hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John I. Beggs
John Irvin Beggs (September 17, 1847 – October 17, 1925) was an American businessman. He was associated closely with the electric utility boom under Thomas Edison. He was also associated with Milwaukee; St. Louis, Missouri; and other regional rail and interurban trolley systems. Beggs is also known for developing modern depreciation techniques for business accounting and for being one of the early directors of what became General Electric.

Depreciation
In accountancy, depreciation refers to two aspects of the same concept: first, an actual reduction in the fair value of an asset, such as the decrease in value of factory equipment each year as it is used and wears, and second, the allocation in accounting statements of the original cost of the assets to periods in which the assets are used (depreciation with the matching principle).

Depreciation is thus the decrease in the value of assets and the method used to reallocate, or "write down" the cost of a tangible asset (such as equipment) over its useful life span. Businesses depreciate long-term assets for both accounting and tax purposes. The decrease in value of the asset affects the balance sheet of a business or entity, and the method of depreciating the asset, accounting-wise, affects the net income, and thus the income statement that they report. Generally, the cost is allocated as depreciation expense among the periods in which the asset is expected to be used.
Rick Baker
Richard Alan "Rick" Baker (born December 8, 1950) is an American actor and retired special make-up effects creator. He is mostly known for his creature designs and effects. Baker has won the Academy Award for Best Makeup a record seven times from a record eleven nominations, beginning when he won the inaugural award for the 1981 horror comedy film An American Werewolf in London.

Doctor of Humane Letters
The degree of Doctor of Humane Letters (Latin: Litterarum humanarum doctor; DHumLitt, DHL, or LHD) is an honorary degree awarded to those who have distinguished themselves through humanitarian and philanthropic contributions to society.

The criteria for awarding the degree differ from institution to institution; however, it is typically given to persons outside the university invited to be keynote speakers at the most important university events, or to faculty members or alumni of the institution who have, in the eyes of the institution or the wider world, distinguished themselves in some way.

The flexibility in interpretation has resulted in universities awarding unique variants of the degree.  For example, in 1996 Southampton College awarded Kermit the Frog an honorary "doctorate of Amphibious Letters" in recognition for his contribution to children's education.
Konopnica, Poddębice County
Konopnica [kɔnɔpˈnit͡sa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wartkowice, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) west of Wartkowice, 9 km (6 mi) north-west of Poddębice, and 44 km (27 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Poddębice County
Poddębice County (Polish: powiat poddębicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Poddębice, which lies 37 kilometres (23 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Uniejów, lying 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Poddębice.

The county covers an area of 880.91 square kilometres (340.1 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 42,195, out of which the population of Poddębice is 7,875, that of Uniejów is 2,916, and the rural population is 31,404.
Vinyl Days
Vinyl Days is the seventh studio album by American rapper Logic, released on June 17, 2022, by Visionary Music Group and Def Jam Recordings, marking his final album with both labels. It contains 30 songs, making it the album with the most tracks in his discography, and features guest appearances from Action Bronson, Currensy, Russ, Wiz Khalifa, Royce da 5'9, RZA, AZ, DJ Premier, the Game, and more. Production was primarily handled by 6ix, with additional work by Logic himself, T-Minus, and Mario Luciano, among others.

Vinyl Days was released to positive reviews from music critics.

Anthony Fantano
Anthony Nicholas Fantano (/fænˈtænoʊ/ fan-TAN-oh; born October 28, 1985) is an American music critic and internet personality who runs The Needle Drop, a YouTube channel with a tie-in website and Twitch streaming channel. Self-billed as "The Internet's Busiest Music Nerd", as a social media influencer Fantano discusses and reviews music from a variety of genres online. He also runs the channel Fantano where he talks about events in the music industry solo or with guests and conducts interviews.
Ianalumab
Ianalumab (INN; development code VAY736) is a monoclonal antibody that is being investigated for autoimmune hepatitis, multiple sclerosis, pemphigus vulgaris, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's disease, Immune thrombocytopenic purpura and systemic lupus erythematosus.

This drug is being developed by Novartis. In 2021 ianalumab was undergoing Phase II/III trials. In June 2023 ianalumab was involved in 22 clinical trials, of which 3 were completed, 14 were ongoing, 1 was planned, and 4 were terminated.

