hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Juliusz Żuławski
Juliusz Żuławski (7 October 1910 in Zakopane – 10 January 1999 in Warsaw) was a Polish poet, prose writer, literary critic and translator. He was an editor of Nowa Kultura (1950–1951), chairman of Polish PEN Club (during the years of 1978–1983 and 1988–1991), member of Stowarzyszenie Pisarzy Polskich. He fought during Polish September Campaign (1939).

PEN International
PEN International (known as International PEN until 2010) is a worldwide association of writers, founded in London in 1921 to promote friendship and intellectual co-operation among writers everywhere. The association has autonomous International PEN centres in more than 100 countries.

Other goals included: to emphasise the role of literature in the development of mutual understanding and world culture; to fight for freedom of expression; and to act as a powerful voice on behalf of writers harassed, imprisoned, and sometimes killed for their views.
The Three Sisters (1930 film)
The Three Sisters is a 1930 American pre-Code film directed by Paul Sloane and starring Louise Dresser, Tom Patricola and Kenneth MacKenna. It was distributed by Fox Film Corporation five years before they would become Twentieth Century Fox. It is unknown whether a print of the film still exists.

Fox Film
The Fox Film Corporation (also known as Fox Studios) was an American independent company that produced motion pictures and was formed in 1915 by the theater "chain" pioneer William Fox. It was the corporate successor to his earlier Greater New York Film Rental Company and Box Office Attraction Company (founded 1913).

The company's first film studios were set up in Fort Lee, New Jersey, but in 1917, William Fox sent Sol M. Wurtzel to Hollywood, California, to oversee the studio's new West Coast production facilities, where the climate was more hospitable for filmmaking. On July 23, 1926, Fox Studios bought the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.

After the Wall Street crash of 1929, William Fox lost control of the company in 1930, during a hostile takeover. Under new president Sidney R. Kent, the new owners merged the company with Twentieth Century Pictures to form Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation (later 20th Century Studios) in 1935.
Helen Clifton
Helen Clifton (née Ashman) (4 May 1948 – 14 June 2011) was a British Salvation Army Commissioner. She spent her childhood in London, connected to the Edmonton Corps of The Salvation Army. She was the daughter of Bandmaster Don and Mrs Betty Ashman. She was a teacher before entering the International Training College at Denmark Hill, London, to become a full-time Officer of The Salvation Army. She married the 18th General of The Salvation Army, Shaw Clifton, in 1967. He died in May 2023.

She held a Bachelor of Arts (Honours) degree in English language and literature from Westfield College, University of London and a Post-Graduate Certificate of Education from Goldsmiths’ College, University of London.

Westfield College
Westfield College was a small college situated in Hampstead, London, from 1882 to 1989. It was the first college to aim to educate women for University of London degrees from its opening. The college originally admitted only women as students and became coeducational in 1964. In 1989, it merged with Queen Mary College. The merged institution was named Queen Mary and Westfield College until 2000, when the name was publicly changed to Queen Mary University of London.
Polnocny-class landing ship
The Polnocny (or Polnochny)-class ships are amphibious warfare vessels. They were designed in Poland, in cooperation with the Soviet Navy and were built in Poland between 1967 and 2002. They now serve in several different navies, and some have been converted to civilian use. The name comes from the Stocznia Północna shipyard (Northern Shipyard) at Gdańsk, where they were built. 107 were built by 1986 (last 16 by Stocznia Marynarki Wojennej (Naval Shipyard) at Gdynia, Poland). In 2002, one ship of a modernised design NS-722 was built in Gdynia for Yemen.

Gdańsk Shipyard
The Gdańsk Shipyard (Polish: Stocznia Gdańska, formerly Lenin Shipyard) is a large Polish shipyard, located in the city of Gdańsk, northern Poland. The yard gained international fame when Polish trade union Solidarity (Solidarność) was founded there in September 1980. It is situated on the western side of Martwa Wisła and on Ostrów Island.
Bucculatrix exedra
Bucculatrix exedra is a species of moth of the family Bucculatricidae. It is found in Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu) and India. It was first described in 1915 by Edward Meyrick.

The wingspan is about 8 mm.

