hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chart datum
A chart datum is the water surface serving as origin (or coordinate surface) of depths displayed on a nautical chart and for reporting and predicting tide heights. A chart datum is generally derived from some tidal phase, in which case it is also known as a tidal datum.  Common chart datums are lowest astronomical tide (LAT) and mean lower low water (MLLW). In non-tidal areas, e.g., the Baltic Sea, mean sea level (MSL) is used.

A chart datum is a type of vertical datum and must not be confused with the horizontal datum for the chart.
However, it is not necessarily an equigeopotential (a water "level surface"): the chart datum is tilted across smaller to larger tidal range regions; in rivers, it is a sloping and undulating surface following the low stage.

United Kingdom Hydrographic Office
The United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) is the UK's agency for providing hydrographic and marine geospatial data to mariners and maritime organisations across the world. The UKHO is a trading fund of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) and is located in Taunton, Somerset, with a workforce of approximately 900 staff.

The UKHO is responsible for operational support to the Royal Navy and other defence customers. Supplying defence and the commercial shipping industry, they help ensure Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), protect the marine environment and support the efficiency of global trade.

The UKHO also produces Admiralty charts, providing SOLAS-compliant charts, publications and digital services for ships trading internationally.
Lychas buchari
Lychas buchari, also known as the yellow sand scorpion or Buchar's scorpion, is a species of small scorpion in the Buthidae family. It is native to Australia, and was first described in 1997 by Czech arachnologist Frantisek Kovarik.

Buthidae
The Buthidae are the largest family of scorpions, containing about 100 genera and 1300 species as of 2025. A few very large genera (Ananteris, Centruroides, Compsobuthus, or Tityus) are known, but a high number of species-poor or monotypic ones also exist. New taxa are being described at a rate of several new species per year. They have a cosmopolitan distribution throughout tropical and subtropical environments worldwide. Together with four other families, the Buthidae make up the superfamily Buthoidea. The family was established by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1837.

Around 20 species of medically important (meaning potentially lethal to humans) scorpions are known, and all but one of these (Hemiscorpius lepturus) are members of the Buthidae. In dead specimens, the spine beneath the stinger, characteristic for this family, can be observed.
Live at Soledad Prison
Live at Soledad Prison is a live album by blues musician John Lee Hooker recorded at the Soledad State Prison in Monterey County, California on June 11, 1972 and released by the ABC label later that year. It is not available in its original form on compact disc, but in 1996, MCA Records released a compilation of Hooker's 1966 live album Live at Cafe Au Go Go with the last five songs of Live at Soledad Prison, under the title Live at the Café au Go-Go (and Soledad Prison).

John Lee Hooker Jr.
John Lee Hooker Jr. (born January 15, 1952) is an American blues musician and Christian minister. He is the son of influential blues singer John Lee Hooker (1917–2001). The younger Hooker's musical style is markedly modernized, featuring contemporary arrangements.
Edwin Benson
Edwin James Benson ((1931-10-23)October 23, 1931 – (2016-12-09)December 9, 2016; Ma-doke-wa-des-she, modern Mandan orthography: Wéroke Wáatashe, Iron Bison) was a Native American educator and the last native speaker of the Mandan language. He was born in Elbowoods, North Dakota, on the Fort Berthold Reservation in McLean County, North Dakota. When the Garrison Dam was built, Benson and his family were relocated to Twin Buttes, North Dakota. He taught Mandan at Twin Buttes Elementary School, and was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of North Dakota in 2009. He was involved in efforts to teach the basics of Mandan to youth. When he died on December 9, 2016, the Mandan language became extinct.

The documentary To Save a Language (2020) showed the efforts of the Estonian linguist Indrek Park who tried to learn and save the Mandan language.

Fort Berthold Indian Reservation
The Fort Berthold Indian Reservation is a U.S. Indian reservation in western North Dakota that is home for the federally recognized Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation, also known as the Three Affiliated Tribes. The reservation includes lands on both sides of the Missouri River. The tribal headquarters is in New Town, the 18th largest city in North Dakota.

Created in 1870, the reservation is a small part of the lands originally reserved to the tribes by the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851, which allocated nearly 12 million acres (49,000 km2) in North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, Nebraska and Wyoming.
Fresh One Productions
Fresh One Productions is a television production company set up by chef Jamie Oliver in 2001. Now trading as Jamie Oliver Productions.

