hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cyanogen fluoride
Cyanogen fluoride (IUPAC name: carbononitridic fluoride) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula FCN. The molecule of this compound is linear, having the structural formula F−C≡N. It consists of a fluorine atom in a single bond with a carbon atom of a cyano group. It is a toxic and explosive gas at room temperature. It is used in organic synthesis and can be produced by pyrolysis of cyanuric fluoride or by fluorination of cyanogen.

Organic synthesis
Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis concerned with the construction of organic compounds. Organic compounds  are molecules consisting of combinations of covalently-linked hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms. Within the general subject of organic synthesis, there are many different types of synthetic routes that can be completed including total synthesis, stereoselective synthesis, automated synthesis, and many more. Additionally, in understanding organic synthesis it is necessary to be familiar with the methodology, techniques, and applications of the subject.
Seven Parks, Lexington
Seven Parks is a neighborhood in southwestern Lexington, Kentucky, United States. Its boundaries are Nicholasville Road to the east, Norfolk Southern railroad tracks to the west, Dantzler Drive to the north, and Arcadia Park Drive to the south.

Neighborhood statistics

Area: 0.120 square miles (0.31 km2)

Population: 467

Population density: 3,897 per square mile (1,505/km2)

Median household income: $44,328

Railway track
Railway track (CwthE and UIC terminology) or railroad track (NAmE), also known as permanent way (per way) (CwthE) or "P way" (BrE and Indian English), is the structure on a railway or railroad consisting of the rails, fasteners, sleepers (railroad ties in American English) and ballast (or slab track), plus the underlying subgrade. It enables trains to move by providing a dependable, low-friction surface on which steel wheels can roll. Early tracks were constructed with wooden or cast-iron rails, and wooden or stone sleepers. Since the 1870s, rails have almost universally been made from steel.
Surface of general type
In algebraic geometry, a surface of general type is an algebraic surface with Kodaira dimension 2. Because of Chow's theorem any compact complex manifold of dimension 2 and with Kodaira dimension 2 will actually be an algebraic surface, and in some sense most surfaces are in this class.

Algebraic geometry and analytic geometry
In mathematics, algebraic geometry and analytic geometry are two closely related subjects. While algebraic geometry studies algebraic varieties, analytic geometry deals with complex manifolds and the more general analytic spaces defined locally by the vanishing of analytic functions of several complex variables. The deep relation between these subjects has numerous applications in which algebraic techniques are applied to analytic spaces and analytic techniques to algebraic varieties.
Mardan suicide bombing
On 29 December 2015, a suicide bomber detonated his explosives in the front entrance of a regional branch of the National Database and Registration Authority, which is responsible for issuing ID cards in northwestern city of Mardan, Pakistan. The blast killed 26 people and more than 50 were wounded. Leader of Jamaat-ul-Ahrar, a faction of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan claimed responsibility for the attack.

Mardan
Mardān is a city in the Mardan District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Located in the Valley of Peshawar, Mardan is the second-largest city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (after Peshawar). It is a fast-growing city that experienced a population boom in the latter half of the 20th century.

Around 1800 BCE, the area around Mardan was part of the homeland of the Gandhara grave culture. Rock edicts of the ancient Indian King Ashoka in the nearby Shahbaz Garhi, written in the right-to-left Kharosthi script, dates from the Mauryan period (mid-200s BCE) and represent the earliest irrefutable evidence of writing in South Asia. The nearby Takht-i-Bahi which has remains of an ancient Buddhist monastery was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980.
15th Infantry Division "Bergamo"
The 15th Infantry Division "Bergamo" (Italian: 15ª Divisione di fanteria "Bergamo") was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The Bergamo was based in Istria and named for the city of Bergamo.

Istria
Istria (/ˈɪstriə/ IST-ree-ə; Croatian and Slovene: Istra; Italian and Venetian: Istria; Istriot: Eîstria; Istro-Romanian: Istria; Latin: Histria; Ancient Greek: Ἱστρία) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. Located at the top of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Kvarner Gulf, the peninsula is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy, 90% of its area being part of Croatia. Most of Croatian Istria is part of Istria County.
1912-1935 Ethnic Rebellion of Cambodia
Between 1912 and 1935, an alliance of native peoples in what is now Cambodia rebelled against French colonizers. Their leader, whose name was recorded by the French as Pa-Trang-Loeng, united multiple diverse tribes, such as the Phnong and the Mnong, the latter of which Loeng was a part of. Initially beginning with a series of tribal attacks upon French outposts in Kratié, the conflict would escalate in 1914 with the assassination of explorer First Class Counselor Henri Maître at the hands of Trang. The insurgents established the Nam Nung base, which consisted of thousands of kilometres of land. The war ended with a French victory during the Siege of Nam Nung in the May of 1935.

