hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qedar (person)
Qēḏār (Ancient North Arabian: 𐪄𐪕𐪇, romanized: qdr, Ancient Greek: Κηδάρ, romanized: Kēdár, Arabic: قيدار, romanized: qīdār, Hebrew: קֵדָר, romanized: qēḏār), also spelled as Kēdár, was the eponymous ancestor of the Qedarite tribal confederation. He is mentioned in the Bible as being a son of Ishmael and is regarded as being the ancestor of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The city of Qeydar in the Central District of Khodabandeh County in Iran is named after him.

Ancient North Arabian languages
Ancient North Arabian languages are a hypothetical family of ancient Semitic languages represented in the Ancient North Arabian scripts. Among the languages of pre-Islamic Arabia, they are closely related to Old Arabic, although distinct from it.
Kosh-Agachsky District
Kosh-Agachsky District (Russian: Кош-Ага́чский райо́н, romanized: Kosh-Agachskij raion; Altay: Кош-Агаш аймак, Кӧжӧӧ-Агаш аймак, romanized: Qoş-Ağaş aymaq, Köjöö-Ağaş aymaq; Kazakh: Қосағаш ауданы, romanized: Qosağaş audany) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the ten in the Altai Republic, Russia. It is located in the south and southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 19,845 square kilometers (7,662 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Kosh-Agach. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 18,263, with the population of Kosh-Agach accounting for 43.3% of that number.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Aeroport T1 (Barcelona Metro)
Aeroport T1 is a Barcelona Metro station that serves terminal T1 of Barcelona–El Prat Airport, in the municipality of El Prat de Llobregat, to the southwest of Barcelona. It is the southern terminus of the airport branch of Barcelona Metro line 9 (L9) and is operated by Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB).

Opened in 2016, the station is located underneath the airport terminal and consists of two levels. The trains run on the lower level, where there is a 16-metre (52 ft) island platform featuring screen doors. Adjacent to the station is a depot that can accommodate 12 trains. A new commuter rail link is projected to reach the station in the future.

Platform screen doors
Platform screen doors (PSDs), also known as platform edge doors (PEDs), are used at some train, rapid transit and people mover stations to separate the platform from train tracks, as well as on some bus rapid transit, tram and light rail systems. Primarily used for passenger safety, they are a relatively new addition to many metro systems around the world, some having been retrofitted to established systems. They are widely used in newer Asian and European metro systems, and Latin American bus rapid transit systems.
Toddington Narrow Gauge Railway
The Toddington Narrow Gauge Railway (TNGR) is a 2 ft (610 mm) narrow-gauge railway running alongside the Gloucestershire and Warwickshire Railway at Toddington. It was built in 1985 when the Dowty Railway Preservation Society needed a new home for its collection of narrow-gauge rolling stock. The rail used on the railway was purchased from the Southend Pier Railway and Vale of Rheidol Railway.

The railway was originally named the North Gloucestershire Railway, but in 2018 is officially called the Toddington Narrow Gauge Railway.

Vale of Rheidol Railway
The Vale of Rheidol Railway (Welsh: Rheilffordd Cwm Rheidol) is a 1 ft 11+3⁄4 in (603 mm) narrow gauge heritage railway in Ceredigion, Wales, between Aberystwyth and Devil's Bridge; a journey of 11+3⁄4 miles (18.9 km).

It opened in 1902 and, from the withdrawal of main line steam on British Rail in 1968 until privatisation in 1989, it was the sole steam-operated line on the 1948 nationalised British Rail network. It was one of the first parts of British Rail to be privatised. Unlike most other preserved railways in the United Kingdom, the Vale of Rheidol Railway did not have a period of closure between its being part of the national rail system and becoming a heritage railway, and so has operated a continuous service for residents and tourists.
Vaguely Noble
Vaguely Noble (1965–1989) was an Irish-bred Thoroughbred racehorse who competed in the United Kingdom and France. The colt is best known as the winner of the 1968 Group One Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe when he defeated the best horses from England, France, Ireland and Italy. He was later a leading sire in Great Britain & Ireland and a Leading broodmare sire in GB & Ireland. Vaguely Noble is one of the highest-rated horses ever to run in Europe.

Leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland
The title of champion, or leading, sire of racehorses in Great Britain and Ireland is awarded to the stallion whose offspring have won the most prize money in Britain and Ireland during the flat racing season. The current (2023) champion is Frankel, who earned his first title in 2021.

Unlike the similar title for leading sire in North America, the stallion in question does not need to have resided in Great Britain or Ireland during his stud career, although the vast majority have done so. Northern Dancer is the most notable example of a North American-based stallion who won this title. The Northern Dancer sire line has dominated the list for the last several decades, mostly through his son Sadler's Wells (14 titles) and grandson Galileo (12 titles).

The 2016 novel Mount! by Jilly Cooper describes the process to gain the fictional title for global leading sire.
Katerina Sakellaropoulou
Katerina N. Sakellaropoulou (Greek: Κατερίνα Ν. Σακελλαροπούλου [kateˈrina sacelaroˈpulu]; born 30 May 1956) is a Greek retired judge who served as the president of Greece from 2020 to 2025. She was elected by the Hellenic Parliament to succeed Prokopis Pavlopoulos on 22 January 2020. Prior to her election as president, Sakellaropoulou served as president of the Council of State, the highest administrative court of Greece. She was the country's first female president.

President of Greece
The president of Greece, officially the president of the Hellenic Republic (Greek: Πρόεδρος της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, romanized: Próedros tis Ellinikís Dimokratías), commonly referred to in Greek as the president of the Republic (Πρόεδρος της Δημοκρατίας, Próedros tis Dimokratías, ΠτΔ), is the head of state of Greece. The president is elected by the Hellenic Parliament; the role has been mainly ceremonial since the 1986 constitutional reform. The office was formally established by the Constitution of Greece in 1975, but has antecedents in the Second Hellenic Republic of 1924–1935 and the Greek junta in 1973–1974 which predated the transition to the current Third Hellenic Republic.
Bernard Saul II
Bernard Francis Saul II (born April 15, 1932
) is an American billionaire heir and businessman. He is the chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of Saul Centers, private real estate firm based in Bethesda, Maryland, since 1993.

Billionaire
A billionaire is a person whose net worth is at least one billion units of a given currency, typically USD. It is a sub-category of the concept of the ultra high-net-worth individual. The American business magazine Forbes produces a global list of known U.S. dollar billionaires every year and updates an internet version of this list in real time. The American oil magnate John D. Rockefeller became the world's first confirmed billionaire in 1916.

Nineteen individuals had attained the status of centibillionaires, each with a net worth of at least $100 billion, as of January 2026. As of March 2025, there are 3028 billionaires worldwide, with a combined wealth of over $16.1 trillion, up nearly $2 trillion over 2024.
Waikiki Wedding
Waikiki Wedding is a 1937 American musical film directed by Frank Tuttle and starring Bing Crosby, 
Bob Burns, Martha Raye, and Shirley Ross. Crosby plays the part of Tony Marvin, a PR man charged with extolling the virtues of the Territory of Hawaii. The female lead, played by Shirley Ross is a local beauty queen who makes unhelpful comments about the islands.  Bob Burns, along with Martha Raye, are the "comic relief". Amongst the supporting cast was a young Anthony Quinn. It was made by Paramount Pictures as a rival to the Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers films then being made by RKO Pictures.

The film is best remembered for the song "Sweet Leilani" with words and music by Harry Owens, which won the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1937. Other songs included "Blue Hawaii", "In a Little Hula Heaven", "Nani Ona Pua", "Okolehao", and "Sweet Is the Word for You".

Academy Award for Best Original Song
The Academy Award for Best Original Song is one of the awards given annually to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is presented to the songwriters who have composed the best original song written specifically for a film. The performers of a song are not credited with the Academy Award unless they contributed either to music, lyrics, or both in their own right. The songs that are nominated for this award are typically performed during the ceremony and before this award is presented.

