hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Writers in Finland 1809–1916
Writers in Finland 1809–1916 (Finnish: Suomen kirjailijat 1809–1916; Swedish: Finlands författare 1809–1916) is a biographical dictionary that includes writers in Finland during the Grand Duchy of Finland (1809–1916), when Finland was an autonomous part of the Russian Empire. It was published in 1993 as a collaboration between the Finnish Literature Society (Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura) and the Society of Swedish Literature in Finland (Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland). The volume includes 1,471 writers across 954 pages and is considered to be one of "the two most important works" on the subject.

Society of Swedish Literature in Finland
The Society of Swedish Literature in Finland (Swedish: Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland r.f.; abbr. SLS) is a scholarly society for the collection, archiving and dissemination of knowledge about Finland-Swedish culture. SLS publishes scholarly literature, maintains archives and libraries, funds research and awards literary and scholarly prizes and scholarships. SLS's activity is made possible by private donations. SLS is one of the largest managers of private charitable funds in Finland.
Brown box crab
The brown box crab (Echidnocerus foraminatus) is a king crab that lives from Prince William Sound, Alaska to San Diego, California, at depths of 0–547 metres (0–1,795 ft). It reaches a carapace length of 150 millimetres (5.9 in) and feeds on bivalves and detritus. The box crab gets its name from a pair of round tunnel-like openings that form between the claws and adjacent legs when the animal folds its limbs up against its body. Both claws, and their adjacent legs, have matching half-circle notches in them that line up to create a circle-shaped opening when the limbs are tightly pulled against one another. This tubular round opening is called a foramen. The crab often lies buried in the sediment, and the two foramens in the chelipeds allow water into the gill chamber for respiration. The gill chamber is also sometimes used by the commensal fish Careproctus to hold its eggs.

Detritus
In biology, detritus (/dəˈtraɪtəs/ or /ˈdɛtrɪtəs/) is organic matter made up of the decomposing remains of organisms and plants, and also of feces. Detritus usually hosts communities of microorganisms that colonize and decompose (remineralise) it. Such microorganisms may be decomposers, detritivores, or coprophages.

In terrestrial ecosystems detritus is present as plant litter and other organic matter that is intermixed with soil, known as soil organic matter. The detritus of aquatic ecosystems is organic substances suspended in the water and accumulated in depositions on the floor of the body of water; when this floor is a seabed, such a deposition is called marine snow.
Felix Ucko
Felix Alfred Ucko (January 4, 1919 – October 27, 1996) was an American field hockey player. He competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics and the 1956 Summer Olympics. In the 1956 games, he played alongside his brother, Kurt Ucko.

Additionally, he was a psychiatrist. He was a member of the American Psychiatric Association, the American Association of Community Psychiatrists, and other professional organizations.

American Association of Community Psychiatrists
The American Association of Community Psychiatrists (AACP) is a United States–based organization of recovery-oriented and recovery focused psychiatrists, psychologists and social workers who primarily work in community-based settings. It was founded in 1985 "to encourage, equip, and empower community and public psychiatrists to develop and implement policies and high-quality practices that promote individual, family and community resilience and recovery." The AACP has published a number of texts on community psychiatry. Its most prominent publication is the peer-reviewed Community Mental Health Journal, published by Springer.
Special Area No. 3
Special Area No. 3 is a special area in southern Alberta, Canada. It is a rural municipality similar to a municipal district; however, the elected council is overseen by four representatives appointed by the province, the Special Areas Board.

The Blood Indian Creek Reservoir is located within Special Area 3.

Southern Alberta
Southern Alberta is a region located in the Canadian province of Alberta.  In 2016, the region's population was approximately 291,112. The primary cities are Lethbridge and Medicine Hat. The region is known mostly for agricultural production, but other sectors, such as alternative energy, film production and tourism, are emerging.
Matterhorn (Nevada)
Matterhorn is the highest mountain in the Jarbidge Mountains of northern Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is the fifteenth-most topographically prominent peak in the state. The summit is located in the Jarbidge Wilderness, which is administered by the Jarbidge Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. Its name is derived from the Matterhorn in the Alps of Europe, due mainly to the cliffs located immediately adjacent to the summit on the north and northeast.

