hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marriage in France
Marriage in France may be performed by civil authorities; religious weddings are not recognized by law. The minimum age to get married is 18, or 16 with parental consent.

Marriage in France is the institution that allows two people to unite to live together and start a family.

Article 143 of the Civil Code of the French (Code civil) governs civil marriage and consecrated the couple by law. Since 1999, it exists with the Rules of Cohabitation (concubinage) and the Civil Solidarity Pact (PACS).

Religious organizations that organize only religious marriages are not recognized by the law.

Concubinage (law)
In contemporary civil law, concubinage is a legal term that is sometimes used for an interpersonal, intimate relationship between a man and a woman, or, depending on the jurisdiction, unmarried couple, in which the couple wish to cohabit, but do not want to or cannot enter into a full marriage.

In the legal system of the Philippines, concubinage also has a distinct criminal usage in the 1930 Revised Penal Code, relating to adultery. It is quite distinct from other legal usage.

The term concubinage also has a wider usage as a term relating to the keeping of concubines that has been applied to a wide variety of historical situations that have entailed various degrees of freedom, power and privilege for the women involved. In the twenty-first century, the term has come primarily to refer either to an extramarital mistress or a sex slave.
Bhupendra Chandra Datta Bhowmik
Bhupendra Chandra Datta Bhowmik (19 February 1940 – 9 September 1997), also known as Bhupen Datta Bhowmik or Bhupen Datta Bhaumik or Bhupen Dutta Bhowmik, was an Indian Bengali journalist from Agartala, Tripura. He was the founder and chief editor of the Bengali language daily newspaper Dainik Sambad. He was awarded "Friends of Liberation War Honour" posthumously in 2012 from Bangladesh for his outstanding contributions in the Bangladesh Liberation War and Atal Bihari Vajpayee Lifetime Achievement Award in 2023 for his journalism career and literary works.

His wife, Mira Datta Bhowmik, died on 24 June 2023 in Agartala. They were the parents of three sons (Birat, Kuber and Kaniska) and one daughter (Durba).

Dainik Sambad
Dainik Sambad (Bengali: দৈনিক সংবাদ) is a Bengali daily newspaper published from Agartala, the capital of the Indian state of Tripura. It is one of the largest circulated dailies in the state. It is considered among the better Bengali language news papers of the North East.

In the May 2018 investigative journalism sting by Cobrapost revealed the extent to which the most reputable news papers in India were ready to print communally inciting articles for payments, Dainik Sambad (Gal Shakti) was among the only two publications to refuse to publish it and refused to sell out. This resulted in appreciation for the newspapers ideals in many respected branches of Indian media and people, including "The Wire".
Ackerman, West Virginia
Ackerman was an unincorporated community in Mineral County, West Virginia, United States. Ackerman was located along a former branch line of the Western Maryland Railway in the North Branch Potomac River valley to the west of Knobly Mountain and to the east of Cresaptown, Maryland.

Mineral County, West Virginia
Mineral County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is part of the Cumberland metropolitan area, together with Cumberland, Maryland. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,938. Its county seat is Keyser. The county was founded in 1866.
Comley
Comley is a hamlet in Shropshire, England. It is near the A49 road, to the northeast of Church Stretton.

It is situated between two prominent hills: Caer Caradoc to the south and The Lawley to the north. The elevation of the hamlet is around 200 metres (660 ft) above sea level.

The hamlet is largely in the civil parish of Cardington, but Comley Farm is just within Longnor.

Shropshire Wildlife Trust have a nature reserve in the former Comley Quarry.

A49 road
The A49 is an A road in western England, which traverses the Welsh Marches region.  It runs north from Ross-on-Wye in Herefordshire via Hereford, Leominster, Ludlow, Shrewsbury and Whitchurch, then continues through central Cheshire to Warrington and Wigan before terminating at its junction with the A6 road just south of Bamber Bridge, near the junction of the M6, M65 and M61 motorways.

As is hinted at by the way the place name of Stretton recurs along its route, its central part follows Iter XII of the Roman Antonine Itinerary.

