hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clarkia biloba
Clarkia biloba is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common name twolobe clarkia and two lobed clarkia.

Clarkia biloba is endemic to California, where it is known from the Sierra Nevada foothills; one subspecies can also be found in the San Francisco Bay Area. It grows in chaparral, oak woodlands, and yellow pine forest habitats.

As the putative progenitor species of Clarkia lingulata it is often used in examples of evolution outside the usual model of allopatric speciation. As such this plant is one of the best plant examples when considering "quantum speciation", a concept closely aligned with peripatric speciation,  parapatric speciation and sympatric speciation.

Quantum evolution
Quantum evolution is a component of George Gaylord Simpson's multi-tempoed theory of evolution proposed to explain the rapid emergence of higher taxonomic groups in the fossil record. According to Simpson, evolutionary rates differ from group to group and even among closely related lineages. These different rates of evolutionary change were designated by Simpson as bradytelic (slow tempo), horotelic (medium tempo), and tachytelic (rapid tempo).

Quantum evolution differed from these styles of change in that it involved a drastic shift in the adaptive zones of certain classes of animals. The word "quantum" therefore refers to an "all-or-none reaction", where transitional forms are particularly unstable, and thereby perish rapidly and completely. Although quantum evolution may happen at any taxonomic level, it plays a much larger role in "the origin taxonomic units of relatively high rank, such as families, orders, and classes."
History of higher education in the United States
The history of higher education in the United States begins in 1636 and continues to the present time. American higher education is known throughout the world for its dramatic expansion. It was also heavily influenced by British models in the colonial era, and German models in the 19th century. The American model includes private schools, mostly founded by religious denominations, as well as universities run by state governments, and a few military academies that are run by the national government.

Transylvania University
Transylvania University (often shortened as Transy) is a private liberal arts college in Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It was founded in 1780 and is Kentucky's oldest university. It offers 46 major programs, as well as dual-degree engineering programs, and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Its medical program has graduated 8,000 physicians since 1859.

Transylvania's name, meaning "across the woods" in Latin, stems from the institution's founding in the heavily forested region of western Virginia known as the Transylvania Colony, which existed between 1775 and 1776 in southern and western Kentucky.

It is the alma mater of two U.S. vice presidents, two U.S. Supreme Court justices, 50 U.S. senators, 101 U.S. representatives, 36 U.S. governors, and 34 U.S. ambassadors, making it a large producer of American statesmen.
2 Intelligence Company
2 Intelligence Company (abbreviated 2 Int Coy) is a Canadian Armed Forces Primary Reserve Intelligence Branch unit based in Toronto, headquartered at Denison Armoury. It is part of the 4th Canadian Division. Its activities were confidential until the 1980s.

The Intelligence Officers and Operators of the unit reside in the Greater Toronto Area, work as professionals in the business community and are also active in numerous community service organizations. They deploy on domestic and foreign operations, and are primarily responsible for tactical, or combat intelligence. Recent deployments include to Cyprus, Bosnia, Afghanistan, Kuwait, and Canada.

Intelligence officer
An intelligence officer is a member of the intelligence field employed by an organization to collect, compile or analyze information (known as intelligence) which is of use to that organization. The word of officer is a working title, not a rank, used in the same way a "police officer" can also be a sergeant, or in the military, in which non-commissioned personnel may serve as intelligence officers.

Organizations which employ intelligence officers include armed forces, police, and customs agencies.
Basic and Applied Social Psychology
Basic and Applied Social Psychology (BASP) is a bi-monthly psychology journal published by Taylor & Francis. The journal emphasizes the publication of empirical research articles but also publishes literature reviews, criticism, and methodological or theoretical statements spanning the entire range of social psychological issues.

In 2015, the journal banned p-values (and related inferential statistics such as confidence intervals) as evidence in papers accepted by the journal, replacing hypothesis testing with "strong descriptive statistics, including effect sizes" on the grounds that "the state of the art [for hypothesis testing] remains uncertain".

Statistical hypothesis test
A statistical hypothesis test is a method of statistical inference used to decide whether the data provide sufficient evidence to reject a particular hypothesis. A statistical hypothesis test typically involves a calculation of a test statistic. Then a decision is made, either by comparing the test statistic to a critical value or equivalently by evaluating a p-value computed from the test statistic. Roughly 100 specialized statistical tests are in use and noteworthy.
Huang Chiu-chin
Huang Chiu-chin (Chinese: 黃秋琴; pinyin: Huáng Qiūqín, born 17 October 1978) is a Taiwanese taekwondo practitioner.

She won a gold medal in finweight at the 1995 World Taekwondo Championships in Manila, after defeating Yang So-hee in the final.

