hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cowden rail crash
The Cowden rail crash occurred on 15 October 1994, near Cowden Station in Kent (UK), when two trains collided head-on, killing five and injuring 13, after one of them had passed a signal at danger and entered a single-line section. The cause was due to a collective of issues; the AWS being inoperative, the signal was dirty and the light intensity was low, and there were no trap points to prevent a train wrongly entering a section against the signal.

Single-track railway
A single-track railway is a railway where trains traveling in both directions share the same track. Single track is usually found on lesser-used rail lines, often branch lines, where the level of traffic is not high enough to justify the cost of constructing and maintaining a second track.
Made In Cookware
Made In Cookware is a privately owned manufacturer of high-end kitchen supplies based in Austin, Texas. It sells stainless steel sets, nonstick and regular frying pans, stockpots, saucers, woks, knife sets, and other cookware to professional chefs and home cooks through its e-commerce site.

The direct-to-consumer (DTC) brand shares tips and stories, recipe videos, and technical instructions on its website and via social media; the Made In Studio space also hosts functions for Austin nonprofits, as well as industry parties and recipe-testing events.

The company’s products are used in over 2,000 restaurants. The brand is known for its competitive DTC pricing and has been embraced by several well-known chefs, including restaurateur and Top Chef personality Tom Colicchio, who is an investor.

Other investors have included private equity firm KarpReilly, Bonobos founder Brian Spaly, and Alinea restaurant co-owners Grant Achatz and Nick Kokonas.

Nick Kokonas
Nick Kokonas is an American restaurant businessman and author. He is known for his partnership with chef Grant Achatz, owning Chicago restaurants Next, Alinea, and The Aviary, and for founding the reservation business Tock.
Highland, Ulster County, New York
Highland /ˈhaɪˌlænd/ is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in Ulster County, New York, United States. The population was 6,385 at the 2020 census. It is part of the New York City Combined Statistical area.

Highland is a community in the town of Lloyd, on U.S. Route 9W. Routes 44 and 55 run through it as well. It is the town at the western end of the Mid-Hudson Bridge across from Poughkeepsie.

Highland is at the western end of the Walkway over the Hudson. From there, the Hudson Valley Rail Trail extends westward through the Town of Lloyd on to New Paltz, forming part of the Empire State Trail.

Highland also contains Franny Reese State Park and Highland Landing Park.

Franny Reese State Park
Franny Reese State Park is a 251-acre (1.02 km2) state park located in the Town of Lloyd in Ulster County, New York. The park is managed by Scenic Hudson and is part of the Palisades Interstate Park system.
Bartonellosis
Bartonellosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Bartonella. Bartonella species cause diseases such as Carrión's disease, trench fever, cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, peliosis hepatis, chronic bacteremia, endocarditis, chronic lymphadenopathy, and neurological disorders.

Peliosis hepatis
Peliosis hepatis is an uncommon vascular condition characterised by multiple, randomly distributed, blood-filled cavities throughout the liver. The size of the cavities usually ranges between a few millimetres and 3 cm in diameter. In the past, it was a mere histological curiosity  occasionally found at autopsies, but has been increasingly recognised with wide-ranging conditions from AIDS to the use of anabolic steroids. It also occasionally affects spleen, lymph nodes, lungs, kidneys, adrenal glands, bone marrow, and other parts of gastrointestinal tract.

Peliosis hepatis is often erroneously written "peliosis hepatitis", despite it not being one of the hepatitides.  The correct term arises from the Greek pelios, i.e. discoloured by extravasated blood, livid, and the Latinized genitive case (hepatis) of the Greek hepar, liver.
David Safier
David Safier (German: ['sa:fiɐ]; born 13 December 1966 in Bremen) is a German writer and novelist. He wrote the television series Berlin, Berlin for which he was awarded the Adolf Grimme Award in 2003. Berlin, Berlin also won an International Emmy Award for best comedy in 2004. He has written several novels, among them Mieses Karma and Jesus liebt mich, which together sold two million copies, as well as Plötzlich Shakespeare, Happy Family, Muh! and Mieses Karma hoch 2. He also wrote 28 Tage lang.

