hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
R. Eden Martin
R. Eden Martin is an American lawyer. Martin was a partner at the law firm Sidley Austin LLP from 1975 to 2004. Martin has served as president of The Commercial Club of Chicago since 1999. He is a member of the boards of directors of the Chicago Board Options Exchange, and Nicor Inc., a life trustee of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and a member of the board of trustees of Northwestern University.  He has been an Aon Corporation director since 2002 and serves as chairman of Aon Foundation.  He has also served on the boards of the University of Illinois Foundation, the Chicago History Museum, and the Ravinia Festival. Martin is well known as a book collector and donor to libraries

Cboe Global Markets
Cboe Global Markets, Inc. (formerly CBOE Holdings) is an American financial exchange operator headquartered in Chicago. It owns and operates a portfolio of exchanges and trading venues across equities, options, futures, and digital assets.

Founded in 1973 as the Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE), the company also owns the stock exchange operator BATS Global Markets. Cboe is known for products such as the VIX volatility index for operating markets in North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific.
Malus (Pisidia)
Malus or Malos (Ancient Greek: Μάλος), also known as Mallus or Mallos (Μάλλος), was a town of ancient Pisidia, inhabited during Roman and Byzantine times. It became a bishopric; no longer the seat of a residential bishop, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.

Its site is located near Sarıidris, in Asiatic Turkey.

Pisidia
Pisidia or Pisidya (/pɪˈsɪdiə/; Greek: Πισιδία) was an ancient Anatolian region located north of Pamphylia, northeast of Lycia, west of Isauria and Cilicia, and south of Phrygia, corresponding roughly to the modern-day Antalya Province of the Republic of Turkey. Among Pisidia's settlements were Antioch in Pisidia, Termessos, Cremna, Sagalassos, Etenna, Neapolis, Selge, Tyriacum, Laodiceia Katakekaumene, Adada, and Philomelium.
Natsuna Watanabe
Natsuna Watanabe (渡辺 夏菜, Watanabe Natsuna; born May 23, 1989), better known as just Natsuna (夏菜, Natsuna), is a Japanese actress.

She was born in Saitama Prefecture. When she graduated from high-school she decided to focus her career entirely on acting.
As of 2009, she shortened her stage name and is now simply going by "Natsuna" (夏菜). In 2012, she landed the coveted lead role in the NHK Asadora Jun to Ai after an audition of over 2250 actors.

Saitama Prefecture
Saitama Prefecture (埼玉県, Saitama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜi.ta.ma, sai.ta.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Saitama Prefecture has a population of 7,338,536 (January 1, 2020) and has a geographic area of 3,797 km2 (1,466 sq mi). Saitama Prefecture borders Tochigi Prefecture and Gunma Prefecture to the north, Nagano Prefecture to the west, Yamanashi Prefecture to the southwest, Tokyo to the south, Chiba Prefecture to the southeast, and Ibaraki Prefecture to the northeast.

Saitama is the capital and largest city of Saitama Prefecture, with other major cities including Kawaguchi, Kawagoe, and Tokorozawa.
John Wait McGauvran
John Wait McGauvran (c. 1827 – July 20, 1884) was a merchant and political figure in Quebec. He represented Montréal-Ouest in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1873 to 1878 as a Conservative.

He was born in Glengarry County, Upper Canada, the son of Patrick McGauvran and Elizabeth Wait, and educated at Plantagenet. He owned several sawmills and was also the National Insurance Company director. McGauvran was a justice of the peace. He served as a member of the Montreal city council from 1864 to 1877 and also served as president of the aqueduct commission from 1866 to 1877. He was first elected to the Quebec assembly in an 1873 by-election held after the death of Francis Cassidy. McGauran was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1878. He was buried in the Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery.

Aqueduct (water supply)
An aqueduct is a watercourse constructed to carry water from a source to a distribution point far away. In modern engineering, the term aqueduct is used for any system of pipes, ditches, canals, tunnels, and other structures used for this purpose. The term aqueduct also often refers specifically to a bridge carrying an artificial watercourse.

