hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Epermenia fuscomaculata
Epermenia fuscomaculata is a moth of the family Epermeniidae. It is found in Japan (Ryukyu Islands: Yakushima, Amami, Okinawa) and Taiwan.

The length of the forewings is 4–5.5 millimetres (0.16–0.22 in).

Yakushima
Yakushima (屋久島) is one of the Ōsumi Islands in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The island, 504.88 km2 (194.94 sq mi) in area, has a population of 11,858. It is accessible by hydrofoil ferry, car ferry, or by air to Yakushima Airport.

The island is part of the town (chō) of Yakushima, which includes the neighbouring island of Kuchinoerabujima. 42% of the island is within the borders of the Yakushima National Park.

As of 2021, Yakushima's electricity generation was more than 99% hydroelectric, and surplus power has been used to produce hydrogen gas in an experiment by Kagoshima University. The island has been a test site for Honda's hydrogen fuel cell vehicle research.
Lateral quantum dot
A lateral quantum dot is a type of quantum dot made by imposing a small area of decreased potential in the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) by means of electrical gates such that electrons or electron holes are confined in the 2DEG plane.  The particles are confined in one dimension laterally where they are free to move in the plane of the 2DEG.  Once the potential is applied, it is energetically favorable for a certain number of electrons (or holes) to remain confined in a certain area of the 2DEG causing the remaining two-dimensional freedom to be removed and the three dimensional confinement of the electrons or holes.  The 2DEG is confined between two semiconductor sheets such as InAs and GaAs.  The fabrication process for a lateral dot is very different from that for a self-assembled quantum dot.

Gallium arsenide
Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a III-V direct band gap semiconductor with a zinc blende crystal structure.

Gallium arsenide is used in the manufacture of devices such as microwave frequency integrated circuits, monolithic microwave integrated circuits, infrared light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, solar cells and optical windows.

GaAs is often used as a substrate material for the epitaxial growth of other III-V semiconductors, including indium gallium arsenide, aluminum gallium arsenide and others.
Bangxing
Bangxing (Tibetan: སྤང་ཤིང་;Chinese: 旁辛; pinyin: Bàngxīn) is a township in Medog County, Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. It lies at an altitude of 2,161 metres (7,090 ft). Its population in 2007 was 1,351, the town is located in the traditional province of Pemako, most of the inhabitants are Tshangla speakers.

Classical Tibetan
Classical Tibetan is a liturgical language of Tibetan Buddhism that dates from the 9th century. It particularly refers to the language of early canonical texts translated from other languages, especially Sanskrit. It is one of the handful of 'living' classical languages along with Arabic, Ge'ez, and New Persian, though it meaningfully differs from Modern Standard Tibetan.
Buda Hills
The Buda Hills (Hungarian: Budai-hegység) are a low mountain range of numerous hills which dot the Buda side of Budapest, capital of Hungary. The most famous ones located within city limits are Gellért Hill, Castle Hill, Rózsadomb, Sváb Hill, János Hill, Széchenyi Hill and Eagle Hill. These hills consist of both nature and residential areas.

Priabonian
The Priabonian is, in the ICS's geologic timescale, the latest age or the upper stage of the Eocene Epoch or Series. It spans the time between 37.71 and 33.9 Ma. The Priabonian is preceded by the Bartonian and is followed by the Rupelian, the lowest stage of the Oligocene.

Priabona, an extinct dipteran of Pipunculidae family, is named after Priabonian, the age of deposits from which this insect is known.
Illinois Route 140
Illinois Route 140 (IL 140) is a 52.05-mile-long (83.77 km) east–west highway with its western terminus at Illinois Route 143 in Alton and its eastern terminus at U.S. Route 40 (US 40) near Mulberry Grove. It also overlaps IL 111 in Alton and IL 127 in Greenville.

Although this route may appear to be a derivative of US 40, it does not follow any of the old US 40 alignment except for a portion of the Historic National Road in Fayette County from US 40 to Vandalia. IDOT has since truncated the eastern end of Route 140 to the town of Mulberry Grove with the intersection of US 40.

In 2007, IDOT decommissioned the portion of Route 140 from near the Bond and Fayette County line at Mulberry Grove, east to Vandalia. While that section of highway is no longer marked for Route 140, the state still maintains its Historic National Road signage.

