hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS R-11
USS R-11 (SS-88), also known as "Submarine No. 88", was an R-1-class coastal and harbor defense submarines of the United States Navy commissioned after the end of World War I.

Due to space constraints, the boats built at the Fore River Shipbuilding Company yard, were laid down much later than the boats built at the Union Iron Works and the Lake Torpedo Boat Company yards. Because of this, none were commissioned before the end of WWI.

Coastal submarine
A coastal submarine or littoral submarine is a small, maneuverable submarine with a shallow draft well suited to navigating  coastal channels and harbors. Although size is not precisely defined, coastal submarines are larger than midget submarines, but smaller than sea-going submarines designed for longer patrols on the open ocean. Space limitations aboard coastal submarines restrict fuel availability for distant travel, food availability for extended patrol duration, and number of weapons carried. Within those limitations, however, coastal submarines may be able to reach areas inaccessible to larger submarines, and be more difficult to detect.
Huayi yiyu
The Huáyí yìyǔ (Chinese: 華夷譯語; lit. 'Sino-Foreign vocabularies') refers to a series of vocabularies produced by Ming and Qing dynasty Chinese administration for the study of foreign languages. They are a precious source of phonological information, both for the study of Chinese pronunciation and for the study of the languages in question.

Khams Tibetan
Khams Tibetan (Tibetan: ཁམས་སྐད, Wylie: Khams skad, THL: Khamké), Kham dialect is the Tibetic language used by the majority of the people in Kham. Khams is one of the three branches of the traditional classification of Tibetic languages (the other two being Amdo Tibetan and Ü-Tsang Tibetan). In terms of mutual intelligibility, Khams could communicate at a basic level with the Ü-Tsang branch (including Lhasa Tibetan).

Both Khams Tibetan and Lhasa Tibetan evolve to not preserve the word-initial consonant clusters, which makes them very far from Classical Tibetan, especially when compared to the more conservative Amdo Tibetan. Also, Kham and Lhasa Tibetan evolved to be tonal, which Classical Tibetan was not. Khams Tibetan has 80% lexical similarity with Central Tibetan.
Dnipro – Donbas Canal
The Dnipro – Donbas Canal (Ukrainian: Канал Дніпро — Донбас, romanized: Kanal Dnipro — Donbas), also known as Dnieper – Donbass Canal (Russian: Канал Днепр — Донбасс, romanized: Kanal Dnepr — Donbass) is a canal in Eastern Ukraine, connecting the Siverskyi Donets with the Dnipro River. The canal is mainly to improve the area's depleted water supplies, and is one of the largest canals in the Dnipro basin.

Eastern Ukraine
Eastern Ukraine or East Ukraine (Ukrainian: Східна Україна, romanized: Skhidna Ukrayina; Russian: Восточная Украина, romanized: Vostochnaya Ukraina) is primarily the territory of Ukraine east of the Dnipro (or Dnieper) river, particularly Kharkiv, Luhansk and Donetsk oblasts (provinces). Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts are often also regarded as "eastern Ukraine".

Almost a third of the country's population lives in the region, which includes several cities with population of around a million. Within Ukraine, the region is the most highly urbanized, particularly portions of central Kharkiv Oblast, south-western Luhansk Oblast, central, northern and eastern areas of Donetsk Oblast.
History of Indian Americans in Metro Detroit
A 2013 report by the Global Detroit and Data Driven Detroit stated that of the immigrant ethnic groups to Metro Detroit, the largest segment is the Indian population. As of 2012, the Indian populations of Farmington Hills and Troy are among the twenty largest Indian communities in the United States. As of the 2000 U.S. census there were 39,527 people with origins from post-partition India (Indians and Indian Americans) in Metro Detroit, making them the largest Asian ethnic group in the Wayne County-Macomb County-Oakland County tri-county area. People of those origins are found throughout Metro Detroit, with the majority being in Oakland County. Across the border, there is an equally large and growing Indian Canadian community in Windsor, Ontario, Canada.

