hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2009–10 Tour de Ski
The 2009–10 Tour de Ski was the 4th edition of the Tour de Ski and took place 1–10 January 2010. The race started in Oberhof, Germany, and ended in Val di Fiemme, Italy. The defending champions was Switzerland's Dario Cologna for the men and Finland's Virpi Kuitunen for the women. This year's event was won by Lukáš Bauer of the Czech Republic for the men and Poland's Justyna Kowalczyk for the women.

Fiemme Valley
Fiemme Valley (Italian: Val di Fiemme, German: Fleimstal) is a valley in the Trentino province, i.e. the southern half of the Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol region, in northern Italy, located in the Dolomites mountain region.
USS Commodore McDonough
USS Commodore McDonough was a ferryboat acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. Ferryboats were of great value, since – because of their flat bottom and shallow draft — they could navigate streams and shallow waters that other ships could not.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
MV Wight Light
MV Wight Light is a car and passenger ferry built for the British ferry operator Wightlink. She is in service between mainland England and the Isle of Wight. She has a double end design so she doesn’t have to turn around considering she docks in narrow busy areas along with her sister ships  Wight Sun and Wight Sky.

Wightlink
Wightlink is a ferry company operating routes across The Solent between Hampshire and the Isle of Wight in the south of England. It operates car ferries between Lymington and Yarmouth, and Portsmouth and Fishbourne and a fast passenger-only catamaran between Portsmouth Harbour and Ryde Pier. It is jointly owned by Basalt Infrastructure Partners and Fiera Infrastructure.
16th Cinema Eye Honors
The 16th Cinema Eye Honors recognized outstanding artistry and craft in nonfiction filmmaking of 2022 and took place at the Museum of the Moving Image in Astoria, New York on January 12, 2023.

The broadcast category nominees as well as the recipient of the Legacy Award, given to the 1995 film Crumb, were announced on October 20, 2022. The Unforgettables and the Audience Choice Prize longlist were presented on October 25, 2022, while the nominations for the feature film categories were announced on November 10, 2022.

National Geographic films Fire of Love and The Territory led the nominations with seven each, becoming the films with the most nominations in a year in the history of the awards. In the broadcast nominations, the HBO film Four Hours at the Capitol led with three.

All That Breathes received the Outstanding Non-Fiction Feature while Fire of Love received the most awards with four wins, including three competitive awards plus The Unforgettables Award.

Four Hours at the Capitol
Four Hours at the Capitol is an HBO original documentary film produced in association with the BBC and directed by Jamie Roberts. It was released on October 20, 2021. The film chronicles the 2021 United States Capitol attack and focuses on the hours of 1-5 p.m. through an assortment of footage from that day, some previously unseen, in addition to testimonies from some rioters, law enforcement officers, Members of Congress and staffers who were inside the Capitol Complex.
Tissue factor
Tissue factor, also called platelet tissue factor or Coagulation factor III, is a protein present in subendothelial tissue and leukocytes which plays a major role in coagulation and, in humans, is encoded by F3 gene. Its role in the blood clotting is the initiation of thrombin formation from the zymogen prothrombin. Thromboplastin defines the cascade that leads to the activation of factor X—the tissue factor pathway. In doing so, it has replaced the previously named extrinsic pathway in order to eliminate ambiguity.

Endothelium
The endothelium (pl.: endothelia) is a single layer of squamous endothelial cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. The endothelium forms an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.

Endothelial cells in direct contact with blood are called vascular endothelial cells whereas those in direct contact with lymph are known as lymphatic endothelial cells. Vascular endothelial cells line the entire circulatory system, from the heart to the smallest capillaries.

These cells have unique functions that include fluid filtration, such as in the glomerulus of the kidney, blood vessel tone, hemostasis, neutrophil recruitment, and hormone trafficking. Endothelium of the interior surfaces of the heart chambers is called endocardium. An impaired function can lead to serious health issues throughout the body.
Jaypuri Gharti
Jaypuri Gharti (Nepali: जयपुरी घर्ती) is a Nepalese politician, Central Committee member to Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist centre). In the 2008 Constituent Assembly election she was elected from the Rolpa-1 constituency, winning 26505 votes.

