hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Albert L. Marsh
Albert Marsh (August 16, 1877 – September 17, 1944) was an American metallurgist.  In 1905 he co-invented the first metallic alloy from which a high-resistance wire could be made that could be used as a durable and safe heating element. While working at Hoskins Manufacturing, the company of chemist, electrical engineer, inventor and entrepreneur William Hoskins (1862–1934) the two experimented for several years until the alloy was perfected. The material was patented that year as chromel, later and still today marketed as nichrome. For this invention, Marsh was acclaimed as "father of the electrical heating industry.".

Heating element
A heating element is a device used for conversion of electric energy into heat, consisting of a heating resistor and accessories. Heat is generated by the passage of electric current through a resistor through a process known as Joule heating. Heating elements are used in household appliances, industrial equipment, and scientific instruments enabling them to perform tasks such as cooking, warming, or maintaining specific temperatures higher than the ambient.

Heating elements may be used to transfer heat via conduction, convection, or radiation. They are different from devices that generate heat from electrical energy via the Peltier effect, and have no dependence on the direction of electrical current.
Andhra Pradesh Capital Region
Andhra Pradesh Capital Region (ISO: Āndhra Pradēś Rājadhāni Prāntaṁ) is the metropolitan area of the capital city of Andhra Pradesh in India. The region is spread across the districts of Krishna, Guntur, Palnadu, NTR, Bapatla and Eluru. It includes the major cities of Vijayawada and Guntur. Vijayawada is the largest city and headquarters of the region. It is one the most populated metropolitan areas in Andhra Pradesh. The region is under the jurisdiction of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region Development Authority and covers an area of 8,603 km2 (3,322 sq mi) under 58 mandals. The capital city Amaravati is an urban notified area and will cover 217.23 km2 (83.87 mi2), within the Andhra Pradesh Capital Region.

Krishna district
Krishna district is a district in the Coastal Andhra region in Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, with Machilipatnam as its administrative headquarters. It is surrounded on the East by Bay of Bengal, West by Guntur, Bapatla and North by Eluru and NTR districts and South again by Bay of Bengal.
Denison College of Secondary Education
Denison College of Secondary Education is a dual-campus government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in Bathurst, in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia.

Founded in 2007 through the amalgamation of Bathurst High School and Kelso High School, the college enrolled approximately 1,830 students in 2018, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom 13 percent identified as Indigenous Australians and six percent were from a language background other than English. The college is operated by the NSW Department of Education; and the college principal is Cathleen Compton.

Year 7
Year 7 is an educational year group in schools in many countries including England, Wales, Australia and New Zealand. It is the seventh full year (or eighth in Australia and England) of compulsory education and is roughly equivalent to grade 6 in the United States and Canada (or to grade 7 for the Australian Year 7). Children in this year are between 11 and 12.
Sikorsky CH-53K King Stallion
The Sikorsky CH-53K King Stallion (Sikorsky S-95) is a heavy-transport helicopter designed and produced by Sikorsky Aircraft. The King Stallion is an evolution of the long-running CH-53 series of helicopters that has been in continuous service since 1966, and features three up-rated 7,500 shp (5,590 kW) engines, new composite rotor blades, and a wider aircraft cabin than its predecessors. It is the largest and heaviest helicopter in the U.S. military.

The United States Marine Corps made plans to receive 200 helicopters at a total cost of $25 billion. Ground-test vehicle  testing started in April 2014; flight testing began with the maiden flight on 27 October 2015. In May 2018, the first CH-53K was delivered to the Marine Corps. On 22 April 2022, it was declared to have passed initial operational capability. Israel has also reportedly ordered the type; other potential export customers include Japan.

Turboshaft
A turboshaft engine is a form of gas turbine that is optimized to produce shaft horsepower rather than jet thrust. In concept, turboshaft engines are very similar to turbojets, with additional turbine expansion to extract heat energy from the exhaust and convert it into output shaft power. They are even more similar to turboprops, with only minor differences, and a single engine is often sold in both forms.

