hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes
The EPFL Press, formerly Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes (PPUR), is a Swiss independent scientific publishing house and a university press affiliated with the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Lausanne, Switzerland. EPFL Press was founded in 1980 and is based on the EPFL campus, in the Rolex Learning Center.

University press
A  university press is an academic publishing house specializing in monographs and scholarly journals. They are often an integral component of a large research university. They publish work that has been reviewed by scholars in the field. They produce mainly academic works but also often have trade books for a lay audience. These trade books also get peer reviewed. Many but not all university presses are nonprofit organizations, including the 160 members of the Association of University Presses.

Because scholarly books are mostly unprofitable, university presses may also publish textbooks and reference works, which tend to have larger audiences and sell more copies. Most university presses operate at a loss and are subsidized by their owners; others are required to break even. Demand has fallen as library budgets are cut and the online sales of used books undercut the new book market. Many presses are experimenting with electronic publishing.
Alopia plumbea
Alopia plumbea   is a species of small, tropical, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae.

Subspecies

Alopia plumbea bellicosa (M. Kimakowicz, 1894)

Alopia plumbea plumbea (Rossmässler, 1839)

Clausiliidae
Clausiliidae, also known by the common name door snails, is a taxonomic family of small, very elongate, mostly left-handed, air-breathing land snails, sinistral terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.

With over 1700 recognized recent and fossil species, this is among the most diverse families of terrestrial gastropods (cf. Orthalicidae), although the marine gastropod family Pyramidellidae is larger.

Most species of Clausiliidae have an anatomical structure known as a clausilium, which enables the snail to close off the aperture of the shell with a sliding "door".
Hillfield Court
Hillfield Court is a prominent art deco residential mansion block in Belsize Park, in the London Borough of Camden, built in 1934. It is located off Belsize Avenue and can also be accessed from Glenloch Road. It is one of the many purpose built mansion blocks on Haverstock Hill between Chalk Farm and Hampstead. It is close to the amenities near Belsize Park tube station, as well as the shops of Belsize Village, South End Green and Hampstead.

London Borough of Camden
The London Borough of Camden (/ˈkæmdən/ ⓘ) is a borough in Inner London, England. Camden Town Hall, on Euston Road, lies 1.4 mi (2.3 km) north of Charing Cross. The borough was established on 1 April 1965 from the former metropolitan boroughs of Holborn,  St Pancras and Hampstead.

To the south it shares with the City of Westminster parts of the West End, where it also borders the City of London. The cultural and commercial land uses in the south contrast with the bustling mixed-use districts such as Camden Town and Kentish Town in the centre and leafy residential areas around Hampstead Heath in the north. Well known attractions include The British Museum, The British Library, the famous views from Parliament Hill, the London Zoo, the BT Tower, the converted Roundhouse entertainment venue, and Camden Market. As of 2021 it has a population of 210,136. Politically, its local authority is Camden London Borough Council.
Otto Toivonen
Otto Toivonen (27 March 1884 – 16 February 1977) was a Finnish politician, born in Urjala. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1916 to 1917, from 1922 to 1929, from 1933 to 1945 and from 1951 to 1954, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP). He was a presidential elector in the 1925, 1931, 1937, 1940, 1943, 1950  and 1956 presidential elections.

1937 Finnish presidential election
Two-stage presidential elections were held in Finland in 1937. The first stage was on 15 and 16 January 1937 as the public selected 300 presidential electors to an electoral college.

The 300 electors, in turn, met on 15 February 1937 to elect the President. On the first ballot, Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg received 150 electoral votes, one vote short of the 151 necessary for a majority. Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, the incumbent President of Finland, received 94 votes and Kyösti Kallio was third with only 56 votes. On the second ballot, 131 of Stahlberg's electors deserted him, and Kallio received 177 votes, with 104 for Svinhufvud and only 19 for Stahlberg . The turnout for the popular vote was 57.8%.
Something Real (Summer Walker song)
"Something Real" is a song written and performed by American singers Summer Walker and Chris Brown and American record producer London on da Track. It was written by the performers alongside Nija Charles and Alyssa Lourdiz Cantu with sole production from London on da Track.