Rolpa District
28°22′N 082°33′E﻿ / ﻿28.367°N 82.550°E﻿ / 28.367; 82.550﻿ (Rolpa District, Nepal)

Rolpa (Nepali: रोल्पा जिल्ला)Listenⓘ, is a "hill" district in Lumbini Province of Nepal. Rolpa district covers an area of 1,879 km2 (725 sq mi) with population (2011) of 221,177.  Rolpa town is the district's administrative center.

The various grievances of Rolpa's population made the district ripe for revolt.  It became a "Maoist Stronghold" of the Communist Party of Nepal.  In May 2002 a major battle between Maoist guerrillas and the army was fought at Lisne Lekh near the Rolpa-Pyuthan border.
Marit Røgeberg
Marit Røgeberg (13 September 1945 – 27 June 2020) was a Norwegian politician for the Socialist Left Party.

She grew up at Kjelsås and lived in London, Oslo and Holmen before settling in Heggedal in 1978. She was elected member of Asker municipal council from 1976 to 1984 and Akershus county council from 1991 to 1995. She served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Akershus during the term 1985–1989. In total she met during 16 days of parliamentary session.

She worked with marketing in the local newspaper Asker og Bærums Budstikke, and was active in the Norwegian Humanist Association, Amnesty International and the Norwegian Red Cross among others.

Røgeberg died on 27 June 2020.

Heggedal
Heggedal is a part of the Asker municipality in Akershus county, Norway. For statistical purposes, it's usually treated as part of the Oslo urban area.  In 2000, its population was 3,301 , and the election district named Heggedal had 2,329 registered voters in the 2005 election. It is mainly a residential area, though the area has a railway station, a church, a library, a  middle school and a primary school.
Moriyama, Shiga
Moriyama (守山市, Moriyama-shi) is a city located in Shiga Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 August 2021, the city had an estimated population of 85,485 in 34,366 households and a population density of 1533.63 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 55.74 square kilometres (21.52 sq mi).

Lake Biwa
Lake Biwa (Japanese: 琵琶湖, Hepburn: Biwa-ko) is the largest freshwater lake in Japan. It is located entirely within Shiga Prefecture (west-central Honshu), northeast of the former capital city of Kyoto. Lake Biwa is an ancient lake, over 4 million years old. It is estimated to be the 13th oldest lake in the world. Because of its proximity to the country's historical capital Kyoto, references to Lake Biwa appear frequently in Japanese literature, particularly in poetry and in historical accounts of battles.
Phofo
Phofo (a.k.a. Adam Weitz) is a music producer from New York. He is best known for composing score for Sushi Pack (a Saturday morning cartoon on CBS), Disney's Club Penguin, and Care Bears. Alongside MF DOOM and Prince Paul (producer), Phofo was responsible for producing and engineering MC Paul Barman's critically acclaimed Paullelujah! LP (Coup d'État). He was a contributing writer to McSweeney's "Created in Darkness by Troubled Americans" (Knopf/Random House) and a music consultant to This American Life. As a music executive at APM Music in Los Angeles, California, he has collaborated with SZA, Kendrick Lamar, Future (rapper), Drake, The Black Keys, and Dr. Dre. He was notably the subject of the very first article published by BuzzFeed at its launch.

McSweeney's
McSweeney's Publishing is an American nonprofit publishing house founded by Dave Eggers in 1998 and headquartered in San Francisco. The executive director is Amanda Uhle.

McSweeney's first publication was the literary journal Timothy McSweeney's Quarterly Concern in 1998. Since then, the company has published novels, books of poetry, and other periodicals.
Luck (2003 film)
Luck is a 2003 Canadian romantic comedy film written and directed by Peter Wellington. Set in 1972 against the backdrop of the Canada-Russia Summit Series hockey competition, the film stars Luke Kirby as Shane, a man who falls into a gambling addiction after being turned down by his love interest Margaret (Sarah Polley), but concocts a plan to bet heavily on the hockey games in the hopes of both paying off his gambling debt and winning Margaret back.

The film's cast also includes Noam Jenkins, Jed Rees, Sergio Di Zio, Peter MacNeill and Fiona Reid.

