hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Acotyledon
Acotyledon is used to refer to seed plants or spermatophytes that lack cotyledons, such as orchids and dodder. Orchid seeds are tiny with underdeveloped embryos. They depend on mycorrhizal fungi for their early nutrition so are myco-heterotrophs at that stage.

Although some authors, especially in the 19th century and earlier, use the word acotyledon to include plants which have no cotyledons because they lack seeds entirely (such as ferns and mosses), others restrict the term to plants which have seeds but no cotyledons.

Flowering plants or angiosperms are divided into two large groups. Monocotyledons or monocots have one seed lobe, which is often modified to absorb stored nutrients from the seed so never emerges from the seed or becomes photosynthetic. Dicotyledons or dicots have two cotyledons and often germinate to produce two leaf-like cotyledons. Conifers and other gymnosperms lack flowers but may have two or more cotyledons in the seedling.

Mycorrhiza
A mycorrhiza (from Ancient Greek  μύκης (múkēs) 'fungus' and  ῥίζα (rhíza) 'root'; pl. mycorrhizae, mycorrhiza, or mycorrhizas) is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant, in which fungal hyphae and plant roots become interconnected and form an interface on the cellular level. The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungus in the plant's rhizosphere, the plant root system and its surroundings. Mycorrhizae play important roles in plant nutrition, soil biology, and soil chemistry.

In a mycorrhizal association, the fungus colonizes the host plant's root tissues, either intracellularly as in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, or extracellularly as in ectomycorrhizal fungi. The association is normally mutualistic. In particular species, or in particular circumstances, mycorrhizae may have a parasitic association with host plants.
Supershitty to the Max!
Supershitty to the Max! is the debut album by the Swedish rock band The Hellacopters. It was recorded in just 26 hours during February 1996 at Sunlight Studios in Stockholm and released in June that year.

The album was initially released on 500 units of clear vinyl, followed two weeks later by a CD version. A second vinyl release was available in 1997 with 1,500 units in white vinyl, whilst Toys Factory also released the album in Japan with a cover version of the Misfits song "Bullet" as a bonus track.

Bullet (Misfits song)
"Bullet" is the second single released by the horror punk band the Misfits. The four tracks comprising the EP were recorded, along with thirteen others, in early 1978 for the proposed Static Age album. When the band could not find a record label to release the album, they instead released four of the songs as "Bullet" on singer Glenn Danzig's label Plan 9 Records. The songs were re-released in different versions over subsequent years, until Static Age was finally released in its entirety in 1996.
Prawn farm massacre
The Prawn farm massacre, also known as the 1987 Kokkadichcholai massacre, took place on January 27, 1987 in the village of Kokkadichcholai, in Batticaloa District within the Eastern Province of Sri Lanka. At least 83 Tamil civilians were killed. The Special Task Force, an elite special forces unit of the Sri Lanka Police specializing in counter-terrorist and counter-insurgency operations, was accused of having perpetrated the massacre. Asian Agricultural Products Limited (AAPL), the Hong Kong based part-owner of the farm filed for arbitration by ICSID, an arm of the World Bank, against the government of Sri Lanka; AAPL prevailed in the arbitration, eventually received payment and families of the victims were paid some monetary compensation.

Special Task Force (Sri Lanka)
The Special Task Force (STF) (Sinhala: විශේෂ කාර්ය බලකාය Visesha Karya Balakaya; Tamil: சிறப்பு அதிரடிப் படை) is a police tactical unit of the Sri Lanka Police specialising in anti-irregular military, apprehension of armed and dangerous criminals, clandestine and covert operations, combat and patrolling in urban areas, counterterrorism and hostage rescue crisis managements, crowd control, executive protection, high-risk tactical law enforcement situations, indirect fire for support operations, irregular warfare, operating in difficult to access terrain, protecting high-level meeting areas, search and rescue people who are in distress or imminent danger from disaster, support crowd control and riot control, tactical special operations, and other tasks requiring special training. It was formed in 1983 not as a military force, but rather as a highly specialised armed police unit.
Kohinata
Kohinata (written: 小日向) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Fumiyo Kohinata (小日向 文世, born 1954), Japanese actor