Nam Nung
Nam Nung (Xã Nâm Nung) is a commune located in the southern part of Lâm Đồng province, in Vietnam's Central Highlands region. As of 2019, the commune covers an area of 104.82 km² and has a population of 3,586.
Lyonella
Lyonella is a fungal genus in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, Lyonella contains the single species Lyonella neurophila, described as new to science by German mycologist Hans Sydow in 1925.

The genus name of Lyonella is in honour of Harold Lloyd Lyon (1879-1957), who was an American botanist (Algology and Mykology), Phytopathologist, working at the University of Minnesota.

The genus was circumscribed by Hans Sydow in Bernice P. Bishop. Mus. Bull. vol.19 on page 108 in 1925.

Plant pathology
Plant pathology or phytopathology is the scientific study of plant diseases caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Plant pathology involves the study of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant disease resistance, how plant diseases affect humans and animals, pathosystem genetics, and management of plant diseases.
John S. Smiley
John Stanley Smiley (January 20, 1885 – August 21, 1945) was a Canadian politician. He represented the electoral district of Cumberland in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1933 to 1937. He was a member of the Nova Scotia Liberal Party.

Smiley was born in 1885 at Milltown, New Brunswick. He was educated at Mount Allison University and Dalhousie University, and was a lawyer by career. He married Celia Ganong Kierstead in 1909. Smiley first attempted to enter provincial politics in the 1928 election, but was defeated. He ran again in 1933, and was elected in the dual-member Cumberland County riding with Conservative Percy Chapman Black. In the 1937 election, Smiley was defeated by the two Conservative candidates, Black and Archie B. Smith. In 1938, Smiley was appointed a judge of the Nova Scotia Supreme Court. Smiley died at Halifax on August 21, 1945.

Cumberland (Nova Scotia provincial electoral district)
Cumberland was a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that, at the time of its dissolution, elected two members to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. The district existed from 1867 until 1949, when the County of Cumberland was divided into three electoral districts: Cumberland East, Cumberland West, and Cumberland Centre.
Strabla
Strabla [ˈstrabla] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wyszki, within Bielsk County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

According to the 1921 census, the village was inhabited by 113 people, among whom 71 were Roman Catholic, 41 Orthodox, and 1 Mosaic. At the same time, 87 inhabitants declared Polish nationality, 26 Belarusian. There were 15 residential buildings in the village.

Bielsk County
Bielsk County (Polish: powiat bielski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Bielsk Podlaski, which lies 39 kilometres (24 mi) south of the regional capital Białystok. The only other town in the county is Brańsk, lying 25 km (16 mi) west of Bielsk Podlaski.

The county covers an area of 1,385.2 square kilometres (534.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 54,590, out of which the population of Bielsk Podlaski is 25,290, that of Brańsk is 3,767, and the rural population is 25,533.
Nikki (Barbie)
Nicole "Nikki" Watkins is a Mattel fashion doll, debuting in 1996 as part of the "Teen Skipper" line. Nikki was released as Skipper's first African American friend and as the younger sister of Christie, one of Barbie's best friends.

In 2006, Nikki replaced Christie as one of Barbie's best friends in the Glam Beach Line and later in the Fashion Fever Line.

Barbie in a Christmas Carol
Barbie in a Christmas Carol is a 2008 animated Christmas film directed by William Lau and written by Elise Allen. Produced by Rainmaker Entertainment, it was given a limited theatrical release by Kidtoon Films on November 1, 2008 and was later released to DVD 3 days later. It premiered on British and Irish television via its Nick Jr. regional variant on December 23, 2011. The 14th entry in the Barbie film series, it is based on Charles Dickens's 1843 novel and features the voice of Kelly Sheridan as Barbie, with Morwenna Banks as Eden Starling (a female version of Ebenezer Scrooge played by Barbie). It is the 2nd Christmas-themed Barbie film, following Barbie in the Nutcracker, despite being marketed as Barbie’s "First Holiday Movie" on the DVD cover.
John Bradbury, 2nd Baron Bradbury
John Bradbury, 2nd Baron Bradbury, of Winsford in the County of Chester (7 January 1914 – 31 March 1994) was a British peer and member of the House of Lords, the second holder of the title Baron Bradbury.

