hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2010 Kraft Nabisco Championship
The 2010 Kraft Nabisco Championship was played at Mission Hills Country Club in Rancho Mirage, California, from April 1–4. This was the 39th edition of the Kraft Nabisco Championship and the 28th as a women's major golf championship.

This championship was won by Yani Tseng, age 21, with a score of 275 (−13), one stroke over runner-up Suzann Pettersen. This was her third victory on the LPGA Tour and her second major title. ESPN and CBS Sports televised the event.

Suzann Pettersen
Suzann Pettersen (born 7 April 1981) is a Norwegian former professional golfer. She played mainly on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour, and was also a member of the Ladies European Tour. Her career-best world ranking was second and she held that position several times, most recently from August 2011 until February 2012. She retired on 15 September 2019 after holing the winning putt for the European team at the 2019 Solheim Cup, notwithstanding that she had been away from golf for almost 20 months on maternity leave prior to the event.
Komsomolsk-na-Amure constituency
The Komsomolsk-na-Amure constituency (No.70) is a Russian legislative constituency in Khabarovsk Krai.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Pavel Simigin, former Member of Legislative Duma of Khabarovsk Krai and businessman, who won the seat after narrowly defeating one-term Liberal Democratic incumbent Ivan Pilyayev.

Komsomolsk-on-Amur
Komsomolsk-on-Amur (Russian: Комсомольск-на-Амуре, romanized: Komsomolsk-na-Amure, IPA: [kəmsɐˈmolʲsk nɐ‿ɐˈmurʲə]) is a city in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, located on the west bank of the Amur River in the Russian Far East. It is located on the Baikal-Amur Mainline, 356 kilometers (221 mi) northeast of Khabarovsk. Population: 238,505 (2021 census); 263,906 (2010 census); 281,035 (2002 census); 315,325 (1989 Soviet census).
Thomas Craven
Thomas Craven (January 6, 1888  – February 27, 1969) was an American author, critic and lecturer, who promoted the work of American Regionalist painters, Thomas Hart Benton, John Steuart Curry and Grant Wood, among others. He was known for his caustic comments and for being the "leading decrier of the School of Paris."

Grant Wood
Grant DeVolson Wood (February 13, 1891 – February 12, 1942) was an American artist and representative of Regionalism, best known for his paintings depicting the rural American Midwest. He is particularly well known for American Gothic (1930), which has become an iconic example of early 20th-century American art.
Manampoka
Manampoka is a monotypic genus of Malagasy araneomorph spiders in the family Phyxelididae containing the single species, Manampoka atsimo. It was first described by C. E. Griswold, H. M. Wood & A. D. Carmichael in 2012, and is only found on Madagascar.

Araneomorphae
The Araneomorphae (also called the Labidognatha or "true spiders") are an infraorder of spiders. They are distinguishable by chelicerae (fangs) that point diagonally forward and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to those of Mygalomorphae (tarantulas and their close kin), which point straight down. Araneomorphs comprise the vast majority (about 92%) of living spiders.
C. P. Wang
C. P. Wang (Wang Chung-ping) (born 1947 in Beijing, China) is a Taiwanese architect. He received his bachelor's degree from Tunghai University in 1971 and his Master of Architecture from the School of Architecture at Washington University in St. Louis in 1973. He is co-principal of the architectural firm C.Y. Lee & Partners, located in Taipei, Taiwan. C.P. Wang was one of the prominent designers of Taipei 101, which was the world's tallest skyscraper from 2004 to 2010.

Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts
The Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts is a part of Washington University in St. Louis. The Sam Fox School was founded in 2006 by uniting the academic units of Architecture and Art with the university's Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum. It is dedicated in honor of donor, former United States Ambassador to Belgium, and owner of Harbour Group Industries, Sam Fox. The school comprises

College of Architecture

Graduate School of Architecture & Urban Design

College of Art

Graduate School of Art

Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum

Carmon Colangelo is the inaugural and current Ralph J. Nagel Dean of the Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts. The deanship was established in 2016 with a $5 million gift from Washington University Trustees and alumni Ralph Nagel and his wife Trish Nagel.
CFS Mont Apica
Canadian Forces Station Mont Apica (CFS Mont Apica) was a radar station of the Pinetree Line, located in Mont-Apica, Quebec, Canada, during the Cold War. The station opened as RCAF Station Mont Apica in 1952 and had a staff of some 500 persons at its peak.

