hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mount Defiance (Washington)
Mount Defiance is a 5,584-foot (1,702-metre) mountain summit located in King County of Washington state. It is part of the Cascade Range and is within the Alpine Lakes Wilderness. Mount Defiance is situated 6.5 mi (10.5 km) west of Snoqualmie Pass on land managed by Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. Precipitation runoff on the mountain drains into tributaries of the Snoqualmie River. The nearest higher peak is Granite Mountain, 3.96 mi (6.37 km) to the east-southeast, and Bandera Mountain is 1.85 mi (2.98 km) to the southeast. Mount Defiance can be reached by trail, with access via the Ira Spring, Talapus Lake, or Pratt Lake trailheads.

Lithosphere
A lithosphere is the rigid outermost rocky shell of a terrestrial planet or natural satellite. On Earth, it is composed of the crust and the lithospheric mantle, the topmost portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of up to thousands of years or more. The crust and upper mantle are distinguished on the basis of chemistry and mineralogy.
Fjordbåtene i Brevik
Fjordbåtene i Brevik is a passenger ferry operator based in Porsgrunn, Norway, that provides the route Brevik–Sandøya–Bjørkøya–Brevik twenty-four times daily on contract with Vestviken Kollektivtrafikk. The company is owned by the City of Porsgrunn.

Vestfold Kollektivtrafikk
Vestfold Kollektivtrafikk (VKT) (lit. Vestfold Public Transport) is the public transport administration for the county of Vestfold in Norway. VKT is responsible for planning, organising and marketing bus transport in the county, but does not operate any buses. Instead the operation is done by private companies based on public service obligation contracts or negotiations. VKT is organised as a limited company owned by the county administration. The administration is located in Tønsberg.

VKT organises bus routes managed by 650 buses driving 26 million km per year.
Linnemann
Linnemann is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carsten Linnemann (born 1977), German politician

Eduard Linnemann (1841–1886), German chemist

Eta Linnemann (1926–2009), German theologian

Felix Linnemann (1882–1948), German executive

James T. Linnemann, American physicist

James T. Linnemann
James T. Linnemann is an American physicist.

From Michigan State University, Linnemann was awarded the status of Fellow in the American Physical Society, after he was nominated by the Division of Particles and Fields in 2009, for original research in high energy physics and particle astrophysics through electronics and software applications, seminal contributions to the discoveries of the top quark and TeV gamma-ray sources, searches for supersymmetry, and applications of statistics.
Joint National Association of Persons with Disabilities
The Joint National Association of Persons with Disabilities (JONAPWD) is the umbrella organization established in 1992 that brings together all disability institutions in Nigeria. The national headquarters is located in Abuja and its current national president is Abdullahi Aliyu Usman. Internationally, the organization is a member of the Commonwealth Disabled People's Forum and the African Disability Forum.

The main activities they carry out revolve around raising awareness of the existence of people with disabilities throughout the country, promoting their rights with the creation of laws and regulations according to their needs, in order to socially integrate them into national public life and they also support research on the different challenges and problems they face in daily life, all of the above with the aim of improving the quality of life of disabled people.

Umbrella organization
An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and identities to the smaller organizations. In this kind of arrangement, it is sometimes responsible, to some degree, for the groups under its care. Umbrella organizations are prominent in cooperatives and in civil society, and can engage in advocacy or collective bargaining on behalf of their members.
Trying to Never Catch Up
Trying to Never Catch Up is the first album by the Indie band What Made Milwaukee Famous, originally recorded in 2004 and re-recorded in 2006 with a changeup in the track list and a few new tunes for release on Barsuk Records.

Barsuk Records
Barsuk Records (/bɑːrˈsuːk/ bar-SOOK) is an independent record label based in Seattle, Washington which was founded in 1998 by Christopher Possanza and Josh Rosenfeld, the members of the band This Busy Monster, to release their band's material. Its logo is a drawing of a dog holding a vinyl record in its mouth.

Barsuk played a key role in shaping the mainstream view of indie rock in its early years, with albums like Nada Surf's Let Go, The Long Winters' When I Pretend to Fall, and Death Cab for Cutie's influential fourth album, Transatlanticism. The label also became a platform for Seattle-based singer-songwriters such as Rocky Votolato, Jesse Sykes, and David Bazan.

