hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pimento dram
Pimento dram (or allspice dram, pimento cordial, or allspice liqueur) is a Jamaican liqueur produced by steeping allspice ("pimento") berries in rum.

The 2021 The Oxford Companion to Spirits and Cocktails states that pimento dram has been an article of commerce since the 1850s, and has a flavor "reminiscient of cloves, cinnamon, and nutmeg." There are several entries for pimento dram being presented at the International Exhibition of 1862 by the Royal Society of Arts, Jamaica.

1862 International Exhibition
The International Exhibition of 1862, officially the London International Exhibition of Industry and Art, also known as the Great London Exposition, was a world's fair held from 1 May to 1 November 1862 in South Kensington, London, England. The site now houses museums including the Natural History Museum and the Science Museum.
Fraudulent Mediums Act 1951
The Fraudulent Mediums Act 1951 (14 & 15 Geo. 6. c. 33) was a law an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which prohibited a person in England and Wales from claiming to be a psychic, medium, or other spiritualist while attempting to deceive and to make money from the deception (other than solely for the purpose of entertainment). It repealed the Witchcraft Act 1735 (9 Geo. 2. c. 5), and it was in turn repealed on 26 May 2008 by Schedule 4 of the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008 implementing the EU Unfair Commercial Practices Directive 2005 which targeted unfair sales and marketing practices. It also changed section four of the Vagrancy Act 1824 (5 Geo. 4. c. 83) to ensure that it is still enforced with the acts.

There were five prosecutions under the act between 1980 and 1995, all resulting in conviction.

Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008
The Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008 (SI 2008/1277) is a statutory instrument in the United Kingdom made under the European Communities Act 1972. It came into force on 26 May 2008. It is effectively the successor to the Trade Descriptions Act 1968 (c. 29), which it largely repeals. It was designed to implement the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive, as part of a common set of European minimum standards for consumer protection.
September 1951 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Saturday, September 15, 1951, with an umbral magnitude of −0.1927. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 3.6 days after perigee (on September 11, 1951, at 21:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

This eclipse was the last of four penumbral lunar eclipses in 1951, with the others occurring on February 21, March 23, and August 17.

Lunar eclipse
A lunar eclipse, also called a blood moon, is an astronomical event that occurs when the Moon orbits through Earth's shadow.‍‍ Lunar eclipses occur during eclipse season, when the Moon's orbital plane is approximately in line with Earth and the Sun. The type and length of a lunar eclipse depend on the Moon's proximity to the lunar node.‍‍ In contrast with illusive and short-lasting solar eclipses, lunar eclipses can be observed from anywhere on the night side of Earth and often last for an hour or longer. Lunar eclipses are safe to observe without eye protection.

Lunar eclipses are notable for causing the Moon to appear orange or red. This occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's umbra, necessitating any sunlight that reaches the Moon to first pass through the Earth's atmosphere. The resulting Rayleigh scattering removes high-wavelength colors such as violet and blue from the incoming light before it reflects off the lunar surface and is observed on Earth.
Mary Beck
Mary Virginia Beck (Ukrainian: Євгенія Михайлівна Бек, Rusyn: Євґенія Бек, 29 February 1908 - 30 January 2005) was a Detroit Democratic Party politician, female activist and journalist from Pennsylvania, Detroit’s first female city council member.  She was also the first Ukrainian-American of Lemko descent to serve in that capacity. In 1957 she was also elected as the president of the city council. As a member of the council, Mary served for two decades from 1950 to 1970. In 1958-62 she also served as an acting mayor of Detroit city. During that periodthe then-Mayor of Detroit (1957–1962), Louis Miriani , who was later involved in legal controversies.

Ukrainian National Women's League of America
Ukrainian National Women's League of America (UNWLA) is a Ukrainian-American charitable organization based in New York, established in 1925. It conducts initiatives related to social welfare, culture, and education in support of Ukrainian people both in Ukraine and within Ukrainian diaspora.

