hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Parliamentary Elections Act 1770
The Parliamentary Elections Act 1770 (10 Geo. 3. c. 16) (also known as the Grenville Act) is an act of the Parliament of Great Britain. The Act transferred the power of trying election petitions from the House of Commons as a whole to a less politicised committee of the House. All contested elections were to be considered by a committee of thirteen members selected by ballot. The Act was initially limited to one year, but was extended several times. A bill was passed in 1774 to make it perpetual – by that time five cases had already been tried.

This act was repealed by section 1 of the Controverted Elections Act 1828 (9 Geo. 4. c. 22).

Parliament of Great Britain
The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts ratified the treaty of Union which created a new unified Kingdom of Great Britain and created the parliament of Great Britain located in the former home of the English parliament in the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. This lasted nearly a century, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate British and Irish Parliaments into a single Parliament of the United Kingdom with effect from 1 January 1801.
Penny Broadhurst
Penny Broadhurst (born 21 October 1980 in Harrogate, Yorkshire), is a British pop singer, songwriter, writer and spoken word artist from the north of England. She listed Kate Bush, Doctor Who, Prefab Sprout, Lloyd Cole, Belle & Sebastian, Kirsty MacColl and The Smiths among her many influences. She ceased all use of this name for creative work in late 2009 and has changed her name in private life.

Belle and Sebastian
Belle and Sebastian are a Scottish indie pop band formed in Glasgow in 1994. Led by Stuart Murdoch, Belle and Sebastian have released twelve studio albums. The band are often compared with acts such as the Smiths and Nick Drake. Belle and Sebastian took their name from a short story Murdoch had written about a boy and girl, whose title was a play on the 1965 television series Belle and Sebastian.
Scaphinotus andrewsii
Scaphinotus andrewsii is a ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America, living in moist areas and primarily predate on snails.

They are known for their dark, black exoskeleton and somewhat elongated head and thorax.

Exoskeleton
An exoskeleton (from Ancient Greek  έξω (éxō) 'outer' and  σκελετός (skeletós) 'skeleton') is a skeleton that is on the exterior of an animal in the form of hardened integument, which both supports the body's shape and protects the internal organs, in contrast to an internal endoskeleton (e.g. that of a human) which is enclosed underneath other soft tissues. Some large, hard and non-flexible protective exoskeletons are known as shell or armour.

Examples of exoskeletons in animals include the cuticle skeletons shared by arthropods (insects, chelicerates, myriapods and crustaceans) and tardigrades, as well as the skeletal cups formed by hardened secretion of stony corals, the test/tunic of sea squirts and sea urchins, and the prominent mollusc shell shared by snails, clams, tusk shells, chitons and nautilus. Some vertebrate animals, such as the turtle, have both an endoskeleton and a protective exoskeleton.
Songkhram River
The Songkhram River (Thai: แม่น้ำสงคราม, RTGS: Maenam Songkhram, pronounced [mɛ̂ː.náːm sǒŋ.kʰrāːm]; Northeastern Thai: แม่น้ำสงคราม, pronounced [mɛ̄ː.nȁːm sǒŋ.kâːm]) is a tributary of the Mekong River. It originates in the hills between Nong Han District, Udon Thani Province and Sawang Daen Din District, Sakon Nakhon Province. It flows through Seka District (Nong Khai Province), Wanon Niwat (Sakon Nakhon Province), and Si Songkhram District and empties into the Mekong River in tambon Chai Buri, Tha Uthen District, Nakhon Phanom Province. It is 420 kilometres (260 mi) long.

The Songkhram is one of the more important but lesser known rivers in Thailand's northeast. It is the last Mekong tributary in Thailand free of developments blocking river flow. Fish can swim freely into the Songkhram River from the Mekong and use it as a spawning ground. This replenishes the fish stocks that are an indispensable food source for inhabitants of the Mekong region.

