hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Ewing (Pennsylvania politician)
James Ewing (August 3, 1736 – March 1, 1806) was a Pennsylvania soldier, statesman, and politician of the Colonial, Revolutionary and post-Revolutionary eras. He served in the Pennsylvania General Assembly and also as Vice-President of Pennsylvania, a position comparable to that of Lieutenant Governor.

Pennsylvania General Assembly
The Pennsylvania General Assembly is the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is a bicameral body consisting of an upper house, the Pennsylvania State Senate, with 50 members, and a lower house, the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, with 203 members. The legislature convenes in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg.

During colonial times (1682–1776), the legislature was known as the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly and was unicameral. Since the Constitution of 1776, the legislature has been known as the General Assembly. The General Assembly became a bicameral legislature in 1791.
1995 Japan Open Tennis Championships – Women's doubles
Mami Donoshiro and Ai Sugiyama were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Donoshiro with Yoriko Yamagishi and Sugiyama with Kyōko Nagatsuka.

Donoshiro and Yamagishi lost in the first round to Saori Obata and Nami Urabe.

Nagatsuka and Sugiyama lost in the final 6–7(5–7), 6–4, 7–6(7–5) against Miho Saeki and Yuka Yoshida.

Mami Donoshiro
Mami Donoshiro (born 8 March 1975) is a Japanese former professional tennis player.

Donoshiro played on the professional tour in the 1990s and reached 93 in the world rankings as a doubles player. While partnering Ai Sugiyama in 1994 she featured in the main draw at Wimbledon and won the Japan Open, which was her only WTA Tour title.
1912 Tennessee Volunteers football team
The 1912 Tennessee Volunteers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Tennessee as a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) during the 1912 college football season. In their second year under head coach Zora Clevenger, the team compiled a 4–4 record.

1912 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season
The 1912 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season was the college football games played by the member schools of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association as part of the 1912 college football season. The season began on September 28.

Ole Miss was suspended at year's end.

Conference champion Vanderbilt suffered its only loss to national champion Harvard. The 1912 season saw the NCAA implement several rule changes to increase scoring. These included: the number of downs allowed to advance the ball at least 10 yards was increased from three to four, the value of a touchdown increased from 5 points to 6, the length of the field was reduced to 100 yards, 10-yard end zones were added, the onside kick was eliminated, and unlimited use of the forward pass was introduced.
Sixbeastsandtwomonkeys
sixbeastsandtwomonkeys (2009) is a series of eight bronze sculptures by artist Peter Shelton, commissioned for the Police Administration Building in downtown Los Angeles, in the U.S. state of California. The sculptures depict six beasts and two monkeys.

The eight semi-abstract sculptures, each on its own pedestal, are placed along the sidewalk on Spring Street directly opposite the LA Times building.

The cost of the project was created through the Los Angeles' Percent-For-Art program and cost $512,000. In 2010, Americans for the Arts included it on the list of the forty best public artworks in the U.S.

Americans for the Arts
Americans for the Arts is a nonprofit organization whose primary focus is advancing the arts in the United States with offices in Washington, D.C., and New York City, and more than 50 years of service. Americans for the Arts is dedicated to representing and serving local communities, and creating opportunities for every American to participate in and appreciate all forms of the arts.

Americans for the Arts was founded in 1996 as a result of a merger between the National Assembly of Local Arts Agencies (NALAA) and the American Council for the Arts (ACA). In 2005, the two merged again with Arts & Business Council Inc., also known as Arts & Business Council of New York.
Amalgamation of Toronto
The amalgamation of Toronto was the creation of the city limits of Toronto, Ontario, Canada after amalgamating, annexing, and merging with surrounding municipalities since the 18th century. The most recent occurrence of amalgamation was in 1998, which dissolved the federation of Metropolitan Toronto and its constituent municipalities, and created the current "megacity" of Toronto.

