hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giuseppe Puzone
Giuseppe Puzone (12 February 1820 – 17 October 1914) was an Italian opera composer and conductor active in Naples, the city of his birth. He was for many years the principal conductor of the Teatro San Carlo where his opera Elfrida di Salerno had premiered in 1849. He composed three other operas, all of which premiered in Naples, as well as sacred and symphonic music.

Teatro Nuovo (Naples)
The Teatro Nuovo (New Theatre) is a theatre located on Via Montecalvario in the Quartieri Spagnoli district of Naples. The original theatre was an opera house designed by Domenico Antonio Vaccaro. Completed in 1724, it was also known as the Teatro Nuovo sopra Toledo and the Teatro Nuovo de Montecalvario. The theatre specialised in the opera buffa genre and saw the world premieres of hundreds of operas in its heyday. These included fifteen of Cimarosa's operas and seven of Donizetti's. The present theatre is the third to have been erected on the site following its destruction by fire in 1861 and again in 1935.
Pärnilla Larsson
Pärnilla Larsson  (born 19 February 1969) is a Swedish footballer who played as a midfielder for the Sweden women's national football team. She was part of the team at the 1991 FIFA Women's World Cup. At the club level, she played for Gideonsbergs IF in Sweden.

Sweden women's national football team
The Sweden women's national football team (Swedish: Svenska damfotbollslandslaget), nicknamed Blågult ("The Blue-Yellow"), represents Sweden at international women's association football competitions. It was established in 1973 and is governed by the Swedish Football Association.

The team has represented Sweden at the FIFA Women's World Cup on nine occasions. They were runners-up in 2003 and bronze medalists in 1991, 2011, 2019, and 2023. Sweden have been to seven Olympic Games, winning silver medals in 2016 and 2021. On the continental level, the team has participated in the UEFA Women's Euro eleven times, becoming champions in 1984 and finishing in second place in 1987, 1995, and 2001. They have also competed in the UEFA Women's Nations League since the inaugural 2023–24 season.
Mine Hill and Schuylkill Haven Railroad
The Mine Hill & Schuylkill Haven Railroad (MH&SH) was operating by April 1831 in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, from above Mine Hill Gap (north of Minersville) to Schuylkill Haven on the Schuylkill Canal. This railroad was developed by the New York and Schuylkill Coal Co., and was one of the important early "lateral" railroads of Schuylkill County which were constructed to accommodate the Schuylkill canal (in this case located at Schuylkill Haven) with coal tonnage from the more remote areas where mines were operating. In 1862 the MH&SH was leased by the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company (P&RR) and became part of its operation system.

Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania
Schuylkill County (/ˈskuːlkɪl/, locally /-kəl/; Pennsylvania Dutch: Schulkill Kaundi) is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 143,049. The county seat is Pottsville. The county is part of the Northeast Pennsylvania region of the state.

The county is part of the Pottsville micropolitan statistical area, and borders eight  counties: Berks and Lebanon counties to its south, Dauphin and Northumberland counties to its west, Columbia and Luzerne counties to its north, and Carbon and Lehigh counties to its east. The county is approximately 47 miles (76 km) west of Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and 97 miles (156 km) northwest of Philadelphia, the state's largest city.

The county was created on March 1, 1811, from parts of Berks and Northampton counties and named for the Schuylkill River, which originates in the county. On March 3, 1818, additional territory in its northeast was added from Columbia and Luzerne counties.
Ted Chiang
Ted Chiang (Chinese: 姜峯楠; pinyin: Jiāng Fēngnán; born 1967) is an American science fiction writer. His work has won four Nebula awards, four Hugo awards, the John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer, and six Locus awards. He has published the short story collections Stories of Your Life and Others (2002) and Exhalation: Stories (2019). His short story "Story of Your Life" was the basis of the film Arrival (2016). He was an artist in residence at the University of Notre Dame from 2020 to 2021. Chiang is also a frequent non-fiction contributor to the New Yorker, where he writes on topics related to computing such as artificial intelligence.

Locus Award
The Locus Awards are an annual set of literary awards voted on by readers of the science fiction and fantasy magazine Locus, a monthly magazine based in Oakland, California. The awards are presented at an annual banquet.

