hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Christopher Stringer
Christopher Stringer (born 9 March 1965) is an industrial designer, formerly of Apple. During his 22 years at Apple (1995-2017), he contributed to the design of the PowerBook, iMac, iPod, iPhone, iPad, MacBook, Apple Watch, Apple Pencil, HomePod, USB-C. He currently holds over 1,400 patents, and was the key industrial design witness for Apple during the Apple vs. Samsung trial in 2012. In 2018 he founded audio brand Syng, where he is the Founder and Chief Design Officer.

MacBook
MacBook is a type of Mac laptop computer that is developed and marketed by Apple that use Apple's macOS operating system since 2006. The MacBook brand replaced the PowerBook and iBook brands during the Mac transition to Intel processors, announced in 2005. The current lineup consists of the MacBook Air (2008–present) and the MacBook Pro (2006–present). Two different lines simply named "MacBook" existed from 2006 to 2012 and 2015 to 2019. The MacBook brand was the "world's top-selling line of premium laptops" as of 2015.
Matt Bernstein (internet personality)
Matthew Bernstein (born October 16, 1998) is an American content creator, makeup artist, and activist. Bernstein became an internet celebrity because of his social media posts, which largely consist of infographics and photographs of makeup looks that comment on social and political issues, mainly those that affect the LGBTQ+ community. He hosts the podcast A Bit Fruity with Matt Bernstein.

Infographic
Infographics (a clipped compound of "information" and "graphics") are graphic visual representations of information, data, or knowledge intended to present information quickly and clearly.  They can improve cognition by using graphics to enhance the human visual system's ability to see patterns and trends.  Similar pursuits are information visualization, data visualization, statistical graphics, information design, or information architecture. Infographics have evolved in recent years to be for mass communication, and thus are designed with fewer assumptions about the readers' knowledge base than other types of visualizations. Isotypes are an early example of infographics conveying information quickly and easily to the masses.
Manohara River
Manahara River (Nepali: मनोहरा खोला) is a tributory river of Bagmati river  originating in northeast part of the Kathmandu Valley and merging with the Hanumante River, which finally joins the Bagamati river at Shankahmul. The flooding of the river affected the residents on multiple occasions.

The river stretches 28 km from northeast to southwest and covers 83 km2. It is narrow and straight upstream, becoming wider and meandering downstream. The northern and eastern catchments, made up of gneiss, granite, and other hard rocks, have fine drainage, high relief, and frequent drainage. In contrast, the western catchment, composed of soft fluvio-lacustrine deposits, has coarser drainage, lower relief, and less frequent drainage.

Bagmati River
The Bagmati River flows through the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal, separating the cities of Kathmandu and Patan, before flowing through Madesh Province of southern Nepal and joining the Kamla River in the Indian state of Bihar. It is considered holy by both Hindus and Buddhists. A number of Hindu temples are located on its banks.

The importance of the Bagmati also lies in the fact that Hindus are cremated on the banks of this holy river, and Kirants are buried in the hills by its side. According to the Nepalese Hindu tradition, the dead body must be dipped three times into the Bagmati before cremation, so that the reincarnation cycle may be ended. The chief mourner (usually the first son) who lights the funeral pyre must take a holy river-water bath immediately after cremation. Many relatives who join the funeral procession also take a bath in the river or sprinkle holy water on their bodies at the end of the cremation. It is believed that the Bagmati River purifies people spiritually.
ATM 2000E
The ATM 2000 (Pz Mi 88) and ATM 2000E are Austrian plastic cased anti-vehicle mines using Misznay Schardin effect warhead. The mine uses an electronic microprocessor controlled fuze with magnetic, seismic and pressure sensors allowing it to discriminate between targets. The mine can be laid by hand or by a mechanical mine laying system, and arms ten minutes after being laid. The mine is fitted with an anti-handling device, and can be command detonated.

When triggered, the mine detonates a small clearing charge, which clears away any earth laid on top of the mine. It then fires the main warhead, which uses a metal liner to form a penetrating fragment which is projected into the belly of the vehicle passing over the mine. The self-forging fragment is capable of penetrating steel up to 200 millimeters thick.

