hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Osenovo, Blagoevgrad Province
41°47′N 023°44′E﻿ / ﻿41.783°N 23.733°E﻿ / 41.783; 23.733

Osenovo (Bulgarian: Осеново) is a village (село) in southwestern Bulgaria, located in the Bansko Municipality of the Blagoevgrad Province in the western part of  Rhodope Mountains. It is situated on the slope of a small river valley 21 kilometers southeast of Bansko and 59 kilometers southeast of Blagoevgrad. The village can be accessed by a steep paved mountainous road from the village of Mesta via Filipovo. The road passes by an interesting rock formation named "The Wedding" (Bulgarian: Сватбата). There are also other interesting rocks near the village. The same road reaches the forestry shall "Vishteritsa" high in the mountain 11 kilometers east from the village. In the end of the 19th century the village moved 6-7 kilometers south-east from a higher place, where it had been found more than a century before.

Bansko
Bansko (Bulgarian: Банско [ˈbansko]) is a town in southwestern Bulgaria, located in Blagoevgrad Oblast near the city of Razlog. Once mainly a stockbreeding and travelling merchant community, the town is now an international centre for winter and summer tourism. More recently Bansko has become a known hotspot for digital nomads driven in part by the relative affordability of the location combined with its natural scenery.
Gillo Pontecorvo
Gilberto Pontecorvo Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI (Italian: [ˈdʒillo ponteˈkɔrvo]; 19 November 1919 – 12 October 2006) was an Italian filmmaker associated with the political cinema movement of the 1960s and '70s. He is best known for directing the landmark war docudrama The Battle of Algiers (1966). It won the Golden Lion at the 27th Venice Film Festival, and earned him Oscar nominations for Best Director and Best Original Screenplay.

His other films include Kapò (1960), a Holocaust drama; Burn! (1969), a period film about a fictional slave revolt in the Lesser Antilles; and Ogro (1979), a dramatization of the assassination of Spanish Prime Minister Luis Carrero Blanco by Basque separatists. He also directed several documentaries and short films.

In 2000, he received the Pietro Bianchi Award at the Venice Film Festival. The same year, he was ascended as a Knight's Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic.

Political cinema
Political cinema, in the narrow sense, refers to cinema products that portray events or social conditions, either current or historical, through a partisan perspective, with the intent of informing or agitating the spectator.

Political cinema exists in different forms, such as documentaries, short films, feature films, experimental films, and even animated cartoons.
The Mountain (Dierks Bentley album)
The Mountain is the ninth studio album by American country music artist Dierks Bentley. It was released on June 8, 2018, by Capitol Records Nashville. It features the singles "Woman, Amen", "Burning Man" (a duet with Brothers Osborne) and "Living". The album was co-produced by Jon Randall and Ross Copperman.

Jerry Douglas
Gerald Calvin Douglas (born May 28, 1956) is an American Dobro and lap steel guitar player and record producer. He is widely regarded as "perhaps the finest Dobro player in contemporary acoustic music, and certainly the most celebrated and prolific". A 14-time Grammy winner, he has been called "Dobro's matchless contemporary master" by The New York Times and is among the most innovative recording artists in music, both as a solo artist and member of numerous bands, such as Alison Krauss and Union Station and The Earls of Leicester. He has been a co-director of the Transatlantic Sessions since 1998.

Douglas was inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame in 2024.
Benny de Weille
Benny de Weille (March 6, 1915, Lübeck - December 17, 1977, Westerland) was a German swing jazz clarinetist and bandleader.

De Weille studied clarinet under Hans Helmke and was heavily influenced by Benny Goodman, whom he often emulated in his own ensembles. He made recordings with Teddy Stauffer, Hans Rehmstedt, and Willy Berking in the 1930s and 1940s, and from 1940 led his own "Bar Trio". Following the war he worked at Radio Frankfurt and conducted the Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk orchestra. His last recordings were in a Dixieland style in 1951.

Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk
Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk (NWDR; Northwest German Broadcasting) was the organization responsible for public broadcasting in the German Federal States of Hamburg, Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein and North Rhine-Westphalia from 22 September 1945 to 31 December 1955. Until 1954, it was also responsible for broadcasting in West Berlin. NWDR was a founder member of the consortium of public-law broadcasting institutions of the Federal Republic of Germany, the ARD.

