hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Environmental impact of bitcoin
The environmental impact of bitcoin has been characterized in the literature as significant, particularly due to its energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and electronic waste. Bitcoin mining, the process by which bitcoins are created and transactions are finalized, is energy-consuming and results in carbon emissions, as 48% of the electricity used in 2025 was generated through fossil fuels while 52% was generated through sustainable energy sources. Moreover, bitcoins are mined on specialized computer hardware resulting in electronic waste. Scholars argue that bitcoin mining could support renewable energy development by utilizing surplus electricity from wind and solar. As of 2025, several empirical studies report an association between higher bitcoin-mining electricity use and worse environmental-sustainability indicators. Bitcoin's environmental impact has attracted the attention of regulators, leading to incentives or restrictions in various jurisdictions.

Scientific Reports
Scientific Reports is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific mega journal published by Nature Portfolio, covering all areas of the natural sciences. The journal was established in 2011. The journal states that their aim is to assess solely the scientific validity of a submitted paper, rather than its perceived importance, significance, or impact.

In September 2016, the journal became the largest in the world by number of articles, overtaking PLOS One.
Ochrosia
Ochrosia is a genus of flowering plants, first described in 1789. It belongs to the family Apocynaceae, and is native to Southeast Asia, Australia, and various islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Rauvolfia sandwicensis
Rauvolfia sandwicensis, the devil's-pepper, also known as hao in the Hawaiian language, is a species of flowering plant in the milkweed family, Apocynaceae, that is endemic to Hawaii.  It is a shrub, a small tree reaching 6 m (20 ft) in height, or, rarely, a medium-sized tree up to 12 m (39 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of 0.3 m (0.98 ft). Hao inhabits coastal mesic and mixed mesic forests at elevations of 100–500 m (330–1,640 ft).
Resuscitation (album)
Resuscitation is a 2001 album released by American electronic music duo ADULT.  Before this release, ADULT.'s output had consisted of various EPs and 12 inch singles released independently; this is actually a compilation album of many of their earlier singles.  A bulk of the songs are presented on Resuscitation in remixed or re-recorded forms.

ADULT.'s members, Adam Lee Miller (music) and Nicola Kuperus (vocals and music) distributed the album on their own label, Ersatz Audio.  Kuperus, a visual artist, is also responsible for the album's cover art photography.

Ersatz Audio
Ersatz Audio is an independent record label based in Detroit, Michigan, specializing in electropunk.

The label was started, and continues to be run by, Adam Lee Miller and Nicola Kuperus, who founded the label in part to release records for their own band, Adult.  Also on Ersatz Audio are the artists Magas, Tamion 12 Inch, and Blind Leads Nakid, all with a similar sound and concept to Adult.  Ersatz Audio also released the compilation album Auto-Biography of Adam Lee's Miller's band Le Car with Ian Clark.
Mitchells Stores
The Mitchells Stores is an American  family business in the luxury clothing industry. The company began in 1958 as a tiny mom-and-pop operation with just three men's suit styles priced at $65 each. Its ten stores now carry   Brunello Cucinelli, Isaia, Kiton, Khaite, Loewe, Zegna and other high-end women's and men's brands.
Bob and Russ Mitchell both serve as co-CEO.

The Mitchell family owns and operates Mitchells, Richards, Wilkes Bashford, Marios, and Stanley Korshak.

Loewe (fashion brand)
Loewe S.A. (/loʊˈɛveɪ/ loh-EV-ay, Spanish: [loˈeβe], German: [ˈløːvə] ⓘ; stylized as LOEWE) is a Spanish luxury fashion house specialising in leather goods, clothing, perfumes and other fashion accessories. Founded in 1846 in Madrid, Loewe has been part of the conglomerate LVMH since 1996; it continues to be LVMH’s oldest luxury fashion house.

The company was established in Madrid in 1846 by fashion designer Enrique Loewe. By the early 20th Century, many notable people took great interest in Loewe and Queen Victoria Eugenie became a regular customer. In 1905, Alfonso XIII granted them the Royal Warrant of Appointment and thus Loewe became Purveyor of the Royal Household of Spain. The company quickly grew in popularity and was promoted by figures such as Ernest Hemingway, Ava Gardner, Rita Hayworth, Marlene Dietrich and Sophia Loren amongst others.
Paul Thoms
Paul Slade Thoms (February 19, 1932 – July 4, 2012) was a land surveyor and politician in Newfoundland. He represented Bonavista North from 1971 to 1975 in the Newfoundland House of Assembly.