The larvae feed on Firmiana platanifolia. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Shikoku
Shikoku (四国, Shikoku; pronounced [ɕi̥ꜜ.ko.kɯ, ɕi̥.koꜜ.kɯ] ⓘ, lit. 'four provinces') is the smallest of the four main islands of Japan. It is 225 kilometres (140 miles) long and between 50 and 150 kilometres (30 and 95 miles) wide. It has a population of 3.8 million, the least populated of Japan's four main islands. It is south of Honshu and northeast of Kyushu. Shikoku's ancient names include Iyo-no-futana-shima (伊予之二名島), Iyo-shima (伊予島), and Futana-shima (二名島), and its current name refers to the four former provinces that make up the island: Awa, Tosa, Sanuki, and Iyo.
Central Woodward Christian Church
The Central Woodward Christian Church, now known as Historic Little Rock Missionary Baptist Church, is a Gothic Revival church located in Detroit, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

Originally home of Central Woodward Christian Church, a Metro-Detroit congregation affiliated with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), it was sold to Little Rock Missionary Baptist Church when the original congregation relocated to Troy, Michigan.

Troy, Michigan
Troy is a city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A northern suburb of Detroit, Troy is located about 15 miles (24 km) north of downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 87,294, making Troy the largest community in Oakland County and 13th-most populous municipality in the state.

Troy was organized as a township in 1827, and sections of the township were later incorporated into the cities of Birmingham, Clawson, and Royal Oak. The remainder of the township was incorporated as the city of Troy in 1955.
Ripper (racquet)
Ripper is a racquetball racquet. It is labeled with the word titanium, the slogan "Crushing power", the registered trademark "Wilson", as well as the "U.S. Pat. No. 6,935,975". According to the on-line United States Patent and Trademark Office as of 11 May 2007, there were only two "live" trademarks for the full mark, "Ripper". The racquet is also labeled with "Ripper" followed by the trademark symbol "TM". Wilson Sporting Goods claims that the racquet is made in China and has a:

weight of 215 grams,
head size of 108 square inches,
string tension of 33 to 35 lbf, and
an even balance.

Pound (force)
The pound of force or pound-force (symbol: lbf, sometimes lbf,) is a unit of force used in some systems of measurement, including English Engineering units and the foot–pound–second system.

Pound-force should not be confused with pound-mass (lb), often simply called "pound", which is a unit of mass; nor should these be confused with foot-pound (ft⋅lbf), a unit of energy, or pound-foot (lbf⋅ft), a unit of torque.
Julio Girón
Julio Estuardo Girón Rafael (born March 2, 1970) is a retired Guatemalan football midfielder. He played several years for Aurora F.C. and CSD Municipal before retiring at Deportivo Petapa in January 2008.

C.S.D. Municipal
Club Social y Deportivo Municipal (Spanish pronunciation: [klˈub soθjˈal ˈi dˌepoɾtˈiβo mˌuniθipˈal]), also known as Municipal or Los Rojos (the Reds), is a Guatemalan professional football club based in Guatemala City. They compete in the Liga Nos Une, the top tier of Guatemalan football.

The club plays their home matches at the Estadio El Trébol. As of 2015, they are the team that has remained the most years at the top level in Guatemala, having done so since the inception of the national league in 1942. They have won the domestic league 32 times, most recently winning the 2024 Clausura tournament. They won the CONCACAF Champions' Cup in 1974.

Municipal are the most popular football club in Guatemala and are traditional rivals of Comunicaciones, who are also based in Guatemala City, and with whom they share the lead in all-time league titles in the country with 32 each as of 2024.
Ray Creasey
Raymond Frederick ''Ray'' Creasey OBE (18 December 1921 – 16 July 1976) was a British aerodynamicist with British Aircraft Corporation (previously English Electric) from 1948 until his death in 1976. He was responsible for the aerodynamics of the Lightning interceptor aircraft.

