hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gyeongseong Creature
Gyeongseong Creature (Korean: 경성크리처) is a South Korean historical mystery-horror television series written by Kang Eun-kyung, directed by Jung Dong-yoon, Roh Young-sub and Jo Yeong-min, and starring Park Seo-joon, Han So-hee, Claudia Kim, Lee Moo-saeng and Bae Hyun-sung.

Set in 1945, during the occupation of Gyeongseong (the old name for Seoul) by the Imperial Japanese Army, the story depicts the brutality inflicted on civilians by the Japanese forces, subjecting men and women to secret biological experiments, the rebels who rise against them, and the monster creature produced from human experimentation. The story was inspired by the real-life Unit 731, a covert Japanese military unit that tested biological and chemical weapons on civilians during World War II.

The first season was released on Netflix from December 22, 2023 to January 5, 2024. The second season was released on September 27, 2024.

Names of Seoul
Seoul, the capital of South Korea, has been called by a number of formal and informal names over time. The word seoul was originally a common noun that simply meant "capital city", and was used colloquially to refer to the capital throughout Korean history. Seoul became the official name of the South Korean capital after its liberation from Japan after the Second World War.

Historically, the city of what is now Seoul has been called in various names, including Wiryeseong, Bukhansangun, Hanyang, Namgyeong, Hanyangbu, Hanseong, Gyeongseong, and Keijō.
William Patterson (engineer)
William Patterson (1795–1869) was a Scottish engineer and boatbuilder.

Born in Arbroath, he moved to London where he learned his craft at the yard of William Evans. He then moved to Bristol where he worked for William Scott as his assistant. When Scott became bankrupt, he took over his yard in various guises as William Patterson Shipbuilders. He won the contract to design and build the SS Great Western with Isambard Kingdom Brunel.

He was also one of the designers of the SS Great Britain (again with Brunel), the world's first ocean-going ship to have an iron hull and a screw propeller.
He was born in 1795, married to Eliza Manning in 1825, had eleven children, and died in 1869 in Liverpool. He is buried in an unmarked grave in Liverpool's Toxteth Cemetery.

Arbroath
Arbroath (/ɑːrˈbroʊθ/) or Aberbrothock (Scottish Gaelic: Obar Bhrothaig [ˈopəɾ ˈvɾo.ɪkʲ]) is a former royal burgh and the largest town in the council area of Angus, Scotland, with a population of 23,902. It lies on the North Sea coast, some 16 miles (26 km) east-northeast of Dundee and 45 miles (72 km) south-southwest of Aberdeen.

There is evidence of Iron Age settlement, but its history as a town began with the founding of Arbroath Abbey in 1178. It grew much during the Industrial Revolution through the flax and then the jute industry and the engineering sector. A new harbour was created in 1839; by the 20th century, Arbroath was one of Scotland's larger fishing ports.

The town is notable for the Declaration of Arbroath and the Arbroath smokie. Arbroath Football Club holds the world record for the number of goals scored in a professional football match: 36–0 against Bon Accord of Aberdeen in the Scottish Cup in 1885.
Gaius Atinius (praetor 188 BC)
Gaius Atinius served as military tribune in Gaul under the consul Tiberius Sempronius Longus in 194 BC. He is probably the same Gaius Atinius who served as praetor in 188, and received Hispania Ulterior as his province. He remained there as propraetor, defeating the Lusitani, before being killed during the siege of Hasta in 186 BC.

The historian Titus Livius does not assign him a cognomen, but the Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology indicates that he was one of the Atinii Labeones. He does not appear to have been the same man as Gaius Atinius Labeo, praetor peregrinus in 195 BC, nor the same as Gaius Atinius Labeo, praetor in Sicilia in 190. He may have been a brother of the Marcus Atinius who was slain in Gaul while serving as praefectus socium under Sempronius in 194.

Cognomen
A cognomen (Latin: [kɔŋˈnoːmɛn]; pl.: cognomina; from co- "together with" and (g)nomen "name") was the third name of a citizen of ancient Rome, under Roman naming conventions. Initially, it was a nickname, but lost that purpose when it became hereditary. Hereditary cognomina were used to augment the second name, the nomen gentilicium (the family name, or clan name), in order to identify a particular branch within a family or family within a clan. The term has also taken on other contemporary meanings.
Naomi Ruike
Naomi Ruike is a Japanese freestyle wrestler. She won the gold medal in the women's 65 kg event at the 2020 Asian Wrestling Championships held in New Delhi, India. A year earlier she won the silver medal in this event.

