hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mercedes-Benz OM648 engine
The Mercedes-Benz OM648 engine is a 3.2 Litre, straight-6 4 valves per cylinder, cast iron block diesel engine manufactured by the Mercedes-Benz division of Daimler AG as a replacement for the previous Mercedes-Benz inline-5 and -6 engines.

The engine features common rail fuel injection and a variable nozzle turbocharger. The injection system operates at 1,600 bar (23,000 psi).

Power output is 204 PS (150 kW; 201 hp) at 4200 rpm and 500 N⋅m (369 lb⋅ft) of torque from 1,800 to 2,600 rpm.

Mercedes claims this engine will propel the E320 CDI to 60 mph (97 km/h) in 6.6 seconds. All while managing 27 mpg‑US (8.7 L/100 km; 32 mpg‑imp)+ city and 37 mpg‑US (6.4 L/100 km; 44 mpg‑imp)+ Highway

Oil specification MB 229.31 or MB 228.31 is recommended  and has a service interval of 13,000 miles (21,000 km) using the specified oil.

OM648 is the successor to the OM613.

Engine block
In an internal combustion engine, the engine block is the structure that contains the cylinders and other components. The engine block in an early automotive engine consisted of just the cylinder block, to which a separate crankcase was attached. Modern engine blocks typically have the crankcase integrated with the cylinder block as a single component. Engine blocks often also include elements such as coolant passages and oil galleries.

The term "cylinder block" is often used interchangeably with "engine block". However, technically, the block of a modern engine (i.e., multiple cylinders integrated with another component) would be classified as a monobloc.
Juhan Mihkel Ainson
Juhan Mihkel Ainson (1 July 1873 – 1962), also known as Johan Mihkel Ainson, was an Estonian politician.

Born in the village of Holstre on 1 July 1873, Ainson was a doctor and practised as a veterinary scientist. He was a member of the Provincial Assembly which governed the Autonomous Governorate of Estonia between 1917 and 1919. After the Estonian War of Independence allowed Estonia to set up its own constitution, he sat on the Constituent Assembly which drafted it. He was a member from the start of the session on 23 April 1919 until he stepped down on 18 December 1919; Juhan Ostrat replaced him. Ainson sat in the Constituent Assembly as a member of the Estonian People's Party.

Ainson died in 1962 in West Germany.

Holstre
Holstre is a village in Viljandi Parish, Viljandi County, Estonia. It has a population of about 220. It was a part of Paistu Parish until 2013.

Holstre is the birthplace of Estonian composer Juhan Aavik (1884-1982).
Carol Platt Liebau
Carol Platt Liebau is president of the Yankee Institute for Public Policy. She is also an attorney, political analyst, and conservative commentator. Her book Prude: How the Sex-Obsessed Culture Damages Girls (and America, Too!) was published in 2007.

Yankee Institute for Public Policy
The Yankee Institute for Public Policy is a conservative American think tank based in Hartford, Connecticut, that researches Connecticut public policy questions. Organized as a 501(c)(3), the group's stated mission is to "develop and advocate for free market, limited government public policy solutions in Connecticut." Yankee was founded in 1984 by Bernard Zimmern, a French entrepreneur who was living in Norwalk, Connecticut, and professor Gerald Gunderson of Trinity College. The organization is a member of the State Policy Network.

In April 2022, the Yankee Institute launched Connecticut Inside Investigator, a non-profit investigative journalism outlet.
Konstanty Kazimierz Brzostowski
Konstanty Kazimierz Brzostowski (1644–1722) was a noble of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, count of the Holy See, and papal prelate. He was Grand Secretary of Lithuania from 1671, and shortly thereafter was Grand Writer of Lithuania. He was bishop of Smoleńsk from 1685 to 1687 and bishop of Vilnius from 1687.

Konstanty studied at the Vilnius ecclesiastical seminary and in Rome (1657–1659).: 233   He became a member of the Vilnius Chapter in 1669.: 233

In 1689, Konstanty was one of the judges who sentenced Kazimierz Łyszczyński to death for atheism. Brzostowski was a political opponent of the Sapieha family and excommunicated the Grand Hetman of Lithuania Kazimierz Jan Sapieha in 1694 and again in 1709.: 233   He unsuccessfully tried to make Peter I of Russia adopt more tolerant policies towards the followers of Union of Brest.

