hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maestro Custodio
El Maestro Custodio is believed to have been a 14th-century Benedictine monk, living in the city of Oviedo in Asturias, Spain. Several later historians cited a book by him, a now lost history of Asturias. Strangely, although the 18th century historians cited Maestro Custodio's work, they claimed it had already been lost at the time they were writing.

Oviedo
Oviedo (Spanish: [oˈβjeðo] ⓘ) or Uviéu (Asturian: [uˈβjew]) is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain and the administrative and commercial centre of the region. With a population of 220,027, it is also the 2nd-largest city in Asturias.

Oviedo is located approximately 24 km (15 mi) southwest of Gijón and 23 km (14 mi) southeast of Avilés, both of which lie on the shoreline of the Bay of Biscay. Oviedo's proximity to the ocean of less than 30 kilometres (19 mi) in combination with its elevated position with areas of the city more than 300 metres above sea level causes the city to have a maritime climate, even though it does not sit directly on the shore.
Ade Alleyne-Forte
Ade Franci Alleyne-Forte (born 11 October 1988) is a Trinidadian sprinter specialising in the 400 metres. He competed in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2012 Summer Olympics winning the bronze medal. He repeated that success at the 2016 World Indoor Championships.

His personal bests in the event are 46.13 seconds outdoors (Port of Spain 2012) and 46.88 seconds indoors (College Station 2013).

2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships
The 16th IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics were held between March 17 and 20, 2016 in Portland, Oregon, United States.

The event did not feature Russia. Following a WADA investigation into widespread and institutional doping practices in Russian athletics, the IAAF provisionally suspended Russia's membership of the organisation in November 2015, effectively excluding the country both from hosting events and entering competitions.

Russia's effective exclusion from the tournament was confirmed in November 2015 when it was announced by IAAF that a decision over lifting its provisional suspension from international athletics would not be taken until the end of March at the earliest.
Camilo Ynitia
Camilo Ynitia (alternative spelling "Camillo"; original native name transliterated as "Hueñux") was born in about 1803, in Marin County, southern Marin, of the Huiman tribe near Sausalito. The family likely traveled up to Olompali, where his father had built an adobe brick home. Camilo was a leader of the Coast Miwok. Camilo was known as the last Hoipu (headman) of the Miwok community living at Olompali and the Coast Miwoks of the Southern Marin Band. Camilo was also the only Native American on the northern frontier of Alta California to secure and keep a large Mexican-era land grant: In 1843 Governor Manuel Micheltorena of Alta California deeded him the Rancho Olompali, a large tract of land that is between present-day Novato and Petaluma, California. A part of this land now comprises the Olompali State Historic Park.

Petaluma, California
Petaluma is a city in Sonoma County, California, United States, located in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. Its population was 59,776 according to the 2020 census.

Petaluma's name comes from the Miwok village named Péta Lúuma that was located on the banks of the Petaluma River.  The modern city originates in Rancho Petaluma, granted in 1834 to famed Californio statesman Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, considered to be the founder of Petaluma. Today, Petaluma is known for its well-preserved historic center and as a local hub for the Petaluma Valley region of Sonoma County.
Reginald Nicholson
Reginald Nicholson (15 July 1869 – 27 April 1946) was an English Liberal Party politician.

He was elected at the 1918 general election as a Coalition Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for Doncaster in the West Riding of Yorkshire. He was Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Under-Secretary of State for Air from 1919 to 1920, but was defeated at the 1922 general election by the Labour Party candidate Wilfred Paling, and did not stand again.

Nicholson was the son of the William Norris Nicholson and his wife Emily (née Daniel). He was educated at Charterhouse, and later became Traffic Manager of the Bengal-Nagpur Railway. He was Manager of The Times newspaper from 1911 to 1915. On 15 February 1915, he married Natalie Stark Pearson (1889–1956), daughter of Frederick Stark Pearson. They had two sons, David Benevenuto Nicholson (1916–1937) and Peter Anthony Nicholson (1923–2001).

