hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prostanna
Prostanna (Ancient Greek: Προστανά, romanized: Prostaná) was a town of ancient Pisidia or of Lycaonia inhabited during Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine times. It was a bishopric; no longer the seat of a residential bishop, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.

Its only mention in Byzantine times is at the First Council of Constantinople in 381, when a bishop Attalos of Prostana was mentioned as being present.: 364

Its site is located on the south face of Eğirdirsivrisi mountain, 4 km southwest of Eğirdir in Asiatic Turkey. Here, the remains of an almost circular walled acropolis have been identified, with remains of ancient temples and public buildings along with 4 inscriptions. The boundary of Prostanna's territory with nearby Parlais to the north was at Bedre, where a border stone mentioning the two towns was uncovered in 1948.: 364

Acropolis
An acropolis was the settlement of an upper part of an ancient Greek city, especially a citadel, and frequently a hill with precipitous sides, mainly chosen for purposes of defense. The term is typically used to refer to the Acropolis of Athens, yet nearly every Greek city had an acropolis of its own. Acropolises were used as religious centers and places of worship, forts, and places in which the royal and high-status resided. Acropolises became the nuclei of large cities of classical ancient times, and served as important centers of a community. Some well-known acropolises have become the centers of tourism in the present day, and they are a rich source of archaeological information of ancient Greece, especially, the Acropolis of Athens.
Casasco
Casasco is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) east of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Alessandria.

Casasco borders the following municipalities: Avolasca, Brignano-Frascata, Garbagna, Momperone, and Montemarzino.

Province of Alessandria
The province of Alessandria (Italian: provincia di Alessandria; Piedmontese: provincia ëd Lissandria; in Piedmontese of Alessandria: provinsa ëd Lissändria) is an province of the region of Piedmont in Italy. The capital is the city of Alessandria. It has a population of 407,029 across its 187 municipalities as of 2025.

With an area of 3,558.83 square kilometres (1,374.07 mi2) it is the third largest province of Piedmont after the province of Cuneo and the Metropolitan City of Turin. To the north it borders on the province of Vercelli and to the west on the Metropolitan City of Turin and the province of Asti. It shares its southern border with Liguria (province of Savona and the Metropolitan City of Genoa). Its south-east corner touches the Province of Piacenza in Emilia-Romagna, while to the east it borders on the Lombard province of Pavia.
Jan Andrzej Morsztyn
Jan Andrzej Morsztyn (1621–1693) was a Polish poet, member of the landed nobility, and official in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He was starosta of Zawichost, Tymbark and Kowal. He was also pantler of Sandomierz (1647–58), Royal Secretary (from 1656), a secular referendary (1658–68), and Deputy Crown Treasurer from 1668. Apart from his career at the Polish court, Morsztyn is famous as a leading poet of the Polish Baroque and a prominent representative of Marinist style in Polish literature. Over his lifetime he accumulated considerable wealth. In 1683 he was accused of treason and was forced to emigrate to France.

Stolnik
Stolnik (Lithuanian: stalininkas, Polish: stolnik, Ukrainian: стольник, Russian: сто́льник, IPA: [ˈstolʲnʲɪk]) was a court office in Lithuania, Poland, Ukraine and Russia, responsible for serving the royal table, then an honorary court title and a district office. It approximately corresponds to English term "pantler".
Dumitru Solomon
Dumitru Solomon was a Romanian author of essays, plays, and chronicles.

He was born in Galați on December 14, 1932 and died on 9 February, 2003. He attended the theoretical high-school in Bârlad. In 1955, he obtained his degree in philology in Bucharest. Between 1955-1962, he was the editor of Gazeta literară, then department chief at Luceafărul, and editor-in-chief of Teatrul azi magazine. He made his debut in Viața Românească, in 1953.

He was a laureate of the Romanian Academy (1978), and Writers Union and Association of Writers Union from Bucharest (1973). He received the U.N.I.T.E.R. award for the best Romanian play, Repetabila scenă a balconului (1995), and an award from the Ministry of Culture.