Sawang Daen Din district
Sawang Daen Din (Thai: สว่างแดนดิน, pronounced [sā.wàːŋ dɛ̄ːn dīn]; Northeastern Thai: สว่างแดนดิน, pronounced [sā.wāːŋ dɛ̀ːn dìn]) is a district (amphoe) in the western part of Sakon Nakhon province, northeast Thailand.
Cranham Brickfields
Cranham Brickfields is an 8.5 hectare Local Nature Reserve and a Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation, Grade I, in Cranham in the London Borough of Havering. It has an area of woodland with a pond, wildflower meadows, and a grassed area with a playground. The site was formerly used for excavating clay to make bricks, and during the Second World War vegetables were cultivated as part of the Dig for Victory campaign. Wildlife includes bullfinches, great crested newts, stag beetles and green hairstreak butterflies.  There is also dyer's greenweed, which is rare in London.

There is access from Sunnycroft Gardens and Limerick Gardens. The London, Tilbury and Southend line runs along the northern edge of the site, and a footpath under the railway leads to St Mary's Lane.

Genista tinctoria
Genista tinctoria, the dyer's greenweed or dyer's broom, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. Its other common names include dyer's whin, waxen woad and waxen wood. The Latin specific epithet tinctoria means "used as a dye".
Alano Español
The Alano Español or Spanish Bulldog is a Spanish breed of medium to large sized dog of alaunt or bulldog type. It has at various times been used as a war dog, for bullfighting, for the management of cattle, for hunting and as a guard dog.: 498

In the later twentieth century it became an endangered breed; a recovery project was launched, and numbers have since recovered. It was officially recognised under national law in 2004.

Rare breed
In modern agriculture, a rare breed is a breed of poultry or livestock that has a very small breeding population, usually from a few hundred to a few thousand. Because of their small numbers, rare breeds may have a threatened conservation status, and they may be protected under regional laws. Many countries have organizations devoted to the protection and promotion of rare breeds, for which they each have their own definition. In botany and horticulture, the parallel to rare animal breeds are heirloom plants, which are rare cultivars.
Tveito
Tveito is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aslak Tveito (born 1961), Norwegian scientist

Dagfinn Tveito (1927–2015), Norwegian magazine editor

Einar Tveito (1890–1958), Norwegian actor

Aslak Tveito
Aslak Tveito (born 17 February 1961) is a Norwegian scientist in the field of numerical analysis and scientific computing. Tveito was the Managing Director of the Simula Research Laboratory, a Norwegian research center owned by the Norwegian Government, and is Professor of Scientific Computing at the University of Oslo.
Khurramites
The Khurramites (Persian: خرمدینان Khurram-Dīnân, meaning "those of the Joyful Religion") were an Iranian religious and political movement with roots in the Zoroastrian movement of Mazdakism. An alternative name for the movement is the Muhammira (Arabic: محمرة, "Red-Wearing Ones"; in Persian: سرخ‌جامگان Surkh-Jâmagân), a reference to their symbolic red dress.

According to Abdülbaki Gölpınarlı, the Qizilbash ("Red-Heads"') of the 16th century – a religious and political movement in Iranian Azerbaijan that helped to establish the Safavid dynasty – have been described as "spiritual descendants of the Khurramites".

Ardabil
Ardabil (Persian: اردبیل, pronunciationⓘ) is a city in northwestern Iran. It is in the Central District of Ardabil County, Ardabil province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district.

The city of Ardabil lies close to the borders of the Republic of Azerbaijan, 40 kilometers from the village of Diqo.

As of the 2022 census, Ardabil's population was 588,000. The population of Ardabil County is about 650,000 with the majority Shia Muslim.

For a brief period in the 10th century, Ardabil was the principal city of Azerbaijan, but it was eventually replaced by Tabriz.

Ardabil is known for its trade in silk and carpets. Ardabil rugs are renowned and the ancient Ardabil carpets are considered among the best of classical Persian carpets. Ardabil is also home to a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Sheikh Safi al-Din Khanegah and Shrine Ensemble, the sanctuary and tomb of Shaikh Safi ad-Din, and the tomb of Ismail I, founder of the Safavid Empire.
KK Smederevo 1953
Košarkaški klub Smederevo 1953 (Serbian Cyrillic: Кошаркашки клуб Смедерево 1953), commonly referred to as KK Smederevo 1953, is a men's basketball club based in Smederevo, Serbia. The club currently plays in the Second Regional League of Serbia  (4th-tier).

Smederevo
Smederevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Смедерево, pronounced [smêdereʋo] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative center of the Podunavlje District in eastern Serbia. It is situated on the right bank of the Danube, about 45 kilometres (28 miles) downstream of the Serbian capital, Belgrade.

