hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Causes of the vote in favour of Brexit
The result in favour of Brexit of the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum is one of the most significant political events for Britain during the 21st century. The debate provoked major consideration to an array of topics, argued up-to, and beyond, the referendum on 23 June 2016. The referendum was originally conceived by David Cameron as a means to defeat the anti-EU faction within his own party by having it fail. Factors in the vote included sovereignty, immigration, the economy and anti-establishment politics, amongst various other influences. The result of the referendum was that 51.8% of the votes were in favour of leaving the European Union. The formal withdrawal from the EU took place at 23:00 on 31 January 2020, almost three years after Theresa May triggered Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty on 29 March 2017.

Michael Ashcroft
Michael Anthony Ashcroft, Baron Ashcroft, KCMG, PC (born 4 March 1946) is a British-Belizean businessman, pollster and politician. He is a former deputy chairman of the Conservative Party. Ashcroft founded Michael A. Ashcroft Associates in 1972 and was the 132nd richest person in the UK, as ranked by the Sunday Times Rich List 2021, with an estimated fortune of £1.257 billion.

He was created a life peer in 2000, and sat on the Conservative benches of the House of Lords until resigning in 2015. The Cabinet Office stated that he would take up permanent residence in the UK for tax purposes, but it was reported a decade later that he had not done so.

Ashcroft holds dual British and Belizean nationality, and is a belonger of the Turks and Caicos Islands.
Judge Joe Brown
Judge Joe Brown is an American arbitration-based reality court show starring former Shelby County, Tennessee criminal court judge  Joseph B. Brown. The series aired from September 14, 1998 to  May 22, 2013. Joe Brown was the second highest paid daytime television personality behind Judge Judy during the time the show was running.

During the entirety of its series run, Brown was the longest serving African American television arbitrator; this record is now held by Greg Mathis of Judge Mathis, which premiered the year after Brown's program in 1999 and ran for 24 seasons through 2023.

Criminal justice
Criminal justice is the delivery of justice when a crime is committed. The criminal justice system is a series of government agencies and institutions. Goals include retribution, reformation and rehabilitation of offenders, preventing other crimes, and support for victims. The primary institutions of the criminal justice system are the police, prosecution and defense lawyers, the courts and the prison system.
Robert Edmund Froude
Robert Edmund Froude CB FRS (/ˈfruːd/; 22 December 1846 – 19 March 1924) (frequently styled in publication as R. E. Froude) was an English engineer, hydrodynamicist and naval architect who described momentum theory, both used in the systematic evaluation of propeller design efficiency and as components of blade element momentum theory.

Naval architecture
Naval architecture, or naval engineering, is an engineering discipline incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software and safety engineering as applied to the engineering design process, shipbuilding, maintenance, and operation of marine vessels and structures. Naval architecture involves basic and applied research, design, development, design evaluation (classification) and calculations during all stages of the life of a marine vehicle. Preliminary design of the vessel, its detailed design, construction, trials, operation and maintenance, launching and dry-docking are the main activities involved. Ship design calculations are also required for ships being modified (by means of conversion, rebuilding, modernization, or repair). Naval architecture also involves formulation of safety regulations and damage-control rules and the approval and certification of ship designs to meet statutory and non-statutory requirements.
Attention theft
Attention theft is a theory in economic sociology and psychology which describes situations in which marketers serve advertisements to consumers who have not consented to view them and who are given nothing in return. Perpetrators seek to distract targets' attention through the use of advertising content, thereby achieving a form of manipulation.

Attention theft has been criticized as an example of unethical marketing. It is related to the concept of the attention economy, which posits that attention is a scarce resource and applies economic theory to it.

Consent
Consent occurs when one person voluntarily agrees to the proposal or desires of another. It is a term of common speech, with specific definitions used in such fields as the law, medicine, research, and sexual consent. Consent as understood in specific contexts may differ from its everyday meaning. For example, a person with a mental disorder, a low mental age, or under the legal age of sexual consent may willingly engage in a sexual act that still fails to meet the legal threshold for consent as defined by applicable law.