Originally a poll of Locus subscribers only, voting is now open to anyone, but the votes of subscribers count twice as much as the votes of non-subscribers. The award was inaugurated in 1971, and was originally intended to provide suggestions and recommendations for the Hugo Awards. They have come to be considered a prestigious prize in science fiction, fantasy and horror literature. The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction regards the Locus Awards as sharing the stature of the Hugo and Nebula Awards.

Gardner Dozois holds the record for the most wins (43), while Neil Gaiman has won the most awards for works of fiction (18). Robert Silverberg has received the  highest number of nominations (158).
Frank N. Freeman
Frank Nugent Freeman (April 17, 1880 – October 17, 1961) was a Canadian-born American educational psychologist. He taught at the University of Chicago from 1909 to 1939, and served as dean of the University of California, Berkeley's Graduate School of Education from then until 1948. Among his most notable books are Mental Tests: Their History, Principles and Applications (1926) and Twins: A Study of Heredity and Environment (1937).

UC Berkeley School of Education
The University of California, Berkeley School of Education, or the Berkeley School of Education (BSE), is one of fifteen schools and colleges at the University of California, Berkeley, a public research university in Berkeley, California. The BSE specializes in teacher training and education research.

Prior to its name change in June 2022, the school was known as the Graduate School of Education (GSE).
Zorocratidae
Zorocratidae is a formerly accepted family of spiders. Most of the genera formerly placed in this family have been transferred to the family Udubidae. The type genus, Zorocrates, is now placed in the Zoropsidae.

Campostichomma Karsch, 1891 → Udubidae

Raecius Simon, 1892 → Udubidae

Uduba Simon, 1880 → Udubidae

Zorocrates Simon, 1888 → Zoropsidae

Zorodictyna Strand, 1907 → Udubidae

Ferdinand Karsch
Ferdinand Anton Franz Karsch (2 September 1853, in Münster – 20 December 1936, in Berlin) was a German arachnologist, entomologist and anthropologist. He also wrote on human and animal sexual diversity with his mother's maiden name included as Ferdinand Karsch-Haack from around 1905.
Diocese of San Marino-Montefeltro
The Diocese of San Marino-Montefeltro (Latin: Dioecesis Sammarinensis-Feretrana), known until 1977 as the Diocese of Montefeltro, is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church in both Italy and San Marino. It is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Ravenna-Cervia. The current diocese includes all the parishes of San Marino.

It has its collegiate cathedral episcopal see S. Bartolomeo, dedicated to the Apostle St. Bartholomew, in Pennabilli, Rimini, Emilia Romagna, and two co-cathedrals:

the church of San Leo, located in the nearby Italian town of that name, once the cathedral of the former see.

the Basilica di San Marino, in the City of San Marino. This is a minor basilica and World Heritage Site.

Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
Lamb Dicke regime
In ion trapping and atomic physics experiments, the Lamb Dicke regime (or Lamb Dicke limit) is a quantum regime within an atom-light field system in which the spatial extent of the atom's wavefunction is much smaller than the wavelength of the addressing light field. In this regime, the coupling between an ion or atom's internal qubit states and its motional states is sufficiently small so that transitions that change the motional quantum number by more than one are strongly suppressed.

This condition is quantitively expressed by the inequality

where  is the Lamb–Dicke parameter and  is the motional quantum number of the ion or atom's harmonic oscillator state.

Quantum number
In quantum physics and chemistry, quantum numbers are quantities that characterize the possible states of the system. 
To fully specify the state of the electron in a hydrogen atom, four quantum numbers are needed. The traditional set of quantum numbers includes the principal, azimuthal, magnetic, and spin quantum numbers. To describe other systems, different quantum numbers are required. For subatomic particles, one needs to introduce new quantum numbers, such as the flavour of quarks, which have no classical correspondence.

