hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pentenoic acid
Pentenoic acid is any of five mono-carboxylic acids whose molecule has an unbranched chain of five carbons connected by three single bonds and one double bond. That is, any compound with one of the formulas HO(O=)C−CH=CH−CH2−CH3 (2-pentenoic), HO(O=)C−CH2−CH=CH−CH3 (3-pentenoic), or HO(O=)C−CH2−CH2−CH=CH2 (4-pentenoic).  In the IUPAC-recommended nomenclature, these acids are called pent-2-enoic, pent-3-enoic, and pent-4-enoic, respectively.  All these compounds have the empirical formula C5H8O2.

Pentenoic acids are technically mono-unsaturated fatty acids, although they are rare or unknown in biological lipids (fats, waxes, phospholipids, etc.).  A salt or ester of such an acid is called a pentenoate.

Unsaturated fat
An unsaturated fat is a fat or fatty acid in which there is at least one double bond within the fatty acid chain, which makes the fatty acid chain, which is basically a chain of hydrocarbons, an alkene. A fatty acid chain is monounsaturated if it contains one double bond, and polyunsaturated if it contains more than one double bond.

A saturated fat has no carbon-to-carbon double bonds, so the maximum possible number of hydrogen is bonded to carbon, and thus, is considered to be "saturated" with hydrogen atoms. To form carbon-to-carbon double bonds, hydrogen atoms are removed from the carbon chain. In cellular metabolism, unsaturated fat molecules contain less energy (i.e., fewer calories) than an equivalent amount of saturated fat. The greater the degree of unsaturation in a fatty acid (i.e., the more double bonds in the fatty acid) the more susceptible it becomes to lipid peroxidation (rancidity). Antioxidants can protect unsaturated fat from lipid peroxidation.
Topraisar
Topraisar (Romanian pronunciation: [tropajˈsar]) is a commune in the Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania.

The commune includes four villages:

Topraisar (historical name: Crimean Tatar: Topraysar)

Biruința (historical name: Crimean Tatar: Muratan, probably rounded out phonetically from Murat Han)

Movilița (historical name: Crimean Tatar: Musurat, probably rounded out phonetically from Musavvirat; for short periods in the 20th century it has also been named Regele Mihai and Filimon Sîrbu (1948-1964) )

Potârnichea (historical name: Crimean Tatar: Abdullahköy)

Topraisar and the surrounding areas were the site of fierce fighting in 1916 during two battles of the World War I: the First and Second Battle of Cobadin.

Second Battle of Cobadin
The Second Battle of Cobadin took place from 19 to 25 October 1916 between the Central Powers, chiefly the Bulgarian Third Army, and the Entente, represented by the Russo–Romanian Dobruja Army. The battle ended in a decisive victory for the Central Powers; it resulted in the occupation of the strategic port of Constanța and the capture of the railway between that city and Cernavodă.
Patrick McMillan
Patrick McMillan (born 1991) is an Irish alpine ski racer.

McMillan was born in Letterkenny, moved to County Clare at five and began attending boarding school in Dublin at 12 years old. He was a member of Leinster Rugby's youth squad and did not begin pursuing skiing seriously until he was 21 years old. In 2012, McMillan relocated to the Austrian Alps to train full-time.
Pat is also an official member of House Slytherin.
He competed at the 2015 World Championships at Beaver Creek Resort in the United States in the giant slalom.

At the end of the 2014/2015 season, he was ranked 445th in the world in downhill.

McMillan made his Olympic debut at the 2018 Winter Olympics and became the second Irishman to ever compete in downhill skiing
at the Olympics; Patrick-Paul Schwarzacher-Joyce competed in 1998 and 2002.

County Clare
County Clare (Irish: Contae an Chláir) is a county in the province of Munster in the  Southern part of Ireland, bordered on the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Clare County Council is the local authority. The county had a population of 127,938 at the 2022 census. The county seat and largest settlement is Ennis.
Oregon's 50th House district
District 50 of the Oregon House of Representatives is one of 60 House legislative districts in the state of Oregon. As of 2021, the district is contained entirely within Multnomah County and includes most of Gresham south of Stark Street as well as a small portion of east Portland in the Centennial neighborhood. The current representative for the district is Democrat Ricki Ruiz of Gresham.