Indian Canadians
Indian Canadians (or Indo-Canadians) are Canadians who have ancestry from India. The term East Indian is sometimes used to avoid confusion with Indigenous groups. Categorically, Indian Canadians comprise a subgroup of South Asian Canadians which is a further subgroup of Asian Canadians. As of the 2021 census, Indians are the largest non-European ethnic group in the country and form the fastest growing national origin in Canada.

Canada contains the world's ninth-largest Indian diaspora. The highest concentrations of Indian Canadians are found in Ontario and British Columbia, followed by growing communities in Alberta and Quebec as well, with the majority of them being foreign-born.
Maxime Vantomme
Maxime Vantomme (born 8 March 1986) is a Belgian former professional racing cyclist. Throughout his career, Vantomme competed for the Mitsubishi–Jartazi, Team Katusha, Crelan–Euphony, Roubaix–Métropole Européenne de Lille, WB Aqua Protect Veranclassic and Tarteletto–Isorex teams.

Landbouwkrediet–Colnago
Crelan–Euphony (UCI team code: CRE) was a UCI Professional Continental cycling team based in Belgium that participated in UCI Continental Circuits races and when selected as a wildcard to UCI ProTour events. The team was managed by Gérard Bulens, with assistance from directeur sportifs Jef De Bilde, Claude Criquielion, Marco Saligari and Claude Van Collie.

Despite the fact that it was never a top team, they had a 3rd place in the GC of the 2003 Giro d'Italia, thanks to later Discovery Channel and Astana rider Yaroslav Popovych.

The team was sponsored by the Belgian companies Crelan, a bank, and Euphony, a telecommunications company.

The team folded at the end of the 2013 season, for financial reasons.
Pseudeurotiaceae
The Pseudeurotiaceae are a family of fungi in the division Ascomycota. This family can not yet be taxonomically classified in any of the ascomycetous classes and orders with any degree of certainty (incertae sedis).

Class (biology)
In biological taxonomy, class (Latin: classis) is  a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit (i.e., a taxon) in that rank. It is a group of related taxonomic orders. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class ranking between phylum and order.
Praya Reclamation Scheme
The Praya Reclamation Scheme (Chinese: 海旁填海計劃) was a large scale land reclamation project carried out by the Hong Kong Land company in 19th Century Hong Kong under Sir Catchick Paul Chater and James Johnstone Keswick.

Keswick family
The Keswick family (/ˈkɛzɪk/) are a business dynasty of Scottish origin associated with the Far East region since 1855 and in particular the conglomerate Jardine Matheson.

As tai-pans of Jardine Matheson & Company, the Keswick family have at some time been closely associated with the ownership or management of the HSBC, the Indo-China Steam Navigation Company Ltd., the Canton Insurance Office Ltd, (now the HSBC Insurance Co), The Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company Limited, Star Ferry, Hong Kong Tramway, the Hong Kong Land Investment and Agency Co Ltd, and the Hongkong and Whampoa Dock Co Ltd.
Manuel Ferreira (footballer)
Manuel Ferreira (22 October 1905 – 29 July 1983) was an Argentine footballer who played as a forward.

Throughout his career, Ferreira was a member of the Argentina national team, and was part of the Argentine squad that won the football silver medal at the 1928 Olympic tournament. He also captained the Argentine team at the 1930 FIFA World Cup finals, in which Argentina finished as runner-up.

Ferreira won the Copa América championship with Argentina in 1929 and also won the Copa Newton in 1927 and 1928.

1929 South American Championship
The twelfth edition of the South American Championship was held in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 1 to 17 November 1929. The 1928 edition was postponed due to the participation of Chile, Uruguay and Argentina in the 1928 Summer Olympics held in Amsterdam, Netherlands, where Uruguay and Argentina won gold and silver respectively.

The participating countries were Argentina, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay, while Brazil, Bolivia, and Chile withdrew from the tournament.

Argentina won its fourth continental title.
Mognéville
Mognéville (French pronunciation: [mɔɲevil]) is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

On 29 August 1944, the 3rd Panzergenadier Division  of the  German Wehrmacht massacred 86 inhabitants of this and the three neighboring villages of Beurey-sur-Saulx, Couvonges and  Robert-Espagne. This is also referred to as the Massacre de la vallée de la Saulx.