2452 AC&W squadron, a reserve unit from Quebec City, trained at Mont Apica until the squadron was disbanded in 1960.

Political and technological changes made the station redundant and it closed in 1990. No. 12 Radar Squadron, Mont Apica's lodger unit, was transferred to CFB Bagotville.

There was also a weather radar used by the military and later by the Meteorological Service of Canada. After the station's closure, it was transferred to the Lac Castor site of the Canadian weather radar network.

Pinetree Line
The Pinetree Line was a series of radar stations located across southern Canada at about the 50th parallel north, along with a number of other stations located on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. Run by North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) (after its creation), over half were staffed by United States Air Force personnel with the balance operated by the Royal Canadian Air Force. The line was the first coordinated system for early detection of a Soviet bomber attack on North America.  Its radar technology quickly became outdated, and the line was in full operation only for a short time.
Digital obsolescence
Digital obsolescence is the risk of data loss because of inabilities to access digital assets, due to the hardware or software required for information retrieval being repeatedly replaced by newer devices and systems, resulting in increasingly incompatible formats. While the threat of an eventual "digital dark age" (where large swaths of important cultural and intellectual information stored on archaic formats becomes irretrievably lost) was initially met with little concern until the 1990s, modern digital preservation efforts in the information and archival fields have implemented protocols and strategies such as data migration and technical audits, while the salvage and emulation of antiquated hardware and software address digital obsolescence to limit the potential damage to long-term information access.

Data loss
Data loss is an error condition in information systems in which information is destroyed by failures (like failed spindle motors or head crashes on hard drives) or neglect (like mishandling, careless handling or storage under unsuitable conditions) in storage, transmission, or processing. Information systems implement backup and disaster recovery equipment and processes to prevent data loss or restore lost data. Data loss can also occur if the physical medium containing the data is lost or stolen.

Data loss is distinguished from data unavailability, which may arise from a network outage. Although the two have substantially similar consequences for users, data unavailability is temporary, while data loss may be permanent. Data loss is also distinct from data breach, an incident where data falls into the wrong hands, although the term data loss has been used in those incidents.
Bay Oval
Bay Oval is a cricket ground in Mount Maunganui, Tauranga in the Bay of Plenty area of New Zealand. The ground was built in Blake Park and opened in 2005.

Bay Oval has hosted men's and women's international limited overs matches since 2014. It hosted its first Test match in November 2019.

Bay of Plenty
The Bay of Plenty (Māori: Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi) is a large bight along the northern coast of New Zealand's North Island. It stretches 260 kilometres (160 mi) from the Coromandel Peninsula in the west to Cape Runaway in the east. Called Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi (the Ocean of Toitehuatahi) in the Māori language after Toi-te-huatahi, an early ancestor, the name 'Bay of Plenty' was bestowed by James Cook in 1769 when he noticed the abundant food supplies at several Māori villages there, in stark contrast to observations he had made earlier in Poverty Bay.
Lake Onslow
Lake Onslow is a man-made lake east of Roxburgh and south of Alexandra in the Otago region of New Zealand. It lies 700 m (2,300 ft) above sea level. It was formed in 1890 by the damming of the Teviot River and Dismal Swamp, with a new dam built in 1982 that raised the lake level by 5 m (16 ft). It has been considered as the site for a pumped-storage hydroelectricity project.

Alexandra, New Zealand
Alexandra (Māori: Manuherikia or Areketanara) is a town in the Central Otago district of the South Island of New Zealand. It is on the banks of the Clutha River (at the confluence of the Manuherikia River), on State Highway 8, 188 kilometres (117 mi) by road from Dunedin and 33 kilometres (21 mi) south of Cromwell. The nearest towns to Alexandra via state highway 8 are Clyde seven kilometres to the northwest and Roxburgh forty kilometres to the south. State highway 85 also connects Alexandra to Omakau, Lauder, Oturehua, Ranfurly and on to Palmerston on the East Otago coast.

