hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Halophila baillonis
Halophila baillonis is a species of aquatic plant in the family Hydrocharitaceae. It is referred to by the common name clover grass. It is native to Brazil, Cayman Islands, Colombia, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.  It is listed on the IUCN Red List as "vulnerable" due to its naturally rare occurrence and fragmented populations.

Hydrocharitaceae
Hydrocharitaceae is a flowering plant family which includes 14 accepted genera and a total of ca 135 known species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016). The family holds a number of species of aquatic plants, including tape-grass, the well-known Canadian waterweed, and frogbit.

The family includes both freshwater and marine aquatics. They are found throughout the world in a wide variety of habitats, but are primarily tropical.
The Snake Pit
The Snake Pit is a 1948 American psychological drama film directed by Anatole Litvak and starring Olivia de Havilland, Mark Stevens, Leo Genn, Celeste Holm, Beulah Bondi, and Lee Patrick. Based on Mary Jane Ward's 1946 semi-autobiographical novel of the same name, the film recounts the tale of a woman who finds herself in an insane asylum and cannot remember how she got there.

The novel was adapted for the screen by Frank Partos and Millen Brand, in screen credits order, and Arthur Laurents (uncredited).

Lunatic asylum
The lunatic asylum, insane asylum or mental asylum was an institution where people with mental illness were confined. It was an early precursor of the modern psychiatric hospital.

Modern psychiatric hospitals evolved from and eventually replaced the older lunatic asylum. The treatment of inmates in early lunatic asylums was sometimes brutal and focused on containment and restraint. The discovery of anti-psychotic drugs and mood-stabilizing drugs resulted in a shift in focus from containment in lunatic asylums to treatment in psychiatric hospitals. Later, there was further and more thorough critique in the form of the deinstitutionalization movement which focuses on treatment at home or in less isolated institutions.

Whilst it was used in the past, modern and more humane areas have been developed as opposed to the unorthodox methods of isolation and questionable therapies used in Lunatic (insane) asylum(s).
Len Duncan
Len Duncan (July 25, 1911 Brooklyn, New York – August 1, 1998 Lansdale, Pennsylvania) was an American race car driver. Duncan raced midget cars in seven decades from 1920s until the 1980s. During World War II, received the honor of being assigned as President Harry S. Truman's driver during one of his visits to England. Mario Andretti credits Duncan with having a great influence on his professional life. Andretti raced against Duncan in the American Racing Drivers Club (ARDC) series in 1963.

Lansdale, Pennsylvania
Lansdale is a borough in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is a densely populated commuter town, with many residents traveling daily to Philadelphia using SEPTA Regional Rail's Lansdale/Doylestown Line. In the year 1900, 2,754 people lived here; in 1910, 3,551; and in 1940, 9,316 people were inhabitants of Lansdale. The population was 18,773 at the 2020 census.

Lansdale is the center of the North Penn Valley, a region which includes the surrounding townships and boroughs. It is located 27 miles (43 km) southeast of Allentown and 21 miles (34 km) north of Philadelphia.
Abdullahi Baffa Bichi
Abdullahi Baffa Bichi (born 1969) is a Nigerian academician and politician who served as the Executive Secretary of the Tertiary Education Trust Fund TETFund from year of 2016 to 2019. He also served as the Secretary to the State Government of Kano State from year of 2023 to December 2024 under the administration of Governor Abba Kabir Yusuf.

Kano State Government
Kano State Government is the government of Kano State, concerned with the administration of the state ministries.
The government consists of the executive, legislative and Judiciary.
The government is headed by the Governor who is the policy-maker and often assisted by the Commissioners and other civil servants of the state.
János Váradi
János Váradi (born 28 February 1961 in Kemecse, Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg) is a retired Hungarian boxer, who won the bronze medal in the flyweight division (– 51 kg) at the 1980 Summer Olympics. He also captured the silver medals at the 1987 and 1989 European Amateur Boxing Championships.

1989 European Amateur Boxing Championships
The Men's 1989 European Amateur Boxing Championships were held in Athens, Greece from May 29 to June 3, with the participation of 160 fighters from 26 countries. The 28th edition of the bi-annual competition was organised by the European governing body for amateur boxing, EABA.
Eugenio Monti Olympic Track (1923–2008)
The Eugenio Monti Olympic Track (Italian: Pista Olimpica Eugenio Monti) was a bobsleigh and skeleton track located in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy. It was named after Eugenio Monti (1928–2003), who won six bobsleigh medals at the Winter Olympic Games between 1956 and 1968 and ten medals at the FIBT World Championships between 1957 and 1966. It was featured in the 1981 James Bond film For Your Eyes Only, held after the 1981 FIBT World Championships, before the track was shortened to its current configuration. In January 2008, after one last bobsleigh race tournament, the track was closed and demolished. It was replaced on the same site by the Cortina Sliding Centre ahead of the 2026 Winter Olympics, which is similar in length and has the same number of curves as the original track, but meets modern design, layout, and safety standards.