Elko County, Nevada
Elko County is a county in the northeastern corner of Nevada, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 53,702. Its county seat is Elko. The county was established on March 5, 1869, from Lander County. Elko County is the fourth-largest county by area in the contiguous United States, ranking lower when the boroughs of Alaska are included. It is one of only 10 counties in the U.S. with more than 10,000 square miles (25,900 km2) of area. Elko County is the second-largest county by area in Nevada, with only Nye County being larger. Elko County is part of the Elko micropolitan statistical area. It contains 49.8 percent of the Duck Valley Indian Reservation, set up in the late 19th century for the Shoshone-Paiute peoples; they are a federally recognized tribe. Although slightly more than 50% of the reservation is across the border in Owyhee County, Idaho, the majority of tribal members live on the Nevada side. The reservation's land area is 450.391 square miles (1,166.5 km2).
Jaunā pasaule (Liepāja)
Jaunā pasaule (the New World) is a neighborhood of Liepāja, Latvia. It is located near the east border of the city, south of the Zaļā birzeneighborhood and the Jelgava–Liepāja Railway. The neighborhood is home to Liepāja Bus Park and various businesses, as well as residential areas.

Liepāja
Liepāja (pronounced [liepaːja] ⓘ) (formerly: Libau) is a state city in western Latvia, located on the Baltic Sea. It is the largest city in the Courland region and the third-largest in the country after Riga and Daugavpils. It is an important ice-free port.

In the 19th and early 20th century, it was a favourite place for sea-bathers and travellers, with the town boasting a fine park, many pretty gardens and a theatre. Liepāja is however known throughout Latvia as the "City where the wind is born", likely because of the constant sea breeze. A song of the same name (Latvian: "Pilsētā, kurā piedzimst vējš") was composed by Imants Kalniņš and has become the anthem of the city. Its reputation as the windiest city in Latvia was strengthened with the construction of the largest wind farm in the nation (33 Enercon wind turbines) nearby.

Liepāja is chosen as the European Capital of Culture in 2027.
Charter
A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Rights
Rights are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; that is, rights are the fundamental normative rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people according to some legal system, social convention, or ethical theory. Rights are an important concept in law and ethics, especially theories of justice and deontology.

The history of social conflicts has often involved attempts to define and redefine rights. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "rights structure the form of governments, the content of laws, and the shape of morality as it is currently perceived".
Maxime Masson
Maxime Masson (October 15, 1867, in Saint-Justin – October 2, 1960) was a Roman Catholic priest. He was the main architect of religious buildings in the town of Sainte-Thècle, located in Mauricie, in the province of Quebec. He was pastor of the Sainte-Thècle parish for 52 years. During that time, he was the main coordinator for the construction of the church from 1903 to 1905, as well as the rectory and other buildings on the lot of the Fabrique de Sainte-Thècle. He was instrumental in the erection of the monastery (couvent in French) in 1912, led by the religious community Daughters of Jesus ("Filles de Jésus" in French), and the erection in 1939 of the first college run by the religious Brothers of St. Gabriel (Frères de Saint-Gabriel in French).

Daughters of Jesus
The Daughters of Jesus (French: Filles de Jésus) is a French Roman Catholic congregation of religious sisters, founded in 1834 at Kermaria-Sulard, Brittany, in the Diocese of Vannes. Its goal is the care of the sick poor, and the education of girls. Today their motto is "Following Jesus on the road of human life."
The Massacre of the Innocents (Poussin)
The Massacre of the Innocents (French: Le Massacre des Innocents) is a 1625-1632 painting by Nicolas Poussin, showing the Massacre of the Innocents. It was probably commissioned by the Roman collector Vincenzo Giustiniani, probably in memory of the tragic fate of the Giustiniani children taken hostage by the Ottoman Empire in 1564. It remained in the Palazzo Giustiniani until 1804, when it was bought by Lucien Bonaparte. It then passed through several other hands before being bought in London by Henri d'Orleans, Duke of Aumale. It is now in the Musée Condé in Chantilly, France.

