hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fatty acid amide
Fatty acid amides (FAAs) are amides formed from a fatty acid and an amine. In nature, many FAAs have ethanolamine as the amine component. Also known as N-acylethanolamines, they contain the functionality RC(O)N(H)CH2CH2OH. A well known example is anandamide. Other fatty acid amides are fatty acid primary amides (FAPAs). They contain the functionality RC(O)NH2). Oleamide is an example of this class of FAPAs.

Amide
In organic chemistry, an amide, also known as an organic amide or a carboxamide, is a compound with the general formula R−C(=O)−NR′R″, where R, R', and R″ represent any group, typically organyl groups or hydrogen atoms. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, as in asparagine and glutamine. It can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid (R−C(=O)−OH) with the hydroxyl group (−OH) replaced by an amino group (−NR′R″); or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group (R−C(=O)−) joined to an amino group.

Common amides are formamide (H−C(=O)−NH2), acetamide (H3C−C(=O)−NH2), benzamide (C6H5−C(=O)−NH2), and dimethylformamide (H−C(=O)−N(−CH3)2).

Amides are qualified as primary, secondary, and tertiary according to the number of acyl groups bounded to the nitrogen atom.
Monty Denneau
Monty Montague Denneau is a computer architect and mathematician. Denneau was awarded the 2002 Seymour Cray Computer Engineering Award for "ingenious and sustained contributions to designs and implementations at the frontier of high performance computing leading to widely used industrial products."

Denneau currently works for IBM, where he is the chief system architect for the Cyclops64 family of supercomputers. In 2013, he was named an IBM Fellow, the company's highest technical honor.

IBM Fellow
An IBM Fellow is a position at IBM appointed by the CEO. Typically only four to nine (eleven in 2014) IBM Fellows are appointed each year, in May or June. Fellow is the highest honor a scientist, engineer, or programmer at IBM can achieve.
CBSSports.com
CBSSports.com (formerly CBS SportsLine.com and SportsLine USA) is an American sports news website operated by Paramount Streaming, a division of Paramount Skydance Corporation. It is the website for CBS' Sports division featuring news, highlights, analysis, and fantasy sports.

Paramount Streaming
Paramount Streaming (formerly CBS Digital Media, CBS Interactive, and ViacomCBS Streaming) is a division of Paramount Skydance that oversees the company's video streaming technology and direct-to-consumer services; including Pluto TV and Paramount+. It was founded in 2005, and Tom Ryan is the company's president and CEO.
Ibn al-Kardabūs
Abū Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Abī l-Qāsim ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Kardabūs al-Tawzarī  (floruit 12th–13th century) was a Tunisian historian, perhaps of Andalusian origin. He was born in Tozeur and studied the hadith and jurisprudence under Abū Ṭāhir al-Silafī at Alexandria. His best-known work is Taʾrīkh al-Andalus, a history of Muslim Spain. His Kitāb al-iktifāʾ is the earliest source to attribute the title Emperor of the Two Religions to King Alfonso VI of León. He died in Tunis.

Alfonso VI of León and Castile
Alfonso VI (c. 1040/1041 – 1 July 1109), nicknamed the Brave (El Bravo) or the Valiant, was king of León (1065–1109), Galicia (1071–1109), and Castile (1072–1109).

After the conquest of Toledo in 1085, Alfonso proclaimed himself victoriosissimo rege in Toleto, et in Hispania et Gallecia (most victorious king of Toledo, and of Spain and Galicia). This conquest, along with El Cid's taking of Valencia would greatly expand the territory and influence of the Leonese/Castilian realm, but also provoked an Almoravid invasion that Alfonso would spend the remainder of his reign resisting.  The Leonese and Castilian armies suffered decisive defeats in the battles of Sagrajas (1086), Consuegra (1097) and Uclés (1108), in the latter of which his only son and heir, Sancho Alfónsez, died, and Valencia was abandoned but Toledo remained part of an expanded realm that he passed to his daughter.
Ilampuyal
Ilampuyal (transl. Young Storm) is a 2009 Danish-Indian Tamil language film directed by K. S. Thurai. The film stars his son Vashanth Sellathurai, Poornitha, Karunas, Sriman, Ravishankar and Sinthuraj.  The music was composed by Vashanth Sellathurai.

The film premiered in 20 Danish theatres in October 2007. The film was released 1 May 2009. Satellite rights went to Kalaignar TV.

