hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Disarmament in Somalia
After two decades of violence and civil war (which began in 1986) and after the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) of Somalia captured Mogadishu and Kismayo, the TFG attempted to disarm the militias of the country in late 2006. According to the UN/World Bank's Joint Needs Assessment (JNA) coordination secretariat, "the total estimated number of militias [militia members] to be demobilized is 53,000." In 2005, they estimated that "there are 11–15,000 militia people controlling Mogadishu (out of national estimates ranging from 50,000 to 200,000)."

Arms control
Arms control is a term for international restrictions upon the development, production, stockpiling, proliferation and usage of small arms, conventional weapons, and weapons of mass destruction. Arms control is typically exercised through the use of diplomacy which seeks to impose such limitations upon consenting participants through international treaties and agreements, although it may also comprise efforts by a nation or group of nations to enforce limitations upon a non-consenting country.
Cecil Purdy
C.J.S. (Cecil John Seddon) Purdy AM (27 March 1906 – 6 November 1979) was an Australian chess player and writer. He was awarded the International Master title in 1951 and the Grandmaster of Correspondence Chess title in 1959. Purdy was the first world correspondence chess champion. He was also an influential chess magazine writer, editor, and publisher.

World Correspondence Chess Championship
The World Correspondence Chess Championship determines the World Champion in correspondence chess. Men and women of any age are eligible to contest the title. The official World Correspondence Chess Championship is managed by the International Correspondence Chess Federation (ICCF).

The world championship comprises four stages: Preliminaries, Semi-Finals, Candidates' Tournament, and Final. ICCF tournament rules define which players can access each stage. The first-, second- and third-placed finishers from the previous Final, and the first- and second-placed finishers from the Candidates' Tournaments have access to the World Correspondence Chess Championship Final.

The ICCF also manages the Ladies World Correspondence Chess Championships, that comprises Semi-Finals and Final.
John Eveleigh (MP)
John Eveleigh (c. 1511–1586), of Holcombe in Ottery St. Mary, Devon, was an English politician, a feodary and attorney.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Totnes in April 1554 and for Tavistock in November 1554.

Totnes (UK Parliament constituency)
Totnes was a parliamentary constituency in Devon represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament.

Under the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the constituency name was abolished. With to minor boundary changes, it was renamed South Devon at the 2024 general election.
Gasimbey Mosque
The Gasimbey Mosque is a mosque and historical architectural monument, located in the city of Baku, Azerbaijan.

Completed in 1896, the mosque was included in the list of local significant immovable historical and cultural monuments by decision No. 132 of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan on August 2, 2001.

Abandoned during Soviet occupation, after Azerbaijan regained its independence, the building resumed its purpose as a mosque.

Cabinet of Azerbaijan
The Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Nazirlər Kabineti) is the highest executive body of Azerbaijan, the executive and governing body over the ministries and other central executive bodies under the president of the Republic of Azerbaijan. According to Article 119 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Cabinet of Ministers is responsible for preparing and submitting the draft state budget to the President, as well as ensuring its execution. It is also tasked with implementing the country's financial, credit, and monetary policies, along with carrying out state economic and social allowance programs. Additionally, the Cabinet supervises ministries and other central executive authorities, holding the power to annul their acts if necessary.
Guató language
Guató (Guató: go-t͡ʃéuvɨ́ i-ótɨ́) is a language isolate spoken by two of the Guató people of Brazil. It has variously been claimed to be of Macro-Jê or isolate affiliation. Guató is a VSO language, has agglutination, and has ergative alignment.

Verb–subject–object word order
In linguistic typology, a verb–subject–object (VSO) language has its most typical sentences arrange their elements in that order, as in Ate Sam apples (Sam ate apples). VSO is the third-most common word order among the world's languages, after SOV (as in Hindi and Japanese) and SVO (as in English and Mandarin Chinese).
Coccothrinax munizii
Coccothrinax munizii is a species of palm tree that is endemic to eastern Cuba.  Like other members of the genus Coccothrinax, C. munizii is a fan palm.  It grows on rocky hills or in dry scrub forest on limestone.

