hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Malati Shendge
Malati J. Shendge (1934–2015) was an Indologist. She received her Ph.D. in Buddhism from the University of Delhi.  She had been a fellow of the Indian Council of Historical Research, and of the Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla. She was a faculty member at Jawaharlal Nehru University, and Founder Director (Hon.) of the Rang Datta Wadekar Centre for the study of Indian Tradition, Pune.

Indian Council of Historical Research
The Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR) is a captive body of the Ministry of Education, Government of India established by an Administrative Order. The body has provided financial assistance to historians and scholars through fellowships, grants, and symposia.

The ICHR receives grants-in-aid from the Department of Higher Education, grants-in-aid from various Indian states, private donations, and the proceeds of revenues from the sale of publications of the ICHR. The ICHR is based in Delhi, with regional centres in Pune (Maharashtra), Bengaluru (Karnataka), and Guwahati (Assam).

It was established on 27 March 1972.

Its first chairman was the historian Ram Sharan Sharma. Historians who have served as members or functionaries of the ICHR include Irfan Habib, Tapan Raychaudhuri, and Barun De.
2022 GT2 European Series
The 2022 Fanatec GT2 European Series is the second season of the GT2 European Series. The season began on 1 April at Imola Circuit in Imola and ended on 16 October at Circuit Paul Ricard in Le Castellet.

Imola
Imola (Italian: [ˈiːmola]; Romagnol: Jômla or Jemula) is a city and comune in the Metropolitan City of Bologna, located on the river Santerno, in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy. The city is traditionally considered the western entrance to the historical region Romagna.

The city is best-known as the home of the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari which hosts the Formula One Emilia Romagna Grand Prix and formerly hosted the San Marino Grand Prix, named after the independent nation of San Marino around 100 km to the south.
Chizu Express HOT7000 series
The Chizu Express HOT7000 series (智頭急行HOT7000系) is a diesel multiple unit (DMU) tilting train type operated by the third-sector operating company Chizu Express and West Japan Railway Company (JR West) on Super Hakuto limited express services between Kyoto, Tottori, and Kurayoshi in Japan since December 1994.

The designation "HOT" is derived from the initials of the three prefectures along the route served: Hyogo Prefecture, Okayama Prefecture, and Tottori Prefecture.

Tottori Station
Tottori Station (鳥取駅, Tottori-eki) is a junction passenger railway station located in the city of Tottori, in Tottori Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West). It is located in the Higashihonji-chō district of the city of Tottori.
Innocent Records (Australia)
Innocent Records was an independent Australian label that released records between 1979 and 1983.

Run by David Chesworth and Philip Brophy, the label was set up to release music by their projects, → ↑ → and Essendon Airport, and solo work by Chesworth and others. It also released two compilations of new music from the Clifton Hill Community Music Centre in 1978–1979 and 1980. Many releases had screen printed covers created by Brophy and Maria Kozic (also in → ↑ →) and most were produced by Chesworth and John Campbell.

Maria Kozic
Maria Kozic (born 10 August 1957) is an Australian feminist painter, sculptor, designer, musician, and video artist originally from Melbourne, who currently lives and works in Brooklyn, New York City. Kozic came to prominence as a member of the Philip Brophy-led experimental art collective → ↑ →, before establishing herself as a leading member of Australia's avant-garde and conceptual art movements in the 1980s and 1990s.
World Series Sprintcars
World Series Sprintcars was a dirt track racing series held in Australia for Sprintcars. It was the richest and best known Speedway series in Australia. The series was last run in 2019/20 summer season. The COVID-19 pandemic was the originally cited reason for the series cancellation. Multiple attempts to restart the series have failed. The series has been replaced by multiple Sprintcar State Series.