The film premiered at the 2003 Montreal World Film Festival. It was subsequently screened at the 2004 South by Southwest festival, where it won the award for best narrative competition feature.

Wellington received a Genie Award nomination for Best Original Screenplay at the 24th Genie Awards.

Sergio Di Zio
Sergio Di Zio is a Canadian actor. He starred in the television series Flashpoint as Michelangelo "Spike" Scarlatti until the show concluded on December 13, 2012. His other works include The Lookout, Cinderella Man, Senior Trip; the television series This is Wonderland, Northern Town; as a voice actor for the animated series Stoked and Babar and the Adventures of Badou. He also appeared in the stage debut of Léo written by Rosa Labordé for which he received a Dora Award nomination in 2006. Di Zio was recently part of an animated show called Grojband, until the show concluded in May 2015. He more recently has transitioned to short films, however he continues to take on various projects.
Martingale (tack)
A martingale is any of several designs of tack that are used on horses to control head carriage. Martingales may be seen in a wide variety of equestrian disciplines, both riding and driving.  Rules for their use vary widely; in some disciplines they are never used, others allow them for schooling but not in judged performance, and some organizations allow certain designs in competition.

The two most common types of martingale, the standing and the running, are used to control the horse's head height, and to prevent the horse from throwing its head so high that the rider loses control over the horse's speed, direction and shape of body. When a horse's head gets above a desired height, the martingale places pressure on the head so that it becomes more difficult or impossible to raise it higher.

Driving (horse)
Driving is the practice of guiding a horse or other draft animal in harness to pull a load. Horses may draw vehicles such as wagons, carts, carriages, coaches, and sleighs, as well as farm implements or other equipment. They are driven for transportation, ceremonial and tourist uses, pleasure, sport, and a variety of working tasks including logging, plowing, and towing boats. Training for driving often begins with ground driving, in which a handler works the animal from behind or alongside.
Sabuktakin
Sabuktakin or Sübüktegin was a Turkic commander in the service of the Buyid dynasty. His power was such that he defied the Buyid ruler Bakhtiyar Izz al-Dawla, and even rose in revolt against him in 974, seizing control of Baghdad and threatening to overthrow Buyid rule in Iraq completely. His career was cut short by his own death in late 974. His successor, Alptakin, was defeated by the Buyids and fled to Damascus, where he eventually joined the Fatimids.

Miskawayh
Ibn Miskuyah (Persian: مُسْکُـوْيَه Muskūyah, 932–1030), (Arabic: مِسْكَوَيْه، أبو علي محمد بن أحمد بن يعقوب مسكويه الرازي) full name Abū ʿAlī Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb Miskawayh al-Rāzī was a Persian chancery official of the Buyid era, and philosopher and historian from Parandak, Iran. As a Neoplatonist, his influence on Islamic philosophy is primarily in the area of ethics. He was the author of the first major Islamic work on philosophical ethics entitled the Refinement of Character (تهذيب الأخلاق Tahdhīb al-Akhlāq), focusing on practical ethics, conduct, and the refinement of character. He separated personal ethics from the public realm, and contrasted the liberating nature of reason with the deception and temptation of nature. Miskawayh was a prominent figure in the intellectual and cultural life of his time.
Brunei National Roads System
Brunei National Roads System (Malay; Sistem Jalan Kebangsaan Brunei: Jawi; سيستم جالن كبڠسأن بروني) is the main national road network in Brunei. It was built and maintained by the Public Works Department.

Major highways in Brunei are built under dual carriageway standards, while other roads are built as single carriageways. Road signs are coloured green with white text (white with black text for denoting nearby locations).

Single carriageway
A single carriageway (British English) is a road with one, two or more lanes arranged within a one carriageway with no central reservation/median strip to separate opposing flows of traffic. A single-track road is a type of single carriageway with a single lane with passing places for traffic in both directions. An undivided highway (American English) is the term used for motorways with two or more lanes with no central reservation/median strip. Road traffic safety is generally worse for high-speed single carriageways than for dual carriageways due to the lack of separation between traffic moving in opposing directions.
Lola (TV series)
Lola (Greek: Λόλα, stylized as ΛΟΛΑ) was the Greek remake of the successful Argentine comedy franchise Lalola. The series premiered on September 22, 2008 in Greece on ANT1 and ran Monday through Friday. The last episode was released on July 7, 2009.

