hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Cusack (judge)
Robert Cusack (c.1516–1570) was an Irish judge of the sixteenth century, who held office as a Baron of the Court of Exchequer (Ireland). He was strongly recommended for the position of Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer, but was passed over for the office, though with a promise of future preferment. His career was cut short by his premature death.

He came from a prominent Anglo-Irish landowning family of the Pale. Although his legitimacy was questionable, as his father denied that he had been lawfully married to his mother, this did not harm his career.

Legitimacy (family law)
Legitimacy, in traditional Western common law, is the status of a child born to parents who are legally married to each other, and of a child conceived before the parents obtain a legal divorce.

Conversely, illegitimacy, also known as bastardy, has been the status of a child born outside marriage, such a child being known as a bastard, a love child, a natural child, or illegitimate. In Scots law, the terms natural son and natural daughter carry the same implications.

The importance of legitimacy has decreased substantially in Western countries since the sexual revolution of the 1960s and 1970s and the declining influence of Christian churches in family and social life.

A 2009 report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicated that in 2007 a substantial proportion of births in Western countries occurred outside marriage.
Adam Hughes (rugby, born 1977)
Adam Hughes (born 1 October 1977) is an English former professional rugby league and rugby union footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. He played representative rugby league (RL) for Wales, and at club level for Milford ARLFC, in Leeds,  the Leeds Rhinos, the Wakefield Trinity (Wildcats), Halifax, the Widnes Vikings, the Leigh Centurions, Oldham, and the Barrow Raiders, as a centre or wing, and club level rugby union (RU) for Leeds Tykes.

Oldham R.L.F.C.
Oldham Rugby League Football Club is a professional rugby league football club based in Oldham, Greater Manchester, England. The club plays home games at Bower Fold in Stalybridge, and compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Oldham have won the League Championship four times, Challenge Cup three times and the Second Division three times.

The clubs traditional home kits are red and white hooped jerseys, navy blue shorts and red socks. They share a local rivalry with Rochdale Hornets, Salford Red Devils and Swinton Lions and cross county rivalries with nearby Huddersfield Giants and Halifax.
Nephelotus
Nephelotus is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:

Nephelotus alboplagiatus Breuning, 1938

Nephelotus aurivillii Ritsema, 1914

Nephelotus conspersus (J. Thomson, 1865)

Nephelotus cristipennis Breuning, 1954

Lamiinae
Lamiinae, commonly called flat-faced longhorns, are a subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae). The subfamily includes over 750 genera, rivaled in diversity within the family only by the subfamily Cerambycinae.
Disconnect (2012 film)
Disconnect is a 2012 American psychological drama film directed by Henry Alex Rubin and written by Andrew Stern. It stars an ensemble cast featuring Jason Bateman, Hope Davis, Frank Grillo, Michael Nyqvist, Paula Patton, Andrea Riseborough, Alexander Skarsgård, Max Thieriot, Colin Ford and Jonah Bobo.

Michael Nyqvist
Rolf Åke Mikael Nyqvist (Swedish: [ˈnŷːkvɪst]; 8 November 1960 – 27 June 2017) was a Swedish actor. Educated at the School of Drama in Malmö, he rose to prominence domestically for playing police officer John Banck in Beck (1997-1998) and for his leading role in the 2002 film Grabben i graven bredvid.

He later received international attention for his role as Mikael Blomkvist in the 2009 film adaptations of Steig Larsson's Millennium series: The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo, The Girl Who Played with Fire and The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest, as well as reprising the role in the accompanying television series. He also notably portrayed antagonists Kurt Hendricks in Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol (2011) and Viggo Tarasov in John Wick (2014). In 2004, he played the leading role in As It Is in Heaven which was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the 77th Academy Awards.
Nishapuri
Nishapuri or Nishaburi (Persian: نیشابوری) is a surname of Iranian origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Hakim al-Nishaburi, Persian scholar (933–1014)

Ghiyās od-Dīn Abul-Fatah Omār ibn Ibrāhīm Khayyām Nishābūrī (1048–1131), Persian poet, mathematician, philosopher and astronomer

Attar Neyshapuri, pen name of Abū Ḥamīd bin Abū Bakr Ibrāhīm (c. 1145 – c. 1221), Persian poet, theoretician of Sufism, and hagiographer

