hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jacob Baxter
Jacob Baxter (June 6, 1832 – July 23, 1912) was speaker of the Legislature of Ontario in 1887-1890 and served as Liberal MLA for Haldimand from 1867 to 1898.

He was born in Bertie Township in Welland County, Upper Canada in 1832, the son of Jacob Baxter, former reeve of Bertie. He studied medicine, received the degree of M.D. from the University of New York and the Bellevue Hospital Medical College and set up a medical practice in Cayuga in partnership with his younger brother Benjamin. He also served as justice of the peace and as surgeon for the local militia unit - 37th Haldimand Rifles. In 1860, he married Rose Griffith. He was defeated by John Senn in the 1894 general election but Senn's election was appealed and Baxter won the subsequent by-election. After retiring from politics, Baxter served as registrar for Haldimand County. He is buried in the Riverside Cemetery, Cayuga, Ontario.

Cayuga, Ontario
Cayuga (/keɪˈjuːɡə/ kay-YOO-gə) is an unincorporated community and county seat of Haldimand County, Ontario, Canada located at the intersection of Highway 3 and Munsee Street and along the Grand River. Cayuga is about a 20-minute drive from Lake Erie and 30 minutes south of Hamilton and 115 minutes south of Toronto and consequently it has some cottages and recreational properties in the area.  In the past, there was some light industry.  It has the local district detachment for the Ontario Provincial Police. It is also uniquely located among larger communities on both the American and Canadian sides of the border boasting television reception from Toronto, Buffalo, New York, Hamilton, Kitchener and Erie, Pennsylvania.
Osipkov–Merritt model
Osipkov–Merritt models (named for Leonid Osipkov and David Merritt) are mathematical representations of spherical stellar systems (galaxies, star clusters, globular clusters etc.).  The Osipkov–Merritt formula generates a one-parameter family of phase-space distribution functions that reproduce a specified density profile (representing stars) in a specified gravitational potential (in which the stars move). The density and potential need not be self-consistently related.  
A free parameter adjusts the degree of velocity anisotropy, from isotropic to completely radial motions.  The method is a generalization of Eddington's formula  for constructing isotropic spherical models.

The method was derived independently by its two eponymous discoverers. The latter derivation includes two additional families of models (Type IIa, b) with tangentially anisotropic motions.

Anisotropy
Anisotropy (/ˌænaɪˈsɒtrəpi, ˌænɪ-/) is the structural property of non-uniformity in different directions, as opposed to isotropy. An anisotropic object or pattern has properties that differ according to direction of measurement. For example, many materials exhibit very different physical or mechanical properties when measured along different axes, e.g. absorbance, refractive index, conductivity, and tensile strength.

An example of anisotropy is light coming through a polarizer. Another is wood, which is easier to split along its grain than across it because of the directional non-uniformity of the grain (the grain is the same in one direction, not all directions).
Geography of Malaysia
The geography of Malaysia includes both the physical and the human geography of Malaysia, a Southeast Asian country made up of two major landmasses separated by water—Peninsular Malaysia to the west and East Malaysia to the east—and numerous smaller islands that surround those landmasses. Peninsular Malaysia is on the southernmost part of the Malay Peninsula, south of Thailand, north of Singapore and east of the Indonesian island of Sumatra; East Malaysia comprises most of the northern part of Borneo, and shares land borders with Brunei to the north and Indonesian Borneo to the south.

Human geography
Human geography, also known as anthropogeography, is a branch of geography that studies how people interact with places. It focuses on the spatial relationships between human communities, cultures, economies, people, lifestyle and their environments.  Examples include patterns like urban sprawl and urban redevelopment. It looks at how social interactions connect with the environment using both qualitative (descriptive) and quantitative (numerical) methods. This multidisciplinary field draws from sociology, anthropology, economics, and environmental science, helping build a more complete understanding of how human activity shapes the spaces we live in.
Pam Galloway
Pam Galloway (born September 11, 1955) is an American physician and surgeon and a former Republican member of the Wisconsin Senate, representing the 29th District from 2011 through her resignation on March 16, 2012.

