hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Woodfords, California
Woodfords (formerly, Brannan Springs, Carey's Mill, Cary's Mills, Carys Mill, Carys Mills, Woodford's, Carey's Mills, and Woodford) is an unincorporated community in Alpine County, California, near Markleeville. For census purposes, it is included in Alpine Village. It is located 6 miles (9.7 km) north-northwest of Markleeville, at 38°46′40″N 119°49′19″W﻿ / ﻿38.77778°N 119.82194°W﻿ / 38.77778; -119.82194.

Alpine County, California
Alpine County is a county in the eastern part of the U.S. state of California located within the Sierra Nevada on the state border with Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,204, making it California's least populous county. The county seat is Markleeville and the largest community is Alpine Village.
Eupithecia olivacea
Eupithecia olivacea is a moth in the family Geometridae first described by Taylor in 1906. It is found in North America from British Columbia south through Washington and Oregon to California.

The forewings are uniform olive brown. Adults are on wing from early March to April.

The larvae feed on Abies grandis, Abies amabilis, Abies lasiocarpa, Crataegus douglasii, Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca, Picea sitchensis and Tsuga heterophylla.

Abies amabilis
Abies amabilis, commonly known as the Pacific silver fir, is a fir native to the Pacific Northwest of North America, occurring in the Pacific Coast Ranges and the Cascade Range. It is also commonly referred to in English as the white fir, red fir, lovely fir, amabilis fir, Cascades fir, or silver fir.
Ek Nari Do Roop
Ek Nari Do Roop is a 1973 Bollywood crime drama film directed by Madhusudan. The film stars Roopesh Kumar, Nadira and Shatrughan Sinha. The movie has two famous songs; "Tum Samjho To Achha Hai" sung by Kishore Kumar and Asha Bhosle and "Dil Ka Soona Saaz Tarana Dhundega", sung by Mohammed Rafi. The movie is loosely based on the 1959 novel Shock Treatment by James Hadley Chase.

James Hadley Chase
James Hadley Chase (24 December 1906 – 6 February 1985) was an English writer. While his birth name was René Lodge Brabazon Raymond, he was well known by his various pseudonyms, including James Hadley Chase, James L. Docherty, Raymond Marshall, R. Raymond, and Ambrose Grant. He was one of the best known thriller writers of all time. The canon of Chase, comprising 90 titles, earned him a reputation as the king of thriller writers in Europe. He was also one of the internationally best-selling authors, and to date 50 of his books have been made into films.
Skyline Drive (Colorado)
Skyline Drive is a scenic roadway in Cañon City, Colorado. It was built by inmate labor in 1905. The road starts from U.S. Highway 50 and gradually inclines up the side of a ridge. When the road crests, it winds, climbs, and falls like a roller coaster until near its end, where a scenic outlook overlooks both the city to the east and the highway to the west.

The single-lane, one-way road rises about 800 feet (240 meters) above the surrounding terrain. There are no guardrails despite sharp drop-offs, and the drive is about 3 miles (4.8 kilometers) long.

The road ends in a residential neighborhood, and becomes a residential street that intersects with 5th Street, where signs point south toward US 50 and "Historic Downtown Cañon City," allowing drivers to head downtown and return to the highway.

Ridge
A ridge is a long, narrow, elevated geomorphologic landform, structural feature, or a combination of both separated from the surrounding terrain by steep sides. The sides of a ridge slope away from a narrow top, the crest or ridgecrest, with the terrain dropping down on either side. The crest, if narrow, is also called a ridgeline. Limitations on the dimensions of a ridge are lacking. Its height above the surrounding terrain can vary from less than a meter to hundreds of meters. A ridge can be either depositional, erosional, tectonic, or a combination of these in origin and can consist of either bedrock, loose sediment, lava, or ice depending on its origin. A ridge can occur as either an isolated, independent feature or part of a larger geomorphological and/or structural feature. Frequently, a ridge can be further subdivided into smaller geomorphic or structural elements.
Christian Catalini
Christian Catalini is an Italian-Canadian researcher and entrepreneur. He is a co-creator of Diem (formerly Libra), was the Chief Economist of the Diem Association, and is a research scientist at the MIT Sloan School of Management. With David Marcus, he cofounded the startup company Lightspark.