1995 World Taekwondo Championships
The 1995 World Taekwondo Championships were the 12th edition of the World Taekwondo Championships, and were held in Manila, Philippines from November 17 to November 21, 1995, with 598 athletes participating from 77 countries.
Hisonotus hungy
Hisonotus hungy is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the arroyo of Tirica, which is part of the Paraná River basin in Misiones, Argentina. It is found in vegetated parts of Tirica (including those populated with introduced conifers as well as those with native vegetation) and reaches 4.2 cm (1.7 in) SL.

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Dolf Jansen
Dolf Jansen (born 25 June 1963 in Amsterdam) is a Dutch comedian, host of the Radio 2 programme Spijkers met Koppen and an active Marathon runner. On television Jansen hosted Loods 6 (1991), Kunstbende (1992), Jansen slaat door (TROS) (1993) and Jansen op jacht (2007).
He performed together with Hans Sibbel as the comedy team 'Lebbis en Jansen', but also performs as an individual comedian.
He also is an ambassador of Oxfam Novib.

Dolf Jansen has an Irish mother.

Radio personality
A radio personality is a person who has an on-air position in radio broadcasting. A radio personality who hosts a radio show is also known as a radio host (North American English), radio presenter (British English) or radio jockey. Radio personalities who introduce and play individual selections of recorded music are known as disc jockeys or "DJs" for short. Broadcast radio personalities may include talk radio hosts, AM/FM radio show hosts, and satellite radio program hosts, and non-host contributors to radio programs, such as reporter
The Cheetah Girls 2 (soundtrack)
The Cheetah Girls 2 is the soundtrack album to the 2006 Disney Channel Original Movie of the same name. It was released on August 15, 2006, by Walt Disney Records. The album was executive produced by Kenny Ortega, Debra Martin Chase, Raven-Symoné and Whitney Houston. It features appearances from Drew Seeley and Belinda.

The songs on the soundtrack are a diverse blend of Latin pop and R&B. The album peaked at number five on the US Billboard 200 and has been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), selling 1.4 million copies in the United States.

Walt Disney Records
Walt Disney Records is an American record label owned by the Disney Music Group. The label releases soundtrack albums from the Walt Disney Company's motion picture studios, television shows, theme parks and traditional studio albums produced by its roster of pop, teen pop and country artists.

The music label was founded in the Spring of 1956 as Disneyland Records. Before that time, Disney recordings were licensed to a variety of other labels such as RCA, Decca, Capitol, ABC-Paramount, and United Artists. It was Disney Legend Jimmy Johnson who convinced Walt Disney’s brother Roy O. Disney that Disney, at time known as Walt Disney Productions should form their own record label. It adopted its current name in 1988 and is currently distributed worldwide by Universal Music Group.
Subthalamic fasciculus
The subthalamic fasciculus is a bi-directional nerve tract that interconnects the lateral globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus as part of the indirect pathway. The pallidal efferents are GABAergic, but also contain enkephalin. Its fibers interweave perpendicularly among the fibers of the internal capsule.

Globus pallidus
The globus pallidus (GP), also known as paleostriatum or dorsal pallidum, is a major component of the subcortical basal ganglia in the brain. It consists of two adjacent segments, one external (or lateral), known in rodents simply as the globus pallidus, and one internal (or medial). It is part of the telencephalon, but retains close functional ties with the subthalamus in the diencephalon – both of which are part of the extrapyramidal motor system.

The globus pallidus receives principal inputs from the striatum, and principal direct outputs to the thalamus and the substantia nigra. The latter is made up of similar neuronal elements, has similar afferents from the striatum, similar projections to the thalamus, and has a similar synaptology. Neither receives direct cortical afferents, and both receive substantial additional inputs from the intralaminar thalamic nuclei.

Globus pallidus is Latin for "pale globe".
Barn owl
The barn owls, owls in the genus Tyto, are the most widely distributed genus of owls in the world. They are medium-sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long, strong legs with powerful talons. The term may be used to describe:

The whole family Tytonidae, though this also includes the bay owls in the genus Phodilus
Tyto, the largest genus of birds in Tytonidae, and particularly these species in that genus:
Three species that are sometimes considered to be a single species known as barn owl or common barn owl:
Western barn owl Tyto alba, from Europe, Africa, and the Middle East
American barn owl Tyto furcata, from the Americas
Eastern barn owl Tyto javanica, from southeast Asia and Australasia
Andaman masked owl Tyto deroepstorffi endemic to the southern Andaman Islands
New Caledonian barn owl Tyto letocarti, extinct, from the island of New Caledonia in Melanesia
Rivero's barn owl Tyto riveroi, extinct, from Cuba

American barn owl
The American barn owl (Tyto furcata) is usually considered a subspecies group and together with the western barn owl group, the eastern barn owl group, and sometimes the Andaman masked owl, make up the barn owl, cosmopolitan in range.  The barn owl is recognized by most taxonomic authorities. A few (including the International Ornithologists' Union) separate them into distinct species, as is done here. The American barn owl is native to North and South America, and has been introduced to Hawaii.

