hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Large deviations of Gaussian random functions
A random function – of either one variable (a random process), or two or more variables
(a random field) – is called Gaussian if every finite-dimensional distribution is a multivariate normal distribution. Gaussian random fields on the sphere are useful (for example) when analysing

the anomalies in the cosmic microwave background radiation (see, pp. 8–9);

brain images obtained by positron emission tomography (see, pp. 9–10).

Sometimes, a value of a Gaussian random function deviates from its expected value by several standard deviations. This is a large deviation. Though rare in a small domain (of space or/and time), large deviations may be quite usual in a large domain.

Random field
In physics and mathematics, a random field is a random function over an arbitrary domain (usually a multi-dimensional space such as ). That is, it is a function  that takes on a random value at each point (or some other domain). It is also sometimes thought of as a synonym for a stochastic process with some restriction on its index set. That is, by modern definitions, a random field is a generalization of a stochastic process where the underlying parameter need no longer be real or integer valued "time" but can instead take values that are multidimensional vectors or points on some manifold.
Pierre de Maere
Pierre de Maere (French pronunciation: [maʁ]; born 24 May 2001) is a Belgian singer-songwriter.

His single "Un jour je marierai un ange" reached the top 5 of the French-speaking Ultratop 50 Singles and the top 10 of the French national ranking in 2022, obtaining a diamond disc from the SNEP in 2023. After winning the prize for Belgian Revelation of the Year at the NRJ Music Awards in 2022, he received a Victoire de la Musique in 2023 in the category of Male Revelation of the Year.

In November 2024, he and Dua Lipa released the remix of the song "These Walls".

De Maere is openly gay; French magazine Têtu classified him as a queer artist in 2022; in response, he told Le Monde, "I prefer the word flamboyant to the word queer."

Ultratop
Ultratop is an organization which generates and publishes the official record charts in Belgium. Ultratop is a non-profit organization, created in 1995 on the initiative of the Belgian Entertainment Association (BEA), the Belgian member organization of the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. Two parallel sets of charts are concurrently produced and published: one is on behalf of Belgium's mainly Dutch-speaking Flanders region, and the other caters to the nation's mainly French-speaking region of Wallonia.
Peter Folger
Peter Folger (December 26, 1905 – August 27, 1980) was an American coffee heir, socialite, and  member of the prominent United States Folger family. He was also the longtime chairman of the board and president of the Folgers Coffee Company. He was the son of James Athearn Folger, Jr. (born c. 1864) and wife Clare Luning and paternal grandson of founder J. A. Folger, and the father of Abigail Folger, who was killed in the notorious Tate–LaBianca murders in 1969 at the age of 25.

Woodside, California
Woodside is an incorporated town in San Mateo County, California, United States, on the San Francisco Peninsula. It has a council–manager system of government.

The population of the town was 5,309 at the 2020 census. The town's population has a median household income above $250,000 and median home price above $5 million. The town is known for its quaint and small town feel despite being close to Silicon Valley, and is home to many venture capital and investment firms.
Ford ministry
The Ford ministry is the Cabinet, chaired by Premier Doug Ford, that began governing Ontario shortly before the opening of the 42nd Parliament. The original members were sworn in during a ceremony held at Queen's Park on June 29, 2018.

Ford has carried out four major Cabinet reshuffles: once in 2019, 2021, 2022, 2024, and 2025.

Steve Clark (Canadian politician)
Stephen J. Clark MPP (born November 7, 1960) is a Canadian politician who has represented Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario since 2010. A member of the Progressive Conservative (PC) Party, Clark was the minister of municipal affairs and housing from 2018 until 2023, when he resigned from provincial cabinet amid the Greenbelt scandal. Clark was mayor of Brockville from 1982 to 1991. Today, Clark is the Commissioner of the Board of Internal Economy, Government House Leader, and Parliamentary Assistant to the Premier.
Miss Puerto Rico's Outstanding Teen
The Miss Puerto Rico's Teen competition is the pageant that selects the representative for the country of Puerto Rico in the Miss America's Teen pageant.

Ishtar Daneliz Colón-Vargas of Barceloneta was crowned Miss Puerto Rico's Teen in July 2025. She went and represented Puerto Rico at the Miss America's Teen 2026 pageant.

