hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hawksley
Hawksley is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Hawksley (1839–1917), English civil engineer

Dominic Hawksley, British actor

Dorothy Hawksley (1884–1970), British painter

Humphrey Hawksley (born 1964), British journalist

James Hawksley (born 1989), Australian football player

Lucinda Hawksley (born 1970), English writer

Roy Hawksley (born 1942), English rugby player

Thomas Hawksley (1807–1893), English civil engineer

Warren Hawksley (1943–2018), British politician

Roy Hawksley
Roy Hawksley (born 9 February 1943) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s and 1970s. He played at club level for Wakefield Trinity, Doncaster (two spells), Halifax, and Salford, as a hooker.
Mangorei Power Station
The Mangorei Power Station is a hydroelectric power facility near Mangorei in Taranaki in New Zealand which makes use of water from the Waiwhakaiho River  (which is often written as Waiwakaiho) and the Mangamahoe Stream catchments.

Waiwhakaiho River
The Waiwhakaiho River is a river of the Taranaki Region of New Zealand's North Island. One of many rivers and streams radiating from the slopes of Taranaki/Mount Egmont, it flows initially northeast before veering northwest to reach the Tasman Sea close to the New Plymouth suburb of Fitzroy. Near the sea, it is crossed by the coastal walkway, connecting New Plymouth with Bell Block via the Te Rewa Rewa Bridge.

The river is also bridged by SH3 and the Marton–New Plymouth railway line.
Casterley Camp
Casterley Camp is the site of an Iron Age univallate hillfort in Wiltshire, England, about 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) south-west of the village of Upavon. The site comprises a large Iron Age/Romano-British enclosure, possibly non-defensive in function, and incomplete. It was partially excavated in the 19th century.

Three apparently related enclosures are identified within the site of Casterley Camp. Stock control and religious functions have been attributed to the enclosures. There is also an Iron Age/Romano-British trackway on the west side of the site, with traces of earth banks on both sides. The site is a scheduled monument.

There are public footpaths and bridleways to the north and west of the site. Since 1898, land immediately west and south has been part of the Salisbury Plain firing ranges.

The site of a smaller Iron Age hill fort, Chisenbury Camp, lies on the other side of the River Avon valley, about 2+1⁄2 miles (4 km) to the east.

Romano-British culture
The Romano-British culture arose in Britain under the Roman Empire following the Roman conquest in AD 43 and the creation of the province of Britannia. It arose as a fusion of the imported Roman culture with that of the indigenous Britons, a people of Celtic language and custom.

Scholars such as Christopher Snyder believe that during the 5th and 6th centuries – approximately from 410 when the Roman legions withdrew, to 597 when St Augustine of Canterbury arrived – southern Britain preserved an active sub-Roman culture that survived the attacks from the Anglo-Saxons and even used a vernacular Latin when writing.
WXBN (AM)
WXBN (880 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Sweetwater, Florida, and serving the Miami–Fort Lauderdale radio market.  It is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc., and airs a black-oriented news format as an affiliate of the co-owned Black Information Network.

880 AM is a United States clear-channel frequency reserved for Class A station WHSQ in New York City.  WXBN uses a highly directional antenna array (8 towers) to prevent interference to WHSQ's nighttime skywave signal.  The transmitter is off the Tamiami Trail (U.S. Route 41) in Everglades, Florida.

880 AM
The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 880 kHz: 880 AM is classified as a North American clear-channel frequency by the Federal Communications Commission; WHSQ in New York City is the dominant Class A station on 880 kHz.
Council of Charroux
The Council of Charroux was held on June 1, 989 at Charroux Abbey in Charroux, Vienne, southeast of Poitiers, where relics of the True Cross were preserved. Meeting under the patronage of William IV, Duke of Aquitaine and Count of Poitiers, under the authority of Gombald, Archbishop of Bordeaux and in the presence of the bishops Gislebert of Poitiers, Frotaire (Frotier) of Périgueux, Abbon of Saintes, Hugues I of Jarnac d'Angoulême and Hildegaire of Limoges, it established for the first time the peace of God: its canons anathematized (excommunicated) "the violators of churches", "thieves of the goods of the poor" and "those who brutalize the clergy".