The mine is currently being produced by Dynamit Nobel Wien and is in service with the Austrian Army.

Austrian Armed Forces
The Austrian Armed Forces (Austrian German: Bundesheer, lit. 'Federal Army') are the combined military forces of Austria.

The military consists of 16,000 active-duty personnel and 125,600 reservists. The military budget is 1.0% of national GDP (including pensions) or €3.317 billion (2023, without pensions).
2013 Tobago House of Assembly election
A local election for 12 seats in the Tobago House of Assembly was held on 21 January 2013. The election was a clean sweep by the Tobago Council of the People's National Movement, winning all 12 seats in the Tobago House of Assembly, the only time this feat has ever been accomplished in elections in Trinidad and Tobago.

Electoral wipeout
An electoral wipeout occurs when a prominent or notably important main party wins no seat(s) in an election cycle; "wiped out" means no one secured victory, from that party, in the body that has conducted an election. It is the opposite for a loss at the rate of another party's "landslide victory"; the two descriptions are often used as journalistic reference to critique overall opinion or support for the defeated party given the districts which may be regarded as a usual traditional stronghold have also suffered abandonment in securing assumed victory.

A use of the phrase generally assumes that the returns were the product of a legitimate election; show elections to fraudulent legislatures regularly produce incredibly strong majorities for the ruling party (or parties).
2023 Detroit casino strike
On October 17, 2023, casino workers in Detroit began a strike against MGM Resorts International, operator of the MGM Grand Detroit, and Penn Entertainment, which runs the MotorCity Casino Hotel and Hollywood Casino at Greektown. Casino workers in Michigan's largest city, represented by the Detroit Casino Council (DCC), failed to reach a labor contract. The strike lasted 47 days for MGM and 34 for Penn Entertainment and ended after a contract was ratified between the DCC and both MGM and Penn.

Penn Entertainment
Penn Entertainment, Inc., formerly Penn National Gaming, is an American entertainment company and operator of integrated entertainment, sports content, and casino gambling. It operates 43 properties in 20 states, under brands including Hollywood Casino, Ameristar, and Boomtown. It also owns the Canadian digital media company Score Media and Gaming.

It also offers sports betting in 17 U.S. jurisdictions and online casino gaming in five, under the brand theScore Bet.
Noble Street Studios
Noble Street Studios is a recording studio located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The studio's clients have included Billy Talent, Three Days Grace, Danko Jones, Kanye West, The Tragically Hip, Barenaked Ladies, The Arkells, Feist, ASAP Rocky, Jarvis Church, Tyga, The Trews, Gavin Brown, Lenny DeRose, Alan Parsons, George Seara, Tori Hathaway, Michael Jack, Eric Ratz, Kenny Luong and The Weeknd.

The Trews
The Trews are a Canadian rock band from Antigonish, Nova Scotia, consisting of vocalist Colin MacDonald, guitarist John-Angus MacDonald, bassist Jack Syperek, and drummer Theo Mckibbon. The band is currently based in Hamilton, Ontario. From their formation in 1997 to 2016, The Trews were among the top 150 best-selling Canadian artists in Canada and among the top 40 best-selling Canadian bands in Canada.
Methodism (philosophy)
In the study of knowledge, methodism refers to the epistemological approach where one asks "How do we know?" before "What do we know?" The term appears in Roderick Chisholm's "The Problem of the Criterion", and in the work of his student, Ernest Sosa ("The Raft and the Pyramid: Coherence versus Foundations in the Theory of Knowledge").

Methodism is contrasted with particularism, which answers the latter question before the former.

Since the question "How do we know?" does not presuppose that we know, it is receptive to skepticism. In this way, Sosa claims, Hume no less than Descartes was an epistemological methodist.

Roderick Chisholm
Roderick Milton Chisholm (/ˈtʃɪzəm/ CHIZ-əm; November 27, 1916 – January 19, 1999) was an American philosopher known for his work on epistemology, metaphysics, free will, value theory, deontology, deontic logic and the philosophy of perception.

