hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sai Shan
Sai Shan (Chinese: 細山) is a hill behind Mayfair Gardens on Tsing Yi Island, Hong Kong. The hill is east of and beneath the northern peak of Tsing Yi Peak. A village, Sai Shan Village is in the valley between Sai Shan and Tsing Yi Peak. A road, Sai Shan Road between Mayfair Gardens and Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education (Tsing Yi) is named after the hill.

22°20′41″N 114°06′09″E﻿ / ﻿22.3446°N 114.1025°E﻿ / 22.3446; 114.1025

Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education
The Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education (IVE) is one of the member institutions of the Vocational Training Council (VTC) offering vocational education to post-secondary students in Hong Kong through its nine campi located across the territory.

Nine disciplines include applied science; business administration; child education and community services; construction; design, printing, textiles, and clothing; hotel, service, and tourism studies; information technology, electrical, and electronic engineering; and mechanical, manufacturing, and industrial engineering.

Graduates of IVE can either join the labour market society or choose to further their studies to obtain higher education qualifications.
Autumn Campaign
The Autumn Campaign  refers to the series of military campaigns and revolts during the autumn of 1848 in the Kingdom of Hungary, Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867), Lower Austria, Duchy of Styria, and Syrmia during the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848–1849. In the fall of 1848, the Hungarian army successfully repelled the Croatian offensive led by Lieutenant General Josip Jelačić at Pákozd. The Hungarians then attempted to support the revolution in Vienna, but they were defeated by the Austrians at Schwechat. Meanwhile, the Serbian uprising in southern Hungary continued, and Austrian troops led by Lieutenant General Anton Puchner revolted in Transylvania. With the support of the Romanian rebellion, the Austrians drove the Hungarian units out of the province. However, these battles reinforced the combat value of the Hungarian troops and the experience of the young Hungarian officers. This greatly contributed to stopping the Austrian winter offensive that began in December.

Duchy of Styria
The Duchy of Styria (German: Herzogtum Steiermark; Slovene: Vojvodina Štajerska; Latin: Ducatus Styriae) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia. It was a part of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918.
WERC-FM
WERC-FM (105.5 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Hoover, Alabama, United States, and serving Greater Birmingham. It is owned by iHeartMedia and simulcasts a talk format with WERC 960 AM. The station's studios and offices are on First Avenue South in Birmingham, off Interstate 65.

WERC-FM's transmitter is sited atop Red Mountain, off Valley Avenue in Birmingham. WERC-FM broadcasts using HD Radio technology. Its digital subchannels carry urban gospel and urban adult contemporary formats, which in turn feed two FM translators.

Interstate 65 in Alabama
Interstate 65 (I-65) meanders across 366 miles (589 km) of the Alabama countryside linking six of the state's 10 largest cities. The highway links together many important roadways that make commerce inside and outside of the state's boundaries possible. It starts at I-10 near Mobile. The route passes through or near the major cities of Montgomery, Birmingham, Decatur, Huntsville, and Athens before entering Tennessee in the north near the town of Ardmore, Alabama.

The entire Alabama portion of I-65 is dedicated as Heroes Highway in honor of Central Intelligence Agency officer Johnny Micheal Spann and all of the people who died during the September 11 attacks.
Anthony Fleet
Anthony "Tony" Fleet (born 6 September 1965) is an Australian former professional darts player who competed in British Darts Organisation (BDO), World Darts Federation (WDF) and Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events.

Darts
Darts is a competitive sport in which two or more players bare-handedly throw small sharp-pointed projectiles known as darts at a round target known as a dartboard.

Points can be scored by hitting specific marked areas of the board, though unlike in sports such as archery, these areas are distributed all across the board and do not follow a principle of points increasing toward the board's bullseye. Though a number of similar games using various boards and rules exist, the term "darts" usually now refers to a standardised game involving a specific board design and set of rules.

Darts is both a professional throwing sport and a traditional pub game.  Darts is commonly played in the British Isles, and recreationally loved around the world.
Tikti Punta
Tikti Punta (Quechua tikti wart, punta peak; ridge; first, before, in front of, "wart peak", also spelled Ticte Punta) is a 4,944-metre-high (16,220 ft) mountain in the Andes of Peru. It is located in the Huánuco Region, Dos de Mayo Province, Marías District. Tikti Punta lies southeast of Wank'a Ukru Punta and northeast of a lake named Saqsaqucha ("multi-colored lake").

