hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
First National Bank (South Africa)
First National Bank (FNB; Afrikaans: Eerste Nasionale Bank (ENB)) is one of South Africa's "big four" banks. It is a division of FirstRand, a large financial services conglomerate, which trades on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE), under the symbol: FSR.  FNB is also listed on the  Botswana Stock Exchange under the symbol FNBB and is a constituent of the BSE Domestic Company Index.

JSE Limited
The JSE Limited (previously the JSE Securities Exchange and the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, and commonly referred to as the JSE) is a stock exchange in South Africa, and the largest in Africa by market capitalization. It has been located in Sandton, Gauteng, since it moved from Johannesburg CBD in 2000.

As of January 2026, the JSE had a market capitalization of R24.22 trillion (roughly €1.27 trillion / £1.1 trillion / $1.48 trillion), and a total of 431 listed companies. In the same month, the FTSE/JSE All-Share Index (ALSI) hit 100,000 points - the highest since its foundation.

The JSE accounts for around 60% of Africa's total equity market value, with large, liquid, globally-integrated companies across numerous economic sectors. In terms of market cap, it is larger than the next nine ranking African stock exchanges combined.
NOON state
In quantum optics, a NOON state or N00N state is a quantum-mechanical many-body entangled state:

which represents a superposition of N particles in mode a with zero particles in mode b, and vice versa. Usually, the particles are photons, but in principle any bosonic field can support NOON states.

Pieter Kok
Pieter Kok is a Dutch physicist and one of the co-developers of quantum interferometric optical lithography. His research specializations include linear optical implementations of quantum communication and computation protocols, quantum teleportation and the interpretation of quantum theory.  
 
He is a Professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Sheffield.

Professor Kok was born in Friesland, Netherlands, graduated from the University of Utrecht with a masters in degree in Foundations of Quantum Theory, and later completing a PhD in physics from the University of Wales, Bangor in 2001. He has previously worked in the Quantum Computing Technologies Group at the NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory, in Pasadena, California, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories in Bristol, England and at the Department of Materials, University of Oxford.
Generalized arterial calcification of infancy
Generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is an extremely rare genetic disorder. It is caused by mutations in the ENPP1 gene in 75% of the subjects or in mutations in the ABCC6 genes in 10% of patients. However, sometimes individuals affected with GACI do not have mutations in the ENPP1 or ABCC6 gene and in those cases the cause of the disorder is unknown.

The condition usually affects infants during the first 6 months of life. This condition is inherited as an autosomal recessive pattern. It is characterized by generalized calcification of the arterial internal elastic lamina, leading to rupture of the lamina and occlusive changes in the tunica intima with stenosis and decreased elasticity of the vessel wall. Unfortunately, many infants die of vaso-occlusive disease, especially of the coronary arteries.

Tunica intima
The tunica intima (Neo-Latin "inner coat"), or intima for short, is the innermost tunica (layer) of an artery or vein. It is made up of one layer of endothelial cells (and macrophages in areas of disturbed blood flow), and is supported by an internal elastic lamina.  The endothelial cells are in direct contact with the blood flow.

The three layers of a blood vessel are an inner layer (the tunica intima), a middle layer (the tunica media), and an outer layer (the tunica externa).

In dissection, the inner coat (tunica intima) can be separated from the middle (tunica media) by a little maceration, or it may be stripped off in small pieces; but, because of its friability, it cannot be separated as a complete membrane. It is a fine, transparent, colorless structure which is highly elastic, and, after death, is commonly corrugated into longitudinal wrinkles.
William Chetwynd (MP for Wootton Bassett)
William Chetwynd (c. 1691 – 24 July 1744), of Beddington, Surrey, was a British lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1722 to 1727.

Chetwynd was the second son of John Chetwynd of Ludlow, Shropshire and brother of Walter Chetwynd. He was probably educated at Eton College between 1706 and 1707 and was admitted at Queens' College, Cambridge on 5 March 1708. He was also admitted at Middle Temple in 1707 and called to the bar in 1714.

At the 1722 general election Chetwynd was returned as Member of Parliament for Wootton Bassett, as a government supporter. He did not stand again at the 1727 general election.