Quantum numbers are closely related to eigenvalues of observables. When the corresponding observable commutes with the Hamiltonian of the system, the quantum number is said to be "good", and acts as a constant of motion in the quantum dynamics.
Kentucky's 21st Senate district
Kentucky's 21st Senatorial district is one of 38 districts in the Kentucky Senate. Located in the southern part of the state, it comprises the counties of Casey, Laurel, Lincoln, and Rockcastle. It has been represented by Brandon J. Storm (R–London) since 2021. As of 2023, the district had a population of 119,241.

Casey County, Kentucky
Casey County is a county located in the U.S. Commonwealth of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,941.  Its county seat is Liberty. The county was formed in 1806 from the western part of Lincoln County and named for Colonel William Casey, a pioneer settler who moved his family to Kentucky in 1779. It is the only Kentucky county entirely in the Knobs region. Casey County is home to annual Casey County Apple Festival. It is considered part of the Appalachian region of Kentucky.
Hibbertia axillaris
Hibbertia axillaris is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to northern Western Australia. It is usually a multi-stemmed shrublet with ridged branchlets, foliage covered with scales and rosette-like hairs and mostly elliptic to lance-shaped leaves. The flowers are arranged singly in leaf axils, with forty-two to fifty stamens arranged around the three carpels.

Rosette (botany)
In botany, a rosette is a circular arrangement of leaves or of structures resembling leaves.

In flowering plants, rosettes usually sit near the soil, but they can also be at the top of an otherwise leafless branch or trunk. Their structure is an example of a modified stem in which the internode gaps between the leaves do not expand, so that all the leaves remain clustered tightly together and at a similar height. Some insects induce the development of galls that are leafy rosettes.

In bryophytes and algae, a rosette results from the repeated branching of the thallus as the plant grows, resulting in a circular outline.
Egg incubation
Egg incubation is the process by which an egg, of oviparous (egg-laying) animals, develops an embryo within the egg, after the egg's formation and ovipositional release. Egg incubation is done under favorable environmental conditions, possibly by brooding and hatching the egg.

Multiple and various factors are vital to the incubation of various species of animal. In many species of reptile for example, no fixed temperature is necessary, but the actual temperature determines the sex ratio of the offspring. In birds, the sex of offspring is genetically determined, but in many species a constant and particular temperature is necessary for successful incubation. Especially in poultry, the act of sitting on eggs to incubate them is called brooding. The action or behavioral tendency to sit on a clutch of eggs is also called broodiness, and most egg-laying breeds of poultry have had this behavior selectively bred out of them to increase production.

Ovipositor
The ovipositor is  a tube-like organ used by some animals, especially insects, for the laying of eggs. In insects, an ovipositor consists of a maximum of three pairs of appendages.  The details and morphology of the ovipositor vary, but typically its form is adapted to functions such as preparing a place for the egg, transmitting the egg, and then placing it properly.  For most insects, the organ is used merely to attach the egg to some surface, but for many parasitic species (primarily in wasps and other Hymenoptera), it is a piercing organ as well.

Some ovipositors only retract partly when not in use, and the basal part that sticks out is known as the scape, or more specifically oviscape, the word scape deriving from the Latin word scāpus, meaning "stalk" or "shaft".
Ember (surname)
Ember is a surname. People with this surname include:

Carol R. Ember (born 1943), American cultural anthropologist, cross-cultural researcher, writer, and organization executive; wife of Melvin

József Ember (1908–1982) Hungarian football coach

Melvin Ember (1933–2009), American cultural anthropologist, cross-cultural researcher, writer, and editor; husband of Carol

Zoltán Ember (1962–2015), Hungarian serial killer

Melvin Ember
Melvin Lawrence Ember (January 13, 1933 – September 27, 2009) was an American cultural anthropologist and cross-cultural researcher with wide-ranging interests who combined an active research career with writing for nonprofessionals.
Le Rouet d'Omphale
Le Rouet d'Omphale (The Spinning Wheel of Omphale or Omphale's Spinning Wheel), Op. 31, is a symphonic poem for orchestra, composed by Camille Saint-Saëns in 1871.  It is one of the most famous of the four symphonic poems in a mythological series by Saint-Saëns. The other three in the series are Danse macabre, Phaéton, and La jeunesse d'Hercule. The work was printed by Éditions Durand with the dedication 'à Mademoiselle Augusta Holmès'.

