hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Spratly
William Spratly was the Second Officer of the British whaler, Cyrus and brother of its captain, Richard Spratly, who is notable for naming Spratly Island and being the namesake of the Spratly Islands. Richard Spratly is often mistakenly named William Spratly when referring to this incident.

It is possible, though unlikely, that this may be the same William Spratly who captained the Norwegian steamer, SS Douvre, between 1883 and 1900.

Cyrus (1800 whaler)
Cyrus was a whaler launched at Salem in 1800 (or possibly early in 1792). She performed one whaling voyage for French owners before a British letter of marque captured her in 1803. From 1804 on, she performed 17 whaling voyages for British owners in the almost half a century between 1804 and 1853. The first five were for Samuel Enderby & Sons. Between 1 August 1834 and 2 June 1848 her captain was Richard Spratly, namesake of Spratly Island and the group of islands and reefs known as the Spratly Islands. She apparently made one last voyage in 1854, but then no longer traded. She was last listed in Lloyd's Register in 1856.
Kusunoki Masahide
Kusunoki Masahide (楠木 正秀), a descendant of Kusunoki Masahige, was a supporter of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period (15th century) in Japan.  By attempting to restore the dynasty, Masahide followed in stealing the Three Sacred Treasures  during the year 1443, then fled with the Southern pretender, Prince Manjuji to the Yoshino mountains. There Masahide held out on the site of the Ryusenji temple within Kotochi until the year 1457.

Kusunoki was an ordained priest within the Shin Buddhist branch Honganji-ha.

Imperial Regalia of Japan
The Three Sacred Treasures (三種の神器, Sanshu no Jingi/Mikusa no Kamudakara) are the imperial regalia of Japan and consist of the sword Kusanagi no Tsurugi (草薙劍), the mirror Yata no Kagami (八咫鏡), and the jewel Yasakani no Magatama (八尺瓊勾玉). They represent the three primary virtues: valour (the sword), wisdom (the mirror), and benevolence (the jewel). The actual historical status of these legendary treasures is unknown as they are intentionally kept from public view to symbolize authority.

Representations of the regalia are used in masakaki in many Shinto rituals.
Laguna Grande de Peñalara
The Laguna Grande de Peñalara (in English: Great Peñalara Lake), also known as Laguna de Peñalara, is a lake of glacial origin located at the bottom of the Peñalara cirque, at 2017 meters altitude, in the central area of the Sierra de Guadarrama, belonging to the Sistema Central, in the Iberian Peninsula. It is located within the Guadarrama National Park, in the Spanish municipality of Rascafría (Community of Madrid).

Guadarrama National Park
Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (in Spanish: Parque Nacional de la Sierra de Guadarrama) is a national park in Spain, covering nearly 34,000 hectares, the fifth largest in Spain's national parks system. The Guadarrama mountain range (Sistema Central) contains some ecologically valuable areas, located in the Community of Madrid and Castile and León (provinces of Segovia and Ávila). The law that regulates the recently approved national park was published in the BOE on June 26, 2013 (2013-06-26).
Giorgio Marengo
Giorgio Marengo, I.M.C. (Mongolian: Жиоржио Маренго; born 7 June 1974) is an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church. Created a cardinal by Pope Francis on 27 August 2022, he has been the Apostolic Prefect of Ulaanbaatar, a missionary jurisdiction that covers the entire country of Mongolia, since 2 April 2020.

He is the second youngest member of the College of Cardinals.

College of Cardinals
The College of Cardinals (Latin: Collegium Cardinalium), also called the Sacred College of Cardinals, is the body of all cardinals of the Catholic Church. As of 19 February 2026, there are 244 cardinals, of whom 121 are eligible to vote in a conclave to elect a new pope. Appointed by the pope, cardinals serve for life, but become ineligible to participate in a papal conclave if they turn 80 before a papal vacancy occurs.

