hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tube cleaning
Tube cleaning describes the activity of, or device for, the cleaning and maintenance of fouled tubes.

The need for cleaning arises because the medium that is transported through the tubes may cause deposits and finally even obstructions. In system engineering and in industry, particular demands are placed upon surface roughness or heat transfer. In the food and pharmaceutical industries as well as in medical technology, the requirements are germproofness, and that the tubes are free from foreign matter, for example after the installation of the tube or after a change of product. Another trouble source may be corrosion due to deposits which may also cause tube failure.

Surface roughness
Surface roughness or simply roughness is the quality of a surface of not being smooth and it is hence linked to human (haptic) perception of the surface texture. From a mathematical perspective it is related to the spatial variability structure of surfaces, and inherently it is a multiscale property. It has different interpretations and definitions depending on the disciplines considered.

In surface metrology, surface roughness is a component of surface finish (surface texture). It is quantified by the deviations in the direction of the normal vector of a real surface from its ideal form. If these deviations are large, the surface is rough; if they are small, the surface is smooth. Roughness is typically assumed to be the high-frequency, short-wavelength component of a measured surface. However, in practice it is often necessary to know both the amplitude and frequency to ensure that a surface is fit for a purpose.
Kowang
Kowang is a village in Mustang District and former village development committee (VDC) in the Dhawalagiri Zone of northern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 659 people living in 170 individual households.

The VDC was abolished along with the other VDCs in March 2017 (replaced by Rural Municipalities), becoming part of the Thasang Rural Municipality, while the Dhawalagiri Zone was abolished along with the other Zones (replaced by provinces) in 2015, becoming part of Gandaki Province.

Rural municipality (Nepal)
A gaunpalika (Nepali: गाउँपालिका, romanized: Gāum̐pālikā, lit. 'rural municipality' Nepali pronunciation: [ɡãũ̯palika]) is an administrative division in Nepal. The Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development dissolved the existing village development committees and announced the establishment of this new local body. It is a sub-unit of a district. There are currently 481 rural municipalities.
Boundary conformal field theory
In theoretical physics, boundary conformal field theory (BCFT) is a conformal field theory defined on a spacetime with a boundary (or boundaries). Different kinds of boundary conditions for the fields may be imposed on the fundamental fields; for example, Neumann boundary condition or Dirichlet boundary condition is acceptable for free bosonic fields. BCFT was developed by John Cardy.

In the context of string theory, physicists are often interested in two-dimensional BCFTs. The specific types of boundary conditions in a specific CFT describe different kinds of D-branes.

BCFT is also used in condensed matter physics - it can be used to study boundary critical behavior and to solve quantum impurity models.

Dirichlet boundary condition
In mathematics, the Dirichlet boundary condition is imposed on an ordinary or partial differential equation, such that the values that the solution takes along the boundary of the domain are fixed. The question of finding solutions to such equations is known as the Dirichlet problem. In the sciences and engineering, a Dirichlet boundary condition may also be referred to as a fixed boundary condition or boundary condition of the first type. It is named after Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (1805–1859).

In finite-element analysis, the essential or Dirichlet boundary condition is defined by weighted-integral form of a differential equation. The dependent unknown u in the same form as the weight function w appearing in the boundary expression is termed a primary variable, and its specification constitutes the essential or Dirichlet boundary condition.
Callus (cell biology)
Plant callus (plural calluses or calli) is a growing mass of unorganized plant parenchyma cells. In living plants, callus cells are those cells that cover a plant wound. In biological research and biotechnology callus formation is induced from plant tissue samples (explants) after surface sterilization and plating onto tissue culture medium in vitro (in a closed culture vessel such as a Petri dish).    The culture medium is supplemented with plant growth regulators, such as auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin, to initiate callus formation or somatic embryogenesis.  Callus initiation has been described for all major groups of land plants.