The award category was introduced at the 7th Academy Awards, the ceremony honoring the best in film for 1934. Nominations are made by Academy members who are songwriters and composers, and the winners are chosen by the Academy membership as a whole. Fifteen songs are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Red Oak Power
Red Oak is an 830-megawatt combined cycle gas turbine power plant located in Sayreville, New Jersey not far from the South River opened in 2002.

Energy Capital acquired it from a subsidiary of the AES Corporation in April 2012, which, in November 2013, sold it to the Carlyle Group.

Damage to the plant due to Hurricane Sandy in 2012 took it offline line for five months.

TAQA subsidiary TAQA Gen-X owns 85% and Morgan Stanley owns 15% of the tolling agreement for the facility through its with partner. Natural gas  is provided by New Jersey Resources. It is part of the PJM Interconnection of the Eastern Interconnection grid electric transmission system. A 2013 report named It is one of the largest single sources of carbon pollution in the state.

The Sayreville Energy Center operated by NextEra Energy Resources is nearby.

The Carlyle Group
The Carlyle Group Inc. is an American multinational company with operations in private equity, alternative asset management and financial services. As of 2023, the company had $426 billion of assets under management.

Carlyle specializes in private equity, real assets, and private credit. One of the world's largest investment firms, it ranked first among private equity firms by capital raised from 2010-2015, according to the PEI 300 index. In June 2024, it ranked sixth in Private Equity International's PEI 300 ranking among the world's largest private equity firms.

Founded in 1987 in Washington, D.C., the company has nearly 2,200 employees in 28 offices on four continents as of December 2023. On May 3, 2012, Carlyle completed a US$700 million initial public offering and began trading on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
Elizabeth S. Radcliffe
Elizabeth S. Radcliffe is Professor of philosophy at William & Mary. She is the author of Hume, Passion, and Action, which discusses David Hume's views on passion's role in driving our actions and constituting our moral judgments. Simon Blackburn calls it "a beautifully judged, balanced, and therefore especially valuable addition to the literature."

Radcliffe is editor of A Companion to Hume, and co-editor of Late Modern Philosophy: Essential Readings with Commentary. She is co-editor of the journal Hume Studies, with Mark G. Spencer and president of the Hume Society from 2010 to 2012.

Before coming to William & Mary, Radcliffe was Professor of Philosophy at Santa Clara University. She has chaired each department. She received her MA and PhD from Cornell University in 1990. She has received two NEH Research Fellowships and an NEH Summer Stipend.

Hume Studies
Hume Studies is an interdisciplinary journal that publishes articles on the philosophical thought of David Hume. It is published by the Hume Society in April and November issues. There is open access to the journal's first 30 volumes, which are available in their issue archive. Members of the Hume Society have online access to all volumes.
Responsibly And Professionally Invigorating Development Act of 2013
The Responsibly And Professionally Invigorating Development Act of 2013 (H.R. 2641) is a bill that would aim to expedite the review process required by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for construction projects that are partly or fully financed with federal funds or require permits or approvals from federal regulatory agencies. It was to do so by establishing specific deadlines for environmental reviews, which sometimes go on so long that they can delay a project for years.

The bill passed in the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

113th United States Congress
The 113th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, from January 3, 2013, to January 3, 2015, during the fifth and sixth years of Barack Obama's presidency. It was composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives based on the results of the 2012 Senate elections and the 2012 House elections. The seats in the House were apportioned based on the 2010 United States census. It first met in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2013, and it ended on January 3, 2015. Senators elected to regular terms in 2008 were in the last two years of those terms during this Congress.

The Senate had a Democratic majority, while the House had a Republican majority; such a split would not be repeated until the 118th Congress. This was the last time Democrats held control of the Senate until the 117th Congress in 2021.
Otto Devrient
Otto Devrient (born 3 October 1838 in Berlin; † 23 June 1894 in Stettin) was a German actor and playwright.

