hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Columbina Rural Service Center
Columbina Rural Service Center is a populated place in Zhombe. It is 95 km northwest of Kwekwe and 67 km southwest of Kadoma.

The Center is near the now defunct Empress Nickel Mine which is about 4 km to the South-west. Blue Gum mine is on the Gokwe side of Ngondoma River yet this place was the original Blue Gum according to all maps before 1980. Blue Gum was right at the Samambwa Zhombe East Road turn-off here at Columbina RSC. Search engines always point to this place as Blue Gum, Zimbabwe. Columbina Rural Service Center is in Mahogo Village,

Zibagwe RDC
18°56′05″S 29°48′28″E﻿ / ﻿18.934792°S 29.807852°E﻿ / -18.934792; 29.807852

Zimbabwe Rural District Council is a rural local government arm in Kwekwe District created under the Rural District Councils Act: Chapter 20.13. It was formed from the amalgamation of the former Kwekwe Rural Council and the Mashambazhou District Council in 1993. An RDC is the administrative equivalent of an urban town council, but for a rural area.
Noel O'Donovan (politician)
Noel O'Donovan is an Irish Fine Gael politician who has been a senator since February 2025 after being nominated by the Taoiseach.

He was a member of Cork County Council for the Skibbereen–West Cork area from June 2024 to February 2025. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Cork South-West constituency at the 2024 general election. He contested the 2025 Seanad election for the Administrative Panel but was not elected.

Administrative Panel
The Administrative Panel is one of five vocational panels which together elect 43 of the 60 members of Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (the legislature of Ireland). The Administrative Panel elects seven senators.
Luciana Curtis
Luciana Curtis (born December 12, 1976) is a Brazilian model.   She was born in São Paulo to a Brazilian mother and an English father.  She has been in advertisements for the likes of: Arden B., Bebe, Bergdorf Goodman, Charlie Miller, Coccinelle, CoverGirl, Harrods, H&M, Victoria's Secret, L'Oréal, and two years contract with Revlon.  She began modeling at age 14.

She is married to photographer Henrique Gendre.

H&M
H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB, commonly known by its brand name H&M, is a Swedish multinational clothing company headquartered in Stockholm. Built on a fast fashion business model, the retailer sells apparel, accessories, and homeware. The company operates thousands of stores across 75 geographical markets and employs over 171,000 people worldwide.

H&M is the second-largest international clothing retailer after Inditex. H&M was founded by Erling Persson in 1947 under the name Hennes. The CEO of H&M from 2020 to 2024 was Helena Helmersson. The current CEO, as of January 2024, is Daniel Ervér.
George Naghi
George Naghi (25 February 1952 in Călăraşi, Călărași County – 7 August 2011 in the Danube Delta region) was a Romanian businessman and millionaire, founder of Aldis SRL meat products enterprise. He founded the firm together with his wife Alina in the 1990s.

Naghi died in a boating accident on 7 August 2011 while on a personal ship cruise with his wife on the Danube Delta. His wife survived the accident and received medical treatment for minor injuries. On his burial day, local authorities declared a mourning day in the city of Călăraşi in honour of his achievements for the citizens of the city and public commitment for helping the local economy throughhis enterprise in creating employment.

Danube Delta
The Danube Delta is the second largest river delta in Europe, after the Volga Delta, and is the best preserved on the continent. Occurring where the Danube River empties into the Black Sea, most of the Danube Delta lies in Romania (Tulcea County), with a small part located in Ukraine (Odesa Oblast). Its approximate surface area is 4,152 square kilometres (1,603 square miles), of which 3,446 km2 (1,331 sq mi) is in Romania. With the lagoons of Razim–Sinoe (1,015 km2 or 392 sq mi with 865 km2 or 334 sq mi water surface), located south of the main delta, the total area of the Danube Delta is 5,165 km2 (1,994 sq mi). The Razim–Sinoe lagoon complex is geologically and ecologically related to the delta proper; the combined territory is listed as a World Heritage Site.
Gummel plot
In electronics, the Gummel plot is the combined plot of the base and collector electric currents,  and , of a bipolar transistor vs. the base–emitter voltage, , on a semi-logarithmic scale. This plot is very useful in device characterization because it reflects on the quality of the emitter–base junction while the base–collector bias, , is kept constant.

A number of other device parameters can be garnered either quantitatively or qualitatively directly from the Gummel plot:

The common-emitter current gain, , and the common-base current gain, ,

Base and collector ideality factors, ,

Series resistances and leakage currents.