Under-Secretary of State for Air
The Under-Secretary of State for Air was a junior ministerial post in the United Kingdom Government, supporting the Secretary of State for Air in his role of managing the Royal Air Force. It was established on 10 January 1919, replacing the previous short-lived posts of Parliamentary Secretary to the Air Board and Parliamentary Secretary to the Air Council.
2015 Valencia Open
The 2015 Valencia Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 21st and the last edition of the Valencia Open, part of the 250 Series of the 2015 ATP World Tour. The tournament was formerly part of the ATP World Tour 500 series but was downgraded starting in 2015. It was held at the Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències in Valencia, Spain, from 26 October through 1 November 2015. Unseeded João Sousa won the singles title.

ATP 500 tournaments
The ATP 500 tournaments (previously known as the ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, ATP International Series Gold, and ATP Championship Series) are the fourth-highest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, and the ATP Masters 1000 events. The winners of each tournament are awarded 500 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2025, the series includes 16 tournaments, which have draws of 32 for singles (except for the Washington Open: 48) and 16 for doubles. Leading players must enter at least four 500 events, including at least one after the US Open; if they play fewer than four, or fail to play in one after the US Open they get a "zero" score towards their world ranking for each one short.

Roger Federer has won the most ATP 500 singles titles (24), while Daniel Nestor has won the most doubles titles (20).
Arthur Edwards (rugby union)
Arthur Bernard Edwards (7 October 1927 – 10 September 1984) was a Welsh international rugby union player.

Edwards was born in Bynea and raised in Ebbw Vale from the age of 10, attending Ebbw Vale Grammar School. He was a Welsh Schools representative player and made his senior debut for Ebbw Vale aged 16. After leaving school, Edwards studied teaching at Aberystwyth College and played for their XV.

Enlisting in the Army, Edwards was based out of England for much of his career, playing matches for Blackheath, Headingley and London Welsh. In 1951, Edwards featured in a combined county XV which played the touring Springboks. He was capped twice as a fullback for Wales in 1955 and had the distinction of kicking the winning points on debut against England at Cardiff, with his early penalty goal being the only score of the match.

Edwards was married to Clare Rowena Mordaunt, an aunty of politician Penny Mordaunt.

1951–52 South Africa rugby union tour of Europe
In 1951–52 the South Africa national rugby union team toured England, France, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales, playing a series of test matches, as well as games against club, regional, and representative teams. South Africa accomplished their third Grand Slam by winning all four tests against the Home Nations sides, and also won the test match against France. This was the sixth South Africa tour and the fourth tour of the Northern Hemisphere. It was also the first time the South Africans played the invitational British Barbarian team.

The tour was the most successful the South African team had undertaken; the team only lost a single match. In the tests played the team beat all four Home Nations, France and the Barbarians. The only team to beat the Springboks was the invitational London Counties team. The final tour record saw 31 matches played, with South Africa winning 30 and losing just the one game.
2026 Texas Attorney General election
The 2026 Texas Attorney General election is scheduled to take place on November 3, 2026, to elect the Attorney General of Texas. Incumbent Republican Attorney General Ken Paxton is eligible to run for re-election to a fourth term in office, but is instead running for U.S. Senate against incumbent John Cornyn.

Texas's 13th Senate district
District 13 of the Texas Senate is a senatorial district that currently serves portions of Fort Bend and Harris counties in the U.S. state of Texas.

The current senator from District 13 is Borris Miles.
Shelopugino
Shelopugino (Russian: Шелопугино) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Shelopugino, Pskov Oblast, a village in Gdovsky District of Pskov Oblast

Shelopugino, Zabaykalsky Krai, a selo in Shelopuginsky District of Zabaykalsky Krai

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
Gerdab-e Sofla
Gerdab-e Sofla (Persian: گرداب سفلي, also Romanized as Gerdāb-e Soflá) is a village in Falard Rural District, Falard District, Lordegan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 567, in 126 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Falard Rural District
Falard Rural District (Persian: دهستان فلارد) is in the Central District of Falard County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Kalvari-ye Sofla. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Mal-e Khalifeh.
Valky Raion
Valky Raion (Ukrainian: Валківський район) was a raion (district) in Kharkiv Oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center was the town of Valky. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kharkiv Oblast to seven. The area of Valky Raion was merged into Bohodukhiv Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was  30,791 (2020 est.)