In January 2023, the official name of the pageant was changed from Miss Puerto Rico’s Outstanding Teen, to Miss Puerto Rico’s Teen, in accordance with the national pageant.

Barceloneta, Puerto Rico
Barceloneta (Spanish pronunciation: [baɾseloˈneta], locally [baɭseloˈneta]) is a town and municipality in Puerto Rico located in the north region, bordering the Atlantic Ocean, north of Florida (city and municipality in Puerto Rico), east of Arecibo, and west of Manatí. Barceloneta is spread over 3 barrios and Barceloneta Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Tamiko Butler
Tamiko Butler (born 4 January 1991) is a triathlete and former road cyclist from Antigua and Barbuda. She became Antigua and Barbuda national road champion in 2009, 2010, 2012 and 2014. She represented her nation at the 2011 Pan American Games in the road race and time trial and at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in the road race, individual pursuit, points race and scratch race. She also competed at the 2015 Pan American Games. She was named as Antigua and Barbuda's sportswoman of the year in 2011.

Cycling at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Women's scratch race
The Women's scratch race at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, as part of the cycling programme, took place on 26 July 2014. Australian Annette Edmondson and Amy Cure came first respectively second – with Elinor Barker from Wales finishing third. The event was held at Sir Chris Hoy Velodrome in Glasgow, Scotland. A total of 24 competitors, including one not starting and three not finishing, from 11 nations took part of the race.
Rofe
Rofe is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Paul Rofe (disambiguation), several people

Paul Rofe (barrister) (1948–2013), South Australian Director of Public Prosecutions
Paul Rofe (cricketer) (born 1981), played for South Australia and Northamptonshire

Dennis Rofe (born 1950), English footballer

Ron Rofe (1914–2003), Australian politician

Stan Rofe (1933–2003), Australian DJ and music news reporter

Thomas E. Rofe (1869–1945), Australian ex-solicitor and Church of Christ supporter

Ron Rofe
Ronald Ernest Arthur Rofe (1914 – 21 September 2003) was an Australian politician and member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1973 until 1978. He was a member of the Liberal Party.

Rofe was born in Camden where his family had been farming for some generations. He continued this tradition as a dairy farmer in the district. He was a prominent member and district governor of the Lions Club. He was the Deputy Shire President of Wollondilly Shire Council in 1971–1974.

A redistribution of Legislative Assembly seats prior to the 1973 election changed the seat of Nepean from a marginal ALP seat to a  notionally conservative seat. The sitting member Ron Mulock decided to contest the safer seat of Penrith and Rofe was selected as the Liberal candidate. He won the election with 53% of the two party preferred vote. He successfully defended the seat against the ALP's Peter Anderson at the 1976 election, but was defeated by Anderson in 1978.
Green Building (MIT)
The Cecil and Ida Green Building, also called the Green Building or Building 54, is an academic and research building at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The building houses the Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences (EAPS). It is one of the tallest buildings in Cambridge.

The Green Building was designed by I. M. Pei, who received a bachelor's degree in architecture from MIT in 1940, and Araldo Cossutta. Principal donor Cecil Howard Green received a bachelor's degree and master's degree from MIT and was a co-founder of Texas Instruments.

Kendall Square
42°21′44″N 71°5′3″W﻿ / ﻿42.36222°N 71.08417°W﻿ / 42.36222; -71.08417
Kendall Square is a neighborhood in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. The square itself is located at the intersection of Main Street and Broadway. It also refers to the broad business district east of Portland Street, northwest of the Charles River, north of MIT and south of Binney Street.

Kendall Square has been called "the most innovative square mile on the planet", in reference to the high concentration of entrepreneurial start-ups and quality of innovation which have emerged in the vicinity of the square since 2010.

The neighborhood has approximately 50,000 people who work in the area on a daily basis and a growing residential population.
Club Deportivo ESPOLI
Club Deportivo ESPOLI is a professional football team from Quito, Ecuador, that now plays in the Segunda Categoría, the third level of professional football in country. The team belong to the Escuela Superior de Policía (ESPOLI), a police academy in Quito.

