hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Father Dámaso
Padre Dámaso Verdolagas is a fictional character in the novel Noli Me Tángere. The novel was written by José Rizal, one of the leaders of the Propaganda Movement in the Philippines. Noli Me Tángere (Touch Me Not or "Social Cancer") is a controversial  and anticlerical novel that exposed the abuses committed by the Spanish friars (belonging to the Roman Catholic Church) and the Spanish elite in colonial Philippines during the 19th century.

The novel, according to the author, represented the state of Philippine society under Spanish colonial rule. It was intended as a liberal-nationalist wake-up call for the people of the Philippines. While the natives (indios) were trained to become secular clergy, Spanish priests in the powerful religious orders were given preferential treatment in the assignment to parishes.

Controversy
Controversy (UK: /kənˈtrɒvəsi/, US: /ˈkɒntrəvɜːrsi/) is a state of prolonged public dispute or debate, usually concerning a matter of conflicting opinion or point of view. The word was coined from the Latin controversia, as a composite of controversus – "turned in an opposite direction", and also means an exercise in rhetoric practiced in Rome.
Carleton-York
Carleton-York is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada. It was contested for the first time in the 2014 general election. It was created in the 2013 redistribution of electoral boundaries.

The district draws its population from the northwestern parts of York County and southern parts of Carleton County, the boundaries commission proposed it be named "York" which might have been confused with its immediate predecessor of the same name which was based in southwestern York County. The two districts share only about 12% of population in common.  Accordingly, a committee of the legislative assembly changed the name to Carleton-York before the district could be contested.

The new district includes all of Carleton County south of the town of Woodstock, and northwestern parts of York County including Nackawic-Millville, Lakeland Ridges and Harvey.

2013 New Brunswick electoral redistribution
The 2013 New Brunswick electoral redistribution was undertaken through the process set out in the Electoral Boundaries and Representation Act of New Brunswick, Canada. The legislation establishes a statutory requirement for redistribution of electoral districts after every second New Brunswick general election.

A commission was struck to draw 49 electoral districts, a decrease from 55 districts, which will first be used in the 2014 provincial election. The 49 boundaries will have to be within the range of 95% to 105% of the 1/49th of the number of registered voters in the province except in "extraordinary circumstances".

Under the legislation, the commission will be chaired by one anglophone and one francophone and consist of 3 to 5 other commissioners, all of whom must be New Brunswick residents.
MEDICC
MEDICC (Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba) is a non-profit organization founded in 1997 that works to enhance cooperation among the US, Cuban and global health communities through its programs.

MEDICC supports education and development of human resources in health committed to equitable access and quality care, providing the Cuban experience to inform global debate, practice, policies and cooperation in health.

Human resources
Human resources (HR) is the set of people who make up the workforce of an organization, business sector, industry, or economy. A narrower concept is human capital, the knowledge and skills which the individuals command.
Burning the Future: Coal in America
Burning the Future: Coal in America is a 2008 documentary film produced and directed by David Novack. The film focuses on the impacts of mountaintop mining in the Appalachians, where mountain ridges are scraped away by heavy machinery to access coal seams below, a process that is cheaper and faster than traditional mining methods but is damaging to the environment. Some environmental problems discussed in the film include disfigured mountain ranges, extinct plant and animal species, toxic groundwater, and increased flooding. The film's run time is 89 minutes.  In 2012, it was rereleased in a shorter, updated version, that was created for public broadcast on PBS. This new version of the film's run time is 56 minutes.

The executive producer of the film is CJ Follini, founder and CEO of the former Gun For Hire Production Studios.

International Documentary Association
International Documentary Association (IDA), founded in 1982, is a non-profit 501(c)(3) that promotes nonfiction filmmakers, and is dedicated to increasing public awareness for the documentary genre. Their major program areas are: Advocacy, Filmmaker Services, Education, and Public Programs and Events.