Gibberellin
Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones that regulate various developmental processes, including stem elongation, germination, dormancy, flowering, flower development, and leaf and fruit senescence. They are one of the longest-known classes of plant hormone. It is thought that the selective breeding (albeit unconscious) of crop strains that were deficient in GA synthesis was one of the key drivers of the "green revolution" in the 1960s, a revolution that is credited to have saved over a billion lives all over the world.
Abe Orpen
Abraham 'Abe' Michael Orpen (February 9, 1854 – September 22, 1937) was a Canadian businessman, best known for his ownership of several horse-racing tracks in Ontario, Canada. Born in Toronto, Orpen first worked as a carpenter, became a hotel keeper, owned several construction-related businesses, then branched into horse-racing. He owned the Dufferin Park Racetrack, Hillcrest Racetrack and Long Branch Racetrack, and was a partner in the Kenilworth Park Racetrack at Windsor, Ontario, and the Thorncliffe Park Raceway in Leaside, Ontario. Orpen was well known as a facilitator of gambling, first at his hotel, and eventually at a casino in Mimico, Ontario. After his death, his family continued the horse-racing businesses until the 1950s, when they sold their tracks during a time of consolidation of racetracks in Ontario.

Thorncliffe Park Raceway
Thorncliffe Park Raceway was a Toronto-area racetrack that operated from 1917 until 1952. It was located east of Millwood Road, south of Eglinton Avenue East and the CPR's railroad tracks. It was the first home of the Prince of Wales Stakes. The name is retained today by the Thorncliffe Park neighbourhood.
Lada Silhouette
The Lada Silhouette (also known as the Lada 2116) is a family car concept car developed by Russian automaker AvtoVAZ in collaboration with Porsche Engineering (who also had input into earlier VAZ designs such as the Samara (VAZ-2108) and the Lada 110-series) and originally revealed to the public in 2005.

In 2006, the concept was revised and developed and called the project was dubbed Project C, and is known by the official designator VAZ-2116. It was shown to the public at the 2006 Moscow International Motor Show.

Leaked photographs of the a prototype vehicle were originally published in 2008, and early speculation cited a launch date of around 2008 or 2009 but the car never went beyond prototype stage and didn't reach production.

Lada 110
The Lada 110 or VAZ-2110 is a compact car built by the Russian automaker AvtoVAZ from 1995 to 2009. It spawned two close derivatives: the Lada 111 estate and the Lada 112 hatchback.

The Lada 110 and its variants were replaced in 2007 by the Lada Priora; which was a largely restyled and modernised version of the Lada 110.
Idiommata scintillans
Idiommata scintillans is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1918 by Australian arachnologists William Joseph Rainbow and Robert Henry Pulleine.

Robert Henry Pulleine
Robert Henry Pulleine (7 June 1869 – 13 June 1935) was an Australian physician and naturalist, who was known internationally for his studies of Australian trapdoor spiders.

Pulleine was born in Picton, New Zealand and spent much of his childhood in Fiji. In 1881 his family moved to Adelaide in South Australia. He studied medicine in Adelaide, Sydney and, later, in Germany and Britain, eventually becoming an eye, ear, nose and throat specialist, setting up as a consultant in Adelaide. He married Ethel Constance Louise Cunningham Williams in 1899, with whom he had a son and four daughters.

Pulleine had a deep interest in natural history as well as in anthropology. He belonged to 18 learned societies and published numerous articles and scientific papers on medical, zoological, botanical and other topics. With arachnologist William Joseph Rainbow, he described several species of trapdoor spiders.
Magetan railway station
Magetan Station (Indonesian: Stasiun Magetan, station code: MAG, formerly Barat Station (BAT)) is a third-class railway station in Karangsono, Barat, Magetan Regency, East Java, Indonesia, operated by Kereta Api Indonesia. This is the only railway station in Magetan Regency and located 20 km northeast from capital city of Magetan.

This station's new building is operated—which has four tracks (two main lines and two passing tracks)—since Babadan–Geneng double track segment activation on 16 October 2019. Moreover, this former railway station name, Barat, has been changed.

