hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
E. Y. Fair
Elisha Young Fair (July 2, 1809 – December 23, 1886) was a lawyer and minister to Belgium under president James Buchanan from his appointment on June 14, 1858 through May 8, 1861. Fair lived in Montgomery, Alabama where he also worked as a lawyer. He was a delegate at Alabama's 1865 Constitutional Convention. While he was serving in Belgium, Henry Hotze served in Brussels.

Fair was the son of William Fair (1770-1851) and Elizabeth (Young) Fair (1774-1854). He was part of South Carolina College's class of 1834. He married Martha Ann Cornelia Wyatt April 21, 1849. Fair's grandson, James Quinton Smith, served as Attorney General of Alabama.

Henry Hotze
Henry Hotze (September 2, 1833 – April 19, 1887) was a Swiss American advocate for the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War.  He served as a Confederate agent in Great Britain, attempting to build support there for the Southern cause.  Hotze used liberal arguments of self-determination in favor of national independence, echoing the failed European revolutions of 1848. He also promised that the Confederacy would be a low-tariff nation in contrast to the high-tariff United States, and he emphasized the consequences of cotton shortages for the industrial workers in Britain, caused by the Union blockade of Southern ports.
Steve Leialoha
Steve Leialoha (born January 27, 1952) is an American comics artist whose work first came to prominence in the 1970s. He has worked primarily as an inker, though occasionally as a penciller, for several publishers, including Marvel Comics and later DC Comics.

Eisner Awards
The Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards, commonly shortened to the Eisner Awards, are awards for creative achievement in American comic books. They are regarded as the most prestigious and significant awards in the comic industry and often referred to as the industry's equivalent of the Academy Awards.

The first Eisners were conferred in 1988, for works published in 1987. The Eisner Awards ceremony has been held at San Diego Comic-Con every year since 1991. The awards are named in honor of pioneering cartoonist and writer Will Eisner, who was a regular participant in the ceremony until his death in 2005.

The nominations in each category are generated by a five- to six-member jury, then voted on by comic book professionals. The jury often consists of at least one comics retailer, one librarian (since 2005), and one academic researcher, among other comic experts. As of 2021, awards are presented in 32 categories.
Euphrates Crossing offensive (2017)
The 2017 Euphrates Crossing offensive was a military offensive launched by the Syrian Arab Army against members of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) in the Deir ez-Zor Governorate, following the breaking of the three-year siege of the city of Deir ez-Zor. The Euphrates Crossing offensive, conducted by government troops, was done with the aim of denying US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces and the US itself leverage over the Syrian government.

The offensive was concurrent with the two SDF offensives, the Battle of Raqqa and the northern Deir ez-Zor offensive, as well the Hawija Offensive in Iraq.

Battle of Hawija
The Battle of Hawija was an offensive launched in September 2017 by the Iraqi Army, in order to recapture the town of Hawija and the surrounding areas from the Islamic State (IS).

The offensive was concurrent with the 2017 Central Syria campaign by the Syrian Army to capture IS territory towards Deir ez-Zor, as well as with the Raqqa campaign (2016–17) conducted by the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) against IS's de facto capital city and stronghold in Syria.
Reina Hispanoamericana 2019
Reina Hispanoamericana 2020 was the 29th Reina Hispanoamericana pageant, held at the Salón Sirionó, Fexpocruz in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia, on February 8, 2020.

Nariman Battikha of Venezuela crowned Regina Peredo of Mexico as her successor at the end of the event. This was Mexico’s first victory in 11 years and second overall.

Nariman Battikha
Nariman Battikha is a Venezuelan beauty pageant titleholder who won Reina Hispanoamericana 2018. Battikha also represented Portuguesa state at Miss Venezuela 2017, and was a semifinalist. She represented Venezuela in Miss Grand International 2025, and was fourth runner-up.

Battikha was previously Miss Supranational Venezuela 2018 and represented Venezuela at Miss Supranational 2018, where she reached the top 10.
GR-103545
GR-103545 is a potent and highly selective κ-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist primarily employed as a radioligand in positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging research. When radiolabeled with carbon-11, [11C]GR-103545 serves as a neuroimaging tracer for quantifying KOR availability and receptor occupancy in the human brain.

Volume of distribution
In pharmacology, the volume of distribution (, also known as apparent volume of distribution or volume of dilution) is the theoretical volume that would be necessary to contain the total amount of an administered drug at the same concentration that it is observed in the blood plasma.

