hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Deuterium arc lamp
A deuterium arc lamp (or simply deuterium lamp) is a low-pressure gas-discharge light source often used in spectroscopy when a continuous spectrum in the ultraviolet region is needed.

Plasma "arc" or discharge lamps using hydrogen are notable for their high output in the ultraviolet, with comparatively little output in the visible and infrared. This is similar to the situation in a hydrogen flame. Arc lamps made with ordinary light-hydrogen (hydrogen-1) provide a very similar UV spectrum to deuterium, and have been used in UV spectroscopes. However, lamps using deuterium have a longer life span and an emissivity (intensity) at the far end of their UV range which is three to five times that of an ordinary hydrogen arc bulb, at the same temperature. Deuterium arc lamps, therefore, despite being several times more expensive, are considered a superior light source to light-hydrogen arc lamps, for the shortwave UV range.

Spectrum (physical sciences)
In the physical sciences, spectrum describes any continuous range of either frequency or wavelength values.  The term  initially referred to the range of observed colors as white light is dispersed through a prism — introduced to optics by Isaac Newton in the 17th century.

The concept was later expanded to other waves, such as sound waves and sea waves that also present a variety of frequencies and wavelengths (e.g., noise spectrum, sea wave spectrum). Starting from Fourier analysis, the concept of spectrum expanded to signal theory, where the signal can be graphed as a function of frequency and information can be placed in selected ranges of frequency. Presently, any quantity directly dependent on, and measurable along the range of, a continuous independent variable can be graphed along its range or spectrum.  Examples are the range of electron energy in electron spectroscopy or the range of mass-to-charge ratio in mass spectrometry.
Turnu Fortress
The medieval fortress of Turnu (English: tower, Turkish: Kule, also known as Nicopolis minor, Holavnic) is located in the southern part of Turnu Măgurele at a distance of 3 km from the city and 1 km from the confluence of the Olt and Danube rivers in today's Romania. The fortress is documented during the reign of Mircea the Elder (1394) and was built on the Danube line for the defense of Wallachia against the Turkish peril. At the end of the reign of Mircea the Elder, under unclear circumstances, it came under Ottoman occupation to return to the possession of Wallachia only in 1829 when it was burned and demolished.

It is part of the historical monuments list in Teleorman County. Starting in October 2018, it is in a process of restoration and consolidation.

Vlad I of Wallachia
Vlad I (? – 1396/97?) known as Uzurpatorul (the Usurper), was a ruler of Wallachia in what later became Romania. He usurped the throne from Mircea I of Wallachia. His rule lasted barely three years, from October/November 1394 to January 1397, while others suggest that the accurate ruling period was from May 1395 to December 1396.
Eisenträger
Eisenträger or Eisentrager is a surname. Notable people with this name include:

Alois Eisenträger (1927–2017), a German footballer

Kirsten Eisenträger, an American mathematician

Stian Eisenträger, a Norwegian journalist

Thor Eisentrager, an American musician

Stian Eisenträger
Stian Andre Ebbesvik Eisenträger (born 1984) is a Norwegian journalist and since January 2024 the editor-in-chief of the fact-checking website Faktisk.no. Eisenträger worked as a foreign affairs journalist at Verdens Gang from 2007 to 2020, and was the newspaper's acting head of foreign news. In 2020 he became the editor-in-chief of Forsvarets forum. He also worked as a journalist at Forsvarets forum from 2003 to 2004, when serving his conscription service in the Norwegian military. In 2018 he was one of the recipients of the Internasjonal Reporter Prize at SKUP, for the article series "Det hvite raseriet."
Francis Land House
The Francis Land House, or Rose Hall, is a historic brick house in located within the Rose Hall District near Princess Anne Plaza in Virginia Beach, Virginia. It was the plantation home of the prominent Land family, a founding family of Princess Anne County, Virginia.

Princess Anne County, Virginia
County of Princess Anne is a former county in the British Colony of Virginia and the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States, first incorporated in 1691.  The county was merged into the independent city of  Virginia Beach on January 1, 1963, ceasing to exist.
2012 IFA Shield final
The 2012 IFA Shield final was the 116th final of the IFA Shield, the second oldest football competition in India, and was contested between Kolkata clubs East Bengal and Prayag United on 16 March 2012.

