hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Steenbras Upper Dam
Steenbras Upper Dam is an earth-fill type dam located in the Hottentots Holland Mountains above Gordons Bay in the Western Cape, South Africa. It impounds the Steenbras River upstream of the older Steenbras Dam. The dam was constructed in 1977 for the City of Cape Town and serves mainly for municipal and industrial use. The hazard potential of the dam has been ranked high (3).

Steenbras Upper Dam also functions as the upper reservoir of the city's Steenbras pumped-storage hydroelectric power scheme, with a lower reservoir at the foot of the mountain. It is also linked by an open canal and pipeline to the Rockview Dam, which acts as the upper reservoir of the Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme, a separate pumped-storage scheme operated by Eskom and the Department of Water and Sanitation. The link allows water from the Palmiet River to be transferred to the dam.

Palmiet River
Palmiet River (Afrikaans: Palmietrivier) is a river located in the Western Cape province of South Africa. The Palmiet River is a typical Western Cape river, experiencing winter rainfall and it is important for the Western Cape Water Supply System. It has a small catchment area of 500 km2, flows through the expanse of the Elgin Valley, and reaches the ocean through an estuary.

This river has six irrigation and hydro-power dams along its length, and provides water for agricultural and industrial uses, as well as to the city of Cape Town. It is unclear why there has been an apparent increase in flow over the last 30 years.

This river is named after the plant known as Palmiet (Prionium serratum) and should not be confused with the Palmiet River near Durban, or the Palmiet River which is a tributary of the Keurbooms River.
Onakona
Onakona, also known as Odemadih, is a village in the Durg District of Chhattisgarh, India.

Onakona is located on the banks of the Gangrel Dam reservoir, built on the Mahanadi River. In the 21st century, Tirath Raj Futan of Dhamtari commissioned the construction of a Shiva temple at Onakona, modeled after the Trimbakeshwar Shiva Temple in Maharashtra. The temple is surrounded by a hill on one side, and the reservoir on the other, with a waterfall pond nearby, making it a popular tourist spot.

Onakona is located in the Gurur tehsil, and comes under the administration of the Karrajhar gram panchayat. As of 2011, the village has a population of 182 people, including 95 males and 87 females, who live in 38 houses. The effective literacy rate, that is the literacy rate of population aged 7 years and above, is 72.53%.

Trimbakeshwar Temple
Trimbakeshwar Shiva Temple (श्री त्र्यंबकेश्वर ज्योतिर्लिंग मंदिर) is an ancient Hindu temple in the town of Trimbak, in the Trimbakeshwar tehsil, in the Nashik District of Maharashtra, India, 28 km from the city of Nashik and 40 km from Nashik road. It is dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva and is one of the twelve jyotirlingas where the Hindu genealogy registers at Trimbakeshwar, Maharashtra are kept. The origin of the sacred Godavari River is near Trimbak. Several Hindu rituals are carried out in Trimbakeshwar, for that pilgrims travel from all over India.

The Kusavarta kunda (sacred pond) in the temple premises, built by Shrimant Sardar Raosaheb Parnerkar, who was the Fadnavis of Indore State, is the source of the Godavari River, the second longest river in India. A bust of Sardar Fadnavis and his wife can be seen on the edge of the kunda. The current temple was built by Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao after it was destroyed by Mughal ruler Aurangzeb.
Tom Burke (hurler)
Tom Burke was an Irish sportsperson in the 1880s.  A native of Thurles, County Tipperary, he played hurling with his local Thurles Blues club and was a member of the Tipperary senior inter-county team that won the very first All-Ireland title in 1887.

Thurles Sarsfields GAA
Thurles Sarsfields is a Tipperary GAA club which is located in County Tipperary, Ireland. Both hurling and Gaelic football are played in the "Mid-Tipperary" divisional competitions. The club is centred in the town of Thurles at Semple Stadium. The club was founded in 1881 and is the most honoured club in the county, with 36 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship titles. Thurles Sarsfields are affiliated with the town's juvenile club Dúrlas Óg.
Shreya Shanker
Shreya Shanker is an Indian (born 25 March 1997) actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Femina Miss India United Continents 2019 at the grand finale of Femina Miss India 2019 by the outgoing titleholder Gayatri Bharadwaj. She recently made her acting debut as Ariana in the web series Dil Dosti Dilemma on Amazon Prime which was released on 25 April 24. Her father is a serving Brigadier in the Indian Army and her mother is a freelance counsellor. She is the granddaughter of Dr R. S. P. Verma, an eminent dermatologist of Bihar, and her maternal grandfather, Professor Rana Pratap Sinha, is an eminent psychologist of Bihar. She has a younger sister, Alina, who is a studying at Delhi University. She represented India at Miss United Continents 2019 pageant, held on 28 September 2019.