Based in Los Angeles, the IDA has approximately 2,800 members in over 50 countries, providing a forum for supporters and suppliers of documentary filmmaking.
2023 WAFU Zone A Women's Cup
The 2023 WAFU Zone A Women's Cup was the second edition of the WAFU Zone A Women's Cup, an international women's football tournament contested by the women's national association football teams of West Africa zone A organized by the West African Football Union (WAFU). The tournament was hosted by Cape Verde and took place from 20 to 29 January 2023; it was the first major WAFU A tournament to be hosted in Cape Verde. The opening match was contested between Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau at Estádio Marcelo Leitão, Espargos, Sal Island on 20 January 2023. The final took place on 29 January 2023 at Estádio Marcelo Leitão, Espargos.

Senegal was the defending champions, having won the previous tournament. and they successfully defended their title beating hosts Cape Verde 1–0 with a penalty kick scored by Senegalese captain Korka Fall.

Sal, Cape Verde
Sal (Portuguese for "salt") is an island in Cape Verde. Sal is a tourist destination with white sand beaches and over 350 days of sunshine a year. It is one of the three sandy eastern islands of the Cape Verde archipelago in the central Atlantic Ocean, 350 miles (560 km) off the west coast of Africa. Cabo Verde is known for  year-round kiteboarding, for the large reserve of Caretta turtles which hatch from July to September, and the music of Cesaria Evora. Cabo Verde is now the world's largest nesting aggregation for this turtle species, and Sal has the second-largest rookery.
Chen Zhouli
Chen Zhouli (Chinese: 陈洲理; pinyin: Chénzhōulǐ; born November 11, 1989) is a professional wushu taolu athlete from China. He has won gold medals at the World Wushu Championships, Taolu World Cup, Asian Wushu Championships, and is a two-time gold medalist at the Asian Games the men's taijiquan and taijijian all-round competition. He also won the gold medal in men's taijiquan at the 2017 National Games of China and the silver medal at the 2021 National Games of China.

2021 National Games of China
The 14th National Games of China (中华人民共和国第十四届运动会), branded as Shaanxi 2021 (陕西2021), was a multi-sports event held throughout Shaanxi from 15 to 27 September 2021 (though some events took place before the Games started). It was projected that the Games would attract around 20,000 athletes who would compete in 409 events in 35 sports. This was the first event in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, despite the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo postponed to 2021.

The 14th National Games was one of the first major multi-sport events to allow spectators, which have to provide test certificates within 72 hours prior to entering any venues.
Brushy Creek (Gravois Creek tributary)
Brushy Creek is a stream in Morgan County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Gravois Creek.

The stream headwaters arise at 38°17′19″N 92°55′18″W﻿ / ﻿38.28861°N 92.92167°W﻿ / 38.28861; -92.92167 adjacent to Missouri Route 135 and north of the Proctor Towersite State Wildlife Area at an elevation of 1,050 ft (320 m). The stream flows northwest crossing under Missouri Route J to enter Gravois Creek at 38°20′09″N 92°51′16″W﻿ / ﻿38.33583°N 92.85444°W﻿ / 38.33583; -92.85444 and an elevation of 673 ft (205 m). The confluence is adjacent to Missouri Route 5 approximately 2.5 miles northwest of the community of Gravois Mills.

Brushy Creek was so named due to the prevalence of brush along its streambanks.

Missouri supplemental route
A supplemental route is a state secondary road in the U.S. state of Missouri, designated with letters. Supplemental routes were various roads within the state which the Missouri Department of Transportation was given in 1952 to maintain in addition to the regular routes, though lettered routes had been in use from at least 1932. The four types of roads designated as Routes are:

Farm to market roads

Roads to state parks

Former alignments of U.S. or state highways

Short routes connecting state highways from other states to routes in Missouri

Supplemental routes make up 19,064 miles (30,681 km) (59%) of the state highway system.
Sandra Aleksejeva
Sandra Aleksejeva (born 3 May 1991) is a Latvian BMX racer. She competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, reaching the semi-final. Aleksejeva has participated in several European and World Championships. Aleksejeva was born in Krāslava, Latvia.

