hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crescenzago
Crescenzago (Lombard: Crescenzagh [kreʃẽˈsaːk], historically Carscenzagh) is a district (quartiere) of Milan, Italy, part of the Zone 2 administrative division, north-east of the city centre. It became part of Milan in 1923; prior to that, it was an independent borgo (town). The town is traversed by the Naviglio Martesana canal. The district houses several historical buildings, most notably a 12th Century abbey and several villas from the 18th Century. It also has notable green areas, such as part of the Lambro park, as well as industrial archeological features, most notably the abandoned Ovomaltina factory.

The Milan Metro subway (Line 2) stops at Crescenzago.

Villa
A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house that provided an escape from urban life. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became small farming compounds, which were increasingly fortified in Late Antiquity, sometimes transferred to the Church for reuse as a monastery. They gradually re-evolved through the Middle Ages into elegant upper-class country homes. In the early modern period, any comfortable detached house with a garden near a city or town was likely to be described as a villa; most surviving villas have now been engulfed by suburbia. In modern parlance, "villa" can refer to various types and sizes of residences, ranging from the suburban semi-detached double villa to, in some countries, especially around the Mediterranean, residences of above average size in the countryside.
Modern Combat
Modern Combat is a series of shooter video games developed and published by Gameloft mainly for Android and iOS. All installments in the series play similarly to that of the Call of Duty and Battlefield franchises and feature multiple missions in varied environments with different tasks for players to complete. The main enemies in the games are terrorists, and often, the player is accompanied by other soldiers who fight alongside them. Modern Combat: Sandstorm is the first game in the Modern Combat series and was followed by 2010's Modern Combat 2: Black Pegasus, 2011's Modern Combat 3: Fallen Nation, 2012's Modern Combat 4: Zero Hour, 2014's Modern Combat 5: Blackout, 2017’s Modern Combat: Versus, 2019's Modern Combat: Rebel Guns, and in 2026 a spin-off on arcade machines named Phantom Vanguard : Modern combat.

Gameloft
Gameloft SE is a French major video game company based in Paris, founded in December 1999 by Ubisoft co-founder Michel Guillemot. The company operates 11 development studios worldwide, and publishes games for mobile devices, video game consoles, and PC. Formerly a public company traded at the Paris Bourse, Gameloft was acquired by investment french company Vivendi in 2016.
Eiji Misawa
Eiji Misawa (三澤 英司, shinjitai: 三沢 英司, Misawa Eiji, born 22 February 1973 in Tachikawa, Tokyo) is a Japanese ice sledge hockey player. He was part of the Japanese sledge hockey team that won a silver medal at the 2010 Winter Paralympics.

His right leg was amputated due to a tumour at age 17.

Tachikawa, Tokyo
Tachikawa (立川市, Tachikawa-shi) is a city located in the western portion of the Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. As of 1 March 2021, the city had an estimated population of 184,383 in 93,428 households, and a population density of 7,600 persons per km2.  The total area of the city is  24.36 square kilometres (9.41 sq mi).
1996 St. Michael North West by-election
A by-election was held in the Barbadian constituency of the St. Michael North West on 4 December 1996 after the resignation of Democratic Labour Party member Lawson Weekes who was the representative of the constituency in the House of Assembly of Barbados. It was the last Barbadian by-election to take place in the 20th century.

Saint Michael North West (Barbados Parliament constituency)
Saint Michael North West is a constituency in the Saint Michael parish of Barbados. It was established in 1971. Since 2018, it has been represented in the House of Assembly of the Barbadian Parliament by Neil Rowe, a member of the BLP. The Saint Michael North West constituency is a safe seat for the BLP.
Nagele (surname)
Nagele or Nägele is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edmund Nägele, German photographer