Alton, Illinois
Alton (/ˈɔːltən/ AWL-tən) is a city on the Mississippi River in Madison County, Illinois, United States, about 18 miles (29 km) north of St. Louis, Missouri. The population was 25,676 at the 2020 census. It is a part of the River Bend area in the Metro-East region of the Greater St. Louis metropolitan area.

It is well known for its limestone bluffs along the river north of the city. It's the former location of an historical state penitentiary, and played a significant role preceding and during the American Civil War. It was the site of the last Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas debate in October 1858. The former state penitentiary in Alton was used during the Civil War to hold up to 12,000 Confederate prisoners of war.
Dejene Berhanu
Dejene Berhanu (December 12, 1980 – August 29, 2010) was a male Ethiopian runner, who specialized in the 5000 metres.

Berhanu finished 11th in the short race at the 2004 World Cross Country Championships and fifth in the 5000 at the Athens Olympics. He followed that up with a pair of strong finishes at the World Cross Country Championships the next year. Berhanu was seventh in the short race and sixth in the long race. He ran in the 5000 again at the World Championships at Helsinki, finishing eighth.

In 2006, Berhanu turned to focus on the marathon. He eschewed cross country for the Rotterdam Marathon, where he finished fourth in a time of 2:08:46. He ran the Chicago Marathon in the fall as a last-minute replacement for favourite Felix Limo. Running with the leaders through the halfway mark in a blistering 63:15, Berhanu faded after 30 km and finished ninth in a time of 2:12:27.

2004 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 2004 IAAF World Cross Country Championships took place on March 20/21, 2004.  The races were held at the Ossegem Park in Brussels, the capital of Belgium.  Reports of the event were given in The New York Times, and for the IAAF.

The new team scores introduced in 2002 were reverted to the original form as used in 2001 and earlier.

Complete results for senior men, for senior men's teams, for men's short race, for men's short race teams, for junior men, for junior men's teams, senior women, for senior women's teams, for women's short race, for women's short race teams, for junior women,  for junior women's teams, medallists, and the results of British athletes who took part were published.
Ellmaker State Wayside
Ellmaker State Wayside is a state park in the U.S. state of Oregon, administered by the Oregon Parks and Recreation Department. It is located on U.S. Route 20 approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the community of Burnt Woods.

U.S. Route 20 in Oregon
U.S. Route 20 (US 20) is a major west–east cross-state highway in the northern part of the U.S. state of Oregon, especially east of the Cascade Mountains. It connects U.S. Route 101 in Newport on the central Oregon Coast to the Idaho state line east of Nyssa.
Aztecs Live at Sunbury
Aztecs Live! At Sunbury was a double live album released in August 1972 by Australian hard rock group Billy Thorpe and the Aztecs, which was recorded at the inaugural Sunbury Pop Festival in late January.

Aztecs Live! At Sunbury included eight tracks from their set. The double LP peaked at number 4 on the Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart in September 1972. In mint condition, the original LP release, with pop-up inserts, is much sought after by collectors. A CD version was released in 2007 by Aztec Music, as Live at Sunbury by Billy Thorpe & the Aztecs.

In October 2010, Aztecs Live! At Sunbury (1972) was listed in the book, 100 Best Australian Albums.

The album is not to be confused with their previous album, entitled Aztecs Live, which was first released in 1971 and peaked at number 8 in the Australian album chart in April 1972.

100 Best Australian Albums
The 100 Best Australian Albums (a.k.a. One Hundred Best Australian Albums) is a compendium of rock and pop albums of the past 50 years as compiled by music journalists Toby Creswell, Craig Mathieson and John O'Donnell. The book was published on 25 October 2010 by Hardie Grant Books (Prahran, Victoria). Sony Music has released a five CD compilation to support the book.

According to O'Donnell, "It wouldn't be a good list if it didn't polarise people and we hope that this list will. We also hope that it will get people sitting around comparing their favourites and discovering or re-discovering these great albums and others." The compendium was updated in November 2017 with ten additional entries, The 110 Best Australian Albums.
RFD-TV (Canadian TV channel)
RFD-TV Canada is a Canadian English language licence-exempted Category B specialty channel broadcasting programming focused on the agribusiness, equine and the rural lifestyles, along with traditional country music and entertainment. The channel is owned by Ryan Kohler through Wild TV Inc.