Devrient was the son of Philipp Eduard Devrient. He first went on stage in 1856, training in Stuttgart, Berlin and Leipzig. In 1863, he entered the Hoftheater in Karlsruhe, and moved to the Hoftheater in Weimar in 1873 as character role actor and director.

There, he made an impression with his staging of Goethes Faust. In 1876, he became chief director of the Hoftheater in Mannheim, in 1877 intendant of the new municipal theatre in Frankfurt, and after a tour through Berlin, Cologne, and Düsseldorf, he settled in Jena, where he received a PhD h.c.. In 1884, he became director of the Hoftheater in Oldenburg.

Oldenburg (city)
Oldenburg (German pronunciation: [ˈɔldn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ; Northern Low Saxon: Ollnborg) is an independent city in the state of Lower Saxony, Germany.  The city is officially named Oldenburg (Oldb) (Oldenburg in Oldenburg) to distinguish from Oldenburg in Holstein.

During the French annexation (1811–1813) in the wake of the Napoleonic war against Britain, it was also known as Le Vieux-Bourg in French. The city is at the rivers Hunte and Haaren, in the northwestern region between the cities of Bremen in the east and Groningen (Netherlands) in the west. According to Germany's 2022 census, the city's population is 176.068 in 2024. Oldenburg is part of the Northwest Metropolitan Region, which is home to approximately 2.8 million people.

The city is the place of origin of the House of Oldenburg. Before the end of the German Empire (1918), it was the administrative centre and residence of the monarchs of Oldenburg.
Viral arthritis (poultry)
Viral arthritis is an infectious disease in poultry, such as chickens and turkeys, caused by Avian reovirus. Arthritis and tenosynovitis are the main signs of Avian reovirus infection in chickens, although the virus can cause other signs.

The prominent sign is swelling of the digital flexor and metatarsal extensor tendons. The hock joint itself is not so sharply affected, showing just a small amount of synovial exsudate when opened.

Vaccination is the primary method used to control this disease.

Hock (anatomy)
The hock, tarsus or uncommonly gambrel, is the region formed by the tarsal bones connecting the tibia and metatarsus of a digitigrade or unguligrade quadrupedal mammal, such as a horse, cat, or dog.   This joint may include articulations between tarsal bones and the fibula in some species (such as cats), while in others the fibula has been greatly reduced and is only found as a vestigial remnant fused to the distal portion of the tibia (as in horses). It is the anatomical homologue of the ankle of the human foot.  While homologous joints occur in other tetrapods, the term is generally restricted to mammals, particularly long-legged domesticated species.
William K. MacNulty
William Kirk MacNulty (May 22, 1892 in Antrim, Pennsylvania – August 3, 1964) was a U. S. Marine. He was a U.S. Marine Corps second lieutenant during World War I and saw action at the Battle of the Argonne Forest. He served as a captain during the Second U.S. Nicaraguan Campaign (1926–1933). During the Second World War, as a lieutenant colonel he commanded the U.S. Marine Corps defense of Guam against Imperial Japanese forces during the First Battle of Guam. He was incarcerated by the Japanese as a prisoner of war. He was promoted to brigadier general during captivity and retired from military service in 1946. He is buried at the Golden Gate National Cemetery in San Bruno, San Mateo County, California.

Golden Gate National Cemetery
Golden Gate National Cemetery is a United States national cemetery in California, located in the city of San Bruno, 12 miles (20 km) south of San Francisco. Because of the name and location, it is frequently confused with San Francisco National Cemetery, which dates to the 19th century and is in the Presidio of San Francisco, in view of the Golden Gate. Around 1937, San Francisco residents voted to bar the opening of new cemeteries within the city proper and, as a result, the site for the new national cemetery was selected south of the city limits in adjacent San Mateo County.
Sintsov
Notable people with surname Sintsov (Cyrillic: Синцов) include:

Anton Sintsov (born 1985), Russian road and mountain bike racer

Dmitrii Sintsov (1867–1946), Russian and Soviet mathematician

Notable people with surname Sintzoff include:

Michel Sintzoff (1938–2010), Belgian mathematician and computer scientist

Michel Sintzoff
Michel Sintzoff (12 August 1938 – 28 November 2010) was a Belgian mathematician and computer scientist.

