hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Burong isda
Burong isda (literally "fermented fish") is a Filipino dish consisting of cooked rice and raw filleted fish fermented with salt and angkak (red yeast rice) for around a week. The dish is common in Central Luzon, and is traditionally produced by the Sambal people, the Pangasinan people, the Ilocano people, the Kapampangan people, and the Tagalog people. Angkak may also be omitted, especially in western central Luzon, resulting in a white-colored version. Burong isda variants are usually named after the fish they were made with; e.g. burong bangus for burong isda made with bangus (milkfish). Shrimp versions of the dish are known as burong hipon or balao-balao. Burong isda is very similar to other fermented fish and rice dishes of Asia, including narezushi of Japanese cuisine and pla ra of Thai cuisine. All of these dishes rely on lactic acid fermentation to preserve the food.

Milkfish
The milkfish (Chanos chanos) is a widespread species of ray-finned fish found throughout the Indo-Pacific. It is the sole living species in the family Chanidae, and the only living member of the genus Chanos.
The repeating scientific name (tautonym) is from Greek khanos (χάνος 'mouth'). They are grouped in the order Gonorhynchiformes and are most closely related to the Ostariophysi—freshwater fishes such as carps, catfish, and loaches.

The species has many common names. The Hawaiian name for the fish is awa, and in Tahitian it is ava. It is called bangús (Tagalog: [bɐˈŋus]) in the Philippines, where it is popularly known as the national fish, although the National Commission for Culture and the Arts has stated that this is not the case as it has no basis in Philippine law. In the Nauruan language, it is referred to as ibiya. Milkfish is also called bandeng or bolu in Indonesia.
Montreal Lake (Ontario)
Montreal Lake is a lake in the Lake Superior drainage basin in Sudbury District, Ontario, Canada, and the source of the Montreal River. It is about 1.5 kilometres (0.9 mi) long and 0.7 kilometres (0.4 mi) wide, and lies at an elevation of 447 metres (1,467 ft) on the north side of the community of Island Lake. The primary outflow, at the east, is the Montreal River, which flows to Lake Superior at Montreal River Harbour.

Unorganized North Algoma District
Unorganized North Algoma District is an unorganized area in northeastern Ontario, Canada, comprising all areas in Algoma District, north of the Sault Ste. Marie to Elliot Lake corridor, which are not part of an incorporated municipality or a First Nation. It covers 43,618.95 km2 (16,841.37 sq mi) of land, and had a population of 6,050 in 2021. Many of these communities were/are stations on the Algoma Central Railway or were logging/mining towns.
Pashneh Daran
Pashneh Daran (Persian: پاشنه دران, also Romanized as Pāshneh Dārān; also known as Pāshneh Dar, Pāshneh Darū, and Pāshteh Darān) is a village in Dastgerdan Rural District, Dastgerdan District, Tabas County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 23, in 8 families.

Dastgerdan Rural District
Dastgerdan Rural District (Persian: دهستان دستگردان) is in the Central District of Eshqabad County, South Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Hudar. It was previously administered from the city of Eshqabad.
Charles McIntosh
Charles McIntosh (April 4, 1892 – 1970) was a Scottish-born farmer and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Kinistino in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1925 to 1933 as a Liberal.

He was born near Edinburgh, the son of John McIntosh and Elizabeth Pratt, came to Canada with his family in 1904, and was educated in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba. McIntosh married Genevieve H. Laidlaw in 1919. He served overseas with the Canadian Expeditionary Force during World War I. In 1932, McIntosh decided to support the coalition government of James Thomas Milton Anderson. Anderson named McIntosh to his cabinet as Minister of Natural Resources on April 29, 1933. However, when McIntosh ran for reelection to the assembly as a government supporter on May 22 that same year, he was defeated by Liberal John Richard Parish Taylor.

