hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024 FIBA 3x3 AmeriCup – Men's tournament
The 2024 FIBA 3x3 AmeriCup – Men's tournament is the fourth edition of this continental championship. The event was held in San Juan, Puerto Rico for the second consecutive time. It was contested by 19 teams from all over the American continent.

The United States won their third title, after defeating hosts Puerto Rico 21–18 in the final.

Henry Caruso (basketball)
Henry Caruso (born July 1, 1995) is an American basketball player who is a member of the United States men’s national 3x3 team. He played college basketball at Princeton University and Santa Clara University.
Khan Ataur Rahman
Khan Ataur Rahman (known as Khan Ata; 11 December 1928 – 1 December 1997) was a Bangladeshi film actor, director, producer, screenplay writer, composer, and singer, best known for his role in the film Jibon Theke Neya (1970). He received the Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Screenplay for the films Sujon Sokhi (1975) and Danpite Chhele (1980). He was awarded Ekushey Padak posthumously in 2003 by the Government of Bangladesh.

Ei Desh Tomar Amar
Ei Desh Tomar Amar (Bengali: এ দেশ তোমার আমার, lit. 'The Country Belongs To You and Me') is a 1959 Bengali-language Pakistani film starring Subhash Dutta and Sumita Devi opposite him. Ehtesham debuted his directing in this film. It was released on Christmas Day 1959. It also stars Azim, Anis and Rahman.

Singer Farida Yasmin debuted her playback singing career in this film through the song titled "Jani Na Furaye Jodi E Modhurati".
Nikolay Bondar
Nikolay Semyonovich Bondar (Russian: Николай Семёнович Бондарь; born 18 October 1950) is a Russian jurist and constitutional law scholar who served as the judge of the Constitutional Court of Russia from 2000 to 2020.

Constitutional Court of Russia
The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation (Russian: Конституционный Суд Российской Федерации) is a high court within the judiciary of Russia which is empowered to rule on whether certain laws or presidential decrees are in fact contrary to the Constitution of Russia. Its objective is only to protect the Constitution (in Russian constitutional law this function is known as "constitutional control" or "constitutional supervision") and deal with a few kinds of disputes where it has original jurisdiction, whereas the highest court of appeal is the Supreme Court of Russia.
Viktor Ginzburg
Viktor L. Ginzburg is a Russian-American mathematician who has worked on Hamiltonian dynamics and symplectic and Poisson geometry. As of 2017, Ginzburg is Professor of Mathematics at the University of California, Santa Cruz.

Poisson manifold
In differential geometry, a field in mathematics, a Poisson manifold is a smooth manifold endowed with a Poisson structure. The notion of Poisson manifold generalises that of symplectic manifold, which in turn generalises the phase space from Hamiltonian mechanics.

A Poisson structure (or Poisson bracket) on a smooth manifold  is a functionon the vector space  of smooth functions on , making it into a Lie algebra subject to a Leibniz rule (also known as a Poisson algebra).

Poisson structures on manifolds were introduced by André Lichnerowicz in 1977 and are named after the French mathematician Siméon Denis Poisson, due to their early appearance in his works on analytical mechanics.

Poisson geometry can be regarded as a combination of foliation theory, symplectic geometry, and Lie theory. A Poisson manifold foliates. Each leaf of the foliation has a symplectic structure. The leaves are connected transversely through Lie geometry.
Rayleigh–Plesset equation
In fluid mechanics, the Rayleigh–Plesset equation or Besant–Rayleigh–Plesset equation is a nonlinear ordinary differential equation which governs the dynamics of a spherical bubble in an infinite body of incompressible fluid.  Its general form is usually written as

where

is the density of the surrounding liquid, assumed to be constant

is the radius of the bubble

is the kinematic viscosity of the surrounding liquid, assumed to be constant

is the surface tension of the bubble-liquid interface

, in which,  is the pressure within the bubble, assumed to be uniform and  is the external pressure infinitely far from the bubble

Provided that  is known and  is given, the Rayleigh–Plesset equation can be used to solve for the time-varying bubble radius .

