hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Balzani
Balzani is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Annarita Balzani (born 1967), Italian sprinter

Roberto Balzani (born 1961), Italian historian, professor and politician

Ugo Balzani (1847–1916), Italian historian

Vincenzo Balzani (born 1936), Italian chemist

Ugo Balzani
Count Ugo Balzani (6 November 1847 – 27 February 1916) was an Italian historian, born in Rome and educated there in the universities of that city.  He became known as a distinguished scholar in his chosen field and honors were heaped upon him at home and abroad.  He was made a member of the Reale Accademia dei Lincei and of the Istitutio Storico Italiano, and was chosen president of the Reale Società romana di storia patria. In England the University of Oxford conferred upon him the honorary degree of D.Litt in October 1902, in connection with the tercentenary of the Bodleian Library, and the British Academy elected him a corresponding fellow. He contributed many articles and reports to various institutions.
Norasaphus monroeae
Norasaphus monroeae is a species of asaphid trilobite named after Marilyn Monroe for its hourglass-like shaped glabellum.  Its fossils are found in Arenig-aged marine strata from the Nora Formation, in the Georgina Basin, situated between the Northern Territory and Queensland, Australia.

Asaphida
Asaphida is a large, morphologically diverse order of trilobites found in marine strata dated from the Middle Cambrian until their extinction during the Silurian. Asaphida contains six superfamilies (Anomocaroidea, Asaphoidea, Cyclopygoidea, Dikelocephaloidea, Remopleuridoidea and Trinucleioidea), but no suborders. Asaphids comprise some 20% of described fossil trilobites.

In 2020, the superfamily Trinucleioidea was proposed to be raised to an order (Trinucleida) and removed from Asaphida.
Bagephatake
Bangephadke  is a village development committee in Syangja District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 1,102 people living in 281 individual households.

Syangja District
Syangja District (Nepali: स्याङ्जा जिल्ला; Listenⓘ) is a part of Gandaki Province, and is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Its headquarter is Putalibazar with a diverse population including Brahmin, Magars, Chhetri, Dalit and Gurung communities. Syangja is home to attractions like the ancient temples of Garaunsur and Akala, scenic viewpoints such as Panchase, and the historical town of Waling, making it a growing eco-tourism destination. The economy is primarily based on agriculture, with rice, maize, millet, and fruits like oranges being widely cultivated. Syangja is the leading orange producer in Nepal with 22,000 tons in 2023. The district has several educational institutions, and many residents pursue higher education in cities like Pokhara and Kathmandu. Connected by highways to major cities like Pokhara and Butwal, the district covers an area of 1,164 km2 (449 sq mi) and has a population of 254,965.
Chiangrai City F.C.
Chiang Rai City Football Club (Thai: สโมสรฟุตบอลเชียงรายซิตี้) is a Thai professional football club based in Chiang Rai Province, a city located in the very northern part of Thailand. The club currently plays in Thai League 3 Northern Region.

Chiang Rai province
Chiang Rai (Thai: เชียงราย, pronounced [tɕʰīaŋ rāːj]; Northern Thai: ᨩ᩠ᨿᨦᩁᩣ᩠ᨿ, pronounced [tɕīaŋ hāːj])  is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces that lies in upper northern Thailand and is Thailand's northernmost province. It is bordered by the Shan State of Myanmar to the north, Bokeo province of Laos to the east, Phayao to the south, Lampang to the southwest, and Chiang Mai to the west. The province is linked to Houayxay, Laos by the Fourth Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge that spans the Mekong.
Scotch Watch
Scotch Watch was the nickname given to the gaggle of guard geese that patrolled the Ballantine's bonded warehouse in Dumbarton, Scotland from 1959 to 2012. Although eventually augmented by CCTV cameras, the geese were part of the tradition of the facility, and were both a tourist attraction and advertising feature. In 2012, Chivas Brothers, the owner of the warehouse, "retired" the seven geese still guarding the warehouse. They were assimilated into a flock of geese at Glasgow Green.