Aqueducts were used in ancient Greece, the ancient Near East, ancient Rome, ancient Aztec, and ancient Inca. The simplest aqueducts are small ditches cut into the earth. Much larger channels may be used in modern aqueducts. Aqueducts sometimes run for some or all of their path through tunnels constructed underground. Modern aqueducts may also use pipelines. Historically, agricultural societies have constructed aqueducts to irrigate crops and supply large cities with drinking water.
Loffredo
Loffredo is an Italian surname from Campania, derived from the given name Goffredo (Geoffrey). Notable people with the surname include:

Anthony Loffredo (born c. 1988), French extreme body modification artist

Carlo Loffredo (1635–1701), Italian Roman Catholic prelate

Cecilia Loffredo (born 2008), Danish actress

Chris Loffredo Hayes (born 1979), American political commentator and television news anchor

Enrico Loffredo (1507–1547), Italian Roman Catholic prelate

Itala Maria Loffredo D'Ottaviano (born 1944), Brazilian mathematical logician

Todd Loffredo, American table football player

Yela Loffredo (1924–2020), Ecuadorian sculptor, academic and museum director

Chris Hayes
Christopher Loffredo Hayes (/heɪz/; born February 28, 1979) is an American political commentator, television news anchor, and author. Hayes hosts All In with Chris Hayes, a weekday news and opinion television show on MS NOW. Hayes also hosts a weekly MS NOW podcast, Why Is This Happening? Hayes formerly hosted a weekend MSNBC show, Up with Chris Hayes. He is an editor-at-large of The Nation magazine.
Helmut Pniociński
Helmut Wojciech Pniociński (22 February 1944 – 1973) was a Polish handball player who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Chorzów.

In 1972 he was part of the Polish team which finished tenth in the Olympic tournament. He played four matches.

Handball at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Handball at the 1972 Summer Olympics was the second appearance of the sport at the Olympics, returning to the Olympic program after a 36-year absence. The competition was for men only and it was contested by sixteen teams.
Uncobasidium
Uncobasidium is a genus of two species of crust fungi in the Meruliaceae family . The genus was circumscribed by mycologists Kurt Hjorstam and Leif Ryvarden in 1978 with the European fungus U. luteolum as the type species. The South American species U. roseocremeum was added to the genus in 2012. The distinguishing feature of Uncobasidium is the basal hook in the basidium.

Corticioid fungi
The corticioid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota typically having effused, smooth basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are formed on the undersides of dead tree trunks or branches. They are sometimes colloquially called crust fungi or patch fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus Corticium ("corticioid" means Corticium-like) and subsequently to the family Corticiaceae, but it is now known that all corticioid species are not necessarily closely related. The fact that they look similar is an example of convergent evolution. Since they are often studied as a group, it is convenient to retain the informal (non-taxonomic) name of "corticioid fungi" and this term is frequently used in research papers and other texts.
Nand Dulare Bajpai
Aacharya Nand Dulare Bajpai was born in the village Magrair, Unnao. He was a famous Hindi critic. He was born on 27 August 1906 and died on 21 August 1967. He was head of Hindi Department at Kashi Hindu Vishwavidyalaya from 1941-1947. He also served as Vice-Chancellor at Vikram University, Ujjain from 1 October 1965 onwards.

Vikram University
Vikram University is located in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India.

The university was named after the ruler Vikramaditya. It was established in 1957. It was  evaluated by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council and was awarded B++ grade.

The Madhya Pradesh Government has officially rechristened Vikram University as Samrat Vikramaditya University, honouring the legendary emperor. The announcement was made by CM Mohan Yadav at the 29th convocation on March 30, 2025.
Diéguez
Diéguez is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrián Diéguez (born 1996), Spanish footballer

José Diéguez Reboredo (1934–2022), Spanish Roman Catholic prelate

Margarita Diéguez Armas, Mexican diplomat

Míriam Diéguez (born 1986), Spanish footballer

Rosario Hernández Diéguez (1916–1936), Spanish Galician newspaper hawker and trade unionist

Margarita Diéguez Armas
Margarita Diéguez Armas is a Mexican diplomat. She has served as an ambassador and as Chairman of UNICEF.