New Toronto
New Toronto is a neighbourhood and former municipality in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.  It is located in the south-west area of Toronto, along Lake Ontario. The Town of New Toronto was established in 1890, and was designed and planned as an industrial centre by a group of industrialists from Toronto who had visited Rochester, New York. New Toronto was originally a part of the Township of Etobicoke. It was an independent municipality from 1913 to 1967, being one of the former 'Lakeshore Municipalities' amalgamated into the Borough of Etobicoke, and eventually amalgamated into Toronto. The neighbourhood has retained the name.
Legitimacy of Queen Victoria
The parentage of Queen Victoria has been the subject of speculation. It has been suggested that her biological father was not Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn. This suggestion has largely centred on the familial incidence of hereditary diseases and circumstantial evidence, and is not widely believed.

Circumstantial evidence
Circumstantial evidence is evidence that relies on an inference to connect it to a conclusion of fact, such as a fingerprint at the scene of a crime. By contrast, direct evidence supports the truth of an assertion directly, i.e. without need for any additional evidence or inference.
League of Armed Neutrality
League of Armed Neutrality refers to one of two alliances of  European naval powers (1780–1783 and 1800–1801), both intended to protect neutral shipping against the Royal Navy's wartime policy of unlimited search of neutral shipping for French contraband.  Accounts of the times also refer to these alliances simply as the Armed Neutrality.

First League of Armed Neutrality, existed from 1780 to 1783 during the American War of Independence

Second League of Armed Neutrality, existed from 1800 to 1801 during the Napoleonic Wars

Third League of Armed Neutrality, a proposed but never adopted alliance between Britain and France during the American Civil War

First League of Armed Neutrality
The First League of Armed Neutrality was an alliance of European naval powers between 1780 and 1783 which was intended to resist British attempts to inspect neutral shipping for French contraband during the American Revolutionary War. The league was founded by the Russian Empire, Denmark-Norway and Sweden in August 1780. In 1781, Prussia, Austria and Portugal joined the league; in 1782 the Ottoman Empire joined, followed in 1783 by the Kingdom of Naples. Despite the Royal Navy outnumbering all their fleets combined, the British did not wish to antagonise Russia and avoided interfering with the league's merchant shipping. The league was dissolved in 1783 when the end of the Revolutionary War rendered its existence moot.
Upstairs (album)
Upstairs is the third studio album by the contemporary worship duo Shane & Shane. The album was released on May 18, 2004, by Inpop Records label, and the producers on the effort is Will Hunt and Shane & Shane.

Inpop Records
Inpop Records is an independent contemporary Christian music record label based in Nashville, Tennessee, U.S. It was launched in July 1999 by Australians Peter Furler, Dale Bray, and Wes Campbell. The name was derived from the idea of wanting to highlight the talents of international pop artists, though they have signed an equal number of American artists.
Netsh
In computing, netsh, or network shell, is a command-line utility included in Microsoft's Windows NT line of operating systems. This command was officially launched with the release of Windows XP in 2001, although netsh did first appear on Windows 2000 in 1999. It allows local or remote configuration of network devices such as the interface.

Networking hardware
Networking hardware, also known as network equipment or computer networking devices, are electronic devices that are required for communication and interaction between devices on a computer network. Specifically, they mediate data transmission in a computer network. Units which are the last receiver or generate data are called hosts, end systems or data terminal equipment.
Manitowish Chain O Lakes
The Manitowish Chain O Lakes is a chain of lakes consisting of 10 lakes shown below. The chain is located in Manitowish Waters in Vilas County, Wisconsin, United States. The chain is known for its fishing. Little Star Lake is home to Little Bohemia Lodge where John Dillinger had his famous shootout. Also the movie Public Enemies was filmed there.

The lakes are fed by the Manitowish River, which drains into the Chippewa River basin and ultimately the Upper Mississippi River.

46°6′59″N 89°51′1″W﻿ / ﻿46.11639°N 89.85028°W﻿ / 46.11639; -89.85028

Vilas County, Wisconsin
Vilas County (/vaɪləs/ VYE-ləss) is a county in the state of Wisconsin, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,047. Its county seat is Eagle River. The county partly overlaps the reservation of the Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa. The county is considered a high-recreation retirement destination by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Coppenrath Verlag
Coppenrath Verlag GmbH & Co KG is a German publishing house based in Münster, in the North Rhine-Westphalia region of Germany. It publishes primarily children's and young people's literature, together with various non-book and marketing products. Coppenrath is known for the children's book series Felix (children's books) by Annette Langen, and Princess Lillifee by Monika Finsterbusch. The publisher has also worked with Rolf Zuckowski in 2001. Coppenrath is known for its production of Advent calendars.