In 2019, she competed in the women's freestyle 65 kg event at the World Wrestling Championships held in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan. She was eliminated in her first match by Wang Xiaoqian of China, an eventual bronze medalists.

She won the gold medal in the women's 65 kg event at the 2023 Dan Kolov & Nikola Petrov Tournament held in Sofia, Bulgaria.

2019 World Wrestling Championships – Women's freestyle 65 kg
The women's freestyle 65 kilograms is a competition featured at the 2019 World Wrestling Championships, and was held in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan on 18 and 19 September.

This freestyle wrestling competition consists of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winner of two bronze medals. The two finalists face off for gold and silver medals. Each wrestler who loses to one of the two finalists moves into the repechage, culminating in a pair of bronze medal matches featuring the semifinal losers each facing the remaining repechage opponent from their half of the bracket.
Colebrook, Tasmania
Colebrook is a rural locality and town in the local government area of Southern Midlands in the Central region of Tasmania. It is located about 29 kilometres (18 mi) south of the town of Oatlands. The 2021 census gave a population of 372 for Colebrook.

Southern Midlands Council
Southern Midlands is a local government body in Tasmania, covering the southern region of the Tasmanian central midlands. Southern Midlands is classified as a rural local government area and has a population of 6,118, the major localities of the region include Campania, Kempton, Mangalore and the principal town of Oatlands.
Mah Bow Tan
Mah Bow Tan (born 12 September 1948) is a Singaporean former politician who served as Leader of the House between 2007 and 2011, Minister for National Development between 1999 and 2011, Minister for the Environment from 1993 to 1995, and Minister for Communications between 1991 and 1999. A former member of the People's Action Party, he served as the Member of Parliament representing the Tampines East ward of Tampines Group Representation Constituency between 1988 and 2015.

Singapore Press Holdings
Singapore Press Holdings Limited (SPH) was one of Singapore's two state media companies, which published The Straits Times, numerous other newspapers and operated radio, television and digital media.

In 2021, the media division was spun off as SPH Media, leaving behind the property and aged care businesses. Since its takeover by Cuscaden Peak in 2022, it has been renamed Cuscaden Peak Investments.

At its peak, SPH had over 4,000 employees. Its team of approximately 1,000 journalists included correspondents operating around the world. 2,500 of the staff, including the journalists and its media business were subsequently transferred to SPH Media.

The company was one of the country's "blue-chip" counters on the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited (SGX) until its delisting on 13 May 2022 following its acquisition by Cuscaden Peak. It was also a constituent of the Straits Times Index until its removal on 22 June 2020.
Candle problem
The candle problem or candle task, also known as Duncker's candle problem, is a cognitive performance test, measuring the influence of functional fixedness on a participant's problem solving capabilities. The test was created by Gestalt psychologist Karl Duncker and published by him in 1935.  Duncker originally presented this test in his thesis on problem-solving tasks at Clark University.

Gestalt psychology
Gestalt psychology, gestaltism, or configurationism  is a school of psychology and a theory of perception that emphasizes the processing of entire patterns and configurations, and not merely individual components. It emerged in the early twentieth century in Germany and Austria as a rejection of basic principles of Wilhelm Wundt's and Edward Titchener's elementalist and structuralist psychology.

Gestalt psychology is often associated with the adage, "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts". In Gestalt theory, information is perceived as wholes rather than disparate parts which are then processed summatively. As used in Gestalt psychology, the German word Gestalt (/ɡəˈʃtælt, -ˈʃtɑːlt/ gə-SHTA(H)LT, German: [ɡəˈʃtalt] ⓘ; meaning "form") is interpreted as "pattern" or "configuration".

It differs from Gestalt therapy, which is only peripherally linked to Gestalt psychology.
Babīte Municipality
Babīte Municipality (Latvian: Babītes novads) is a former municipality in Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2009 when Babīte parish and Sala parish merged with the administrative centre becoming Piņķi.

On 1 July 2021, Babīte Municipality ceased to exist and its territory was merged into Mārupe Municipality.