On 1 January 1956, NWDR was succeeded by Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR) and Westdeutscher Rundfunk (WDR).
You Must Be Love
You Must Be Love is the third and last album by Euro disco group Love & Kisses, released on Casablanca Records in 1979. On this 1979 album, Alec R. Costandinos composed all the tracks, such as the title cut. Also, this album features Katie Kissoon, Costandinos himself, Vicki Brown, credited on the back cover of the album as "Vickie Brown", Stephanie de Sykes, Arthur Simms, André Ceccarelli, credited on the back cover of the album as "Dede Ceccarelli", Liza Strike and Helen Chappelle.

Vicki Brown
Victoria Mary Brown (née Haseman; 23 August 1940 – 16 June 1991) was an English pop, rock and contemporary classical singer.  She was a member of both the Vernons Girls and the Breakaways and was the first wife of fellow singer and musician Joe Brown and mother of the singer Sam Brown.
Povinelli
Povinelli is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Elizabeth Povinelli, professor of anthropology and gender studies

Mark Povinelli (born 1971), American stage, television and movie actor

Michelle Povinelli (born 1975), American physicist

Roland Povinelli (born 1941), French politician

Mark Povinelli
Mark Povinelli (born August 9, 1971) is an American stage, television and movie actor who also does occasional stunt work. Povinelli is also a noted social activist advocating for the rights of others with dwarfism. In June 2017, Povinelli was elected President of the Little People of America, an organization started in 1957 by Billy Barty, which promotes awareness, advocacy and medical assistance for individuals with forms of dwarfism. Povinelli stands 3’ 9½" and weighs 75 pounds (115 cm, 34 kg) as a consequence of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (SEDc), a skeletal dysplasia caused by a mutation in the COL2A1 (type II collagen) gene.

His repertory encompasses drama, comedy, and fantasy. He has appeared in a wide range of productions, from stage plays by William Shakespeare and Ben Jonson to roles in television series such as Modern Family and Boardwalk Empire, as well as in popular movies including The Polar Express.
Craig Crawford (politician)
Craig Daryl Crawford (born 17 January 1970) is an Australian politician. He has been the Labor member for the Far North Queensland seat of Barron River in the Queensland Legislative Assembly since 2015.

Queensland Labor Party
The Queensland Labor Party, officially known as the Australian Labor Party (State of Queensland) and commonly referred to as Queensland Labor or simply Labor, is the branch of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) in the state of Queensland. It has functioned in the state since the 1880s. The Queensland branch of the Australian Labor Party was the first Labour Party to win government in the world, when, in December 1899, following the resignation of the Dickson ministry, Queensland Labour leader Anderson Dawson accepted an offer by Lieutenant-Governor Samuel Griffith to form a government.
Montclar d'Urgell
Montclar d'Urgell is a village in the province of Lleida, in Catalonia, Spain. The village and its surrounding area previously formed its own municipality, but it is now (since 1970) an exclave of Agramunt. It is also an exclave of the comarca of Urgell, lying within the comarca of Noguera. The village is located on the crest of the Montclar mountain range, that crosses out from east to west. The Urgell Canal passes through and crosses the Montclar range through a tunnel. Montclar is linked by road to the local C-14 between Artesa de Segre and Agramunt.

Urgell
Urgell (Catalan pronunciation: [urˈ(d)ʒeʎ]), also known as Baix Urgell (baix meaning "lower", by contrast with Alt Urgell "Upper Urgell"), is a comarca (county) in Ponent, Catalonia (Spain), forming only a borderland portion of the region historically known as Urgell, one of the Catalan counties.

The capital is the city of Tàrrega.
Sierra Crest
The Sierra Crest is a roughly 500 mi (800 km) generally north-to-south ridgeline that demarcates the broad west and narrow east slopes of the Sierra Nevada and that extends as far east as the Sierra's topographic front (e.g., Diamond Mountains and Sierran escarpment).  The northern and central Sierra Crest sections coincide with over 300 mi (480 km) of the Great Basin Divide,  and the southern crest demarcates Tulare and Inyo counties and extends through Kern County to meet the Tehachapi crest.  The Sierra Crest also forms two paths (bifurcates) around endorheic cirques (e.g., Cup Lake) between the west and east Sierra slopes.

Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a crest route along the Sierras.  He was instrumental in envisioning, exploring, and establishing the route of what became the John Muir Trail from Yosemite Valley along the crest of the Sierra Nevada to Mount Whitney.

Tehachapi Mountains
The Tehachapi Mountains (/təˈhætʃəpi/) are a mountain range in the Transverse Ranges system of California in the Western United States. The range extends for approximately 40 miles (64 km) in southern Kern County and northwestern Los Angeles County and form part of the boundary between the San Joaquin Valley and the Mojave Desert.
Glogovnica
Glogovnica is a river in central Croatia, a right tributary of Česma. It is 64.5 kilometres (40.1 mi) long.

Glogovnica rises in the southeastern part of Kalnik near the village of Apatovac, and flows towards the south, passing east of the eponymous villages of Donja Glogovnica and Gornja Glogovnica, as well as the city of Križevci, turning slightly to the southwest. It passes near Gradec, where it becomes a series of man-made drainage canals and receives influx from the right tributary of Črnec. It then turns southeast and flows into the Česma west of Čazma.

Križevci
Križevci (Croatian: [krǐːʒeːʋtsi]; Latin: Crisium; Hungarian: Kőrös [ˈkøːrøʃ]; German: Kreutz [kʁɔʏts] ⓘ) is a town in northern Croatia with a total population of 18,949 and with 10,522 in the town itself, It is the oldest town in its county, the Koprivnica-Križevci County.
Peyre
Peyre is the name or part of the name of the following communes in France:

La Chaze-de-Peyre, in the Lozère department

Peyre, Landes, in the Landes department

Saint-Léger-de-Peyre, in the Lozère department

Saint-Sauveur-de-Peyre, in the Lozère department

Sainte-Colombe-de-Peyre, in the Lozère department

Peyre, Aveyron is also a village, part of the commune of Comprégnac, in the Aveyron department

Persons:

Henri Peyre (1901–1988), an American linguist of French origin

Marie-Joseph Peyre (1730–1785), a French architect

Natacha Peyre, a former glamour model and sex symbol

Sully-André Peyre (1890-1961), French poet and essayist.

Peyre, Aveyron
Peyre (French) or Pèira in Occitan is a village in the Aveyron département, in southern France. Formerly an independent commune, it is part of the commune of Comprégnac since 1830. It is a member of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France (The Most Beautiful Villages of France) Association.
Handbook of the Mammals of the World
Handbook of the Mammals of the World (HMW) is a book series from the publisher Lynx Edicions. The nine volumes were published from 2009 to 2019. Each mammal family is assessed in a full text introduction with photographs and each species has a text account with a distribution map and illustrations on a plate. This is the second major project by Lynx Edicions since the release of the Handbook of the Birds of the World in 1992. The chief editors are Russell Mittermeier and Don E. Wilson in association with Conservation International, the Texas A&M University and the IUCN. Don E. Wilson is also editor of the reference work Mammal Species of the World.

An updated two-volume set with taxonomic revisions was released in 2020 as the Illustrated Checklist of the Mammals of the World, and a condensed, single-volume version of the series was published in 2023 as All the Mammals of the World.

Echidna
Echidnas (/ɪˈkɪdnəz/), sometimes known as spiny anteaters, are quill-covered monotremes (egg-laying mammals) belonging to the family Tachyglossidae /tækiˈɡlɒsɪdiː/, living in Australia and New Guinea. The four extant species of echidnas and the platypus are the only living mammals that lay eggs and the only surviving members of the order Monotremata. The diet of some species consists of ants and termites, but they are not closely related to the American true anteaters or to hedgehogs. Their young are called puggles.

Echidnas evolved between 20 and 50 million years ago and descend from an amphibious, platypus-like monotreme.
Kiltseva Road
Kiltseva Road (Ukrainian: Кільцева дорога, Ring Road) is a street in the Sviatoshynskyi, Solomianskyi and Holosiivskyi District of Kyiv, Ukraine, running along the city's administrative border from Odesa Square in the south where it intersects with the M05 highway to an intersection with the M06 highway and Prospect Peremohy in the north. The road servers as the western bypass of Kyiv, forming the central part of a beltway called the Great Beltway, which as of 2022 covers the part of the city on the right bank of the Dnipro river.