Kohinata Hakurō (小日向 白朗, 1900–1982), Japanese bandit

Kazuki Kohinata (小日向 一輝, born 1994), Japanese swimmer

Shie Kohinata (小日向 しえ, born 1979), Japanese actress, television personality and singer

Kohinata Hakurō
Kohinata Hakurō (Japanese: 小日向白朗, Hiragana: こひなた はくろう; January 31, 1900 - January 5, 1982), born Kohinata Takematsu (Chinese pseudonyms include Xiang Lang, Shang Xudong, and Shao Rixiang), courtesy name Senzan Koji, was a notorious Japanese mounted bandit in China. He was commonly called "The Little White Dragon" by Chinese locals of the areas he was active in.
Mansion 24
Mansion 24 is an Indian Telugu-language horror thriller television series written by Mayukh Adithya and directed by Ohmkar. Produced by Ashwin Babu and Kalyan Chakravarthy under the banner of Oak Entertainment, it stars Varalaxmi Sarathkumar in the lead role. It premiered 17 October 2023 on Disney+ Hotstar.

Ashwin Babu
Ashwin Babu Nuthalapati (born 1 August 1985) is an Indian actor who primarily works in Telugu films. He made his acting debut in the 2012 film, Genius. He is a frequent collaborator with his brother Ohmkar.
Kraszków, Łódź Voivodeship
Kraszków [ˈkraʂkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Opoczno, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) east of Opoczno and 80 km (50 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Opoczno County
Opoczno County (Polish: powiat opoczyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, south-east Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Opoczno, which lies 72 kilometres (45 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Drzewica, lying 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Opoczno.

The county covers an area of 1,038.77 square kilometres (401.1 sq mi). As of 2009 its total population is 78,467, out of which the population of Opoczno is 21,635 (2016), that of Drzewica is 3,913 (2016), and the rural population is 52,006.
Vittori
Vittori is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arturo Vittori (born 1971), Italian architect

Carlo Vittori (1931–2015), Italian sprinter and athletics coach

Carlo Roberti de' Vittori (1605–1673), Italian Roman Catholic cardinal

Dario Vittori (1921–2001), Argentine actor

Gail Vittori (born 1954), co-director of the Center for Maximum Potential Building Systems

Girolamo Vittori (17th century), Italian Hispanist and lexicographer

Joseph Vittori (1929–1951), United States Marine

Loreto Vittori (1600–1670), Italian castrato and composer

Nicolò Vittori (1909–1988), Italian rower

Paolo Vittori (born 1938), Italian basketball player and coach

Pascal Vittori (born 1966), New Caledonian politician

Roberto Vittori (born 1964), Italian air force officer and astronaut

Umberto Vittori (1906–1977), Italian rower

Girolamo Vittori
Girolamo Vittori was an Italian Hispanist and lexicographer from the 17th century.

He wrote a trilingual dictionary, Tesoro de las tres lenguas francesa, italiana y española (Geneva: Philippe Albert & Alexandre Pernet, 1609) which takes a lot of the work of the French authors César Oudin and Jean Nicot.
Saint-Ouen station (Paris RER)
Saint-Ouen is a station in Paris' express suburban rail system, the RER. It is situated in Saint-Ouen, in the département of Seine-Saint-Denis. The construction of the metro station permitted connections with the Paris Métro Line 14 at Saint-Ouen station

Seine-Saint-Denis
Seine-Saint-Denis (French pronunciation: [sɛn sɛ̃ d(ə)ni] ⓘ) is a department of France located in the Grand Paris metropolis in the Île-de-France region. In French, it is often referred to colloquially as quatre-vingt treize or neuf trois ("ninety-three" or "nine three"), after its official administrative number, 93. Its prefecture is Bobigny.

