hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Keramat (shrine)
A keramat, or kramat, is a type of shrine originally located in the Malay Peninsula and usually associated with pseudo-Islamic beliefs. A typical shrine consists of a grave that is venerated by devotees. Such shrines can be found primarily in Singapore and Indonesia, with a lesser extent in Malaysia and South Africa. Keramat can be situated in cemeteries, mosques and even by itself as roadside shrines.

Shirk (Islam)
Shirk (Arabic: شِرْك, lit. 'association') in Islam is a sin often roughly translated as 'idolatry' or 'polytheism', but more accurately meaning 'association [with God]'. It refers to accepting other divinities or powers alongside God as associates. In contrast, Islam teaches that God does not share divine attributes with anyone, as it is disallowed according to the Islamic doctrine of tawhid. The Quran, the central religious text of Islam, states in 4:48 that God will not forgive shirk if one dies without repenting of it.

The one who commits shirk is called a mushrik. The opposite of shirk is tawhid and the opposite of mushrik is muwahhid.
Bombus steindachneri
Bombus steindachneri is a species of bumblebee. It is endemic to Mexico.

This bee lives in pine-oak forests, thorn forest, and tropical dry forest habitat. It occurs at sea level to elevations around 2600 meters. It is active year-round.

This is an endangered species on the IUCN Red List. Threats include habitat loss to agriculture, including cattle ranching, and associated chemical use. It is also impacted by urbanization, mining, and loss of the native flora.

Thorn forest
A thorn forest is a dense scrubland with vegetation characteristic of dry subtropical and warm temperate areas with monsoonal rainfall averaging 300 to 700 mm (12 to 28 in). The trees are often 6 to 10 m (20 to 33 ft), widely spaced, and have thick bark, small leaves, or spines to reduce water loss and protect themselves from grazing animals. Common plants include acacias, euphorbias, date palms and cacti (in the Americas). Thorn forests are generally transition zones between deserts and more fertile tropical/subtropical deciduous forests.
Irina Maracheva
Irina Maracheva (born 29 September 1984) is a Russian athlete who competes in middle-distance running events. She has a personal best time of 1:57.82 minutes at the 800 metres.

Maracheva won the bronze medal at the 2012 European Athletics Championships in Helsinki at the 800 metres event.

On 25 January 2016 it was announced that she had been banned from competition for doping for 2 years by the Russian Olympic Committee.

2012 European Athletics Championships
The 2012 European Athletics Championships were held in Helsinki, Finland between 27 June and 1 July 2012. This edition marks the beginning of a new two-year cycle of the European Athletics Championships which were previously held every four years.

The decision to grant the games for Helsinki was made by the European Athletics Congress on 9 November 2009. Another city that showed interest in hosting the event was Nuremberg, Germany, however Helsinki was in pole position during the whole process. This was the third time that the city had hosted the event, 1971 and 1994 being the other occasions.

Due to 2012 being an Olympic year, there were no racewalking and marathon competitions.
Temp (air base)
Temp (Темп; Russian for "pace") is a Russian military air base established in 2013 at the western end of Kotelny Island, serving the station Severny Klever ('Northern Clover' or 'Northern Shamrock').  It was established as part of a national initiative to secure Russia's arctic regions.

The base is home to the Aviation Command, 182nd Guards Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment of the 326th Heavy Bomber Aviation Division.

Air base
An airbase or air base, sometimes referred to as a military airbase, military airfield, military airport, air station, naval air station, air force station, or air force base, is an aerodrome or airport used as a military base by a military force for operating military aircraft.
The Marxism of Che Guevara
The Marxism of Che Guevara: Philosophy, Economics, and Revolutionary Warfare (French: La pensée de Che Guevara) is a 1970 book by Michael Löwy.  It is a short work addressing the political, ethical and economic components of Ernesto Guevara's thinking.

The English translation by Brian Pearce was published by Monthly Review Press in 1973.

