hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vocology
Vocology is the science and practice of vocal habilitation, or vocal training and therapy. Its concerns include the nature of speech and language pathology, the defects of the vocal tract (laryngology), the remediation of speech therapy, and the voice training (voice therapy) and voice pedagogy of song and speech for actors and public speakers.

In its broadest sense, vocology is the study of voice, but as a professional discipline it has a narrower focus: the science and practice of voice habilitation, which includes evaluation, diagnosis, and intervention.

Voice therapy
Voice therapy consists of techniques and procedures that target vocal parameters, such as vocal fold closure, pitch, volume, and quality. This therapy is provided by speech-language pathologists and is primarily used to aid in the management of voice disorders, or for altering the overall quality of voice, as in the case of transgender voice therapy. Vocal pedagogy is a related field to alter voice for the purpose of singing. Voice therapy may also serve to teach preventive measures such as vocal hygiene and other safe speaking or singing practices.
Angus Calder
Angus Lindsay Ritchie Calder (5 February 1942 – 5 June 2008) was a Scottish writer, historian, and poet. Initially studying English literature, he became interested in political history and wrote a landmark study on Britain during the Second World War in 1969 entitled The People's War. He subsequently wrote several other historical works but turned to literature and poetry and worked primarily as a writer, though often holding a number of university teaching positions. A socialist and Scottish nationalist, he was a prominent Scottish public intellectual during the 1970s and 1980s.

Intellectual
An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the nature of reality, especially the nature of society and proposed solutions for its normative problems. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by either rejecting, producing or extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values.
Reykjavik Open
The Reykjavik Open is an annual chess tournament that takes place in the capital city of Iceland. It was held every two years up to 2008, currently it runs annually. The first edition was held in 1964 and was won by Mikhail Tal with a score of 12.5 points out of 13. 
The tournament is currently played with the Swiss system, while from 1964 to 1980 and in 1992 it was a round-robin tournament.

The 2013 edition was voted the second best open tournament of the year in the world by the Association of Chess Professionals, behind Gibraltar Chess Festival.

The 2025 edition of this tournament was held from 9 April - 15 April 2025, at  Harpa Concert Hall and Conference Center in Reykjavík, Iceland. It was won by Parham Maghsoodloo.

Harpa (concert hall)
Harpa (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈhar̥pa], English: Harp) is a concert hall and conference centre in Reykjavík, Iceland. The opening concert was held on 4 May 2011. The building features a distinctive colored glass façade inspired by the basalt landscape of Iceland.
Bolshaya Areshevka
Bolshaya Areshevka (Russian: Большая Арешевка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Bolsheareshevsky Selsoviet, Kizlyarsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 1,565 as of 2010. There are 12 streets.

Kizlyarsky District
Kizlyarsky District (Russian: Кизля́рский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic. The area of the district is 3,047 square kilometers or 1,176 square miles. Its administrative center is the town of Kizlyar (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 67,287.
Mao Zemin
Mao Zemin (simplified Chinese: 毛泽民; traditional Chinese: 毛澤民; pinyin: Máo Zémín; April 3, 1896 – September 27, 1943), also using Zhou Bin (Chinese: 周彬; pinyin: Zhōu Bīn) as his alias, was the head of the state bank of the Chinese Soviet Republic in Ruijin and the Minister of National Economic Department. He was a younger brother of Mao Zedong and joined the Chinese Communist Party early on. During World War II, he was sent to Xinjiang by the Party central committee in 1938. He and Chen Tanqiu were arrested by the warlord Sheng Shicai while at Ürümqi, Xinjiang. Zemin was executed on September 27, 1943.

Ürümqi
Ürümqi is the capital and largest city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwestern China. With a census population of 4 million in 2020, Ürümqi is the second-largest city in China's northwestern interior after Xi'an, and the second-largest in Central Asia in terms of population, after Kabul, Afghanistan. Ürümqi has seen significant economic development since the 1990s and currently serves as a regional transport node and a cultural, political and commercial center.
Institut polytechnique des sciences avancées
The Institut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées (IPSA), (English: Institute of Polytechnic Science and Aeronautics; Occitan: Institut de Sciéncia Politécnica e Aeronautica) is a French private grande école in aerospace engineering located at Ivry-sur-Seine, Lyon and Toulouse, recognized by the French state since 2010, whose diploma has been accredited by the French Commission des Titres d'Ingénieur since 2011.
It was founded in 1961 and has been part of IONIS Education Group since 1998.

