hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
F. Nnabuenyi Ugonna
Frederick Nnabuenyi Ugonna Listenⓘ, often abbreviated to F. Nnabuenyi Ugonna  (12 October 1936, in Amaokpara/Ihitenansa, Imo State, Nigeria – 5 June 1990, in London) was a Nigerian ethnologist, linguist, and writer. He is best known for his work on the Igbo language and other African languages as well as African literature.

Ugonna was the first who initiated the thesis of J. E. Casely Hayford's Ethiopia Unbound (1911) being the first truly African novel; therefore he wrote an introduction for the book's second edition, which was published by Frank Cass & Co in 1969.

Ugonna died of prostate cancer in 1990 in London.

Igbo language
Igbo (English: /ˈiːboʊ/ EE-boh, US also /ˈɪɡboʊ/ IG-boh; Standard Igbo: Ásụ̀sụ́ Ìgbò [ásʊ̀sʊ̀ ìɡ͡bò] ⓘ) is the principal native language of the Igbo people, an ethnicity in the Southeastern part of Nigeria.

Igbo languages are spoken by a total of 31 million people. The number of Igboid languages depends on how one classifies a language versus a dialect, so there could be around 35 different Igbo languages. The core Igbo cluster, or Igbo proper, is generally thought to be one language but there is limited mutual intelligibility between the different groupings (north, west, south and east). A standard literary language termed 'Igbo izugbe' (meaning "general igbo") was generically developed and later adopted around 1972, with its core foundation based on the Orlu (Isu dialects), Anambra (Awka dialects) and Umuahia (Ohuhu dialects), omitting the nasalization and aspiration of those varieties.
2021 Newcastle City Council election
The 2021 Newcastle City Council election took place on 6 May 2021 to elect members of Newcastle City Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections across the United Kingdom.

One-third of the seats were up for election, with two wards (Byker and Chapel) electing two councillors in by-elections.

In the previous council election in 2019, the Labour Party maintained its control of the council, holding 54 seats after the election. There were twenty Liberal Democrat councillors, three independent councillors and one Newcastle Independent councillor.

Newcastle City Council
Newcastle City Council is the local authority for the city of Newcastle upon Tyne in the ceremonial county of Tyne and Wear in North East England. Newcastle has had a council from medieval times, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1974 the council has been a metropolitan borough council. In 2024 the council became a member of the North East Combined Authority. The council is based at Newcastle Civic Centre.

The council has been under no overall control since November 2024, being run by a minority Labour administration.
Gulani
Gulani is a Local Government Area in Yobe State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Bara.

It has an area of 2,090 km2 and a population of 103,510 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 621.

Yobe State
YobeListenⓘ  is a state located in northeastern Nigeria. A mainly agricultural state, it was created on 27 August 1991. Yobe State was carved out of Borno State. The capital of Yobe State is Damaturu, and its largest city by population is Potiskum, while the largest by land area is Fune. The Potiskum local government area is a place of farmers and marketers; one of the largest cattle market in Africa is located in Potiskum.
Phultala Junction railway station
Phultala Junction railway station is a railway junction in Bangladesh, situated in the Phultala Upazila of Khulna District. It was originally part of the Eastern Bengal State Railway during the British Raj. Phultala Junction is the take off point for the Khulna–Mongla Port Railway.