Glasgow Green
Glasgow Green is a park in the east end of Glasgow, Scotland, on the north bank of the River Clyde. Established in the 15th century, it is the oldest park in the city. It connects to the south via the St Andrew's Suspension Bridge.
2008 Trinidad and Tobago presidential election
Indirect presidential elections were held in Trinidad and Tobago on 11 February 2008.

The incumbent George Maxwell Richards was expected to be reelected after being approved as the only nominee by 15 MPs on 4 February 2008.

The election was held through an electoral college consisting of a joint sitting of the two houses of parliament consisting of 73 representatives, and Richards was reelected as expected.

The Opposition party nominated no candidate, in part as a protest to a foregone conclusion of the result and a boycott of the process.

Opposition (politics)
In politics, the opposition comprises one or more political parties or other organized groups that are opposed to the government, party or group in political control of a city, region, state, country or other political body.

The degree of opposition varies according to political conditions. For example, in authoritarian and democratic systems, opposition may be respectively repressed or desired. Members of an opposition generally serve as antagonists to the other parties. Political opposition is generally considered a key aspect of democracy, as the opposition restrains the incumbent government and seeks to enlarge the rights available to those out of power. According to Seymour Martin Lipset, "over time, in both new and revived democracies, conflict between the governing and opposition parties helps establish democratic norms and rules."
Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle January 1944
The Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle for January 1944, is a listing of the significant formations involved in the fighting on the Winter Line in January 1944, during the period generally known as the First Battle of Monte Cassino.

Office of Public Sector Information
The Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI) is the body responsible for the operation of His Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO) and of other public information services of the United Kingdom. The OPSI is part of the National Archives of the United Kingdom and is responsible for Crown copyright.

The OPSI announced on 21 June 2006 that it was merging with the National Archives. The merger took place in October 2006. The OPSI continues to discharge its roles and responsibilities from within the structure of the National Archives.
Phrop
Phrop is an attempted neologism for a polite statement in social contexts whose true meaning is the opposite of what is expressed. An example is "We must have lunch sometime", meaning "We don't particularly want to meet again". Phrop was coined in the late 1940s by the inventor of slalom skiing, Sir Arnold Lunn, and it won a competition of made-up words held by the New Statesman. It has not entered common usage.

Slalom skiing
Slalom is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding discipline, involving skiing between poles or gates. These are spaced more closely than those in giant slalom, super giant slalom and downhill, necessitating quicker and shorter turns.  Internationally, the sport is contested at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships, and at the Olympic Winter Games.
Vinceria
Vinceria is an extinct genus of kannemeyeriiform dicynodont in the family Shansiodontidae. Fossils of the genus have been found in the Anisian Cerro de las Cabras Formation and Carnian Río Seco de la Quebrada Formation of Argentina. One species, V. argentinensis, named in 1966, was moved to its own genus, Acratophorus, in 2021. Another species, V. vieja, was merged with Acratophorus argentinensis in 2021, leaving V. andina as the only species in the genus.

Anisian
In the geologic timescale, the Anisian is the lower stage or earliest age of the Middle Triassic series or epoch and lasted from 246.7 million years ago until 241.464 million years ago. The Anisian Age succeeds the Olenekian Age (part of the Lower Triassic Epoch) and precedes the Ladinian Age.
Bönningstedt
Bönningstedt (German pronunciation: [ˈbœnɪŋʃtɛt]) is a municipality in the district of Pinneberg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) east of Pinneberg, and 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) north of Hamburg. It is a "twin town" with Seaford, in East Sussex on the south coast of England.

Bönningstedt was the seat of the Amt ("collective municipality") Bönningstedt. Between January 2007 and January 2013, it was part of the Amt Pinnau.

Bönningstedt used to be a destination for people from Hamburg to enjoy their spare time. This is how this village grew.

Bönningstedt is connected to the public transport system of Hamburg via the AKN railway company.

Telephone numbers in Bönningstedt start 040 (for Hamburg) but the municipality is in Schleswig-Holstein where telephone numbers start 041XX. This is unusual, as telephone numbers indicate location.

