hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
International Association for Impact Assessment
The International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) is an international association of professionals involved with impact assessment, including both social impact assessment and environmental impact assessment.

Health impact assessment
Health impact assessment (HIA) is defined as "a combination of procedures, methods, and tools by which a policy, program, or project may be judged as to its potential effects on the health of a population, and the distribution of those effects within the population." (ECHP 1999, p. 4)
Sacro Monte di Arona
The Sacro Monte di Arona, devoted to Charles Borromeo, is part of the Sacri Monti built in the 16th and 17th centuries. It is located in the territory of the town of Arona, province of Novara, region of Piedmont, Italy.

Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy
The Sacri Monti (plural of Sacro Monte, Italian for "Sacred Mountain") of Piedmont and Lombardy are a series of nine calvaries or groups of chapels and other architectural features created in northern Italy during the late sixteenth century and the seventeenth century. They are dedicated to various aspects of the Christian faith and are considered of great beauty by virtue of the skill with which they have been integrated into the surrounding natural landscape of hills, forests and lakes. They also house important artistic materials in the form of wall paintings and statuary. In 2003, they were named as a World Heritage Site.
Whole Terrain
Whole Terrain: Journal of Reflective Environmental Practice is an environmentally-themed literary journal that is published approximately once a year by Antioch University New England (ANE). Each volume explores emerging ecological and social issues from the perspectives of practitioners working in the environmental field. The editor position is open to current ANE students as a practicum experience.

Literary magazine
A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish a mix of fiction and non-fiction. Short stories and poetry are common literary forms published, but some magazines may publish serial literature—a novel which is revealed in sections over multiple issues. Non-fiction writing may be from staff of the literary magazine to make commentary about their magazine or about culture related to literature. Non-fiction from contributors may take the form of essays, literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews, and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals (or little magazines) to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.
Fort Okfuskee
Fort Okfuskee (also spelled Ofuski or Oakfuskee) was the name of two separate forts built by Great Britain in what is now Tallapoosa County, Alabama. The first fort was built to ensure British trade with the Creek Indians after the French constructed Fort Toulouse. The fort was abandoned a little over a decade after construction after facing difficulties in being supplied. A second Fort Okfuskee was built a year later, but was abandoned in less than a year due to lack of colonial support.

Tallapoosa County, Alabama
Tallapoosa County is a county located in the east-central portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 41,311. Its county seat is Dadeville. Its largest city is Alexander City.
Styphelia macrocalyx
Styphelia macrocalyx, commonly known as Swan berry, is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae and is endemic to the south west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with sharply pointed, narrowly lance-shaped leaves and white, tube-shaped flowers with tufts of hairs on the inside.

Ericaceae
The Ericaceae (/ˌɛrɪˈkeɪsi.aɪ, -iː/) are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with about 4,250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most speciose family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (Erica, Cassiope, Daboecia, and Calluna for example).
Australia and weapons of mass destruction
Australia does not possess weapons of mass destruction, although it has participated in extensive research into nuclear, biological and chemical weapons in the past.

Australia chairs the Australia Group, an informal grouping of countries that seek to minimise the risk of assisting chemical and biological weapon proliferation. All states participating in the Australia Group are parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention and the Biological Weapons Convention, and strongly support efforts under those Conventions to rid the world of chemical and biological weapons.

As with chemical and biological weapons, Australia does not possess nuclear weapons and is not seeking to develop them.

Athol Townley
Athol Gordon Townley (3 October 1905 – 24 December 1963) was an Australian politician who served in the House of Representatives from 1949 until his death in 1963. A member of the Liberal Party, he served as a minister in the Menzies Government from 1951 to 1963, notably as Minister for Defence from 1958.
David ben Samuel of Estelle
David ben Samuel of Estelle (Kohkavi or Kokabi, meaning "star-like" as "Estella," d. ca 1340.) was a Provençal Jewish scholar, talmudist, and author of a literary history of rabbinical scholarship known as the Qiryat Sefer (City of the Book) from France. He was in Avignon around 1305. He is a follower of Maimonides and surveys the Geonim, the Tosafists, the scholars of Narbonne and Provence, and briefly mentions Meir of Rothenburg. He was cited with high approval by Isaac Lattes. He is the author of Migdal Dawid (Castle of David), on Jewish theology. It expounds the Jewish principles of faith and is patterned after Maimonides' Book of Commandments.