Canadian Expeditionary Force
The Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF; French: Corps expéditionnaire canadien) was the expeditionary field force of Canada during the First World War. It was formed on August 15, 1914, following Britain’s declaration of war on the German Empire, with an initial strength of one infantry division. The division subsequently fought at Ypres on the Western Front, with a newly raised second division reinforcing the committed units to form the Canadian Corps. The CEF and corps was eventually expanded to four infantry divisions, which were all committed to the fighting in France and Belgium along the Western Front. A fifth division was partially raised in 1917, but was broken up in 1918 and used as reinforcements following heavy casualties.
Ryn, Ostróda County
Ryn [rɨn] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ostróda, within Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) south of Ostróda and 39 km (24 mi) south-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Gmina Ostróda
Gmina Ostróda is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostróda, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 401.06 square kilometres (154.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 15,501.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Dylewo Hills Landscape Park.
Riley Towers
Riley Towers are two residential high-rise apartment buildings in downtown Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. Riley Towers were conceived as part of an expansive urban renewal project known as Project H. The complex was constructed between 1962 and 1963. Towers I and II have 30 floors and Tower III has 16 floors. Riley Towers I and II are the tallest residential buildings in the state of Indiana. The towers are distinctive for their cantilevered corner balconies.

The complex is owned and managed by Indianapolis-based Barrett & Stokely, Inc., which purchased the property in 1993. Amenities include a three-level parking garage; a private outdoor swimming pool, lounge, and grilling area; a fitness center; and ground-level retail. An open-air skyway spans E. North St., connecting Tower I to the complex's parking structure.

The complex is named for famed poet James Whitcomb Riley, whose museum home stands in the nearby Lockerbie Square Historic District.

Cantilever
A cantilever is a structural element that is firmly attached to a fixed structure at one end and is unsupported at the other end. Sometimes it projects from a vertical surface such as a wall. A cantilever can be in the form of a beam, plate, truss, or slab.

When subjected to a structural load at its far, unsupported end, the cantilever carries the load to the support where it applies a shear stress and a bending moment.

Cantilever construction allows overhanging structures without external support.
Century Initiative
The Century Initiative is a Canadian lobby group that aims to increase Canada's population to 100 million by 2100. This includes increasing the population of megaregions, which are interlocking areas with more than one city centre and a typical population of 5 million or more (e.g., the Greater Toronto Area, Greater Vancouver, and the National Capital Region).

The Century Initiative was co-founded by Mark Wiseman and Dominic Barton, who also led the Advisory Council on Economic Growth under three-term Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.
The Initiative was supported by former Progressive Conservative Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, and by influential Liberal Party advisors including advisors to former Minister of Finance Bill Morneau. The Century Initiative has been listed on Canada's lobbyist registry since 2021 and has organized meetings with the immigration minister's office, the minister's parliamentary secretary, and Conservative and NDP members of parliament.

City centre
A city centre, also known as an urban core, is the commercial, cultural and often the historical, political, and geographic heart of a city. The term "city centre" is used mainly in British English, and closely equivalent terms that exist in other languages, such as "centre-ville" in French, Stadtzentrum in German, or shìzhōngxīn (市中心) in Chinese. In the United States, the term "downtown" is generally used, though a few cities, like Philadelphia, use the term "Center City" or "City Center".
Michel Roquejeoffre
Michel Roquejeoffre (French pronunciation: [miʃɛl ʁɔkʒɔfʁ]; 28 November 1933 – 18 October 2024) was a French Army general. He commanded Operation Daguet, the French operations during the Gulf War. French forces, a part of the coalition forces, counted 18,000 soldiers and took a direct involvement in the battles with Iraqi forces, both on Kuwait and Iraqi territories.

Before that Roquejeoffre participated in the Algerian War and later missions in Chad, Lebanon and Cambodia. He entered Saint-Cyr in 1952. He retired in 1993.

Allied commander, U.S. General Norman Schwarzkopf Jr. described Roquejeoffre in his memoirs as one of his most trusted confidants during the war. Roquejeoffre was awarded the Legion of Merit by the United States for his services in the Gulf War.

Roquejeoffre died on 18 October 2024, at the age of 90.