Chetwynd married. Lady Elizabeth Carew, widow of Sir Nicholas Carew, 1st Baronet of Beddington, and daughter of Nicholas Hackett of North Crawley, Buckinghamshire on 30 May 1728. He died without issue on 24 July 1744.

Wootton Bassett (UK Parliament constituency)
Wootton Bassett was a parliamentary borough in Wiltshire, which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1447 until 1832, when the rotten borough was abolished by the Great Reform Act.
Arsinoë (daughter of Nicocreon)
In Greek mythology, Arsinoë (Ancient Greek: Ἀρσινόη, romanized: Arsinóē, lit. 'elevated-minded' pronounced [arsinóɛː]) is a Cypriot princess who was punished by being turned into stone at the hand of the goddess of love Aphrodite for turning down a potential suitor named Arceophon, who then killed himself.

Arsinoë and her brief petrification tale serve as a doublet for the also Cypriot and more well-known story of Iphis and Anaxarete which follows the same pattern. Her tale is only preserved in the writings of Antoninus Liberalis, a little-known author of the Roman imperial era.

History of Cyprus
Human habitation of Cyprus dates back to the Paleolithic era. Cyprus's geographic position has caused the island to be influenced by differing Eastern Mediterranean civilisations over the millennia.

Periods of Cyprus's history from 1050 BC have been named according to styles of pottery found, as follows:

Cypro-Geometric I: 1050–950 BC

Cypro-Geometric II: 950–900 BC

Cypro-Geometric III: 900–750 BC

Cypro-Archaic I: 750–600 BC

Cypro-Archaic II: 600–480 BC

Cypro-Classical I: 480–400 BC

Cypro-Classical II: 400–310 BC
Pete the Pup
Pete the Pup (September 9, 1929 – January 28, 1946) was an American dog actor known to portray "Pete, the dog with the ring around his eye" in Hal Roach's Our Gang comedies series (later known as The Little Rascals) during the 1930s. He was well-known for the circle around his eye, applied by Hollywood makeup artist Max Factor.

Max Factor Sr.
Max Factor Sr. (September 15, 1877 – August 30, 1938), born Maksymilian Faktorowicz, was a Polish-American businessman, beautician, entrepreneur and inventor. As a founder of the cosmetics giant Max Factor & Company, he largely developed the modern cosmetics industry in the United States and popularized the term "make-up" in noun form based on the verb.

He is also known for doing makeovers for starlets and giving them their signature looks; his most iconic works include Jean Harlow's platinum hair, Clara Bow's bob, Lucille Ball's false lashes and red curls, and Joan Crawford's "Hunter's Bow", or overdrawn lips.
Ultimate Chicken Horse
Ultimate Chicken Horse is a multiplayer competitive platform video game developed and published by Canadian studio Clever Endeavour Games. It was released for Microsoft Windows on 4 March 2016, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One in December 2017, and Nintendo Switch on 25 September 2018.

A spiritual successor, titled Ultimate Sheep Raccoon, was released on 9 December 2025.

Spiritual successor
A spiritual successor (sometimes called a spiritual sequel) is a product or fictional work that is similar to, or directly inspired by, another previous product or work, but (unlike a traditional prequel or sequel) does not explicitly continue the product line or media franchise of its predecessor, and is thus only a successor "in spirit". Spiritual successors often have similar themes and styles to their preceding material, but are generally a distinct intellectual property.

In fiction, the term generally refers to a work by a creator that shares similarities to one of their earlier works, but is set in a different continuity, and features distinct characters and settings. Such works may arise when licensing issues prevent a creator from releasing a direct sequel using the same copyrighted characters and names as the original.
2026 United States Senate elections
The 2026 United States Senate elections are scheduled to be held on November 3, 2026, with 33 of the 100 seats in the Senate being contested in regular elections. In these elections, voters will elect candidates to six-year terms that begin on January 3, 2027 and expire on January 3, 2033.

Senators are divided into three classes whose terms are staggered, so that a different class is elected every two years. Class 2 senators were last elected in 2020 and are up for election in 2026. With the election of John Thune as leader of the Republican Conference, this will be the first election year since 2006 in which Senate Republicans are not led by Mitch McConnell.