In 2019, it had a population of 1,644,903 across 39 communes. In French, the learned but rarely used demonym for the inhabitants of Seine-Saint-Denis is Séquano-Dionysiens; more common is Dionysiens.
Spicauda procne
Spicauda procne, the brown longtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found from Argentina, north through Central America and Mexico to southern Texas. Rare strays can be found up to southern New Mexico, southern Arizona and southern California.

The wingspan is 37–48 mm. There are three generations per year in southern Texas.

The larvae feed on various grasses, including Cynodon dactylon and Sorghum halepense.

Skipper (butterfly)
Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilionoidea (the butterflies). They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly lack wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
Western Cape 2012 Farm Workers' strike
The Western Cape 2012 Farm Workers' strike was a wave of strikes and protests by agricultural workers in the Western Cape from 27 August 2012 to 22 January 2013.  The events led to the deaths of 3 workers, R160 million in damages as well as a 52% increase in the official minimum wage.  The protests mostly took place the towns of De Doorns and Worcester with smaller protests in Ceres, Robertson, Grabouw, Wolseley and Villiersdorp. The main cause of the strikes was low worker pay of R69 (roughly US$8.54 in 2012) per day and high unemployment.

Robertson, South Africa
Robertson is a town in the Western Cape Province of South Africa, known as the valley of wine and roses, at the heart of the wine route - Route 62.

Founded in 1853 and named after Dr William Robertson, a Scottish Dutch Reformed Church minister.: 302

Situated in the fertile Robertson Valley, farming and wagon building were the town's original industries. However, after the Second Anglo-Boer War of 1899, the wagon building industry collapsed when the railways took over the transport of all goods.

Robertson subsequently became famous for its ostrich farming, but this industry collapsed as well shortly after World War I, and the farmers of the area turned to wine and fruit farming. Later, several successful racehorse stud farms were founded. Agriculture remains the mainstay of the town's economy.
Nayoro Station
Nayoro Station (名寄駅, Nayoro-eki) is a railway station located in the city of Nayoro, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is operated by JR Hokkaido. It is also the location a freight depot of the Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight).

Japan Freight Railway Company
Japan Freight Railway Company (日本貨物鉄道株式会社, Nippon Kamotsu Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha), or JR Freight (JR貨物, Jeiāru Kamotsu), is one of the seven constituent companies of Japan Railways Group (JR Group). It provides transportation of cargo nationwide throughout Japan. Its headquarters are in Shibuya, Tokyo near Shinjuku Station.

The Japan Railways Group was founded on 1 April 1987, when Japanese National Railways (JNR) was privatized. Japanese National Railways was divided into six regional passenger rail companies and a single freight railway company, Japan Freight Railway Company.

The company has only about 50 kilometers (31 mi) of track of its own, and therefore operates on track owned by the six JR passenger railways as well as other companies which provide rail transport in Japan.
Zeta Canis Minoris
Zeta Canis Minoris is a solitary, blue-white hued star in the equatorial constellation of Canis Minor. Its name is a Bayer designation that is Latinized from ζ Canis Minoris and abbreviated Zeta CMi or ζ CMi. This is a dim star but visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.13. Based on an annual parallax shift of 5.23 mas as seen from Earth, this star is located around 410 light years away. It is moving further from the Sun with a radial velocity of +32.3 km/s.

The spectrum of this star presents as a B-type bright giant with a stellar classification of B8 II. It is a Mercury-Manganese star, showing an overabundance of these elements in its spectrum. The mean longitudinal magnetic field strength is 8.28±11.55 G. The star has about 4.7 times the mass of the Sun and 6.7 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 931 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 12,311 K.

Giant star
A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. The terms giant and dwarf were coined for stars of quite different luminosity despite similar temperature or spectral type (namely K and M) by Ejnar Hertzsprung in 1905 or 1906.

Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10  times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants.

A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and luminous it is.
Bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh
Christianity portal

The Bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh was the Ordinary of the Church of Ireland diocese of Kilmore and Ardagh in the Province of Armagh. The Diocese of Kilmore composed most of County Cavan and parts of counties Leitrim, Fermanagh, Meath and Sligo. The Diocese of Ardagh comprised most of County Longford and parts of counties Cavan and Roscommon.