Khulna District
Khulna District (Bengali: খুলনা জেলা) is a district of Bangladesh. It is located in the Khulna Division, bordered in the north by Jashore District and Narail District, in the south by the Bay of Bengal, in the east by Bagerhat District, and the west by Satkhira District. It was the first sub-division of the United Bengal Province established in 1842. On 1 June 1882, by notification of the official gazette published from Kolkata, Khulna and Bagerhat sub-division of Jashore district and Satkhira sub-division of 24 Parganas district together formed the new district of Khulna.
Chillicothe Commercial Historic District
Chillicothe Commercial Historic District is a national historic district located at Chillicothe, Livingston County, Missouri.   The district encompasses 24 contributing buildings in the central business district and surrounding residential area of Chillicothe. It developed between about 1889 and 1950, and includes representative examples of Queen Anne, Italianate, Beaux Arts, Mission Revival, and Art Deco style architecture. Notable buildings include the Scruby Brothers Building (1893), S. A. Stone Building (c. 1894), Dairy Creme Building (c. 1950), Strand Coffee Shop Building (1936), Strand Hotel and Garage (1925), Norman & Jarvis Funeral Home Building (c. 1916), Empire Theatre (1916), Chillicothe Post Office/Federal Building (1916), Grace & Simpson Apartments (1916), and Loomis Building/Chillicothe Post Office (1898).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Mission Revival architecture
The Mission Revival style was part of an architectural movement, beginning in the late 19th century, for the revival and reinterpretation of American colonial styles. Mission Revival drew inspiration from the late 18th and early 19th century Spanish missions in California. It is sometimes termed California Mission Revival, particularly when used elsewhere, such as in New Mexico and Texas which have their own unique regional architectural styles. In Australia, the style is known as Spanish Mission.

The Mission Revival movement was most popular between 1890 and 1915, in numerous residential, commercial and institutional structures, particularly schools and railroad depots.
Species homogeneity
In ecology, species homogeneity is a lack of biodiversity. Species richness is the fundamental unit in which to assess the homogeneity of an environment. Therefore, any reduction in species richness, especially endemic species, could be argued as advocating the production of a homogeneous environment.

Species richness
Species richness is the number of different species represented in an ecological community, landscape or region. Species richness is simply a count of species, and it does not take into account the abundances of the species or their relative abundance distributions. Species richness is sometimes considered synonymous with species diversity, but the formal metric species diversity takes into account both species richness and species evenness.
Electoral district of Gouger
Gouger was an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia from 1938 to 1977 and which was associated with the town of Balaklava.

Gouger was abolished in a boundary redistribution in 1977.

Electoral districts of South Australia
Since 1970, the South Australian House of Assembly — the lower house of the Parliament of South Australia — has consisted of 47 single-member electoral districts consisting of approximately the same number of enrolled voters. The district boundaries are regulated by the State Electoral Office, according to the requirements of the South Australian Constitution and are subject to mandatory redistributions by the South Australian Electoral Districts Boundaries Commission in order to respond to changing demographics.
Leonardo Music Journal
Leonardo Music Journal is an annual multimedia peer-reviewed academic journal (print and audio CD) published by the MIT Press on behalf of Leonardo, The International Society of the Arts, Sciences and Technology. The journal was established in 1991 and publishes the work of artists who are inventing media, implementing developing technologies, and expanding the boundaries of radical and experimental aesthetics. The journal is a companion volume to Leonardo. The editor-in-chief is Roger Malina (University of Texas at Dallas).

MIT Press
The MIT Press is the university press of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The MIT Press publishes a number of academic journals and has been a pioneer in the open access movement in academic publishing.
Avonmouth Old Boys RFC
Avonmouth Old Boys Rugby Football Club is an English rugby union team based in Shirehampton in Bristol. The club run three men senior teams, a vets side, a ladies team, a colts side and a youth section featuring the full range of age-groups including three girls' age groups. The first XV play in Western Counties North, a level-seven league in the English rugby union system.

Champ Rugby
Champ Rugby (formerly the RFU Championship) is an English rugby union competition among fourteen clubs. It is the second level of men's English rugby and is played by both professional and semi-professional players. The competition has existed since 1987, when English clubs were first organised into leagues. Historically the competition provided automatic promotion to the top-flight PREM Rugby, but following a vote by the RFU Council on 27 February 2026, automatic promotion and relegation between the two tiers was abolished from the 2026–27 season. Champ Rugby remains a required pathway to the PREM under the new criteria-based expansion model, under which any club seeking admission to the PREM must first have played at least one season in the Champ.
15th Regiment of Light Dragoons
Two cavalry regiments of the British Army have been numbered the 15th Regiment of Light Dragoons:

Duke of Cumberland's Regiment of Light Dragoons, raised in 1746 and disbanded in 1749

15th The King's Hussars, raised in 1759, redesignated a Hussar regiment in 1807

15th The King's Hussars
The 15th The King's Hussars was a cavalry regiment in the British Army. First raised in 1759, it saw service over two centuries, including the First World War, before being amalgamated with the 19th Royal Hussars into the 15th/19th The King's Royal Hussars in 1922.
Henry Otho
Henry Otho (February 6, 1888 – June 6, 1940) was an American actor. He has worked in The Big Stampede (1932), Mary Stevens (1933), Hard to Handle (1933), The Mayor of Hell (1933), Baby Face (1933), Mandalay (1934), Wonder Bar (1934), Stranded (1935), My Bill (1938), The Fighting Devil Dogs (1938), Overland Stage Raiders (1938), Each Dawn I Die (1939).

