hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rail transport in Tanzania
Rail transport in Tanzania is run by two companies (Tanzania Railways Corporation and TAZARA). It has historically used narrow (metre) gauge trackage, but planning and construction of new standard gauge lines is underway as of 2025.

Break of gauge
With railways, a break of gauge occurs where a line of one track gauge (the distance between the rails, or between the wheels of trains designed to run on those rails) meets a line of a different gauge. Trains and rolling stock generally cannot run through without some form of conversion between gauges, leading to passengers having to change trains, and freight having to be transloaded or transshipped. That can cause delays, added costs, and inconvenience to those travelling on affected routes.
731st Air Mobility Squadron
The 731st Air Mobility Squadron (731 AMS) is an air mobility squadron of the United States Air Force based at Osan Air Base in South Korea. It is part of the 515th Air Mobility Operations Group, based at Yokota Air Base, Japan and the 515th Air Mobility Operations Wing, based at Hickam Air Force Base, Hawaii.

515th Air Mobility Operations Wing
The 515th Air Mobility Operations Wing is part of Air Mobility Command stationed at Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam, Hawaii.  It was activated in 2008. It coordinates logistical air movements into, out of, and throughout the Pacific. It is part of the United States Air Force Expeditionary Center.
Beni Guil
Beni Guil (Arabic: بني 
ݣيل, romanized: Banī Gīl) is an Arab tribe in Morocco, and are mostly nomadic Bedouins. In the 10th century, after migrating from the Arabian Peninsula, the tribe was given the right of grazing on the land of east Morocco and west Algeria by Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah, the Arab Fatimid caliph of North Africa.

The tribe had a population of 54,000 people in 1994, and they inhabit a vast desert territory in eastern Morocco of 25,000 square kilometres. They remain as Morocco's largest livestock farmers and they raise as many as 600,000 sheep, 200,000 goats, and 11,000 cattle in an average yield-year.

Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah
Abu Tamim Ma'ad al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah (Arabic: أبو تميم معد المعزّ لدين الله, romanized: Abū Tamīm Maʿad al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh, lit. 'Glorifier of the Religion of God'; 26 September 932 – 19 December 975) was the fourth Fatimid caliph and the 14th Ismaili imam, reigning from 953 to 975. It was during his caliphate that the center of power of the Fatimid dynasty was moved from Ifriqiya (modern Tunisia) to Egypt. The Fatimids founded the city of Cairo (al-Qāhirah, "the Victorious") in 969 as the new capital of the Fatimid Caliphate in Egypt during his reign. The Al-Mu'izz Street in Cairo is named after him, it is considrered to be the most important historical street in Cairo and it includes monumental buildings from the Fatimid era as well as the later Ayyubid, Memluk and Ottoman eras.
Whibley
Whibley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Whibley (1859–1930), English literary journalist and author

Avril Lavigne-Whibley (born 1984), Canadian singer and songwriter

Deryck Whibley (born 1980), Canadian musician and producer

Ethel Whibley (1861–1920), secretary and model to the artist Whistler

Fred Whibley (1855–1919), English island trader

John Whibley (1891–1972), English footballer

Leonard Whibley (1864–1941), English classical scholar

Deryck Whibley
Deryck Jason Whibley (born March 21, 1980), also known by the stage name Bizzy D, is a Canadian musician, best known as the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, keyboardist, main songwriter, producer, co-founder, and only constant member of the rock band Sum 41.
Homayoun Salimi
Homayoun Salimi (همايون سليمی  in Persian; born 1948) is an Iranian Painter, Printmaker and academic, born in Tehran, Iran. He was the head of Department of Painting at Tehran University of Art in Tehran. He is one of the foremost exponents of the geometric abstract style in Iran.

University of Art
Iran University of Art (Persian: دانشگاه هنر ایران, Daneshgah-e Honar-e Iran) (former "Tehran University of Art and formally Art Academic Complex (1979-1991)), is the largest art university in Iran, consisting of seven faculties and an international campus in Tehran and its suburb Karaj. It is composed of five former separate academic institutions: the Conservatory of Music (founded 1918), the College of National Music (founded 1949), the College of Decorative Arts (founded 1960), the College of Dramatic Arts (founded 1964), and Farabi University (founded 1975).
Boguefala Creek
Boguefala Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Mississippi, flowing through the eastern part of Mooreville.