Meuse (department)
Meuse (French pronunciation: [møz] ⓘ) is a department in northeast France, named after the River Meuse. Meuse is part of the current region of Grand Est and is landlocked and borders by the French departments of Ardennes, Marne, Haute-Marne, Vosges, Meurthe-et-Moselle, and Belgium to the north. Parts of Meuse belong to Parc naturel régional de Lorraine. It had a population of 184,083 in 2019. Front lines in trench warfare during World War I ran varying courses through the department and it hosted an important battle/offensive in 1916 in and around Verdun.
Faith Jaques
Faith Jaques (1923–1997) was a British illustrator of the late twentieth century notable for her work as a children's book author, illustrator, artist, stamp designer and advocate for artists' rights over their work.

Ursula Moray Williams
Ursula Moray Williams (19 April 1911 – 17 October 2006) was an English children's author of nearly 70 books for children.  Adventures of the Little Wooden Horse, written while expecting her first child, remained in print throughout her life from its publication in 1939.

Her classic stories often involved brave creatures who overcome trials and cruelty in the outside world before finding a loving home.  They included The Good Little Christmas Tree of 1943, and Gobbolino, the Witch's Cat first published the previous year.  It immediately sold out but disappeared until re-issued in abridged form by Kaye Webb at Puffin Books twenty years later, when it became a best-seller.
The Laughing Youth (Annibale Carracci)
The Laughing Youth or Head of a Laughing Youth is an oil on card painting by the Italian artist Annibale Carracci, later applied to a canvas support. Belonging to a group of 'ritrattini' or small portraits produced by the artist from 1582 onwards, it is first mentioned in the written record as ”Buffone che ride” (The Smiling Clown) in an inventory of the Borghese Collection from 1693.

Borghese Collection
The Borghese Collection is a collection of Roman sculptures, old masters and modern art collected by the Roman Borghese family, especially Cardinal Scipione Borghese, from the 17th century on.  It includes major collections of Caravaggio, Raphael, and Titian, and of ancient Roman art.  Cardinal Scipione Borghese also bought widely from leading painters and sculptors of his time, and Scipione Borghese's commissions include two portrait busts by Gian Lorenzo Bernini.  Most of the collection remains intact and on display at the Galleria Borghese, although a significant sale of classical sculpture was made under duress to the Louvre in 1807.
Arrondissements of the Ain department
The 4 arrondissements of the Ain department are:

Arrondissement of Belley, (subprefecture: Belley) with 104 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 124,868 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Bourg-en-Bresse, (prefecture of the Ain department: Bourg-en-Bresse) with 199 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 342,454 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Gex, (subprefecture: Gex) with 27 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 102,027 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Nantua, (subprefecture: Nantua) with 62 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 93,853 in 2021.

Nantua
Nantua (French pronunciation: [nɑ̃tɥa] ⓘ; Arpitan: Nantuat) is a commune in and subprefecture of the Ain département in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Eastern France. The commune of Nantua comprises the glacial Lac de Nantua.

Located in the Haut-Bugey historical region, among the southern foothills of the Jura Mountains, it is famous for its fresh-water fish and crayfish.
Allen Correctional Center
not to be confused with the Allen Correctional Institution, Lima, Ohio

Allen Correctional Center is a state prison in Allen Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is operated by the Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections. The Louisiana Department of Corrections built the prison, which opened in December 1990, for $27 million.

Allen-Oakwood Correctional Institution
The Allen-Oakwood Correctional Institution (AOCI), also known as the Allen Correctional Institution, is a prison located in Lima, Ohio, a facility of the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction.
Video game packaging
Video game packaging refers to the physical storage of the contents of a PC or console game, both for safekeeping and shop display. In the past, a number of materials and packaging designs were used, mostly paperboard or plastic. Today, most physical game releases are shipped in (CD) jewel cases or (DVD) keep cases, with little differences between them.

Aside from the actual game, many items may be included inside, such as an instruction booklet, teasers of upcoming games, subscription offers to magazines, other advertisements, or any hardware that may be needed for any extra features of the game.