Dirt track racing
Dirt track racing is a form of motorsport held on clay or dirt surfaced banked oval racetracks. Dirt track racing started in the United States before World War I and became widespread during the 1920s and 1930s using both automobiles and motorcycles, spreading throughout Japan and often running on horse racing tracks. There are a myriad of types of race cars used, from open wheel Sprint cars and Modifieds to stock cars. While open wheel race cars are purpose-built racing vehicles, stock cars (also known as fendered cars) can be either purpose-built race cars or street vehicles that have been modified to varying degrees. There are hundreds of local and regional racetracks throughout the United States and also throughout Japan. The sport is also popular in Canada, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and the United Kingdom.
Jacob Speelman
Jacob Speelman (February 9, 1893 – August 9, 1972) was an American football and basketball coach and college athletics administrator. He played college football at the University of Missouri, serving as team captain in 1915.

Speelman began his coaching career as the head basketball coach at Lawrence University in Appleton, Wisconsin from 1916 to 1917. He served as the head football coach at Oberlin College in Oberlin, Ohio from 1917 to 1918 and Northern State University–then known as Aberdeen Normal College–in Aberdeen, South Dakota from 1923 to 1925. He also served as Aberdeen Normal's head basketball coach from 1920 to 1926.

Lawrence University
Lawrence University is a private liberal arts college and conservatory of music in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1847, its first classes were held on November 12, 1849. Lawrence was the second college in the U.S. to be founded as a coeducational institution.
German submarine U-921
German submarine U-921 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She was ordered on 6 June 1941, and was laid down on 15 October 1941 at Neptun Werft AG, Rostock, as yard number 508. She was launched on 3 April 1943 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Wolfgang Leu on 30 May 1943.

Oberleutnant zur See
Oberleutnant zur See (OLt zS or OLZS in the German Navy, Oblt.z.S. in the Kriegsmarine) is traditionally the highest rank of Lieutenant in the German Navy. It is grouped as OF-1 in NATO.

The rank was introduced in the Imperial German Navy by renaming the former rank of Premier Lieutenant in 1890. Within the navy, officers of this rank were simply addressed as Herr Oberleutnant. To distinguish naval officers from those of the army, the suffix zur See (at sea) was added in official communications, sometimes shortened to z.S. (Oblt.z.S.). The rank has since been used by the Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine, and Bundesmarine.  In the Volksmarine, the rank was originally used in the same way until the suffix zur See was dropped. In the Kriegsmarine, engineers (Ingenieur – Ing.) of the same rank were distinguished as Oberleutnant (Ing.).
Cleveland and Richmond (European Parliament constituency)
Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

The constituency of Cleveland and Richmond was one of them.

It consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies (on their 1983 boundaries) of Hartlepool, Langbaurgh, Middlesbrough, Redcar, Richmond (Yorks), Stockton North, and Stockton South.

Redcar (UK Parliament constituency)
Redcar is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Anna Turley, of the Labour and Co-operative parties. She previously represented the constituency between 2015 and 2019, when she was defeated by Conservative Jacob Young.
Kokborok drama
Drama was brought into the Kokborok-speaking population by the Yatra (Jatra) performers of Bengal. The rulers of Independent Tripura were the first to present and perform drama in Tripura. Though in the beginning the presentations of yatras (jatras) were limited to the Royal Compound, in course of time it came out of the royal compound and mass people also began to enjoy it and join it.

Ujjayanta Palace
Ujjayanta Palace is the state museum of the Indian state of Tripura and former royal palace of the princely state of Tripura. It was built by Maharaja Radha Kishore Manikya in 1901. It housed the State Legislative Assembly between 1973 and 2011. The palace primarily showcases the lifestyle, arts, culture, tradition and crafts of communities residing in northeast India, along with many stone sculptures of the Manikya dynasty.
Ptilotus modestus
Ptilotus modestus, commonly known as paper foxtail is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae and is endemic to eastern continental Australia. It is an erect annual or short-lived perennial herb, with lance-shaped leaves at the base of the plant, more or less sessile stem leaves, and oval to hemispherical spikes of green flowers.