Archdiocese of Bordeaux
The Archdiocese of Bordeaux (–Bazas) (Latin: Archidioecesis Burdigalensis (–Bazensis); French: Archidiocèse de Bordeaux (–Bazas); Occitan: Archidiocèsi de Bordèu (–Vasats)) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. The episcopal see is Bordeaux, Aquitaine. It was established under the Concordat of 1802 by combining the ancient Diocese of Bordeaux (diminished by the cession of part to the Bishopric of Aire) with the greater part of the suppressed Diocese of Bazas. The Archdiocese of Bordeaux is a metropolitan see, with four suffragan dioceses in its ecclesiastical province: Dioceses of Agen, Aire and Dax, Bayonne, and Périgueux.
Jack Haskell (producer)
Jack Haskell (13 April 1886 – April 1963) was an American theatrical producer who specialised in revue, later a dance director in Hollywood. Much of his early work was for J. C. Williamson's (JCW) in Australia.

J. C. Williamson's
J. C. Williamson's, formerly Williamson, Garner, & Musgrove and Williamson and Musgrove, was an Australian theatrical management company and theatre owner. With its beginnings in the theatrical productions of J. C. Williamson and his partners in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the company J. C. Williamson Limited was established in 1910. Colloquially known as The Firm or JCW, the company dominated Australian commercial theatre in the twentieth century and at one time was described as the largest theatrical firm in the world. It closed under financial pressure in 1976.
ARA Buenos Aires
Several ships of the Argentine Navy ((in Spanish) Armada de la República Argentina) have been named Buenos Aires, with or without the prefix "ARA", after the Argentine province of that name.

ARA Buenos Aires (1895), a protected cruiser in service from 1896 to 1932.

ARA Buenos Aires (D-6), a Buenos Aires-class destroyer in service from 1938 to 1971.

Argentine Navy
The Argentine Navy (ARA; Spanish: Armada de la República Argentina) is the navy of Argentina. It is one of the three branches of the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic, together with the Army and the Air Force.

The Argentine Navy day is celebrated on May 17, anniversary of the victory in 1814 at the Battle of Montevideo over the Spanish fleet during the war of Independence.
Herbstein (surname)
Herbstein is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gaby Herbstein (born 1969), Argentine visual artist and photographer

Manu Herbstein (born 1936), South African writer and awarded author

Ama: A Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade
Ama: A Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade is the debut historical novel by Manu Herbstein (born 1936). It has been described as a work of faction that "successfully blends extensive and meticulous research with abundant imagination to transport the reader into the violent world of the Atlantic Slave Trade."

The book won the 2002 Commonwealth Writers' Prize for the Best First Book from Africa.
Substring
In formal language theory and computer science, a substring is a contiguous sequence of characters within a string. For instance, "the best of" is a substring of "It was the best of times". In contrast, "Itwastimes" is a subsequence of "It was the best of times", but not a substring.

Prefixes and suffixes are special cases of substrings. A prefix of a string  is a substring of  that occurs at the beginning of ; likewise, a suffix of a string  is a substring that occurs at the end of .

The substrings of the string "apple" would be:
"a", "ap", "app", "appl", "apple",
"p", "pp", "ppl", "pple",
"pl", "ple",
"l", "le"
"e", "" 
(note the empty string at the end).

Character (computing)
In computing and telecommunications, a character is the encoded representation of a natural language character (including letter, numeral and punctuation), whitespace (space or tab), or a control character (controls computer hardware that consumes character-based data). A sequence of characters is called a string.

Some character encoding systems represent each character using a fixed number of bits whereas other systems use varying sizes. Various fixed-length sizes were used for now obsolete systems such as the six-bit character code, the five-bit Baudot code and even 4-bit systems (with only 16 possible values). The more modern ASCII system uses the 8-bit byte for each character. Today, the Unicode-based UTF-8 encoding uses a varying number of byte-sized code units to define a code point which combine to encode a character.
Bowling in India
Tenpin bowling is a popular and recreational sport in India. The activity is administered by the Bangalore-based Tenpin Bowling Federation of India. It organizes the National Bowling League comprising championships for amateurs, corporate team tournaments as well as a national tour for professionals. Many Indians take up bowling for fitness, rather than for recreation. Bowling alleys in India are commonly a part of multiplexes and malls.