Overland Stage Raiders
Overland Stage Raiders is a 1938 "Three Mesquiteers" Western film starring John Wayne and directed by George Sherman. The film is notable for being the final film in which silent film icon Louise Brooks performed. Wayne played the lead in eight of the fifty-one films in the popular series.

Production of the film began on August 4, 1938. It was filmed on location at Iverson Movie Ranch in Chatsworth, Los Angeles, and at the now defunct Conejo Valley Airport in Thousand Oaks, California.
Political party strength in Ohio
The following table indicates the party of elected officials in the U.S. state of Ohio:

Governor

Lieutenant Governor

Attorney General

Secretary of State

State Treasurer

State Auditor

The table also indicates the historical party composition in the:

State Senate

State House of Representatives

State Supreme Court

State delegation to the U.S. Senate

State delegation to the U.S. House of Representatives

For years in which a presidential election was held, the table indicates which party's nominees received the state's electoral votes. Also indicated is the party that controlled the Ohio Apportionment Board, which draws legislative districts for the Ohio General Assembly in the years following the United States Census.

Ohio Secretary of State
The secretary of state of Ohio is an elected statewide official in the state of Ohio. The secretary of state is responsible for overseeing elections in the state; registering business entities (corporations, etc.) and granting them the authority to do business within the state; registering secured transactions; and granting access to public documents.

From 1803 to 1851, the Ohio secretary of state was elected by the Ohio General Assembly to a three-year term. The 1851 Ohio Constitution made the office elective, with a two-year term. In 1954, the office's term was extended to four years. The secretary of state is elected in even-numbered, off cycle years, (no Presidential elections), after partisan primary elections.
2022 GT World Challenge Asia
The 2022 Fanatec GT World Challenge Asia Powered by AWS was the fourth season of the GT World Challenge Asia, an auto racing series for grand tourer cars in Asia co-promoted by the SRO Motorsports Group and Team Asia One GT Management. The races were contested with GT3-spec and GT4-spec cars. The season began on 20 May at Sepang in Malaysia and was scheduled to end on 23 October at the new Mandalika Circuit in Indonesia, however the round was cancelled due to homologation issues, therefore the championship finished at the Okayama International Circuit in Japan. It was the second season of the unification of GT3 sprint series across the globe under the World Challenge name and the first since Blancpain ended its title sponsorship of the series.

SRO Motorsports Group
SRO Motorsports Group (formerly the Stéphane Ratel Organisation) is an international sporting organisation best known for promoting and running a variety of racing events and series, including the CrowdStrike 24 Hours of Spa, Intercontinental GT Challenge and Fanatec GT World Challenge Europe.

The company was founded in 1995 by Stéphane Ratel and is now considered the global leader in GT racing. SRO also organises the multi-disciplinary FIA Motorsport Games, as well as e-sports events and touring car categories. As of 2020 it keeps offices in London, Paris, Liège and Hong Kong, while Ratel continues to act as CEO.
Micri-
Micri- (unit symbol mc-) is an archaic non-SI decimal metric prefix for 10−14.

It was proposed as a prefix for the CGS-unit of energy, the erg. The micrierg was proposed in 1922 by William Draper Harkins as a unit of energy equating to 10−14 erg, the equivalent to 10−21 joule, as a convenient unit to measure the surface energy of molecules in surface chemistry. It saw limited use. One electronvolt is about 160 micriergs. In 1991, the micrierg was officially designated the zeptojoule when the zepto- prefix for 10−21 was officially adopted.