The stretch between Ross-on-Wye and the A5 at Shrewsbury is a trunk road, maintained by National Highways.
Breathe (2017 film)
Breathe is a 2017 biographical drama film directed by Andy Serkis in his directorial debut, from a screenplay by William Nicholson. It is based on the true story of Robin Cavendish, who became paralysed from the neck down by polio at the age of 28. The film stars Andrew Garfield, Claire Foy, Hugh Bonneville, Tom Hollander, Ed Speleers and Dean-Charles Chapman.

Breathe had its world premiere at the 42nd Toronto International Film Festival on 11 September 2017, and was released in the United States by Bleecker Street on 13 October 2017 and in the United Kingdom by STXinternational on 27 October 2017. The film received mixed reviews from critics, who praised Serkis's direction and Garfield and Foy's performances, but felt that the film was glossed over with romance, rather than focusing on Cavendish's disability and the lives of him and his family.

Dean-Charles Chapman
Dean-Charles Chapman (born 7 September 1997) is an English actor known for portraying Billy Elliot in the West End theatre production of Billy Elliot the Musical. His notable TV roles include Richard Grey in The White Queen (2013) and Tommen Baratheon in the HBO fantasy series Game of Thrones (2014–2016). He also portrayed Tom Blake in Sam Mendes's film 1917 (2019) and Thomas of Lancaster in David Michôd's The King (2019).
English ship Happy Entrance
Happy Entrance was a middling ship of the English navy, built by Andrew Burrell at Deptford and launched in 1619. King James I originally named the ship Buckingham's Entrance to mark the appointment of his favourite, George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, as Lord High Admiral of England. But she was subsequently renamed.

During the Second English Civil War she served on the side of Parliament under the command of Richard Badiley. In April 1649, a party of seamen from Happy Entrance captured and burnt the Royalist ship Antelope at Hellevoetsluis in the Netherlands. Antelope was then over 100 years old and was a veteran of the 1588 campaign against the Spanish Armada.

Happy Entrance was present at the Battle of the Gabbard on the 2–3 June 1653, as part of the Blue Squadron. She was under the command of Captain Richard Newbery.

Happy Entrance was destroyed by fire in 1658.

Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom
Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom (of England beginning in the 14th century, later of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800) is the title of the ceremonial head of the Royal Navy. Most have been courtiers or members of the British royal family, and not professional naval officers. The Lord High Admiral is one of the nine English Great Officers of State and since 2021 is held personally by the reigning monarch (currently King Charles III, who is also Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces).
Second Leake ministry
The Second Leake Ministry was the fifth Ministry of the Government of Western Australia and was led by Premier George Leake, who had hitherto been the Leader of the Opposition. It succeeded the Morgans Ministry on 23 December 1901 after a series of ministerial by-elections to confirm that ministry resulted in half of the ministry being defeated by Opposition and Labour candidates. On 24 June 1902, Leake died unexpectedly at age 45, and a week later, Walter James was chosen to replace him and the James Ministry was sworn in on 1 July 1902.

The members of the Second Leake Ministry were:

1  Leake died in office on 24 June 1902.

David Black (historian)
David William Black, AM (4 July 1936 – 23 November 2024) was an Australian historian. He lectured and wrote extensively on Australian and Western Australian history, especially political history. He was a professor in history and politics in the School of Social Sciences and Asian Languages at Curtin University of Technology until his retirement in 2002, and was then professor emeritus. He was Chairperson of the Parliamentary History Advisory Committee, and a Parliamentary Fellow (History). He has had numerous publications and considerable media exposure in regard to parliamentary history in Western Australia.

Black was appointed Member of the Order of Australia (AM) in the 2010 Australia Day Honours for "service to education and to the social sciences, particularly through the promotion and preservation of the political and parliamentary history of Western Australia".

Black died on 23 November 2024, at the age of 88.
A Todo Galope
A Todo Galope (Eng.: "At Full Gallop") is a studio album released by Bronco with Fonovisa Records in 1989. It is composed of 12 songs. Select tracks were written by band frontman José Guadalupe Esparza while others were written by professional songwriters such as Bebu Silvetti and Manuel Alejandro. Homero Hernández produced the album.