Konstanty Brzostowski was known as "the quarrelsome bishop".: 233

Offices in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
This article discusses the organizational and administrative structure of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was a confederative mixed monarchy of the period 1569–1795, comprising the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and their fiefs. The Commonwealth was governed by the Parliament (Sejm) consisting of the King, the King-appointed Senate (Voivodes, Castellans, Ministers, Bishops) and the rest of hereditary nobility either in person or through the Sejm proper (consisting of deputies representing their lands). The nobility's constitutional domination of the state made the King very weak and the commoners (burgesses and peasants) almost entirely unrepresented in the Commonwealth's political system.
Savudrija
Savudrija (Italian: Salvore) is a coastal settlement in northwestern Istria, Croatia. It has developed from a fishing village into a pleasant holiday centre. Savudrija is also the name of the surrounding area in the peninsula.

The 19th century Savudrija Lighthouse is a distinctive local landmark; it is the oldest in Croatia, and the oldest operational light of the Adriatic. The 29-metre-high (95 ft) lighthouse is also the most northerly in Croatia. Three kinds of wind meet here, so the area is popular with windsurfers.

Windsurfing
Windsurfing is a wind-propelled water sport that is a combination of sailing and surfing. It is also referred to as "sailboarding" and "boardsailing", and emerged in the late 1960s from the Californian aerospace and surf culture. Windsurfing gained a popular following across Europe and North America by the late 1970s and had achieved significant global popularity by the 1980s. Windsurfing became an Olympic sport in 1984.
Joanna Skowroń
Joanna Skowroń (born 16 April 1979 in Gorzów Wielkopolski) is a Polish sprint canoeist who competed from the late 1990s to the mid-2000s. She won eleven medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-4 1000 m: 2002), five silvers (K-2 200 m: 2002, K-4 200 m: 2005, K-4 500 m: 2003, 2005, K-4 1000 m: 2001) and five bronzes (K-2 500 m: 2003, K-2 1000 m: 2005, K-4 200 m: 2001, 2003; K-4 500 m: 1999).

Skowroń also competed in two Summer Olympics, earning her best finish of fourth twice in the K-4 500 m event (2000, 2004).

2003 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 2003 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held September 10–14, 2003 in Gainesville, Georgia, United States at Lake Lanier. Located north of Atlanta, this was also where the canoe sprint and rowing events for the 1996 Summer Olympics took place.

The men's competition consisted of nine Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Women competed in nine events, all in kayak.

This was the 33rd championships in canoe sprint.
San Remo Grand Prix
The Gran Premio Automobilistico di San Remo, commonly known as the San Remo Grand Prix, was a Grand Prix / Formula One and  motorcycle race held in the north-western coastal town of San Remo (Italy) from 1937 to 1972. The first Grand Prix was held in 1937 on a street circuit in the town of San Remo, known as the San Remo Circuit (Circuito di San Remo, official name: Circuito Stracittadino di San Remo) and from 1947 to 1972 on the Ospedaletti street circuit.

Grand Prix motor racing
Grand Prix motor racing, a form of motorsport competition, has its roots in organised automobile racing that began in France as early as 1894. It quickly evolved from simple road races from one town to the next, to endurance tests for car and driver. Innovation and the drive of competition soon saw speeds exceeding 100 miles per hour (160 km/h), but because early races took place on open roads, accidents occurred frequently, resulting in deaths both of drivers and of spectators. A common abbreviation used for Grand Prix racing is "GP" or "GP racing".

The Association Internationale des Automobile Clubs Reconnus, founded in Paris, on 20 June 1904, reorganised as Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), in 1947, headquartered in Paris. Each event of the Formula One World Championships is still called a Grand Prix; Formula One is also referred to as "Grand Prix racing". Some IndyCar championship races are also called "Grands Prix".
Cape Roxo
Cape Roxo (Portuguese: Cabo Roxo, French: Cap Roxo) is a headland in West Africa, marking the westernmost frontier of Guinea-Bissau with Senegal. On the lower side is the São Domingos district of the Cacheu Region of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau; above it is the Oussouye Department of the Ziguinchor Region of the Republic of Senegal.