The son of James Ernest Thoms (a teacher and principal) and Gertrude Helen Bridger (a midwife who also worked with Dr. Grenfell), he was born in Garnish and was educated in Middle Brook. Thoms had seven siblings including Leslie Thoms, who was also part of the House of Assembly. Thoms married Elsie Barrow. He served in the Royal Canadian Air Force from 1949 to 1954. Thoms was president of the Gambo Red Cross. From 1967 to 1972, he owned and operated a farm in partnership with his brother Jim who, later worked as an NTV news reporter.

Thoms was ordained an Anglican deacon in 1991 and became a priest in 1992. He was also a member of the Orange Order in Newfoundland.

Canadian Red Cross
The Canadian Red Cross Society (French: La Société canadienne de la Croix-Rouge) is a Canadian humanitarian charitable organization, and one of 192 national Red Cross and Red Crescent societies.  The organization receives funding from both private donations and from Canadian government departments.

The Canadian Red Cross trains volunteers in emergency response, disaster response, and disaster assistance, and provides injury prevention services such as outdoor activities safety and first aid training. The society, through the international network of the Red Cross, helps the world's vulnerable populations, including victims of armed conflicts and communities destroyed by disasters. The Canadian Red Cross also handled the Canadian blood supply, until that responsibility was taken away from them in the aftermath of the tainted blood scandal.

The current Secretary General and Chief Executive Officer of the Canadian Red Cross is Conrad Sauvé.
The Meet Group
The Meet Group, Inc. (formerly MeetMe) owns several dating app networking services including MeetMe, hi5, LOVOO, Growlr, Skout, and Tagged. The company has offices in New Hope, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, San Francisco, Dresden, and Berlin.

Dating app
An online dating application, commonly known as a dating app, is an online dating service presented through a mobile phone application. These apps often take advantage of a smartphone's GPS location capabilities, always on-hand presence, and access to mobile wallets. These apps aim to speed up the online dating process of sifting through potential dating partners, chatting, flirting, and potentially meeting or becoming romantically involved.

Online dating apps are now mainstream in the United States. As of 2017, online dating (which included both apps and other online dating services) was the principal method by which new couples in the U.S. met. The percentage of couples meeting online is predicted to increase to 70% by 2040.
William Preston Snyder
William Preston Snyder (October 7, 1851 – June 18, 1920) was an American physician and politician who served as President Pro Tempore of the Pennsylvania Senate from 1899–1902 and Pennsylvania Auditor General from 1904–1907. He was a member of the Republican Party from Chester County. In 1908, Snyder was convicted in a graft scandal involving the furnishing of the Pennsylvania State Capitol and received a two-year prison sentence for conspiracy to defraud the state.

President pro tempore of the Pennsylvania Senate
The president pro tempore of the Pennsylvania Senate (also known more commonly as the "president pro-tem") is a constitutionally-created office in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The current president pro tempore is Republican Kim Ward.
Lieutenant (British Army and Royal Marines)
Lieutenant (UK: /lɛfˈtɛnənt/; Lt) is a junior officer rank in the British Army and Royal Marines. It ranks above second lieutenant and below captain and has a NATO ranking code of OF-1 and it is the senior subaltern rank. Unlike some armed forces which use first lieutenant, the British rank is simply lieutenant, with no ordinal attached. The rank is equivalent to that of a flying officer in the Royal Air Force (RAF). Although formerly considered senior to a Royal Navy (RN) sub-lieutenant, the British Army and Royal Navy ranks of lieutenant and sub-lieutenant are now considered to be of equivalent status. The Army rank of lieutenant has always been junior to the Navy's rank of lieutenant.

Flying officer
Flying officer (Fg Off or F/O) is a junior officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the UK Royal Air Force. The rank is used by air forces of many countries that have historical British influence.

Flying officer is one rank above pilot officer and one below flight lieutenant.

It is equivalent to the rank of sub-lieutenant in the navy and lieutenant in other services.