Galați
Galați (UK: /ɡæˈlæts/ gal-ATS, US: /ɡɑːˈlɑːts(i)/ gah-LAHTS(-ee), Romanian: [ɡaˈlatsʲ] ⓘ; also known by other alternative names) is the capital city of Galați County in the historical region of Western Moldavia, in eastern Romania. Galați is a port town on the river Danube. and the sixth-largest of all cities on the river Danube. According to the 2021 census it is the 8th most populous city in Romania. Galați is an economic centre based around the port of Galați, the naval shipyard, and the largest steel factory in Romania, Galați steel works.
To Know You Is to Love You (album)
To Know You Is to Love You is an electric blues album by B. B. King, released in 1973. Produced by Dave Crawford in Philadelphia, it includes the participation of Stevie Wonder, the Memphis Horns, and members of MFSB, the house band for Philadelphia International Records in the early and mid-1970s.

MFSB
MFSB, officially standing for "Mother Father Sister Brother", was a pool of more than 30 studio musicians based at Philadelphia's Sigma Sound Studios. They worked closely with the production team of Gamble and Huff and producer/arranger Thom Bell, and backed up Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes, the O'Jays, the Stylistics, the Spinners, Wilson Pickett, and Billy Paul.

In 1972, MFSB began recording as a named act for the Philadelphia International label. "TSOP (The Sound of Philadelphia)", also known as the Soul Train theme, was their second and most successful single. Released in March 1974, it peaked at number one on the US Billboard pop and R&B charts. "TSOP" was influential in establishing the disco sound. The track sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc by the RIAA in April 1974.
Taishi Takizawa
Yuki Takizawa (滝澤 雄樹, Takizawa Yūki; born September 3, 1985) is a Japanese professional wrestler better known by the ring name Taishi Takizawa (滝澤 大志, Takizawa Taishi). Trained by Taka Michinoku, Takizawa has spent most of his career working for his Kaientai Dojo promotion. From December 2011 to June 2012, Takizawa was signed to WWE, working in its developmental territory Florida Championship Wrestling under the ring name Jiro.

WEW Hardcore Tag Team Championship
The WEW Hardcore Tag Team Championship was a tag team hardcore wrestling championship contested in Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling from April 2000 until FMW closed in February 2002. The title was picked up by Big Japan Pro Wrestling that same month, and remained in that promotion until late 2005, when it moved to Kaientai Dojo until 2016. There have been a total of 37 reigns and seven vacancies shared between 30 different teams consisting of 48 distinctive champions.
Medina (1811 ship)
Medina was launched in 1811, and quickly became a West Indiaman. Ten years later she started sailing to the East Indies under a license from the British East India Company (EIC). She made two voyages transporting convicts to Australia, first to Sydney and then to Hobart. She also brought immigrants to the Swan River Colony. On that voyage she sustained damage that caused her to be condemned in July 1831.

Convict
A convict is "a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court" or "a person serving a sentence in prison". Convicts are often also known as "prisoners" or "inmates" or by the slang term "con", while a common label for former convicts, especially those recently released from prison, is "ex-con" ("ex-convict"). Persons convicted and sentenced to non-custodial sentences tend not to be described as "convicts".

The label of "ex-convict" usually has lifelong implications, such as social stigma or reduced opportunities for employment. The federal government of Australia, for instance, will not, in general, employ an ex-convict, while some state and territory governments may limit the time for or before which a former convict may be employed.
Acarospora strigata
Acarospora strigata is an areolate to verruculous crustose lichen that grows on rock around the world, in full sun or shade, and in mesic to arid habitats.: 220  It is brown but may appear white or pale gray if it is covered in a pruina.: 220  The lichen is common in southwestern deserts of North America.

Areoles (from tiny to 3 mm) surrounding dark reddish-brown to black apothecia (fruiting bodies) are both highly variable in shape and size, and variable in size relative to each other.: 220  Measuring 0.1–1 mm, the apothecia range in size from small dots on the areoles to almost as wide as the areole.: 220  They can be pointlike to round, polygonal to stellate radiating fissures, and one to many per areole.