Sriman (actor)
Kumaravatha Srinivasa Reddy (born 14 February 1972), better known professionally as Sriman, is an Indian actor who appears primarily in Tamil films, and also some Telugu films. He is primarily known for his prominent character roles in Sethu (1999), Friends (2001) Panchathanthiram (2002), Aayutha Ezhuthu (2004),  Pokkiri (2007), Aegan (2008), Muni 2: Kanchana (2011) and Kanchana 2 (2015). He is the son of noted producer Prakash Reddy. He has acted in over 135 films in his illustrious career.
The Borgia Stick
The Borgia Stick is a 1967 American made-for-television crime drama film starring Don Murray and Inger Stevens. It featured Fritz Weaver, Barry Nelson, Barnard Hughes, Conrad Bain, and Sorrell Booke in supporting roles, and was directed by David Lowell Rich. Shot in New York City, the film was one of the highest-rated events of the 1966–1967 season.

The story of a couple trying to break free from a crime syndicate, it was made by Universal Studios.

Don Murray (actor)
Donald Patrick Murray (July 31, 1929 – February 2, 2024) was an American actor best known for his breakout performance in the film Bus Stop (1956, with Marilyn Monroe), which earned him a nomination for Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. His other films include A Hatful of Rain (1957), Shake Hands with the Devil (1959, with James Cagney), One Foot in Hell (1960, with Alan Ladd), The Hoodlum Priest (1961), Advise & Consent (1962, with Henry Fonda and Charles Laughton), Baby the Rain Must Fall (1965, with Steve McQueen and Lee Remick), Conquest of the Planet of the Apes (1972), Deadly Hero (1975), and Peggy Sue Got Married (1986, with Kathleen Turner).

Murray starred in television series such as The Outcasts (1968–1969), Knots Landing (1979–1981), and Twin Peaks (2017).
Okhotsk Museum Esashi
Okhotsk Museum Esashi (オホーツクミュージアムえさし, Ohōtsuku Myūjiamu Esashi) opened in Esashi, Hokkaidō, Japan in 1999. Dedicated to the history and natural history of Esashi and the Sea of Okhotsk coast, the collection includes the Important Cultural Property Artefacts Excavated from the Menashidomari Site, Hokkaidō.

Important Cultural Property (Japan)
An Important Cultural Property (重要文化財, jūyō bunkazai) is an item officially classified as Tangible Cultural Property by the Japanese government's Agency for Cultural Affairs (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) and judged to be of particular importance to the history, arts, and culture of the Japanese people.
Portrait of the Earl of Buckinghamshire
Portrait of the Earl of Buckinghamshire is a 1784 portrait painting by the British artist Thomas Gainsborough. It depicts the diplomat and  politician John Hobart, 2nd Earl of Buckinghamshire. He served as British Ambassador to Russia from 1762 to 1765 and later as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland from 1776 to 1780.

His daughter Amelia married Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, the British Secretary of War and Foreign Secretary during the Napoleonic Wars. He is shown at full-length in court dress and the ermine robes of a peer. Gainsborough also produced a companion portrait featuring his Irish wife Caroline Connolly.

Gainsborough planned to display the painting at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1784 at Somerset House in London. However following a dispute with the committee, he withdrew this and other paintings and never exhibited with the Royal Academy again. The painting hangs in the Earl's historic residence of Blickling Hall in Norfolk.

Foreign Secretary (United Kingdom)
The secretary of state for foreign, commonwealth and development affairs, commonly known as the foreign secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with responsibility for the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office. The role is one of the most senior ministers in the UK Government and is a Great Office of State. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom and National Security Council, and reports directly to the prime minister.

The officeholder works alongside the other Foreign Office ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow foreign secretary. The Foreign Affairs Select Committee also evaluates the secretary of state's performance.

The current foreign secretary is Yvette Cooper. She was appointed by Prime Minister Keir Starmer on 5 September 2025.
25th Vanier Cup
The 25th Vanier Cup was played on November 18, 1989, at the SkyDome in Toronto, Ontario, and decided the CIAU football champion for the 1989 season. The Western Mustangs won their fifth championship by defeating the Saskatchewan Huskies by a score of 35-10. This was the first Vanier Cup game to be played in the SkyDome and set a Vanier Cup attendance record which stood until 2012.