Musée Condé
The Musée Condé (French: [myze kɔ̃de]) – in English, the Condé Museum – is a French museum located inside the Château de Chantilly in Chantilly, Oise, 40 km (24.8 mi) north of Paris. In 1897, Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale, son of Louis Philippe I, bequeathed the château and its collections to the Institut de France. It included rooms remodeled as museum spaces and those left as residential quarters in the styles of the 18th and 19th centuries.
Peter Baldrachi
Peter Baldrachi (born February 12, 1967) is an American Boston-based singer-songwriter, drummer and guitarist.  His style and sound has been compared to the likes of Paul Westerberg, Velvet Crush, Teenage Fanclub, and Big Star. His classic pop songwriting mixes in bits and pieces of Matthew Sweet, late-era Replacements, Goats Head Soup -era Rolling Stones, and on the more obscure side, The Beatifics and The Gladhands. He has released four well-received albums and several singles since 2006.

Teenage Fanclub
Teenage Fanclub are a Scottish alternative rock band formed in Glasgow in 1989. The group were founded by Norman Blake (vocals, guitar), Raymond McGinley (vocals, lead guitar) and Gerard Love (vocals, bass), all of whom shared lead vocals and songwriting duties until Love's departure in 2018. As of 2023, the band's lineup consists of Blake, McGinley, Francis Macdonald (drums, vocals), Dave McGowan (bass, vocals) and Euros Childs (keyboards, vocals).

In concert the band usually alternate among its songwriters, giving equal playing time to each one's songs. Although often pegged as alternative rock, the group have incorporated a wide variety of elements from various music styles.

Teenage Fanclub have had a succession of drummers, namely Francis Macdonald, Brendan O'Hare and Paul Quinn. Keyboardist Finlay Macdonald (no relation) has also been a member. As of 2023, the band have released 12 studio albums and two compilation albums.
Diorygma intermedium
Diorygma intermedium is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It is found in Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean, where it grows in sun-exposed tropical rainforests and restingas. The species was described as new to science in 2004 by the lichenologists Klaus Kalb, Bettina Staiger, and John A. Elix from a collection made in Trinidad. It contains hypostictic and hypoconstictic acids as its main secondary metabolites (lichen products).

Graphidaceae
The Graphidaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. The family contains nearly a hundred genera and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a cosmopolitan distribution, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropical regions, and typically grow on bark. These lichens are characterized by their crust-like growth form and typically partner with orange-pigmented Trentepohlia algae. Many species produce distinctive elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies, and some have unusually large ascospores that can begin germinating almost immediately upon release. The family originated approximately 176 million years ago and has diversified steadily since, with major bursts of new species arising alongside the spread of flowering plants and tropical rainforests.
James S. Vlasto
Dimitrius Solon "James" Vlasto (June 11, 1934 – January 19, 2017) was an American editor, political public relations consultant and public servant who served in federal, New York state and city senior government positions.

Abraham Beame
Abraham David Beame (né Birnbaum; March 20, 1906 – February 10, 2001) was an English-born American accountant, investor, and Democratic Party politician who served from 1974 to 1977 as the 105th mayor of New York City. Beame presided over the city during the 1975 New York City fiscal crisis, when the city was almost forced to declare bankruptcy.
Bubblegum, Lemonade, and... Something for Mama
Bubblegum, Lemonade &... Something for Mama is the second solo album released by Cass Elliot under the billing "Mama Cass". It was recorded in 1969 and arranged and produced by Steve Barri. The album was originally released in June 1969 with 11 tracks, but was re-released in November 1969 with 12 tracks ("Make Your Own Kind of Music" had just become a hit and was added to the album), a modified track order, a different album cover, and the new title of Make Your Own Kind of Music/It’s Getting Better. Though primarily a "bubblegum" pop album, several other types of music are also represented, including country, tin pan alley, and jazz.