Elisabeth Nagele (1933–1993), Swiss luger

Eugen Nägele (born 1964), Liechtenstein politician

Franz Nägele (1918–2011), Liechtenstein politician

Gottfried Nägele (1841–1914), German priest and malacologist

Hans Nägele (1884–1973), Austrian journalist, non-fiction author and folklorist

Johannes Nagele (born 1964), Austrian fencer

Julia Nagele (born 1971), American designer and educator

Lino Nägele (born 1994), Liechtenstein architect and politician

Olivier Nägele (born 1972), Liechtenstein-born ski mountaineer

Rainer Nägele (1943–2022), American literary scholar

Elisabeth Nagele
Elisabeth Nagele (12 June 1933 – 22 June 1993) was a Swiss luger who competed in the early 1960s. She won the gold medal in the women's singles at the 1961 FIL World Luge Championships in Girenbad, Switzerland. Nagele also finished 12th in the women's singles event at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck. She later served as a delegate to the International Luge Federation (FIL) in the late 1980s.
Lyman limit
In physics and chemistry, the Lyman limit is the short-wavelength end of the Lyman series of hydrogen emission lines at 91.13 nm (911.3 Å). It indicates the energy emitted by an electron which is transferred from n=∞ to n=1. The associated photon energy, 13.6 eV, corresponds to the energy required for an electron in the hydrogen ground state to escape from the electric potential barrier that originally confined it, known as the ionization energy of Hydrogen, thus creating a hydrogen ion. This energy is equivalent to the Rydberg constant.

Hydrogen spectral series
The emission spectrum of atomic hydrogen has been divided into a number of spectral series, with wavelengths given by the Rydberg formula. These observed spectral lines are due to the electron making transitions between two energy levels in an atom. The classification of the series by the Rydberg formula was important in the development of quantum mechanics. The spectral series are important in astronomical spectroscopy for detecting the presence of hydrogen and calculating red shifts.
UEFA Women's Euro 2022 Group D
Group D of UEFA Women's Euro 2022 was played from 10 to 18 July 2022. The pool was made up of France, Italy, Belgium and Iceland. Iceland drew all their matches and became the first undefeated team not to advance to the quarter-finals.

Iceland women's national football team
The Iceland women's national football team (Icelandic: Íslenska kvennalandsliðið í knattspyrnu) represents Iceland in international women's football. They are currently ranked as the 14th best women's national team in the world by FIFA as of June 2025.
Worawut Srisupha
Worawut Srisupha (Thai: วรวุฒิ ศรีสุภา, born May 25, 1992), or formerly Worawut Kaewpook (Thai: วรวุฒิ แก้วผูก) is a Thai professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Thai League 1 club Rayong and the Thailand national team.

Thai League 1
The Thai League (Thai: ไทยลีก, pronounced as ไท-หลีก) or Thai League 1 (Thai: ไทยลีก 1, pronounced as ไท-หลีก-หนึ่ง), often referred to as T1, is the highest level of the Thai football league system. Contested by 16 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Thai League 2. Seasons typically run from August to May, with each team playing 30 games: two against each other team, one home and one away. It is sponsored by BYD Auto and therefore officially known as the BYD Sealion 6 League I. In the Thai League, most games are played on Saturday and Sunday evenings, occasionally being played on Wednesday and Friday evening fixtures.
Research Range
The Research Range (Russian: Исследовательский хребет) is a mountain range at the northern end of the Ural Mountains.  It extends north of the Arctic Circle, and forms the border between the Komi Republic and the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug.  The Research Range is 175 km long and the highest point is Mount Narodnaya (Гора  Народная) or People's Mountain, at 1,894 m.

The Research Range starts approximately at Mount Narodnaya and runs northeastward past Vorkuta almost to the Kara Sea and the Arctic Ocean. The primary rocks are metamorphic, mostly quartzites and slate.  There are numerous glaciers near the tops and on the upper slopes of the mountains, the rest is mostly arctic desert and tundra. In the foothills and steep river valleys, there is some taiga forest.

Vorkuta
Vorkuta (Russian: Воркута́; Komi: Вӧркута, romanized: Vörkuta) is a coal-mining town in the Komi Republic of Russia, situated just north of the Arctic Circle in the Pechora coal basin, at the river Vorkuta. Population: 56,985 (2021 census); 70,548 (2010 census); 84,917 (2002 census); 115,646 (1989 Soviet census).

Vorkuta is among the top five cities north of the Arctic Circle and the easternmost town in Europe. It has the coldest recorded temperature of any European city, at −52 °C (−61 °F).

Vorkuta's population has dropped steadily since the fall of the Soviet Union, when mines were privatized and many people began moving farther south. Many of the mines have been abandoned, and by September 2020, the city's estimated population was only about 50,000.
Aan de Poel
Aan de Poel is a fine-dining restaurant in Amstelveen, Netherlands that was awarded one Michelin star for the period 2009–2012. Since 2013, it carries two Michelin stars.

