hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Philippe de Clairville
Joseph Philippe de Clairville (1742 – 31 July 1830) was a notable French botanist and entomologist, who was mainly active in Switzerland. De Clairville’s collection of  Coleoptera, his chief interest, is in the Natural History Museum in Basel. He was also interested in Diptera and Odonata.

After his stay in Nyon and Bex in the French-speaking part of Switzerland, he moved to Winterthur in 1782, where he lived the most time until his death in 1830.

De Clairville wrote Helvetische Entomologie published in Zürich in 1798, wrote Manuel d'herborisation en Suisse et en Valais published in 1811, and translated Naturgeschichte der Hof- und Stubenvögel by Johann Matthäus Bechstein into French under the titles Manuel de l'amateur des oiseaux de volière (1825).

Johann Matthäus Bechstein
Johann Matthäus Bechstein (German pronunciation: [ˈjoːhan maˈtɛːʊs ˈbɛçʃtaɪn]; 11 July 1757 – 23 February 1822) was a German naturalist, forester, ornithologist, entomologist, and herpetologist. In Great Britain, he was known for his treatise on singing birds (Naturgeschichte der Stubenvögel, Natural History of Cage Birds, 1795).
Denbigh, Ruthin and Vale of Clwyd Free Press
The Denbigh, Ruthin and Vale of Clwyd Free Press was a weekly English language newspaper distributed in the Denbigh, Ruthin, Vale of Clwyd, and Flint areas of Wales.

It mainly contained local and national news and information. An associated title was the Denbighshire Free Press and North Wales Times.

Welsh Newspapers Online has digitised 1,574 issues of the Denbigh, Ruthin and Vale of Clwyd Free Press (1882–1919) from the newspaper holdings of the National Library of Wales.

Ruthin
Ruthin (/ˈrɪθɪn/ ⓘ RITH-in; Welsh: Rhuthun) is a market town and community in Denbighshire, Wales, in the south of the Vale of Clwyd. The town, castle and St Peter's Square lie on a hill, skirted by villages such as Pwllglas and Rhewl. The name comes from the Welsh rhudd ('red') and din ('fort'), after the colour of sandstone bedrock, from which the castle was built in 1277–1284. The Old Mill, Ruthin, is nearby. Maen Huail, a registered ancient monument associated with King Arthur and with Hueil mab Caw, the brother of the historian Gildas, stands in St Peter's Square.
Badminton at the 2023 Arab Games
Badminton was contested at the 2023 Arab Games in ESHRA Ain Benian Hall, Aïn Bénian, Algiers, Algeria from July 05 to July 10, 2023.

Algeria topped the medal table, winning three gold medals, four silver and six bronze.

Algeria national badminton team
The Algeria national badminton team (Arabic: منتخب الجزائر لكرة الريشة) represents Algeria in international badminton team competitions. The team made their first-ever appearance at the Thomas Cup (World Men's Team Championships) in 2018. The Algerian team have never qualified for the Uber Cup.

The men's team later won the 2020 and 2022 All Africa Men's Team Badminton Championships. This earned the Algerian team a spot in the 2020 and 2022 Thomas Cup. Algeria won their first title in the African Mixed Team Championships in 2025.
Sommaruga
Sommaruga is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cornelio Sommaruga (born 1932), Swiss humanitarian, lawyer, and diplomat

Giuseppe Sommaruga (1867–1917), Italian architect of the Art nouveau movement

Simonetta Sommaruga (born 1960), Swiss politician, distant relative of Cornelio

Ruben Sommaruga (born 1962), Uruguayan/Austrian scientist

Cornelio Sommaruga
Cornelio Sommaruga (29 December 1932 – 18 February 2024) was a Swiss humanitarian, lawyer and diplomat who is best known for having been President of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) from 1987 to 1999. He chaired the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining (GICHD) in Geneva. He was also active on a number of boards, such as the International Union Against Cancer. He was Chair of the Board of Directors of the Foundation For the Future, an organization dedicated to promoting human rights in the Middle East and North Africa, and the honorary President of Initiatives of Change International, a global organization dedicated to "building trust across the world's divides" of culture, nationality, belief, and background.
Cascarita
Orlando Guerra (gayr'-rah; September 14, 1920 – March 20, 1973), better known as Cascarita, was a popular Cuban singer who specialized in guaracha and son montuno. He became one of Cuba's most famous vocalists as a member of Julio Cueva's big band and Orquesta Casino de la Playa in the 1940s.