Henderson and colleagues (1995) considered C. munizii to be a synonym of Coccothrinax ekmanii.

Cuban dry forests
The Cuban dry forests are a tropical dry forest ecoregion that occupies 65,800 km2 (25,400 sq mi) on Cuba and Isla de la Juventud.  The ecoregion receives 1,000–2,000 mm (39–79 in) of rainfall annually.  Cuban dry forests can be differentiated into evergreen forests, semi-deciduous forests, mogotes, and sclerophyllous low forests.
Sol3 Mio
SOL3 MIO (stylised as SOLΞ MIO) is a New Zealand musical trio consisting of Moses Mackay, Pene Pati and Amitai Pati. Of Samoan descent and classically trained, Moses is a baritone, and the Pati brothers are operatic tenors.

Samoans
Samoans or Samoan people (Samoan: tagata Sāmoa) are the Indigenous Polynesian people of the Samoan Islands, an archipelago in Polynesia, who speak the Samoan language. The group's home islands are politically and geographically divided between the Independent State of Samoa and American Samoa, an unincorporated territory of the United States of America. Though divided by national border, the culture and language are the same.

The Samoan people and culture form a vital link and stepping stone in the formation and spread of Polynesian culture, language and religion throughout Eastern Polynesia.

Polynesian trade, religion, war, and colonialism are important markers within Polynesian culture that are almost certainly rooted in the Samoan culture. Samoa's ancient history with the kingdom of Tonga, chiefdoms of Fiji and French Polynesia form the basis of modern Polynesian culture.
Dlažkovice
Dlažkovice is a municipality and village in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

Dlažkovice lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) south-west of Litoměřice, 23 km (14 mi) south of Ústí nad Labem, and 53 km (33 mi) north-west of Prague.

Litoměřice
Litoměřice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈlɪtomɲɛr̝ɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Leitmeritz) is a town in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 23,000 inhabitants. It is located at the confluence of the Elbe and Ohře rivers. In the Middle Ages, it was a royal town of great political, cultural and economic importance. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation. The town is the seat of the Diocese of Litoměřice.
BMS‐986122
BMS‐986122 is a selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR).

MOR PAMs like BMS-986122 could be useful as novel analgesics with reduced side effects compared to conventional opioid analgesics. However, the potential specifically of BMS-986121 and BMS-986122 as pharmaceutical drugs may be restricted due to their complex synthesis.

Side effect
In medicine, a side effect is an unintended effect caused by a medicinal drug or other treatment's capacities or properties, and these effects are often adverse but sometimes beneficial. Herbal and traditional medicines also have side effects.

A drug or procedure usually used for a specific effect may be used specifically because of a beneficial side-effect; this is termed "off-label use" until such use is approved. For instance, X-rays have long been used as an imaging technique; the discovery of their oncolytic capability led to their use in radiotherapy for ablation of malignant tumours.
2VSB
In telecommunications, 2VSB is an abbreviation for 2-level vestigial sideband modulation, a transmission method capable of transmitting one bit (21=2) at a time.

Other faster but less rugged forms include 4VSB, 8VSB, and 16VSB.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Deedra Irwin
Deedra Irwin (born 27 May 1992 in Pulaski, Wisconsin) is an American biathlete. She competed at the 2022 Winter Olympics in women's mass start, women's relay, women's pursuit, women's individual, and women's sprint. She finished 7th in the women's individual event, which is the highest ever placing for a United States athlete in any international biathlon championship.

She graduated from the Michigan Technological University. She is a sergeant in the Vermont Army National Guard.

She competed at the Biathlon World Championships 2021 in the team relay.
She competed at the Biathlon World Championships 2023 in the mixed relay, women's sprint, women's pursuit, women's individual, single mixed relay, and women's relay.