In 2013, GaultMillau awarded the restaurant 16 out of 20 points.

Head chef of Aan de Poel is Stefan van Sprang. Before starting their own restaurant, Sprang and his sommelier Robbert Jan Veuger have worked together at restaurant Ron Blaauw.

The restaurant joined the Alliance Gastronomique Néerlandaise in 2012.

Aan de Poel is located on the shore of lake De Poel.

Alliance Gastronomique Néerlandaise
Alliance Gastronomique Néerlandaise (popular: Alliance Gastronomique) is a culinary association of quality restaurants in the Netherlands and Flanders.

The partnership was established in 1967 as a response to the spreading taste flattening, lack of culinary products and inadequate training of chefs and other restaurant staff. By that time the Netherlands were not known for their culinary tradition, so the partnership of the 19 founding restaurateurs was a break with the past.

At that time the "Alliance Gastronomique" stated the promotion of the culinary culture in the Netherlands as its mission.

Alliance Gastronomique is by now the oldest culinary partnership in Europe. The status it has earned, makes that the name alone now serves as quality seal.
The Modulations
The Modulations were an American R&B vocal group from Durham, North Carolina consisting of singer-songwriters Larry Allen, Larry Duncan, Hoyle Saunders and Henry Channelle. The other group of Modulations that sung with Glenn Jones are not affiliated with this group. The group from the Bull City, Durham's nickname, had some success with the singles "I'm Hopelessly in Love" (1973) and "I Can't Fight Your Love" (1974), both of which were included on the Modulations' self-produced album, It's Rough Out Here, released in '75 and featuring arrangements by Vince Montana, Norman Harris, and Ronnie Baker and instrumentation by members of MFSB. The album was later reissued in Japan and the UK.

Glenn Jones
Glenn Jones (born September 27, 1962 in Jacksonville, Florida) is an American R&B/soul singer. He is best known for his songs "Show Me", "We've Only Just Begun (The Romance Is Not Over)" and "Here I Go Again", which reached No. 1 on the Billboard R&B charts in 1991/1992 as well as the track "I've Been Searching (Nobody Like You)".
McKeeby
McKeeby is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Byron McKeeby (1936-1984), American artist, educator, and master printmaker

Gilbert E. McKeeby (1844-1905), American physician and politician

Byron McKeeby
Byron Gordon McKeeby (1936-1984) was an American artist, educator and master printmaker known primarily for lithography.  McKeeby's interest dovetailed with a burgeoning contemporary community in advancing lithography as an art form.  He was active in all form of print exhibition.  He built a full scope printmaking department of rank at the University of Tennessee that exists today.
Jiuta Wainiqolo
Jiuta Naqoli Wainiqolo (born 10 March 1999) is a Fijian rugby union player who currently plays for Toulon in the Top 14 competition in France and for the Flying Fijians 15s and 7s teams. During the 2020 Summer Olympics, he was a member of Fiji's Men's Rugby 7s team, which won the gold medal.

Rugby sevens at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's rugby sevens tournament at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held in Japan. It was hosted at Tokyo Stadium, which also served as a host stadium of the 2019 Rugby World Cup. The tournament was played over three days from 26 to 28 July 2021. The tournament was won by the returning champions, Fiji.
Retina (typeface)
Retina is a font by created by Tobias Frere-Jones for The Wall Street Journal, which used it for high density print in their newspapers from 2000 to 2007. It was created to be legible at very small font sizes, using ink traps to stop smearing during the printing process.

Tobias Frere-Jones
Tobias Frere-Jones (born Tobias Edgar Mallory Jones, August 28, 1970) is an American type designer who works in New York City. He operates the company Frere-Jones Type and teaches typeface design at the Yale School of Art MFA program.

Among his typefaces are Gotham which was used by the Obama 2008 presidential campaign, and Archer which has been used by Martha Stewart Living and Wells Fargo.
Fliegerstaffel 9
The Fliegerstaffel 9  of the  Swiss Air Force was in its  end equipped with de Havilland Venom Combat Aircraft. Their home base at the dissolution was the Sion Airport. The Fliegerstaffel 9 carried as coat of arms the side view of a red witch riding on a red broom. On a rectangular dark blue background. The witch and the broom were drawn without curves (apart from the black / white eye of the witch). Beneath the witch stands a flight of fliers with white writing. In the upper right corner is a white square 9.

