hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bluebeard (Vonnegut novel)
Bluebeard, the Autobiography of Rabo Karabekian (1916–1988) is a 1987 novel by American author Kurt Vonnegut. Told in first-person narrative, it describes the later years of fictional Abstract Expressionist painter Rabo Karabekian, who first appeared as a minor character in Vonnegut's Breakfast of Champions (1973). The novel’s circumstances bear a rough resemblance to the fairy tale of  Bluebeard, popularized by Charles Perrault, a connection that Karabekian mentions once in the novel.

Charles Perrault
Charles Perrault (/pɛˈroʊ/ perr-OH, US also /pəˈroʊ/ pə-ROH, French: [ʃaʁl pɛʁo]; 12 January 1628 – 16 May 1703) was a French author and member of the Académie Française. He laid the foundations for a new literary genre, the fairy tale, with his works derived from earlier folk tales, published in his 1697 book Histoires ou contes du temps passé. The best known of his tales include "Little Red Riding Hood", "Cinderella", "Puss in Boots", "Sleeping Beauty", and "Bluebeard".

Some of Perrault's versions of old stories influenced the German versions published by the Brothers Grimm more than 100 years later. The stories continue to be printed and have been adapted to most entertainment formats. Perrault was an influential figure in the 17th-century French literary scene and was the leader of the Modern faction during the Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns.
Waliszewo, Stargard County
Waliszewo [valiˈʂɛvɔ] (German: Margarethenhof) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ińsko, within Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Ińsko, 42 km (26 mi) north-east of Stargard, and 68 km (42 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 49.

Stargard County
Stargard County (Polish: powiat stargardzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Stargard, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains four other towns: Chociwel, 26 km (16 mi) north-east of Stargard, Dobrzany, 27 km (17 mi) east of Stargard, Ińsko, 37 km (23 mi) east of Stargard, and Suchań, 21 km (13 mi) east of Stargard.

The county covers an area of 1,519.59 square kilometres (586.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 119,402, out of which the population of Stargard is 70,534, that of Chociwel is 3,285, that of Dobrzany is 2,420, that of Ińsko is 2,001, that of Suchań is 1,446, and the rural population is 39,716.
62 Cases of Jam v. United States
62 Cases of Jam v. United States, 340 U.S. 593 (1951), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that "imitation jam", so labeled, was not a "misbranded" product under § 403 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938,  21 U.S.C. § 343, even though it did not meet federal regulations for being fruit jam.

The form of the styling of this case—the defendant being an object, rather than a legal person—is because this is a jurisdiction in rem (power over objects) case, rather than the more familiar in personam (over persons) case.

Legal person
In law, a legal person is any person or legal entity that can do the things a human person is usually able to do in law – such as enter into contracts, sue and be sued, own property, and so on. The reason for the term "legal person" is that some legal persons are not human persons: companies and corporations (i.e., business entities) are persons, legally speaking (they can legally do most of the things an ordinary person can do), but they are not, in a literal sense, human beings.

Legal personhood is a prerequisite to legal capacity (the ability of any legal person to amend – i.e. enter into, transfer, etc. – rights and obligations): it is a prerequisite for an international organization being able to sign international treaties in its own name.
CDP Awards
The CDP Awards are a series of annual sporting awards given by the Sports Confederation of Portugal (Confederação do Desporto de Portugal, CDP) to highlight sporting achievements over the preceding year. In addition to honouring athletes and coaches nominated by the national sporting federations within Portugal, awards determined in-part by public voting are also presented. There are currently five awards open to voter participation: Sportsman of the Year, Sportswoman of the Year, and Coach of the Year awards, which were introduced in 2005, and the Young Promise and Team of the Year awards, introduced in 2006 and 2007 respectively.

The awards are presented at a ceremony held at the Casino Estoril in Cascais.