Wisconsin's 29th Senate district
The 29th Senate district of Wisconsin is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate.  Located in north-central Wisconsin, the district comprises most of Marathon County, along with northern Wood County, and parts of northern Portage County, northwest Waupaca County, and western Shawano County.  The district includes the cities of Wausau, Marathon City, Marshfield, and Mosinee.
Sukhovsky 1-y
Sukhovsky 1-y (Russian: Суховский 1-й) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Tishanskoye Rural Settlement, Nekhayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 30 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Nekhayevsky District
Nekhayevsky District (Russian: Неха́евский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Nekhayevsky Municipal District. It is located in the northwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,220 square kilometers (860 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a stanitsa) of Nekhayevskaya. Population: 15,588 (2010 Census); 17,660 (2002 Census); 19,080 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Nekhayevskaya accounts for 30.0% of the district's total population.
Academy of Political Science
The Academy of Political Science  is an American non-profit organization and publisher devoted to cultivating non-partisan, objective analysis of political, social, and economic issues. It is headquartered in The Interchurch Center in New York City. Its current President is Robert Y. Shapiro.

Nonpartisanship
Nonpartisanship, also known as nonpartisanism, is a lack of affiliation with a political party and a lack of political bias.

While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of partisan includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc., in most cases, nonpartisan refers specifically to political party connections rather than being the strict antonym of "partisan".
2015 King Cup final
The 2015 King Cup final was the final match of the 2015 King Cup,  the 40th season of Saudi's main football cup, and the 8th season under the current Kings Cup title. It was played at the King Abdullah Sports City in Jeddah on 5 June 2015, between Al-Hilal and Al-Nassr.

Both teams were already qualified to 2016 AFC Champions League group stage, from their 2014–15 Pro League positions, Al-Hilal finishing third in the league and Al-Nassr won the league championship.

Al-Nassr took the lead early in the first half of the extra time through Mohammed Al Sahlawi, but the defender Mohammed Jahfali equalised for Al-Hilal in the last minute of the match to take the game to Penalty shoot-out, which they won 7–6 after Shaya Sharahili missed. Al-Hilal have won the first title in the current edition and the 7th title in total.

2016 AFC Champions League
The 2016 AFC Champions League was the 35th edition of Asia's premier club football tournament organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), and the 14th under the current AFC Champions League title.

Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors defeated Al-Ain in the final to win their second AFC Champions League title, and qualified as the AFC representative at the 2016 FIFA Club World Cup in Japan, their second appearance in the FIFA Club World Cup. Guangzhou Evergrande were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the group stage.
North East Zone cricket team
North East Zone cricket team is a cricket team that plays first-class and List A cricket in the Duleep Trophy and Deodhar Trophy. The team is geographically based in Northeast India. They are currently being captained by Hokaito Zhimomi. It is a composite team of players from six teams from north east India: Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Sikkim.

Hokaito Zhimomi
Hokaito Zhimomi (born 24 September 1986) is an Indian first-class cricketer from Nagaland, who played for Assam and Nagaland. He is from Sangtamtila village of Dimapur district.

He was part of Kolkata Knight Riders in the First edition of IPL, He was never part of the playing 11.
Shane Clarke
Shane Robin Clarke (born 7 November 1987) is an English footballer who plays for Lincoln United, where he plays as a midfielder.

Clarke notably played professionally in the Football League during a four-year spell with Lincoln City. He has since played the rest of his career at Non-League level for Gateshead, Boston United, Gainsborough Trinity, Spalding United, Worksop Town and Tamworth.

Spalding United F.C.
Spalding United Football Club is a football club based in Spalding, Lincolnshire, England. The club are currently members of the Southern League Premier Division Central and play at the Sir Halley Stewart Field.
2023 Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador leadership election
The 2023 Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador leadership election was held between October 13–15, 2023 to select a successor to Ches Crosbie, who stepped down following his defeat in the 2021 Newfoundland and Labrador general election. Candidate nominations opened May 17, 2023, and closed June 16, 2023. On October 14, 2023, MHA Tony Wakeham was narrowly elected leader on the second ballot.