Richard and Fred Feldman, writing in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, remark that he "is widely regarded as one of the most creative, productive, and influential American philosophers of the 20th Century."
María Zonta
María Virginia Zonta (born 30 September 1989 in Santa Fe) is an Argentine beach volleyball player. In 2012, she played with Ana Gallay. They participated in the 2012 Summer Olympics tournament and lost their three pool matches.

Beach volleyball at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's beach volleyball tournament at the 2012 Olympic Games in London, United Kingdom, took place between July 28, 2012 and August 8, 2012 at Horse Guards Parade.

Twenty-four pairs of competitors were taking part, including one from Great Britain as the host country, and a maximum of two from each other nation. Sixteen qualified through positioning in the FIVB Beach Volleyball World Rankings as of 17 June 2012, five others earned their places at the 2010–12 Continental Beach Volleyball Cup, and the final three from the FIVB Beach Volleyball World Cup Olympic Qualification tournament.

By virtue of the two American pairings winning gold and silver, this marked the second time in Olympic history the top two women's teams were both from the same country, the first being Brazil back in 1996 when the event debuted.
Vedic science
Vedic science refers to a pseudoscientific system of knowledge based on the Vedas, a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India.

The rise of vedic science has been associated with Hindu nationalism in India.

Religious text
Religious texts, including scripture, are texts which various religions consider to be of central importance to their religious tradition. They often feature a compilation or discussion of beliefs, ritual practices, moral commandments and laws, ethical conduct, spiritual aspirations, and admonitions for fostering a religious community.

Within each religion, these texts are revered as authoritative sources of guidance, wisdom, and divine revelation. They are often regarded as sacred or holy, representing the core teachings and principles that their followers strive to uphold.
Weightlifting at the 2023 Pan American Games – Women's 59 kg
The women's 59 kg competition of the weightlifting events at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile, was held on 22 October at the Gimnasio Chimkowe.

Each lifter performed in both the snatch and clean and jerk lifts, with the final score being the sum of the lifter's best result in each. The athlete received three attempts in each of the two lifts; the score for the lift was the heaviest weight successfully lifted. This weightlifting event was limited to competitors with a maximum of 59 kilograms of body mass.

Snatch (weightlifting)
The snatch is the first of two lifts contested in the sport of weightlifting (also known as Olympic weightlifting) followed by the clean and jerk. The objective of the snatch is to lift the barbell from the ground to overhead in one continuous motion. There are four main styles of snatch used: snatch (full snatch or squat snatch), split snatch, power snatch, and muscle snatch.  The full lift is the most common style used in competition, while power snatches and muscle snatches are mostly used for training purposes, and split snatches are now rarely used. Any of these lifts can be performed from the floor, from the hang position, or from blocks. In competition, only lifts from the floor are allowed.
Emanuel Pohjaväre
Emanuel Pohjaväre (29 April 1875 – 31 December 1949; surname until 1906 Helin) was a Finnish politician, born in Teisko. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1907 to 1909 and from 1910 to 1917, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP). During the Finnish Civil War of 1918, he worked in the administration of the Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic. After the defeat of the Red side, he went into exile in Soviet Russia. He moved to Soviet Karelia, where he worked as a schoolteacher. He died in 1949 in Petrozavodsk, in the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic.

Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic
The Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic (Karelo-Finnish SSR), also called Karelo-Finland, Finno-Karelia and Soviet Karelia or simply known as Karelia, was a republic of the Soviet Union. It existed from 31 March 1940 until it was made part of the Russian SFSR on 16 July 1956 as the Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The latter became the Republic of Karelia, a federal subject of Russia, on 13 November 1991.
Marjan Faleel
.

Mohamed Faleel Marjan Asmi (born 10 June 1962) is a Sri Lankan politician and Member of Parliament.

Marjan Faleel was born on 10 June 1962. He is the son of M S M Faleel Hajiar, former western provincial council member and former chairman of the Beruwala Urban Council. Marjan Faleel also served as chairman of the urban council. Following the 2020 parliamentary election he was appointed to the Parliament of Sri Lanka as a National List MP representing the Sri Lanka People's Freedom Alliance.