U Sports football
U Sports football is the highest level of amateur play of Canadian football and operates under the auspices of U Sports, Canada's governing body for university sports. Twenty-seven teams from Canadian universities are divided into four athletic conferences, drawing from the four regional associations of U Sports: Canada West Universities Athletic Association, Ontario University Athletics, Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec, and Atlantic University Sport. At the end of every season, the champions of each conference advance to semifinal bowl games; the winners of these meet in the Vanier Cup national championship.
Hubli Rural Assembly constituency
Hubli Rural Assembly constituency was one of the 224 Vidhan Sabha constituencies in Karnataka Legislative Assembly that used to come under Dharwad district and it came into existence in 1972 and was abolished after the 2008 delimitation exercise. This seat was once held by 2 Chief Ministers S. R. Bommai and Jagadish Shettar and former Chief Minister Basavaraj Bommai contested in this constituency once in 1994 but lost to Jagadish Shettar.

Karnataka Legislative Assembly
The Karnataka Legislative Assembly (formerly the Mysore Legislative Assembly) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the southern Indian state of Karnataka. Karnataka is one of the six states in India where the state legislature is bicameral, comprising two houses: the Vidhan Sabha (lower house) and the Vidhan Parishad (upper house).

There are 224 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) and are directly elected  through adult franchise. Karnataka is thus divided into 224 constituencies to elect members to the Assembly, each constituency electing one member. The assembly is elected using the simple plurality or "first past the post" electoral system. The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India.
Abraham Lincoln (Parin d'Aulaire book)
Abraham Lincoln is a biography written and illustrated by Ingri and Edgar Parin d'Aulaire about Abraham Lincoln. Originally published by Doubleday, it was the recipient of the Caldecott Medal for illustration in 1940.

Illustration
An illustration is a decoration, interpretation, or visual explanation of a text, concept, or process, designed for integration in print and digitally published media, such as posters, flyers, magazines, books, teaching materials, animations, video games and films. An illustration is typically created by an illustrator. Digital illustrations are often used to make websites and apps more user-friendly, such as the use of emojis to accompany digital type. Illustration also means providing an example; either in writing or in picture form.

The origin of the word "illustration" is late Middle English (in the sense ‘illumination; spiritual or intellectual enlightenment’): via Old French from Latin illustratio(n-), from the verb illustrare.
Frik Kirsten
Frederick Barend Christoffel Kirsten (born (1988-08-18)18 August 1988) is a former South African rugby union professional footballer that played as a prop. He represented the Bulls in the international Super Rugby competition between 2009 and 2014 and the Blue Bulls in the domestic Currie Cup and Vodacom Cup competitions between 2008 and 2013, making 81 first class appearances for the Pretoria-based side.

After making his first class debut during the 2008 Vodacom Cup, he made his Super Rugby debut against the Blues in 2009 and his Currie Cup debut in 2009 against Western Province in the same year.

In 2013, he was called up to the South Africa squad following an injury to Frans Malherbe, but failed to make any appearances for the Springboks.

He announced his retirement in December 2014, aged 26, after suffering a neck injury in February of that year.

2008 Vodacom Cup
The 2008 Vodacom Cup was played between 22 February and 16 May 2008 and was the 11th edition of this annual domestic cup competition. This edition of the Vodacom Cup was played between the fourteen provincial rugby union teams in South Africa from the Currie Cup Premier and First Divisions.
Niululing Dam
The Niululing Dam is a gravity dam on a tributary of the Wanquan River in Hainan Province, China. It is located 39 km (24 mi) southwest of Qionghai. The dam serves to produce hydroelectricity and protect against floods. Plans for the dam began in 1965 and construction began in 1976. All four generators were commissioned between 1979 and 1982. Its power station has an 80 MW installed capacity.

Qionghai
Qionghai, also called Keng Hai, is a county-level city in Hainan, China. It is located in the east of Hainan Island.

Kachek city was the capital of Keng Hai, which was the second largest city in Hainan island. Previous counties of Lok Wi and Keng dang were merged to create Kenghai. The town of Bo'ao, which serves as the seat for the Boao Forum for Asia, is located in the city of Qionghai.: 101
Reißt euch los, bekränkte Sinnen, BWV 224
Reißt euch los, bekränkte Sinnen (You are torn loose, afflicted sinners), BWV 224, is a cantata, possibly by Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach or Johann Sebastian Bach. It was composed around 1732–1734 for an unknown occasion. The author of the text is unknown and there are only 30 measures of aria for soprano extant, copied by C. P. E. Bach.