Catalini is known for his research on the economics of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology, and for the economical design of Diem. His past research focused on the economics of crowdfunding, early stage capital formation, the economics of science and technology.

MIT Sloan School of Management
The MIT Sloan School of Management (branded as MIT Sloan) is the business school of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

MIT Sloan offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degree programs, as well as executive education. Many influential ideas in management and finance originated at the school, including the Black–Scholes model, the random walk hypothesis, the binomial options pricing model, and the field of system dynamics. The faculty has included numerous Nobel laureates in economics and John Bates Clark Medal winners.
Don Gorske
Don Gorske (born 1953 or 1954) is an American world record holder known as the "ultimate Big Mac fan," having eaten over 35,000 such hamburgers from the U.S. fast food chain McDonald's in his lifetime (as of March 2024), earning him a place in the Guinness Book of Records. A resident of Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, Gorske claims the Big Mac constitutes 90–95% of his total solid food intake. He is featured in the documentaries Super Size Me (2004) and Don Gorske: Mac Daddy (2005), and is the author of 22,477 Big Macs (2008).

World record
A world record is usually the best global and most important performance that is ever recorded and officially verified in a specific skill, sport, or other kind of activity. The book Guinness World Records and other world records organizations collates and publishes notable records of many.
Sollepuram, Saragapalli
Sollepuram a village located in Krishnagiri District, Indian State of Tamil Nadu. This Village comes under the administration Saragapalli Gram panchayat, Thally block. This village is 3 km away from the major village Madagondapalli.

Sollepuram holds a unique cultural identity, heavily influenced by the presence of Catholic missionaries who settled in the neighboring village Madagondapalli over a century ago. As a result, the village has a notable population of Catholics who actively participate in religious activities and festivities.

Krishnagiri district
Krishnagiri district is one of the 38 districts (a district in the northwestern part) of the state of Tamil Nadu, in India. This district was carved out from Dharmapuri District in 2004. The municipal town of Krishnagiri is the district headquarters. In Tamil Nadu, e-Governance was first introduced at Krishnagiri district under the National e-Governance Project (NEGP) in revenue and social welfare departments on a pilot basis. The district is one of the largest producers of mangoes in India. As of 2011, the district had a population of 1,879,809 with a sex-ratio of 958 females for every 1,000 males. Hosur is the most populous city in the district.
Maughold Head Mining Company
The Maughold Head Mining Company was a mining company formed to explorate around the area of Maughold Head on the Isle of Man. The company's registered offices were at 30, John St, Bedford Row, London.

Maughold Head
Maughold Head is the easternmost point of the Isle of Man and the closest point in the Isle of Man to England, being 50 kilometres (31 mi) from St. Bees Head in Cumbria.

Maughold Head lies in the northeast of the island, some 5 kilometres (3 mi) from Ramsey, at the southern end of Ramsey Bay.
Regulo Carmona
Regulo Carmona Moreno (born 31 January 1980 in El Paraíso, Caracas) is a retired Venezuelan male artistic gymnast. Five times winner of the World Cup (2006-2007), three times champion of the Central American and Caribbean Games (2002-2010), two times Pan American champion of the discipline (2008-2010). Becoming the best rings gymnast in Latin America of his time. The 2006 and two times in 2007 rings World Cup Champion and at other several international competitions, Regulo has competed for over a decade on the international circuit. Despite his numerous achievements at the World Championships and World Cup, Latinos and other events, Carmona has suffered a string of misfortunes in his career moving him away from the olympic classification. He participated at the 2011 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Tokyo, Japan and at other several international competitions.

Central American and Caribbean Games
The Central American and Caribbean Games (CAC or CACGs) are a multi-sport regional championship event, held quadrennial (once every four years), typically in the middle (even) year between Summer Olympics. The games are for 32 countries and five territories in Central America, the Caribbean (Caribbean Countries), Mexico, and the South American Caribbean countries of Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.

The games are overseen by Centro Caribe Sports (formerly CACSO). They are designed to provide a step between sub-CACG-region Games held the first year following a Summer Olympics (e.g. Central American Games) and the Continental Championships, the Pan American Games, held the year before the Summer Olympics.