Boguefala Creek is a name derived from either the Choctaw language or Chickasaw language and it most likely means "long creek".

Chickasaw language
The Chickasaw language (Chikashshanompaꞌ, Chickasaw pronunciation: [tʃikaʃːanompaʔ]) is a Native American language of the Muskogean family.  It is agglutinative and follows the word order pattern of subject–object–verb (SOV). The language is closely related to, though perhaps not entirely mutually intelligible with, Choctaw. It is spoken by the Chickasaw tribe, now residing in Southeast Oklahoma, centered on Ada.

The language is currently spoken by around 50 people, mostly Chickasaw elders who grew up with the language. Due to boarding schools in the 20th century and Chickasaw removal from their homeland in the 19th century, the widespread knowledge about the language and culture amongst the nation has largely decreased.
Kane Lambert
Kane Lambert (born 26 November 1991) is a former professional Australian rules football player who played for the Richmond Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He went undrafted after a junior career with the Northern Knights in the TAC Cup, before a four-year stint at state-league level that included being named in the VFL's team of the year and receiving the league's most improved player award in 2013. Lambert was drafted to Richmond in the 2015 rookie draft and made his debut for the club in round 1 of the 2015 season. He is a triple-premiership player with the club, having played in grand final wins in 2017, 2019 and 2020.

Fothergill–Round–Mitchell Medal
The Fothergill–Round–Mitchell Medal is a Victorian Football League (VFL) award that is presented to the most promising young talent in the VFL competition (previously the Victorian Football Association until 1995).

The medal has been awarded annually since 1989. It was originally named the Fothergill–Round Medal after Des Fothergill and Barry Round, who at the time were the only two players to have won both the J. J. Liston Trophy (or one of its predecessors) and the Brownlow Medal; it was renamed the Fothergill–Round–Mitchell Medal in 2018 to also recognise Sam Mitchell, the third player to achieve the feat.
Tunnel A1 (Ivan)
Tunnel A1 (Ivan) is a tunnel part of the A1 motorway in Bosnia and Herzegovina built by Autocesta FBiH. In January 2020 the first digging has been confirmed to have begun in the Herzegovina side of the tunnel. A total of 340,000,000 Euros (664,9 million KM) have been invested in the project to build the tunnel along with 11,4 million Euros for other expenses.

The project is part of newly built A1 motorway section Tarčin-Ivan.

The tunnel was expected to be completed by May 2022.

On October 31, 2022, following the completion of the Tarčin-Ivan motorway section, the tunnel opened along with the newly completed section.

Herzegovina
Herzegovina (/ˌhɛərtsɪˈɡoʊvɪnə/ HAIRT-sih-GOH-vih-nə or /ˌhɜːrtsəɡoʊˈviːnə/ HURT-sə-goh-VEE-nə; Serbo-Croatian: Hercegovina / Херцеговина, pronounced [xɛ̌rt͡se̞ɡoʋina]) is the southern and smaller of two main geographical regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being Bosnia. It presently [when?] does not have strictly defined administrative borders; however, in the past it was organized as Sanjak of Herzegovina (1470–1833; 1851–1912) and Herzegovina Eyalet (1830–1851).

Bosnia, the larger of the two regions, lies to the north of Herzegovina; the Croatian region of Dalmatia lies to the southwest; the Montenegrin region of Old Herzegovina lies to the southeast. The land area of Herzegovina is around 12,000 km2 (4,600 sq mi), or around 23–24% of the country. The largest city is Mostar, in the center of the region. Other large settlements include Trebinje, Široki Brijeg, Ljubuški, Čapljina, Konjic and Posušje.
Smartt, Tennessee
Smartt is an unincorporated community in Warren County, Tennessee, United States. Smartt is located along Tennessee State Route 55 and the Caney Fork and Western Railroad 4.5 miles (7.2 km) southwest of McMinnville. Smartt has a post office with ZIP code 37378.

Smartt has been said to have the strangest town name in the state of Tennessee.

