hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Galactosamine-6 sulfatase
N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the GALNS gene.

This gene encodes N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase, which is a lysosomal exohydrolase required for the degradation of the glycosaminoglycans keratan sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate. Sequence alterations including point, missense and nonsense mutations, as well as those that affect splicing, result in a deficiency of this enzyme. Deficiencies of this enzyme lead to Morquio A syndrome, a lysosomal storage disorder.

Glycosaminoglycan
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) or mucopolysaccharides are long, linear polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharide units (i.e., two-sugar units). The repeating two-sugar unit consists of a uronic sugar and an amino sugar, except in the case of the sulfated glycosaminoglycan keratan, where, in place of the uronic sugar there is a galactose unit. GAGs are found in vertebrates, invertebrates and bacteria.
Because GAGs are highly polar molecules and attract water; the body uses them as lubricants or shock absorbers.

Mucopolysaccharidoses are a group of metabolic disorders in which abnormal accumulations of glycosaminoglycans occur due to enzyme deficiencies.
Goethals Monument
The Goethals Monument in a monument in Panama City, Panama. It was constructed in honor of George Washington Goethals, the chief engineer of the Panama Canal and United States Army General. He also was the State Engineer of New Jersey and the Acting Quartermaster General of the United States Army in World War I.

It was designed by Alfred P. Shaw of Chicago and was built by the Martinz de Panamá construction company.

The monument is a white Vermont marble construction and was revealed to the public on March 31, 1954. Its central high part symbolizes the Continental Divide and the piles on the sides represent the Canal locks, from which the waters of Gatun Lake reach the oceans.

Continental Divide of the Americas
The Continental Divide of the Americas (also known as the Great Divide, the Western Divide or simply the Continental Divide; Spanish: Divisoria continental de América, Gran Divisoria) is the principal, and largely mountainous, hydrological divide of the Americas. The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan, and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from those river systems that drain into the Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and Hudson Bay.

Although there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas, the Continental Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes, at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions.
Gyanendra Malla
Gyanendra Malla (Nepali: ज्ञानेन्द्र मल्‍ल; born 16 September 1990) is a Nepalese politician, cricket coach and former captain of the Nepal national cricket team, currently serving as head coach of Nepal A team. He was a right-handed batsman and an occasional wicket-keeper. He made his debut against Namibia in March 2006. He was one of the cricketers who played in Nepal's first One Day International (ODI) match, against the Netherlands, in August 2018.

Malla became the seventh Nepalese cricketer to score an international century, when he slammed 114 off 125 balls against Singapore during the 2014 ICC World Cricket League Division Three in October 2014.

Malla has been regarded as a pillar of Nepalese cricket, having been an ever-present member of the national team from 2004 until his retirement in 2023. In January 2026, he officially joined Rastriya Swatantra Party and started his political journey.

2006 Under-19 Cricket World Cup
The 2006 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup was played in Sri Lanka from 2 to 15 February 2006. It was the sixth edition of the Under-19 Cricket World Cup.

The final was played between the defending champion Pakistan and India in Colombo, which Pakistan won by 38 runs, enabling them to become the first back-to-back champions of the tournament.
William Glen (poet)
William Glen (14 November 1789 – December 1826), Scottish poet, born in Glasgow, was for some years in the West Indies. He died in poverty. He wrote several poems, but the only one which has survived is his Jacobite ballad, Wae's me for Prince Charlie.

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Cousin, John William (1910). A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature. London: J. M. Dent & Sons – via Wikisource.

John William Cousin
John William Cousin (1849–1910) was a British writer, editor and biographer. He was one of six children born to William and Anne Ross Cousin, his mother being a noted hymn-writer, in Scotland. A fellow of the Faculty of Actuaries and secretary of the Actuarial Society of Edinburgh, he revised and wrote the introduction for Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's Evangeline in 1907.