Gayatri Bhardwaj
Gayatri Bhardwaj (born 17 June 1995) is an Indian model, actress and beauty pageant title holder who predominantly works in Hindi and Telugu films. She represented the state of New Delhi at the Femina Miss India 2018 pageant, where was crowned  Femina Miss India Miss United Continents 2018 and represented India at Miss United Continents pageant. In 2021, she acted in an Indian YouTube comedy web-series named Dhindora which marked her acting debut.
Bubble Trouble (film)
Bubble Trouble is a 1953 short subject directed by Jules White starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Shemp Howard). It is the 151st entry in the series released by Columbia Pictures starring the comedians, who released 190 shorts for the studio between 1934 and 1959.

Slapstick
Slapstick is a style of humor involving exaggerated physical activity that exceeds the boundaries of normal physical comedy. Slapstick may involve both intentional violence and violence by mishap, often resulting from physical abuse and/or inept use of props such as saws and ladders.

The term arises from a device developed for use in the broad, physical comedy style known as commedia dell'arte in 16th-century Italy. The "slap stick" consists of two thin slats of wood, which makes a "slap" when striking another actor, with little force needed to make a loud—and comical—sound. The physical slap stick remains a key component of the plot in the traditional and popular Punch and Judy puppet show. More contemporary examples of slapstick humor include The Three Stooges, The Naked Gun and Mr. Bean.
Kirk o' Shotts transmitting station
The Kirk o' Shotts transmitting station is a broadcasting and telecommunications site at The Hirst which lies just outside the village of Salsburgh which is near the town of Shotts in North Lanarkshire central Scotland. (Kirk o' Shotts means 'Church of Shotts' and takes its name from nearby Kirk o' Shotts Parish Church and Kirk o' Shotts Primary School both located as you enter the nearby village of Salsburgh.)

North Lanarkshire
North Lanarkshire (Scots: North Lanrikshire; Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Lannraig a Tuath) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. It borders the north-east of the Glasgow City council area and contains many of Glasgow's suburbs, commuter towns, and villages. It also borders East Dunbartonshire, Falkirk, Stirling, South Lanarkshire, and West Lothian. The council area covers parts of the historic counties of Dunbartonshire, Lanarkshire, and Stirlingshire. The council is based in Motherwell.

The area was formed in 1996, covering the districts of Cumbernauld and Kilsyth, Motherwell, and Monklands, plus the Chryston and Auchinloch areas from Strathkelvin district, all of which had been in the Strathclyde region between 1975 and 1996. As a new single-tier authority, North Lanarkshire became responsible for all functions previously performed by both the regional council and the district councils, which were abolished.
RNA extraction
RNA extraction is the purification of RNA from biological samples. This procedure is complicated by the ubiquitous presence of ribonuclease enzymes in cells and tissues, which can rapidly degrade RNA. Several methods are used in molecular biology to isolate RNA from samples, the most common of these is guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Usually, the phenol-chloroform solution used for RNA extraction has lower pH, this aids in separating DNA from RNA and leads to a more pure RNA preparation. The filter paper based lysis and elution method features high throughput capacity.

RNA extraction in liquid nitrogen, commonly using a mortar and pestle (or specialized steel devices known as tissue pulverizers) is also useful in preventing ribonuclease activity.

Acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction
Acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction (abbreviated AGPC) is a liquid–liquid extraction technique in biochemistry and molecular biology. It is widely used for isolating RNA (as well as DNA and protein in some cases). This method may take longer than a column-based system such as the silica-based purification, but has higher purity and the advantage of high recovery of RNA. Furthermore, an RNA column is typically unsuitable for purification of short (<200 nucleotides) RNA species, such as siRNA, miRNA and tRNA.