Roughly speaking, the , as a property of a drug, measures the degree to which it is distributed in body tissue rather than the blood plasma. Drug properties which cause high  include high lipid solubility (non-polarity), low rates of ionization, or low plasma protein binding capabilities. Disease states which increase  include kidney failure (due to fluid retention) and liver failure (due to altered body fluid and plasma protein binding). Conversely, dehydration may decrease .

The initial volume of distribution describes blood concentrations prior to attaining the apparent volume of distribution and uses the same formula.
Satoshi Mikami
Satoshi Mikami (三上 哲, Mikami Satoshi; born June 8, 1968) is a Japanese actor and voice actor from Tokyo. He is the best known official dubbing roles for Benedict Cumberbatch, especially in Doctor Strange and the film series Avengers.

Before pursuing a career in voice-acting, he was the lead singer of D.O.M.E., a short-lived spinoff group based on, and which included original members from, Omega Tribe.

James D'Arcy
James D'Arcy (born Simon Richard D'Arcy; 24 August 1975) is an English actor and film director. He is known for his portrayals of Howard Stark's butler, Edwin Jarvis, in the Marvel Cinematic Universe television series Agent Carter (2015–16) and the 2019 film Avengers: Endgame, and murder suspect Lee Ashworth in the second season of the ITV series Broadchurch (2015). D'Arcy also co-starred in Christopher Nolan's war movies Dunkirk (2017) and Oppenheimer (2023). He wrote and directed Made in Italy (2020).
History of metallurgy in China
Metallurgy in China has a long history, with the earliest metal objects in China dating back to around 3,000 BC. The majority of early metal items found in China come from the North-Western Region (mainly Gansu and Qinghai, 青海). China was the earliest civilization to use the blast furnace and produce cast iron.

Northwestern China
Northwestern China (Chinese: 中国西北地区) is a region in the People's Republic of China. It consists of five provincial administrative regions, namely Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Xinjiang.

The region is characterized by a (semi-)arid continental climate. It has a diverse population including significant ethnic minorities such as Hui, Uyghurs and Tibetans. Culturally, the region has historically been influenced by the Silk Road.
Anne Cathrine Collett
Anne Cathrine Collett (19 February 1768 – 27 January 1846), was a Norwegian-Danish landowner and one of the wealthiest women of Denmark in her time.

Collett was born into the wealthy Collett family of timber merchants in Christiania (now Oslo). Her parents were Peter Collett (1740–86) of Buskerud and Maren Kirstine Holmboe (1745–68). She married Peter Nicolaj Arbo who subsequently entered the family's company Collett & Søn.

The couple moved to Copenhagen where they lived in the Peschier House at Holmens Kanal 12. He acquired the country house Aldershvile north of Copenhagen and the manors of Lundbygård and Oremandsgaard at Præstø. After his death in 1827, she ran the estate with the assistance of count Knuth.

Collet died on 27 January 1846. Having no children, she left her estate to her nephews Bernt Anker Collet and Peter Collet (1820-1860).

Præstø
Præstø (Danish pronunciation: [ˈpʰʁæstˌøˀ]) is a town with a population of 3,949 (1 January 2025)  in Vordingborg Municipality in Region Sjælland on the east coast of the island of Zealand (Sjælland).

The islands of Maderne, Storeholm, and Lilleholm are part of the Præstø Fjord wildlife reserves (Præstø Fjord Vildtreservat).
2008 Speedway Grand Prix of Germany
The 2008 Speedway Grand Prix of Germany was the eleventh and closing race of the 2008 Speedway Grand Prix season. It was scheduled to take place on 11 October 2008, in the Veltins-Arena in Gelsenkirchen, Germany. However, the meeting was cancelled because the track (temporary) was deemed unsafe by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) jury due to adverse weather conditions. The event was re-staged at the Polonia Stadium, Bydgoszcz, Poland, on the 18 October and was renamed the 2008 FIM Final Speedway Grand Prix. The Grand Prix was won by Polish rider Tomasz Gollob, who also won the 2008 Super Prix.