Krāslava
Krāslava (Latvian pronunciationⓘ; Latgalian: Kruoslova, German: Kreslau, Belarusian: Краслаўка, Polish: Krasław, Russian: Краслава, Креславль) is a town and the administrative centre of Krāslava Municipality. The town lies on the Daugava, upstream and to the east of the city of Daugavpils. Most of the town is situated on the right bank of the Daugava. As defined by Latvian law, Krāslava belongs partially to the Latgale region (on the right side of the Daugava) and partially to the Selonia region (on the left side of the Daugava).
Jay Apfelbaum
Jay M. Apfelbaum (born 1951) of Pittsburgh, PA is an American bridge player. With a background as a lawyer and administrative law judge, he served three years as a member of the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) Board of Directors and edited its appeals books.

He has been an accredited tournament director, including serving at the national level, for over 20 years. Apfelbaum won the Blue Ribbon Pairs in 1976 and holds the ACBL title of Emerald Life Master.

American Contract Bridge League
The American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) is a governing body for contract bridge in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Bermuda. It is the largest such organization in North America having the stated mission "to promote, grow and sustain the game of bridge and serve the bridge-related interests of our Members." Its major activities are:

sanctioning games at local bridge clubs and regional events

certifying bridge teachers and club directors

conducting the North American Bridge Championships (NABC)

providing education materials and services

administering the ACBL masterpoints system for tracking player performance

providing oversight for ethical behavior and play

representing the interests of its members with the World Bridge Federation.

As of 2025, it had more than 130,000 members.
John Griffith (of Llŷn)
John Griffith  was a Welsh politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.

Griffith was the eldest son of John Griffith and his wife May Trevor, daughter of Sir Richard Trevor of Trevalyn. He was of Llŷn. In November 1640, he was elected member of parliament for Caernarfonshire in the Long Parliament and sat until August 1642 when he was disabled from sitting.

Griffith died unmarried in Paris before 1661.

Richard Trevor (politician)
Sir Richard Trevor (1558–1638) was a Welsh landowner, soldier and politician.

He was the eldest son of John Trevor of Trevalyn Hall, Denbighshire. He was the elder brother of Sir John Trevor, Sir Thomas Trevor and Sir Sackville Trevor. He inherited the Trevor family estate of Trevalyn in Denbighshire on the death of his father in 1589.

Trevor was knighted in 1597, while on military service in Ireland, and, like his younger brothers Sackville Trevor and John Trevor, he enjoyed the patronage of Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham. He was brought in as MP for Bletchingley to replace Howard when Howard elected to represent Surrey. He became a member of the Council of Wales and the Marches in 1602. From 1596 to 1626 he was Vice-Admiral of North Wales.

He married Katherine, daughter of Roger Puleston of Emral; they had four daughters. Trevalyn was bequeathed to his nephew, Sir John Trevor.
Dahachok
Dahachok is a village and former Village Development Committee that is now part of Chandragiri Municipality in Kathmandu District in Province No. 3 of central Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 4,036. It is located in the west of Kathmandu.

Bagmati Province
Bagmati Province (Nepali: बागमती प्रदेश, Bāgmatī pradēśa) is one of the seven provinces of Nepal established by the constitution of Nepal. Bagmati is Nepal's foremost populous province and fifth largest province by area. It is bordered by Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, Gandaki Province to the west, Koshi Province to the east, Madhesh Province and the Indian state of Bihar to the south. With Hetauda as its provincial headquarters, the province is also the home to the country's capital Kathmandu, is mostly hilly and mountainous, and hosts mountain peaks including Gaurishankar, Langtang, Jugal, and Ganesh.

