hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bathophenanthroline
Bathophenanthroline is a heterocyclic organic compound with the formula (C6H5)2C12H6N2.  It is a derivative of 1,10-phenanthroline (C12H8N2) with phenyl groups located at the 4 and 7 position. It is common bidentate ligand, forming a significant subset of transition metal complexes of 1,10-phenanthrolines.  Many of these complexes have distinctive optical properties.

Phenyl group
In organic chemistry, the phenyl group, or phenyl ring, is a cyclic group of atoms with the formula C6H5−, and is often represented by the pseudoelement symbol Ph (archaically φ) or Ø. The phenyl group is closely related to benzene and can be viewed as a benzene ring, minus a hydrogen atom, which may be replaced by some other element or compound to serve as a functional group. A phenyl group has six carbon atoms bonded together in a hexagonal planar ring, five of which are bonded to individual hydrogen atoms, with the remaining carbon bonded to a substituent. Phenyl groups are commonplace in organic chemistry. Although often depicted with alternating double and single bonds, the phenyl group is chemically aromatic and has equal bond lengths between carbon atoms in the ring.
Boxer Codex
The Boxer Codex is a late-16th-century Spanish manuscript produced in the Philippines. It contains 75 colored illustrations of the peoples of China, the Philippines, Japan, Java, the Moluccas, the Ladrones, and Siam. About 270 pages of Spanish text describe these places, their inhabitants and customs. An additional 88 smaller drawings show mythological deities and demons, and both real and mythological birds and animals copied from popular Chinese texts and books in circulation at the time.

The English historian Charles Ralph Boxer purchased the manuscript in 1947 from the collection of Lord Ilchester in London. Boxer recognized the importance of what he called the "Manila Manuscript" and published a paper in 1950 with a detailed description of the codex. He made the manuscript freely available to other researchers for study, and it became known as the Boxer Codex. Boxer eventually sold it to Indiana University, where it is held by the Lilly Library.

Demographics of Vietnam
Demographic features of the population of Vietnam include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Ethnic Vietnamese, or the Viet people (known officially as Kinh), mostly live in the lowlands and speak Vietnamese, while other ethnic groups also speak a variety of languages; together, these communities contribute to the country's diverse demographic composition. Originating in northern Vietnam, the Viet gradually pushed southward and make up much of Vietnam's political landscape. A Vietnamese diaspora can also be found worldwide.

Vietnam's population reached just over 100 million in 2023, making it the 15th largest country by population in the world. It is predicted that by 2035, Vietnam will become an aged society.
Love Sick (Grimm)
"Love Sick" is the 17th episode of the supernatural drama television series Grimm of season 1, which premiered on April 13, 2012, on NBC. The episode was written by Catherine Butterfield, and was directed by David Solomon.

Catherine Butterfield
Catherine Butterfield (born February 5, 1958, in Manhattan, New York City, New York) is an American playwright, screenwriter and actress. She lives in Santa Monica with her partner, Ron West. She has one daughter, the actress Audrey Corsa.
Reflective subcategory
In mathematics, a full subcategory A of a category B is said to be reflective in B when the inclusion functor from A to B has a left adjoint.: 91  This adjoint is sometimes called a reflector, or localization. Dually, A is said to be coreflective in B when the inclusion functor has a right adjoint.

Informally, a reflector acts as a kind of completion operation. It adds in any "missing" pieces of the structure in such a way that reflecting it again has no further effect.

Presheaf (category theory)
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a presheaf on a category  is a functor . If  is the poset of open sets in a topological space, interpreted as a category, then one recovers the usual notion of presheaf on a topological space.

A morphism of presheaves is defined to be a natural transformation of functors.  This makes the collection of all presheaves on  into a category, and is an example of a functor category. It is often written as  and it  is called the category of presheaves on .  A functor into  is sometimes called a profunctor.

A presheaf that is naturally isomorphic to the contravariant hom-functor Hom(–, A) for some object A of C is called a representable presheaf.