East Portland, Oregon
East Portland was a city in the U.S. state of Oregon that was consolidated into Portland in 1891. In modern usage, the term generally refers to the portion of present-day Portland that lies east of 82nd Avenue, most of which the City of Portland annexed in the 1980s and 1990s.
Armando Borgioli
Armando Borgioli (19 March 1898 in Florence – 20 January 1945 in Milan-Modena train  near Codogno) was an Italian operatic baritone. He made his début in 1923, and appeared at Teatro alla Scala from 1927. In four seasons from 1931 he appeared at the Metropolitan Opera in New York. Borgioli made studio recordings of Aida in 1928, where he sang opposite Giannina Arangi-Lombardi, and, in 1938, as Scarpia in Tosca with Maria Caniglia and Beniamino Gigli. Borgioli died when his car was bombed while driving to Parma to sing Marcello to Renata Tebaldi's first Mimi in La boheme. Also in the car was another baritone  who was injured, yet replaced him in the role with a bandaged nose.

Renata Tebaldi
Renata Tebaldi OMRI (US: /təˈbɑːldi/ tə-BAHL-dee, Italian: [reˈnaːta teˈbaldi]; 1 February 1922 – 19 December 2004) was an Italian lirico-spinto soprano popular in the post-war period, and especially prominent as one of the stars of La Scala, San Carlo and, especially, the Metropolitan Opera. Often considered among the great opera singers of the 20th century, she focused primarily on the verismo roles of the lyric and dramatic repertoires. Italian conductor Arturo Toscanini called her voice la voce d'angelo ("the voice of an angel"), and La Scala music director Riccardo Muti called her "one of the greatest performers with one of the most extraordinary voices in the field of opera."
Larry Kelley
Lawrence Morgan Kelley (May 30, 1915 – June 27, 2000) was an American football end who played for the Yale Bulldogs football program from 1934 to 1936. He was the captain of the 1936 Yale Bulldogs football team that compiled a 7–1 record and was ranked No. 12 in the final AP Poll. He was selected as a unanimous first-team All-American and won the Heisman Trophy as the best player in college football.

Kelley rejected offers to play professional football, baseball, and basketball and instead became a high school teacher and coach. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1969. In 1999, he sold his Heisman Trophy at auction for $328,110. He died by suicide six months later at the age of 85.

End (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles.  Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes.  There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end.

It is also used in terminology such as an end run.
Darwen (UK Parliament constituency)
Darwen was a county constituency in Lancashire, centred on the town of Darwen. It returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1885 until it was abolished for the 1983 general election.

During the 1920s, the constituency was a fiercely contested marginal between the Liberal and Conservative Parties, with the sitting MP defeated at each election. At the 1924 general election, it saw a 92.7% turnout, a record for an English constituency. Following the defeat of Liberal leader Sir Herbert Samuel in 1935, the seat became a safe Conservative seat for the remainder of its existence.

It was largely replaced by the new Rossendale & Darwen constituency.

1885 United Kingdom general election
The 1885 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 November to 18 December 1885. The first general election after an extension of the franchise and redistribution of seats, it saw the Liberals lose their majority.

The election saw the Liberals, led by William Gladstone, win the most seats, but not an overall majority, so a minority government was necessary. The Irish Nationalists held the balance of power between the Liberals and the Conservatives who sat with a large number of allied Unionist MPs (their name referred to their support for the Union of Great Britain and Ireland). The pressure of minority government status exacerbated divisions within the Liberals over Irish Home Rule. This led to a Liberal split that caused another general election the following year.

The 1885 election saw the first socialist party participate, with the Social Democratic Federation led by H. M. Hyndman standing three candidates. None were elected.
Widener University Commonwealth Law School
Widener University Commonwealth Law School (Widener Law Commonwealth) is a law school located in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and part of Widener University, a private university in Chester, Pennsylvania. It is one of two separate ABA-accredited law schools of the university. It was founded in 1989 as an expansion of Widener University's law school in Wilmington. It awards the Juris Doctor degree in its full-time and part-time programs and is a member of the Association of American Law Schools (AALS).

