hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raghav Chadha
Raghav Chadha is an Indian politician and a member of the Aam Aadmi Party, who is serving as a member of parliament in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian parliament. He was elected to the Rajya Sabha by the Punjab Legislative Assembly in 2022. He served as the former vice chairman of the Delhi Jal Board and a member of the Delhi Legislative Assembly from the Rajinder Nagar constituency from 2020 till 2022. He is also a working chartered accountant.

Delhi Legislative Assembly
The Legislative Assembly of the National Capital Territory of Delhi is the unicameral legislature of the union territory of Delhi in India. Delhi Legislative Assembly is the legislative arm of the Government of Delhi. At present, it consists of 70 members, directly elected from 70 constituencies. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner.

The seat of assembly is the Old Secretariat building, which is also the seat of the Government of Delhi.
Spectroscopy (magazine)
Spectroscopy is a trade magazine published since 1985. Spectroscopy has an editorial goal to promote and support the use of spectroscopic instrumentation in applied research, environmental testing, quality control, and the life sciences.

Spectroscopy covers many techniques from analytical chemistry to include: atomic absorption and emission (including plasma-based methods such as ICP and ICP-MS); ultraviolet spectroscopy, visible spectroscopy; infrared spectroscopy (including FT-IR and Near-infrared spectroscopy; fluorescence, phosphorescence, and luminescence; Raman spectroscopy and FT-Raman; X-ray (XRF, XRD, and microanalysis); mass spectrometry; magnetic resonance (NMR, EPR, MRI); surface analysis (ESCA, SIMS, Auger); and laser-based spectroscopic techniques.

Luminescence
Luminescence can be simply defined as any emission of visible electromagnetic radiation (light) not ascribable directly to incandescence. Incandescence emerges at high temperatures due to thermal radiation; in contrast, because luminescence is often independent of temperature, it is sometimes termed cold light. However, some kinds of luminescence (e.g., candoluminescence, pyroluminescence, thermoluminescence) are associated with or require elevated temperatures. Notably, luminescence is exhibited by primary light sources (which emit light) rather than by secondary light sources (which reflect or transmit light).

Luminescence has also been defined to include all optical radiation, rather than being limited to visible radiation. In addition, it has been defined as a spontaneous emission of radiation from an electronically or vibrationally excited species not in thermal equilibrium with its environment.
Howard J. Hunter Jr.
Howard J. Hunter Jr. (December 19, 1946 – January 7, 2007) was a  Democratic member of the North Carolina General Assembly representing the state's fifth House district, including constituents in Bertie, Gates, Hertford and Perquimans (and formerly Northampton) counties.  A funeral director from Ahoskie, North Carolina, Hunter served nine full terms in the state House of Representatives. After being elected to a tenth term in November 2006, Hunter died on January 7, 2007, before the new legislature convened. He was born in Washington, D.C.

His son, Howard J. Hunter III, sought to replace his father in the seat, but local Democratic Party leaders instead nominated retired court clerk Annie Mobley. The younger Hunter was eventually elected to the House, in 2014.

Perquimans County, North Carolina
Perquimans County (/pɜːrˈkwɪmənz/ pur-KWIM-unz) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,005. Its county seat is Hertford. The Harvey Point Defense Testing Activity facility is located in Perquimans County.
Leginy, Bartoszyce County
Leginy [lɛˈɡʲinɨ] (German: Legienen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bartoszyce, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Bartoszyce County
Bartoszyce County (Polish: powiat bartoszycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Bartoszyce, which lies 56 kilometres (35 mi) north of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county contains three other towns: Górowo Iławeckie, 21 km (13 mi) west of Bartoszyce, Bisztynek, 22 km (14 mi) south of Bartoszyce, and Sępopol, 14 km (9 mi) east of Bartoszyce.

The county covers an area of 1,308.54 square kilometres (505.2 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 57,642, out of which the population of Bartoszyce is 23,482, that of Górowo Iławeckie is 3,951, that of Bisztynek is 2,370, that of Sępopol is 1,958, and the rural population is 25,881.
Outline of cartography
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cartography:

Cartography (also called mapmaking) – study and practice of making and using maps or globes.  Maps have traditionally been made using pen and paper, but the advent and spread of computers has revolutionized cartography.