Since the emergence of the College of Cardinals in the Early Middle Ages, the size of the body has historically been limited by popes, ecumenical councils ratified by the pope, and the college itself. The total number of cardinals from 1099 to 1986 has been about 2,900, nearly half of whom were created after 1655. This number excludes possible undocumented 12th-century cardinals and pseudocardinals appointed during the Western Schism by pontiffs now considered to be antipopes, and subject to some other sources of uncertainty.
My Love for You (Has Turned to Hate)
"My Love for You (Has Turned to Hate)" is a song written and recorded by Hank Williams. It was his third single released on Sterling Records in April 1947.
After issuing two singles containing mostly spiritual music, "My Love for You (Has Turned to Hate)" was the kind of bitter love song that Williams would become famous for, its narrator turning away a remorseful lover who wishes to come back.  It was recorded on February 13, 1947 in Nashville with Fred Rose producing and featured Tommy Jackson (fiddle), Dale "Smokey" Lohman (steel guitar), Zeke Turner (electric guitar), and Louis Innis (bass). Like his previous two releases on Sterling, the single did not chart, but they did well enough for Hank to eventually land a contract with MGM Records in April 1947.

MGM Records
MGM Records was a record label founded by the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film studio in 1946 for the purpose of releasing soundtrack recordings (later LP albums) of their musical films. It transitioned into a pop music label that continued into the 1970s. The company also released soundtrack albums of the music for some of their non-musical films as well, and on rare occasions, cast albums of off-Broadway musicals such as The Fantasticks and the 1954 revival of The Threepenny Opera. In one instance, MGM Records released the highly successful soundtrack album of a film made by another studio, Columbia Pictures's Born Free (1966).
2005–06 NBA season
The 2005–06 NBA season was the 60th season of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Miami Heat defeated the Dallas Mavericks in the NBA Finals, four games to two, to win their first NBA championship.

This marked that it was the final regular season to be held in November and the following season it would start in October.

Spectrum Center
Spectrum Center is an indoor arena in Charlotte, North Carolina, United States. Located in Uptown, it is owned by the city of Charlotte and operated by its main tenant, the Charlotte Hornets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The arena seats 19,444 for NBA games, but can be expanded to 20,200 for college basketball games.
Synthetic ion channels
Synthetic ion channels are de novo chemical compounds that insert into lipid bilayers, form pores, and allow ions to flow from one side to the other.  They are man-made analogues of natural ion channels, and are thus also known as artificial ion channels.  Compared to biological channels, they usually allow fluxes of similar magnitude but are

minuscule in size (less than 5k Dalton vs. > 100k Dalton),

diverse in molecular architecture, and

may rely on diverse supramolecular interactions to pre-form the active, conducting structures.

Synthetic channels, like natural channels, are usually characterized by a combination of single-molecule (e.g., voltage-clamp of planar bilayers) and ensemble techniques (flux in vesicles).  The study of synthetic ion channels can potentially lead to new single-molecule sensing technologies as well as new therapeutics.

Cyclodextrin
Cyclodextrins  are a family of cyclic oligosaccharides, consisting of a macrocyclic ring of glucose subunits joined by α-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Cyclodextrins are produced from starch by enzymatic conversion.  They are used in food, pharmaceutical, drug delivery, and chemical industries, as well as agriculture and environmental engineering.

Cyclodextrins are composed of 5 or more α-D-glucopyranoside units linked 1 → 4, as in amylose (a fragment of starch). Typical cyclodextrins contain a number of glucose monomers ranging from six to eight units in a ring, creating a cone shape:

α (alpha)-cyclodextrin: 6 glucose subunits

β (beta)-cyclodextrin: 7 glucose subunits

γ (gamma)-cyclodextrin: 8 glucose subunits

The largest well-characterized cyclodextrin contains 32 1,4-anhydroglucopyranoside units. Poorly-characterized mixtures, containing at least 150-membered cyclic oligosaccharides are also known.
Raihan Uddin
Raihan Uddin (born 6 June 1991) is a Bangladeshi cricketer. He made his List A debut for Prime Bank Cricket Club in the 2015–16 Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League on 30 April 2016. He made his Twenty20 debut on 26 February 2019, for Gazi Group Cricketers in the 2018–19 Dhaka Premier Division Twenty20 Cricket League. He made his first-class debut on 24 October 2021, for Khulna Division against Sylhet Division in the 2021–22 National Cricket League.

Khulna Division cricket team
The Khulna Division cricket team is a first-class team representing the Khulna Division in south-west Bangladesh, one of the country's eight administrative regions. The team competes in the National Cricket League and was a participant in the now-defunct National Cricket League One-Day. In the short-lived National Cricket League Twenty20 competition, played in the 2009–10 season only, Khulna adopted the name Kings of Khulna and played in black and yellow. The equivalent team in the Bangladesh Premier League (BPL) is the Khulna Tigers.

Khulna's main home ground is the Sheikh Abu Naser Stadium in Khulna city, which has a capacity of 15,000.

