hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Apas Jumagulov
Apas Jumagulovich Jumagulov (Kyrgyz: Апас Жумагул уулу Жумагулов; born 19 September 1934) served as the Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan from 14 December 1993 to 24 March 1998.

He studied geology and mineralogy at the Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas in Moscow and began his political career in the Communist Party of the Kyrgyz SSR in 1973, becoming a Secretary in the Central Committee of the Party in 1979 and President of Council of Ministers of Kyrgyz SSR in 1986. Jumagulov and Absamat Masaliyev were the two original candidates for the Kyrgyz Presidency on 25 October 1990, but neither could get the majority of votes, so the Republic's Supreme Soviet chose Askar Akayev to be the first President on 27 October 1990. Jumagulov served as the ambassador to Germany from 1998 to 2003, and to Russia from 2005 to 2007.

Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
The Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic (Kirghiz SSR) was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991. It was also known by the names Kyrgyzstan and Soviet Kyrgyzstan in the Kyrgyz language, as well as Kirghizia and Soviet Kirghizia in the Russian language. Landlocked and mountainous, it bordered Tajikistan and China to the south, Uzbekistan to the west and Kazakhstan to the north. The Kirghiz branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union governed the republic from 1936 until 1990.

On 30 October 1990, the Kirghiz SSR was renamed to the Socialist Republic of Kyrgyzstan; on 15 December, after declaring its state sovereignty, it was renamed again to the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. On 31 August 1991, it transformed into independent Kyrgyzstan.
Daniel Treisman
Daniel Treisman is a British-American political scientist. He is a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles, and has served as the interim director of UCLA's Center for European and Russian Studies. He is also a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research.

Treisman has published books and journal articles on Russian politics and economics, authoritarianism, democratization, political decentralization, and corruption. He also writes regularly for news outlets and current events publications such as Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy, The Washington Post, and CNN. From 2007–10, Treisman was the acting lead editor and then co-editor of the American Political Science Review. He has spent years as a visiting fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences and the Hoover Institution at Stanford University, and at the Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen (Institute for Human Sciences) in Vienna.

American Political Science Review
The American Political Science Review (APSR) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering all areas of political science. It is an official journal of the American Political Science Association and is published on their behalf by Cambridge University Press. APSR was established in 1906 and is the flagship journal in political science.
Ari Cohen
Ari Cohen (born in Winnipeg, Manitoba) is a Canadian stage and television actor. He was a cast member of My Babysitter's a Vampire. He is from Winnipeg and attended the University of Manitoba, where he was an alumnus of the Black Hole Theatre Company.

Cohen is active in Canadian theatre, having worked with the Soulpepper Theatre Company (as Biff in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman and as Bobby Gould in David Mamet's Speed-the-Plow, both 2012), with the Harold Green Jewish Theatre Company (as uncle Louie in Neil Simon's Lost in Yonkers), as well as with the Vancouver Playhouse Theatre Company and many others.

Vancouver Playhouse Theatre Company
Theatre portal

Canada portal

The Vancouver Playhouse Theatre Company ("The Playhouse") was a regional theatre company, producing plays since 1962. Its first production was The Hostage by Brendan Behan, which opened on October 2, 1963. The company performed out of the Vancouver Playhouse, a civic theatre in Vancouver’s downtown core (at Hamilton and Dunsmuir), which is also home to the Vancouver Recital Society and the Friends of Chamber Music. Citing financial difficulties, the company announced that it would cease operations on March 10, 2012
Ocala, Silver Springs and Park Street Railroad
The Ocala, Silver Springs and Park Street Railroad Company was incorporated by Florida state law chapter 3805 which was approved June 7, 1887.
It was incorporated "to construct or operate a line of railway or railroad from the city of Ocala, in Marion county, to Silver Springs, in said county, and from Silver Springs to Silver Springs Park, in the said county, and through the streets of Silver Springs and Silver Springs Park under such restrictions as may be made by law, and said company shall have the right to operate said lines of road with steam or horse-power, as may be most convenient".

It was owned by C. M. Brown, John F. Dunn, Frederick R. Freeman, Daniel A. Miller, F. Brigham Bishop, Hugh E. Miller, George H. McMaster and Edwin Spencer.