Confederação do Desporto de Portugal
The Confederação do Desporto de Portugal (Sport Confederation of Portugal) is a multi-sports confederation in Portugal. Each year this Institute promotes the Sports by awarding the athletes had better performances in that year.
Peja (priest)
Peja or Peyo (Bulgarian: Пейо, Serbian Cyrillic: Пеја; fl. 1515–23) was an Eastern Orthodox priest active in the Sanjak of Sofia (in the Ottoman Empire, now Bulgaria) in the early 16th century. He wrote the liturgical rite and biography (žitije) on Saint George of Kratovo between 1515 and 1523. The work was published by Serbian scholar and writer Stojan Novaković, transcribed from a manuscript held in the National Library of Serbia in Belgrade. Priest Peja was the spiritual guide and host of the young silversmith George from Kratovo, whom he taught the Bible. George was burnt alive on a pyre on 11 February 1515 after he refused to convert to Islam, due to which he later was proclaimed a New Martyr. Peja then moved from Sofia to Ravanica, the foundation and burial site of Prince Lazar of Serbia, whom he mentioned in his works regarding the Battle of Kosovo (1389).

Sanjak of Sofia
The Sanjak of Sofia (Turkish: Sofia Sancağı, Bulgarian: Софийски санджак) was one of the sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire which county town was Sofia. It was founded in 1393 and disestablished after the creation of the Principality of Bulgaria in 1878.
Raymond Woodard Brink
Raymond Woodard Brink (4 January 1890 in Newark, New Jersey – 27 December 1973 in La Jolla, California) was an American mathematician. His Ph.D. advisor at Harvard was George David Birkhoff.

Brink entered Kansas State College at age 14 and by age 19 had two bachelor's degrees and was employed as an instructor of mathematics in Moscow, Idaho; he taught at the state preparatory school of the University of Idaho. He returned to school  at Harvard and earned a doctorate in 1916 and was a longtime professor at the University of Minnesota, and also authored numerous math textbooks. He served as president of the Mathematical Association of America from 1941–42.

Mathematical Association of America
The Mathematical Association of America (MAA) is a professional society that focuses on mathematics accessible at the undergraduate level. Members include university, college, and high school teachers; graduate and undergraduate students; pure and applied mathematicians; computer scientists; statisticians; and many others in academia, government, business, and industry.

The MAA was founded in 1915 and is headquartered at 11 Dupont in the Dupont Circle neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The organization publishes mathematics journals and books, including the American Mathematical Monthly (established in 1894 by Benjamin Finkel), the most widely read mathematics journal in the world according to records on JSTOR.
Grace Gobbo
Grace Gobbo (born 1974 in Tabora, Tanzania) is an ethnobotanist studying traditional medicines used by healers in Tanzania. Gobbo works to interview healers and record the plants they use in an effort to identify indigenous plants for medicinal uses. Gobbo earned a Bachelor's degree in Development Studies from Kimmage Development Studies Centre and pursued further education at the Department of International Development at Maynooth University.

Tabora
Tabora is the capital of Tanzania's Tabora Region and is classified as a municipality by the Tanzanian government. It is also the administrative seat of Tabora Urban District. According to the 2012 census, the district had a population of 226,999.
Stéphane Lauzon
Stéphane Lauzon MP (born April 27, 1966) is a Canadian Liberal politician. Lauzon was elected to represent the riding of Argenteuil—La Petite-Nation in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2015 federal election.

Lauzon worked at the Canadian International Paper Company in the 1980s, and returned to school in 1992 to become a certified vocational instructor.  He worked in vocational training for twenty years thereafter, and then started a construction management company.  He has since also taken classes toward a bachelor's degree in business administration at the Université du Québec en Outaouais.

In 2009, he was elected to the city council of Gatineau.  From 2012 until his resignation in 2015 he chaired the municipal committee on sports and recreational matters.