United Nations agencies and initiatives in sex education programs believe that teaching the topic of consent as part of a comprehensive sexuality education is beneficial. Types of consent include implied consent, express consent, informed consent and unanimous consent.
Football Network
The Football Network was a network that covered all aspects of American football, including the NFL, college football, high school, and various semi-pro and indoor leagues. The network was owned by TFN, The Football Network, Inc. a public traded corporation (OTCBB: TFBN).

TFN is one of the few nationwide TV networks in the United States that has ever been owned by an African-American.

Semi-professional sports
Semi-professional sports are sports in which athletes are not participating on a full-time basis, but still receive some payment. Semi-professionals are not amateur because they receive regular payment from their team, but generally at a considerably lower rate than a full-time professional athlete. As a result, semi-professional players frequently have (or seek) full-time employment elsewhere. A semi-pro player or team could also be one that represents a place of employment that only the employees are allowed to play on. In this case, it is considered semi-pro because their employer pays them, but for their regular job, not for playing on the company's team.

The semi-professional status is not universal throughout the world and depends on each country's labour code and each sports organization's specific regulations.
Bech (surname)
Bech is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bodil Bech (1889–1942), Danish poet

Gitte Lillelund Bech (born 1969), Danish politician

Henry Bech, a fictional character in the writings of John Updike

Jack Bech (born 2002), American football player

Jerome Bech (born 1970), Danish painter

Jesper Bech (born 1982), Danish football (soccer) player

Joseph Bech (1887–1975), Luxembourgish politician

Lili Bech (1883–1939), Danish actress

Poul Anker Bech (1942–2009), Danish painter

Tobias Bech (born 2002), Danish footballer

Troels Bech (born 1966), Danish football player and manager

Uffe Bech (born 1993), Danish footballer

Zoe Bech (1910–2006), American actress

Henry Bech
Henry Bech is a fictional character created by American author John Updike. Bech first appeared in the short story "The Bulgarian Poetess", published in the March 13, 1965 issue of The New Yorker. This and other Bech stories were later compiled in the books Bech: A Book (1970), Bech Is Back (1982), and Bech at Bay (1998). These books were all later collected in The Complete Henry Bech (2001), which also included the short story "His Oeuvre" (2000).

Updike's Bech is considered an antihero, and Updike's alter-ego. While Updike generally concerns himself with WASP culture, is married, and is prolific, Bech is apathetically Jewish, a bachelor (later a husband and stepfather for a time, and finally a father in old age), and unprolific. In the introduction to his first collection, the eponymous author speculates he is modeled in part after many other famous writers, including Norman Mailer, Bernard Malamud, J.D. Salinger and Updike himself.
Cessnock High School
Cessnock High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in Aberdare, in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales, Australia.

The school provides the NSW Higher School Certificate (HSC) in Year 12.

The school enrolled approximately 627 students in 2024, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom 24 percent identified as Indigenous Australians and two percent were from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education; the relieving principal is Belinda Cooper.

The school is part of the Cessnock Community of Great Public Schools, a local management group consisting of 15 schools designed to improve learning, engagement and wellbeing in the region.

Higher School Certificate (New South Wales)
The Higher School Certificate (HSC) is the credential awarded to secondary school students who successfully complete senior high school level studies (Years 10, 11 and 12 or equivalent) in New South Wales and some ACT schools in Australia, as well as some international schools in Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, China, and Papua New Guinea. It was first introduced in 1967, and is currently developed and managed by the NSW Education Standards Authority (NESA).
Caucasian dhol
A Caucasian dhol (Armenian: դհոլ, Azerbaijani: nağara, Chechen: вота пондар, romanized: vota pondar, Georgian: დოლი, romanized: doli, Russian: доули, romanized: douli) is a cylindrical drum used in the Caucasus. This drum has traditionally been used by various Caucasian warriors in battles, and today is used in national folk music.