Some authors refer to a functor  as a -valued presheaf.
Michael Zagor
Michael S. Zagor is an American television writer. He wrote for television programs including Ben Casey, Room 222, Slattery's People, I Spy, The Long, Hot Summer, GE True, The Bill Cosby Show and The Young Lawyers.

In addition to his writing credits, he and George Eckstein co-wrote the two-part series finale "The Judgment" of the ABC crime drama television series The Fugitive.

Room 222
Room 222 is an American comedy-drama television series created by James L. Brooks and produced by 20th Century Fox Television that originally aired on ABC from September 17, 1969, to January 11, 1974, for 112 episodes (plus one that never aired). The show's ensemble cast, starring Lloyd Haynes, Denise Nicholas, Michael Constantine, and Karen Valentine, it centered around the American history class in Room 222 at a fictional racially-integrated high school in Los Angeles. It was one of the first half-hour American TV shows that dealt with serious contemporary social issues.

In 1970, Room 222 earned the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding New Series, while Constantine and Valentine won for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series and Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series, respectively.
Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Aleppo
The Archdiocese of Aleppo (Arabic: مطرانية حلب للروم الأرثوذكس, romanized: mṭrāny ḥlb llrwm ālrṯwḏks) is an archdiocese of the Antiochian Orthodox Church. It has been headed by Metropolitan Ephraim of Aleppo since 2021. Its territory includes the entirety of Syria, and parts of Lebanon and Turkey.

Paul Yazigi
Metropolitan Paul Yazigi, also Bulus Al-Yaziji (Arabic: بولس اليازجي, romanized: Būlus al-Yāzijī; born 1959) is the metropolitan of the honorary diocese of Diyarbakir, and former metropolitan of the archdiocese of Aleppo, Syria, under the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch.
Schutzmannschaft Battalion 202
Schutzmannschaft Battalion 202 was a failed collaborationist auxiliary police battalion in the General Government during World War II. It consisted of 360 conscripts under German leadership. The unit was created in Kraków on 27 March 1942, with recruitment beginning in May of that year. Only two Polish men volunteered. Consequently, the Germans resorted to conscripting members from the regular Polish city police, known as Einheimische Polizei.

Initially stationed in Łuck in Volhynia, the battalion later operated around Kostopol. In this area, about half of its members deserted to join the Polish resistance, specifically the 27th Home Army Infantry Division, which defended the ethnic Polish population against the UPA massacres. However, the battalion also committed several crimes against civilians, including participating in the pacification of Ukrainian villages.

In response to the mutiny, the Nazis rounded up and executed an additional 60 Polish members of the battalion.

Auxiliary police
Auxiliary police, also called volunteer police, reserve police, assistant police, civil guards, or special police, are usually the part-time reserves of a regular police force. They may be unpaid volunteers or paid members of the police service with which they are affiliated; there is no consistent international definition.

Auxiliary police are primarily tasked with supporting and augmenting the police, but this may also extend to established emergency services such as the fire department (and in the case of fire police), emergency medical services, border guard, and coast guard. Duties commonly assigned to auxiliaries include community policing, neighborhood watch, traffic policing, civil defense, and riot control.

The police powers auxiliaries may exercise vary from agency to agency; some have no or limited authority, while others may be accorded full police powers. They may be armed or unarmed.
Togo Mountains
The Togo Mountains is a mountain range which stretches across the central region of the West African country of Togo and across the eastern and western borders of that country into Ghana and Benin. In Ghana, the range is also known as the Akwapim Hills, and in Benin it is also known as the Atakora Mountains /ˌætəˈkɔːrə/. Part of the range is associated with the country of Niger, where the W National Park is found. The African wild dog, Lycaon pictus, was historically found in this region  but may now be extirpated from this locale.