Augusta Holmès
Augusta Mary Anne Holmès (16 December 1847 – 28 January 1903) was a French composer of Irish descent. In 1871, while living with the poet Catulle Mendès, Holmès became a French national and added the accent to her last name. She also published music under the name Hermann Zenta. She wrote the texts to almost all of her vocal music herself, including songs, oratorios, the libretto of her opera La Montagne noire and the programmatic poems for her symphonic poems including Irlande and Andromède.
Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase
Nucleoside-diphosphate kinases (NDPKs, also NDP kinase, (poly)nucleotide kinases and nucleoside diphosphokinases) are enzymes that catalyze the exchange of terminal phosphate between different nucleoside diphosphates (NDP) and triphosphates (NTP) in a reversible manner to produce nucleotide triphosphates. Many NDP serve as acceptor while NTP are donors of phosphate group. The general reaction via ping-pong mechanism is as follows: XDP + YTP ←→ XTP + YDP (X and Y each represent different nitrogenous base). NDPK activities maintain an equilibrium between the concentrations of different nucleoside triphosphates such as, for example, when guanosine triphosphate (GTP) produced in the citric acid (Krebs) cycle is converted to adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Other activities include cell proliferation, differentiation and development, signal transduction, G protein-coupled receptor, endocytosis, and gene expression.

Endocytosis
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell. The material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of cell membrane, which then buds off inside the cell to form a vesicle containing the ingested materials. Endocytosis includes pinocytosis (cell drinking) and phagocytosis (cell eating). It is a form of active transport.
Jenny Cheshire
Jenny L. Cheshire  is a British sociolinguist and emeritus professor of linguistics at Queen Mary University of London. Her research interests include language variation and change, language contact and dialect convergence, and language in education, with a focus on conversational narratives and spoken English. She is most known for her work on grammatical variation, especially syntax and discourse structures, in adolescent speech and on Multicultural London English.

Dialect levelling in Britain
Dialect levelling is the means by which dialect differences decrease. For example, in rural areas of Britain, although English is widely spoken, the pronunciation and the grammar have historically varied.  During the twentieth century, more people moved into towns and cities, standardising English.  Dialect levelling can develop by the influence of various types of media.
Steel Lake (Ontario)
Steel Lake is a very long, narrow lake in northwestern Ontario, Canada.  It is located in Thunder Bay District, east of Nipigon and Red Rock, and west of Manitouwadge. It is part of the Steel River system, situated just downstream and north of the equally long and narrow Cairngorm Lake. The lake's outlet is in the extreme north end, at which point the Steel River turns 180 degrees and flows due south.

The lake and a 200 metres (660 ft) wide strip of land along its shores are protected within the Steel River Provincial Park.

Nipigon
Nipigon (/ˈnɪpɪɡən/) is a township in Thunder Bay District, Northwestern Ontario, Canada, located along the west side of the Nipigon River and south of the small Helen Lake running between Lake Nipigon and Lake Superior. Lake Nipigon is located approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Nipigon. Located at latitude 49.0125° N, Nipigon is the northernmost community on the Great Lakes.

A communications tower near Nipigon broadcasts a local radio station and television channels from Thunder Bay, including CKPR (TBT), CFNO and CBQT.

The Nipigon Crater or Crater Nipigon on Mars is named after this town.
Michigan's 8th House of Representatives district
Michigan's 8th House of Representatives district (also referred to as Michigan's 8th House district) is a legislative district within the Michigan House of Representatives located in parts of Oakland and Wayne counties. The district was created in 1965, when the Michigan House of Representatives district naming scheme changed from a county-based system to a numerical one.

Oakland County, Michigan
Oakland County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is a principal county of the Detroit metropolitan area, containing the bulk of Detroit's northern suburbs. Its county seat is Pontiac, and its largest city is Troy. As of the 2020 census, its population 1,274,395, making it the second-most populous county in Michigan (behind neighboring Wayne County), and the most populous county in the United States without a city of 100,000 residents.