Ocala, Florida
Ocala (/oʊˈkælə/ oh-KAL-ə) is a city in and the county seat of Marion County, Florida, United States. Located in North Central Florida, the city's population was 63,591 as of the 2020 census, up from 56,315 at the 2010 census and making it the 43rd-most populated city in Florida. Ocala is the principal city of the Ocala metropolitan area, which had a population of 375,908 in 2020.

Home to over 400 thoroughbred farms and training centers, Ocala is considered the "Horse Capital of the World". Notable attractions include the Ocala National Forest, Silver Springs State Park, Rainbow Springs State Park, the College of Central Florida, and the World Equestrian Center.
Order of Merit for National Foundation
The Order of Merit for National Foundation (Korean: 건국훈장) is one of South Korea's orders of merit. It is awarded by the President of South Korea for "outstanding meritorious services in the interest of founding or laying a foundation for the Republic of Korea." The Order was originally established under a slightly different name  건국공로훈장 (建國功勞勳章) by Presidential Decree #82, on Apr. 27, 1949, and is the oldest Order of the Republic of Korea. On January 16, 1967, there were major changes made to the Order of National Foundation under Presidential Decree #2929.  The name of the Order was shortened from 건국공로훈장 (建國功勞勳章) to 건국훈장 (建國勳章), and all three classes got new names and designs.

Order (distinction)
An order is a visible honour awarded by a sovereign state, monarch, dynastic house or organisation to a person, typically in recognition of individual merit, that often comes with distinctive insignia such as collars, medals, badges, and sashes worn by recipients.

Modern honour systems of state orders and dynastic orders emerged from the culture of  orders of chivalry of the Middle Ages, which in turn emerged from the Catholic religious orders.
CKWE-FM
CKWE-FM is a First Nation community radio station that operates at 103.9 MHz (FM) in Maniwaki, Quebec, Canada.

Owned by the Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg First Nation, the station received CRTC approval in 1986.

Maniwaki
Maniwaki is a town in the province of Quebec, Canada. It is situated 130 kilometres (81 mi) north of Ottawa, Ontario, on the Gatineau River, at the crossroads of Route 105 and Route 107, near Route 117 (Trans-Canada Highway). The town is the administrative centre for La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality.
Jelle Van Damme
Jelle François Maria Van Damme (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈjɛlə vɑn ˈdɑmə]; born 10 October 1983) is a Belgian retired professional footballer who played as a centre-back, left-back or left midfielder. He played for clubs in Belgium, England, Germany, the Netherlands and the United States. He also earned over 30 caps for the Belgium national team.

Belgian Cup
The Belgian Cup (French: Coupe de Belgique; Dutch: Beker van België; German: Belgischer Fußballpokal) is the main knockout football competition in Belgium, run by the Royal Belgian FA. The competition started in 1908 with provincial selections as the "Belgian Provinces Cup". Starting from 1912 only actual clubs were allowed to partake. As of 1964, the Belgian Cup has been organised annually. Since the 2015–16 edition, the Belgian Cup is called the Croky Cup, for sponsorship purposes. The final traditionally takes place at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels.

The most successful cup club is Club Brugge with 12 Belgian Cups in their possession. The current champions are Club Brugge, having beaten rivals Anderlecht 2–1 in the 2025 final. The winners are awarded a challenge cup and qualify for the UEFA Europa League and the Belgian Supercup.
Timeline of human vaccines
This is a timeline of the development of prophylactic human vaccines. Early vaccines may be listed by the first year of development or testing, but later entries usually show the year the vaccine finished trials and became available on the market. Although vaccines exist for the diseases listed below, only smallpox has been eliminated worldwide. The other vaccine-preventable illnesses continue to cause millions of deaths each year.

Vaccine-preventable disease
A vaccine-preventable disease is an infectious disease for which an effective preventive vaccine exists. If a person acquires a vaccine-preventable disease and dies from it, the death is considered a vaccine-preventable death.

