hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2018 Philippine Super Liga Collegiate Grand Slam
The 2018 Philippine Super Liga Collegiate Grand Slam was the 16th indoor volleyball conference of the Philippine Super Liga, the fifth and final conference of the 2018 season, and the 20th conference overall. It was also the only staging of the Collegiate Grand Slam in the league. The games began on November 3, 2018 at the Ynares Sports Arena, Pasig. The conference coincided with the 2018 All-Filipino Conference and utilized a round robin system during the preliminary round with the top four teams advancing to the next round. The losers of the semifinal round competed for the bronze medal while the winners advance to the championship round. The champion will go to a training camp in Thailand.

This conference ran simultaneously with the 2018 All-Filipino Conference.

Philippine Super Liga
The Philippine Super Liga (PSL; alternatively spelled as Philippine Superliga) was a non-professional corporate club women's volleyball league in the Philippines. It was first organized by SportsCore Event Management and Consultancy, Inc. and later owned by Athletic Events & Sports Management Group (ACES), Inc. The league was envisioned to provide former collegiate players a league with which they can continue with their volleyball career.

The PSL also had a men's division from 2013 to 2014, although its beach volleyball tournament both have a women's and men's division since its inception.

In 2021, the PSL was left without any active team after all teams either filed a leave of absence due to the COVID-19 pandemic or moved to the newly professionalized Premier Volleyball League, the PSL's rival league.
Fiorello Giraud
Fiorello Giraud (22 October 1870 – 28 March 1928) was an Italian operatic tenor who sang leading roles in many Italian opera houses during the course of his career, including La Scala, the Teatro Regio di Parma, and the Teatro Regio di Torino, as well as in Spain, Portugal, and Latin America. He is remembered today for having created the role of Canio in the world premiere of Leoncavallo's Pagliacci.

Teatro Regio (Turin)
The Teatro Regio (Royal Theatre) is a prominent opera house and opera company in Turin, Piedmont, Italy. Its season runs from October to June with the presentation of eight or nine operas given from five to twelve performances of each.

Several buildings provided venues for operatic productions in Turin from the mid-16th century, but it was not until 1713 that a proper opera house was considered, and under the architect Filippo Juvarra planning began. However, the cornerstone was not laid until the reign of Charles Emmanuel III in 1738 after Juvarra's death. The work was supervised by Benedetto Alfieri until the theatre was completed and decorated by Bernardino Galliari.

Puccini premiered his La Bohème in 1896 in the Teatro Regio.
Rubroshorea venulosa
Rubroshorea venulosa is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae which is native to Borneo.

The species was first described as Shorea venulosa in 1963. The specific epithet venulosa means 'small veins', referring to the leaf. In 2022 Peter Shaw Ashton and Jacqueline Heckenhauer placed the species in genus Rubroshorea as R. venulosa.

Peter Shaw Ashton
Peter Shaw Ashton (born 27 June 1934) is a British botanist and forest ecologist. He worked as the Charles Bullard Professor of Forestry at Harvard University from 1991 to 2005 and served as director of the Arnold Arboretum from 1978 to 1987.
Arpalıuşağı, Hassa
Arpalıuşağı, historically Arapuşağı, is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Hassa, Hatay Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 634 in 2022.

In the late 19th century, German orientalist Martin Hartmann listed the village as a settlement of six houses inhabited by Turks.

Martin Hartmann
Martin Hartmann (9 December 1851, Breslau – 5 December 1918, Berlin) was a German orientalist, who specialized in Islamic studies.

In 1875, he received his doctorate at the University of Leipzig as a student of Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer. From 1876 to 1887 he served as a dragoman at the German General Consulate in Beirut. From 1887 until his death in 1918 he taught classes at the Department of Oriental Languages in Berlin.

As a professor in Berlin he strove hard for the recognition of Islamic studies as an independent discipline. His numerous contributions to the field of Islamic studies were based on a sociological standpoint. Many of these works were published in the journal "Die Welt des Islams" (The World of Islam), a publication of the "Deutsche Gesellschaft für Islamkunde", an organization that Hartmann was a co-founder of in 1912.
Rafael Lucas Rodríguez
Rafael Lucas Rodríguez Caballero (March 24, 1915 in San Ramón – January 29, 1981) was a Costa Rican biologist, botanist, and artist known for his drawings of Costa Rican wildlife.  He was a recipient of the Magón National Prize for Culture in 1977.