Place names considered unusual
Place names considered unusual can include those which are also offensive words, inadvertently humorous (especially if mispronounced) or highly charged words, as well as place names of unorthodox spelling and pronunciation, including especially short or long names. These names often have an unintended effect or double-meaning when read by someone who speaks another language.
Brenchley Wood
Brenchley Wood is a 15-hectare (37-acre) nature reserve south of Paddock Wood in Kent. It is managed by the Kent Wildlife Trust, and it is part of the High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

This ancient wood is dominated by mature beech and oak trees, with birds such as nightingales and tawny owls. A former pine plantation in the north of the site is now being restored to heathland.

There is access at the junction of Romford Road and Foxhole Lane.

High Weald National Landscape
The High Weald National Landscape is in south-east England. Covering an area of 1,450 square kilometres (560 sq mi), it takes up parts of Kent, 
Surrey, East Sussex, and West Sussex. It is the fourth largest Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) in England and Wales. It has an attractive landscape with a mosaic of small farms and woodlands, historic parks, sunken lanes and ridge-top villages.

The area consists of 99 parishes and a total population of approximately 120,000 persons. The main communities are Royal Tunbridge Wells, Crowborough, Hastings and Haywards Heath.
Cooper MacNeil
Cooper Ian MacNeil (born September 7, 1992 in Hinsdale, Illinois) is an American businessman and retired professional racecar driver. He most recently competed in the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship driving the No. 79 WeatherTech Racing Mercedes-Benz AMG GT3 with co-drivers Dani Juncadella, Maro Engel, and Jules Gounon. He is son of WeatherTech owner and car collector David MacNeil. Cooper has won the 24 Hours of Daytona, Petit Le Mans three times, 12 hours of Sebring twice, and has been on the podium at the 24 Hours of Le Mans three times (2x third place, 1x second place). He has also won the SCCA Runoffs and is a 4 time Ferrari Challenge Champion (2018, 2019, 2020, 2021).

Hinsdale, Illinois
Hinsdale is a village in DuPage County, Illinois, United States, with a small portion in Cook County. It is one of the wealthiest communities in Illinois and in the United States. Hinsdale is a western suburb of Chicago with a population of 17,395 in the 2020 census.
2018 Stratosphere 200
The 2018 Stratosphere 200 was the third stock car race of the 2018 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series season, and the 22nd iteration of the event. The race was held on Friday, March 2 in North Las Vegas, Nevada at Las Vegas Motor Speedway, a 1.5 miles (2.4 km) permanent D-shaped oval racetrack. The race took the scheduled 134 laps to complete. In a late race restart, Kyle Busch of Kyle Busch Motorsports was able to hold off a charging Sauter and Moffitt for the last 11 laps to win the race, the 50th NASCAR Camping World Truck Series win of his career and the first of the season. To fill out the rest of the podium, Johnny Sauter of GMS Racing and Brett Moffitt of Hattori Racing Enterprises finished 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Brett Moffitt
Brett Bradley Moffitt (born August 7, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 1 Toyota Tundra TRD Pro for Tricon Garage and the No. 4 Chevrolet Silverado RST for Hettinger Racing and part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 19 Toyota GR Supra for Joe Gibbs Racing.

Moffitt won Rookie of the Year Honors in 2015 in the NASCAR Cup Series and won the 2018 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series Championship.
Djoully Nzoko
Djoully Nzoko (born 11 October 2007) is a Finnish professional football player who plays as a winger for Challenger Pro League club Jong Genk. He started his professional senior career with Inter Turku in 2024 aged 16.

Veikkausliiga
Veikkausliiga (Finnish: [ˈʋei̯kːɑusˌliːɡɑ]) is a professional association football league in Finland and the highest level of the Finnish football league system. The league comprises the top 12 clubs of the country. Its main sponsor is the Finnish national betting agency Veikkaus, hence the league's name. Veikkausliiga was founded in 1990; before that the top division was called Mestaruussarja (championship series) since 1930 which was an amateur or semi-professional league. Between 1908 and 1930 the championship was decided as a knock-out cup competition.
2020 Boston Uprising season
The 2020 Boston Uprising season was the third season of Boston Uprising's existence in the Overwatch League and their first under head coach Vytis "Mineral" Lasaitis. Boston planned to host two homestand weekends in the 2020 season at Citizens Bank Opera House in Boston, but all homestand matches were canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Uprising qualified for one midseason tournament, the Summer Showdown, in the 2020 season but were eliminated by the Washington Justice in the knockouts round. The Uprising ended the season with 2 wins and 19 losses in the regular season and were eliminated from postseason contention after losing to the Atlanta Reign in the North America Play-in tournament.