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae (/ˌæmərænˈθeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ AM-ər-an-THAY-see-ee, -⁠eye) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.
Stucley baronets
The Stucley Baronetcy, of Affeton Castle in the County of Devon, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 26 April 1859 for George Stucley, Conservative Member of Parliament for Barnstaple from 1855 to 1857. Born George Stucley Buck, he had assumed by Royal licence the surname of Stucley in lieu of his patronymic, on the death of his father, in 1858 as lineal representative of the ancient Stucley family. This family, which possessed Affeton Castle in Devon for over 600 years, originally came from the village of Stukeley in Huntingdonshire, and were sheriffs of that county during the reign of King John. The family are descended from Richard Stucley, of Trent, Somerset, and Elizabeth Fitzroger his wife. Their son, Hugh Stucley married Katherine Affeton, heiress of the Affeton estates, and was sheriff of Devon in 1448. The fifth Baronet served as a Deputy Lieutenant and High Sheriff of Devon.

Huntingdonshire
Huntingdonshire (/ˈhʌntɪŋdənʃər, -ʃɪər/; abbreviated Hunts) is a local government district in Cambridgeshire, England. 
The district had a population of 180,800 at the 2021 census, and has an area of 354.3 square miles (918 km2). The largest towns are St Neots (33,410), Huntingdon (25,428), and St Ives (16,815). The district council is based in Huntingdon.

Historically a county in its own right, Huntingdonshire's boundaries were established in the Anglo-Saxon era. Huntingdonshire became an administrative county in 1889. In 1965, it was merged with the Soke of Peterborough to form Huntingdon and Peterborough, which was in turn merged with Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely in 1974 to form Cambridgeshire, of which Huntingdonshire is now a district.
Larkspur Creek
Larkspur Creek is a short stream which flows 3.5 miles east to meet Corte Madera Creek in Larkspur, California just before reaching Richardson's Bay. The creek was named for the town of Larkspur, which was named by Georgiana Wright, a Briton and spouse of the 1887 developer of the area. She named the town of Larkspur for lupine flowers on the hills that she mistook for larkspur.

Delphinium
Delphinium is a genus of about 300 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native throughout the Northern Hemisphere and also on the high mountains of tropical Africa. The genus was erected by Carl Linnaeus.

All members of the genus Delphinium are toxic to humans and livestock. The common name larkspur is shared between perennial Delphinium species and annual species of the genus Consolida. Molecular data show that Consolida, as well as another segregate genus, Aconitella, are both embedded in Delphinium.

The genus name Delphinium derives from the Ancient Greek word δελφίνιον (delphínion) which means "dolphin", a name used in De Materia Medica for some kind of larkspur. Pedanius Dioscorides said the plant got its name because of its dolphin-shaped flowers.
Farmen 2022 (Sweden)
Farmen 2022 (The Farm 2022) is the fifteenth season of the Swedish reality television series Farmen. 17 Swedes from across Sweden live on the farm like it was 100 years prior and compete in tasks to earn money for shopping, animals, tools for the farm, etc. Each week a duel takes place where one contestant is eliminated. In the finals, the final 2 compete in a final duel where the winners walks away with 500,000 kr. and the title of Farmen 2022. Anna Brolin continued as host while Hans Wincent continued as Farm mentor. The season premiered on 9 January 2022 on TV4.

Anna Brolin
Anna Eleonora Brolin (born 1980) is a Swedish sports reporter and sport-television presenter. Brolin has worked for Viasat Sport and TV4.

Born in Stockholm, Brolin is the sister of the male model Carl Brolin, but is not related to the footballer Tomas Brolin. In the summer of 2010, she was selected for TV4's World Cup squad and reported on site from the World Cup in South Africa. Brolin participated as a contestant in Let's Dance 2013. She was present in Brazil as one of the presenters on TV4 during the 2014 FIFA World Cup. In 2016, she took over as host of Biggest Loser. In 2020, she was appointed program manager for the Farmen. She succeeded Paolo Roberto.
Robert Burnard (painter)
Robert Burnard (1799/1800 – 1846/1847 or 13 April 1876) was a Cornish painter. Burnard painted houses as well as portraits. Burnard was born in 1799 or 1800 in Laneast, the son of Elizabeth Westlake Burnard and Richard Parnell Burnard. He emigrated to Australia in 1840. The year of his death is uncertain, as his son with the same name had a very similar career; some sources state that he died by 1847 (an article in the South Australian Register said he was "departed") whereas others list 13 April 1876.