ESME-Sudria
48°42′30″N 2°09′50″E﻿ / ﻿48.70833°N 2.16389°E﻿ / 48.70833; 2.16389
The École Spéciale de Mécanique et d'Electricité (English: Special School of Mechanics and Electricity), also known as ESME Sudria is a French private grande école founded in 1905. It is a part of the IONIS Education Group.

Founded in 1905 by Joachim Sudria and certified by the State since 1922, the diploma is signed by the French Education Ministry and authorized by the "Commission des titres d'ingénieur". The ESME-Sudria is also member of the "Conférence des Grandes Écoles" and of the Union of Independent Grandes Écoles.

The school graduates students at different levels:

Bachelor of Science

Master of Engineering certified by the Order of Engineers

PhD (cooperation with University of Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée or University of Paris-Saclay)

Since 2006, the school has been part of the IONIS Institute of Technology from IONIS Education Group.
Einarsdóttir
Einarsdóttir is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bryndís Einarsdóttir (born 1958), Icelandic footballer

Freydís Halla Einarsdóttir (born 1994), Icelandic alpine ski racer

Hildigunnur Einarsdóttir (born 1988), Icelandic handball player

Hildur Vala Einarsdóttir (born 1982), Icelandic singer

Jóhanna Einarsdóttir (born 1952), Icelandic professor

Ólafía Einarsdóttir (1924–2017), Icelandic archaeologist

Sunneva Einarsdóttir (born 1990), Icelandic handball player

Svandís Dóra Einarsdóttir (born 1984), Icelandic actress

Thelma Björk Einarsdóttir (born 1990), Icelandic footballer

Sunneva Einarsdóttir
Sunneva Einarsdóttir (born January 3, 1990)  is an Icelandic team handball goalkeeper. She plays on the Icelandic national team, and participated at the 2011 World Women's Handball Championship in Brazil.
Pramod Thomas
Pramod J. Thomas is an Indian audio engineer and sound designer from Pandalam, Kerala. A graduate of the Film and Television Institute of India, Pune, he has worked across Hindi, Malayalam, Tamil and Marathi cinema since the late 1990s. He is known for his work on films including Rituparno Ghosh's Raincoat (2004), Anurag Kashyap's Dev.D (2009), and Shankar's Enthiran (2010).

He has received national and state-level recognition for his work in sound, including the National Film Award for Best Sound Design for Gandha (2008) and the Kerala State Film Award for Best Sound Mixing for Kaadu Pookkunna Neram (2016) and Aedan (2017).

Kerala State Film Awards
The Kerala State Film Awards  are the film awards for a motion picture made in Kerala. The awards were begun in 1969 by the Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Kerala and since 1998 the awards have been bestowed by Kerala State Chalachitra Academy on behalf of the Department of Cultural Affairs.

The awardees are decided by an independent jury formed by the academy and the Department of Cultural Affairs, Kerala. The jury usually consists of eminent personalities from the film field. For the awards for literature on cinema a separate jury is formed. The academy annually invites films for the award and the jury analyses the films that are submitted before deciding the winners. The awards intend to promote films with artistic values and encourage artists, technicians and producers. The awards are declared by the Minister for Cultural Affairs and are presented by the Chief Minister of Kerala.
Whale Rock Light
Whale Rock Light was a sparkplug lighthouse marking Whale Rock, a dangerous island in the entrance to the West Passage of Narragansett Bay in Washington County, Rhode Island.

The rock is now marked by Whale Rock Lighted Gong Buoy 3.

Caisson lighthouse
A caisson lighthouse (also referred to as a sparkplug lighthouse, or bug light) is a type of lighthouse whose superstructure rests on a concrete or metal caisson. Caisson lighthouses were developed in the late nineteenth century as a cheaper alternative to screwpile lighthouses. The caisson design was also more efficient as it could better withstand harsh weather, and was not as fragile. Caisson lighthouses usually have living quarters made of cast iron, although some brick examples are known. The two American nicknames were later coined because of the structure's shape.
G 1/83, G 5/83 and G 6/83
G 1/83, G 5/83 and G 6/83 are landmark decisions issued on 5 December 1984 by the Enlarged Board of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) on the patentability of second or further medical use of a known substance or composition. They deal with patent claims directed to such second or subsequent medical use, and, as explained in reason 22 of decision G 5/83, the Enlarged Board held that patent claims directed to such substances or compositions were allowable under the European Patent Convention (EPC) when worded as purpose-limited product claims, which are also referred to as "Swiss-type use claims". These decisions are the first decisions issued by the Enlarged Board of Appeal.

