hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trypticase soy agar
Trypticase soy agar or Tryptic soy agar (TSA) is a growth media for the culturing of moderately to non  fastidious bacteria. It is a general-purpose, non-selective media providing enough nutrients to allow for a wide variety of microorganisms to grow. It is used for a wide range of applications, including culture storage, enumeration of cells (counting), isolation of pure cultures, or simply general culture.

TSA contains enzymatic digests of casein and soybean meal, which provide amino acids and other nitrogenous substances, making it a nutritious medium for a variety of organisms. Sodium chloride maintains the osmotic equilibrium, while dipotassium phosphate acts as buffer to maintain pH. Agar extracted from any number of organisms is used as a gelling agent.

One liter of the agar contains:

15 g pancreatic digest of casein

5 g  peptic digest of soybean

5 g  sodium chloride

15 g agar

Dipotassium phosphate
Dipotassium phosphate (also dipotassium hydrogen orthophosphate or potassium phosphate dibasic) is the inorganic compound with the formula K2HPO4.(H2O)x (x = 0, 3, 6).  Together with monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4.(H2O)x), it is often used as a fertilizer, food additive, and buffering agent. It is a white or colorless solid that is soluble in water.

It is produced commercially by partial neutralization of phosphoric acid with two equivalents of potassium chloride:

H3PO4 + 2 KCl → K2HPO4 + 2 HCl
Nancy Woloch
Nancy Woloch (born 1940) is an American historian. Her book A Class by Herself: Protective Laws for Women Workers, 1890s–1990s won the 2016 Philip Taft Labor History Book Award and the William G. Bowen Award for the Outstanding Book on Labor and Public Policy.

Woloch is an adjunct professor at Barnard College and Columbia University, where she specializes in women's history and the history of education.

Woloch has a BA from Wellesley College, an MA from Columbia University and a PhD from Indiana University.

In 2016 Time chose Woloch as one of 25 historians asked to nominate a "Moment that changed America", and she contributed "FDR Signs the Fair Labor Standards Act (June 25, 1938)".

Adjunct professors in North America
In North America, an adjunct professor, also known as an adjunct lecturer or adjunct instructor (collectively, adjunct faculty), is a professor who teaches on a limited-term contract, often for one semester at a time, and who is ineligible for tenure.
Rhamphosphaeria
Rhamphosphaeria is a monotypic genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). It only contains one known species, Rhamphosphaeria capillata, which was found on Typha angustifolia in Germany.

Typha angustifolia
Typha angustifolia is a perennial herbaceous plant in the genus Typha, native throughout most of Eurasia and locally in northwest Africa; it also occurs widely in North America, where its native status is disputed. It is an "obligate wetland" species that is found in fresh water or brackish locations. It is known in English as lesser bulrush, and in American as narrowleaf cattail.
The Teacher Who Promised the Sea
The Teacher Who Promised the Sea (Spanish: El maestro que prometió el mar) is a 2023 Spanish historical drama film directed by Patricia Font from a screenplay by Albert Val, based on the book by Francesc Escribano. It stars Enric Auquer and Laia Costa alongside Luisa Gavasa.

Luisa Gavasa
Luisa Gavasa Moragón (born 8 April 1951) is a Spanish actress. She made her feature film debut in Doña Perfecta (1977). Her portrayal of the groom's mother in The Bride (2015) earned her a Goya Award for Best Supporting Actress.
Bywell Castle
Bywell Castle is situated in the village of Bywell overlooking the River Tyne, four miles east of Corbridge, Northumberland, England (grid reference NZ049615). It is a Grade I listed building and a Scheduled Ancient Monument.

It was built in 1430 by the Neville family (see Earl of Westmorland) but was never completed.  The impressive three-storey gatehouse remains, together with part of a curtain wall into which has been incorporated a much later house (Grade II listed).

King Henry VI took refuge in Bywell Castle after the Battle of Hexham in 1464.

The Castle is privately owned and not normally open to visitors. It is the seat of the Viscounts Allendale.

Bywell Castle gave its name to a ship, which ploughed into the SS Princess Alice on the River Thames in September 1878, sinking her within minutes. The number of lives lost in the disaster are unclear but estimates have ranged from 590 to 640.