Annette Langen
Annette Langen (born 29 April 1967) is a German writer of children's and young adults’ literature. Since 1989, she has published over 100 books; parts of her work have been translated into over 30 languages. Her best-known work is the children's book series Letters from Felix, which has been published since 1994, about a traveling stuffed rabbit.
Chisago Lake
Chisago Lake is a lake in Chisago County, Minnesota, in the United States. "Chisago" is a name derived from two Ojibwe language words meaning "large" and "beautiful".

Chisago Lake holds numerous species of fish. Northern pike, largemouth bass, crappie, perch, walleye, and panfish make up the majority of the lake's fish population, although some muskellunge and common carp have also been found in surveys by the DNR.

Perch
Perch is a common name for freshwater fish from the genus Perca, which belongs to the family Percidae of the large order Perciformes. The name comes from Greek: πέρκη, romanized: perke, meaning the type species of this genus, the European perch (P. fluviatilis).

Many species of freshwater game fish more or less resemble perch, but belong to different genera. In fact, the exclusively saltwater-dwelling red drum (which belongs to a different order Acanthuriformes) is often referred to as a "red perch", though by definition perch are freshwater species. Though many fish are referred to as perch as a common name, to be considered a true perch, the fish must be of the family Percidae.

The earliest fossil remains of Perca are known from the Middle Miocene of Ukraine.
Golders Green Beth Hamedrash
The Golders Green Beth Hamedrash (popularly known as Munk's or abbreviated as GGBH) is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in Golders Green, in the Borough of Barnet, London, England, in the United Kingdom. The congregation worships in the Ashkenazi rite, but as opposed to most other "Yekkish" communities, it follows minhag Berlin, which is a form of the Eastern Ashkenazic rite. It is a constituent of the Kedassia kashruth organisation.

Nusach (Jewish custom)
In Judaism, a nusach or nusakh (Hebrew: נוסח, romanized: nusáḥ, Yiddish: נוסח, romanized: núsekh, pl. נוסחים nusaḥim, Yiddish: נוסחאות, romanized: nuskhóes) is the exact text of a Jewish prayer service, sometimes translated as "rite". Nusach may more accurately translate to "formulation" or "wording".

The texts of siddurim used by the array of Jewish ethnic divisions and religious movements include Baladi-rite prayer, nusach Ashkenaz, nusach Sefard, nusach edot haMizraḥ, Italian nusach, and nusach Ari.

A textual nusach is distinct from a musical nusach, the latter referring to a community's musical style or tradition, particularly the chanted melodies used for the Amidah and other recitative prayers.
Schneiderman
Schneidermann, Schneiderman, or Shneiderman (Yiddish: Shnayderman, Shneyderman) is a surname of Germanic origin, composed of "Schneider" ("tailor") and "Mann" ("person"/"man").

Notable people with the surname include:

Alexaundra Schneiderman (born 1996), South Korean-American singer known professionally as AleXa

David Schneiderman (1947–2025), American newspaper editor and publisher

Davis Schneiderman (born 1974), American writer, academic, and higher-education administrator

Eric Schneiderman (born 1954), American lawyer and politician; 65th Attorney General of New York

Harry Schneiderman (1885–1975), Polish-born American communal administrator and editor

Rose Schneiderman (1882–1972), Polish-born American socialist and feminist

Valerie Le Zimring-Schneiderman (born 1965), American Olympic rhythmic gymnast

AleXa
Alexaundra Christine Schneiderman (born December 9, 1996), known professionally as AleXa (Korean: 알렉사) or Kim Se-ri (김세리), formerly Alex Christine (알렉스 크리스틴), is an American singer based in South Korea. She debuted as a K-pop singer in October 2019. In 2022, she represented her home state Oklahoma in NBC's American Song Contest with the song "Wonderland" where she won with 710 points.
Onthophagus coenobita
Onthophagus coenobita is a species of dung beetle in the genus Onthophagus.

It typically feeds on dung, but also carrion and decaying fungi. It mainly feeds on human dung, but also dog, cattle, horse, goat, sheep and pig dung.