Tomasz Gollob
Tomasz Robert Gollob (Polish pronunciation: [ˈtɔmaʐ ˈɡɔlːɔp] ⓘ; born 11 April 1971 in Bydgoszcz, Poland) is a former Polish motorcycle speedway rider and 2010 World Champion. He appeared in every Speedway Grand Prix series between its inaugural season in 1995 and 2013. He earned 52 caps for the Poland national speedway team.
2018–19 Asian Le Mans Series
The 2018–19 Asian Le Mans Series was the seventh season of the Automobile Club de l'Ouest's Asian Le Mans Series. It is the fourth 24 Hours of Le Mans-based series created by the ACO, following the American Le Mans Series (since merged with the Rolex Sports Car Series to form the United SportsCar Championship), the European Le Mans Series and the FIA World Endurance Championship. The four-event season began at the Shanghai International Circuit on 25 November 2018 and ended at the Sepang International Circuit in Selangor on 24 February 2019.

Shanghai International Circuit
The Shanghai International Circuit (simplified Chinese: 上海国际赛车场; traditional Chinese: 上海國際賽車場; pinyin: Shànghǎi Guójì Sàichēchǎng), also called the SAIC Shanghai International Circuit (simplified Chinese: 上海上汽国际赛车场; traditional Chinese: 上海上汽國際賽車場; pinyin: Shànghǎi Shàngqì Guójì Sàichēchǎng) for sponsorship purposes, is a motorsport race track, situated in the Jiading District, Shanghai, China. The circuit is best known as the venue for the annual Chinese Grand Prix which was hosted from 2004 to 2019, and from 2024 onwards. Besides Chinese Grand Prix, the circuit also hosts Shanghai ePrix starting from 2024.

The Shanghai International Circuit features over 10 top-tier domestic car racing events annually. It also boasts Shanghai's only world-class outdoor go-karting track.

As a nationally recognized 4A-rated tourist attraction, the circuit features tourism, shopping, dining, entertainment, and sports.

The track was resurfaced ahead of the 2025 Chinese Grand Prix.
Sassafras (horse)
Sassafras was a champion racehorse.

Sent initially to the Ballylinch Stud at Thomastown in County Kilkenny, Ireland, Sassafras was the sire of winners for over 72 races. Sassafras sired Galway Bay who was a stakes winner in Great Britain and Australia before becoming a sire of stakes winners.

The sire line for Sassafras, an extension of the Solon branch, which extends down through West Australian, back to Matchem, down to foundation sire Godolphin Arabian, was known to continue to exist as recently as 2009, but was known to be dwindling.

Matchem
Matchem (1748 – 21 February 1781), sometimes styled as Match 'em, was a Thoroughbred racehorse who had a great influence on the breed, and was the earliest of three 18th century stallions that produced the Thoroughbred sire-lines of today, in addition to Eclipse and Herod. He was the Leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland from 1772 - 1774.
Thymus pannonicus
Thymus pannonicus, known by its common name Hungarian thyme or Eurasian thyme, is a perennial herbaceous plant, distributed in central and eastern Europe and Russia. It grows over open dry meadows, grasslands, and rocks.

In Serbia, this plant species contributes to several xerothermous grass formations which develop on warm, dry silicate terrains at altitude above 160 m (520 ft), mostly over plains or mild slopes, on acidic soils derived from crystalline albite-muscovite schist and gneiss-like granite. In southern Banat (Serbia), the dried herb is used to make tasty and refreshing herbal tea drinks, owing to its peculiar and pleasant lemon-like scent. Fresh leaves are used for aromatisation of homemade jams, candies and similar confections. Traditionally, it is used also for coughs and other respiratory complaints, as well as certain gastrointestinal disorders.

Albite
Albite is a plagioclase feldspar mineral. It is the sodium endmember of the plagioclase solid solution series. It represents a plagioclase with less than 10% anorthite content. The pure albite endmember has the formula NaAlSi3O8. It is a tectosilicate. Its color is usually pure white, hence its name from Latin, albus. It is a common constituent in felsic rocks.
Moenkopia
Moenkopia (meaning "for Moenkopi") is an extinct genus of prehistoric sarcopterygians from the Coelacanthidae found in the Middle Triassic Moenkopi Formation of Arizona. The type, and only species, M. wellesi, was named in 1961 in honour of Samuel Paul Welles. It is only known from the holotype, UMCP 36193, a partial skull consisting only of the basisphenoid that was collected in 1939 or 1940 by Samuel Welles and briefly noted on by him in 1947, and other assorted specimens found before 2005 in the Radar Mesa by S. J. Nesbitt, W. G. Parker and R. B. Irmis.