He was one of the editors of the Revised Report on the Algorithmic Language Algol 68.

He was a member of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) IFIP Working Group 2.1 on Algorithmic Languages and Calculi, which specified, maintains, and supports the programming languages ALGOL 60 and ALGOL 68.

He was also a member of IFIP Working Group 2.3 on Programming Methodology, of which he was chairperson from 2003 to 2006.

In 1981, he founded the journal Science of Computer Programming. Until 1999, he was editor-in-chief.

In 1993, he was elected a member of the Academia Europaea.
T&S Communications
T&S Communications, simply referred to as T&S (sometimes as T and S), fully known as T&S Communications Co., Ltd., is a Chinese fiber optic communication company founded in 2000. After obtaining approval from the CSRC, the company was listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in December 2016, with China Merchants Securities as its lead underwriter. It specializes in manufacturing fiber optic connectors and ceramic ferrules.

T&S products are mainly for the European and American markets, such as Hungary, and the US. The company also entered the metaverse communication network market. In 2017, it acquired Ruixinyuan Technology. In 2019, it received more than $15 million in subsidies from the Chinese government. In 2022, its full-year sales reached more than 930 million yuan.

Optical fiber connector
An optical fiber connector is a device used to link optical fibers, facilitating the efficient transmission of light signals. An optical fiber connector enables quicker connection and disconnection than splicing.

They come in various types like SC, LC, ST, and MTP, each designed for specific applications. In all, about 100 different types of fiber optic connectors have been introduced to the market.

These connectors include components such as ferrules and alignment sleeves for precise fiber alignment.  Quality connectors lose very little light due to reflection or misalignment of the fibers.

Optical fiber connectors are categorized into single-mode and multimode types based on their distinct characteristics. Industry standards ensure compatibility among different connector types and manufacturers. These connectors find applications in telecommunications, data centers, and industrial settings.
Chris Norton
Chris Norton is a former American football defensive back, who played Division III football for the Luther College Norse.  His football career ended in 2010 when he became paralyzed while making a tackle during a kick off in a game against Central College.  He was given a 3% chance of ever regaining movement below the neck but has continued to recover some sensation and mobility throughout his body—including his hands, legs, feet and torso. Today he lives in Florida with his wife where he manages his non-profit foundation and works full-time as a motivational speaker.

Paralysis
Paralysis (pl.: paralyses; also known as plegia) is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles. Paralysis can also be accompanied by a loss of feeling (sensory loss) in the affected area if there is sensory damage. In the United States, roughly 1 in 50 people have been diagnosed with some form of permanent or transient paralysis. The word "paralysis" derives from the Greek παράλυσις, meaning "disabling of the nerves" from παρά (para) meaning "beside, by" and λύσις (lysis) meaning "making loose". A paralysis accompanied by involuntary tremors is usually called "palsy".
1982 Epsom Derby
The 1982 Epsom Derby was the 203rd annual running of the Derby horse race. It took place at Epsom Downs Racecourse on 2 June 1982.

The race was won by Robert Sangster's Golden Fleece, at odds of 3/1 ridden by jockey Pat Eddery and trained at Ballydoyle by Vincent O'Brien. Golden Fleece's win was the sixth in the race for O'Brien and the second for Eddery. The winning time of 2:34.27 was the fastest since Mahmoud's hand-timed 2:33.8 in 1936.

Mahmoud (horse)
Mahmoud (1933–1962) was a French-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In a career which lasted from April 1935 to September 1936 he ran eleven times and won four races. In 1935 he won two of Britain's most important two-year-old races and was officially rated the second-best colt of his generation. In 1936 he won only once from five starts, but this win came in the Derby in which he set a race record which stood for fifty-nine years, and became the third of only four greys to win the race. After being retired from racing he was sold and exported to the United States, where he became a highly successful breeding stallion and was America's Champion sire in 1946.