Specialty channel
A specialty channel (also known in the United States as a cable channel or cable network) can be a commercial broadcasting or non-commercial television channel which consists of television programming focused on a single genre, subject or targeted television market at a specific demographic.
Nicholas Cosmo
Nicholas Cosmo (born 1971) is an American former businessman and white-collar criminal.  He was arrested January 26, 2009 on charges of an estimated $370–413 million Ponzi scheme. Cosmo conducted the scheme using his company Agape World Inc. in Hauppauge, New York, which claimed to make its profits via commercial bridge lending. Authorities arrested him in Hicksville, New York.

Cosmo was arraigned in Islip, New York on January 27, 2009 on charges of mail fraud. Cosmo had previously been convicted of felony fraud in 1999, and had served his sentence of 21 months in prison for the offense.

On October 14, 2011, Cosmo was sentenced to 25 years in prison. As of 2013, it was reported that his crimes were then the 8th largest financial fraud in history, since the first documented flimflam in 1719 involving Scotsman John Law.

Islip (hamlet), New York
Islip (/ˈaɪslɪp/ EYE-slip) is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) that lies within the town of the same name in Suffolk County, New York. Located on the south shore of Long Island, the CDP had a population of 18,869 at the time of the 2010 census, a decline of 8% from the 2000 census.
Das Beste von kurz nach früher bis jetze
Das Beste von kurz nach früher bis jetze (The best from shortly after earlier until now) is a compilation album released by German rock band Die Ärzte on 26 August 1994. It consists of previously released studio, single, remix and live versions of Die Ärzte songs, along with four remixes originally created for this album.

The title refers to the title of Die Ärzte früher! (Die Ärzte earlier!), which was a compilation of songs pre-1984. This means, that Das Beste von kurz nach früher bis jetze is a compilation of songs from 1984-1994.

The booklet features commentaries by Bela and Farin. Rod had joined the band at the time, but with Rod, Die Ärzte had released only one album at the time and on this album there are three songs from that album (Die Bestie in Menschengestalt).

Die Bestie in Menschengestalt
Die Bestie in Menschengestalt (German for "The beast in human form") is the fifth album by German rock band Die Ärzte. It is also the first album with their new bassist Rodrigo González and a comeback album after a five-year hiatus.
Zombie pornography
Zombie pornography is a subgenre of pornography involving zombies, a type of undead being with uncontrollable appetites but no personal desire. Films in the subgenre emerged during a surge in the 1980s Italian sexploitation industry and saw minor release in the United States the next decade, but their use of zombie sex was primarily to shock the viewer. Film-maker Bruce LaBruce released Otto; or, Up with Dead People (2008) and L.A. Zombie (2010), two prominent gay zombie porn films seen by scholars as subverting homophobic tropes about gay life; in the films, zombification is physically similar to AIDS, a disease typically associated with gay men. While zombie porn may be appealing to some because it breaks taboos related to necrophilia, and plays with male viewers' fear of castration, zombies are also ferocious creatures that can destroy their sexual partners.

Shock value
Shock value (or shock factor) is the potential of an image, text, action, or other form of communication, such as a public execution, to provoke a reaction of shock by eliciting sharp disgust, anger, fear, or similar adverse emotions.
Natália Blahová
Natália Blahová (birth name Natália Kániková; born 19 February 1974) is a Slovak politician, who served as a Member of the National Council of the Slovak Republic for the Freedom and Solidarity (SaS) party from 2010 to 2012 and from 2016 to 2020. In 2019, she was expelled from SaS and subsequently joined the Democratic Party.

Slovak Democratic and Christian Union – Democratic Party
The Slovak Democratic and Christian Union – Democratic Party (Slovak: Slovenská demokratická a kresťanská únia – Demokratická strana, SDKÚ-DS) is a liberal-conservative, Christian-democratic political party in Slovakia. The SDKÚ-DS was a member of the Centrist Democrat International and was a member of the European People's Party until 2018, when it was expelled due to inactivity.