According to the 2022 census, the city has a population of 59,261, with 97,930 people living in its administrative area.

Its history starts in the 1st century BC, after the conquest of the Roman Empire, when there existed a settlement by the name of Vinceia. The modern city traces its roots back to the Late Middle Ages when it was the capital (1430–39, and 1444–59) of the last independent Serbian state before Ottoman conquest.

Smederevo is said to be the city of iron (гвожђе / gvožđe) and grapes (грожђе / grožđe).
Julio Utrilla Cano
Julio Utrilla Cano (born March 5, 1967) is a Spanish politician and a member of the Congress of Deputies for the Vox party.

Cano studied at the Technical University of Madrid and is a mining engineer by profession. Cano has also been a national coordinator for Vox. In November 2019, he was elected to the Congress of Deputies representing the Valencia constituency. In the Congress, he sits on the committees for technology and security.

Technical University of Madrid
The Technical University of Madrid or sometimes called Polytechnic University of Madrid (Spanish: Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, UPM) is a public university, located in Madrid, Spain. It was founded in 1971 as the result of merging different Technical Schools of Engineering and Architecture, originating mainly in the 18th century. Over 35,000 students attend classes during the year.

The UPM is part of the TIME network, which groups fifty engineering schools throughout Europe.
Brandon Castle
Brandon Castle was sited overlooking the River Avon between the virtually adjacent villages of Brandon and Wolston in Warwickshire, which in turn lie between the town of Rugby and city of Coventry (grid reference SP408759).

It was originally a 12th-century earthwork motte and bailey fortress founded by Geoffrey de Clinton. Around 1226 the de Verdon family founded the stone castle consisting of the keep and a large outer enclosure. It is said to have been 'pulled down' (slighted) by the baronial troops from Kenilworth Castle in 1265 because John de Verdon was an active supporter of the king.

Only low earthworks and some masonry are now visible.

The site is a scheduled ancient monument. It has been placed on the Heritage at Risk Register due to the risks from scrub and tree growth, and its condition is declining.

Slighting
Slighting is the deliberate damage of high-status buildings to reduce their value as military, administrative, or social structures. This destruction of property is sometimes extended to the contents of buildings and the surrounding landscape. It is a phenomenon with complex motivations and was often used as a tool of control. Slighting spanned cultures and periods, with especially well-known examples from the English Civil War in the 17th century.
Unmu-do
Unmu-do is an 80 ha island in the north-eastern Yellow Sea lying about 19 km off the western coast of North Korea.  The site has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports endangered black-faced spoonbills.

Yellow Sea
The Yellow Sea (simplified Chinese: 黄海; traditional Chinese: 黃海; pinyin: Huáng Hǎi; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄞˇ; Korean: 황해; Hanja: 黃海; RR: Hwanghae), also known as the North Sea, is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean located between mainland China and the Korean Peninsula, and can be considered the northwestern part of the East China Sea.
WireframeSketcher
WireframeSketcher is a wireframing tool developed by Peter Severin and first released in November 2008. WireframeSketcher software is a member of Eclipse Foundation. It is used for creating wireframes, mockups and prototypes for desktop, web and mobile applications. It allows the designer to create screens by arranging pre-built widgets using a drag-and-drop WYSIWYG editor and then organize screens into interactive storyboards. The application is offered in a desktop version as well as a plug-in for any Eclipse IDE such as Flash Builder, ColdFusion Builder, Aptana, MyEclipse and Zend Studio. WireframeSketcher is a general purpose tool, but it also provides specialized widget libraries for Android, iOS and Windows Phone.

WYSIWYG
In computing, WYSIWYG (/ˈwɪziwɪɡ/ WIZ-ee-wig; what you see is what you get) is software that allows content to be edited in a form that resembles its appearance when printed or displayed as a finished product, such as a printed document, web page, or slide presentation. WYSIWYG implies a user interface that allows the user to view something very similar to the result while the document is being created. In general, WYSIWYG implies the ability to directly manipulate the layout of a document without having to type or remember names of layout commands.
Siva Vaidhyanathan
Siva Vaidhyanathan (born 1966) is an American cultural historian and media scholar, and the Robertson professor of Media Studies at the University of Virginia. Vaidhyanathan is a permanent columnist at The Guardian and Slate; he is also a frequent contributor on media and cultural issues in various periodicals including The Chronicle of Higher Education, New York Times Magazine, The Nation, Slate, and The Baffler. He directs the Center for Media and Citizenship at the University of Virginia, which produces a television show, a radio program, several podcasts, and the Virginia Quarterly Review.