However, he is best known as the editor of A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature, a collection of biographical entries on numerous authors and literary figures, originally published in 1910 for J.M. Dent's "Everyman Library" series. The bulk of his work was later used by David Clayton Browning to compile the Everyman's Dictionary of Literary Biography which was released in 1958, and subsequently reprinted during the 1960s and 1970s.
Sri Naina Deviji Assembly constituency
Sri Naina Deviji Assembly constituency is one of the 68 constituencies in the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh a northern state of India. Naina Devi is also part of Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh Lok Sabha constituency.

Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The seat of the Assembly is at Shimla, the capital of the state. There are 68 Members of Legislative Assembly, all directly elected from single-seat constituencies. Its term is 5 years, unless sooner dissolved.
Yang Lian (prince)
Yang Lian (楊璉) (died 940), formally Prince Jing of Hongnong (弘農靖王), was a crown prince of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Wu.  He died not long after his father, Wu's last ruler Yang Pu (Emperor Rui), was forced to yield the throne to the powerful regent Xu Gao (Southern Tang's Emperor Liezu), and it was commonly thought that the death was at the order of the new emperor.

Yang Wu
Wu (吳), also referred to as Huainan (淮南), Hongnong (弘農), Southern Wu (南吳), or Yang Wu (楊吳), was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It existed from 907 to 937 with capital at Jiangdu Municipality (江都; modern-day Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province).

Some historians consider Wu to have begun in 902, when Yang Xingmi was named Prince of Wu by the Tang dynasty. All three rulers of Wu after 907 (when the Tang dynasty collapsed and Zhu Wen established the Later Liang dynasty) were Yang Xingmi's sons. The first ruler Yang Wo was murdered by his ministers Xu Wen and Zhang Hao, and his two brothers after him were effectively puppets dominated by Xu Wen at first, and later Xu Wen's adopted son Xu Zhigao (Li Bian) who in 937 usurped power to establish the Southern Tang dynasty. Yang Pu, the last ruler, was the only one to claim the title of emperor; the other rulers were kings or princes.
Around the World (Daft Punk song)
"Around the World" is a song by French electronic music duo Daft Punk. It was written by the duo and released in April 1997 by Virgin as the second single from their debut studio album, Homework (1997). The song became a major club hit globally and reached number one on the dance charts in Canada, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It also peaked at number one in Iceland and Italy. The song's lyrics solely consist of the words "around the world", repeated on loop for a total of 144 times in the album version. The music video was directed by Michel Gondry and choreographed by Blanca Li. In 2011, NME placed it at number 21 on its list "150 Best Tracks of the Past 15 Years", and in 2025, Billboard magazine ranked it among "The 100 Best Dance Songs of All Time".

Live looping
Live looping is the recording and playback of a piece of music in real-time using either dedicated hardware devices, called loopers or phrase samplers, or software running on a computer with an audio interface. Musicians can loop with either looping software or loop pedals, which are sold for tabletop and floor-based use.
Stanley Beck
Stanley Beck (born June 5, 1936) is an American film producer and actor of the stage, television, and film. As an actor, he is best known for his portrayal of Stanly in the 1969 film John and Mary and Artie Silver in the 1974 film Lenny. He has produced three films during his career, Straight Time (1978), Death Valley (1982), and Man, Woman and Child (1983).

A life member of The Actors Studio, three of Beck's notable stage appearances occurred, in rapid succession, in two Arthur Miller premieres, Incident at Vichy (1964) and After The Fall (1964), as well as the original production of Eugene O'Neill's Marco Millions (1964). Another notable portrayal was that of Ed Busby in the premiere of William Snyder's The Days and Nights of BeeBee Fenstermaker (1962).

William Snyder (playwright)
William Hartwell Snyder, Jr. (August 30, 1929 – March 12, 2008) was an American playwright and a longtime faculty member of the theatre department at the University of Tennessee at Martin. He is best known for his play The Days and Nights of BeeBee Fenstermaker.
French Troops Fording the Magra
French Troops Fording the Magra (French: Les Troupes françaises franchissant la Margra) is an 1847 oil painting by the British artist Clarkson Stanfield. Combining elements of landscape and history painting. It depicts forces of the French Republic crossing the River Magra near Sarzana in 1796 during Napoleon Bonaparte's Italian Campaign of the French Revolutionary Wars.