Being the most populous province of Nepal, it possesses rich cultural diversity with resident communities and castes including Thami (Thangmi), Newar, Tamang, Sherpa, Tharu, Chepang, Jirel, Brahmin, Chhetri, and more. It hosted the highest number of voters in the 2017 election for the House of Representatives and Provincial Assembly.
Rajgir railway station
Rajgir railway station is a railway station serving the city of Rajgir in the Indian state of Bihar. Rajgir is in the Danapur railway division of the East Central Railway zone. Rajgir is well connected with Patna Junction, Harnaut, Jehanabad, Bihar Sharif, Gaya Junction, Islampur, Nawada and Bakhtiyarpur Junction through daily passenger and express train services. It is located near Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Rajgir Nalanda.

Harnaut
Harnaut is a Nagar panchayat and corresponding Block in the Nalanda District of Bihar, India. The Hindu, Buddhist and Jain pilgrim centres of Nalanda, Pawapuri, Rajgir, Bodh Gaya and Vaishali are all near Harnaut. The incumbent Chief Minister of Bihar, Nitish Kumar, is from Kalyan Bigha village near Harnaut.
John Heard (musician)
John William Heard (July 3, 1938 – December 10, 2021) was an American bass player and artist. His recording credits include albums with Pharoah Sanders, George Duke, Oscar Peterson, Count Basie, Zoot Sims, Ahmad Jamal, Frank Morgan, George Cables. His professional jazz performance career lasted from the 1960s to the early 2010s, during which he also worked as a visual artist, producing drawings, paintings, and sculptures.

George Duke
George Martin Duke (January 12, 1946 – August 5, 2013) was an American keyboardist, composer, singer-songwriter and record producer. He worked with numerous artists as arranger, music director, writer and co-writer, record producer and as a professor of music. He first made a name for himself with the album The Jean-Luc Ponty Experience with the George Duke Trio. He is known for his 32 solo albums, as well as for his collaborations with other musicians like Stanley Clarke and (his cousin) Dianne Reeves, but particularly with composer, guitarist and bandleader Frank Zappa.
Michael Moynihan (Cork politician)
Michael Moynihan (born 12 January 1968) is an Irish Fianna Fáil politician who has served as Minister of State at the Department of Education and Youth since January 2025 and a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Cork North-West constituency since the 1997 general election.

Cork North-West
Cork North-West is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects three deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Cataclasite
Cataclasite is a cohesive granular fault rock. Comminution, also known as cataclasis, is an important process in forming cataclasites.  They fall into the category of cataclastic rocks which are formed through faulting or fracturing in the upper crust.  Cataclasites are distinguished from fault gouge, which is incohesive, and fault breccia, which contains coarser fragments.

Crust (geology)
In geology, the crust is the outermost solid shell of a planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite. It is usually distinguished from the underlying mantle by its chemical makeup; however, in the case of icy satellites, it may be defined based on its phase (solid crust vs. liquid mantle).

The crusts of Earth, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Io, the Moon and other planetary bodies formed via igneous processes and were later modified by erosion, impact cratering, volcanism, and sedimentation.

Most terrestrial planets have fairly uniform crusts. Earth, however, has two distinct types: continental crust and oceanic crust. These two types have different chemical compositions and physical properties and were formed by different geological processes.
McPherson Merry Macks
The McPherson Merry Macks were a minor league baseball team based in McPherson, Kansas. The "Merry Macks" played as members of the 1908 Class D level Central Kansas League and Kansas State League from 1909 to 1911. McPherson hosted home minor league games at the County Fair Association Fairgrounds.

McPherson, Kansas
McPherson (/məkˈfɜːrsən/ mək-FUR-sən) is a city in and the county seat of McPherson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 14,082. The city is named after Union General James Birdseye McPherson, a Civil War general. It is home to McPherson College and Central Christian College.
Admesturius schajovskoyi
Admesturius schajovskoyi is a species of spider classified as a family of the jumping spider. The scientific name of this species was first published in 1988 by Galianol. These spiders are commonly found in Argentina and Chile.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Key tegu
The Key tegu (Echinosaura keyi), also known commonly as Key's teiid and la lagartija minadora tropical in Spanish, is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. The species is endemic to Ecuador.