Monthly Review
The Monthly Review is an independent socialist magazine published monthly in New York City. Founded in 1949, it is the longest continuously published socialist magazine in the U.S. From its beginning, Monthly Review was characterized as having "a nondoctrinaire approach to socialism" that became increasingly critical of the Soviet Union. The magazine was most closely linked to Third World socialism and national liberation struggles, and consequently saw its popularity grow among the New Left during the Vietnam War.
Gopal Gupta (philosopher)
Gopal Gupta  is an Indian philosopher and Joe Dunham Distinguished Professor of Ethics at Aurora University.
Previously, he was a professor of philosophy and religion at the University of Evansville. Gupta is the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Hindu-Christian Studies (JHCS).

Aurora University
Aurora University (AU) is a private university in Aurora, Illinois, United States. Established in 1893 as a seminary of the Advent Christian Church, the university has been independent since 1971. Approximately 6,200 students are enrolled in the university's undergraduate and graduate programs. It was a women's college from 1893 until 1960.
Traralgon College
Traralgon College is a dual-campus government-funded co-educational secondary day school, located in Traralgon, Gippsland, Victoria, Australia.

Traralgon College serves 1,200 students with two campuses. The east campus is the Junior Campus (Year 7 to Year 8) and the West Campus (Year 9 to Year 12) is for Senior students. The school serves high school students in the Latrobe Valley, 145 kilometres (90 mi) east of Melbourne, which forms part of Latrobe City, with an area population of 75,000. The school has partnerships with several other universities and colleges locally and overseas.

Year 12
Year 12 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. It is sometimes the twelfth or thirteenth year of compulsory education, or alternatively a year of post-compulsory education. It usually incorporates students aged between 16 and 18, depending on the locality. It is also known as "senior year" in parts of Australia, where it is the final year of compulsory education. Year Twelve in England and Wales, and in New Zealand, is the equivalent of Eleventh grade, junior year, or grade 11 in the US and parts of Canada.
Carbonyl diazide
Carbonyl diazide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CO(N3)2. In terms of its structure, it can be described as two azide groups −N3 covalently attached to the carbonyl group −C(=O)− by single bonds. It can be prepared by way of the reaction between triphosgene and tetra-n-butylammonium azide, in a dimethyl ether or diethyl ether solution.

The first synthesis of carbonyl diazide was reported in 1894, although there have been multiple alternative syntheses since then.

Like all azides, it is a explosive compound that readily detonated, therefore care is needed when handling this chemical.

Tetrabutylammonium bromide
Tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) is a quaternary ammonium salt with a bromide commonly used as a phase transfer catalyst. It is used to prepare many other tetrabutylammonium salts by salt metathesis reactions. The anhydrous form is a white solid.

In addition to being cheap, tetrabutylammonium bromide is also environmentally friendly, has a greater degree of selectivity, is operationally simple, non-corrosive, and can be recycled easily as well.
Draba corrugata
Draba corrugata, commonly known as Southern California draba, is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. It is native to the eastern Transverse Ranges of southern California, and the Peninsular Ranges of Southern California and Baja California. It grows in rocky areas.

Peninsular Ranges
The Peninsular Ranges (also called the Lower California province) are a group of mountain ranges that stretch 930 mi (1,500 km) from Southern California to the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula; they are part of the North American Pacific Coast Ranges, which run along the Pacific coast from Alaska to Mexico. Elevations range from 500 to 10,834 ft (150 to 3,300 m).
Georgia's 38th Senate district
District 38 of the Georgia Senate is located in Metro Atlanta.

The district is contained entirely within Fulton County and includes parts of Atlanta, Fairburn, Palmetto, Sandy Springs, South Fulton, and Union City.  In Atlanta, the district includes western Buckhead and the neighborhoods of Bankhead, Cascade Heights, Grove Park, and Southwest Atlanta.

The current senator is RaShaun Kemp, a Democrat from Atlanta first elected in 2024.

Buckhead
Buckhead is the uptown commercial and residential district of the city of Atlanta, Georgia, comprising approximately the northernmost fifth of the city. Buckhead is the third-largest business district within the Atlanta city limits, behind Downtown and Midtown, and a major commercial and financial center of the Southern U.S.