East Bengal won the final 4–2 via penalties after the game remained goal-less after extra-time, to claim their 28th IFA Shield title.

United SC
The United Sports Club (Bengali: ইউনাইটেড স্পোর্টস ক্লাব) is a professional football club based in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. United SC was founded in 1927. The club competes in the I-League 2, as well as the Calcutta Football League, the oldest football league in Asia.

United SC soon emerged as one of the most successful teams from the state in 2010s, after Mohun Bagan and East Bengal. The club previously participated in I-League, which was then top flight of Indian football league system. The club mostly uses Kalyani Stadium as home ground.
Potli Baba Ki
Potli Baba Ki (literally Baba's Bag, can be inferred as Baba's Tales) (1991) is  an Indian children's puppet television series aired in India in 1991 on Doordarshan. It featured various fairy tales in simple language and used to give good moral messages to children. The title song "Aaya Re Baba" was sung by Vinod Sehgal and  composed by Hindustani the poet and lyricist Gulzar, who was also the co-producer, director and writer of the show.

The series has two parts: "Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves" (ten episodes) and "Aladdin and the Magic Lamp" (ten episodes).

Aladdin
Aladdin (/əˈlædɪn/ ə-LAD-in; Arabic: علاء الدين, romanized: ʻAlāʼu d-Dīn/ʻAlāʼ ad-Dīn, IPA: [ʕalaːʔ adˈdiːn], ATU 561, 'Aladdin') is a Middle-Eastern folk tale. It is one of the best-known tales associated with One Thousand and One Nights (often known in English as The Arabian Nights), despite not being part of the original text; it was added by the Frenchman Antoine Galland, based on a folk tale that he heard from the Syrian storyteller Hanna Diyab.
2006 Thailand Open – Singles
The 2006 Thailand Open was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 4th edition of the Thailand Open, and was part of the International Series of the 2006 ATP Tour. It took place at the Impact Arena in Bangkok, Thailand, from September 25 through October 1, 2006. James Blake won in the final 6–3, 6–1 against Ivan Ljubičić.

Impact, Muang Thong Thani
Impact, Muang Thong Thani (Thai: ศูนย์แสดงสินค้าและการประชุม อิมแพ็ค เมืองทองธานี) is a commercial complex consisting of the Impact Arena, a convention centre, and exhibition halls, located in Muang Thong Thani in Pak Kret District of Nonthaburi Province, a northern suburb of Bangkok, Thailand.

It has been considered as the second largest exhibition and convention venue in Asia with an indoor floor space of over 140,000 m2. Its Challenger Hall is currently the world's largest column-free exhibition hall. The venue hosts over 490 events and welcomes over 15 million visitors each year.
Cabinet Secretary (Bangladesh)
The highest ranking civil servant is the Chief of the Cabinet Secretariat of the People's Republic of Bangladesh who is also the Cabinet Secretary. He is ex-officio Chairman of the Superior Selection Board and head of all civil services under the Rules of Business of the Government of Bangladesh. He also holds the 12th position in the Warrant of Precedence of Bangladesh. Cabinet Secretary is appointed from Bangladesh Civil Service (Administration) Cadre, known as Bangladesh Administrative Service.

The current Cabinet Secretary of the Republic is Dr. Nasimul Gani. He is the 26th Cabinet Secretary to the government of Bangladesh. The Cabinet Secretary is considered as arguably the most powerful civil servant in Bangladesh.

Order of precedence in Bangladesh
The order of precedence in Bangladesh, officially known as Warrant of Precedence, is a symbolic hierarchy that lays down the relative precedence in terms of ranks of important functionaries belonging to the executive, legislative and judicial organs of the state, including members of the foreign diplomatic corps. When a person holds more than one position, the highest position is considered. The Warrant of Precedence was challenged by a writ petition. On November 10, 2016, the Appellate Division of the Bangladesh Supreme Court issued a full judgment on the writ of Warrant of Precedence. The Government filed a review petition, thought the Appellate Division did not stay the execution of the judgment. Cabinet division revised and published a new warrant of precedence in July 2020 which contradicts the judgement of the Supreme Court on Warrant of Precedence.
Khorasani Baloch
The Baloch of Khorasan (Balochi: خراسانءِ بلۏچ) are a group of Baloch people who settled in Khorasan. This group migrated from Balochistan to Khorasan and settled mainly in Birjand, Sabzevar, Quchan, Neishabur, Sarakhs and other cities of Khorasan.