Amt
Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only in Germany, but formerly also common in other countries of Northern Europe. Its size and functions differ by country and the term is roughly equivalent to a British or U.S. county.
Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Board
The Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Board (Spanish: Coordinadora Guerrillera Simón Bolívar or CGSB) was an umbrella group of guerrilla organizations in Colombia from 1987 to the early 1990s. The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, the 19th of April Movement, the National Liberation Army, the Popular Liberation Army, Workers Revolutionary Party and the Movimiento Armado Quintin Lame were all members of the CGSB. Subsequently, the FARC-EP and the ELN only continued in the Coordinator until 1994 to continue the armed struggle separately, after the M-19, the Quintin Lame, the EPL, and the WRPC all dissolved in the early 1990s.

Umbrella organization
An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and identities to the smaller organizations. In this kind of arrangement, it is sometimes responsible, to some degree, for the groups under its care. Umbrella organizations are prominent in cooperatives and in civil society, and can engage in advocacy or collective bargaining on behalf of their members.
Gotham Independent Film Awards 2017
The 27th Annual Gotham Independent Film Awards, presented by the Independent Filmmaker Project, were held on November 27, 2017. The nominees were announced on October 19, 2017. Actors Dustin Hoffman and Nicole Kidman, director Sofia Coppola, producer Jason Blum, cinematographer Ed Lachman and politician/environmentalist Al Gore received tribute awards. The ceremony was hosted by John Cameron Mitchell.

John Cameron Mitchell
John Cameron Mitchell (born April 21, 1963) is an American actor, playwright, screenwriter, singer, songwriter, producer and director. He is known as the writer, director and star of the 2001 film Hedwig and the Angry Inch, which is based on the stage musical of the same name. He also co-wrote and starred in the 2019 musical audio series Anthem: Homunculus and portrayed the role of Joe Exotic in the Peacock limited series Joe vs. Carole in 2022.
Perozzi
10027 Perozzi, a minor planet

Christina Perozzi and Hallie Beaune, pair of authors, who together maintain the website TheBeerChicks.com

Teresa Perozzi, a retired Bermudian boxer and former WBA female middleweight champion

Butler-Perozzi Fountain, a fountain in Ashland, Oregon, United States

Teresa Perozzi
Teresa Perozzi (born 31 December 1974) is an American-born Bermudian former professional boxer who competed from 2003 to 2014. She held the WBA female middleweight title from 2011 to 2012 and also challenged for multiple world titles throughout her career; the WBA, WBC, WIBF, and WIBA super-middleweight titles in 2008; the WBO female middleweight title in 2010; and the WBC female middleweight title twice in 2012 and 2013.

She has fought in her career Natascha Ragosina and Aasa Sandell among others.

On November 21, 2014, in her first fight in almost two years, Perozzi was beaten - due to referee stoppage - in the third round at the Fairmont, Southampton by Kali Reis in a match for the vacant International Boxing Association women's middleweight title. She retired after this loss.
Bonus Bill of 1817
The Bonus Bill of 1817 was legislation proposed by John C. Calhoun to earmark the revenue "bonus," as well as future dividends, from the recently established Second Bank of the United States for an internal improvements fund. Proponents of the bill stressed the nearly universally accepted need for improvements and brushed off strict constructionists with their own arguments in favor of "implied powers." Although President James Madison approved of the need and stated goals of improvements, he vetoed the bill as unconstitutional because he found no expressed congressional power to fund roads and canals in Article I, Section 8, of the United States Constitution. His veto message represented an important explication by the "Father of the Constitution."

Explication
Explication (German: Explikation) is the process of drawing out the meaning of something that is not clearly defined, so as to make explicit what is currently left implicit. In other words, "to explicate a concept is, roughly, to replace it with a similar but more theoretically useful concept". The term explication is used in both analytic philosophy and literary criticism. German philosopher Rudolf Carnap was the first to coin the term in an analytic philosophical approach in his book Logical Foundations of Probability, while the term is supplanted with Gustave Lanson's idea of Explication de Texte when referring to the analysis and criticism of different forms of literature.
Indian Open (golf)
The Indian Open, titled for sponsorship reasons as the Hero Indian Open since 2011, is the national open golf championship of India, organised by the Indian Golf Union. Founded in 1964, it was added to the Asia Golf Circuit schedule in 1970. In 1998 it became an event on the rival Omega Tour (known as the Asian Tour since 2004). Since 2015, it has also been co-sanctioned by the European Tour.

