhist Association based in North America.
Apomixis
In botany, apomixis is asexual development of seed or embryo without fertilization.

Apomictically produced offspring are genetically identical to the parent plant, except in nonrecurrent apomixis.  Its etymology is Greek for "away from" + "mixing".

Normal asexual reproduction of plants, such as propagation from cuttings or leaves, has never been considered to be apomixis. In contrast to parthenocarpy, which involves seedless fruit formation without fertilization, apomictic fruits have viable seeds containing a proper embryo, with asexual origin.

In flowering plants, the term "apomixis" is used in a restricted sense to mean agamospermy, i.e. clonal reproduction through seeds. Although agamospermy could theoretically occur in gymnosperms, it appears to be absent in that group.

Some authors included all forms of asexual reproduction within apomixis, but that generalization of the term has since died out.

Fertilisation
Fertilisation or fertilization (see spelling differences), also known as generative fertilisation, syngamy and impregnation, is the fusion of gametes to give rise to a zygote and initiate its development into a new individual organism or offspring. While processes such as insemination or pollination, which happen before the fusion of gametes, are also sometimes informally referred to as fertilisation, these are technically separate processes. The cycle of fertilisation and development of new individuals is called sexual reproduction. During double fertilisation in angiosperms, the haploid male gamete combines with two haploid polar nuclei to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleus by the process of vegetative fertilisation.
Walram of Thierstein
Count Walram III of Thierstein-Pfeffingen (also known as Walraff; before 1339 – 22 May 1403) was a German nobleman.  He was the ruling Lord of Pfeffingen and was married to Adelaied of Hohenlohe (before 1341 – 1381).

Walram is best known due to a legend related to the 1356 Basel earthquake.

1356 Basel earthquake
The 1356 Basel earthquake is the most significant seismological event to have occurred in Central Europe in recorded history and had a moment magnitude in the range of 6.0–7.1. This earthquake, which occurred on 18 October 1356, is also known as the Sankt-Lukas-Tag Erdbeben (English: Saint Luke's Day Earthquake), as 18 October is the feast day of Saint Luke the Evangelist.
Endolymphatic sac
In anatomy, the endolymphatic sac is a structure in the inner ear. It is a dead end pouch located at the end of the endolymphatic duct, on the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, where it is in contact with the dura mater.

Neoplasms of the endolymphatic sac are very rare tumors.

Temporal bone
The temporal bone is a paired bone situated at the sides and base of the skull, lateral to the temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex.

The temporal bones are overlaid by the sides of the head known as the temples where four of the cranial bones fuse. Each temple is covered by a temporal muscle. The temporal bones house the structures of the ears. The lower seven cranial nerves and the major vessels to and from the brain traverse the temporal bone.
John Wilson (footballer, born 1952)
John Wilson (born 11 April 1952) is an English former footballer who played as a midfielder in the Football League for Darlington and in non-league football for Consett and Gateshead. After earning an injury, he became a part time footballer whilst also doing his job in the police force. He is now the Dad of Emma Wilson and the Grandad of Eve Coates, Amelia Coates and Isla Wilson.

Consett A.F.C.
Consett Association Football Club is a football club based in Consett in County Durham, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Division One East and play at Belle View Stadium.
2023 Grand Prix Hassan II – Singles
Roberto Carballés Baena defeated Alexandre Müller in the final, 4–6, 7–6(7–3), 6–2 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2023 Grand Prix Hassan II. It was his second ATP Tour singles title.

David Goffin was the reigning champion, but withdrew due to injury before the tournament.

Riccardo Bonadio
Riccardo Bonadio (born 13 July 1993) is an Italian former professional tennis player.

Bonadio has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 164 achieved on 22 May 2023. He also has a career high doubles ranking of world No. 278 achieved on 21 March 2022.
Volcano Mountain
Volcano Mountain is a cinder cone in central Yukon Territory, Canada, located a short distance north of Fort Selkirk, near the confluence of the Pelly and Yukon Rivers. Volcano Mountain is called Nelrúna in the Northern Tutchone language.

Cinder cone
A cinder cone or scoria cone is a steep, conical landform of loose pyroclastic fragments, such as volcanic ash, clinkers, or scoria that has been built around a volcanic vent. The pyroclastic fragments are formed by explosive eruptions or tall lava fountains from a single, typically cylindrical, vent.

As the gas-charged lava is blown violently into the air, it breaks into small fragments that solidify and fall as either scoria which is also referred to cinder and clinker around the vent to form a cone that is often symmetrical, with slopes between 30° and 40° and a nearly circular base. Most cinder cones have a bowl-shaped crater at the summit.
Osmophile
An osmophile is an extremophile microorganism adapted to environments generating high osmotic pressures, such as aqueous solutions with high salt or sugar concentrations (e.g., brines or sirups). Osmophiles are similar to halophiles (salt-loving organisms) in that a critical aspect of both types of environment is their low water activity, aW. High sugar concentrations represent a growth-limiting factor for many microorganisms, yet osmophiles protect themselves against this high osmotic pressure by the synthesis of osmoprotectants such as alcohols and amino acids. Many osmophilic microorganisms are yeasts; some bacteria are also osmophilic.