Notable series include:

Jamie's Kitchen First production, in 2001

Jamie's School Dinners (won award for 'Best Factual Series or Strand' at the British Academy Television Awards 2006)

Jamie at Home

Jamie Oliver's Food Revolution (won award for 'Outstanding Reality Program' at the Primetime Emmys in 2010)

Jamie's Dream School

Jamie's 15-Minute Meals a 40 episode series which aired in 2012

Two Greedy Italians -2012

Jamie's School Dinners
Jamie's School Dinners is a four-episode documentary series that was broadcast on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom from 23 February to 16 March 2005. The series was recorded from Spring to Winter of 2004 and featured British celebrity chef Jamie Oliver attempting to improve the quality and nutritional value of school dinners at Kidbrooke School in the Royal Borough of Greenwich. Oliver's experience on the series led to a broader national campaign called Feed Me Better, aimed at improving school dinners throughout Britain.
Chorlton-by-Backford
Chorlton-by-Backford is a former civil parish, now in the parish of Backford, in the borough of Cheshire West and Chester and ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, approximately 3 mi (4.8 km) to the north of Chester. 
Chorlton Hall is a Grade II listed building within the area.

In 1848, it had a population of 85. In the 2001 census it had a population of 80,
increasing to 124 at the 2011 census and 128 in 2021.

The name is likely derived from the Old English words ceorl (meaning a free peasant) and tūn (a farmstead or settlement).

Chorlton-by-Backford was formerly a township in the parish of Backford; in 1866 Chorlton by Backford became a separate civil parish; on 1 April 2015 the parish was abolished and merged with Backford.

Ceremonial counties of England
Ceremonial counties, formally known as counties for the purposes of the lieutenancies, are areas of England to which lord-lieutenants are appointed.  A lord-lieutenant is the monarch's representative in an area.

Shrieval counties have the same boundaries and serve a similar purpose, being the areas to which high sheriffs are appointed. High sheriffs are the monarch's judicial representative in an area.

The ceremonial counties are defined in the Lieutenancies Act 1997, and the shrieval counties in the Sheriffs Act 1887. Both are defined as groups of counties used for local government.
Lynching of Raymond Byrd
Raymond Arthur Byrd (April 2, 1895 – August 15, 1926) was an African-American farmhand who was lynched by a mob in Wythe County, Virginia on August 15, 1926.

Byrd was born in Speedwell, Virginia, to Stephen and Josephine Sheffey Byrd. Byrd was the second of four children born in the family. He lived in the Black Lick district of Wythe County and was accused of rape and subsequently lynched by a mob on August 15, 1926. Byrd was kidnapped from the Wytheville jail by a mob of masked men, shot, bludgeoned, and dragged several miles before being hanged from a tree branch. Byrd's lynching became the subject of national news and prompted anti-lynching legislation to be signed into law by Governor Harry F. Byrd of Virginia in 1928. The only man indicted by a grand jury for the lynching, Floyd Willard, was acquitted by an all-white jury after only ten minutes of deliberation during the trial on July 19, 1927.

The Virginian-Pilot
The Virginian-Pilot is the daily newspaper for Hampton Roads, Virginia, United States. Commonly known as The Pilot, it is Virginia's largest daily. It serves the five cities of South Hampton Roads as well as several smaller towns across southeast Virginia and northeast North Carolina.  It was a locally owned, family enterprise from its founding in 1865 at the close of the American Civil War until its sale to Tribune Publishing in 2018. Its headquarters is in Newport News, and prior to 2020 was in Norfolk.

The Virginian-Pilot is owned by parent company Tribune Publishing. This company was acquired by Alden Global Capital, which operates its media properties through Digital First Media, in May 2021.
Web Server Gateway Interface
The Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI, pronounced whiskey or WIZ-ghee) is a simple calling convention for web servers to forward requests to web applications or frameworks written in the Python programming language. The current version of WSGI, version 1.0.1, is specified in Python Enhancement Proposal (PEP) 3333.

WSGI was originally specified as PEP-333 in 2003. PEP-3333, published in 2010, updates the specification for Python 3.