Vermont National Guard
The Vermont National Guard is composed of the Vermont Army National Guard and the Vermont Air National Guard. Together, they are collectively known as the Green Mountain Boys. Both units use the original Revolutionary War-era Flag of the Green Mountain Boys as their banner. In 2009, they had 2,600 members.
SS501 (album)
SS501 is South Korean boy band SS501's first full-length Japanese studio album.

Right after their first two Japanese maxi singles Kokoro and Distance, SS501 released their first full-length Japanese self-titled album, SS501 on October 24, 2007, by Pony Canyon.

The album consists of eleven songs: two singles from their first two maxi singles, "Kokoro" and "Distance"; two Japanese versions of "Again" and "4Chance" from their S.T 01 Now Korean studio album; and seven new songs.

Pony Canyon
Pony Canyon Inc. (株式会社ポニーキャニオン, Kabushiki gaisha Ponī Kyanion), also known by the shorthand form Ponican (ぽにきゃん, Ponikyan), is a Japanese company, established on October 1, 1966, which distributes music, films, home video, and video games. It is affiliated with the Japanese media group Fujisankei Communications Group. Pony Canyon is a major leader in the music industry in Japan, with its artists regularly at the top of the Japanese charts. Pony Canyon is also responsible for releasing taped concerts from its artists as well as many anime productions and several film productions.

Pony Canyon is headquartered in Tokyo with offices in Taiwan and South Korea. It employs approximately 360 people. Pony Canyon also owns the recording label Flight Master.
Gowy Meadows Nature Reserve
Gowy Meadows Nature Reserve is a 165.8-hectare (410-acre) nature reserve near Ellesmere Port, Cheshire, England. It consists of low-lying meadows immediately to the east of the River Gowy near its confluence with the River Mersey, south of Stanlow Oil Refinery and west of the village of Thornton-le-Moors (from where a public footpath follows Thornton Brook across the site). It is managed by the Cheshire Wildlife Trust on behalf of the landowner, Shell UK, and was founded in 2002. The M56 motorway runs along the southern edge of the reserve.

The reserve consists mainly of low-lying wet pasture divided by ditches. It is part of the Gowy & Mersey Washlands Living Landscape initiative. Before the construction of the Manchester Ship Canal the Gowy would have been tidal in this area and much of the reserve would have consisted of saltmarsh with brackish creeks, whose traces can still be seen in places.

M56 motorway
The M56 motorway serves the Cheshire and Greater Manchester areas of England. It runs east to west from junction 4 of the M60 at Gatley, south of Manchester, to Dunkirk, approximately four miles (six kilometres) north of Chester. With a length of 33.3 miles (53.6 km), it connects North Wales and the Wirral peninsula with much of the rest of North West England, serves business and commuter traffic heading towards Manchester, particularly that from the wider Cheshire area, and provides the main road access to Manchester Airport from the national motorway network.

Between junctions 9 and 16, the motorway forms part of the unsigned European route E22 on its route in the UK between Holyhead in Anglesey and Immingham in Lincolnshire.
Nathan Taylor (sprinter)
Nathan Taylor (born January 31, 1983) is a Canadian former athlete who competed as a sprinter.

A native of Courtenay, British Columbia, Taylor was a junior "A" ice hockey winger for the Powell River Kings in his youth and only took up sprinting as a means of keeping up his fitness during the summer.

Taylor, a Canadian junior champion in the 100 metres, secured a scholarship to the University of Michigan.

In 2001 he won the 100 metres at the Canada Games, setting a record time in the event of 10.38 seconds.

Taylor was a member of the bronze medal-winning 4 × 100 metres relay team at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne. He ran the third leg of the final, which was won by Jamaica.

His younger brother Adam played professional ice hockey.