Stanfield was known for his Romantic landscapes. 
The picture was possibly commissioned by George Egerton, 2nd Earl of Ellesmere. The painting was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1847 at the National Gallery in London. It was subsequently also exhibited at the Salon of 1855 in Paris and at the Manchester Art Treasures Exhibition in 1857. It is today in the collection of the Louvre in Paris, having been acquired  A preparatory oil sketch for the painting is now in the York Art Gallery in England.

Art Treasures Exhibition, Manchester 1857
The Art Treasures of Great Britain was an exhibition of fine art held in Manchester, England, from 5 May to 17 October 1857. It remains the largest art exhibition to be held in the UK, possibly in the world, with over 16,000 works on display. It attracted over 1.3 million visitors in the 142 days it was open, about four times the population of Manchester at that time, many of whom visited on organised railway excursions. Its selection and display of artworks had a formative influence on the public art collections that were then being established in the UK, such as the National Gallery, National Portrait Gallery and the Victoria and Albert Museum.
Akke Kumlien
Akke Kumlien (1884–1949) was a Swedish calligrapher, typographer, graphic designer, type designer, artist etc.

He is the author of the book Bokstav och ande (The Letter and the Spirit) (Stockholm: Norstedt, 1948) and of Kunstneren og bokkunsten.

He is the subject of the book Akke Kumlien, book designer by Bror Zachrisson.

In 2004, an exhibit of his work took place at the National Library of Sweden in Stockholm.

National Library of Sweden
The National Library of Sweden (Swedish: Kungliga biblioteket, KB, meaning "the Royal Library") is Sweden's national library. It collects and preserves all domestic printed and audio-visual materials in Swedish, as well as content with Swedish association published abroad. Being a research library, it also has major collections of literature in other languages.
Culture of Balochistan
The culture of Balochistan (Urdu: بلوچ ثقافت, Balochi: بلۏچی دۏد), or simply Baloch culture, is defined in terms of religious values, Balochi and Brahui language, literature and traditional values of mutual respect. It has its roots in the Balochi, Brahui, Sindhi, and Pashto. Folk music, Balochi handicrafts, drama and Balochi cinema play a significant role in Baloch culture. Quetta, the provincial capital of Balochistan, has several historical monuments such as Pirak, the Chaukhandi tombs and the Quaid-e-Azam Residency.

On 2 March, Balochistan celebrates its culture day every year, where people from different villages gather together to organise various cultural programs. It marks its historical significance across the provincial state. The events include folk music, dance, craft exhibition and other activities.

Chaukhandi tombs
The Chaukhandi tombs (Urdu: چوکنڈی قبرستان; Sindhi: چوڪُنڊي) form an early Islamic cemetery situated in the eastern part of Karachi, Sindh province of Pakistan. The tombs are notable for their elaborate sandstone carvings. The tombs are similar in style to the elaborate tombs at the Makli Necropolis near Thatta, and are built in the funerary architectural style typical of lower Sindh.
Scenen er din
Scenen er din (The stage is yours) is a Danish television show hosted by Bubber. It is the Danish version of former American show Star Search.

The show is the biggest talent show in Denmark and is split into four categories: junior song (8–14 years), dance, entertainment and adult song (from 15 years). Formerly, the entertainment category was known as comedy. It is broadcast by TV 2 and produced by Blu Productions.

Talent show
A talent show or talent contest is an event in which participants perform the arts of singing, dancing, lip-syncing, acting, martial arts, playing an instrument, poetry, comedy or other activities to showcase skills. Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests. In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind. For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.
Lacey Hearn
Lacey Earnest Hearn (March 23, 1881 – October 19, 1969 in Fort Wayne, Indiana) was an American athlete and middle distance runner who competed in the early twentieth century. Individually he specialized in the 1500 Metres, and he won a bronze medal in Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics, held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Hearn's Compatriot James Lightbody took gold. Hearn was also a member of the American distance team which won the silver medal at the 1904 Olympics, competing in the Chicago American team in the 4-mile team race, consisting of James Lightbody, Frank Verner, Hearn, Albert Corey and Sidney Hatch.

Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics
At the 1904 Summer Olympics, twenty-five athletics events were contested. A total of 74 medals (25 gold, 25 silver and 24 bronze) were awarded.

Multi-event competitions, the all-around and triathlon, were introduced, along with a 56-pound weight throw, while the short steeplechase was lengthened slightly from 2500 to 2590 metres, the team race was lengthened from 5000 meters to 4 miles (6,437 m), and the long steeplechase was dropped.

In all, the 25 events featured in 1904 were two more than were held in 1900.

A track was built specifically for the Games on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. The track was a cinder track 1⁄3 mile (536.448m) in length, with one long straightaway.
Zhitnitsa, Plovdiv Province
Zhitnitsa (Bulgarian: Житница, "granary") is a village in central southern Bulgaria, part of Kaloyanovo Municipality, Plovdiv Province. Zhitnitsa is mostly inhabited by Roman Catholic Bulgarians, descendants of medieval Paulicians. It lies 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Plovdiv and 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from the municipal centre Kaloyanovo.

Plovdiv
Plovdiv (Bulgarian: Пловдив, pronounced [ˈpɫɔvdif]) is the second-largest city in Bulgaria and the most populous city in the Bulgarian part of the historic region of Thrace, located 144 km (93 miles) southeast of the capital Sofia. It had a population of 329,489 as of 2024 and 540,000 in its greater metropolitan area. An important economic, transport, cultural, and educational hub of Bulgaria, Plovdiv was the European Capital of Culture in 1999 and 2019, and joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2016.
Blackberry pie
Blackberry pie is a pie composed of blackberry filling, usually in the form of either blackberry jam, actual blackberries themselves, or some combination thereof. Blackberry pie is tart, so it requires more sugar than blueberry pie. Blackberries can be stewed or soaked in water before baking to prevent burning, an issue not presented in preparing blueberry pie.

Blackberry
The blackberry is an edible fruit produced by many species in the genus Rubus in the family Rosaceae, hybrids among these species within the subgenus Rubus, and hybrids between the subgenera Rubus and Idaeobatus. The taxonomy of blackberries has historically been confused because of hybridization and apomixis so that species have often been grouped together and called species aggregates.

Blackberry fruit production is abundant with annual volumes of 20,000 pounds (9,100 kg) per 1 acre (0.40 ha) possible, making this plant commercially attractive.

Rubus armeniacus (Himalayan or Armenian blackberry) is considered a noxious weed and invasive species in many regions of the Pacific Northwest of Canada and the United States, where it grows out of control in urban and suburban parks and woodlands.
Cordia platythyrsa
Cordia platythyrsa or West African cordia is a tall, flowering tree in the family Cordiaceae, native to western and central Africa. Its soft wood is often used for furniture or other carpentry. It is considered "vulnerable" as it is threatened by logging.

Common names include ebe or mukumari (Cameroon, Gabon), omo (Nigeria), and tweneboa (Ghana).

Cordiaceae
Cordiaceae is a family in the flowering plant order Boraginales. It has also been treated as the subfamily Cordioideae of a broadly circumscribed family Boraginaceae s.l., but in 2016 the Boraginales Working Group recommended treating it as the separate family Cordiaceae. This treatment is accepted by World Flora Online as of December 2025, but not by Plants of the World Online which places its genera in Boraginaceae.
2011 Big South Conference baseball tournament
The 2011 Big South Conference baseball tournament was the postseason baseball tournament for the Big South Conference, held from May 24 through 28, 2011, at Gray–Minor Stadium on the campus of the Virginia Military Institute.  The top eight regular season finishers of the ten eligible teams met in the double-elimination tournament. Presbyterian was not eligible for postseason play in any sport until the 2012–2013 academic year due to its transition to Division I.  Top seeded Coastal Carolina won their twelfth championship and earned the conference's automatic bid to the 2011 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

2011 NCAA Division I baseball tournament
The 2011 NCAA Division I baseball tournament began on Friday, June 3, 2011 as part of the 2011 NCAA Division I baseball season.  The 64 team double elimination tournament concluded with the 2011 College World Series in Omaha, Nebraska, on June 29, 2011. This was the first CWS at the new venue, TD Ameritrade Park, after closing Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium, which hosted the series since 1950.