Pasar Senen railway station
Pasar Senen Station (PSE) is a railway station located in Jakarta, Indonesia. It is the second largest railway station in Jakarta after Gambir Station. It is located close to Pasar Senen market area in Senen, Senen, Central Jakarta. The current building was built in 1918 and inaugurated on 19 March 1925.

Pasar Senen only serves Economy and Business class intercity train except Gumarang and Sawunggalih. It also serves as a station for northbound KRL Commuterline trains.
Jaha Dukureh
Jaha Dukureh (born 1989 or 1990) is a Gambian women's right activist and anti-female genital mutilation campaigner. Dukureh was subjected to female genital mutilation in the Gambia when she was a little more than a week old. She is the founder and executive director of Safe Hands for Girls, an organization working to end FGM, and was the lead campaigner in The Guardian's End FGM Guardian Global Media Campaign. In April 2016, she was named to the 2016 Time 100 list. Dukureh was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in February 2018, has won the Eleanor Roosevelt Val-Kill Medal, and is a UN Women Goodwill Ambassador for Africa. A feature film about Jaha's life was released by Accidental Pictures and The Guardian. Her memoir, I Will Scream to the World was published by Kensington Books in 2024.

UN Women
The United Nations Programme for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women, also known as UN Women, is a United Nations agency charged with working for gender equality and the empowerment of women. UN Women is charged with advocating for the rights of women and girls, and focusing on a number of issues, including violence against women and violence against LGBT people.

UN Women was established by a merger of the UN Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM, established in 1976) and other agencies and became operational in 2011. The organization operates under a governance structure and has an executive board representing different regions. Former President of Chile Michelle Bachelet was its inaugural executive director and Jordanian Sima Sami Bahous is its current executive director. UN Women is a member of the UN Development Group.
Shave It
"Shave It" is a song by Russian-German electronic music producer Zedd. The song was produced and written by Zedd, and released on 4 October 2011 via Skrillex's record label Owsla. The song peaked at number 4 on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs chart on 3 March 2012. An extended play of the track – featuring remixes by Kaskade, Tommy Trash, and 501 – was released on 8 November 2011, titled Shave It – The Aftershave.

The alternate version of the song, "Shave It Up", is included on Zedd's debut studio album, Clarity. The extended version was released exclusively on Beatport on 22 October 2012. Another song that incorporates the use of "Shave It" is Zedd's song "Hourglass" (featuring LIZ), the track before "Shave It Up" in Clarity. After the 4 minutes of the main part of the song, it becomes a 1:15-prelude to "Shave It Up".

Liz (American singer)
Elizabeth Nicole Abrams, better known as Liz (stylized as LIZ) or Liz Y2K, is an American pop singer and actress from Tarzana, Los Angeles, California.

Liz gained more attention in 2015 when she released a single, made with producer Sophie, called "When I Rule the World" which first appeared in a Samsung commercial.

She is additionally recognized for her late 1990s/early 2000s influence which is prevalent in both her music and fashion. The "Y2K" in her social media handles is in reference to this.
Coimbatore District (Madras Presidency)
Coimbatore District was one of the districts of the erstwhile Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the areas of the present-day districts of Coimbatore, Erode and Tirupur and the Kollegal taluk of present-day Karnataka. It covered a total area of 20,400 square kilometres (7,860 sq mi) and was sub-divided into 10 taluks. The administrative headquarters was Coimbatore city. Most of Coimbatore's inhabitants were Tamil-speaking but there were also large numbers of Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada speaking people.