Grimme-Preis
The Grimme-Preis (Grimme Award), formerly known as the Adolf-Grimme-Preis, is one of the most prestigious German television awards. It is named after the first general director of Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk, Adolf Grimme.  The Grimme Institute also awards the Grimme Online Award and the Deutscher Radiopreis (German Radio Award).
Social production of space
The social production of space is a concept in the sociology of space which contends that space is neither a thing nor a container, but a product and means of production. Thus, space is produced and constructed socially and through a set of human relations. It was pioneered by philosopher Henri Lefebvre in his 1974 book La Production de l'espace. This book was translated into English by Donald Nicholson-Smith in the year 1991.

Henri Lefebvre
Henri Lefebvre (/ləˈfɛvrə/ lə-FEV-rə; French: [ɑ̃ʁi ləfɛvʁ]; 16 June 1901 – 29 June 1991) was a French Marxist philosopher and sociologist, best known for furthering the critique of everyday life, for introducing the concepts of the right to the city and the production of social space, and for his work on dialectical materialism, alienation, and criticism of Stalinism, existentialism, and structuralism. In his prolific career, Lefebvre wrote more than sixty books and three hundred articles. He founded or took part in the founding of several intellectual and academic journals such as Philosophies, La Revue Marxiste, Arguments, Socialisme ou Barbarie, and Espaces et Sociétés.
Penn Ondru Kanden
Penn Ondru Kanden (pronounced [peɳ onru kaɳɖeːn] transl. I saw a girl) is a 1974 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Gopu. The film stars Muthuraman and Prameela, with Nagesh, M. R. R. Vasu, I. S. R. and Sukumari in supporting roles. It was released on 11 July 1974.

M. R. R. Vasu
Madras Rajagopalan Radhakrishnan Vasudevan was an Indian actor who was active in Tamil cinema and theatre during the latter half of the 20th century. He was known for playing negative roles, but he was also a successful character actor. He acted in over 75 movies in Tamil. He is the eldest son of yesteryear actor M. R. Radha, father of Vasu Vikram and half-brother of Radha Ravi, Radhika and Nirosha.
John McIntyre (hurler)
John McIntyre (born 1961 in Lorrha, County Tipperary) is an Irish hurling manager and former player.  He is the former manager of the Galway senior hurling team.

An effective centre-back, McIntyre enjoyed a relatively successful playing career at club level with Lorrha–Dorrha and at inter-county level with Tipperary.  He was a member of the latter team for a number of seasons in the 1980s, when Tipperary were going through an uncharacteristic drought in terms of championship success.

After his playing days ended McIntyre gained notoriety as a manager and coach at all levels.  A successful stint as coach working alongside manager Billy McGrath of the Clarinbridge club team in Galway followed his first term as manager of the Offaly senior hurling team in the 1990s.  McIntyre returned as Offaly manager almost a decade later before being appointed manager of the Galway senior hurling team in November 2008.

Clare GAA
The Clare County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Contae an Chláir) or Clare GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Clare. Clare plays its home games at Zimmer Biomet Páirc Chíosóg in Ennis.

The county hurling team competes in Division 1 of the National Hurling League and in the Munster Senior Hurling Championship (SHC), the former of which it has won five times, most recently in 2024. Clare has won the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) five times in its history. The county won its first title in 1914 and took another 81 years to win a second title in 1995, which remains the record wait for a successive title in Senior Championship history. Clare won All-Ireland SHC titles in 1914, 1995, 1997, 2013 and 2024.

The county football team contested the 1917 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final.
Thomas Hearne (antiquarian)
Thomas Hearne or Hearn (Latin: Thomas Hearnius, July 1678 – 10 June 1735) was an English diarist and prolific antiquary, particularly remembered for his published editions of many medieval English chronicles and other important historical texts.

Scotichronicon
The Scotichronicon is a 15th-century chronicle by the Scottish historian Walter Bower. It is a continuation of historian-priest John of Fordun's earlier work Chronica Gentis Scotorum beginning with the founding of Ireland and thereby Scotland by Scota with Goídel Glas.