Sefer Hamitzvot
Sefer Hamitzvot ("Book of Commandments", Hebrew: ספר המצוות; Judeo-Arabic: כתאב אלפראיץׄ) is a work listing all the commandments of the Torah, with a brief description for each, and was written by the 12th-century rabbi, philosopher, and physician, Moses Maimonides. While there are various other works titled similarly, the title "Sefer Hamitzvot" without a modifier refers to Maimonides' work.

It originally appeared in Judaeo-Arabic under the title "Kitab al-Farai'd", and was translated into Hebrew by the Provençal rabbi Moses ibn Tibbon (first printed 1497) as well as by ibn Hasdai, in the 13th century. A new Hebrew translation from the original Judaeo-Arabic was made by the noted Yemenite scholar, Rabbi Yosef Qafih.
IV liga Podlasie
IV liga Podlasie group (grupa podlaska) is one of the groups of IV liga, the fifth level of Polish football league system.

The league was created in the 2000–01 season, after introducing the new administrative division of Poland. Until the end of the 2007–08 season, IV liga was the fourth tier of league system, but this was changed with the formation of the Ekstraklasa as the top-level league in Poland.

The clubs from Podlaskie Voivodeship compete in this group. The winner of the league is promoted to group I of the III liga. The bottom teams are relegated to the Podlasie group of the regional league.

III liga
III liga (Trzecia liga, lit. 'Third League'), currently named Betclic III liga due to its sponsorship by Betclic,  is a Polish football league that sits in the fourth tier of the Polish football league system. Until the end of the 2007–08 season, III liga referred to a league at the third tier (now called II liga) but this was changed with the formation of the Ekstraklasa as the top level league in Poland.

Groups of III liga are divided based on administrative division of Poland. Top teams of III liga are promoted to II liga and bottom teams are relegated to IV liga.
Dieulacres Chronicle
The Dieulacres Chronicle (Latin: Chronicon monasterii Dieulacrensis) is a 14th-century English chronicle that was written at the Cistercian Dieulacres Abbey in Staffordshire. It has three parts: the first is a description of England that borrows from Bede, Ranulf Higden and Gerald of Wales; the second is a history of the earls of Chester and Dieulacres Abbey dating to the 13th century; and the third is a history of England spanning the years from 1337-1403. After Henry Bolingbroke and Thomas Arundel invaded England and deposed Richard II, a number of chronicles, including Dieulacres were edited by newly appointed scribes to support Henry's Lancastrian claim to the throne.

Gerald of Wales
Gerald of Wales (Latin: Giraldus Cambrensis; Welsh: Gerallt Cymro; French: Gerald de Barri; c. 1146 – c. 1223) was a Cambro-Norman priest and historian. As a royal clerk to the king and two archbishops, he travelled widely and wrote extensively. He studied and taught in France and visited Rome several times, meeting the Pope. He was nominated for several bishoprics but turned them down in the hope of becoming Bishop of St Davids, but was unsuccessful despite considerable support. His final post was as Archdeacon of Brecon, from which he retired to academic study for the remainder of his life.

Gerald wrote on a variety of topics; his works on Ireland and Wales, which contain details on the culture, contemporary life, and history of those countries, are generally considered the most distinguished. Much of his writing survives.
Zeli Ismail
Zeli Ismail (born 12 December 1993) is a professional footballer who plays as a right midfielder for Cymru Premier club Connah's Quay Nomads. Born in Albania, he has represented England at both under-16 and under-17 level.