Patentability
Within the context of a national or multilateral body of law, an invention is patentable if it meets the relevant legal conditions to be granted a patent. By extension, patentability also refers to the substantive conditions that must be met for a patent to be held valid.
Hub van Doorne
Hubert Jozef ("Hub") van Doorne (1 January 1900 – 23 May 1979) was the founder of Van Doorne's Aanhangwagenfabriek (Trailer factory) and of Van Doorne's Automobielfabriek (vehicle factory) known as DAF, together with his brother Willem (Wim) van Doorne.

Deurne, Netherlands
Deurne (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdøːrnə] ⓘ) is a rural municipality and eponymous village in the province of North Brabant in the Netherlands. Including the villages of Liessel, Vlierden, Neerkant, and Helenaveen, Deurne had a population of 32,437 in 2021 and covers an area of 118.36 km2 (45.70 sq mi).
Tom Barrett (riding mechanic)
Thomas Barrett (21 November 1891 – 27 September 1924) was an English motor-racing riding mechanic. His death in the 1924 San Sebastian Grand Prix brought an end to the practice of riding mechanics in two-seat racing cars.

Racing in this early period was conducted between unreliable cars over long road courses, rather than by repeated laps of a dedicated short circuit. There was no nearby "pit lane" in which to conduct repairs and so it was necessary to carry a mechanic on board the car.

San Sebastián Grand Prix
The San Sebastián Grand Prix (Gran Premio de San Sebastián) was an automobile race held at the Circuito Lasarte in Lasarte-Oria, Spain.

During most of its existence, it was the main race event in Spain, since the Spanish Grand Prix had not yet been properly established as a Grand Prix race. The San Sebastián Grand Prix is sometimes retroactively counted as the Spanish Grand Prix, for those years when there was no Spanish Grand Prix held.

The 1926 edition was part of the World Manufacturers' Championship.

The eighth Grand Prix of San Sebastian was scheduled for July 25, 1930 but had to be cancelled due to the bad economic situation following the Wall Street crash in October 1929. Efforts were made and AIACR granted permission to still go ahead with the race on October 5, 1930. This was to be the last San Sebastián Grand Prix. When racing returned to the Lasarte circuit in 1933 it was as the Spanish Grand Prix.
State-X
State-X New Forms is an independent festival for independent music culture such as avant garde music, noise rock, indie rock, IDM, held in The Hague, Netherlands since 2004. The festival is a fusion of the two festivals State-X and New Forms both of which were held for 6 years. The first edition of the sold out State-X festival was organised by The Hague Pop Centre, (HPC), and took place in the year 2001 at The Korzo Theatre in The Hague. State-X was founded by Rob Vondracek and Michiel Breedveld and New Forms was organised by Paard van Troje and founded by Henk Koolen.

Yuri Landman
Yuri Landman (born 1 February 1973) is a Dutch inventor of musical instruments and musician who has made several experimental electric string instruments for a number of artists including Lee Ranaldo of Sonic Youth, Liars, Jad Fair of Half Japanese, Liam Finn, and Laura-Mary Carter. Besides his musical activities he is also a graphic novel artist.
2020 North vs South rugby union match
On 5 September 2020, was a rugby union match played between provinces on the North Island and the South Island of New Zealand. It was the eighty-first game between the islands and was the second one-off game after the fundraiser for the Otago Rugby Football Union in 2012 which the South won 32–24 at Forsyth Barr Stadium in Dunedin. The game along with Super Rugby Aotearoa supplants the 2020 Super Rugby season, which was suspended in March due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The second one-off was first considered by new All Blacks head coach Ian Foster on 4 June. On 30 June was then confirmed to be played at Eden Park on 29 August. The teams were coached by assistant coaches John Plumtree and Scott McLeod for the North, and Greg Feek and Brad Mooar for the South.

On 21 August, the match was postponed to 5 September and was reschedule to be played at Sky Stadium when the country moved back to level 2 and Auckland moved back to level 3.

Ian Foster (rugby union)
Ian Douglas Foster CNZM (born 1 May 1965) is a New Zealand professional rugby union coach and former player. He coached New Zealand to the final of the 2023 Rugby World Cup, where they lost to South Africa.