The Rayleigh–Plesset equation can be derived from the Navier–Stokes equations under the assumption of spherical symmetry. It can also be derived using an energy balance.

Dynamics (mechanics)
In classical mechanics, dynamics  is the study of forces and their effect on motion. It is in contrast to statics, which deals with forces on objects at rest. The fundamental principle of dynamics is linked to Newton's second law.
Kaja Jerina
Kaja Jerina (born 11 September 1992) is a Slovenian footballer playing for ŽNK Radomlje in the SŽNL and the Slovenia national team.

She started her career in ŽNK Senožeti, moving later to ŽNK Jevnica, and in 2011 she made her debut for the Slovenian national team. In 2014 she moved abroad, playing for Merilappi United in the Finland's Naisten Liiga, ASD Pink Sport Time in Italy's Serie A and SV Henstedt-Ulzburg in Germany's 2. Bundesliga before returning to the SŽNL to play for ŽNK Radomlje.

2. Frauen-Bundesliga
The 2. Frauen-Bundesliga is the second league competition for women's association football in Germany. For its first 14 seasons the league was divided into two groups: Nord and Süd. The winner and the runner-up are promoted to the Bundesliga (unless they are reserve teams of Bundesliga sides); the last three places are relegated to the Regionalliga. Until the 2017–18 season, in each group, the winner was promoted and the bottom two were relegated.

The league has been played as one group of 14 teams since the 2018–19 season, with second teams of clubs being ineligible for promotion and allowed to have only three players older than 20 years.

For the 2020–21 season only, the 2. Frauen-Bundesliga was divided into two groups of 10 and nine teams each due to the relegation being suspended for the 2019–20 season as a result of COVID-19 pandemic. The two group winners were promoted to the Frauen-Bundesliga for the 2021–22 season. From the 2021–22 season, a single group was used again.
Affine representation
In mathematics, an affine representation of a topological Lie group G on an affine space A is a continuous (smooth) group homomorphism from G to the automorphism group of A, the affine group Aff(A). Similarly, an affine representation of a Lie algebra g on A is a Lie algebra homomorphism from g to the Lie algebra aff(A) of the affine group of A.

An example is the action of the Euclidean group E(n) on the Euclidean space En.

Since the affine group in dimension n is a matrix group in dimension n + 1, an affine representation may be thought of as a particular kind of linear representation. We may ask whether a given affine representation has a fixed point in the given affine space A. If it does, we may take that as origin and regard A as a vector space; in that case, we actually have a linear representation in dimension n. This reduction depends on a group cohomology question, in general.

Smoothness
In mathematical analysis, the smoothness of a function is a property measured by the number of continuous derivatives it has over its domain.

A function of class  is a function of smoothness at least k;  that is, a function of class  is a function that has a kth derivative that is continuous in its domain.

A function of class  or -function (pronounced C-infinity function) is an infinitely   differentiable function, that is, a function that has derivatives of all orders (this implies that all these derivatives are continuous).

Generally, the term smooth function refers to a -function. However, it may also mean "sufficiently differentiable" for the problem under consideration.
Triarchic theory of intelligence
The triarchic theory of intelligence or three forms of intelligence, formulated by psychologist Robert Sternberg, aims to go against the psychometric approach to intelligence and take a more cognitive approach, which leaves it to the category of the cognitive-contextual theories. The three meta components are also called triarchic components.

Sternberg's definition of human intelligence is "(a) mental activity directed toward purposive adaptation to, selection and shaping of, real-world environments relevant to one's life". Thus, Sternberg viewed intelligence as how well an individual deals with environmental changes throughout their lifespan. Sternberg's theory comprises three parts: componential, experiential and practical.

Sternberg's theory has since been expanded and advanced in the book Experiential Intelligence by Soren Kaplan.

Cognitive science
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include perception, memory, attention, reasoning, language, and emotion. To understand these faculties, cognitive scientists borrow from fields such as psychology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology. The typical analysis of cognitive science spans many levels of organization, from learning and decision-making to logic and planning; from neural circuitry to modular brain organization. One of the fundamental concepts of cognitive science is that "thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational procedures that operate on those structures."
Andy Halliday
Andrew William Halliday (born 11 October 1991) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder or left-back for Scottish Premiership club Motherwell. He has previously played for Livingston, Middlesbrough, Walsall, Blackpool, Bradford City, Gabala, Rangers and Heart of Midlothian.