Areoles may be cracked on the surface, especially toward the apothecia.: 220

Lichen spot tests are all negative.: 220

Pruinescence
Pruinescence /ˌpruːɪˈnɛsəns/, or pruinosity, is a "frosted" or dusty-looking coating on top of a surface. It may also be called a pruina (plural: pruinae), from the Latin word for hoarfrost. The adjectival form is pruinose /ˈpruːɪnoʊs, -z/.
Itang
Itang (also spelled Etang; Ethiopic: ኢታንግ) is a town in the Gambela Region in western Ethiopia. Within Gambela, Itang belongs to Itang woreda which forms a special woreda. Located on the Baro River (also known as the Openo River or the Upeno River).

Districts of Ethiopia
Districts of Ethiopia, also called woredas (Amharic: ወረዳ; Oromo: woreda), are the third level of the administrative divisions of Ethiopia – after zones and the regional states.

These districts are further subdivided into a number of wards called kebele neighbourhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia.
Paul Ryan (actor)
Paul Ryan (born Bernard Paul Feldman; June 11, 1945 – April 23, 2015) was an American actor, producer and television personality. His television roles included bit parts in Bewitched, Emergency!, Mission: Impossible, Night Court, Murder, She Wrote and Desperate Housewives. His film appearances include Coma (1978), The Promise (1979), Star 80 (1983), and Fast Forward (1985).

Ryan also worked as a correspondent for Entertainment Tonight and KTLA Morning News. Additionally, he hosted The Paul Ryan Show (1977-1992), an interview program in which Ryan interviewed a variety of guests from media, entertainment, and the arts, including Robin Williams and Gore Vidal.

Entertainment Tonight
Entertainment Tonight (or simply ET) is an American first-run syndicated news broadcasting newsmagazine program that is distributed by CBS Media Ventures throughout the United States and owned by Paramount Streaming. Having premiered on September 14, 1981, it holds the Guinness World Record as the longest-running entertainment news program on television.

International versions of the show are distributed by Paramount Global Content Distribution.
John S. Johnson (sportsman)
John Sigfried Johnson (May 11, 1873 – January 17, 1934) was an early American cyclist and speed skater. He was born as Johan Sigfrid Jonsson in Sweden and emigrated with his parents to Minnesota in the United States in 1881.

Johnson was the first to bicycle 1-mile in less than two minutes, or 1:56.6. This happened in 1892 at a racing track in Independence, Iowa. Besides racing on the track, early in his career he also competed in road races. Johnson was also a world record holder in speed skating, and won world championship titles in both sports. Later in his career, Johnson rode for racing teams sponsored by the bicycle manufacturers E.C. Stearns Bicycle Agency of Syracuse, N.Y., and Schwinn Bicycle Co. of Chicago. He retired from competitive cycling in 1900. He died January 17, 1934, in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

World record
A world record is usually the best global and most important performance that is ever recorded and officially verified in a specific skill, sport, or other kind of activity. The book Guinness World Records and other world records organizations collates and publishes notable records of many.
Jerky gun
A jerky gun is a small handheld kitchen appliance that is used to form raw ground meat into thin strips or round sticks. These thin raw meat strips and sticks are then typically dehydrated into jerky via a food dehydrator or home oven.

A jerky gun is similar to a caulking gun in appearance, size, equipment parts and manner of use. A jerky gun basically consists of four major parts:

A tube or barrel that raw ground meat is loaded into;

A press or stomper that is used to push the raw ground meat towards the extrusion end of tube thereby eliminating air pockets within the tube;

A trigger or handle that is depressed to create force and propel the raw meat through the end of the tube; and

Nozzles that attach on the end of the tube and form thin strips or round stick shapes as the raw meat is expelled.

Ground meat
Ground meat, called mince or minced meat outside North America, is meat finely chopped by a meat grinder or a chopping knife. A common type of ground meat is ground beef, but many other types of meats are prepared in a similar fashion, including pork, veal, lamb, goat meat, and poultry.
Menitrazepam
Menitrazepam is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It is similar in structure to tetrazepam and nimetazepam, with the 7-chloro group of tetrazepam replaced by nitro. It is a hypnotic agent used in the treatment of insomnia, and therefore has strong sedative, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, and anxiolytic actions like those of other hypnotic benzodiazepines. Menitrazepam is a good oral hypnotic agent, however, delay in the time for peak plasma levels to reach their maximum brings into question the benefit of menitrazepam for the treatment of insomnia when compared to other hypnotics. Typically, the sleep inducing properties of hypnotics occur within 0.5 hours. In some cases, as with temazepam and nitrazepam, strong hypnotic effects can be felt 15 to 20 minutes after oral ingestion.