ANT1
Antenna, better known as ANT1, is a free-to-air television network airing in Greece. The alternate spelling is wordplay in Greek; ena (ένα) is the Greek number 1 (one), thus ANT1 is pronounced the same as Antenna (Αντέννα). It launched on 31 December 1989, and is owned by Antenna Group. ANT1 had been a popular network in Greece for years with its line up of soap series including dramas Lampsi and Kalimera Zoi. Antenna TV studios are located in the Athens suburb of Marousi.
Vadim Muntagirov
Vadim Muntagirov (Russian: Вадим Мунтагиров; born 16 April 1990) is a Russian ballet dancer. He is currently a principal dancer at The Royal Ballet in London and previously a lead principal dancer at the English National Ballet.

Prix de Lausanne
The Prix de Lausanne (French: [pʁi də lozan]) is an international dance competition held annually in Lausanne, Switzerland. The competition is for young dancers seeking to pursue a professional career in classical ballet, and many former prize winners of the competition are now leading stars with major ballet companies around the world. The competition is managed by a non-profit foundation organised by the Fondation en faveur de l'Art chorégraphique and is maintained by various sponsors, patrons and donors.
Sobha Brahma
Sobha Brahma (14 October 1929 – 2012) was an Indian painter and sculptor. He lived and worked in Guwahati. He graduated from the Kalabhavana Visva-Bharati University Shantiniketan West-Bengal. Brahma developed a unique individual style that mixed traditional folk and modern Indian art.

He served as the Principal of the Government College Of Arts and Crafts Assam, as the vice-chairman of the prominent cultural centre Srimanta Sankardev Kalakshetra, set up under the Assam Accord, and as a member of the general council of Lalit Kala Akademi.

Kamal Kumari National Award
The Kamal Kumari National Award is an Indian Award given to individuals and groups in India for outstanding contribution to Art, Culture & Literature and Science & Technology. It was instituted by the Kamal Kumari Foundation in 1990 in memory of Kamal Kumari Barooah, the remarkable matriarch of the Khongiya Barooah family of Thengal, Assam. The foundation has till date a number of awardees. The first award was given to Sobha Brahma in 1991 in the category of Culture. The award carries a cash award of Rs. 200,000, a trophy and a citation.
Westwood Quarry
Westwood Quarry is a 0.07 hectares (0.17 acres) geological site of Special Scientific Interest west of Watford in Hertfordshire. It was notified in 1987 under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. The planning authority is Three Rivers District Council. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.

It is described by Natural England as a key site for the early history of the River Thames as it provides the best known exposure of the Lower Gravel Train, a deposit formed when the Thames flowed through the Vale of St Albans, before it was diverted south to its present course during the Anglian Ice Age around 450,000 years ago.

The site is privately owned with no public access.

Anglian stage
The Anglian Stage is the name used in the British Isles for a middle Pleistocene glaciation. It precedes the Hoxnian Stage and follows the Cromerian Stage in the British Isles. It correlates to Marine Isotope Stage 12 (MIS 12), which started about 478,000 years ago and ended about 424,000 years ago.
French frigate Hermione (1779)
Hermione was a 32-gun Concorde-class frigate of the French Navy. Designed for speed, she was one of the first ships of the French Navy to receive a copper sheathing. At the beginning of the Anglo-French War of 1778, she patrolled in the Bay of Biscay, escorting convoys and chasing privateers. She became famous when she ferried General La Fayette to the United States in 1780 in support of the rebels in the American Revolutionary War. She took an incidental role in the Battle of Cape Henry on 16 March 1781, and a major one in the action of 21 July 1781.

Hermione grounded and was wrecked in 1793. In 1997, construction of a replica ship started in Rochefort, Charente-Maritime, France; the new ship is likewise named Hermione.