In January 2015, he scored Bradford City's third goal against Chelsea in the fourth round of the FA Cup. His club went on to win 4–2, a result regarded as one of the greatest FA Cup shock results in the history of the competition.

Scottish Championship
The Scottish Championship known as the William Hill Championship for sponsorship reasons, is the second tier of the Scottish Professional Football League, the league competition for men's professional football clubs in Scotland. The Scottish Championship was established in July 2013, after the Scottish Professional Football League was formed by a merger of the Scottish Premier League and Scottish Football League.
Howick Youth Council
The Howick Youth Council (HYC) is a youth voice organisation covering the region of the Howick Local Board in Auckland, New Zealand.

The council runs events in East Auckland, advocates on behalf of youth and facilitates Auckland Council consultation. Operating in the suburbs of Howick, Pakuranga, Botany Downs and Ormiston, the group represents the youth in the population of 140,000 people living in the boundaries of the Howick Local Board. Howick Youth Council's 3 main goals are to offer opportunities, represent, and empower the youth of East Auckland.

Flat Bush
Flat Bush (also known as Ormiston or Flatbush) is an Eastern suburb in the city of Auckland, New Zealand. It has recently become one of the city's largest new planned towns after being developed as an urban area of Auckland for several decades. Plans for substantial expansion began under the former Manukau City Council — having bought 290 hectares in the area in 1996.

As of 2023, substantial residential development means the area has grown to over 45,000 people, a similar population to Nelson, and includes a large shopping centre: Ormiston Town Centre.
Gare aux gaffes du gars gonflé
Gare aux gaffes du gars gonflé, written and drawn by Franquin and Jidéhem, is an album of the original Gaston Lagaffe series, numbered R3. It is made up of 52 pages and was published by Dupuis. It consists of a series of one-strip gags.

Jidéhem
Jean De Mesmaeker (21 December 1935 – 30 April 2017), known by the pseudonym Jidéhem (French: [ʒi.de.ɛm]; from the initials "JDM"), was a Belgian comics artist in the Marcinelle school tradition.

He was best known for his series featuring a cute, playful and adventurous young girl, Sophie. A creator of his own series Sophie, and Ginger, and noted for his work with Starter and Uhu-man, he is known for his collaborations and assistance to the work of André Franquin during a long career at the Franco-Belgian comics magazine Spirou, working on Spirou et Fantasio and Gaston Lagaffe, on which he shared co-authorship for several years.
Islamism in the United Kingdom
Islamism, also known as political Islam, the use of Islam as a source of political identity and action, has existed in the United Kingdom since the 1970s, and has become widely visible and a topic of political discourse since the beginning of the 21st century.

Islam in the United Kingdom has grown rapidly due to immigration since the 1980s. According to the 2021 Census, Muslims make up approximately 6.5% of the population in England and Wales, totaling around 3.9 million people. This reflects an increase from the 2011 Census, which recorded Muslims at 4.9% (2.7 million) (although it is important to remember that the census only measures religious belonging, not political ideology).

2017 Finsbury Park van attack
On 19 June 2017, an Islamophobic terrorist attack occurred in Finsbury Park, London, England, when a van was intentionally driven into a crowd of Muslim pedestrians near the Muslim Welfare House, 100 yards (90 m) from the Finsbury Park Mosque, resulting in the death of a man and 11 injuries. The attack was found to be motivated by Islamophobia.

Makram Ali, a man who had earlier collapsed and was receiving first aid, died at the scene. The incident was investigated by counter-terrorism police as a terrorist attack. On 23 June, the perpetrator, a 47-year-old man from Cardiff, Wales named Darren Osborne, was charged with terrorism-related murder and attempted murder. In February 2018 at Woolwich Crown Court, he was found guilty on both counts and was sentenced to life imprisonment with a minimum term of 43 years.
The Gorge (album)
The Gorge is a collection of the songs played during Dave Matthews Band's three-night concert in 2002 at The Gorge Amphitheatre in George, Washington. The album was released in a three-disc set featuring 2 CDs and a DVD with live footage, advanced multi-angle features, behind the scenes clips, and a music video. The DVD was directed by Fenton Williams of Filament Productions. The DVD was authored by Neil Matthews at Ascent Media in New York City. The entire three-night concert was also released online through the band's online store as an MP3 or FLAC download, or as a six-CD box set.