Department of Huánuco
Huánuco (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈwanuko]; Quechua: Wanuku) is a department of Peru. It is bordered by the La Libertad, San Martín, Loreto and Ucayali departments in the north, Ucayali to the east, Pasco to the south and Lima and Ancash to the west. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Huánuco.

Huánuco has a rugged topography, comprising parts of the Sierra and the High Jungle (mountain rim) regions. Being equidistant from the north and the south of the country, it has the privilege of having a mild weather with an average annual temperature of 20 °C (68 °F).

This region is important for its geographical location, history, and for the richness of its land, where the presence of man goes back to ancient times. El Hombre de Lauricocha (Man of Lauricocha) is among the most distinctive examples, dating from 10,000 BC, as well as Kotosh, where vestiges of the oldest settlement in the Americas (4200 BC) took place.
Cosi Fan Tutti
Cosi Fan Tutti is a novel by Michael Dibdin published by Faber and Faber in 1996. The fifth in his Aurelio Zen series, it is set in Naples. One strand of the plot plays on the storyline of the Mozart comic opera Così fan tutte; in addition, the chapter titles are all taken from the Lorenzo Da Ponte's libretto for that opera.

Lorenzo Da Ponte
Lorenzo Da Ponte (né Emanuele Conegliano; 10 March 1749 – 17 August 1838) was an Italian, later American librettist, poet and Roman Catholic priest. He wrote the libretti for 28 operas by 11 composers, including three of Mozart's most celebrated operas: The Marriage of Figaro (1786), Don Giovanni (1787), and Così fan tutte (1790).

He was the first professor of Italian literature at Columbia University, and with Manuel Garcia, the first to introduce Italian opera to America. Aside from his relationship with Mozart, Da Ponte was also a close friend of Casanova.
Willem Adams
Willem Adams (22 February 1937 – 5 January 2022) was a Dutch painter. His work can be found in the Museum Kempenland and Van Abbemuseum in Eindhoven, the Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam in Amsterdam, the Museum Het Valkhof in Nijmegen, and the Noordbrabants Museum in 's-Hertogenbosch. Adams was born in Meerveldhoven on 22 February 1937. He died in Eindhoven on 5 January 2022, at the age of 84.

Nijmegen
Nijmegen (/ˈnaɪmeɪɡən/ NY-may-gən, Dutch: [ˈnɛimeːɣə(n)] ⓘ; Nijmeegs: Nimwèège [ˈnɪmβ̞ɛːçə]) is the largest city in the Dutch province of Gelderland and the ninth largest of the Netherlands as a whole. Located on the Waal River close to the German border, Nijmegen is one of the oldest cities in the Netherlands and the first to be recognized as such in Roman times. In 2005, it celebrated 2,000 years of existence.

Nijmegen became a free imperial city in 1230 and a Hanseatic city in 1402. Since 1923 it has been a university city with the opening of a Catholic institution now known as the Radboud University Nijmegen. The city is well known for the annual Vierdaagse — the International Four Days Marches Nijmegen event.

Its population as of 2024 was 187,011.
Popkov
Popkov (Russian: Попков) is a Russian masculine surname originating from the Russian masculine given name Pop (meaning priest), its feminine counterpart is Popkova. Notable persons with that name include:

Aleksandr Popkov (born 1994), Russian swimmer

Jurijs Popkovs (born 1961), Latvian footballer and football manager

Mikhail Popkov (born 1964), Russian serial killer and police officer

Natalya Popkova (born 1988), Russian long-distance runner

Sergei Popkov (born 1963), Russian football coach

Vera Popkova (1943–2011), Soviet sprinter

Viktor Popkov (1946–2001), Russian human rights activist and journalist

Vitaly Popkov (1922–2010), Soviet military aviator

Vitaly Popkov (cyclist) (born 1983), Ukrainian racing cyclist

Vera Popkova
Vera Ivanovna Popkova (Russian: Вера Ивановна Попкова), née Kabreniuk, (2 April 1943 – 29 September 2011) was a Soviet track and field athlete who competed in the sprints. She had personal bests of 11.3 seconds for the 100 metres and 23.0 seconds for the 200 metres. Over her career, she won eight individual national titles in the sprints (five outdoors and three indoors).