In Chennai, the sport was widely known as "snow bowling" in the late 1990s and early 2000s, owing to its presence in the 'Snow Bowling' Centre in Chennai. The term "snow bowling" has been referenced in songs such as "Dey Nandakumara" from Seenu (2000), "Oh Mama Mama" from Minnale (2001), "Sandhippoma" in Enakku 20 Unakku 18 (2003) and "Kannin Maniye" from Gambeeram (2004).

In 2008, the Indian team participated in the WTBA World Tenpin Bowling Championships in Bangkok and the Commonwealth Tenpin Bowling Championships in Belfast.

Gambeeram
Gambeeram (transl. Bravery) is a 2004 Indian Tamil-language action film written and directed by Suresh. The film, starring R. Sarathkumar and Laila, with Vadivelu, Pranathi and Tanikella Bharani in supporting roles, became a huge commercial success.
Truncated differential cryptanalysis
In cryptography, truncated differential cryptanalysis is a generalization of differential cryptanalysis, an attack against block ciphers. Lars Knudsen developed the technique in 1994. Whereas ordinary differential cryptanalysis analyzes the full difference between two texts, the truncated variant considers differences that are only partially determined. That is, the attack makes predictions of only some of the bits instead of the full block. This technique has been applied to SAFER, IDEA, Skipjack, E2, Twofish, Camellia, CRYPTON, and even the stream cipher Salsa20.

Secure and Fast Encryption Routine
In cryptography, SAFER (Secure and Fast Encryption Routine) is the name of a family of block ciphers designed primarily by James Massey (one of the designers of IDEA) on behalf of Cylink Corporation. Its first variant was published in 1993, and other variants were published until about 2000. The early  SAFER K and SAFER SK designs share the same encryption function, but differ in the number of rounds and the key schedule. More recent versions – SAFER+ and SAFER++ – were submitted as candidates to the AES process in 1998 and the NESSIE project in 2000, respectively. All of the algorithms in the SAFER family are unpatented and available for unrestricted use.
James Sherlock
James Sherlock is an Irish conductor and pianist.

He read music at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was organ scholar.  He continued music studies at the Guildhall School of Music & Drama with Joan Havill and Conducting at the Sibelius Academy with Sakari Oramo and Jorma Panula.

Beginning his career as a pianist and specialist with early keyboards, since 2018 Sherlock has conducted many orchestras across Northern Europe and was for several years a permanent guest conductor with the English Chamber Orchestra. He has accompanied numerous international vocal artists. His Carnegie Hall debut was in January 2014.

In November 2016, Sherlock was the victim of a street attack in London.  The injuries from the assault required reconstructive facial surgery.

Sibelius Academy
The Sibelius Academy (Finnish: Taideyliopiston Sibelius-Akatemia, Swedish: Sibelius-Akademin vid Konstuniversitetet) is part of the University of the Arts Helsinki and a university-level music school which operates in Helsinki and Kuopio, Finland. It also has an adult education centre in Järvenpää and a training centre in Seinäjoki. The Academy is the only music university in Finland. It is among the biggest European music universities with roughly 1,400 enrolled students. In 2022, the Sibelius Academy was ranked 22nd globally in the field of performing arts by the QS World University Rankings by Subject.

The Sibelius Academy is the organizer of the International Maj Lind Piano Competition and one of the organizers of the International Jean Sibelius Violin Competition held every five years in Helsinki.
Tongyeong International Music Festival
Tongyeong International Music Festival (TIMF; Korean: 통영국제음악제) is an annual music festival held in Tongyeong, South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. Considering the classification between ethnic and artistic categories, TIMF may be classified into one of Korea's leading arts and music festivals which is specialized in western music, i.e. with a variety of style and genre, such as contemporary, early(baroque), classical, romantic, traditional, symphonic, chamber or ensemble, operatic or music theater. In spite of its various appetite for genre, TIMF is usually known as being strong in contemporary program of western style music. The artistic director (from 2022 onwards) is the composer Unsuk Chin.