FIBT World Championships 1957
The FIBT World Championships 1957 took place in St. Moritz, Switzerland for the record eighth time. The Swiss city had hosted the event previously in 1931 (Four-man), 1935 (Four-man), 1937 (Four-man), 1938 (Two-man), 1939 (Two-man), 1947, and 1955. It also marked the first time the unified championships took place in the same location in consecutive championships.
Artur Rinne
Artur Rinne (25 September 1910 Narva – 31 January 1984 Tallinn) was an Estonian singer (baritone), theatre director and television director. He is the Estonian singer who has been recorded the most.

In 1934 he graduated from Tallinn Conservatory. 1929-1937 he was a choir singer and 1937–1938 ja 1941–1944 a soloist at Estonia Theatre. From 1945 until 1949, he was the director of the Vanemuine theatre in Tartu. 1947–1950 and 1971–1980 he was a soloist at Estonian SSR State Philharmonic. In 1950, he was arrested by Soviet authorities and was placed within the gulag camp system; exiled to the Yertsevo prison camp in Arkhangelsk Oblast of northern Russia.

After he was released, from 1956 until 1970 he was a director at Eesti Televisioon and Eesti Telefilm.

Awards:

1960: Estonian SSR merited artist

In 1968 the autobiographical film Meie Artur was directed.

Eesti Telefilm
Eesti Telefilm is an Estonian movie studio established in 1956. It is a structural unit of Eesti Televisioon.

In 1965, the studio became independent from ETV.

The studio is produced documentary and live action films. At least 400 documentaries and 250 music films have been produced at the Eesti Telefilm studio.
Kurt Lischka
Kurt Paul Werner Lischka (16 August 1909 – 5 April 1989) was a German SS official, Gestapo chief and commandant of the Security police (Sicherheitspolizei; SiPo) and Security Service (Sicherheitsdienst; SD) in Paris during the German occupation of France in World War II.

Sicherheitspolizei
The Sicherheitspolizei often abbreviated as SiPo, is a German term meaning "security police". In the Nazi era, it referred to the state political and criminal investigation security agencies. It was made up by the combined forces of the Gestapo (secret state police) and the Kriminalpolizei (criminal police; Kripo) between 1936 and 1939. As a formal agency, the SiPo was incorporated into the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA) in 1939, but the term continued to be used informally until the end of World War II in Europe.
Vernolepin
Vernolepin is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the dried fruit of Vernonia amygdalina. It shows platelet anti-aggregating properties and is also an irreversible DNA polymerase inhibitor, hence may have antitumor properties.

Vernonia amygdalina
Vernonia amygdalina, a member of the daisy family, is a small to medium-sized shrub that grows in tropical Africa. V. amygdalina typically grows to a height of 2–5 m (6.6–16.4 ft). The leaves are elliptical and up to 20 cm (7.9 in) long. Its bark is rough.

V. amygdalina is commonly called  bitter leaf in English because of its bitter taste.
Misa Q'asa
Misa Q'asa (Quechua misa table, q'asa mountain pass, literally "table mountain pass", Hispanicized spelling Mesa Jasa) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,400 m (14,436 ft) high. It is located in the Ayacucho Region, Lucanas Province, on the border of the districts of Aucara and Cabana. Misa Q'asa lies west of Misa Urqu and northeast of the archaeological site of Usqunta.

Usqunta
Usqunta (also spelled Oscconta, Osqonta or Uscunta) is an archaeological site in the Ayacucho Region in Peru. It was declared a National Cultural Heritage by Resolución Directoral National No. 024/INC on January 12, 2009. Usqunta is located in the Lucanas Province, on the border of the districts of Aucara, Cabana and Lucanas. It is situated on a mountain of that name (also spelled Osconta or Usjunta) which reaches about 4,400 m (14,436 ft) above sea level.

