hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alfred Sharland
Alfred Percival Sharland (24 October 1890 – 18 July 1944) was an English first-class cricketer and civil servant.

Sharland was born at Croydon. He joined HM Customs and Excise as a customs officer in 1912. He later represented the Civil Service cricket team in its only appearance in first-class cricket against the touring New Zealanders at Chiswick in 1927. Batting twice during the match, he scored 2 runs in the Civil Service first-innings before being dismissed by Matt Henderson, while in their second-innings he was dismissed without scoring by the same bowler. He took one wicket in the New Zealanders first-innings, dismissing Stewie Dempster to finish with figures of 1 for 67.

He died at Locksbottom, Kent in July 1944.

Civil Service cricket team
A Civil Service cricket team made just one appearance in first-class cricket, when they played the touring New Zealanders, who were on their first tour of England, at the Civil Service Sports Ground in Chiswick in 1927. The New Zealanders proved too strong for their hosts, winning by an innings and 15 runs, although the result might have been different had Jackie Mills (104*) and Cyril Allcott (102*) not shared an unbroken stand of 190 for the eighth wicket to allow the New Zealanders to declare at 421/7.

For the Civil Service, the best performer with the bat was Edwin Bennett, who hit 73 and 60, while the best bowling came from Allinson Chapman, playing his one and only first-class match, who claimed 3-73 from his 21 overs. The team was captained by Reginald Collins, the brother of the Australia Test captain Herbie Collins.

The team also played the touring Australians in 1926 and the West Indians in 1928, both matches being of two days' duration and not first-class.
Clean Energy Partnership
Clean Energy Partnership (CEP) is a joint project for world's most versatile hydrogen demonstration. It is aiming for emission-free mobility and has several hydrogen stations.

As of May 2010 the CEP is a consortium of thirteen partners: 
Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe BVG (Berlin transit authority), BMW, Daimler, Ford, GM/Opel, Hamburger Hochbahn (Hamburg transit company), Linde Group, Royal Dutch Shell, Statoil, Total, Toyota, Vattenfall Europe, and Volkswagen Group.

TotalEnergies
TotalEnergies SE is a French multinational integrated energy and petroleum company founded in 1924 and is one of the seven supermajor oil companies. Its businesses cover the entire oil and gas chain, from crude oil and natural gas exploration and production to power generation, transportation, refining, petroleum product marketing, and international crude oil and product trading. TotalEnergies is also a large-scale chemicals manufacturer.

TotalEnergies has its head office in the Tour Total in La Défense district in Courbevoie, west of Paris. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. In the 2023 Forbes Global 2000, TotalEnergies was ranked as the 21st largest company in the world.
Diorama
A diorama is a replica of a scene, typically a three-dimensional model either full-sized or miniature. Sometimes dioramas are enclosed in a glass showcase at a museum. Dioramas are often built by hobbyists as part of related hobbies like military vehicle modeling, miniature figure modeling, or aircraft modeling.

In the United States around 1950 and onward, natural history dioramas in museums became less fashionable, leading to many being removed, dismantled, or destroyed.

Royal United Services Institute
The Royal United Services Institute (RUSI or Rusi) is the world's oldest defence and security think tank, founded in 1831 by the first Duke of Wellington, based in Whitehall, London, United Kingdom. The institution was registered as Royal United Service Institute for Defence and Security Studies and formerly known as the Royal United Services Institute for Defence Studies. The current chair of RUSI is the ninth Duke of Wellington and its director-general is Rachel Ellehuus.
Brunswick Manifesto
The Brunswick Manifesto was a proclamation issued by Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, commander of the Allied army (principally Austrian and Prussian), on 25 July 1792 to the population of Paris during the War of the First Coalition. The manifesto threatened that if the French royal family were harmed, then French civilians would be harmed. It was said to have been a measure intended to intimidate Paris but rather helped further spur the increasingly radical French Revolution and finally led to the war between Revolutionary France and counter-revolutionary monarchies.

