hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Karaichevsky
Karaichevsky (Russian: Караичевский) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Nizhnedolgovskoye Rural Settlement, Nekhayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 35 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Nekhayevsky District
Nekhayevsky District (Russian: Неха́евский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Nekhayevsky Municipal District. It is located in the northwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,220 square kilometers (860 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a stanitsa) of Nekhayevskaya. Population: 15,588 (2010 Census); 17,660 (2002 Census); 19,080 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Nekhayevskaya accounts for 30.0% of the district's total population.
Chiaki Takahashi (politician)
Chiaki Takahashi (高橋 千秋, Takahashi Chiaki, born August 2, 1956) is a Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan, a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet (national legislature). A native of Anō, Mie and graduate of Meiji University, he was elected to the House of Councillors for the first time in 2000 after running unsuccessfully for the House of Representatives in 1998.

Anō, Mie
Anō (安濃町, Anō-chō) was a town located in Age District, Mie Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 11,220 and a density of 303.82 persons per km2. The total area was 36.93 km2.

On January 1, 2006, Anō, along with the city of Hisai, the towns of Geinō and Kawage, the village of Misato (all from Age District), the towns of Hakusan, Ichishi and Karasu, and the village of Misugi (all from Ichishi District), was merged into the expanded city of Tsu; it thus no longer exists as an independent municipality.
Delta Leporis
Delta Leporis which is latinized from δ Leporis is a solitary, orange-hued star in the southern constellation of Lepus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 3.85. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 28.68 mas, it is 114 light years distant from Earth.

This is an old, evolved K-type star with an age of about 10.7 billion years. Keenan and McNeil (1989) classified it as K0 IIIb Fe−1.5 CH0.5, indicating it is a giant star showing a deficiency of iron and an excess of cyanogen in its atmosphere. However, Gray et al. (2006) listed it as K1 IV Fe−0.5, which would suggest a less evolved subgiant star. It may be a red clump star, which indicates it is generating energy through helium fusion at its core.

It has 94% of the Sun's mass, but a radius 10 times wider. It is radiating 46 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,660 K. It is a Population II star.

Stellar core
A stellar core is the extremely hot, dense region at the center of a star. For an ordinary main sequence star, the core region is the volume where the temperature and pressure conditions allow for energy production through thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. This energy in turn counterbalances the mass of the star pressing inward; a process that self-maintains the conditions in thermal and hydrostatic equilibrium. The minimum temperature required for stellar hydrogen fusion exceeds 107 K (10 MK), while the density at the core of the Sun is over 100 g/cm3. The core is surrounded by the stellar envelope, which transports energy from the core to the stellar atmosphere where it is radiated away into space.
Ozicrypta hollinsae
Ozicrypta hollinsae is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologists Robert Raven and Tracey Churchill. The specific epithet hollinsae honours Chris Hollins for her cooperation in the Queensland Museum Spider Pitfall Trapping Program, 1990–1995.

Robert Raven
Robert John Raven is an Australian arachnologist, being the Head of Terrestrial Biodiversity and the Senior Curator (Arachnida) at the Queensland Museum. Dr Raven has described over 450 species of spider in Australia and elsewhere, and is spider bite consultant to the Royal Brisbane Hospital, leading to much work on spider toxins.
Thinned-array curse
The thinned-array curse (sometimes, sparse-array curse) is a theorem in electromagnetic theory of antennas.  It states that a transmitting antenna which is synthesized from a coherent phased array of smaller antenna apertures that are spaced apart will have a smaller minimum beam spot size, but the amount of power that is beamed into this main lobe is reduced by an exactly proportional amount, so that the total power density in the beam is constant.

The origin of the term is not clear. Robert L. Forward cites use of the term in unpublished Hughes Research Laboratories reports dating from 1976.

Power density
Power density is the amount of power (time rate of energy transfer) per unit volume. It is typically measured in watts per cubic meter (W/m³) and represents how much power is distributed within a given space. In various fields such as physics, engineering, and electronics, power density is used to evaluate the efficiency and performance of devices, systems, or materials by considering how much power they can handle or generate relative to their size or volume.