The most common and serious vaccine-preventable diseases tracked by the World Health Organization (WHO) are: diphtheria, Haemophilus influenzae serotype b infection, hepatitis B, measles, meningitis, mumps, pertussis, poliomyelitis, rubella, tetanus, tuberculosis, and yellow fever. The WHO reports licensed vaccines being available to prevent, or contribute to the prevention and control of, 31 vaccine-preventable infections.
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry
The School of Medicine and Dentistry (SMD) is an accredited medical school and school for advanced dental education, with graduate education programs in biomedical, biological and health sciences. The facilities of the school are located in the URMC complex and the adjoining Arthur Kornberg Medical Research Building with research facilities. Dental education and patient facilities are located within the URMC complex and the Eastman Institute for Oral Health.

George Whipple
George Hoyt Whipple (August 28, 1878 – February 1, 1976) was an American physician, pathologist, biomedical researcher, and medical school educator and administrator. Whipple shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1934 with George Richards Minot and William Parry Murphy "for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anemia". This makes Whipple the first of several Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of Rochester.
Roderick Wells
Roderick John Wells (born 17 November 1936) is an English Anglican priest, who was Archdeacon of Stow in the Diocese of Lincoln from 1989 to 2001.

Wells was an Insurance clerk from 1953 to 1955; a Radar Mechanic in the RAF from 1955 to 1957; and an Assistant Master at Chester Choir School from 1957 to 1959. He then completed a BA at Durham University and a MA at the University of Hull. After a curacy at St Mary-at-Lambeth from, 1965 to 1971; Rector of Skegness from 1971 to 1978; Team Rector of Grimsby from 1978 to 1989; Area Dean of Cleethorpes from 1983 to 1989; Archdeacon of Stow from, 1989 to 2001, and of Lindsey from 1994 to 2001.

Rural dean
In the Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion as well as some Lutheran denominations, a rural dean is a member of clergy who presides over a "rural deanery" (often referred to as a deanery); "ruridecanal" is the corresponding adjective.

The adjective rural does not mean the role is restricted to the countryside, but distinguishes them from the deans of cathedral chapters, which were historically in cities. In some Church of England dioceses rural deans have been formally renamed as area deans.
A Postcognitive Negation
A Postcognitive Negation: The Sadomasochistic Dialectic of American Psychology is a book written by Matthew Giobbi. It was published in 2010 by Atropos Press in New York City. The text was edited by Wolfgang Schirmacher.

Wolfgang Schirmacher
Wolfgang Schirmacher (born 1944) is a German philosopher, editor and educator in the field of philosophy, art and critical thought. He was the Founding Dean of the Media and Communications division at the European Graduate School, where he now is a full professor and holder of the Arthur Schopenhauer Chair of Philosophy. He has edited several journals and written books, as well as developed curricula in philosophical disciplines at major universities.
Patrick Muglia
Patrick Muglia (born November 23, 1962, in La Rochelle, France) is an Olympic sailor, world champion, Pan-am gold medalist, and College national champion. He has sailed since age 11, with sailors such as America's Cup and Olympic medalists Dennis Conner, Mark Reynolds, John Kostecki and John Shadden.

Muglia was awarded the O'Leary Trophy in 1981, when he won the Snipe world championship as a crew of Jeff Lenhart, and the Commodore Charles E. Heinzerling Trophy in 1985. In the Snipe class, he also won the 1983 Pan American Games. He became US national team race and overall college champion with the USC Trojans in 1985.

In the 1988 Olympic Games, Muglia sailed with Pete Melvin in the Tornado class.

Melvin was also the lead designer of Team New Zealand's AC72 catamaran sailed in the 2013 America's Cup in San Francisco.

Tornado (sailboat)
The Tornado is a double handed multihull class recognised as an International Class by the International Sailing Federation. It was used for the Catamaran discipline at the Olympic Games from 1976 to 2008.
Amy Foxx-Orenstein
Amy Foxx-Orenstein, D.O., FACG is an American gastroenterologist. She is an associate professor of medicine at the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine a former president of the American College of Gastroenterology (2007–2008).

Dr. Foxx-Orenstein is a fellow of the American College of Physicians as well as a fellow of the American College of Gastroenterology. She attended medical school at Des Moines University in Des Moines, Iowa. She completed internal medicine residency training at Geisinger Health System in Pennsylvania and gastroenterology fellowship at Virginia Commonwealth University Health System.

Dr. Foxx-Orenstein is the author of numerous scholarly articles on gastroenterology.