The 64 NCAA Division I college baseball teams were selected out of an eligible 300 teams. Thirty teams were awarded an automatic bid as champions of their conferences, and 34 teams were selected at-large by the NCAA Division I Baseball Committee. The University of South Carolina won their second straight CWS championship after winning the final CWS championship at historic Rosenblatt stadium the previous year.
FMR1-AS1 gene
In molecular biology, FMR1 antisense RNA 1 (FMR1-AS1), also known as ASFMR1 or FMR4, is a long non-coding RNA. The FMR1-AS1 gene overlaps, and is antisense to, the CGG repeat region of the FMR1 gene. Its expression is upregulated in fragile X syndrome premutation carriers, and silenced in patients with fragile X syndrome. FMR1-AS1 has an anti-apoptotic function.

FMR1
FMR1 (Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1) is a human gene that codes for a protein called fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein, or FMRP. This protein, most commonly found in the brain, is essential for normal cognitive development and female reproductive function. Mutations of this gene can lead to fragile X syndrome, intellectual disability, FXPOI (Fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency), autism, FXTAS (Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome), developmental delays and other cognitive deficits.  The FMR1 premutation is associated with a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes that affect more than two million people worldwide.
Arches of Triumph (Novocherkassk)
Arches of Triumph in Novocherkassk (Russian: Триумфальные арки Новочеркасска) are monuments of Russian Classicist architecture. The monumental complex consists of two triumphal arches western and northern, situated respectively in the south-west and north of Novocherkassk. Built in 1817 to commemorate the victory in the Patriotic War of 1812, they symbolize the military contribution of the Don Cossacks in the struggle against Napoleon. The only triumphal gates in Southern Russia are officially declared objects of cultural heritage of federal significance.

Novocherkassk
Novocherkassk (Russian: Новочерка́сск, lit. 'New Cherkassk') is a city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located near the confluence of the Tuzlov and Aksay Rivers, the latter a distributary of the Don River. Novocherkassk is best known as the cultural capital of the Cossacks, and as the official capital of the Don Cossacks. Population:  168,746 (2010 census); 170,822 (2002 census); 187,973 (1989 Soviet census).
Huang Ding
Huang Ding (Chinese: 黃鼎, Wade–Giles: Huang Ting; c. 1650 – 1730) was a Chinese landscape painter and poet active during the Qing dynasty (1644–1912).

Huang was born in Changshu in the Jiangsu province. His style names was 'Zhungu' and his sobriquets were 'Kuangting, Xianpu, and Du Wangke'. Huang's landscapes were painted in the style of Wang Yuanqi, showing great strength through its imagery. He traveled extensively, and the varied destinations appear in many of his paintings.

Sobriquet
A sobriquet (/ˈsoʊ.brɪ.ˌkeɪ, ˌsoʊ.brɪ.ˈkeɪ/ SOH-brih-kay, -⁠KAY) is a descriptive nickname, sometimes assumed, but often given by another. A sobriquet is distinct from a pseudonym in that it is typically a familiar name used in place of a real name without the need for explanation; it may even become more familiar than the original name.

An example is Mohandas Gandhi, who is better known as Mahatma Gandhi ("mahatma" means "great soul" in Sanskrit).

The term sobriquet is equally applicable as a name for a person, group of people, historical event, or place. Well-known places often have sobriquets, such as New York City, often called the "Big Apple", or Rome, the "Eternal City", or Vienna, the "Golden Apple" or Paris the "City of Light".