In energy transformers including batteries, fuel cells, motors, power supply units, etc., power density refers to a volume, where it is often called volume power density, expressed as W/m3.

In reciprocating internal combustion engines, power density (power per swept volume or brake horsepower per cubic centimetre) is an important metric, based on the internal capacity of the engine, not its external size.
Sonia Saxena
Sonia Saxena FRCGP is a British physician who is Professor of Primary care and Director of the Child Health Unit at the School of Public Health, Imperial College London. She is a Fellow of the Royal College of General Practitioners and practises as a GP in Putney, London. She is known for her work in improving healthcare, and a focus on improving child health in the early years of life and reducing social inequalities.

Putney
Putney (/ˈpʌtni/) is an affluent district in southwest London, England, in the London Borough of Wandsworth, five miles (eight kilometres) southwest of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
Artificial enzyme
An artificial enzyme, also known as a synthetic enzyme or a synzyme, is a synthetic organic molecule or ion that recreates one or more functions of a natural enzyme. These molecules aim to achieve catalysis with rates and selectivity comparable to those of naturally occurring enzymes.

Current synzymes consist mainly of organic molecules tailored in such a way that they catalyse certain kinds of reactions. Like enzymes, they bind a transition state of a substrate in an active site, and like enzymes they generally obey Michaelis–Menten kinetics.

Cyclodextrin
Cyclodextrins  are a family of cyclic oligosaccharides, consisting of a macrocyclic ring of glucose subunits joined by α-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Cyclodextrins are produced from starch by enzymatic conversion.  They are used in food, pharmaceutical, drug delivery, and chemical industries, as well as agriculture and environmental engineering.

Cyclodextrins are composed of 5 or more α-D-glucopyranoside units linked 1 → 4, as in amylose (a fragment of starch). Typical cyclodextrins contain a number of glucose monomers ranging from six to eight units in a ring, creating a cone shape:

α (alpha)-cyclodextrin: 6 glucose subunits

β (beta)-cyclodextrin: 7 glucose subunits

γ (gamma)-cyclodextrin: 8 glucose subunits

The largest well-characterized cyclodextrin contains 32 1,4-anhydroglucopyranoside units. Poorly-characterized mixtures, containing at least 150-membered cyclic oligosaccharides are also known.
Casuistry
Casuistry (/ˈkæzjuɪstri/ KAZ-ew-iss-tree) is a process of reasoning for resolving an ethical dilemma (moral problem) either by extracting or by extending abstract rules from a particular case of conscience, and reapplying those abstract rules to other, different ethical dilemmas. Casuistry is a method of reasoning common to applied ethics and jurisprudence. Moreover, in philosophy, the term casuistry is a pejorative criticism of the use of clever, but unsound reasoning, especially in ethical questions, as in the case of sophistry. As a method of reasoning, casuistry is both the:

Study of cases of conscience and a method of solving conflicts of obligations by applying general principles of ethics, religion, and moral theology to particular and concrete cases of human conduct. This frequently demands an extensive knowledge of natural law and equity, civil law, ecclesiastical precepts, and an exceptional skill in interpreting these various norms of conduct ...

Soundness
In logic, soundness can refer to either a property of arguments or a property of formal deductive systems.

An argument  is sound if (and only if) it is both valid in form and has no false premises.

A formal system is sound if (and only if) every well-formed formula that can be proven in the system is logically valid with respect to the logical semantics of the system.

These two properties are different but closely related. The former is more relevant for introductory deductive reasoning contexts and the latter arises in metalogic and mathematical logic.
Shao–Jiang Min
Shao–Jiang or Shaojiang Min (simplified Chinese: 邵将; traditional Chinese: 邵將; pinyin: Shàojiāng) is a Min Chinese language centered on Western Nanping in Northwest Fujian, specifically in the Nanping counties of Guangze, Shaowu, and Western Shunchang and the Northern Sanming county of Jiangle.