Video game journalism
Video game journalism (or video game criticism) is a branch of journalism concerned with the reporting and discussion of video games, typically based on a core "reveal–preview–review" cycle. With the prevalence and rise of independent media online, online publications and blogs have grown.
Label This!
Label This! is the third studio album from Finnish trance DJ Darude. Released on 24 October 2007 in Finland and on 27 October in Europe, the American edition was released in 2008, with the notable inclusion of Darude's newest single, "I Ran (So Far Away)" featuring Blake Lewis, as the third track on the album. The tech mix of "Stars" has also been cut, keeping the number of tracks at 12. Unlike Darude's two previous album releases, this one did not chart, though the reviews were positive, with Gawker writing that the album's single "In the Darkness" "is a floating, gossamer piece of trance music of the kind AraabMuzik spun into such magic on Electronic Dream. Like 'Sandstorm,' it's tightly composed, easy to dance to, and has a soaring, undeniable hook."

Sandstorm (instrumental)
"Sandstorm" is an instrumental by Finnish DJ and record producer Darude, released as the lead single from his debut studio album, Before the Storm (2000). It was initially released in Finland on 26 October 1999 by 16 Inch Records and was released worldwide throughout 2000. The track was uploaded to MP3.com, where it gained global recognition. It has also gained recognition for its usage in sports and popularity in internet meme culture. Its music video was directed by Juuso Syrjä, a.k.a. Uzi, and filmed on sites in Helsinki.

"Sandstorm" topped the charts of Canada and Norway and was certified platinum in the United States by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for sales of over one million. On the centenary of Finland's independence in 2017, celebrations in Helsinki included Darude as one of the main performers with his "Sandstorm". In 2025, Billboard magazine ranked "Sandstorm" among "The 100 Best Dance Songs of All Time".
Maury County Airport
Maury County Airport (IATA: MRC, ICAO: KMRC, FAA LID: MRC) is a county-owned public-use airport in Maury County, Tennessee, United States. It is located 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) northeast of the central business district of Mount Pleasant, Tennessee and 8 nautical miles (15 km; 9.2 mi) southwest of Columbia, Tennessee.

This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation airport.

Columbia, Tennessee
Columbia is a city in and the county seat of Maury County, Tennessee. The population was 48,885 as of the City of Columbia's 2024 Special Census conducted by the US Census Bureau. Columbia is included in the Nashville metropolitan area.

The self-proclaimed "mule capital of the world," Columbia celebrates the city-designated Mule Day each April. Columbia and Maury County are acknowledged as the "Antebellum Homes Capital of Tennessee"; the county has more antebellum houses than any other county in the state. The city is home to one of the last two surviving residences of James Knox Polk, the 11th President of the United States; the other is the White House.
There Is No-One What Will Take Care of You
There Is No-One What Will Take Care of You is the debut studio album by Will Oldham. It was released under the band name Palace Brothers on Drag City in 1993. Oldham is accompanied by several members of Louisville rock band Slint.

Drag City (record label)
Drag City is an American independent record label based in Chicago, Illinois, established in the city in 1989 by Dan Koretzky and Dan Osborn. It specializes in indie rock, noise rock, psychedelic folk, alternative country, and experimental music. The label has featured numerous artists, including Bonnie "Prince" Billy, Bill Callahan, Joanna Newsom, and Silver Jews.
Wimereux
Wimereux (French: [vim(ə)ʁø]; West Flemish: Wimeruwe)  is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France 5 kilometres (3 mi) north of Boulogne-sur-Mer, on the banks of the small river Wimereux. The river Slack forms the northern border of the commune and the English Channel the western.

West Flemish
West Flemish (West-Vlams or West-Vloams or Vlaemsch (in French Flanders), Dutch: West-Vlaams, French: flamand occidental) is a collection of Low Franconian varieties spoken in western Belgium and the neighbouring areas of France and the Netherlands.

West Flemish is spoken by about a million people in the Belgian province of West Flanders, and a further 50,000 in the neighbouring Dutch coastal district of Zeelandic Flanders (200,000 if including the closely related dialects of Zeelandic) and 10–20,000 in the northern part of the French department of Nord. Some of the main cities where West Flemish is widely spoken are Bruges, Kortrijk, Ostend, Roeselare and Ypres in Belgium and Hazebrouck, Cassel, Halluin, and Bailleul in France.