Geisinger Health System
Geisinger Health System (GHS) is a regional health care provider to central, south-central and northeastern Pennsylvania. Headquartered in Danville, Pennsylvania, Geisinger services over 3 million patients in 45 counties. Geisinger operates ten hospitals, a medical school, and Life Flight, an air ambulance service.

On March 31, 2024, Geisinger was acquired by Risant Health, with Geisinger continuing to operate under its own name.
Estadio Campeón del Siglo
Estadio Campeón del Siglo is a football stadium located in Bañados de Carrasco, Montevideo, Uruguay, and the home ground of Peñarol, who plays in the First Division. It has a maximum capacity of 40,000.

Pablo Bengoechea
Pablo Javier Bengoechea Dutra (born 27 June 1965) is a Uruguayan former professional footballer, who is currently a manager. A midfielder of exquisite technique, he played for several clubs in Uruguay and Spain. He was the captain of the club C.A. Peñarol and the Uruguay national team. He also played at the 1990 World Cup. He is known by the nicknames of "the Professor" and "the Ten".

Honours 
Copa america :1987 and 1995
Zaw Myint Maung
Zaw Myint Maung (Burmese: ဇော်မြင့်မောင်; 11 December 1951 – 7 October 2024) was a Burmese politician, physician and political prisoner who served as Chief Minister of Mandalay Region and Mandalay Region MP for Amarapura Township.

Amarapura District
Amarapura District (Burmese: အမရပူရ ခရိုင်) is the district of Mandalay Region, Myanmar. Partly included under Mandalay City Development Committee and Mandalay. Its principal town is Amarapura. Amarapura District has only one township. So, Amarapura District is also Amarapura Township.
Forget the Night Ahead
Forget the Night Ahead is the second studio album by Scottish indie rock band The Twilight Sad, released by FatCat Records on 22 September 2009 in the US, and on 5 October 2009 in the UK. The album was produced by guitarist Andy MacFarlane and recorded and mixed by Paul Savage at Chem19 Studios in Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, Scotland. The album features the singles "I Became a Prostitute", "Seven Years of Letters", and "The Room".

The album is the last to feature bassist Craig Orzel, who subsequently left the band in early 2010. The recording sessions for Forget the Night Ahead also yielded the EP The Wrong Car, which followed the album in September 2010.

Hamilton, South Lanarkshire
Hamilton (Scots: Hamiltoun; Scottish Gaelic: Baile Hamaltan [ˈpalə ˈhaməl̪ˠt̪ʰan]) is a large town in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It serves as the main administrative centre of the South Lanarkshire council area. It sits 10 miles (16 km) south-east of Glasgow, 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Edinburgh and 74 miles (120 km) north of Carlisle. It is situated on the south bank of the River Clyde at its confluence with the Avon Water. Hamilton is the county town of the historic county of Lanarkshire and is the location of the headquarters of the modern local authority of South Lanarkshire.

The town itself has a population of around 55,000, which makes it the 9th largest locality in Scotland, and anchors a defined settlement of 84,000 (including neighbouring Blantyre, Bothwell and Uddingston) which is the country's 8th largest.
Gerung of Meissen
Gerung (died 20 November 1170) was bishop of Meissen from 1152 to 1170, and previously abbot of Posa or Bosau Abbey.

His time as bishop is particularly remembered for the treaty which he agreed in 1154 with the immigrant Flemish settlers in Kühren. Also during Gerung's time in office Vladislaus II, Duke of Bohemia, because of border disputes with the Margravate of Meissen, overran the territory of the bishopric and caused much destruction, for which when he became king he compensated the bishop.

In 1160 Gerung took part with other bishops in an Imperial Diet in Erfurt, to discuss the suppression of the revolt in Milan against Emperor Frederick I. In 1163 he sat in judgment with the Emperor on the murderers of Archbishop Arnold of Selenhofen in Mainz, with serious consequences for the city, which suffered the loss of several important rights.

Gerung fell ill during a visit to Petersberg Abbey and died there. His body was transported for burial to Meissen Cathedral.

Arnold of Selenhofen
Arnold of Selenhofen (c. 1095/1100 – 24 June 1160) was the archbishop of Mainz from 1153 to his assassination in the Benedictine abbey St. Jakob, where he took shelter from the raging crowd.