Shao–Jiang developed from Northern Min (Min Bei), and was deeply influenced by Gan Chinese and Hakka Chinese. The classification of Shao–Jiang is disputed. It is frequently classified as a variety of Northern Min, but sometimes it is excluded from Min and classified as Gan Chinese instead. But it is mutually intelligible with neither other Northern Min nor other Gan. Actually it is a collection of dialects which have limited mutual intelligibility with each other instead of a coherent language. Some Chinese scholars call them Min-Gan varieties (闽赣方言), Min-Gan transitional varieties (闽赣过渡方言) or Min-Hakka-Gan transitional varieties (闽客赣过渡方言).

Guangze County
Guangzeⓘ (simplified Chinese: 光泽县; traditional Chinese: 光澤縣; pinyin: Guāngzé Xiàn) is a county in northwestern Fujian province, People's Republic of China, bordering Jiangxi to the north and west. During the Republican period, Guangze County formed a part of Jiangxi province. Fujian Sunner Food Co., Ltd. located in Shilipu is one of the biggest companies in Guangze.
Listed buildings in Matlock Town
Matlock Town is a civil parish in the Derbyshire Dales district of Derbyshire, England. The parish contains 44 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, six are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the town of Matlock and the surrounding area. Most of the listed buildings are houses, cottages and associated structures, farmhouses and farm buildings. During the middle of the 19th century, Matlock became a centre for hydrotherapy, and buildings known as hydros were built for this purpose. Two of the larger hydros have survived and are listed. The other listed buildings include churches, a chapel, items in a churchyard, public houses, bridges, a former malthouse, a bank, a milestone, a former smithy, and a war memorial.

Derbyshire Dales
Derbyshire Dales (/ˈdɑːrbiʃɪər, -ʃər/ DAR-bee-sheer, -⁠shər) is a local government district in Derbyshire, England. The district was created in 1974 as West Derbyshire; the name was changed to Derbyshire Dales in 1987. The council is based in the town of Matlock, and the district also includes the towns of Ashbourne, Bakewell, Darley Dale and Wirksworth, as well as numerous villages and extensive rural areas. Much of the district is within the Peak District National Park.

The neighbouring districts are High Peak, Sheffield, North East Derbyshire, Amber Valley, South Derbyshire, East Staffordshire and Staffordshire Moorlands.
Alina Pash
Alina Ivanivna Pash (Ukrainian: Аліна Іванівна Паш, pronounced [ɐˈl⁽ʲ⁾inɐ ˈpɑʃ]; born 6 May 1993) is a Ukrainian singer, rapper and songwriter.

In 2016, Pash participated in the sixth season of the Ukrainian edition of The X Factor, placing 3rd. In 2018, she released the single "Bitanga", thanks to which she became popular in Ukraine. In 2019, Alina was included in the Ukrainian Forbes "30 to 30" list as a young opinion leader and won the Ukrainian Elle Style Award as one of the most stylish and successful Ukrainian women. Also in 2019, Pash performed at the grand show celebrating Ukrainian Independence Day, where she rapped a variation on the national anthem of Ukraine in front of President Volodymyr Zelensky and thousands of others. She also participated in Ukrainian national selection for Eurovision 2022 and won the selection beating eventual Eurovision winners Kalush Orchestra.

The X Factor
The X Factor is a television music competition franchise created by British producer Simon Cowell and his company Syco Entertainment. It originated in the United Kingdom, where it was devised as a replacement for Pop Idol (2001–2003), and has been adapted in various countries. The "X Factor" of the title refers to the undefinable "something" that makes for star quality.

Similar to Got Talent, the franchise maintains a YouTube channel, called X Factor Global. The channel uploads clips of X Factor shows from around the world. The channel currently has over 3 million subscribers. Additionally, many individual X Factor shows have their own YouTube channels such as X Factor Latvia.
Minaki
Minaki (/məˈnæˌkiː/ mih-NAH-kee or /miːnɑːˈkiː/ mee-nah-KEE) is an unincorporated area and community in Unorganized Kenora District in northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is located at the point where the Canadian National Railways transcontinental main line crosses the Winnipeg River, between Wade to the west and Ena Lake at the east, and was accessible only by rail until about 1960. It was a fuelling and watering point in the days of steam locomotives; now few trains stop in Minaki, though the thrice-weekly Via Rail transcontinental Canadian passenger trains will stop on request at the Minaki railway station.