London on da Track
London Tyler Holmes (born March 27, 1991), known professionally as London on da Track, is an American record producer and rapper. He is a frequent collaborator of fellow Atlanta rapper Young Thug, and has also produced songs for Kodak Black, Nicki Minaj, Tyga, Lil Wayne, A Boogie Wit da Hoodie, Rich Homie Quan, Gucci Mane, Birdman, Saweetie, Sfera Ebbasta, Post Malone, T.I., G-Eazy, 50 Cent, Summer Walker, Roddy Ricch and Ariana Grande, among others.
Alessio Butti
Alessio Butti (born 15 October 1964) is an Italian politician of Brothers of Italy serving as a member of the Senate of the Republic. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in the 1992, 1996, 2001 and 2018 elections, and was elected to the senate in the 2006 and 2022 elections. Since 2022, he has been undersecretary to the Presidency of the Council of Ministers for technological innovation.

1996 Italian general election
The 1996 Italian general election was held on 21 April 1996 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. Romano Prodi, leader of the centre-left The Olive Tree, won the election, narrowly defeating Silvio Berlusconi, who led the centre-right Pole for Freedoms.

For the election, the Northern League of Umberto Bossi ran alone after having left the Berlusconi I Cabinet in 1994, causing a crisis which drove President Oscar Luigi Scalfaro to appoint a technocratic cabinet led by Lamberto Dini, which in turn lost its parliamentary support in 1995, forcing Scalfaro to dissolve the Italian Parliament. The Communist Refoundation Party, led by Fausto Bertinotti, made a pre-electoral alliance with The Olive Tree, presenting its own candidates, supported by Prodi's coalition, mainly in some safe leftist constituencies, in exchange for supporting Olive Tree candidates on the other ones, and ensuring external support for a Prodi government.
Mick Fitzgibbon
Michael Joseph Fitzgibbon (born 2 April 1965) is an Irish former rugby union international.

Fitzgibbon, who attended Rockwell College, is a native of County Limerick, but played his provincial rugby for Connacht. A flanker, he captained Trinity College in the late 1980s and won All-Ireland trophies with his club Shannon during the 1990s.

Capped six times for Ireland, Fitzgibbon appeared in all four matches of the 1992 Five Nations Championship and both Tests against the All Blacks on that year's tour of New Zealand. Described as "one of Ireland's [..] best 'pound-for-pound' tacklers", he performed well in Ireland's narrow loss to the New Zealanders at Carisbrook. All six of his Ireland caps ended in defeat.

Fitzgibbon was also a Gaelic footballer who played some senior games for Limerick. On his return from the 1992 New Zealand tour, he featured in Ballysteen GAA's West Limerick Junior "A" title win.

Ballysteen GAA
Ballysteen GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Ballysteen, County Limerick, Ireland. The club participates in competitions organised by Limerick GAA. In Gaelic football, the club has contested senior competitions since 2009, having been promoted following a win in the 2008 Limerick Intermediate Football Championship final.
Nash Glynn
Nash Glynn (born 1992) is an American artist working in painting, photography, and video. She is known for her nude self-portraits and minimalist landscapes and still lives. She frequently depicts herself in her paintings using a simple palette of just red, white, and blue. She has exhibited internationally at Company Gallery and Metro Pictures in New York, Vielmetter Los Angeles, the Victoria Miro Gallery and the Tate Modern in London, Maison Populaire in Paris, and the Latvian National Museum of Art.

Victoria Miro Gallery
The Victoria Miro Gallery is a British contemporary art gallery in London, run by Victoria Miro and (since 1997) her business partner Glenn Scott-Wright. Miro opened her first gallery in 1985 in Cork Street, before moving to larger premises in Islington in 2000 and later opening a second space in St George Street, Mayfair.
Arthur Gary Bishop
Arthur Gary Bishop (September 29, 1952 – June 10, 1988) was an American serial killer and sex offender who abducted, sexually assaulted, murdered, and mutilated five young boys in Salt Lake City, Utah, between 1979 and 1983.

Bishop voluntarily led police to the burial sites of his victims upon being questioned in July 1983 for the disappearances of several children. In his confession, he said that he had killed his victims to cover-up the fact that he had molested them. Described as "scheming, calculating, and cunning" by prosecutors, Bishop was convicted and sentenced to death in 1984. He declined to pursue any appeals and spent four years on death row at Utah State Prison before being executed by lethal injection in 1988.