Duchy of Brunswick
The Duchy of Brunswick (German: Herzogtum Braunschweig) was a historical German state that ceased to exist in 1918. Its capital was the city of Brunswick (Braunschweig). It was established as the successor state of the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel by the Congress of Vienna in 1815. In the course of the 19th-century history of Germany, the duchy was part of the German Confederation, the North German Confederation and from 1871 the German Empire. It was disestablished after the end of World War I, its territory incorporated into the Weimar Republic as the Free State of Brunswick.
Roberta Pedranzini
Roberta Pedranzini (born 21 August 1971) is an Italian ski mountaineer.

Pedranzini was born in Bormio. She started ski mountaineering in 2000 and competed first in the Giro del Monviso race in 2003. She has been member of the Italian national team since 2004.

Ski mountaineering
Ski mountaineering (abbreviated to skimo) is a skiing discipline that involves climbing mountains either on skis or carrying them, depending on the steepness of the ascent, and then descending on skis. There are two major categories of equipment used: free-heel telemark skis and skis based on alpine skis, where the heel is free for ascents, but is fixed during descent. The discipline may be practiced recreationally or as a competitive sport.

Competitive ski mountaineering is typically a timed racing event that follows an established trail through challenging winter alpine terrain while passing through a series of checkpoints. Racers climb and descend under their own power using backcountry skiing equipment and techniques. More generally, ski mountaineering is an activity that variously combines ski touring, telemark, backcountry skiing, and mountaineering.

Ski mountaineering made its debut as an Olympic Games event in the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Mnesictena
Mnesictena is a genus of snout moths in the subfamily Spilomelinae, where it is placed in the tribe Udeini. The genus was erected by the English entomologist Edward Meyrick in 1884. The currently known seven species are exclusively found on New Zealand and the associated Antipodes Islands and Chatham Islands.

In the past, Mnesictena was included in the genus Udea, but it is currently considered a separate genus.

The caterpillars feed on different plants, with Mnesictena flavidalis being recorded from Muehlenbeckia (Polygonaceae), M. daiclesalis from Veronica macrocarpa (Plantaginaceae), and M. notata as well as M. marmarina from Urtica, the latter also from Australina.

Urtica
Urtica is a genus of flowering plants in the family Urticaceae. Many species have stinging hairs and may be called nettles or stinging nettles (the latter name applying particularly to U. dioica). The generic name Urtica derives from the Latin for 'sting'.

Due to the stinging hairs, Urtica are rarely eaten by herbivores, but provide shelter for insects. The fiber has historically been used by humans, and cooking preparations exist.
Mary Gell
Dr Mary Prowse Gell MB, ChB (16 April 1894 – 1978) was a Manx medical missionary and co-founder of War on Want. She worked at St. Agatha's Hospital, Pingyin, Shandong, China, and later became an associate professor at the University Hospital, Jinan's Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. After World War II, she settled in London and became Secretary to the Medical Missions Department of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel.

Pingyin County
Pingyin County (simplified Chinese: 平阴县; traditional Chinese: 平陰縣; pinyin: Píngyīn Xiàn) is under the administration of Jinan, the capital of Shandong province, People's Republic of China.  The ancient Kingdom of Jibei was located to the northeast of present-day Pingyin County.

Pingyin has an area of 827 square kilometers and a population of 360,000.
Dayton Gems
The Dayton Gems were a minor league ice hockey team based in Dayton, Ohio, and members of the International Hockey League from 1964 to 1977, and 1979–1980.

The Gems were an expansion team assembled from various cast-offs and young players looking for their first break in minor league hockey. The team began play in 1964 in the new Hara Arena.

Dayton was the host for several IHL all-star games due to the large attendance in their 5,500 seat arena. The Gems played exhibition games against the US Olympic team as well as the Oklahoma City Blazers of the Central Hockey League. The team had a few games a season televised locally as well as all games broadcast on the premier AM radio station in town.

Other teams in the league copied the uniform styling of the Gems. The Dayton Gems were the first adult team in North America to make helmets mandatory, long before the NHL adopted them.