The equivalent rank in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force was "Section Officer" before this organisation adopted common ranks with male officers.
Forgione
Forgione is am Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alessio Forgione (born 1986), Italian writer

Bob Forgione (1929–1994), American comic book and comic strip artist

Carl Forgione (1944–1998), British actor

Francesco Forgione:
Francesco Forgione (Padre Pio, or Saint Pio of Pietrelcina; 1887–1968), Italian priest
Francesco Forgione (politician) (born 1960), Italian politician

Larry Forgione (born 1952), American chef

Marc Forgione (born 1978), American chef

Francesco Forgione (politician)
Francesco Forgione (born August 15, 1960, in Catanzaro, Italy), is a former member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies and the Communist Refoundation Party. He was chairman of the Antimafia Commission in 2006–2008.

Forgione served as the primary inspiration for the song 'Francesco' written in 2023, released in 2025 by singer-songwriter Bug Hunter, first featured on an episode of the podcast Jam Mechanics after given a prompt to write a song based on a random Wikipedia page chosen through WikiRoulette.
Beit Horon
Beit Horon (Hebrew: בית חורון) is a communal Israeli settlement in the West Bank. Bordering Route 443 between Modi'in and Jerusalem, the biblical pass of Beit Horon (Joshua 10:10), after which it is named, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Binyamin Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 1,496.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

Route 443 (Israel–Palestine)
Route 443 (Hebrew: כביש 443, מעלה בית חורון) is also known as Ma'ale Beit Horon (Bethoron Ascent), following the ancient east-west trade route connecting the Via Maris and the Way of the Patriarchs. It is the main highway connecting Tel Aviv and Gush Dan with Jerusalem via Modi'in. While technically listed as a regional road, it is, for the most part, a divided, four-lane highway which utilizes some grade separation and interchanges, as well as major at-grade intersections, and thus is not classified as a motorway, even though there is a short motorway section on its western end, connecting it to westbound Highway 1.
Helwa ya baladi
"Helwa ya baladi" (Egyptian Arabic: حلوة يا بلدي, IPA: [ˈħelwæ jæ ˈbælædi]; "Oh Sweet, My Homeland") is an Egyptian Arabic song by Dalida from 1979, enjoying great popularity in the Middle East and the Arab diaspora. The song is an homage to Egypt, Dalida's birthplace, and is considered representative of the nationalistic pride felt by many Egyptians.

Arab diaspora
Arab diaspora (Arabic: الشتات العربي, romanized: ash-shatāt al-ʿarabī) refers to the dispersion of Arabs who live outside of the Arab world. It can refer to descendants of the Arab emigrants who, voluntarily or forcibly, migrated from their native lands to non-Arab countries, primarily in the Americas, Europe, Southeast Asia, and West Africa.

Immigrants from Arab countries, such as Lebanon, Syria and Palestine, also form significant diasporas in other Arab states – see Palestinian refugees and refugees of the Syrian civil war.
Pararheinheimera tilapiae
Pararheinheimera tilapiae is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic and motile bacterium from the genus of Pararheinheimera which has been isolated from a pond which was cultivated with Tilapiine cichlid fish from Taiwan.

Tilapiine cichlid
The Tilapiini (occasionally Tilapini) are a tribe within the family Cichlidae commonly known as tilapiine cichlids. Formerly this tribe contained many other genera and species, including the economically important  Oreochromis and Sarotherodon, but a taxonomic review found that this grouping was paraphyletic and most were moved to Coelotilapini, Coptodonini, Heterotilapini, Oreochromini and Pelmatolapiini. Together, most species in these tribes are called "tilapias". In a more distant past, a number of other, more different genera like Steatocranus also were included in Tilapiini. With these as separate, Tilapiini now is a much more restricted tribe with only three genera and about half a dozen species from Central and Southern Africa.
HMS Port Napier
HMS Port Napier was a British motor ship that was designed and laid down as a civilian cargo ship but completed in 1940 as an auxiliary minelayer for the Royal Navy. An engine room fire caused an explosion that destroyed her in November 1940. Her remains in Loch Alsh in Scotland are now a recreational wreck diving site.

She was the third of four ships called Port Napier to be owned by Port Line. She was named after Napier Port on the North Island of New Zealand.