For 10 years, SDKÚ was a major centre-right political force in Slovakia. During their rule, Slovakia became member of the European Union and NATO, as well as put through economic reforms leading to the 00's economic boom. The party lost its significance in the 2012 parliamentary election, when it received only 6% of the popular vote. In the 2016 election, it lost the rest of its MPs and received only 0.26% of the vote. The party ran again in the 2023 election, receiving only 0,03% of votes.
Josh Brookes
Joshua Brookes (born 28 April 1983 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia) is a professional road racer of motorcycles with experience of Superbike and Supersport racing, both domestically and internationally. For 2023, Brookes joined FHO Racing aboard a BMW M1000RR.

In 2020, Brookes raced in the British Superbike Championship aboard a Ducati Panigale where he won his second British title, followed by a sixth finish in the 2021 championship. For 2022, Brookes remained with the same team, renamed as MCE Ducati.

Ducati Panigale
The Ducati Panigale is a family of sport motorcycles manufactured by Ducati since 2011. The Panigale is named after the small manufacturing town of Borgo Panigale. All motorcycles of this series use monocoque frame (the engine is a stressed member, replacing Ducati's conventional trellis frame).

899 Panigale, 2013–2015

959 Panigale, 2016–2020

1199 Panigale, 2012–2014

1299 Panigale, 2015–2018

Panigale V4, 2018–present

Panigale V2, 2020–present
Co-stimulation
Co-stimulation is a secondary signal which immune cells rely on to activate an immune response in the presence of an antigen-presenting cell. In the case of T cells, two stimuli are required to fully activate their immune response. During the activation of lymphocytes, co-stimulation is often crucial to the development of an effective immune response. Co-stimulation is required in addition to the antigen-specific signal from their antigen receptors.

CD278
Inducible T-cell costimulator (also called CD278) is an immune checkpoint protein that in humans is encoded by the ICOS (Inducible T-cell COStimulator) gene.
 
The protein belongs to the CD28 and CTLA-4 cell-surface receptor family. These are proteins expressed on the surface of immune cells that mediate signalling between them. A surface protein, the ligand, binds specifically to its receptor on another cell, leading to a signalling cascade in that cell.
Piskorski
Piskorski is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Krzysztof Piskorski (born 1982), Polish writer

Mateusz Piskorski (born 1977), Polish far-right politician

Mikolaj Piskorski (born 1973), Polish academic

Paweł Piskorski (born 1968), Polish politician; mayor of Warsaw

Ronald F. Piskorski (born 1949), American Donna Lee Bakery murders perpetrator

Mikolaj Piskorski
Mikołaj Jan Piskorski who often goes by Misiek (born April 16, 1973 in Warsaw, Poland) is Dean of Executive Education at IMD Business School in Lausanne, Switzerland. He is known for his research in the area of digital transformation, on-line social platforms and study of how companies leverage social platforms to improve their profitability.
2000 Heineken Open Shanghai – Doubles
Sébastien Lareau and Daniel Nestor were the defending champions, but did not compete this year.

Paul Haarhuis and Sjeng Schalken won the title by defeating Petr Pála and Pavel Vízner 6–2, 3–6, 6–4 in the final.

Petr Pála
Petr Pála (born 2 October 1975) is a tennis coach and former professional tennis player from the Czech Republic. Together with Pavel Vízner he reached the men's doubles final of the 2001 French Open but lost to Indians Mahesh Bhupathi and Leander Paes (6–7, 3–6).

Pála was coached by his father František, who was a professional tennis player on the ATP tour.

Pála never had the opportunity to do his singles ability justice on the ATP Tour due to injury. When he recovered from these injuries he returned immediately to the doubles tour, but could not gain entry to official ATP matches.

Pála became the non-playing captain of the Czech Republic Fed Cup team in December 2007. Since then, he has led the Fed Cup team to world titles in 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2018, becoming the most successful Fed Cup team captain of all time.
Kyubeme
Kyubeme (Russian: Кюбеме; Yakut: Күбүмэ, Kübüme) is a rural locality (a selo) in Yuchyugeysky Rural Okrug of Oymyakonsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 241 kilometers (150 mi) from Ust-Nera, the administrative center of the district and 94 kilometers (58 mi) from Yuchyugey, the administrative center of the rural okrug. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 46.

It is located in the Suntar Khayata Range area. The R504 Kolyma Highway passes through the village.