Aria
In music, an aria (/ˈɑːriə/ ⓘ, Italian: [ˈaːrja]; pl.: arie, Italian: [ˈaːrje]; arias in common usage; diminutive form: arietta, Italian: [aˈrjetta]; pl.: ariette; in English simply air) is a self-contained piece for one voice, with or without instrumental or orchestral accompaniment, normally part of a larger work.

The typical context for arias is opera, but vocal arias also feature in oratorios and cantatas, or they can be stand-alone concert arias. The term was originally used to refer to any expressive melody, usually, but not always, performed by a singer.
Collalto Sabino
Collalto Sabino (Sabino: Collartu) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rieti in the Italian region of Latium, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Rome and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Rieti. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Collalto Sabino borders the following municipalities: Carsoli, Collegiove, Marcetelli, Nespolo, Pescorocchiano, Turania. It is located near the Lake Turano. It is home to a baronial Castle, which was owned by the Savelli, Strozzi, Soderini and, from 1641, by the Barberini families. The town is surrounded by a 15th-century line of walls.

Among the sites to the town are Palazzo Latini and the small church of Madonna della Speranza.

Savelli family
The House of Savelli (de Sabellis in documents) were a rich and influential Roman aristocratic family who rose to prominence in the 13th century. The family included several popes, senators and  condottieri. They dominated the city in rivalry with the first generation of great Roman families, the Colonna, the Orsini, the Caetani and the Annibaldi, later being overshadowed by the emergence of the second generation represented by the Chigi, Borghese, Barberini, Doria Pamphili and Sforza Cesarini families.
740 Cantabia
740 Cantabia is a minor planet orbiting the Sun. It was discovered on 10 February 1913 at Winchester, Massachusetts by American amateur astronomer J. H. Metcalf. Cantabia is a contraction of Cantabrigia, Latin for Cambridge, named in honor of Cambridge, Massachusetts. It is orbiting at a distance of 3.05 AU with a period of 5.33 years and an eccentricity (ovalness) of 0.11. Between 2014 and 2021, 740 Cantabia has been observed to occult three stars.

This asteroid shows an exceptionally slow rate of spin. Photometry observations from two independent teams during 2009 were combined to generate a light curve showing a rotation period of 64.453 hours (2.69 days) with a brightness variation of 0.16±0.03 in magnitude. The spectrum is classified as type CX in the Tholen taxonomy. It spans a girth estimated at ~91 km.

C-type asteroid
C-type (carbonaceous /ˌkɑːrbəˈneɪʃəs/) asteroids are the most common variety, forming around 75% of known asteroids. They are volatile-rich and distinguished by a very low albedo because their composition includes a large amount of carbon, in addition to rocks and minerals. They have an average density of about 1.7 g/cm3.

They lie most often at the outer edge of the asteroid belt, 3.5 au (520 million km; 330 million mi) from the Sun, where 80% of the asteroids are of this type, whereas only 40% of asteroids at 2 au (300 million km; 190 million mi) from the Sun are C-type. The proportion of C-types may actually be greater than this, since C-types are much darker (and hence less detectable) than most other asteroid types, except for D-types and others that lie mostly at the extreme outer edge of the asteroid belt.
Bulldog Drummond Escapes
Bulldog Drummond Escapes is a 1937 American mystery thriller film directed by James P. Hogan and starring Ray Milland as Captain Hugh "Bulldog" Drummond alongside Heather Angel and Reginald Denny. Paramount continued with the Bulldog Drummond series, producing seven more films over the next two years. They replaced Milland with John Howard.

James P. Hogan (director)
James Patrick Hogan (commonly referred to as simply James Hogan) (September 21, 1890 in Lowell, Massachusetts – November 4, 1943 in North Hollywood, California) was an American filmmaker.
The films Hogan directed include Bulldog Drummond's Secret Police (1939) and The Mad Ghoul (1943), his last film. He died from a heart attack aged 53.
Dita Indah Sari
Dita Indah Sari (born 30 December 1972) is an Indonesian trade union and socialist activist. As a human rights campaigner during the Suharto regime, she was sentenced to five years' imprisonment in 1996 on the charge of sedition. During her imprisonment, she was named a prisoner of conscience by Amnesty International.