It was originally devised by Piotr Chomczynski and Nicoletta Sacchi, who published their protocol in 1987. The reagent is sold by Sigma-Aldrich by the name TRI Reagent; by Invitrogen under the name TRIzol; by Bioline as Trisure; and by Tel-Test as STAT-60.
Jacopo Strada
Jacopo Strada (Mantua, 1507 – Prague 1588) was an Italian polymath courtier, painter, architect, goldsmith, inventor of machines, numismatist, linguist, collector, and art dealer. His portrait by Titian has kept his image familiar.

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
Rudolf II (18 July 1552 – 20 January 1612) was Holy Roman Emperor (1576–1612), King of Hungary and Croatia (as Rudolf I, 1572–1608), King of Bohemia (1575–1608/1611) and Archduke of Austria (1576–1608). He was a member of the House of Habsburg.

Rudolf's legacy has traditionally been viewed in three ways: an ineffectual ruler whose mistakes led directly to the Thirty Years' War; a great and influential patron of Northern Mannerist art; and an intellectual devotee of occult arts and learning which helped seed what would be called the Scientific Revolution. Determined to unify Christendom, he initiated the Long Turkish War (1593–1606) with the Ottoman Empire. Exhausted by war, his citizens in Hungary revolted in the Bocskai Uprising, which led to more authority being given to his brother Matthias. Under Rudolf's reign, there was a policy of tolerance towards Judaism.
No Longer 17
No Longer 17 (Hebrew: לא בת 17) is a 2003 Israeli drama written and directed by Itzhak Zepel Yeshurun.  It is the sequel to the director's 1982 film Noa at 17 and features actress Dalia Shimko reprising her role as Noa, the idealistic teen who is now a middle-aged woman, who experienced the United Kibbutz Movement split crisis and return to the kibbutz crisis of the 1990s.

The filming took place in Kibbutz Eyal and Kibbutz Horshim.

No Longer 17 premiered at the Haifa Film Festival in October 2003 where it won the Best Film award.

Horshim
Horshim (Hebrew: חוֹרְשִׁים, lit. 'Ploughmen') is a kibbutz in central Israel. Located in the south of the Sharon plain and covering 3,000 dunams, it falls under the jurisdiction of Drom HaSharon Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 350.

The kibbutz industries include Termokir (a building materials manufacturer) and various forms of agriculture such as a dairy and an avocado farm.
Pokémon Mystery Dungeon: Gates to Infinity
Pokémon Mystery Dungeon: Gates to Infinity is a roguelike video game developed by Spike Chunsoft and published by Nintendo and The Pokémon Company for the Nintendo 3DS. It is the ninth installment in the Pokémon Mystery Dungeon series.

Like other Mystery Dungeon games, Gates to Infinity features turn-based combat in a tiled dungeon environment which changes as the player character, a human turned into a Pokémon, progresses from floor to floor. The game received mixed reviews from critics. It was followed up in 2015 by Pokémon Super Mystery Dungeon.

Spike Chunsoft
Spike Chunsoft Co., Ltd. is a Japanese video game development and localization company specializing in role-playing video games, visual novels and adventure games. The company was founded in 1984 as Chunsoft Co., Ltd. and merged with Spike in 2012. It is owned by Dwango.

It created games such as the first five Dragon Quest installments and the Mystery Dungeon franchise as Chunsoft, and the Conception series as Spike Chunsoft. They also developed titles such as The Portopia Serial Murder Case, the Sound Novel series (consisting of Otogirisō, Kamaitachi no Yoru, Machi and 428: Shibuya Scramble) and the Zero Escape series as Chunsoft. Spike developed Danganronpa before the merger.
Ioannis Dimakopoulos
Ioannis Dimakopoulos (Greek: Ιωάννης Δημακόπουλος, 1833/35–1866) was an officer of the Hellenic Army from Arcadia. He participated as a volunteer in the Cretan Revolution of 1866 and he was killed during the siege of Arkadi Monastery.