Electronvolt
In physics, an electronvolt (symbol eV), also written as electron-volt and electron volt, is a unit of measurement equivalent to the amount of kinetic energy gained by a single electron accelerating through an electric potential difference of one volt in a vacuum. When used as a unit of energy, the numerical value of 1 eV expressed in unit of joules (symbol J) is equal to the numerical value of the charge of an electron in coulombs (symbol C). Under the 2019 revision of the SI, this sets 1 eV equal to the exact value 1.602176634×10−19 J.
Historically, the electronvolt was devised as a standard unit of measure through its usefulness in electrostatic particle accelerator sciences, because a particle with electric charge q gains an energy E = qV after passing through a voltage of V.
Wings of Freedom Flitplane
The Wings of Freedom Flitplane is an American single-seat, high-wing, single-engine ultralight aircraft that is available as a kit aircraft or as plans for amateur construction from Wings of Freedom of Hubbard, Ohio.

The Flitplane was designed as a low-cost aircraft with the look of an antique aircraft design for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles category with its maximum 254 lb (115 kg) empty weight requirement.

In late 2019 the company website had been taken down and it is likely that production had ended.

Hirth F-33
The Hirth F-33 is a single cylinder, two stroke, carburetted aircraft engine designed for use on ultralight aircraft, including powered paragliders and ultralight trikes. The engine is noted for its extremely light base weight of 35 lb (16 kg). It is manufactured by Hirth of Germany.
2020 Dow Tennis Classic – Doubles
Olga Govortsova and Valeria Savinykh were the defending champions but Govortsova chose not to participate.

Savinykh partnered Yanina Wickmayer, but lost in the final to Caroline Dolehide and Maria Sanchez, 6–3, 6–4.

Valeria Savinykh
Valeria Dmitrievna Savinykh (Russian: Валерия Дмитриевна Савиных; born 20 February 1991) is an inactive Russian tennis player.

In April 2012, she achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 99. On 20 November 2017, she peaked at No. 98 in the WTA doubles rankings. Savinykh has won ten singles and 23 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit, along with one doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour.
Pilot (Gotham)
"Pilot" is the first episode of the television series Gotham. It premiered on FOX on September 22, 2014 and was written by series developer Bruno Heller and directed by Danny Cannon. The episode, and the series as a whole, are based on characters appearing in and published by DC Comics in the Batman franchise, primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne. FOX gave the pilot a straight-to-series order with an order of 16 episodes.

The pilot was watched by 8.21 million viewers, a strong number and received generally positive reviews for its acting and plot, but received criticism for its pace and subplots.

Batman (franchise)
The DC Comics character Batman has been adapted into various media including film, radio, television, and video games, as well as numerous merchandising items. The Batman franchise has become one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time.
Self Made Vol. 2
Self Made Vol. 2 is the second compilation album by MMG. The album was released on June 26, 2012, by Maybach Music Group and Warner Bros. Records. Like the previous album, Self Made Vol. 2 features contributions from members signed to the MMG label including Rick Ross, Wale, Meek Mill, Stalley, French Montana and Omarion along with Gunplay of Triple C's.

The album features guest appearances from Kendrick Lamar, Nas, Nipsey Hussle, Wiz Khalifa, Roscoe Dash, T-Pain, Ace Hood, Bun B & T.I. Producers on the album include Boi-1da, Don Cannon, Cardiak, Lee Major, The Beat Bully, and many more.

Don Cannon
Donald Cannon (born August 2, 1979) is an American DJ, record producer, and record executive who served as Vice President of A&R at Def Jam Recordings from 2012 to 2018. With DJ Drama, he is the co-founder of the record label Generation Now, an imprint of Atlantic Records that has signed artists including Lil Uzi Vert and Jack Harlow. Furthermore, Cannon and DJ Drama are members of the Atlanta-based mixtape collective, Aphilliates Music Group.

As a record producer, Cannon has produced singles and albums for artists including Jeezy, Logic, Lil Uzi Vert, Lil Wayne, Ludacris, 50 Cent, and Eminem, among others.
Vrddha Garga
Garga, also known as Vṛddha Garga ("Garga the Elder"), was an ancient Indian scholar of jyotisha. Several Sanskrit-language jyotiḥśāstra works - covering topics such as astrology, astronomy, and divination - are attributed to him. These works were written over several centuries, and are obviously not the work of a single author. Modern scholars generally date the oldest of these works - Gargiya-jyotisha - to the 1st century CE, although the source materials for these works may be much older.