Munich Chamber Orchestra
The Munich Chamber Orchestra (German: Münchener Kammerorchester, or MKO) is a German chamber orchestra based in Munich. Its primary concert venue is the Prinzregententheater, Munich. The MKO also gives concerts in Munich at such venues as the Pinakothek der Moderne and the Schwere Reiter, and at the Muffathalle during the Munich Biennale.
Sir Alfred T. Goshorn House
The Sir Alfred T. Goshorn House is a historic residence in the Clifton neighborhood of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. Designed by a leading Cincinnati architect for an internationally prominent businessman, the stone house was named a historic site in the 1970s.

Historic site
A historic site or heritage site is an official location where pieces of political, military, cultural, or social history have been preserved due to their cultural heritage value. Historic sites are usually protected by law, and many have been recognized with official historic status. A historic site may be any building, landscape, site or structure that is of local, regional, national, or global significance. Usually this also means the site must be at least 50 years or older.
1984 NCAA Division II soccer tournament
The 1984 NCAA Division II Soccer Championship was the 13th annual tournament held by the NCAA to determine the top men's Division II college soccer program in the United States.

Florida International defeated defending champions Seattle Pacific in the final, 1–0 (after one overtime period), to win their second Division II national title. The Golden Panthers (14-4-3), who previously won in 1982, were coached by former NFL player Karl Kremser.

The final match was played on December 8 at Memorial Stadium in Seattle, Washington.

Karl Kremser
Karl Friedrich Kremser (born 3 August 1945) is a German American former football placekicker for the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League (NFL) and retired college soccer coach from Florida International University. He played college soccer for the United States Military Academy and college football for the University of Tennessee. He was chosen by the Miami Dolphins in the fifth round of the 1969 NFL/AFL draft.
Inner-City Games
The Inner-City Games were founded by Daniel Hernandez of the Hollenbeck Youth Center in 1991 as a way to build self-confidence, self-reliance, and camaraderie among inner-city youth. The Games began in East Los Angeles with more than 40,000 youths competing in athletic and academic competitions. In the wake of the LA riots in 1992, Hernandez envisioned the Games expanding citywide and engaged Arnold Schwarzenegger to be the Games' executive commissioner.

In 1995, the National Inner-City Games Foundation was established, having expanded to 15 cities across the United States and involved more than one million young people across the country. In 2003, the Inner-City Games was renamed to After-School All-Stars, but in Los Angeles they remained the Inner-City Games.

Confidence
Confidence is the feeling of belief or trust that a person or thing is reliable. Self-confidence is trust in oneself. Self-confidence involves a positive belief that one can generally accomplish what one wishes to do in the future. Self-confidence is not the same as self-esteem, which is an evaluation of one's worth. Self-confidence is related to self-efficacy—belief in one's ability to accomplish a specific task or goal. Confidence can be a self-fulfilling prophecy, as those without it may fail because they lack it, and those with it may succeed because they have it rather than because of an innate ability or skill.
Miss Nepal 2003
Dabur Vatika Miss Nepal 2003, the 9th Miss Nepal beauty contest, was held on September 13, 2003, at the Birendra International Conference Convention Centre in Nepal. It was won by Priti Sitoula, of Kathmandu.

The show was broadcast live by Nepal Television but suffered from minor technical glitches.

The contestants were supported by fashion designer groups INIFD, NEFT, Lakhotia and others. The event differed from previous pageants in that it featured modifications of Nepal's traditional ethnic dresses. Designs from INIFD (International Institute of Fashion Design) were judged to be better than the dresses from competing designers.

Namrata Shrestha hosted the show. The Winner of Miss Nepal 2003, Priti Sitoula, represented Nepal in the Miss World 2003 pageant in Sanya, China. The 1st runner up, Prerana Shah, represented Nepal in the Miss Asia Pacific 2003.

Nepal Television
Nepal Television (Nepali: नेपाल टेलिभिजन), shortened to NTV is the Nepali national public state-controlled television broadcaster. It's accessible in four languages. It is the oldest and most watched television channel in Nepal. The news broadcast at 8:00 PM is the channel's most popular show, followed by comedy programmes such as Sakkigoni, Mundre Ko Comedy Club and Meri Bassai.

It also has four sister channels, NTV PLUS, NTV News, NTV Kohalpur and NTV Itahari, all owned by the Nepali government. The network started broadcasting in HD from 31 January 2019.