The chronicle consists of 16 books written in Latin. The book's composition started in 1440. It was completed in 1447. The last event covered in the chronicle is the death of James I of Scotland in 1437. The chronicle depicts Robin Hood as a historical figure. He is depicted as one of the rebels in the Second Barons' War (1264-1267).
Frank Arthur
Harold Frank Milton Arthur (12 December 1908 in Lismore, New South Wales – 11 September 1972 in Sydney) was a former international motorcycle speedway rider who won the first Star Riders' Championship, the forerunner of the Speedway World Championship, in 1929. He earned 15 international caps for the Australia national speedway team.

Star Riders' Championship
The Star Riders' Championship was the forerunner of the Speedway World Championship and was inaugurated in 1929. The competition was sponsored by The Star, which was a London evening newspaper at that time.

For the first year it was split into two sections, Britain and Overseas, as it was felt that the Australians and Americans were too strong for the British riders.

The format changed over the years until by 1935 it was run in the 16 riders 20-heat formula that was to become the recognised formula for the World Championship and most other individual events until the advent of the Grand Prix in 1995. When the World Championship was inaugurated in 1936, the Star Riders' Championship ceased.
Torrence Avenue
Torrence Avenue is a major north–south street in the South Side of Chicago, as well as its southern suburbs. It marks 2628 East in the Chicago address system, being located slightly more than 3+1⁄4 miles (5.2 km) east of State Street. The road runs north from Richton Road in Crete to Steger Road at the Will–Cook county line in Sauk Village. From there, its northern segment begins just west of here. Torrence Avenue continues north, intersecting Interstate 80 (I-80) and I-94 (Kingery Expressway) in Lansing. From here, the road goes north until ending just south of 95th Street (U.S. Route 12 (US 12) and US 20). The road carries Illinois Route 83 (IL 83) from Glenwood Dyer Road in Lynwood to Sibley Boulevard in Calumet City, as well as carrying US 6 from the Kingery Expressway to 159th Street.

U.S. Route 12 in Illinois
U.S. Route 12 (US 12) in the U.S. state of Illinois is an arterial highway that runs northwest to southeast through the Chicago metropolitan area. It enters Illinois at the Wisconsin border north of Richmond, and exits into Hammond, Indiana, from Chicago near the foot of the onramp to the Indiana Toll Road (Interstate 90, or I-90); as it exits Illinois, the route is also concurrent with US 20 and US 41. Within Illinois, US 12 runs for a distance of 85.14 miles (137.02 km).
Mujeeb-ur-Rehman Shami
Mujeeb-ur-Rehman Shami is a Pakistani journalist and columnist who is the chief editor of Daily Pakistan newspaper. He belongs to a Punjabi Shaikh family.

He appears on the talk show Nuqta e Nazar on Dunya News. He is also the founder of Zindagi Magazine and Qaumi Digest.

His columns are published in Daily Dunya and Daily Pakistan every Sunday. He has also written newspaper columns for the Urdu language daily newspapers Nawa-i-Waqt and Daily Jang.

Nawa-i-waqt
Nawa-i-Waqt or Nawaiwaqt (Urdu: نوائے وقت; lit. 'The Voice of Time') is one of the largest circulating Urdu-language daily newspaper in Pakistan.

This newspaper is currently owned by 'Majid Nizami Trust'. It was founded by Hameed Nizami and launched under his leadership on 23 March 1940.

Hameed's younger brother Majid Nizami was the chief editor and publisher of Nawa-i-Waqt Group of Publications until he died in 2014 and then this group became the property of Majid Nizami Trust created by Majid Nizami himself in his lifetime.

In 2016, Rameeza (adopted daughter of Majid Nizami) and the biological daughter of Mian Arif and Ghazala Arif was elected as the Managing Director of Nawa-i-Waqt Group of Publications by the trustees of Majid Nizami Trust and she was also elected as the Senior Vice President of All Pakistan Newspapers Society (APNS).
Ernesto Solitario
Ernesto Solitario (born July, 1838) was an Italian sculptor, active mainly in Naples.