Bi Bi Monajemeh Nishaburi (1203–1280), female Persian mathematician and astronomer

Naziri Nishapuri (c. 1560 – between 1612–1614), Indo-Persian poet

Mirzá Áqá Buzurg-i-Nishapuri (1852–1869), Bahá'í martyr

Bi Bi Monajemeh Nishaburi
Bi Bi Monajemeh Nishaburi (Persian: بی بی منجمه نیشابور) also known as Monajemeh Nishaburi or Bichai Munachchima (1203 – 1280) was a Persian-Tajik poet, mathematician and astronomer. She is chiefly known for her astronomical works. She was born in Nishapur, now in modern Iran.
Clemson Tigers men's soccer
The Clemson Tigers men's soccer team represent Clemson University in the Atlantic Coast Conference of NCAA Division I soccer. The program has won 4 NCAA national championships, 16 Atlantic Coast Conference championships, and hosted 4 Hermann Trophy winners (Bruce Murray in 1987, Wojtek Krakowiak in 1998, Robbie Robinson in 2019, and Ousmane Sylla in 2023).

One Knoxville SC
One Knoxville Sporting Club is an American soccer team based in Knoxville, Tennessee, that competes in USL League One, the third tier of the United States soccer league system. They play their home matches at Covenant Health Park, a multi-use stadium designed for soccer and baseball, alongside the Knoxville Smokies, a minor league baseball team for the Chicago Cubs.
Ålidhem
Ålidhem is a residential area in Umeå, Sweden. About 9,000 people live in Ålidhem, which is located about 3 km outside the city centre. It was built between 1966 and 1973 as a part of the Million Programme and, because of the proximity to the Umeå University campus, many of the buildings are student residences.

Student accommodation
Student accommodation is a building or buildings used to house students, particularly in higher education. These are known by different names around the world, such as halls of residence, residence halls, accommodation blocks (particularly within residential colleges) or student hostels. Student accommodation may be managed by educational institutions, religious bodies or other charities, student associations, private companies, or agencies of local or national governments.
Self-portrait (van Dyck, New York)
The Self-portrait is an oil on canvas painting by the Flemish artist Anthony van Dyck. It is held at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, in New York. The work depicts its creator during his early twenties.

Flemish people
Flemish people or Flemings (Dutch: Vlamingen [ˈvlaːmɪŋə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flamands) are one of three Belgian main ethnic groups native to Flanders, Belgium, who speak Flemish Dutch. Flemish people make up the majority of Belgians, at about 60%.

Flemish was historically a geographical term, as all inhabitants of the medieval County of Flanders in modern-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands were referred to as "Flemings" irrespective of their ethnicity or language. The contemporary region of Flanders comprises a part of this historical county, as well as parts of the medieval Duchy of Brabant and the medieval County of Loon, where the modern national identity and culture gradually formed.
Computational topology
Algorithmic topology, or computational topology, is a subfield of topology with an overlap with areas of computer science, in particular, computational geometry and computational complexity theory.

A primary concern of algorithmic topology, as its name suggests, is to develop efficient algorithms for solving problems that arise naturally in fields such as computational geometry, graphics, robotics, social science, structural biology, and chemistry, using methods from computable topology.

Fundamental group
In the mathematical  field of algebraic topology, the fundamental group of a topological space is the group of the equivalence classes under homotopy of the loops contained in the space. It records information about the basic shape, or holes, of the topological space. The fundamental group is the first and simplest homotopy group. The fundamental group is a homotopy invariant—topological spaces that are homotopy equivalent (or the stronger case of homeomorphic) have isomorphic fundamental groups. The fundamental group of a topological space  is denoted by .
Litke Strait
Litke Strait (Russian: Пролив Литке, Proliv Litke) is a strait in the Karaginsky Gulf in the Bering Sea, located off the northeastern coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula, in Kamchatka Krai of the Russian Far East. It separates the Karaginsky Island from the peninsula's mainland.

The strait is named after explorer Fyodor Petrovich Litke.