Ship replica
A ship replica is a reconstruction of a no longer existing ship. Replicas can range from authentically reconstructed, fully seaworthy ships, to ships of modern construction that give an impression of a historic vessel. Some replicas may not even be seaworthy, but built for other educational or entertainment purposes.

Reasons to build a replica include historic research into shipbuilding, national pride, exposition at a museum or entertainment (e.g., for a TV series), and/or education programs for the unemployed. For example, see the project to build a replica of the Continental brig Andrew Doria. Apart from building a genuine replica of the ship, sometimes the construction materials, tools and methods can also copied from the ships' original era, as is the case with the replica of Batavia in Lelystad and the ship of the line replica Delft in Rotterdam (Delfshaven).
Abrams Mountain
Abrams Mountain, also known as Mount Abram or Mount Abrams, is a 12,801-foot-elevation (3,902-meter) mountain summit located on the shared boundary of Ouray County with San Juan County in southwest Colorado, United States. It is situated four miles south of the town of Ouray, on land managed by Uncompahgre National Forest. It is part of the San Juan Mountains, which are a subset of the Rocky Mountains, and is west of the Continental Divide. Topographic relief is significant as the north aspect rises 3,800 feet (1,200 meters) above Uncompahgre Gorge in 1.5 mile. Historic mines are located on the slopes of Abrams Mountain. This iconic feature of the Ouray landscape can be seen for many miles while driving Highway 550 south from Montrose toward Ouray, and it dominates the San Juan Skyway from Red Mountain Pass to Ironton Park.

Continental Divide of the Americas
The Continental Divide of the Americas (also known as the Great Divide, the Western Divide or simply the Continental Divide; Spanish: Divisoria continental de América, Gran Divisoria) is the principal, and largely mountainous, hydrological divide of the Americas. The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan, and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from those river systems that drain into the Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and Hudson Bay.

Although there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas, the Continental Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes, at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions.
Clarence Oakes
Clarence P. Oakes (June 17, 1900–November 15, 1973) was an American politician who served in the Kansas House of Representatives and Kansas State Senate.

Oakes was born in Merwin, Missouri and his family moved to Kansas when he was five years old. He was elected to the Kansas House in 1938, and served a single term there before being elected to the Kansas Senate in 1940. He resigned his seat in November 1950, and was replaced by Richard L. Becker.

In addition to his time in the state legislature, Oakes served in the U.S. navy, working in military intelligence, and in the U.S. State Department and Central Intelligence Agency. In 1961, he was selected to head the Institute for American Strategy, a defense policy think tank. He led the Institute until his death in 1973.

American Security Council Foundation
The American Security Council Foundation (ASCF) (originally, the Institute for American Strategy) is a non-profit organization that seeks to influence United States foreign policy by "Promoting Peace Through Strength". Founded in 1958 by John M. Fisher, it is currently led by Henry A. Fischer from offices at 1250 24th Street NW, Suite 300, Washington, D.C. The organization professes to have run a wide range of educational programs to address challenges to U.S. foreign policy, national security, economic security, and moral leadership of the United States.

In 1997, the organization merged with the American Security Council, founded in 1954 by Robert E. Wood, retired chairman of Sears Roebuck and Company.
Advanced Train Management System
The Advanced Train Management System is a train control system under development by Lockheed Martin for the Australian Rail Track Corporation (ARTC). ATMS uses Global Positioning System to locate and track the position of trains within the ARTC network. ATMS has been proposed as a low cost functional equivalent to European Rail Traffic Management System.

The technology was originally intended for use across the Nullarbor Plain to connect the eastern states of Australia with Perth and Western Australia. However, after 20 years of delays, it was announced that Trans-Australian Railway would instead be equipped with Train Management and Control System (TMACS).

Australian Rail Track Corporation
The Australian Rail Track Corporation (ARTC) is an Australian Government-owned statutory corporation. It operates the largest rail network in the nation, spanning more than 9,600 km (6,000 mi) across five states and 37 worksites.

ARTC continues to strengthen rail infrastructure across the country, including through Inland Rail, which is a 1,600 km (990 mi) freight line under construction between Melbourne and Brisbane via regional Victoria, New South Wales and Queensland that will allow for double-stacked freight trains to improve shipping.