Earl of Westmorland
Earl of Westmorland is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of England. The title was first created in 1397 for Ralph Neville. It was forfeited in 1571 by Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland, for leading the Rising of the North. It was revived in 1624 in favour of Sir Francis Fane, whose mother, Mary Neville, was a descendant of a younger son of the first Earl. The first Earl of the first creation had already become Baron Neville de Raby, and that was a subsidiary title for his successors. The current Earl holds the subsidiary title  Baron Burghersh (1624).
Ferrari 250 Monza
The Ferrari 250 Monza was a sports racing car produced by Ferrari in 1954. It was a combination of a stretched chassis and body from the line of inline-four-engined racers with a ubiquitous 3.0-litre Colombo V12 engine.

Luigi Piotti
Luigi Piotti (October 27, 1913 in Milan – April 19, 1971 in Godiasco) was a racing driver from Italy. He participated in nine Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on January 22, 1956. He scored no championship points.
Garymunida normani
Garymunida normani is a species of squat lobster in the family Munididae. The males measure from 9.7 to 18.4 millimetres (0.38 to 0.72 in) and the females from 9.0 to 13.3 millimetres (0.35 to 0.52 in). It is found off of Fiji, Tonga, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna, and Vanuatu, at depths of about 320 to 670 metres (1,050 to 2,200 ft). It is also known to be found off of the Tuamotu and Society Islands at depths between about 510 and 630 metres (1,670 and 2,070 ft).

Tuamotus
The Tuamotu Archipelago or the Tuamotu Islands (French: Îles Tuamotu, officially Archipel des Tuamotu) are a French Polynesian chain of just under 80 islands and atolls in the southern Pacific Ocean. They constitute the largest chain of atolls in the world, extending (from northwest to southeast) over an area roughly the size of Western Europe. Their combined land area is 850 square kilometres (328 square miles). This archipelago's major islands are Rangiroa, Anaa, Fakarava, Hao and Makemo.

The Tuamotus have approximately 16,000 inhabitants. The islands were initially settled by Polynesians, and modern Tuamotuans have inherited from them a shared culture and the Tuamotuan language.

The Tuamotus are a French overseas collectivity.

NOTE: The Marshall Islands, a group of tolls, encompassing 1.2 sq kilometers.
Annie Caputo
Annie Caputo is an American political advisor and government official who served as a member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. She was initially nominated for the commission by President Donald Trump in May 2017 and was renominated by President Joe Biden in May 2022 after her original term expired on June 30, 2021. She ended her tenure as Commissioner at the end of July 2025, almost a year earlier than it was set to end on June 30 2026. She was formerly a senior policy advisor for Chairman John Barrasso (R-WY) on the United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works.

Nuclear Regulatory Commission
The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is an agency of the United States government tasked with protecting public health and safety related to nuclear energy. Established by the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, the NRC began operations on January 19, 1975, as one of two successor agencies to the United States Atomic Energy Commission. Its functions  include overseeing reactor safety and security, administering reactor licensing and renewal, licensing and oversight for fuel cycle facilities, licensing radioactive materials, radionuclide safety, and managing the storage, security, recycling, and disposal of spent fuel.
Nobu (given name)
Nobu is a unisex given name. Notable people with this name include:

Nobu Adilman, Canadian television personality

Nobu Hayashi (born 1978), Japanese karateka and kickboxer

Nobu Jo (1872–1959), Japanese Christian philanthropist

Nobu Kōda (1870–1946), Japanese composer, violinist, and music teacher

Nobu Matsuhisa (born 1949), Japanese celebrity chef

Nobu McCarthy (1934–2002), Japanese-Canadian actress, fashion model, and stage director