Dung beetle
Dung beetles are beetles that feed on feces. All species of dung beetle belong to the superfamily Scarabaeoidea, most of them to the subfamilies Scarabaeinae and Aphodiinae of the family Scarabaeidae (scarab beetles). As most species of Scarabaeinae feed exclusively on feces, that subfamily is often dubbed true dung beetles. There are dung-feeding beetles which belong to other families, such as the Geotrupidae (the earth-boring dung beetle). The Scarabaeinae alone comprises more than 5,000 species.

As they do not belong to a single group sharing a common ancestor, there is a diversity in the behavior of dung beetles, including the iconic dung-rolling behavior revered by Ancient Egyptians as Khepri rolling the sun across the sky.
Apostata capiendo
Apostate capiendo (Latin for "taking an apostate") was an old English writ against an individual. It prescribed the arrest of a person, who having entered and professed some religious order (such as a monk), broke from his cloister, contrary to the rules of his order.

Religious order
A religious order is a subgroup within a larger confessional community that has members who lead a contemplative lifestyle devoted to prayer and service. Religious orders often trace their lineage from their founders and have a text describing their lifestyle called a rule of life. Such orders exist in a number of the world's religions and their denominations.
Vijeta (2020 film)
Vijeta (Winner) is a 2020 Indian Marathi language, sports drama film directed by Amol Shetge and produced by Rahul Puri under the banner of Subhash Ghai's Mukta Arts with Suresh Pai as co-producer. The film starring Subodh Bhave, Sushant Shelar and Pooja Sawant follows the story of a sport coach Soumitra and his athletes teammates, who are all set to win gold for Maharashtra. Subodh encourages them to focus more on their mental strength rather than physical.

In the inaugural ceremony of the 12th Goa Marathi Film Festival in June 2019, the presenter of the film, Subhash Ghai announced the film by unveiling the first look poster. The principal photography began in August 2019. The film was theatrically released on 12 March 2020.

Sports film
A sports film is a film genre in which any particular sport plays a prominent role in the film's plot or acts as its central theme. It is a production in which a sport or a sports-related topic is prominently featured or is a focus of the plot. Despite this, sport is ultimately rarely the central concern of such films and sport performs primarily an allegorical role. Furthermore, sports fans are not necessarily the target demographic in such movies, but sports fans tend to maintain a high following and esteem for such movies.
Šaľa District
Šaľa District (Slovak: okres Šaľa; Hungarian: Vágsellyei járás) is a district in the Nitra Region of western Slovakia.
Until 1918, the district formed mostly part of the county of Kingdom of Hungary of Nyitra, apart from a small area in the west around Diakovce, Tešedíkovo and Žihárec which formed part of the county of Pressburg.

Districts of Slovakia
The districts of Slovakia are administrative units known as okres in the Slovak language. It is a second-tier territorial administrative unit, below a Region (kraje) in standing, and superior to a municipality (obec). Each district contains at least several municipalities.

The cities of Bratislava and Košice are the only cities in Slovakia divided into internal urban districts, with five in Bratislava, and four in Košice. These urban districts are then further divided into smaller boroughs (which serve a function analogous to municipalities in typical districts).

All other districts are larger in size and also include rural areas, and rural as well as urban municipalities. Each of these more typical districts has an urban centre serving as the seat of the district, usually the largest town (or the only town) of a given district. Rural municipalities are not legally allowed to become district seats.
Pauls (given name)
Pauls is a Latvian masculine given name; a cognate of the name Paul. People bearing the name Pauls include:

Pauls Butkēvičs (born 1940), Latvian actor

Pauls Dauge (1869–1946), Latvian Bolshevik revolutionary activist and writer

Pauls Kalniņš (1872–1945), Latvian physician and politician, former President of Latvia

Pauls Kaņeps (1911–2006), Latvian cross-country skier

Pauls Pujats (born 1991), Latvian pole vaulter and track and field athlete

Pauls Putniņš (1937–2018), Latvian playwright, journalist and politician

Pauls Sokolovs (1902–19??), Latvian footballer

Pauls Stradiņš (1896–1958), Latvian professor, physician, and surgeon

Pauls Stradiņš Jr (born 1963), Latvian-American physicist

Pauls Svars (born 1998), Latvian ice hockey player

Pauls Toutonghi (born 19??), American writer

Pauls Valdens (1863–1957), Latvian chemist

Pauls Sokolovs
Pauls Sokolovs (17 July 1902 – 20 April 1971) was a Latvian footballer who competed for Latvia national football team at the 1924 Summer Olympics.