Calling convention
In computer science, a calling convention is an implementation-level (low-level) scheme for how subroutines or functions receive parameters from their caller and how they return a result.  When some code calls a function, design choices have been taken for where and how parameters are passed to that function, and where and how results are returned from that function, with these  transfers typically done via certain registers or within a stack frame on the call stack.  There are design choices for how the tasks of preparing for a function call and restoring the environment after the function has completed are divided between the caller and the callee.  Some calling convention specifies the way every function should get called.  The correct calling convention should be used for every function call, to allow the correct and reliable execution of the whole program using these functions.
Sixty-Four Villages East of the River
50°06′N 127°41′E﻿ / ﻿50.100°N 127.683°E﻿ / 50.100; 127.683
The Sixty-Four Villages East of the River were a group of Manchu, Daur and Han-inhabited villages located on the left (north) bank of the Amur River (Heilong Jiang) opposite of Heihe, and on the east bank of Zeya River opposite of Blagoveshchensk. The area totaled 3,600 square kilometers (1,400 mi2).

Among Russian historians, the district occupied by the villages is sometimes referred as Zazeysky rayon (the "Trans-Zeya District" or "The district beyond the Zeya"), because it was separated by the Zeya from the regional capital, Blagoveshchensk.

Zeya (river)
The Zeya (Russian: Зе́я; from indigenous Evenki word "djee" (blade); Chinese: 结雅; Manchu: ᠵᡳᠩᡴᡳᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ, Mölendroff: jingkiri bira) is a northern, left tributary of the Amur in Amur Oblast, Russia. It is 1,242 km (772 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 233,000 km2 (90,000 sq mi). The average flow of the river is 1,810 m3/s (64,000 cu ft/s).
It's Nothing Personal
It's Nothing Personal is the fifth studio album by American metalcore band Bury Your Dead. The album was released on May 26, 2009, through Victory Records. It was also the last album to be released on that label and to feature Myke Terry (Volumes) on vocals.

The album peaked at the Billboard 200 at number 142.

Victory Records
Victory Records was a Chicago-based record label founded by Tony Brummel. It operates a music publishing company called "Another Victory, Inc." and is the distributor of several record labels. It has featured many prominent artists including Thursday, Hawthorne Heights, Silverstein, Taking Back Sunday, Bayside, Streetlight Manifesto, and A Day to Remember.

In September 2019, years after acquiring a portion of the label's catalogue, Concord acquired Victory Records and Another Victory for $30 million. Craft Recordings has been managing Victory Record's catalog since Concord acquired the label. Victory has not signed any new bands or released any new records since its acquisition. The label now operates solely as the distributor of the label's alumni, in addition to reissues.

Victory's catalogue includes 4,500 master recordings and 3,500 compositions through its publisher Another Victory.
Sturgeon River (Delta County, Michigan)
Sturgeon River is a 63.6-mile-long (102.4 km) river in the U.S. state of Michigan, flowing mostly southward through Alger County and Delta County counties on the Upper Peninsula.

The Sturgeon River rises as the outflow of Sixteenmile Lake in Alger County at 46°17′35″N 86°46′00″W﻿ / ﻿46.29306°N 86.76667°W﻿ / 46.29306; -86.76667 and flows primarily southward into Big Bay de Noc of Lake Michigan at 45°50′17″N 86°40′01″W﻿ / ﻿45.83806°N 86.66694°W﻿ / 45.83806; -86.66694.

The West Branch Sturgeon River rises at 46°09′56″N 86°43′46″W﻿ / ﻿46.16556°N 86.72944°W﻿ / 46.16556; -86.72944 and flows southeast 12.5 miles (20.1 km) into the main stream at 46°08′43″N 86°41′14″W﻿ / ﻿46.14528°N 86.68722°W﻿ / 46.14528; -86.68722.

A post office named Sturgeon River opened near the mouth of the river on July 23, 1891. The name was changed to St. Jacques on June 22, 1904. It closed on November 30, 1913, re-opened April 11, 1919, and was discontinued on July 31, 1955.

Delta County, Michigan
Delta County is a county in the Upper Peninsula in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,903. The county seat is Escanaba. The county was surveyed in 1843 and organized in 1861. Its name originates from the Greek letter delta (Δ), which refers to the triangular shape of the original county which included segments of Menominee, Dickinson, Iron, and Marquette counties. Recreation and forest products are major industries, and crops include hay, corn, small grains, potatoes, and strawberries.