Special elections have been scheduled in Ohio and Florida, following the resignation of JD Vance to become vice president and Marco Rubio's resignation to become secretary of state, respectively.

Senate Republican Conference
The Senate Republican Conference is the formal organization of the Republican senators in the United States Senate. Over the last century, the mission of the conference has expanded and been shaped as a means of informing the media of the opinions and activities of Senate Republicans. The Senate Republican Conference assists Republican senators by providing a full range of communications services including graphics, radio, television, and the Internet. Its chairman is Senator Tom Cotton, and its vice chairman is Senator James Lankford.
Beromünster
Beromünster is a municipality in the district of Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2004 the former municipality of Schwarzenbach merged into the municipality of Beromünster.  On 1 January 2009 the former municipality of Gunzwil merged into the municipality of Beromünster followed by Neudorf on 1 January 2013.

Sursee District
Sursee District is one of the five Ämtern, or districts, of the German-speaking Canton of Lucerne, Switzerland. Its capital is the town of Sursee.  It has a population of 76,451 (as of 31 December 2020).  In 2013 the name was changed from Amt Sursee to Wahlkreis Sursee as part of a reorganization of the Canton.  A sixth Wahlkreis was created, but in Sursee everything else remained essentially unchanged.

Sursee District consists of the following municipalities:

^a  1992/97 survey gives a total area of 287.50 km2 (111.00 sq mi) without including certain large lakes, while the 2000 survey includes lakes and gives the higher value.
Nose-leaf
A nose-leaf, or leaf nose, is an often large, lance-shaped nose, found in bats of the Phyllostomidae, Hipposideridae, and Rhinolophidae families. Because these bats echolocate nasally, this nose-leaf is thought to serve a role in modifying and directing the echolocation call.

The shape of the nose-leaf can be important for identifying and classifying bats. Furthermore, the shape of the nose-leaf can identify behavior of the bat itself; for example, in the families that have the nose-leaf, experiments have shown it to act as a baffle and focus their emission beams.

Hipposideridae
The Hipposideridae are a family of bats commonly known as the Old World leaf-nosed bats. While it has often been seen as a subfamily, Hipposiderinae, of the family Rhinolophidae, it is now more generally classified as its own family. Nevertheless, it is most closely related to Rhinolophidae within the suborder Yinpterochiroptera.
Snells Nook Halt railway station
Snells Nook Halt railway station was a station on the Charnwood Forest Railway. Near the village of Nanpantan, on the outskirts of Loughborough, Leicestershire.

It opened on 2 April 1907 as a stop on the line between Loughborough Derby Road and Coalville East.

The halt closed on 13 April 1931 when passenger services on the line were withdrawn. Today, nothing remains of the halt but the line is still traceable.

Nanpantan
Nanpantan is a historic village, ward and suburb of Loughborough, in the Charnwood borough of Leicestershire, England. It is located in the south-west of the town of Loughborough. It is home to Nanpantan Reservoir.
Ida (abbess of St. Maria im Kapitol)
Ida (born before 1025, died 7 or 8 April 1060) was abbess of the convent St. Maria im Kapitol (St. Mary's in the Capitol) in Cologne. She belonged to the family of the Ezzonids, who became prominent in Lower Lorraine in the 11th century.

Lower Lotharingia
The Duchy of Lower Lotharingia, also called Northern Lotharingia, Lower Lorraine or Northern Lorraine (and also referred to as Lothier or Lottier in titles), was a stem duchy of the medieval Kingdom of Germany established in 959, which encompassed almost all of  modern Belgium, Luxembourg, the northern part of the German Rhineland province and the eastern parts of France's Nord-Pas de Calais region. It also included almost all of modern Netherlands.
Neeraj Grover murder case
Neeraj Grover was a television executive working for Synergy Adlabs, a Mumbai based production house. He was found dead in May 2008, a crime for which actress Maria Susairaj and her boyfriend Lieutenant Emile Jerome Mathew were arrested. Mathew was eventually found guilty of culpable homicide not amounting to murder and for destroying evidence. Susairaj was acquitted of the killing itself, but found guilty of destroying evidence. The killing and subsequent trial received significant press coverage in India.