The ashy-faced owl (T. glaucops) was for some time included in T. alba, and by some authors its populations from the Lesser Antilles still are. Based on DNA evidence, König, Weick & Becking (2009) recognised the American barn owl (T. furcata) and the Curaçao barn owl (T. bargei) as separate species, though the latter is now considered a subspecies of the American barn owl (T. furcata bargei; see #Subspecies, below).
Numberi
Numberi is a Papuan surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Freddy Numberi (born 1947), Indonesian navy admiral and politician

Giovani Numberi (born 2000), Indonesian professional footballer

Theo Numberi (born 2001), Indonesian professional footballer

Freddy Numberi
Freddy Numberi  (born 15 October 1947) is a retired Vice Admiral in the Indonesian Navy and  politician from Yapen Waropen, Papua. He was part of the Second United Indonesia Cabinet and served as Minister of Transportation in Indonesia between 22 October 2009 and 19 October 2011. Under Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, Freddy was chosen as the Ambassador of Indonesia to Italy, Albania and Malta and was then sworn in as Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (2004-2009). He was Governor of Papua from 1998 to 2000.
Bob Gretz
Bob Gretz is an American sportswriter and broadcaster. Gretz began covering sports in his hometown of Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania for The Punxsutawney Spirit newspaper. He moved on to Johnstown, Pennsylvania, where he worked for The Tribune-Democrat and covered the Pittsburgh Steelers on a daily basis. In 1981 Gretz started covering the Kansas City Chiefs as the Kansas City Star beat writer. His writing has been honored by the Associated Press Sports Editors (APSE) and the Pro Football Writers of America (PFWA). He joined the Chiefs Radio Network broadcast team in 1990 and was the pre-game host and  sideline reporter until 2008.  He is also the Kansas City representative on the Pro Football Hall of Fame selection committee. He graduated from Point Park College. He now has his own website, bobgretz.com, that covers the Chiefs, the NFL and the NFL draft each year.

Sports journalism
Sports journalism is a form of writing that reports on sporting topics and competitions.

The appetite for sports resulted in sports-only media such as Sports Illustrated and ESPN. There are many different forms of sports journalism, ranging from play-by-play and game recaps to analysis and investigative journalism on important developments in the sport. Technology and the internet age has massively changed the sports journalism space as it is struggling with the same problems that the broader category of print journalism is struggling with, mainly not being able to cover costs due to falling subscriptions. New forms of internet blogging and tweeting in the current millennium have pushed the boundaries of sports journalism.
Running Creek (Ontario)
Running Creek is a stream in the municipality of Chatham-Kent in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. It is a left distributary of the Chenail Ecarté (The Snye), is a tributary of the North Sydenham River, and is part of the Great Lakes Basin.

The creek begins at the Chenail Ecarté (The Snye) at an elevation of 175 metres (574 ft), and flows east to its mouth at the North Sydenham River, at an elevation of 175 metres (574 ft), on the north side of the community of Wallaceburg. The North Sydenham River flows via the Sydenham River, Lake St. Clair and the Detroit River to Lake Erie.

Southwestern Ontario
Southwestern Ontario (census population 2,796,367 in 2021) is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It occupies most of the Ontario Peninsula, bounded by Lake Huron (including Georgian Bay) to the north and northwest, the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and Detroit River to the west, and Lake Erie to the south. To the east, on land, Southwestern Ontario is bounded by Central Ontario and the Golden Horseshoe. It borders the United States via Michigan.
A. J. Ofodile
Anselm Aniagboso Ofodile Jr. (born October 9, 1973) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end in the National Football League (NFL) for the Baltimore Ravens, selected 158th overall by the Buffalo Bills in the fifth round of the 1994 NFL draft. He played college football for the Missouri Tigers. He is now the head football coach of Festus High School in Festus, Missouri.

Missouri Tigers football
The Missouri Tigers football program represents the University of Missouri (often referred to as Mizzou) in college football, the Tigers are members in Southeastern Conference (SEC) of the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).
2016 Donegal Senior Football Championship
The 2016 Donegal Senior Football Championship was the 94th official edition of the Donegal GAA's premier club Gaelic football tournament for senior graded teams in County Donegal. The tournament consisted of 16 teams, with the winner going on to represent Donegal in the Ulster Senior Club Football Championship.

Naomh Conaill was defending champion after defeating St Eunan's by a scoreline of 0–11 to 0–10 in the 2015 final. However, the club relinquished its crown when losing to Cill Chartha at the semi-final stage.

This was Réalt na Mara's return to the senior grade after making the straight bounce back up from the I.F.C. since being relegated in 2014.