Paper
Paper is a thin sheet of matted cellulose fibers. Largely derived from lignocellulose, paper is created from a pulp dissolved into a slurry that is drained and dried into sheets. Different types of paper are defined by constituent fiber, paper pulp, sizing, coating, paper size, paper density and grammage.

The papermaking process developed in East Asia at least as early as 105 CE by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun, although archaeological evidence exists of 2nd century BCE paper-like material in China. Before the industrialization of paper production, the most common paper was rag paper, made from discarded natural fiber textiles collected by ragpickers. The 1843 invention of wood pulp, coupled with the Second Industrial Revolution, made pulpwood paper the dominant variety to this day.
Manfuhah Al Jadidah
Manfuhah al-Jadidah (Arabic: حي منفوحة الجديدة, lit. 'The New Manfuhah') is a subject of Baladiyah al-Batha and a residential neighborhood in southern Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It shares proximity with Skirinah neighborhood to the north and al-Yamamah and al-Manfuhah neighborhoods to the south.

Al Batʼha Sub-Municipality
Al-Batʼha Sub-Municipality  (Arabic: بلدية البطحاء الفرعية, romanized: Baladīyah al-Baṭʼḥāʾ al-Farʿīyyah), is one of the 16 baladiyahs of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It includes the neighbourhoods of ad-Dirah and Margab, two of the five districts that partially form part of the al-Batʼha commercial area and as well as Manfuhah, al-Mansourah, al-Khalidiyyah and parts of Sinaiyah Qadeem. It was named after Wadi al-Batha and was made into a municipal division (baladiyah) in 1977 during the reign of King Khalid.
Muktijoddha Sangsad KC
Muktijoddha Sangsad Krira Chakra  (Bengali: মুক্তিযোদ্ধা সংসদ ক্রীড়া চক্র) is a professional football club based in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The club plays in the Bangladesh Championship League, the second level of Bangladeshi football league system, as they suffered relegation from the top-tier Premier League in 2022–23 for the first time since the inception of the Premier League in 2007.

Bangladesh Championship League
Bangladesh Championship League (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ চ্যাম্পিয়নশিপ লিগ), simply known as the BCL and officially ABG Bashundhara Bangladesh Championship League since 2023 for sponsorship reasons, is the second-tier professional football league of Bangladesh run by the Bangladesh Football Federation. It was founded in 2012.
Rajasthan Basin
The Rajasthan Basin is a sedimentary basin located in the northwest part of India. This sedimentary basin is one of India’s major sources of petroleum and natural gas and has a geographical extent of about 126,000 square kilometres (49,000 sq mi). The Rajasthan Basin unconfirmably overlies Precambrian basement rocks.

Basement (geology)
In geology, basement and crystalline basement are crystalline rocks lying above the mantle and beneath all other rocks and sediments. They are sometimes exposed at the surface, but often they are buried under miles of rock and sediment. The basement rocks lie below a sedimentary platform or cover, or more generally any rock below sedimentary rocks or sedimentary basins that are metamorphic or igneous in origin. In the same way, the sediments or sedimentary rocks on top of the basement can be called a "cover" or "sedimentary cover".

Basement rock consists of continental crustal rock which has been modified several times through tectonic events including deformation, metamorphism, deposition, partial melting and magmatism.
Ishbel Ross
Ishbel Ross (December 15, 1895 – September 21, 1975) was an American newspaper reporter, novelist, and nonfiction writer. In a writing career spanning six decades, Ross wrote numerous biographies of prominent women, with her best-known work being the first substantial history of women journalists.

Women in journalism
Women in journalism are individuals who participate in journalism. As journalism became a profession, women were restricted by custom from access to journalism occupations, and faced significant discrimination within the profession.  Nevertheless, women operated as editors, reporters, sports analysts and journalists even before the 1890s in some countries  as far back as the 18th century.
Posyolok imeni Artyoma
Posyolok imeni Artyoma (Russian: Посёлок имени Артёма) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Sergeikhinskoye Rural Settlement, Kameshkovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 366 as of 2010. There are 7 streets.

