hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
43rd United States Colored Infantry Regiment
The 43rd United States Colored Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment was composed of African American enlisted men commanded by white officers and was authorized by the Bureau of Colored Troops which was created by the United States War Department on May 22, 1863.

Bureau of Colored Troops
The Bureau of Colored Troops was created by the United States War Department on May 22, 1863, under General Order No. 143, during the Civil War, to handle "all matters relating to the organization of colored troops." Major Charles Warren Foster was chief of the Bureau, which reported to Adjutant General Lorenzo Thomas. The designation United States Colored Troops replaced the varied state titles that had been given to the African-American soldiers.
Roman Lob
Roman Lob (born 2 July 1990) is a German singer-songwriter. In January and February 2012, Lob was a contestant in the German TV show Unser Star für Baku, produced by the German broadcasting stations Pro7 and Das Erste. He is also the lead singer of the band Rooftop Kingdom, an alternative rock band with origins in Neustadt (Wied). He was also a founding member of German Metalcore band, Days of Despite.

Das Erste
Das Erste (German: [das ˈʔeːɐ̯stə]; "The First") is the flagship national television channel of the ARD association of public broadcasting corporations in Germany, jointly operated by the nine regional public broadcasting corporations that are members of the ARD.

The channel was launched on 25 December 1952 as NWDR-Fernsehen and renamed to Deutsches Fernsehen in 1954. Since 1996, the official brand is Das Erste; the full name Erstes Deutsches Fernsehen (First German Television) is still used before every major news edition. In colloquial speech, the station is usually called Erstes Programm ("First Channel"), or by its metonym, ARD.
Ranmore Common SSSI
Ranmore Common SSSI is a 224.3-hectare (554-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Ranmore Common, north-west of Dorking in Surrey.

This site is mainly woodland, some of it ancient, but there are also areas of heath and rough pasture. The dominant trees are pedunculate and sessile oaks, with a shrub layer of holly, silver birch and yew. There is a diverse community of breeding birds and invertebrates include the satin wave moth and the white admiral butterfly.

Taxus baccata
Taxus baccata is an Old World species of evergreen tree in the family Taxaceae. It is the tree originally known as yew, though with other related trees becoming known, it is sometimes called common yew, European yew, or, in North America, English yew. It is a woodland tree in its native range, including much of Eurasia and Northwest Africa. All parts of the plant except the fleshy aril are poisonous, with toxins that can be absorbed through inhalation, ingestion, and transpiration through the skin.

The wood has been prized for making longbows and for musical instruments such as lutes. Yews are often grown as ornamental trees, hedges or topiaries, including in churchyards, where they sometimes reach great age; many explanations have been given for this planting, especially that the yew is associated with death, immortality, and rebirth. Multiple place names derive from the Proto-Celtic *eburos, but scholars disagree as to whether this meant the yew tree.
Great Bardfield
Great Bardfield is a village and civil parish in the Braintree district of Essex, England. It is approximately 9 mi (14 km) northwest of the town of Braintree, and approximately 12 mi (19 km) southeast of Saffron Walden. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 1,374.

The village came to national attention during the 1950s as home to the Great Bardfield Artists.

Primula × polyantha
Primula × polyantha, the polyanthus primrose or false oxlip, is a naturally occurring hybrid species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae. It is the result of crosses between Primula veris (common cowslip) and Primula vulgaris (common primrose). It is native to Europe, found where the parent species' ranges overlap, and many artificial hybrid cultivars have also been created for the garden trade. Naturally‑occurring individuals (the false oxlips) tend to have yellow flowers, while a wide range of flower colors has been developed in the cultivars (the polyanthus primroses) over the centuries.
Moscow Group
The Moscow Group was Menshevik organisation based in Moscow during the 1905 Revolution. The Group was founded in the spring of 1905. Following the appearance of the Bulygin Constitution on 6 August 1905, the Moscow Group was unhappy that it proposed a purely consultative Duma elected by a highly restricted electorate from which workers would be excluded by means of property qualifications. They started agitating for the formation of the Moscow Soviet of 1905, as a broad base cross-party workers organisation, as had been agreed at their Geneva conference held in April 1905. Whereas the St Petersburg Soviet had been founded on 13 October 1905, the Moscow Soviet was formed later, but took on a major role in the Moscow uprising of 1905.