Turboshaft engines are commonly used in applications that require a sustained high power output, high reliability, small size, and light weight. These include helicopters, auxiliary power units, boats and ships, tanks, hovercraft, and stationary equipment.
Melicope jonesii
Melicope jonesii is a species of tree in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It has trifoliate leaves and greenish or cream-coloured flowers borne in short panicles in leaf axils.

Rutaceae
The Rutaceae (/ruːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.

Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from herbs to shrubs and large trees.

The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the orange (C. × sinensis), lemon (C. × limon), grapefruit (C. × paradisi), and lime (various). Boronia is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include Zanthoxylum, several species of which are cultivated for Sichuan pepper, Melicope, and Agathosma. The family Rutaceae contains about 160 genera.
Ultra Outlets of Medford
Ultra Outlets of Medford is an outlet center located in Medford, Minnesota about 55 miles south of the Minneapolis–Saint Paul, Minnesota Metropolitan Area (Twin Cities). Originally opened as Medford Outlet Center in 1991, it was the first outlet center to open in Minnesota. It includes retailers such as Old Navy, Eddie Bauer, Bath & Body Works, Maurices, Famous Footwear and a variety of local businesses. For a brief time the outlet center was known as Preferred Outlets of Medford until it  reverted to its original name in 2011. Since 2015, the center has lost a significant amount of National and regional tenants, and could be considered a ‘dead’ mall.

Famous Footwear
Famous Footwear is a nationwide chain of retail stores in the United States dealing in branded footwear, generally at prices discounted from manufacturer's suggested prices. The chain is a division of the St. Louis–based Caleres and had more than 1,125 stores in 2010.
AI: The Somnium Files – Nirvana Initiative
AI: The Somnium Files – Nirvana Initiative (/aɪ/ ⓘ EYE) is a 2022 visual novel adventure video game developed and published by Spike Chunsoft. It is a sequel to AI: The Somnium Files (2019) and follows an older Mizuki Date alongside a new playable protagonist Kuruto Ryuki as they investigate the "Half-Body Murders". Gameplay is presented in both visual novel format and third-person exploration for dream investigation sequences.

Writer Kotaro Uchikoshi returns to script the game and reunites with character designer Yūsuke Kozaki, while the first game's designer and assistant director Akira Okada took over as director.

The game was released for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One in June 2022 in Japan and North America, and July 2022 in Europe and Oceania.

Spike Chunsoft
Spike Chunsoft Co., Ltd. is a Japanese video game development and localization company specializing in role-playing video games, visual novels and adventure games. The company was founded in 1984 as Chunsoft Co., Ltd. and merged with Spike in 2012. It is owned by Dwango.

It created games such as the first five Dragon Quest installments and the Mystery Dungeon franchise as Chunsoft, and the Conception series as Spike Chunsoft. They also developed titles such as The Portopia Serial Murder Case, the Sound Novel series (consisting of Otogirisō, Kamaitachi no Yoru, Machi and 428: Shibuya Scramble) and the Zero Escape series as Chunsoft. Spike developed Danganronpa before the merger.
Is It Safe?
Is It Safe? is the second album from Ph.D., released in 1983. It was their last album until their 2009 comeback, Three. Is It Safe? was reissued by Voiceprint Records in 2010. Drummer Simon Philips had quit the band, which now consisted solely of Jim Diamond and Tony Hymas. The album's opening track, "I Didn't Know", failed to chart in Britain but was a hit across Europe.

Certain later pressings of the album feature the band's signature song, "I Won't Let You Down", at the end of side 1, which was originally released on their eponymous debut album.

"Fifth of May" was re-recorded for Three.

Voiceprint Records
Voiceprint Records was a British independent record label based in England, founded in November 1990 by Rob Ayling. They specialised in re-releasing old material, especially progressive rock, but also had new releases, under the Resurgence and Blueprint labels.

The holding company, Zeit Distribution Ltd., went into insolvency in 2010. It was replaced by the phoenix company, Gonzo Multimedia in 2010. The new company has a broader remit, and releases a much wider range of music.
Truncated tesseractic honeycomb
In four-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the truncated tesseractic honeycomb is a uniform  space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb) in Euclidean 4-space. It is constructed by a truncation of a tesseractic honeycomb creating truncated tesseracts, and adding new 16-cell facets at the original vertices.