Diane Hildebrand
Diane Hildebrand (April 13, 1945 - February 19, 2025) was an American pop singer-songwriter. She wrote for several musicians during the 1960s and 1970s, but is most notable for her work with Screen Gems Music Publishing, penning material for the band the Monkees. In 1969, Hildebrand recorded her debut studio album, Early Morning Blues and Greens. She later released two additional albums under the name Joya Diane Skye.
Choisya
Choisya /ˈʃɔɪziə/ is a small genus of aromatic evergreen shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. Members of the genus are commonly known as Mexican orange due to the similarity of their flowers to those of the closely related orange, both in shape and scent. They are native to southern North America, from Arizona, New Mexico, Texas and south through most of Mexico. In its  generic name Humboldt and Bonpland honoured Swiss botanist Jacques Denis Choisy (1799–1859).

Rutaceae
The Rutaceae (/ruːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.

Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from herbs to shrubs and large trees.

The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the orange (C. × sinensis), lemon (C. × limon), grapefruit (C. × paradisi), and lime (various). Boronia is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include Zanthoxylum, several species of which are cultivated for Sichuan pepper, Melicope, and Agathosma. The family Rutaceae contains about 160 genera.
Loftis
Loftis is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Curtis M. Loftis, Jr. (born 1958), American politician, businessman and philanthropist

Dwight Loftis (born 1943), American politician

Norman Loftis, American poet

Robert Geers Loftis (born 1956), American diplomat

Zenas Sanford Loftis (1881–1909), American missionary to Tibet

Zenas Sanford Loftis
Zenas Sanford Loftis (11 May 1881 - 12 August 1909) was an American physician who worked briefly as a medical missionary in Batang, a largely Tibetan town in Sichuan Province of West China. His photography and published diary contained accounts of culture, religious traditions, and the geography of China and Tibet.

Albert Shelton, the head of the Batang mission, wrote that Loftis "was a man who loved all the beauties of nature and was able to see God on every hand." He believed that Loftis would be a capable replacement for him when he and his family went on furlough to the United States. Upon arrival in June 1909, Loftis accepted the responsibility of the mission's dispensary until his death two months later from typhus fever and smallpox.
Quinton Barnes
Quinton Barnes is a Canadian singer, rapper, and producer whose music blends hip hop, rhythm and blues and electronic elements. He is most noted for his 2025 album Code Noir, which was longlisted for the 2025 Polaris Music Prize.

Originally from Kitchener, Ontario, he is currently based in Montreal, Quebec.

He released his debut album Aarupa in 2020, and followed up with As a Motherfucker in 2021.

Kitchener, Ontario
Kitchener is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario, about 100 km (62 mi) west of Toronto. It is one of three cities that make up the Regional Municipality of Waterloo and is the regional seat. Kitchener was known as Berlin until a 1916 referendum changed its name. The city covers an area of 136.86 km2, and had a population of 256,885 at the time of the 2021 Canadian census.

The Regional Municipality of Waterloo has 673,910 people as of year-end 2023, making it the 10th-largest census metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada and the fourth-largest CMA in Ontario. Kitchener and Waterloo are considered "twin cities", which are often referred to jointly as "Kitchener–Waterloo" (K–W), although they have separate municipal governments.
Barathea (horse)
Barathea (2 March 1990 – 14 May 2009) was an Irish-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse. In a racing career which lasted from October 1992 until November 1993 he ran sixteen times and won five races. In 1994 Barathea won the Breeders' Cup Mile at Churchill Downs and was named European Horse of the Year at the Cartier Racing Awards. He went on to become a successful stallion.

Breeders' Cup Mile
The  Breeders' Cup Mile is a 1-mile (1.6 km) Grade 1 Weight for Age stakes race for thoroughbred racehorses three years old and up, run on a turf course. It has been conducted annually as part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships since the event's inception in 1984. All Breeders' Cups to date have been held in the United States except for the 1996 event in Canada.