Manuel Alejandro
Manuel Álvarez-Beigbeder Pérez (born 21 February 1932), better known as Manuel Alejandro, is a Spanish composer of Latin love songs, which are better known as ballads. He has written, composed, and arranged songs for the likes of Luis Miguel, Plácido Domingo, Nino Bravo, Julio Iglesias, Raphael, Hernaldo Zúñiga, José José, José Luis Rodríguez, Emmanuel, Enrique Guzmán, Isabel Pantoja, Rocío Jurado, Rudy Marquez, and Jeanette, among many others.
Olivier Ochanine
Olivier Fabrice Ochanine (born September 7, 1979) is a French/American conductor; he is founding Music Director and Principal Conductor of the Sun Symphony Orchestra of Hanoi, Vietnam and the former Music Director and Principal Conductor of the Philippine Philharmonic Orchestra (PPO), the national orchestra of the Philippines.

Ochanine holds a master's degree in Conducting from the University of Southern California and pursued a Doctorate in Orchestral Conducting, at the Cincinnati College - Conservatory of Music, before taking up his post with the Philippine Philharmonic.

Music director
A music director, musical director or director of music is a person responsible for the musical aspects of a performance, production, or organization. This would include the artistic director and usually chief conductor of an orchestra or concert band, the director of music of a film, the director of music at a radio station, the person in charge of musical activities or the head of the music department in a school, the coordinator of the musical ensembles in a university, college, or institution (but not usually the head of the academic music department), the head bandmaster of a military band, the head organist and choirmaster of a church, or an organist and master of the choristers (the title given to a director of music at a cathedral, particularly in England).
Joonas Donskoi
Joonas Donskoi (Finnish: [ˈjoːnɑs ˈdonskoi]; born 13 April 1992) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey right wing. He was drafted 99th overall by the Florida Panthers in the 2010 NHL entry draft.

In 2009, he would play with the SM-sarja and SM-Liiga teams of Oulun Kärpät in Finland. In 2015, he would start play in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the San Jose Sharks. He would join the Colorado Avalanche in 2019 after signing with them as a free agent. Donskoi would be selected by the Seattle Kraken in the 2021 NHL expansion draft. In 2023, he would announce his retirement from professional hockey due to concussions. In total, Donskoi has played 474 NHL games.

Internationally, Donskoi has competed in the 2011 IIHF World U18 Championships, winning bronze, as well as the 2012 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, 2015 IIHF World Championship, and 2016 World Cup of Hockey.

2011 IIHF World U18 Championships
The 2011 IIHF World U18 Championships was held in Crimmitschau and Dresden, Germany, from 14 to 24 April 2011.

The United States won the title for the third straight time, after beating Sweden 4–3 in the final in overtime.
Velestino-Kalampaka railway
The Velestino–Kalambaka railway (Greek: Σιδηροδρομική γραμμή Βελεστίνου - Καλαμπάκας, romanized: Sidirodromikí grammí Velestino - Kalambákas) was an unelectrified Metre-gauge single-track railway regional railway line that connected Velestino in Central Greece, with Kalampaka. The Line has been converted to standard gauge (1435 mm), however, several stations have since closed, and while the line is still (mostly) operational, trains no longer connect Velestino with Kalampaka, via Palaiofarsalos.

Hellenic Train
Hellenic Train S.A., formerly TrainOSE S.A. (Greek: ΤραινΟΣΕ Α.Ε.), is a private railway company in Greece which operates passenger and freight trains on OSE lines. Hellenic Train employs train crews, operators and manages most of the rail services throughout the Greek railway network, leasing rolling stock owned by GAIAOSE except for ETR 470 trains.

The company was a subsidiary of the Hellenic Railways Organisation (OSE) until 2008, when it became an independent state-owned company until its privatisation in 2017. 
TrainOSE was acquired in September 2017 by the Italian national railway company Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane. In 2022 the company rebranded as Hellenic Train.
Giovanni Bernardo Gremoli
Giovanni Bernardo Gremoli (30 June 1926 – 6 July 2017) was a Roman Catholic bishop. Born in Italy, Gremoli was ordained to the priesthood in 1951. Gremoli served as titular bishop of Masuccaba and was Vicar Apostolic of Arabia from 1976 to 2005. During this time, he spent a lot of time in St. Joseph's Cathedral, Abu Dhabi and he is one of the people credited with establishing the presence of the Catholic church in the Arabian Peninsula. He was succeeded by Paul Hinder.