Arcadia (regional unit)
Arcadia (Greek: Αρκαδία, romanized: Arkadía Modern Greek: [ɐr.kɐˈði.ɐ]) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the administrative region of Peloponnese. It is in the central and eastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. It takes its name from the mythological figure Arcas. In Greek mythology, it was the home of the god Pan.
John Fillis
John Fillis (c. 1724 – July 16, 1792) was a merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia. He was a member of the 1st General Assembly of Nova Scotia and later represented Halifax County from 1768 to 1770, Barrington Township from 1772 to 1785 and Halifax Township from 1785 to 1792.  He was accused of being an American Patriot and led the efforts against Governor Francis Legge.

He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of John Fillis, and came to Nova Scotia around 1751. He had married Elizabeth Stoddard in 1747. Fillis established a shipping business based in Halifax, with a branch in Boston. He also set up a distillery in Halifax. In 1756, he married Sarah Cleveland (Rudduck). Fillis was also a justice of the peace. He died in office in Halifax. He is buried in the Old Burying Ground (Halifax, Nova Scotia).

1st General Assembly of Nova Scotia
The General Assembly of Nova Scotia was established by a proclamation of the Governor in Council on May 20, 1758.  A writ for the election of the 1st General Assembly of Nova Scotia was issued by May 22, returnable at the convening of the assembly on October 2, 1758.  The assembly held two sessions, and was dissolved on August 13, 1759.
Playa Hata
"Playa Hata" is a song by American West Coast hip hop duo Luniz featuring R&B singer Teddy. It was released in November 1995 through Virgin Records America, C-Note Records, and Noo Trybe as the second and final single off of the duo's debut studio album, Operation Stackola (1995). Production was handled by E-A-Ski & CMT, who used a sample of Bobby Caldwell's "What You Won't Do for Love" as well as the interplation during the chorus of Chuckii Booker's 1992 hit "Games".

In the United States, the single reached number 51 on the Billboard Hot R&B Singles chart and number 13 on the Hot Rap Singles chart. In the United Kingdom, it peaked at number 20 on the UK singles chart, number 12 on the UK Dance Albums Chart and number 4 on the UK Hip Hop and R&B Albums Chart.

Games (Chuckii Booker song)
"Games" is a song by American R&B singer Chuckii Booker, from his second studio album Niice 'n Wiild. The single spent one week at number-one on the U.S. Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and peaked at number sixty-eight on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. It was sampled in Return of the Mack by Mark Morrison in 1996.
Transgender history in the United States
Historical accounts of transgender people in the land now known as the United States of America date back to at least the early 1600s. Before Western contact, some Native American tribes had third gender people whose social roles varied from tribe to tribe. People dressing and living differently from the gender roles typical of their sex assigned at birth and contributing to various aspects of American history and culture have been documented from the 17th century to the present day. In the 20th and 21st centuries, advances in gender-affirming surgery as well as transgender activism have influenced transgender life and the popular perception of transgender people in the United States.

American Psychiatric Association
38°52′47″N 77°01′30″W﻿ / ﻿38.879713°N 77.025061°W﻿ / 38.879713; -77.025061

The American Psychiatric Association (APA) is the main professional organization of psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists in the United States, and the largest psychiatric organization in the world. It has more than 39,200 members who are involved in psychiatric practice, research, and academia representing a diverse population of patients in more than 100 countries. The association publishes various journals and pamphlets, as well as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The DSM codifies psychiatric conditions and is used mostly in the United States as a guide for diagnosing mental disorders.

The organization has its headquarters in Washington, D.C.
Paul Amyrault
Paul Amyrault (some sources Amyrauld) was a 17th-century Anglican priest in Ireland.

Amyrault was of Huguenot descent.
He was Archdeacon of Kilfenora from 1663 to 1690, Provost of Tuam from 1667 to 1667 and Chancellor of Killaloe from 1667 to 1674;

He was succeeded by his son Joseph Amyrault as Archdeacon of Kilfenora.