Kameshkovsky District
Kameshkovsky District (Russian: Ка́мешковский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the sixteen in Vladimir Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,090 square kilometers (420 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kameshkovo. Population: 30,862 (2021 census); 30,466 (2010 census); 37,961 (2002 Census); 42,298 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kameshkovo accounts for 39.0% of the district's total population.
Eniaios
Eniaios is a 22-part silent avant-garde film by Gregory Markopoulos, completed in 1991 and released in parts starting in 2004. The film is made from previous released and unreleased films by Markopoulos, arranged into 22 orders totaling 80 hours of footage. An extensive restoration effort on the film began several years after Markopoulos's death in 1992, and as prints of each order have been created, they have been presented in an ongoing premiere, taking place every four years at a remote site near Lyssarea, Greece.

Lyssarea
Lyssarea (Greek: Λυσσαρέα; before 1927: Μπουγιάτι Bougiati) is a village in Southwestern Arcadia, Greece. It is part of the municipal unit of Iraia. It is built on the slopes of two hills called Agios Lias and Skylaras and appears amphitheatric with its old stone houses and tile roofs. The oldest dated house in Lyssarea was built in 1787. The majority of old inhabitants were builders (Greek χτιστάδες/μαστόροι). It is 4 km northwest of Paloumpa, 4 km south of Kalliani and 12 km northwest of Dimitsana.
Karen Mahlab
Karen Mahlab AM, , is an Australian businesswoman, philanthropist, and social entrepreneur whose work has focused on developing infrastructure and communication channels within Australia's charity and media fields. She is known for founding Pro Bono Australia, a media organisation serving the Australian civil society sector. Mahlab has also co-founded social enterprises focused on connecting communities, non-profit organisations, volunteers, philanthropic groups, and businesses.

Charity (practice)
Charity is the voluntary provision of assistance to those in need. It serves as a humanitarian act, and is unmotivated by self-interest. Various philosophical views about charity exist, which are often associated with religion.
Ted Key (musician)
Anthony Matthew "Ted" Key (born 1 July 1960 in Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England) was the original bassist in The Housemartins. He was replaced in 1985 by Norman Cook.

Key originally played with a local band called The Gargoyles and continues to be involved in the Hull music scene and is the frontman of Ted Key and the Kingstons. After this band folded, In late 2022, he joined with some new musicians including two members of Hull band The Gold Needles, in a new band Ted Key + The VIP's who debuted at The New Adelphi Club in early 2023, and are currently active.

Bassist
A bassist (also known as a bass player or bass guitarist) is a musician who plays a bass instrument such as a double bass (upright bass, contrabass, wood bass), bass guitar (electric bass, acoustic bass), keyboard bass (synth bass) or a low brass instrument such as a tuba or trombone. Many musical genres tend to be associated with at least one or more of these instruments.
Halifax International Security Forum
The Halifax International Security Forum (also known as HISF or Halifax Forum) is an annual summit for international government and military officials, academic experts, authors and entrepreneurs, held in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is organized by HFX, an organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. that describes itself and has been quoted as an "independent, nonpartisan, nonprofit organization". HFX addresses global security issues through various programs, with the Halifax International Security Forum serving as its flagship event. The 17th Halifax International Security Forum was held from 21 to 23 November, 2025.

Jonathan Vance
General Jonathan Holbert Vance (born January 3, 1964) is a retired Canadian Forces officer who served as a general in the Canadian Army. Vance was the Chief of the Defence Staff from 2015 to 2021.

In July 2021, Vance was charged with one count of obstruction of justice, in relation to investigations of sexual misconduct. Prior to this charge, it was alleged he boasted that he was "untouchable" by military police due to his high rank. On March 30, 2022, Vance pleaded guilty to a summary (misdemeanour) charge of obstruction of justice, and subsequently received a conditional discharge.
Picris
Picris (oxtongues) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753.

Picris species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, such as the grass moth Diasemia reticularis. Schinia cardui feeds exclusively on P. hieracioides.

The genus is widespread across Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia.