The UNWLA operates independently as a charitable and cultural organization. It has been granted 501(c)(3) tax-exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service. Since February 2022, the UNWLA has directed its efforts toward humanitarian assistance and advocacy in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. According to a report by the  Diaspora Emergency Action & Coordination (DEMAC) the organization raised approximately $750,000 for humanitarian purposes within a one-month period.
Bill Griffin (musician)
Bill Griffin is widely known as a musician in both bluegrass and Hawaiian music genres. A luthier and veteran mandolinist, he is also the inventor of the "mandolele", which is a nylon-stringed mandolin that he first crafted in 1986. Born in Glendale, California, Griffin's first exposure to music came through his father, a pianist in a Dixieland jazz band. Griffin began playing ukulele at age five, guitar soon thereafter, and mandolin at age nineteen. He also plays piano and bass.

Music of Hawaii
The music of Hawaii includes an array of traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop. Styles like slack-key guitar are well known worldwide, while Hawaiian-tinged music is a frequent part of Hollywood soundtracks. Hawaii also made a contribution to country music with the introduction of the steel guitar. In addition, the music which began to be played by Puerto Ricans in Hawaii in the early 1900s is called cachi cachi music, on the islands of Hawaii.

The traditional music of Hawaii's Native Hawaiian community is largely religious in nature, and includes chanting and dance music. Hawaiian music has had a notable impact on the music of other Polynesian islands; Peter Manuel called the influence of Hawaiian music a "unifying factor in the development of modern Pacific musics".
Bari Palese Macchie railway station
Bari Palese Macchie (Italian: Stazione di Bari Palese Macchie) is a railway station in the Italian town of Macchie, in the Province of Bari, Apulia. The station lies on the Adriatic Railway (Ancona–Lecce). The train services are operated by Trenitalia.

Adriatic railway
The Adriatic railway (Italian: Ferrovia Adriatica) is the railway from Ancona to Lecce that runs along the Adriatic Coast of Italy, following it almost all of the way. It is one of the main lines of the Italian rail system and links the northern cities with the most important productive areas of central and southern Italy.

The railway was built by the Società per le Strade Ferrate Meridionali (Italian: Company for the Southern Railways, SFM), between 1863 and 1872. In 1906, management of the line was taken over by Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane. In 1933, the southernmost Lecce-Otranto segment of the line was turned over to the Ferrovie del Sud Est, which has maintained it to the present day.
Jinraku-ji
Jinraku-ji (秦楽寺) is a Buddhist temple in the town of Tawaramoto, Nara Prefecture, Japan. It is located in Tawaramoto near Kasanui Station. It was commissioned by Prince Shotoku in the 5th century and built by Hata no Kawakatsu. The Great Hall contains a Bodhisattva while outside there is also a Shinto shrine with a torii and a pond in the shape of a Chinese character.

Hata no Kawakatsu
Hata no Kawakatsu (秦河勝, alternatively read as Hada no Kōkatsu), or Hata no Miyatsuko no Kawakatsu (秦造河勝), was a semi-legendary statesman active during the Asuka period in Japan. He is recorded as serving under Empress Suiko and Empress Kōgyoku in the Nihon Shoki, and appears as a noteworthy figure in narratives surrounding Prince Shōtoku.

Later legends present Kawakatsu as the reincarnation of Emperor Qin Shi Huang, in addition to being the ancestor of the Hata clan and the founder of sarugaku. He is also credited with the construction of Kōryū-ji in Kyoto, and is enshrined as the deity Ōsake Daimyōjin (大避大明神) at the Ōsake Shrine in Akō.
Tewolde Berhan Gebre Egziabher
Tewolde Berhan Gebre Egziabher (Tigrinya: ተወልደ ብርሃን ገብረእግዚአብሔር; 19 February 1940 – 20 March 2023) was an Ethiopian scientist who won the Right Livelihood Award in 2000 "for his exemplary work to safeguard biodiversity and the traditional rights of farmers and communities to their genetic resources."