Sokolovs started playing football with JKS Riga in the early years after World War I, then joined the newly founded RFK in 1923, where he played until the end of his football career. He won three Latvian Higher League titles and became a two-time winner of the Riga Football Cup between 1923 and 1928 and played 8 international matches for the Latvian national football team from 1923 to 1925, including a participation at the 1924 Summer Olympics. Sokolovs also played ice hockey, representing the Latvia national ice hockey team in several matches.
Bill Cowley
William Mailes "Cowboy" Cowley (June 12, 1912 – December 31, 1993) was a Canadian professional ice hockey center who played 13 seasons in the National Hockey League for the St. Louis Eagles and Boston Bruins. Described as the Wayne Gretzky of his era, Cowley twice won the Hart Memorial Trophy as the NHL's MVP, and is widely regarded as one of the best playmakers in hockey history.

1945–46 NHL season
The 1945–46 NHL season was the 29th season of the National Hockey League. Six teams played 50 games each. The Montreal Canadiens won the Stanley Cup, defeating the Boston Bruins for the team's sixth championship.
Sara Šenvald
Sara Šenvald (born 14 March 1996) is a Croatian handballer for RK Podravka Koprivnica and the Croatian national team.

She represented Croatia at the 2022 European Women's Handball Championship and the 2024 European Women's Handball Championship.

RK Podravka Koprivnica
Rukometni Klub Podravka Koprivnica is a Croatian women's handball club from Koprivnica. It is the most successful club in Croatian women's handball since formation of the league in 1992. The team currently competes in the Croatia women's first handball league. They have a fan club called Red Roosters formed in 2002.
Gordon Barnier
Gordon Arthur Barnier (14 April 1928 – 11 July 2000) was an Australian politician. He was the Labor member for Blacktown in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1971 to 1981.

The son of Roy and Gertrude Barnier, he was educated at Cleveland Street High School. On 27 February 1954 he married Pamela, with whom he had seven children. He served on a number of local councils, including Blacktown Council, Prospect Council and Hawkesbury River Council, and was an executive member of the Local Government Election Association of New South Wales from 1964 to 1965.

In 1971, Barnier was selected as the Labor Party's candidate for the seat of Blacktown (the sitting member, Jim Southee, was contesting the new seat of Mount Druitt). He was elected without difficulty, and was returned in 1973, 1976 and 1978. In 1981 he was defeated for preselection by John Aquilina and retired. He died in Hornsby in 2000.

City of Hawkesbury
The City of Hawkesbury is a local government area that is located on the far northwest fringe of the Greater Sydney area in New South Wales, Australia. The local government area is located in the Hawkesbury and Blue Mountains regions. Hawkesbury City is named after the Hawkesbury River. Major towns in the City of Hawkesbury are Windsor and Richmond. It is a member council of the Hawkesbury River County Council.

The mayor of the City of Hawkesbury is Cr. Les Sheather, an independent.
Sophia Laukli
Sophia Laukli (born 8 June 2000) is an American cross-country skier and trailrunner from Yarmouth, Maine. Her highest World Cup finish was first in the freestyle 10 km event at Val di Fiemme on January 7, 2024. She previously skied for the Middlebury College ski team, where she earned All-American honors placing second in the 5k freestyle, and now races for the University of Utah ski team. She was named in the United States Ski Team for the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.

In 2023 she won the Marathon du Mont Blanc and Sierre-Zinal.

Laukli has dual citizenship through her Norwegian father and speaks fluent Norwegian.

United States Ski Team
The U.S. Ski Team, operating under the auspices of U.S. Ski & Snowboard, develops and supports men's and women's athletes in the sports of alpine skiing, freestyle skiing, cross-country, ski jumping, and Nordic combined. Since 1974 the team and association have been headquartered in Park City, Utah.

These individuals represent the best athletes in the country for their respective sports and compete as a team at the national, world and Olympic level.