Sometimes the DC current gain, , is plotted on the same figure as well.

Electrical junction
An electrical junction is a point or area where (a) two or more conductors or (b) different semiconducting regions of differing electrical properties make physical contact. Electrical junctions types include thermoelectricity junctions, metal–semiconductor junctions and p–n junctions. Junctions are either rectifying or non-rectifying. Non-rectifying junctions comprise ohmic contacts, which are characterised by a linear current–voltage () relation. Electronic components employing rectifying junctions include p–n diodes, Schottky diodes and bipolar junction transistors.
Antonio Richarte
Antonio Richarte (1690–1764) was a Spanish painter.

He was born at Yecla. He was educated for a learned profession, but he preferred painting, which he studied under Senén Vila at Murcia, and afterwards at Madrid with Miguel Jacinto Meléndez. He was very popular at Valencia, where he was much employed in painting processional banners for the guilds of that city.

Yecla
Yecla (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈɟʝe.kla]) is a town and municipality in eastern Spain with 35243 people registered, in the extreme north of the autonomous community of Murcia, located  96 km from the capital of the region, Murcia.
Chinateatern
Chinateatern or commonly known as "China" (in English: The China Theatre) is a private theatre in Stockholm, Sweden, located at Berzelii Park in Stockholm city. Originally built 1928 as a movie theatre, it has over the years simultaneously been used as a theatre stage for revues, comedies and musical shows. It was very popular in the 1980s and the stage has during various periods been used by different established Swedish theatres, one being the Royal Dramatic Theatre.

Chinateatern is situated next to the Stockholm restaurant Berns Salonger.

Berns salonger
Berns Salonger is a restaurant and entertainment venue, in Berzelii Park, in central Stockholm, Sweden. The building was constructed from 1862 to 1863 by the architect Johan Fredrik Åbom for pastry chef Heinrich Robert Berns and extended in 1886. Berns often holds concerts and other shows and has a capacity of 1,200.

Berns is the setting for the Strindberg novel The Red Room.
David Gvantseladze
David Gvantseladze (Georgian: დავით გვანცელაძე; Russian: Давид Гванцеладзе; 28 March 1937 – 1 May 1984) was a Georgian wrestler. He won a bronze medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics and a silver medal at the 1963 World Wrestling Championships in Greco-Roman wrestling in the lightweight category (under 70 kg).

Amateur wrestling
Amateur wrestling is a variant of wrestling practiced at Olympic, collegiate, scholastic, and other levels. There are two international wrestling styles performed at the Olympic Games, freestyle and Greco-Roman, both of which are governed by the United World Wrestling (UWW).

At the middle school and high school levels in the United States, wrestlers compete in scholastic wrestling. In collegiate wrestling, there are minor differences in some scholastic wrestling rules.

The rapid rise in the popularity of the combat sport mixed martial arts (MMA) has increased interest in amateur wrestling due to its effectiveness within the sport and its consideration as a core discipline.
Viktor Pusev
Viktor Pusev (born 28 March 1966) is a Soviet sprint canoeist who competed from the mid-1980s to the early 1990s. He won five medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds (K-4 500 m: 1989, 1990), a silver (K-2 1000 m: 1985), and two bronzes (K-2 500 m: 1985, 1986).

Pusev also finished ninth in the K-1 500 m event at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul.

1986 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1986 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Montreal, Canada at the Notre Dame Island. This is also where the canoeing and rowing competitions for the 1976 Summer Olympics took place.

The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the 20th championships in canoe sprint.
Kulbhushan Kharbanda
Kulbhushan Kharbanda (born 21 October 1944) is an Indian actor who works in Hindi and Punjabi films. He is best known for his role as the antagonist Shakaal in Shaan (1980), Starting off with the Delhi-based theatre group borkh in 1974. He worked in several parallel cinema films before working in the mainstream Hindi film industry. He appeared in Mahesh Bhatt's classic Arth (1982), Ek Chadar Maili Si (1986), Waaris (1988), and in all three parts of Deepa Mehta's Elements trilogy: Fire (1996), Earth (1998), and Water (2005). After nearly two decades he was seen on the theatre stage at the Padatik Theatre in Kolkata in the production of Atmakatha, directed by Vinay Sharma.