Cape Roxo marks a significant angle shift in the outline of the African coast, with the coast running north–south above it, and turning southeast below it.

It was originally called Capo Rosso by Venetian explorer Alvise Cadamosto in 1456 on account of its reddish appearance (rosso = red in Italian). Although it is sometimes found translated as Cabo Vermelho in some old Portuguese maps, Cadamosto's Italian term was largely adopted as Cabo Roxo by most Portuguese cartographers (in Portuguese, roxo means 'purple', so it did not sound foreign.)

It should not be confused with Cape Rouge (or "Red Cape") further north, on the Petite Côte of Senegal.

Headland
A headland, also known as a head, is a coastal landform, a point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends into a body of water. It is a type of promontory. A headland of considerable size often is called a cape. Headlands are characterised by high, breaking waves, rocky shores, intense erosion, and steep sea cliff.

Headlands and bays are often found on the same coastline. A bay is flanked by land on three sides, whereas a headland is flanked by water on three sides. Headlands and bays form on discordant coastlines, where bands of rock of alternating resistance run perpendicular to the coast. Bays form when weak (less resistant) rocks (such as sands and clays) are eroded, leaving bands of stronger (more resistant) rocks (such as chalk, limestone, and granite) forming a headland, or peninsula. Through the deposition of sediment within the bay and the erosion of the headlands, coastlines eventually straighten out, then start the same process all over again.
Linda Joy Sullivan
Linda Joy Sullivan is an American politician who as of August 2023 was the mayor of Newport, Vermont. She was elected on August 1, 2023 in a special election after the resignation of the previous mayor, Beth Barnes.

Previously she served in the Vermont House of Representatives from 2017 to 2022. She ran for the office of Auditor General in 2020, but lost in the Democratic primary to incumbent Doug Hoffer.

Vermont House of Representatives
The Vermont House of Representatives is the lower house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of Vermont. The House comprises 150 members, with each member representing around 4,100 citizens. Representatives are elected to two-year terms without term limits.

Vermont had a unicameral legislature until 1836. It added a senate by constitutional amendment. The House meets in Representatives Hall at the Vermont State House in Montpelier. It is the only U.S. state legislature whose debating chamber seating layout comes closer to that of the Westminster-style parliament found elsewhere, being similar to debating chambers in Australian state parliaments.
1874 Massachusetts legislature
The 95th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1874 during the governorships of William B. Washburn and Thomas Talbot. George B. Loring served as president of the Senate and John E. Sanford served as speaker of the House.

President of the Massachusetts Senate
The president of the Massachusetts Senate is the presiding officer.  Unlike the United States Congress, in which the vice president of the United States is the ex officio president of the United States Senate, in Massachusetts, the president of the Senate is elected from and by the senators. The president, therefore, typically comes from the majority party, and the president is then the de facto leader of that party.

The current president of the Massachusetts Senate, since July 26, 2018, is Karen Spilka, a Democrat from Ashland. Democrats have had a majority in the Senate since 1959. Notable former presidents of the Massachusetts Senate include U.S. president Calvin Coolidge.
Koszuty, Gmina Środa Wielkopolska
Koszuty [kɔˈʂutɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Środa Wielkopolska, within Środa County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.

The landmark of Koszuty is the historic manor and park complex, listed as a Historic Monument of Poland. The manor houses a regional museum.

Środa County, Greater Poland Voivodeship
Środa County (Polish: powiat średzki [ˈpɔvjat ˈɕrɛt͡skʲi]) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Środa Wielkopolska, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

The county covers an area of 623.18 square kilometres (240.6 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 54,568, out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska is 21,635 and the rural population is 32,933.
Len Ircandia
Len Ircandia (born July 28, 1954) is a former professional ice hockey defenceman.

Ircandia played five seasons of professional hockey (1974–79), appearing in 282 games in the International Hockey League with the Des Moines Capitols and the  Kalamazoo Wings. He also played 34 games in the Central Hockey League with the Seattle Totems, Tulsa Oilers, and Kansas City Red Wings.

Kansas City Red Wings
The Kansas City Red Wings were a professional hockey team that operated in the Central Hockey League for two seasons, 1977–78 and 1978-79. They were the top farm team of the NHL's Detroit Red Wings. They played in what was then called Kemper Arena in Kansas City, Missouri.
M. S. K. Rajendran
M. S. K. Rajendran is an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate from Ramanathapuram constituency in 1989 election.