Sjögren's disease
Sjögren's disease (SjD), previously known as Sjögren syndrome or Sjögren's syndrome (SjS, SS), is a long-term autoimmune disease that primarily affects the body's exocrine glands, particularly the lacrimal and salivary glands. Common symptoms include dry mouth and dry eyes, and it often seriously affects other organ systems, such as the lungs, kidneys, and nervous system.
1979 California 500
The 1979 California 500, the tenth running of the event, was held at the Ontario Motor Speedway in Ontario, California, on Sunday, September 2, 1979. The event was race number 11 of 14 in the 1979 SCCA/CART Indy Car Series. The race was won by Bobby Unser, his third California 500 victory. It was the first year of the California 500 under CART sanctioning.

California 500 (IndyCar)
The California 500 was a USAC, and later CART, race held at Ontario Motor Speedway in Ontario, California. The event represented a continuous lineage of open wheel oval racing in Southern California that dates back to 1970.
Ottoman–Venetian War (1463–1479)
The First Ottoman–Venetian War was fought between the Republic of Venice with its allies and the Ottoman Empire from 1463 to 1479. Fought shortly after the capture of Constantinople and the remnants of the Byzantine Empire by the Ottomans, it resulted in the loss of several Venetian holdings in Albania and Greece, most importantly the island of Negroponte (Euboea), which had been a Venetian protectorate for centuries. The war also saw the rapid expansion of the Ottoman navy, which became able to challenge the Venetians and the Knights Hospitaller for supremacy in the Aegean Sea. In the closing years of the war, however, the Republic managed to recoup its losses by the de facto acquisition of the Crusader Kingdom of Cyprus.

Kingdom of Cyprus
The Kingdom of Cyprus (French: Royaume de Chypre; Latin: Regnum Cypri) was a medieval kingdom of the Crusader states that existed between 1192 and 1489. Initially ruled as an independent Christian kingdom, it was established by the French House of Lusignan after the Third Crusade. It comprised the island of Cyprus and on the Anatolian mainland; Antalya between 1361 and 1373, and Corycus between 1361 and 1448.
Pradeep Yadav (Nepalese politician)
Pradeep Yadav (Nepali: प्रदीप यादव) (born 7 May 1975) is a Nepali politician and a member of the Federal Parliament of Nepal since 2017. He is currently serving as the Minister of Water Supply of Nepal.

Yadav, who is the deputy secretary general of People's Socialist Party, has also served as Minister of Health & Population from May 13, 2024, to July 8, 2024, and as Minister of Forests & Environment from July 4, 2022, to October 13, 2022.

In the 2017 general election, he was elected from the Parsa 1 constituency. He repeated his candidacy from the same constituency in 2023 general election, and was elected for the second consecutive term. Yadav has also served as the whip for the Janata Samajwadi Party Nepal from May 26, 2023, to May 5, 2024.

Ministry of Water Supply
The Ministry of Water Supply (Nepali: खानेपानी मन्त्रालय, romanized: Khānēpānī mantrālaya) is a government ministry of Nepal that is responsible to provide effective, sustainable and quality water supply and sanitation to the people of Nepal.
Saint George (Mantegna)
Saint George is a 66 by 32 cm tempera on panel painting by Andrea Mantegna, dated to around 1460 and now in the Gallerie dell'Accademia in Venice. It shows the saint in armour and on foot, carrying the remains of the lance he has used to kill the dragon, who lies at his feet with the lance's point stuck in its jaw. There is a marble border down the left and right hand sides of the painting, though George's elbow protrudes over the left hand border and the dragon's head over the right-hand border - such illusions were a signature trait of Mantegna's work, especially between the end of his Paduan period (by 1459) and the start of his time in Mantua (from 1460). The garland at the top is a typical motive of the Squarcione school, referring back to Mantegna's time in Squarcione's studio in Padua during his youth, whilst in the right hand background a road leads to a walled hilltop city.

Francesco Squarcione
Francesco Squarcione (c. 1395 – after May 1468) was an Italian artist from Padua. Squarcione is considered by some to be the head of the first independent school for painters. His pupils included Andrea Mantegna (with whom he had many legal battles), Cosimo Tura and Carlo Crivelli. There are only two works signed by him: the Madonna and Child (now in Berlin) and the Lazara Altarpiece (now in Padua).
Styliani Kaltsidou
Stella or Styliani Kaltsidou (Στέλλα Στυλιανή Καλτσίδου; born 12 January 1983), is a Greek former professional basketball player and a current professional basketball coach, who is currently the head coach of London Lions women's team in UK and also working with the KZS Basketball Federation as an assistant coach of the Slovenia women's national team.