The name of the label comes from the Russian word барсук [barˈsuk], "badger". However, the label is named after Possanza and Jason Avinger's dog, a black Labrador. The dog can be heard barking in two This Busy Monster tracks: "Song 69" and "Time to Sleep".
John Chandler House
The John Chandler House, 1/4 mile southwest of Kentucky 210, one-half mile northwest of Kentucky 883, near Campbellsville, Kentucky, was built in the early 19th century.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

Built by John Chandler, pioneer Baptist Minister.

Campbellsville, Kentucky
Campbellsville is a city in central Kentucky, United States, founded in 1817 by Andrew Campbell. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 11,426. It is known for Campbellsville University, Taylor Regional Hospital health care system, its historic downtown, and the proximity to Green River Lake State Park. Campbellsville is the county seat of Taylor County which has a geographic boundary shaped like a heart. Campbellsville celebrated its bicentennial on July 4, 2017.
James Harvey Young
James Harvey Young (September 8, 1915 – July 29, 2006) was social historian most well known as an expert on the history of medical frauds and quackery.

Young was born in Brooklyn, New York. He received his Ph.D. in history from the University of Illinois. From 1941 he worked as a professor of history at Emory University.

His The Medical Messiahs: A Social History of Health Quackery in Twentieth-Century America (1967) was a scholarly volume that documented many of the medical frauds in the United States.

Quackery
Quackery, often synonymous with health fraud, is the promotion of fraudulent or ignorant medical practices. A quack is a "fraudulent or ignorant pretender to medical skill" or "a person who pretends, professionally or publicly, to have skill, knowledge, qualification or credentials they do not possess; a charlatan or snake oil salesman". The term quack is a clipped form of the archaic term quacksalver, derived from Dutch: kwakzalver a "hawker of salve" or rather somebody who boasted about their salves, more commonly known as ointments. In the Middle Ages the term quack meant "shouting". The quacksalvers sold their wares at markets by shouting to gain attention.

Common elements of general quackery include questionable diagnoses using questionable diagnostic tests, as well as untested or refuted treatments, especially for serious diseases such as cancer. Quackery is often described as "health fraud" with the salient characteristic of aggressive promotion.
Combat Aviation Brigade, 34th Infantry Division
The Combat Aviation Brigade, 34th Infantry Division is a Combat Aviation Brigade of the Minnesota National Guard and the United States Army. The brigade provides aviation capabilities to the state of Minnesota when in State Active Duty Status. The brigade is based in Saint Paul and uses UH-60 Black Hawk and CH-47 Chinook helicopters, and C-12 Huron fixed-wing aircraft for federal and state missions.

834th Aviation Support Battalion
The 834th Aviation Support Battalion (834th ASB) is a US Army National Guard battalion headquartered in Arden Hills, Minnesota. It has units and elements in Minnesota, Mississippi, and Oklahoma. The battalion has over 670 soldiers and is designed to support a Combat Aviation Brigade (CAB). The 834th ASB is an organic part of the 34th Combat Aviation Brigade (Expeditionary), 34th "Red Bull" Infantry Division.
Methiini
Methiini is an obsolete tribe of beetles in the subfamily Cerambycinae, now placed in the Xystrocerini.

It contained the following genera:

Coleomethia

Cyanomethia

Methia

Methicula

Paratessaropa

Pseudomethia

Styloxus

Tessaropa

Styloxus
Styloxus is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

Styloxus angelesae Noguera, 2005

Styloxus bicolor (Champlain & Knull, 1922)

Styloxus fulleri (Horn, 1880)

Styloxus fuscus Chemsak & Linsley, 1964

Styloxus lucanus LeConte, 1873

Styloxus oblatipilis Chemsak & Linsley, 1964

Styloxus parvulus Chemsak & Linsley, 1964
Hoher Kleef
The Hoher Kleef (306 m above sea level (NN)) is a rock formation in Rübeland in the district of Harz within the Harz mountains of Germany. It is mainly composed of granite.

The Hoher Kleef can be reached via a footpath. It lies only a few metres away from the Harzer Hexenstieg ("Harz Witches' Path"). An observation pavilion was erected here at the start of the 20th century, from which there is an expansive view of the village, the River Bode and the surrounding Harz mountains as far as the Wurmberg and the Brocken.