The last Games were held in San Salvador between 23 June to 8 July 2023. The next Games will be held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic as main host in 2026.
Frers
Frers is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Delfina Frers (born 1960), Argentine racing driver

Germán Frers (sailor) (1899–1986), Argentine sailor

Germán Frers (born 1941), Argentinian naval architect

Greg Frers (born 1971), Canadian football player

Delfina Frers
Delfina Frers Serralunga Langhi (born June 25, 1960) is an Argentine racing driver. She has competed multiple times in the TC 2000 Championship. Since retiring from racing in 2010, she serves as the general manager of the Xirayas de San Luis–OPW women's cycling team.

Frers was born in Buenos Aires in 1960 to Germán Frers and Delfina Serralunga Pes. She competed as a racing driver from 1994 until 2010. She competed in forty-three races, winning two  Since her retirement, she has been involved in sports, triathlon, cycling, managing the U C I Tour Femenino de San Luis, ladies international week of races  She also serves as the sports director for the Argentine Women's Tour and the general manager of Xirayas de San Luis–OPW.

She is married to Eduardo Blaquier and has three children. Her daughter, Delfina Blaquier, was a competitive high jump record champion athlete.
Staffordshire Way
The Staffordshire Way is a long-distance walk in Staffordshire, England. The path links with the Cheshire Gritstone Trail, the Heart of England Way and the North Worcestershire Path.

The Way was opened in three stages by Staffordshire County Council between 1977 and 1983 and was resurveyed and refurbished with the assistance of the Ramblers' Association to mark the Association's 60th anniversary in 1995.

Long-distance trail
A long-distance trail (or long-distance footpath, way, greenway) is a longer recreational trail mainly through rural areas used for hiking, backpacking, cycling, equestrianism or cross-country skiing. They exist on all continents except Antarctica.

Many trails are marked on maps. Typically, a long-distance route will be at least 50 km (30 mi) long, but many run for several hundred miles, or longer.

Many routes are waymarked and may cross public or private land and/or follow existing rights of way. Generally, the surface is not specially prepared, and the ground can be rough and uneven in areas, except in places such as converted rail tracks or popular walking routes where stone-pitching and slabs have been laid to prevent erosion. In some places, official trails will have the surface specially prepared to make the going easier.
Adaptive response
The adaptive  response to methylation damage (or the Ada response) is a bacterial DNA damage response pathway induced specifically upon exposure to DNA methylation damage. It is initiated independently of the SOS response. Bacteria such as Escherichia coli exposed to sub-lethal doses of methylation damage activate the Ada response pathway. This enables their survival to subsequent exposure to high doses of the same agent (which are otherwise lethal). The Ada response was first identified in E. coli; however, over the years diverse and widespread Ada response pathways have been identified across bacteria. The pathways typically vary in the domain organization of the regulatory protein that orchestrates the Ada response.

Methylation
Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group. Methylation is a form of alkylation, with a methyl group replacing a hydrogen atom.  These terms are commonly used in chemistry, biochemistry, soil science, and biology.

In biological systems, methylation is catalyzed by enzymes; such methylation can be involved in modification of heavy metals, regulation of gene expression, regulation of protein function, and RNA processing. In vitro methylation of tissue samples is also a way to reduce some histological staining artifacts. The reverse of methylation is demethylation.
Jason Fletcher
Jason Fletcher (born March 22, 1975) is an American sports agent. A graduate of the University of Louisiana-Lafayette, he received his Bachelor of Science degree in Biological Science. Fletcher played football and also participated in track and field during his time at school. Former New York Giants General Manager Jerry Reese was a College Scout in 1997, Fletcher was clocked at 4.36 and 4.41(40) during a private workout at Bourgeois Hall. Fletcher was an NFL undrafted free agent from 1998 to 2000, having opportunities with several NFL teams and eventually playing in the arena football league with the Los Angeles Avengers under Stan Brock.

Stan Brock (American football)
Stanley James Brock (born June 8, 1958) is an American former football player and coach. He played professionally as a tackle in the National Football League (NFL) for the New Orleans Saints and the San Diego Chargers.