In 1920 the raion was the centre of an anti-Bolshevik uprising. A peasant army, of according to various estimates, 1,500 to 3,500 people proclaimed a "Ukrainian People's Government" in April 1920, but was defeated early May 1920 after a failed attempt to capture Valky and its members were executed.

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of one hromada, Valky urban hromada with the administration in Valky.

Raions of Ukraine
A raion (Ukrainian: район, romanized: raion; pl. райони, raiony), often translated as district, is the second-level administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged.

On 17 July 2020, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) approved an administrative reform to merge most of the 490 raions, along with the "cities of regional significance", which were previously outside the raions, into just 136 reformed raions. Most tasks of the raions (education, healthcare, sport facilities, culture, and social welfare) were taken over by new hromadas, the subdivisions of raions. The 136 new districts include ten in Crimea, which have been de facto outside Ukrainian control since the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014.
Association for Women in Computing
The Association for Women in Computing (AWC) is a professional organization for women in computing. It was founded in 1978 in Washington, D.C., and is a member of the Institute for Certification of Computing Professionals (ICCP).

IT History Society
The IT History Society (ITHS) is an organization that supports the history and scholarship of information technology by encouraging, fostering, and facilitating archival and historical research. Formerly known as the Charles Babbage Foundation, it advises historians, promotes collaboration among academic organizations and museums, and assists IT corporations in preparing and archiving their histories for future studies.
Tazmalt
Tazmalt is a town in northern Algeria. It's about 85 km south west of Bejaia, 50 km at east of Bouira, 55 km south east of Tizi Ouzou, and 165 km south east of the capital Algiers. Tazmalt has a population of 25,000. The Béni Mansour–Bejaïa railway serves this community with SNTF train service.

Algeria portal

36°23′04″N 4°23′57″E﻿ / ﻿36.38444°N 4.39917°E﻿ / 36.38444; 4.39917

National Company for Rail Transport
The National Rail Transportation Company (Arabic: الشركة الوطنية للنّقل بالسّكك الحديدية, French: Société Nationale des Transports Ferroviaires, abbreviated SNTF) is Algeria's national railway operator. The SNTF, a state-owned company, currently has a monopoly over Algeria's rail network of 3,973 km (2,469 mi), although it is currently utilising only 3,572 km (2,220 mi). Out of the total railway network, 2,888 km (1,795 mi) are 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge (283 km or 176 mi of these are electrified) and 1,085 km (674 mi) are 1,055 mm (3 ft 5+1⁄2 in) narrow gauge (as of 2008).
Aceraceae
Aceraceae were recognized as a family of flowering plants also called the maple family.  They contain two to four genera, depending upon the circumscription, of some 120 species of trees and shrubs. A common characteristic is that the leaves are opposite, and the fruit a schizocarp.

The maples have long been known to be closely related to the family Sapindaceae. Several taxonomists (including the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) now include both the Aceraceae and the Hippocastanaceae in the Sapindaceae. Recent research (Harrington et al. 2005) has shown that while both Aceraceae and Hippocastanaceae are monophyletic in themselves, their removal from Sapindaceae sensu lato would leave Sapindaceae sensu stricto as a paraphyletic group, particularly with reference to the genus Xanthoceras.

Phyllotaxis
In botany, phyllotaxis (from Ancient Greek  φύλλον (phúllon)  'leaf' and  τάξις (táxis)  'arrangement') or phyllotaxy is the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem. Phyllotactic spirals form a distinctive class of patterns in nature.
2019 Brisbane International – Men's doubles
Henri Kontinen and John Peers were the defending champions but lost in the first round to Kyle Edmund and Neal Skupski. Marcus Daniell and Wesley Koolhof won the title, defeating Rajeev Ram and Joe Salisbury in the final, 6–4, 7–6(8–6).