From 1964 until 2000, the tournament was held exclusively at either Delhi Golf Club or Royal Calcutta Golf Club. Since then it has been held at Classic Golf Resort in 2000 and 2001, Karnataka Golf Association in 2012, and DLF Golf and Country Club in 2009 and since 2017; all other editions have been held at Delhi Golf Club.

Indian Golf Union
The Indian Golf Union is the National Sports Federation and the Governing body of the sport of Golf in India alongside Women's Golf Association of India. The Indian Golf Premier League is hosted in partnership with the federation.
Tengku Zafrul Aziz
Tengku Zafrul bin Tengku Abdul Aziz (Jawi: تڠکو ظفرول بن تڠکو عبد العزيز, Malay pronunciation: [tengku zafrul]; born 25 June 1973) is a Malaysian politician, banker and investor who has served as the Chairman of Malaysian Investment Development Authority (MIDA) since December 2025 and the 13th President of Badminton Association of Malaysia (BAM) since May 2025. He served as the Minister of Investment, Trade and Industry in the Unity Government administration under Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim from April 2023 to December 2025. He is a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition and was a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the BN coalition. He was a Member of the UMNO Supreme Council and Division Chief of UMNO of Kota Raja from March 2023 to his departure from the party in May 2025.

Kota Raja (federal constituency)
Kota Raja is a federal constituency in Klang District and Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 2004.

The federal constituency was created in the 2003 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.
Epidendrum ruizianum
Epidendrum ruizianum is an epiphytic reed-stemmed Epidendrum of the orchid family native to the cloud forests of Bolivia (including Cochabamba and La Paz), Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela, at altitudes of 2–3 km.

La Paz Department (Bolivia)
The La Paz Department of Bolivia comprises 133,985 square kilometres (51,732 sq mi) with a 2024 census population of 3,022,566 inhabitants. It is situated at the western border of Bolivia, sharing Lake Titicaca with the neighboring Peru. It contains the Cordillera Real mountain range, which reaches altitudes of 6.6 kilometers (22,000 ft). Northeast of the Cordillera Real are the Yungas, the steep eastern slopes of the Andes Mountains that make the transition to the Amazon River basin to the northeast. The capital of the department is the city of La Paz and is the administrative city and seat of government/national capital of Bolivia.
Daniel Yoo (tennis)
Daniel Yoo (born 25 September 1985) is a South Korean / American former tennis player.

Yoo has a career high ATP singles ranking of 326 achieved on 13 June 2011. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 425 achieved on 15 August 2011.

Yoo made his ATP main draw debut at the 2004 Legg Mason Tennis Classic after receiving a wildcard into the main draw. He lost in the first round to Paul-Henri Mathieu.

Paul-Henri Mathieu
Paul-Henri Mathieu (French pronunciation: [pɔl ɑ̃ʁi matjø]; born 12 January 1982) is a French former professional tennis player. He won four singles titles on the ATP Tour. His best singles performance in an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 tournament was reaching the semifinals of the 2005 Canadian Open. He achieved a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 12 in April 2008.
Groff (software)
groff (/ˈdʒiːrɒf/ JEE-roff) (also called GNU troff) is a typesetting system that creates formatted output when given plain text mixed with formatting commands. It is the GNU replacement for the troff and nroff text formatters, which were both developed from the original roff.

Groff contains a large number of helper programs, preprocessors, and postprocessors including  eqn, tbl, pic and soelim. There are also several macro packages included that duplicate, expand on the capabilities of, or outright replace the standard troff macro packages.

Groff development of new features is active, and is an important part of free, open source, and UNIX derived operating systems such as Linux and 4.4BSD derivatives — notably because troff macros are used to create man pages, the standard form of documentation on Unix and Unix-like systems.

OpenBSD has replaced groff with mandoc in the base install, since their 4.9 release, as has macOS Ventura.