George, Washington
George is a city in Grant County, Washington, United States. The population was 809 at the 2020 census. The "humorous homage" to President George Washington has landed George on lists of unusual place names.

The city is known for being near The Gorge Amphitheatre, sometimes called "The Gorge at George". The Gorge Amphitheatre was the location of the annual Sasquatch! Music Festival.

The city also celebrates national holidays such as the Fourth of July, and Washington's Birthday, with cherry pies. The world's largest cherry pie is also baked every year on July 4, and served to a crowd.
Simcha Paull Raphael
Simcha Paull Raphael (born 1951) is a Canadian psychotherapist, death awareness educator, and writer. He is the founder of the Da'at Institute for Death Awareness, Advocacy, and Training, and author of the book Jewish Views of the Afterlife, a synthesis of premodern mystical Jewish philosophy with postmodern concepts of transpersonal psychology, consciousness research, and near-death studies. This book is considered to be an important work of scholarship in the fields of thanatology and religious studies, which has helped shift the view that Judaism doesn't have beliefs in the afterlife.

Near-death studies
Near-death studies is a field of research that studies the near-death experience (NDE). The field was originally associated with a distinct group of North American researchers that followed up on the initial work of Raymond Moody, and who later established the International Association for Near-Death Studies (IANDS) and the Journal of Near-Death Studies. Since then the field has expanded, and now includes contributions from a wide range of researchers and commentators worldwide. Research on near-death experiences is mainly limited to the disciplines of medicine, psychology, and psychiatry.
Ujjain division
Ujjain Division is an administrative geographical unit of Madhya Pradesh state of India. Ujjain is the administrative headquarters of the division. As of 2005, the division consists of the districts of Dewas, Mandsaur, Neemuch, Ratlam, Shajapur, Agar Malwa and Ujjain.

Agar Malwa district
Agar Malwa district (Hindi pronunciation: [aːgəɾ maːlʋaː]) is an administrative district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It was formed in 2013 after being carved out of Shajapur district. The district's administrative headquarters is located in the town of Agar.
Tom Maynard
Thomas Lloyd Maynard (25 March 1989 – 18 June 2012) was a Welsh professional cricketer who played for Glamorgan and Surrey, and was selected for the England Lions tour to Bangladesh. On the night of his death, he was stopped by police in Wimbledon for erratic driving, and fled across rail tracks at Wimbledon Park tube station, where he was electrocuted and then hit by a train. The son of former England batsman Matthew Maynard, he was regarded as a highly promising young player.

England Lions cricket team
The England Lions (formerly England A) cricket team is England and Wales' "second-tier" team, below the full England cricket team. It is largely intended as a way for promising young cricketers to gain experience in international cricket.
Francesc Godoy
Francesc (Cesc, Francisco) Godoy Contreras (born 17 December 1986 in Barcelona), is a Spanish professional triathlete, U23 National Champion of the years 2006 and 2007, and member of the Spanish National Team 2010.

Among the non ITU competitions, Godoy was especially successful at the Embrunman in 2008, winning the silver medal (short distance), and at the Triathlon EDF Alpe d'Huez of the year 2010, winning silver again.
In Spain, Godoy represents the Club de Natació Barcelona (CN Barcelona).

Francesc Godoy's younger sister Anna is also a professional triathlete.