Saint Petersburg Soviet
The Petersburg Soviet of Workers' Delegates (Russian: Петербургский совет рабочих депутатов, romanized: Peterburgskiy sovet rabochikh deputatov; later the Petersburg Soviet of Workers' Deputies) was a workers' council, or soviet, in Saint Petersburg in 1905.
Dick Turpin (1933 film)
Dick Turpin is a 1933 British historical drama film directed by Victor Hanbury and John Stafford. It starred Victor McLaglen, Jane Carr, Frank Vosper, James Finlayson and Cecil Humphreys. The film depicts the adventures of the eighteenth century highwayman Dick Turpin and his legendary ride to York. It was based on a historical novel by Harrison Ainsworth.

It was made at Cricklewood Studios with sets designed by the art director Wilfred Arnold. It was the last film made by Stoll Pictures which had once been the dominant producer in Britain during the silent era.

Wilfred Arnold
Wilfred Arnold (1903–1970), also known as C. Wilfred Arnold, was a British art director. He was a prolific contributor to British films, designing the sets for more than a hundred. His brother Norman Arnold was also an art director.
Gakuen-Toshi Station
Gakuen-Toshi Station (学園都市駅, Gakuen-toshi-eki) is a station of the Seishin-Yamate Line of Kobe Municipal Subway in Kobe, Hyōgo, Japan. There are many education institutions and famous Japanese universities in the area. The institutions include Nissan Business School and Kobe Design University.

Kobe Design University
Kobe Design University (神戸芸術工科大学, Kōbe geijutsu kōka daigaku) is a private university in Kobe, Hyōgo, Japan.

It was established in 1989 by Tanioka Gakuen Educational Foundation (谷岡学園, founded in 1928), which runs several schools such as Osaka University of Commerce.
Tambor (Tower)
Tambor is an orchestral composition in one movement by the American composer Joan Tower.  The work was commissioned by the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra and was composed between September 1997 and February 1998.  It was first performed on May 7, 1998, by the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra under the conductor Mariss Jansons.  The piece is dedicated Robert Moir, then artistic director for the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra.

Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra
The Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra (PSO) is an American orchestra based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The orchestra is resident at Heinz Hall, located in Pittsburgh's Cultural District.  Since 2008, the orchestra's music director is Manfred Honeck.  The orchestra's current president and CEO is Melia Tourangeau.
2018–19 Central Connecticut Blue Devils men's basketball team
The 2018–19 Central Connecticut Blue Devils men's basketball team represented Central Connecticut State University during the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Blue Devils were led by third-year head coach Donyell Marshall, and played their home games at the William H. Detrick Gymnasium in New Britain, Connecticut as members of the Northeast Conference. They finished the season 11–20 overall, 5–13 in NEC play to finish in last place. They failed to qualify for the NEC tournament.

2019 Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2019 Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Northeast Conference for the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. All tournament games are played at the home arena of the highest seed. The tournament took place March 6 through March 12, 2019. Fairleigh Dickinson defeated Saint Francis (PA) 85–76 in the championship game to win the tournament, and received the NEC's automatic bid to the 2019 NCAA tournament.
Boxing at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Light welterweight
The men's light welterweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1988 Summer Olympics. The weight class allowed boxers of up to 63.5 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 19 September to 2 October 1988. 45 boxers from 45 nations competed. 31-year-old Vyacheslav Yanovskiy won the gold medal.

Reiner Gies
Reiner Gies (born March 12, 1963, in Kaiserslautern, West Germany) is a former German boxer who won a Light Welterweight Bronze Medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics for West Germany. Four years earlier, when Los Angeles, California hosted the Games, he was eliminated in the quarterfinals.
Fidelio Ponce de León
Fidelio Ponce de León (24 January 1895 - 19 February 1949) was the pseudonym of Alfredo Fuentes Pons, a Cuban painter. A native of Camagüey, he studied at the San Alejandro Academy in Havana from 1913 until 1918. Along with Antonio Gattorno, Victor Manuel, Amelia Peláez, and Wifredo Lam, he is considered part of the "Vanguardia" movement in Cuban art; however, unlike many of his contemporaries he never studied in Europe, and so had comparatively little contact with European modernism. Nevertheless, he listed among his influences Amedeo Modigliani, along with El Greco, Rembrandt, and Bartolomé Esteban Murillo. His paintings are also reminiscent of those of Edvard Munch. Later in life Ponce de León contracted tuberculosis; he died in Havana on 19 February 1949. The Museum of Modern Art is among the museums containing examples of his work.