National list member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka
A national list member of parliament (national list MP) is a nominated member of parliament who is appointed by a political party or an independent group to the Parliament of Sri Lanka. The number of national list MPs allocated to a contesting party or an independent group depends on the proportion of their share of the national vote. A total of 29 national list MPs are appointed alongside 196 elected MPs (elected from 22 multi-member electoral districts) making a total of 225 members in the parliament.
Kristensen Cabinet
The Cabinet of Knud Kristensen was the government of Denmark from 7 November 1945 to 13 November 1947. The minority cabinet was, except for the foreign minister, fully composed of members of Venstre, led by Knud Kristensen. It was formed after the October 1945 elections, the first since the end of the Second World War.

Venstre (Denmark)
Venstre (Danish: [ˈvenstʁɐ], lit. 'Left', V), full name Venstre, Danmarks Liberale Parti (English: Left, Denmark's Liberal Party), is a conservative-liberal, agrarian political party in Denmark. Founded as part of a peasants' movement against the landed aristocracy, today it espouses an economically liberal, pro-free-market ideology.

Venstre is the major party of the centre-right in Denmark, and the second-largest party in the country. The party has produced many Prime Ministers. In the 2022 general elections, Venstre received 13.3% of the vote and 23 out of 179 seats. Following the resignation of Jakob Ellemann-Jensen, the party is led by Troels Lund Poulsen who serves as the country's Deputy Prime Minister. Since December 2022, the party has been a junior partner in the second Frederiksen government.

The party is a member of Liberal International and the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) and has four MEPs in the European Parliament.
Alexis Rassine
Alexis Rassine (26 July 1919 – 25 July 1992) was a South African ballet dancer who enjoyed his greatest success with the Sadler's Wells Ballet in England in the 1940s and early 1950s. He is remembered as a classical dancer who made "a major contribution to British ballet" during wartime and "helped to keep the flag flying when all about was chaos and disaster."

Ninette de Valois
Dame Ninette de Valois OM CH DBE (born Edris Stannus; 6 June 1898 – 8 March 2001) was an Irish-born British ballet dancer, teacher, choreographer, and director of classical ballet. She danced professionally with Serge Diaghilev's Ballets Russes, later establishing The Royal Ballet, one of the foremost ballet companies of the 20th century and one of the leading ballet companies in the world. She also established the Royal Ballet School and the touring company which became the Birmingham Royal Ballet. She is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the history of ballet and as the "godmother" of English and Irish ballet.
Andres Levin
Andrés Levín is a Venezuelan-born American record producer, bandleader, filmmaker, recording engineer and philanthropist. After several nominations, Levin won a Grammy Award in 2009 for his production of the In the Heights cast recording. His Grammy-nominated Latin fusion band Yerba Buena was founded along with Cuban-American singer Cucu Diamantes.

Levin has been called the "master-chef of urban fusion" by the Los Angeles Times.

Bandleader
A bandleader is the leader of a music group such as a dance band, rock or pop band or jazz quartet. The term is most commonly used with a group that plays popular music as a small combo or a big band, such as one which plays jazz, blues, rhythm and blues or rock and roll music. Most bandleaders are also performers with their own band, either as singers or as instrumentalists, playing an instrument such as electric guitar, piano, or other instruments.
Inside/Out: New Chinese Art
Inside/Out: New Chinese Art was an exhibition held 15 September 1998 to 3 January 1999 held in association with Asia Society and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. The exhibition was presented simultaneously at Asia Society in New York and P.S.1 Contemporary Art Center (now MoMA PS1). It was curated by Gao Minglu and featured artists from mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong with artworks from the 1980s to 1990s.

Following its initial display in New York, the exhibition then traveled to San Francisco, where it was simultaneously presented at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art and Asian Art Museum from 26 February 1999 to 7 March 2000. The exhibition then traveled to Museo de Art Contemporañeo in Monterrey, Mexico, Tacoma Art Museum and the Henry Art Gallery in Seattle. In 2000, the exhibition was on display at the Hong Kong Museum of Art.

Hong Kong Museum of Art
The Hong Kong Museum of Art (HKMoA) is the first and main art museum of Hong Kong, located in Salisbury Road, Tsim Sha Tsui. It is a public museum managed by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department of the Hong Kong Government.