1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The ninth legislative assembly election of Tamil Nadu was held on 21 January 1989. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) won the election and its leader M. Karunanidhi became the Chief Minister. It was his third term in office. The DMK was in power only for a short term, as it was dismissed on 31 January 1991 by the Indian Prime minister Chandra Shekhar using Article 356 of the Indian Constitution.
ANY (magazine)
ANY (an acronym for "Architecture New York") was an architectural journal published by the ANYone Corporation for over seven years. The first issue was published in May 1993, and the last in September 2000. A total of 27 issues were published.

Contributors to ANY included Zaha Hadid, Bernard Tschumi, Elizabeth Diller, Rem Koolhaas, Sanford Kwinter, R.E. Somol, Peter Eisenman, and Greg Lynn. Issues one to eight were designed by long-time Eisenman collaborator, Massimo Vignelli. Beginning with number eight, the magazine was designed by graphic design firm, 2x4 (Georgianna Stout and Michael Rock).

ANY was succeeded by Log, also published by the ANYone Corporation.

Robert Somol
Robert E. Somol Jr. is an architectural theorist and was director of the School of Architecture at the University of Illinois at Chicago from 2007 to 2022. His writing has been centrally-linked to "post-critical" architectural theory at the turn of the 21st century; the concept is similar to that of postcritique found in literary criticism.
Lee Wilson (footballer, born 1972)
Lee Wilson (born 23 May 1972 in Mansfield, England) is a former professional footballer and former first team manager of various non-league clubs including Shepshed Dynamo. He once scored for the mighty Stags against local rivals, Chesterfield.

On 17 August 2014, Lee Wilson made history by becoming the first player to play for Mansfield Town and Mansfield Cricket Club. He now works as a senior scout for Hull City A.F.C. after holding positions in same role at Swansea, WBA and Norwich.

Shepshed Dynamo F.C.
Shepshed Dynamo Football Club is an English football club based in the small town of Shepshed in the north west of Leicestershire, England. Founded as  Shepshed Albion towards the end of the 19th century, the team played for the majority of their early history in the Leicestershire Senior League before a series of league wins and promotions the late 1970s and early 1980s, when they were known as  Shepshed Charterhouse, took them within two promotions of The Football League. The club encountered financial difficulties in 1994 and reformed under the new name in recognition of the help provided by local side Loughborough Dynamo.  They currently play in the Northern Premier League Division One Midlands.
Principles of Optics
Principles of Optics, colloquially known as Born and Wolf, is an optics textbook written by Max Born and Emil Wolf that was initially published in 1959 by Pergamon Press. After going through six editions with Pergamon Press, the book was transferred to Cambridge University Press who issued an expanded seventh edition in 1999. A 60th anniversary edition was published in 2019 with a foreword by Sir Peter Knight. It is considered a classic science book and one of the most influential optics books of the twentieth century.

Eugene Hecht
Eugene Hecht (born 2 December 1938 in New York City) is an American physicist and author of a standard textbook in optics.

Hecht studied at New York University (B.S. in E.P. 1960), Rutgers University (M. Sc. 1963), Adelphi University (Ph.D. 1967). During his graduate study he worked at Radio Corporation of America. His pedagogical work began in 1970 with a publication on a mathematical description of polarization. Adelphi University hired Hecht to teach and he became professor in 1978, from where he retired in 2021.

Hecht challenged the notion of potential energy in 2003. The elusive nature of a universal definition of energy was argued by Hecht in a letter to the editor of The Physics Teacher in 2004. In 2006 he wrote "there is no really good definition of mass." He has continued writing on the topic, with publications in 2011 and 2016.

Eugene Hecht has also written on American ceramic artist George E. Ohr and is a founding member of the American Ceramic Arts Society.
The Meanest Gal in Town
The Meanest Gal in Town is a 1934 American Pre-Code romantic comedy, directed by Russell Mack from a screenplay written by Richard Schayer, Russell Mack, and H. W. Hanemann, and starring Zasu Pitts, El Brendel, Pert Kelton, and James Gleason.