Nobu Naruse (born 1984), Japanese cross-country skier

Nobu Shirase (1861–1946), Japanese army officer and explorer

Nobuyuki Siraisi (1934–2016), artist and designer

Nobu Su, Chinese businessman

Nobu Tamura, French-born Japanese-American paleoartist and physicist

Nobu Kōda
Nobu Kōda 幸田延 (1870–1946) was a Japanese composer, violinist, and music teacher. She was one of the first Japanese women to study music overseas. She studied at the New England Conservatory. She later studied in Europe. She was the sister of Kōda Rohan.
2022–23 Stetson Hatters men's basketball team
The 2022–23 Stetson Hatters men's basketball team represented Stetson University in the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Hatters, led by fourth-year head coach Donnie Jones, played their home games at the Edmunds Center in DeLand, Florida as members of the ASUN Conference. They finished the season 17–13, 12–6 in ASUN play, to finish in fourth place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the ASUN tournament to Lipscomb. Stetson received an invitation to play in the CBI, where they lost in overtime to Milwaukee in the first round. The 2022–23 season marked the Hatters' first winning record since the 2000–01 season.

2023 ASUN men's basketball tournament
The 2023 ASUN men's basketball tournament was the conference postseason tournament for the ASUN Conference. The tournament was the 44th year the league has conducted a postseason tournament. The tournament was held February 27–March 5 at campus sites of the higher seeds. The winner, Kennesaw State, received the conference's automatic bid to the 2023 NCAA Tournament for the first time in school history.
TRE (computing)
TRE is an open-source library for pattern matching in text, which works like a regular expression engine with the ability to do approximate string matching. It was developed by Ville Laurikari and is distributed under a 2-clause BSD-like license.

The library is written in C and provides functions which allow using regular expressions for searching over input text lines. The main difference from other regular expression engines is that TRE can match text fragments in an approximate way, that is, supposing that text could have some number of typos.

BSD licenses
BSD licenses are a family of permissive free software licenses, imposing minimal restrictions on the use and distribution of covered software. This is in contrast to copyleft licenses, which have share-alike requirements. The original BSD license was used for its namesake, the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), a Unix-like operating system. The original version has since been revised, and its descendants are referred to as modified BSD licenses.

BSD is both a license and a class of license (generally referred to as BSD-like). The modified BSD license (in wide use today) is very similar to the license originally used for the BSD version of Unix. The BSD license is a simple license that merely requires that all code retain the BSD license notice if redistributed in source code format, or reproduce the notice if redistributed in binary format. The BSD license (unlike some other licenses e.g. GPL) does not require that source code be distributed at all.
Saint Petersburg Lyceum 30
Saint Petersburg Lyceum 30 (Russian: Физико-математический лицей №30), is a public high school in Saint Petersburg, Russia that specializes in mathematics and physics. The school opened in 1897 became a specialized city school in 1965.

Specialist school
Specialist schools, also known as specialised schools or specialized schools, are schools which specialise in a certain area or field of curriculum. In some countries, for example New Zealand, the term is used exclusively for schools specialising in special needs education, which are typically known as special schools. Specialist schools often have admission criteria making them selective schools as well.
Nickel(II) stearate
Nickel(II) stearate is a metal-organic compound, a salt of nickel and stearic acid with the chemical formula C36H70NiO4. The compound is classified as a metallic soap, i.e. a metal derivative of a fatty acid. The compound is harmful if swallowed and may cause skin sensitization.

Metal-organic compound
Metal-organic compounds (jargon: metalorganics, metallo-organics) are a class of chemical compounds that contain metals and organic ligands, but lacking direct metal-carbon bonds. Metal β-diketonates, metal alkoxides, metal dialkylamides, transition metal carboxylate complexes, metal acetylacetonates, and metal phosphine complexes are representative members of this class. Some of metal-organic compounds confer solubility in organic solvents or volatility. Compounds with these properties find applications in materials science for metal organic vapor deposition (MOCVD) or sol-gel processing. Precise definitions of metal-organic compound may vary, however the term may describe:

Organometallic chemistry

Metal coordination complexes of organic ligands.
Paul Riblett
Paul Gerald Riblett (May 23, 1908 – March 1, 1976) was an American football player and coach.  He played professionally as an end for five seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the Brooklyn Dodgers.  Riblett attended the University of Pennsylvania, where he starred in  football, basketball, and lacrosse.  He was the captain of the 1931 Penn Quakers football team.  Riblett worked as an ends coach at the City College of New York (CCNY) under Benny Friedman before returning to his alma mater in 1938 as an assistant football coach under George Munger.