Henri Kontinen
Henri Kontinen (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈhenri ˈkontinen]; born 19 June 1990) is a Finnish former professional tennis player who is a former world No. 1 in doubles.

After being forced to end his singles career at a young age due to injuries, having reached a career-high ranking of No. 220, Kontinen became a successful doubles player. He is a two-time Grand Slam champion, having won the 2017 Australian Open with John Peers in men's doubles, and the 2016 Wimbledon Championships in mixed doubles alongside Heather Watson. Kontinen and Peers also won the 2016 and 2017 ATP Finals, and reached the final at the 2019 Australian Open.

He has won 21 doubles titles on the ATP Tour, and became world No. 1 for the first time on 3 April 2017, spending 26 weeks at the top of the rankings. Kontinen and Peers have also won three titles at Masters 1000 level. He has represented Finland in the Davis Cup since 2008, often alongside his younger brother, Micke, who is himself a former tennis player.
2025 Davis Cup
The 2025 Davis Cup was the 113th edition of the Davis Cup, a tournament between national teams in men's tennis. It was part of the 2025 ATP Tour calendar.

The tournament's format was changed that year. Under the new format, the September stage (Qualifiers second round) featured seven home-or-away ties held over two days. The seven winning teams joined the host nation in the Finals (also known as the Final 8) knock-out stage in November. The host country would be awarded a spot in the Finals as long as it was ranked in the top 50 nations or one of its players had an individual ranking in the top 10. If these criteria were not met, the last spot in the Finals would be reallocated to a different country as a wild card.

2024 Davis Cup World Group II
The 2024 Davis Cup World Group II was held in September. The twelve winners and two highest-ranked losers from the World Group II will play at the World Group I play-offs and the ten lowest-ranked losers will play at the World Group II play-offs in 2025.
Robert Hagan (Royal Navy officer)
Rear-Admiral Sir Robert Hagan (3 November 1794 – 25 April 1863) was an Irish officer in the British Royal Navy.

Hagan was born in Magherafelt, the fifth son of John Hagan. He entered the Navy, 22 December 1807, serving on HMS Surveillante under Captain George Collier. He remained on this ship until December 1813 when he joined the crew of HMS Porcupine (1807).

In 1839, he was a corresponding member of the Society for the Extinction of the Slave Trade and for the Civilization of Africa.

He subsequently settled in Cobh (Queenstown), Ireland, where he was appointed Inspecting Commander of the Cork District Coast guard in 1843. In this capacity he submitted evidence to the Transatlantic Packet Station Commission in 1851.

He died suddenly in 1863 at 17 Pembroke Road, Dublin.

Coast guard
A coast guard or coastguard is a maritime security organization of a particular country. The term embraces wide range of responsibilities in different countries, from being a heavily armed military force with customs and security duties to being a volunteer organization tasked with search and rescue without law enforcement authority. In most countries, a typical coast guard's functions are distinct from those of the navy (a military branch) and the transit police (a law enforcement agency), while in certain countries they have similarities to both.
Clayton Daniels
Clayton Daniels, previously Clayton Jagers, (born 10 July 1984) is a South African soccer player who played as a defender.

He was born in Bishop Lavis on the Cape Flats.

Daniels left Cape Town Spurs in March 2024; the 2023–24 season saw the club relegated. He turned 40 in July, but initially did not want to retire before the age of 42.

Daniels joined Crystal Palace, from Manenberg, in December 2024.

Bishop Lavis
Bishop Lavis is a suburb of Cape Town, located 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of the city centre near Cape Town International Airport. It had, as of 2001, a population of 44,419 people, of whom 97% described themselves as Coloured, and 90% spoke Afrikaans while 9% spoke English. The official 2011 census gave the population figure as 26,482.
Theodore S. Curtis Jr.
Theodore S. Curtis Jr. (September 23, 1940 – April 24, 2015) was an American politician from Maine. Curtis, a Republican representing Orono, Maine, served in the Maine House of Representatives from 1971 to 1975 and the Maine Senate from 1975 to 1978.