Gatineau
Gatineau (/ˈɡætɪnoʊ/ GAT-in-oh; French: [ɡatino] ⓘ) is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is located on the northern bank of the Ottawa River, directly across from Ottawa, Ontario. Gatineau is the largest city in the Outaouais administrative region of Quebec and is also part of Canada's National Capital Region. As of 2021, Gatineau is the fourth-largest city in Quebec with a population of 291,041. Gatineau is also part of the Ottawa-Gatineau census metropolitan area with a population of 1,488,307, making it the fourth largest in Canada.

Gatineau is coextensive with a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) of the same name, whose geographical code is 81. It is the seat of the judicial district of Hull.

It is also the most bilingual (French-English) city in Canada.
Creagan na Beinne
Creagan na Beinne is a hill in the Scottish Highlands lying to the south-east of Loch Tay in the group of rolling hills and moors whose highest point in Ben Chonzie. However Creagan na Beinne stands on the other side of Glen Almond from its parent and hence has a considerable relative height.

The hill is a large convex dome, deeply cut by corries. The whole area is grouse moors and sheep country. The easiest way up the hill is from the north-west where the hamlet of Ardtalnaig lies by the shore of Loch Tay; the north-west ridge is a possible line of ascent and so is following the Gleann a' Chilleine to Dunan and climbing the south ridge.

Loch Tay
Loch Tay (Scottish Gaelic: Loch Tatha) is a freshwater loch in the central highlands of Scotland, in the Perth and Kinross and Stirling council areas, the largest body of fresh water in Perth and Kinross. The watershed of Loch Tay traditionally formed the historic province of Breadalbane.

It is a long, narrow loch about 14.55 miles (23.42 km) long, and typically around 1 to 1.5 miles (1.6 to 2.4 km) wide, following the line of the strath from the south-west to north-east.  It is the sixth-largest loch in Scotland by area and more than 150 metres (490 ft) deep at its deepest.
Lukas Sieper
Lukas Sieper (born 22 March 1997) is a German politician (Party of Progress). In the 2024 European Parliament election, he was elected as the lead candidate of his party and has since been a member of the 10th European Parliament.

Lead candidate
In politics, a lead candidate (German: Spitzenkandidat; Dutch: lijsttrekker, lit. 'list puller') is the candidate placed first on a party list. In parliamentary systems, it is often the party's nominee for the position of head of government, and the party chair or party leader.
Laryngeal consonant
Laryngeal consonants (a term often used interchangeably with guttural consonants) are consonants with their primary articulation in the general region of the larynx. The laryngeal consonants comprise the pharyngeal consonants (including the epiglottals), the glottal consonants, and for some languages uvular consonants.

The term laryngeal is often taken to be synonymous with glottal, but the larynx consists of more than just the glottis (vocal folds): it also includes the epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds.  In a broad sense, therefore, laryngeal articulations include the radical consonants, which involve the root of the tongue.  The diversity of sounds produced in the larynx is the subject of ongoing research, and the terminology is evolving.

The term laryngeal consonant is also used for laryngealized consonants articulated in the upper vocal tract, such as Arabic 'emphatics' and Korean 'tense' consonants.

Uvular consonant
Uvulars are consonants articulated with the back of the tongue against or near the uvula, that is, further back in the mouth than velar consonants.  Uvulars may be stops, fricatives, nasals, trills, or approximants, though the IPA does not provide a separate symbol for the approximant, and the symbol for the voiced fricative is used instead. Uvular affricates can certainly be made but are rare: they occur in most Turkic languages, most Persian languages, most Arabic languages, in some southern High-German dialects, as well as a few African and Native American languages. (Ejective uvular affricates occur as realizations of uvular stops in  Kazakh, Bashkir, Arabic dialects, Lillooet, or as allophonic realizations of the ejective uvular fricative in Georgian.) Uvular consonants are typically incompatible with advanced tongue root, and they often cause retraction of neighboring vowels.
Jean-Baptiste Ripart
Jean Baptiste Marie Joseph Solange Eugène Ripart (15 May 1815, Bessines – 17 October 1878, Bourges) was a French physician, botanist and mycologist.