Tiruppur district
Tiruppur district is one of the 38 districts of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, formed in 22 February 2009. Dharapuram was the largest taluk by area in the district. The district is well-developed and industrialized. The Tiruppur banian industry, the cotton market, Kangeyam bull and Uthukkuli butter, among other things, provide for a vibrant economy. The city of Tiruppur is the administrative headquarters for the district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 2,479,052 with a sex-ratio of 989 females for every 1,000 males.
Berestove, Bakhmut Raion, Donetsk Oblast
Berestove (Ukrainian: Берестове; Russian: Берестовое, romanized: Berestovoye; German: Birkenfeld or Neu-Nikolaifeld) is a village in Bakhmut Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, about 95.5 kilometres (59.3 mi) east-northeast from the centre of Donetsk city. It belongs to Soledar urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Raions of Ukraine
A raion (Ukrainian: район, romanized: raion; pl. райони, raiony), often translated as district, is the second-level administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged.

On 17 July 2020, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) approved an administrative reform to merge most of the 490 raions, along with the "cities of regional significance", which were previously outside the raions, into just 136 reformed raions. Most tasks of the raions (education, healthcare, sport facilities, culture, and social welfare) were taken over by new hromadas, the subdivisions of raions. The 136 new districts include ten in Crimea, which have been de facto outside Ukrainian control since the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014.
Óðinn Þór Ríkharðsson
Óðinn Þór Ríkharðsson (23 October 1997) is an Icelandic handball player for Kadetten Schaffhausen and the Icelandic national handball team.

He represented Iceland at the 2019 World Men's Handball Championship. He was the top scorer of the 2022–23 EHF European League, scoring 110 goals.

At the 2026 European Men's Handball Championship he finished 4th with Iceland, losing to Denmark in the semifinal and Croatia in the third-place playoff.

2019 World Men's Handball Championship
The 2019 IHF World Men's Handball Championship was the 26th event hosted by the International Handball Federation and held in Denmark and Germany from 10 to 27 January 2019. It was the first IHF World Men's Handball Championship to include more than one host country. It was also the first time a unified Korean team participated.

Denmark, in a clean sweep, won their first title by defeating Norway 31–22 in the final. This was Norway's second final in a row and the first final since 1995 between two nations who had not won before. France captured the bronze medal after a 26–25 win over Germany.

The tournament set a new spectator record with 906,283, helped by the fact that there were two home teams. Biggest number of spectator at single events was 19,250 at Germany's matches in the main round.
Lincoln Center Historic District
The Lincoln Center Historic District is a historic district on Bedford, Lincoln, Old Lexington, Sandy Pond, Trapelo & Weston Roads in Lincoln, Massachusetts. The district encompasses Lincoln's civic heart, consisting of a traditional New England Meeting House, a Late Victorian church and the Lincoln Public Library, and a Georgian Revival town hall, as well as a cluster of residences dating to the mid-18th century, when Lincoln was established as a town separate from its neighbors.

The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Colonial meeting house
A colonial meeting house was a meeting house used by communities in colonial New England. Built using tax money, the colonial meeting house was the focal point of the community where the town's residents could discuss local issues, conduct religious worship, and engage in town business.
Suzanne Kiamba
Suzanne Ndunge Kiamba is a Kenyan politician from the WDM-K. She represents the Makueni Constituency in the National Assembly.

In the 2022 Kenyan general election she became the first woman to be elected MP for the constituency. She was one of several new women MPs as the total number of women MPs elected increased in 2022. Amina Laura Mnyazi, Irene Njoki Mjembo, Agnes Mantaine Pareyio, Phyllis Jepkemoi, Marianne Jebet Kitany, Mary Maingi and Kiamba were all new MPs.

National Assembly (Kenya)
The National Assembly of the Republic of Kenya (formerly House of Representatives) is one of the two Houses of the Parliament of Kenya. Between 1966 and 2013, it served as a unicameral house. In 2013 (11th Parliament), it became the lower house when the Senate was reestablished.

It has a total of 349 seats: 290 elected from the constituencies, 47 women elected from the counties and 12 nominated representatives. The Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya serves as an ex officio member.