Quchan
Quchan (Persian: قوچان; pronounced [quˈtʃɑːn, ɢoˈtʃɒːn]) is a city in the Central District of Quchan County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is approximately 97 km south of the border city of Ashgabat, capital city of the neighboring country Turkmenistan.

The city of Quchan has been considered in the past due to its historical location, including having 140 historical monuments and having 32 monuments registered in the list of national monuments and 20 attractive tourist areas. Nader Shah was assassinated on 20 June 1747, at Quchan in Khorasan.

This city has trained famous scholars, mystics, thinkers, poets and heroes. Heroes such as Jafar Gholi Zangli and Noei khaboushani and Ahmad Vafadar who technically struck the heroes Abbas Zandi and Gholamreza Takhti and won the wrestling armband for three consecutive national championships.
Local government in Dublin
Local government in Dublin, the capital city of Ireland, is currently administered through the local authorities of four local government areas (the city of Dublin and the counties of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Fingal and South Dublin). The historical development of these councils dates back to medieval times.

Fingal
Fingal (English:  /ˈfɪŋɡɔːl/ FING-gawl; from Irish Fine Gall, meaning 'foreign tribe') is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Eastern and Midland Region. It is one of three successor counties to County Dublin, which was disestablished for administrative purposes in 1994. Its name is derived from the medieval territory of Scandinavian foreigners (Irish: gaill) that settled in the area. Fingal County Council is the local authority for the county. In 2022 the population of the county was 330,506, making it the second most populated council in Dublin and the third most populous county in the state.
Cedar Park station
Cedar Park station is a commuter rail station operated by Exo in Pointe-Claire, Quebec. It is served by Exo line 11 - Vaudreuil/Hudson.

As of October 2020, on weekdays, 10 of 11 inbound trains and 10 of 12 outbound trains on the line call at this station; the others skip this stop. On weekends, all trains (four on Saturday and three on Sunday in each direction) call here.

The station is located north of Autoroute 20, about 250 m west of Boulevard Saint-Jean. It has two side platforms; access between them is provided by a walkway tunnel with a headhouse on either side. The tunnel also gives access to an open-air walkway south of the station that passes under the highway and two of its ramps to connect with Cedar Avenue on the south side of the highway.

A station was located here by 1909.

Commuter rail in North America
Commuter rail services in the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Panama, and Costa Rica provide common carrier passenger transportation along railway tracks, with scheduled service on fixed routes on a non-reservation basis, primarily for short-distance (local) travel between a central business district and adjacent suburbs and regional travel between cities of a conurbation. It does not include rapid transit or light rail service.
Fortified granaries of Aures
The Fortified granaries of Aures known as "taq'liath" in Shawiya, are a multi-storied defensible structures used for storing crops as well as a refuge during times of conflict. They were described in ancient times by Roman and Arab sources alike. 11th century Andalusian historian, Al-Bakri, specified that Aures had a large number of fortresses surrounded by water streams, These were dwellings of the Miknasa and Houara Berber tribes. in 1878, the fortresses were rediscovered by French anthropologist Émile Masqueray who produced a picturesque description of these "Eagle nests".

Al-Bakri
Abū ʿUbayd ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Muḥammad ibn Ayyūb ibn ʿAmr al-Bakrī (Arabic: أبو عبيد عبد الله بن عبد العزيز بن محمد بن أيوب بن عمرو البكري), or simply al-Bakrī (c. 1040–1094) was an Arab Andalusian historian and a geographer of the Muslim West.
Esa Pirnes
Esa Lasse Juhani Pirnes (born April 1, 1977) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey centre. He played most of his career, which lasted from 1995 to 2016, in the Finnish Liiga. He also played 57 games in the National Hockey League with the Los Angeles Kings during the 2003–04 season, after the Kings selected him in the 6th round (174th overall) of the 2003 NHL Entry Draft. Internationally Pirnes played for the Finnish national team at four World Championships, winning two bronze medals.