During his career, he worked as a physician in Bourges. He conducted investigations of cryptogams and performed research of the genera Rosa and Rubus. With Pierre Alfred Déséglise (Rosa) and Léon Gaston Genevier (Rubus), he described numerous botanical species.

The mycological genera of Ripartitella Singer, 1947 and Ripartites P.Karst., 1879 as well as the former plant genus Ripartia Gdgr., 1881 (which is now a synonym of Rosa,), all commemorate his name.

Rolf Singer
Rolf Singer (June 23, 1906 – January 18, 1994) was a German mycologist and taxonomist of gilled mushrooms (agarics).

He wrote the book "The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy". He fled to various countries during the Nazi period, pursuing mycology in the Soviet Union, Argentina, and finally the United States, as mycologist at the Field Museum in Chicago.
Bernard Ramm
Bernard L. Ramm (1 August 1916 in Butte, Montana – 11 August 1992 in Irvine, California) was a Baptist theologian and apologist within the broad evangelical tradition. He wrote prolifically on topics concerned with biblical hermeneutics, religion and science, Christology, and apologetics. The hermeneutical principles presented in his 1956 book Protestant Biblical Interpretation influenced a wide spectrum of Baptist theologians. During the 1970s he was widely regarded as a leading evangelical theologian as well known as Carl F. H. Henry. His equally celebrated and criticized 1954 book The Christian View of Science and Scripture was the theme of a 1979 issue of the Journal of the American Scientific Affiliation, while a 1990 issue of Baylor University's Perspectives in Religious Studies was devoted to Ramm's views on theology.

American Scientific Affiliation
The American Scientific Affiliation (ASA) is a Christian religious organization of scientists and people in science-related disciplines. The stated purpose is "to investigate any area relating Christian faith and science." The organization publishes a journal, Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith which covers topics related to Christian faith and science from a Christian viewpoint.

Members of the organization are from various movements, such as evangelicalism, and represent several Christian traditions including the Lutherans, Catholics, Methodists, Presbyterians, Baptists, Anabaptists, and the Orthodox.

The organization frequently runs seminars such as at Baylor University, the Faraday Institute for Science and Religion in Cambridge, England, and The Catholic University of America.
1st Shorty Awards
The first Shorty Awards ceremony was held on February 11, 2009, at the Galapagos Art Space in Brooklyn, New York. Approximately 300 people attended the event. The event was hosted by CNN anchor Rick Sanchez and featured appearances by prominent Twitter users MC Hammer and Gary Vaynerchuk and a video appearance by Shaquille O'Neal. The awards, in 26 categories, were voted on by Twitter users.

Gary Vaynerchuk
Gary Vaynerchuk (born Gennady Alexandrovich Vaynerchuk, November 14, 1975;  commonly known by his alias Gary Vee) is an American businessman, author, speaker, and internet personality. He is a co-founder of the restaurant reservation software company, Resy, and Empathy Wines. First known as a wine critic who expanded his family's wine business, Vaynerchuk is now more known for his work in digital marketing and social media as the chairman of New York–based communications company VaynerX, and as CEO of VaynerX subsidiary VaynerMedia.
Officials implicated by the anti-corruption campaign in China (2012–2017)
Over one hundred officials of provincial-ministerial level and above have been implicated by the anti-corruption campaign in China, which began after the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in 2012. The number of officials implicated below the provincial level are much higher. The tables on this list includes only officials for which a case has been initiated by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).

General Logistics Department
General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army (GLD; Chinese: 中国人民解放军总后勤部) was a former chief organ under China's Central Military Commission. Before 2016, it organized and led the logistics construction and oversees housing, supplies, hospitals, and barracks of the People's Liberation Army. The department was disbanded in January 2016 and the new agency, Logistic Support Department of the Central Military Commission was founded.
2005 World Marathon Cup
The 2005 World Marathon Cup was the 11th edition of the World Marathon Cup of athletics and were held in Helsinki, Finland, inside of the 2005 World Championships. Athletes participated as teams in the men's and women's competitions, while medals were awarded by the International Association of Athletics Federations to individual world champions.