Helmet
A helmet is a form of protective gear worn to protect the head. More specifically, a helmet complements the skull in protecting the human brain. Ceremonial or symbolic helmets (e.g., a policeman's helmet in the United Kingdom) without protective function are sometimes worn. Soldiers wear combat helmets, often made from Kevlar or other lightweight synthetic fibers.

The word helmet is derived from helm, an Old English word for a protective head covering.

Helmets are used for numerous sports (e.g., jockeys, American football, ice hockey, cricket, baseball, skiing, hurling and rock climbing); dangerous work activities such as construction, mining, riot police, military aviation, and in transportation (e.g. motorcycle helmets and bicycle helmets). Since the 1990s, most helmets are made from resin or plastic, which may be reinforced with fibers such as aramids.
Beaumont Herald Extraordinary
Beaumont Herald of Arms Extraordinary was an officer of arms extraordinary in England.  Beaumont was a royal herald, but was not a member of the College of Arms. The office was created in 1982 and named after the barony of Beaumont, one of the subsidiary titles of the Earl Marshal, the Duke of Norfolk. The badge of office combines the cross potent of the Kings of Jerusalem from whom the Beaumonts are descended, with the lion and fleur-de-lis charges from the family coat of arms. It is blazoned In front of a Cross Potent a Lion rampant within eight Fleurs-de-lis in orle Or.

Earl Marshal
Earl Marshal (alternatively marschal or marischal) is a hereditary royal officeholder and chivalric title under the sovereign of the United Kingdom used in England (then, following the Act of Union 1800, in the United Kingdom). He is the eighth of the great officers of State in the United Kingdom, ranking beneath the Lord High Constable of England and above the Lord High Admiral.  The dukes of Norfolk have held the office since 1672.

The current earl marshal is Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk, who inherited the position in June 2002. There were formerly an Earl Marshal of Ireland and an Earl Marischal of Scotland.
HD 82741
HD 82741 is a single star in the northern constellation of Lynx. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.81. The distance to HD 82741 is 223 light years, as determined from its annual parallax shift of 14.6 mas. It is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of 1 km/s.

At the age of 2.74 billion years, this is an evolved giant star with a stellar classification of G9.5 IIIb Fe-1, where the suffix notation indicates an underabundance of iron in its atmosphere. It belongs to a sub-category of giants called the red clump, indicating that it is on the horizontal branch and is generating energy through the fusion of helium at its core. With 1.62 times the mass of the Sun, it has expanded to 9 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 58.9 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,809 K.

Red clump
The red clump is a clustering of red giants in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram at around 5,000 K and absolute magnitude (MV) +0.5, slightly hotter than most red-giant-branch stars of the same luminosity.  It is visible as a denser region of the red-giant branch or a bulge towards hotter temperatures.  It is prominent in many galactic open clusters, and it is also noticeable in many intermediate-age globular clusters and in nearby field stars (e.g. the Hipparcos stars).

The red clump giants are cool horizontal branch stars, stars originally similar to the Sun which have undergone a helium flash and are now fusing helium in their cores.
Egypt Run (Pennsylvania)
Egypt Run is a small tributary of the White Clay Creek in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. The stream flows through rural and semi-suburban areas of southern Chester County, draining portions of New Garden Township and London Britain Township before joining White Clay Creek.

The headwaters of Egypt Run are located near the Pennsylvania–Delaware border. The stream flows generally northward through agricultural land, wooded areas, and low-density residential development before reaching its confluence with White Clay Creek in London Britain Township.

Egypt Run is part of the greater White Clay Creek watershed, which has been designated as a component of the National Wild and Scenic River system due to its ecological, scenic, and historical significance. While Egypt Run itself is not individually designated, it contributes to the hydrology and water quality of the protected watershed.

New Garden Township, Pennsylvania
New Garden Township is a township in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States, which was organized in 1714. The population was 11,363 at the 2020 census.