Bartolomé Esteban Murillo
Bartolomé Esteban Murillo (/mjʊəˈrɪloʊ, m(j)ʊˈriːoʊ/ mure-IL-oh, m(y)uu-REE-oh, Spanish: [baɾtoloˈme esˈteβam muˈɾiʎo]; late December 1617, baptised 1 January 1618 – 3 April 1682) was a Spanish Baroque painter. Although he is best known for his religious works, Murillo also produced a considerable number of paintings of contemporary women and children. These lively realistic portraits of flower girls, street urchins, and beggars constitute an extensive record of the everyday life of his times. He also painted two self-portraits, one in the Frick Collection portraying him in his 30s, and one in London's National Gallery portraying him about 20 years later. In 2017–18, the two museums held an exhibition of them.
Garash cake
Garash (Bulgarian: гараш) is a chocolate cake from Bulgarian cuisine. It was created by the Austro-Hungarian chef Kosta Garash in 1885 in Ruse, Bulgaria, during the time he managed the grand hotel “Islah Hane”, which was located next to the residence of the Bulgarian Knyaz Alexander of Battenberg. Royal figures, such as Carol I of Romania, Milan I of Serbia, and Oscar II of Sweden, were guests at the hotel. Kosta Garash created his famous "Garash" cake for such high-ranking receptions.

"Garash" cake has recently become a favorite of people with Gluten-related disorders, since no wheat flour is used in the recipe.

Alexander of Battenberg
Alexander Joseph GCB (Bulgarian: Александър I Батенберг; 5 April 1857 – 17 November 1893), known as Alexander of Battenberg, was the first prince (knyaz) of the  autonomous Principality of Bulgaria from 1879 until his abdication in 1886.

The Bulgarian Grand National Assembly elected him as Prince of autonomous Bulgaria in 1879. He dissolved the assembly the following year and suspended the Constitution in 1881, considering it too liberal. He restored the Constitution in 1883, leading to open conflict with Russia that made him popular in Bulgaria. Unification with Eastern Rumelia was achieved and recognised by the powers in 1885. A coup carried out by pro-Russian Bulgarian Army officers forced him to abdicate in September 1886. He later became a general in the Austrian army.
Mohamed Nadir Sebaa
Mohamed Nadir Sebaa, (Arabic: محمد النذير السبع) is an Algerian novelist and poet, born on 28 November 1956 Batna. He writes novels and poetry in French language. The novelist is known for focusing his work on dissecting the reality of his society over different periods of time, and by mentioning the names of places and people as they are pronounced locally, without translation or modification.

Sebaa had a friendship with Kateb Yacine, whom described him in a letter he sent to him, as “The writer of Humility, Simplicity and True Sense.”

Annaba
Annaba (Arabic: عنابة, lit. 'place of the Jujubes'), formerly known as Hippone, Bona and Bône, is a seaport city in the northeastern corner of Algeria, close to the border with Tunisia. Annaba is near the small Seybouse River and is in Annaba Province. With a population of about 263,650 (2019) and 1,000,000 for the metropolitan area, Annaba is the third-largest city and the leading industrial center in Algeria.

Annaba is a coastal city that underwent significant growth during the 20th century. Annaba has a metropolitan area with a higher population density than the other metropolitan areas of the Algerian coastline, such as Oran and Algiers. Much of eastern and southern Algeria uses the services, equipment and infrastructure of Annaba. Economically, it is the centre for various economic activities, such as industry, transportation, finance, and tourism.
2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 1 – Men's 1500 metres
The men's 1500 metres race of the 2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 1, arranged in the Meiji Hokkaido-Tokachi Oval, in Obihiro, Japan, was held on 16 November 2014.

The competition saw an all-Dutch podium, as Kjeld Nuis of won, followed by Wouter olde Heuvel of in second place, and Koen Verweij in third place. Li Bailin of China won Division B.

Kjeld Nuis
Kjeld Nuis (Dutch pronunciation: [kjɛlt ˈnœys]; born in Leiden 10 November 1989) is a Dutch speed skater.