Sterling Nesbitt
Sterling Nesbitt (born March 25, 1982, in Mesa, Arizona) is an American paleontologist best known for his work on the origin and early evolutionary patterns of archosaurs. He is currently an associate professor at Virginia Tech in the Department of Geosciences.
Wangala
Wangala is also called the festival of "The Hundred Drums", a harvest festival celebrated by the Garo tribe, who live in Meghalaya, Nagaland, and Assam in India and Greater Mymensingh in Bangladesh. In this post harvest festival, they give thanks to 'Misi Saljong', the sun god, for blessing the people with a rich harvest. Wangala is celebrated in the months from September to December, with different villages setting different dates for the occasion.

Solar deity
A solar deity or sun deity is a deity who represents the Sun or an aspect thereof. Such deities are usually associated with power and strength. Solar deities and Sun worship can be found throughout most of recorded history in various forms. The English word sun derives from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ. The Sun is sometimes referred to by its Latin name Sol or by its Greek name Helios.
Dynamix II
Dynamix II is an American DJ act and record label specializing in electro, Florida breaks, and Miami bass. Their 1986 single "Just Give The DJ A Break", reached gold status. Over 600,000+ units of the record were sold and the song reached No. 50 in the United Kingdom in 1987. The record was considered to be a "formative and influential" in the Miami-bass genre.   The track was one of first Miami Bass records to use a Roland TR 808 bass drum.

Dynamix II was one of the first "ghetto-bass" acts to gain international recognition.  Their music included heavy sampling and has itself been widely sampled including by such acts as the Chemical Brothers.

Miami bass
Miami bass (also known as booty music or booty bass) is a subgenre of hip hop music that became popular in the 1980s and 1990s. The use of drums from the Roland TR-808, sustained kick drum, heavy bass, raised dance tempos, and frequently sexually explicit lyrical content differentiate it from other hip hop subgenres. Music author Richie Unterberger has characterized Miami bass as using rhythms with a "stop-start flavor" and "hissy" cymbals with lyrics that "reflected the language of the streets, particularly Miami's historically black neighborhoods such as Liberty City, Goulds, and Overtown".

Despite Miami bass never having consistent mainstream acceptance, early national media attention in the 1980s resulted in a profound impact on the development of hip hop, dance music, and pop.
Red, White & Royal Blue (soundtrack)
Red, White & Royal Blue (Amazon Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack to the 2023 film Red, White & Royal Blue directed by Matthew López, based on Casey McQuiston's 2019 novel of the same name. The soundtrack featured 27 tracks, with two songs — "If I Loved You" and "Fruit (Red, White & Royal Blue Version)" by Vagabon and Oliver Sim respectively — released as singles, and the remainder of the album consisted of instrumental tracks composed by Sofia Hultquist a.k.a. Drum & Lace, released by Lakeshore Records on August 11, 2023.

Drum & Lace
Sofia Hultquist (née Degli Alessandri; born February 7, 1986), better known by her stage name Drum & Lace, is an Italian electronic trip-hop composer.  Hultquist is best known for co-composing the soundtrack to The First Monday in May with Ian Hultquist, and for composition and sound design in fashion, film, and media.

Hultquist is also known for co-scoring the fashion documentary The First Monday in May. She is also known to write music for soundscapes for fashion shows and presentations and is involved heavily in the fashion world.
Ann Walker
Ann Walker (20 May 1803 – 25 February 1854) was an Englishwoman, married in Britain's first known lesbian wedding, to diarist and fellow Yorkshire landowner Anne Lister. Their union was solemnised by taking the sacrament together on Easter Sunday in 1834 at Holy Trinity Church, Goodramgate, York, which bears a commemorative plaque acknowledging the event. Walker inherited half of her family's estate, Crow Nest, located in Lightcliffe, West Yorkshire, near Shibden Hall, Lister's family estate, in Calderdale. Both women inherited their respective estates during the early 19th century, when primogeniture, the custom of granting lands and property to the oldest surviving son, dominated European law and society. They were travelling abroad together when Lister fell ill and died. Research into their diaries and letters suggest Walker may have experienced bouts of anxiety and depression throughout portions of her life.