Khulna have won the NCL seven times, including the three consecutive seasons 2015–16, 2016–17, and 2017–18, and they won the 2002–03 National Cricket League One-Day.
Bad Boy (The Adicts song)
"Bad Boy" is a song by punk band the Adicts, released as a single by Razor Records in May 1983. It was released as a standard black vinyl 7-inch single and also as a 7-inch picture disc with one additional track. The single was the band's biggest hit, reaching No. 75 on the UK Singles Chart and No. 4 on the UK Independent Chart. This brought major label interest to the band, which led to their next single being released by the Warner imprint Sire Records. "Bad Boy" was included on the band's next studio album, Smart Alex, while both B-sides originally appeared on Sound of Music.

Picture disc
Picture discs are gramophone (phonograph) records that show images on their playing surface, rather than being of plain black or colored vinyl. Collectors traditionally reserve the term picture disc for records with graphics that extend at least partly into the actual playable grooved area,
distinguishing them from picture label discs, which have a specially illustrated and sometimes very large label, and picture back discs, which are illustrated on one unplayable side only.
2008 US Open – Mixed doubles
Victoria Azarenka and Max Mirnyi were the defending champions, but Azarenka chose not to participate. Mirnyi partnered with Anna Chakvetadze, but lost in the first round to Nadia Petrova and Jonas Björkman.

Cara Black and Leander Paes won the title, defeating Liezel Huber and Jamie Murray in the final 7–6(8–6), 6–4.

Cara Black
Cara Cavell Black (born 17 February 1979) is a Zimbabwean former professional tennis player. Black was primarily a doubles specialist, winning 60 WTA Tour and 11 ITF doubles titles. A former doubles world No. 1, she won ten major titles. By winning the 2010 Australian Open mixed doubles title, Black became the third woman in the Open Era to complete the career Grand Slam in mixed doubles (after Martina Navratilova and Daniela Hantuchová). Having also won one singles title on the WTA Tour, Black peaked at world No. 31 in the singles rankings in March 1999.
Citico (Cherokee town)
Citico (also "Settaco", "Sitiku", and similar variations; Cherokee: ᏏᏘᎫ, romanized: Sitigu) is a prehistoric and historic Native American site in Monroe County, Tennessee, in the southeastern United States.  The site's namesake Cherokee village was the largest of the Overhill towns, housing an estimated Indian population of 1,000 by the mid-18th century.  The Mississippian village that preceded the site's Cherokee occupation is believed to have been the village of "Satapo" visited by the Juan Pardo expedition in 1567.

The Citico site is now submerged by the Tellico Lake impoundment of the Little Tennessee River, created by the completion of Tellico Dam at the mouth of the river in 1979. The modern community of Citico Beach has developed along the shoreline above the ancient site. The lake is managed by the Tennessee Valley Authority and the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency.

Mississippian culture
The Mississippian culture was a collection of Native American societies that flourished in what is now the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern United States from approximately 800 to 1600 CE, varying regionally. It was known for building large, earthen platform mounds, and often other shaped mounds as well. It was composed of a series of urban settlements and satellite villages linked together by loose trading networks. The largest city was Cahokia, believed to be a major religious center, located in what is present-day southern Illinois.

The Mississippian way of life began to develop in the Mississippi River Valley (for which it is named). Cultures in the tributary Tennessee River Valley may have also begun to develop Mississippian characteristics at this point. Almost all dated Mississippian sites predate 1539–1540 (when Hernando de Soto explored the area), with notable exceptions being Natchez communities. These maintained Mississippian cultural practices into the 18th century.
USS Permit
Two ships of the United States Navy have borne the name USS Permit, named in honor of the permit, a food fish, often called "round pompano", found in waters from North Carolina to Brazil.

The first USS Permit (SS-178), was a Porpoise-class submarine, commissioned in 1937 and stricken in 1956.

The second USS Permit (SSN-594), was a submarine of the Permit class (originally the "Thresher" class, until USS Thresher was lost in 1963). Permit was commissioned in 1962 and stricken in 1991.

USS Thresher (SSN-593)
USS Thresher (SSN-593) was the lead boat of her class of nuclear-powered attack submarines in the United States Navy. She was the U.S. Navy's second submarine to be named after the thresher shark.