The High Court of Kenya ordered lawmakers to introduce gender quotas, or face dissolution in the mid-2010s, following the implementation of the 2010 Constitution.
Goble
Goble is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Roy Goble (1957–2014), Canadian singer and musician

Carole Goble (born 1961), professor of Computer Science at the University of Manchester

Elaine Goble (born 1956), Canadian visual artist

George H. Goble, staff member at Purdue University

Graeham Goble (born 1947), Australian singer-songwriter, founder of Little River Band

Jonathan Goble, American Baptist minister and missionary

Les Goble (1932–2019), American football player

Paul Goble (writer and illustrator) (1933–2017), author and illustrator of children's books

Paul A. Goble (born 1949), American analyst, writer and columnist

Robert Goble (1903–1991), English harpsichord builder

Stanley Goble (1891–1948), senior commander in the Royal Australian Air Force

Steve Goble (born 1960), English (soccer) footballer

Tony Goble (1943–2007), Welsh artist

Warwick Goble (1862–1943), Victorian illustrator of children's books

Brian Roy Goble
Brian Roy Goble, (January 4, 1957 – December 7, 2014), also known as Wimpy Roy or Brian "Sunny Boy Roy" Goble, was a Canadian singer and musician. He played bass and sang for several Vancouver punk bands. After starting with Stone Crazy, Brian then began playing punk rock, playing bass with The Skulls, before becoming lead singer for The Subhumans when The Skulls split. After the demise of Subhumans, Brian joined D.O.A. in the early 1980s as bass player and second singer.  After playing and singing on a number of D.O.A. albums, he quit in 1996 after the Black Spot tour. He would later reunite with The Subhumans in 2006.

Goble died of a heart attack on December 7, 2014, aged 57.
Battle of Narbonne (763)
The Battle of Narbonne was a military engagement near Narbonne in 763 during the Aquitanian War. The forces of the Frankish counts Australdus and Galemanius defeated the Aquitanian forces of Count Mantio, killing Mantio and his retinue in the process and routing the Gascon levies in the Aquitanian service.

Engagement (military)
A military engagement is combat between two forces, neither larger than a division nor smaller than a company, in which each has an assigned or perceived mission. An engagement begins when the attacking force initiates combat in pursuit of its mission, and ends when the attacker has accomplished the mission, or ceases to try to accomplish the mission, or when one or both sides receive sufficient reinforcements, thus initiating a new engagement.

As a tactical mission, the engagement is often a part of a battle. An engagement normally lasts one to two days; it may be as brief as a few hours and is rarely longer than five days. It is at this scale of combat that tactical engagement ranges of weapons and support systems become important to the troops and their commanders.
Coming Out (1989 film)
Coming Out is a 1989 East German film directed by Heiner Carow and written by Wolfram Witt which deals with the lead character, a high school teacher, "coming out" and accepting himself as gay. It was the last East German film released to the public prior to the German reunification and one of the last films made by DEFA, the East German state film studio, and the only gay-themed feature film that it made.

The film premiered at the Kino International in Berlin on 9 November 1989, the night that the Berlin Wall was opened.

It won a number of awards including a Silver Bear and Teddy Award at 40th Berlin International Film Festival, and awards at the National Feature Film Festival of the GDR.

The lead actors are Matthias Freihof, Dagmar Manzel, and Dirk Kummer. The film was shot on location in East Berlin and includes scenes shot with amateurs in some of the gay venues of the time. The East German transgender activist Charlotte von Mahlsdorf played a cameo role as a barmaid.

Gay bar
A gay bar is a drinking establishment that caters to an exclusively or predominantly lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or queer (LGBTQ+) clientele; the term gay is used as a broadly inclusive concept for LGBTQ+ communities.

Gay bars once served as the centre of gay culture and were one of the few places people with same-sex orientations and gender-variant identities could openly socialize. Other names used to describe these establishments include boy bar, girl bar, gay club, gay pub, queer bar, lesbian bar, drag bar, and dyke bar, depending on the communities that they serve.

With the advent of the Internet and an increasing acceptance of LGBTQ+ people across the Western world, the relevance of gay bars in the LGBTQ+ community has somewhat diminished. In areas without a gay bar, certain establishments may hold a gay night instead.