Schinia
Schinia, commonly called flower moths, is a large genus of moths belonging to the family Noctuidae. The genus has a Holarctic distribution with the vast majority of species being found in North America, many with a very restricted range and larval food plant.
Ziggy Stardust Tour
The Ziggy Stardust Tour was a 1972–1973 concert tour by the English singer-songwriter David Bowie, to promote the studio albums Hunky Dory, The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars and Aladdin Sane. Bowie was accompanied by his backing group, the Spiders from Mars, and integrated choreography, costumes and make-up into the live shows to make them a wider entertainment package. The tour generated significant press coverage, drawing positive reviews and launching Bowie to stardom.

The tour covered the UK, the US and Japan. It moved from small pub and club gigs at the beginning, to highly publicised sold-out shows at the end. At the tour's last gig at the Hammersmith Odeon, London, on 3 July 1973, Bowie shocked fans by announcing that it was the last show he would do with the Spiders from Mars.

Trevor Bolder
Trevor Bolder (9 June 1950 – 21 May 2013) was an English rock musician, songwriter and record producer. He is best known for his long association with Uriah Heep and his tenure with the Spiders from Mars, the backing band for David Bowie, although he also played alongside a variety of musicians from the early 1970s.
Metal Conqueror Tour
The Metal Conqueror Tour was a concert tour by English heavy metal band Judas Priest in support of the album Defenders of the Faith. It ran from 20 January until 13 September 1984.

Following the tour, the band took a one-year hiatus from touring, apart from a brief performance at the 1985 Live Aid concert in Philadelphia.

Living After Midnight
"Living After Midnight" is a song by English heavy metal band Judas Priest. It was originally featured on their 1980 album British Steel, which was their first gold album in the United States selling more than 500,000 copies (and eventually went platinum for selling at least one million). The song speaks to the hedonistic, rebellious spirit of the late 1970s and early 1980s, and is among the band's most popular songs.
Aroha Yates-Smith
Greta Regina Aroha Yates-Smith, known as Aroha Yates-Smith, is a New Zealand performer and academic, who affiliates to Te Arawa, Tainui, Takitimu, Horouta, and Mataatua. She is known for her research into Māori female deities.

Richard Nunns
Richard Anthony Nunns QSM (7 December 1945 – 7 June 2021) was a Māori traditional instrumentalist of Pākehā heritage. He was particularly known for playing taonga pūoro and his collaboration with fellow Māori instrumentalist Hirini Melbourne. After Melbourne's death, he was regarded as the world's foremost authority on Māori instruments.
Bobs Lake (Renfrew County)
Bobs Lake is a lake in Brudenell, Lyndoch and Raglan, Renfrew County in Eastern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Saint Lawrence River drainage basin and is part of the Madawaska River system. The nearest settlement is Hardwood Lake, 4 kilometres (2 mi) to the east.

Eastern Ontario
Eastern Ontario (census population 1,892,332 in 2021) (French: Est de l'Ontario) is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It occupies a wedge-shaped area bounded by the Ottawa River and Quebec to the northeast and east, the St. Lawrence River and New York to the south, and Northern Ontario and Central Ontario to the west and northwest.
Tezu
Tezu is a census town and the headquarters of Lohit district in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. It is the fifth largest town in Arunachal Pradesh and one of its most developed.

Tezu is one of the 60 constituencies of Legislative Assembly of Arunachal Pradesh. The current MLA (2024) of Tezu constituency is Mahesh Chai, who defeated NPEP'S Karikho Kri with 2805 votes in the 2024 general election.

The town  is known for its plain lands, dense forested areas, riverine and gorging rivers. Due to its close proximity to the hilly areas of Mishmi Hills, The town also serves as the main logistical hub for the transportation of goods and commuter to Anjaw district.

Mishmi Hills
The Mishmi Hills are located at the northeastern tip of India, in northeastern Arunachal Pradesh.  On the Chinese side, they form the southern parts of Nyingchi Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region.