Mutilation
Mutilation or maiming (from the Latin: mutilus) is severe damage to the body that has a subsequent harmful effect on an individual's quality of life.

In the modern era, the term has an overwhelmingly negative connotation, referring to alterations that render something inferior, dysfunctional, imperfect, or ugly.
David Sammel
David Sammel (born in 1961 in Johannesburg, South Africa) is a tennis coach, sports consultant and writer. Since 2010, David is the head coach at TeamBath and the author of the book Locker Room Power: Building an Athlete’s Mind.

David has coached dozens of professional players and international junior champions.

He currently coaches Liam Broady, and ATP Tour doubles tennis players  Marcus Daniell, Marcelo Demoliner and Matwé Middelkoop.

Marcelo Demoliner
Marcelo Fedrizzi Demoliner (born 18 January 1989) is a Brazilian professional tennis player, who specializes in doubles. He reached a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 34 in November 2017. Demoliner has won five doubles titles.

He won his first title at the ATP 250 Antalya Open with Santiago González in June 2018, after having reached six finals at that level. He was runner-up at the ATP 500 Vienna in 2018 and Saint Petersburg in 2020.

Alongside Maria José Martinez Sanchez, he was a mixed doubles semifinalist in 2017 Wimbledon Championships and 2018 Australian Open.
Patrick Cockburn
Patrick Oliver Cockburn (/ˈkoʊbɜːrn/ KOH-burn; born 5 March 1950) is a journalist who has been a Middle East correspondent for the Financial Times since 1979 and, from 1990, The Independent. He has also worked as a correspondent in Moscow and Washington and is a frequent contributor to the London Review of Books.

He has written three books on Iraq's recent history. He won the Martha Gellhorn Prize in 2005, the James Cameron Prize in 2006, the Orwell Prize for Journalism in 2009, Foreign Commentator of the Year (Editorial Intelligence Comment Awards 2013), Foreign Affairs Journalist of the Year (British Journalism Awards 2014), Foreign Reporter of the Year (The Press Awards For 2014).

London Review of Books
The London Review of Books (LRB) is a British literary magazine published semimonthly that features articles and essays on fiction and non-fiction subjects, which are usually structured as book reviews.
2018 Fuzion 100 Ilkley Trophy – Women's doubles
Anna Blinkova and Alla Kudryavtseva were the defending champions, but both players chose to participate in different tournaments. Blinkova chose to participate at Mallorca, while Kudryavtseva chose to compete at Birmingham.

Asia Muhammad and Maria Sanchez won the title, defeating Natela Dzalamidze and Galina Voskoboeva in the final, 4–6, 6–3, [10–1].

Natela Dzalamidze
Natela Georgiyevna Dzalamidze (Russian: Натела Георгиевна Дзаламидзе, Georgian: ნათელა ძალამიძე, pronounced [natʰala dzalamidze]; born 27 February 1993) is a Russian-born Georgian inactive tennis player. On 16 May 2022, she reached her career-high doubles ranking of world No. 43. Dzalamidze has won three doubles titles on WTA Tour. She has also won three WTA Challenger doubles titles with ten singles and 29 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 16 November 2015, she reached her career-high singles ranking of No. 245 in the WTA rankings.
Stanisław Michał Ubysz
Stanisław Michał Ubysz (also Michał Stanisław Ubysz) (died after 1676) - chorąży (ensign) of Gostyń, member of parliament (sejm walny) of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

He was elected as a member of parliament in 1666 and also in 1672. As a supporter of king Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki on 20 June 1672 broke Sejm. In 1676 he was an elector of Jan III Sobieski.

Gostyń
Gostyń ([ˈɡɔstɨɲ], German: Gostyn, 1941-45: Gostingen) is a town in western Poland, seat of the Gostyń County and Gmina Gostyń in the Greater Poland Voivodeship (from 1975 to 1998 in Leszno Voivodship). According to 31 December 2023 data its population was 27,846.