Tourism is the economic mainstay of Minaki, with camps, lodges and marinas catering to anglers and hunters. It is the embarkation point for more than 100 water-access cottages on surrounding lakes.  The largest group of cottagers are from Winnipeg, about 3 hours drive away, and from nearby U.S. states.

Transcontinental railroad
A transcontinental railroad or transcontinental railway is contiguous railroad trackage that crosses a continental land mass and has terminals at different oceans or continental borders. Such networks may be via the tracks of a single railroad, or via several railroads owned or controlled by multiple railway companies along a continuous route. Although Europe is crisscrossed by railways, the railroads within Europe are usually not considered transcontinental, with the possible exception of the historic Orient Express.
Transcontinental railroads helped open up interior regions of continents not previously colonized to exploration and settlement that would not otherwise have been feasible. In many cases, they also formed the backbones of cross-country passenger and freight transportation networks. Many of them continue to have an important role in freight transportation, and some such as the Trans-Siberian Railway even have passenger trains going from one end to the other.
Yves De Koninck
Yves De Koninck, FCAHS, FRSC, (born February 18, 1964) is a neuroscientist and Professor of Psychiatry and Neuroscience at Université Laval and Adjunct Professor of Pharmacology and Therapeutics at McGill University.

Canadian Academy of Health Sciences
The Canadian Academy of Health Sciences (CAHS) is one of three national academies that comprise the Council of Canadian Academies (CCA), the highest honour granted to scholars in Canada. The two other CCA academies are the Royal Society of Canada and the Canadian Academy of Engineering.

The CAHS has two functions: a) To conduct assessments on urgent health matters that affect Canadians; b) to recognize individuals of outstanding achievement in the health sciences through elections to fellowship. CAHS fellows are entitled to use the post-nominal letters FCAHS (Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences).
Enio Conti
Enio Edward "Ed" Conti (February 15, 1913 – May 22, 2005) was a professional American football guard in the National Football League for five seasons for the Philadelphia Eagles. He was also a member of the "Steagles", a team that was the result of a temporary merger between the Eagles and Pittsburgh Steelers due to the league-wide manning shortages in 1943 brought on by World War II.

Conti was named head coach of the Bethlehem Bulldogs, a Bethlehem, Pennsylvania-based team in the American Football League, the Eagles' minor league affiliate during their inaugural campaign in 1946. He was replaced by former Lehigh University head coach Leo Prendergast in 1947, and accepted a position as head coach of the football team at Bangor High School in Bangor, Pennsylvania.

Bangor Area High School
Bangor Area High School is a four-year public high school located in Bangor, Pennsylvania in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, in the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania. It is the only high school in the Bangor Area School District.

As of the 2024–25 school year, Bangor Area High School had a student enrollment of 883 students and 57.65 classroom teachers on an FTE basis for a student–teacher ratio of 15.32, according to National Center for Education Statistics data.

Bangor Area High School's colors are maroon and white and its mascot is the Slater, and its athletic teams compete in the Colonial League.
George Whittaker (Canadian politician)
George Herbert Whittaker (22 December 1919 – 26 August 2013) was a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was an orchardist and farmer by career.

He represented British Columbia's Okanagan Boundary electoral district which he won in the 1972 federal election. He was re-elected in the 1974 and 1979 federal elections, thus serving three successive terms from the 29th to 31st Canadian Parliaments.

Whittaker left national politics in 1980 and did not campaign in that year's national elections. He died in Kelowna in 2013. He was 93.