Overwatch Contenders
Overwatch Contenders (OWC) was an international esports league for the video game Overwatch organized by Blizzard Entertainment. The series acts as the development league for aspiring Overwatch League (OWL) professionals. Founded in 2017, Contenders was created in part to consolidate existing regional tournaments into a structure to support the Overwatch League, including the Overwatch Apex tournament, Overwatch Premier Series, and Overwatch Pacific Championship.

Overwatch Contenders ceased operations in 2024, coinciding with the end of the Overwatch League.
Canada at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Canada competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, held from 15 September to 1 October 2000. 294 competitors, 150 men, and 144 women, took part in 175 events in 29 sports.

The final days of the Olympics for Canada were somewhat overshadowed by the death of Pierre Trudeau, the country's 15th prime minister. When the closing ceremonies took place, he was lying in state, allowing Canadians to travel to Ottawa to pay their respects.

Olympic scholar Bob Barney felt that Canada needed to specialize in the Olympics, rather than trying to be compete at too many sports. He also that felt that Canada's medal count at the 2000 Summer Olympics, was due to a lack of government funding, and poor planning to develop high performance athletes.

Death and state funeral of Pierre Trudeau
The death and state funeral of Pierre Trudeau took place in 2000. Pierre Trudeau was the 15th prime minister of Canada, serving from 1968 to 1984, with a brief interruption in 1979–1980. Trudeau died on September 28, 2000. His casket lay in state on Parliament Hill from September 30 to October 1 and the following day at Montreal City Hall. On October 3, a state funeral was held at Notre-Dame Basilica in Montreal.
Canine coronavirus HuPn-2018
Canine coronavirus HuPn-2018, or CCoV-HuPn-2018, is a virus first discovered in a surveillance study in Sarawak, Malaysia, in hospitalized human pneumonia patients. It may be the eighth coronavirus known to cause disease in humans, but no human-to-human transmission has been seen. This is a canine-feline recombinant alphacoronavirus (genotype II) related to the CCoV-II strain of Alphacoronavirus suis with part of the FCoV in S2 domain and a specific 12 amino acids deletion in the N protein.

CCoV-HuPn-2018 was later seen in a University of Florida researcher who had just returned from Haiti.

Coronavirus nucleocapsid protein
The nucleocapsid (N) protein is a protein that packages the positive-sense RNA genome of coronaviruses to form ribonucleoprotein structures enclosed within the viral capsid. In addition to its interactions with RNA, N forms protein-protein interactions with the coronavirus membrane protein (M) during the process of viral assembly. N also has additional functions in manipulating the cell cycle of the host cell. The N protein is highly immunogenic, with antibodies to the N protein found in the majority of patients recovered from SARS and COVID-19. In COVID-19 specifically, the rate at which patients develop anti-N antibodies is estimated at 80%. This proportion varies depending on the measurement methodology utilized and typically increases in correlation with disease severity.
Manfred Baum
Manfred Baum (born 15 April 1939 in Cologne) is a German philosopher and second chairman of the German Kant Society. In 1993, he was appointed professor of philosophy at the University of Wuppertal, where he continues to teach after his retirement.

His research focuses on the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. However, ancient philosophy, the Enlightenment, German Idealism, and Marxist theory have also regularly been the subjects of his publications and teaching.

University of Wuppertal
The University of Wuppertal (Universität Wuppertal) is a German scientific institution located in Wuppertal in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

The university's official name in German is Bergische Universität Wuppertal or BUW, founded in 1972. Around 2014 to 2015, approximately 20,000 students were enrolled in a wide range of subjects with many interdisciplinary linkages between a total of seven faculties.
145th Georgia General Assembly
The first regular session of the 145th General Assembly of the U.S. state of Georgia met from Monday, January 11, 1999, at 10:00 am, to Wednesday, March 24, at which time both houses adjourned sine die.