The town of Alexandra is home to 5,860 people as of June 2025.
Huilliche uprising of 1792
The Huilliche uprising of 1792 was an indigenous uprising against the Spanish penetration into Futahuillimapu, a territory in southern Chile that had been de facto free of Spanish rule since 1602. The first part of the conflict was a series of Huilliche attacks on Spanish settlers and the mission in the frontier next to Bueno River. Following this a militia in charge of Tomás de Figueroa departed from Valdivia ravaging Huilliche territory in a quest to subdue anti-Spanish elements in Futahuillimapu.

Zona Sur
Zona Sur (Southern Zone) is one of the five natural regions on which CORFO divided continental Chile in 1950. Its northern border is formed by the Bío-Bío River, which separates it from the Central Chile Zone. The Southern Zone borders the Pacific Ocean to the west, and to the east lies the Andean mountains and Argentina. Its southern border is the Chacao Channel, which forms the boundary with the Austral Zone. While the Chiloé Archipelago belongs geographically to the Austral Zone in terms of culture and history, it lies closer to the Southern Zone.
Peace Pagoda, Ampara
Ampara Peace Pagoda (also known as Ampara Sama Ceitya) is one of a number of  Peace Pagodas in the world, built since World War II and designed to promote the non-violence in the community and unite them in their search for world peace. It is located in Ampara, a small town located in the Eastern Province of Sri Lanka and is one of the Ampara's most prominent landmarks.

There are another four Peace Pagodas constructed in various places around Sri Lanka. They are located at Unawatuna, Adam's Peak, Bandarawela and Walapane.

Unawatuna
Unawatuna is a coastal town in Galle district of Sri Lanka. Unawatuna is a major tourist attraction in Sri Lanka and known for its beach and corals. It is a suburb of Galle, about five kilometres (three miles) southeast of the city center and approximately 108 kilometres (67 mi) south of Colombo. Unawatuna is situated at an elevation of 5 metres (16 ft) above sea level. Despite significant development in the last decade it is still home to the endangered and endemic purple-faced langur, an unusually shy monkey species only found in Sri Lanka's forests.
Le Bel–Van 't Hoff rule
In organic chemistry, the Le Bel–Van 't Hoff rule states that the number of stereoisomers of an organic compound containing no internal planes of symmetry is 2n, where n represents the number of asymmetric carbon atoms. French chemist Joseph Achille Le Bel and Dutch chemist Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff both announced this hypothesis in 1874 and that this accounted for all molecular asymmetry known at the time.

As an example, four of the carbon atoms of the aldohexose class of molecules are asymmetric, therefore the Le Bel–Van 't Hoff rule gives a calculation of 24 = 16 stereoisomers. This is indeed the case: these chemicals are two enantiomers each of eight different diastereomers: allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, galactose, and talose.

Four asymmetric carbon atoms in glucose (the four carbon–oxygen bonds marked in red)

Talose
Talose is an aldohexose sugar. It is an unnatural monosaccharide, that is soluble in water and slightly soluble in methanol. Some etymologists suggest that talose's name derives from the automaton of Greek mythology named Talos, but the relevance is unclear.

Talose is a C-2 epimer of galactose and a C-4 epimer of mannose.
Froila Ramírez
Froila Ramírez, also spelled Fruela or Froilán (fl. 1150 – 1202), was a Leonese nobleman and a member of the Flagínez family. His power and influence lay chiefly in the heart of the province of León and its west, but it extended also into Galicia and the Asturias. He was most active after the death of his father (1169/70) and more especially that of his brother (1185) until his own death, probably in 1203.

Province of León
León (UK: /leɪˈɒn/, US: /leɪˈoʊn/; Spanish: [leˈon]; Leonese: Llión [ʎiˈoŋ]; Galician: [leˈoŋ]) is a province of northwestern Spain in the northern part of the Region of León and in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

About one quarter of its population of 463,746 (2018) lives in the capital, León. The climate is dry, cold in winter and hot in summer. This creates the perfect environment for wine and all types of cold meats and sausages like the leonese "Morcilla" and the "Cecina".