Delta County comprises the Escanaba, MI Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Yonex
Yonex Co., Ltd. (ヨネックス株式会社, Yonekkusu Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese sports equipment manufacturing company. Yonex produces equipment and apparel for tennis, badminton, golf, running, and snowboarding.

Its range of products manufactured and commercialized includes equipment for badminton and tennis (rackets, shuttlecocks, balls, bags) and golf (clubs, bags). Yonex also produces athletic shoes and apparel including T-shirts, jackets, skirts, shorts, hoodies, leggings and hats.

Tennis ball
A tennis ball is a small, hollow ball used in games of tennis and real tennis. Tennis balls are fluorescent yellow in professional competitions, but in recreational play other colors are also used. Tennis balls are covered in a fibrous felt, which modifies their aerodynamic properties, and each has a white curvilinear oval covering it.
2007 West Bengal food riots
The 2007 West Bengal food riots took place in West Bengal, India over shortage of food and widespread corruption in the public distribution system. The riots first happened in Burdwan, Bankura, and Birbhum districts but later spread to other districts. The riots started on 16 September 2007 in Radhamohanpur village in Bankura district.

Three villagers were shot dead and more than 300 villagers were injured in riots. At least three ration distributors committed suicide. The State Government suspended 113 dealers and served show cause notices to 37 food inspectors. A Supreme Court of India appointed committee has found wide-spread corruption to be the root cause of the riots.

Radhamohanpur
Radhamohanpur is a village in Debra Community Development Block in West Medinipur District of West Bengal, India. It is located in the Burdwan Division, 28 km towards East from District headquarters Midnapore. Bengali is the Local Language. Radhamohanpur village is surrounded by Pingla Block towards South, Panskura-I Block towards East, Kharagpur-II Block towards west, Keshpur Block towards North. Radhamohanpur Railway Station lies along the Kharagpur- Howrah Railway line.
1961 Montana Grizzlies football team
The 1961 Montana Grizzlies football team represented the University of Montana in the 1961 college football season as a member of the Skyline Conference (Skyline). The Grizzlies were led by fourth-year head coach Ray Jenkins, played their home games at Dornblaser Field and finished the season with a record of two wins and six losses (2–6, 2–4 Skyline).

This was the last year for the conference; the new Western Athletic Conference (WAC) debuted the next season; Montana was an independent in 1962 and a charter member of the Big Sky Conference in 1963.

1962 Montana Grizzlies football team
The 1962 Montana Grizzlies football team represented the University of Montana as an independent during the 1962 NCAA University Division football season. Grizzlies were led by fifth-year head coach Ray Jenkins, played their home games at Dornblaser Field, and finished the season with a record of five wins and five losses (5–5).

The Skyline Conference had dissolved in the summer and was succeeded by the new Western Athletic Conference (WAC); Montana was an independent this season and a charter member of the Big Sky Conference in 1963.
Anna Karoline
Anna Karoline is a jekt (a single-masted open cargo sailing ship) often called Nordlandsjekt, built at Brataker in Mosvik Municipality, Norway in 1876.

The jekt type was for centuries the most important freight vessel along the coast of Norway and Anna Karoline is typical for jekt vessels sailing between Northern Norway and Bergen. She was purchased by the museum Nordland County Museum (now the Nordland Museum) in 1954 and placed ashore at Bodøsjøen south of the center of the city of Bodø. The Nordland Museum has plans for constructing a large building around Anna Karoline to preserve the vessel and exhibit her as a museum ship.

Grøndahl & Søn Forlag
Grøndahl & Søn Forlag was a Norwegian publishing house established in 1812. Christopher Grøndahl (1784–1864) started it as a print in 1812, before it started commercial publishing in 1875. In 1925 the company expanded into piano manufacturing when it purchased Hals, an Oslo-based piano company. It was acquired by J.W. Cappelens Forlag in 1990, merged with Dreyers Forlag in 1991 into Grøndahl & Dreyers Forlag. The latter company was merged into Cappelen in 1999.
2011 Swale Borough Council election
The 2011 Swale Borough Council election took place on 5 May 2011 to elect members of Swale Borough Council in Kent, England. The whole council was up for election and the Conservative Party stayed in overall control of the council.

