hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stein Erik Gullikstad
Stein Erik Gullikstad (born 6 February 1952) is a Norwegian Nordic combined skier. He was born in Røros Municipality, and represented the club Røros IL. He competed at the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, where he placed 22nd.

1976 Winter Olympics
The 1976 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XII Olympic Winter Games (German: XII. Olympische Winterspiele, French: XIIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver) and commonly known as Innsbruck 1976 (Austro-Bavarian: Innschbruck 1976), were a winter multi-sport event celebrated in Innsbruck, Austria, from February 4 to 15, 1976. The games were awarded to Innsbruck after Denver, the original host city, withdrew in 1972. This was the second time the Tyrolean capital had hosted the Winter Olympics, having first done so in 1964.
2014 Jersey electoral reform referendum
A referendum on electoral reform was held in Jersey on 15 October 2014, alongside general elections. Voters were asked whether elected constables should continue to automatically become members of the States. Their continued automatic membership was approved by 62% of voters.

Connétable (Jersey and Guernsey)
Connétables or constables (Jèrriais: Connétabl'ye) are the civic heads of the twelve parishes of Jersey and ten parishes of Guernsey. The Connétable is grounded in Norman customary law. The structure, powers and responsibilities of the role differ between the islands, reflecting their different political histories.
Permanent Press (publisher)
Permanent Press is an American independent book publisher.  The press was founded by Judith and Martin Shepard in 1978 and is based in Sag Harbor, New York.  It also published through the Second Chance imprint, which releases books previously out of print.

The press first brought the work of Nobel laureate Halldor Laxness to the United States.  Its books and authors have won the American Book Award,  Hammett Prize and Small Press Book Award, and have been finalists for the National Book Award, Edgar Award and Chautauqua Prize.

Among the publisher's best known books is The Hoax, Clifford Irving's account of his fraudulent interviews with Howard Hughes.

Published authors include Mitch Cullin, Sandra Scofield, Chris Knopf, Jess Gregg, Marian Thurm, Berry Fleming, Richard Lortz Richard Lortz, William Herrick, and Joseph Stanley Pennell.

Marian Thurm
Marian Thurm (born in 1952) is an American novelist and short-story writer.  Thurm is the author of five short story collections and eight novels including The Blackmailer’s Guide to Love (Delphinium Books, 2021) and, most recently, I Don't Know How to Tell You This (Delphinium Books, 2025). Her short stories have appeared in The New Yorker, The Atlantic, Michigan Quarterly Review, Narrative Magazine, The Southampton Review, and many other magazines, and have been included in The Best American Short Stories, and numerous other anthologies. Thurm was raised in Oceanside, Long Island, and has resided in New York City for over 30 years. She is a graduate of Vassar College and has a Master of Arts in creative writing from Brown University.

Marian Thurm has taught creative writing at Yale University, Barnard College, Columbia University, the Writing Institute at Sarah Lawrence College, and in the MFA programs at Columbia University and Brooklyn College.
Johnnie Taylor
Johnnie Harrison Taylor (May 5, 1934 – May 31, 2000) was an American recording artist and songwriter who performed a wide variety of genres, from blues, rhythm and blues, soul, and gospel to pop, doo-wop, and disco. He was initially successful at Stax Records with the number-one R&B hits "Who's Making Love" (1968), "Jody's Got Your Girl and Gone" (1971) and "I Believe in You (You Believe in Me)" (1973), and reached number one on the US pop charts with "Disco Lady" in 1976.

In 2022, Taylor was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame.