École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr
The École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr (lit. 'Special Military School of Saint-Cyr', abbr. ESM), often referred to as Saint-Cyr, is a French military academy. It is located in Coëtquidan in Guer, Morbihan, Brittany. French cadet officers are called saint-cyriens or cyrards.

French students who enter Saint-Cyr as cadets are about 21 years old, and undergo three years of training. All ESM cadets graduate with a Master of Arts or a Master of Science and are commissioned officers.

The academy was founded in Fontainebleau in 1802 by Napoleon. It was moved in 1806 to the buildings of the former Maison Royale de Saint-Louis, in Saint-Cyr-l'École, west of Paris. During the Second World War, the cadets moved several times due to the German invasion. They eventually settled in 1945 in the Coëtquidan military camp in Morbihan.

France's other senior military institutes are the École de guerre and the École de guerre - Terre, located in the École militaire complex, in Paris.
Christchurch railway station, New Zealand
Christchurch railway station is in the Canterbury region of New Zealand's South Island. It is on the Main North Line at Addington junction, and is the only remaining passenger railway station in the city: suburban passenger trains were cancelled due to lack of demand in the 1970s.  It is the terminus of the South Island's two remaining long-distance passenger trains, the Coastal Pacific to Picton and the TranzAlpine to Greymouth. and the Southerner to Dunedin.

The current station is the third to serve Christchurch. The two earlier stations were adjacent to each other on Moorhouse Avenue, a short distance to the east on the Main South Line, closer to the city centre.

Greymouth
Greymouth (/ˈɡreɪmaʊθ/) (Māori: Māwhera) is the largest town in the West Coast region in the South Island of New Zealand, and the seat of the Grey District Council. The population of the whole Grey District is 14,600, which accounts for 42% of the West Coast's inhabitants. The Greymouth urban area had an estimated population of 8,610 (June 2025). A large proportion of the District, 65%, is part of the Conservation Estate owned and managed by the Department of Conservation making Greymouth a natural centre for walkers and trampers.
Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture
Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture in the northern Xinjiang, China. Its capital is Bole, also known as Bortala. It has a population of 475,483 inhabiting an area of 27,000 km2 (10,000 sq mi). Despite being designated an autonomous area for Mongols in China, only a little over five and a half per cent of Bortala's population is Mongol.

Autonomous prefecture
Autonomous prefectures (Chinese: 自治州; pinyin: zìzhìzhōu) are one type of autonomous administrative division in China, existing at the prefectural level, with either ethnic minorities forming over 50% of the population or being, most commonly, the historic home of significant minorities. The official name of an autonomous prefecture includes the most significant minority in that region, sometimes two, rarely three. For example, a prefecture with a large number of Kazakhs (Kazak in official naming system) may be called a Kazak Autonomous Prefecture. Like all other prefectural level divisions, autonomous prefectures are divided into county level divisions. There is one exception: Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture contains two prefectures of its own. Under the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, autonomous prefectures cannot be abolished.
Le duc de Guise
Le duc de Guise (full title Le duc de Guise, ou Les ėtats de Blois (The Duke of Guise, or The Council of Blois)) is an opéra comique in three acts by George Onslow, to a libretto by François-Antoine-Eugène de Planard and Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges, based on a play from 1809 of the same name by François Just Marie Raynouard. The opera received its premiere on 8 September 1837 at the Opéra-Comique in Paris.

The opera, which centres on the assassination of the Duc de Guise in 1588, was the third and last of Onslow's operas to be produced. The text and music were well received by the audience, but Gérard de Nerval complained in a review that they had not offered Jenny Colon the opportunity to display her talents.

Onslow made an arrangement of extracts of the opera for string quartet (his Op. 60).

Blois
Middle Ages portal

Blois (/blwɑː/ BLWAH; French: [blwa] ⓘ) is a commune and the capital city of Loir-et-Cher department, in Centre-Val de Loire, France, on the banks of the lower Loire river between Orléans and Tours.

With 45,898 inhabitants by 2019, Blois is the most populated city of the department, and the 4th of the region.

