hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tinirau clackae
Tinirau is an extinct genus of sarcopterygian fish from the Middle Devonian of Nevada. Although it spent its entire life in the ocean, Tinirau is a stem tetrapod close to the ancestry of land-living vertebrates in the crown group Tetrapoda. Relative to more well-known stem tetrapods, Tinirau is more closely related to Tetrapoda than is Eusthenopteron, but further from Tetrapoda than is Panderichthys. The type and only species of Tinirau is T. clackae, named in 2012.

Middle Devonian
In the geological timescale, the Middle Devonian epoch (from 393.47 ± 0.99 million years ago to 382.31 ± 1.36 million years ago) occurred during the Devonian period, after the end of the Emsian age.

The Middle Devonian epoch is subdivided into two stages: Eifelian and Givetian.
2017 Gambian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in The Gambia on 6 April 2017. They were first parliamentary elections since the inauguration of president Adama Barrow and the ECOWAS military intervention and saw a landslide victory for the United Democratic Party, which won 31 of the 53 seats.

President of the Gambia
The president of the Republic of the Gambia is the head of state and head of government of the Gambia. The president leads the executive branch of the government of the Gambia and is the commander-in-chief of the Gambia Armed Forces. The post was created in 1970, when the Gambia became a republic and has been held by three people: Dawda Jawara, who ruled from 1970 until 1994, Yahya Jammeh, who seized power in a bloodless coup that year and Adama Barrow, who defeated Jammeh in elections held in December 2016.

As of 2021, there are no term limits for the president in the Constitution of the Gambia.
Yambuya
Yambuya is a community in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the Aruwimi River, roughly due north of Yangambi. The river is navigable as far as Yambuya, but is blocked by cataracts further upstream.

Yambuya was made a base for the Emin Pasha Relief Expedition of 1886 to 1889, when an expedition led by Henry Morton Stanley went cross-country to the relief of Emin Pasha, General Charles Gordon's besieged governor of Equatoria, threatened by Mahdist forces.

Relief expedition troops landing at Yambuya

Rapids of Yambuya. - Aruwimi (1889)

Emin Pasha
Mehmed Emin Pasha (born Isaak Eduard Schnitzer, baptized Eduard Carl Oscar Theodor Schnitzer; March 28, 1840 – October 23, 1892) was an Ottoman physician of German Jewish origin, naturalist, and governor of the Egyptian province of Equatoria on the upper Nile. The Ottoman Empire conferred the title "Pasha" on him in 1886, and thereafter he was referred to as "Emin Pasha".
Demographics of Metro Vancouver
The demographics of Metro Vancouver indicate a multicultural and multiracial region. Metro Vancouver is a metropolitan area, with its major urban centre being Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The Vancouver census metropolitan area, as defined by Statistics Canada, encompasses roughly the same territory as the Metro Vancouver Regional District, a regional district in British Columbia. The regional district includes 23 local authorities. Figures provided here are for the Vancouver census metropolitan area and not for the City of Vancouver.

Coquitlam
Coquitlam (/koʊˈkwɪtləm/ ⓘ koh-KWIT-ləm) is a city in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada. Mainly suburban, Coquitlam is the sixth-largest city in the province, with an estimated population of 174,248 in 2024, and one of the 21 municipalities comprising Metro Vancouver. The mayor is Richard Stewart.
Norman Thicknesse
Christianity portal

(Francis) Norman Thicknesse (b Deane, Lancashire 9 Aug. 1858 - d St Albans 13 April 1946) was Archdeacon of Middlesex, from 1930  until 1933.

Of a Lancashire landed gentry family, the son of a bishop he was educated at Winchester and BNC. He held incumbencies in Limehouse, Northampton and Hornsey. He was Rector of St George's, Hanover Square from 1911 to 1933; and Rural Dean of Westminster from 1912 to 1927.

His son was Cuthbert Thicknesse, Dean of St Albans from 1936 to 1955.

Dean of St Albans
The Dean of St Albans is the head of the Chapter of St Albans Cathedral in the city of St Albans, England, in the Diocese of St Albans. As the Dean of St Albans is also the Rector of St Albans, with parochial responsibilities for the largest parish in the Church of England, it is regarded as one of the most senior Deaneries in the United Kingdom.