Richard Schayer
Richard Schayer (December 13, 1880 – March 13, 1956) was an American screenwriter. He wrote for more than 100 films between 1916 and 1956. He was born in Washington, D.C., son of Col. George Frederick Schayer and writer Julia Schayer, and died in Hollywood, California. He was one of seven studio executives who worked at Universal Pictures during the golden age of Laemmle management.

He co-wrote the original story upon which the Universal Pictures horror classic The Mummy starring Boris Karloff was based on.
Legio II Augusta
Legio II Augusta (lit. Second Legion "Augustus'") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army that was founded during the late Roman Republic. Its emblems were the Capricornus, Pegasus, and Mars. It may have taken the name "Augusta" from a victory or reorganization that occurred during the reign of Augustus.

Capricornus
Capricornus is one of the constellations of the zodiac. Its name is Latin for "horned goat" or "goat horn" or "having horns like a goat's", and it is commonly represented in the form of a sea goat: a mythical creature that is half goat, half fish.

Capricornus is one of the 88 modern constellations, and was also one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Claudius Ptolemy. Its traditional astrological symbol is  (♑︎). Under its modern boundaries it is bordered by Aquila, Sagittarius, Microscopium, Piscis Austrinus, and Aquarius. The constellation is located in an area of sky called the Sea or the Water, consisting of many water-related constellations such as Aquarius, Pisces and Eridanus. It is the smallest constellation in the zodiac.
José Dias Ferreira
José Dias Ferreira GCTE (30 November 1837 in Arganil, Pombeiro da Beira – 8 September 1909 in Vidago) was a Portuguese lawyer, politician and jurist, son of António Ferreira Dias (São Martinho, Urgueira, c. 1815 – Aldeia Nova, 27 August 1880) and wife Bernarda Pereira de Vasconcelos (c. 1810 – ?).

He served as a Minister, 18th (4 January 1868), 27th (26 May 1870) and 48th (27 May 1892) Minister for Treasury Affairs and Prime Minister of Portugal from 1892 to 1893 and was the country's most influential civil law scholar during the late 19th century. He was also the 250th Grand Cross of the Order of the Tower and Sword.

Vidago
Vidago is a village and a former-civil parish in the municipality of Chaves, in the Portuguese district of Vila Real. Until its merger into the parish of Vidago, Arcossó, Selhariz e Vilarinho das Paranheiras, the civil parish administered an area of 6.40 square kilometres (2.47 sq mi) and included a population of 1186 inhabitants.
South Sinai Governorate
South Sinai (Arabic: محافظة جنوب سيناء Muḥāfaẓah Ganūb Sīnāʾ) is the least populated governorate of Egypt. It is located in the east of the country, encompassing the southern half of the Sinai Peninsula. Saint Catherine's Monastery, an Eastern Orthodox monastery and renowned UNESCO World Heritage Site, is located in the central part of the governorate.

Mount Sinai
Mount Sinai, also known as Jabal Musa (Arabic: جَبَل مُوسَى, lit. 'Mountain of Moses'), is a mountain on the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt. It is one of several locations claimed to be the biblical Mount Sinai, the place where, according to the sacred scriptures of the three major Abrahamic religions (Torah, Bible, and Quran), the Hebrew prophet Moses received the Ten Commandments from God.

It is a 2,285-meter (7,497 ft) mountain near the city of Saint Catherine in the region known today as the Sinai Peninsula. It is surrounded on all sides by higher peaks in the mountain range of which it is a part. For example, it lies next to Mount Catherine which, at 2,629 m or 8,625 ft, is the highest peak in Egypt.
Council of Flanders
The Council of Flanders (Dutch: Raad van Vlaanderen, French: Conseil de Flandres), primarily sitting in the Gravensteen in Ghent from 1407, was a court of law operating under the authority of the Count of Flanders and exercising jurisdiction throughout the County of Flanders.

Court
A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties  and administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law.

Courts generally consist of judges or other judicial officers, and are usually established and dissolved through legislation enacted by a legislature. Courts may also be established by constitution or an equivalent constituting instrument.

The practical authority given to the court is known as its jurisdiction, which describes the court's power to decide certain kinds of questions, or petitions put to it. There are various kinds of courts, including trial courts, appellate courts, administrative courts, international courts, and tribunals.