Minelayer
A minelayer is any warship, submarine, military aircraft or land vehicle deploying explosive mines. Since World War I the term "minelayer" refers specifically to a naval ship used for deploying naval mines. "Mine planting" was the term for installing controlled mines at predetermined positions in connection with coastal fortifications or harbor approaches that would be detonated by shore control when a ship was fixed as being within the mine's effective range.

An army's special-purpose combat engineering vehicles used to lay landmines are sometimes called "minelayers".
John Wilson (South Carolina politician, born 1773)
John Wilson (August 11, 1773 – August 13, 1828) was a U.S. Representative from South Carolina.

Born at Wilson's Ferry in the Province of South Carolina, Wilson attended the common schools.
He engaged in agricultural pursuits in Anderson County, near Golden Grove, South Carolina.
Also, he operated a public ferry across the Saluda River at what is now known as Pelzer.
He served as member of the State house of representatives from 1812 to 1817.

Wilson was elected to the Seventeenth, Eighteenth and Nineteenth Congresses (March 4, 1821 – March 3, 1827).

He was an unsuccessful candidate for re-election in 1826 to the Twentieth Congress.

He died at his home near Golden Grove, in Anderson County, South Carolina, August 13, 1828.
He was interred in the family cemetery on his plantation, which is now a part of the industrial city of Pelzer, South Carolina.

Province of South Carolina
The Province of South Carolina, originally known as Clarendon Province, was a province of the Kingdom of Great Britain that existed in North America from 1712 to 1776. It was one of the five Southern colonies and one of the Thirteen Colonies in America of the British Empire. The monarch of Great Britain was represented by the Governor of South Carolina, until the colonies declared independence on July 4, 1776.
Arsalan Budazhapov
Arsalan Budazhapov is a Russian-born Kyrgyzstani freestyle wrestler. He won one of the bronze medals in the men's 79 kg event at the 2022 World Wrestling Championships held in Belgrade, Serbia. He is also a two-time medalist, including gold, at the Asian Wrestling Championships.

2022 World Wrestling Championships
The 2022 World Wrestling Championships was the 17th edition of the World Wrestling Championships of combined events and was held between 10 and 18 September 2022 in Belgrade, Serbia.

The UWW Bureau approved the candidature of Belgrade, Serbia as the host of the 2023 Senior World Championships. However, due to the restrictions on Russia for hosting World Championships in 2021–2022, Belgrade replaced the former city of Krasnoyarsk as the World Championships host for 2022. In addition, Russian and Belarusian athletes have been banned from 2022 World Championships.
Hanson Carroll
Hanson Carroll (November 15, 1928 – November 23, 2013) was a professional photographer noted for his images of wildlife, outdoor sports, and rural New England life. His work appeared in publications such as Vermont Life, Ski, Life, and Sports Illustrated, and he authored several photo‑illustrated articles on farm life, hunting, fishing, and sailing. Himself an avid outdoorsman, he was an ardent participant in the activities he photographed and wrote about.

Vermont Life
Vermont Life was a quarterly regional magazine focusing on the Vermont lifestyle. It was published by the State of Vermont and was read by Vermont residents and those who live outside the state. The headquarters was in Montpelier. It was known for its scenic photography and articles about Vermont's food/agriculture, arts, outdoor recreation and entrepreneurs. In addition to the quarterly print publication, Vermont Life published two websites, produced a digital version of the magazine, a line of printed calendars, note-cards, and worked with other State of Vermont agencies and organizations on branding Vermont.
N'Djamena Amea Solar Power Station
The N'Djamena Amea Solar Power Station is a planned 120 MW (160,000 hp) solar power plant in Chad. This renewable energy infrastructure project will be developed by
Amea Power, an independent power producer (IPP), based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The solar farm will be built in phases.

Independent power producer
An independent power producer (IPP) or non-utility generator (NUG) is an entity that is not a public utility but owns facilities to generate electric power for sale to utilities and end users. NUGs may be privately held facilities, corporations, cooperatives such as rural solar or wind energy producers, and non-energy industrial concerns capable of feeding excess energy into the system.