She has served as Mexico's Ambassador to Tanzania, the OPANAL, Bolivia and the Netherlands. She has also served as Director of Multilateral Relations in the Secretariat of Foreign Affairs. She was Chairman of the UNICEF Executive Board at the international level from 1989 to 1990.
Royal Hunt in Ischl
Royal Hunt in Ischl (German: Hofjagd in Ischl) is a 1955 Austrian-West German historical comedy film directed by Hans Schott-Schöbinger and starring Elma Karlowa, Herta Staal and Hans von Borsody. It is also known by its West German title Two Hearts and a Throne (German: Zwei Herzen und ein Thron). It was shot at the Sievering Studios in Vienna and on location in the Dachstein Mountains, Hallstatt and Gosau. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Hertha Hareiter and Otto Pischinger.

Hallstatt
Hallstatt (German: [ˈhalʃtat] ⓘ) is a small town in the Gmunden District of the Austrian state of Upper Austria. Situated between the southwestern shore of Hallstätter See and the steep slopes of the Dachstein massif, the town lies in the Salzkammergut region, on the national road linking Salzburg and Graz.

Hallstatt is known for its production of salt, dating back to prehistoric times, and gave its name to the Hallstatt culture, the archaeological culture linked to Proto-Celtic and early Celtic people of the Early Iron Age in Europe, c. 800–450 BC.

Hallstatt is at the core of the Hallstatt-Dachstein/Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape declared as one of the World Heritage Sites in Austria by UNESCO in 1997. It is an area of overtourism.
Trunnah Farmhouse
Trunnah Farmhouse is a historic building on Woodland Avenue in Thornton-Cleveleys, Lancashire, England. A former farmhouse with attached barn, dating to 1769, it is in rendered brick with a slate roof. The house has two storeys and a symmetrical front of two bays that contain an oval datestone.  Most of the windows are sashes, and there is also a French window.  At the right end are stone quoins.

An oval datestone on the building states "R M J S 1769".

Farmhouse
A farmhouse is a building that serves as the primary quarters in a rural or agricultural setting. Historically, farmhouses were often combined with space for animals called a housebarn. Other farmhouses may be connected to one or more barns, built to form a courtyard, or with each farm building separate from each other.
Wait (Maroon 5 song)
"Wait" is a song by American pop rock band Maroon 5. It was released on January 16, 2018, to contemporary hit radio as the fourth single from the band's sixth studio album Red Pill Blues (2017). The song was previously released as a promotional single on October 31, 2017. It was written by Adam Levine, John Ryan, Jacob Kasher Hindlin, and Ammar Malik and was produced by Ryan. It served as the third countdown single released from the album following "Whiskey". Critical reception for the song was largely positive, with many critics and fans praising its catchy pop sound, smooth production, and effective use of Adam Levine's falsetto, calling it a highlight of Red Pill Blues.

Sam Farrar
Sam John Farrar (born June 29, 1978) is an American musician. He is best known as a member of the pop band Maroon 5, in which he plays several instruments, primarily bass guitar since 2020, where he took over from Mickey Madden after his departure following an arrest on domestic violence charges. A frequent collaborator with the band since the 1990s, he joined as a touring member in 2012 and was promoted to an official member in 2016. He has also been the bassist for the rock band Phantom Planet since their formation in 1994.
Sifiso Nkabinde
Bhekumusi Gabriel "Sifiso" Nkabinde (24 June 1961 – 23 January 1999) was a South African politician and alleged warlord in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands. He represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature from 1994 until 1997.

Nkabinde gained notoriety in the early 1990s for establishing an active self-defence unit in Richmond, Natal. He was expelled from the ANC in April 1997 for his alleged role in fomenting political violence, as well as on suspicion of having been an informant for the apartheid regime. He subsequently joined the opposition United Democratic Movement (UDM) and was the party's national secretary-general until his assassination in January 1999.

Provincial Executive Committees of the African National Congress
The Provincial Executive Committees (PECs) of the African National Congress (ANC) are the chief executive organs of the party's nine provincial branches. Comprising the so-called “Top Five” provincial officials and up to 30 additional elected members, each is structured similarly to the party's National Executive Committee (NEC) and is elected every four years at party provincial conferences.