The second regular session of the Georgia General Assembly opened at 10:00 am on Monday, January 10, 2000, and adjourned sine die on Wednesday, March 22, 2000.

Adjournment sine die
Adjournment sine die (Latin for 'without a date') is the conclusion of a meeting by a deliberative assembly, such as a legislature or organizational board, without setting a date to reconvene. The assembly can reconvene, either in its present form or a reconstituted form, if preexisting laws and rules provide for this; otherwise, the adjournment effectively dissolves the assembly.

A court may also adjourn a matter sine die, which means that the matter is stayed until further notice. In a sine die adjournment of this type, the hearing stands open indefinitely, and could theoretically be resumed if the situation changed.
Kaltasy
Kaltasy (Russian: Калтасы) is the name of two rural localities in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia:

Kaltasy, Kaltasinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a selo in Kaltasinsky District

Kaltasy, Karaidelsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a village in Karaidelsky District

Kaltasy, Kaltasinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Kaltasy (Russian: Калтасы, Bashkir: Ҡалтасы, Qaltası) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kaltasinsky District in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. Population:  4,418 (2010 Census); 4,445 (2002 Census); 4,121 (1989 Soviet census).
Ashton-under-Lyne (UK Parliament constituency)
Ashton-under-Lyne is a constituency in Greater Manchester that was created in 1832. It has been represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament by Angela Rayner of the Labour Party since 2015. Rayner served as Deputy Prime Minister and Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government in the cabinet of Keir Starmer from July 2024, and was elected as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party in 2020, serving in all positions until her resignation in September 2025.

Deputy Leader of the Labour Party (UK)
The Deputy Leader of the Labour Party is the second-highest ranking politician in the Labour Party of the United Kingdom. The current deputy leader is  Lucy Powell.

In the event of the Labour Party Leader's resignation, the Deputy Leader will serve as Acting Leader until the election of a successor. It is generally expected that the Deputy will act as Leader in the House of Commons in scenarios where the Leader is otherwise unavailable.
USS Inca
USS Inca is a name used more than once by the U.S. Navy:

USS Inca (1898), a screw steamer, was built in 1898 by George Lawley & Son, South Boston, Massachusetts.

USS Inca (1911), a steam ferry, was built for the Navy by Herreshoff Manufacturing Co., Bristol, Rhode Island, in 1911.

USS Inca (SP-1212), a motor boat, built in 1917 by Herreshoff Manufacturing Co., Bristol, Rhode Island.

USS Inca (ID-3219), an iron tugboat, was built in 1879 by J. H. Dialogue & Sons, Camden, New Jersey.

USS Inca (IX-229), an unclassified miscellaneous vessel, would have been the fifth ship of the United States Navy to be named for the Inca Empire if she had received that name.

USS Inca (IX-229)
USS Inca, a 3,381-ton (light displacement) "Liberty" ship, was launched in March 1943 in Los Angeles, California, and entered merchant service later the same month as SS William B. Allison, MCE hull 724. Two years later she would be taken into US Navy as a stores ship and renamed USS Inca (IX-229). For much of her service as Inca she was also named USS Gamage (IX-227) because of bureaucratic confusion.
Those Barren Leaves
Those Barren Leaves is a satirical novel by Aldous Huxley, published in 1925. The title is derived from the poem "The Tables Turned" by William Wordsworth which ends with the words:

Enough of Science and of Art;

Close up those barren leaves;

Come forth, and bring with you a heart

That watches and receives.

It is the story of Mrs. Aldwinkle and her entourage, members of a cultural elite who are gathered in an Italian palace to relive the glories of the Renaissance.

The work entered the public domain in the United States in 2021, but remains under copyright until 2034 in countries that follow the 70-year post-mortem rule.

William Wordsworth
William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was an English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads (1798).

Wordsworth's magnum opus is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semi-autobiographical poem of his early years that he revised and expanded a number of times. It was posthumously titled and published by his wife in the year of his death, before which it was generally known as "The Poem to Coleridge".

Wordsworth was Poet Laureate from 1843 until his death from pleurisy on 23 April 1850. He remains one of the most recognizable names in English poetry and was a key figure of the Romantic poets.