Malad
Malad (Pronunciation: [maːlaːɖ]) is a suburb located in North Mumbai. Malad has a railway station on the Western Line (Mumbai Suburban Railway) of the Mumbai Suburban Railway, lying between Kandivali station to the north and Goregaon station to the south. The railway tracks of the Western Line divide the suburb into Malad (West) and Malad (East). It has a large Marathi and Marwadi population. Also located in Malad is a prominent office and commercial space extending from the back of two prominent shopping malls: Inorbit Mall and Infiniti Mall. Marve Beach and Aksa Beach areas suburbs located in Malad.
Purbayan Chatterjee
Purbayan Chatterjee (born 12 September 1976) is an Indian sitar maestro who lives in Mumbai, India. He is noted for amalgamating traditional Indian classical music with contemporary world music genres.

Sitar
The sitar (English:  /ˈsɪtɑːr/ or /sɪˈtɑːr/; IAST: sitāra) is a plucked stringed instrument, originating from the Indian subcontinent, used in Hindustani classical music. The instrument was invented in the 18th century, and arrived at its present form in 19th-century India. Khusrau Khan, an 18th-century figure of the Mughal Empire, has been identified by modern scholarship as the inventor of the sitar. According to most historians, he developed the sitar from the setar, an Iranian instrument of Abbasid or Safavid origin.

Used widely throughout the Indian subcontinent, the sitar became popularly known in the wider world through the works of Ravi Shankar, beginning in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The advent of psychedelic culture during the mid-to-late 1960s set a trend for the use of the sitar in Western popular music, with the instrument appearing on tracks by bands such as the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Metallica and many others.
2025 Supercoppa Italiana final (December)
The 2025–26 Supercoppa Italiana final was a football match to decide the winners of the 2025–26 Supercoppa Italiana, the Italian football super cup. It was the 38th edition of the annual tournament, which was also the third edition to feature a final match in the new four-team format. The match was played on 22 December 2025 at the King Saud University Stadium in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It featured the 2024–25 Serie A champions, Napoli, and the 2024–25 Coppa Italia winners, Bologna.

Napoli won the match 2–0 for their third Supercoppa Italiana title.

2024–25 Coppa Italia
The 2024–25 Coppa Italia (branded as the Coppa Italia Frecciarossa for sponsorship reasons) was the 78th edition of the national domestic tournament. There were 44 participating teams.

Juventus were the defending champions, having won a record fifteenth title in the previous edition, but were eliminated by Empoli in the quarter-finals. Bologna won its third Coppa Italia by defeating AC Milan 1–0 in the final, winning a first national title in 51 years.
Louisvale Pirates
Louisvale Pirates (often misspelt as Louisville Pirates) are a football club from the town of Louisvale in the Northern Cape.

They were promoted from the SAFA Second Division (Vodacom League for sponsorship reasons) in 2004.  In the 2004–05 season they were relegated from the National First Division.

Until Hungry Lions in 2021, they were the only team from the Northern Cape province to play in the PSL.

National First Division
The National First Division, officially known as the Motsepe Foundation Championship for sponsorship reasons, is the second-highest league of South African  football after the South African Premiership. Both the South African Championship and South African Premiership are organised by the Premier Soccer League.
Epulis
Epulis (Greek: ἐπουλίς; plural epulides) is any tumor-like enlargement (i.e. lump) situated on the gingival or alveolar mucosa. The word literally means "(growth) on the gingiva", and describes only the location of the mass and has no further implications on the nature of the lesion. There are three types: fibromatous, ossifying and acanthomatous. The related term parulis (commonly called a gumboil) refers to a mass of inflamed granulation tissue at the opening of a draining sinus on the alveolus over (or near to) the root of an infected tooth. Another closely related term is gingival enlargement, which tends to be used where the enlargement is more generalized over the whole gingiva rather than a localized mass.