Magón National Prize for Culture
The Magón National Prize for Culture (Premio Nacional de Cultura Magón) is an award given by the government of Costa Rica, through its Ministry of Youth, Culture, and Sport, to a Costa Rican citizen in recognition of their life's work in the cultural field. It was created in 1961 by Law  2901 and amended in 1993 by Law 7345.

The prize's name is in homage to writer Manuel González Zeledón (1864–1936), who wrote under the nom-de-plume "Magón". It has been awarded annually since 1962.
2009–10 Senior Women's T20 Challenger Trophy
The 2009–10 Senior Women's T20 Challenger Trophy was the inaugural season of India's Women's T20 Challenger Trophy. Three teams made up of the best players in India competed in a round-robin group, with the top two advancing to the final. India Green beat India Blue in the final by 24 runs to win the tournament. All matches were held at the Sardar Patel Stadium, Ahmedabad across four days in January 2010. The tournament is the Twenty20 equivalent of the Senior Women's Challenger Trophy, and was not played again until the 2018–19 season.

Senior Women's Challenger Trophy
The Senior Women's Challenger Trophy was an Indian women's one-day cricket tournament. It was the women's version of NKP Salve Challenger Trophy. Established in the 2008–09 season, it was played with the purpose of showcasing the talent that the country has, as well as providing opportunities for younger players to make an impression. India Blue have won the tournament five times. The current champions are India A, who won the 2021–22 edition.
Sridhar Vembu
Sridhar Vembu (born 1968) is an Indian billionaire business magnate and the founder and former chief executive officer of the Zoho Corporation. According to Forbes, he is the 39th richest person in India with a net worth of $5.85 billion, as of 2024. He was awarded India's fourth highest civilian award, the Padma Shri, in 2021.

As per Forbes list of India’s 100 richest tycoons, dated October 09, 2024, Sridhar Vembu & siblings are ranked 51st with a net worth of $5.8 Billion.

National Security Council (India)
The National Security Council (NSC) (IAST: Rāṣṭrīya Surakṣā Pariṣad) of India is an executive government body tasked with advising the Prime Minister of India on matters of national security and foreign policy. It was established by the former prime minister of India Atal Bihari Vajpayee on 19 November 1998, with Brajesh Mishra as the first National Security Advisor.
Shacklewell Hollow
Shacklewell Hollow is a 3.2 hectares (7.9 acres) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Empingham in Rutland, and beside the A606 road.

This marshy site is in the valley of a tributary of the River Gwash. The marsh is dominated by hard rush, and there are several artificial ponds with large populations of mare's tail. There are also areas of calcareous grassland and alder wood.

The site is private property with no public access.

Shacklewell Hollow is also the name of a Scout campsite. It can accommodate up to 100 people in 4.5 acres (1.8 ha)  of grassland and woods.

A606 road
The A606 is an A road in England that starts in West Bridgford, on the outskirts of Nottingham, and heads southeastwards through Leicestershire and the towns of Melton Mowbray and Oakham, terminating at Stamford, Lincolnshire on the former Great North Road.
Intramural sports
Intramural sports, also known as interhall sports, hall sports, or (in collegiate universities, particularly in the UK) inter-collegiate sport or college sport, are recreational sports organized within a particular institution, usually an educational institution, for the purpose of fun and exercise. The term is chiefly North American, although the concept originates from the United Kingdom and the term has been adopted there (normally as intramural sport in the singular). It is contrasted with extramural, varsity or intercollegiate (US) sports, which are played between teams from different educational institutions. The word intermural, which means "between institutions", is a common error for "intramural".

Collingwood College, Durham
Collingwood College is one of the constituent colleges of Durham University. Founded in 1972, it was the first Durham college that was purposely mixed-sex. It has over 1500 undergraduate students and just under 290 graduate students as of the year 2023/24, making it the largest college in Durham.

The college is the first to break off centuries of Durham traditions, as it is the first college to never police corridors and to never make the use of gown compulsory. The college also developed a reputation for its unrivalled supremacy in sports, having won the intercollegiate sports trophy for 11 years in a row.