The Chapter and Dean of St Albans was founded and constituted by Letters patent in February 1900. The first incumbent was Walter Lawrance and the incumbent is Jo Kelly-Moore.
Alicyclobacillus cycloheptanicus
Alicyclobacillus cycloheptanicus is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, bacterium. The bacteria are acidophilic and produce endospores. It was first isolated from soil. The species was originally classified as Bacillus cycloheptanicus in 1987, but further 16S rRNA studies found that the species belonged in the newly created genus Alicyclobacillus. The species name refers ω-cycloheptane fatty acids in the cell membrane.

A. cycloheptanicus was among the first three species reclassified from the genus Bacillus to the newly created Alicyclobacillus in 1992, along with A. acidocaldarius and A. acidoterrestris.

The optimum growth temperature for A. cycloheptanicus is 48 °C, and can grow in the 40-53 °C range. The optimum pH is 3.5-4.5, and can grow in pH 3.0-5.5.

16S ribosomal RNA
16S ribosomal RNA (or 16S rRNA) is the RNA component of the 30S subunit of a prokaryotic ribosome (SSU rRNA). It binds to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and provides most of the SSU structure.

The genes coding for it are referred to as 16S rRNA genes and are used in reconstructing phylogenies, due to the slow rates of evolution of this region of the gene. Carl Woese and George E. Fox were two of the people who pioneered the use of 16S rRNA in phylogenetics in 1977. Multiple sequences of the 16S rRNA gene can exist within a single bacterium.
Litharge
Litharge (from Greek lithargyros, lithos 'stone' + argyros 'silver' λιθάργυρος) is one of the natural mineral forms of lead(II) oxide, PbO. Litharge is a secondary mineral which forms from the oxidation of galena ores. It forms as coatings and encrustations with internal tetragonal crystal structure. It is dimorphous with the yellow orthorhombic form massicot. It forms soft (Mohs hardness of 2), red, greasy-appearing crusts with a very high specific gravity of 9.14–9.35.  PbO may be prepared by heating lead metal in air at approximately 600 °C (lead melts at only 300 °C). At this temperature it is also the end product of heating of other lead oxides in air.  This is often done with a set of bellows pumping air over molten lead and causing the oxidized product to slip or fall off the top into a receptacle, where it quickly solidifies in minute scales.

PbO2 –(293 °C)→ Pb12O19 –(351 °C)→ Pb12O17 –(375 °C)→ Pb3O4 –(605 °C)→ PbO

Orthorhombic crystal system
In crystallography, the orthorhombic crystal system is one of the seven crystal systems. Orthorhombic lattices result from stretching a cubic lattice along two of its orthogonal pairs by two different factors, resulting in a rectangular prism with a rectangular base (a by b) and height (c), such that a, b, and c are distinct. All three bases intersect at 90° angles, so the three lattice vectors remain mutually orthogonal.
Coppage v. Kansas
Coppage v. Kansas, 236 U.S. 1 (1915), was a Supreme Court of the United States case based on United States labor law that allowed employers to implement contracts—called yellow-dog contracts—which forbade employees from joining unions.

The case was decided in the era prior to the Great Depression, when the Supreme Court invalidated laws that imposed restrictions on contracts, especially those of employment. The liberty of contract became viewed as a fundamental right that could be abridged only in extreme circumstances; abridgments violate the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Freedom of contract
Freedom of contract is the principle according to which individuals and groups may form contracts without government restrictions. This is opposed to government regulations such as minimum-wage laws, competition laws, economic sanctions, restrictions on price fixing, or restrictions on contracting with undocumented workers. Freedom to contract underpins laissez-faire economics and is a cornerstone of free-market libertarianism. The proponents of the concept believe that through "freedom of contract", individuals possess a general freedom to choose with whom to contract, whether to contract or not, and on which terms to contract.
Sasmaka Manor
Sasmaka Manor (Latvian: Sasmakas muižas pils, German: Gutshaus Saßmacken) is a manor house located in a park near Lake Sasmaka west coast, near Valdemārpils, Talsi municipality, in the historical region of Courland, western Latvia.

Courland
Courland is one of the Historical Latvian Lands in western Latvia. Courland's largest city is Liepāja, which is the third largest city in Latvia.

The literal meaning of the name is "Land of Curonians".
Johannes Alabi
Johannes Alabi (also Arabi)(c. 1743–1820) was granman of the Saramaccans, a Maroon people in Suriname. He was of Yoruba West African descent.