Strait
A strait is a water body connecting two seas or water basins. The surface water is, for the most part, at the same elevation on both sides and can flow through the strait in either direction, although the topography generally constricts the flow somewhat. In some straits, there is a dominant directional current. Most commonly, the strait is a narrow channel that lies between two land masses. Straits are loci for sediment accumulation, with sand-sized deposits usually occurring on the two strait exits, forming subaqueous fans or deltas. Some straits are not navigable because they are too narrow, too shallow, or due to the presence of a reef or archipelago.
Manoj Parab
Tukaram Bharat "Manoj" Parab (born 18 August 1985) is an Indian politician, former geologist, and activist who serves as the party chief and president of the Revolutionary Goans Party (RGP), a non-governmental organization he founded in March 2017, which received recognition as a political party from the Election Commission of India in 2022.

Prior to forming the NGO, Parab joined the Aam Aadmi Party as a member before the 2017 Goa Legislative Assembly election. He subsequently left to form the Revolutionary Goans on 3 March 2017, along with seven founding members, including Viresh Borkar and Vishwesh Naik, whom he had met during his involvement with the Aam Aadmi Party.

Goans
Goans (Romi Konkani: Goenkar, Portuguese: Goeses) is the demonym used to describe the people native to Goa, India, formerly part of Portuguese India (Estado Português da Índia). They form an ethno-linguistic group resulting from the assimilation of Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Indo-Portuguese, Austro-Asiatic ethnic and/or linguistic ancestries. They speak different dialects of the Konkani language, collectively known as Goan Konkani. "Goanese", although sometimes used, is an incorrect term for Goans.
Community Weeklies
Community Weeklies Inc., based in Woburn, Massachusetts, United States, founded three weekly newspapers in the suburbs north of Boston before being bought by Fidelity Investments in 1994 and dissolved into Community Newspaper Company two years later.

The company was founded by developer William S. Cummings of Winchester, the largest property owner in Woburn, to compete with the Daily Times Chronicle and a supposedly "anti-business" local political scene.

Stoneham, Massachusetts
Stoneham (/ˈstoʊnəm/ STO-nəm) is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, nine miles (14 km) north of downtown Boston. Its population was 23,244 at the 2020 census. Its proximity to major highways and public transportation offers convenient access to Boston and the North Shore coastal region and beaches of Massachusetts. The town is the birthplace of the Olympic figure-skating medalist Nancy Kerrigan and is the location of the Stone Zoo.
Emuruangogolak
Emuruangogolak is an active shield volcano straddling the Gregory Rift in Kenya, in Eastern Africa. It has a 3.5-by-5.0-kilometre (2.2 mi × 3.1 mi) caldera on its summit. The last known eruption was a trachyte flow which occurred in 1910. Steam vents and fumarolic activity continues from fissures within the caldera and along the flanks of the volcano. Several maar lakes exist in the rift valley adjacent to the volcano.  The volcano's summit is at an elevation of 1,285 metres (4,216 ft), and its formation is calculated to have been 38,000 years ago.

Trachyte
Trachyte (/ˈtreɪkaɪt, ˈtræk-/) is an extrusive igneous rock composed mostly of alkali feldspar. It is usually light-colored and aphanitic (fine-grained), with minor amounts of mafic minerals, and is formed by the rapid cooling of lava (or shallow intrusions) enriched with silica and alkali metals. It is the volcanic equivalent of syenite.

Trachyte is common wherever alkali magma is erupted, including in late stages of ocean island volcanism and in continental rift valleys, above mantle plumes, and in areas of back-arc extension. Trachyte has also been found in Gale crater on Mars.

Trachyte has been used as decorative building stone and was extensively used as dimension stone in the Roman Empire and the Republic of Venice.
Vampire Secrets
Vampire Secrets is a 2006 docudrama about the mythology and lifestyle of vampires, produced by Indigo Films for the History Channel, and narrated by Corey Burton.

The documentary features the history of vampires from Indian (Hindu goddess Kali), Greek, and Chinese origins, and references to the Bible and ancient Mesopotamia.

Corey Burton
Corey Gregg Weinberg, better known as Corey Burton, is an American voice actor. He is best known for various roles such as Captain Hook, Dale, Ludwig Von Drake, Yen Sid, and Zipper for The Walt Disney Company. His other roles include Shockwave and Megatron in the Transformers franchise, Brainiac in various media, Count Dooku and Cad Bane in the Star Wars franchise, V.V. Argost on The Secret Saturdays, Jaga on the 2011 reboot of ThunderCats and Dracula on Avengers Assemble.