There are two famous Roman Catholic cathedrals in the province, the main one in León and another in Astorga. The province shares the Picos de Europa National Park (in the Picos de Europa mountain range) with Cantabria and Asturias. It has 211 municipalities.
Jai Ho (film)
Jai Ho (transl. Let there be Victory) is a 2014 Indian Hindi-language  political action drama film directed by Sohail Khan, who also produced the film under the banner Sohail Khan Productions and co-produced by Sunil Lulla under Eros International, which distributed the film. It is an official remake of the Telugu film Stalin, which is also inspired by the American-drama film Pay It Forward. The film stars Salman Khan, Tabu, Daisy Shah, Danny Denzongpa, Sana Khan and Aditya Pancholi, while Suniel Shetty and Genelia D'Souza make cameo appearances.

Jai Ho was released on 24 January 2014, during the Republic Day weekend, and received mixed reviews from critics. It became a commercial success grossing ₹195 crore (US$23 million) at the box office, becoming the sixth highest-grossing Bollywood film of 2014.

Theater in the United States
Theater in the United States is part of the old European theatrical tradition and has been heavily influenced by the British theater. The central hub of the American theater scene is Manhattan, with its divisions of Broadway, Off-Broadway, and Off-Off-Broadway. Many movie and television stars have gotten their big break working in New York productions. Outside New York, many cities have professional regional or resident theater companies that produce their own seasons, with some works being produced regionally with hopes of eventually moving to New York. U.S. theater also has an active community theater culture, which relies mainly on local volunteers who may not be actively pursuing a theatrical career.
Polystichum moorei
Polystichum moorei  is a fern in the family Dryopteridaceae. The specific epithet honours Charles Moore, Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, from 1848 to 1896, who collected plants on Lord Howe Island in 1869.

Dryopteridaceae
The Dryopteridaceae are a family of leptosporangiate ferns in the order Polypodiales. They are known colloquially as the wood ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family is placed in the suborder Polypodiineae. Alternatively, it may be treated as the subfamily Dryopteridoideae  of a very broadly defined family Polypodiaceae sensu lato.

The family contains about 1700 species and has a cosmopolitan distribution. Species may be terrestrial, epipetric, hemiepiphytic, or epiphytic. Many are cultivated as ornamental plants.  The largest genera are Elaphoglossum (600+), Polystichum (260), Dryopteris (225), and Ctenitis (150). These four genera contain about 70% of the species.  Dryopteridaceae diverged from the other families in eupolypods I about 100 million years ago.
The fossil record appears to show the earliest members of the group emerging some 99 MYA during the Mid Cretaceous.
1981 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships
The 1981 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor green clay courts at the Longwood Cricket Club in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts in the United States. The event was part of the Super Series of the 1981 Volvo Grand Prix circuit. It was the 54th edition of the tournament and was held from July 13 through July 19, 1981. First-seeded José Luis Clerc won the singles title.

Hans Gildemeister
Hans Gildemeister Bohner (born Juan Pedro Gildemeister Bohner on 9 February 1956), is a Chilean former tennis player of German ancestry, who won four singles and 23 doubles titles during his professional career.  The right-hander reached his highest singles ATP ranking on 22 February 1980, when he became world No. 12.

He is a former captain of the Chilean Davis Cup team.
College of Engineering (University of Nebraska–Lincoln)
The University of Nebraska–Lincoln College of Engineering is the engineering college at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln in Lincoln, Nebraska. The college was formally established in 1909, though the university began offering engineering classes in 1877. Since 1970, it has also encompassed the students and facilities at the University of Nebraska Omaha. Lance Perez has served as dean of the college since 2018.

The College of Engineering ranked seventy-first by U.S. News & World Report in its 2024 ranking of undergraduate engineering programs. It is made up of seven departments: Biological Systems Engineering, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, the Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, and the School of Computing.

University of Nebraska system
The University of Nebraska system is the public university system of the U.S. state of Nebraska. The system was formed in 1968 from the merger of the University of Nebraska and the University of Omaha. The system has since expanded to include the University of Nebraska at Kearney, Nebraska College of Technical Agriculture, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and an online high school. Its flagship campus is the University of Nebraska–Lincoln.
María Fernanda Beltrán
María Fernanda Beltrán Figueroa is a Mexican model from the state of Sinaloa who won Miss Universe Mexico 2024 on September 7, 2024, in Cancun. She represented Mexico at the Miss Universe 2024 pageant held in Mexico City, where she finished as the second runner up, becoming the third Mexican to achieve that placement.