End (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles.  Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes.  There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end.

It is also used in terminology such as an end run.
Henry Joseph Walker
Henry Joseph Walker (November 28, 1849 in Hillier Township, Canada West – March 21, 1918) was a Canadian politician and merchant. He was elected in 1911 to the House of Commons of Canada as a Member of the historical Conservative Party for the riding of Northumberland East. Prior to his federal political experience, he was reeve and councillor of Percy Township, Ontario.

1911 Canadian federal election
The 1911 Canadian federal election was held on September 21, 1911, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 12th Parliament of Canada.

The central issue was Liberal support for a proposed agreement with the United States president William Howard Taft to lower tariffs. The Conservative Party denounced it with claims it would weaken ties with Britain, hurt the Canadian economy and Canadian identity, and lead to American annexation of Canada. The idea of a Canadian Navy was also an issue.

The Conservatives won, and Robert Borden became the eighth prime minister. The election ended 15 years of government by the Liberal Party of Wilfrid Laurier.
Leeds Combined Court Centre
Leeds Combined Court Centre is a Crown Court venue, which deals with criminal cases, and a County Court venue, which deals with civil cases, in Oxford Row, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It is adjacent to Leeds Magistrates Courts.

Crown Court
The Crown Court is the criminal court of first instance in England and Wales responsible for hearing all indictable offences, some either way offences and appeals of the decisions of magistrates' courts. It is one of three Senior Courts of England and Wales.

The Crown Court sits in around 92 locations in England and Wales, divided into Circuits.  When sitting in the City of London, it is known as the Central Criminal Court or "Old Bailey".

The  Crown Court is administered by HM Courts and Tribunals Service, an executive agency of the Ministry of Justice.
Evangelical Reformed Church of the Canton Freiburg
The Evangelical Reformed Church of the Canton Freiburg is a cantonal Reformed state church in Fribourg.
In 2004 it had 16 parishes and 38,000 members, served by 35 ministers. It was officially organised in 1530, the official languages are French and German. From the parishes 3 are dual languages, 5 are French and 8 are German language worship.

In 1530 Murten, Kerzers, Motier, Meyriez, Ferenbalm converted to the Reformed faith. The other parts of freiburg stayed Catholic. In 1854 the Reformed church planted more congregations. In the 19th century Reformed churches and schools was planted. In 2001 in Romont-Chatel-St. Denis was divided into 2 separate parishes. Women ordination is allowed.

Ordination of women in Christianity
In Christianity, the ordination of women has been taking place in an increasing number of Protestant and Old Catholic churches, starting in the 20th century. Since ancient times, certain churches of the Orthodox tradition, such as the Coptic Orthodox Church, have raised women to the office of deaconess. While ordination of women has been approved in many denominations, it is a very controversial and divisive topic.

Ordination is the process by which people are consecrated by a Christian denomination, that is, set apart as clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremonies such as celebrating the sacraments. The process and ceremonies of ordination varies by denomination. One who is in preparation for, or who is undergoing the process of ordination is sometimes called an ordinand. The liturgy used at an ordination is sometimes referred to as an ordinal.
HK Partizan
Hokejaški klub Partizan (Serbian Cyrillic: Хокејашки клуб Партизан) is a Serbian professional ice hockey team from Belgrade. HK Partizan is one of the sport clubs that are part of Partizan sport society. They play their home games at the Pionir Ice Hall. The club currently doesn't play in the Serbian Hockey League. HK Partizan has won 20 national championships and three cups, and is the most successful ice hockey team in Serbia. HK Partizan also won the Slohokej League in 2011 and 2012 and Balkan League in 1995.

Steaua Rangers
Steaua Rangers are a Romanian professional ice hockey club that currently plays in the Romanian Hockey League. They play their home games at the Berceni Arena and sometimes at the Allianz-Țiriac Arena in Otopeni.
Plainview station
The Fremont, Elkhorn and Missouri Valley Railroad Depot (also known as the Chicago and North Western Railway Depot) is a historic train station on South Main Street in Plainview, Pierce County, Nebraska. Built in 1880, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.  In 2009, it was serving as the Plainview Historical Museum.