Founded in 1819 and organized the following year, Oakland County is composed of 62 cities, villages, and townships. In 2010, Oakland County was among the ten wealthiest counties in the United States to have over one million residents. It is also home to Oakland University, a large public institution that straddles the border between the cities of Auburn Hills and Rochester Hills.
Odd W. Surén
Odd Wilhelm Surén (born 8 March 1961) is a Norwegian novelist, short story writer and non-fiction writer. He made his literary debut in 1985 with the short story collection Fanger og opprørere. Among his novels are Dråper i havet from 1998, and For hva det er verdt from 2010.

He was awarded Mads Wiel Nygaards Endowment in 2001.

A literary critic for the weekly newspaper Dag og Tid, he received the Norwegian Literature Critics Award for 2013.

Dag og Tid
Dag og Tid (English: Day and Time) is a national weekly newspaper in Norway that uses the Nynorsk standard of the Norwegian language.

Dag og Tid was founded in 1962. Contrary to most other Norwegian newspapers, its circulation has recently increased significantly, nearly doubling over the last two decades.
Fencing at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's sabre
The men's sabre was a competition in fencing at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. A total of 39 men from 21 nations competed in this event. Nations had been limited to three fencers each since 1928. Competition took place in the Fencing Hall at the Helliniko Olympic Complex on August 14. The event was won by Aldo Montano of Italy, the nation's first victory in the men's sabre since 1920 (and second overall). Montano accomplished what his grandfather (Aldo Montano) and father (Mario Aldo Montano), both world champions in the individual event and Olympic medalists in the team competition, had not been able to: Olympic gold in the individual event. Zsolt Nemcsik of Hungary took silver while Vladislav Tretiak earned Ukraine's first medal in the event with his bronze. France's five-Games medal streak ended.

Zsolt Nemcsik
Zsolt Nemcsik (born 15 August 1977 in Budapest) is a Hungarian sabre fencer. He competed at three Olympic Games.

Nemcsik's two greatest accomplishments is winning the silver medal in the 2004 Olympic Games after losing to Aldo Montano in the final, and also winning the gold medal in the 2007 World Fencing Championships after beating France in the final.

In 2010 he moved to Frascati, joining the local fencing club. While continuing his career as an athlete, he's now also involved in teaching.
Nallamala Forest
Nallamala Forest is located in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It is part of the Eastern Ghats. Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve is the largest tiger reserve in India and is spread across districts of Nandyal, Kadapa, Prakasam, Palnadu, Nalgonda, and Nagarkurnool.

As It is one of the oldest forests in India it has seen the downfall and rise of ancient empires as well as seen the era of warriors battle and spiritual saints journey. In Telugu the local language of Andhra pradesh nallamala means black hills which describe dense and dark nature.

Nandyal district
Nandyal district is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh with Nandyal as its administrative headquarters, it was formed on 4 April 2022 to become one of the resultant 26 districts. It is part of the Rayalaseema region. The district consists of Nandyal revenue division and a newly formed Dhone revenue division, Banaganapalle revenue division and Atmakur revenue division from Kurnool district.
Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's 200 metres T35
The men's 200 metres T35 event at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris, took place on 7 September 2024.

The T35 category is for ambulant athletes with cerebral palsy. The typical T35 athlete may need assistive devices for walking. The athlete may have sufficient function to run but demonstrates poor balance.

T35 (classification)
T35 (T for track) is a disability sport classification for disability athletics' running competitions. It includes people who have coordination impairments such as hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis. This includes people with cerebral palsy. The classification is used at the Paralympic Games. The corresponding F35 classification (F for (in)Field) includes club and discus throw, shot put, and javelin.
Ernest Maxin
Ernest Maxin (22 August 1923 – 27 September 2018) was a British television producer, director, dancer and choreographer. He is best known for his work in the 1960s and 1970s with Kathy Kirby, Dick Emery, Dave Allen, Les Dawson, and Morecambe and Wise.

Les Dawson
Leslie Dawson (2 February 1931 – 10 June 1993) was an English comedian, actor, writer, presenter, and pianist.  He was known for his deadpan style, curmudgeonly persona, musical routines, and jokes about his mother-in-law and wife.