Buckhead is anchored by a core of high-rise office buildings, hotels, shopping centers, restaurants and condominiums centered around the intersection of Peachtree Road and Piedmont Road near Georgia State Route 400, the Buckhead MARTA station, and Lenox Square.
Hula Hoops
Hula Hoops are a British snack food made out of potatoes and corn in the shape of short, hollow cylinders. They were created in 1973 by KP Snacks of Rotherham. As well as being sold in Britain, they are sold in Ireland and South Africa, and are sold in Belgium under the fellow Intersnack label "Chio" (until 2024 under "Croky" of Mouscron). They were also sold in France beginning in 2016 under Intersnack's Vico brand.

Cylinder
A cylinder (from Greek  κύλινδρος (kúlindros) 'roller, tumbler') has traditionally been a three-dimensional solid, one of the most basic of curvilinear geometric shapes. In elementary geometry, it is considered a prism with a circle as its base.

A cylinder may also be defined as an infinite curvilinear surface in various modern branches of geometry and topology. The shift in the basic meaning—solid versus surface (as in a solid ball versus sphere surface)—has created some ambiguity with terminology. The two concepts may be distinguished by referring to solid cylinders and cylindrical surfaces. In the literature the unadorned term "cylinder" could refer to either of these or to an even more specialized object, the right circular cylinder.
1973–74 Israel State Cup
The 1973–74 Israel State Cup (Hebrew: גביע המדינה, Gvia HaMedina) was the 35th season of Israel's nationwide football cup competition and the 20th after the Israeli Declaration of Independence.

The competition was won by Hapoel Haifa, who have beaten Hapoel Petah Tikva 1–0 at the final.

Israeli Declaration of Independence
The Israeli Declaration of Independence, formally the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel (Hebrew: הכרזה על הקמת מדינת ישראל), was proclaimed on 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708), at the end of the civil war phase and beginning of the Arab–Israeli War of the 1948 Palestine war, by David Ben-Gurion, the executive head of the World Zionist Organization and chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine.

It declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine (or the Land of Israel in the Jewish tradition), to be known as the State of Israel, which would come into effect on termination of the British Mandate at midnight that day. While celebrated in Israel as Independence Day, a national holiday on 5 Iyar of every year according to the Hebrew calendar, Palestinians view the day as the start of Nakba, or "catastrophe", marking the mass displacements of Palestinians and the loss of homes and lands, and commemorate it annually on 15 May as Nakba Day.
Vjushkovisaurus
Vjushkovisaurus is an extinct genus of Middle Triassic archosauriform. It is known from the Anisian-aged Donguz Gorizont in Sol-Iletsk, Orenburg Oblast, Russia. The genus was named in 1982, with the type species being V. berdjanensis. Material has been collected in the Berdyanka II locality from a fossil assemblage called the Eryosuchus Fauna along the Berdyanka River, specifically in a sand-carbonate concretion in the upper part of the main river channel. Vjushkovisaurus is known only from the holotype PIN 2865/62 (formerly SGU 104/3871), a partial postcranial skeleton which consists of 12 presacral vertebrae, left humerus, ribs, a fragment of the coracoid and a fragment of the fibula.

Sol-Iletsk
Sol-Iletsk (Russian: Соль-Иле́цк) is a town in Orenburg Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Ilek River (Ural's tributary), 77 kilometers (48 mi) south of Orenburg, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 28,377 (2010 Census); 26,883 (2002 Census); 23,836 (1989 Soviet census); 22,000 (1975); 11,802 (1897).

The climate is arid, sharply continental.
Bukit Seguntang
Bukit Seguntang or Bukit Siguntang (English: Seguntang Hill or Siguntang Hill) is a 29–30 metres high small hill located at the northern bank of Musi River and within the vicinity of Palembang, capital city of South Sumatra, Indonesia. It is located around 3 kilometres north from Musi River northern bank and around 4 kilometres southwest from Palembang city center. The place is considered sacred by the locals and home to many archeological relics believed to be related to Srivijaya, once a dominating political power around the Malacca Strait (6th to 13th century AD). Today the hill holds the title of an archaeological park.