She came to prominence by winning medals in the sprints at the 1963 Summer Universiade and the 1966 European Athletics Championships. Her greatest successes came with the Soviet relay team: in 1968 she helped set two world records in the 4 × 100 m relay and won an Olympic bronze medal at the 1968 Mexico City Games. Her international career ended on a high note with two gold medals in the 400 metres and relay at the 1971 European Athletics Indoor Championships. She was also a three-time medallist at the European Cup.
Jewfish Creek Bridge
The Jewfish Creek Bridge is a beam bridge in the Florida Keys.  Spanning both Jewfish Creek and Lake Surprise, it carries the Overseas Highway (U.S. Route 1) between the Florida Keys and the Florida mainland.  The bridge is 65 feet (20 m) tall and opened in 2008, replacing a small drawbridge.

Florida Bay
Florida Bay is the bay located between the southern end of the Florida mainland (the Florida Everglades) and the Florida Keys in the United States. It is a large, shallow estuary that while connected to the Gulf of Mexico, has limited exchange of water due to shallow mudbanks dividing the bay into many basins or lakes. The banks separate the bay into basins, each with its own unique physical characteristics.
Calendic acid
Calendic acid (sometimes α-calendic acid) is an unsaturated fatty acid, named for the pot marigold (Calendula officinalis), from which it is obtained. It is chemically similar to the conjugated linoleic acids; laboratory work suggests it may have similar in vitro bioactivities.

Calendula officinalis
Calendula officinalis, Mary's gold, common marigold, the pot marigold, Scotch marigold, or ruddles, is a flowering plant in the daisy family, Asteraceae. It is probably native to southern Europe, but its long history of cultivation makes its precise origin unknown, and it is widely naturalised. The florets are edible and the plant has historically been used as medicine.

The names marigold and Mary's gold were given by the English people to honour Mary, mother of Jesus, who was said to wear "a crown of gold that circles the earth".
Selina Kuruleca
Selina Kuruleca is a Fijian psychotherapist and commentator.  She has been regularly quoted by media outlets in Fiji on a wide variety of issues, such as the controversial Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill promoted by the government of Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase (2000–2006). She expressed serious misgivings about the bill, especially with respect to its provisions for amnesty to be granted to persons convicted of offences related to the Fiji coup of 2000.

Kuruleca has been the President of the Fiji Association of Social Workers, and was a lecturer at the University of the South Pacific.

Prime Minister of Fiji
The prime minister of Fiji is the head of government of the Republic of Fiji. The prime minister is appointed under the terms of the 2013 Constitution. The prime minister is the head of the Cabinet and appoints and dismisses ministers.
Santa Fe (Sonora)
Santa Fe, also known as Jesús Paz, is a semi-deserted ejido located in the municipality of Átil in the northern part of the Mexican state of Sonora, within the Sonoran Desert. It is the fourth most populated locality in the municipality with only 2 inhabitants, according to the 2020 Census by the INEGI.

Ejido
An ejido (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈxiðo], from Latin exitum) is an area of communal land used for agriculture in which community members have usufruct rights rather than ownership rights to land, which in Mexico is held by the Mexican state.  People awarded ejidos in the modern era farm them individually in parcels and collectively maintain communal holdings with government oversight.  Although the system of ejidos was based on an understanding of the preconquest Aztec calpulli and the medieval Spanish ejido, since the 20th century ejidos have been managed and controlled by the government.

After the Mexican Revolution, ejidos were created by the Mexican state to grant lands to peasant communities as a means to stem social unrest. As Mexico prepared to enter the North American Free Trade Agreement in 1991, President Carlos Salinas de Gortari declared the end of awarding ejidos and allowed existing ejidos to be rented or sold, ending land reform in Mexico.
Vatnahverfi
Vatnahverfi (West Greenlandic: Tasikuluulik) was a district in the Norse Greenlanders’ Eastern Settlement (Eystribyggð) and is generally regarded by archaeologists and historians as having the best pastoral land in the colony. The Norse settled Vatnahverfi in the late 10th century and farmed there for nearly 500 years before mysteriously disappearing from the district and the entirety of Greenland, likely at some point in the latter 15th century. Its name is roughly translated as “Lake District."