Calderdale
Calderdale (/ˈkɔːldərdeɪl, ˈkɒl-/) is a metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire, England, which had a population of 211,439. It takes its name from the River Calder, and dale, a word for valley. The name Calderdale usually refers to the borough through which the upper river flows, while the actual landform is known as the Calder Valley. Several small valleys contain tributaries of the River Calder. The main towns of the borough are Brighouse, Elland, Halifax, Hebden Bridge, Sowerby Bridge and Todmorden.

Calderdale covers part of the South Pennines, and the Calder Valley is the southernmost of the Yorkshire Dales, though it is not part of the Yorkshire Dales National Park. The borough was formed in 1974 by the merger of nine local government districts.

Halifax is the commercial, cultural and administrative centre of the borough. Calderdale is served by Calderdale Council, which is headquartered in Halifax, with some functions based in Todmorden.
Merefnebef
Merefnebef, also called Unisankh and Fefi (fl. c. 2332 BC), was a vizier from the Sixth Dynasty of Egypt. He first served at the court of Teti, possibly became vizier during the reign of Userkare, and was dismissed during the reign of Pepi I.

Vizier (Ancient Egypt)
The vizier was the highest official in ancient Egypt to serve the pharaoh (king) during the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms. Vizier is the generally accepted rendering of ancient Egyptian tjati, tjaty etc., among Egyptologists. The Instruction of Rekhmire (Installation of the Vizier), a New Kingdom text, defines many of the duties of the tjaty, and lays down codes of behavior. The viziers were often appointed by the pharaoh. During the 4th Dynasty and early 5th Dynasty, viziers were exclusively drawn from the royal family; from the period around the reign of Neferirkare Kakai onwards, they were chosen according to loyalty and talent or inherited the position from their fathers.
Howard Maupin
Howard Maupin (c. 1815–1887) was an American settler who established a farm and ferry in Oregon at the present-day location of Maupin. He became famous for shooting the Paiute war leader Chief Paulina on April 25, 1867, near the modern town of Madras.

Maupin was born in Clay County, Kentucky, and moved to Missouri as a teenager. In 1863, he traveled to Oregon, settling first in the Willamette Valley. He then moved to Antelope, in central Oregon, where he became the town's first postmaster in 1871. Maupin then moved slightly west, establishing a farm and operating a ferry across the Deschutes River. The city of Maupin was named in his honor by the city's founder, William H. Staats, early in the 20th century; the original name Maupin's Ferry was shortened by postal authorities. He died in 1887.

Madras, Oregon
Madras (/ˈmædrʌs/ MAD-russ) is a city in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Oregon,  United States. Situated in Central Oregon, it is located where US Route 26 and US Route 97 interset, with the later serving as the main north-south road in the city with traffic split into a one-way pair. Originally called "The Basin" after the circular valley the city is in, it is unclear whether Madras was named in 1903 for the cotton fabric called "Madras" that originated in the city of Madras (now Chennai) in Tamil Nadu, India, or the city itself. The population was 7456 at the 2020 census.
Sutar (surname)
Sutar may be a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chinmay Sutar (born 1997), Indian cricketer

Chittaranjan Sutar (1928–2002), Bangladeshi politician

Ibrahim Sutar (1940–2022), Indian social worker and poet

Prasad Sutar, Indian visual effects designer

Ram V. Sutar (1925–2025), Indian sculptor

Shashikant Sutar, Indian politician

Ibrahim Sutar
Ibrahim Sutar (10 May 1940 – 5 February 2022) was an Indian social worker and poet known for folk-music performances across Karnataka and neighboring states which spread the message of Hindu–Muslim communal unity.

Sutar received the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honor, in 2018 and the Karnataka government's Rajyotsava award in 1995. For his contributions, he was called Kannada Kabir or Karnataka's Kabir (ಕನ್ನಡ ಕಬೀರ or ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಕಬೀರ).
Cassia National Forest
Cassia National Forest was established as the Cassia Forest Reserve in Idaho by the U.S. Forest Service on June 12, 1905, with 326,260 acres (1,320.3 km2). It became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908, it was combined with Raft River National Forest to establish Minidoka National Forest, when the name was discontinued. The land is now part of Sawtooth National Forest.

National forest (United States)
In the United States, national forest is a classification of protected and managed federal lands that are largely forest and woodland areas. They are owned collectively by the American people through the federal government and managed by the United States Forest Service, a division of the United States Department of Agriculture. The U.S. Forest Service is also a forestry research organization that provides financial assistance to the state and local forestry industry. There are 154 national forests in the United States.