An independent water and power producer (IWPP) is similar to an IPP, but with a unified process to also output usable treated water.
367943 Duende
367943 Duende (provisional designation 2012 DA14) is a micro-asteroid and a near-Earth object of the Aten and Atira group, approximately 30 meters (98 ft) in diameter. It was discovered by astronomers of the Astronomical Observatory of Mallorca at its robotic La Sagra Observatory in 2012, and named for the duende, a goblin-like creature from Iberian mythology and folklore. Duende is likely an uncommon L-type asteroid and significantly elongated. For an asteroid of its size, it has a relatively long rotation period of 9.485 hours.

On 15 February 2013, Duende passed at a record proximity of 27,700 km (17,200 mi) or 4.3 Earth radii from Earth's surface. Due to its close passage, its orbit was perturbed significantly enough that it changed from an Apollo asteroid to an Aten asteroid. Duende's passage also coincided with the completely unrelated Chelyabinsk meteor, which entered Earth's atmosphere above Russia just 16 hours earlier.

Air burst
An air burst or airburst is the detonation of an explosive device such as an anti-personnel artillery shell or a nuclear weapon in the air instead of on contact with the ground or target. The principal military advantage of an air burst over a ground burst is that the energy from the explosion, including any shell fragments, is distributed more evenly over a wider area; however, the peak energy is lower at ground zero.
Fuji Gotemba distillery
Fuji Gotemba distillery (Japanese: 富士御殿場蒸溜所, Hepburn: Fuji Gotenba jōryūsho; sometimes Fuji-Gotemba distillery) is a Japanese whisky distillery owned by the Kirin group.

The distillery is situated in the city of Gotemba (御殿場市, Gotenba-shi; sometimes Gotenba), on the southeastern flank of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture, Chūbu region, Japan.  It is 620 m (2,030 ft) above sea level, and its water source is Mount Fuji.  It was established in 1972 by Kirin Seagram Ltd, now the Kirin Distillery Company.

Gotemba was selected as the site for the distillery because it was felt to have the climate most similar to Scotland: the city is much cooler and less humid (especially in summer) than other areas of Japan, with an average annual temperature of around 13°C.

Cities of Japan
A city (市, shi) is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as towns (町, machi) and villages (村, mura), with the difference that they are not a component of districts (郡, gun). Like other contemporary administrative units, they are defined by the Local Autonomy Law of 1947.
Buena Vista, Alabama
Buena Vista is an unincorporated community in Monroe County, Alabama.  The village of Buena Vista is listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage.  Additionally, it has one other site listed, the 	Concord Baptist Church.

Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage
The Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage (ARLH), commonly referred to as the Alabama Register, is an official listing of buildings, sites, structures, objects, and districts deemed worthy of preservation in the U.S. state of Alabama. These properties, which may be of national, state, and local significance, are designated by the Alabama Historical Commission. The designation is honorary and carries no direct restrictions or incentives.  The register includes properties such as cemeteries, churches, moved properties, reconstructed properties, and properties at least 40 years old which may not normally qualify for listing in the National Register of Historic Places.  There are approximately 1,711 properties and districts listed on the Alabama Register.  Of these, approximately 243 are also listed on the National Register of Historic Places and 6 are designated as National Historic Landmarks.
Roads in Moldova
Currently, there are three defined types of public roads in the Republic of Moldova:

National road (Romanian: Drum național – pl. Drumuri naționale)

Local road (Romanian: Drum local – pl. Drumuri locale)

Street (Romanian: Stradă – pl. Străzi)

In total, Moldova has a total length of 10,680 kilometres (6,636 mi) of road. From those, 3,668 km (2,279 mi) are national roads and 7,012 km (4,357 mi) are local roads. The general maximum speed limit on public roads is 90 km/h (55 mph), while a speed limit of 50 km/h (30 mph) is imposed inside localities.

Its current road network is inherited from the former Soviet Union (the Moldavian SSR).

Edineț
Edineț (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈedinet͡s]) is a municipality in northern Moldova. It is the administrative center of the eponymous district. The town is located 201 km north of the national capital, Chișinău. It is located at 48°10′N 27°19′E﻿ / ﻿48.167°N 27.317°E﻿ / 48.167; 27.317. The town administers two suburban villages, Alexăndreni and Gordineștii Noi. The population at the 2004 census was 17,292 inhabitants, including 15,624 in the town itself.

To the north of the town is the commune Hlinaia (Glina-Mare); to the south, the town of Cupcini; to the east, the commune of Ruseni; and to the west, the suburb of Alexăndreni.