New Garden is the center of the mushroom agribusiness in southeastern Pennsylvania with a higher concentration of composting, mushroom growing, packaging, and shipping businesses than in any other municipality in the area.  It was named for the New Garden Friends' Meeting House, an eighteenth-century brick house of worship of the Religious Society of Friends, within its territorial limits.
Gustav Gottheil
Gustav Gottheil (May 28, 1827, Pinne/Pniewy, Grand Duchy of Posen, Prussia – April 15, 1903, New York City) was a Prussian-born American rabbi.  Gottheil eventually became one of the most influential, well-known and controversial Reform Jewish leaders of his time. He was the father of Richard Gottheil.

Grand Duchy of Posen
The Grand Duchy of Posen (German: Großherzogtum Posen; Polish: Wielkie Księstwo Poznańskie) was part of the Kingdom of Prussia, created from territories annexed by Prussia after the Partitions of Poland, and formally established following the Congress of Vienna in 1815. On 9 February 1849, the Prussian administration renamed the grand duchy the Province of Posen. Its former name was unofficially used afterward for denoting the territory, especially by Poles, and today is used by modern historians to refer to different political entities until 1918. Its capital was Posen (Polish: Poznań). The title of Grand Duke of Posen remained until 1918 to the King of Prussia.
Pala Kastali
Pala Kastali is a village in Block Jawan Sikandarpur, Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is 5 kilometres (3 mi) from Aligarh. The village has most population of Bais Rajput. Pala Kastali's Pin Code is 202122. The nearest railway station is Manzurgarhi; the nearest airport is Agra Airport. The school near the village is Blackdale public school.

Aligarh district
Aligarh district (Hindi pronunciation: [əliːgəɽʱ]) is one of the 75 districts in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. This district is a part of Aligarh Division. The districts which adjoin Aligarh are (clockwise from north) Gautam Buddha Nagar, Bulandshahr, Sambhal, Badaun, Kasganj, Hathras and Mathura.
2010 Medibank International Sydney
The 2010 Medibank International Sydney was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 118th edition of the event known that year as the Medibank International Sydney, and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2010 ATP World Tour, and of the WTA Premier tournaments of the 2010 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events took place at the NSW Tennis Centre in Sydney, Australia, from 10 through 16 January 2010.

Coverage of the event was on Channel Seven, with live coverage of the day sessions and delayed coverage of the night sessions.

2010 WTA Tour
The 2010 WTA Tour or 2010 Sony Ericsson WTA Tour (its sponsored name)  calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5 and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), and the year-end championships (the Commonwealth Bank Tournament of Champions and the WTA Tour Championships). Also included in the 2010 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which does not distribute ranking points and is organized by the ITF.
Democratic Union for the Defense of African Interests
The Democratic Union for the Defense of African Interests (French: Union démocratique de défense des intérêts africains, UDDIA) was a conservative, Francophile political party in the early years of the Republic of the Congo. The UDDIA was founded in 1956 by Fulbert Youlou.

In the territorial election of March 1957, the UDDIA won 21 of 45 seats and Youlou became prime minister of a minority government the next year.

In the 1958 referendum on a new French constitution, the UDDIA supported a "yes" vote.

In the pre-independence election of 1959, the UDDIA won 51 of 61 seats and Youlou formed a coalition government with his rival Jacques Opangault of the African Socialist Movement (MSA).

The Republic of the Congo achieved independence from France on 15 August 1960, and Youlou became president of the new state.

In 1963, after Youlou attempted to make the Congo a one-party state, he was overthrown in the Trois Glorieuses and fled the country; his party was dissolved.

African Socialist Movement
African Socialist Movement (French: Mouvement Socialiste Africain, MSA) was a political party in French West Africa. The MSA was formed following a meeting of the Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière (SFIO) federations of Cameroon, Chad, the French Congo (now the Republic of the Congo and Gabon), French Sudan (now Mali), Guinea, Niger, Oubangui-Chari (now the Central African Republic), and Senegal; the meeting was held in Conakry from 11 to 13 January 1957. At that meeting it was decided that the African federations would break with its French parent organisation and form the MSA.