Borough status in the United Kingdom
Borough status is granted by royal charter to local government districts in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The status is purely honorary, and does not give any additional powers to the council or inhabitants of the district. In Scotland, similarly chartered communities were known as royal burghs, although the status is no longer granted.
Olga Romasko
Olga Vladimirovna Romasko (Russian: Ольга Владимировна Ромасько) (born 18 April 1968 in Borodino, Krasnoyarsk Krai) is a former Russian biathlete. She began with biathlon in 1993. Both in 1996 and 1997, she became world champion in the 7.5 km sprint event. Romasko also won a bronze medal both in the pursuit and on the relay in 1997. At the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, she won a silver medal with the Russian relay team. Over the course of her career she had four individual world cup victories.

Nagano (city)
Nagano (長野市, Nagano-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜɡano, naɡanoꜜɕi]) is the capital and largest city of Nagano Prefecture, located in the Nagano Basin (Zenkoji Daira) in the central Chūbu region of Japan. Nagano is categorized as a core city of Japan. Nagano City is the highest prefectural capital in Japan, with an altitude of 371.4 meters (1,219 ft).

The city is surrounded by mountains, the highest of which is Mount Takatsuma (2,353 m), and it is near the confluence of the Chikuma River—the longest and widest river in Japan—and the Sai River. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 365,296 in 160,625 households, and a population density of 438 persons per km². The total area of the city is 834.81 square kilometres (322.32 sq mi).
Food Science and Technology Abstracts
FSTA, also known as FSTA – Food Science and Technology Abstracts, is produced by IFIS Publishing.

FSTA is a bibliographic abstracting and indexing (A&I) database of scientific and technological research and information relating to food, beverages, and nutrition. It contains over 1,400,000 indexed records, with full-text links where available.

The database is used by researchers, industry practitioners, and university students.

Abstract (summary)
An abstract is a brief summary of a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding, or any in-depth analysis of a particular subject and is often used to help the reader quickly ascertain the paper's purpose. When used, an abstract always appears at the beginning of a manuscript or typescript, acting as the point-of-entry for any given academic paper or patent application.  Abstracting and indexing services for various academic disciplines are aimed at compiling a body of literature for that particular subject.

The terms précis or synopsis are used in some publications to refer to the same thing that other publications might call an "abstract". In management reports, an executive summary usually contains more information (and often more sensitive information) than the abstract does.
Scleranthus fasciculatus
Scleranthus fasciculatus, commonly known as spreading knawel, is a rare, spreading, non-woody herb found in the south-eastern states of Australia and introduced to New Zealand. The species is found in dry grassland habitats and requires the maintenance of inter-tussock spaces for its establishment and persistence. A number of anthropogenic factors have contributed to the species decline such as impacts from land clearing, road construction and maintenance, and herbicide application.

Pesticide application
Pesticide application is the practical way in which pesticides (including herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, or nematicides) are delivered to their biological targets (e.g. pest organism, crop or other plant).

Pesticides and other agrochemicals can be applied in several ways. Conventional application methods include ground-based foliar sprays, root drenches, broadcasting of granules, and seed coating; aerial application methods have recently included agricultural drones.

Other methods, used less commonly on farms, but more in small scale, domestic or garden application are soil injection, spot treatment, wiper application and space treatments (foggers).
Sa-nga Ban
Sa-nga Ban (Thai: สง่าบ้าน, pronounced [sā.ŋàː bâːn]) is a tambon (subdistrict) of Doi Saket District, in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. In 2005 it had a population of 2,225 people. The tambon contains five villages.

Doi Saket district
Doi Saket (Thai: ดอยสะเก็ด, pronounced [dɔ̄ːj sā.kèt]; Northern Thai:  ดอยสะเก๋ด, pronounced [dɔ̄ːj sā.kět]) is a district (amphoe) in the eastern part of Chiang Mai province in northern Thailand. The district is predominantly a rural farming area, containing a mixture of rice fields on the valley floor to orchard and other farming on the hillsides. The village is known for its Wat Phra That Doi Saket that has remarkable murals inside.