Osmophilic yeasts are important because they cause food spoilage in the sugar and sweet goods industry,  with products such as fruit juices, fruit juice concentrates, liquid sugars (such as golden syrup), honey, and in some cases marzipan. Among the most osmophilic are:

Halophile
A halophile (from the Greek word for 'salt-loving') is an extremophile that thrives in high salt concentrations. In chemical terms, halophile refers to a Lewis acidic species that has some ability to extract halides from other chemical species.

While most halophiles are classified into the domain Archaea, there are also bacterial halophiles and some eukaryotic species, such as the alga Dunaliella salina and fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga. Some well-known species give off a red color from carotenoid compounds, notably bacteriorhodopsin.

Halophiles can be found in water bodies with salt concentration more than five times greater than that of the ocean, such as the Great Salt Lake in Utah, Owens Lake in California, the Lake Urmia in Iran, the Dead Sea, and in evaporation ponds. They are theorized to be a possible analogues for modeling extremophiles that might live in the salty subsurface water ocean of Jupiter's Europa and similar moons.
Up to the Mark
Up to the Mark (foaled February 29, 2019) is a Champion American Thoroughbred racehorse. In 2023 he won three consecutive Grade I events, the Turf Classic Stakes, Manhattan Stakes and Coolmore Turf Mile Stakes.

Turf Classic Stakes
The Turf Classic Stakes is a Grade I American thoroughbred horse race held annually in early May on the day of the Kentucky Derby, meeting on the turf at Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky. The race distance is one and one-eighth miles and is open to horses aged four and older.
2022 Campeonato Nacional Primera B
The 2022 Primera B de Chile, also known as Campeonato Ascenso Betsson 2022 for sponsorship purposes, was the 68th season of the Primera B de Chile, Chile's second-tier football league. The fixture for the season was announced on 1 February 2022, with the competition starting on 15 February and ending on 27 November 2022.

Magallanes were the champions, clinching their first Primera B title as well as promotion to Primera División on the final day of the regular season with a 2–0 win over Deportes Recoleta on 1 November 2022. The other promoted club was Deportes Copiapó, who won the promotion play-off after beating the regular season runners-up Cobreloa in the finals.

Campeonato Nacional Primera B
The Campeonato Nacional de la Primera B del Fútbol Profesional Chileno (English: National Championship of the First B of Chilean Professional Football) is the second tier in the Chilean football league system, and is organized by the Asociación Nacional de Fútbol Profesional. It was established in 1952 as Segunda División, and later renamed in 1996 to the current name. Since 1954, automatic promotion to and relegation from the Campeonato Nacional has been granted, although Palestino and Rangers were promoted to the top flight in the first season.
Hakkari (historical region)
Hakkari (Kurdish: حەکاری, Syriac: ܚܟܪܝ Ḥakkāri, or ܗܟܪܝ Hakkāri), was a historical mountainous region lying to the south of Lake Van, encompassing parts of the modern provinces of Hakkâri, Şırnak, Van in Turkey and Dohuk in Iraq. During the late Ottoman Empire it was a sanjak within the old Vilayet of Van.

Lake Van
Lake Van (Turkish: Van Gölü; Armenian: Վանա լիճ, romanized: Vana lič; Kurdish: Gola Wanê) is the largest lake in Turkey. It lies in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey in the provinces of Van and Bitlis, in the Armenian highlands. It is a saline soda lake, receiving water from many small streams that descend from the surrounding mountains. It is one of the world's few endorheic lakes (a lake having no outlet) of size greater than 3,000 square kilometres (1,200 sq mi) and has 38% of the country's surface water (including rivers). A volcanic eruption blocked its original outlet in prehistoric times. It is situated at 1,640 m (5,380 ft) above sea level. Despite the high altitude and winter averages below 0 °C (32 °F), high salinity usually prevents it from freezing; the shallow northern section can freeze, but rarely.
Tricholosporum goniospermum
Tricholosporum goniospermum is a species of fungus in the family Tricholomataceae, and the type species of the genus Tricholosporum. First described scientifically by Giacomo Bresadola in 1881 as Tricholoma goniospermum, it was transferred to the genus Tricholosporum, established in 1975 by Mexican mycologist Gaston Guzman. As was pointed out in a 1982 publication by Tim Baroni, the transfer was not valid, "because complete reference to the authors and the original publications of the basionyms was not provided". Baroni made the new combination official in his publication.