Several attempts are being made by media stakeholders to convert and transform NTV into a truly public broadcasting entity. NTV, being currently owned by the government, has lost its editorial independence and is accused of being a government mouthpiece. Nir Shah was the first chairman.

The iconic logo of Nepal Television was designed by artist Deepak Kumar Joshi.
Gymnastics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Men's artistic team all-around
These are the results of the men's team all-around competition, one of eight events for male competitors in artistic gymnastics at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.  The compulsory and optional rounds took place on July 29 and 31 at UCLA’s Pauley Pavilion.

Pauley Pavilion
The Edwin W. Pauley Pavilion, commonly known as Pauley Pavilion, is an indoor arena located in the Westwood Village district of Los Angeles, California, on the campus of UCLA. It is home to the UCLA Bruins men's and women's basketball teams. The men's and women's volleyball and women's gymnastics teams also compete here. All teams, except for the men's volleyball team, compete in the Big Ten Conference.

The building, designed by architect Welton Becket, was dedicated in June 1965, named for University of California Regent Edwin W. Pauley, who had matched the alumni contributions. Pauley donated almost one fifth of the more than $5 million spent in constructing the arena. The arena was renovated in 2010–12 and was reopened on November 9, 2012, when it hosted a men's basketball game against Indiana State.
Afrophone philosophy
Afrophone philosophy refers to the use of African languages to express and elaborate philosophical ideas, critiques and analysis, establishing a distinct dimension of African philosophy from the academically prevalent use of European languages introduced during the colonial period. Beyond the linguistic aspect, the concept has also been proposed as an alternative to the restrictions of previous projects of traditional, Indigenous philosophy, and ethnophilosophy. Contemporary Afrophone philosophies are profoundly inspired by the more mature development of written Afrophone literatures, as exemplified by Ngugi wa Thiong'o.

Studies of philosophical ideas in African languages have been focused on languages such as Swahili, Lingala, Shona, Ndebele, Bambara and Yoruba, among others.

Nguni languages
The Nguni languages are a group of Bantu languages spoken in southern Africa (mainly South Africa, Zimbabwe and Eswatini) by the Nguni people. Nguni languages include Xhosa, Ndebele, Swati, and Zulu. The appellation "Nguni" derives from their ancestor called Mnguni type. Ngoni (see below) is an older, or a shifted, variant. The Nguni languages are the indigenous languages of the subtropics of southern Africa.

It is sometimes argued that the use of Nguni as a generic label suggests a historical monolithic unity of the people in question, where in fact the situation may have been more complex. The linguistic use of the label (referring to a subgrouping of Bantu) is relatively stable.

From an English editorial perspective, the articles "a" and "an" are both used with "Nguni", but "a Nguni" is more frequent and more correct especially if "Nguni" is pronounced as it is suggested (/ŋˈɡuːni/).
Tom Sosnoff
Tom Sosnoff (born March 6, 1957) is an American entrepreneur, options trader and media personality who has helped popularise options and futures trading among retail investors. A former floor trader on the Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE), he co‑founded the online brokerage thinkorswim in 1999 and sold it to TD Ameritrade for about US$606 million in 2009; reports suggest he personally received roughly US$84 million from the sale. Sosnoff later co‑founded the trading network and brokerage tastytrade—later branded tastylive and tastytrade. In 2021 his company was acquired by IG Group for roughly US$1 billion. He has subsequently launched several ventures, including the dough trading platform, the Small Exchange futures market, the print magazine Luckbox and, in 2025, an AI‑driven salary‑valuation platform called Lossdog.

Option (finance)
In finance, an option is a contract which conveys to its owner, the holder, the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying asset or instrument at a specified strike price on or before a specified date, depending on the style of the option.

Options are typically acquired by purchase, as a form of compensation, or as part of a complex financial transaction. Thus, they are also a form of asset (or contingent liability) and have a valuation that may depend on a complex relationship between underlying asset price, time until expiration, market volatility, the risk-free rate of interest, and the strike price of the option.

Options may be traded between private parties in over-the-counter (OTC) transactions, or they may be exchange-traded in live, public markets in the form of standardized contracts.