In video games, he voices Zeus in the God of War series, Hugo Strange in Batman: Arkham City and Nitros Oxide in Crash Team Racing Nitro Fueled.
Inaria
Inaria is an Ediacaran fossil. It is found in the Chace Range in Australia, and the White Sea area in Russia.

It has radial symmetry and has been described as a tentacle-less cnidarian. The organism had a sac-like body that resembled a cluster of garlic or conical flask in shape, with a broad bulbous base embedded in the mud, and a tube extending above the sea floor. The body cavity of Inaria was a single chamber with the inner surface of the body wall forming deep invaginations that partitioned the cavernous stomach into several septa. In its deep environment it seems that it was the only species.

Inaria was found in lower shoreface muds.

Australia Post issued a 50 cent stamp featuring Inaria on 21 April 2005 in a series entitled Creatures of the slime.

One species known as Inaria karli was named by Jim Gehling in 1988.

Erlenmeyer flask
An Erlenmeyer flask, also known as a cone flask (British English) or a titration flask, is a type of laboratory flask with a flat bottom, a conical body, and a cylindrical neck. It is named after the German chemist Emil Erlenmeyer (1825–1909), who invented it in 1860.

Erlenmeyer flasks have wide bases and narrow necks. They may be graduated, and often have spots of ground glass or enamel where they can be labeled with a pencil. It differs from the beaker in its tapered body and narrow neck. Depending on the application, they may be constructed from glass or plastic, in a wide range of volumes.

The mouth of the Erlenmeyer flask may have a beaded lip that can be stoppered or covered. Alternatively, the neck may be fitted with ground glass or other connector for use with more specialized stoppers or attachment to other apparatus. A Büchner flask is a common design modification  for filtration under vacuum.
H. Arthur Brown
Hine Arthur Brown or H. Arthur Brown (c. 1906 – May 27, 1992) was an American orchestral conductor.  He was born c. 1906 and studied music at Juilliard and the American Conservatory at Fontainebleau. He was conductor at the El Paso Symphony Orchestra, Louisville Symphony Orchestra, Tulsa Philharmonic Orchestra, and Austrian Symphony Orchestra. With the latter orchestra, he made numerous recordings.

Louisville Orchestra
The Louisville Orchestra is the primary orchestra in Louisville, Kentucky. It was founded in 1937 by Robert Whitney (1904–1986). The Louisville Orchestra employs salaried musicians, and offers a wide variety of concert series to the community, including classical programs featuring international guest artists, pops performances, and education and family concerts. In 1942 the orchestra adopted the name of the former Louisville Philharmonic Society (founded in 1866), which it kept until 1977 before reverting to its original name. The orchestra is the resident performing group for the Louisville Ballet and the Kentucky Opera, and presents several concerts across the Kentucky/Indiana area.

The orchestra performs its concerts at Whitney Hall (named for its founder) in the Kentucky Center for the Arts and The Brown Theatre. The current music director of the Louisville Orchestra is Teddy Abrams, who began his tenure in 2014.
Amanita sinicoflava
Amanita sinicoflava, the mandarin yellow ringless amanita, is an edible species of fungus in the large genus Amanita.

Fruitbodies have yellow-olivaceous or olive-tan caps that measure 2.5–7 centimetres (1–3 inches) in diameter. There are grooves on the cap margin that extend about 40% of the distance from the margin to the apex. The spores are spherical or nearly so, typically measuring 9.1 to 12.2 micrometres (0.36 to 0.48 mils) by 8.4 to 11.5 μm (0.33 to 0.45 mils). The white stipe is ornamented with slightly darker fibrils, and there are sac-like remnants of the volva at the stipe base. The specific epithet sinicoflava means "Chinese-yellow", referring to the cap color.

Found in North America, the fungus was described as new to science in 1998 by mycologist Rodham Tulloss. The type collections were made in Sussex County, New Jersey. The mushroom grows in  sandy soil under Quercus, Pinus rigida, Acer rubrum, Quercus alba, and Quercus velutina.

Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma (pl. basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles.
Old All Saints Church, Nuneham Courtenay
Old All Saints Church, or Harcourt Chapel, is a redundant Church of England church near the village of Nuneham Courtenay, Oxfordshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust. The church is southwest of the village, in the grounds of Nuneham House overlooking the River Thames, some 6 miles (10 km) southeast of Oxford.