The son of John Bradbury, 1st Baron Bradbury GCB, Permanent Secretary to HM Treasury, by his marriage to Hilda, a daughter of W. A. Kirby, he was born on 7 January 1914 and baptized two months later at St Clement Danes, Westminster. He was educated at Cothill House, Westminster School, and Brasenose College, Oxford.

In 1939 he married firstly, 1939, Joan Knight, of Addlestone, Surrey, and they had one son and one daughter. In 1946 he married secondly Gwerfyl Roberts, one daughter. In 1950 he succeeded his father as Baron Bradbury.
Bradbury died on 31 March 1994, while living at Engomi, near Nicosia, Cyprus. The peerage was inherited by his only son, John (born 17 March 1940).

Addlestone
Addlestone (/ˈædəlstən/ or /ædəlstoʊn/) is a town in Surrey, England. It is located approximately 18+1⁄2 miles (30 kilometres) southwest of London. The town is the administrative centre of the Borough of Runnymede, of which it is the largest settlement.
2016 Dubai World Cup
The 2016 Dubai World Cup was a horse race held at Meydan Racecourse on Saturday 26 March 2016. It was the 21st running of the Dubai World Cup. It was the second running of the race since the synthetic Tapeta surface was replaced by a dirt track.

The winner was California Chrome LLC's California Chrome, a five-year-old chestnut horse trained in the United States by Art Sherman and ridden by Victor Espinoza. California Chrome's victory was the first in the race for his jockey, trainer and owner.

Meydan Racecourse
Meydan Racecourse is a racecourse in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The grandstand is a half mile in length, and can accommodate over 60,000 spectators.

Meydan opened on 27 March 2010, replacing Nad Al Sheba Racecourse, which formerly occupied the same site. It includes a horse racing museum, gallery and five-star hotel and nine-hole golf course. When not in use for racing it serves as a business and conference centre. The track's interior was also used as a filming location for the film Star Trek Beyond, depicting the docking bay where the USS Enterprise is moored, including the bar scene during the film's climax which contains a ship construction bay.

On February 16, 2024, Saffie Osborne became the first female jockey to win a race at Meydan, winning the Lord Glitters Handicap.
2022 Emilia-Romagna Open
The 2022 Emilia-Romagna Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts in Parma, Italy as an ATP Challenger Tour 125 event for the men and a WTA 250 event for the women. The fourth edition of the men's event was held between 13 and 19 June on the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour, while the second edition of the women's took place from 26 September to 1 October on the 2022 WTA Tour.

The women's event was one of the six tournaments that were given single-year WTA 250 licenses in September and October 2022 due to the cancellation of tournaments in China during the 2022 season because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the suspension of tournaments in China following former WTA player Peng Shuai's allegation of sexual assault against a Chinese government official.

ATP Challenger Tour 125
The ATP Challenger 125 tournaments are the second highest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the ATP Challenger Tour, with 125 ranking points awarded to each singles champion. They were previously the highest tier of Challenger tournaments before the introduction of ATP Challenger Tour 175 tournaments in 2023.

As of the 2026 season, the series included 36 tournaments, with some added and others upgraded or downgraded since the COVID-19 pandemic.
Coxsackie-Athens Central School District
Coxsackie-Athens is a rural New York State school district located along the Hudson River, approximately 20 miles south of Albany. Known as C-A, to people in the region, Coxsackie-Athens has around 1,200 students K-12.

The district has four schools: Edward J. Arthur Elementary; Coxsackie Elementary; Coxsackie-Athens Middle School; and Coxsackie-Athens High school.

The district has a satellite campus in the Village of Athens and a main campus in the Village of Coxsackie where the district office is located. All the schools are located in Coxsackie, except for the Edward J. Arthur school in Athens.