Doo-wop
Doo-wop (also spelled doowop and doo wop) is a subgenre of rhythm and blues music that originated in African-American communities during the 1940s, mainly in the large cities of the United States, including New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Chicago, Baltimore, Newark, Detroit, Washington, D.C., and Los Angeles. It features vocal group harmony that carries an engaging melodic line to a simple beat with little or no instrumentation. Lyrics are simple, usually about love, sung by a lead vocal over background vocals, and often featuring, in the bridge, a melodramatically heartfelt recitative addressed to the beloved. Harmonic singing of nonsense syllables (such as "doo-wop") is a common characteristic of these songs. Gaining popularity in the 1950s, doo-wop was commercially viable until the early 1960s and continued to influence performers in other genres.
Thomas Russell (Glasgow MP)
Thomas Russell (1836 – 15 August 1911) was a Scottish businessman and politician. He was a partner in the Saracen Foundry, established by his brother-in-law Walter Macfarlane, and bought the Ascog House estate in Bute. He also built a Glasgow city house at 5 Cleveden Road, completed in 1887, and developed housing in Ascog.

Russell was Member of Parliament for Buteshire in 1880. He was also Liberal MP for Glasgow for a few months in 1885. He was returned unopposed at a by-election.

The seat was abolished at the next general election.

Isle of Bute
The Isle of Bute (Scots: Buit; Scottish Gaelic: Eilean Bhòid or An t-Eilean Bòdach), known as Bute (/bjuːt/), is an island in the Firth of Clyde in Scotland. It is divided into highland and lowland areas by the Highland Boundary Fault.

Formerly a constituent island of the larger County of Bute, it is now part of the council area of Argyll and Bute. Bute's resident population was 6,498 in 2011, a decline of just over 10% from the figure of 7,228 recorded in 2001 against a background of Scottish island populations as a whole growing by 4% to 103,702 for the same period.
Remaufens railway station
Remaufens railway station (French: Gare de Remaufens), is a railway station in the municipality of Remaufens, in the Swiss canton of Fribourg. It is an intermediate stop on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge Palézieux–Bulle–Montbovon railway line of Transports publics Fribourgeois.

Palézieux–Bulle–Montbovon railway line
The Palézieux–Bulle–Montbovon railway line is a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge railway line in the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland. It runs 43.2 kilometres (26.8 mi) from Palézieux to Montbovon. The line is owned and operated by Transports publics Fribourgeois (TPF).
Jill Avery
Jill Avery is a senior lecturer of business administration at Harvard Business School and an expert on customer relationship management.  She is also a teacher and a  designer teaching MBA courses. Avery co-authored the Harvard Business Review's tool Go To Market Tools. In the 2016–17 academic year, The Case Centre named Avery a top 40 bestselling case author.  She graduated from Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and Harvard Business School.

Avery was among the top 40 case authors consistently, since the list was first published in 2016 by The Case Centre. She ranked 14th  In 2018/19, 16th in 2017/18, 28th in 2016/17 and 37th in 2015/16.

Harvard Business Review
Harvard Business Review (HBR) is a general management magazine published by Harvard Business Publishing, a not-for-profit, independent corporation that is an affiliate of Harvard Business School. HBR is published six times a year and is headquartered in Brighton, Massachusetts.

HBR covers a wide range of topics that are relevant to various industries, management functions, and geographic locations. These include leadership, negotiation, strategy, operations, marketing, and finance. HBR has published articles by Clayton Christensen, Peter F. Drucker, Justin Fox, Michael E. Porter, Rosabeth Moss Kanter, John Hagel III, Thomas H. Davenport, Gary Hamel, C. K. Prahalad, Vijay Govindarajan, Robert S. Kaplan, Rita Gunther McGrath and others. Several management concepts and business terms were first given prominence in HBR.

HBR's worldwide English-language circulation is 250,000. HBR licenses its content for publication in nine international editions.
Ron Mason
Ronald Herbert Mason (January 14, 1940 – June 13, 2016) was a Canadian ice hockey player, head coach, and university executive. A head coach of various American universities, most notably Michigan State University (MSU), he was the most successful coach in NCAA ice hockey history between 1993 and 2012 with 924 wins, until Jerry York (Boston College) became the new winningest coach with his 925th career win on December 29, 2012. Mason was athletic director at MSU from 2002 to 2008. He then served as senior advisor for the USHL Muskegon Lumberjacks. On December 2, 2013, Mason was inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame.

NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament
The annual NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament is a college ice hockey tournament held in the United States by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) to determine the top men's team in Division I. Like other Division I championships, it is the highest level of NCAA men's hockey competition. This tournament is somewhat unique among NCAA sports as many schools which otherwise compete in Division II or Division III compete in Division I for hockey.

Since 1999, the semifinals and championship game of the tournament have been branded as the "Frozen Four", a reference to the NCAA's long-time branding of its basketball semi-finals as the "Final Four".
Maharani Bagh
Maharani Bagh is a residential area in South East Delhi, comprising several blocks and multiple markets. It is one of the most posh and upscale neighbourhoods of Delhi and is home to some of the most influential families from government and business. Maharani Bagh is a sought after, gated residential area within New Friends Colony and consists of residential parks surrounded by large bungalows. Some of its notable residents include BJP leader Meneka Gandhi and, spokesperson and businessman, Suhel Seth.

Suhel Seth
Suhel Seth (born 28 May 1963) is an Indian businessman and columnist who is the founder and managing partner of the consultancy firm Counselage India. Seth is also a columnist, actor, keynote speaker, and a TV Pundit.

He currently serves as the chairman, Marketing Committees of Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI). He is also on the Experts Committee of Indian Railway Board.
Papilio maackii
Papilio maackii, the alpine black swallowtail is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is found in Central Asia, Russia, Japan, China and South Korea.

The larvae feed on Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, Euodia meliaefolia, Orixa japonica and Phellodendron amurense.

Phellodendron amurense
Phellodendron amurense is a species of tree in the family Rutaceae, commonly called the Amur cork tree. It is a major source of huáng bò (Chinese: 黄柏 or 黄檗), one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine. The Ainu people used its fruit, called "shikerebe-ni" (in Ainu, sikerpe), as a painkiller. It is known as hwangbyeok in Korean and (キハダ) kihada in Japanese.

It is native to eastern Asia: northern China, northeast China, Korea, Ussuri, Amur, and Japan, the Amur cork tree is considered invasive in many parts of North America. The State of Massachusetts lists it as a noxious weed.
Gehrig (surname)
Gehrig is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adelaide Gehrig (1887–1944), American fencer

Eleanor Gehrig (1904–1984), American philanthropist

Eric Gehrig (born 1987), American soccer player

Fraser Gehrig (born 1976), Australian rules footballer

Hans Gehrig (1929–1989), Canadian bobsledder

Kim Gehrig, Australian director

Klaus Gehrig (born 1948), German businessman

Lou Gehrig (1903–1941), American baseball player

Phil Gehrig (1935–1993), Australian rules footballer

Phil Gehrig
Phil Gehrig (25 January 1935 – 15 July 1993) was  a former Australian rules footballer who played with Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Coached Ganmain Football Club in the South West Football League (New South Wales) from 1968 to 1970.
Louis de Gonzague Belley
Louis de Gonzague Belley, PC, KC (February 3, 1863 – July 9, 1930) was a Canadian politician.

Born in St-Alexis de la Grande Baie, Canada East, he was a lawyer before being acclaimed at the age of 29 to the House of Commons of Canada for the Quebec riding of Chicoutimi—Saguenay in an 1892 by-election. A Conservative, he was defeated in the 1896 election. In September 1921, he was appointed Postmaster General in the cabinet of Arthur Meighen. He was defeated in the 1921 federal election.

He died at his home in Quebec City on July 9, 1930.