On 10 April 1963, Thresher sank during deep-diving tests about 350 km (220 mi) east of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, killing all 129 crew and shipyard personnel aboard. Her loss was a watershed moment for the U.S. Navy, leading to the implementation of a rigorous submarine safety program known as SUBSAFE. The first nuclear submarine lost at sea, Thresher was also the third of four submarines lost with more than 100 people aboard, the others being the French Surcouf, sinking with 130 personnel in 1942, USS Argonaut, lost with 102 aboard in 1943, and Russian Kursk, which sank with 118 aboard in 2000.
Charles-Marie Denys de Damrémont
Lieutenant-General Charles-Marie Denys, comte de Damrémont (8 February 1783 – 12 October 1837) was a French Army officer and colonial administrator. He was killed in combat during the siege of Constantine.

Issers
36°42′58″N 3°39′58″E﻿ / ﻿36.716°N 3.666°E﻿ / 36.716; 3.666

Isser, formerly spelled Issers (Arabic: يسر, Kabyle: ⵉⵙⴻⵔ) is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 27,990. As of the latest census it has 32,580 residents.

Isser is located on the south bank of the Isser River and near the centre of the Isser coastal plain, which stretches from Thenia to Naciria.
Tania González Peñas
Tania González Peñas (born 18 October 1982 in Avilés, Asturias) is a Spanish politician, political scientist, and MEP of Podemos, since September 11, 2014, when she replaced Carlos Jiménez Villarejo, who was one of the five members of the party elected in the 2014 European Parliament election.

Avilés
Avilés (Asturian and Spanish: [aβiˈles] ⓘ) is a town in Asturias, Spain. Avilés is, along with Oviedo and Gijón, one of the main cities in the Principality of Asturias.

The town occupies the flattest land in the municipality, partially in a land that belonged to the sea, surrounded by small promontories, all of them having an altitude of less than 140 metres. Situated in the Avilés estuary, in the Northern Central area of the Asturian coast, west of Peñas Cape, is its national seaport.

Avilés is mainly an industrial city. It is close to popular beaches like Salinas. It also has important churches like St. Thomas of Canterbury.
Avilés has also cultural spaces such as the Palacio Valdés Theatre (in Spanish: Teatro Palacio Valdés) or the Oscar Niemeyer International Cultural Centre (in Spanish: Centro Cultural Internacional Oscar Niemeyer).
Hitori ga Suki
Hitori ga Suki (ひとりが好き, I Like to Be Alone) is the debut album by Japanese singer Keiko Masuda. The album was released on February 18, 1982, less than a year after the dissolution of her group Pink Lady. It contains Masuda's first single "Suzume" (すずめ, "Sparrow"), which peaked at No. 9 on Oricon's singles charts and sold 267,000 copies.

Keiko Masuda
Keiko Masuda (増田 恵子, Masuda Keiko) (born Keiko Kobayashi (小林 啓子, Kobayashi Keiko) on September 2, 1957, in Shizuoka, Japan) is a Japanese pop singer and actress. She is better known by her nickname Kei, and is one half of Pink Lady, the top idol group in Japan in the 1970s. In the United States, they are known for their self-titled TV program. Masuda is represented by her own management firm Kei-Office (ケイ・オフィス, Kei Ofisu).
History of organized crime in Saigon
Over the course of its long history, Saigon, Vietnam has had many eras of dominant organized crime groups that at one point or another controlled the illicit trade and activities within the city. The long list of the organized crime history in Saigon covers the early Bình Xuyên pirates of the 1920s, to the Four Great Kings period of the 60s and lastly to Năm Cam's criminal reign during the 90s.

Bình Xuyên
Bình Xuyên Force (Vietnamese: Bộ đội Bình Xuyên, IPA: [ɓɨ̂n swiəŋ]), often linked to its infamous leader, General Lê Văn Viễn (nicknamed "Bảy Viễn"), was an independent military force within the Vietnamese National Army whose leaders once had lived outside the law and had sided with the Việt Minh. During its heyday, Bình Xuyên funded itself with organized crime activities in Saigon while effectively battling Communist forces.
John Warner (Lord Mayor)
John Warner (died 27 October 1648) was an English merchant who was Lord Mayor of London in 1647.

Warner was a city of London merchant and a member of the Worshipful Company of Grocers. He was Sheriff of London from 1639 to 1640. On 12 March 1640, he was elected an alderman of the City of London for Queenhithe ward.  From 1642 to about 1645, he was Colonel of the Green Regiment, London Trained Bands. In 1647, he was elected 311th Lord Mayor of London.