The purse was raised from $1.5 million US to $2 million in 2007.

Freddy Head has won this race twice as a jockey and three times as a trainer.

There is no official stakes record for the Breeders' Cup Mile as it is run on different racecourses each year, some of which are significantly faster than others. In 2012, Wise Dan set a then-course record at Santa Anita with his time of 1:31.78. Although Tourist ran faster than this with a time of 1:31.71 in 2016, he just missed the current Santa Anita course record of 1:31.69.
Paul Anton
Paul Viorel Anton (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈpaul vi.oˈrel anˈton]; born 10 May 1991) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Nemzeti Bajnokság I club Győr, which he captains.

Nemzeti Bajnokság I
The Nemzeti Bajnokság (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈnɛmzɛti ˈbɒjnokʃaːɡ], lit. 'national championship'), also known as NB I or Fizz Liga after its title sponsor, OTP Bank's webshop subsidiary, is a professional association football league in Hungary and the highest level of the Hungarian football league system.

Twelve teams compete in the league, playing each other three times, once at home, once away, and the third match is played at the stadium that the last match was not played at. At the end of the season, the top team enters the qualification rounds for the UEFA Champions League, while the runner-up and the third place, together with the winner of the Magyar Kupa enter the UEFA Conference League qualification rounds. The bottom two clubs are relegated to Nemzeti Bajnokság II, the second-level league, to be replaced by the winner and the runner up of the NB II.
Numbered Account (horse)
Numbered Account (1969–1996) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who was voted the American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly of 1971. She was bred and raced by Ogden Phipps and trained by Roger Laurin.

On May 19, 1971, Numbered Account set a Fashion Stakes record of 0:57 2/5 for five furlongs on dirt at Aqueduct Racetrack. On October 22, 1972, in winning the Spinster Stakes she equaled the Keeneland track record of 1:47 2/5 for 1 1/8 miles (9 furlongs) on dirt set by Round Table in 1957.

Numbered Account retired in 1974 after three years in racing having won fourteen of her twenty-two starts and $607,048. She was sent to broodmare duty at Claiborne Farm near Paris, Kentucky. Of her best foals, she was the dam of Grade 1 winners Dance Number (by Northern Dancer) and Private Account (by Damascus) who sired Personal Ensign.  She also appears twice in the pedigree of 2014 Kentucky Derby winner California Chrome.

American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly
The American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly is an American Thoroughbred horse racing honor awarded annually to a female horse in Thoroughbred flat racing. It became part of the Eclipse Awards program in 1971.

The award originated in 1936 when both the Daily Racing Form (DRF) and Turf and Sports Digest (TSD) magazine began naming an annual champion. Starting in 1950, the Thoroughbred Racing Associations (TRA) began naming its own champion. The following list provides the name of the horses chosen by both of these organizations. There were several disagreements, with more than one champion being recognized on seven occasions.

The Daily Racing Form, the Thoroughbred Racing Associations, and the National Turf Writers Association all joined forces in 1971 to create the Eclipse Award. In 1978, the voting resulted in a tie between two fillies.

Champions from 1887 through 1935 were selected retrospectively by a panel of experts as published by The Blood-Horse magazine.
Villalba v Merrill Lynch & Co Inc
Villalba v Merrill Lynch & Co Inc [2007] ICR 469 is a UK labour law case, concerning sex discrimination and equal pay. It was the largest claim to be lodged in the United Kingdom, but was rejected in the Employment Tribunal and on appeal.

Equal pay for equal work
Equal pay for equal work is the concept of labour rights that individuals in the same workplace be given equal pay. It is most commonly used in the context of sexual discrimination, in relation to the gender pay gap. Equal pay relates to the full range of payments and benefits, including basic pay, non-salary payments, bonuses and allowances. Some countries have moved faster than others in addressing equal pay.