West Greenlandic
Kalaallisut (lit. 'language of the Kalaallit'), also known as West Greenlandic (Danish: vestgrønlandsk), is the primary and official language of Greenland. It is spoken by the majority of the inhabitants of Greenland, as well as by thousands of Greenlandic Inuit in Denmark proper (in total, approximately 50,000 people). It was historically spoken in the southwestern part of Greenland, i.e. the region around Nuuk, as opposed to the related Greenlandic languages in the northwestern and eastern parts of the island.: 1–2  It has been an official language of Greenland since the 18th century, and the sole official language since 2009.
Donald Steel
Donald Maclennan Arklay Steel (born 23 August 1937) is a former golfer and is a noted golf course designer, as well as being a writer and journalist.  Educated at Fettes College and Christ's College, Cambridge, he has designed a large number of golf courses or modifications to existing courses, mostly in the United Kingdom and Ireland.  Several late 20th century and early 21st century golf course architects worked under Steel in their early careers, among them Martin Ebert, Jonathan Gaunt, Tom Mackenzie.

Steel has also written a number of books about golf. He was golf correspondent for the Sunday Telegraph from its launch in 1961 until 1989, and has written for Country Life since 1983. In 1957, he played cricket for Buckinghamshire in the Minor Counties Championship, making six appearances.

Country Life (magazine)
Country Life (stylised in all caps) is a British weekly perfect-bound glossy magazine, launched in 1897, that is published by Future plc. It was based in London at 110 Southwark Street until 2016, when moved to Farnborough, Hampshire. In 2022, the magazine moved back to London at 121–141 Westbourne Terrace, Paddington.
Controller Aircraft
Controller Aircraft (CA), originally Controller of Aircraft, is a senior (3 star) British Ministry of Defence appointment who is responsible for delivering an airworthy aircraft to the Services, whereupon the Service issues a Release to Service (RTS), releasing the aircraft into service. The difference between CA Release and RTS is normally one of Build Standard. Although usually held by a Royal Air Force officer, several civil servants have held the post in the 20th century. The incumbent is a member of the Air Force Board.

Air Force Board
The Air Force Board of the Defence Council is responsible for the management of the Royal Air Force.

Prior to the creation of the current UK Ministry of Defence in 1964, the administration of the RAF and its personnel was undertaken by the Air Force Council, part of the Air Ministry. In 1964, the Defence Council took over this role, but the day-to-day management of the three services was delegated to the three single service boards, of which the Air Force Board is one.
Particle statistics
Particle statistics is a particular description of multiple particles in statistical mechanics. A key prerequisite concept is that of a statistical ensemble (an idealization comprising the state space of possible states of a system, each labeled with a probability) that emphasizes properties of a large system as a whole at the expense of knowledge about parameters of separate particles. When an ensemble describes a system of particles with similar properties, their number is called the particle number and usually denoted by N.

Particle number
In thermodynamics, the particle number (symbol N) of a thermodynamic system is the number of constituent particles in that system. The particle number is a fundamental thermodynamic property which is conjugate to the chemical potential. Unlike most physical quantities, the particle number is a dimensionless quantity, specifically a countable quantity. It is an extensive property, as it is directly proportional to the size of the system under consideration and thus meaningful only for closed systems.

A constituent particle is one that cannot be broken into smaller pieces at the scale of energy k·T involved in the process (where k is the Boltzmann constant and T is the temperature). For example, in a thermodynamic system consisting of a piston containing water vapour, the particle number is the number of water molecules in the system. The meaning of constituent particles, and thereby of particle numbers, is thus temperature-dependent.
Memil-muk
Memil-muk (Korean: 메밀묵) or buckwheat jelly is a light gray-brown muk (jelly) made from buckwheat starch. It is commonly served as banchan (a side dish accompanying rice) as well as anju (food accompanying alcoholic drinks).

In post-war Korea, from the mid to late-20th century, memil-muk along with chapssal-tteok (glutinous rice cakes) was widely served as yasik (late-night snack) by street vendors. In modern times, it is popular as a diet food.

Along with other buckwheat dishes, it is a local specialty of Gangwon Province, especially Bongpyeong-myeon in Pyeongchang County.