The main landmark of Gostyń is Basilica of Święta Góra (Holy Hill), the main Marian sanctuary of the archdiocese of Poznań and a masterpiece of Pompeo Ferrari, with the monastery of the Oratory of Saint Philip Neri.
Carlos M. García Zambrana
Carlos M. García Zambrana (born August 22, 1983) is minority spokesman for the Puerto Rican Independence Party as an elected official for the San Germán, Puerto Rico municipal assembly.

Aside from García's responsibilities with the municipal assembly, he currently serves as Vice President for the New Life Christian Academy.

In 2012, García ran as the Puerto Rican Independence Party candidate for mayor of San Germán, Puerto Rico.

Puerto Rican Independence Party
The Puerto Rican Independence Party (Spanish: Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño, PIP) is a social-democratic political party in Puerto Rico that campaigns for the independence of Puerto Rico from the United States.

Those who follow the PIP ideology are usually called independentistas, pipiolos or pro-independence activists.
Banswada Assembly constituency
Banswada Assembly constituency is a constituency of the Telangana Legislative Assembly, India. It is one of the constituencies of Telangana with nine mandals, out of which six are in Nizamabad district and the other three in Kamareddy district. It is part of Zahirabad Lok Sabha constituency.

Pocharam Srinivas Reddy of Indian National Congress is currently representing the constituency.

Zahirabad Lok Sabha constituency
Zahirabad Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 17 Lok Sabha (Lower House of the Parliament) constituencies in Telangana state in southern India.

Suresh Kumar Shetkar of Indian National Congress  is currently representing the constituency for second time.
Judhajit Bagchi and Ranadeep Bhattacharyya
Judhajit Bagchi and Ranadeep Bhattacharyya are Indian film director, producer and screenwriter duo. In 2019 their short film Children of the Soil have won the 66th National Film Awards in Best Audiography. They have directed and produced the film Amen (2010) inspired from the life of the human right activist Harish Iyer. In 2011 Amen was selected as the only Indian film on the Iris Prize, also known as the 'gay Oscars', list of 30 top LGBT films from across the globe.

In 2015 and 2016, they have won the Cannes Corporate media and TV award and the International Business Award (Stevie Award). They are the first and only Indian filmmakers to win these awards in consecutive years.

Iris Prize
The Iris Prize is an international LGBTQ film prize and festival open to films by, for, about or of interest to gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender or intersex audiences, and which must have been completed within two years of the prize deadline. It was launched in 2006 by Berwyn Rowlands.
Fuang Jotiko
Ajahn Fuang Jotiko (1915 – 14 May 1986) was a Thai Buddhist monk and abbot in the Thai Forest Tradition of Theravada Buddhism.

Fuang was a student of Ajahn Lee at Wat Asokaram, a monastery near Bangkok. After Ajahn Lee's death in 1961, Fuang continued at Wat Asokaram where he was expected to become abbot. However, in 1965 Fuang left to pursue greater solitude which he felt would improve his meditation practice. About 1971, Fuang moved to Wat Thamma Sathit in Rayong Province, where he lived as abbot until his death in 1986. Fuang's students included American monk Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu, who studied with him for ten years.

Sukhothai Historical Park
Sukhothai Historical Park (Thai: อุทยานประวัติศาสตร์สุโขทัย (Pronunciation)) covers the ruins of Sukhothai, literally 'dawn of happiness', capital of the Sukhothai Kingdom in the 13th and 14th centuries, in north central Thailand. It is near the city of Sukhothai Thani, capital of Sukhothai province.

The city's walls form a rectangle about 2 km (1.2 mi) east-west by 1.6 km (0.99 mi) north-south. There are 193 ruins on 70 km2 (27 sq mi) of land. There is a gate in the centre of each wall. Inside are the remains of the royal palace and twenty-six temples, the largest being Wat Mahathat. The park is maintained by the Fine Arts Department of Thailand with help from UNESCO, which has declared it a World Heritage Site. Each year, the park welcomes thousands of visitors.
Tran T. Kim-Trang
Tran T. Kim-Trang is a Vietnamese-American artist who lives and works in Los Angeles.  She works across multiple media, including video, new media, and installation.  Major themes in her works include visual dynamics, immigration, biotechnology, and relationships to technology. She has exhibited work at the Museum of Modern Art (1999) and the Whitney Biennial (2000). Tran is a Professor of Art and Media at Scripps College in Claremont, California.