David Pingree
David Edwin Pingree (January 2, 1933 – November 11, 2005) was an American historian of mathematics in the ancient world. He was a University Professor and Professor of History of Mathematics and Classics at Brown University.
Andricus confertus
Andricus confertus, the convoluted gall wasp, is a fairly common species of cynipid wasp that produces galls on oak trees in California in North America. This gall, with its pink, brain-like appearance, is actually a cluster of galls. In summer, parthenogenetic female larvae induce these galls on the underside of valley oak leaves, along the midrib. Adult wasps emerge the following spring. These adult females are brown with lighter markings, and are 2.5 millimetres (0.098 in) in length.

Quercus lobata
Quercus lobata, commonly called the valley oak or roble, is the largest of the California oaks. It is endemic to the state, growing in interior valleys and foothills from Siskiyou to San Diego counties. Deciduous, it requires year-round groundwater, and may live up to 600 years. Its thick, ridged bark (resembling alligator hide) and deeply lobed leaves are characteristic, and assist in identification.
Immersion Corporation
Immersion Corporation is an Aventura, Florida based developer and licensor of touch feedback technology, also known as haptic technology. Immersion Corporation has been accused of being a patent troll. Founded in 1993 by Louis Rosenberg, it is currently headed by lawyer Francis Jose, who serves as both chief executive officer and general counsel.

Aventura, Florida
Aventura is a planned suburban city in northeastern Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States, 15 miles (24 km) north of Miami and part of the Miami metropolitan area. The city is especially known for Aventura Mall, the fifth largest mall in the United States by total square feet of retail space and the largest mall in Florida.

The city name is from the Spanish word for "adventure", and was named "Aventura" after the developers of the original group of condominiums in the area, Eddie Lewis and Don Soffer, who had remarked "What an adventure this is going to be."

As of the 2020 census, the city population was 40,242, up from 35,762 in 2010.
Nikolay Chernetskiy
Nikolay Nikolayevich Chernetskiy (Russian: Николай Николаевич Чернецкий; born 29 November 1959 in Frunze, Kirghiz SSR) is a retired track and field sprinter from the Soviet Union.

He is known for winning the gold medal in the men's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1980 Summer Olympics and at the inaugural 1983 World Championships (with Aleksandr Troshchilo, Sergey Lovachov, and Viktor Markin, clocking a total time of 3:00.79 min).

Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
The Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic (Kirghiz SSR) was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991. It was also known by the names Kyrgyzstan and Soviet Kyrgyzstan in the Kyrgyz language, as well as Kirghizia and Soviet Kirghizia in the Russian language. Landlocked and mountainous, it bordered Tajikistan and China to the south, Uzbekistan to the west and Kazakhstan to the north. The Kirghiz branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union governed the republic from 1936 until 1990.

On 30 October 1990, the Kirghiz SSR was renamed to the Socialist Republic of Kyrgyzstan; on 15 December, after declaring its state sovereignty, it was renamed again to the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. On 31 August 1991, it transformed into independent Kyrgyzstan.
Pennock (surname)
Pennock is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham L. Pennock (1786–1868), American abolitionist and inventor

Adrian Pennock (born 1971), English football manager

Alexander Mosely Pennock (1813–1876), officer of the United States Navy

Christopher Pennock (born 1944), American actor

Ellen Pennock (born 1988), Canadian triathlete

Herb Pennock (1894–1948), American baseball player

Joni Pennock, American talk show host

Lon Pennock (1945–2020), Dutch artist

Robert Pennock (1936–2019), Canadian politician

Robert T. Pennock, American philosopher

Stan Pennock (1892–1916), American football player

Tony Pennock (born 1971), Welsh goalkeeper and coach

Raymond Pennock, Baron Pennock (1920–1993), British industrialist

Tony Pennock
Anthony Pennock (born 10 April 1971 in Swansea) is a Welsh football coach and former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He is currently manager of Cymru Premier side Haverfordwest County.