Gymnophthalmidae
Gymnophthalmidae is a family of lizards with at least 250 species, sometimes known commonly as spectacled lizards or microteiids. They are called "spectacled" because of their transparent lower eyelids, which allow them to still see with closed eyes. As in most lizards, except geckos, these eyelids are movable. The Alopoglossidae have been recently moved from this family.
Gagetown-Petitcodiac
Gagetown-Petitcodiac was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada.  It was first contested in the 2014 general election, having been created in the 2013 redistribution of electoral boundaries.

The district ran from the boundaries of the town of Oromocto to those of the city of Moncton along New Brunswick Highway 2, and includes only small municipalities and unincorporated communities.  It drew significant population the former districts of Petitcodiac, Grand Lake-Gagetown, Oromocto, Kings East and Hampton-Kings.

2013 New Brunswick electoral redistribution
The 2013 New Brunswick electoral redistribution was undertaken through the process set out in the Electoral Boundaries and Representation Act of New Brunswick, Canada. The legislation establishes a statutory requirement for redistribution of electoral districts after every second New Brunswick general election.

A commission was struck to draw 49 electoral districts, a decrease from 55 districts, which will first be used in the 2014 provincial election. The 49 boundaries will have to be within the range of 95% to 105% of the 1/49th of the number of registered voters in the province except in "extraordinary circumstances".

Under the legislation, the commission will be chaired by one anglophone and one francophone and consist of 3 to 5 other commissioners, all of whom must be New Brunswick residents.
Jacob Gitlin Library
The Jacob Gitlin Library in Cape Town, South Africa is an archive of information on Judaism, Jewish culture and history, and the nation of Israel. It was founded under the auspices of the South African Zionist Federation in 1959.

The museum is situated in the downtown neighbourhood of Gardens  in Cape Town. It is located in the grounds of Gardens Shul, and is housed in the Gardens Jewish Community Centre, in the same complex as the South African Jewish Museum and the Cape Town Holocaust & Genocide Centre. It is also close to the Iziko South African National Gallery and Houses of Parliament.

Iziko South African National Gallery
The Iziko South African National Gallery is the national art gallery of South Africa located in Cape Town. It became part of the Iziko collection of museums – as managed by the Department of Arts and Culture – in 2001. It then became an agency of the Department of Arts and Culture. Its collection consists largely of Dutch, French and British works from the 17th to the 19th century. This includes lithographs, etchings and some early 20th-century British paintings. Contemporary art work displayed in the gallery is selected from many of South Africa's communities and the gallery houses an authoritative collection of sculpture and beadwork.
Kamino-shima
Kamijima (上島) is the double-mountained northern end of Tsushima Island, which lies in the Korea Strait between the East China Sea to the south and the Sea of Japan to the north, and Korea to the west and mainland Japan to the east. The famous naval Battle of Tsushima was fought east and northeast of Kamino-shima in the Tsushima Strait. The northwest tip of Kamino-shima lies about 50 km from Busan, South Korea.

Korea Strait
34°35′58″N 129°47′48″E﻿ / ﻿34.59944°N 129.79667°E﻿ / 34.59944; 129.79667

The Korea Strait is a sea passage in East Asia between the Korean Peninsula and Japan. It connects the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan in the northwest Pacific Ocean. The strait is split by Tsushima Island into two parts: the Western Channel, and the Tsushima Strait or Eastern Channel. It is economically important, as many shipping lanes pass through the strait, and both Japan and South Korea allow free passage through it.

In ancient times, both Buddhism and Mongol invaders passed over the strait to reach Japan. More recently, it was the site of the 1950 Battle of Korea Strait during the Korean War. A tunnel running underneath the strait connecting Japan and Korea, the Japan–Korea Undersea Tunnel, has been proposed to connect the two countries.