The prehispanic sites named Usqunta I and Usqunta II are also known as Inti Watana II and Inti Watana III.
Nurul Haque Nur
Nurul Haque Nur (born 30 January 1994), natively known as VP Nur, is a Bangladeshi activist, politician, and currently serving as the President of the Gono Odhikar Parishad. He is also a state minister in the Tarique ministry. He came to prominence in 2018 as a joint-convener of Bangladesh Sadharon Chhatra Odhikar Songrokkhon Parishad, which led the Quota Reform Movement 2018. In 2019, he was elected as the vice president of Dhaka University Central Students' Union (DUCSU). He is also the convener of the Chhatra, Jubo and Probashi Odhikar Parishad.

Tarique ministry
The Tarique ministry is the 25th cabinet of Bangladesh, led by Prime Minister Tarique Rahman. It was established on 17 February 2026 following the 2026 general election, held on 12 February 2026, leading to the formation of the 13th Jatiya Sangsad.
Théâtre Libre (performing arts center)
Théâtre Libre (French pronunciation: [teɑtʁ libʁ]), formerly Eldorado and then Comédia (or Théâtre Comedia), is a 934-capacity performing arts center located at 4 Boulevard de Strasbourg in Paris, France.

Boulevard de Strasbourg
The Boulevard de Strasbourg (French pronunciation: [bulvaʁ də stʁasbuʁ]) is a major thoroughfare in Paris, France. Located in the 10th arrondissement, it begins at 7 Boulevard Saint-Denis and ends at 7 Rue du 8-Mai-1945. It extends the Boulevard de Sebastopol northwards, leading to the Gare de l'Est. Its length is 775 metres and it has a minimum width of 30 metres.
Class SRT
The SRT was a class of London bus introduced in 1949. It was a rebuild of the pre-war STL type, an AEC Regent I with 7.7-litre engine, fitted with an RT-type body. These were underpowered due to the additional weight of the RT body, and they were confined to central London routes, e.g. 24. As new RT chassis became available, the bodies were transferred and the STL chassis scrapped.

AEC Regent III RT
The AEC Regent III RT was one of the variants of the AEC Regent III. It was a double-decker bus produced jointly between AEC and London Transport. It was the standard red London bus in the 1950s and continued to outnumber the better-known AEC Routemaster throughout the 1960s.
Gorenja Lepa Vas
Gorenja Lepa Vas (pronounced [ɡɔˈɾeːnja ˈleːpa ˈʋaːs]; Slovene: Gorenja Lepa vas, German: Oberschöndorf) is a small settlement in the hills above the right bank of the Sava River in the Municipality of Krško in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

The local church, built north of the settlement core, is dedicated to Saints Primus and Felician and belongs to the Parish of Sv. Duh–Veliki Trn. It is essentially a Romanesque building with a rectangular nave that was extended in 1836.

Lower Sava Statistical Region
The Lower Sava Statistical Region (Slovene: posavska statistična regija; until December 31, 2014 spodnjeposavska statistična regija) is a statistical region in Slovenia. It has good traffic accessibility and is located in the Sava and Krka Valleys, with hilly areas with vineyards and an abundance of water. It is the second-smallest statistical region in Slovenia. The only nuclear power plant in the country and Čatež spa are located in the region. The region annually spends EUR 22 million on environmental protection. In 2013, the employment rate in the region was 57.5%. The region was characterized by the largest difference between the employment rate for men and for women (for men it was 12 percentage points higher than for women). In 2013 this region also stood out in number of convicted persons per 1,000 population (8.3).
1st AIBA Asian 2004 Olympic Qualifying Tournament
The 1st AIBA Asian 2004 Olympic Boxing Qualifying Tournament was held in Guangzhou, PR China from March 18 to March 23, 2004. It was the first chance for amateur boxers from Asia to qualify for the 2004 Summer Olympics after the 2004 Asian Amateur Boxing Championships in Puerto Princesa, Philippines from January 11 to 18, 2004. The top two boxers in each weight division gained a place in the Olympics, with the exception of the heavyweight and super heavyweight divisions in which just the winner was entered.

India at the 2004 Summer Olympics
India competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004. The Indian Olympic Association sent a total of 73 athletes, 48 men, and 28 women, to compete in 14 sports. Men's field hockey was the only team-based sport in which India had its representation in these Olympic games. As a pleasant surprise, the shooting team came successful with a silver medal, the winner being Capt. Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore. He was the first Indian to win an individual silver medal.

Several Indian athletes came close to increasing the medal haul, finishing in fourth place, including Mahesh Bhupati and Leander Paes in tennis men's doubles and Kunjarani Devi in weightlifting women's 48 kg category.