Finland men's national ice hockey team
The Finnish men's national ice hockey team, nicknamed Leijonat / Lejonen ("The Lions" in Finnish and Swedish), is governed by the Finnish Ice Hockey Association. Finland is one of the most successful national ice hockey teams in the world and a member of the so-called "Big Six", the unofficial group of the six strongest men's ice hockey nations, along with Canada, the United States, Czechia, Russia, and Sweden.

Finland won the world championship in 2022, their fourth title after 1995, 2011 and 2019. A duo of silver medals (1988, 2006) remained the country's best Olympic result until 2022 when the Finns won their first Olympic gold after defeating Russia. At the Canada/World Cup, their best achievement is a silver medal which they won in 2004.
Anguilla Progressive Movement
The Anguilla Progressive Movement (APM) is a political party in Anguilla. The party was named the Anguilla United Movement (AUM) until being rebranded in 2019 alongside new leaders and colours. It was founded in early 1980 by Ronald Webster and "his former political rivals", Hubert Hughes and Colonel Claudius Roberts. Under various names, it was originally a vehicle for Ronald Webster and his supporters.

Anguilla
Anguilla is a British Overseas Territory in the Caribbean. It is one of the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles, lying east of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and directly north of Saint Martin. The territory consists of the main island of Anguilla, approximately 16 miles (26 kilometres) long by 3 miles (5 km) wide at its widest point, together with a number of much smaller islands and cays with no permanent population. The territory's capital is The Valley. The total land area of the territory is 35 square miles (91 km2), with a population of approximately 15,753 in 2021.
Brent Huff
Brent Huff (born March 11, 1961 in Springfield, Missouri) is an American actor, writer and film director. Huff is best known for his recurring role of Quigley Smitty in the ABC dramas The Rookie and The Rookie: Feds.  He has also had recurring roles in Shameless, Pensacola: Wings of Gold and Black Scorpion. Some of Huff's other television appearances include Mad Men, The West Wing, NCIS, Jag, and Cold Case.

Huff has written and directed many award-winning feature films and documentaries including The Jackie Stiles Story, It's a Rockabilly World, Cat City, Chasing Beauty, Welcome to Paradise, A Genie's Tail and 100 Mile Rule.

Jackie Stiles
Jackie Marie Stiles (born December 21, 1978) is an American college basketball coach who was formerly an assistant coach for the University of Oklahoma women's basketball team and at Missouri State University. Stiles set several scoring records while playing shooting guard in college and was inducted into the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame in 2016.
José Díaz (rugby union)
José Díaz (born 31 March 1963, in Valencia) is a former Spanish rugby union player. He played as a flanker.

Díaz played for Castres Olympique, in France, from 1986/87 to 2001/02, winning the French Championship in 1992/93 who beat Grenoble 14-11 in the final, in a match decided by an irregular try accorded by the referee, being a runners-up in 1994/95, and also the Cup of France, in 1992/93.

He had 10 caps for Spain, from 1997 to 1999, scoring 1 try, 5 points in aggregate. He was selected for the 1999 Rugby World Cup, playing in all the three games.

FC Grenoble Rugby
The Football Club de Grenoble Rugby (FCG) is a French rugby union club based in Grenoble and founded in 1892.

FCG was champion of France in 1954 and runner-up in 1993 during a controversial final, being deprived of the title of champion of France following a refereeing error.

The club also won the Challenge Yves du Manoir in 1987 and was finalist in 1969, 1986 and 1990.

FC Grenoble played in the Top 14, the top level of the French league system, for the 2019–2020 season, but were relegated to Pro D2 at the season end.
Grenoble have played home matches at the Stade des Alpes (capacity 20,068) since 2014–2015. The club's colors are red and blue.
The FCG is currently chaired by Patrick Goffi.
The first team is supervised by several specialists: Aubin Hueber as head coach, Nicolas Nadau senior coach, Patrick Pézery forwards coach and Tom Palmer defence coach.
Division No. 4, Alberta
Division No. 4 is a census division in Alberta, Canada. It is located in the northeast corner of southern Alberta and its largest urban community is the Town of Hanna. The census division contains all of Alberta's Special Areas as well as the Municipal District of Acadia. Division No. 4 is the smallest census division in Alberta according to population.