Alabi was born around 1743 in Munyawoyokiiki in Boven Suriname. His father would later become granman (paramount chief) of the tribe. In 1767 his father was killed by the Matawai, and he swore to revenge his father's death. In September 1767, elders of the tribe persuaded to bury the hatchet, because he could become the next granman. He came into contact with missionaries of the Moravian Church who taught him to read and write, and he aided them with the development of a Saramaccan-German dictionary. On 6 January 1771, he was christened. In 1783, he was elected granman of his tribe. He died in 1820.

Matawai people
The Matawai (also Matuariërs) are a tribe of Surinamese Maroons. The Matawai were originally part of the Saramaka, and signed a peace agreement with the Dutch colonists in 1762. The tribe split from the Saramaka, and in 1769, they were recognized as a separate tribe.
Lark (train)
The Lark was an overnight passenger train of the Southern Pacific Company on the 470-mile (760 km) run between San Francisco and Los Angeles. It became a streamliner in 1941 and was discontinued on April 8, 1968. The Lark ran along the same route as the Coast Daylight and was often pulled by a locomotive wearing the famous Daylight paint scheme of orange, red, and black.

EMD E7
The E7 is a 2,000-horsepower (1,500 kW), A1A-A1A passenger train locomotive built by General Motors' Electro-Motive Division of La Grange, Illinois. 428 cab versions, or E7As, were built from February 1945 to April 1949; 82 booster E7Bs were built from March 1945 to July 1948. (Circa 1953 one more E7A was built by the Los Angeles General Shops of the Southern Pacific by rebuilding an E2A.) The 2,000 hp came from two 12 cylinder model 567A engines. Each engine drove its own electrical generator to power the two traction motors on one truck. The E7 was the eighth model in a line of passenger diesels of similar design known as EMD E-units, and it became the best selling E model upon its introduction.

In profile the front of the nose of an E7A was less slanted than on earlier EMD passenger locomotives, and the E7, E8, and E9 units have been nicknamed “bulldog nose” units. Some earlier units were called “shovel nose” units or “slant nose” units.
Eastern Force
Eastern Force was a component in 1916, of the British Empire's Egyptian Expeditionary Force which took part in the early Sinai campaign of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign in the First World War.

Commanded by the Canadian Lieutenant-General Charles Macpherson Dobell, it included a mobile arm called the Desert Column, the ANZAC Mounted Division, the Imperial Mounted Division and the 53rd (Welsh) Division under command. Other units assigned were the Imperial Camel Corps Brigade, the 52nd (Lowland) Division and the 54th (East Anglian) Division.

53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division
The 53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division was an infantry division of the British Army that fought in both the First and Second World Wars. Originally raised in 1908 as the Welsh Division, part of the Territorial Force (TF), the division saw service in First World War, being designated 53rd (Welsh) Division in mid-1915, and fought in the Gallipoli Campaign and in the Middle East. Remaining active in the Territorial Army (TA) during the interwar period as a peacetime formation, the division again saw action in Second World War, fighting in North-western Europe from June 1944 until May 1945.

The 53rd Division was temporarily disbanded at the end of the war, but was reactivated in 1947 when the Territorial Army was reformed and reorganised. In 1968 the division was finally deactivated, but its 160th Brigade remains in service today. As the name suggests, the division recruited mainly in Wales, but also in Herefordshire, Shropshire and Cheshire.
HARDtalk
HARDtalk is a BBC television and radio programme which was broadcast on the British and international feeds of the BBC News channel, and on the BBC World Service, from 31 March 1997 to 26 March 2025.

Broadcast times and days vary, depending on broadcasting platform and geographic location. HARDtalk is also available on BBC iPlayer in the UK only and as a podcast via BBC Sounds.

On 15 October 2024, the BBC announced that as part of a series of cuts to its news department, HARDtalk would no longer be broadcast, along with the tech review show Click. Host Stephen Sackur said the news was "depressing" [for the future of in-depth interviews that] "hold to account those who all too often avoid accountability in their own countries". The programme aired its final episode on television on 26 March 2025 while its last radio episode was aired two days later on 28 March. The radio version was succeeded by a similar programme titled The Interview.