The Baffler
The Baffler is an American magazine of cultural, political, and business analysis.  Established in 1988 by editors Thomas Frank and Keith White, it was headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, until 2010, when it moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts.  In 2016, it moved its headquarters to New York City. The first incarnation of The Baffler had up to 12,000 subscribers.

As of 2016, the magazine and its collections of essays were distributed through bookstores in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom.
Berthin Brook
The Berthin Brook is a minor right bank tributary of the River Usk in Monmouthshire, in south Wales. Flowing north from New Inn initially, it turns east at Little Mill to flow along a former glacial meltwater channel past the former Royal Ordnance Factory site (now BAE Systems) at Glascoed and by Rhadyr to join the major river 1 km north of the town of Usk. At the height of the last ice age (the Devensian), the Usk valley glacier reached as far down the Usk valley as Little Mill and sediment-laden meltwater created a valley sandur over which the post-glacial Berthin Brook now flows.

Glascoed
Glascoed (Welsh: Glasgoed) is a village in Monmouthshire, south east Wales. It is 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Pontypool and 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Usk.

Glascoed is mostly associated with the Royal Ordnance Factory nearby at ROF Glascoed. Llandegveth Reservoir is nearby. Its name is derived from the Welsh words "glas" (meaning gray, green) and "coed" (wood).
Network affiliate
A network affiliate (also known by various terms) is a local broadcaster, owned by a company other than the owner of the network, that carries some or all of the lineup of television programs or radio programs of a television or radio network. This distinguishes such a television or radio station from an owned-and-operated station (O&O), which is owned by the parent network.

Notwithstanding this distinction, it is common in informal speech (even for networks or O&Os themselves) to refer to any station, O&O or otherwise, that carries a particular network's programming as an affiliate, or to refer to the status of carrying such programming in a given market as an "affiliation".

WTRF-TV
WTRF-TV (channel 7) is a television station licensed to Wheeling, West Virginia, United States, serving the Wheeling, West Virginia–Steubenville, Ohio market as an affiliate of CBS, MyNetworkTV, and ABC. The station is owned by Nexstar Media Group and maintains studios on 16th Street in downtown Wheeling; its transmitter is located in Bridgeport, Ohio.

WTRF-TV was the first station to specifically serve Wheeling and Steubenville, beginning broadcasting in 1953. It was originally an NBC affiliate before switching to CBS in January 1980. In the 2000s, it expanded to add two new subchannel services.
Arthur season 9
The ninth season of the television series Arthur was originally broadcast on PBS Kids Go! in the United States from December 27, 2004, to April 8, 2005, and contains 10 episodes. Cameron Ansell, Jessica Kardos, Eleanor Noble, and Tyler Brody-Stein replace Mark Rendall, Patricia Rodriguez, Evan Smirnow, and Aaron Grunfield as the voices of Arthur Read, Sue Ellen Armstrong, George Lundgren, and Tommy Tibble, respectively. It is also the last season to feature Alex Hood as Alan "Brain" Powers and Samuel Holden as Timmy Tibble; Paul-Stuart Brown would step in to voice the former character for a few episodes before permanently taking on the role in the next season. CINAR got rebrand by Cookie Jar Entertainment, until it got merged with DHX Media in 2012, after the 15th season.

Arthur Read
Arthur Timothy Read is a fictional anthropomorphic aardvark created by the author Marc Brown. The titular main character of the book and television series Arthur, he is in the third grade and lives in the fictional city of Elwood City with his family, which include father David, mother Jane, and sisters Dora Winifred "D.W." and Kate Read, and many friends, including his best friend Buster Baxter.

A student of Lakewood Elementary School, Arthur is characterized as an average child and the moral center within his friend group. Arthur loves the library and reading books, and loves the superhero Bionic Bunny. He is calm and friendly, but if he is pushed to his limits, he can display bouts of anger.
Rivière-à-Claude
Rivière-à-Claude (French pronunciation: [ʁivjɛʁ a klod]) is a municipality in the Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine region of the province of Quebec in Canada. In addition to Rivière-à-Claude itself, the municipality also includes the community of Ruisseau-à-Rebours.

Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine
Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine (French pronunciation: [ɡaspezi il də la madlɛn]) is an administrative region of Quebec consisting of the Gaspé Peninsula (Gaspésie) and the Îles-de-la-Madeleine.  It lies in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence at the eastern extreme of southern Quebec. The predominant economic activities are fishing, forestry and tourism.
MacLane
MacLane is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Angus MacLane, American animator, screenwriter, and voice actor

Barton MacLane (1902–1969), American actor, playwright and screenwriter

Evan MacLane (born 1982), American baseball player

Mary MacLane (1881–1929), Canadian-born American writer

Saunders Mac Lane (1909–2005), American mathematician

Mary MacLane
Mary MacLane (May 1, 1881 – c. August 6, 1929) was a controversial Canadian-born American writer whose frank memoirs helped usher in the confessional style of autobiographical writing. MacLane was known as the "Wild Woman of Butte".

MacLane was a popular author for her time, scandalizing the populace with her shocking bestselling first memoir and to a lesser extent her two following books. She was considered wild and uncontrollable, a reputation she nurtured, and was openly bisexual as well as a vocal feminist. In her writings, she compared herself to another frank young memoirist, Marie Bashkirtseff, who died a few years after MacLane was born, and H. L. Mencken called her "the Butte Bashkirtseff".
MS Europa Palace
MS  Europa Palace is a fast ropax ferry owned by Grimaldi Lines and operated by Minoan Grimaldi Lines. The ship previously named Cruise Olbia and did the Civitavecchia-Olbia route.  Built in 2001 as Superfast VI by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (HDW) in Kiel, Germany for Attica Group's subsidiary Superfast Ferries, she was sold to the Genting Group in 2013, Renamed Bimini Superfast for the Bimini-Miami route. In 2016 she was sold to her current owners.

Roll-on/roll-off
Roll-on/roll-off (RORO or ro-ro) ships are cargo ships designed to carry wheeled cargo, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, buses, trailers, and railroad cars, that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels or using a platform vehicle, such as a self-propelled modular transporter. This is in contrast to lift-on/lift-off (LoLo) vessels, which use a crane to load and unload cargo.

RORO vessels have either built-in or shore-based ramps or ferry slips that allow the cargo to be efficiently rolled on and off the vessel when in port. While smaller ferries that operate across rivers and other short distances often have built-in ramps, the term RORO is generally reserved for large seagoing vessels. The ramps and doors may be located in the stern, bow, or sides, or any combination thereof.
You're So Strong
"You're So Strong" is a song by Australian pop rock band Mental As Anything, released in 1985 through Regular Records. It was released from the band's fifth studio album Fundamental The song was written by vocalist/keyboardist Greedy Smith. The song first charted on 25 March 1985, peaked at No. 11  on the Kent Music Report, and stayed in the charts for eighteen weeks.

Kent Music Report
The Kent Music Report was a weekly record chart of Australian music singles and albums which was compiled by music historian David Kent from May 1974 through to January 1999. The chart was re-branded the Australian Music Report (AMR) in July 1987. From June 1988, the Australian Recording Industry Association, which had been using the top 50 portion of the report under licence since mid-1983, chose to produce their own listing as the ARIA Charts.

Before the Kent Report, Go-Set magazine published weekly Top 40 Singles from 1966, and albums chart from 1970 until the magazine's demise in August 1974.

David Kent later published Australian charts from 1940 to 1973 in a retrospective fashion, using state by state chart data obtained from various Australian radio stations.
Shakin, Volgograd Oblast
Shakin (Russian: Шакин) is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Shakinskoye Rural Settlement, Kumylzhensky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 635 as of 2010. There are 15 streets.

Kumylzhensky District
Kumylzhensky District (Russian: Кумылженский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Kumylzhensky Municipal District. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,977 square kilometers (1,149 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a stanitsa) of Kumylzhenskaya. Population: 21,425 (2010 Census); 23,499 (2002 Census); 23,647 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kumylzhenskaya accounts for 37.1% of the district's total population.