Genetic resources
Genetic resources are genetic material of actual or potential value, where genetic material means any material of plant, animal, microbial or other origin containing functional units of heredity.
Genetic resources is one of the three levels of biodiversity defined by the Convention on Biological Diversity in Rio, 1992.
The Bizarre Stories of Professor Zarbi
The Bizarre Stories of Professor Zarbi (original French-language title: Les Histoires bizarres du professeur Zarbi) is a Canadian adult animated supernatural comedy television series. It premiered in French on Télétoon's Télétoon la nuit block on September 5, 2019. An English version of the series debuted on January 15, 2021 on Adult Swim in Canada.

Created by Michel Beaudet and Salambo Productions, the series follows an eccentric professor and his sidekick neighbour as they confront paranormal activities across Quebec. Each episode is designed around tropes common to horror fiction, many times offering direct homages to specific films.

Adult animation
Adult animation is animation in the form of films and television series that is catered specifically to general interests and is mainly targeted and marketed towards teenagers, young adults, and mature audiences as opposed to children or all-ages audiences.
Jeff Mathews
Jeffrey Kyle Mathews (born August 25, 1991) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback for four seasons in the  Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football for the Cornell Big Red, ranking among the top 20 quarterbacks in passing yardage in Division I FCS history. He surpassed the Cornell record for total passing yards by more than 2,000 yards and ended his collegiate career as the holder of 47 Cornell and 18 Ivy League conference records. After going undrafted in the 2014 NFL draft, Mathews spent the summer with the Atlanta Falcons, and was a practice squad member of the Indianapolis Colts and the Arizona Cardinals. He moved north to the CFL, playing two seasons with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats and a season each with the Toronto Argonauts and the Montreal Alouettes.

Cornell Big Red football
The Cornell Big Red football team represents Cornell University in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) college football competition as a member of the Ivy League. It is one of the oldest and most storied football programs in the nation. The team has attained five national championships and has had seven players inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame.
CERH Cup Winners' Cup
The CERH Cup Winners' Cup was a European club roller hockey competition organised annually by the Comité Européen de Rink-Hockey for domestic cup winners in each country. Created in 1976, it was merged with the European Cup in 1996 to form the CERH Champions League, which was renamed the CERH European League in 2005. HC Liceo were the competition's last winners.

The most successful teams in the competition were Sporting CP (from Portugal), AD Oeiras (also from Portugal) and Roller Monza (from Italy), with three wins apiece.

World Skate Europe Rink Hockey
The World Skate Europe Rink Hockey, formerly known as Comité Européen de Rink-Hockey, is a technical committee within World Skate Europe responsible for the governing of rink hockey (or roller hockey) in Europe.
Regular Joe (album)
Regular Joe is the second studio album by American country music artist Joe Diffie. Released in 1992, it features the singles "Is It Cold in Here", "Ships That Don't Come In", "Next Thing Smokin'", and "Startin' Over Blues". All of these except for "Startin' Over Blues" reached Top 20 on the Hot Country Songs charts. Of the album's ten tracks, Diffie co-wrote four of them, including its most successful single: "Is It Cold in Here". The album itself has been certified gold by the RIAA. The track "Goodnight Sweetheart" was recorded by David Kersh on his 1996 debut album.

David Kersh
Charles David Kersh (born December 9, 1970, in Humble, Texas) is an American country music singer who made his debut in 1996. His first album, Goodnight Sweetheart, was released that year, producing four singles on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts. A second album, titled If I Never Stop Loving You, was released a year later, producing three additional chart singles. Kersh retired from the music business in 2005.
Teresa Madruga
Teresa Madruga (born 18 March 1953) is a Portuguese actress. She has appeared in 71 films and television shows since 1977. She starred in the 1983 film In the White City, which was entered into the 33rd Berlin International Film Festival.

33rd Berlin International Film Festival
The 33rd annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 18 February to 1 March 1983. The festival opened with the out of competition film Tootsie, by Sydney Pollack.

The Golden Bear was jointly awarded to Ascendancy, directed by Edward Bennett, and La colmena, directed by Mario Camus.