King's Privy Council for Canada
The King's Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privé du Roi pour le Canada), sometimes called His Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or simply the Privy Council (PC), is the full group of personal advisors to the monarch of Canada on state and constitutional affairs. Practically, the tenets of responsible government require the sovereign or his viceroy, the governor general, almost always to follow only that advice tendered by the Cabinet: a committee within the Privy Council composed usually of elected members of Parliament. Those summoned to the Privy Council are appointed for life by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister. The group is composed predominantly of former Cabinet ministers, with some others having been inducted as an honorary gesture. Privy counsellors are accorded the use of an honorific style and post-nominal letters, as well as various signifiers of precedence.
McWhirter House
McWhirter House is a historic home located at Jonesville, Union County, South Carolina.  It was built in 1909, and is a two-story, frame Classical Revival style dwelling. It features a full-height porch supported by classical columns, that is symmetrically balanced with side porches accented with classical detailing.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Union County, South Carolina
Union County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,244. Its county seat is Union. The county was created in 1785.

Union County is included in the Spartanburg, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also part of the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC Combined Statistical Area.
Tirathaba psolopasta
Tirathaba psolopasta is a species of moth of the family Pyralidae. It was described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1913. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.

The wingspan is about 36 mm. The forewings are ochreous whitish, suffused with pale ochreous-grey, and sparsely irrorated (sprinkled)with dark fuscous. The hindwings are ochreous whitish.

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
Steve Morley
Steven Joseph Morley (born August 18, 1981) is a former offensive lineman for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League. He was drafted with the first overall pick in the 2003 CFL draft by the Calgary Stampeders. He played CIS Football at Saint Mary's.

Morley has also been a member of the Green Bay Packers, Rhein Fire, New York Jets, Seattle Seahawks, Toronto Argonauts, Saskatchewan Roughriders, and Winnipeg Blue Bombers.

Morley acted in the background in the movie remake of Ice Castles. The director, Donald Wrye, filmed a remake of the movie in 2009, which starred Taylor Firth and was released in 2010.

2003 CFL draft
The 2003 CFL draft took place on Wednesday, April 30, 2003. 53 players were chosen for Canadian Football League teams from among the eligible CIS football players from Canadian universities, as well as Canadian players playing in the NCAA. Of the 53 draft selections, 32 players were drafted from Canadian Interuniversity Sport institutions.

Notably, the Calgary Stampeders had the first and second overall picks in the draft, which was only the third time in CFL Draft history that a team had the first two selections in a draft. The Toronto Argonauts were the first to accomplish this via trade in the 1982 CFL draft and the Ottawa Renegades had done this the year before as they were awarded the first and second overall selections as an expansion team in the 2002 CFL draft.
Riverside, Whangārei
Riverside (Māori: Ōruku) is a suburb of Whangārei, in Northland Region, New Zealand. It is east of the city centre, across the Hātea River.

Pohe Island is a 54 square kilometre open space which is adjacent to the mouth of the Hātea River and Whangārei Harbour. 
it contains William Fraser Memorial Park. William Mackenzie Fraser, for whom the park is named, was an engineer for Whangarei County from 1907 to 1918, held various positions with the Whangarei Harbour Board from 1920 until 1947, and was a County Council member from 1947 until his death in 1960.

Whangārei Harbour
Whangārei Harbour is a large harbour on the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand.

The harbour stretches from Whangārei City, and the termination of the Hātea River, south east around the Onerahi peninsula and out to the Pacific Ocean at Whangārei Heads.

Its Māori-language name (given by the Ngāti Wai iwi (tribe)) is Whangārei-te-rerenga-parāoa, meaning "the place where whales gather". Another traditional name for this area is Whangarei-o-te-tohorā – "waiting for the breastbone of whales".
Breathless (Kenny G album)
Breathless is the sixth studio album by American saxophonist Kenny G, released on November 17, 1992, on Arista Records. It reached number 1 on the Contemporary Jazz Albums chart and number 2 on the Billboard 200 and R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts. The track "Forever in Love" won a Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition at the 1994 ceremony and reached number 18 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Despite mixed reviews from critics, the album was still certified Diamond with shipments of 12 million copies in the US, making it one of the best-selling albums in the United States, and the best-selling instrumental album in history.

Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition
The Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition (including its previous names) has been awarded since 1960. The award is presented to the composer of an original piece of music (not an adaptation), first released during the eligibility year. In theory, any style of music is eligible for this category, but winning compositions are usually in the jazz or film score genres.
Meurette
Meurette (French pronunciation: [mœʁɛt]) is:

a red wine sauce cooked with bacon, onions, shallots, mushrooms and various spices. This sauce used in oeufs en meurette and many other preparations in French cuisine.

a regional term for the fish stew with the generic name matelote.

Bacon
Bacon is a type of salt-cured pork made from various cuts, typically the belly or less fatty parts of the back. It is eaten as a side dish (particularly in breakfasts), used as a central ingredient (e.g., the BLT sandwich), or as a flavouring or accent.

Bacon is also used for barding and larding roasts, especially game, including venison and pheasant, and may also be used to insulate or flavour roast joints by being layered onto the meat. The word is derived from the Proto-Germanic *bakkon, meaning 'back meat'.

Meat from other animals, such as beef, lamb, chicken, goat, or turkey, may also be cut, cured, or otherwise prepared to resemble bacon, and may even be referred to as, for example, "turkey bacon". Such use is common in areas with significant Jewish and Muslim populations as both religions prohibit the consumption of pork. Vegetarian bacons such as "soy bacon" also exist.
East Room
The East Room is an event and reception room in the Executive Residence of the White House complex, the home of the president of the United States. The East Room is the largest room in the Executive Residence; it is used for dances, receptions, press conferences, ceremonies, concerts, and banquets. The East Room was one of the last rooms to be finished and decorated, and it has undergone substantial redecoration over the past two centuries. Since 1964, the Committee for the Preservation of the White House has, by executive order, advised the president of the United States and first lady on the decor, preservation, and conservation of the East Room and other public rooms at the White House.

William Wallace Lincoln
William Wallace "Willie" Lincoln (December 21, 1850 – February 20, 1862) was the third son of U.S. President Abraham and Mary Todd Lincoln. Willie was named after Mary's brother-in-law, Dr. William Smith Wallace. He died of typhoid fever at the White House, during his father's presidency, age 11.
Henry Goldsmith
Henry Mills Goldsmith (22 July 1885 – 9 May 1915) was a British rower who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. He was killed in action during the First World War.

Goldsmith was born at Plympton, Devon, and was educated at Jesus College, Cambridge. He rowed for Cambridge in the Boat Race in 1906 and 1907. Although he did not row in the Boat Race in 1908, he was a member of the Cambridge crew, which made up a boat in the eights and won the bronze medal for Great Britain rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics.

Goldsmith served in the First World War as a lieutenant with the Devonshire Regiment He was killed in action, aged 29, at Fromelles during the Second Battle of Ypres. His remains were not recovered and his name is inscribed on the Ploegsteert Memorial nearby.

Rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics
At the 1908 Summer Olympics, four rowing events were contested, all for men only. Races were held at Henley-on-Thames. The competitions were held from 28 to 31 July. There was one fewer event in 1908 than 1904, after the double sculls was dropped from the programme. Hungary and Norway competed in rowing for the first time, along with six other nations.
Tietze
Tietze is a German surname, sometimes also spelled Tieze.

Tietze (surname)

Also:

Named for German mathematician Heinrich Tietze:
Tietze extension theorem
Tietze's graph
Tietze transformation in mathematics, named after Heinrich Tietze

Tietze syndrome in medicine, named after Alexander Tietze

Tietze transformations
In group theory, Tietze transformations are used to transform a given presentation of a group into another, often simpler presentation of the same group.  These transformations are named after Heinrich Tietze who introduced them in a paper in 1908.

A presentation is in terms of generators and relations; formally speaking the presentation is a pair of a set of named generators, and a set of words in the free group on the generators that are taken to be the relations. Tietze transformations are built up of elementary steps, each of which individually rather evidently takes the presentation to a presentation of an isomorphic group. These elementary steps may operate on generators or relations, and are of four kinds.