Son montuno
Son montuno (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsom monˈtuno]) is a subgenre of son cubano developed by Arsenio Rodríguez in the 1940s. Although son montuno ("mountain sound") had previously referred to the sones played in the mountains of eastern Cuba, Arsenio repurposed the term to denote a highly sophisticated approach to the genre in which the montuno section contained complex horn arrangements. He also incorporated piano solos and often subverted the structure of songs by starting with the montuno in a cyclic fashion. For his approach, Arsenio had to expand the existing septeto ensemble into the conjunto format which became the norm in the 1940s alongside big bands. Arsenio's developments eventually served as the template for the development of genres such as salsa, songo and timba.
Railbox
Railbox Company (reporting marks ABOX, FBOX, RBOX, TBOX), founded in 1974, is a North American boxcar pooling company, and a subsidiary of the North Carolina–based TTX Company. It was created to address a boxcar shortage in the United States in the 1970s.

The concept behind Railbox, as evidenced by the slogan, "Next Load, Any Road" was, because Railbox was jointly owned by many of the railroads as a privately owned cooperative, these boxcars were not subject to load/empty rules. Railbox cars could be assigned for service on any railroad in Canada, Mexico and the United States on lines where an AAR Plate-C loading gauge is permitted. Railbox purchased boxcars from many manufacturers, including American Car and Foundry Company, FMC Corporation, and Pullman-Standard (P-S).

Association of American Railroads
The Association of American Railroads (AAR) is an industry trade group representing primarily the major freight railroads of North America (Canada, Mexico and the United States). Amtrak and some regional commuter railroads are also members. Smaller freight railroads are typically represented by the American Short Line and Regional Railroad Association (ASLRRA), although some smaller railroads and railroad holding companies are also members of the AAR. The AAR also has two associate programs, and most associates are suppliers to the railroad industry.
Gulf of Gemlik
The Gulf of Gemlik (Turkish: Gemlik Körfezi) is an inlet of the Sea of Marmara in the Marmara region of Turkey. The gulf is located in the southeastern part of the sea. Mudanya, Gemlik and Armutlu are the major towns surrounding the gulf.

Marmara region
The Marmara region (Turkish: Marmara Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey.

Located in East Thrace, it is bordered by Greece and the Aegean Sea to the west, Bulgaria and the Black Sea to the north, the Black Sea Region to the east, and the Aegean Region to the south. At the center of the region is the Sea of Marmara, which gives the region its name. The largest city in the region is Istanbul. Other big cities are Bursa, İzmit, Balıkesir, Tekirdağ, Çanakkale and Edirne.

Among the seven geographical regions, the Marmara region has the second-smallest area, yet the largest population; it is the most densely populated region in the country.
2019 Toray Pan Pacific Open – Doubles
Miyu Kato and Makoto Ninomiya were the defending champions but chose to participate with different partners. Kato played alongside Storm Sanders, but they lost in the first round to Gabriela Dabrowski and Caroline Garcia. Ninomiya partnered Eri Hozumi, but lost in the quarterfinals to Nadiia Kichenok and Abigail Spears.

Chan Hao-ching and Latisha Chan won the title, defeating Hsieh Su-wei and Hsieh Yu-chieh in the final, 7–5, 7–5.

Hsieh Yu-chieh
Hsieh Yu-chieh (Chinese: 謝語倢, born 23 July 1993), formerly known as Hsieh Shu-ying (Chinese: 謝淑映), is a Taiwanese professional tennis and pickleball player. She is the younger sister of tennis players Hsieh Su-wei and Hsieh Cheng-peng.

On 20 February 2012, she achieved her career-high singles ranking of world No. 830. On 21 October 2019, she peaked at No. 129 in the doubles rankings. Hsieh has won one WTA 125 doubles title and ten doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
Factory method pattern
In object-oriented programming, the factory method pattern is a design pattern that uses factory methods to deal with the problem of creating objects without having to specify their exact classes. Rather than by calling a constructor, this is accomplished by invoking a factory method to create an object. Factory methods can be specified in an interface and implemented by subclasses or implemented in a base class and optionally overridden by subclasses. It is one of the 23 classic design patterns described in the book Design Patterns (often referred to as the "Gang of Four" or simply "GoF") and is subcategorized as a creational pattern.