Masuccaba
Masuccaba an ancient Roman town in the Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis (North Africa).

The ancient town was also the seat of a Christian bishopric called in Latin Dioecesis Masuccabensis. The only known ancient bishop of this town was Passinatus, who took part in the synod assembled in Carthage in 484 by the Arian King Huneric of the Vandal Kingdom, after which Passinato was exiled to Vandal-controlled Sicily.

Today Masuccaba survives as a titular bishopric of the Roman Catholic Church the location of Masuccaba is not exactly known, but it is presumed to be in today's Algeria.  The current bishop is Tony Neelankavil, Auxiliary bishop of Syro-Malabar Catholic Archeparchy of Thrissur.
Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone
The Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone, abbreviated as V-DMZ, was a demilitarized zone at the 17th parallel in Quảng Trị province that was the dividing line between North Vietnam and South Vietnam from 21 July 1954 to 2 July 1976, when Vietnam was officially divided into two de facto countries, which was two de jure military gathering areas supposed to be sustained in the short term after the First Indochina War.

During the Vietnam War (1955–1975) it became important as the battleground demarcation between communist North Vietnam and anti-communist South Vietnam. The zone de jure ceased to exist with the reunification of Vietnam in 1976 (de facto in 1975).

De jure
In law and government, de jure (/deɪ ˈdʒʊəri, di -, - ˈjʊər-/; Latin: [deː ˈjuːre]; lit. 'from law') describes practices that are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. The phrase is often used in contrast with de facto ('from fact'), which describes situations that exist in reality, even if not formally recognized.
Yvonne Nauta
Yvonne Nauta (born 21 February 1991) is a former Dutch female speed skater who is specialised in long distances and was born in Uitwellingerga.

Nauta won three titles at the Junior World Championships (2 x team pursuit and 3000 meter). On 27 October 2013, she won the 5000 m title at the Dutch Distances Championships. Nauta participated in the 2014 European Championships and finished second behind compatriot Ireen Wüst. At the 2014 World Allround Speed Skating Championships in Heerenveen, she won the 5000 m and finished third in the final ranking.

2014 World Allround Speed Skating Championships
The 2014 World Allround Speed Skating Championships took place at the indoor ice rink of the Thialf arena in Heerenveen, Netherlands, on 22–23 March 2014.

Ireen Wüst won the women's title for the fifth time while Koen Verweij won his first world title.
Fountain of Neptune, Florence
The Fountain of Neptune (Italian: Fontana del Nettuno)  in Florence, Italy, is situated in the Piazza della Signoria, in front of the Palazzo Vecchio. The fountain was commissioned by Cosimo I de' Medici in 1559 to celebrate the marriage of Francesco de' Medici I to Grand Duchess Joanna of Austria. Cosimo I de' Medici was the Duke of Florence from 1537-1569 and responsible for a vast number of architectural and artistic elements in Florence that still exist today.

The fountain was designed by Baccio Bandinelli, but created by Bartolomeo Ammannati with the assistance of several other artists between 1560 and 1574. It incorporates a series of mythological figures and iconographies that symbolize both Cosimo I de' Medici's power and the union of Francesco and Joanna.

It has sustained a great deal of damage over the years due to vandalism and general mistreatment but underwent a major restoration completed in 2019 that restored it to its original glory.

Joanna of Austria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Joanna of Austria (German Johanna von Österreich, Italian Giovanna d'Austria; 24 January 1547 – 11 April 1578) was an Archduchess of Austria. By marriage to Francesco I de' Medici, she was the Grand Princess of Tuscany and later the Grand Duchess of Tuscany. One of her daughters was Marie de' Medici, second wife of King Henry IV of France.
Christophe Colomb
Christophe Colomb (Christopher Columbus) is an opera in two parts by the French composer Darius Milhaud. The poet Paul Claudel wrote the libretto based on his own play about the life of Christopher Columbus, Le Livre de Christophe Colomb. The opera was first performed at the Staatsoper, Berlin, on 5 May 1930 in a German translation by Rudolph Stephan Hoffmann. Milhaud thoroughly revised the work and produced a second version around 1955. The opera is on a large scale and requires many resources for its staging. As in many of his other works, Milhaud employs polytonality in parts of the score.

