hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A History of Vector Analysis
A History of Vector Analysis (1967) is a book on the history of vector analysis by Michael J. Crowe, originally published by the University of Notre Dame Press.
As a scholarly treatment of a reformation in technical communication, the text is a contribution to the history of science. In 2002, Crowe gave a talk summarizing the book, including an entertaining introduction in which he covered its publication history and related the award of a Jean Scott prize of $4000.  Crowe had entered the book in a competition for "a study on the history of complex and hypercomplex numbers" twenty-five years after his book was first published.

University of Notre Dame Press
The University of Notre Dame Press is a university press that is part of the University of Notre Dame in Notre Dame, Indiana, United States. The press was founded in 1949, and claims to be the largest Catholic university press in the world.

The University of Notre Dame Press is currently a member of the Association of University Presses, to which it was admitted in 1959. Domestic distribution for the press is currently provided by the University of North Carolina Press's Longleaf Services.
Your Mother Wouldn't Like It
Your Mother Wouldn't Like It was a children's sketch show broadcast on ITV between 1985 and 1988. A unique aspect of the show was that the performing cast were almost entirely children.

The show was produced by Central Television at their Lenton Lane studios in Nottingham. The children used on the show were part of the Central Junior Television Workshop, an initiative founded by Central Television. The show won a BAFTA award but has never been issued on DVD.

ITV Central
ITV Central, previously known as Central Independent Television, Central ITV, Carlton Central, ITV1 for Central England and commonly referred to as simply Central, is the Independent Television franchisee in the English Midlands. It was created following the restructuring of ATV and officially began broadcasting on 1 January 1982. The service is owned and operated by ITV plc under the licensee of ITV Broadcasting Limited. Historically Central made a major contribution to the ITV network schedule – especially in entertainment and drama – but today its main responsibility is the regional news service.
Swimming at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre breaststroke
The women's 200 metre breaststroke event, included in the swimming competition at the 1964 Summer Olympics, took place on 11–12 October, at the Yoyogi National Gymnasium. In this event, swimmers covered four lengths of the 50-metre (160 ft) Olympic-sized pool employing the breaststroke. It was the ninth appearance of the event, which first appeared at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. A total of 27 competitors from 15 nations participated in the event. Soviet Union's Galina Prozumenshchikova and Svetlana Babanina won their country's first medals in this event, with a gold and bronze medal respectively. 14-year-old Claudia Kolb's silver medal was the United States' second ever medal in this event, after Agnes Geraghty's silver in the inaugural event in 1924. In the heats, Australian Christine Barnetson was disqualified for an incorrect breaststroke, and Hungarian Márta Egerváry withdrew from the competition.

Agnes Geraghty
Agnes Geraghty (November 26, 1907 – March 1, 1974), also known by her married name Agnes McAndrews, was an American competition swimmer who swam for the Women's Swimming Association of New York, and represented the United States at the 1924 and 1928 Summer Olympics.
Damon Jesse Gause
Damon Jesse Gause (June 17, 1915 – March 9, 1944) was an American military officer who served in the United States Army Air Corps. He was captured and escaped from Bataan, then Corregidor. He served with the Ninth Air Force and flew with the Hell Hawks.

27th Special Operations Group
The 27th Special Operations Group is the flying component of the 27th Special Operations Wing, assigned to the Air Force Special Operations Command. The group is stationed at Cannon Air Force Base, New Mexico.

During the Second World War, its predecessor unit, the 27th Bombardment Group fought in the Southwest Pacific Theater and Mediterranean, Middle East and African theatres. Its ground personnel fought as infantry in the 1941–1942 Battle of Bataan with the survivors being forced to march as prisoners in the Bataan Death March. Later, its air echelon was awarded five Distinguished Unit Citations and a Philippine Presidential Unit Citation. The airmen of the 27th were among the most decorated USAAF units of the war.
USS Mercy (AH-8)
The second USS Mercy (AH-8) was a Comfort-class hospital ship laid down under Maritime Commission contract by Consolidated Steel Corporation at the Wilmington Yard, Wilmington, California, on 4 February 1943.  She was acquired by the US Navy from the Maritime Commission on 25 March 1943 and launched the same day, sponsored by Lieutenant (junior grade) Doris M. Yetter, NC, USN, who had been a prisoner of war on Guam in 1941.  She was converted from a cargo ship to a hospital ship by Los Angeles Shipbuilding & Drydock Company, San Pedro, California and commissioned 7 August 1944.

Caroline Islands
The Caroline Islands (or the Carolines) are a widely scattered archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, to the north of New Guinea. Politically, they are divided between the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) in the central and eastern parts of the group, and Palau at the extreme western end. Historically, this area was also called Nuevas Filipinas or New Philippines, because they were part of the Spanish East Indies and were governed from Manila in the Philippines.

The Carolines are scattered across a distance of approximately 3,540 kilometres (2,200 mi; 1,910 nmi), from the westernmost island, Tobi, in Palau, to the easternmost island, Kosrae, a state of the FSM.
25th Screen Awards
The 25th Star Screen Awards ceremony honoured the best Indian Hindi-language films of 2018. The ceremony was held on 27 December 2018 and broadcast in India on Star Plus on 31 December 2018. Actors Vicky Kaushal, Shahid Kapoor and Karan Johar hosted the event. Additionally, Shah Rukh Khan introduced and concluded the awards ceremony.

Raazi led the ceremony with 11 nominations, followed by Andhadhun with 9 nominations and Badhaai Ho, Padmaavat and Stree with 7 nominations each.

Raazi won 6 awards, including Best Actress (for Alia Bhatt), thus becoming the most-awarded film at the ceremony.

StarPlus
StarPlus is an Indian Hindi-language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Reliance Industries, Viacom18 and Disney India. Its programming consists of family dramas, romantic comedies, youth-oriented reality shows, shows on crime and television films.
Jagged Alliance (video game)
Jagged Alliance is a 1995 tactical role-playing game, developed by Madlab Software, and published by Sir-Tech for MS-DOS. The game focuses on players leading a team of mercenaries as they work together to liberate an island, a former nuclear testing site, that provides a remarkable medicinal sap, which a former assistant of a research team seeks to profit from. Players have access to a wide variety of mercenaries and equipment, and must micro-manage security, harvesting, alongside exploring and securing each part of the game's setting.

Jagged Alliance received positive reviews from critics and proved a commercial success, spawning the Jagged Alliance series. The game was re-released in 2008 on GOG.com and in 2010 on GamersGate, both with Windows support, while an adapted version for Nintendo DS was released in 2009.

GamersGate
GamersGate AB (formerly Gamer's Gate) is a Sweden-based online video game store offering electronic strategy guides and games for Windows, macOS, and Linux via direct download. It is a competitor to online video game services such as Steam, GOG.com, and Direct2Drive.

GamersGate sells games for over 250 publishers and developers, including Electronic Arts, Atari, Bethesda Softworks, 2K Games, Ubisoft, SEGA, Capcom, Paradox Interactive and Epic Games as well as smaller independent developers such as 2D Boy, Jonathan Blow and Amanita Design. As of September 2014, there are over 6000 games available through GamersGate.
Trustmark Park
Trustmark Park is a baseball stadium in Pearl, Mississippi. It is the home of the Mississippi Mud Monsters, playing in the Frontier League (FL), and the Belhaven Blazers, a college baseball team in the NCAA Division III Collegiate Conference of the South. It was previously the home of the Mississippi Braves, the Southern League Double-A affiliate of the Atlanta Braves, from 2005 to 2024.

Ballpark
A ballpark, or baseball park, is a type of sports venue where baseball is played. The playing field is divided into two field sections called the infield and the outfield. The infield is an area whose dimensions are rigidly defined in part based on the placement of bases, and the outfield is where dimensions can vary widely from ballpark to ballpark. A larger ballpark may also be called a baseball stadium because it shares characteristics of other stadiums.
Atrytonopsis hianna
Atrytonopsis hianna, the dusted skipper, is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found in the United States from eastern Wyoming, central Colorado, northern New Mexico and central Texas east to New Hampshire and Massachusetts, south to peninsular Florida and the Gulf Coast.

The wingspan is 32–43 mm. There is one generation with adults on from May to June in the north. In the south there are two generations with adults on wing from March to October in Florida.

The larvae feed on Andropogon gerardi and Schizachyrium scoparium.

Skipper (butterfly)
Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilionoidea (the butterflies). They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly lack wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
James Ryan (Irish politician)
James Ryan (6 December 1892 – 25 September 1970) was an Irish medical doctor, revolutionary and politician who served in every Fianna Fáil government from 1932 to 1965, successively as Minister for Agriculture (1932–1947), Health and Social Welfare (1947–1948 and 1951–1954), and Finance (1957–1965). He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for Wexford from 1918 to 1922 and 1923 to 1965, and as senator from 1965 to 1969. He was a member of Sinn Féin until he joined Fianna Fáil upon that party's foundation in 1926.

Wexford (Dáil constituency)
Wexford is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects four deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Red Gaurs
The Red Gaurs (Thai: กระทิงแดง, Krathing Daeng) were an extreme right-wing paramilitary organization active in Thailand during the 1970s. The Red Gaurs played a key role in the 6 October 1976 massacre of students and activists at Thammasat University. The organization derives its name from the gaur (/ɡaʊər/, Bos gaurus), also called the Indian bison, the largest extant bovine. The gaur is native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.

Gaur
The gaur (Bos gaurus; /ɡaʊər/), also known as the Indian bison, is a large bovine native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, and has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1986. The global population was estimated at a maximum of 21,000 mature individuals in 2016, with the majority of those existing in India.
It is the largest species among the wild cattle and the Bovidae.

The domesticated gayal or mithun originated partly from the wild gaur and is most common in the border regions of Northeast India (Assam, Manipur, Nagaland) and Bangladesh with Myanmar and Yunnan, China.
Hymenomycete
Hymenomycetes was formerly the largest taxonomic group of fungi within the division Basidiomycota, but the term is no longer taxonomically relevant. Many familiar fungi belong to this class, including bracket fungi and toadstools. This class contained the orders Agaricales, Boletales, and Russulales.

The erstwhile class, now understood to be a polyphyletic assemblage of basidiomycetes, refers to fungi with fruit bodies whose hymenophore develops in an exposed manner, or only with a veil (velum). These forms are termed gymnocarpic or hemiangiocarpic ontogeny, respectively. A contrasting example of hymenophore development is the puffballs, which undergo gasterocarpic development (hymenophore enclosed).

Agaricales
The Agaricales are an order of fungi in the division Basidiomycota. As originally conceived, the order contained all the agarics (gilled mushrooms), but subsequent research has shown that not all agarics are closely related and some belong in other orders, such as the Russulales and Boletales. Conversely, DNA research has also shown that many non-agarics, including some of the clavarioid fungi (clubs and corals) and gasteroid fungi (puffballs and false truffles) belong within the Agaricales. The order has 46 extant families, more than 400 genera, and over 25,000 described species, along with six extinct genera known only from the fossil record. Species in the Agaricales range from the familiar Agaricus bisporus (cultivated mushroom) and the deadly Amanita virosa (destroying angel) to the coral-like Clavaria zollingeri (violet coral) and bracket-like Fistulina hepatica (beefsteak fungus).
Boa vs. Python
Boa vs. Python is a 2004 science fiction horror film. It was directed by David Flores, from a script by Chase Parker and Sam Wells, and was filmed in Sofia, Bulgaria. In the film, an FBI agent seeks help from a herpetologist and a marine biologist to release a specially bred Boa to hunt a gigantic Python that has been attacking humans. The film is a crossover between Python (2000) and its indirect sequel New Alcatraz (2002, also known as Boa).

Python (genus)
Python is a genus of constricting snakes in the Pythonidae family native to the tropics and subtropics of the Eastern Hemisphere.

The name python was proposed by François Marie Daudin in 1803 for non-venomous flecked snakes.
Currently, 10 python species are recognized as valid taxa.

Three formerly considered python subspecies have been promoted, and a new species recognized.
Songs of Italy
Songs of Italy (Italian: Canzoni di tutta Italia) is a 1955 Italian musical film directed by Domenico Paolella and starring Marco Vicario, Rossana Podestà and Silvana Pampanini.

It was shot in Ferraniacolor. This film was one of several musicarelli directed by Paolella.

Ferrania
FILM Ferrania s.r.l. is a photographic film manufacturing company located in Ferrania (Liguria), Italy. Ferrania was founded in 1923 as a maker of photographic film, papers, and photographic equipment, including cameras. The company was purchased in 1964 by the 3M company to become Ferrania 3M, until it was spun off in 1996 to 3M's Imation division. In 1999, Ferrania was acquired by Schroder Ventures and then spun off as a separate company. Subsequently, it was acquired by a Genoese shipping company, Gruppo Messina (Ignazio Messina & Co. S.p.A.) who ceased photographic activities in 2009.

The company was re-founded in 2013 as FILM Ferrania to build a new film manufacturing base using a small portion of the historic campus.
Nobold
Nobold is a hamlet on the south-western edge of Shrewsbury in Shropshire, England. It is located on the Shrewsbury to Longden road. Nobold boasts Shropshire's oldest natural water well.

Nearby are Meole Brace and Hook-a-Gate villages.

Hook-a-Gate
Hook-a-Gate is a village in Shropshire, England. It is located on the Shrewsbury to Longden road, a little to the south of the A5 Shrewsbury bypass from Shrewsbury itself. Bayston Hill is nearby, though there is no direct vehicular road connecting the two villages, only a track.  It was formerly a stop on the now defunct Shropshire and Montgomeryshire Railway.

The Rea brook flows through the village. The hamlet of Redhill adjoins the village, on the north side of the Rea Brook.

The village is served by one public house - the New Inn. Until 2014, the Mucky Duck (formerly Cygnets) also served as a public house in the village.
Roche Abbey
Roche Abbey is a now-ruined abbey in the civil parish of Maltby, Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England. It is in the valley of Maltby Dyke, known locally as Maltby Beck, and is administered by English Heritage.  It is a scheduled monument and Grade II* listed in the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.

Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England
The Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England provides a listing and classification system for historic parks and gardens similar to that used for listed buildings. The register was set up by Historic England under the provisions of the National Heritage Act 1983. Over 1,600 sites are listed, ranging from the grounds of large stately homes to small domestic gardens, as well other designed landscapes such as town squares, public parks, and cemeteries. The register is published on the National Heritage List for England alongside other national heritage designations.
Razriad
A razriad, or razryad (Russian: разря́д) was a type of military administrative subdivision of the Tsardom of Russia from the 16th to the 17th centuries. Service class people living within razriads were obliged to enter military service and join razriad regiments. Each regiment incorporated several military units, including streltsy, reiters, dragoons, and other types of soldiers. Razriads were governed by the main organ for the administration of the Razriad Prikaz.

Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Moscow, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721.

From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) per year. The period includes the upheavals of the transition from the Rurik to the Romanov dynasties, wars with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian conquest of Siberia, to the reign of Peter the Great, who took power in 1689 and transformed the tsardom into an empire. During the Great Northern War, he implemented substantial reforms and proclaimed the Russian Empire after victory over Sweden in 1721.
Logistic Battalion "Tridentina"
The Logistic Battalion "Tridentina" (Italian: Battaglione Logistico "Tridentina") is an inactive military logistics battalion of the Italian Army, which was assigned to the Alpine Brigade "Tridentina". As an alpine unit the battalion is associated with the army's mountain infantry speciality, the Alpini, with whom the battalion shares the distinctive Cappello Alpino. The battalion's anniversary falls, as for all units of the Italian Army's Transport and Materiel Corps, on 22 May, the anniversary of the Royal Italian Army's first major use of automobiles to transport reinforcements to the Asiago plateau to counter the Austro-Hungarian Asiago Offensive in May 1916.

Battle of Asiago
The Battle of Asiago, also known as Südtirol Offensive or Battle of the Plateaux (in Italian: Battaglia degli Altipiani), wrongly nicknamed Strafexpedition " (German for "punitive expedition"; this name has no reference in official Austrian documentation of the time and it is considered to be of popular origin), began with a major offensive launched on 15 May 1916 by the Austro-Hungarians on the territory of Vicentine Alps in the Italian Front of World War I. It was an "unexpected" attack that took place in the Asiago plateau (province of Vicenza, in northeast Italy, then at the border between the Kingdom of Italy and Austria-Hungary) after the Fifth Battle of the Isonzo (March 1916). The Austro-Hungarian offensive, initially successful, was followed by an Italian counter-offensive reconquering much of the lost ground and Asiago.

Commemorating this battle and the soldiers killed in World War I is the Asiago War Memorial (province of Vicenza, Veneto, northeast Italy).
Marco Mendess
Marco Mendess is an Italian multi-instrumentalist, singer and music producer, who has released a number of band and solo albums since 2005. Born on 10 November 1978 in Caorle, Italy, after his studies at the Liceo Classico in Portogruaro and the experience in the Italian navy, Coast Guard, he left Italy in 2001 and devoted himself entirely to his musical projects living and working in Holland, the United States, Czech Republic and Sweden.

Portogruaro
Portogruaro (Venetian: Porto, Friulian: Puart) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Venice, Veneto, northern Italy. The city was the centre of a district, made up of 11 comuni, which formed the Venezia Orientale with the San Donà di Piave district.
Zhang Yanghao
Zhang Yanghao (traditional Chinese: 張養浩; simplified Chinese: 张养浩; pinyin: Zhāng Yǎnghào; 1270–1329), courtesy name Ximeng, was a Chinese writer from Shandong who lived during the Yuan dynasty and authored prose, poems, as well as songs. He is particularly well known for his Sanqu poetry. Among his works is one of the most frequently anthologized poems of the "meditation on the past" (懷古; 怀古; huáigǔ) genre, a song poem titled "Meditation on the Past at Tong Pass" (潼關懷古; 潼关怀古; Tóngguān Huáigǔ) and set to the tune of "Sheep on Mountain Slope" (Chinese: 山坡羊; pinyin: Shānpō yáng). Besides his work as a writer, Zhang Yanghao also held high government posts and served at one time as head of the Ministry of Rites. His tomb is in Shandong, to the north of the city center of Jinan.

Sanqu
Sanqu (Chinese: 散曲; pinyin: Sǎnqǔ; Wade–Giles: San-ch’ü) is a fixed-rhythm form of Classical Chinese poetry or "literary song". Specifically sanqu is a subtype of the qu formal type of poetry. Sanqu was a notable Chinese poetic form, possibly beginning in the Jin dynasty (1115–1234), but especially associated with the Yuan (1271–1368), Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1644–1912) dynasties. The tonal patterns modeled on tunes drawn from folk songs or other music.
2010 PSA Super Series
The PSA Super Series 2010 is a series of men's squash tournaments which are part of the Professional Squash Association (PSA) World Tour for the 2010 squash season. The PSA Super Series tournaments are some of the most prestigious events on the men's tour. The best-performing players in the Super Series events qualify for the annual 2010 PSA World Series Finals tournament. Nick Matthew and Amr Shabana managed to reach the final of the 2010 PSA World Series Squash Finals, but this year there was no winner, because the venue at the Queens Club arena where the final was due to take place was damaged by gales.

Professional Squash Association
The Professional Squash Association, or simply the PSA, is the governing body for the men's and women's professional squash circuit. The body operates in a similar fashion to the ATP and the WTA for tennis. The PSA's highest professional level, the PSA Squash Tour involves over 250 tournaments annually around the world. Over 1,200 players from five continents and more than 60 countries are registered with the PSA. Rankings are updated weekly based on performances.