Courtenay, British Columbia
Courtenay (/ˈkɔːrtni/ KORT-nee) is a city of 28,420 on the east coast of Vancouver Island, in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is the largest community and only city in the area commonly known as the Comox Valley. Courtenay is the seat of the Comox Valley Regional District; this district replaced the Comox-Strathcona Regional District. Courtenay is 4 km (2.5 mi) west of the town of Comox, 7 km (4.3 mi) northeast of the village of Cumberland, 5 km (3.1 mi) northwest of the unincorporated settlement of Royston, and 108 km (67 mi) northwest of Nanaimo.

It was named after the nearby river, Courtenay River, which in turn had been named for Rear-Admiral Courtenay.

Courtenay and nearby Comox are served by the coast-spanning Island Highway, the Island Rail Corridor, and a local airport in Comox.
Naguru General Hospital
Naguru General Hospital, also known as China-Uganda Friendship Hospital Naguru, is a hospital in Uganda. It is an urban, general hospital built between 2009 and 2012, at an estimated cost of approximately US$8 million (UGX:20 billion). The hospital was built by the Government of China, as a gift to the Government of Uganda.

The hospital is on Naguru Road, on Naguru Hill, Nakawa Division, Kampala District, in Kampala, the capital of Uganda and the largest city in that country. This location lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi), by road, east of the central business district of Kampala.

Naguru
Naguru is a village and panchayat in Garugubilli mandal in Parvathipuram Manyam district of Andhra Pradesh, India. Naguru is a small village with a population of around 5000. Most of the people are employed in cultivation and cattle. Naguru was an assembly constituency in Andhra Pradesh till restructuring in 2009. It is located on the highway connecting Parvathipuram - Srikakulam, just 17 km from Parvathipuram. One who wants to visit Naguru, has to reach Parvathipuram first via train and from there can get a bus to Naguru easily.
Park Towers (Houston)
Park Towers is a complex of two office buildings along the 610 Loop in Houston, Texas, United States. It consists of two 18 story office towers, Park Towers North and Park Towers South, which each have 272,621 square feet (25,327.3 m2) of rentable space, and one six story parking garage. The building, in proximity to Uptown Houston, is owned by Post Oak Partners LLP; TPMC Realty Corp. provides leasing and management services. Previously Cameron International Corporation maintained its international headquarters in Park Towers South.

Uptown Houston
Uptown (more commonly called The Galleria Area) is a business district in Houston, located 6.2 miles (10.0 km) west of Downtown and is centered along Post Oak Boulevard and Westheimer Road (Farm to Market Road 1093). The Uptown District is roughly bounded by Woodway Drive to the north, I-610 (West Loop) to the east, Richmond Avenue to the south, and Yorktown Street to the west. It covers 1,010 acres (410 ha).

At 23.6 million square feet (2.19 million square meters) of office space, the Uptown District is the 17th-largest business district in the United States, comparable in size to the downtowns of Denver and Pittsburgh. The district is home to approximately 2,000 companies and represents more than 11 percent of Houston's total office space.
Brave Beats
Brave Beats (ブレイブビーツ, Bureibu Bītsu) is a Japanese anime television series produced by BN Pictures. It aired on Nagoya TV and other affiliates of the ANN network from October 11, 2015 to March 27, 2016, when it was replaced by Mobile Suit Gundam Unicorn RE:0096 the week after.

All-Nippon News Network
All-Nippon News Network (ANN; Japanese: オールニッポンニュース・ネットワーク, romanized: Ōrunippon Nyūsu Nettowāku) is a Japanese commercial television network run by TV Asahi Corporation (TV Asahi) in Tokyo, a subsidiary of the TV Asahi Holdings Corporation, which is controlled by The Asahi Shimbun Company. The network's responsibilities include the syndication of national television news bulletins to its regional affiliates, and the news exchange between the stations. Its affiliate stations also broadcast non-news programs originating from TV Asahi. Founded on 1 January 1970,: 161–163  and formalised on 1 April 1974, ANN is made up of 26 affiliates, including two stations that are double- or triple-affiliated with rival networks.