Royal Aeronautical Society
The Royal Aeronautical Society, also known as the RAeS, is a British multi-disciplinary professional institution dedicated to the global aerospace community. Founded in 1866, it is the oldest aeronautical society in the world. Members, Fellows, and Companions of the society can use the post-nominal letters MRAeS, FRAeS, or CRAeS, respectively.
Poetry on the Lake
Poetry on the Lake is the event founded in 2001 by the director and organizer Gabriel Griffin, the seat is on Isola di San Giulio. Since 2001 Kevin Bailey has co-organised and judged at the annual Poetry on the Lake festival held at Orta San Giulio in Italy, the antique island on Lake Orta, northern Italy. Annual events include the spring international poetry competition (prizes are donated by Alessi) and the autumn celebration described by the British Poet Laureate Carol Ann Duffy on the South Bank Show, ITV, 6 December 2009 as:
"...perhaps the smallest but possibly the most perfect poetry festival in the world".
Events take place on the island, in the square of Orta, on Sacro Monte in the woods around the chapels, in the historic palaces (Palazzo Ubertini, Villa Bossi) on board ship ('una barca di poeti'- a poetic cruise), in the neighbouring towns and villages: Omegna, Orta, Pella, Varallo, Invorio and Ameno.

Ameno, Piedmont
Ameno (Piedmontese and Lombard: Amén) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Turin and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Novara. As of 31 December 2004, it has a population of 906 and an area of 10.0 square kilometres (3.9 mi2).

The word Ameno means a healthy, tranquil place in Italian. The village is on the top of a hill surrounded by mountains, a lake, and brushland. Ameno contains numerous ancient homes and castles belonging to noble families from Turin and Milan who vacationed in Ameno during the summer. In addition, the municipality has the Santuario della Madonna della Bocciola. Every June, the village hosts a Blues festival in Ameno.
2023 IWBF Men's European Championship
The 2023 IWBF Men's European Championship was the 26th edition of the European Wheelchair Basketball Championship. It took place from 11 to 19 August 2023 in Rotterdam, Netherlands.

The tournament was part of the first edition of the European Para Championships, a quadrennial multi-sport event that takes place each pre-Paralympic year.
The finalists of this tournament qualified for the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris.

Wheelchair basketball at the 2024 Summer Paralympics
Wheelchair basketball at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris, France was hosted between 29 August to 8 September 2024. It featured men's and women's tournaments. There was a reduced number of teams participating; eight teams in each tournament, four fewer men's teams and two fewer women's teams than in the previous Games.
Greg Ours
Gregory William Ours (born October 29, 1963) is an American former professional football player who was a guard for three games with the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League (NFL) in the 1987. Ours also spent time with both the Orlando Renegades of the United States Football League and the New England Patriots. He played college football for the Muskingum Fighting Muskies.

Orlando Renegades
The Orlando Renegades were a professional American football team that played in Orlando, Florida, in the United States Football League (USFL) for a single season in 1985. Before its season in Orlando, the franchise played in Washington, D.C., as the Washington Federals for two seasons, in 1983 and 1984.

The franchise was the worst in the USFL in terms of both game play – a combined record of 7 wins and 29 losses, and attendance during its two seasons in Washington, prompting the move to Orlando. In Orlando, attendance was better and the team's performance on the field began to improve over the course of the season despite a 5–13 record, but the USFL folded before the team could play a second season in Orlando.
David J. Sanders
David James Sanders (born January 21, 1975) is a former member of the Arkansas State Senate for District 15, which encompasses Conway County and parts of Faulkner, Perry, Pulaski, and Van Buren counties. From 2011 to 2013, he served a term in the Arkansas House of Representatives for Pulaski County.

Perry County, Arkansas
Perry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. Its population was 10,019 at the 2020 United States census. The county seat is Perryville. The county was formed on December 18, 1840, and named for Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry, naval hero in the War of 1812. It is an alcohol prohibition or dry county.

Perry County is included in the Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway metropolitan area.
1963 England rugby union tour of Australasia
The 1963 England rugby union tour of Australasia was the first overseas tour by the England national rugby union team.

Scotland, Ireland and France had preceded England in embarking on short tours to the Southern Hemisphere, and the RFU can be criticised for not having understood that an itinerary of six hard matches including three Test matches in a mere 18 days is somewhat severe, especially when 2 Test matches, against different countries, fall within 4 days at the end of the trip.