Object lifetime
In object-oriented programming (OOP), object lifetime is the period of time between an object's creation and its destruction. In some programming contexts, object lifetime coincides with the lifetime of a variable that represents the object. In other contexts – where the object is accessed by reference – object lifetime is not determined by the lifetime of a variable. For example, destruction of the variable may only destroy the reference, not the referenced object.
Crown (British coin)
The crown was a denomination of sterling coinage worth a quarter of one pound (five shillings, or 60 pence). The crown was first issued during the reign of Edward VI, as part of the coinage of the Kingdom of England.

Always a heavy silver coin weighing around one ounce, during the 19th and 20th centuries the crown declined from being a real means of exchange to being a coin rarely spent, and minted for commemorative purposes only. Unlike in some territories of the British Empire (such as Jamaica), in the UK the crown was never replaced as circulating currency by a five-shilling banknote.

"Decimal" crowns were minted a few times after decimalisation of the British currency in 1971, initially with a nominal value of 25 (new) pence.  However, commemorative crowns issued since 1990 have a face value of five pounds.

Pound (currency)
Pound is a name of various units of currency. It is used in some countries today and previously was used in many others. The English word "pound" derives from the Latin expression lībra pondō, "a pound by weight", in which lībra means 'scale' or 'balance' and pondō means 'pound' or 'weight'. The currency's symbol is '£', a stylised form of the blackletter 'L' () (from libra), crossed to indicate abbreviation.

The term was adopted in England from the weight of silver used to make 240 pennies, and eventually spread to British colonies all over the world. Although silver penny mintage began seven centuries earlier, the first pound coin was minted under Henry VII in 1489.
Magnesium in biology
Magnesium is an essential element in biological systems. Magnesium occurs typically as the Mg2+ ion. It is an essential mineral nutrient (i.e., element) for life and is present in every cell type in every organism. For example, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main source of energy in cells, must bind to a magnesium ion in order to be biologically active. What is called ATP is often actually Mg-ATP. As such, magnesium plays a role in the stability of all polyphosphate compounds in the cells, including those associated with the synthesis of DNA and RNA.

Over 300 enzymes require the presence of magnesium ions for their catalytic action, including all enzymes utilizing or synthesizing ATP, or those that use other nucleotides to synthesize DNA and RNA.

In plants, magnesium is necessary for synthesis of chlorophyll and photosynthesis.

Polyphosphate
A polyphosphate is a salt or ester of polymeric oxyanions formed from tetrahedral PO4 (phosphate) structural units linked together by sharing oxygen atoms. Polyphosphates can adopt linear or a cyclic (also called, ring) structures. In biology, the polyphosphate esters ADP and ATP are involved in energy storage. A variety of polyphosphates find application in mineral sequestration in municipal waters, generally being present at 1 to 5 ppm. GTP, CTP, and UTP are also nucleotides important in the protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism, respectively.

Polyphosphates are also used as food additives, marked E452.
Laura Oldfield Ford
Laura Oldfield Ford (born 1973), also known as Laura Grace Ford, is a British artist and author. Her mixed media and multimedia work, encompassing psychogeography, poetry and prose, photography, ballpoint pen, acrylic paint and spray paint, explores political themes and focuses on British urban areas. Her zine Savage Messiah, which centres on London, was published from 2005 to 2009 and collected as a book in 2011.

Ballpoint pen
A ballpoint pen, also known as a biro (British English), ball pen (Bangladeshi, Hong Kong, Indian, Indonesian, Pakistani, Japanese and Philippine English), or dot pen (Nepali English and South Asian English), is a pen that dispenses ink (usually in paste form) over a hard ball at its point, i.e., over a "ball point". The materials commonly used are steel, brass, or tungsten carbide. The design was conceived and developed as a cleaner and more reliable alternative to dip pens and fountain pens, and it is now the world's most-used writing instrument; millions are manufactured and sold daily. It has influenced art and graphic design and spawned an artwork genre.
James Anderson (British author)
James Anderson (b. Swindon, Wiltshire 1936 – d. Penarth, Glamorganshire 2007) was a British author. He is best known for his books featuring Inspector Wilkins. Set in the 1930s, the action of the books takes place in a large fictional British estate, or stately home, belonging to George Henry Aylvin Saunders, the 12th Earl of Burford. The books are a humorous look at the Golden Age type of mystery, which feature whodunnits set during a house party, and contain joking references to Inspector Appleby, the detective created by Michael Innes, or Inspector Alleyn, created by Ngaio Marsh, and to the well-known private detective Hercule Poirot, invented by Agatha Christie.