He played as a first five-eighth for a number of New Zealand clubs, namely Waikato and the Chiefs. Foster started his coaching career with Waikato. He also contributed to New Zealand's victory in the 2015 Rugby World Cup as an assistant coach. In 2025 Foster was appointed a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to rugby.
Coast of the Gods
The Coast of the Gods (Italian: Costa degli Dei or Costa Bella) a scenic section of the Mediterranean Sea coastline in Italy.

It specifically refers to a 55 kilometres (34 mi) section of the coastline along the southeastern edge of the Tyrrhenian Sea, overlooking the Aeolian Islands. It spans the length of the coastline of the Province of Vibo Valentia, within Calabria in southwestern Italy..

The cities along the coast, north to south, are:

Pizzo, Calabria

Vibo Valentia

Briatico

Zambrone

Parghelia

Tropea

Ricadi

Joppolo

Nicotera

Ricadi
Ricadi (Ancient Greek: Ρηγάδιον, romanized: Rigádion) is a small rural town, as well as a municipality, located along the Tyrrhenian coast, in the province of Vibo Valentia, in the Italian region of Calabria.
Jim Lewis (1930s pitcher)
James Loyd Lewis was an American Negro league pitcher who played in the 1930s.

Lewis made his Negro leagues debut in 1936 with the Pittsburgh Crawfords. He played for Pittsburgh again the following season, then finished his career in 1938 with the Philadelphia Stars.

Philadelphia Stars (baseball)
The Philadelphia Stars were a Negro league baseball team from Philadelphia. The Stars were founded in 1933 when Ed Bolden returned to professional black baseball after being idle since early 1930. The Stars were an independent ball club in 1933, a member of the Negro National League from 1934 until the League's collapse following the 1948 season, and affiliated with the Negro American League from 1949 to 1952.

In 1934, led by 20-year-old left-hander Slim Jones, the Stars defeated the Chicago American Giants in a controversial playoff series, four games to three, for the Negro National League pennant. At their high point in mid-1930s, the team starred such greats as Biz Mackey, Jud Wilson, and Dick Lundy. Following his release by Cleveland, Satchel Paige signed with the Stars in July 1950, before returning to the Majors with Bill Veeck and the St. Louis Browns.

The club disbanded after the 1952 season.
Lepi Mića
Miroslav Pržulj (Serbian Cyrillic: Мирослав Пржуљ; born 26 March 1959), better known as Lepi Mića (Serbian Cyrillic: Лепи Мића, lit. 'The Handsome Mića'), is a Bosnian Serb turbofolk singer-songwriter. He entered the music scene in Sarajevo in 1989 with his album Рулет среће (Roulette of luck). However, he would soon move to Belgrade, where he got married. In 2013, he was invited to the fifth season of the RTV Pink reality show Farma, but later kicked off for hate speech. He was also invited to the seventh season, which he lost. In his songs, he often criticizes the Croatian and Bosnian governments. He has written nine albums, five of which pertained to the Yugoslav Wars or Serbian nationalism.

Turbo-folk
Turbo-folk (Serbian Cyrillic: турбо-фолк) is a subgenre of contemporary South Slavic pop music that initially developed in Serbia during the 1990s as a fusion of techno and folk. The term "turbo-folk" was coined by Montenegrin singer Rambo Amadeus, who jokingly used it to describe an aggressive, satirical style of music. While primarily associated with Serbia, this style is also popular in other former Yugoslav nations. A widely cited 2011 article from Vice described turbo-folk as "Musik für Idioten" ("music for idiots").
Bakiribu
Bakiribu  (lit. 'comb') is an extinct genus of ctenochasmatid pterosaurs known from the Early Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian age) Romualdo Formation of Brazil. The genus contains a single species, Bakiribu waridza, known from the fragment remains of two individuals preserved in a regurgitalite. This indicates the pair may have been consumed by a spinosaurid theropod dinosaur. It represents the first member of the broader clade Archaeopterodactyloidea described from the Romualdo Formation. Bakiribu has a unique pattern of closely-packed comblike teeth in the upper and lower jaws that may have been used for filter feeding, similar to the closely related Pterodaustro.