She last played for CCC Polkowice and Greece women's national basketball team. She has represented national team in several Eurobasket Women and two times in FIBA World Championship for Women.

In 2005 she graduated from the faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science at the Kapodistrian University of Athens, with a major in Basketball Coaching.

Esperides Kallitheas
Esperides Kallitheas is a women's basketball club, based in Kallithea, Athens. Esperides was founded in 1995, and at the end of 2012, changed its name and its emblem, and restarted as GS Ikaros kallitheas. This was because since Esperides faced financial problems and wasn't able to continue in the Greek Women's League championship. Esperides has won two Greek Women's League championships and four Greek Women's Cups. In 2017-18 season Ikaros Kallitheas renamed again Esperides Kallitheas.
Wrestling at the 2006 Asian Games – Men's Greco-Roman 84 kg
The men's Greco-Roman 84 kg wrestling competition at the 2006 Asian Games in Doha was held on 10 December 2006 at the Aspire Hall 4.

This Greco-Roman wrestling competition consisted of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winner of two bronze medals. The two finalists faced off for gold and silver medals. Each wrestler who lost to one of the two finalists moved into the repechage, culminating in a pair of bronze medal matches featuring the semifinal losers each facing the remaining repechage opponent from their half of the bracket.

Each bout consisted of up to three rounds, lasting two minutes apiece. The wrestler who scored more points in each round was the winner of that rounds; the bout finished when one wrestler had won two rounds (and thus the match).

Repechage
Repechage (/ˌrɛpɪˈʃɑːʒ/ ⓘ REP-ish-AHZH, UK also /ˈrɛpɪʃɑːʒ/ REP-ish-ahzh; French: repêchage [ʁəpɛʃaʒ] ⓘ, lit. 'fishing out'  or 'rescuing') is a practice in series competitions that allows participants who failed to meet qualifying standards by a small margin to continue to the next round. A well-known example is the wild card system.
Eumolpus
In Greek Mythology, Eumolpus (/juˈmɒlpəs/; Ancient Greek: Εὔμολπος Eúmolpos, "good singer" or "sweet singing", derived from εὖ eu "good" and μολπή molpe "song", "singing") was a legendary king of Thrace. He was described as having come to Attica either as a bard, a warrior, or a priest of Demeter and Dionysus.

Bibliotheca (Apollodorus)
The Bibliotheca (Ancient Greek: Βιβλιοθήκη, romanized: Bibliothēkē, lit. 'Library') is a compendium of Greek myths and heroic legends, genealogical tables and histories arranged in three books, generally dated to the first or second century AD. The work is commonly described as having been written by Apollodorus (or sometimes Pseudo-Apollodorus), a result of its false attribution to the 2nd-century BC scholar Apollodorus of Athens.
Rodica Baranescu
Rodica A. Baranescu (Romanian: Bărănescu; born 1940) is a Romanian-American mechanical engineer known for her research in automotive diesel engines. Specifically she focuses on alternative fuels and optimization in emissions and performance of the engines.

Baranescu was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2001 for research leading to effective and environmentally sensitive diesel and alternative-fuel engines and leadership in automotive engineering.

Alternative fuel
Alternative fuels, also known as non-conventional and advanced fuels, are fuels derived from sources other than petroleum. Alternative fuels include gaseous fossil fuels like propane, natural gas, methane, and ammonia; biofuels like biodiesel, bioalcohol, and refuse-derived fuel; and other renewable fuels like hydrogen and electricity.