Alpe d'Huez Triathlon
The Triathlon EDF Alpe d'Huez, named after its sponsor Électricité de France (EDF), was established in 2006 by World Triathlon Champion Cyrille Neveu. It is not sanctioned by the International Triathlon Union (ITU) or Fédération Française de Triathlon (FFTRI). The long course event comprises a 2.2 km swim, a 115 km cycle and a 22 km run. It starts with the swim at the reservoir Lac du Verney then the cycling features the 21 bends used by the Tour de France as it climbs 1120 m to the ski resort of Alpe d'Huez for the run.
Red Clydeside
Red Clydeside was an era of political radicalism in Glasgow, Scotland, from the 1910s until the early 1930s. It also referred to the area around the city on the banks of the River Clyde, such as Clydebank, Greenock, Dumbarton and Paisley. Red Clydeside is a significant part of the history of the labour movement in Scotland and Britain as a whole.

Some newspapers of the time used the term "Red Clydeside" in a derogatory manner, to refer to the groundswell of popular and political radicalism that had erupted in Scotland. A confluence of charismatic individuals, organised movements, and socio-political forces gave rise to Red Clydeside, which had its roots in working-class opposition to Britain's participation in the First World War. The region had a long history of political radicalism dating back to the Society of the Friends of the People and the "Radical War" of 1820.

Parkhead
Parkhead (Scots: Pairkheid) is a district in the East End of Glasgow. Its name comes from a small weaving hamlet at the meeting place of the Great Eastern Road (now the Gallowgate and Tollcross Road) and Westmuir Street. Glasgow's Eastern Necropolis cemetery was laid out in the area in 1847 beside the Gallowgate.  It borders with Shettleston and Tollcross to the immediate east, and Camlachie and Dennistoun to the west.
Elachista griseella
Elachista griseella is a moth of the family Elachistidae. It is found from France to Italy and Ukraine.

The larvae feed on Calamagrostis epigejos, Dactylis glomerata, Elymus repens, Festuca rubra and Poa pratensis. They mine the leaves of their host plant. The species hibernates as an intermediate larva and resumes feeding in early April.

Dactylis glomerata
Dactylis glomerata is a species of flowering plant in the grass family Poaceae, known as cock's-foot, also colloquially as orchard grass, or cat grass (due to its popularity for use with domestic cats). It is a cool-season perennial C3 tufted grass native throughout most of Europe, temperate Asia, and northern Africa.
Thiebaud
Thiebaud or Thiébaud is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Georges Thiébaud (1850–1915), French journalist and nationalist

Jim Thiebaud, American skateboarder

Kelly Thiebaud (born 1982), American actress

Paul Thiebaud (1960–2010), American art dealer

Sandrine Thiébaud-Kangni (born 1976), French-Togolese sprinter

Twinka Thiebaud (born 1945), American model

Valère Thiébaud (born 1999), Swiss cyclist

Paul Thiebaud
Paul LeBaron Thiebaud (October 10, 1960 – June 19, 2010) was an American art dealer who owned two influential galleries, one in New York City and the other in San Francisco. He exhibited the work of a host of lesser-known artists whom he felt it was his role to bring to a wider public audience, in addition to the work of his father, the noted pop painter Wayne Thiebaud.
New Oxford Review
The New Oxford Review (NOR) is a magazine of traditionalist Catholic cultural and theological commentary. It was founded in 1977 by the American Church Union as an Anglo-Catholic magazine in the Anglican tradition to replace American Church News. It was named for the Oxford Movement of the 1830s and 1840s. In 1983, it officially "converted" to Catholicism.

Originally headquartered in Oakland, California, it is now headquartered in Berkeley, California. It had a paid circulation of 12,000 as of 2020. It has published writing by Walker Percy, Sheldon Vanauken, Thomas Howard, George A. Kelly, Bobby Jindal, Stanley L. Jaki, Peter Kreeft, Avery Dulles, Germain Grisez, James V. Schall, and John Lukacs. Contributing editors have included Robert N. Bellah, L. Brent Bozell Jr., Robert Coles, and Christopher Lasch.

L. Brent Bozell Jr.
Leo Brent Bozell Jr. (/boʊˈzɛl/; January 15, 1926 – April 15, 1997) was an American conservative activist and Catholic writer, and former United States Merchant Mariner. He was a conservative Catholic, and a strong supporter of the anti-abortion movement. In 1966, he co-founded the Catholic magazine Triumph, which published for a decade until its dissolution in 1976.