Pennsylvania State Senate
The Pennsylvania State Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Pennsylvania General Assembly, the Pennsylvania state legislature. Senators are elected for four-year terms, staggered every two years, such that half of the seats are contested at each election. Even- and odd-numbered district seats are contested in separate election years. The State Senate meets in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg, and has been meeting since 1791.

The president of the Senate is the lieutenant governor, who has no vote except to break a tie. The president pro tempore becomes the lieutenant governor in the event of the sitting lieutenant governor's removal, resignation or death. In this case the president pro tempore and lieutenant governor would be the same person.
Tortilla chips
A tortilla chip is a snack food made from corn tortilla, which are cut into triangles and then fried or baked (alternatively they may be discs pressed out of corn masa then fried or baked). Corn tortillas are made of nixtamalized corn, vegetable oil, salt and water. Although first mass-produced commercially in the U.S. in Los Angeles in the late 1940s, tortilla chips grew out of Mexican cuisine, where similar items were well known, such as totopos and tostadas.

Though usually made of yellow corn, they can also be made of white, blue, or red corn. Tortilla chips intended to be dipped are typically only lightly salted, while others may be seasoned with a variety of flavors. Tortilla chips may be served as a garnish for soups or dishes such as chili con carne.

Garnish (cooking)
A garnish is an item or substance used as a decoration or embellishment accompanying a prepared food dish or drink. In many cases, it may give added or contrasting flavor.  Some garnishes are selected mainly to augment the visual impact of the plate, while others are selected specifically for the flavor they may impart. This is in contrast to a condiment, a prepared sauce added to another food item primarily for its flavor. A food item which is served with garnish may be described as being garni, the French term for "garnished."

The difference between garnish and decoration, is garnish is edible.  For example, plastic grass for sushi presentation is considered a decoration, not a garnish.
Hiroshi Saitō (governor)
Hiroshi Saitō (斎藤 弘, Saitō Hiroshi, born October 18, 1957) is a Japanese politician who served as the governor of Yamagata Prefecture.

Saitō was born in Yamagata. After graduating from Tokyo University of Foreign Studies in 1981, he worked at the Bank of Japan. He received Master of International Public Policy and Master of Arts degrees from the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at the Johns Hopkins University in 1989 and 1990, respectively.

He was elected as governor of Yamagata in 2005, and then defeated for reelection in an upset by Mieko Yoshimura.

Yamagata Prefecture
Yamagata Prefecture (山形県, Yamagata-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. It has a population of 1,005,926 (1 February 2025) and an area of 9,325 km2 (3,600 sq mi). Its neighbours are Akita Prefecture to the north, Miyagi Prefecture to the east, Fukushima Prefecture to the south, and Niigata Prefecture to the southwest.

The capital and largest city is Yamagata, with other major cities being Tsuruoka, Sakata and Yonezawa. The prefecture is located on Japan's western Sea of Japan coast and its borders with neighboring prefectures are formed by various mountain ranges, with 17% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Yamagata Prefecture formed the southern half of the historic Dewa Province with Akita Prefecture and is home to the Three Mountains of Dewa, which includes the Haguro Five-story Pagoda, a recognised National Treasure of Japan.
Beside Myself (Basement album)
Beside Myself is the fourth studio album by English alternative rock band Basement. It was released on 12 October 2018 and is their first and only album to be released by Fueled by Ramen. The album was co-produced by Colin Brittain and the band themselves, engineered by Alex Prieto, and was mixed by Rich Costey.

Fueled by Ramen
Fueled by Ramen, LLC (Fueled by Ramen, Inc. until 2005) is an American record label owned by Warner Music Group and distributed by Atlantic Music Group. The label, founded in Gainesville, Florida, in 1996, is now based in New York City.
2005 Women's European Amateur Boxing Championships
The 4th Women's European Amateur Boxing Championships were held in Tønsberg, Norway from May 8 to 15, 2005.
This edition of the recurring competition was organised by the European governing body for amateur boxing, EABA.
Competitions took place in 13 weight classes.