Location
In geography, location or place is used to denote a region (point, line, or area) on Earth's surface. The term location generally implies a higher degree of certainty than place, the latter often indicating an entity with an ambiguous boundary, relying more on human or social attributes of place identity and sense of place than on geometry. A populated place is called a settlement.
Teston Crossing Halt railway station
Teston Crossing Halt was situated on what is now the Medway Valley Line, south of Maidstone, in Kent, and served Teston and West Farleigh. It opened on 1 September 1909 and closed on 2 November 1959.

The site of Teston Crossing Halt – between East Farleigh and Wateringbury, is about 200 yards (180 m) from the mediaeval Teston Bridge taking foot and road passengers across the river, one of only four such bridges between Maidstone and Paddock Wood. The station was demolished after closure leaving no trace of its existence.

Teston
Teston /ˈtiːstən/ ⓘ  or /ˈtiːsən/ ⓘ  is a is a village and civil parish in the Maidstone District of Kent, England. It is located on the A26 road out of Maidstone, four miles (6.4 km) from Maidstone town centre. There is a narrow stone bridge over the River Medway here.
Harri Porten
Harri Porten (born 1972) is  a software engineer. Porten, a KDE developer and former Trolltech employee, is the CEO of Froglogic, a consultancy company related to Qt development. He lives in Hamburg, Germany.

Porten originally wrote the KJS JavaScript engine for Konqueror, the KDE project's file manager and web browser. KJS was eventually used by Apple as the basis for JavaScriptCore. He also contributed to the development of KPPP, the KDE project's Internet dialer.

Porten took part  in the development of Qt, a GUI toolkit used by Windows, macOS, and X11 developers.

His company Froglogic is known for Squish, a professional cross-platform automated GUI testing framework for applications written using Qt.

Squish (Froglogic)
Squish, is a commercial cross-platform GUI and regression testing tool that can test applications based on a variety of graphical user interface (GUI) technologies (see list below), across desktop, mobile, web and embedded platforms. Tests are typically scripted in languages such as Python, JavaScript, Ruby or Perl and can be executed across different operating systems without modification.

Distinctive features of Squish include object-based recognition, wide cross-platform support as well as capabilities for behavior-driven development (BDD).

Squish was initially developed by Froglogic in 2003. On April 13, 2021, the Qt Group acquired froglogic GmbH. Since then, Squish and the other froglogic products (Testcenter and CoCo) have been further developed and distributed by the Qt Group's Quality Assurance business unit.
Buddha Nullah
Buddha Nullah or Buddha Nala (Punjabi: ਬੁੱਢਾ ਨਾਲ਼ਾ) is a seasonal water stream or nullah, which runs through the Malwa region of Punjab, India, and after passing through highly populated Ludhiana district, Punjab, India, it drains into Sutlej River, a tributary of the Indus River. Today, it has also become a major source of pollution in the region as well the main Sutlej river, as it gets polluted after entering the highly populated and industrialized Ludhiana city, turning it into an open drain. Also, since large area in south-western Punjab solely depend on the canal water for irrigation, and water from Buddha Nullah enters various canals after Harike waterworks near Firozpur, thus affecting far-reaching areas such as Malout, Zira, upper Lambi, while the areas being fed by Sirhind feeder, are the most-affected by its pollution.

Balbir Singh Seechewal
Balbir Singh Seechewal (born 2 February 1962) is an Indian environmentalist and politician. He is a  Nirmala Sikh and has been particularly recognised for his role in organising a cleanup campaign of the Kali Bein rivulet, an important site in Sikh history. He is a member of the Rajya Sabha for Punjab, representing the Aam Aadmi Party.
The Highlands (Seattle)
The Highlands is a gated community founded in 1907 adjacent to Seattle, Washington's Broadview neighborhood, 12 mi (19 km) north of Downtown Seattle. In 1995 The Highlands became part of the city of Shoreline.

The neighborhood has been the home to the Boeing, Nordstrom, Pigott and Stimson families. Access to the community is through a security gate which is west of North 145th Street and Greenwood Avenue North.

John A. McCone
John Alexander McCone (January 4, 1902 – February 14, 1991) was an American businessman and government official who served as Director of Central Intelligence from 1961 to 1965, during the height of the Cold War.
Nee (surname)
Nee or Née is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ashley Nee (born 1989), American slalom canoeist

Chris Nee, creator of Doc McStuffins

Danny Nee, basketball coach

Frédéric Née (born 1975), French football striker

George H. Nee, American Medal of Honor recipient

Luis Née (fl. 1789–1794), Franco-Spanish botanist

Watchman Nee (1903–1972), Chinese Christian leader

Danny Nee
Daniel Hugh Nee (born June 18, 1945) is an American basketball coach.  He served as the head men's basketball coach at Ohio University from 1980 to 1986, the University of Nebraska–Lincoln from 1986 to 2000, Robert Morris University in 2000–01, Duquesne University from 2001 to 2006, and the United States Merchant Marine Academy from 2010 to 2014, compiling a career college basketball coaching record of 461–433.
Jesse Wallin
Jesse Wallin (born March 10, 1978) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played in 49 career National Hockey League games for the Detroit Red Wings.  He was born in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, but was raised and played his minor hockey in North Battleford, Saskatchewan.  He was the General Manager and Head Coach of the Red Deer Rebels of the Western Hockey League (WHL) for five seasons, and is currently an amateur scout for the Detroit Red Wings.

North Battleford
North Battleford is a city in west-central Saskatchewan, Canada. It is the seventh largest city in the province and is directly across the North Saskatchewan River from the town of Battleford. Together, the two communities are known as "The Battlefords".

North Battleford and the greater Battlefords area are a notable stop along the Yellowhead Highway, part of the Trans-Canada system, and serve as a commercial and cultural hub for west- and north-central Saskatchewan. Together, the Battlefords are served by the Yellowhead Highway as well as Highway 4, Highway 26, Highway 29, and Highway 40.

Battlefords Provincial Park is 40 kilometres (25 mi) north on Highway 4.
Jay McNamar
Jay McNamar (born February 12, 1947) is a Minnesota politician and former member of the Minnesota House of Representatives. A member of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL), he represented District 12A in western Minnesota during the 88th session of the Minnesota legislature.

Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is a political party in the U.S. state of Minnesota affiliated with the national Democratic Party. The party was formed by a merger between the Minnesota Democratic Party and the Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party in 1944. The DFL is one of two state Democratic Party affiliates with a different name from that of the national party, the other being the neighboring North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party.

The DFL controls four of Minnesota's eight United States House of Representatives seats, both of its United States Senate seats, the Minnesota Senate, and all other statewide offices, including the Governor of Minnesota, making it the dominant party in the state. In the Minnesota House of Representatives, it has a power-sharing agreement with its main political rival, the Republican Party of Minnesota, following a tie in the 2024 Minnesota House of Representatives election.
Allium platycaule
Allium platycaule is a species of wild onion known as broadstemmed onion or flat-stem onion. It is native to northeastern California, south-central Oregon (Lake County) and northwestern Nevada (Washoe and Humboldt Counties). It is found on slopes of elevations of 1500–2500 m.

Allium platycaule grows from a gray bulb 2 to 3 cm (3⁄4 to 1+1⁄4 in) wide. Scape is thin and strongly flattened, up to 25 cm (9+3⁄4 in) long but rarely more than 7 mm (1⁄4 in) across. It may be thicker along the midrib and much narrower along the sides. The long, flat leaves are sickle-shaped. Atop the stem is an umbel which may have as many as 90 flowers in it. Each flower may be up to a centimeter and a half wide but the tepals are quite narrow so as to be almost threadlike. The inflorescence therefore may appear be a dense ball of filaments. The flowers are generally bright pink to magenta with yellow anthers.

Washoe County, Nevada
Washoe County (/ˈwɒʃoʊ/) is a county in the U.S. state of Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 486,492, making it Nevada's second-most populous county. Its county seat is Reno. Washoe County is included in the Reno, NV Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The Washoe County landing ship tank was named after this county.
Borno Central senatorial district
The Borno Central senatorial district in Borno State, Nigeria covers the local government areas of Bama, Dikwa, Jere, Kaga, Kala/Balge, Konduga, Mafa, Maiduguri, and Ngala. The senator currently representing the district is Kaka Shehu Lawan, he was elected in 2023 under the platform of the All Progressives Congress, to succeed Vice President Kashim Shettima.

Konduga
KondugaListenⓘ is a community in Borno State, Nigeria and the center of a Local Government Area of the same name about 25 km to the southeast of Maiduguri, situated on the north bank of the Ngadda River. The population of the Konduga Local Government Area is about 13,400. 
It is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Borno Emirate, a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria. The primary languages are Shuwa Arabic, Kanuri, Mafa and Wandala / Malgwa.

It is the birthplace of Senator Kaka Mallam Yale.