Bongpyeong-myeon
Bongpyeong-myeon (Korean: 봉평면; Hanja: 蓬坪面) is a myeon (township) in the county of Pyeongchang in the province of Gangwon-do, South Korea. The myeon is located in northwestern part of the county. The total area of Bongpyeong-myeon is 217.41 square kilometers, and, as of 2008, the population was 5,545 people.

The town is the setting of the When Buckwheat Flowers Bloom (1936) short story by Lee Hyo-seok, and its buckwheat fields are considered to be a major tourist attraction.
Driulis González
Driulis González Morales (born 21 September 1973 in Guantánamo) is a Cuban judoka who has won four Olympic medals, including a gold medal in 1996. She carried the flag for her native country at the opening ceremony of the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Along with Australia's Mária Pekli and Japan's Ryoko Tamura-Tani, Driulis is the first female judoka to compete at five Olympics. The only other judokas to compete at five Olympics are Belgian Robert Van de Walle and Puerto Rican judoka-bobsledder Jorge Bonnet.

Judo at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Women's 56 kg
These are the results of the women's 56 kg (also known as lightweight) competition in judo at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia.  A total of 22 women competed in this event, limited to jūdōka whose body weight was less than, or equal to, 56 kilograms.  Competition took place on 1996-07-24 in the Georgia World Congress Center.
Homayoun Seraji
Homâyun Serâji (Persian: همایون سراجی 1947 – 16 April 2007) was an Iranian scientist, engineer, a JPL senior researcher and former professor at Sharif University of Technology who published extensively in the field of multivariable control systems, focusing on optimal control, pole placement, multivariable PID controllers, and output regulation. Also he has significant publications in the field of Robotics, and space exploration.

Control system
A control system manages, commands, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems using control loops. It can range from a single home heating controller using a thermostat controlling a domestic boiler to large industrial control systems which are used for controlling processes or machines. The control systems are designed via control engineering process.

For continuously modulated control, a feedback controller is used to automatically control a process or operation.   The control system compares the value or status of the process variable (PV) being controlled with the desired value or setpoint (SP), and applies the difference as a control signal to bring the process variable output of the plant to the same value as the setpoint.

For sequential and combinational logic, software logic, such as in a programmable logic controller, is used.
Clane
Clane (/ˈkleɪn/; Irish: Claonadh) is a town in County Kildare, Ireland. With a population of 8,152 in 2022, it is the ninth largest town in Kildare and the 66th largest in Ireland. The town is on the River Liffey. Clane gives its name to the associated townland, civil parish, electoral division and surrounding barony.

Urban areas in the Republic of Ireland
This is a list of urban areas in the Republic of Ireland by population. In 2022, the Central Statistics Office (CSO), the Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage and Tailte Éireann created of a new unit of urban geography called Built Up Areas (BUAs) which were used to produce data for urban areas in the 2022 census of Ireland.

There were 867 BUAs, representing the entire settlement area of each town and city (including suburbs and environs). The 250 largest cities, towns and villages are listed below with data from the 2022 census.
Mazie Withers
Mazie Mullins Withers (December 17, 1888 – October 14, 1921) was an American saxophonist and trombonist. She was one of the early African-American musicians to bring jazz to Europe.

Mazie Mullins was born on December 17, 1888 in Denver, Colorado. She married trombonist Frank Withers and they toured as the vaudeville duo Withers and Withers. She went on to play in the orchestras at the Howard Theatre in Washington, DC and the Lafyette Theatre in Harlem.   In 1917 she appeared in Will Marion Cook’s Jazz Land at the New Standard Theater in Philadelphia.  She toured with the New York Syncopated Orchestra in America and the Southern Syncopated Orchestra in the UK. In 1921, she was running the Tempo Club on rue Fontaine in Montmartre in Paris. Poet Philippe Soupault portrayed her as Milly in his lengthy essay on dance, Terpsichore (1928).

Mazie Withers died of appendicitis at the American Hospital of Paris on October 14, 1921.

Lafayette Theatre (Harlem)
The Lafayette Theatre (1912–1951), known locally as "the House Beautiful", was one of the most famous theaters in Harlem. It was an entertainment venue located at 132nd Street and 7th Avenue in Harlem, New York. The structure was demolished in 2013.