The college was named after the mathematician Sir Edward Collingwood (1900–1970), who was a former Chair of the Council of Durham University.
El Perich
Jaume Perich Escala, better known as El Perich (Barcelona, November 5, 1941-Mataró, February 1, 1995), was a Catalan writer, cartoonist and humorist. He was also the translator of French series such as Asterix, Blueberry and Achille Talon, among others.

Mataró
Mataró (Catalan pronunciation: [mətəˈɾo]) is the capital and largest town of the Maresme county in Catalonia, Spain. It is located on the Maresme coast, to the south of Costa Brava, between Cabrera de Mar and Sant Andreu de Llavaneres, 30 kilometres (19 miles) north-east of Barcelona. As of 2021, it had a population of 129,749.
HMS Sword Dance (T132)
HMS Sword Dance (T132) was a Dance-class naval trawler built by Henry Robb Ltd in Leith. She was laid down on 2 March 1940, and launched from the yard on 3 September 1940. She was commissioned into H.M. Forces on 20th of January 1941. It was considered to be part of "The Little Ship Navy" and carried out minesweeping and anti-submarine duties. It is similar to Tree-class trawlers and Isles-class trawlers.

Tree-class trawler
Tree-class trawlers were a class of anti-submarine naval trawlers which served in the Royal Navy during the Second World War. They were nearly identical to the Isles-class trawlers, of which they are usually considered a subclass.

Six Tree-class trawlers were lost during the war: Almond, Ash, Chestnut, Hickory, Juniper and Pine. One, Mangrove, was transferred to Portugal in 1943.

By the end of 1946, only Olive and Walnut remained in service with the Royal Navy. Both were sold in 1948.
Neptuniibacter caesariensis
Neptuniibacter caesariensis is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, slightly halophilic and motile bacterium from the genus of Neptuniibacter which has been isolated from water from the Mediterranean Sea.

Halophile
A halophile (from the Greek word for 'salt-loving') is an extremophile that thrives in high salt concentrations. In chemical terms, halophile refers to a Lewis acidic species that has some ability to extract halides from other chemical species.

While most halophiles are classified into the domain Archaea, there are also bacterial halophiles and some eukaryotic species, such as the alga Dunaliella salina and fungus Wallemia ichthyophaga. Some well-known species give off a red color from carotenoid compounds, notably bacteriorhodopsin.

Halophiles can be found in water bodies with salt concentration more than five times greater than that of the ocean, such as the Great Salt Lake in Utah, Owens Lake in California, the Lake Urmia in Iran, the Dead Sea, and in evaporation ponds. They are theorized to be a possible analogues for modeling extremophiles that might live in the salty subsurface water ocean of Jupiter's Europa and similar moons.
2021–22 Irish Cup
The 2021–22 Irish Cup (known as the Samuel Gelston's Whiskey Irish Cup for sponsorship purposes) was the 142nd edition of the Irish Cup, the premier knockout cup competition in Northern Irish football since its inauguration in 1881. The competition began on 7 August 2021 and concluded with the final at Windsor Park, Belfast on 7 May 2022.

Linfield were the defending champions, having defeated Larne 2–1 in the previous season's final. This season, they were defeated by Larne in the second round.

Crusaders were the winners, defeating Ballymena United 2–1 in the first ever meeting between the two teams in the final, and qualified for the 2022–23 UEFA Europa Conference League first qualifying round.

Halewood International
Halewood International or Halewood Artisanal Spirits PLC are UK-based distiller and distributor of artisanal spirits.

They are one of the UK's largest independent artisanal spirits distillers which exports to 95 countries.
William Jumper
Sir William Jumper (c. 1660 – 12 March 1715) was an officer of the Royal Navy. He rose to the rank of captain after service in the Nine Years' War and the War of the Spanish Succession. He is known for being one of the first to step onto land during the Capture of Gibraltar in 1704. Jumper's Bastion in Gibraltar was named after him.

Captain (Royal Navy)
Captain (Capt.) is a senior officer rank of the Royal Navy. It ranks above commander and below commodore and has a NATO ranking code of OF-5.  The rank is equivalent to a colonel in the British Army and Royal Marines, and to a group captain in the Royal Air Force.  There are similarly named equivalent ranks in the navies of many other countries.
Obermillstatt
46°48′38″N 13°35′27″E﻿ / ﻿46.81056°N 13.59083°E﻿ / 46.81056; 13.59083

Obermillstatt is a village and cadastral community in the municipality of Millstatt in Spittal an der Drau District, in Carinthia, Austria.