Howley, Newfoundland and Labrador
Howley is a town in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, with a population of 179. It is located on Route 401, 13 km from the Trans-Canada Highway (Route 1), approximately thirty minutes' drive from the Deer Lake Airport. Services in Howley include a pub, a convenience store, a bed and breakfast, a campground, and a small hotel.
Krumbach, Swabia (district)
Krumbach was a district in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany, before the regional reorganization in 1972. Krumbach was the capital of this district. The licence plate code was KRU.

The district had 49 municipalities. The largest of them were the towns Krumbach, Bavaria and Thannhausen and the municipalities Ziemetshausen, Neuburg an der Kammel and Ursberg.

It was bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Günzburg, Augsburg, Schwabmünchen, Mindelheim, Illertissen and Neu-Ulm.

In 1972 the district was merged with Günzburg (district) and the urban district Günzburg to Günzburg district in today's borders.

Günzburg
Günzburg (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʏntsbʊʁk] ⓘ; Swabian: Genzburg) is a town in Bavaria, Germany. It is a Große Kreisstadt and the capital of the Swabian district Günzburg. This district was constituted in 1972 by combining the city of Günzburg – which had not previously been assigned to a Kreis (district) – with the district of Günzburg and the district of Krumbach.

Günzburg lies where the river Günz enters the Danube, and has a population of about 20,350.

Legoland Deutschland Resort is located in Günzburg.
Michael C. McFarland
Michael C. McFarland SJ (born 1948) is an American engineer and Jesuit who was the 31st president of the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts. He succeeded Acting President Frank Vellaccio on July 1, 2000, and was succeeded by Philip Boroughs.

McFarland is currently president of the Gregorian University Foundation, an organization that supports three Jesuit pontifical institutions: Pontifical Gregorian University, Pontifical Oriental Institute and Pontifical Biblical Institute. All three institutions are based in Rome, Italy, and the Biblical Institute has a presence in Jerusalem.

Pontifical Gregorian University
Pontifical Gregorian University (Italian: Pontificia Università Gregoriana; also known as the Gregorian or Gregoriana), is a private pontifical university in Rome, Italy.

The Gregorian originated as a part of the Roman College, founded in 1551 by Ignatius of Loyola, and included all grades of schooling. Its chairs of philosophy and theology received Papal approval in 1556, making it the first institution founded by the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). In 1584, the Roman College was given a new home by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom it was renamed the Gregorian University. It had distinguished scholars in ecclesiastical fields as well as in natural science and mathematics. Only the theology and philosophy departments of the Gregorian survived the political turmoil in Italy after 1870.

Today the Gregorian has an international faculty and around 2750 students from over 150 countries.
Ta Prohm Kel
Ta Prohm Kel or Prohm Kel (Khmer: ប្រាសាទតាព្រហ្មកិល ឬ ព្រហ្មកិល) is a small ruined sandstone monument in Angkor archaeological park, Siem Reap province, Cambodia.

Ta Prohm Kel was one of the 102 hospital chapels, some of which were already in existence, built by King Jayavarman VII all over the empire. The sanctuary opened to the east and had false doors on the other three sides. It was preceded by a small sandstone gopura, a little to the east of which traces remain. The decoration is in the style of the Bayon, with devatas and small roundels enclosing figures. A somasutra or channel for draining lustral water out of the shrine existed through the north wall of the sanctuary.

Devata
Devata (pl: devatas, meaning 'the gods')  are smaller and more focused Devas (Deities) in Indian religions, such as Hinduism and Buddhism. The term "devata" itself can also mean deva. They can be either male or female. Every human activity has its devata, its spiritual counterpart or aspect.
Ojos de Brujo
Ojos de Brujo was a nine-piece band from Barcelona who described their style as "jipjop flamenkillo" (hip hop with a little flamenco). The band sold over 100,000 copies of their self-produced Barí  album and received several awards, among these the BBC Radio 3 World Music Award for Europe in 2004, having also been nominated in 2003.