Fire (1996 film)
Fire is a 1996 Indo-Canadian romantic drama film written and directed by Deepa Mehta, starring Shabana Azmi and Nandita Das. It is the first installment of Mehta's Elements trilogy; it is succeeded by Earth (1998) and Water (2005).

The film is loosely based on Ismat Chughtai's 1942 story, "Lihaaf" ("The Quilt"). Fire is one of the first mainstream Bollywood films to explicitly show homosexual relations, and the first to feature a lesbian relationship. After its 1998 release in India, activists staged several protests, setting off a flurry of public dialogue around issues such as homosexuality and freedom of speech.
Robert Lichello
Robert Lichello (12 September 1926 – 1 February 2001), a native of Parkersburg, West Virginia, was a 20th-century American author of both fiction and non-fiction books.  He is noted as the inventor of the "AIM" (Automatic Investment Management) system of investing and was the author of several books on investing, including "How to Make $1,000,000 in the Stock Market Automatically" and "Superpower investing: The Superpower Way to Bank and Invest Your Money."

Following several years service with the Air Transport Command in Japan, Lichello majored in creative writing at West Virginia University, and worked for a radio station in Fairmont, West Virginia. In 1957, he moved to New York and worked for numerous magazines as a reporter, feature writer, and associate editor.  Lichello's historical works include biographies of Dag Hammarskjöld, Enrico Fermi, Edward R. Murrow, and Charles R. Drew.  He also wrote a book on Jujutsu as a method of self-defense.

Edward R. Murrow
Edward Roscoe Murrow (born Egbert Roscoe Murrow; April 25, 1908 – April 27, 1965) was an American broadcast journalist and war correspondent.

He first gained prominence during World War II with a series of live radio broadcasts from Europe for the news division of CBS. During the war he recruited and worked closely with a team of war correspondents who came to be known as the Murrow Boys. A pioneer of radio and television news broadcasting, Murrow produced a series of reports on his television program See It Now which helped lead to the censure of Senator Joseph McCarthy. Fellow journalists Eric Sevareid, Ed Bliss, Bill Downs, Dan Rather, and Alexander Kendrick consider Murrow one of journalism's greatest figures. Murrow's life has been dramatized in several films, including Good Night, and Good Luck, which takes its name from the signature sign-off phrase Murrow used to end many of his wartime broadcasts.
Lisa McGee
Elizabeth "Lisa" McGee (born August 1980) is an Irish playwright and screenwriter. McGee is the creator and writer of Derry Girls, a hit comedy series that began airing on Channel 4 in the UK in January 2018. In 2018, she was listed as one of BBC's 100 Women and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 2022.

100 Women (BBC)
100 Women is a BBC multi-format series established in 2013. The annual series examines the role of women in the 21st century and has included events in London and Mexico. Announcement of the list is the start of an international "BBC's women season", lasting three weeks including broadcast, online reports, debates and journalism on the topic of women. Women around the world are encouraged to participate via social media and comment on the list, as well as on the interviews and debates that follow release of the list.
International Relations and Trade Select Committee
The International Relations and Trade Select Committee (Malay: Jawatankuasa Pilihan Khas Hubungan dan Perdagangan Antarabangsa; Chinese: 馬來西亞國際關係與貿易專責委員會; Tamil: மலேசியா சர்வதேச உறவுகள் மற்றும் வர்த்தக ஆணையம்) is a select committee of the Malaysian House of Representatives, which scrutinises the Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs, Ministry of International Trade and Industry and Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It is among four new bipartisan parliamentary select committees announced by the Minister in the Prime Minister's Department in charge of legal affairs, Liew Vui Keong, on 17 October 2019 in an effort to improve the institutional system.

Minister in the Prime Minister's Department
The Minister in the Prime Minister's Department (Malay: Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri; Jawi: منتري دجابتن ڤردان منتري‎) is a member of Cabinet of Malaysia who administers a portfolio through the Prime Minister's Department.
K-homology
In mathematics, K-homology is a homology theory on the category of locally compact Hausdorff spaces. It classifies the elliptic pseudo-differential operators acting on the vector bundles over a space. In terms of -algebras, it classifies the Fredholm modules over an algebra.