Athens (village), New York
Athens is a village in Greene County, New York, United States, with 1,586 people in the 2020 census. It is named after the classical city of Athens and is the eastern part of the town of Athens, across the Hudson River from the city of Hudson.
2025 Queensland International III – Men's doubles
Joshua Charlton and Patrick Harper were the defending champions but only Charlton chose to defend his title, partnering Colin Sinclair. They lost in the semifinals to Anirudh Chandrasekar and Reese Stalder.

Matt Hulme and Kody Pearson won the title after defeating Chandrasekar and Stalder 7–6(7–5), 3–6, [10–6] in the final.

Patrick Harper
Patrick Harper (born 28 January 2000) is an Australian tennis player.

Harper has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 1,673 achieved on 30 April 2018 and a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 115 achieved on 12 January 2026.

Harper has won three ATP Challenger doubles titles at the 2024 Knoxville Challenger and the Columbus Challenger, both with Johannus Monday, and the 2025 Queensland International II with Joshua Charlton.

Harper played college tennis at Tennessee, where he won the 2021 NCAA doubles title with Adam Walton.
Casualty Clearing Station
In the British Army and other Commonwealth militaries, a Casualty Clearing Station (CCS) is a military medical facility behind the front lines that is used to treat wounded soldiers.  A CCS would usually be located just beyond the range of enemy artillery and often near transportation facilities (e.g., a railway).  The CCS receives battlefield casualties from regimental aid posts located in the combat zone.  Casualties that cannot be adequately treated in the CCS are stabilized there before being transported to a field hospital or military hospital.

Casualty (person)
A casualty (/ˈkæʒuəlti/ ⓘ KAZH-oo-əl-tee, UK also /ˈkæʒjuəlti/ KAZH-yoo-əl-tee), as a term in military usage, is a person in military service, combatant or non-combatant, who becomes unavailable for duty due to any of several circumstances, including death, injury, illness, missing, capture or desertion.
August Schynse
August Schynse (1857–1891) was a German Catholic missionary and African explorer born at Wallhausen, near Kreuznach, and educated at Bonn.  He attended the seminary at Speyer, became a priest in 1880, and in 1882 entered the service of the African Missions (Fathers of the Missions d'Afrique or White Fathers) and was active in work in French Algeria.  He was part of an expedition to the Congo in 1885. In 1888 he made a trip to East Africa and from there accompanied Stanley and Emin Pasha to the coast.  With Emin he went to the Victoria Nyanza, and then spent almost a year in explorations between that lake and Uganda.  He wrote:  Zwei Jahre am Kongo (1889) and Mit Stanley und Emin Pascha durch Deutsch Ost-Afrika (1890).

Emin Pasha
Mehmed Emin Pasha (born Isaak Eduard Schnitzer, baptized Eduard Carl Oscar Theodor Schnitzer; March 28, 1840 – October 23, 1892) was an Ottoman physician of German Jewish origin, naturalist, and governor of the Egyptian province of Equatoria on the upper Nile. The Ottoman Empire conferred the title "Pasha" on him in 1886, and thereafter he was referred to as "Emin Pasha".
Giuseppe Musolino
Giuseppe Musolino (September 24, 1876 – January 22, 1956), also known as the "Brigante Musolino" or the "King of Aspromonte," was an Italian brigand and folk hero. Musolino received great notoriety and admiration in Calabria for escaping prison and committing a string of murders in retaliation for what he considered to be false testimony delivered against him while on trial; his later, second, trial after his recapture was subject to extensive international media coverage and attention.

Cesare Lombroso
Cesare Lombroso (/lɒmˈbroʊsoʊ/ lom-BROH-soh, US also /lɔːmˈ-/ lawm-; Italian: [ˈtʃeːzare lomˈbroːzo, ˈtʃɛː-, -oːso]; born Ezechia Marco Lombroso; 6 November 1835 – 19 October 1909) was an Italian eugenicist, criminologist, phrenologist, physician, and founder of the Italian school of criminology. He is considered the founder of modern criminology by changing the Western notions of individual responsibility.