After her release in 1999 she was elected Chairperson by the Congress of the National Front for Indonesian Workers Struggle (FNPBI). She was awarded the 2001 Ramon Magsaysay Award for Emergent Leadership. Politically she is the leader of the PRD, a socialist party within the broader Papernas alliance.

Ramon Magsaysay Award
The Ramon Magsaysay Award (Filipino: Gawad Ramon Magsaysay) is an annual award established to perpetuate former Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay's example of integrity in governance, courageous service to the people, and pragmatic idealism within a democratic society. The prize was established in April 1957 by the trustees of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund based in New York City with the concurrence of the Philippine government. It is often called the "Nobel Prize of Asia".
Wendy Albiston
Wendy Albiston (born 13 January 1969) is a Welsh actress appearing in several feature films including Swede Caroline (2024), Wonder Woman 1984 (2020) and Transformers: The Last Knight (2017) and TV shows including Coronation Street, After Life, The Alienist and Humans.

In 2002, she played De Chevreuse in the Doctor Who audio drama The Church and the Crown and guest starred in the Sarah Jane Smith adventure The TAO Connection.

Previously, she was probably best known for her role as Guard Miller in the 2006 British-Indian film Provoked and as Martha in the 2008 British television mini-series Sense and Sensibility. Most recently she played Baines the chauffeur in the BBC's The Turn of the Screw (2009). Albiston had small roles in the Bollywood film Jhootha Hi Sahi directed by Abbas Tyrewala and in Five Daughters the BBCs factually-based drama telling the stories of five young women who were murdered in Ipswich in 2006.

Albiston is the younger sister to writer Lesley Ann Albiston.

Humans (TV series)
Humans is a science fiction television series that debuted in June 2015 on Channel 4 and on AMC. Written by Jonathan Brackley and Sam Vincent, based on the Swedish science fiction drama Real Humans, the series explores the themes of artificial intelligence, robotics, and their effects on the future of humanity, focusing on the social, cultural, and psychological impact of the invention and marketing of anthropomorphic robots called "synths". The series is produced jointly by Channel 4 and Kudos in the United Kingdom, and AMC in the United States.

Eight episodes were produced for the first series which aired between 14 June and 2 August 2015. The second eight-episode series was broadcast in the UK between 30 October and 18 December 2016. A third series was commissioned in March 2017 and aired eight episodes between 17 May and 5 July 2018. In May 2019, Channel 4 announced that the series had been cancelled.
Deletion–contraction formula
In graph theory, a deletion-contraction formula / recursion is any formula of the following recursive form:

Here G is a graph, f is a function on graphs, e is any edge of G, G \ e denotes edge deletion, and G / e denotes contraction. Tutte refers to such a function as a W-function. The formula is sometimes referred to as the fundamental reduction theorem. In this article we abbreviate to DC.

R. M. Foster had already observed that the chromatic polynomial is one such function, and Tutte began to discover more, including a function f = t(G) counting the number of spanning trees of a graph (also see Kirchhoff's theorem). It was later found that the flow polynomial is yet another; and soon Tutte discovered an entire class of functions called Tutte polynomials (originally referred to as dichromates) that satisfy DC.

Edge contraction
In graph theory, an edge contraction is an operation that removes an edge from a graph while simultaneously merging the two vertices that it previously joined. Edge contraction is a fundamental operation in the theory of graph minors. Vertex identification is a less restrictive form of this operation.
Müllenbach, Cochem-Zell
Müllenbach (German pronunciation: [ˈmʏlənbax]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality, in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kaisersesch, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Electorate of Trier
The Electorate of Trier (German: Kurfürstentum Trier or Kurtrier; French: Trèves) was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire that existed from the end of the 9th to the early 19th century. It was the temporal possession of the prince-archbishop of Trier (Erzbistum Trier) who was, ex officio, a prince-elector of the empire. The other ecclesiastical electors were the archbishops (in the secular context called simply electors) of Cologne and Mainz.

The capital of the electorate was Trier; from the 16th century onward, the main residence of the Elector was in Koblenz. The electorate was secularized in 1803 in the course of the German mediatisation.

The Elector of Trier, in his capacity as archbishop, also administered the Archdiocese of Trier, whose territory did not correspond to the electorate (see map below).