The closest the team has ever come to a national championship was in 1995, when they came in 2nd place in the national tournament to Barcelona. The result allowed them to participate in the 1996 Copa Libertadores, where they were eliminated in the Round of 16 by Corinthians.

Segunda Categoría
Ecuadorian Segunda Categoría is the third division of the Ecuadorian Football Federation league system. The league is sometimes referred to as Copa Pilsener Segunda Categoría.

The Ecuadorian 3rd division was established in 1967.
Mount Pleasant (cricket ground)
Mount Pleasant is a cricket ground in Batley, West Yorkshire. The first recorded match on the ground was in 1869, when Batley played Burnley.  The ground hosted a single first-class match in 1883 when the T. Emmett's XI played R. G. Barlow's XI.

The ground, adjacent to the stadium of Batley RLFC, is the home of Batley Cricket Club. They are members of the Central Yorkshire Cricket League.

Batley Bulldogs
The Batley Bulldogs are an English professional rugby league club in Batley, West Yorkshire, who play in the Championship. Batley were one of the original twenty-two rugby football clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895. They were League Champions in 1924 and have won three Challenge Cups.
Parid Dule
Parid Dule (born 1969) is an Albanian painter and karate instructor or martial arts trainer who lives and works in Tirana, originating from Përmet Albania. Vivaldi's Four Seasons inspired his latest exhibition in the National Historical Museum (Albania) in April 2011.

Parid is a member of an artist's family, including his uncle sculptor Hektor Dule. Dule is an ex-Champion karate Master. Parid is the winner of many international competitions in karate.

Përmet
Përmet (Albanian: [pəɾˈmɛt]) is a town and municipality in Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. The municipality of Përmet consists of the administrative units of Çarçovë, Frashër, Petran, Qendër Piskovë and Përmet. The total population is 7,980 as of 2023, in a total area of 602.47 km2. The population of the municipal unit at the 2023 census was 4,809. It is flanked by the Vjosë river, which runs along the Trebeshinë-Dhëmbel-Nemërçkë mountain chain, between Trebeshinë and Dhëmbel mountains, and through the Këlcyrë Gorge.
Not the Same Person You Used to Know
Not the Same Person You Used to Know (Korean: 니가 알던 내가 아냐) is a South Korean variety show which premiered on Mnet on December 20, 2018. It was aired every Thursday at 23:00 (KST).

On May 8, 2019 it was confirmed that the show will return for a second season, with DinDin the only cast member from Season 1 to return. The new members include Lee Sang-min, Boom, Jang Sung-kyu and Jung Hye-sung. The second season, named V2, was expected to air every Thursday at 20:00 (KST) starting from June 27, 2019. The season ended on August 15, 2019.

Lee Sang-min (singer)
Lee Sang-min (Korean: 이상민; Hanja: 李尙敏; born June 24, 1973) is a South Korean singer, songwriter, record producer and television personality. He is a former member of the hip hop and dance group Roo'ra. He is also best known for being a cast member of the variety shows Knowing Bros and My Little Old Boy.
Matthews, Illinois
Matthews is an unincorporated community in Perry County, Illinois, United States. The community is located along County Route 18 near its intersection with Illinois Route 13 and Illinois Route 127, 8.1 miles (13.0 km) west-southwest of Du Quoin.

Illinois Route 127
Illinois Route 127 is a north–south highway in central and southern Illinois. Its southern terminus is at Illinois Route 3 near Olive Branch and its northern terminus at Interstate 55, along with the southern terminus of Illinois Route 48 in Raymond. This is a distance of 167.53 miles (269.61 km).
Glimmer (song)
"Glimmer" is the first Delerium single of their 2015 compilation album Rarities & B-sides featuring vocals by Emily Haines of the band Metric.
Glimmer was recorded at the Chimera recording session in 2003 with Carmen Rizzo and Jamie Muhoberac.

Bill Leeb said about the song: "Glimmer reads a bit like a Hollywood mystery having been lost for years, has resurfaced by happenstance. When our music engineer and mixer, Greg Reely, was pilfering through some recordings, he stumbled upon this song that features Emily Haines of Metric."

Remixes by Emjae and Stereojackers vs Mark Loverush appeared on the single. A remix by Delerium appears on their 2023 album Signs.