These hills occur at the junction of Northeastern Himalaya and Indo-Burma ranges. The Himalayan arc takes a sharp turn and meets Indo-Burma ranges. The rocks of eastern lesser Himalaya and the central crystallines appear to be largely attenuated and truncated in Mishmi Hills.
Zondervan (surname)
Zondervan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kenrick Zondervan (born 1985), Dutch basketball player

Krina Zondervan, Dutch biomedical scientist

Romeo Zondervan (born 1959), Dutch footballer

Romeo Zondervan
Romeo Eugene Zondervan (born 4 March 1959) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He played his early football with FC Den Haag and FC Twente before joining West Bromwich Albion, for whom he made 84 appearances. He signed for Ipswich Town in 1984 for £70,000 and went on to make 274 appearances for the club. Then he moved to Dutch club NAC Breda in 1992 and played there until 1995, and then finished his playing career. He made one appearance for the Netherlands national team.
Danny Spooner
Danny Spooner (16 December 1936 – 3 March 2017) was an Australian traditional folk singer and social historian. Born in England, he left school at the age of 13 and worked as a salvage tug and trawler skipper before moving to Australia in 1962. He rapidly became involved in the Melbourne folk revival centred on Frank Traynor's folk club, and was a major figure in the Australian folk scene thereafter.

Salvage tug
A salvage tug, also known historically as a wrecking tug, is a specialized type of tugboat that is used to rescue ships that are in distress or in danger of sinking, or to salvage ships that have already sunk or run aground.
Limoges Métropole
Communauté urbaine Limoges Métropole is the communauté urbaine, an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Limoges. It is located in the Haute-Vienne department, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, southwestern France. It was created in November 2002 as the Communauté d'agglomération Limoges Métropole, which was transformed into a communauté urbaine on 1 January 2019. Its area is 520.6 km2. Its population was 207,385 in 2018, of which 131,479 in Limoges proper.

Haute-Vienne
Haute-Vienne (French: [ot vjɛn]; Occitan: Nauta Vinhana or Nauta Viena), also translated as Upper Vienne, is a department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwest-central France. Named after the Vienne River, it is one of the twelve départements that together constitute Nouvelle-Aquitaine. The prefecture and largest city in the department is Limoges, the other towns in the department each having fewer than twenty thousand inhabitants. Haute-Vienne had a population of 372,359 in 2019.
Ralph Allwood
Ralph Allwood MBE (born 30 April 1950) is a British choral conductor, composer and teacher, who currently holds the appointment of Fellow Commoner advising in Music at Queens' College, Cambridge.  He was previously the Precentor and Director of Music at Eton College between 1985 and 2011.
He had previously headed the music departments at Pangbourne and Uppingham.

During his time at Uppingham, he established choral courses, now known as Rodolfus Choral Courses, but formerly known as Uppingham Choral Courses and most recently Eton Choral Courses, of which there are now seven a year. He also conducts the Rodolfus Choir, a critically acclaimed group of singers aged 16–25, drawn principally from these Choral Courses.

Allwood is also the conductor of Inner Voices, a youth chamber choir based in London. Set up in 2011, the choir brings together great singers from a group of London state schools to sing music from across the genre boundaries under the direction of Allwood.

Pangbourne College
Pangbourne College is a coeducational public school (private boarding and day school), for pupils aged 13–18 years, in Pangbourne, Berkshire, England. It is set in 230 acres, on a hill south-west of the village, in an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The college was founded by Sir Thomas Lane Devitt Bt. in 1917 as The Nautical College, Pangbourne with the purpose of training boys to become Merchant Navy officers. It became "Pangbourne College" in 1969 and while conforming to the general lines of a British independent boarding school, retains a distinctly nautical flavour; the pupils wear naval uniform.
Greater Milwaukee Open
The Greater Milwaukee Open was a regular golf tournament in Wisconsin on the PGA Tour. For 42 years, it was played annually in the Milwaukee area, the final sixteen editions in the north suburb of Brown Deer at the Brown Deer Park Golf Course. U.S. Bancorp was the main sponsor of the tournament in its final years and the last purse in 2009 was $4 million, with a winner's share of $720,000. The event was run by Milwaukee Golf Charities, Inc., with proceeds going to a variety of Wisconsin charities.

U.S. Amateur
The United States Amateur Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Amateur, is the leading annual golf tournament in the United States for amateur golfers. It is organized by the United States Golf Association and is currently held each August over a 7-day period.