It was built to serve the Fremont, Elkhorn and Missouri Valley Railroad, which was later absorbed into the Chicago and North Western Railway. No tracks remain in the vicinity of the depot building.

It is a two-story gabled wood-frame building with a brick facade on a concrete foundation, with a 92 by 23 feet (28.0 m × 7.0 m) plan.

Pierce County, Nebraska
Pierce County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 7,317. Its county seat is Pierce. The county was formed in 1859, and was named for US President Franklin Pierce. Pierce County is part of the Norfolk, NE Micropolitan Statistical Area. In the Nebraska license plate system, Pierce County is represented by the prefix 40 (it had the 40th-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).
William Feather
William A. Feather (August 25, 1889 – January 7, 1981) was an American publisher and writer, based in Cleveland, Ohio.

Born in Jamestown, New York, Feather relocated with his family to Cleveland in 1903.  After earning a degree from Western Reserve University in 1910, he began working as a reporter for the Cleveland Press. In 1916, he established the William Feather Magazine. In addition to writing for and publishing that magazine, and writing for other magazines as H. L. Mencken's The American Mercury, he ran a successful printing business, and wrote several books.

His large printing business, William Feather Printers produced catalogues, magazines, booklets, brochures and corporate annual reports. It moved from Cleveland to Oberlin, Ohio in 1982 after a labor dispute.

Oberlin, Ohio
Oberlin (/ˈoʊbərlɪn/) is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States. It is located about 31 miles (50 km) southwest of Cleveland within the Cleveland metropolitan area. The population was 8,555 at the 2020 census. Oberlin is the home of Oberlin College, a liberal arts college and music conservatory with approximately 3,000 students.

The town is the birthplace of the Anti-Saloon League and the Hall–Héroult process, the process of reducing aluminum from its fluoride salts by electrolysis, which made industrial production of aluminum possible.
Dervish Pasha
Dervish Pasha could refer to the following Ottoman statesmen:

Darwish Pasha (governor of Damascus), governor of Damascus in 1571–1574

Dervis Pasha (governor of Diyarbekir) (-1578)

Dervish Pasha Bajezidagić, twice governor of Bosnia and author of Persian poetry

Dervish Mehmed Pasha the Bosnian, grand vizier under Ahmed I (1606)

Koca Dervish Mehmed Pasha, grand vizier under Mehmed IV (1653–54)

Darwish Pasha al-Kurji, governor of Sidon, Karaman and Damascus (1770–1784)

Moralı Dervish Mehmed Pasha, who held office under Abdülhamid I (1775–77) on List of Ottoman grand viziers

Burdurlu Dervish Mehmed Pasha, who held office under Mahmud II (1818–20), see List of Ottoman grand viziers

Darwish Pasha (governor of Damascus)
Darwish Pasha, also spelled Dervish Pasha, was the Ottoman beylerbey (governor-general) of Damascus Eyalet from 1571 to 1574. In 1574 he constructed an Islamic building complex consisting of a mosque, madrasa, mausoleum, and a fountain, which came to be called the Darwishiyya Madrasa after him. The governor endowed the complex as waqf for Isma'il al-Nabulsi, great-grandfather of the Sufi scholar Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi, and his descendants to teach the Shafi'i fiqh (jurisprudence). Isma'il attracted Turkish, Persian, and Arab students there and Darwish Pasha built a mausoleum for him at the Bab al-Saghir cemetery.
Samuel D. Roberts
Samuel D. "Sam" Roberts (born April 3, 1956) is an American politician who served as a member of the New York State Assembly for the 128th district, which includes a portion of Syracuse and the towns of DeWitt, Onondaga and Salina. A member of the Democratic Party, he sought the party's nomination for New York's 22nd Congressional District in the 2022 House of Representatives elections, but finished third in the primary.

DeWitt, New York
DeWitt is a town in Onondaga County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,074. The town is named after major Moses DeWitt, a judge and soldier. An eastern suburb of Syracuse, DeWitt also is the site of most of the campus and all of the academic buildings of Le Moyne College.