There is a checkpoint, No. 88, for the Harzer Wandernadel hiking network at the Hoher Kleef viewing point.

Rübeland
Rübeland (German pronunciation: [ˈʁyːbəlant]) is a village in the district of Harz in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. Since 2004, it has been given the additional description of Höhlenort ("cave site"). The sub-districts of Rübeland are Susenburg, Kaltes Tal, Kreuztal and Neuwerk. Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the town Oberharz am Brocken. Its population is 424 (2021).
HMAS Diamantina
Two ships of the Royal Australian Navy have been named HMAS Diamantina, after the Diamantina River in Queensland, named in honour of the wife of Governor of Queensland, Lady Diamantina Roma Bowen for her contribution to the State of Queensland.

HMAS Diamantina (K377), a River-class frigate commissioned in 1945, decommissioned in 1980, and preserved as a museum ship

HMAS Diamantina (M 86), a Huon-class minehunter, commissioned in 2001 and active as of 2016

HMAS Diamantina (K377)
HMAS Diamantina (K377/F377/A266/GOR266), named after the Diamantina River in Queensland, is a River-class frigate that served the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Constructed in the mid-1940s, Diamantina was active from 1945 until 1946, was placed in reserve, then was recommissioned as a survey ship from 1959 until 1980.

Following her second decommissioning, the frigate was preserved at the Queensland Maritime Museum as a museum ship. She was the last World War II-era frigate to leave RAN service, and of the 151 River-class frigates constructed for 19 navies worldwide, Diamantina is one of only two preserved as a museum ship.
Irthlingborough Diamonds F.C.
Irthlingborough Diamonds was a football club from Irthlingborough, England. Founded in 1946, in 1992 the club merged with Rushden Town to form Rushden & Diamonds, which played at Irthlingborough's Nene Park until financial troubles caused it to enter administration in July 2011.

FA Vase
The Football Association Challenge Vase, also known as the Isuzu FA Vase for sponsorship reasons, is an annual football competition run by and named after The Football Association (The FA), for teams playing in Steps 5 and 6 of the English National League System. Nearly 600 teams participate in this knockout competition with semi-finals played over two legs. The final is played at Wembley Stadium.

The 2025 winners were Whitstable Town, who beat AFC Whyteleafe 2–1 at Wembley Stadium.
Grigory Grum-Grshimailo
Grigory Yefimovich Grum-Grshimailo (Russian: Григо́рий Ефи́мович Грумм-Гржима́йло, 1860–1936) was a Russian zoologist best known for his expeditions to Central Asia (Pamir, Bukhara, Tianshan, Gansu, and Kukunor), western Mongolia and Tuva, and the Russian Far East. In literature his name is sometimes spelled as Grigor Efimowitsch Grumm-Grzhimailo or Grigory Yefimovich Grumm-Grzhimaylo.

Bukhara
Bukhara (/bʊˈxɑːrə/ buu-KHAR-ə) is the seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan by population, with 280,187 residents as of 1 January 2020. It is the capital of Bukhara Region.

The Bukhara region has been inhabited for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time. Located on the Silk Road, the city has long served as a center of trade, scholarship, culture, and religion. Bukhara served as the capital of the Uzbek states such as the Khanate of Bukhara, the Emirate of Bukhara and later the Bukhara People’s Soviet Republic. It was the birthplace of the scholar Imam Bukhari. The city has been known as "Noble Bukhara" (Bukhārā-ye sharīf). Bukhara has about 140 architectural monuments. UNESCO has listed the historic center of Bukhara (which contains numerous mosques and madrasas) as a World Heritage Site.
Elephant Spit
Elephant Spit is a 9 km long sand spit at the eastern end of subantarctic Heard Island, in the Australian territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands, lying in the Southern Ocean on the Kerguelen Plateau about 450 km south-east of the Kerguelen Islands. The name refers to southern elephant seals, also known as sea elephants, which breed in large numbers on Heard Island and formed the basis for commercial sealing for oil there during the 19th century.