Test match (rugby union)
A test match in rugby union is an international match, usually played between two senior national teams, that is recognised as such by at least one of the teams' national governing bodies.

Some teams do not represent a single country but their international games are still considered test matches (for example the British and Irish Lions). Likewise some countries award caps for games between their full national teams and some invitation teams such as the Barbarians.
Sam Glucksberg
Sam Glucksberg (February 6, 1933 – August 29, 2022) was a Canadian professor in the Psychology Department at Princeton University in New Jersey, known for his works on figurative language: metaphors, irony, sarcasm, and idioms. He is particularly known for manipulating the Candle Problem experiment which had participants figure out the best way to erect a candle on a wall. Along with performing experiments, Glucksberg also wrote Understanding Figurative Language: From Metaphors to Idioms, published by Oxford University Press in 2001.

Idiom
An idiom is a phrase or expression that largely or exclusively carries a figurative or non-literal meaning, rather than making any literal sense.  Categorized as formulaic language, an idiomatic expression's meaning is different from the literal meanings of each word inside it.

Idioms occur frequently in all languages. In English alone there are an estimated twenty-five thousand idiomatic expressions. Some well known idioms in English are "spill the beans" (meaning "reveal secret information"), "it's raining cats and dogs" (meaning "it's raining intensely"), and "break a leg" (meaning "good luck").
Tartarus Montes
The Tartarus Montes are a mountain range on the planet Mars, stretching over 1070 km and located around the coordinates 15.46º N, 167.54º E, between Orcus Patera and the Elysium volcanic region.

Albedo was first identified from the contrast of bright and dark signals photographed by Eugène Antoniadi.

Orcus Patera
Orcus Patera is a region on the surface of the planet Mars first photographed by Mariner 4. Of unknown formation, whether by volcanic, tectonic, or cratering causes, the region includes a depression about 380 kilometres (240 miles) long, 140 kilometres (87 miles) wide, surrounded by a rim up to 1.8 kilometres (1 mile) high.
Ferrocarriles Argentinos
Ferrocarriles Argentinos (abbreviated as FA; lit. 'Argentine Railways') was a state-owned company that managed the entire Argentine railway system for nearly 45 years. It was formed in 1948 when all the private railway companies were nationalised during Juan Perón's first presidential term, and transformed into the Empresa de Ferrocarriles del Estado Argentino (EFEA; lit. 'Argentine State Railways Company').

FA managed both passenger and freight services, including long-distance and commuter rail trains in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires.

The company was broken up under the government of Carlos Menem following the privatisation of the railways; however in 2015 the government of Cristina Kirchner revived the brand for use on state-owned railways.

President of Argentina
The president of Argentina, officially known as the president of the Argentine Nation, is both head of state and head of government of Argentina. Under the national constitution, the president is also the chief executive of the federal government and commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

Throughout Argentine history, the office of head of state has undergone many changes, both in its title as in its features and powers. The current president Javier Milei was sworn into office on 10 December 2023. He succeeded Alberto Fernández.

The constitution of Argentina, along with several constitutional amendments, establishes the requirements, powers, and responsibilities of the president, the term of office and the method of election.
Loop (statement)
In computer programming, a loop is a control flow statement that allows code to be executed repeatedly, usually with minor alterations between repetitions. Loops can be used to perform a repeated action on all items in a collection, or to implement a long lived program.

Immutable object
In object-oriented (OO) and functional programming, an immutable object (unchangeable object) is an object whose state cannot be modified after it is created. This is in contrast to a mutable object (changeable object), which can be modified after it is created. In some cases, an object is considered immutable even if some internally used attributes change, but the object's state appears unchanging from an external point of view. For example, an object that uses memoization to cache the results of expensive computations could still be considered an immutable object.

Strings and other concrete objects are typically expressed as immutable objects to improve readability and runtime efficiency in object-oriented programming. Immutable objects are also useful because they are inherently thread-safe. Other benefits are that they are simpler to understand and reason about and offer higher security than mutable objects.
Cheilochromis
Cheilochromis is a genus of freshwater fish in the cichlid family. It contains the sole species Cheilochromis euchilus, the Malawi thicklip, which is endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa where it prefers near-shore areas with rocky bottoms.  This species reaches a length of 35 centimetres (14 in) TL.  It can also be found in the aquarium trade.