Granuloma
A granuloma is an aggregation of macrophages (along with other cells) that forms in response to chronic inflammation. This occurs when the immune system attempts to isolate foreign substances that it is otherwise unable to eliminate. Such substances include infectious organisms including bacteria and fungi, as well as other materials such as foreign objects, keratin, and suture fragments.
1872 Danish Folketing election
Folketing elections were held in Denmark on 20 September 1872. The result was a victory for the United Left, which won 53 seats. Ludvig Holstein-Holsteinborg remained Prime Minister following the elections.

Venstre (Denmark)
Venstre (Danish: [ˈvenstʁɐ], lit. 'Left', V), full name Venstre, Danmarks Liberale Parti (English: Left, Denmark's Liberal Party), is a conservative-liberal, agrarian political party in Denmark. Founded as part of a peasants' movement against the landed aristocracy, today it espouses an economically liberal, pro-free-market ideology.

Venstre is the major party of the centre-right in Denmark, and the second-largest party in the country. The party has produced many Prime Ministers. In the 2022 general elections, Venstre received 13.3% of the vote and 23 out of 179 seats. Following the resignation of Jakob Ellemann-Jensen, the party is led by Troels Lund Poulsen who serves as the country's Deputy Prime Minister. Since December 2022, the party has been a junior partner in the second Frederiksen government.

The party is a member of Liberal International and the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) and has four MEPs in the European Parliament.
1974 Davis Cup Americas Zone
The Americas Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1974 Davis Cup.

12 teams entered the Americas Zone split across two sub-zones, the North & Central America Zone and the South America Zone. 9 teams played in the preliminary rounds, competing to advance to the main draw and join the remaining 3 teams which advanced to the main draw directly. The winners of each sub-zone main draw then played against each other to determine who moved to the Inter-Zonal Zone to compete against the winners of the Eastern Zone and Europe Zone.

Colombia defeated the United States in the North & Central America Zone final, and South Africa defeated Chile in the South America Zone final. In the Americas Inter-Zonal Final, South Africa defeated Colombia and progressed to the Inter-Zonal Zone.

United States Davis Cup team
The United States men's national tennis team represents the United States in Davis Cup tennis competition, and is governed by the United States Tennis Association.

The United States competed in the inaugural Davis Cup against Great Britain in 1900. They are the most successful team ever to compete in the Davis Cup, winning the coveted title on 32 separate occasions closely followed by Australia with 28 victories.
UFC Fight Night: Blaydes vs. Aspinall
UFC Fight Night: Blaydes vs. Aspinall (also known as UFC Fight Night 208 and UFC on ESPN+ 66) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on July 23, 2022, at The O2 Arena in London, England.

The O2 Arena
The O2 Arena, commonly known as the O2, is a multi-purpose indoor arena in the centre of The O2 entertainment district on the Greenwich Peninsula in southeast London, England. It opened in its present form in 2007. It has the third-highest seating capacity of any indoor venue in the United Kingdom, behind Co-op Live and Manchester Arena, and in 2008 was the world's busiest music arena.

The arena and broader complex were built within the former Millennium Dome, a large dome-shaped building intended for an exhibition celebrating the turn of the third millennium. As of 2022, it is the ninth-largest building in the world by volume with a diameter of 365 metres (399 yards) and a height of 52 metres (57 yards). It is named after its primary sponsor, the telecommunications company O2, a subsidiary of Virgin Media O2. The nearest tube station is North Greenwich on the Jubilee line.
Gene Layden
Eugene Francis Layden (March 14, 1894 – December 12, 1984) was a Major League Baseball outfielder. Layden played for the New York Yankees in 1915. In three career games, he had two hits in seven at-bats, with two RBIs. He batted and threw left-handed.

Layden was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Layden died on December 12, 1984 at the Forbes Gerontology Center at the age of 90. He had been a supervisor of Moore Park in Brookline, Pennsylvania.

Brookline, Pennsylvania
Brookline is an unincorporated community in Haverford Township in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. Its boundaries are approximately between Mill Road and Manoa Road on its North and South side and Darby Road and Earlington Road on its West and East sides. It neighbors the unincorporated communities of Llanerch, Oakmont, Beechwood, Penfield, Woodmere Park, and Chatham Park in Haverford. It is a commuting suburb of Philadelphia. Brookline and Oakmont together are considered the town center of Haverford.