St Mary's Cathedral, Tuam
St Mary's Cathedral (Irish: Ard-Eaglais Mhuire) is a cathedral church of the Diocese of Tuam, Limerick and Killaloe in the Church of Ireland. It is located in Tuam, County Galway, in Ireland. From the 12th century until 1839, both before and after the Reformation, it was the seat of the former Archdiocese of Tuam. Most of the present structure dates from the 1870s, but parts of earlier 12th- and 14th-century structures survive within.
Eduardo Mateo
Ángel Eduardo Mateo López (September 19, 1940 – May 16, 1990) was an Uruguayan musician, singer, songwriter, guitarist, and arranger. He played a key role in the development of modern Uruguayan music, blending rock, Latin music, bossa nova, psychedelia, and local rhythms such as candombe, in a manner similar to Brazilian Tropicália.

His songs have been recorded by various artists, including Pedro Aznar, Martin Buscaglia, Hugo Fattoruso, Fernando Cabrera, Leon Gieco, Mio Matsuda, Sandra Mihanovich, Milton Nascimento, Jaime Roos, and Yahiro Tomohiro.

Candombe
Candombe is a style of music and dance that originated in Uruguay among the descendants of liberated African slaves. In 2009, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) inscribed candombe in its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

To a lesser extent, candombe is practiced in Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil. In Argentina, it can be found in Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Paraná, and Corrientes. In Paraguay, this tradition continues in Camba Cuá and in Fernando de la Mora near Asunción. In Brazil, candombe retains its religious character and can be found in the states of Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul.

This Uruguayan music style is based on three different drums: chico, repique, and piano drums. It is usually played in February during carnival in Montevideo at dance parades called llamadas and desfile inaugural del carnaval.
Mandrillon
Mandrillon is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Camille Mandrillon (1891–1969), French biathlete

Maurice Mandrillon (1902–1981), French skier

René Mandrillon (1928–1970), French cross-country skier

René Mandrillon
René Mandrillon (born 28 August 1928 in Lamoura, Jura, France – 3 March 1970 in Lamoura) was a French cross-country skier who competed in the 1950s. He finished 18th in the 18 km event at the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo.
Vinyon
Vinyon is a generic term for synthetic fiber made primarily from polyvinyl chloride. Vinyon fibers may also be called to as polyvinyl chloride fibers, especially outside the United States.  It can bind non-woven fibers and fabrics.  Its existence was known as early as 1937, and 1939 by the American Viscose Corporation had begun manufacturing a copolymer textile fiber made from vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate.

It has the same health problems associated with chlorinated polymers.  In the past, Vinyon was used a substitute for plant-based filters in tea bags.

American Viscose Corporation
American Viscose Corporation was an American division of the British firm Courtaulds, which manufactured rayon and other synthetic fibres. The company operated from 1910 to 1976 when it was renamed Avtex. Avtex closed in 1990.
Until Eternity Ends
Until Eternity Ends is the first and only EP by the Swedish death metal band Edge of Sanity, released by Black Mark Production in 1994. There are two versions of this EP, one has a blue and yellow cover in a standard box, the other has a red and black cover in a slim-line single box. It features three original songs and a cover of "Invisible Sun" by The Police.

The liner notes bear the following message: “These are four songs that we felt didn't fit the album that we are busy writing right now. But we like the songs and wanted them out somehow. This is not a taster of our upcoming CD! The fourth CD Purgatory Afterglow will take off where Unorthodox left! C-Ya (1994).”

The record was both remixed and remastered by Dan Swanö in 2024. Both new editions of the EP were released by Century Media on June 21, 2024.

Black Mark Production
Black Mark Production (founded 1991) is an independent record label originally based in Berlin, later on with offices in Stockholm, Toronto and New York City.

Black Mark Production today is a worldwide operating business placed in Villa Hammerheart, Bruzaholm, Sweden, that specializes in extreme metal releases. It is perhaps best known for its close connection to Quorthon, leader of the defining black metal band Bathory until his death in 2004.
Julianów, Opoczno County
Julianów [juˈljanuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mniszków, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north of Mniszków, 20 km (12 mi) west of Opoczno, and 55 km (34 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Opoczno County
Opoczno County (Polish: powiat opoczyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, south-east Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Opoczno, which lies 72 kilometres (45 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Drzewica, lying 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Opoczno.

The county covers an area of 1,038.77 square kilometres (401.1 sq mi). As of 2009 its total population is 78,467, out of which the population of Opoczno is 21,635 (2016), that of Drzewica is 3,913 (2016), and the rural population is 52,006.