Their success is also notable for being achieved without the aid of label backing. They set up their own label, La Fábrica de Colores, to get complete artistic freedom for Barí, away from the pressure they perceived from their record company Edel Records for their debut, Vengue.

Scratching
Scratching, sometimes referred to as scrubbing, is a DJ and turntablist technique of moving a vinyl record back and forth on a turntable to produce percussive or rhythmic sounds. A crossfader on a DJ mixer may be used to fade between two records simultaneously.

While scratching is most associated with hip hop music, where it emerged in the mid-1970s, from the 1990s it has been used in some styles of EDM like techno, trip hop, and house music and rock music such as rap rock, rap metal, rapcore, and nu metal. In hip hop culture, scratching is one of the measures of a DJ's skills. DJs compete in scratching competitions at the DMC World DJ Championships and IDA (International DJ Association), formerly known as ITF (International Turntablist Federation). At scratching competitions, DJs can use only scratch-oriented gear (turntables, DJ mixer, digital vinyl systems or vinyl records only). In recorded hip hop songs, scratched "hooks" often use portions of other songs.
Matha Strait
Matha Strait is a strait lying between Adelaide Island and the south end of the Biscoe Islands. The strait takes its name from "Matha Bay", the name originally applied by Jean-Baptiste Charcot, leader of the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, to the water feature as he conceived it. The British Graham Land Expedition under John Rymill, 1934–37, recognizing that it is really a strait rather than a bay, changed the name to Matha Strait. The name is for Lieutenant André Matha, second-in-command of the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, also under Charcot.

Jean-Baptiste Charcot
Jean-Baptiste Étienne Auguste Charcot, better known in France as Commandant Charcot, (15 July 1867 in Neuilly-sur-Seine near Paris – 16 September 1936 at sea (30 miles north-west of Reykjavik, Iceland), was a French scientist, medical doctor and polar scientist. His father was the neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893).
As a sportsman, he was French rugby XV champion in 1896 and also won a double silver medal in sailing at the 1900 Summer Olympics.
Hill v. McDonough
Hill v. McDonough, 547 U.S. 573 (2006), was a United States Supreme Court case challenging the use of lethal injection as a form of execution in the state of Florida.  The Court ruled unanimously that an Eighth Amendment challenge to the method of execution properly raised a claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, which provides a cause of action for civil rights violations, rather than under the habeas corpus provisions.  Accordingly, a previously filed petition for habeas relief could not bar the present challenge.

Attorney General of Florida
The attorney general of Florida is the chief legal officer of the U.S. state of Florida. The officeholder is a member of the Florida Cabinet and the head of the state Department of Legal Affairs. The office is one of Florida's three elected state cabinet posts, along with the chief financial officer and agriculture commissioner.

James Uthmeier has been the 30th and current attorney general since 2025, having been appointed by Governor Ron DeSantis to replace Ashley Moody, who resigned to become a United States senator.
Pashto grammar
Pashto is an S-O-V language with split ergativity. Adjectives come before nouns. Nouns and adjectives are inflected for gender (masc./fem.), number (sing./plur.), and case (direct, oblique, ablative and vocative). The verb system is very intricate with the following tenses: Present; simple past; past progressive; present perfect; and past perfect. In any of the past tenses (simple past, past progressive, present perfect, past perfect), Pashto is an ergative language; i.e., transitive verbs in any of the past tenses agree with the object of the sentence. The dialects show some non-standard grammatical features, some of which are archaisms or descendants of old forms.

In the following article stress is represented by the following markers over vowels: ә́, á, ā́, ú, ó, í and é.

Subject–object–verb word order
In linguistic typology, a subject–object–verb (SOV) language is one in which the subject, object, and verb of a sentence always or usually appear in that order. If English were SOV, "Sam apples ate" would be an ordinary sentence, as opposed to the actual Standard English "Sam ate apples" which is subject–verb–object (SVO).