1974 Canadian federal election
The 1974 Canadian federal election was held on July 8, 1974, to elect members  of the House of Commons of Canada of the 30th Parliament of Canada.  The governing Liberal Party was reelected, going from a minority to a majority government, and gave Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau his third term. The Progressive Conservatives, led by Robert Stanfield, did well in the Atlantic provinces, and in the West, but Liberal support in Ontario and Quebec ensured a majority Liberal government.
Parakampylia
Parakampylia (Greek: Παρακαμπύλια) is a former municipality in Aetolia-Acarnania, West Greece, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Agrinio, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 231.282 km2. Population 1,400 (2021). The seat of the municipality was in Agios Vlasios.

Aetolia-Acarnania
Aetolia-Acarnania (Greek: Αιτωλοακαρνανία, Aitoloakarnanía, Greek pronunciation: [etolo.akarnaˈni.a]) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the geographic region of Central Greece and the administrative region of West Greece. A combination of the historical regions of Aetolia and Acarnania, it is the country's largest regional unit. Its capital is Missolonghi for historical reasons, with its biggest city and economic centre at Agrinio. The area is now connected with the Peloponnese peninsula via the Rio-Antirio Bridge. The surrounding regional units take in Arta in Epirus, a narrow length bordering Karditsa of Thessaly, Evrytania to the northeast, and Phocis to the east.
North Shore Conference
The North Shore Conference is a high school athletic conference in Wisconsin.  It was founded in 1985, and membership is concentrated in the northern suburbs of the Milwaukee metropolitan area.  All member schools are affiliated with the Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association.

Athletic conference
An athletic conference is a collection of sports teams which play competitively against each other in a sports league. In many cases conferences are subdivided into smaller divisions, with the best teams competing at successively higher levels. Conferences often, but not always, include teams from a common geographic region.
2025 Atlantic 10 Conference baseball tournament
The 2025 Atlantic 10 Conference baseball tournament was a postseason baseball tournament for the Atlantic 10 Conference in the 2025 NCAA Division I baseball season. The tournament took place from May 20–24, 2025 and was held at Capital One Park in Tysons, Virginia. The 47th edition of the tournament, it was held as a double-elimination tournament. Rhode Island won the tournament, their third in program history, defeating George Mason in the final.

Rhode Island Rams baseball
The Rhode Island Rams baseball team is the varsity intercollegiate baseball team of the University of Rhode Island, located in Kingston, Rhode Island, United States. The program has been a member of the NCAA Division I Atlantic 10 Conference since the start of the 1981 season. Since the 1966 season, the program has played at Bill Beck Field, located on the university's campus. The program has appeared in two NCAA tournaments. It has won two conference tournaments, three regular season conference titles, and three regular season division titles. Three former Rams have appeared in Major League Baseball.
Dorin Goga
Dorin Ioan Goga (born 2 July 1984) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Liga III side Sănătatea Cluj. In his career, Goga also played for teams such as Universitatea Cluj, Politehnica Timișoara or Dinamo Tbilisi, among others.

Liga II
The Liga 2, most commonly spelled as Liga II, is the second level of the Romanian football league system. The league changed its name from Divizia B just before the start of the 2006–07 football season. It is currently sponsored by Casa Pariurilor, a betting company under the official name Liga 2 Casa Pariurilor.
Kalabougou
Kalabougou is a Bambara village on the left bank of the Niger River in the Ségou Region of Mali.

Kalabougou is located across the Niger River from Ségou, and dates back to the Bamana Empire which ruled in the area from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries. The village is known for its craftsmanship, particularly pottery of which the women of the village are traditionally employed in. The potters of Kalabougou are major suppliers of pottery for sale in Bamako, approximately 150 miles (241 km) away, as well as to nearby Ségou.

The rest of the village is divided in trade between blacksmiths, known as numu, fishermen, (known as Somono) and the farmers.

Bambara people
The Bambara (Bambara: ߓߡߊߣߊ߲, romanized: Bamana or ߓߊ߲ߡߊߣߊ߲ Banmana) are a Mandé ethnic group native to much of West Africa, primarily southern Mali, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Burkina Faso and Senegal. They have been associated with the historic Bambara Empire. Today, they make up the largest Mandé ethnic group in Mali, with 80% of the population speaking the Bambara language, regardless of ethnicity.