Large bog Cenas Tīrelis in Babīte Municipality

Piņķi
Piņķi is a village in Mārupe Municipality, in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. Piņķi had 3,527 residents as of 2024. The village has 4 schools in total, including Babīte Secondary School, public, and three international schools: Exupéry International School, King's College Latvia, and The International School of Latvia.
1995 CAF Cup
The 1995 CAF Cup was the fourth football club tournament season that took place for the runners-up of each African country's domestic league. It was won by ES Sahel in two-legged final victory against AS Kaloum Star.

AS Kaloum Star
Association Sportive Kaloum, also known as A.S.K, is a football club based in Conakry, Guinea. In the 1960s A.S.K was known as Conakry I, and won three titles under that name.

Due to the problems in sponsoring in 2008, the club was relegated to Ligue 2.
Pavel Konovalov
Pavel Konovalov is the name of:

Pavel Konovalov (officer) (1908-1945), Soviet army officer and Hero of the Soviet Union

Pavel Konovalov (sprinter) (born 1960), Soviet sprinter

Pavel Konovalov (canoeist) (born 1967), Russian canoeist

Pavel Konovalov (sprinter)
Pavel Trofimovich Konovalov (Russian: Павел Трофимович Коновалов; born 13 November 1960) is a retired Soviet sprinter who specialised in the 400 metres. Individually, his biggest achievement is a gold medal at the 1982 European Indoor Championships. In addition, he won a bronze medal in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1982 European Championships and silver at the 1979 European Junior Championships.

His personal bests in the event are 45.84 seconds outdoors (Athens 1982) and 46.87 seconds indoors (Milan 1982).
Sì (surname)
Si (Chinese: 姒; pinyin: sì) was a Chinese surname during the Xia dynasty. According to Records of the Grand Historian, the surname of the Xia dynasty ruler was Si (姒). In general, the Chinese hold Xia founder Yu the Great (禹) to be a descendant of Emperor Yao (堯). It is one of the traditional description was what were known as the "Eight Great Xings of High Antiquity" (上古八大姓), along with Jiāng (姜), Jī (姬), Yáo (姚), Yíng (嬴), Yún (妘), Guī (媯) and Rèn (妊), though some sources quote Jí (姞) as the last one instead of Rèn. Of these xing, only Jiang and Yao have survived in their original form to modern days as frequently occurring surnames. The Song dynasty-era Hundred Family Surnames poem does not have Si. Although it exists in the modern day, only an estimated 2000 people in mainland China today share the name.

Emperor Yao
Emperor Yao (simplified Chinese: 尧; traditional Chinese: 堯; pinyin: Yáo; Wade–Giles: Yao2; traditionally c. 2356 – 2255 BCE) was a legendary Chinese ruler. He is considered by some sources as one of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors.
Music of Darker than Black
The action anime Darker than Black features music composed by Yoko Kanno who created one soundtrack. Kanno was approached by director Tensai Okamura in regards to ideas about detective stories-like scenario to fit the atmosphere. For the sequel, Darker than Black: Gemini of the Meteor, Kanno was replaced by Yasushi Ishii who described his music as a battlefield.

The music was collected in multiple soundtracks while the opening and ending themes have been popular.

Abingdon Boys School
Abingdon Boys School (stylized as abingdon boys school and abbreviated a.b.s.) is a Japanese rock band formed in 2005. It consists of vocalist Takanori Nishikawa, guitarists Sunao and Hiroshi Shibasaki, and keyboardist Toshiyuki Kishi. They have released two studio albums, Abingdon Boys School (2007) and Abingdon Road (2010), both of which reached the number two position on Japan's Oricon chart.
Johannes Patz
Ulrik Fredrik Johannes Patz (born 3 July 1993 in Stockholm) is a Swedish curler.

He is a 2014 European mixed curling champion, a three-time Swedish mixed curling champion (2014, 2017, 2024) and World Mixed Curling Champion 2024.

2014 European Mixed Curling Championship
The 2014 European Mixed Curling Championship was held from September 13 to 20 at the Tårnby Curling Club in Tårnby, Denmark.

Sweden, skipped by Patric Mabergs, won their first European Mixed title after defeating Norway, skipped by Steffen Walstad, with a score of 9–2.
Little Ayton
Little Ayton is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England and lies immediately south of Great Ayton.  The population of this civil parish taken at the 2011 Census was less than 100. Details are included in the civil parish of Easby, Hambleton.