Between 1989 and 2013, it also operated the 24-hour satellite and cable news channel Asahi Newstar.
2007 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting
Elections to the Baseball Hall of Fame for 2007 proceeded according to revised rules enacted in 2001. The Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA) held an election to select from among recent players, resulting in the induction of Tony Gwynn and Cal Ripken Jr.

The Veterans Committee held an election with two ballots: the biennial election for players retired over 20 years, and the quadrennial election for non-players (managers, umpires and executives), the first since 2003. The Committee did not elect anyone.

Induction ceremonies in Cooperstown were held July 29 with Commissioner Bud Selig presiding.

Rick Hummel
Richard Lowell Hummel (February 25, 1946 – May 20, 2023) was an American author and sports columnist best known for his work for the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Hummel was honored in 2007 with the J. G. Taylor Spink Award for baseball writing. Known throughout baseball by his nickname "The Commish", he was a former president of the Baseball Writers' Association of America.
Ritter Observatory
The Ritter Observatory is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the University of Toledo (UT) in Toledo, Ohio. Ritter Planetarium is located in the same building, and the university also operates Brooks Observatory in an adjacent building. Ritter Observatory features a 1.06 m (42 in) Ritchey-Chrétien telescope built in 1967 by Warner & Swasey Company of Cleveland, Ohio. It was installed in 1968, and is used primarily for spectroscopy and occasionally for instruction and public viewing events.  Research conducted at the observatory focuses on long-term spectroscopic monitoring of stars such as Rigel, Beta Lyrae, and Zeta Tauri.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
Adaiyur, Salem
Adaiyur is a panchayat village in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Administratively, Adaiyur is under Idappadi taluk of Salem district in Tamil Nadu. It is 45 km by road west of Salem.

There is one village in the Adaiyur gram panchayat: Adaiyur. As of 2011 it had a population of 3,567.

Salem, Tamil Nadu
Salem (pronounced [seːlam] ⓘ) is a major tier II city in Salem district, located on the banks of the Thirumanimutharu river in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu surrounded by mountains. Salem is the fifth largest urban agglomeration in the state, and the third largest metropolitan region. The city is 124 km2 (48 sq mi) large.
Clarke MacArthur
Clarke MacArthur (born April 6, 1985) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey left winger. MacArthur played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Ottawa Senators, Buffalo Sabres, Atlanta Thrashers and Toronto Maple Leafs. He was originally selected by Buffalo in the third round, 74th overall, at the 2003 NHL entry draft.

Prior to turning professional, MacArthur spent three seasons playing for the Medicine Hat Tigers in the Western Hockey League (WHL). While playing major junior hockey, he was named to the 2004 Memorial Cup All-Star and 2005 WHL Eastern Conference All-Star Teams. MacArthur was also a member of Canada's gold medal-winning squad at the 2005 World Junior Championships.

2015–16 NHL season
The 2015–16 NHL season was the 99th season of operation (98th season of play) of the National Hockey League (NHL). Thirty teams competed in 82-game regular season schedules from October 7, 2015 to April 10, 2016.

The 2016 Stanley Cup playoffs following the regular season began on April 13 and ended June 12, with the Pittsburgh Penguins defeating the San Jose Sharks in six games to win their fourth Stanley Cup. None of the seven Canadian-based teams qualified for the playoffs; this was the second season in league history that the playoff field consisted of only United States-based teams. The only other time in league history that no Canadian teams qualified for the postseason was in the 1969–70 season.
Saša Čađo
Saša Čađo (Serbian Cyrillic: Саша Чађо, born 13 July 1989) is a Serbian professional women's basketball player who plays for İstanbul Üniversitesi SK of the Turkish League. She also represents the Serbian national basketball team.

Turkish Women's Basketball League
The Turkish Women's Basketball League (Turkish: Türkiye Kadınlar Basketbol Ligi, TKBL), is the second-tier level women's professional basketball division of the Turkish women's basketball league system. The league was established in 1980 and is organized by the Turkish Basketball Federation.