Anderson also wrote novelizations based on the television series Murder, She Wrote.

He died in 2007 in Penarth, Vale of Glamorgan.

J. I. M. Stewart
John Innes Mackintosh Stewart (30 September 1906 – 12 November 1994) was a Scottish novelist and academic. He is equally well known for the works of literary criticism and contemporary novels published under his real name and for the crime fiction published under the pseudonym of Michael Innes.
107th Rocket Brigade (Russia)
The 107th Rocket Brigade (Military Unit Number 47062) is a tactical ballistic missile brigade of the Russian Ground Forces. Based in Birobidzhan, it is part of the 35th Army.

The brigade was originally formed in 1953 as an engineering brigade operating Scud missiles, serving in western Ukraine until its 1958 relocation to the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany in East Germany. There, it became the 23rd Rocket Brigade in 1960, and in 1981 relocated to Birobidzhan in eastern Russia. Serving in the Russian Ground Forces after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1992, the brigade became the 107th Rocket Brigade five years later after inheriting the lineage of a disbanded unit. By 2013 it had been reequipped with more modern Iskander-M tactical ballistic missiles.

Military Unit Number
A Military Unit Number (Russian: войсковая часть, в/ ч; Ukrainian: військова частина, в/ ч) is a unique numeric code assigned to military units of the Soviet Union and some Post-Soviet states. It is usually a four or five digit code for the purpose of identifying units of the armed forces and internal troops.

Military Unit Numbers for ground forces are assigned for a specific military unit (corps, division, brigade, etc.) while for the navy it is assigned to an individual ship. The number is also used for the unit's military mail and other logistics.
Wat Phra Sri Mahathat station
Wat Phra Sri Mahathat station (Thai: สถานีวัดพระศรีมหาธาตุ, RTGS: Sathani Wat Phra Si Maha That, pronounced [sā.tʰǎː.nīː wát pʰráʔ sǐː mā.hǎː tʰâːt]) is a BTS Skytrain and MRT station, on the Sukhumvit Line and MRT Pink Line in Bangkok, Thailand. It is located above Bang Khen roundabout; where Phahon Yothin, Ram Inthra and Chaeng Watthana Roads meet. and has an elevated walkway to Lotus's Lak Si, Wat Phra Si Mahathat and Bang Khen district office. The BTS station is one of the few stations on the line with an island platform. The BTS station is part of the northern extension of the Sukhumvit Line and opened on 5 June 2020, as part of phase 3.

The MRT Pink Line station opened on November 21, 2023 along with the rest of the Pink Line for trial operation.  Passengers can interchange between the two lines within the paid area without purchasing another ticket. This is possible because the operators of the two lines share common ownership.

Phahonyothin Road
Phahonyothin Road (Thai: ถนนพหลโยธิน, RTGS: Thanon Phahon Yothin, pronounced [tʰā.nǒn pʰā.hǒn jōː.tʰīn]) or Highway 1 is a main road in Bangkok and one of the four primary highways in Thailand, which include Mittraphap Road (Highway 2), Sukhumvit Road (Highway 3), and Phet Kasem Road (Highway 4). It begins at Victory Monument in Bangkok and runs north to the Burmese border, with a total length of 1,005 km (624 mi).
Canton of Cœur de Puisaye
The canton of Cœur de Puisaye is an administrative division of the Yonne department, central France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Toucy. It includes part of the historical region of Puisaye.

It consists of the following communes:

Yonne
Yonne (French: [jɔn], in Burgundian: Ghienne) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in France. It is named after the river Yonne, which flows through it, in the country's north-central part. One of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's eight constituent departments, it is located in its northwestern part, bordering Île-de-France. It was created in 1790 during the French Revolution. Its prefecture is Auxerre, with subprefectures in Avallon and Sens. Its INSEE and postcode number is 89.

Yonne is Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's fourth-most populous department, with a population of 335,707 (2019). Its largest city is its prefecture Auxerre, with a population of about 35,000 within city limits and 68,000 in the urban area.
2012 Rakuten Japan Open Tennis Championships – Doubles
Andy Murray and Jamie Murray were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals to first seeded Leander Paes and Radek Štěpánek.
Alexander Peya and Bruno Soares won the title, defeating Paes and Štěpánek 6–3, 7–6(7–5) in the final.