On 16 October 2016, Glenswilly claimed its third S.F.C. title when defeating Cill Chartha in the final in MacCumhaill Park 1-10 to 0-12.

Glenfin was relegated to the 2017 I.F.C. after losing a replay of the relegation final to Na Cealla Beaga, thus ending a 15-year stay in the top flight of Donegal football.

CLG Réalt na Mara
CLG Réalt na Mara, or, in the English language, Star of the Sea GAA, is a Gaelic football-only GAA club based in Bundoran, County Donegal, Ireland. The club fields both men's and ladies' teams at underage and, as far as, senior level.

As of 2022, Brian McEniff remained chairman of the club.

The club has a local rivalry with Aodh Ruadh, based in nearby Ballyshannon.
Raphael of Cats
Raphael of Cats can refer to any one of three artists noted for their portraits of cats:

Gottfried Mind (1768–1814), Swiss artist who specialized in drawing

Fedor Flinzer (1832–1911), German author, educator and illustrator

Sal Meijer (1877–1965), Dutch painter

Gottfried Mind
Gottfried Mind (German pronunciation: [ˈɡɔtfriːd ˈmɪnd]; 25 September 1768 – 17 November 1814) was a Swiss savant who specialized in drawing.  He was called the Raphael of Cats because of the excellence with which he painted that animal.
Delta VI oil field
The Delta VI oil field is an oil field located on the continental shelf of the Black Sea. It was discovered in 2007 and developed by Petrom. It began production in 2009 and produces oil. The total proven reserves of the Delta VI oil field are around 30 million barrels (4.1 million tonnes), and production is centered on 3,400 barrels per day (540 m3/d).

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Tom McCormick (American football)
Thomas Mike McCormick (May 16, 1930 – September 20, 2012) was an American professional football player and coach.  He played professionally as a halfback in the National Football League (NFL) for the Los Angeles Rams and San Francisco 49ers. He played college football at the University of Pacific.

McCormick was drafted by the Los Angeles Rams in the eighth round (97th overall) of the 1952 NFL draft.  He played three seasons for the Rams from 1953 to 1955.  He then played for the San Francisco 49ers in 1956.

During his four-year career he played in 32 games and gained 272 yards rushing on 86 carries. He had one career touchdown. As a kick return man he gained 10 yards on 9 punt returns and 243 yards on 11 kickoff returns for the Rams and 49ers. He recovered four fumbles during his professional career.

McCormick was as an assistant coach under Norm Van Brocklin with the Minnesota Vikings and under Vince Lombardi for the Super Bowl Champion Green Bay Packers.

1952 NFL draft
The 1952 NFL draft was held on January 17, 1952, at Hotel Statler in New York. Selections made by New York Yanks were assigned to the new Dallas Texans.

This was the sixth year that the first overall pick was a bonus pick determined by lottery, with the previous five winners (Chicago Bears in 1947, Washington Redskins in 1948, Philadelphia Eagles in 1949, Detroit Lions in 1950, and New York Giants in 1951) ineligible from the draw; it was won by the Los Angeles Rams, who selected quarterback Bill Wade.

The Washington Post sportswriter Mo Siegel later claimed that Washington Redskins owner George Preston Marshall let him choose a late-round pick. Siegel, he said, chose Tennessee Tech's Flavious Smith to force the first black player onto the all-white Redskins. If true, Marshall likely persuaded NFL Commissioner Bert Bell to remove the choice from the official records. (Smith, who did not hear the story until years later, was white.)
The Truth (1988 film)
The Truth is a 1988 Hong Kong trial film directed by Taylor Wong and starring Andy Lau and Deanie Ip. This film is a sequel to the 1985 film The Unwritten Law. It is followed by another sequel, The Truth Final Episode, which was released the following year and is the last film of the film series.

Kirk Wong
Kirk Wong (黃志強; born March 28, 1949) is a Hong Kong film director and actor. Wong is best known for action films Crime Story and The Big Hit. Wong's other films like Health Warning, Organized Crime & Triad Bureau, and Rock N'Roll Cop have gained admiration from fans of action films.
Sevatha Ponnu
Sevatha Ponnu (transl. Fair-skinned girl) is a 1994 Indian Tamil-language drama film, directed by A. Chandrakumar in his debut. The film stars Saravanan, Ahana and Vasu Vikram, while Vadivelu, S. S. Chandran, Srividya, Vennira Aadai Moorthy and Shanmugasundaram play supporting roles. It was released on 16 June 1994.

S. S. Chandran
S. S. Chandran (1940/1941 – 8 October 2010) was an Indian comedian, actor, film producer and politician from Tamil Nadu. He belonged to the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party and was a member of the parliament representing Tamil Nadu in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament.