hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jonas Lidströmer
Jonas Lidströmer (1755–1808) was a Swedish inventor and officer in the Swedish Navy.
Lidströmer was born in 1755 at Lagfors bruk, Medelpad, and died 1808 in Stockholm. He was a colonel-mecanicus, head of the mechanical state of the Royal Swedish Navy, Royal Inventor and advisor to the king, Knight of the Order of Vasa and eventually knighted Lidströmer (he was previously called Lidström).

Karlskrona
Karlskrona (UK: /ˈkɑːrlskroʊnə/, US: /kɑːrlzˈkruːnə/, Swedish: [kaɭsˈkrûːna] ⓘ) is a locality and the seat of Karlskrona Municipality, Blekinge County, Sweden with a population of 66,675 in 2018. It is also the capital of Blekinge County. Karlskrona is known as Sweden's only baroque city and is host to Sweden's largest naval base and the headquarters of the Swedish Coast Guard.

Historically, the city has been home to a German minority, thus enabling the formation of a German Congregational church. It also counted Jewish people in its population.

In 1998, parts of the city, including the Karlskrona Naval Base, was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Canton of Perthes
The canton of Perthes is a French former administrative division, located in the arrondissement of Melun, in the Seine-et-Marne département (Île-de-France région). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015.

Administrative division
Administrative divisions (also administrative units, administrative regions, subnational entities, or constituent states, as well as many similar generic terms) are geographical areas into which a particular independent sovereign state is divided. Such a unit usually has an administrative authority with the power to take administrative or policy decisions for its area. Administrative divisions are often used as polygons in geospatial analysis.
Inoue Genzaburō
Inoue Genzaburō (井上 源三郎, April 4, 1829 – January 29, 1868) was born in Hino, Tokyo. He was the captain of the sixth unit of the Shinsengumi which were a special police force for the Tokugawa regime. Inoue was the oldest unit captain of the Shinsengumi.

Like his older brother, Inoue Matsugoro, Inoue Genzaburō was also a practitioner of the Tennen Rishin-ryū and mastered all the techniques of the school in 1860.  However, it is a misconception that he lived at the Shieikan. In 1863, he joined the Rōshigumi together with Kondō Isami and other members of the Shieikan.

Inoue Genzaburō was related to Okita Rintarō (Okita Sōji's brother-in-law).

He arrested eight members of the Ishin Shishi during the Ikedaya Affair in 1864.

Inoue died during the Battle of Toba–Fushimi (the first battle of the Boshin War) in January 1868.

Battle of Toba–Fushimi
The Battle of Toba–Fushimi (鳥羽・伏見の戦い, Toba-Fushimi no Tatakai) occurred between pro-Imperial and Tokugawa shogunate forces during the Boshin War in Japan. The battle started on 27 January 1868 (or fourth year of Keiō, first month, 3rd day, according to the lunar calendar), when the forces of the shogunate and the allied forces of Chōshū, Satsuma and Tosa Domains clashed near Fushimi, a town near Kyoto, the sacred capital, and fighting progressed to the Toba road leading to Osaka, with the initial rout of the Satsuma from Fushimi. The battle lasted for four days, ending in a decisive defeat for the shogunate.
Ali Sadeghzadeh
Ali Sadeghzadeh (born 30 November 1978) is an Iranian powerlifter. At the 2012 Summer Paralympics he won bronze medal at the -100 kg category, with 235 kg. He also participated at the 2016 Summer Paralympics, being awarded the bronze medal in the powerlifting competition.

Powerlifting at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Powerlifting at the 2016 Summer Paralympics was held at Riocentro from September, with a maximum of 180 athletes (100 men and 80 women), competing in 20 events. According to the classification rules of the International Federation for Powerlifting athletes which cannot participate in weightlifting events because of a physical impairment affecting their legs or hips are deemed eligible to compete in powerlifting events at the Paralympics.
Grep
grep is a command-line utility for searching text for lines that match a regular expression. Its name comes from the ed command g/re/p (global, regular expression, print), which has the same effect. grep was originally developed for the Unix operating system, and is commonly available on Unix-like and some other systems such as OS-9. The shell command that runs the utility has the same name: grep.

Shell (computing)
An operating system shell is a computer program that provides relatively broad and direct access to the system on which it runs. The term shell refers to how it is a relatively thin layer around an operating system.

Most shells are command-line interface (CLI) programs. Some graphical user interfaces (GUI) also include shells.
Padovan
Padovan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arigo Padovan (1927–2025), Italian cyclist

Fabio Padovan (born 1955), Italian politician

Richard Padovan (born 1935), English architect, writer and translator

Stefano Padovan (born 1994), Italian footballer

Vitomir Padovan, Yugoslav water polo player

Fabio Padovan
Fabio Padovan (born 11 September 1955, in Conegliano) is an Italian entrepreneur and politician.

In the early 1990s Padovan joined Liga Veneta–Lega Nord and was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in the 1992 general election. In early 1994, when Lega Nord entered in alliance with Silvio Berlusconi's Forza Italia, he left in protest the party. Some months later, Padovan founded, along with other Venetist entrepreneurs, the European Federalist Free Entrepreneurs (LIFE), an organization defending the little and medium-sized industries in Veneto.

In 2000 Padovan launched a new Venetist and independentist party called Fronte Marco Polo. In the 2000 regional election the party gained 1.2% in Veneto and no seats. Since then, Padovan was briefly a member of Liga Fronte Veneto and, then, became very close to the Venetian National Party and, finally, Veneto State.
Leslie Howard (musician)
Leslie John Howard (born 29 April 1948) is an Australian pianist, musicologist and composer. He is best known for being the only pianist to have recorded the complete solo piano works of Franz Liszt, a project which included more than 300 premiere recordings.  He has been described by The Guardian as "a master of a tradition of pianism in serious danger of dying out".

Boosey & Hawkes
Boosey & Hawkes is a British music publisher, purported to be the largest specialist classical music publisher in the world. Until 2003, it was also a major manufacturer of brass, string and woodwind musical instruments.

Formed in 1930 through the merger of two well-established British music businesses, Boosey & Hawkes controls the copyright to much major 20th-century music, including works by Leonard Bernstein, Benjamin Britten, Aaron Copland, Sergei Prokofiev, and Igor Stravinsky. It also publishes many prominent contemporary composers, including John Adams, Karl Jenkins, James MacMillan, Mark-Anthony Turnage, and Steve Reich.

With subsidiaries in Berlin and New York, the company also sells sheet music via its online shop.
Nico Williams
Nicholas Williams Arthuer (born 12 July 2002) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a winger for La Liga club Athletic Bilbao and the Spain national team. He is recognised for his speed and dribbling skills.

Joining Athletic Bilbao's youth academy in 2013, he was promoted to the reserve team in 2020 and to the first team a year later, becoming a teammate of elder brother Iñaki Williams, with both winning the 2023–24 Copa del Rey.

Williams debuted for Spain's senior side in 2022. He was a member of their 2022 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2024 squads, scoring and being named man of the match in the final of the latter, as Spain won the tournament.

Dribbling
In sports, dribbling is maneuvering a ball by one player while moving in a given direction, avoiding defenders' attempts to intercept the ball. A successful dribble will bring the ball past defenders legally and create opportunities to score.
Bavia kairali
Bavia kairali is a possible species of jumping spider in the genus Bavia. It is endemic to India. As of July 2023, the species was not accepted by the World Spider Catalog as the name is a nomen nudum.

World Spider Catalog
The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature.

The WSC began as a series of web pages in 2000, created by Norman I. Platnick of the American Museum of Natural History. After his retirement in 2014, the Natural History Museum of Bern took over, converting the catalog to a relational database. As of January 10, 2026, 53,656 species are listed, after an average discovery rate of three new species per day.

The order Araneae has the seventh-most species of all orders. The WSC's existence makes spiders the largest taxon with an online listing that is updated regularly. It has been described as an "exhaustive resource" that has "promoted rigorous scholarship and amplified productivity" in the taxonomy of spiders.
Ireland at the 2026 Winter Olympics
Ireland competed at the 2026 Winter Olympics in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, from 6 to 22 February 2026.

Thomas Maloney Westgård and Anabelle Zurbay were the country's flagbearer during the opening ceremony. Meanwhile, Benjamin Lynch was the country's flagbearer during the closing ceremony.

2026 Winter Olympics closing ceremony
The 2026 Winter Olympics closing ceremony took place on 22 February 2026. It started at 20:30 CET (19:30 UTC) and concluded at 23:00. It was held at the Verona Arena in Verona, Italy.

As mandated by the Olympic Charter, the proceedings combine the protocol-related and cultural segments. It is the first Olympics Games closing ceremony under the IOC presidency of Kirsty Coventry.

The city of Verona was chosen to host the ceremony, even though no events were scheduled to take place there: the intention was for this ceremony to be held in a setting reminiscent of the ancient Olympic Games. The ancient Roman amphitheater, that regularly hosts a famous open-air opera festival as well as other cultural events, will also host the opening ceremony of the 2026 Winter Paralympics on 6 March. The Teatro Filarmonico, an opera theatre in Verona, served as a secondary venue.
Ye Weiqu
Ye Weiqu (simplified Chinese: 叶渭渠; traditional Chinese: 葉渭渠; pinyin: Yè Wèiqú; 6 August 1929 – 11 December 2010) was a Chinese Vietnamese translator and scholar. Ye was a visiting professor at Waseda University, Gakushuin University and Ritsumeikan University.

He was among the first few in China who translated the works of Yasunari Kawabata's into Chinese language.

Gakushuin University
Gakushūin University (学習院大学, Gakushūin Daigaku) is a private university in Mejiro, Toshima, Tokyo.

The Gakushūin ('Peers' School') was established during the Meiji period to educate the children of the Japanese nobility, but at that time the institution had only primary and secondary education departments. The university was established after World War II as tertiary component of the reorganised and privatised Gakushūin School Corporation.

The university is still noted for its royal connections, with most of the members of the present Imperial Family among its alumni.
Pedro Subercaseaux
Pedro León Maximiano María Subercaseaux Errázuriz (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpeðɾo suβeɾkaˈso]; December 10, 1880 – January 3, 1956) was a Chilean painter, son of the painter and diplomat Ramón Subercaseaux Vicuña. He painted many portraits about events from the history of Chile, such as the Crossing of the Andes. He painted portraits of the history of Argentina requested during the Argentina Centennial. He married Elvira Lyon Otaégui in 1907, but the Pope later annulled their marriage so that they could both get into religious orders.

Crossing of the Andes
The Crossing of the Andes (Spanish: Cruce de los Andes) was one of the most important feats in the Argentine and Chilean wars of independence. A combined army of Argentine soldiers and Chilean exiles crossed the Andes mountains, which separate Argentina from Chile, to invade Chile, leading to its liberation from Spanish rule.

Led by General José de San Martín and departing from Mendoza—then part of the Province of Cuyo, Argentina—in January 1817, the successful crossing took 21 days. The army navigated heights averaging 3,000 meters. The feat has been compared to Hannibal's and Napoleon's crossings of the Alps and is considered one of the greatest achievements of its kind in military history.
Operation Toucan (KGB)
Operation TOUCAN was a KGB/DGI public relations and disinformation campaign directed at the military government of Chile led by Augusto Pinochet, particularly the Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional (DINA).  The plot's twofold task was to organize sympathetic human rights activists to pressure the United Nations and generate negative press for the Pinochet regime. According to former KGB officer Vasili Mitrokhin, the plot was originally conceived by Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov. It was approved on August 10, 1976.

Vasili Mitrokhin
Vasili Nikitich Mitrokhin (Russian: Васи́лий Ники́тич Митро́хин, romanized: Vasily Nikitich Mitrokhin; March 3, 1922 – January 23, 2004) was an archivist for the Soviet Union's foreign intelligence service, the First Chief Directorate of the KGB, who defected to the United Kingdom in 1992. Mitrokhin first offered his material to the US' Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in Latvia but they rejected it as possible fakes. After that, he resorted to the UK's MI6 which arranged his defection from Russia. These notes became known as the Mitrokhin Archive.

Mitrokhin was co-author with Christopher Andrew of The Mitrokhin Archive: The KGB in Europe and the West, a massive account of Soviet intelligence operations based on copies of material from the archive. The second volume, The Mitrokhin Archive II: The KGB in the World, was published in 2005, soon after Mitrokhin's death.
Juan Carlos Florián
Juan Carlos Florián Silva (born October 20, 1982) is a Colombian political scientist, activist, human rights defender and politician who has served as Minister of Equality and Equity from 2025 to 2026 under President Gustavo Petro.

Born in Ibagué, Tolima, Florián has been known for his work within the LGBTQ community. In February 2025, he became the first Deputy Minister of Diversity under Minister Carlos Rosero and later became Minister of Equality and Equity in August 2025 following the resignation of Carlos Rosero.

Tolima Department
Tolima (Spanish pronunciation: [toˈlima]) is one of the 32 departments of Colombia, located in the Andean region, in the center-west of the country. It is bordered on the north and the west by the department of Caldas; on the east by the department of Cundinamarca; on the south by the department of Huila, and on the west by the departments of Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Quindío and Risaralda. Tolima has a surface area of 23,562 km2, and its capital is Ibagué. The department of Tolima was created in 1861 from a part of what was previously Cundinamarca.
Cox and Hammond's Quay
Cox & Hammond's Quay was a wharf located in the City of London, on the north bank of the River Thames a short distance downstream from London Bridge. It was originally two separate quays, Cox's Quay (also known as Cox's Key or Cock's Key) and Hammond's Quay, separated by Gaunt's Quay. On the landward side, the wharf was accessed via Lower Thames Street just behind the site of the church of St Botolph Billingsgate.

Wharf
A wharf (pl. wharves or wharfs), quay (/kiː/ kee, also /keɪ, kweɪ/ k(w)ay), staith, or staithe is a structure on the shore of a harbour or on the bank of a river or canal where ships may dock to load and unload cargo or passengers. Such a structure includes one or more berths (mooring locations), and may also include piers, warehouses, or other facilities necessary for handling the ships. Wharves are often considered to be a series of docks at which boats are stationed. A marginal wharf is connected to the shore along its full length.
Phlegmariurus talpiphilus
Phlegmariurus talpiphilus is a species of plant in the family Lycopodiaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Lycopodiaceae
The Lycopodiaceae (class Lycopodiopsida, order Lycopodiales) are an old family of vascular plants, including all of the core clubmosses and firmosses, comprising 17 accepted genera and about 500 known species. This family originated about 380 million years ago in the early Devonian, though the diversity within the family has been much more recent. "Wolf foot" is another common name for this family due to the resemblance of either the roots or branch tips to a wolf's paw.
Indonesian ocellated flounder
The Indonesian ocellated flounder, Psammodiscus ocellatus, is an edible flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy bottoms in the eastern Indian Ocean, particularly Indonesia and northwestern Australia. It can reach 15 centimetres (5.9 in) in length.

Demersal zone
The demersal zone (from Latin demergere, "to sink") is the part of the sea or ocean (or deep lake) consisting of the part of the water column near to (and significantly affected by) the seabed and the benthos. The demersal zone is just above the benthic zone and forms a layer of the larger profundal zone.

Being just above the ocean floor, the demersal zone is variable in depth and can be part of the photic zone where light can penetrate, and photosynthetic organisms grow, or the aphotic zone, which begins between depths of roughly 200 and 1,000 m (700 and 3,300 ft) and extends to the ocean depths, where no light penetrates.
Core-based trees
Core-based trees (CBT) is a proposal for making IP Multicast scalable by constructing a tree of routers.  It was first proposed in a paper by Ballardie, Francis, and Crowcroft.  What differentiates it from other schemes for multicasting is that the routing tree comprises multiple "cores" (also known as "centres").  The locations of the core routers are statically configured.  Other routers are added by growing "branches" of a tree, comprising a chain of routers, from the core routers out towards the routers directly adjacent to the multicast group members.

Tree structure
A tree structure, tree diagram, or tree model is a way of representing the hierarchical nature of a structure in a graphical form. It is named a "tree structure" because the classic representation resembles a tree, although the chart is generally upside down compared to a biological tree, with the "stem" at the top and the "leaves" at the bottom.

A tree structure is conceptual, and appears in several forms. For a discussion of tree structures in specific fields, see Tree (data structure) for computer science; insofar as it relates to graph theory, see  tree (graph theory) or tree (set theory). Other related articles are listed below.
Trexlertown, Pennsylvania
Trexlertown is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Upper Macungie Township in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,382. It is part of the Lehigh Valley, which had a population of 861,899 and was the 68th-most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. as of the 2020 census, and lies between Breinigsville and Wescosville.

The global corporate headquarters of Air Products is located immediately across the Trexlertown's eastern border with Allentown. Lehigh Valley Velodrome, a velodrome for professional and amateur cycling, also is located next to Trexlertown, in Breinigsville.

Velodrome
A velodrome is an arena for track cycling. Modern velodromes feature steeply banked oval tracks, consisting of two 180-degree circular bends connected by two straights. The straights transition to the circular turn through a moderate easement curve.
Bobby Samini
Babak "Bobby" Samini (born October 12, 1970) is an Iranian-American trial attorney and the managing partner of the Samini Firm. He has represented many high-profile clients, including serving as lead counsel to former Los Angeles Clippers owner Donald Sterling in the highly publicized litigation with the National Basketball Association, TMZ, and V. Stiviano. Samini has also represented Grammy Award winning rapper T-Pain and DJ Paul of the Oscar winning hip hop group, Three 6 Mafia.

Three 6 Mafia
Three 6 Mafia is an American hip-hop group from Memphis, Tennessee, formed in 1991. Emerging as a horror-themed underground hip-hop group, they went on to enjoy mainstream success. The group's 1995 debut album Mystic Stylez became an influential cult classic. They have released music on independent labels such as Prophet Entertainment and their own Hypnotize Minds label, as well as Relativity, Loud, and Columbia Records.

Two of their albums are RIAA-certified platinum: When the Smoke Clears: Sixty 6, Sixty 1 (2000) and Most Known Unknown (2005), with the latter featuring their hit single "Stay Fly". In 2006, the group won the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 78th Academy Awards for their song "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp" from the film Hustle & Flow. The group's latest studio album, Last 2 Walk, was released in 2008. Three 6 Mafia's worldwide album sales stand at 5.5 million as of 2016.
Sanezumi Fujimoto
Sanezumi Fujimoto (藤本 真澄, Fujimoto Sanezumi; July 15, 1910 – May 2, 1979) was a Japanese film producer. He served as the head of production for Toho Studios. He was co-producer of Akira Kurosawa's The Hidden Fortress. He also produced many other films, including Yasujirō Ozu's The End of Summer, Kihachi Okamoto's The Sword of Doom and Japan's Longest Day and several films directed by Mikio Naruse.

After co-producing The Hidden Fortress, Fujimoto had the task as Toho's head of production of convincing Kurosawa to form his own production company. He had to convince Kurosawa that his own production company would be to his advantage, even though the main reason Toho wanted Kurosawa to form his own production company was to avoid the risk of cost overruns as had happened on The Hidden Fortress. Fujimoto then became a board member of Kurosawa Productions.

Toho Studios
Toho Studios Co., Ltd. (Japanese: TOHOスタジオ株式会社, Hepburn: Tōhō Sutajio kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese film studio and production company. A subsidiary of Toho Co., Ltd., it was founded in 1971. One of the most successful films produced by Toho Studio is the kaiju film Godzilla Minus One (2023), which generated more than $100 million at the global box office.
The Merry Widow (1952 film)
The Merry Widow is a 1952 American film adaptation of the 1905 operetta of the same name by Franz Lehár. It starred Lana Turner (whose singing voice was dubbed by Trudy Erwin) and Fernando Lamas.

The film received two Oscar nominations: for Best Art Direction - Set Decoration, Color (Cedric Gibbons, Paul Groesse, Edwin B. Willis, Arthur Krams) and Best Costume Design, Color. Paul Francis Webster provided revised lyrics for a greatly abridged score of the operetta conducted by Jay Blackton.

Arthur Krams
Arthur Krams (July 15, 1912 – September 29, 1985) was an American set designer. He first made a name for himself working for MGM on films such as Holiday in Mexico, Easter Parade and The Student Prince in the mid 1940s. Later, he went on to work with Paramount Pictures. While there, he shared an Oscar for The Rose Tattoo (1955). Over his career, Krams would be co-nominated for an Oscar seven more times.
Tambovka, Astrakhan Oblast
Tambovka (Russian: Тамбовка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Tambovsky Selsoviet, Kharabalinsky District, Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. The population was 2,431 as of 2010. There are 31 streets.

Astrakhan Oblast
Astrakhan Oblast (Russian: Астраха́нская о́бласть, romanized: Astrakhanskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southern Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Astrakhan. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,010,073.