Polytonality
Polytonality (also polyharmony) is the musical use of more than one key simultaneously. Bitonality is the use of only two different keys at the same time. Polyvalence or polyvalency is the use of more than one harmonic function, from the same key, at the same time.

Some examples of bitonality superimpose fully harmonized sections of music in different keys.
United States Refugee Admissions Program
The United States Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP) is a collaboration among federal agencies and nonprofit organizations responsible for identifying and admitting qualified refugees for resettlement in the United States.  Refugee admissions levels under USRAP have varied over time in response to global displacement patterns, domestic political priorities, and national security considerations.

Church World Service
Church World Service (CWS), founded in 1946, is a United States-based non-governmental organization cooperative ministry of 37 Christian denominations and communions, providing sustainable self-help, development, disaster response, and refugee assistance around the world. The CWS mission is to eradicate hunger and poverty and to promote peace and justice at the national and international level through collaboration with global partners.
Epichloë occultans
Epichloë occultans is a hybrid asexual species in the fungal genus Epichloë.

A systemic and seed-transmissible grass symbiont first described in 2000, Epichloë occultans is a natural allopolyploid of Epichloë baconii (the Lolium associated clade) and Epichloë bromicola.

Epichloë occultans is found in Europe and North Africa, and has been introduced into New Zealand and elsewhere, where it has been identified in the grass species Lolium multiflorum and Lolium rigidum.

Lolium
Lolium is a genus of tufted grasses in the bluegrass subfamily (Pooideae).  It is often called ryegrass, but this term is sometimes used to refer to grasses in other genera.

They are characterized by bunch-like growth habits.  Lolium is native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa, as well as being cultivated and naturalized in Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands. Ryegrasses are naturally diploid, with 2n=14, and are closely related to the fescues (Festuca).

Ryegrass should not be confused with rye, which is a grain crop.
Karina Fernandez
Karina Fernandez is a British actress. She is best known for her performances in three of Mike Leigh's films – Another Year and Happy-Go-Lucky and Mr. Turner. Fernandez graduated from Drama Centre London. She is an instructor at City Academy, London.

City Academy, London
City Academy is an adult creative and performing arts academy, offering daytime, evening and weekend courses in dance, drama, singing, writing, filmmaking, photography, art, design, life skills, & business training in venues across Central London.
Hugues Doneau
Hugues Doneau, commonly referred also by the Latin form Hugo Donellus (23 December 1527, in Chalon-sur-Saône – 4 May 1591, in Altdorf bei Nürnberg), was a French law professor and one of the leading representatives of French legal humanism (mos Gallicus).

Altdorf bei Nürnberg
Altdorf bei Nürnberg (/ˈɑːltdɔːrf/ AHLT-dorf, German: [ˈaltdɔʁf baɪ ˈnʏʁnbɛʁk] ⓘ; Northern Bavarian: Oiddorf) is a town in south-eastern Germany. It is situated 25 km (16 mi) east of Nuremberg, in the district Nürnberger Land. Its name literally means “Altdorf near Nuremberg”, to distinguish it from other Altdorfs.
Dicyclopentadiene
Dicyclopentadiene, abbreviated DCPD, is a chemical compound with formula C10H12.  At room temperature, it is a white brittle wax, although lower purity samples can be straw coloured liquids. The pure material smells somewhat of soy wax or camphor, with less pure samples possessing a stronger acrid odor. Its energy density is 10,975 Wh/l.
Dicyclopentadiene is a co-produced in large quantities in the steam cracking of naphtha and gas oils to ethylene. The major use is in resins, particularly, unsaturated polyester resins.  It is also used in inks, adhesives, and paints.

The top seven suppliers worldwide together had an annual capacity in 2001 of 179 kilotonnes (395 million pounds).

DCPD was discovered in 1885 as a C10H12 hydrocarbon among the products of pyrolysis of phenol by Henry Roscoe, who didn't identify the structure (that was made during the following decade) but accurately assumed that it was a dimer of some C5H6 hydrocarbon.

Henry Roscoe (chemist)
Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe FRS (7 January 1833 – 18 December 1915) was a British chemist. He is particularly noted for early work on vanadium, photochemical studies, and his assistance in creating Oxo, in its earlier liquid form.