Carinthia
Carinthia (German: Kärnten [ˈkɛʁntn̩] ⓘ; Slovene: Koroška [kɔˈɾóːʃka] ⓘ or avstrijska Koroška; Italian: Carinzia [kaˈrintsja]) is the southernmost and least densely populated Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The Lake Wolayer is a mountain lake on the Carinthian side of the Carnic Main Ridge, near the Plöcken Pass. The main language is Austrian German, with its non-standard dialects belonging to the Southern Bavarian group; Carinthian Slovene dialects, forms of a South Slavic language that predominated in the southeastern part of the region up to the first half of the 20th century, are now spoken by a small minority in the area.

Carinthia's main industries are tourism, electronics, engineering, forestry, and agriculture.
Autódromo Internacional Ayrton Senna (Goiânia)
Autódromo Internacional Ayrton Senna is a motorsport race track located in Goiânia, Brazil. From 1987 to 1989, it hosted the Brazilian motorcycle Grand Prix in MotoGP.

On 14 December 2024, MotoGP announced that the Brazilian Grand Prix will return to Goiania in 2026, with the track being resurfaced and upgraded to be able to host, as it currently has a too low of a FIA/FIM Grade.

In March 2025, several riders such as Luca Marini, along with Franco Morbidelli, two premier class riders and two home riders, Eric Granado and Diogo Moreira, did a demo lap on this circuit in a special visit between the Argentine GP and America GP races.

2025 Argentine motorcycle Grand Prix
The 2025 Argentine motorcycle Grand Prix (officially known as the Gran Premio YPF Energía de Argentina) was the second round of the 2025 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. All races were held at the Autódromo Termas de Río Hondo in Termas de Río Hondo on 16 March 2025.
Stockport–Stalybridge line
The Stockport–Stalybridge line is a railway line in Greater Manchester, England. It runs north-east from Stockport to Stalybridge, via Guide Bridge. The line is used mainly by freight and empty stock workings, although it once had a frequent passenger service. In 1992, the service pattern reduced to a single weekly passenger train but, in 2018, this was increased to twice a week with one service in each direction on Saturday mornings. Services are operated by Northern Trains, usually with a Class 150 or Class 156 diesel multiple unit. The line is intended to be electrified as part of the Transpennine Route Upgrade.

British Rail Class 150
The British Rail Class 150 Sprinter is a class of diesel-hydraulic multiple unit passenger trains; they were developed and built by British Rail Engineering Limited at York Carriage Works between 1984 and 1987, for use on regional services across Great Britain. The type is a second-generation design, built to more modern standards and based on British Rail's Mark 3 body design for longer-distance services. It was developed alongside the lower-cost Pacers, which were built using bus parts for use on short-distance services. Two prototype units were built, followed by 135 production units in two batches. Further members of the Sprinter group were developed subsequently and introduced to service, including the Class 155, Class 156, Class 158 and Class 159.
Rudolf Podgornik
Rudolf Podgornik (27 August 1955 – 28 December 2024) was a Slovenian theoretical physicist.

Podgornik was an emeritus professor at the University of Ljubljana, and at the time of his death held a chair professorship at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is best known for his work on soft matter physics, physics of Coulombic fluids, physics of  macromolecular interactions, Lifshitz theory of Casimir–van der Waals dispersion interaction, Casimir effect, physics of membranes, polymers and polyelectrolytes and physics of DNA, RNA and viruses.

Coulomb
The coulomb (symbol: C) is the unit of electric charge in the International System of Units (SI). It is defined to be equal to the electric charge delivered by a 1 ampere current in 1 second, with the elementary charge e as a defining constant in the SI.
Rohan Kadam
Rohan Pramod Kadam (born 5 July 1994) is an Indian cricketer who represents Karnataka in domestic cricket. He made his List A debut for Karnataka in the 2016–17 Vijay Hazare Trophy on 6 March 2017. He made his Twenty20 debut for Karnataka in the 2018–19 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy on 21 February 2019. He was the leading run-scorer in the 2018–19 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy, with 536 runs in twelve matches. He made his first-class debut on 3 January 2020, for Karnataka in the 2019–20 Ranji Trophy.