The Episcopal sees of Kilmore and Ardagh were intermittently combined in the 17th and 18th centuries until they were finally united in 1839. They were combined further with Elphin in 1841 to form the united bishopric of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh.

County Leitrim
County Leitrim (/ˈliːtrəm/ LEE-trəm; Irish: Contae Liatroma) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Connacht and is part of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the village of Leitrim. Leitrim County Council is the local authority for the county, which had a population of 35,199 according to the 2022 census.

The county was based on the Gaelic territory of West Breffny (Bréifne) as it existed in the 1580s.
Hours of Étienne Chevalier
The Hours of Étienne Chevalier is an illuminated book of hours commissioned by Étienne Chevalier, treasurer to king Charles VII of France, from the miniature painter and illuminator Jean Fouquet.

Only 48 of its leaves with 47 miniatures survive, dispersed across seven collections in Europe and the United States of America, of which 40 illuminations are held at the Musée Condé in Château de Chantilly in France.

Musée Condé
The Musée Condé (French: [myze kɔ̃de]) – in English, the Condé Museum – is a French museum located inside the Château de Chantilly in Chantilly, Oise, 40 km (24.8 mi) north of Paris. In 1897, Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale, son of Louis Philippe I, bequeathed the château and its collections to the Institut de France. It included rooms remodeled as museum spaces and those left as residential quarters in the styles of the 18th and 19th centuries.
Neurogenesis
Neurogenesis is the process by which nervous system cells, the neurons, are produced by neural stem cells (NSCs).  This occurs in all species of animals except the porifera (sponges) and placozoans. Types of NSCs include neuroepithelial cells (NECs), radial glial cells (RGCs), basal progenitors (BPs), intermediate neuronal precursors (INPs), subventricular zone astrocytes, and subgranular zone radial astrocytes, among others.

Neurogenesis is most active during embryonic development and is responsible for producing all the various types of neurons of the organism, but it continues throughout adult life in a variety of organisms. Once born, neurons do not divide (see mitosis), and many will live the lifespan of the animal, except under extraordinary and usually pathogenic circumstances.

5-Methylcytosine
5-Methylcytosine (5mC, m5C) is a methylated form of the DNA base cytosine (C) that regulates gene transcription and takes several other biological roles. When cytosine is methylated, the DNA maintains the same sequence, but the expression of methylated genes can be altered (the study of this is part of the field of epigenetics). 5-Methylcytosine is incorporated in the nucleoside 5-methylcytidine.
Fred M. Wilcox (Wisconsin politician)
Fred M. Wilcox (July 17, 1870 – January 13, 1944) was an American lawyer, public official, and politician.

Born in Marshall County, Iowa, Wilcox graduated from Montour High School in Montour, Iowa in 1887. He then graduated from Iowa State University in 1893. In 1894, Wilcox practiced law in Seymour, Wisconsin and then in Appleton, Wisconsin. Wilcox served as district attorney for Outagamie County, Wisconsin from 1896 to 1904 and was a Republican. Wilcox served in the Wisconsin State Senate from 1905 to 1909. In 1913, Wisconsin Governor Francis McGovern appointed Wilcox to the Wisconsin Industrial Commission; Wilcox served on the commission until 1934 and was chairman of the industrial commission. In 1936, Wilcox was appointed director of the Social Security Administration office in Minneapolis, Minnesota serving until his death in 1944. Wilcox died from a heart attack, that he had while at work, at his home in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Marshall County, Iowa
Marshall County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,105, and was estimated to be 40,392 in 2024. The county seat and largest city is Marshalltown. The county was formed on January 13, 1846, and named after John Marshall, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Marshall County comprises the Marshalltown, Iowa Micropolitan Statistical Area. In 2010, the center of population of Iowa was located in Marshall County, near Melbourne.
Peppino Mazzotta
Peppino Mazzotta (born 20 May 1971) is an Italian actor, known for playing police officer Giuseppe Fazio in Il commissario Montalbano mystery series based on the character and novels created by Andrea Camilleri. Mazzotta is a native of Domanico (Province of Cosenza).