W National Park
The W National Park (French: Parc national du W) or W Regional Park (French: W du Niger) is a major national park in West Africa around a meander in the Niger River shaped like the letter W (French: double v). The park includes areas of the three countries Niger, Benin and Burkina Faso, and is governed by the three governments. Until 2008, the implementation of a regional management was supported by the EU-funded project ECOPAS (Protected Ecosystems in Sudano-Sahelian Africa, French: Écosystèmes protégés en Afrique soudano-sahélienne). The three national parks operate under the name W Transborder Park (French: Parc régional W). The section of W National Park lying in Benin, measuring over 8,000 km2 (3,100 sq mi), came under the full management of African Parks in June 2020. In Benin, W National Park is contiguous with Pendjari National Park which is also under the management of African Parks.
Bear attack
A bear attack is a violent attack by a bear on another animal, for predation, territoriality or self-defense, although it usually refers to a bear attacking a human or a domesticated animal such as pets and livestock. Bear attacks are of particular concern for those who happen to be around bear habitats and can be fatal, and hikers, campers, fishermen and others in bear country often need to take precautions against bear attacks.

Stephen Herrero, a Canadian biologist, reports that during the 1990s, bear attacks killed around three people a year in the United States and Canada, as compared to the 30 to 50 people killed every year by dogs.

Violence
Violence is characterized as the use of physical force by humans to cause harm to other living beings, such as pain, injury, disablement, death, damage and destruction. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines violence as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation"; it recognizes the need to include violence not resulting in injury or death.
Larissa Drekonja
Larissa Drekonja is a Slovenian American actress. Her breakthrough role was as Galina on NBC TV show Windfall in 2006. She has appeared on films like Cop Out, 25th Hour and the TV show ZOS: Zone of Separation since.

25th Hour
25th Hour is a 2002 American drama film directed by Spike Lee and starring Edward Norton. Adapted by David Benioff from his 2001 debut novel The 25th Hour, it tells the story of a man's last 24 hours of freedom as he prepares to go to prison for seven years for dealing drugs.

25th Hour opened to positive reviews, with several critics since having ranked it as one of the best films of its decade and praising its portrayal of New York City after the September 11 attacks. The film was subsequently ranked 26th on the BBC's 100 Greatest Films of the 21st Century list in 2016.
Aspen Creek Grill
Aspen Creek Grill (formerly Aspen Creek) is a restaurant chain with 8 locations.

Aspen Creek's menu centers on steaks, salads, chicken, pasta, burgers and seafood.

Aspen Creek restaurants are located in Louisville, Kentucky; Noblesville, Whitestown, and Greenwood, Indiana; and  Amarillo, Irving, Lubbock, and San Antonio in Texas.

Chain store
A chain store or retail chain is a retail outlet in which several locations share a brand, central management, and standardized business practices. They have come to dominate many retail markets, dining markets, and service categories in many parts of the world. A franchised retail establishment is one form of a chain store.  In 2005, the world's largest retail chain, Walmart, became the world's largest corporation based on gross sales.
Wiggers diagram
A Wiggers diagram, named after its developer, Carl Wiggers, is a unique diagram that has been used in teaching cardiac physiology for more than a century. In the Wiggers diagram, the X-axis is used to plot time subdivided into the cardiac phases, while the Y-axis typically contains the following on a single grid:

Blood pressure
Aortic pressure
Ventricular pressure
Atrial pressure

Ventricular volume

Electrocardiogram

Arterial flow (optional)

Heart sounds (optional)

The Wiggers diagram clearly illustrates the coordinated variation of these values as the heart beats, assisting one in understanding the entire cardiac cycle.

Aorta
The aorta (/eɪˈɔːrtə/ ay-OR-tə; pl.: aortas or aortae) is the main and largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart, branching upwards immediately after, and extending down to the abdomen, where it splits at the aortic bifurcation into two smaller arteries (the common iliac arteries). The aorta distributes oxygenated blood to all parts of the body through the systemic circulation.
Cespedosa de Tormes
Cespedosa de Tormes is a municipality in the province of Salamanca,  western Spain, part of the autonomous community of Castile-Leon. It is located 58 kilometres (36 mi) from the city of Salamanca and as of 2016 has a population of 2518 people. The municipality covers an area of 46 km2 (18 sq mi).