Nuis is a specialist in the middle distances of 1000 and 1500 meters. At the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, he won the gold medal at the 1500 m and 1000 m events. At the 2022 Winter Olympics, he successfully defended his title on the 1500 m. He is the current holder of the world record over 1500 meters.
Neos Aionas Trikomou
Neos Aionas Trikomou (Greek: Νέος Αιώνας Τρικώμου, "New Century Trikomou") was a Cypriot football club based in Trikomo. Founded in 1900, it was played sometimes in Second and sometimes in the Third and Fourth Divisions.

After the Turkish invasion of Cyprus and occupation of the city of Trikomo in 1974, the team was displaced to the southern part of the island, in Limassol. The football team dissolved in 1992 due to financial problems.

Cypriot Second Division
The Cypriot Second Division (Greek: Πρωτάθλημα Β΄ Κατηγορίας) is the second highest football division of the Cypriot football league system.

Administered by the Cyprus Football Association, it is contested by 16 teams, with the top three teams being promoted to the Cypriot First Division and the last three teams being relegated to the Cypriot Third Division.
Beauty Confidential
Beauty Confidential: The No Preaching, No Lies, Advice-You'll-Actually-Use Guide to Looking Your Best is a 2007 beauty guide by American author Nadine Haobsh.

The author, a former beauty editor, provides tips and product suggestions in chapters broken down to cover beauty topics from head to toe.  Beauty Confidential is mentioned in an infomercial for Bare Escentuals Bare Minerals foundation.

Shiseido
Shiseido Company, Limited (Japanese: 株式会社資生堂, Hepburn: Kabushiki gaisha Shiseidō; pronounced [ɕiseꜜːdoː]) is a Japanese multinational cosmetic company founded in Tokyo, Japan in 1872. Its product categories consist of: skin care, makeup, body care, hair care, and fragrances. The company is one of the oldest cosmetic companies in the world and celebrated its 150th anniversary in 2022. It is the largest cosmetic firm in Japan and the fifth largest cosmetic company in the world. In Japan, Shiseido is available at cosmetic counters at selected department stores and most pharmacies. The company owns numerous brands and subsidiaries worldwide, in addition to its founding label. The company is headquartered in Tokyo, and is traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, where it is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 and TOPIX Large70 indices.
John J. Farrell (Irish Parliamentary Party politician)
John Joseph Farrell (c. 1871 – 31 May 1854) was an Irish businessman and politician. He was a member of Dublin Corporation, and served as Lord Mayor of Dublin from 1911 to 1912. He as a member of the Irish Parliamentary Party.

Farrell is recorded in the 1911 census of Ireland, when he was Lord Mayor of Dublin and living in the Mansion House. He married Mary Josephine in 1898; and they had six children.

He had business interests in several cinemas in Dublin, and was the managing director of the Irish Kinematograph Company. In 1917, he claimed £77 10s for damage caused by gunfire during the 1916 Easter Rising to a building owned by the Irish Kinematograph Company in O'Connell Street. The Property Losses Committee recommended a payment of £20.

On 10 February 1920, his home in Drumcondra was raided by British forces, under the DORA act.

1911 census of Ireland
The 1911 census of Ireland was the last census that covered the whole island of Ireland and of the 26 counties that form the Republic of Ireland. Censuses were taken at ten-year intervals from 1821 onwards, but the 1921 census was cancelled due to the Irish War of Independence.

The original records of the 1821 to 1851 censuses were destroyed by fire at the Four Courts in Dublin during the Irish Civil War, while those between 1861 and 1891 were possibly pulped during the First World War. All that remained were the 1901 and 1911 census, with the latter put online in 2009 by the National Archives of Ireland.
Jean-Guy Guilbault
Jean-Guy Guilbault (14 March 1931 – 4 March 2022) was a Canadian businessman and politician who was a member of the House of Commons of Canada.

Guilbault attended schools in Drummondville and Montreal. In federal politics, he represented the Quebec riding of Drummond where he was first elected in the 1984 federal election and re-elected in 1988, therefore becoming a member in the 33rd and 34th Canadian Parliaments. He was a member of the Progressive Conservative party.

Guilbault left federal politics after his defeat in the 1993 federal election to Pauline Picard of the Bloc Québécois. Guilbault died on 4 March 2022, at the age of 90.

34th Canadian Parliament
The 34th Canadian Parliament was in session from December 12, 1988, until September 8, 1993.  The membership was set by the 1988 federal election on November 21, 1988, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1993 election.

There were three sessions of the 34th Parliament:
Sunil Prajapati
Sunil Prajapati (Nepali: सुनिल प्रजापति) is a Nepalese politician who is the current mayor of Bhaktapur, belonging to the Nepal Workers Peasants Party.