Scripps College
Scripps College is a private liberal arts women's college in Claremont, California. It was founded as a member of the Claremont Colleges in 1926, a year after the consortium's formation. Journalist and philanthropist Ellen Browning Scripps provided its initial endowment.

Scripps is a four-year undergraduate institution and enrolled 958 students as of 2020. It offers instruction in the liberal arts with an emphasis on the humanities, and is known for its extensive interdisciplinary core curriculum. Its 32-acre (13 ha) campus was designed by Gordon Kaufmann in the Spanish Colonial Revival style and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Scripps is regarded as the premier women's college in the West Coast of the United States. It is a top producer of Fulbright students. Its athletes compete on the Claremont-Mudd-Scripps Stags and Athenas joint team in the SCIAC, a Division III conference.
Streptosolen
Streptosolen is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae. It is closely related to the genus Browallia, within which it was originally placed. The single species, Streptosolen jamesonii, the marmalade bush or fire bush, is an evergreen shrub bearing loose clusters of flowers which change gradually from yellow to red as they develop, resulting in an overall appearance resembling orange marmalade (whence the name), found in open woodlands in Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Peru. The plant has become naturalized in certain localities in Hawaii.

The red colouration (at maturity) of the flowers of Streptosolen jamesonii is typical of that of bird-pollinated flowers, as also is their lack of a strong scent and secretion of a great deal of nectar. The iridescent green hummingbird species Chlorostilbon poortmani, the short-tailed emerald, is a frequent visitor to the flowers of Streptosolen jamesonii, pollinating them as it hovers to sip their nectar.

Anabasine
Anabasine is a pyridine and piperidine alkaloid found in the tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca) plant, as well as in tree tobacco's close relative the common tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum). It is a structural isomer of, and chemically similar to, nicotine. It has been used as an insecticide.

Anabasine is present in trace amounts in tobacco smoke, and can be used as an indicator of a person's exposure to tobacco smoke.
2025 Christmas violence in India
In December 2025, several incidents of violence, vandalism, arson, and disruption of Christmas celebration were reported across multiple states in India. These incidents occurred primarily in Christian institutions, prayer gatherings, and public decorations, often under the pretext of preventing alleged "religious conversions" or preserving "cultural awareness.". These incidents were primarily caused by members of the RSS and other Hindutva right-wing organizations. Notably Bajrang Dal, a militant wing of the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP).

Bajrang Dal
Bajrang Dal (lit. 'Brigade of Bajrangbali') is an Indian militant Hindutva organisation that forms the youth wing of the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP). It is a member of the Sangh Parivar, led by the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a right-wing Hindutva paramilitary organisation. It was founded on 1 October 1984 in Uttar Pradesh, and began spreading more in the 2010s throughout India, although its most significant base remains the northern and central portions of the country.

The group runs about 2,500 akharas, similar to the shakhas (branches) of the RSS. The name "Bajrang" is a reference to the Hindu deity Hanuman. The Bajrang Dal opposes Muslim demographic growth,Proselytism, cow slaughter, and alleged western influence in Indian culture.
Lighthouse Point Shell Ring (38CH12)
Lighthouse Point Shell Ring (38CH12), also known as Parrot's Point Shell Ring, is a historic mound located on James Island, Charleston County, South Carolina. It is one of 20 or more prehistoric shell rings located from the central coast of South Carolina to the central coast of Georgia. The midden contains a diverse array of biota.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Midden
A midden is an old dump for domestic waste. It may consist of animal bones, human excrement, botanical material, mollusc shells, potsherds, lithics (especially debitage), and other artifacts and biofacts associated with past human occupation.

These features provide a useful resource for archaeologists to study the diets and habits of past societies. Middens with damp, anaerobic conditions can even preserve organic remains in deposits as the debris of daily life are tossed on the pile. Each individual toss will contribute a different mix of materials depending upon the activity associated with that particular toss. During the course of deposition, sediment is deposited as well. Different mechanisms, from wind and water to animal digs, create a matrix which can also be analysed to provide seasonal and climatic information. In some middens individual dumps of material can be discerned and analysed.