The village lies 1,020 metres (3,350 ft) above sea level and the postal code is 37750.

Postal code
A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.

As of August 2021, the Universal Postal Union lists 160 countries which require the use of a postal code.

Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. One example is the French CEDEX system.
Julian More
Julian Bensley More (15 June 1928 – 15 January 2010) was a British writer, best known for book and lyrics to musicals Grab Me a Gondola, Expresso Bongo, Songbook and the English-language version of Irma La Douce.

More was born in Wales and educated at Stowe and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he wrote and performed with the Cambridge Footlights.

He wrote script translation and lyrics for the English-language film version of The Young Girls of Rochefort (Les demoiselles de Rochefort). He also wrote English lyrics for many French popular song hits, include some by Françoise Hardy.

His screenwriting credits include the films Chanel Solitaire (1981), The Catamount Killing (1974) and Incense for the Damned (1971).

More's later travel and food writing includes Views from a French Farmhouse (1985), A Taste of Provence (1988) and A Taste of Burgundy (1993).

Footlights
The Cambridge Footlights, commonly referred to simply as Footlights, is a student sketch comedy  troupe located in Cambridge, England. Footlights was founded in 1883, and is one of Britain's oldest student sketch comedy troupes. The comedy society is run by the students of the University of Cambridge.
Rei Wakamatsu
Rei Wakamatsu (Japanese: 若松 怜, Hepburn: Wakamatsu Rei; born 2 March 2006) is a Japanese Grand Prix motorcycle racer who competes in the J-GP3 class of the 2025 All Japan Road Race Championship for JAPAN POST docomo business TP.

He made his Grand Prix debut in the Moto3 World Championship in 2024, acting as a replacement rider for MLav Racing. He is also an Asia Talent Cup graduate, having participated in the 2019, 2021 and 2022 seasons.

Mobility Resort Motegi
Mobility Resort Motegi (モビリティリゾートもてぎ) is a motorsport venue located in Motegi, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Originally Twin Ring Motegi (ツインリンクもてぎ), the venue's name came from the facility having two race tracks: a 2.493 km (1.549 mi) oval track and a 4.801 km (2.983 mi) road course. It was built in 1997 by Honda Motor Co., Ltd., as part of the company's effort to bring the Championship Auto Racing Teams series to Japan, helping to increase their knowledge of American open-wheel racing. The oval was last raced on in 2010 by the Indycar Series. On 1 March 2022, the name of the track was changed to Mobility Resort Motegi, coinciding with the 25th anniversary of the facility. The road course's most notable event is the Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix which is currently held every year. The track also currently hosts rounds in the domestic Super Formula Championship and Super GT series each year.
Ute Steppin
Ute Steppin  (born (1965-05-31)31 May 1965) was a German female volleyball player.

She was part of the East Germany women's national volleyball team at the 1988 Summer Olympics, and of the Germany women's national volleyball team at the 1996 Summer Olympics. She participated in the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship. On club level she played with Schweriner SC.

1994 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship
The 1994 FIVB Women's World Championship was the twelfth edition of the tournament, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB. It was held from 17 to 30 October 1994 in São Paulo and Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Talatala Po'oi
Talatala oe Toetu Po'oi (born 30 March 1997) is a Tongan Athlete who has represented Tonga at the Commonwealth Games, Pacific Games, and Pacific Mini Games. He has also been a member of the Tonga national under-20 football team.

Po'oi is from Neiafu in the province of Vavaʻu. In 2016 he was selected as a member of the Tonga national under-20 football team for the 2016 OFC U-20 Championship. He played in the match against the Cook Islands.

At the 2017 Pacific Mini Games in Port Vila he won gold in the 110 metres hurdles and bronze in the 400 metres hurdles. At the 2019 Pacific Games in Apia he won silver in the 110 metres hurdles. Following the games he was granted land in Vavaʻu by governor Lord Fakatulolo.