Chechen language
Chechen (Нохчийн, Noxçiyn, [ˈnɔxt͡ʃĩː]) is a Northeast Caucasian language, spoken primarily by the Chechen people, native to the Russian republic of Chechnya, as well as its neighbouring republics. With approximately 1.8 million speakers, it is also spoken by members of the Chechen diaspora throughout Russia and the rest of the world.
Corrosion in ballast tanks
Corrosion in Ballast Tanks is the deterioration process where the surface of a ballast tank progresses from microblistering, to loss of tank coating, and finally to cracking of the tank steel itself.

“Effective corrosion control in segregated water ballast spaces is probably the single most important feature, next to the integrity of the initial design, in determining the ship’s effective life span and structural reliability,” said Alan Gavin, Germanischer Lloyd's Principal surveyor.

Throughout the years the merchant fleet has become increasingly aware of the importance of avoiding corrosion in ballast tanks.

Ballast tank
A ballast tank is a compartment within a boat, ship or other floating structure that holds water, which is used as ballast to provide hydrostatic stability for a vessel, to reduce or control buoyancy, as in a submarine, to correct trim or list, to provide a more even load distribution along the hull to reduce structural hogging or sagging stresses, or to increase draft, as in a semi-submersible vessel or platform, or a SWATH, to improve seakeeping. Using water in a tank provides easier weight adjustment than the stone or iron ballast used in older vessels, and makes it easy for the crew to reduce a vessel's draft when it enters shallower water, by temporarily pumping out ballast. Airships use ballast tanks mainly to control buoyancy and correct trim.
Alex (restaurant)
Alex was a French restaurant located in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, that held two Michelin stars. It is the namesake restaurant of celebrity chef Alessandro Stratta, Iron Chef USA, and winner of the James Beard Foundation Award for "Best Chef Southwest" in 1998. The restaurant was well known for Stratta's unique approach and attention to molecular gastronomy. The restaurant was considered one of the finest in the United States. It closed indefinitely on January 15, 2011.
The food was French with an Italian influence and was offered via a prix fixe menu only.

James Beard Foundation Award
The James Beard Foundation Awards are annual awards presented by the James Beard Foundation to recognize chefs, restaurateurs, authors and journalists in the United States. The James Beard Foundation Awards have been likened to the Academy Awards of the food world due to its prestige and recognition.

The awards are voted on by more than 600 culinary professionals, including previous award winners. Recipients receive a medallion etched with the image of James Beard and a certificate from the foundation.
Gorkoye-Peresheyechnoye
Gorkoye-Peresheyechnoye (Russian: Горькое-Перешеечное) is a salt lake in Yegoryevsky District, Altai Krai, Russian Federation.

The lake is located in the southwestern part of the Krai. The nearest town is Novoyegoryevskoye, close to the southern shore. Gorkoye-Peresheyechnoye is a tourist attraction, equipped with resorts near the lake. There are pine forests close to the lakeshore.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Valentine (river)
The Valentine (in its upper course: Ruisseau de Drouly and Ruisseau de Marsaguet) is a stream in the Haute-Vienne department, France. It is a tributary of the Boucheuse, and part of the Dordogne basin. It is 12.3 km (7.6 mi) long.

The river begins in the commune of La Roche-l'Abeille and joins the Boucheuse at its right bank 3 km south of Coussac-Bonneval.

Coussac-Bonneval
Coussac-Bonneval (French pronunciation: [kusak bɔnval]; Occitan: Coçac) is a commune in the Haute-Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. Coussac-Bonneval station has rail connections to Brive-la-Gaillarde and Limoges.

Inhabitants are known as Coussacois.
1 Vicarage Road
1 Vicarage Road is a Grade II listed building in the English market town of Poulton-le-Fylde, Lancashire. Built in 1839, it stands at the corner of Vicarage Road and Chapel Street. It directly across the latter from the Thatched House public house. Now an estate agent, the building was originally Poulton Savings Bank. It was the town's library in the 1880s.