The road is designated as local road T-10-27, and forms a part of European route E40.

Sviatoshynskyi District
Sviatoshynskyi District is an urban district in the city of Kyiv located at the western part of city. The district was created in 2001 after renaming the former Leningrad District. It borders four other districts in Kyiv such as Podilskyi District, Obolonskyi District, Solomianskyi District, Shevchenkivskyi District as well as Bucha Raion that administratively is part of Kyiv Oblast. It takes its name from the historical neighbourhood of Sviatoshyn, named for the 12th century Prince Mykola Sviatosha..
John Solon
John Solon (March 11, 1842 – June 23, 1921) was an Irish American immigrant, farmer, and Democratic politician.  He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing southern Dodge County during the 1872 session.

Dodge County, Wisconsin
Dodge County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 89,396. Its county seat is Juneau. The county was created from the Wisconsin Territory in 1836 and organized in 1844.

Dodge County comprises the Beaver Dam, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Milwaukee–Racine–Waukesha, WI Combined Statistical Area.
Tapping rate
The tapping rate is a psychological test given to assess the integrity of the neuromuscular system and examine motor control. The finger tapping test has the advantage of being a relatively pure neurologically driven motor task because the inertial and intersegmental interactions are so small that biomechanical influences on movement are reduced. Finger tapping involves three important features: time, spatial amplitude, and frequency. Studies have reported that the average number of taps per 10-second interval can be used to distinguish between patients with mild traumatic brain injury and healthy controls. The tapping rate is slower in people one month after sustaining a mild traumatic brain injury and in experienced boxers and soccer players who frequently "headed" the ball. The speed of finger tapping has also been found to be related to severity of initial traumatic brain injury, and can be used to help assess recovery from mild and moderate traumatic brain injuries.

Scientific control
A scientific control is an element of an experiment or observation designed to minimize the influence of variables other than the independent variable under investigation, thereby reducing the risk of confounding.

The use of controls increases the reliability and validity of results by providing a baseline for comparison between experimental measurements and control measurements. In many designs, the control group does not receive the experimental treatment, allowing researchers to isolate the effect of the independent variable.

Scientific controls are a fundamental part of the scientific method, particularly in fields such as biology, chemistry, medicine, and psychology, where complex systems are subject to multiple interacting variables.
Clarksville Confederate Monument
The Clarksville Confederate Monument is located in the south-central section of Oakland Cemetery in Clarksville, Arkansas.  It is a white marble obelisk, 10 feet (3.0 m) in height, which is 21.5 inches (55 cm) square at its base.  It is mounted on a limestone pedestal 2 feet (0.61 m) square and 22 inches (56 cm) in height.  The lower portion of the obelisk is carved with an inscription commemorating the Confederate war dead, and its spire is adorned with a floral pattern.  It was placed about 1902 by the local chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy.

The inscription reads:

The monument was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Clarksville, Arkansas
Clarksville is a city in Johnson County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census the population was 9,381, up from 9,178 in 2010. The city is the county seat of Johnson County. It is nestled between the Arkansas River and the foothills of the Ozark Mountains, and Interstate 40 and US Highway 64 intersect within the city limits. Clarksville-Johnson County is widely known for its peaches, scenic byways and abundance of natural outdoor recreational activities.
Paul Manasse
Paul Manasse (14 March 1866 in Naugard – 27 September 1927 in Würzburg) was a German physician, who specialized in the field of otology.

He studied medicine at the universities of Tübingen, Berlin and Strasbourg, and after graduation, served as an assistant at the otology clinic in Strasbourg. Following a study trip to Vienna and Berlin, he obtained his habilitation for otology at the University of Strasbourg. In 1901 he was named director of the otology clinic, and during the following year, became an associate professor at the university. In 1911 he attained a full professorship, and in 1919 relocated to the University of Würzburg, where he founded a clinic at the Luitpold-Krankenhaus.

University of Würzburg
The Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg (also referred to as the University of Würzburg, in German Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg) is a public research university in Würzburg, Germany. Founded in 1402, it is one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in Germany. The university initially had a brief run and was closed in 1415. It was reopened in 1582 on the initiative of Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn. Today, the university is named for Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn and Maximilian Joseph.