In 2018 he competed in the 110m hurdles at the 2018 Commonwealth Games on the Gold Coast in Australia, coming 8th in his heat.

Cook Islands national under-20 football team
The Cook Islands national under-20 football team is the national U-20 team of the Cook Islands and is controlled by the Cook Islands Football Association. With a population of around 24,000 people it remains one of the smallest FIFA teams.
Handball at the 2015 Pan American Games – Men's tournament
The men's handball tournament at the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto, Canada, was held at the Exhibition Centre (in Hall B) from July 17 to 25.

For these Games, the men competed in an 8-team tournament. The teams were grouped into two pools of four teams each for a round-robin preliminary round. The top two teams in each group advanced to a single elimination bracket.

Argentina were the defending champions from the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara, defeating Brazil, 26–23 in the final. The two teams faced each other again in the 2015 final, this time with Brazil the victor, 29-27 in extra time.

The tournament determined one direct qualifier for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and one entrant in the Olympic Qualification Tournament.  Because the Olympic host nation, Brazil, won, the runner up (Argentina) qualified directly for the Olympics and the third-place team (Chile) earned a spot in the Olympic Qualification Tournament.

Enercare Centre
Enercare Centre, formerly known as the Direct Energy Centre and originally the National Trade Centre, is an exhibition complex located at Exhibition Place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is used by the Canadian National Exhibition and the Royal Agricultural Winter Fair, as well as by various trade shows. In 2015, it hosted several sport competitions and the broadcasting centre for the 2015 Pan American Games.

The naming rights for the complex are currently owned by energy services company Enercare Inc., a subsidiary of Brookfield Infrastructure Partners.
Yakou (mountain pass)
Yakou (Chinese: 埡口; pinyin: Yàkǒu), also known as Guanshan Pass (Chinese: 關山埡口; pinyin: Guānshān Yàkǒu) or Daguanshan Pass (Chinese: 大關山埡口; pinyin: Dàguānshān Yàkǒu), is a mountain pass in Taiwan transversing the Central Mountain Range within Yushan National Park. The name Yakou literally means "mountain pass". At the peak, there is a short, one-way named the Daguanshan Tunnel, which is the highest tunnel in Taiwan. Administratively, it is located at the border of Taoyuan, Kaohsiung and Haiduan, Taitung.

Yakou is known its frequent sea of clouds on the east side due to orographic lift from the Pacific Ocean. However, due to severe road collapses following Typhoon Morakot in 2009, Yakou is currently inaccessible by car.

Occasionally, the character "啞" (yǎ) is used in place of 埡 since the latter is a rarely used character.

Central Mountain Range
The Central Mountain Range is the principal mountain range on the island of Taiwan. It runs from the north of the island to the south. It acts as a barrier between the east and west coasts, hindering travel. The tallest peak of the range is Xiuguluan Mountain, 3,860 m (12,664 ft).
31st Artios Awards
31st Artios Awards, presented by the Casting Society of America, honoring the best originality, creativity and the contribution of casting to the overall quality of a film, television, theatre and short-form projects, was held on January 21, 2016, in simultaneous ceremonies at the Beverly Hilton Hotel, Los Angeles and Hard Rock Cafe in New York City. The New York City ceremony was hosted by Tituss Burgess, while Greg Grunberg hosted the Los Angeles ceremony.

The television, theatre and short-form projects nominations were announced on August 21, 2015. The film nominations were announced on January 8, 2016.

Greg Grunberg
Gregory Phillip Grunberg (born July 11, 1966) is an American film and television actor known for starring as Eric Weiss in the ABC series Alias, Matt Parkman in the NBC series Heroes, Temmin "Snap" Wexley in Star Wars: The Force Awakens and Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker, and Phil in A Star Is Born. He has often appeared in works produced and directed by his childhood friend J. J. Abrams, such as Felicity as Sean Blumberg. He was a recurring cast member in the first two seasons of the Showtime American television drama series Masters of Sex.