The “Top Five” officials at the head of each PEC are the ANC Provincial Chairperson, the political leader of the party in the province; the ANC Provincial Secretary, a full-time party functionary; their respective deputies; and the Provincial Treasurer. With some notable exceptions, especially under President Thabo Mbeki, the Provincial Chairperson often becomes the ANC's candidate for election as Premier in the corresponding provincial government, and other members of the PEC are often appointed to the provincial cabinet as Members of the Executive Council.
Robert Monypenny
Robert Phillips Dearden Monypenny (9 May 1836 — 4 May 1890) was an English first-class cricketer and barrister.

The son of Robert Monypenny, he was born in May 1836 at Rolvenden, Kent. He studied at Trinity College at the University of Oxford. Monypenny played first-class cricket for the Marylebone Cricket Club on two occasions, against Oxford University at Oxford in 1861 and Sussex at Lord's in 1862. He scored 17 runs in these two matches, with a highest score of 8. A student of Lincoln's Inn, he was called to the bar in June 1864. He died at St Leonards-on-Sea in May 1890.

Trinity College, Oxford
Trinity College (full name: The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity in the University of Oxford, of the foundation of Sir Thomas Pope (Knight)) is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. The college was founded in 1555 by Sir Thomas Pope, on land previously occupied by Durham College, home to Benedictine monks from Durham Cathedral.

Despite its large physical size, the college is relatively small in terms of student numbers at approximately 400. It was founded as a men's college and has been coeducational since 1979. As of 2023, the total funds of Trinity amounted to more than £224 million, including a financial endowment of £191 million.

Trinity has produced three British prime ministers, placing it third after Christ Church and Balliol in terms of former students who have held that office.
Vall de Almonacid
Vall de Almonacid is a municipality in the comarca of Alto Palancia, Castellón, Valencia, Spain. The name in Valencian is La Vall d'Almonesir, but the local language is Spanish, not Valencian.

It contains the "Castle of Almonesir".

Province of Castellón
Castellón (Spanish: Provincia de Castellón [kasteˈʎon]); Valencian: Província de Castelló [kasteˈʎo]) is a province in the northern part of the Valencian Community. It is bordered by the provinces of Valencia to the south, Teruel to the west, Tarragona to the north, and by the Mediterranean Sea to the east. The western side of the province is in the mountainous Sistema Ibérico area. It has a population of 627,620.
Blowback (intelligence)
Blowback is the unintended consequences and unwanted side-effects of a covert operation. 
To the civilians suffering the blowback of covert operations, the effect typically manifests itself as "random" acts of political violence without a discernible, direct cause; because the public—in whose name the intelligence agency acted—are unaware of the effected secret attacks that provoked revenge (counter-attack) against them.

Covert operation
A covert operation, clandestine operation or undercover operation is a military or police operation involving a covert agent or troops acting under an assumed cover to conceal the identity of the party responsible.: 5–6
Arnold le Boteler
Arnold le Boteler or Arnold Butler, was a late 11th and early 12th century Norman squire with a penchant for property development. He was the first recorded 'lord' of the Welsh village of Pembrey.

He acquired the tenancy of Dundryfan manor and Dunraven Castle from his lord, Maurice de Londres, around 1128 for services rendered. He is credited with building the first stone building on the site. The annual rent for the manor was three golden cups of wine. Le Boteler also established the manor house and estate which is now known as Court Farm, Pembrey during the reign of William the Conqueror.

His service to Maurice de Londres, for which he received the manor, was the defence of Ogmore Castle while the lord defended against Welsh insurgence, led by Princess Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd, at Kidwelly Castle.

The le Boteler/Butler family crest can be seen in plasterwork in St. Illtud's Church, Pembrey. The le Boteler estate passed to the Earl of Ashburnham.

Illtud
Illtud (Welsh pronunciation: [/ˈɪɬtɨd/] also spelled Illtyd, Eltut, and, in Latin, Hildutus), also known as Illtud Farchog or Illtud the Knight, is venerated as the abbot teacher of the divinity school, Bangor Illtyd, located in Llanilltud Fawr (Llantwit Major) in Glamorgan, Wales. He founded the monastery and college in the 6th century, and the school is believed to be Britain's earliest centre of learning.  At its height, it had over a thousand pupils and schooled many of the great saints of the age, such as David,  Samson of Dol, and the historian Gildas.
Kirkcudbright Castle
Kirkcudbright Castle, was a castle that was located on the banks of the River Dee, in  Kirkcudbright, Scotland.