From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Hambleton, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Captain Cook's Monument, a stone obelisk is above the village, within the civil parish, on Easby Moor.

Little Ayton's name derives from the Old English Ea-tun, meaning 'river farm'. The river flowing through Little Ayton is the Leven, a tributary of the River Tees.

Obelisk
An obelisk (/ˈɒbəlɪsk/; from Ancient Greek  ὀβελίσκος (obelískos), diminutive of ὀβελός (obelós) ' spit, nail, pointed pillar'), less often spelled obelisque, is a tall, slender, tapered monument with four sides and a pyramidal or pyramidion top. Originally constructed by Ancient Egyptians and called tekhenu, the Greeks used the Greek term obeliskos to describe them, and this word passed into Latin and ultimately English. Though William Thomas used the term correctly in his Historie of Italie of 1549, by the late sixteenth century (after reduced contact with Italy following the excommunication of Queen Elizabeth), Shakespeare failed to distinguish between pyramids and obelisks in his plays and sonnets. Ancient obelisks are monolithic and consist of a single stone; most modern obelisks are made of several stones.
Network effectiveness ratio
In telecommunications, the network effectiveness ratio (NER) measures the ability of a network to deliver a call to the called terminal. Busy signals and other call failure due to user behaviour are counted as "successful call delivery" for NER calculation purposes. Unlike ASR, NER excludes the effects of customer and terminal behaviour.  NER is a measure of network quality defined by the ITU.

In general, the NER is used to calculate the effectiveness of the internal interconnect routes.

Telecommunications network
A telecommunications network is a group of nodes interconnected by telecommunications links that are used to exchange messages between the nodes. The links may use a variety of technologies based on the methodologies of circuit switching, message switching, or packet switching to pass messages and signals.

Multiple nodes may cooperate to pass a message from an originating node to a destination node via multiple network hops. For this routing function, each node in the network is assigned a network address for identification and locating it on the network. The collection of addresses in the network is called the address space of the network.

Examples of telecommunications networks include computer networks, the Internet, the public switched telephone network (PSTN), the global Telex network, the aeronautical ACARS network, and the wireless radio networks of cell phone telecommunication providers.
Michèle Cointet
Michèle Cointet is a French historian. She is a professor of 20th century history at the University of Poitiers. She is the recipient of two prizes from the Académie française: the Prix François Millepierres for Vichy capitale, 1940-1944 in 1994, and the Prix François Millepierres for L’Église sous Vichy. La repentance en question in 1999.

University of Poitiers
The University of Poitiers (UP; French: Université de Poitiers, pronounced [ynivɛʁsite də pwatje]) is a public university located in Poitiers, France. It is a member of the Coimbra Group. It is multidisciplinary and contributes to making Poitiers the city with the highest student/inhabitant ratio in France by welcoming nearly 28,000 students in 2017.

The University of Poitiers represents a global operating budget of around 150 million euros per year, one-third of which is for operating and investment costs and two-thirds for personnel costs. As of July 2015 it is a member of the regional university association
Leonardo da Vinci consolidated University.
Michael Mulcahy (painter)
Michael Mulcahy (born 1952, in Waterford) is an Irish expressionist painter who lives and works in Paris, but returns frequently to Ireland.

Michael Mulcahy was educated at the Crawford Municipal School of Art in Cork and the National College of Art and Design in Dublin. He has travelled extensively, particularly in north and west Africa where he has lived and worked in the local community. The Douglas Hyde Gallery in Dublin held a major exhibition of his work in 1994. He has at least one child, a girl. He now resides in Wexford, and opened a working gallery in the town.

Douglas Hyde Gallery
The Douglas Hyde Gallery is a publicly funded contemporary art gallery located in Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. It is named for Douglas Hyde, a graduate of Trinity College and the first president of Ireland.

The Gallery was co-founded by the Arts Council and Trinity College Dublin. It opened to the public in March 1978 as the first publicly-funded gallery dedicated to contemporary art and the first university gallery in Ireland. When the Gallery opened in 1978, it was for a number of years Ireland's only public gallery of contemporary art. In 2017 Georgina Jackson was appointed director, taking over from John Hutchinson who was director for 25 years.