16-cell
In geometry, the 16-cell is the regular convex 4-polytope (four-dimensional analogue of a Platonic solid) with Schläfli symbol {3,3,4}. It is one of the six regular convex 4-polytopes first described by the Swiss mathematician Ludwig Schläfli in the mid-19th century. It is also called C16, hexadecachoron, or hexdecahedroid [sic?].

It is the 4-dimensional member of an infinite family of polytopes called cross-polytopes, orthoplexes, or hyperoctahedrons which are analogous to the octahedron in three dimensions. It is Coxeter's  polytope. The dual polytope is the tesseract (4-cube), which it can be combined with to form a compound figure. The cells of the 16-cell are dual to the 16 vertices of the tesseract.
Staromodnaya komediya
Staromodnaya komediya (Russian: Старомодная комедия, lit. 'Old-fashioned comedy') is a Soviet full-length colour melodrama film. Released in 1978 by the Mosfilm studio, it was an adaptation of the play of the same name by Aleksei Arbuzov.

Alisa Freindlich
Alisa Brunovna Freindlich (born 8 December 1934) is a Russian actress. Since 1983, Freindlich has been a leading actress of the Bolshoi Drama Theater in Saint Petersburg, Russia. She was awarded the title of the People's Artist of the USSR in 1981.
Alejandro Aballay
Alejandro Aballay is an American biologist, currently Dean of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences. Aballay was Professor and Chair of the Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology at Oregon Health & Science University until 2024. Before that, Aballay was Professor and the Director of the Center for Host-Microbial Interactions at Duke University School of Medicine until 2017. In 2013, he was elected to the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
The  University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), is a joint venture of the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston) and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. It offers Ph.D. and M.S. degrees in many areas of study, and a M.D./Ph.D. program in collaboration with McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston, and it is fully accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools through both its parent institutions, UTHealth and MD Anderson. It is located in the heart of the Texas Medical Center, the largest medical complex and life sciences destination the world.
Aerinite
Aerinite (Ca4(Al,Fe,Mg)10Si12O35(OH)12CO3·12H2O) is a bluish-purple inosilicate mineral. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system and occurs as fibrous or compact masses and coatings. It has a dark, vitreous luster, a specific gravity of 2.48 and a Mohs hardness of 3.

It is a low-temperature hydrothermal phase occurring in zeolite facies alteration of  dolerites. Associated minerals include prehnite, scolecite and mesolite.

Its name comes from a Greek root "aerinos," meaning "atmosphere" or "sky blue". It was first described by Lasaulx (1876) from a specimen in the Wrocław museum that was obtained in Aragon, Spain. In 1882, the geologist Luis Mariano Vidal found the mineral in situ in Caserras del Castillo, a locality that currently belongs to the municipality of Estopiñán del Castillo, in Huesca (Spain).

Estopiñán del Castillo
Estopiñán del Castillo (Spanish: [estopiˈɲan del kasˈtiʎo]), in Ribagorçan: Estopanyà (Catalan: [astopaˈɲa]; in Aragonese: Estupinyán) is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 217 inhabitants.

In this municipality, the inhabitants speaks a variety transition of Catalan and Aragonese languages, called Ribagorçan.
Tomasz Józef Zamoyski
Tomasz Józef Zamoyski (1678–1725) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic).

Tomasz became the 5th Ordynat of Zamość estate. He was also starost of Płoskirów and Gródek and became a Royal Colonel. Zamoyski was painted by Louis de Silvestre and the portrait in now in the Zamosc Museum.