Russia topped the medals table, as they had done in the three previous editions of these championships.
Cecilia Brækhus of Norway was voted best boxer of the tournament.

European Amateur Boxing Championships
The European Amateur Boxing Championships is the highest competition for boxing amateurs in Europe, organised by the continent's governing body EUBC, which stands for the European Boxing Confederation. The first edition of the tournament took place in 1924, although the first 'competitive' championships were hosted by the city of Stockholm (Sweden) in 1925.
Kurlovo (town), Vladimir Oblast
Kurlovo (Russian: Курлово) is a town in Gus-Khrustalny District of Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located 80 kilometers (50 mi) south of Vladimir, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:6,309 (2021 census); 6,764 (2010 census); 7,433 (2002 census).

Vladimir, Russia
Vladimir (Russian: Влади́мир, IPA: [vlɐ'dʲimʲɪr] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative center of Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Klyazma River, 200 kilometers (120 mi) east of Moscow. It is served by a railway and the M7 highway. Its population is 349,951 (2021 census).
Secret Story 2 (Portuguese season)
Secret Story - Casa dos Segredos 2 is the second season of the Portuguese version of the reality show Secret Story, based on the original French version of Secret Story, which itself is based on the international format, Big Brother. The series started on 18 September and finished on 31 December, lasting 105 days. It was broadcast on TVI and produced by Endemol Portugal. The series was the last time that the finale took place in Campo Pequeno, Lisbon.

Secret Story (Portuguese TV series)
Secret Story – Casa dos Segredos (occasionally be referred as Casa dos Segredos) is a Portuguese reality competition television show based on the original French series Secret Story, and part of the franchise of the same name. The first episode was broadcast on 3 October 2010 on TVI.

Like the original French version, although Secret Story is not a direct adaptation of the Big Brother franchise's format, created by producer John de Mol Jr. in 1997, the show has a similar concept while including his own game mechanics, and is also produced and owned by Big Brother's production company Endemol Shine Group/Banijay. The housemates are cut off from the outside world for ten to fifteen weeks in a house called "house of secrets", where every room is fitted with cameras, except the restroom. They have to keep a secret while trying to discover the other housemates' one.
French submarine Watt
Watt (Q75) was one of 18 Pluviôse-class submarines built for the French Navy (Marine Nationale) in the first decade of the 20th century. Commissioned in 1910, she served during World War I and was stricken in 1919.

Port and starboard
Port and starboard are nautical terms for watercraft and spacecraft, referring respectively to the left and right sides of the vessel, when aboard and facing the bow (front).

Vessels with bilateral symmetry have left and right halves which are mirror images of each other. One asymmetric feature is where access to a boat, ship, or aircraft is at the side; it is usually only on the port side (hence the name).
Meckel's diverticulum
A Meckel's diverticulum, a true congenital diverticulum, is a slight bulge in the small intestine present at birth and a vestigial remnant of the vitelline duct. It is the most common malformation of the gastrointestinal tract and is present in approximately 2% of the population, with males more frequently experiencing symptoms.

Meckel's diverticulum was first explained by Fabricius Hildanus in the sixteenth century and later named after Johann Friedrich Meckel, who described the embryological origin of this type of diverticulum in 1809.

Ileocecal valve
The ileocecal valve is a sphincter muscle valve that separates the small intestine and the large intestine. Its critical function is to limit the reflux of colonic contents into the ileum. Approximately two liters of fluid enters the colon daily through the ileocecal valve.
V3 Gaming PC
Morphosis Inc., doing business as V3 Gaming PC was a manufacturer of custom-built personal computers headquartered in Lomita, California.  The company, founded in 2010 by industry veterans, touted compatibility with 3D gaming technologies such as Nvidia 3D Vision as a selling point for its products. V3 Gaming PC computers were specifically designed for the gaming and enthusiast markets, and offered different levels of performance for different usage environments and price segments. V3 offered several different models of desktop computers ranging from full-tower systems to small form factor mini-PCs, all of which are liquid-cooled. The company also had a range of laptop computers with high-end gaming hardware and full HD displays.