HKMoA has an art collection of over 17,000 items. Admission is free for permanent exhibitions. Its rival is the non-government-managed Hong Kong Arts Centre. These two museums are considered to be the top two art museums in Hong Kong that dictate the discourse of art in Hong Kong. The museum was established as the City Hall Museum and Art Gallery in the City Hall in Central by the Urban Council on 2 March 1962.

It has an extended branch, the Flagstaff House Museum of Tea Ware, at the Hong Kong Park in Central.
History of the Jews in Békés (Hungary)
The history of the Jews in Békés, a county in Hungary, has lasted more than two centuries. Jewish settlement in Békés began in the 18th century and the population began to grow rapidly in the mid-19th century. After World War I, levels of antisemitism increased until eventually Békés's Jewish population was transferred to ghettos. Many former residents were deported to concentration or death camps. Very few survivors returned after the war, although a new synagogue was founded in the county's capital city.

Gyula, Hungary
Gyula (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈɟulɒ] ⓘ; German: Jula; Romanian: Jula or Giula) is a town in Békés County, Hungary.

The town is best known for its medieval castle and a thermal bath. Ferenc Erkel, the composer of the Hungarian national anthem, and Albrecht Dürer the Elder, the father of Albrecht Dürer, were also born in Gyula, as was the 2025 Nobel Prize in Literature laureate László Krasznahorkai.
Haycroft, Cheshire
Haycroft is a deserted village in the civil parish of Spurstow, in Cheshire, England, located at SJ5553157178, immediately east of Haycroft farm. Aerial photography has shown evidence of a medieval village and a field system. The site is a scheduled monument.

Abandoned village
An abandoned village is a village that has, for some reason, been deserted. In many countries, and throughout history, thousands of villages have been deserted for a variety of causes. Abandonment of villages is often related to epidemic, famine, war, climate change, economic depressions, environmental destruction, or deliberate clearances.
Ropotamo
The Ropotamo (Bulgarian: Ропотамо [ropoˈtamo], from the Ancient Greek word Ροπόταμος ropotamos meaning "border river") is a river in south-eastern Bulgaria. It takes its source from the Bosna Ridge in the Strandzha Mountains, running for 48.5 km to empty into the Black Sea near Cape Saint Demetrius between Dyuni and Primorsko.

The river is most often noted for its 30 m-wide mouth that is home to an abundance of flora species, over 100 of which endangered in the country. The lower section of the river is a protected area since 1940 and forms part of the Ropotamo Reserve. The lower Ropotamo is a popular tourist attraction because of the water lilies and the rock formations above the river, on some of which white-tailed eagles nest.

Ropotamo Glacier on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Ropotamo River.

Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name Smolensk, 62°36′S 60°30′W﻿ / ﻿62.600°S 60.500°W﻿ / -62.600; -60.500) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.
Tachikawa Ki-17
The Tachikawa Ki-17 (九五式三型練習機, Kyugoshiki san-gata renshuki) was a basic training aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force built by Tachikawa Aircraft Company Ltd in the 1930s. It was known to the Allies under the nickname of Cedar during World War II.

Trainer aircraft
A trainer is a class of aircraft designed specifically to facilitate flight training of pilots and aircrews. The use of a dedicated trainer aircraft with additional safety features—such as tandem flight controls, forgiving flight characteristics and a simplified cockpit arrangement—allows pilots-in-training to safely advance their skills in a more forgiving aircraft.

Civilian pilots are normally trained in a light aircraft, with two or more seats to allow for a student and instructor.
Que Sera (Medina song)
"Que Sera" is a song by Swedish hip hop duo Medina, released as a single on 2 March 2024. It was performed in Melodifestivalen 2024, where it was the only song with Swedish lyrics qualifying for the final. It came second in the final with 104 points.

Melodifestivalen 2024
Melodifestivalen 2024 was the 64th edition of the Swedish music competition Melodifestivalen, which was organised by Sveriges Television (SVT) and took place over a six-week period between 3 February and 9 March 2024, hosted by Carina Berg. The winners of the competition, Marcus & Martinus with "Unforgettable", represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 on home soil in Malmö, where they finished in ninth place.