England national under-16 football team
England national under-16 football team, also known as England under-16s or England U16(s), represents England in association football at an under-16 age level and is controlled by the Football Association, the governing body for football in England.
The Asimov Chronicles: Fifty Years of Isaac Asimov
The Asimov Chronicles: Fifty Years of Isaac Asimov is a collection of forty eight short science fiction and mystery stories and two science essays by American writer Isaac Asimov, published by Dark Harvest in May 1989.

It is the only one of Asimov's collections to contain the Azazel fantasy story "I Love Little Pussy". (This story also appears in the anthology Magicats II (1991), featuring also other writers.)

Magicats II
Magicats II is a themed anthology of fantasy short works edited by Jack Dann and Gardner Dozois. It was first published in paperback by Ace Books in December 1991. It was reissued as an ebook by Baen Books in March 2013.

The book collects twelve novellas, novelettes and short stories by various authors.
Bitdefender
Bitdefender is a multinational cybersecurity technology company dual-headquartered in Bucharest, Romania and San Antonio, Texas, with offices in the United States, Europe, Australia and the Middle East. In the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, offices are located in Australia (Melbourne), as well as in Southeast Asia, including Singapore and Indonesia (Jakarta).

The company was founded in 2001 by current CEO and main shareholder, Florin Talpeș. Bitdefender develops and delivers cybersecurity products and services, including antivirus software, endpoint security, managed detection and response, identity protection and online privacy for consumers and enterprises.

Bitdefender products are distributed both online and through partners in over 150 countries, and the US market is estimated to generate more than 40% of its revenue.  As of 2025, the company employed more than 1,800 people worldwide.

Endpoint security
Endpoint security or endpoint protection is an approach to the protection of computer networks that are remotely bridged to client devices. The connection of endpoint devices such as laptops, tablets, mobile phones, Internet-of-things devices, and other wireless devices to corporate networks creates attack paths for security threats. Endpoint security attempts to ensure that such devices follow a definite level of compliance to standards.

The endpoint security space has evolved during the 2010s away from limited antivirus software and into a more advanced, comprehensive defense. This includes next-generation antivirus, threat detection, investigation, and response, device management, data leak protection (DLP), and other considerations to face evolving threats.
Spencer MacPherson
Spencer MacPherson (born 12 June 1997) is a Canadian actor.

MacPherson first rose to notability at the age of 17 first appearing as Hunter Hollingsworth in Degrassi: The Next Generation and its spin off Degrassi: Next Class from 2016 to 2017. Degrassi: The Next Generation ran on MTV in Canada and TeenNick in the United States. Following its cancellation in 2015, Netflix picked up Degrassi: Next Class which ran for 4 seasons.

In addition to his role on Degrassi, MacPherson is also known for playing King Charles in the CW show Reign, Scout West on the Canadian drama Northern Rescue, and Sparrow on the Canadian supernatural teen comedy-drama Astrid and Lilly Save the World. In addition to his television roles, MacPherson has appeared in several movies including the 2019 Canadian period drama film Brotherhood.

As of 2023, he was starring as Xavier Baxter in the Paramount+ supernatural teen drama television series School Spirits alongside Peyton List and Milo Manheim.

Peyton List (actress, born 1998)
Peyton Roi List (born April 6, 1998) is an American actress. She began her career as a child model, and transitioned to acting with a minor role in the film 27 Dresses (2008) at the age of nine. She appeared in the films Remember Me and Bereavement (both 2010), and achieved her breakout role as Holly Hills in the Diary of a Wimpy Kid film series (2011–2012). She gained further attention for portraying Emma Ross on the Disney Channel sitcom Jessie (2011–2015) and its spinoff Bunk'd (2015–2018, 2021).