He was born in San Giorgio La Molara, Province of Benevento. He studied art in the Academy of Naples and received a stipend from the province. Among his works were a wooden Immacolata for the church of Balam; a St Joseph; a A Holy Family (1859), which won a silver medal at the Exposition of Naples: Three life-sized statues in terra cotta for the church of Saviano; Bacchus with a goat for the City Hall of Campobasso; Neapolian Dress, a bust in terra cotta, awarded silver medal at the Exposition G. B. Vico; Five medallions in Stucco for the archive of San Pietro a Maiella; six archeologic portraits for the hall of medals of the Museo Nazionale of Naples; a marble bust for the Collegio dei Nobili; a bust of Charles III of Naples for the hall of porcelain at Capodimonte Museum. He became professor of plastics and design for the Albergo dei Poveri in Naples

Charles III of Naples
Charles III of Naples, also called Charles the Small or Charles of Durazzo (1345 – 24 February 1386), was King of Naples and the titular King of Jerusalem from 1382 to 1386 as Charles III, and also King of Hungary from 1385 to 1386 as Charles II. In 1381, Charles created the chivalric Order of the Ship. In 1383, he succeeded to the Principality of Achaea on the death of James of Baux.
Queen Anne's War
Queen Anne's War (1702–1713) was the second in a series of French and Indian Wars fought in North America involving the colonial empires of Great Britain, France, and Spain; it took place during the reign of Anne, Queen of Great Britain. In the United States, it is regarded as a standalone conflict under this name. Elsewhere it is usually viewed as the American theater of the War of the Spanish Succession. It is also known as the Third Indian War. In France it was known as the Second Intercolonial War.

Choctaw
The Choctaw (Choctaw: Chahta Choctaw pronunciation: [tʃahtá(ʔ)]) people are one of the Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States, historically based in what is now Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. The Choctaw language is a Western Muskogean language. Today, Choctaw people are enrolled primarily in three federally recognized tribes: the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, and the Jena Band of Choctaw Indians in Louisiana. The Yowani Choctaw, a historic Choctaw band, are federally recognized as a people within the Caddo Nation and are also enrolled as citizens of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma and the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians. Choctaw descendants are also members of other tribes.
Gernrode/Harz
Gernrode/Harz was a Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("collective municipality") in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft was Gernrode. Between 1 January 2011 and 19 February 2013 it was disbanded as its members temporarily became part of the town Quedlinburg. It was finally disbanded in January 2014.

The Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Gernrode/Harz consisted of the following municipalities:

Bad Suderode

Gernrode

Rieder

Municipal association (Germany)
Municipal associations (German: Verwaltungsgemeinschaften, pronounced [fɛɐ̯ˈvaltʊŋsɡəˌmaɪ̯nʃaftn̩] ⓘ, lit. 'administrative communities') are statutory corporations or public bodies created by statute in the German federal states of Bavaria, Saxony, Thuringia, and Schleswig-Holstein. In Baden-Württemberg the term stipulated municipal association (German: vereinbarte Verwaltungsgemeinschaft) is used.
Little Italy (1921 film)
Little Italy is a 1921 American comedy film directed by George Terwilliger and written by Tom McNamara and Peter Milne. The film stars Alice Brady, Norman Kerry, George Fawcett, Jack Ridgeway, Gertrude Norman, and Luis Alberni. The film was released in July 1921 by Realart Pictures Corporation.

George Terwilliger
George Walter Terwilliger (February 27, 1882 – December 12, 1970) was an American film director, screenwriter, and journalist. He worked in both the silent and sound eras, directing at least 76 productions between 1912 and 1936. He also wrote scores of screenplays for films released between 1910 and 1939. In 1912 alone, he was contracted by Lubin film studio to write one story a week for the company.
2017 U.S. Classic
The 2017 U.S. Classic, known as the 2017 Secret U.S. Classic for sponsorship reasons, was the 34th edition of the U.S. Classic gymnastics tournament. The competition was held on July 29, 2017, at the Sears Centre Arena in the Hoffman Estates suburb of Chicago, Illinois.

Secret (deodorant brand)
Secret is an antiperspirant/deodorant for women manufactured by Procter & Gamble. It is sold in the United States, Canada, and Mexico.  Secret was launched as the first female deodorant in 1956, after more than 10 years of research that began in 1945. Secret is the only female brand antiperspirant/deodorant in Procter & Gamble's portfolio of products, which includes male brands Gillette and Old Spice.