The John Gubbins Newton and His Sister, Mary Newton painting is the only known English painting (prior to Australian emigration) that can with certainty be ascribed to Burnard.

South Australian Register
The Register, originally the South Australian Gazette and Colonial Register, and later South Australian Register, was South Australia's first newspaper. It was first published in London in June 1836, moved to Adelaide in 1837, and folded into The Advertiser almost a century later in February 1931.

The newspaper was the sole primary source for almost all information about the settlement and early history of South Australia. It documented shipping schedules, legal history and court records at a time when official records were not kept. According to the National Library of Australia, its pages contain "one hundred years of births, deaths, marriages, crime, building history, the establishment of towns and businesses, political and social comment".

All issues are freely available online, via Trove.
Hostetter station
Hostetter station is a light rail station in San Jose, California, United States. It is operated by the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA) and is served by the Orange Line.

The station, built as part of the Tasman East/Capitol extension from I-880/Milpitas station (now Alder station) to Alum Rock Transit Center, was originally intended as the terminus of phase two of the Tasman East project. However, phase two of the Tasman East extension and the Capitol extension were eventually opened on the same date on June 24, 2004.

Valley Transportation Authority
The Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority, more commonly known simply as the Valley Transportation Authority (VTA), is a special district responsible for public transit services, congestion management, specific highway capacity expansion projects, and countywide transportation planning for Santa Clara County, California. It serves San Jose, California, and the surrounding Silicon Valley. It is one of the governing parties for the Caltrain commuter rail line that serves the county. In 2025, the VTA's public transportation services had a combined ridership of 27,576,300, or about 93,000 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
2024 Canberra Tennis International – Women's singles
Katie Boulter was the defending champion but chose not to defend her title as she was competing at the United Cup being held during the same week.

Nuria Párrizas Díaz won the title, defeating Harriet Dart 6–4, 6–3 in the final.

Nuria Párrizas Díaz
Nuria Párrizas Díaz (born 15 July 1991) is a Spanish professional tennis player. She has been ranked as high as world No. 45 in singles by the WTA, which she first reached in March 2022, and No. 320 in doubles, achieved in September 2022.
Manuel Matallana
Manuel Matallana Gómez (25 December 1894 – 1952) was a Spanish officer and lawyer. He was a high-ranking officer on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War, although he was covertly working for the opposing Nationalist from late 1937 and possibly earlier. He participated in the coup of March 1939 led by Segismundo Casado against Juan Negrín's government. He was imprisoned by the Nationalists after the war and sentenced to thirty years' imprisonment but was released early in 1941.

Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)
The Republican faction (Spanish: Bando republicano), also known as the Loyalist faction (Bando leal) or the Government faction (Bando gubernamental), was the side in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939 that supported the government of the Second Spanish Republic against the Nationalist faction of the military rebellion. The name Republicans (republicanos) was mainly used by its members and supporters, while its opponents used the term Rojos (Reds) to refer to this faction due to its left-leaning ideology, including communist and anarchist groups, and the support it received from the Soviet Union.
At the beginning of the war, the Republicans outnumbered the Nationalists by ten-to-one, but by January 1937 that advantage had dropped to four-to-one.
Han Sun-hi
Han Sun-hi (born 3 May 1955) is a North Korean Olympic archer. She represented her country in the women's individual competition at the 1976 Summer Olympics. She came 10th place after both rounds, finishing with 2347 points. She won a bronze medal at the 1978 Asian Games in the women's team event.