These fuels are intended to substitute for more carbon intensive energy sources like gasoline and diesel in transportation and can help to contribute to decarbonization and reductions in pollution. Alternative fuel is also shown to reduce non-carbon emissions such as the release of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide, as well as sulfur dioxide and other harmful gases in the exhaust. This is especially important in industries such as mining, where toxic gases can accumulate more easily.
Angarogyrus
Angarogyrus is an extinct genus of fossil beetles in the family Gyrinidae, containing the following species:

Angarogyrus minimus Ponomarenko, 1977 Cheremkhovskaya Formation, Russia, Early Jurassic (Toarcian)

Angarogyrus mongolicus Ponomarenko, 1986 Gurvan-Eren Formation, Mongolia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)

Aptian
The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous Epoch or Series and encompasses the time from 121.4 ± 0.6 Ma to 113.2 ± 0.3 Ma (million years ago), approximately. The Aptian succeeds the Barremian and precedes the Albian, all part of the Lower/Early Cretaceous.

The Aptian partly overlaps the upper part of the Western European Urgonian Stage.

The Selli Event, also known as OAE1a, was one of two oceanic anoxic events in the Cretaceous Period, which occurred around 120 Ma and lasted approximately 1 to 1.3 million years, being marked by enhanced silicate weathering, as well as ocean acidification. The Aptian extinction was a minor extinction event hypothesized to have occurred around 116 to 117 Ma.
2007 London Marathon
The 2007 London Marathon was the 27th running of the annual marathon race in London, United Kingdom, which took place on Sunday, 22 April. The elite men's race was won by Kenya's Martin Lel in a time of 2:07:41 hours and the women's race was won by China's Zhou Chunxiu in 2:20:38.

In the wheelchair races, Britain's David Weir (1:30:49) and Shelly Woods (1:50:40) won the men's and women's divisions, respectively.

Around 128,000 people applied to enter the race: 50,039 had their applications accepted and 36,396 started the race. A total of 35,667 runners, 24,815 men and 10,852 women, finished the race.

Association of Road Racing Statisticians
The Association of Road Racing Statisticians is an independent, non-profit organization that collects, analyzes, and publishes statistics regarding road running races. The primary purpose of the ARRS is to maintain a valid list of world road records for standard race distances  and to establish valid criteria for road record-keeping.  The official publication of the ARRS is the Analytical Distance Runner. This newsletter contains recent race results and analysis and is distributed to subscribers via e-mail. The ARRS is the only organized group that maintains records on indoor marathons.
Rancho San Vicente (Escamilla)
Rancho San Vicente was a 10,803-acre (43.72 km2) Mexican land grant in present day Santa Cruz County, California given in 1846 by Governor Pío Pico to Blas A. Escamilla. The grant extended along the Pacific coast from Molino Creek and Rancho Agua Puerca y las Trancas south past Davenport Landing to San Vicente Creek and Rancho Arroyo de la Laguna. The grant stretched from the coast back into the Santa Cruz Mountains between the two neighboring ranchos. The former Rancho San Vicente lands contain most of today's community of Davenport.

Santa Cruz County, California
Santa Cruz County (/ˌsæntə ˈkruːz/ ⓘ), officially the County of Santa Cruz, is a county on the Pacific coast of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 270,861. The county seat is Santa Cruz. Santa Cruz County comprises the Santa Cruz–Watsonville, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area. The county is on the California Central Coast, south of the San Francisco Bay Area region. The county forms the northern coast of the Monterey Bay, with Monterey County forming the southern coast.
Koyyalagudem, Eluru district
Koyyalagudem is a mandal in West Godavari district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Koyyalagudem comes under Jangareddygudem revenue division.

Koyyalagudem comes under Polavaram (ST) (Assembly constituency) and Eluru (Lok Sabha constituency).
Koyyalagudem is 49 km away from Rajahmundry, 67 km away from Eluru, the district headquarters and 36 km away from Polavaram.

Villages under koyyalagudem mandal are koyyalagudem, Ponguturu, Bayyanagudem, gavaravaram, kanapuram, Rajavaram, yerampeta.

Koyyalagudem mandal is one of the 46 mandals in the West Godavari district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.[2] It is administered under the Kovvur revenue division.[2]

Polavaram, Eluru district
Polavaram or Prolavaram is a village in Eluru district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Polavaram mandal of Jangareddygudem revenue division at about 35 km away from the banks of Godavari River. The Papi Hills and Polavaram Project are the major landmarks near the village.
Scicos
Scicos is a graphical dynamical system modeler and simulator. The software’s purpose is to create block diagrams to model and simulate the dynamics of hybrid dynamical systems (both continuous and discrete time) and compile these models into executable code.  Applications include signal processing, systems control, queuing systems, and the study of physical and biological systems.