Greg Reely
Greg Reely is a Canadian record producer, engineer, and mixer who has worked with acts such as Sarah McLachlan, Front Line Assembly, Fear Factory, Machine Head, Coldplay, The Tea Party, Spirit of the West and  others.
John Hill (baseball)
John Hill (1876 – October 1922) was a Negro leagues third baseman and shortstop for several years before the founding of the first Negro National League.

He played for the Cuban X-Giants at the age of 27, moved to the Philadelphia Giants for a couple years, then moved back to the X-Giants where he remained for a big part of his career.

He died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1922, at the age of 46.

Philadelphia Giants
The Philadelphia Giants were a Negro league baseball team that played from 1902 to 1911. From 1904 to 1909 they were one of the strongest teams in black baseball, winning five eastern championships in six years. The team was organized by Sol White, Walter Schlichter, and Harry Smith.
Lactobacillus iners
Lactobacillus iners is a species in the genus Lactobacillus. It is a Gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic rod-shaped bacterium.

Lactobacillus iners is a  normal inhabitant of the lower reproductive tract in healthy women, along with Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus jensenii, and Lactobacillus gasseri.

Catalase
Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen (such as bacteria, plants, and animals) which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase has one of the highest turnover numbers of all enzymes; one catalase molecule can convert millions of hydrogen peroxide molecules to water and oxygen each second.

Catalase is a tetramer of four polypeptide chains, each over 500 amino acids long. It contains four iron-containing heme groups that allow the enzyme to react with hydrogen peroxide. The optimum pH for human catalase is approximately 7, and has a fairly broad maximum: the rate of reaction does not change appreciably between pH 6.8 and 7.5. The pH optimum for other catalases varies between 4 and 11 depending on the species. The optimum temperature also varies by species.
2026 BWF Para-Badminton World Championships
The 2026 BWF Para-Badminton World Championships (Arabic: بطولة العالم للريشة الطائرة لذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة 2026) was the 15th edition of the BWF Para-Badminton World Championships, organised by the Badminton World Federation. It wa helds from 8 to 14 February 2026 in Manama, Bahrain.

Khalimatus Sadiyah
Khalimatus Sadiyah (born 17 September 1999) is an Indonesian para badminton player. She played each of the three variations of the sport (women's singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles) at the highest world level. She won the first para-badminton gold medal for Indonesia in the women's doubles SL3–SU5 event of the 2020 Summer Paralympics with Leani Ratri Oktila.

In the junior event, Sadiyah won the gold medals in the girls' singles and mixed doubles at the 2017 Asian Youth Para Games.
Ramnadi
The Ramnadi is a river in Pune District and is a tributary of the Mula. It originates in the Sahyadris near Khatpewadi, north-west of Pune city. The river flows through the Bhugaon, Bhukum, Bavdhan, Pashan, Baner and Aundh areas of Pune city. It is defined as a brook by the Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC).

The width of the river channel has decreased due to illegal constructions and dumping of construction debris. These constructions are yet to be removed. Many rallies have been held to save the river. However, it has been turned into a sewage canal due to dumping of garbage on its banks. Many local residents are in fact unaware of the river's existence. Due to the river's deteriorating condition, the PMC has undertaken a project to beautify this river. The proposal includes development of a garden along the banks of the river.

The Pashan Lake and Manas lake are the major water bodies on the river basin.

Pune Municipal Corporation
Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) is the civic body that governs the city of Pune, situated in the state of Maharashtra, India.

Established on 15 February 1950, the executive power of the PMC is vested in the Municipal Commissioner, an Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer appointed by the Government of Maharashtra. The position is held by Naval Kishor Ram, IAS. Manjusha Nagpure from BJP was elected as the 
mayor and Parshuram Wadekar from  RPI(A) as the deputy mayor in February 2026.
Strawson
Strawson is a surname. People with the surname include:

Galen Strawson (born 1952), English philosopher and literary critic

John Strawson, British writer and academic

John Strawson (British Army officer) (1921–2014), British Army general

P. F. Strawson (1919–2006), English philosopher

Galen Strawson
Galen John Strawson (/ˈstrɔːsən/; born 1952) is a British analytic philosopher and literary critic who works primarily on philosophy of mind, metaphysics (including free will, panpsychism, the mind–body problem, and the self), John Locke, David Hume, Immanuel Kant and Friedrich Nietzsche. He has been a consultant editor at The Times Literary Supplement for many years, and a regular book reviewer for The Observer, The Sunday Times, The Independent, the Financial Times and The Guardian. He is the son of philosopher P. F. Strawson. He holds a chair in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Texas, Austin, and taught for many years before that at the University of Reading, City University of New York, and Oxford University.
Dougald MacPherson
Dougald MacPherson (October 23, 1882 – May 28, 1964) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from a 1925 byelection to the 1928 provincial election and then again from the 1933 provincial election to the 1937 provincial election, for the electoral district of Grand Forks-Greenwood, a member of the Liberal party. He did not seek a third term in the Legislature in the 1937 provincial election.

Grand Forks-Greenwood
Grand Forks-Greenwood was the name of a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of British Columbia centred on the town of Grand Forks, in the Boundary Country between the Okanagan and Kootenay Countries. The riding first appeared in the 1924 election as the result of a merger of the former ridings of Greenwood and Grand Forks, and lasted until the 1963 election. As of 1966 the area was represented by Boundary-Similkameen. The same area is now part of West Kootenay-Boundary.
Michael Nunes (actor)
Michael John Nunes (born August 7, 1986, in Seattle) is an American actor who played Howie in Full House, Timmy in Parker Lewis Can't Lose, Li'l Bee in Thumbelina (1994) and Beany in The Pebble and the Penguin (1995), before Don Bluth and Gary Goldman went to 20th Century Fox to direct the film Anastasia (1997).

Don Bluth
Donald Virgil Bluth (/bluːθ/ BLOOTH; born September 13, 1937) is an American filmmaker, animator, video game designer and author. He came to prominence working for Walt Disney Productions before creating his own film studio in the early 1980s. Bluth is best known for directing the animated films The Secret of NIMH, An American Tail, The Land Before Time, All Dogs Go to Heaven, Anastasia, and Titan A.E., and for his involvement in the well-known Laserdisc game Dragon's Lair. Don Bluth Productions hired many animators away from Disney, and Bluth's films were a major competitor to Disney in the 1980s, leading up to the Disney Renaissance.
More Tales of the Black Widowers
More Tales of the Black Widowers is a collection of mystery short stories by American author Isaac Asimov, featuring his fictional club of mystery solvers, the Black Widowers. It was first published in hardcover by Doubleday in October 1976, and in paperback by the Fawcett Crest imprint of Ballantine Books in November 1977. The first British edition was issued by Gollancz in April 1977.

This book is the second of six that describe mysteries solved by the Black Widowers, based on a literary dining club he belonged to known as the Trap Door Spiders. It collects twelve stories by Asimov, nine reprinted from mystery or science fiction magazines and three previously unpublished, together with a general introduction, and an afterword following each story by the author. Each story involves the club members' knowledge of trivia.

Trap Door Spiders
The Trap Door Spiders are a literary, male-only eating, drinking, and arguing society in New York City, with a membership historically composed of notable science fiction personalities. The name is a reference to the reclusive habits of the trapdoor spider, which when it enters its burrow pulls the hatch shut behind it.
Girmitiyas
Girmitiyas, (Kaithi: 𑂏𑂱𑂩𑂧𑂱𑂗𑂱𑂨𑂰, IPA: [ɡɪɾmɪʈɪjaː]) also known as Jahazis (Hindustani: जहाज़ी, IPA: [dʒəɦaːziː]) or Jahajis (IPA: [dʒəɦaːdʒiː]), were indentured labourers from British India transported to work on plantations in Fiji, South Africa, Mauritius, and the Caribbean (namely Trinidad and Tobago, British Guiana, Suriname and Jamaica) as part of the Indian indenture system.

Surinam (Dutch colony)
Surinam (Dutch: Suriname), also unofficially known as Dutch Guiana, was a Dutch plantation colony in the Guianas and the predecessor polity of the modern country of Suriname. It  was bordered by the fellow Dutch colony of Berbice to the west, and the French colony of Cayenne to the east. It later bordered British Guiana (modern-day Guyana) from 1831 to 1966.