Lombroso rejected the established classical school, which held that crime was a characteristic trait of human nature. Instead, using concepts drawn from physiognomy, degeneration theory, psychiatry, and Social Darwinism, Lombroso's theory of anthropological criminology essentially stated that criminality was inherited, and that someone "born criminal" could be identified by physical (congenital) defects, which confirmed a criminal as savage or atavistic.
Deborah Cook
Deborah Cook is the name of:

Deborah Cook (soprano) (1938–2019), American opera singer

Deborah Cook (philosopher) (born 1954), Canadian philosopher

Debbie Cook (born 1954), American politician

Deborah J. Cook, Canadian medical scientist

Deborah L. Cook (born 1952), American judge

Debbie Cook
Deborah Ann "Debbie" Cook (born January 22, 1954) is an American politician and lawyer from California. She is the former mayor of Huntington Beach, California, and  was the Democratic candidate for California's 46th congressional district in 2008.  Cook was elected to the Huntington Beach City Council in 2000 and re-elected in 2004. She is president of the board of directors of the Post Carbon Institute.
Philistine language
The Philistine language (/ˈfɪləstiːn, ˈfɪləstaɪn, fəˈlɪstən, fəˈlɪstiːn/) is the extinct language of the Philistines. Very little is known about the language, of which a handful of words survived as cultural loanwords in Biblical Hebrew describing specifically Philistine institutions, like the serānim, the "lords" of the Philistine five cities ("pentapolis"), the ʿargāz receptacle, mentioned in 1 Samuel 6, and the title paḏi.

1 Samuel 6
1 Samuel 6 is the sixth chapter of the First Book of Samuel in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible or the first part of the Books of Samuel in the Hebrew Bible. According to Jewish tradition  the book was attributed to the prophet Samuel, with additions by the prophets Gad and Nathan, but modern scholars view it as a composition of a number of independent texts of various ages from c. 630–540 BCE. This chapter describes how the Ark of Covenant was returned to Israel by the Philistines, a part of the "Ark Narrative" (1 Samuel 4:1–7:1) within a section concerning the life of Samuel (1 Samuel 1:1–7:17).
Swimming at the 1975 Pan American Games – Women's 400 metre freestyle
The women's 400 metre freestyle competition of the swimming events at the 1975 Pan American Games took place on 22 October. The last Pan American Games champion was Ann Simmons of the United States.

This race consisted of eight lengths of the pool, with all eight being in the freestyle stroke.

1975 Pan American Games
The 1975 Pan American Games, officially known as the VII Pan American Games (Spanish: VII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Mexico 1975 (Spanish: México 1975), were held in Mexico City, Mexico, from October 12 to October 26, 1975, exactly twenty years after the second Pan American Games were held there. It was the third major sporting event held in the Mexican capital in seven years, after the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1970 FIFA World Cup.
Plāņi, Jelgava Municipality
Plāņi is a village in Salgale Parish, Jelgava Municipality in the Semigallia region of Latvia (from 2009 until 2021, it was part of the former Ozolnieki Municipality). The village is located on the Lielupe River approximately 16 km from the city of Jelgava.

Jelgava Municipality
Jelgava Municipality (Latvian: Jelgavas novads) is a municipality in Zemgale, Latvia. Its administrative center is Jelgava, although it is extraterritorial as the city is a separate municipality of its own.

The municipality was formed in 2009 from Jelgava district by merging Eleja Parish, Glūda Parish, Jaunsvirlauka Parish, Lielplatone Parish, Līvbērze Parish, Platone Parish, Sesava Parish, Svēte Parish, Valgunde Parish, Vilce Parish, Vircava Parish, Zaļenieki Parish and Kalnciems town with its rural territory. As of 2020, the population was 21,738.

On 1 July 2021, Jelgava Municipality was enlarged when Ozolnieki Municipality and its parishes were merged into it during the Latvian administrative reform of 2021. It borders Lithuania.
Mamacita (Super Junior song)
"Mamacita" is a song recorded in two languages (Korean and Japanese) by South Korean boy band Super Junior. The Korean version was released through SM Entertainment on August 29, 2014, while the Japanese version was released on December 17, 2014, by Avex Trax.

In Japan, the single reached number-one on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart and sold over 69,000 copies.

Avex Trax
Avex Trax (Japanese: エイベックス トラックス, Hepburn: Eibekkusu Torakkusu) is a record label owned by Japanese entertainment conglomerate Avex Inc. The label was launched in September 1988, and was the first label by the Group.