The first meeting of the leading committee of MSA met from 9 to 10 February in Dakar the same year. Two SFIO delegates attended the session. MSA opted for a federalist solution for French West Africa. On 26 March 1958, the MSA signed a declaration in Paris merging itself into the African Regroupment Party (PRA).
Looting by Russian forces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Since the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the media have been publishing eyewitness accounts of widespread looting by the Russian soldiers deployed in Ukraine. International organizations such as Human Rights Watch, as well as Ukrainian, European and Russian independent media and NGOs document and investigate cases of looting and transportation of stolen personal items and industrial equipment to the territory of Russia and Belarus.

Valuyki, Belgorod Oblast
Valuyki (Russian: Валу́йки) is a town in Belgorod Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Valuy and Oskol Rivers, 150 kilometers (93 mi) east of Belgorod and 15 km north of the Russia–Ukraine border. Population: 33,032 (2021 census); 35,322 (2010 census); 35,790 (2002 census); 34,863 (1989 Soviet census).
Kr00k
Kr00k (also written as KrØØk) is a security vulnerability that allows some WPA2 encrypted WiFi traffic to be decrypted. The vulnerability was originally discovered by security company ESET in 2019 and assigned CVE-2019-15126 on August 17th, 2019. ESET estimates that this vulnerability affects over a billion devices.

Wi-Fi Protected Access
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 (WPA2), and Wi-Fi Protected Access 3 (WPA3)  are the three security certification programs developed after 2000 by the Wi-Fi Alliance to secure wireless computer networks. The Alliance defined these in response to serious weaknesses researchers had found in the previous system, Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP).

WPA (sometimes referred to as the TKIP standard) became available in 2003. The Wi-Fi Alliance intended it as an intermediate measure in anticipation of the availability of the more secure and complex WPA2, which became available in 2004 and is a common shorthand for the full IEEE 802.11i (or IEEE 802.11i-2004) standard.

In January 2018, the Wi-Fi Alliance announced the release of WPA3, which has several security improvements over WPA2.

As of 2023, most computers that connect to a wireless network have support for using WPA, WPA2, or WPA3.
Praia Inhame
Praia Inhame is a beach in the southernmost part of the island of São Tomé in São Tomé and Príncipe. It lies directly east of the southernmost point of the island,  Ponta Homem da Capa, and 2 km southwest of the village Porto Alegre. There is an eco lodge near the beach. The Canal das Rolas separates it from Ilhéu das Rolas.

A new species of snake was found near the beach in 2017. It was named Naja peroescobari, named after the 15th century Portuguese explorer Pêro Escobar.

Canal das Rolas
The Canal das Rolas ("Rolas Channel") is a strait of the Atlantic Ocean separating the small Ilhéu das Rolas (also: Ilhéu Gago Coutinho) from the southernmost point of the island of São Tomé, in São Tomé and Príncipe. It is 1.2 nautical miles (2.2 km; 1.4 mi) wide. There is a ferry departing from Ponta Baleia on São Tomé Island to Ilhéu das Rolas.
Dougie Flockhart
Douglas Flockhart (born 25 November 1984) is a Scottish professional rugby league and rugby union footballer who played in the 2000s and 2020s. He has played representative level rugby league for Scotland, and at club level for the Clyde Buccaneers and the York City Knights, as a wing or centre, and representative level rugby union for Scotland A, at invitational level for Barbarian F.C., and at club level for Currie RFC, Border Reivers, Esher RFC and Doncaster R.F.C., as a wing.

Esher RFC
Esher Rugby Football Club is an English rugby union club based in Surrey, England. Esher currently play in the fourth tier of the English league system, National League 2 East, following their relegation from the 2024–25 National League 1.
Łęki Strzyżowskie
Łęki Strzyżowskie (Polish pronunciation: [ˈwɛŋkʲi stʂɨˈʐɔfskʲɛ]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wojaszówka, within Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

Krosno County, Podkarpackie Voivodeship
Krosno County (Polish: powiat krośnieński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Krosno, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains four towns: Jedlicze, Rymanów, Dukla, and Iwonicz-Zdrój.

The county covers an area of 923.79 square kilometres (356.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 112,301, out of which the population of Jedlicze is 5,736, that of Rymanów is 3,825, that of Dukla is 2,061, that of Iwonicz-Zdrój is 1,787, and the rural population is 98,892.