Sedative
A sedative or tranquilizer is a substance that induces sedation by reducing irritability or excitement. They are central nervous system (CNS) depressants and interact with brain activity, causing its deceleration. Various kinds of sedatives can be distinguished, but the majority of them affect the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Most sedatives produce relaxing effects by increasing GABA activity.

This group is related to hypnotics. The term sedative describes drugs that serve to calm or relieve anxiety, whereas the term hypnotic describes drugs whose main purpose is to initiate, sustain, or lengthen sleep. Because these two functions frequently overlap, and because drugs in this class generally produce dose-dependent effects (ranging from anxiolysis to loss of consciousness), they are often referred to collectively as sedative–hypnotic drugs.
Made Men
The Made Men was an American rap group signed to Restless Records and Relativity Records composed of former Almighty RSO members Benzino and Antonio Twice Thou (formally E-Devious), and Cool Gsus. The group first appeared on DJ Clue's debut album, The Professional on the self-titled track, "Made Men". They then issued their debut album Classic Limited Edition on August 24, 1999, but the album failed to meet expectations, only making it to 61 on the Billboard 200. Although they never released a follow-up, the group continued to make guest appearances on albums by other artists and soundtracks. They last appeared on Daz Dillinger's Who Ride wit Us: Tha Compalation, Vol. 1 in 2001.

Relativity Records
Relativity Records was an American record label founded by Barry Kobrin at the site of his vinyl record shop, Important Record Distributors (IRD) in metropolitan New York City. The IRD distribution name was later known as RED Distribution and again as RED Music.

Relativity released music that covered a wide variety of musical genres. When it entered into a deal with Sony Music Entertainment, it became more known for its heavy metal and hip hop releases.

In 1999, Relativity was folded into Steve Rifkind's Loud Records, which in turn was shut down by Sony Music in 2002, with its parent distributor, RED Distribution, maintaining its existence, but later as RED Music, being merged into the Orchard in 2017 by Sony.
Gowensville, South Carolina
Gowensville is an unincorporated community in Greenville County, South Carolina, United States. The community sits along the Cherokee Foothills Scenic Highway and South Carolina Highway 14, flanking the Spartanburg County border to its east.

South Carolina Highway 11
South Carolina Highway 11 (SC 11), also known as the Cherokee Foothills Scenic Highway, is a 119.850-mile (192.880 km) state highway through the far northern part of the U.S. state of South Carolina, following the southernmost peaks of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The route is surrounded by peach orchards, quaint villages, and parks. It is an alternative to Interstate 85 (I-85) and has been featured by such publications as National Geographic, Rand McNally, and Southern Living.
N. Dennis
N. Dennis (23 January 1929 – 21 June 2013) was an Indian politician and Member of Parliament from Nagercoil constituency. He was elected six times to the Lok Sabha from Nagercoil constituency as an Indian National Congress candidate in 1980, 1984, 1989 and 1991 elections and as a Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar) candidate in 1996 and 1998 elections. He died in 2013 after a brief illness.

1989 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu
The 1989 Indian general election polls in Tamil Nadu were held for 39 seats in the state. The result was a landslide victory for Indian National Congress, and its ally All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, winning 38 out of 39 seats. This election marked the dominance of INC-AIADMK in Tamil Nadu, till 1996. The opposition party Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam failed to win a single seat, resulting in the party's downturn in national and state politics for the coming years. Because National Front won at the national level, Rajya Sabha member Murasoli Maran got a cabinet berth in the new V. P. Singh administration.
2024 Braga Open – Doubles
Marco Bortolotti and Alexandru Jecan were the defending champions but chose to defend their title with different partners. Bortolotti partnered Daniel Cukierman but lost in the final to Théo Arribagé and Francisco Cabral. Jecan partnered Ivan Liutarevich but lost in the semifinals to Arribagé and Cabral.