It is symmetrical, constructed of brick with stone dressings and a concrete tile roof. The front entrance is a stone doorway with a depressed-arch head and a radiating fanlight. The building is of two storeys. At the front there are two sash windows on the ground floor and three on the first, each with a stone windowsill and hood mould. There are a further two windows on each end. The western gable end has a stone plaque which is inscribed with "Poulton Savings Bank AD 1839".

Western gable end

Door detail

Fanlight
A fanlight is a form of lunette window (transom window), often semicircular or semi-elliptical in shape, with glazing bars or tracery sets radiating out like an open fan. It is placed over another window or a doorway, and is sometimes hinged to a transom. The bars in the fixed glazed window spread out in the manner of a sunburst. It is also called a sunburst light. In federation housing it is also called a toplight or top light.
Peripatopsis janni
Peripatopsis janni is a species of velvet worm in the family Peripatopsidae. This species is a clade in the P. moseleyi species complex. The original description of this species is based on male specimens ranging from 15 mm to 30 mm in length. Live animals are dark green on the dorsal surface but greyish white on the ventral surface. The number of legs in males of this species varies from 21 pregenital pairs (plus one genital pair) to 22 pregenital pairs (plus one genital pair). Also known as the Amathole velvet worm, this species is found in the Amathole mountains in South Africa.

Peripatopsidae
Peripatopsidae or the Southern Velvet Worms are one of two extant families of velvet worm. This family includes more than 140 described species distributed among 41 genera, but some authorities deem only 131 of these species to be valid. The French zoologist Eugène Louis Bouvier proposed this family in 1905 with Peripatopsis as the type genus.
Jumong (TV series)
Jumong (Korean: 삼한지: 주몽 편) is a South Korean epic series that aired on MBC from 2006 to 2007 as the network's 45th anniversary special. Originally scheduled for 60 episodes, MBC extended it to 81 because of its popularity.

The series examines the life of King Dongmyeong, founder of the kingdom of Goguryeo.

Epic film
Epic films have large scale, sweeping scope, and spectacle. The term is slightly ambiguous, sometimes designating a film genre and at other times simply big-budget films. Like epics in the classical literary sense, it is often focused on a heroic character. An epic's ambitious nature helps to set it apart from other genres such as the period piece or adventure film.

Epic historical films would usually take a historical or a mythical event and add an extravagant setting, lavish costumes, an expansive musical score, and an ensemble cast, which would make them extremely expensive to produce. The most common subjects of epic films are royalty and important figures from various periods in world history.
Precambrian (album)
Precambrian is the third studio album by German post-metal band the Ocean, released on 5 November 2007 through Metal Blade Records. It features several guest musicians, including Caleb Scofield (Cave In, Zozobra, Old Man Gloom), Nate Newton (Converge, Doomriders), Dwid Hellion (Integrity), Tomas Hallbom (Breach), Erik Kalsbeek (Textures) and musicians from the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra.

Doomriders
Doomriders is an American stoner/sludge metal band from Boston, Massachusetts. The band has released three albums on Deathwish, Inc. The band's vocalist/guitarist Nate Newton also plays bass in Converge and guitar in Old Man Gloom. Jebb Riley formerly played bass in There Were Wires. Doomriders have toured with Coliseum and Saviours. The band began work on their third studio album in 2011 with an expected release date in 2013 through Deathwish. Doomriders released Grand Blood on October 15, 2013.

In October 2014, Chris Pupecki and former Doomriders drummer Chris Bevilacqua released a self-titled EP through Magic Bullet Records under the name Wormwood.
2008–09 Copa Federación de España
The 2008–09 Copa Federación de España was the 16th staging of the Copa Federación de España, a knockout competition for Spanish football clubs in Segunda División B and Tercera División.

The competition began on 2 August 2008 and ended with the finals on 2 April and 15 April 2009, where Real Jaén became champion after defeating Rayo Vallecano B 4-1 on aggregate.