Hill
A hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. It often has a distinct summit, and is usually applied to peaks which are above elevation compared to the relative landmass, though not as prominent as mountains. Hills fall under the category of slope landforms.
Mount Merrick (Antarctica)
Mount Merrick is a mountain, 1,120 metres (3,670 ft) high, standing 3 nautical miles (6 km) west of Mount Humble in the Raggatt Mountains of Antarctica. It is about 20 nautical miles (37 km) south-east of Casey Bay in Enderby Land. The mountain was plotted from air photos taken by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions in 1956 and 1957, and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for Robert William Merrick, a geophysicist at Mawson Station in 1960.

Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions
The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE /ænˈɑːri/ ann-AR-ee) is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD).
Baldric of Noyon
Baldric or Balderic was the forty-second bishop of Tournai and Noyon (1099–1112). He was born in Artois and was a canon and cantor in the dioceses of Cambrai and Thérouanne prior to becoming bishop.

The Deeds of the Bishops of Cambrai has mistakenly been attributed to him. His surviving acta include the charter of 1105 by which he awarded the right of presentment for Tielt to the chapter of St Salvator in Harelbeke.

Archdiocese of Cambrai
The Archdiocese of Cambrai (Latin: Archdiocesis Cameracensis; French: Archidiocèse de Cambrai) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France, comprising the arrondissements of Avesnes-sur-Helpe, Cambrai, Douai, and Valenciennes within the département of Nord, in the region of Nord-Pas-de-Calais. The current archbishop is Vincent Dollmann, appointed in August 2018. Since 2008 the archdiocese has been a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Lille.
IE7Pro
IE7Pro is an add-on for Internet Explorer 6, 7, and 8 that aims to enhance the feature set provided by the browser. IE7Pro adds features such as tab enhancement, an ad blocker and flash blocker, mouse gestures, inline search, privacy enhancements, online bookmark service, Greasemonkey-like user script support, and plug-in support. IE7Pro is available in several languages – this is made possible by user translations.

The support of the product was discontinued after the release of minor version 2.4.7 before Internet Explorer 8 was fully supported. The support of the product was continued again and a new version, IE7Pro 2.5.1 was released on June 2, 2010. However, the website's forum link and the Help & FAQ link are both dead. As of the latest version, 2.5.1, there are still some minor incompatibility issues with IE8 (the IE7Pro icon does not display in the status bar and the flash blocker does not work).

Userscript
A userscript (or user script) is a program, usually written in JavaScript, for modifying web pages to augment browsing. Uses include adding shortcut buttons and keyboard shortcuts, controlling playback speeds, adding features to sites, and enhancing the browsing history.

On desktop browsers such as Firefox, userscripts are enabled by use of a userscript manager browser extension such as Tampermonkey or Greasemonkey. The Presto-based Opera-supported userscripts (referred to as User JavaScript) are placed in a designated directory. Userscripts are often referred to as Greasemonkey scripts, named after the original userscript manager for Firefox.

On Wikipedia, a user scripts feature is enabled for registered users that allows them to install userscripts to augment editing and viewing of the encyclopedia's pages.
Crimplesham Hall
Crimplesham Hall is a Grade II Listed manor house in Crimplesham, Norfolk, England. Although records indicate a house existed at the site as far back as 1040, the current house was completed in 1881 and designed by Alfred Waterhouse.

Bagge baronets
The Bagge Baronetcy, of Stradsett Hall in the County of Norfolk, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 13 April 1867 for William Bagge, Conservative Member of Parliament for West Norfolk. The sixth Baronet was Chairman of the West Norfolk District Council between 1976 and 1977.
International World Wide Web Conference Committee
The International World Wide Web Conference Committee (abbreviated as IW3C2 also written as IW3C2) is a professional non-profit organization registered in Switzerland (Article 60ff of the Swiss Civil Code) that promotes World Wide Web research and development. The IW3C2 organizes and hosts the annual World Wide Web Conference in conjunction with the W3C.

The IW3C2 was founded by Joseph Hardin and Robert Cailliau at a meeting held in Boston, United States, on 14 August 1994 to prepare for the upcoming Second International World Wide Web Conference in Chicago. The IW3C2 formally became an incorporated entity in May 1996 at the fifth conference in Paris, France.

The organization is governed by laws of the Swiss Confederation and the By-laws.