In the 1999 parliamentary election Prajapati contested the Bhaktapur 2 constituency. He finished second with 13,432 votes.

After the fall of King Gyanendra's direct rule in 2006, Prajapati was nominated to the interim legislature of Nepal. Prajapati became a member of the Interim Constitution Drafting Committee.

In April 2008, he won the Bhaktapur-2 seat in the Constituent Assembly election.

Interim legislature of Nepal
The Interim Legislature Parliament of Nepal, previously known as the Reinstated House of Representatives, was the legislature of Nepal formed in the aftermath of the 2006 Nepalese revolution and the Comprehensive Peace Accord signed with the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist).
Eetu Qvist
Eetu Qvist (born June 10, 1983) is a Finnish former ice hockey centre.

Qvist played in the SM-liiga for SaiPa and KalPa between 2003 and 2007, playing  a total of 210 games. He then spent the next seven seasons in Sweden, playing in the HockeyAllsvenskan for IK Oskarshamn, IF Björklöven, Bofors IK and Asplöven HC, as well as in Hockeyettan for IF Sundsvall Hockey.

On July 15, 2014, Qvist returned to Finland to sign for Iisalmen Peli-Karhut of the Suomi-sarja for one season before retiring.

IF Sundsvall Hockey
IF Sundsvall Hockey is a Swedish ice hockey club based in Sundsvall.  The club currently competes in Hockeyettan, the third tier of ice hockey in Sweden.  Sundsvall plays their home matches at Gärdehov, with a capacity of 2,500.
Ahmad Ibrahim Kulliyyah of Laws
3°15′05.9″N 101°44′16.5″E﻿ / ﻿3.251639°N 101.737917°E﻿ / 3.251639; 101.737917

Ahmad Ibrahim Kulliyyah of Laws (AIKOL) is the law faculty of International Islamic University Malaysia. Previously known as the Kulliyyah of Laws, it was renamed in 2000 in honour of its founder and ex-Dean, professor Ahmad Mohamed Ibrahim. Being the first faculty formed together with the university, it is now one of the largest law schools in Malaysia and has produced thousands of law graduates since 1983.

Classes are taught in English and Arabic. However, Bahasa Melayu is also taught to students to equip them with the understanding of legal jargons in the national language. The majority of the students are Malaysians.

Inspector general
An inspector general is an investigative official in a civil or military organization. The plural of the term is "inspectors general".

In some countries, inspector general is also a formal rank or title in civil, police, or military services, where it refers to a senior officer rather than an investigative position. The duties and authority of the role vary by country and organization.
Tarkshya
Tārkṣya is the name of a mythical being in the Rigveda,  described as a horse with the epithet áriṣṭa-nemi "with intact wheel-rims" (RV 1.89.6, RV 10.178.1), but alternatively taken to be a bird (RV 5.51) and later identified with Garuda (Mahabharata, Harivamsha) or Garuda's father (Bhagavata Purana 6.6.2, 21), counted among the offspring of Kashyapa in Mahabharata 1.2548, 4830 and 12468.

It is also the name of the hymn RV 10.178 ascribed to Tārkṣya Ariṣṭanemi.

Mandala 1
The first Mandala ("book") of the Rigveda has 191 hymns. Together with Mandala 10, it forms the latest part of the Rigveda. Its composition likely dates to the late Vedic period (1000-500 BCE) or the Early Iron Age (around 1000 BCE).
Hillary Jordan
Hillary Jordan is an American novelist. She grew up in Dallas and Muskogee, Oklahoma and now lives in Brooklyn. She received a BA from Wellesley College and an MFA in Creative Writing from Columbia University. and has written two novels: Mudbound (2008) and When She Woke (2011), and a short story called "Aftermirth". She is currently working on a sequel to Mudbound. She is a 2009 recipient of the Alex Awards.

Alex Awards
The Alex Awards annually recognize "ten books written for adults that have special appeal to young adults ages 12 through 18". Since 2002, the Alex Awards have been administered by the Young Adult Library Services Association, a division of the American Library Association.

The awards, initially bestowed in 1998, were named after Baltimore librarian Margaret Alexander Edwards, who was known as "Alex". They are sponsored by the Margaret Alexander Edwards Trust and Booklist magazine. Books published during the previous year are eligible for the awards.