Southern elephant seal
The southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) is one of two species of elephant seals. It is the largest member of the clade Pinnipedia and the order Carnivora, as well as the largest extant marine mammal that is not a cetacean. It gets its name from its massive size and the large proboscis of the adult male, which is used to produce very loud roars, especially during the breeding season. A bull southern elephant seal is about 40% heavier than a male northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) and nearly twice the weight of a male walrus (Odobenus rosmarus).
Kevin Max
Kevin Max Smith (born August 17, 1967) is an American singer, songwriter, painter, and poet. He is best known for being a member of the Christian pop group dc Talk. As a solo artist following the band going on hiatus, he has recorded 12 full-length studio albums, including a Christmas album. From 2012 until 2014, he was the lead singer of the band Audio Adrenaline.

Marc Martel
Marc Martel (born November 16, 1976) is a Canadian musician best known for his Queen covers and vocal resemblance to Queen frontman Freddie Mercury. He provided parts of Mercury's singing voice in the 2018 biopic film Bohemian Rhapsody. Based in Nashville, Tennessee, Martel formed the band Downhere in 1999 and now performs with the cover band One Vision of Queen.
Seven Myths about Education
Seven Myths About Education is a book about education by Daisy Christodoulou.  It suggests that declarative knowledge such as facts is being neglected in modern education because of the priority given to procedural knowledge such as skills.  It was first published as an e-book by The Curriculum Centre in 2013 and then in hardback and paperback  by Routledge in 2014.

The seven myths are:

Facts prevent understanding
Teacher-led instruction is passive
The 21st century fundamentally changes everything
You can always just look it up
We should teach transferable skills
Projects and activities are the best way to learn
Teaching knowledge is indoctrination

Hardcover
A hardcover, hard cover, or hardback (also known as hardbound, and sometimes as casebound) book is one bound with rigid protective covers (typically of binder's board or heavy paperboard covered with buckram or other cloth, heavy paper, or occasionally leather). It has a flexible, sewn spine which allows the book to lie flat on a surface when opened. Modern hardcovers may have the pages glued onto the spine in much the same way as paperbacks. Following the ISBN sequence numbers, books of this type may be identified by the abbreviation Hbk.
Bobo Barnett
Chester Eugene "Bobo" Barnett (October 23, 1903 – February 18, 1985) was a clown whose career lasted from the late 1920s to the early 1970s. He played for numerous circuses, most notably with Cole Bros. Clyde Beatty Circus (now known simply as Cole Bros. Circus) and the Shrine Circus. He also appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show. Barnett is one of the main subjects of his daughter Bonnie's autobiography, Bobo's Daughter.

The Ed Sullivan Show
The Ed Sullivan Show is an American television variety show that ran on CBS from June 20, 1948, to March 28, 1971, and was hosted by New York entertainment columnist Ed Sullivan. It was replaced in September 1971 by the CBS Sunday Night Movie.

In 2002, The Ed Sullivan Show was ranked No. 15 on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time. In 2013, the series finished No. 31 in TV Guide Magazine's 60 Best Series of All Time.
Ickleton
Ickleton is a village and civil parish about 9 miles (14 km) south of Cambridge in Cambridgeshire, England. The village is beside the River Cam, close to where a southern branch of the Icknield Way crossed the river. The eastern and southern boundaries of the parish form part of the county boundary with Essex, and the Essex town of Saffron Walden is only about 4.5 miles (7 km) southeast of the village.

The village is mainly grouped around three streets: Abbey Street, Frogge Street, and Church Street, which leads into Brookhampton Street. The village is at the eastern end of its parish, which extends 2 miles (3 km) to the west.

Victoria County History
The Victoria History of the Counties of England, commonly known as the Victoria County History  (VCH), is an English history project which began in 1899 with the aim of creating an encyclopaedic history of each of the historic counties of England, and was dedicated to Queen Victoria. In 2012 the project was rededicated to Queen Elizabeth II in celebration of her Diamond Jubilee year.: 7  Since 1933 the project has been coordinated by the Institute of Historical Research in the University of London.
Doublet (lapidary)
A doublet is a type of assembled gem composed of two horizontal sections. It is sometimes used to imitate other, more expensive gems.

A garnet and glass doublet uses a top portion of natural garnet fused to any color of glass to imitate a gem. The color of glass used in the doublet is all that is seen, as the garnet provides no color. If seen in reflected light, a separation line may be seen. A harder garnet makes the stones more durable. In the case of opal doublets, a backing layer of onyx or matrix (ironstone) gives the more fragile opal layer support and can make the opal look darker and higher quality.