Karnataka cricket team
Karnataka cricket team represents the Indian state of Karnataka in domestic cricket competitions. It has traditionally been one of the strongest teams in the domestic circuit and has produced many of Indian cricket team's iconic players. It was known as Mysore cricket team before the state of Mysore was officially renamed as Karnataka in 1973. It has won the Ranji Trophy eight times and been runners-up six times (including twice as the Mysore team). The team's home ground is the M. Chinnaswamy Stadium in Bengaluru. There was a major push in cricketing infrastructure in 2010s and as of now, grounds in Bengaluru, Mysuru, Hubballi are constantly used in Ranji Trophy, Vijay Hazare Trophy & Karnataka Premier League
Schunck
Schunck (Dutch pronunciation: [ɕuŋk]) is the name of former fashion house and department store Firma Schunck in Heerlen, the Netherlands. It is also the name for the collection of buildings the firm has been housed in, one of which is known as the Glaspaleis (Glass Palace), which is now a cultural centre and declared one of the 1000 most important buildings of the 20th century by the Union of International Architects.

The business grew from a small weaver's shop to the major department store in Heerlen and the innovating force in that town when coal mining declined. Over more than a century, it has been run by four consecutive generations of the family Schunck.

In current time, the Glaspaleis is a multidisciplinary cultural centre for contemporary art, architecture, music, dance and library named SCHUNCK.

Etos
Etos B.V., trading as Etos, was founded in 1919 by Philips to create a grocery and drugstore where Philips employees could benefit from lower priced products than the average stores. "Etos" is an abbreviation for the Dutch words: Eendracht, Toewijding, Overleg and Samenwerking (Unity, Devotion, Consultation and Cooperation). Since July 1, 2021, the Sebastiaan de Jong has served as brand president.
Dugesia tubqalis
Dugesia tubqalis is a species of dugesiid triclad that inhabits springs of Morocco. It is named after the Toubkal peak (Tubqal in Berber), the highest in the Atlas Mountains. It has been found between 1,702 and 2,164 m of altitude.

Toubkal
Toubkal (Arabic: توبقال, romanized: tūbqāl, pronounced [tuːbqaːl]), also Jbel Toubkal or Jebel Toubkal, is a mountain in central Morocco, located in the Toubkal National Park. At 4,167 m (13,671 ft), it is the highest peak in Morocco, the Atlas Mountains, North Africa and the Arab world. Located 63 km (39 mi) south of the city of Marrakesh, and visible from it, Toubkal is an ultra prominent peak, the highest for over 2,000 km (1,200 mi). Toubkal is ranked 27th by topographic isolation.
Jack Piddington
Jack Hobart Piddington (6 November 1910 – 16 July 1997) was an Australian research physicist and radio scientist. He was chief research scientist at the National Measurement Laboratory in Sydney, Australia from 1966 to 1975.

Piddington was born at Wagga Wagga in 1910. William Henry Piddington and Albert Piddington were elder brothers of his grandfather Frederick Hobart Piddington, and Ralph Piddington was a son of Albert Piddington. He received his tertiary education at the University of Sydney, from where he graduated with a B.Sc. in 1932, B.E. in 1934, and M.Sc. in 1936. He obtained his Ph.D. in 1938 from the University of Cambridge. He was awarded the David Syme Research Prize in 1958. He was awarded the T. K. Sidey Medal in 1959, an award set up by the Royal Society of New Zealand for outstanding scientific research. He was elected a fellow of the Australian Academy of Science in 1963.

Australian Academy of Science
The Australian Academy of Science is a scientific academy. It was founded in 1954 by a group of distinguished Australians, including Australian Fellows of the Royal Society of London, after its forerunner, the Australian National Research Council had been dissolved.  The Academy Secretariat is in Canberra, at the Shine Dome.
Uthama Raasa
Uthama Raasa (transl. Righteous King) is a 1993 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Raj Kapoor, starring Prabhu, Khushbu, Radha Ravi and Raja, while Goundamani, Senthil, Vaishnavi, Manorama, S. N. Lakshmi, and Charle play supporting roles. It was released on 23 April 1993.

Senthil
Senthil (born 23 March 1951) is an Indian comedy actor who works in Tamil cinema. He is famous for his comedian roles along with fellow actor Goundamani. The pair dominated the Tamil industry as comedians in the 1980s and 90s. They were described as "Tamil cinema's Laurel and Hardy."