A motte and bailey castle was built in the 12th century, however this was replaced with another castle in the 13th century to the south west. The castle belonged to the Comyn family but was placed in the care of King Edward I of England. Sir Walter de Corrie became the governor of the castle in 1291 and Richard Siward became the governor of the castle in 1292. King Edward I stayed at the castle in 1300. King Robert the Bruce captured the castle after 1313 and it appears to have been demolished.

Clan Cumming
Clan Cumming (Scottish Gaelic: Na Cuimeinich [nə ˈkʰɯ̃mɛnɪç]), historically known as Clan Comyn, is a Scottish clan from the central Highlands that played a major role in the history of 13th-century Scotland and in the Wars of Scottish Independence. The Clan Comyn was once the most powerful family in 13th-century Scotland, until they were defeated in civil war by their rival to the Scottish throne, Robert the Bruce.
Vavuniya railway station
Vavuniya railway station (Tamil: வவுனியா தொடருந்து நிலையம் Vavuṉiyā toṭaruntu nilaiyam) is a railway station in the city of Vavuniya in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Northern Line which links the north with the capital Colombo. The popular Yarl Devi service calls at the station and the also popular service Rajarata Rejini terminates at the station, which starts at Matara in down south. No services operated north of Vavuniya after 1990 due to the civil war. Reconstruction of this section of the line commenced following the end of the civil war in 2009. Currently services operate up to KKS.

Yal Devi
Yal Devi (Tamil: யாழ் தேவி; Sinhala: යාල් දේවී) is a major express train in Sri Lanka.  Operated by Sri Lanka Railways, the Yal Devi connects Colombo, the nation's commercial hub, with the northern city of Jaffna and its port at Kankesanturai, where the service terminates. From 1990 up to 2015, the service had to terminate at intermediate stations, due to the Sri Lankan civil war. The Northern Line was rebuilt and returned to Jaffna Railway Station by October 2014 and Kankesanturai by January 2015.
Battleplan
Battleplan is a 2006 military television documentary series examining various military strategies used in modern warfare since World War I. It is shown on the Military Channel in the U.S. and Yesterday. Each episode looks at particular military strategy – or "battleplan" – through two well-known historical examples, gauging them against the ideal requirements necessary to successfully conduct that strategy. All the episodes use examples from modern warfare, dating from the First World War (1914–18) up to the Iraq War (2003). Lloyd Clark (Royal Military Academy Sandhurst) and Bruce Gudmundsson (US Army War College) analyze the information and talk about it on the show.

Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (RMAS or RMA Sandhurst), commonly known simply as Sandhurst, is one of several military academies of the United Kingdom and is the British Army's initial officer training centre. It is located in the town of Sandhurst, Berkshire, though its ceremonial entrance is in Camberley, Surrey, southwest of London. All British Army officers (including late-entry officers who were previously Warrant Officers) are trained at the academy, alongside other men and women from overseas. The academy also commands the University Officers' Training Corps (UOTC), which along with the General Staff Centre (GSC) and the Centre for Army Leadership (CAL) are collectively part of the formation known as Sandhurst Group (RMAS Group) part of Home Command.

Sandhurst is the British Army equivalent of the Britannia Royal Naval College and of the Royal Air Force College Cranwell.
Vizcarrondo
Vizcarrondo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Augusto Valentín Vizcarrondo, Puerto Rican politician

Carlos Vizcarrondo (born 1955), Puerto Rican judge and politician

Julio Vizcarrondo (1829–1889), Puerto Rican abolitionist, journalist and politician

Maria Vizcarrondo-De Soto (born c. 1951), Puerto Rican businessperson

Oswaldo Vizcarrondo (born 1984), Venezuelan footballer

Oswaldo Vizcarrondo
Oswaldo Augusto Vizcarrondo Araujo (Spanish pronunciation: [oˈswaldo βiθkaˈrondo], born 31 May 1984) is a Venezuelan professional football manager and former player who played as a centre-back. He is currently the head coach of the Venezuela national football team, having served as the head coach of the under-17 and under-15 teams, as well as the interim coach of the senior team previously.

An international since 2004, Vizcarrondo has reached more than 80 appearances and 7 goals for La Vinotinto and was part of the historical 2011 Copa América fourth place squad.