Swiss Air Force
The Swiss Air Force (German: Schweizer Luftwaffe; French: Forces aériennes suisses; Italian: Forze aeree svizzere; Romansh: Aviatica militara svizra) is the air component of the Swiss Armed Forces, established on 31 July 1914, three days after the outbreak of World War I, as a part of the army and in October 1936 as an independent service.

In peacetime, Dübendorf is the operational air force headquarters. The Swiss Air Force operates from several fixed bases (see current status) but its personnel are also trained to carry out air operations from temporary highway airstrips. In case of crisis or war, several stretches of road are specially prepared for this option.
Schaereria serenior
Schaereria serenior is a little-known species of saxicolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Schaereriaceae. It is found in Finland. It has been listed as data deficient in the Finnish Regional Red List since 2000. It also occurs in Lycksele, Sweden.

Lycksele Municipality
Lycksele Municipality (Swedish: Lycksele kommun; Southern Sami: Liksjoe tjïelte; Ume Sami: Liksjuon kommuvdna) is a municipality in Västerbotten County in northern Sweden. Its seat is located in Lycksele and the municipality is located in the southern parts of Swedish Lapland.

The municipality traces its history to Lycksele parish, which was in effect during the 19th century with very similar borders and size (5,000-5,500 km2). The whole rural municipality Lycksele became a market town (köping) in 1929 and city in 1946. In 1971 it was amalgamated with Örträsk Municipality.

Generally the northern municipalities, already sparsely populated, have population decreases, but various supporting projects also exist. For instance, a campus of Umeå University is situated here.
Townships in Montgomeryshire
The former county of Montgomeryshire was divided into townships, divisions of its ancient parishes. In 1539, townships were grouped together in hundreds. The townships which were recognised were based on the older Welsh divisions of tref, or plural trefi, which had formed the Welsh administrative districts of commotes. Not all of the former tref were recognised and some smaller trefi were amalgamated into larger townships. A township was allocated to a particular parish—that is, one of the [civil] parishes of Wales (analogous to civil parishes of England), the predecessors to today's communities of Wales. The townships were recognised as administrative districts, rather than the parishes.

Newtown, Powys
Newtown (Welsh: Y Drenewydd) is a town in Powys, Wales. It lies on the River Severn in the community of Newtown and Llanllwchaiarn, within the historic boundaries of Montgomeryshire. It was designated a new town in 1967 and saw population growth as firms settled, changing its market town character. Its 2001 population of 10,780 rose to 11,357 in the 2011 census, and rose again to 11,362 in the 2021 census.

Newtown was the birthplace of Robert Owen in 1771, whose house stood on the present site of the HSBC Bank. The town has a theatre, Theatr Hafren, and a public gallery, Oriel Davies, displaying contemporary arts and crafts. It is the largest town in Powys and Mid Wales.
AD Alcorcón
Agrupación Deportiva Alcorcón S.A.D. is a Spanish football team based in Alcorcón, in the autonomous community of Madrid. Founded in 1971, it currently plays in Primera Federación, holding home matches at the Municipal de Santo Domingo, with a 5,100-seat capacity.

Sociedad Anónima Deportiva
Sociedad anónima deportiva ("Public limited sports company") is a special type of Spanish public limited company (known as sociedad anónima in Spain). The new legal status was introduced in 1990 to improve financial management and transparency in sports clubs. Many Spanish football and basketball clubs add the suffix S.A.D. to the end of their official name, for example Club Atlético de Madrid, S.A.D.

Every club which plays in La Liga, Segunda División or Liga ACB and remains in the league was obliged to convert to S.A.D. status. However, this obligation was eliminated in 2022.

For historical reasons, Athletic Club, FC Barcelona, Real Madrid and Osasuna were allowed to retain their status as non-commercial sports associations.
Magic (programming)
In the context of computer programming, magic is an informal term for abstraction; it is used to describe code that handles complex tasks while hiding that complexity to present a simple interface.  The term is somewhat tongue-in-cheek, and often carries bad connotations, implying that the true behavior of the code is not immediately apparent.  For example, Perl's polymorphic typing and closure mechanisms are often called "magic".

The term implies that the hidden complexity is at least in principle understandable, in contrast to variants which describe arcane techniques that are deliberately hidden or extremely difficult to understand. However, the term can also be applied endearingly, suggesting a "charm" about the code.