The retrospective titled Exile. Six Actors from Germany was dedicated to German or Austrian actors Wolfgang Zilzer, Curt Bois, Dolly Haas, Francis Lederer, Elisabeth Bergner and Hertha Thiele, who were forced to leave Germany after the 1930s rise of the Nazi regime.
From Darwin to Hitler
From Darwin to Hitler: Evolutionary Ethics, Eugenics, and Racism in Germany is a 2004 book by Richard Weikart, a historian at California State University, Stanislaus, and a senior fellow for the Center for Science and Culture of the creationist Discovery Institute. The work is controversial. Graeme Gooday, John M. Lynch, Kenneth G. Wilson, and Constance K. Barsky wrote that "numerous reviews have accused Weikart of selectively viewing his rich primary material, ignoring political, social, psychological, and economic factors" that helped shape Nazi eugenics and racism.

Discovery Institute
The Discovery Institute (DI) is a politically conservative think tank that advocates the pseudoscientific concept of intelligent design (ID). It was founded in 1991 in Seattle as a non-profit offshoot of the Hudson Institute.
It has been denounced as a "propaganda mill" by various prominent critics.

Its "Teach the Controversy" campaign aims to permit the teaching of anti-evolution, intelligent-design arguments in United States public high school science courses in place of accepted scientific theories, positing that a scientific controversy exists over whether evolution is a reality, when in fact there is none.
Nea Erythraia
Nea Erythraia (Greek: Νέα Ερυθραία) is a town and a suburb in the northeastern part of the Athens agglomeration, Greece. It was settled by Greek refugees from Erythraia (now Cesme, Turkey) after the 1923 Population Exchange. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Kifissia, of which it is a municipal unit.

Erythrae
Erythrae or Erythrai (Greek: Ἐρυθραί) later Lythri (Λυθρί, Turkish: Ildırı) was one of the twelve Ionian cities of Asia Minor, situated 22 km north-east of the port of Cyssus (modern name: Çeşme), on a small peninsula stretching into the Bay of Erythrae, at an equal distance from the mountains Mimas and Corycus, and directly opposite the island of Chios. It is recorded that excellent wine was produced in the peninsula. Erythrae was notable for being the seat of the Erythraean Sibyl. The ruins of the city are found north of the town Ildırı in the Çeşme district of İzmir Province, Turkey.
Papyrus 111
Papyrus 111 is a copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Gospel of Luke, containing verses 17:11-13 & 17:22-23 in a fragmentary condition. It is designated by the siglum 𝔓111 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been assigned by the INTF to the 3rd century CE. Papyrologist Philip Comfort dates the manuscript to the first half of the 3rd century CE. The manuscript is currently housed at the Sackler Library (Papyrology Rooms, P. Oxy. 4495) at Oxford.

Scribal abbreviation
Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse.

In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) sigla are the symbols used to indicate the source manuscript (e.g. variations in text between different such manuscripts).
2021 Internazionali di Tennis Città di Trieste
The 2021 Internazionali di Tennis Città di Trieste was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 2nd edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Trieste, Italy between 26 July and 1 August 2021.

Orlando Luz
Orlando Moraes Luz (born 8 February 1998) is a Brazilian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 43 achieved on 16 February 2026 and a best singles ranking of No. 272 reached on 16 August 2021.

Luz has won three ATP Tour titles in doubles, all of them with compatriot Rafael Matos.
Arabic language in the United States
The Arabic language is a minority language in the United States. In the 2020 American Community Survey, 1.39 million people reported speaking the language at home. This makes Arabic the sixth most spoken language in the United States as of 2020. Arabic-speaking people in the United States include people of many backgrounds, such as Lebanese, Syrian, Egyptian, Moroccan, Iraqi, Palestinian, Algerian, and so on.

As a second language, Arabic (across all varieties of Arabic) saw declining enrollment among colleges and universities between 2016 and 2021. Since the September 11 attacks, Arabic has faced significant discrimination and stereotyping within the United States.

Algerians
Algerians (Arabic: الجزائريون, romanized: al-Jazāʾiriyyūn, pronounced [al‿dʒaˈzaːʔirijˌjuːn]) are the citizens and nationals of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. The majority of the country's population is composed of Arabs who make up 85% of the population, and there is a Berber minority of 15%. The term also applies more broadly to any people who are of Algerian nationality, sharing a common culture and identity, as well as those who natively speak Algerian Arabic or other languages of Algeria.