An operator homotopy between two Fredholm modules   and   is a norm continuous path of Fredholm modules,  ,   Two Fredholm modules are then equivalent if they are related by unitary transformations or operator homotopies. The  group is the abelian group of equivalence classes of even Fredholm modules over A. The  group is the abelian group of equivalence classes of odd Fredholm modules over A. Addition is given by direct summation of Fredholm modules, and the inverse of   is

Inverse function
In mathematics, the inverse function of a function f (also called the inverse of f) is a function that undoes the operation of f. The inverse of f exists if and only if f is bijective, and if it exists, is denoted by

For a function , its inverse  admits an explicit description:  it sends each element  to the unique element  such that f(x) = y.

As an example, consider the real-valued function of a real variable given by f(x) = 5x − 7. One can think of f as the function which multiplies its input by 5 then subtracts 7 from the result. To undo this, one adds 7 to the input, then divides the result by 5. Therefore, the inverse of f is the function  defined by
Transport in Turkey
Transport in Turkey is road-dominated and mostly fuelled by diesel. Transport consumes a quarter of energy in Turkey, and is a major source of air pollution in Turkey and greenhouse gas emissions by Turkey. The World Health Organization has called for more active transport such as cycling. As of 2023 health impact assessment is not done in Turkey.: 50

Adana
Adana is a large city in southern Turkey. The city is situated on the Seyhan River, 35 km (22 mi) inland from the northeastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea. It is the administrative seat of the Adana province, and has a population of 1,816,750 (Seyhan, Yuregir, Cukurova, Saricam).

Adana lies in the heart of Cilicia, a region of around 6 million people. The region was particularly important in the classical world due to its location by a pass in the Taurus Mountains (both for military campaigns and trade routes), and its wealth in metal and agricultural assets, including the large fertile plain of Çukurova.

Adana remains a centre for regional trade, and public and private services. Agriculture, healthcare and logistics are important parts of the economy. The city is connected to Tarsus and Mersin by TCDD train. The closest public airport is Çukurova International Airport.
Research 2000
Research 2000 was a U.S. opinion polling and marketing research company based in Olney, Maryland. It began doing research on upcoming elections in 1999 after its President, Del Ali, moved on from Mason-Dixon Political Media Research. Research 2000 clients included KCCI-TV in Des Moines, Iowa;, WCAX-TV in Burlington, Vermont; WISC-TV in Madison, Wisconsin; WKYT-TV in Lexington, Kentucky; Lee Enterprises, the Concord Monitor, The Florida Times-Union, WSBT-TV/WISH-TV/WANE-TV in Indiana, the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, the Bergen Record, the Reno Gazette-Journal, and the political blog Daily Kos.

Concord Monitor
The Concord Monitor is the daily newspaper for Concord, the state capital of New Hampshire. It also covers surrounding towns in Merrimack County, most of Belknap County, as well as portions of Grafton, Rockingham and Hillsborough counties. The Monitor has several times been named as one of the best small papers in America and in April 2008, became a Pulitzer Prize winning paper, when photographer Preston Gannaway was honored for feature photography.

After publishing seven days a week for decades, starting in March 2024, it ceased print publication on Sundays.
Thrust (science fiction magazine)
Thrust was published from 1973–1991. It started off as a fanzine by Doug Fratz Steven L. Goldstein at the University of Maryland until 1976. In 1978, Thrust became a trade magazine.

Thrust was a magazine for science fiction fans, offering commentary and criticism of work published within the genre. Nominated for a Hugo Award for Best Fanzine in 1980, it received four other nominations for best semi-prozine in the following years (1988, 1989, 1990, and 1991). As a trade magazine, it expanded rapidly, moving to offset covers. Ultimately the circulation rose to 1,700. Columnists at various times included Ted White, Charles Sheffield, Lou Stathis, John Shirley, Michael Bishop, David Bischoff, Chris Lampton, Darrell Schweitzer and Jeffrey Elliot. Dan Steffan provided art direction for the magazine.

Lou Stathis
Louis J. Stathis (September 29, 1952 – May 4, 1997) was an American author, critic and editor, mainly in the areas of fantasy and science fiction. During the last four years of his life he was an editor for DC Comics' Vertigo line, working on such titles as Preacher, Doom Patrol, Industrial Gothic, Peter Kuper's The System, and Dhampire.
Begone Dull Care (play)
Begone Dull Care is an 1808 comedy play by the English writer Frederick Reynolds. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London on 9 February 1808. The original Covent Garden cast included Alexander Pope as Sir Arthur St Albyn, Charles Kemble as Algernon St Albyn, William Thomas Lewis as Modern, John Brunton as Danvers, John Fawcett as Lord Blushdale, John Emery as Solace, William Chapman as Trusty, Samuel Simmons as Geoffrey, Sarah Smith as Selina, Mary Ann Davenport as Deborah. The Irish premiere took place at the Crow Street Theatre in Dublin on 30 March 1808.