Province of Cosenza
The province of Cosenza (Italian: provincia di Cosenza) is a province in the region of Calabria in Italy. Its capital is the city of Cosenza. It has a population of 669,239 across its 150 municipalities.

The province of Cosenza contains a community of Occitan language (also known as Langue d'oc) speakers in Guardia Piemontese: it was formed by Vaudoi or Waldensian movement members, who moved to Cosenza to avoid religious persecution, in the 13th and 14th centuries. Many of the Arbëreshë Albanians of Italy live in the province, since arriving in the 16th century to flee the religious persecution undertaken by the Ottoman Empire.
Wild Horse Rodeo
Wild Horse Rodeo is a 1937 American Western film directed by George Sherman and starring Robert Livingston, Ray Corrigan, and Max Terhune. Written by Oliver Drake and Betty Burbridge, based on a story by Drake and Gilbert Wright, the film is about a champion rodeo rider who returns to his home town in search of a legendary wild horse called Cyclone. The film is part of the Three Mesquiteers series of B-movies produced by Republic Pictures. Wild Horse Rodeo was the first film directed by George Sherman, who later directed numerous Western films for Republic, Columbia Pictures, and Universal Pictures.

Oliver Drake (filmmaker)
Clarence Oliver Drake (May 28, 1903 – August 19, 1991) was an American film/television director, screenwriter, producer and actor who was most active in the Western genre. Though Drake began his career as an actor, he is best known as a prolific screenwriter and director of low-budget Western films (sometimes referred to as B-Westerns). Drake was most active in the 1930s and 1940s, although he continued writing and directing films until 1974.

His films include Today I Hang (1942).
San Pellegrino Terme
San Pellegrino Terme (Italian pronunciation: [sam pelleˈɡriːno ˈtɛrme], Bergamasque: San Pelegrì) is a commune in the province of Bergamo, Lombardy, Italy. Located in the Val Brembana, it is the location of the beverage company San Pellegrino, where its carbonated mineral water drinks are produced.

The town is home to several Art Nouveau edifices from the early 20th century, including the Casinò, the Grand Hotel and the Terme ('Baths').

Leonardo da Vinci visited the source in Lombardy to sample the town's "miraculous" water.

During the 15th and 16th centuries, the town was referred to frequently as Mathusanash Pellegrino in writings coming from the Papal States, France and the Holy Roman Empire. It may have originated from satire concerning the Italian Wars which happened around San Pellegrino from 1494 and 1559.

The 18th stage of the 2011 Giro d'Italia finished in San Pellegrino Terme.

Bergamasque dialect
The Bergamasque dialect  is the western variant of the Eastern Lombard group of the Lombard language. It is mainly spoken in the province of Bergamo and in the area around Crema, in central Lombardy.

Bergamasque has official status in the province of Bergamo, according to the Regional Law 25/2016.
Pauline Michel
Pauline Michel (born 1944 in Asbestos, Quebec) is a Canadian novelist, poet, playwright, songwriter and screenwriter.

Michel has a Bachelor of Education from the Université de Sherbrooke as well a teaching certificate from École normale Marguerite Bourgeois and Université Laval.

Her work has appeared on Radio-Canada, Télé-Métropole, TV Ontario and Télé-Québec.

In 2004, Michel was appointed the second ever Canadian Parliamentary Poet Laureate, succeeding George Bowering. She served as Poet Laureate until November 16, 2006.

Université Laval
Université Laval is a public research university in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. The university traces its roots to the Séminaire de Québec, founded by François de Montmorency-Laval in 1663, making it the oldest institution of higher education in Canada and the first North American institution to offer higher education in French. The university, which was founded in Old Québec, moved to a new campus in the 1950s in the suburban borough of Sainte-Foy–Sillery–Cap-Rouge. It is ranked among the top 10 Canadian universities in research funding and holds four Canada Excellence Research Chairs.