Brock played college football for the Colorado Buffaloes and was selected in the first round of the 1980 NFL draft with the 18th overall pick. After his playing career, he served as the head football coach at United States Military Academy from 2007 to 2008. Brock was fired on December 12, 2008, after compiling a 6–18 record in two years as head coach.
Narayanaswamy Srinivasan
Narayanaswamy Srinivasan (born 1962) was an Indian molecular biophysicist and a professor and the head of Proteins: Structure, Function and Evolutionary Group (N. S. Group) at the Molecular Biophysics Unit  of the Indian Institute of Science. He is known for his researches in the fields of computational genomics and protein structure analysis. An elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences, India, he is a J. C. Bose National fellow of the Department of Biotechnology and a recipient of the National Bioscience Award for Career Development of the Department of Science and Technology. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 2007, for his contributions to biological sciences.

F1000 (publisher)
F1000 (formerly "Faculty of 1000") is an open research publisher for scientists, scholars, and clinical researchers. F1000 offers a different research evaluation service from standard academic journals by offering peer-review after, rather than before, publishing a research article. Initially, F1000 was named after the 1,000 faculty members who performed peer-reviews, but over time F1000 expanded to more than 8,000 members. When F1000 was acquired by Taylor & Francis Group in January 2020, it kept the publishing services. F1000Prime (AKA Faculty Opinions) and F1000 Workspace (AKA Sciwheel) were acquired by different brands.
Charles Boarman Harris
Dr. Charles Boarman Harris (November 6, 1857 – January 2, 1942) was an American physician and surgeon. The grandson of Rear Admiral Charles Boarman, he was among the original settlers in Pembina, the first settlement in the Dakota Territory. Harris was the first doctor to serve the general population in Pembina County, and to be medically licensed, serving as the county physician for nearly 60 years. At the time of his death in 1942, he was the longest serving physician and surgeon in the state of North Dakota.

Pembina County, North Dakota
Pembina County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,844, and was estimated to be 6,588 in 2024, The county seat and the largest city is Cavalier. Pembina County is home to the Pembina Hills as well as Icelandic State Park and Lake Renwick which is 6 miles west of the city Cavalier.
I Love the Mountains (Boom De Yada)
"I Love the Mountains", also known as "Boom De Yada"  is a popular English-language children's song, American folk song, Hawaiian folk song and campfire song that dates back to at least the 1950s. It is a common staple of Scouts culture and summer camps, being frequently covered by children's musicians.

Its origins are uncertain but it has been noted to share a similar doo-wop chord progression with "Heart And Soul" by Hoagy Carmichael and Frank Loesser, recorded in 1938.

Doo-wop
Doo-wop (also spelled doowop and doo wop) is a subgenre of rhythm and blues music that originated in African-American communities during the 1940s, mainly in the large cities of the United States, including New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Chicago, Baltimore, Newark, Detroit, Washington, D.C., and Los Angeles. It features vocal group harmony that carries an engaging melodic line to a simple beat with little or no instrumentation. Lyrics are simple, usually about love, sung by a lead vocal over background vocals, and often featuring, in the bridge, a melodramatically heartfelt recitative addressed to the beloved. Harmonic singing of nonsense syllables (such as "doo-wop") is a common characteristic of these songs. Gaining popularity in the 1950s, doo-wop was commercially viable until the early 1960s and continued to influence performers in other genres.
Thani bin Jassim Stadium
The Thani bin Jassim Stadium (Arabic: ملعب ثاني بن جاسم), also known as the Al-Gharafa Stadium, is a multi-purpose stadium in the Al Gharrafa district of Al Rayyan, Qatar.  It is currently used mostly for football matches. Al-Gharafa SC and Umm Salal SC play there. The stadium holds 21,175 people and was built in 2003. The stadium hosted matches of the 2011 AFC Asian Cup and other international competitions.

In November 2021, the Asian Football Confederation confirmed that Iraq's 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification matches against Syria and South Korea would be played there.