The Douglas Hyde Gallery consists of two exhibition spaces that are used to show concurrent exhibitions, which often have a relating theme or tone.
Newtown Square Friends Meeting House
The Newtown Square Friends Meeting House is a historic Quaker meetinghouse in Newtown Square, Pennsylvania, United States, built in 1711 and expanded in 1791 and 1891.  It has housed, and continues to house, Quaker meetings for worship for over 300 years.

Meeting for worship
A meeting for worship is what members of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) call their religious service. Different branches of Quakers have different styles of worship, primarily consisting of three types. A meeting for worship in English-speaking countries typically lasts around an hour, and most often occur within meeting houses.
Keep Moving Tour
The Keep Moving Tour is a cancelled concert tour by Australian hard rock musician Andrew Stockdale in support of his debut solo album Keep Moving. The tour was scheduled for two legs in Australia and the United States between July and August 2013, but as of 21 July 2013 the entire tour is cancelled.

Keep Moving (Andrew Stockdale album)
Keep Moving is the debut solo studio album by Australian hard rock musician Andrew Stockdale. Initially conceived as the third album by Stockdale's band Wolfmother, it was later announced to be a solo album after the temporary disbandment of the group in March 2013. Recorded by the then latest Wolfmother line-up between 2011 and 2013, Keep Moving was released by Universal in June 2013.
Margaret Bryan Davis
Margaret Bryan Davis (née Margaret Bryan; October 23, 1931 – May 22, 2024) was an American palynologist and paleoecologist, who used pollen data to study the vegetation history of the past 21,000 years (i.e. since the last ice age). She showed conclusively that temperate- and boreal-forest species migrated at different rates and in different directions while forming a changing mosaic of communities. Early in her career, she challenged the standard methods and prevailing interpretations of the data and fostered rigorous analysis in palynology. As a leading figure in ecology and paleoecology, she served as president of the Ecological Society of America and the American Quaternary Association and as chair of the Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior at the University of Minnesota. In 1982 she was elected to the National Academy of Sciences and, in 1993, received the Eminent Ecologist Award from the Ecological Society of America.

Paleoecology
Paleoecology (also spelled palaeoecology) is the study of interactions between organisms and/or interactions between organisms and their environments across geologic timescales. As a discipline, paleoecology interacts with, depends on and informs a variety of fields including paleontology, ecology, climatology and biology.

Paleoecology emerged from the field of paleontology in the 1950s, though paleontologists have conducted paleoecological studies since the creation of paleontology in the 1700s and 1800s. Combining the investigative approach of searching for fossils with the theoretical approach of Charles Darwin and Alexander von Humboldt, paleoecology began as paleontologists began examining both the ancient organisms they discovered and the reconstructed environments in which they lived. Visual depictions of past marine and terrestrial communities have been considered an early form of paleoecology. The term "paleo-ecology" was coined by Frederic Clements in 1916.
John Toal (broadcaster)
John Toal is a BBC Radio Ulster and BBC Radio 3 presenter.

A native of Newry he has been a radio presenter since 1989, shortly after he left Queen's University, Belfast where he read for a degree in music.

His Saturday morning radio programme won a gold award at the 2015 Phonographic Performance Ireland (PPI) Radio Awards and another gold award at the 2016 Celtic Media Festival. He has won many awards for his shows, at both the IMROs and Celtic Media Awards.  He won the Gold Award for his magazine show ‘Saturday with John Toal’ for 3 years in a row, in 2023, 2024 & 2025.  He has won 10 Gold awards in the last 11 years, making him one of the most successful presenters ever in BBC NI Radio.

On television he has presented Trad Ar Fad! and the BBC NI Last Night of the Proms.

Newry
Newry (/ˈnjʊəri/; from Irish An Iúraigh) is a city in Northern Ireland, standing on the Clanrye River in counties Down and Armagh. It is near the border with the Republic of Ireland, on the main route between Belfast (34 miles/55 km away) and Dublin (67 miles/108 km away). The population was 27,913 in 2021.

Newry was founded in 1144 as a settlement around a Cistercian abbey. In the 16th century the English dissolved the abbey and built Bagenal's Castle on the site. Newry grew as a market town and a garrison, and became a port in 1742 when the Newry Canal was opened, the first summit-level canal in Ireland. A cathedral city, it is the episcopal seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Dromore. In 2002, as part of the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II, Newry was granted city status along with Lisburn.