Sanamacha Chanu originally finished fourth (women's weightlifting 53 kg category), but was disqualified after being tested positive for furosemide.
The Lost Art of Keeping a Secret
"The Lost Art of Keeping a Secret" is the first single from Queens of the Stone Age's second album, Rated R. It was released in the summer of 2000 through Interscope Records in Europe as a standard single, and in the United States as only a promotional one. The track's music video received mild airplay on music television. It was also the only single from Rated R to get a chart position, reaching number 21 on the Mainstream Rock charts, number 36 on the Modern Rock charts and number 31 on the UK Singles Chart.

The song was featured in the films Sound City and Smokin' Aces 2: Assassins' Ball, the TV series Numbers, Nip/Tuck, Entourage and Daria, and in the video games Tony Hawk: Ride, Driver: San Francisco and Gran Turismo 5.

Daria
Daria is an American teen animated sitcom created by Glenn Eichler and Susie Lewis Lynn. The series ran from March 3, 1997, to January 21, 2002, on MTV. It centers on the titular character, Daria Morgendorffer, an intelligent, cynical high school student, voiced by Tracy Grandstaff, who had voiced the character in Mike Judge's earlier animated series, Beavis and Butt-Head.

It is a spin-off of Beavis and Butt-Head, in which Daria appeared as a recurring character. Although Judge allowed the character to star in a spin-off, he had no involvement in the production of Daria himself, as he was busy working on King of the Hill.
Krasinec
Krasinec (pronounced [kɾaˈsiːnəts]; German: Krassinz) is a settlement on the left bank of the Kolpa River in the Municipality of Metlika in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia, right on the border with Croatia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Kupa
The Kupa (Croatian pronunciation: [kûpa]) or Kolpa (Slovene pronunciation: [ˈkóːlpa] or [ˈkóːwpa]; from Latin: Colapis in Roman times; Hungarian: Kulpa) river, a right tributary of the Sava, forms a natural border between north-west Croatia and southeast Slovenia. It is 297 kilometres (185 miles) long, with a length of 118 km (73 mi) serving as the border between Croatia and Slovenia and the rest located in Croatia.
Ruardean Woodside
Ruardean Woodside is a village in Gloucestershire, England, located in the Forest of Dean and tucked away behind Ruardean Hill and Brierley.  There is a primary school and a village hall. The Roebuck was the last of the local pubs to close.

Brierley
Brierley (/ˈbraɪ.ərli/) is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley in South Yorkshire, England. The settlement is tightly clustered and green buffered on a modest escarpment close to the border with West Yorkshire, it is almost wholly in population south of the A628 road, and is less than 2 miles (3 km) to the south west of Hemsworth.

Its late nineteenth century founded civil parish contained the pit village of Grimethorpe, and at the 2001 census had a population of 5,973, increasing to 7,267 in the 2011 Census. Brierley is at its core approximately 330 feet (100 m) above sea level on gently undulating slopes.
Alheimer
The Alheimer is a hill in Hesse, Germany.

The Alheimer is located in the Stölzinger Hills. The nearby village of Alheim is named after the hill. On top of the Alheimer is an observation tower, The Alheimer Tower (Alheimer-Turm). The tower is 22 metres (72 ft) high and surrounded by a memorial site to the soldiers forced to fight in the two world wars.
In clear weather visitors on the tower's observation deck can see the Wartburg near Eisenach, the Meißner mountain in the Knüllgebirge range, the Rhön Mountains and the Habichtswald near Kassel.

There is only a narrow footpath to the top of the hill.

Knüll
The Knüllgebirge (German pronunciation: [ˈknʏlɡəˌbɪʁɡə]) or simply Knüll ([knʏl] ⓘ) is a small mountain range in the northern part of Hesse, Germany, approximately 45 kilometres (28 mi) south of Kassel. Its highest peak is the Eisenberg, with an altitude of 635.5 metres (2,085 ft). The area is heavily forested and has a low population density compared to neighbouring regions. The principal town of the region is Schwarzenborn, with a population of 1158 (2006), which is the site of German army Jägerregiment 1 headquarters.
Fayetteville, Georgia
Fayetteville (/ˈfeɪ.ət.vɪl/ FAY-ət-vil; locally /ˈfeɪ.ət.vəl/ FAY-ət-vəl) is a city in and the county seat of Fayette County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 18,957, up from 15,945 at the 2010 census. Fayetteville is located 22 miles (35 km) south of downtown Atlanta.