West Flemish is listed as a "vulnerable" language in UNESCO's online Red Book of Endangered Languages.
Christopher Ruhm
Christopher J. Ruhm is an American economist, academic and author. He is a professor of public policy and economics at the University of Virginia and is a professor emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro.

Ruhm is most known for his works on the relationship between macroeconomic conditions and health as well as issues related to work-family balance, particularly the effects of parental and family leave policies. His research has been published in leading academic journals, including the American Economic Review, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Journal of Health Economics and Handbook of Health Economics.

Ruhm is a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research, and a research fellow at the Institute of Labor Economics.

University of North Carolina at Greensboro
The University of North Carolina at Greensboro (UNCG or UNC Greensboro) is a public research university in Greensboro, North Carolina. It is part of the University of North Carolina system. It is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges to award baccalaureate, master's, specialist, and doctoral degrees.

The university offers over 100 undergraduate, 61 master's, and 26 doctoral programs. UNCG is also home to the Weatherspoon Art Museum.
George Culver
George Raymond Culver (born July 8, 1943), is an American former professional baseball
pitcher, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cleveland Indians, Cincinnati Reds, St. Louis Cardinals, Houston Astros, Los Angeles Dodgers, and Philadelphia Phillies, from 1966 to 1974. He also pitched for the Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) Nippon-Ham Fighters, in 1975.

Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters
The Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters (北海道日本ハムファイターズ, Hokkaidō Nippon-Hamu Faitāzu) are a Japanese professional baseball team based in Kitahiroshima, Hokkaidō, in the Sapporo metropolitan area. They compete in the Pacific League of Nippon Professional Baseball, playing the majority of their home games at ES CON Field Hokkaido. The Fighters also host a select number of regional home games in cities across Hokkaidō, including Hakodate, Asahikawa, Kushiro, and Obihiro. The team's name comes from its parent organization, Nippon Ham, a major Japanese food-processing company.

Founded in 1946, the Fighters called Tokyo home for 58 years, as co-tenants of the Tokyo Dome and Korakuen Stadium with the Central League's Yomiuri Giants near the end of their tenure in the capital city. The franchise has won three Japan Series titles, in 1962, 2006, and, most recently, 2016.
Coles 4038
The Coles 4038 is a ribbon microphone produced by Coles Electroacoustics.  The microphone was designed and patented by the BBC in the 1950s and was originally known as the STC 4038. The sound of the microphone has been described as "British" with a "BBC politeness", and its appearance has been likened to that of a waffle iron. It is used in both sound recording and radio broadcasting.

Waffle iron
A waffle iron or waffle maker is a kitchen utensil used to cook waffles between two hinged metal plates. Both plates have gridded indentations to shape the waffle from the batter or dough placed between them. The plates are heated and the iron is closed while the waffle bakes. Waffles are a quick bread with a light and sweet flavor, similar to pancakes. Their appearance is much harder to achieve than a pancake's without a waffle iron. Similar technology is employed to bake wafers, and several other snacks including kue gapit, a waffle-shaped but crunchy Indonesian snack which can be made with both sweet and savoury flavours.
Richard J. Harrison (mineralogist)
Richard J. Harrison is a professor in the Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge and director of Studies for Earth and Mineral Sciences at St. Catharine's College, University of Cambridge. He works in the field of palaeomagnetism.

St Catharine's College, Cambridge
St Catharine's College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. Founded in 1473 as Katharine Hall, it adopted its current name in 1860. The college is nicknamed "Catz". The college is located in the historic city-centre of Cambridge, and lies just south of King's College and across the street from Corpus Christi College. The college is notable for its open court (rather than closed quadrangle) that faces towards Trumpington Street.

The college community consists of approximately 1000 Fellows, graduate and undergraduate students, and staff. The college is led by a Master, and the college is run by a governing body comprising the official and professorial Fellows of the college, chaired by the Master. The current Master, Sir John Benger took up office on 1 October 2023.