Maine Senate
44°18′26″N 69°46′54″W﻿ / ﻿44.307138°N 69.781586°W﻿ / 44.307138; -69.781586

The Maine Senate is the upper house of the Maine Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maine. The Senate currently consists of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, though the Maine Constitution allows for "an odd number of Senators, not less than 31 nor more than 35". Unlike the lower House, the Senate does not set aside nonvoting seats for Native tribes.  Because it is a part-time position, members of the Maine Senate usually have outside employment as well.

The Senate meets at the Maine State House in Augusta. Members are limited to four consecutive terms with each term being two years but may run again after a two-year wait.
Justice League Task Force (video game)
Justice League Task Force is a competitive fighting game for the Genesis and Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1995. The Genesis version was developed by Condor (later known as Blizzard North) and the Super NES version was by Blizzard Entertainment.

It involves characters from DC Comics' Justice League, including Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, Green Arrow, The Flash, and Aquaman. Additional Justice League members Martian Manhunter and Fire, as well as the supervillain Shrapnel, were also planned to appear but had to be omitted due to memory limitations.

Shrapnel (DC Comics)
Shrapnel (Mark Scheffer) is a supervillain appearing in media published by DC Comics, primarily as an enemy of the Outsiders and the Doom Patrol.

Shrapnel has appeared in Batman: The Brave and the Bold and the second season of Arrow, voiced by Greg Ellis in the former and portrayed by Sean Maher in the latter.
Gestronol
Gestronol (BANTooltip British Approved Name), also known as gestonorone, as well as 17α-hydroxy-19-norprogesterone or 17α-hydroxy-19-norpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, is a progestin of the 19-norprogesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone groups which was never marketed. The C17α caproate ester of gestronol, gestonorone caproate (gestronol hexanoate), in contrast, has been marketed.

Gestronol shows relatively low affinity for the progesterone receptor, only about 12.5% of that of progesterone and about 2.5% of that of 19-norprogesterone in one assay. On the other hand, gestronol had far higher affinity than 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, which showed less than 0.1% of the affinity of progesterone for the progesterone receptor.

Caproic acid
Caproic acid, also known as hexanoic acid, is the carboxylic acid derived from hexane with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)4COOH. It is a colorless oily liquid with a fatty, cheesy, waxy odor resembling that of goats or other barnyard animals. It is a fatty acid found naturally in various animal fats and oils, and is one of the chemicals that gives the decomposing fleshy seed coat of the ginkgo its characteristic unpleasant odor. It is also one of the components of vanilla and cheese. Salts and esters of caproic acid are known as caproates or hexanoates.

Two other acids are named after goats: caprylic acid (C8) and capric acid (C10). Along with caproic acid, they account for 15% of the fat in goat's milk.

Caproic, caprylic, and capric acids (capric is a crystal- or wax-like substance, whereas the other two are mobile liquids) are used for the formation of esters, and also commonly used "neat" in: butter, milk, cream, strawberry, bread, beer, nut, and other flavors.
Michael Hannan (bishop)
Michael Hannan (20 July 1821 – 17 April 1882) was a Roman Catholic priest and archbishop.

Born in  County Limerick, Republic of Ireland, Hannan came to Halifax in 1840 to teach and finish his studies for the priesthood. Hannan was ordained by Archbishop William Walsh in 1845 and became a parish priest in Bermuda which was part of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Halifax at the time. He returned to Nova Scotia in 1847 and served in increasingly important positions within the archdiocese.

He served as archbishop from 1877 to 1882 and was followed by Cornelius O'Brien.

County Limerick
County Limerick (Irish: Contae Luimnigh) is a western county in Ireland. It is in the province of Munster and is located in the Mid-West which comprises part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Limerick. Limerick City and County Council is the local council for the county. The county's population at the 2022 census was 209,536 of whom 102,287 lived in Limerick City, the county capital.
Ricardo Pacheco Rodríguez
Ricardo Fidel Pacheco Rodríguez (born 18 September 1963) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRI. As of 2013 he served as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Durango. He also served as Senator during the LX and LXI Legislatures.

LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LX Legislature (60th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 1, 2006, to September 1, 2009. All members of both the lower and upper houses of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2006.