Tricholomataceae
The Tricholomataceae are a large family of fungi within the order Agaricales. Originally a classic "wastebasket taxon", the family included any white-, yellow-, or pink-spored genera in the Agaricales not already classified as belonging to e.g. the Amanitaceae, Lepiotaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Pluteaceae, or Entolomataceae.

The name derives from the Greek trichos (τριχος) meaning hair and loma (λωμα) meaning fringe or border, although not all members display this feature.

The name "Tricholomataceae" is seen as having validity in describing Tricholoma and other genera that form part of a monophyletic family including Tricholoma. To that end, the International Botanical Congress has voted on two occasions (1988 and 2006) to conserve the name "Tricholomataceae" against competing names. This decision does not invalidate the use of segregate families from the Tricholomataceae, but simply validates the continued use of Tricholomataceae.
Swing That Cheer
Swing That Cheer is a 1938 American comedy film directed by Harold D. Schuster and written by Charles Grayson and Lee Loeb. The film stars Tom Brown, Robert Wilcox, Constance Moore, Andy Devine, Samuel S. Hinds and Ernest Truex. The film was released on October 14, 1938, by Universal Pictures.

Charles Grayson (writer)
Charles Grayson (August 15, 1903 – May 4, 1973) was an American screenwriter. He worked on around forty films between 1936 and 1958. He worked under contract for Warner Brothers for a number of years. Although uncredited in the film final, along with Robert Buckner he was instrumental in reviving the operetta film The Desert Song (1943) by proposing an updated version of an old studio hit.
Cyrille Rose
Chrysogone Cyrille Rose (born on 13 February 1830 in Lestrem, Pas-de-Calais and died on 1902 in Meaux) was an acclaimed French clarinetist, and served as principal clarinet at the Paris Opera. He was a teacher and composer of pedagogical material for the clarinet, much of which is still widely in use today.

Cyrille's teacher was Hyacinthe Klosé. He studied under Klosé at the Paris Conservatoire, winning the First Prize in its Annual Concours in 1847.

He taught many famous clarinet players, such as Louis Cahuzac, Paul Jeanjean, Manuel and Francisco Gomez, Henri Lefèbvre, Henri Paradis, and Henri and Alexandre Selmer.

Lestrem
Lestrem (French pronunciation: [letʁɛm]; Dutch: De Stroom; Picard: Létrin) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France. about 8 miles (13 km) north of Béthune and 19 miles (31 km) west of Lille by the banks of the Lawe River.
Paul Merab
Paul Merab (real name: Petre Merabishvili, Georgian: პეტრე მერაბიშვილი; September 22, 1876, in Ude, Georgia – November 13, 1930, in Paris) was a Georgian physician, pharmacist and researcher of Ethiopia.

Merab was born in a Georgian Roman Catholic community, now Samtskhe-Javakheti region in south Georgia. A Sorbonne graduate, Merab was hired in Istanbul to work as a physician for the Ethiopian Emperor Menilek II for several years. He lived in Ethiopia from 1908 to 1929, except for the years of the First World War when he volunteered in the French military. In 1910, he founded the first pharmacy in Addis Ababa which he called "Pharmacie de la Géorgie". In 1929, he finally resettled to France, where he published his informative researches and memories of Ethiopia.

Samtskhe–Javakheti
Samtskhe–Javakheti (Georgian: სამცხე-ჯავახეთი, [s̪ämt̪͡s̪ʰχe̞ d͡ʒäväχet̪ʰi], Armenian: Սամցխե-Ջավախեթի, romanized: Samts’khe-Javakhet’i) is a region (mkhare) in southern Georgia with a population of 147,400 (2023) and an area of 6,413 km2 (2,476 sq mi). The region has Akhaltsikhe as its administrative center. Samtskhe–Javakheti is made up of the historical Georgian provinces Meskheti, Javakheti and Tori.

The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline, the South Caucasus natural gas pipeline, and the Kars–Tbilisi–Baku railway pass through the region.

The population of the region is made up of Georgians and Armenians, as well as smaller numbers of Russians.
NCAA Season 99
NCAA Season 99 was the 2023–24 season of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines) (NCAA). It was hosted by José Rizal University (JRU). The opening ceremony was held on September 24, 2023, at the SM Mall of Asia Arena.

Emilio Aguinaldo College
The Emilio Aguinaldo College (EAC) is a private university based in Manila, Philippines.

It is a private, non-sectarian institute of education and runs under the management of the Yaman Lahi Foundation Inc.
Steane Kremerskothen
Steane Kremerskothen is a former Australian rules football player from Tasmania, Australia.