List transitioned to mainstream roles with the YouTube Premium thriller film The Thinning (2016) and the Hulu series Light as a Feather (2018). Her film credits since include Valley Girl, Hubie Halloween (both 2020), Paper Spiders (2021), and The Inheritance (2024). She played Tory Nichols in the Netflix series Cobra Kai (2019–2025) and leads the Paramount+ series School Spirits (2023–present).
Katberg Formation
The Katberg Formation is a geological formation that is found in the Beaufort Group, a major geological group that forms part of the greater Karoo Supergroup in South Africa. The Katberg Formation is the lowermost geological formation of the Tarkastad Subgroup which contains the Lower to Middle Triassic-aged rocks of the Beaufort Group. Outcrops and exposures of the Katberg Formation are found east of 24 degrees onwards and north of Graaff-Reniet, Nieu Bethesda, Cradock, Fort Beaufort, Queensdown, and East London in the south, and ranges as far north as Harrismith in deposits that form a ring around the Drakensberg mountain ranges.

Fort Beaufort
Fort Beaufort (Xhosa: iBhofolo), officially renamed KwaMaqoma in March 2023, is a town in the Amatole District of South Africa's Eastern Cape Province, and had a population of 25,668 in 2011. The town was established in 1837 and became a municipality in 1883. The town lies at the confluence of the Kat River and Brak River between the Keiskamma and Great Fish Rivers. KwaMaqoma serves as a mini-'dormitory' for academic staff and students of Fort Hare University, based in the nearby town of Alice, and is also close to Sulphur Springs.

It is also the birthplace of South African politician and anti-apartheid activist who is also the first Premier of the Eastern Cape Raymond Mhlaba and his former first wife Joyce Meke.
Freckled sea catfish
The freckled sea catfish (Notarius lentiginosus) is a species of catfish in the family Ariidae. It was described by Carl H. Eigenmann and Rosa Smith Eigenmann, in 1888, originally under the genus Tachisurus. It inhabits marine waters in Panama. It reaches a maximum total length of 35 cm (14 in).

Rosa Smith Eigenmann
Rosa Smith Eigenmann (October 7, 1858 – January 12, 1947) was an American ichthyologist (the branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish), as well as a writer, editor, former curator at the California Academy of Sciences, and the first librarian of the San Diego Society of Natural History. She "is considered the first woman ichthyologist in the United States." Eigenmann was also the first woman to become president of Indiana University's chapter of Sigma Xi, an honorary science society. She authored twelve published papers of her own between 1880 and 1893, and collaborated with her husband, Carl H. Eigenmann, as "Eigenmann & Eigenmann" on twenty-five additional works between 1888 and 1893. Together, they are credited with describing about 150 species of fishes.
Washington State Route 167
State Route 167 (SR 167) is a state highway in the Seattle metropolitan area of Washington state. It is commonly known as the Valley Freeway and serves the Green River Valley from Tacoma to Renton, primarily as a four-lane freeway. The 28-mile (45 km) highway begins in Tacoma at an interchange with Interstate 5 (I-5) and travels southeast to Puyallup as an undivided road. It then turns northeast onto a freeway and passes through interchanges with SR 512 in Puyallup and SR 410 in Sumner, continuing north through Auburn and Kent. After an interchange with I-405 in Renton, it terminates at an intersection with SR 900.

White River (Puyallup River)
The White River is a white, glacial river in the U.S. state of Washington. It flows about 75 miles (121 km) from its source, the Emmons Glacier on Mount Rainier, to join the Puyallup River at Sumner. It defines part of the boundary between King and Pierce counties.
Tommy (TV series)
Tommy is an American police procedural crime drama television series created by Paul Attanasio that aired on CBS from February 6 to May 7, 2020. The series stars Edie Falco as the first female police chief of the Los Angeles Police Department. In May 2020, the series was canceled after one season.