Rayo Vallecano B
Rayo Vallecano de Madrid B is the reserve team of Rayo Vallecano, a Spanish football club based in the Madrid neighbourhood of Vallecas. Founded in 1973 and plays in Segunda Federación – Group 5, holding home matches at Ciudad Deportiva Rayo Vallecano, with a 2,500-seat capacity.
StayBent Krunk-a-Delic
Hernst Bellevue Jr. (born March 12, 1974; better known by his stage name Krunk-a-Delic) is an American songwriter, hip hop, R&B, pop music and record producer. Krunk-a-Delic has written and produced gold and platinum records such as Jamie Foxx's "I Don't Know," Ludacris feat. Dtp's "Dtp For Life," (from Disturbing tha Peace) and Ms. Dynamite's "Afraid to Fly" (from A Little Deeper).  He is a key collaborator on the production of  Sean Paul's multi-platinum Billboard Hot 100 #1 hit "Temperature." He is also a contributor to Nelly Furtado's Latin Grammy winning and platinum album "Mi Plan." Krunk-a-Delic has written and produced records for Nelly Furtado, N-Dubz, Nina Sky, Lil' Flip, Lauren Spencer-Smith, Matisyahu, Shawnna, Jimmy Cozier, Alison Hinds, Jazmine Sullivan, I 20, Chris Webby, City Girls, Lunchmoney Lewis, as well songs recorded by Nas, Mary J. Blige, Jennifer Hudson, Ciara, Rick Ross, and more. In the past, he was known to frequently collaborate with producer Salaam Remi.

Disturbing tha Peace (album)
Disturbing tha Peace is the second compilation album released by record label Disturbing tha Peace. Artists who appear on the album include Ludacris, Bobby V, I-20 and Shawnna. This album has been certified Gold by the RIAA.

The first single from the album was "Georgia" by Ludacris and Field Mob featuring Jamie Foxx. The original edition featured lyrics from Ray Charles's "Georgia On My Mind", but a disagreement with his recording company led to a re-recording of the song. The second single was Shawnna's only song on the album, "Gettin' Some".
William d'Ecouis
William d'Ecouis (sometimes referred to as William de Schoies) was an early Anglo-Norman baron, who is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 as a substantial holder of land and manors.

William d'Ecouis founded Middleton castle, a motte-and-bailey fortress thought to be constructed from timber, the remains of which is a scheduled monument listed as Middleton Mound. The motte, surrounded by a ditch, is at the west side of Station Road in Middleton, Norfolk, a village 3 miles (5 km) south-east from King's Lynn, on the A47 road.

A47 road
The A47 is a major trunk road in England linking Birmingham to Lowestoft, Suffolk, maintained and operated by National Highways. Most of the section between Birmingham and Nuneaton is now classified as the B4114. From Peterborough eastwards, it is a trunk road. (Sections west of the A1 road have been downgraded as alternative roads have been built.)
Operation Python (1943–1944)
Operation Python was carried out by the Allied commando unit Z Special Unit, during World War II. The objective of the mission was to set up a wireless station near Labian Point in North Borneo and undertake covert operations reporting on the sea lane of the Imperial Japanese Navy in the Sibutu Passage and the Balabac Strait of the Sulu Sea. The operation was split into Python I and Python II.

Their first task was to plant three of their fellow operators with their radio transmitter at a safe distance, so that coded intelligence could be sent back to Australia. In their information forays and reconnaissance, they traveled many hundreds of miles at great risk using Hoehn military folboats along the coast and accessible inland waters.

Sibutu Passage
Sibutu Passage is a deep channel some 18 miles (16 nmi; 29 km) wide that separates Borneo from the Sulu Archipelago. It has a deep sill allowing entry of deep water into the Sulu basin while connecting the Sulu Sea with the Sulawesi Sea that feeds from the Pacific Ocean by the Mindanao Current.

Although H. Otley Beyer argued in favor of a settlement of the Philippines across land bridges during the last ice age, modern bathymetric soundings have shown that the centers of the Sibutu Passage and the Mindoro Strait are both deep enough that they probably still existed at that time, although the Sulu and other Philippine Islands beyond were one connected island. If verified, therefore, the Callao Man would have needed to have crossed the open sea to reach the islands.