Worshipful Company of Grocers
The Worshipful Company of Grocers is one of the 111 livery companies of the City of London. Established in 1345 for wholesalers who dealt in "grosses", it is one of the Great Twelve City Livery Companies, ranking second in the order of precedence after the Mercers. The Company's motto is "God Grant Grace".

The Grocers' Company continues as a charitable, constitutional and ceremonial institution which plays a significant role in the election of and supporting the Lord Mayor and the Sheriffs of the City of London.

The Company provides banqueting and conference facilities at Grocers' Hall situated in Prince's Street, next to the Bank of England.
Poonthenaruvi
Poonthenaruvi is a 1974 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by J. Sasikumar and produced by C. C. Baby and V. M. Chandi. The film stars Prem Nazir, Nanditha Bose, Vincent, Sudheer and Jayan. The music score is by M. K. Arjunan.

Nanditha Bose
Nanditha Bose is an Indian actress who is known for her work in Malayalam films. One of prominent actresses during the 1970s, she received a Filmfare Award for her performance in Swapnam (1973). She is also known for her performance in films such as Achaani (1973), Panitheeratha Veedu (1973) and Dharmayudham (1973). Currently, she is busy acting in Television serials.
The Cock, Fulham
The Cock is a Grade II listed public house at 360 North End Road, Fulham, London.

It was built in the mid-late 19th century, but the architect is not known.

Since 2012, it is called the "Cock Tavern", and is part of the Young's pub chain.

From February 2007 to 2012, it was a brewpub, the "Cock & Hen", owned by The Capital Pub Company. Before 2007, it was "The Cock".

Young's
Young's (Young & Co.'s Brewery Plc) is a British pub chain operating nearly 280 pubs.

The company was founded as a brewery in 1831 by Charles Young and Anthony Bainbridge when they purchased the Ram Brewery in Wandsworth. The company closed the Ram Brewery in 2006, and the brewing operation was transferred to a new company, Wells & Young's Brewing Company Ltd, which was a joint brewing venture with Charles Wells Brewery. Young's held 40% of the shares in the new company until the sale of its stake to Charles Wells in 2011. There is a rolling contract for Young's to take beers produced by Wells & Young's and by Marston's after it took over the Eagle Brewery in Bedford, an operation now called Carlsberg Marston's Brewing Company. Until its closure in 2006, the company's Ram Brewery in Wandsworth was claimed to be Britain's oldest brewing site in continuous operation, with a history dating back to the 1550s when a Humphrey Langridge, "beer-brewer at Wandsworth", leased the Ram pub.
Heavenly Handel
Heavenly Handel: Arias and Duets is the title of a music recording Virgin Classics released on two compact discs in early 2004. It is a performance of arias and duets from operas by Georg Friedrich Händel.

The Virgin Classics catalog number for "Heavenly Handel" is 5624002.

Aria
In music, an aria (/ˈɑːriə/ ⓘ, Italian: [ˈaːrja]; pl.: arie, Italian: [ˈaːrje]; arias in common usage; diminutive form: arietta, Italian: [aˈrjetta]; pl.: ariette; in English simply air) is a self-contained piece for one voice, with or without instrumental or orchestral accompaniment, normally part of a larger work.

The typical context for arias is opera, but vocal arias also feature in oratorios and cantatas, or they can be stand-alone concert arias. The term was originally used to refer to any expressive melody, usually, but not always, performed by a singer.
Madeleine Swann
Madeleine Swann is a character in the James Bond films Spectre (2015) and No Time to Die (2021), played by actress Léa Seydoux. She is one of only two Bond girls to appear in two films and first in the film series to have a child with James Bond (Daniel Craig).

Central Eastern Alps
The Central Eastern Alps (German: Zentralalpen or Zentrale Ostalpen), also referred to as Austrian Central Alps (German: Österreichische Zentralalpen) or just Central Alps, comprise the main chain of the Eastern Alps in Austria and the adjacent regions of Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Italy and Slovenia. South of them is the Southern Limestone Alps.

The term "Central Alps" is very common in the Geography of Austria as one of the seven major landscape regions of the country. "Central Eastern Alps" is usually used in connection with the Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps (Alpenvereinseinteilung, AVE). The Central Alps form the eastern part of the Alpine divide, its central chain of mountains, as well as those ranges that extend or accompany it to the north and south.

The highest mountain in the Austrian Central Alps is Grossglockner at 3,798 metres (12,461 ft).