Scilab includes a toolbox called Xcos which is based on Scicos.

Scicos is developed in and distributed with the scientific software package ScicosLab. Scicos 4.4.1 has been released in April 2011.

Executable
In computing, an executable is a resource that a computer can use to control its behavior. As with all information in computing, it is data, but distinct from data that does not imply a flow of control. Terms such as executable code, executable file, executable program, and executable image describe forms in which the information is represented and stored. A native executable is machine code and is directly executable at the instruction level of a CPU. A script is also executable although indirectly via an interpreter. Intermediate executable code (such as bytecode) may be interpreted or converted to native code at runtime via just-in-time compilation.
Erlendur
Erlendur is a given name. Notable people with the given name include:

Erlendur Haraldsson (1931–2020), psychology professor at the University of Iceland

Erlendur Jónsson (1929–2003), Icelandic writer, poet, critic and teacher

Erlendur Patursson (1913–1986), Faroese politician and writer

Erlendur Valdimarsson (born 1947), Icelandic athlete

Erlendur Patursson
Erlendur Patursson (20 August 1913 – 16 June 1986) was a Faroese politician and writer.

Erlendur was born in 1913 in Kirkjubøur. He was the son of the politician Jóannes Patursson.

He became cand.pol. in 1940 and was one of the founders of Tjóðveldisflokkurin, the Faroese Republican Party, in 1948. The Republicans are a left-wing Faroese political party in favor of national independence from Denmark. He was a member of the Løgting from 1958 to 1966 and again in 1970–86.  From 1963 to 1967, he was minister of fishery and finance, and from 1973 to 1977 a member of the Folketing.

Patursson came up with the idea for the Nordic House in the Faroe Islands. In the Nordic council he pushed for Greenlandic independence as well as independence for Åland.

As a writer Patursson has been honoured for his work concerning Faroese fishermen from 1850 to 1970. In 1981, he received the Faroese Literature Prize, M. A. Jacobsens Heiðursløn, for these writings.
Sandra Knapp
Sandra Diane Knapp OBE FLS FRS (born 1956) is an American-born botanist. She is a merit researcher of the Plants Division of the Natural History Museum, London and from 2018 was the president of the Linnean Society of London. While working at the Natural History Museum, London she has overseen the Flora Mesoamericana inventory of Central American plants. She has published several books on botanical subjects as well as a significant number of scientific articles. In 2016 she was awarded the Linnean Medal. In 2022 she was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society. In 2023 she was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) and was awarded the Engler Medal in Gold by the International Association for Plant Taxonomy.

Flora Mesoamericana
Flora Mesoamericana is a comprehensive catalog (a flora) of southern Mexican and Central American plants, written in Spanish.

The first volume was published in 1994. It is a collaboration between the Missouri Botanical Garden, the National Autonomous University of Mexico, and the Natural History Museum London.
Biblical mile
Biblical mile (Hebrew: מיל, romanized: mīl) is a unit of distance on land, or linear measure, principally used by Jews during the Herodian dynasty to ascertain distances between cities and to mark the Sabbath limit, equivalent to about two-thirds of an English statute mile, or what was about four furlongs (four stadia). The basic Jewish traditional unit of distance was the cubit (Hebrew: אמה), each cubit being roughly between 46–60 centimetres (18–24 in) The standard measurement of the biblical mile, or what is sometimes called Techum shabbat (Sabbath limit; Sabbath boundary), was 2,000 cubits.

Herodian dynasty
The Herodian dynasty was a royal dynasty of Idumaean (Edomite) descent, ruling the Herodian Kingdom of Judea and later the Herodian tetrarchy as a vassal state of the Roman Empire. The Herodian dynasty began with Herod the Great who assumed the throne of Judea, with Roman support, bringing down the century-old Hasmonean Kingdom. His kingdom lasted until his death in 4 BC, when it was divided among his sons and sister as a tetrarchy, which lasted for about 10 years. Most of those tetrarchies, including Judea proper, were incorporated into Judaea Province from 6 BC, though limited Herodian de facto kingship continued until Agrippa I's death in 44 AD and nominal title of kingship continued until c. 92 or 100 AD, when the last Herodian monarch, king Agrippa II, died and Rome assumed full power over his de jure domain.