Garnet and glass doublets were first used around 1850 when it was noted that molten glass would adhere to garnet. It was a popular imitation for all types of gems in many colors because the color of the glass became the only color that could be seen. They were still being produced into the early 1900s until actual synthetic gems were introduced.

Ironstone
Ironstone is a sedimentary rock, either deposited directly as a ferruginous sediment or created by chemical replacement, that contains a substantial proportion of an iron ore compound from which iron (Fe) can be smelted commercially.

Not to be confused with native or telluric iron, which is very rare and found in metallic form, the term ironstone is customarily restricted to hard, coarsely banded, non-banded, and non-cherty sedimentary rocks of post-Precambrian age. The Precambrian deposits, which have a different origin, are generally known as banded iron formations. The iron minerals comprising ironstones can consist either of oxides, i.e. limonite, hematite, and magnetite; carbonates, i.e. siderite; silicates, i.e. chamosite; or some combination of these minerals.
Danilo Turcios
Danilo Elvis Turcios Funez (born 8 May 1978) is a Honduran former professional football player and manager.

He was a member of the national squad at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia and the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa.

Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Honduras
Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional de Honduras, known as Liga Hondubet for sponsorship reasons (Honduran National Professional Football League) is the highest division of domestic football in Honduras. The league season is divided into Opening (autumn) and Closing (spring). One team is relegated to the Liga de Ascenso (the team with fewest points in Opening and Closing) and one team is promoted from Liga de Ascenso. The top four clubs participate in play-offs to decide the champion.
Zanthoxylum dipetalum
Zanthoxylum dipetalum is a species of rare tree in the family Rutaceae and in the same genus as Sichuan pepper. It is known by the Hawaiian names kāwa'u and aʻe. It is endemic to the Hawaiian archipelago, where it grows in forests on four of the islands.

There are two varieties.

Z. d. var. dipetalum is present on Kauaʻi, in the mountains of Oʻahu, on Hawaiʻi in Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, and possibly on Molokaʻi.

Z. d. var. tomentosum is known from fewer than 30 individuals on Hualālai volcano on Hawaiʻi. This variety is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.

The roots of Z. dipetalum have been found to contain several chemical compounds, including canthin-6-one, chelerythrine, nitidine, tembetarine, avicennol, xanthoxyletin, lupeol, hesperidin, sitosterol, and magnoflorine.

Chelerythrine
Chelerythrine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid present in the plant Chelidonium majus (greater celandine). It is a potent, selective, and cell-permeable protein kinase C inhibitor in vitro. And an efficacious antagonist of G-protein-coupled CB1 receptors. This molecule also exhibits anticancer qualities and it has served as a base for many potential novel drugs against cancer. Structurally, this molecule has two distinct conformations, one being a positively charged iminium form, and the other being an uncharged form, a pseudo-base.

It is also found in the plants Zanthoxylum clava-herculis and Zanthoxylum rhoifolium, exhibiting antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and other human pathogens.
Cyclooctadiene iridium methoxide dimer
Cyclooctadiene iridium methoxide dimer is an organoiridium compound with the formula Ir2(OCH3)2(C8H12)2, where C8H12 is the diene 1,5-cyclooctadiene. It is a yellow solid that is soluble in organic solvents. The complex is used as a precursor to other iridium complexes, some of which are used in homogeneous catalysis.

The compound is prepared by treating cyclooctadiene iridium chloride dimer with sodium methoxide. In terms of its molecular structure, the iridium centers are square planar as is typical for a d8 complex.  The Ir2O2 core is folded.

An example of where this catalyst was used is in the synthesis of doravirine.

Diene
In organic chemistry, a diene (/ˈdaɪiːn/ DY-een); also diolefin, /daɪˈoʊləfɪn/ dy-OH-lə-fin) or alkadiene) is a covalent compound that contains two double bonds, usually among carbon atoms. They thus contain two alkene units, with the standard prefix di of systematic nomenclature.  As a subunit of more complex molecules, dienes occur in naturally occurring and synthetic chemicals and are used in organic synthesis.  Conjugated dienes are widely used as monomers in the polymer industry. Polyunsaturated fats are of interest to nutrition.