In addition to the approximately 46 million residents of Algeria, there is a large Algerian diaspora as part of the wider Arab diaspora. Considerable Algerian populations can be found in France, Belgium, Spain, Italy, and the United Kingdom; with smaller notable concentrations in other Arab states as well as non-Arab countries such as the United States, and Canada.
Giant penguin hoax
The giant penguin is a creature allegedly seen in Florida during the 1940s and is at least partly documented as a hoax. This legend has no scientific merit, despite there having been giant penguins that became extinct millions of years ago.

Suwannee River
The Suwannee River (also spelled Suwanee River or Swanee River) is a river that runs through south Georgia southward into Florida in the Southern United States. It is a wild blackwater river, about 246 miles (396 km) long. The Suwannee River is the site of the prehistoric Suwanee Straits that separated the Florida peninsula from the Florida panhandle and the rest of the continent. Spelled as "Swanee", it is the namesake of two famous songs: Stephen Foster's "Swanee River" (1851) and George Gershwin and Irving Caesar's "Swanee" (1919).
Bamazomus weipa
Bamazomus weipa is a species of schizomid arachnid (commonly known as a short-tailed whip-scorpion) in the Hubbardiidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1992 by Australian arachnologist Mark Harvey. The specific epithet weipa refers to the type locality.

Arachnology
Arachnology (from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study") is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, harvestmen, ticks, and mites. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of spiders alone (order Araneae) is known as araneology.

The word "arachnology" from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study". The Ancient Greek word for "spider" itself refers to Arachne, the female protagonist of an ancient tale of the Greek Mythology.
William White (composer)
William White (1571  –  c. 1634?) was a composer of classical music of the Tudor period, who worked in England.

According to Ernst Hermann Meyer, "White is chiefly known from three fantasias a 5, and seven a 6; chiefly in Oxford, Christ Church MS. 2. Little is known of his career." His consort music appears in Reverend Thomas Myriell's score compilations, though not in the more famous Tregian's.

In certain fantasias of White (singled out by Meyer), as with some by Thomas Lupo the elder and Alfonso Ferrabosco the younger, soloistic elements - the juxtaposition of sections where the parts are treated equally, with sections where one instrument has a part of more virtuosic or melodic interest than the others - anticipate the concerto grosso to come.

Concerto grosso
The concerto grosso (pronounced [konˈtʃɛrto ˈɡrɔsso]; Italian for big concert(o), plural concerti grossi [konˈtʃɛrti ˈɡrɔssi]) is a form of baroque music in which the musical material is passed between a small group of soloists (the concertino) and full orchestra (the ripieno, tutti or concerto grosso). This is in contrast to the solo concerto which features a single solo instrument with the melody line, accompanied by the orchestra.
2014 Racquetball World Championships
The International Racquetball Federation's 17th Racquetball World Championships were held in Burlington, Ontario, Canada from June 14 to 21, 2014. This was the second time Worlds were in Canada. Previously, they were in Montreal in 1992.

American Rocky Carson and Mexican Paola Longoria were the incumbent champions in men's and women's singles, respectively, and both successfully defended their titles.

Longoria was also the incumbent champion in women's doubles with Samantha Salas and they also successfully defended their title. Fellow Mexicans Álvaro Beltrán and Javier Moreno were the defending champions in men's doubles, but Mexico didn't make the podium in Burlington.

Instead, Colombians Sebastian Franco and Alejandro Herrera defeated Canadians Mike Green and Vincent Gagnon in the final, which was the first men's doubles World Championship not won by either the USA or Mexico.

Vincent Gagnon
Vincent Gagnon (born September 5, 1981) is a Canadian retired racquetball player from Montreal. Gagnon won five Canadian Championships: four doubles titles and one singles. He also competed for Canada 19 times, winning multiple medals highlighted by gold at the 2007 Pan American Championships in Men's Doubles with François Viens.