Syria national football team
The Syria national football team (Arabic: منتخب سُورِيَا لِكُرَّةُ الْقَدَم) represents Syria in international football, and is controlled by the Syrian Arab Federation for Football, the governing body for football in Syria. Syria has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup, but did reach the fourth qualification round in 2018. The team was banned by FIFA from playing at home since December 2010. Internationally, Syria won the 2012 WAFF Championship, 1957 Arab Games and the 1987 Mediterranean Games.
Sallarid dynasty
The Sallarid dynasty (Persian: سالاریان), (also known as the Musafirids or Langarids) was a Shia Muslim dynasty of Daylami origin, which ruled in Tarom, Samiran, Daylam, Gilan and subsequently Azerbaijan, Arran, and some districts in Eastern Armenia in the 2nd half of the 10th century. They constitute part of the period in history that has been named the Iranian Intermezzo, a period that saw the rise of native Iranian dynasties during the 9th to the 11th centuries.

Ardabil
Ardabil (Persian: اردبیل, pronunciationⓘ) is a city in northwestern Iran. It is in the Central District of Ardabil County, Ardabil province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district.

The city of Ardabil lies close to the borders of the Republic of Azerbaijan, 40 kilometers from the village of Diqo.

As of the 2022 census, Ardabil's population was 588,000. The population of Ardabil County is about 650,000 with the majority Shia Muslim.

For a brief period in the 10th century, Ardabil was the principal city of Azerbaijan, but it was eventually replaced by Tabriz.

Ardabil is known for its trade in silk and carpets. Ardabil rugs are renowned and the ancient Ardabil carpets are considered among the best of classical Persian carpets. Ardabil is also home to a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Sheikh Safi al-Din Khanegah and Shrine Ensemble, the sanctuary and tomb of Shaikh Safi ad-Din, and the tomb of Ismail I, founder of the Safavid Empire.
2013 President's Cup (tennis)
The 2013 President's Cup (tennis) was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 7th edition for men and the 5th edition for women of the tournament and was part of the 2013 ITF Women's Circuit and the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour, offering prize money of $125,000 for men and $100,000 for women. It took place in Astana, Kazakhstan, on 22–28 July 2013.

Mikhail Kukushkin
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Kukushkin (Russian: Михаил Александрович Кукушкин; born 26 December 1987) is a Russian-born Kazakhstani professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 39, achieved on 25 February 2019.
Hirotaka Urabe
Hirotaka Urabe (Japanese: 卜部弘嵩, Urabe Hirotaka; born May 13, 1989) is a retired Japanese kickboxer, who competed professionally with AJKF, Krush and K-1. He is the former K-1 Super Featherweight champion, as well as the inaugural and two-time Krush Super Featherweight champion.

Combat Press ranked him as a top ten super flyweight (-58 kg) kickboxer in the world between September 2020 and July 2021.

All Japan Kickboxing Federation
All Japan Kickboxing Federation (ja: 全日本キックボクシング連盟, A.J.K.F.) was the Japan-based sanctioning and promoting body of professional kickboxing. It was established in 1987 and it was dissolved in 2009. The informal name was "Zen Nihon Kikku. Masato who won K-1 World Max in 2003 debuted as a professional kickboxer at AJKF.
Leitha Mountains
The Leitha Mountains or, less frequently, Leitha Hills (German: Leithagebirge; Hungarian: Lajta-hegység), are a range of hills in Austria lying on the boundary between Lower Austria and Burgenland.

The range is an offshoot of the Alps and forms a connection to the Carpathians to the north.  It is a ridge about 35 km long and 5–7 km wide along the southeastern edge of the Vienna Basin from Brucker Pforte in the northeast to Wiener Neustädter Pforte (Ödenburger Pforte) in the southwest.  The range lies to the southeast of the Leitha River and is considered part of the Randgebirge östlich der Mur division of the Eastern Alps.  Its highest peak, Sonnenberg (Hungarian: Nap-hegy), is 484 m above sea level.

The ridge is heavily forested with deciduous trees such as oak, hornbeam, and beech predominating.

Lower Austria
Lower Austria (German: Niederösterreich pronounced [ˈniːdɐˌ(ʔ)øːstɐraɪç] ⓘ, Bavarian: Niedaöstareich, abbreviated LA or NÖ) is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the northeastern corner of the country. Major cities are Amstetten, Krems an der Donau, Wiener Neustadt and Sankt Pölten, which has been the capital of Lower Austria since 1986, replacing Vienna, which became a separate state in 1921. With a land area of 19,186 km2 (7,408 sq mi) and a population of 1.7 million people, Lower Austria is the largest and second-most-populous state in Austria (after Vienna).