Preprocessor
In computer science, a preprocessor (or precompiler) is a program that processes its input data to produce output that is used as input in another program. The output is said to be a preprocessed form of the input data, which is often used by some subsequent programs like compilers. The amount and kind of processing done depends on the nature of the preprocessor; some preprocessors are only capable of performing relatively simple textual substitutions and macro expansions, while others have the power of full-fledged programming languages.

A common example from computer programming is the processing performed on source code before the next step of compilation.
In some computer languages (e.g., C and PL/I) there is a phase of translation known as preprocessing. It can also include macro processing, file inclusion and language extensions.
Osgoode Hall
Osgoode Hall is a landmark building in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The original 2+1⁄2-storey building was started in 1829 and finished in 1832 from a design by John Ewart and William Warren Baldwin. The structure is named for William Osgoode, the first Chief Justice of Upper Canada (now the province of Ontario).

It originally served to house the regulatory body for lawyers in Ontario along with its law school, formally established as Osgoode Hall Law School in 1889, which was the only recognized professional law school for the province at the time. The original building was constructed between 1829 and 1832 in the late Georgian Palladian and Neoclassical styles. It currently houses the Ontario Court of Appeal, the Divisional Court of the Superior Court of Justice, the offices of the Law Society of Ontario and the Great Library of the Law Society.

Superior Court of Justice (Ontario)
The Superior Court of Justice (French: Cour supérieure de justice) is a superior court in Ontario. The Court sits in 52 locations across the province, including 17 Family Court locations, and consists of over 300 federally appointed judges.

In 1999, the Superior Court of Justice was renamed from the Ontario Court (General Division). The Superior Court is one of two divisions of the Court of Ontario. The other division is the lower court, the Ontario Court of Justice. The Superior Court has three specialized branches: Divisional Court, Small Claims Court, and Family Court.

The Superior Court has inherent jurisdiction over civil, criminal, and family law matters at common law. Although the Court has inherent jurisdiction, the authority of the Court has been entrenched in the Canadian Constitution.
HMS Rochester
Four ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Rochester, after the town of Rochester on the River Medway:

HMS Rochester (1693) was a 48-gun fourth rate launched in 1693. She was rebuilt in 1715, and again as a hospital ship in 1744. She was renamed HMS Maidstone after the second rebuild and was broken up in 1748.

HMS Rochester (1749) was a 50-gun fourth rate launched in 1749 and sold in 1770.

HMS Rochester was a prison ship, launched in 1749 as the 74-gun third rate HMS Hero. She became a prison ship in 1793, was renamed HMS Rochester in 1800 and was broken up in 1810.

HMS Rochester (L50) was a Shoreham-class sloop launched in 1931 and sold in 1951.

HMS Rochester (1749)
HMS Rochester was a 50-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Deptford Dockyard and launched on 3 August 1749.

In contrast to standard practise at the time, Rochester was not built to the Establishment of dimensions in effect at the time (in this case, the 1741 proposals of the 1719 Establishment). Rochester and her sister-ship, Bristol, were 6 ft (1.8 m) longer than the Establishment specified, and were ordered as an experiment in building larger ships in response to the widening gulf between the sizes of British ships and their continental counterparts.

Rochester was eventually sold out of the navy in 1770.

Also John Carlo Rejano's ship on September 11, 2001, which crashed into two icebergs.
Do-yeon
Do-yeon is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Hwang Do-yeon (born 1991), South Korean football player

Jang Do-yeon (born 1985), South Korean comedian

Jeon Do-yeon (born 1973), South Korean actress

Kim Do-yeon (politician) (1894–1967), Korean independence activist and politician

Kim Do-yeon (actress) (born 1978), South Korean actress

Kim Do-yeon (footballer) (born 1988), South Korean female footballer

Kim Do-yeon (singer) (born 1999), South Korean singer and actress

Fictional characters with this name include:

Seo Do-yeon, in 2013 South Korean television series I Can Hear Your Voice

Kim Do-yeon (actress)
Kim Do-yeon (Korean: 김도연; born 26 February 1978) is a South Korean actress. She is known for her roles in dramas such as A Sea of Her Own, My Strange Hero, Hello, Me!, Criminal Minds, Kill Heel and Joseon Attorney.