Oymyakonsky District
Oymyakonsky District (Russian: Оймяко́нский улу́с; Yakut: Өймөкөөн улууһа, Öymököön uluuha, [øjmøkøːn uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic and borders with Ust-Maysky District in the southwest, Tomponsky District in the west, Momsky District in the north, Susumansky District of Magadan Oblast in the east, and with Okhotsky District of Khabarovsk Krai in the south. The area of the district is 92,300 square kilometers (35,600 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a settlement) of Ust-Nera. Population: 10,109 (2010 Census); 14,670 (2002 Census); 31,078 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ust-Nera accounts for 63.9% of the district's total population.
American Fantastic Tales
American Fantastic Tales is a set of two reprint horror anthologies, released as American Fantastic Tales: Terror and the Uncanny from Poe to the Pulps and American Fantastic Tales: Terror and the Uncanny from the 1940s to Now. Both anthologies were edited by Peter Straub. They were published by Library of America in 2009. The anthologies contain horror stories by American authors from the 18th century to modern times, split at 1940. The anthology pair itself won the 2010 World Fantasy Award—Anthology. The pair were also released as a boxed set in 2009.

Library of America
The Library of America (LOA) is a nonprofit publisher of classic American literature. Founded in 1979 with seed money from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Ford Foundation, the LOA has published more than 300 volumes by authors ranging from Nathaniel Hawthorne to Saul Bellow, Frederick Douglass to Ursula K. Le Guin, including selected writing of several U.S. presidents. Anthologies and works containing historical documents, criticism, and journalism are also published. Library of America volumes seek to print authoritative versions of works; include extensive notes, chronologies, and other back matter; and are known for their distinctive physical appearance and characteristics.
Charlevoix Building
The Charlevoix Building (/ˈʃɑːrləvɔɪ/ SHAR-lə-voy), also known as Hotel Charlevoix, was a highrise building in Downtown Detroit. It was erected in 1905 and designed by local architect William S. Joy. The building was originally built as a speculative office building, converted into a hotel in 1912, then back into an office building again in 1922, although there is evidence that it was occasionally a mix of both.

The building closed sometime in the 1980s after being purchased by Ralph Sachs. It remained closed and was later added to the Park Avenue Historic District. Despite being the oldest hotel in Detroit at the time, it was demolished in 2013 for neglect. A parking lot currently sits on this site.

Park Avenue Historic District (Detroit)
The Park Avenue Historic District is a historic district located in Detroit, Michigan, along Park Avenue between Adams St. and I-75. The district includes the Women's City Club, the Detroit Building, and the Park Avenue House. The district was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1996 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.
Ellis Evans (priest)
Raymond Ellis Evans (10 August 1908 – 30 December 1983) was Dean of Monmouth from 1953 to 1975.

Evans was educated at St David's College, Lampeter, and St John's College, Oxford. He was ordained deacon in 1934 and priest in 1935. After curacies in Penmaen and Newport he held incumbencies at Blackwood and Bettws before his long ministry as dean.

Blackwood, Caerphilly
Blackwood (Welsh: Coed Duon or Coed-duon ⓘ) is a town, community and an electoral ward on the Sirhowy River in the South Wales Valleys administered as part of Caerphilly County Borough. It is located within the historic county of Monmouthshire.

The town houses a growing number of light industrial and high-tech firms.  It is the home town of influential rock band Manic Street Preachers.
Chaim I. Waxman
Chaim Isaac Waxman (born February 26, 1941) is an American sociologist now living in Israel. He is the Professor Emeritus of Sociology and Jewish Studies at Rutgers University and a Senior Fellow at the Van Leer Jerusalem Institute.

Jewish studies
Jewish studies (Hebrew: מדעי היהדות, romanized: madʿê ha-yahadut, lit. 'sciences of Judaism'), or Judaic studies, is an academic discipline centered on the study of Jews and Judaism. Jewish studies is interdisciplinary and combines aspects of history (especially Jewish history), Middle Eastern studies, Asian studies, Oriental studies, religious studies, archeology, sociology, languages (Jewish languages), political science, area studies, women's studies, and ethnic studies. Jewish studies as a distinct field is mainly present at colleges and universities in North America.

Related fields include Holocaust research and Israel studies, and in Israel, Jewish thought. Bar-Ilan University has the world's largest school of Jewish studies, while Harvard University was the first American university, and perhaps the first in the world, to appoint a full-time scholar of Judaica to its faculty.