Downtown Atlanta
Downtown Atlanta is the central business district of Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The largest of the city's three commercial districts (Midtown and Buckhead being the others), it is the location of many corporate and regional headquarters; city, county, state, and federal government facilities; Georgia State University; sporting venues; and most of Atlanta's tourist attractions. It measures approximately four square miles, and had 26,850 residents as of 2017. Similar to other central business districts in the United States, it has recently undergone a transformation that includes the construction of new condos and lofts, renovation of historic buildings, and arrival of new residents and businesses.
Stefan Vukanović Nemanjić
Stefan Vukanović Nemanjić (Serbian Cyrillic: Стефан Вукановић Немањић, d. after 1252) was prince (Serbian Cyrillic: кнез / knez) of upper Zeta in the medieval Kingdom of Serbia. He as the principal ktetor of the Morača monastery (in modern Montenegro). He was the second son of Serbian Grand Prince Vukan Nemanjić (r. 1202-1204), and also a nephew of Serbian king Stefan the First-Crowned (r. 1196–1202, 1204–1227).

Ktetor
Ktetor (Greek: κτήτωρ) or ktitor (Cyrillic: ктитор; Georgian: ქტიტორი kt’it’ori; Romanian: ctitor), meaning 'founder', is a title given in the Middle Ages in the Byzantine sphere to the provider of funds for construction or reconstruction of an Eastern Orthodox church or monastery, for the addition of icons, frescos, and other works of art. The Catholic equivalent of the term is donator. At the time of founding, the ktetor often issued typika, and was illustrated on frescoes ("ktetor portrait"). The female form is ktetorissa (Greek: κτητόρισσα) or ktitoritsa (Cyrillic: ктиторица).

The donator or renovator of churches are known as "second ktetor" or "new ktetor" (Serbian: Други ктитор, нови ктитор).
A-10 Tank Killer
A-10 Tank Killer is a 1989 combat flight simulation video game for DOS developed and published by Dynamix. An Amiga version was released in 1990. The game features an A-10 Thunderbolt II attack aircraft. Following the success of Red Baron, version 1.5 was released in 1991 which included Gulf War missions and improved graphics and sounds. Several mission packs were sold separately. A sequel published by Sierra, Silent Thunder: A-10 Tank Killer II, was released in 1996.

DOS
DOS (/dɒs/, /dɔːs/) is a family of disk-based operating systems for IBM PC compatible computers. It primarily consists of IBM PC DOS and a rebranded version, Microsoft's MS-DOS, both of which were introduced in 1981. Later, compatible systems from other manufacturers are DR-DOS (1988), ROM-DOS (1989), PTS-DOS (1993), and FreeDOS (1994). MS-DOS dominated the IBM PC compatible market between 1981 and 1995.

Although the name has come to be identified specifically with MS-DOS and compatible operating systems, DOS is a platform-independent acronym for disk operating system, whose use predates the IBM PC. Dozens of other operating systems also use the acronym, beginning with the mainframe DOS/360 from 1966. Others include Apple DOS, Apple ProDOS, Atari DOS, Commodore DOS, TRSDOS, and AmigaDOS.
Gobir
The Kingdom of Listenⓘ Gobir (Demonym: Gobirawa) was a Hausa kingdom in what is now northern Nigeria. Founded by the Hausa in the 12th century, Gobir was one of the seven original kingdoms of Hausaland, and continued under Hausa rule for nearly 700 years. Its capital was the city of Alkalawa. In the early 19th century elements of the ruling dynasty fled north to what is today Niger from which a rival dynasty developed ruling as Sarkin Gobir ("King of Gobir") at Tibiri. In 1975 a reunited traditional sultanate took up residence in Sabon Birni, Nigeria.

Adrar region
Adrar (Arabic: ولاية أدرار, romanized: Wilāyat Adrār) is a large administrative region in Mauritania, named for the Adrar Plateau. The capital is Atar. Other major towns include Choum, Chinguetti and Ouadane. The region borders Western Sahara and the Mauritanian region of Tiris Zemmour to the north, Mali and the Mauritanian region of Hodh Ech Chargui to the east, the Mauritanian regions of Trarza and Tagant to the south and the Mauritanian region of Inchiri to the west.

As of 2013, the population of the region was 62,658, compared to 77,812 in 2011. There were 49.19 per cent females and 50.81 per cent males. As of 2008, the literacy rate for people aged 15 years and over was 50.30%.  The total net enrolment ratio at secondary level was 7.10%. As of 2008, the activity rate was 48.20% and economic dependency ratio was 0.84.