The action of such abstractions is described as being done "automagically", a portmanteau of "automatically" and "magically".

Polymorphism (computer science)
In programming language theory and type theory, polymorphism allows a value or variable to have more than one type and allows a given operation to be performed on values of more than one type.

In object-oriented programming, polymorphism is the provision of one interface to entities of different data types.  The concept is borrowed from a principle in biology in which an organism or species can have many different forms or stages.

The most commonly recognized major forms of polymorphism are:

Ad hoc polymorphism: defines a common interface for an arbitrary set of individually specified types.

Parametric polymorphism: does not specify concrete types and instead uses abstract symbols that can substitute for any type.

Subtyping (also called subtype polymorphism or inclusion polymorphism): when a name denotes instances of many different classes related by a common superclass.
Ray Barber (singer)
Ray Barber (January 8, 1923 – June 30, 2009), born Michael Joseph Barbetta, was an American singer in the early 1950s. He recorded with Mercury Records.

He had a hit overseas in the UK  entitled "Mary Rose". He was recording the song "Because Of You" when a young Tony Bennett was in the studio and heard it for the first time. In the early part of his career he was a regular on the Arthur Godfrey's Talent Scouts under the name of Johnny Caruso. He performed in the Catskills in the 1960s and early 1970s with Phyllis Diller and Soupy Sales. Later he moved to the small town of Plant City, Florida to retire and settle down with his wife Marie. When she died of cancer, he took up singing again. He amassed a following of fans in the local clubs until his death.

Ray Barber died on June 30, 2009, in the Plant City Florida hospital. He was buried in New York City next to his wife.

Plant City, Florida
Plant City is an incorporated city in Hillsborough County, Florida, United States, approximately midway between Brandon and Lakeland along Interstate 4. It is part of the Tampa Bay area. The population was 39,764 at the 2020 census.

Despite many thinking it was named for flora grown at plant nurseries (especially vegetables and fruits, as well as tropical houseplants) in its subtropical Gulf Coast climate, it was named after prominent railroad developer Henry B. Plant (see Plant System).

Plant City is known as the winter strawberry capital of the world and hosts the annual Florida Strawberry Festival in the late winter (usually in February or early March), which is attended by people from all over the world.
Dumbarton Concerts
Dumbarton Concerts is an American nonprofit organization which presents classical chamber and jazz music performances in Washington, D.C. Since then the late 1970s, Dumbarton Concerts has presented a variety of well-known artists, including Brooklyn Rider, the Salomé Chamber Orchestra, A Far Cry, Matt Haimovitz, Grace Kelly Quartet, Alban Gerhardt, Buck Hill, Nordic Voices, Sharon Isbin and Shirley Horn.

Dumbarton concerts also sponsors Inner City-Inner Child, an arts outreach program for children in the Washington, D.C., area.  The program receives funding from the DC Commission on the Arts and Humanities.

A Far Cry
A Far Cry is a Boston-based chamber orchestra. The orchestra is self-conducted and consists of 18 musicians called "The Criers". It was founded in 2007 by a group of 17 musicians in Boston. The orchestra performs in Jamaica Plain and previously served as Chamber Orchestra in Residence at the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. A Far Cry has toured across America and undertook its first European tour in 2012. It also collaborates with local students in an educational partnership with the New England Conservatory and Project STEP. The orchestra has released nine albums, two of which have been nominated for Grammy Awards for Best Chamber Music / Small Ensemble Performance: Dreams & Prayers in 2015 and Visions and Variations in 2019.
Showkatur Rahman
Showkatur Rahman (born 12 January 1954) is a Bangladeshi former cricket umpire and match referee. He stood in one Test match, between Bangladesh and Zimbabwe, in 2001 and two One Day Internationals in 2001 and 2002.

Umpire (cricket)
In cricket, an umpire (from the Old French nompere meaning not a peer, that is, not a  member of one of the teams, impartial) is a person who has the authority to make decisions about events on the cricket field according to the Laws of Cricket. Besides making decisions about legality of delivery, appeals for wickets and general conduct of the game in a legal manner, the umpire also keeps a record of the deliveries and announces the completion of an over.

The umpires in cricket are not to be confused with the referee who usually presides only over international matches and makes no decisions affecting the outcome of the game.