Albian
The Albian is both an age of the geologic timescale and a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the youngest or uppermost subdivision of the Early/Lower Cretaceous Epoch/Series. Its approximate time range is 113.2 ± 0.3 Ma to 100.5 ± 0.1 Ma (million years ago). The Albian is preceded by the Aptian and followed by the Cenomanian.
Césaire Thérien
Césaire Thérien (January 12, 1824 – February 9, 1890) was a merchant and political figure in Quebec. He represented Laprairie in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1867 to 1871 as a Conservative member.

He was born in L'Assomption, Lower Canada, the son of Jean-Baptiste Thérien and Apolline Gariépy. Thérien married Marie-Félonise Colette in 1852. He worked as a clerk in his father-in-law Paul Colette's store before establishing himself as a merchant in Saint-Isidore. Thérien was mayor of Saint-Isidore from 1866 to 1868. After the death of his first wife, he married Ézilda Mazurette, dit Lapierre. He died in Verchères at the age of 66.

His widow married Louis Duhamel, who also served in the Quebec assembly.

L'Assomption
L'Assomption (French pronunciation: [lasɔ̃psjɔ̃]) is an off-island suburb of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada on the L'Assomption River. It is the seat of the Regional County Municipality of L'Assomption.  It is located on the outer fringes of the Montreal urban area.

Most of the economy depends on the  agricultural industries of the surrounding plains.  It is also the cultural centre of the region.
Sean Coyle (baseball)
Sean Edward Coyle (born January 17, 1992) is an American former professional baseball second baseman. Listed at 5' 8" (1.70 m), 175 lb. (79 k), Coyle batted and threw right handed. He was born in Chalfont, Pennsylvania.

Chalfont, Pennsylvania
Chalfont is a borough with home rule status in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 4,253 at the 2020 census. The borough is served by SEPTA Regional Rail's Lansdale/Doylestown Line at Chalfont station.

Chalfont is named after Chalfont St Giles in Buckinghamshire, England. Chalfont was the home of William Penn's first wife, and William Penn is buried at Jordans Quaker Meeting House near Chalfont St Giles.
Government of Abdolhossein Hazhir
The government led by Prime Minister Abdolhossein Hazhir was formed on 15 June 1948 and replaced the cabinet of Ebrahim Hakimi. It is one of the short-lived cabinets in the Pahlavi Iran and was dissolved on 6 November 1948 when the Prime Minister Hazhir resigned from office. Mohammad Sa'ed formed the next cabinet.

Abdolhossein Hazhir
Abdolhossein Hazhir (Persian: عبدالحسین هژیر‎; 4 June 1902 – 5 November 1949) was an Iranian politician who served as the Prime Minister of Iran under Mohammad Reza Pahlavi in 1948, having been a minister 10 times. One of his posts was the minister of finance.

During Hazhir's premiership in 1948 his policies were harshly criticized by Ayatollah Kashani who was one of the clerics close to the Fada'iyan-e Islam's leader Navvab Safavi. He was also subject to the criticisms of media outlets. One of them was a satirical magazine entitled Tawfiq which was closed by the government due to its frequent cartoons mocking Prime Minister Hazhir. In November 1949, while serving as minister of royal court, Hazhir was assassinated at the Sepahsalar Mosque, Tehran. The perpetrator was found to be Seyyed Hossein Emami Esfahani, a member of Fada'iyan-e Islam, an Islamist militant organization led by Navvab Safavi.
Kanji, Ladakh
Kanji is a village in the Leh district of the union territory of Ladakh in India. It is located in the Khalsi tehsil, and can be accessed through the village of Heniskot which lies on the Srinagar-Kargil-Leh highway.

The village has a small number of families who farm the immediate area. The village is situated on an altitude of 3875 m, and is a campsite on the Kanji la and Shilakong gorge treks.

Leh
Leh (English: /'leɪ/, Hindi: ['leː(ɦ)]) is a city in Indian-administered Ladakh in the disputed Kashmir region.   It is the largest city and the joint capital of Ladakh.   It has been the capital of Ladakh since the Medieval Period. Leh, located in the Leh district, was also the historical capital of the Kingdom of Ladakh. The seat of the kingdom, Leh Palace, the former residence of the royal family of Ladakh, was built in the same style and about the same time as the Potala Palace in Tibet. Since they were both constructed in a similar style and at roughly the same time, the Potala Palace in Tibet and Leh Palace, the royal residence, are frequently contrasted. Leh is at an altitude of 3,524 m (11,562 ft), and is connected via National Highway 1 to Srinagar in the southwest and to Manali in the south via the Leh-Manali Highway (part of National Highway 3).