Arribagé and Cabral won the title after defeating Bortolotti and Cukierman 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Théo Arribagé
Théo Arribagé (born 9 October 2000) is a French professional tennis player, who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 30 achieved on 16 February 2026. He has won five ATP Tour and ten ATP Challenger titles.
Apertura 2013 Liga MX final phase
The Apertura 2013 Liga MX final phase commonly known as Liguilla (mini league) was played from 24 November 2015 to 15 December 2015. A total of eight teams competed in the final phase to decide the champions of the Apertura 2013 Liga MX season. Both finalists qualified to the 2014–15 CONCACAF Champions League.

Darwin Quintero
Carlos Darwin Quintero Villalba (born 19 September 1987) is a Colombian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Categoría Primera A club Deportivo Pereira. Quintero is also known by his nickname of El Científico del Gol (The Goal Scientist).  He has played various roles throughout his career, spending time leading the line as a striker, playing out wide as a winger, and playing underneath another striker as a second striker and central attacking midfielder throughout his career.  His main attributes throughout his career have been his pace, creativity, and dribbling ability.
Laboratory experiments of speciation
Laboratory experiments of speciation have been conducted for all four modes of speciation: allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, and sympatric; and various other processes involving speciation: hybridization, reinforcement, founder effects, among others. Most of the experiments have been done on flies, in particular Drosophila fruit flies. However, more recent studies have tested yeasts, fungi, and even viruses.

It has been suggested that laboratory experiments are not conducive to vicariant speciation events (allopatric and peripatric) due to their small population sizes and limited generations. Most estimates from studies of nature indicate that speciation takes hundreds of thousands to millions of years. On the other hand, many species are thought to have speciated faster and more recently, such as the European flounders (Platichthys flesus) that spawn in pelagic and demersal zones—having allopatrically speciated in under 3000 generations.

Demersal fish
Demersal fish, also known as groundfish, live and feed on or near the bottom of seas or lakes (the demersal zone). They occupy the sea floors and lake beds, which usually consist of mud, sand, gravel or rocks. In coastal waters, they are found on or near the continental shelf, and in deep waters, they are found on or near the continental slope or along the continental rise. They are not generally found in the deepest waters, such as abyssal depths or on the abyssal plain, but they can be found around seamounts and islands. The word demersal comes from the Latin demergere, which means to sink.

Demersal fish are bottom feeders. They can be contrasted with pelagic fish, which live and feed away from the bottom in the open water column.
Demersal fish fillets contain little fish oil (one to four per cent), whereas pelagic fish can contain up to 30 per cent.
16-Ketoestrone
16-Ketoestrone (16-keto-E1, or 16-oxoestrone, or 16-oxo-E1) is an endogenous estrogen related to 16α-hydroxyestrone and 16β-hydroxyestrone. In contrast to 16α-hydroxyestrone and 16β-hydroxyestrone, but similarly to 16-ketoestradiol, 16-ketoestrone is a very weak estrogen with less than 1/1000 the estrogenic potency of estrone in the uterus. 16-Ketoestrone has been reported to act as an inhibitor of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. 16-Ketoestrone can be converted by 16α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase into estriol in the body.

16-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
In enzymology, a 16alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.147) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

a 16alpha-hydroxysteroid + NAD(P)+  a 16-oxosteroid + NAD(P)H + H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are 16alpha-hydroxysteroid, NAD+, and NADP+, whereas its 4 products are 16-oxosteroid, NADH, NADPH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 16alpha-hydroxysteroid:NAD(P)+ 16-oxidoreductase. This enzyme is also called 16alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase.
Reames
Reames is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred E. Reames (1870–1943), American attorney and politician

Britt Reames (born 1973), American baseball player

John Reames (1942–2008), British football manager

Richard Reames (born 1957), American arborsculptor

Alfred E. Reames
Alfred Evan Reames (February 5, 1870 – March 4, 1943) was an American attorney and politician from the state of Oregon. A native Oregonian, he served as a United States Senator for nine months in 1938. A Democrat, he practiced law in Portland, Eugene, and Jacksonville.