Kremerskothen holds the games record at the top level of regional/statewide football in Tasmania, with 352 games (49 games for Launceston, 61 with Clarence, and 242 with North Launceston). Kremerskothen was the captain of the North Launceston team that won the 1995 TFL Statewide League Grand Final.

Launceston Football Club
The Launceston Football Club, nicknamed The Blues, is an Australian rules football club, located in the West Tamar suburb of Riverside, seven kilometres north of the Launceston CBD and currently play in the NTFA Premier League in Tasmania, Australia.
Casertana pig
The Casertana is a breed of domestic pig from Campania, in southern Italy. It is mainly associated with the province of Caserta, from which its name derives, but was in the past also raised in the provinces of Campobasso, Naples, Rome and Salerno. The area of the lower basin of the Garigliano and Volturno rivers, including the comuni of Carinola, Mondragone, Minturno, Sessa Aurunca and Teano, was particularly known for production of the breed, which may also be known as the Teanese after the town of Teano.

The Casertana has two unusual physical traits: it is virtually or totally hairless, which gives rise to its alternative name Pelatella, "hairless one"; and it has two wattles or cylindrical appendages hanging from the lower part of the throat.

It is one of the six autochthonous pig breeds recognised by the Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali, the Italian ministry of agriculture and forestry.

Province of Rome
The province of Rome (Italian: provincia di Roma) was one of the five provinces that formed part of the Lazio region of Italy. It was established in 1870 and disestablished in 2014. It was essentially coterminous with the Rome metropolitan area. The city of Rome was the provincial capital. During the 1920s, the boundary of the province shrank as land was ceded to establish new provinces. The province of Rome was the most populous province in Italy. On 1 January 2015, it was superseded by a new local government body—the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital.
Shawcross
Shawcross /ˈʃɔːkrɒs/ is an English surname. Notable people with this surname include the following:

Arthur Shawcross (1945–2008), American serial killer

Christopher Nyholm Shawcross (1905–1973), English lawyer and politician; brother of Hartley Shawcross

Conrad Shawcross (born 1977), English artist; son of William Shawcross

David Shawcross (1941–2015), English footballer

Debbie Shawcross, British physician and academic

Edward Shawcross, British historian

Hartley Shawcross, Baron Shawcross (1902–2003), English lawyer and politician

Howard Shawcross, Australian musician

Kerry Shawcross (born 1991), American writer and director

Kevin Shawcross (1948–1987), Australian squash player

Neil Shawcross (born 1940), English artist

Ryan Shawcross (born 1987), English footballer

Val Shawcross, English Labour Party politician

William Shawcross (born 1946), English writer, journalist and commentator, and charity administrator; son of Hartley Shawcross

Hartley Shawcross
Hartley William Shawcross, Baron Shawcross, GBE, PC, QC (4 February 1902 – 10 July 2003), known from 1945 to 1959 as Sir Hartley Shawcross, was an English barrister and Labour politician who served as the lead British prosecutor at the Nuremberg War Crimes tribunal. He also served as Britain's principal delegate to the United Nations immediately after the Second World War and as Attorney General for England.
1831 New Hampshire gubernatorial election
The 1831 New Hampshire gubernatorial election was held on March 8, 1831.

Incumbent Democratic Governor Matthew Harvey resigned on February 28, 1831, to take up a seat on the United States District Court for the District of New Hampshire. President of the New Hampshire Senate Joseph M. Harper served as acting Governor for the remainder of Harvey's term.

Democratic nominee Samuel Dinsmoor defeated National Republican nominee Ichabod Bartlett with 55.57% of the vote.

Matthew Harvey
Matthew Harvey (June 21, 1781 – April 7, 1866) was a United States representative from New Hampshire, the 13th governor of New Hampshire and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts.
David Bentley (journalist)
David Bentley is an Australian journalist and musician.

Bentley is known for writing the 1969 hit "In a Broken Dream" for his band Python Lee Jackson, in which he was a keyboard player and singer.   "In a Broken Dream", featuring Rod Stewart, peaked at #3 on the UK singles chart.

As a freelance journalist, Bentley has worked as a foreign correspondent, travel writer, food critic, columnist and feature writer.

In 1995, Bentley was awarded the Gold Walkley for exposing a literary hoax for The Courier Mail, involving Miles Franklin Award winner Helen Demidenko, author of The Hand That Signed the Paper, who had falsely claimed Ukrainian ancestry.

The controversy has since been widely discussed, with Bentley credited with uncovering one of Australia's most intriguing literary hoaxes.

Miles Franklin Award
The Miles Franklin Literary Award is an annual literary prize awarded to "a novel which is of the highest literary merit and presents Australian life in any of its phases". The award was set up according to the will of Miles Franklin (1879–1954), who is best known for writing the Australian classic My Brilliant Career (1901). She bequeathed her estate to fund this award. As of 2025, the award is valued at A$60,000.