In line with their 3D gaming persuasion, V3 was a launch partner for Nvidia 3D Vision Technology under the 3D PC initiative.

Morphosis, Inc. dissolved in 2016.

Nvidia 3D Vision
Nvidia 3D Vision (previously GeForce 3D Vision) is a discontinued stereoscopic gaming kit from Nvidia which consists of LC shutter glasses and driver software which enables stereoscopic vision for any Direct3D game, with various degrees of compatibility. There have been many examples of shutter glasses. Electrically controlled mechanical shutter glasses date back to the middle of the 20th century. LCD shutter glasses appeared in the 1980s, one example of which is Sega's SegaScope. This was available for Sega's game console, the Master System. The NVIDIA 3D Vision gaming kit introduced in 2008 made this technology available for mainstream consumers and PC gamers.

The kit is specially designed for 120 Hz LCD monitors, but is also compatible with CRT monitors (some of which may work at 1024×768×120 Hz and even higher refresh rates), DLP-projectors, 3LCD projectors and others. It requires a compatible graphics card from Nvidia (GeForce 200 series or later).
Lampronia luzella
Lampronia luzella is a moth of the family Prodoxidae. It is found in Ireland, Great Britain, the Benelux, France, central Europe, Italy, Fennoscandia, the Baltic region, Russia, Poland, the Czech Republic and Romania.

The wingspan is about 12 mm. The head is fuscous. Forewings dark purple-fuscous; a sometimes interrupted fascia about 1/4, a subquadrate costal spot beyond middle, and a larger triangular dorsal spot before tornus yellow; tips of apical cilia whitish.
Hindwings dark fuscous. Adults are on wing from May to July and fly in afternoon sunshine.

The larvae probably feed on Rubus species.

Rubus
Rubus is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, most commonly known as brambles. Fruits of various species are known as raspberries, blackberries, dewberries, and bristleberries. It is a diverse genus, with the estimated number of Rubus species varying from 250 to over 1000, found across all continents except Antarctica.

Most of these plants have woody stems with prickles like roses; spines, bristles, and gland-tipped hairs are also common in the genus. The Rubus fruit, sometimes called a bramble fruit, is an aggregate of drupelets. The term cane fruit or cane berry applies to any Rubus species or hybrid which is commonly grown with supports such as wires or canes, including raspberries, blackberries, and hybrids such as loganberry, boysenberry, marionberry and tayberry. The stems of such plants are also referred to as canes.
Resia gens
The gens Resia was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  The Resii traced their ancestry to Fertor Resius, King of the Aequicoli, in the time of the Roman monarchy.  However, few members of this gens are mentioned in history.

Roman Kingdom
The Roman Kingdom, also known as the Roman monarchy and the regal period of ancient Rome, was the earliest period of Roman history, when the city and its territory were ruled by kings. According to tradition, the Roman Kingdom began with the city's founding c. 753 BC, with settlements around the Palatine Hill along the river Tiber in central Italy, and ended with the overthrow of the kings and the establishment of the Republic c. 509 BC.

Little is certain about the kingdom's history as no records and few inscriptions from the time of the kings have survived. The accounts of this period written during the Republic and the Empire are thought largely to be based on oral tradition.
Nabillera
Nabillera (Korean: 나빌레라; RR: Nabillera) is the eighth extended play (EP) by South Korean singer-songwriter and rapper Hyuna. It was released on July 20, 2022, through P Nation and distributed by Kakao Entertainment. The EP consists of five tracks, including the title track of the same name. The EP serves as Hyuna's last solo release under P Nation following her departure from the company in August 2022.

P Nation
P Nation (Korean: 피네이션) is a South Korean entertainment company. The company operates as a record label, entertainment agency, and concert production company founded in 2018 by singer Psy. As of February 2026, the label had eight artists signed to the label. The record label is located in the Gangnam area.