The University of Würzburg is part of the U15 group of research-intensive German universities. The university is also a member of the Coimbra Group. In the winter semester 2022/2023, 26,787 students were enrolled, of which 16,351 were women and 3,250 were first semester university students. The University is associated with 14 Nobel laureates.
Cuyamaca Water Company
The Cuyamaca Water Company (CWC) was a water company which operated in San Diego County, California, from 1910 to 1926. The origins of the Cuyamaca Water Company can be found in the San Diego Flume Company. The San Diego Flume Company was purchased on June 1, 1910, for $125,000 by the prominent San Diego politician and developer Ed Fletcher and a businessman from Montana, James Andrew Murray. The initial purchase transferred all water rights and properties owned by the San Diego Flume Company to the newly created Cuyamaca Water Company. CWC was principally financed by Murray, and managed by Fletcher.

Water industry
The water industry provides drinking water and wastewater services (including sewage treatment) to residential, commercial, and industrial sectors of the economy. Typically, public utilities operate water supply networks. The water industry does not include manufacturers and suppliers of bottled water, which is part of the beverage production and belongs to the food sector.

The water industry includes water engineering, operations, water and wastewater plant construction, equipment supply and specialist water treatment chemicals, among others.

The water industry is at the service of other industries, e.g. of the food sector which produces beverages such as bottled water.
Handy Chapel
Handy Chapel is the only original church building still standing in the original square mile of Grand Junction, Colorado. The land that the chapel was built on was deeded to "the black citizens of Grand Junction" for the express purpose of building a place of worship in 1883, just two short years after Grand Junction was originally staked out by town founder and Governor George A. Crawford. It took the African American community nine years to raise the required $962.50 to build the church, which was completed in 1892.

The chapel was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

George A. Crawford
George Addison Crawford (July 27, 1827 – January 26, 1891) was an American politician, lawyer and journalist.

Crawford was born in Clinton County, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Jefferson College (now Washington & Jefferson College) in 1847.

Crawford was a delegate to the Pennsylvania Democratic State Convention in 1855.  In 1857, along with Norman Eddy and others, he purchased and founded the city of Fort Scott, Kansas.  He was elected governor of Kansas in 1861;  however the election was declared illegal before he could assume the post.

In 1871, he was appointed commissioner to the Centennial Exposition by Ulysses S. Grant.

He was also the city founder of Grand Junction, Colorado (incorporated July 22, 1882).: 475  where he died and was buried. He is the namesake of Crawford, Colorado.
Yonam Institute of Technology
Yonam Institute of Technology, also Yonam Engineering College, is a private technical college located in Jinju, South Gyeongsang province, South Korea.  It offers courses in computer electronics, hardware design, industrial information design, and related fields.

Jinju
Jinju (Korean: 진주; Korean pronunciation: [tɕin.dʑu]) is a city in South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. It was the location of the first (1592) and second (1593) Sieges of Jinju by Japanese forces during the Imjin War.  The Republic of Korea Air Force Education and Training Command is located in the eastern part of the city.
There are cultural-historical tourist attractions in Jinju such as Jinju Fortress, the Jinju National Museum, and the Nam-gang Prehistoric Site Museum.
Charles Creighton (referee)
Charles Edward Creighton (born August 6, 1876 - died July 30, 1949) was an Irish-American soccer referee.

Born in Belfast, Ireland, Creighton moved to the United States in his twenties.  He was selected to referee the first National Challenge Cup in 1914.  He was again in the middle for the 1918 National Challenge Cup, 1927 National Challenge Cup and the first game of the 1931 National Challenge Cup.  He also refereed two American Cup championship finals, one in 1917.  On November 6, 1926, he refereed his only international match, a U.S. win over Canada.

Referee
A referee is an official, in a variety of sports and competition, responsible for enforcing the rules of the sport, including sportsmanship decisions such as ejection. The official tasked with this job may be known by a variety of other titles  depending on the sport, including umpire, judge, arbiter, commissaire, or technical official (by the International Olympic Committee).  Referees may be assisted by linesmen, timekeepers, touch judges, or video assistant referees (VAR).