Nuneham House
Nuneham House is an eighteenth century villa in the Palladian style, set in parkland at Nuneham Courtenay in Oxfordshire, England. It is currently owned by Oxford University and is used as a retreat centre by the Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual University. In September 2016 the house and a thousand acres of surrounding parkland and farmland, including the village of Nuneham Courtenay, were put up for sale in three separate lots for a total of £22 million.
Beach volleyball at the 2011 Pan American Games – Women's tournament
The women's tournament competition of the beach volleyball events at the 2011 Pan American Games will take place between 16 and 21 of October at the Pan American Beach Volleyball Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Juliana Felisberta & Larissa França of Brazil.

Each of the 16 pairs in the tournament was placed in one of four groups of four teams apiece, and played a round-robin within that pool. The top two teams in each pool advanced to the Quarterfinals. The third along with the fourth-placed teams in each group, were eliminated.

The 8 teams that advanced to the elimination rounds played a single-elimination tournament with a bronze medal match between the semifinal losers.

Juliana Silva
Juliana Felisberta da Silva (born 22 July 1983) is a Brazilian female beach volleyball player who won the silver medal in the women's beach team competition at the 2005 Beach Volleyball World Championships in Berlin, Germany and the 2009 Beach Volleyball World Championships in Stavanger, Norway, partnering with Larissa França. At the 2011 Beach Volleyball World Championships, they won the gold medal.  At the 2012 Summer Olympics, they won the bronze medal.
Johan Edvind Pettersen
Johan Edvind Pettersen (5 April 1887 – 24 June 1964) was a Norwegian politician.

He was born in Sarpsborg to Peter Johansen Sande and Karoline Olavesen. He was elected representative to the Storting for the periods 1931–1933, 1934–1936 and 1937–1945, for the Labour Party. He was a member of the municipal council of Sarpsborg from 1919 to 1940.

Sarpsborg
Sarpsborg (pronounced [ˈsɑ̀ʂbɔr] or [ˈsɑ̀rpsbɔrɡ]), historically Borg, is a city and municipality in Østfold county, Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Sarpsborg.

Sarpsborg is part of the fifth largest urban area in Norway when paired with neighbouring Fredrikstad. As of 1 January 2018, according to Statistics Norway these two municipalities have a total population of 136,127 with  55,840 in Sarpsborg and 81,278 in Fredrikstad.

Statistics for 2021, say that the city has a population where 19% of the children belong to families that have "low-income in the long-term"; that is the highest level for a city (in Norway); the national level is 11.3%.
Trondhjems Elektricitetsværk og Sporvei
Trondhjems Elektricitetsværk og Sporvei was a municipally owned power company and tram operator in Trondheim, Norway between 1901 and 1936 when the company was split in Trondheim Energiverk (TEV) and Trondheim Sporvei. The company was founded on November 4, 1901, to build a hydro electric power plant at Øvre Leirfoss and the Trondheim Tramway that replaced the old horse omnibus service from 1893.

Through the company the tramway in Trondheim was expanded to Elgeseter with Elgeseterlinjen in 1913 and to Trondheim Central Station. The company was organised as a municipal agency. Today both the successors of the company are owned by the Government of Norway with TEV being a subsidiary of Statkraft while Trondheim Sporvei now is part of Team Trafikk, a subsidiary of Nettbuss.

Vy Buss
Vy Buss, formerly branded as Nettbuss, is the largest bus company in Norway, owned by Vy. It was established on 10 February 2000 as the continuation of the bus operations from former NSB Biltrafikk. In addition to bus services in major parts of Norway, it also operates buses in Sweden through subsidiaries.

The company has its headquarters in Oslo with the operations being performed by subsidiaries. The company has about 25% market share in Norway and offers local and express bus services, and tour coaches through Peer Gynt Tours. The corporation has approximately 5,000 employees.

Most of the routes are on contract or public service obligation (PSO) with the counties, and in some counties the buses are branded with the counties public transport brands, like Ruter in Akershus and Kolumbus in Rogaland. On some regional high-frequency routes Nettbuss uses its own brand TIMEkspressen (the hourly express).