Archery at the 1976 Summer Olympics
At the 1976 Summer Olympics two archery events were contested.  It was the second iteration of the modern archery competition in the Olympics, following the same format as in the 1972 Summer Olympics.  The two events were men's individual and women's individual, and the competition in each event consisted of a double FITA round.  Archers shot a total of 288 arrows at 4 different distances (90, 70, 50, and 30 meters for men; 70, 60, 50, and 30 metres for women).
Sniper: Assassin's End
Sniper: Assassin's End is a 2020 American action film directed by Kaare Andrews and starring Chad Michael Collins, Tom Berenger, and Sayaka Akimoto. The film is the eighth installment of the Sniper film series and a sequel to Sniper: Ultimate Kill (2017).

Tom Berenger
Thomas Michael Moore (born May 31, 1949), known professionally as Tom Berenger, is an American actor. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor and won a Golden Globe Award for his portrayal of the Staff Sergeant Bob Barnes in Platoon (1986). He is also known for playing Jake Taylor in the Major League films and Thomas Beckett in the Sniper films.

Other films he appeared in include Looking for Mr. Goodbar (1977), The Dogs of War (1980), The Big Chill (1983), Eddie and the Cruisers (1983), Someone to Watch Over Me (1987), Betrayed (1988), The Field (1990), Sniper (1993), Gettysburg (1993), The Substitute (1996), Training Day (2001), and Inception (2010). He won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie for his performance as Jim Vance in the 2012 miniseries Hatfields & McCoys.
Hajra Khan (footballer)
Hajra Khan (Urdu: ہاجرہ خان; born 29 December 1993) is a Pakistani footballer who was the captain of the Pakistan women's national football team. She plays as a striker or midfielder. She became part of Pakistan national team in 2009 which she led as a captain in 2014.

Pakistan Football Federation
The Pakistan Football Federation (PFF) is the national governing body of association football in Pakistan. It is a member of FIFA, the international governing body of football, and affiliated to the Asian Football Confederation and South Asian Football Federation. The federation was founded in 1947; it also manages the futsal and beach soccer national teams.
Hamon de Massey
The first Hamon de Masci/Massey was the owner of the manors of Agden, Baguley, Bowdon, Dunham, Hale and Little Bollington after the Norman conquest of England (1066), taking over from the Saxon thegn Aelfward according to Domesday Book.  He was possibly the son of Guillaume de Macé, born in La Ferté-Macé or Ferté de La Macé, a recently constructed fortress in Normandy. Hamon was made a baron by Hugh Lupus, by his right as Earl of Chester, from 1071.

The name of Hamon de Massey was passed on to his descendants for several generations. There are several different ways of spelling the name, including "de Masci", "de Macé", "de Macei", "de Mascy", "de Massy" and "de Massie". Later the name Baguley was adopted by the family as it was the site of their main property, and there are also many variations of this name as well.
A Massey daughter, Margaret, married Henry FitzRobert de Trafford, several generations later.

England portal

Middle Ages portal

Thegn
In later Anglo-Saxon England, a thegn, or thane (Latin: minister), was an aristocrat who ranked at the third level in lay society, below the king and ealdormen. He had to be a substantial landowner. Thanage refers to the tenure by which lands were held by a thane as well as the rank; an approximately equivalent modern title may be that of baron.

The term thane was also used in early medieval Scandinavia for a class of retainers, and thane was a title given to local royal officials in medieval eastern Scotland, equivalent in rank to the child of an earl.
Maeda Toshimasa
Maeda Toshimasa (前田 利昌; ? – August 4, 1560) was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period. Also known as Toshiharu (利春), he was the son of Maeda Toshitaka. His seat was Arako Castle in Owari Province. Toshimasa was a vassal of Oda Nobuhide, who nominally ruled Owari Province from his seat at Kiyosu Castle.

Oda Nobuhide
Oda Nobuhide (織田 信秀, 1510 – 8 April 1551) was a Japanese daimyō and magistrate of the Sengoku period known as "Tiger of Owari" and also the father of Oda Nobunaga, the first "Great Unifier" of Japan. Nobuhide was a deputy shugo (Shugodai) of lower Owari Province and head of the Oda clan which controlled most of Owari.