Historically, the city was the capital of the County of Blois, created in 832 until its integration into the Royal domain in 1498, when Count Louis II of Orléans became King Louis XII of France. During the Renaissance, Blois was the official residence of the King of France.
Ellie Miles
Ellie Miles (born 7 February 1999) is a women's rugby union player from Royal Tunbridge Wells, Kent, England who plays for Harlequins Ladies in the Premier 15s as a scrum-half or wing. She started her career at her hometown club Tunbridge Wells RFC and helped coach rugby at her school, Tunbridge Wells Girls' Grammar School before joining Harlequins Ladies. She has been noted as an up-and-coming female rugby player.

Royal Tunbridge Wells
Royal Tunbridge Wells (formerly, until 1909, and still commonly Tunbridge Wells) is a town in Kent, England, 30 miles (50 kilometres) southeast of Central London. It lies close to the border with East Sussex on the northern edge of the High Weald, whose sandstone geology is exemplified by the rock formation High Rocks. The town was a spa in the Restoration and a fashionable resort in the mid-1700s under Beau Nash when the Pantiles, and its chalybeate spring, attracted visitors who wished to take the waters. Though its popularity as a spa town waned with the advent of sea bathing, the town still derives much of its income from tourism. The prefix "Royal" was granted to it in 1909 by King Edward VII; it is one of only three towns in England with the title.

The town had a population of 59,947 in 2016, and is the administrative centre of Tunbridge Wells Borough and in the parliamentary constituency of Tunbridge Wells.
1907 Cisleithanian legislative election in the Czech lands
Legislative elections to elect members of the Cisleithanian Imperial Council were held in the Czech lands over several days in May 1907.
The Czech lands (Kingdom of Bohemia, Margraviate of Moravia and the Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia) elected 194 out of the 516 seats in the Imperial Council.

These elections were the first which were held under universal male suffrage, after an electoral reform abolishing tax paying requirements for voters had been adopted by the council and was endorsed by Emperor Franz Joseph earlier in the year. The elections meant huge gains for the social democratic and agrarian parties while the national liberal parties lost ground.

Austrian Silesia
Austrian Silesia, officially the Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia, was an autonomous region of the Kingdom of Bohemia and the Habsburg monarchy (from 1804 the Austrian Empire, and from 1867 the Cisleithanian portion of Austria-Hungary). It is largely coterminous with the present-day region of Czech Silesia (with a smaller part in Poland) and was, historically, part of the larger Silesia region.
Arne Ileby
Arne Ludvig Grundt Ileby (2 December 1913 – 25 December 1999) was a Norwegian footballer. He played his entire senior career as a forward for Fredrikstad FK, with which he won four Norwegian Football Cup titles (1935, 1936, 1938, and 1940) and two Norwegian Premier League titles (1937–38 and 1938–39).

Ileby was in the Norwegian squads for the 1936 Olympics and the 1938 World Cup, but was not capped in either tournament. His only appearance for the national team was in a match against Sweden in 1939.

1938 Norwegian Football Cup
The 1938 Norwegian Football Cup was the 37th season of the Norwegian annual knockout football tournament. The tournament was open for all members of NFF, except those from Northern Norway. The final was played at Briskeby in Hamar on 16 October 1938, and was contested by the defending champions Mjøndalen and the three-time former winners Fredrikstad. Fredrikstad secured their fourth title with a 3–2 win after extra time in the final. Fredrikstad's cup-victory completed the first Norwegian double, having also won the inaugural League of Norway.
Elk Ridge (Maryland)
Elk Ridge, or Elk Mountain, is a mountain ridge of the Blue Ridge Mountains in Maryland and is the westernmost of four parallel ridges.  It forms the western side of a narrow valley in which are situated the towns of Yarrowsburg and Brownsville.  South Mountain is on the eastern side of this valley running roughly parallel to it.  The ridge runs from Rohrersville, in the north, to the Potomac River across from Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, in the south.  Across the Potomac the ridge continues as Blue Ridge Mountain in Virginia and West Virginia.  To the west of Elk Mountain is the broader Cumberland Valley, in which lie the towns of Hagerstown and Chambersburg, and the Potomac River.  The southern end of the ridge, which is part of Harpers Ferry National Historical Park, is known as Maryland Heights.