Southern Alberta
Southern Alberta is a region located in the Canadian province of Alberta.  In 2016, the region's population was approximately 291,112. The primary cities are Lethbridge and Medicine Hat. The region is known mostly for agricultural production, but other sectors, such as alternative energy, film production and tourism, are emerging.
Oxaziridine
An oxaziridine is an organic molecule that features a three-membered heterocycle containing oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon. In their largest industrial application, oxaziridines are intermediates in the production of hydrazine.  Oxaziridine derivatives are also used as specialized organic chemistry reagents for a variety of enantioselective oxidations and aminations.  Oxaziridines also serve as precursors to nitrones and participate in [3+2] cycloadditions with various heterocumulenes to form substituted five-membered heterocycles.

Some oxaziridines also have the property of a high barrier to inversion of the nitrogen, allowing for the possibility of chirality at the nitrogen center.

Wender Taxol total synthesis
Wender Taxol total synthesis in organic chemistry describes a Taxol total synthesis (one of six to date) by the group of Paul Wender at Stanford University published in 1997. This synthesis has much in common with the Holton Taxol total synthesis in that it is a linear synthesis starting from a naturally occurring compound with ring construction in the order A,B,C,D. The Wender effort is shorter by approximately 10 steps.

Raw materials for the preparation of Taxol by this route include verbenone, prenyl bromide, allyl bromide, propiolic acid, Gilman reagent, and Eschenmoser's salt.
Battle of Mieniany
The Battle of Mieniany (Polish: Bitwa pod Mienianami, Ukrainian: Бій під Мінянами; 15 August 1943) was fought between the Battalion “Ryś” of the Peasant Battalions and 20 AK partisans from Companies “Pogoń” and “Grażyna” of the Home Army under the command of Stanisław Basaj and Stefan Kwaśniewski against the Ukrainian Auxiliary Police in the Hrubieszów County of the Lublin Voivodeship.

Hrubieszów County
Hrubieszów County (Polish: powiat hrubieszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland, on the border with Ukraine. It was established on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Hrubieszów, which lies 104 kilometres (65 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.

The county covers an area of 1,269.40 square kilometres (490.1 sq mi). As of 2019, its total population is 63,320, out of which the population of Hrubieszów is 17,634 and the rural population is 45.686.
Charlotte Akervik
Charlotte Akervik (born February 17, 2001) is an American professional ice hockey defenceman for Djurgårdens IF in the Swedish Women's Hockey League. She previously won the 2024–25 Walter Cup with the Minnesota Frost of the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). She played college ice hockey at Minnesota State.

Walter Cup
The Walter Cup (French: La coupe Walter) is a trophy awarded to the winner of the PWHL Finals, an annual best-of-five series that determines the champion of the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). It is named in honor of PWHL co-founder Mark Walter and his wife Kimbra. The only team to have won the Cup since its establishment is the Minnesota Frost, with victories in both 2024 and 2025.
Pembina Valley Twisters
The Pembina Valley Twisters are a junior ice hockey team based in Morris, Manitoba, Canada. A member of the Manitoba Major Junior Hockey League (MMJHL), the Twisters play their home games at Morris Multiplex.

Manitoba Major Junior Hockey League
The Manitoba Major Junior Hockey League (MMJHL) is a junior ice hockey league in Manitoba, Canada.  Founded in 1970, the league was operated as an independent league. MMJHL affiliated with Hockey Manitoba and Hockey Canada in the mid-1990s. Teams compete annually for the Art Moug Trophy (regular season winner) and Jack McKenzie Trophy (playoff champion).
Charles Coote, 1st Earl of Mountrath
Charles Coote, 1st Earl of Mountrath (c. 1609 – 18 December 1661) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and politician from County Roscommon. A strong advocate of the Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland, he fought for Parliament and the Commonwealth in the 1641 to 1652 Irish Confederate Wars. Coote also sat as an MP, and held various senior administrative posts, including Lord President of Connaught.

County Roscommon
County Roscommon (Irish: Contae Ros Comáin) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the province of Connacht and the Northern and Western Region. It is the 11th largest Irish county by area and 26th most populous. Its county town and largest town is Roscommon. Roscommon County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 70,259 as of the 2022 census.