Incorporation (business)
Incorporation is the formation of a new corporate body. The body may be a business corporation, a nonprofit organization, sports club or similar. The term also applied in local government to the formation of a new city or town.
2018 Chengdu Open
The 2018 Chengdu Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 3rd edition of the Chengdu Open and part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2018 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Sichuan International Tennis Center in Chengdu, China, from September 24 to 30.

Fabio Fognini
Fabio Fognini (Italian pronunciation: [ˈfaːbjo foɲˈɲiːni]; born 24 May 1987) is an Italian former professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP ranking of world No. 9 achieved on 15 July 2019. Fognini's most successful surface is red clay, where he has won eight of his nine ATP singles titles, most notably at the 2019 Monte-Carlo Masters. He also reached the quarterfinals of the 2011 French Open. Together with Simone Bolelli, Fognini won the 2015 Australian Open doubles championship, becoming the first all-Italian men's pair to win a Grand Slam title in the Open Era.
Network monitoring
Network monitoring is the use of a system that constantly monitors a computer network for slow or failing components and that notifies the network administrator (via email, SMS or other alarms) in case of outages or other trouble. Network monitoring is part of network management.

Post Office Protocol
In computing, the Post Office Protocol (POP) is an application-layer Internet standard protocol used by e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a mail server. Today, POP version 3 (POP3) is the most commonly used version. Together with IMAP, it is one of the most common protocols for email retrieval.
Sergei Iromashvili
Sergei Aleksandrovich Iromashvili (Russian: Серге́й Александрович Иромашвили; born January 22, 1963) is a Russian professional football coach.

Iromashvili managed Russian First Division side FC Chkalovets-1936 Novosibirsk from 2005 to 2006.

Russian First League
The Russian First League (Russian: Первая лига, Pervaya liga), formerly called Russian First Division (Russian: Первый дивизион) and Russian Football National League (FNL) (Russian: Первенство Футбольной Национальной Лиги, Pervenstvo Futbol'noy Natsional'noy Ligi) is the second level of the Russian football league system.

The Russian Professional Football League (PFL) used to run the division. Since 2011, it has been managed by the Football National League.

The league consists of 18 clubs. After each season the two top clubs are promoted to the Premier League, and the bottom three clubs are relegated to the Second League. Third and fourth team play in home-and-away promotion play-offs against the 13th and 14th Premier League teams. Should one or more clubs not possess the required licence to participate for the upcoming season, the teams previously relegated are kept in the league instead, in the order of last season's standings.
Thomas Gingeras
Thomas Raymond Gingeras is an American geneticist and professor at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. He is a leader of the National Institutes of Health's ENCODE project. He worked at Affymetrix as Vice President of Biological Sciences before joining CSHL. In 2019, he was listed as an ISI Highly Cited Researcher.
His son is the historian Ryan Gingeras.

Institute for Scientific Information
The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) was an academic publishing service, founded by Eugene Garfield in Philadelphia in 1956. ISI offered scientometric and bibliographic database services. Its specialty was citation indexing and analysis, a field pioneered by Garfield.
Peder Per Veggum
Peder Per Veggum (11 April 1768 – 15 April 1836) was a Norwegian artist associated with the decorative folk art of Rosemaling. He was primarily known as a skilled and prolific rose painter (norsk rosemaler), but he was also a cabinet carpenter and woodcarver.

Veggum was born on a farm in the prestegjeld of Fron in Oppland county, Norway (in what is now Nord-Fron Municipality). He was the son of Ole Olsen Leine (1726-1801) and Lisbet Nilsdatter Bjorge (1736-1813). He grew up in Vågå Municipality and apprenticed at Røros in Søndre Trondhjem county. From 1797, he settled at Sel in the traditional region of Gudbrandsdalen, where he practiced cabinetmaking, wood carvings, and floral paintings. He made and decorated cabinets, pantry, chests, and boxes.

Prestegjeld
A prestegjeld was a geographic and administrative area within the Church of Norway (Den Norske Kirke) roughly equivalent to a parish. This traditional designation was in use for centuries to divide the kingdom into ecclesiastical areas that were led by a parish priest. Prestegjelds began in the 1400s and were officially discontinued in 2012.