Brownsville, Maryland
Brownsville (also Banjotown) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Washington County, Maryland, United States, near Gapland in an area known as Pleasant Valley. Its population was 89 as of the 2010 census.
Make It 16 Incorporated v Attorney-General
Make It 16 Incorporated v Attorney-General is a 2022 ruling of the Supreme Court of New Zealand in which the court held that the country's current voting age of 18 was discriminatory. The court found that the provisions in the Electoral Act 1993 and Local Electoral Act 2001 that set the voting age of 18 years was an unjustified limitation on the right to be free from age discrimination in section 19 of the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 (BORA).

In response to the judgment, Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern subsequently announced that a bill to lower the voting age to 16 would be debated in the New Zealand Parliament, requiring a supermajority to pass. Polling after the judgment by The New Zealand Herald showed that 79 per cent of respondents did not support lowering the voting age. Stuff reported in December 2022 that 73 mayors and councillors across the country had signed a letter supporting the Make It 16 campaign.

Electoral Act 1993
The Electoral Act 1993 is an Act of the New Zealand Parliament for regulating elections in New Zealand. It "establishes the electoral agencies, electoral system, election processes (including that for disputing results), how MPs are replaced between elections, registration processes for political parties and logos, enrolment and electoral roll requirements, and provides for the Māori Electoral option, and the Representation Commission." One such agency is the Electoral Commission which is responsible, among other things, for the administration of parliamentary elections and referendums.

The Electoral Act forms part of the constitution of New Zealand. The regulations made under the Act contain most of New Zealand's electoral legislation. The Act defined mixed-member proportional (MMP) representation for use in the 1993 electoral referendum, and it established MMP as the electoral system for the 1996 general election.
Tiit-Rein Viitso
Tiit-Rein Viitso (4 March 1938 – 2 December 2022) was an Estonian linguist.

In 1962, he graduated from Tartu State University in Estonian philology. From 1965 to 1973 he worked at Tartu State University's Computational Centre (Estonian: TRÜ arvutuskeskus). During 1973–1993 he worked at Estonian Language Institute, and from 1986 – at Tartu State University (now, the University of Tartu).

Institute of the Estonian Language
The Institute of the Estonian Language (Estonian: Eesti Keele Instituut) is the official language-regulatory authority of the Estonian language. It is located in the capital city of Estonia, Tallinn and is managed by the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research. Its stated formal goal is to contribute to the long-term survival of the Estonian language and it serves as the main body regulating standard Estonian orthography. The institute researches modern Estonian language, the history of the Estonian language, Estonian dialects, and Finno-Ugric languages.

The institute is sub-divided into four departments: the Department for Modern Estonian Language; the Department for Linguistic History; Dialects, and Finno-Ugric languages; the Department for Language Technology; and the Department for Language Learning Development.

It was founded in 1993, when the Institute of Language and Literature was reorganized. Since 2020, the institute's director has been Arvi Tavast.
Suh Sui Cho
Suh Sui Cho (Chinese: 薛緒初; Jyutping: sit3 seoi5 co1) was a male table tennis player from Hong Kong. From 1952 to 1957 he won one medal in singles, three medals in doubles, and three medals in team events in the Asian Table Tennis Championships and in the World Table Tennis Championships.#

The world championship medal came during the 1952 World Table Tennis Championships where he won a bronze medal in the Swaythling Cup (men's team event) when representing Hong Kong.

1952 World Table Tennis Championships
The 1952 World Table Tennis Championships were held in Bombay from 1 to 10 February 1952. The 1952 World Championships were marked by the arrival of the Japanese as a Table Tennis force on the world scene. In another first, the Chief Referee of the tournament was an Indian, Professor Arakalgud Subbarao.

India was chosen as the hosts for the event in March 1950 at the Congress of the International Table Tennis Federation in Budapest, Hungary.
Because the Championships were held in India, the entry was reduced. Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Austria and Sweden were all unable to travel to the tournament.