67 Runners from 11 countries (36 men and 31 women) formed the number of total athletes at the competition's start. Each country was permitted to present up to five runners in each of the two races. The sum results of their top three participants determined placement.

Moroccan runner Jaouad Gharib successfully defended his world championship title in the men's marathon, while Japan's national team won the Cup for the second consecutive time, beating their opponents from Kenya by eight minutes. Meanwhile, the Kenyan women's finished first, bringing Kenya its first team victory in the country's history of eleven World Marathon Cup appearances.

Jaouad Gharib
Jaouad Gharib (Arabic: جواد غريب, born 22 May 1972 in Khenifra, Morocco) is a Moroccan long-distance runner who competes in the marathon. Winner of the 2003 World Championships and 2005 World Championships over the distance, he is also notable because he only began running seriously at the age of twenty-two. His 2005 retention made him the second successive world championship marathon champion, after Abel Antón. He was the silver medallist in the marathon at the 2008 Summer Olympics.
2001 SEAT Open
The 2001 SEAT Open was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts in Kockelscheuer, Luxembourg which was part of Tier III of the 2001 WTA Tour. It was the 6th edition of the tournament and was held from 22 October until 28 October 2001. First-seeded Kim Clijsters won the singles title, her second at the event after 1999, and earned $27,000 first-prize money.

WTA Tier III tournaments
The WTA Tier III tournaments were Women's Tennis Association tennis third-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years due to tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled.

From 2009, most Tier III and Tier IV tournaments from previous seasons became WTA International Tournaments owing to a category change. The main reason for the changes was to ease the pressure on players in terms of the number of tournaments that they were required to play.
Velvel
Velvel (Yiddish: װעלװעל; also spelled װעלװל, Velvl; or Welwel) is a Yiddish masculine given name, meaning "little wolf." It is a diminutive of the name Volf, and often paired with the Hebrew name Benjamin.

Velvel is often used as a Yiddish form of William or Vladimir.

Vladimir
Vladimir (Russian: Влади́мир, Bulgarian: Владими́р, pre-1918 orthography: Владиміръ) is a masculine given name of Slavic origin, widespread throughout all Slavic nations in different forms and spellings. The earliest record of a person with the name is Vladimir of Bulgaria (r. 889–893).
Russian ship of the line Gangut (1825)
Gangut (Russian: Гангут) was an 84-gun ship of the line built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the early 1820s. She participated in the Battle of Navarino in 1827 and was credited with destroying three Ottoman ships. The ship was forced to return to the Baltic Sea for repairs and remained part of the Baltic Fleet for the rest of her career. Gangut was one of the ships deployed to Denmark during the First Schleswig War of 1848–50 to help preserve Denmark's territorial integrity against Prussia. The ship was converted to steam power in 1854–57 and she made one deployment to the Mediterranean in 1859–60 before she became a gunnery training ship in 1862. Gangut was stricken from the navy list in 1871 and sold for scrap.

Baltic Fleet
The Baltic Fleet (Russian: Балтийский флот, romanized: Baltiyskiy flot) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea.

Established 18 May 1703, under Tsar Peter the Great as part of the Imperial Russian Navy, the Baltic Fleet is the oldest Russian fleet. In 1918, the fleet was inherited by the Russian SFSR which then founded the Soviet Union in 1922, where it was eventually known as the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet as part of the Soviet Navy, as during this period it gained the two awards of the Order of the Red Banner. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Baltic Fleet was inherited by the Russian Federation and reverted to its original name as part of the Russian Navy.

The Baltic Fleet is headquartered in Kaliningrad and its main base is in Baltiysk (Pillau), both in Kaliningrad Oblast, while another base is in Kronstadt, Saint Petersburg, in the Gulf of Finland.