Alexander Peya
Alexander Peya (born 27 June 1980) is an Austrian tennis coach and a former professional player. His career-high doubles ranking was World No. 3, first achieved in August 2013. He also reached a career-high singles ranking of No. 92 in April 2007. Peya won the 2018 Wimbledon mixed doubles title alongside Nicole Melichar-Martinez, defeating Jamie Murray and Victoria Azarenka in the final.
Tom Rogers (cricketer, born 1994)
Thomas Stewart Rogers (born 3 March 1994) is an Australian cricketer. He is a right-arm fast bowler.

Rogers was in the Futures League for the ACT Comets from the 2013–14 season to the 2016–17 season. He was offered a contract for Tasmania for the 2017–18 season. He made his List A debut for Tasmania in the 2017–18 JLT One-Day Cup on 7 October 2017. In March 2018, Cricket Australia named Rogers in their Sheffield Shield team of the year.

He made his Twenty20 debut for Hobart Hurricanes in the 2017–18 Big Bash League season on 30 December 2017. He switched to the Sydney Sixers in 2020–21 but did not play a match for the team and moved back to Hobart for the 2021–22 season before moving to play for Melbourne Renegades in 2022–23.

Rogers played six matches for Kent County Cricket Club in the T20 Blast during 2024 and re-signed to play for the club in the group stages of the 2025 competition.

Melbourne Renegades
The Melbourne Renegades are an Australian men's professional Twenty20 (T20) franchise cricket team based in Melbourne, Victoria. They compete in the Australian domestic Big Bash League (BBL) competition. As of the 2024–25 season, the team is coached by Cameron White and captained by Will Sutherland. Since the establishment of the BBL in BBL |01, the Renegades have won one title in (BBL |08).
Phyllodes imperialis
Phyllodes imperialis, the imperial fruit-sucking moth or pink underwing moth, is a noctuoid moth in the family Erebidae, subfamily Calpinae. It was first described by Herbert Druce in 1888. The species can be found in north-eastern Queensland to northern New South Wales, Papua New Guinea, Solomons, Vanuatu and New Caledonia.

Calpinae
The Calpinae are a subfamily of moths in the family Erebidae described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1840.  This subfamily includes many species of moths that have a pointed and barbed proboscis adapted to piercing the skins of fruit to feed on juice, and in the case of the several Calyptra species of vampire moths, to piercing the skins of mammals to feed on blood. The subfamily contains some large moths with wingspans longer than 5 cm (2 in).
Teofan I
Teofan I, Serbian Patriarch (also spelled Theophanes) was the archbishop of the Serbian Patriarchate of Peć and the Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church from 1435 to 1446.He was succeeded by Nikodim II.

On the enthronement of Patriarch Dimitrije in Peć, Stevan Dimitrijević published a list of Serbian archbishops and patriarchs which mentions Teofan as the successor to Patriarch Nikon (1419-1435). Teofan was the Abbot of the Rakovac Monastery before being elevated to bishop and later elected patriarch.

Serbian Patriarchate of Peć
Serbian Patriarchate of Peć (Serbian: Српска патријаршија у Пећи, Srpska patrijaršija u Peći), or simply Peć Patriarchate (Serbian: Пећка патријаршија, Pećka patrijaršija), was an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Patriarchate that existed from 1346 to 1463, and then again from 1557 to 1766 with its seat in the Patriarchal Monastery of Peć. It had ecclesiastical jurisdiction over Eastern Orthodox Christians in Serbian Lands and other western regions of Southeastern Europe. Primates of the Patriarchate were styled Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch.
George Adey
George W. Adey (1869 – after 1901) was an English professional footballer born in Handsworth, Birmingham, who played as a wing half or inside forward. He made 71 appearances for Small Heath in the Football League, and went on to play for Kettering of the Southern League.

In a 1901 profile of the Small Heath club and players in the Daily Express, C.B. Fry wrote that "Adey is not showy, but he is a fine tackler, and remarkably persistent", and that he and his half-back colleagues Alex Leake and Walter Wigmore "get through an amount of work that is simply astonishing".

Kettering Town F.C.
Kettering Town Football Club is a football club based in Burton Latimer, Northamptonshire, England. They are currently members of the Southern League Premier Division Central and play at Latimer Park. Kettering were the first English club to wear sponsorship on their shirts in 1976, and have scored more goals in the FA Cup than any other club.