The specific epithet euchilus refers to lips being divided into median lobes.

Lake Malawi
Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa in Tanzania and Lago Niassa in Mozambique, (Swahili: Ziwa Nyasa) is an African Great Lake and the southernmost lake in the East African Rift system, located between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania.

It is the fourth largest freshwater lake in the world by volume, the ninth largest lake in the world by area and the third largest and second deepest lake in Africa. Lake Malawi is home to more species of fish than any other lake in the world, including at least 700 species of cichlids. The Mozambique portion of the lake was officially declared a reserve by the Government of Mozambique on June 10, 2011, while in Malawi a portion of the lake is included in Lake Malawi National Park.

Lake Malawi is a meromictic lake, meaning that its water layers do not mix. The permanent stratification of Lake Malawi's water and the oxic-anoxic boundary are maintained by moderately small chemical and thermal gradients.
Skid Row (Skid Row album)
Skid Row is the debut studio album by American heavy metal band Skid Row, released on January 24, 1989, by Atlantic Records. After signing with manager Doc McGhee, Skid Row signed with Atlantic and began recording its debut. The album was recorded in Lake Geneva, Wisconsin, with producer Michael Wagener, and received mixed reviews upon its release. The band toured behind the album mainly as an opening act, supporting Bon Jovi and Aerosmith in 1989–1990. The album peaked at number six on the Billboard 200 and was certified 5× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 1995 for shipping five million copies in the United States. It generated four singles: "Youth Gone Wild", "18 and Life", "I Remember You" and "Piece of Me", all of which were accompanied by music videos and received heavy rotation on MTV. The album's commercial and critical success made Skid Row a regular feature in rock magazines and brought the group nationwide popularity.

Mark Weiss
Mark Weiss is an American rock music photographer. His most widely recognized photographs capture the look and aesthetic of music and celebrity personalities of the 1980s. His work with publications such as Circus magazine and FACES helped establish Mark "Weissguy" Weiss as a name known for rock photography. He has photographed a wide range of acts including Ozzy Osbourne, Bon Jovi, the Rolling Stones, Kiss, Madonna and Wu Tang Clan.
Snowdown
Snowdown is a hamlet near Dover in Kent, England. It was the location of one of the four chief collieries of the Kent coalfield, which closed in 1987.

The population of the hamlet is included in the civil parish of Aylesham, Kent. As a result, Snowdown is served by Aylesham Parish Council. The District Authority is Dover District Council and the County Authority is Kent County Council. There are roughly 54 houses in Snowdown.

Kent County Council
Kent County Council (KCC) is a county council that governs the non-metropolitan county of Kent in England. The non-metropolitan county is smaller than the ceremonial county, which additionally includes the unitary authority of Medway. Kent County Council is the upper tier of elected local government, below which are 12 district councils, and around 300 town and parish councils. The county council has 81 elected councillors. It is one of the largest local authorities in England in terms of population served and the largest local authority of its type. The council is based at County Hall in Maidstone. It had been under Conservative majority control from 1997 to 2025 when Reform UK took control.
Biswal
Biswal (Odia: ବିଶ୍ୱାଳ) is an Odia surname. People of various castes like Khandayats, Gopals, Chasas use this surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Nisha Desai Biswal (born 1968), American diplomat

Anuradha Biswal (born 1975), Indian athlete

Chiranjib Biswal, Indian politician

Ranjib Biswal (born 1970), Indian cricketer

Gopal (caste)
Gopal or Gouda is an Indian caste, from Odisha State in East India. Their traditional occupations include dairy farming, cattle herding, cultivation and carrying palanquins of deities. They also worked as Paikas (soldiers) under the kings. Gopal is the name of the milkmen or herdsmen caste in Odisha, which is known by other names (such as Ahir, Yadav, Goala etc.) in various parts of India.

According to the 1931 census of India, they are the second largest caste by numbers and comprise around 9% of Odisha's population.