Miss Grand International 2023
Miss Grand International 2023 was the 11th Miss Grand International pageant, held at the Phú Thọ Indoor Stadium in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, on 25 October 2023.

At the end of the event, Isabella Menin of Brazil crowned Luciana Fuster of Peru as Miss Grand International 2023, marking the country's second victory in the pageant's history.

Contestants from sixty-nine countries and territories competed in this year's pageant. The pageant's grand final round was hosted by Thai television personality Matthew Deane, and featured a live performance by Miss Grand International 2022 first runner-up, Engfa Waraha.
The Wild Women of Chastity Gulch
The Wild Women of Chastity Gulch is a 1982 American made-for-television Western romantic comedy film directed by Philip Leacock and starring Priscilla Barnes, Lee Horsley, Joan Collins, Donny Osmond, Morgan Brittany, and Lisa Whelchel. Executive produced by Aaron Spelling, it premiered on ABC on October 31, 1982, and was later syndicated to cable television for rebroadcast.

Aaron Spelling
Aaron Spelling (April 22, 1923 – June 23, 2006) was an American film and television producer and occasional actor. His productions included the television series Family (1976–1980); Charlie's Angels (1976–1981); The Love Boat (1977–1986); Hart to Hart (1979–1984); Dynasty (1981–1989); Beverly Hills, 90210 (1990–2000); Melrose Place (1992–1999); 7th Heaven (1996–2007); and Charmed (1998–2006). He also served as producer of The Mod Squad (1968–1973), The Rookies (1972–1976) and Sunset Beach (1997–1999).

Through his production company Spelling Television, Spelling holds the record as the most prolific television producer in American television history, with 218 producer and executive producer credits. Forbes ranked him the 11th-highest-earning deceased celebrity in 2009.
B. B. O'Mara
Braxton Bragg "Opp" O'Mara (September 15, 1896 – May 24, 1969) was an American college football player and coach of college football and college basketball. He served as a football player-coach for one season at the University of Southern Mississippi–then known as Mississippi Normal College–in 1920, compiling a record of 4–2–1. His stint as a player at Hattiesburg was sandwiched between two stints as a player at the University of Mississippi (1918–1919, 1921). O'Mara graduated from the University of Mississippi School of Medicine in 1922.

University of Mississippi School of Medicine
The University of Mississippi School of Medicine (UMSOM) is the medical school of the University of Mississippi in the U.S. state of Mississippi.

The UMSOM was created in 1903 on the Oxford campus.  In 1955, it was moved from the Oxford campus to the state capital of Jackson and was expanded to include the third and fourth years of training. The University of Mississippi Medical Center, the health sciences campus of the University of Mississippi, houses the School of Medicine.

As of 2006, there were 413 students enrolled in UMSOM. This includes students enrolled in the four-year M.D. program as well as students enrolled in the seven-year M.D./Ph.D program.
CoBoosting
CoBoost is a semi-supervised training algorithm proposed by Collins and Singer in 1999. The original application for the algorithm was the task of named-entity recognition using very weak learners, but it can be used for performing semi-supervised learning in cases where data features may be redundant.

It may be seen as a combination of co-training and boosting. Each example is available in two views (subsections of the feature set), and boosting is applied iteratively in alternation with each view using predicted labels produced in the alternate view on the previous iteration. CoBoosting is not a valid boosting algorithm in the PAC learning sense.

Feature (machine learning)
In machine learning and pattern recognition, a feature is an individual measurable property or characteristic of a data set. Choosing informative, discriminating, and independent features is crucial to producing effective algorithms for pattern recognition, classification, and regression tasks. Features are usually numeric, but other types such as strings and graphs are used in syntactic pattern recognition, after some pre-processing step such as one-hot encoding. The concept of "features" is related to that of explanatory variables used in statistical techniques such as linear regression.