Crow Street Theatre
Crow Street Theatre was a theatre in Dublin, Ireland, on Crow Street in the Temple Bar area of the city, originally opened in 1758 by the actor Spranger Barry. From 1788 until 1818 it was a patent theatre.
Cauldcleuch Head
Cauldcleuch Head is a hill in an unnamed range of Roxburghshire hills north of Langholm, part of the Southern Uplands of Scotland. The highest hill in this range, it has an isolation of approximately 26 km. Parts of the Gorrenberry Jubilee Wood can be found in the Billhope glen to its southwest, where the easiest line of ascent is found.

Roxburghshire
Roxburghshire or the County of Roxburgh is a historic county and registration county in the Southern Uplands of Scotland. It borders Dumfriesshire to the west, Selkirkshire and Midlothian to the northwest, and Berwickshire to the north. To the southwest it borders Cumberland and to the southeast Northumberland, both in England.

It was named after the Royal Burgh of Roxburgh, a town which declined markedly in the 15th century and is no longer in existence. Latterly, the county town of Roxburghshire was Jedburgh.

The county has much the same area as Teviotdale, the basin drained by the River Teviot and tributaries, together with the adjacent stretch of the Tweed into which it flows. The term is often treated as synonymous with Roxburghshire, but may omit Liddesdale as Liddel Water drains to the west coast.
Brough Superior
Brough Superior (/ˈbrʌf/ BRUF) motorcycles, sidecars, and motor cars were made by George Brough in his Brough Superior works on Haydn Road in Nottingham, England, from 1919 to 1940. The motorcycles were dubbed the "Rolls-Royce of Motorcycles" by H. D. Teague of The Motor Cycle newspaper. Approximately 3048 motorcycles (19 models) were made in the 21 years of production; around a third of that production still exists. T. E. Lawrence ("Lawrence of Arabia") owned eight of these motorcycles and died from injuries sustained when he crashed number seven; the eighth was on order.

In 2008, vintage motorcycle enthusiast Mark Upham acquired the rights to the Brough Superior name. In 2013 he met motorcycle designer Thierry Henriette and asked him to design a new Brough Superior motorcycle. Three months later a prototype of a new SS100 was shown in Milan. Serial production of the revived Brough Superior brand began in 2016.

Brooklands
Brooklands was a 2.767-mile (4.453 km) motor racing circuit and aerodrome built near Weybridge in Surrey, England, United Kingdom. It opened in 1907 and was the world's first purpose-built 'banked' motor racing circuit as well as one of Britain's first airfields, which also became Britain's largest aircraft manufacturing centre by 1918, producing military aircraft such as the Wellington and civil airliners like the Viscount and VC10.

The circuit hosted its last race in August 1939 and today part of it forms the Brooklands Museum, a major aviation and motoring museum, as well as a venue for vintage car, motorcycle and other transport-related events.
Myco-heterotrophy
Myco-heterotrophy (from Greek μύκης mýkes 'fungus', ἕτερος héteros 'another', 'different' and τροφή trophé 'nutrition') is a symbiotic relationship between certain kinds of plants and fungi, in which the plant gets all or part of its food from parasitism upon fungi rather than from photosynthesis. A myco-heterotroph is the parasitic plant partner in this relationship. Myco-heterotrophy is considered a kind of cheating relationship and myco-heterotrophs are sometimes informally referred to as "mycorrhizal cheaters". This relationship is sometimes referred to as mycotrophy, though this term is also used for plants that engage in mutualistic mycorrhizal relationships.

Cheating (biology)
Cheating is a term used in behavioral ecology and ethology to describe behavior whereby organisms receive a benefit at the cost of other organisms. Cheating is common in many mutualistic and altruistic relationships. A cheater is an individual who does not cooperate (or cooperates less than their fair share) but can potentially gain the benefit from others cooperating. Cheaters are also those who selfishly use common resources to maximize their individual fitness at the expense of a group. Natural selection favors cheating, but there are mechanisms to regulate it. The stress gradient hypothesis states that facilitation, cooperation or mutualism should be more common in stressful environments, while cheating, competition or parasitism are common in benign environments (i.e nutrient excess).