Thomas Sadoski
Thomas Christian Sadoski (born July 1, 1976) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Don Keefer in the HBO series The Newsroom (2012–14) and as Matt Short in the CBS sitcom Life in Pieces (2015–19).
John Denton (cricketer)
John Sidney Denton (2 November 1890, in Rushden, Northamptonshire – 9 April 1971, in Rushden) was an English cricketer active from 1929 to 1948, who played for Northamptonshire (Northants) together with his twin brother William. Denton appeared in 104 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled leg break and googly. He scored 3,298 runs with a highest score of 124, one of two centuries, and took 67 wickets with a best performance of five for 39.

Wicket
In the sport of cricket, the term wicket has several meanings:

It is either of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at each end of the pitch. The fielding team's players can hit the wicket with the ball in a number of ways to get a batter out. 
The wicket is guarded by a batter who, with their bat (and sometimes with their pads, but see the laws on LBW, leg before wicket), attempts to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (if it does, they may be bowled) and to score runs where possible.

Through metonymic usage, the dismissal of a batter is known as the taking of a wicket.

The cricket pitch itself is sometimes referred to as the wicket.
Robert Otto Homburg
Robert Otto Homburg (31 January 1876 – 21 October 1948) was an Australian politician who represented the South Australian House of Assembly multi-member seat of Burra Burra from 1912 to 1915 representing the Liberal Union. He resigned in 1915 to devote more time to the legal practice that both he and Hermann Homburg were partners in. He had also been the subject of "gross slanders" about his loyalty, due to their father having immigrated from Germany.

Homburg was an alderman in the Adelaide City Council for many years.

In his twenties, Homburg had been a member of the South Australian cricket team on two occasions. The first was a Sheffield Shield match between Victoria and South Australia played at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 1–5 January 1897. The second was a first-class match between Western Australia and South Australia at the Western Australia Cricket Association Ground on 3–6 April 1899.

Electoral district of Burra Burra
Burra Burra was an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia from 1902 to 1938.

After a boundary redistribution in 1902, the Electoral district of Burra was abolished and the new district of Burra Burra was created.

The town of Burra is currently located in the safe Liberal seat of Stuart.
Sharpsburg, Athens County, Ohio
Sharpsburg is an unincorporated community in northwestern Bern Township, Athens County, Ohio, United States. There is a convenience store there, with gas pumps, and also containing the post office with the ZIP code 45777.
Additionally there is a church, the Bern Township office, and a few houses.

Sharpsburg is located on Sharps Run, a tributary of Federal Creek, which in turn is a tributary of the Hocking River. The main road of the community is Joy Road, at its junction with Ohio State Route 550 and Ohio State Route 377. The Gifford State Forest is located just to the north of Sharpsburg.

Ohio State Route 377
State Route 377 (SR 377) is a north–south state highway located in southeastern Ohio, a U.S. state.  The southern terminus of State Route 377 is at State Route 550 approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) northeast of Amesville.  Its northern terminus is at State Route 78 nearly 2 miles (3.2 km) southwest of Malta.
Bernard Lodge
Bernard Lodge (born 1933) is a British graphic designer. He worked for the BBC from 1959 to 1977 before launching a freelance career. He has been described by the Open University as a pioneer of graphic design in television.

Lodge attended the Royal College of Art and joined the BBC graphics department. He is known for his work on the science-fiction television series Doctor Who, for which he designed the first four series logos. He also designed and engineered the first five title sequences. These include the 'howlround' versions and the 'slit-scan' time tunnel versions. In 1974, Lodge won a Royal Television Society Award for Best Graphics, becoming one of the first people involved in Doctor Who to win an award for his work. His designs were used until 1980, when Sid Sutton was appointed as the designer of a new title sequence by incoming producer John Nathan-Turner.

After leaving the BBC, he worked on films, including Ridley Scott's Alien and Blade Runner.

Royal Television Society
The Royal Television Society (RTS) is a British-based educational charity for the discussion, and analysis of television in all its forms, past, present, and future. It is the oldest television society in the world. It currently has fourteen regional and national centres in the UK, as well as a branch in the Republic of Ireland.