He was born to a wealthy Mainz family. He studied at the University of Paris and became the treasurer of the archdiocese of Mainz, then provost of the cathedral. Conrad III made him archchancellor of Germany in 1151 and Frederick Barbarossa made him archbishop in 1153.

His administration of justice was unforgiving. While he was away in Italy working for the recognition of the Antipope Victor IV in 1159, the leading citizens rebelled. When he returned, he was murdered in front of the monastery of St. Jakob. He was buried in the church of St. Maria ad gradus (St. Mary of the Steps).
Rożdżały, Łódź Voivodeship
Rożdżały [rɔʐˈd͡ʐawɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Warta, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) east of Warta, 16 km (10 mi) north of Sieradz, and 46 km (29 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Sieradz
Sieradz [ˈɕɛrat͡s] ⓘ (Latin: Siradia) is a city on the Warta river in central Poland with 40,891 inhabitants (2021). It is the seat of the Sieradz County, situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. Sieradz is a capital of the historical Sieradz Land.

Sieradz is one of the oldest cities in Poland. It was an important city of medieval Poland, thrice being a location for the election of the Polish monarchs. Polish Kings chaired six assemblies from here. Historically, it was the capital of the Duchy of Sieradz (1263-1339), Sieradz Voivodeship (1339–1793), and Sieradz Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is located on the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok.
SystemSpecs
SystemSpecs is a Nigerian computer software company based in Lagos.

The company develops software solutions for payments, financial services, payroll, and public sector systems in Nigeria and parts of Africa.

In 2024, SystemSpecs introduced a new corporate identity and restructured its operations into four business units: infrastructure and payment gateway; applications and vertical markets; human capital solutions and services; and public sector and special projects.

Human capital
Human capital or human assets is a concept used by economists to designate personal attributes considered useful in the production process. It encompasses employee knowledge, skills, know-how, good health, and education. Human capital has a substantial impact on individual earnings. Research indicates that investments in human capital generate high economic returns throughout childhood and young adulthood.

Companies can invest in human capital; for example, through education and training, improving levels of quality and production.
Forever Endeavour
Forever Endeavour is the 13th studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Ron Sexsmith. It was published in February 2013 under Cooking Vinyl Records, and produced by Mitchell Froom.

The album won the Juno Award for Adult Alternative Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2014.

Juno Award for Adult Alternative Album of the Year
The Juno Award for Adult Alternative Album of the Year, administered by Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (CARAS), has been awarded since 2005 to recognize the best album in the adult alternative genre by a Canadian artist.
Cambodia at the 2025 Asian Winter Games
Cambodia competed at the 2025 Asian Winter Games in Harbin, China, from February 7 to 14. A tropical nation, Cambodia made its Asian Winter Games debut in this edition. Snowboarder Panhasith Pisey was the country's opening ceremony flagbearer.

Asian Winter Games
The Asian Winter Games (AWG) is an international multi-sport event held every four years for members of the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) featuring winter events. The Japanese Olympic Committee first suggested creating a winter version of the Asian Games in 1982. Their efforts were rewarded when they received hosting rights for the first edition, held in Sapporo in 1986, as the city had the infrastructure and expertise gained from hosting of the 1972 Winter Olympics.

From having only seven OCA member nations participate in the first edition, the number of competing nations in the Winter Asiad has grown consistently. In the 2007 Asian Winter Games in Changchun, 27 out of the 45 members fielded a record number of competitors, while all 45 National Olympic Committees sent delegations for the first time in AWG history.

Although games were considered for Lebanon in 2009, they were ultimately cancelled. The next edition is scheduled to be held in Almaty, Kazakhstan.
2016–17 Guinée Championnat National
The 2016–17 Guinée Championnat National season was the 50th edition of top level of Guinée Championnat National football competition under the authority of Guinean Football Federation in Guinea. It began on 16 December 2016 and concluded on 8 June 2017.

Horoya AC successfully defended its 2016 title and pursued its 2017 title.

Guinean Football Federation
The Guinean Football Federation (French: Fédération Guinéenne de Football, FGF) is the governing body of football in Guinea. It was founded in 1959, affiliated to FIFA and to CAF in 1962. It organizes the national football league and the national team, which has never qualified for the World Cup.