The term is often loosely used for ergative languages like Adyghe and Basque that in fact have agents instead of subjects.
Rzepcze
Rzepcze [ˈʐɛpt͡ʂɛ], additional name in German: Repsch, is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Głogówek, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland, close to the Czech border.

Gmina Głogówek
Gmina Głogówek (German: Gemeinde Oberglogau) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland, on the Czech border in Upper Silesia. Its seat is the town of Głogówek (Oberglogau), which lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) east of Prudnik and 37 km (23 mi) south of the regional capital Opole.

The gmina covers an area of 170.06 square kilometres (65.7 sq mi), and as of 2019, its total population was 13,258. Since 2009, in addition to the official Polish language, German has also been recognized as an additional secondary language.
Hari Parbat Fort
Hari Parbat Fort, locally called Koh-e-Maran, is a historical fortification atop the Hari Parbat hill in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. The fort was built during the late 18th/early 19th century by Atta Mohammad Khan, governor of Kashmir under Durrani rule. The fort's rampart dates earlier to the late 16th century, from a non-extant fortification built by Mughal emperor Akbar.

Rampart (fortification)
In fortification architecture, a rampart  is a length of embankment or wall forming part of the defensive boundary of a castle, hillfort, settlement or other fortified site. It is usually broad-topped and made of excavated earth and/or masonry.
Leaky mode
A leaky mode or tunneling mode in an optical fiber or other waveguide is a mode having an electric field that decays monotonically for a finite distance in the transverse direction but becomes oscillatory everywhere beyond that finite distance. Such a mode gradually "leaks" out of the waveguide as it travels down it, producing attenuation even if the waveguide is perfect in every respect.  In order for a leaky mode to be definable as a mode, the relative amplitude of the oscillatory part (the leakage rate) must be sufficiently small that the mode substantially maintains its shape as it decays.

Leaky modes correspond to leaky rays in the terminology of geometric optics.
The propagation of light through optical fibre can take place via meridional rays or skew rays. These skew rays suffer only partial reflection while meridional rays are completely guided. Thus the modes allowing propagation of skew rays are called leaky modes. 
Some optical power is lost into clad due to these modes.

Attenuation
In physics, attenuation is the gradual loss of flux intensity through a medium. For instance, dark glasses attenuate sunlight, lead attenuates X-rays, and water and air attenuate both light and sound at variable attenuation rates.

Hearing protectors help reduce acoustic flux from flowing into the ears. This phenomenon is called acoustic attenuation and is measured in decibels (dBs).

In electrical engineering and telecommunications, attenuation affects the propagation of waves and signals in electrical circuits, in optical fibers, and in air. Electrical attenuators and optical attenuators are commonly manufactured components in this field.
Curry Creek Preserve
Curry Creek Preserve is an 80-acre preserve with trails and a paddle boat launch in Venice, Florida. It is located at 1075 Albee Farm Road. Named after a family of early pioneer settlers to the area, the preserve was purchased in 2002 through the Environmentally Sensitive Lands Protection Program (ESLPP). Habitats include mangrove forests, tidal marshes, and flatwoods, with the rare Pond apple tree found upstream along the creek. Wildlife inhabitants include tortoises, alligators, river otters, eastern indigo snakes and wading birds "such as the roseate spoonbill and wood stork".

Sarasota County Public Works maintains a 19-acre tidal marsh and tidal swamp restoration site nearby.

Annona glabra
Annona glabra is a tropical fruit tree in the family Annonaceae, in the same genus as the soursop and cherimoya. Common names include pond apple, alligator apple (so called because American alligators often eat the fruit), swamp apple, corkwood, bobwood, and monkey apple. The tree is native to Florida in the United States, the Caribbean, Central and South America, and West Africa. It is common in the Everglades. The A. glabra tree is considered an invasive species in Sri Lanka and Australia. It grows in swamps, is tolerant of saltwater, and cannot grow in dry soil.