There are more than 55 different antiperspirant/deodorant products sold under the Secret brand. Products are produced by company plants in Greensboro, NC and in Mexico City, Mexico, which are then distributed to retailers. Secret products are sold in a variety of channels, including supermarkets, drug stores and mass merchandisers. They are also available through various online retailers.
Jim Berryman
Jim Berryman (born February 17, 1947) is a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan. He is the former mayor of Adrian, Michigan. He previously served as a member of the Michigan Senate, where he represented the 11th district from 1991 to 1994, and the 17th district from 1995 to 1998. He served as mayor of Adrian, Michigan, from 1985 to 1990. He is a Democrat and was the first one ever to be elected to the Michigan Senate from Lenawee County. Again, in 2013 Berryman was elected mayor of Adrian (2013-2017).

Michigan's 17th Senate district
Michigan's 17th Senate district is one of 38 districts in the Michigan Senate. The 17th district was created by the 1850 Michigan Constitution, as the 1835 constitution only permitted a maximum of eight senate districts. It has been represented by Republican Jonathan Lindsey since 2023, succeeding fellow Republican Dale Zorn.
World Trade Center Islamabad
World Trade Center Islamabad is a mixed-use 14 story development located on GT Road, DHA, Islamabad, Pakistan. It is affiliated with the World Trade Centers Association.

The development includes a five-story shopping mall, a six-story office tower and a 267-room four-star hotel. The project is owned by the multinational organization Giga Group.

The complex opened on August 17, 2016.

World Trade Centers Association
The World Trade Centers Association (WTCA) was founded in 1970 by Port Authority NYNJ executive Guy F. Tozzoli. WTCA is a not-for-profit, non-political association dedicated to the establishment and operation of World Trade Centers (WTCs) as instruments for international trade expansion.

As of May 2020, the WTCA included 323 properties licensed in 90 countries and staffed by "15,000 WTC professionals".  The WTCA is an unofficial umbrella trade association that unites corporations and government agencies in international trade.
Mbaye Leye
Mbaye Leye (born 1 December 1982) is a Senegalese football manager and former professional footballer who played as a striker. He is an assistant coach with Belgian Pro League club Gent. Born in Senegal, Leye started his professional career in France before moving to Belgium in 2007. He played in Belgium until his retirement in 2019, finishing his playing career with Mouscron. As a player, he played for the Senegal national team.

Royal Excel Mouscron
Royal Excel Mouscron (French pronunciation: [mukʁɔ̃], Dutch pronunciation: [muˈskrun]), commonly known as Mouscron or familiarly as REM, was a Belgian professional football club based in Mouscron.

The team was formed as Royal Mouscron-Péruwelz in the spring of 2010 as a result of the merging between bankrupt R.E. Mouscron and R.R.C. Peruwelz. It won promotion to the Belgian Pro League in 2014 and changed its name in the summer of 2016, being relegated in 2021 and filing for bankruptcy a year later.

The club was owned by nearby French club Lille OSC from 2012 to 2015, and by a Maltese consortium linked to Israeli agent Pini Zahavi from 2015 to 2018, Pairoj Piempongsant of Carabao Energy Drink from 2018 to 2020, and Spanish-Luxembourgish businessman Gérard López from 2020 to 2022. The club was investigated by the Belgian federal judiciary over alleged financial offences relating to Zahavi.
Sport in Slovakia
Sport in Slovakia is influenced by its climate and geography; popular summer sports include football, tennis, volleyball, swimming, cycling and hiking, popular winter sports include skiing and snowboarding. The most watched sports in Slovakia are football, ice hockey and tennis.
Internationally, the most successful sport in Slovakia is ice hockey where currently, as of 2022, the country is ranked as the eighth best team in the world by the IIHF World Ranking.

Snowboarding
Snowboarding is a recreational and competitive activity that involves descending a snow-covered surface while standing on a snowboard that is always attached to a rider's feet. It features in the Winter Olympic Games and Winter Paralympic Games.

Snowboarding was developed in the United States, inspired by skiing and skateboarding, which itself was inspired by surfing. Snowboarding became popular around the world in the late 20th century and was introduced as a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014. As of 2015, its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.