Louis de Silvestre
Louis de Silvestre (23 June 1675 – 11 April 1760), also known as Louis de Silvestre the Younger, was a French portrait and history painter. He was court painter to King Augustus II of Poland, and director of the Royal Academy of Arts in Dresden. He is sometimes called "the Younger" to distinguish him from his older brother Louis Silvestre the Elder, drawing-master to the Dauphin.
The Duel (Kuprin novel)
The Duel (Russian: Поединок; Poedinok) is a novel by Russian author Aleksandr Kuprin published in 1905. It is generally considered his best work; even though Kuprin's 1896 short story Moloch first made his name known as a writer it was The Duel (1905) which made him famous. Because of it "Kuprin was highly praised by fellow writers including Anton Chekhov, Maxim Gorky, Leonid Andreyev, Nobel Prize-winning Ivan Bunin" and Leo Tolstoy who acclaimed him a true successor to Chekhov.

Leonid Andreyev
Leonid Nikolaievich Andreyev (Russian: Леони́д Никола́евич Андре́ев, 21 August [O.S. 9 August] 1871 – 12 September 1919) was a Russian playwright, novelist and short-story writer, who is considered to be a father of Expressionism in Russian literature. He is regarded as one of the most talented and prolific representatives of the Silver Age literary period. Andreyev's style combines the elements of realist, naturalist, and symbolist schools in literature. Of his 25 plays, his 1915 play He Who Gets Slapped is regarded as his finest achievement.
Center Point, Pennsylvania
Center Point is an unincorporated community in Worcester Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States, at the junction of Routes 73 and 363. It is drained by the Zacharias Creek westward into the Skippack Creek, a tributary of the Perkiomen Creek. The community is served by the Methacton School District and by the Collegeville, Lansdale, and Norristown post offices, with the zip codes of 19426, 19446, and 19403, respectively.

Methacton School District
The Methacton School District (MSD) is a public school district located in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, in the Philadelphia metropolitan area. It is headquartered in the Farina Education Center in Worcester Township.
Launceston North and North Petherwin (electoral division)
Launceston North and North Petherwin (Cornish: Lannstevan North ha Peder Wynn) is an electoral division of Cornwall in the United Kingdom and returns one member to sit on Cornwall Council. The current Councillor is Adam Paynter, an Independent and the council's Deputy Leader.

Cornwall Council
Cornwall Council (Cornish: Konsel Kernow [ˈkɔn.sɛl ˈkɛrnɔʊ]), known between 1889 and 2009 as Cornwall County Council (Cornish: Konteth Konsel Kernow), is the local authority for the non-metropolitan county of Cornwall in South West England. Since 2009 it has been a unitary authority, having taken over district-level functions when the county’s districts were abolished. The non-metropolitan county of Cornwall is slightly smaller than the ceremonial county, which additionally includes the Isles of Scilly. The council's headquarters is Lys Kernow (also known as New County Hall) in Truro.

The council has been under no overall control since July 2024. Following the May 2025 election an administration of the Liberal Democrats and independents formed to run the council.
NASCAR rules and regulations
The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) makes and enforces numerous rules and regulations that transcend all racing series.

NASCAR issues a different rule book for each racing series; however, rule books are published exclusively for NASCAR members and are not made available to the public. Still, many of the rules, such as the scoring system, have been widely publicized both by NASCAR and the media.

Winston (cigarette)
Winston is an American brand of cigarettes, currently owned and manufactured by ITG Brands, subsidiary of Imperial Tobacco in the United States and by Japan Tobacco outside the U.S. The brand is named after the town where R. J. Reynolds started his business, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. As of 2017, Winston has the seventh-highest U.S. market share (2 percent) of all cigarette brands, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Maxwell Report.

This market share has been falling since 2003, when it peaked at 3.92 percent, although Winston has consistently been in the top 10 cigarette brands by U.S. market share since 2001, according to data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.
Whose Fist Is This Anyway?
Whose Fist Is This Anyway? is an EP by American metal band Prong. It consists of five remixes done by various artists, including Paul Raven who later replaced Troy Gregory on bass guitar, and JG Thirlwell of Foetus. The EP features a previously unreleased cover song titled "Talk Talk" (originally by The Music Machine).

JG Thirlwell
James George Thirlwell (born 29 January 1960), styled as JG Thirlwell and also known as Clint Ruin, Frank Want, and Foetus, among other pseudonyms, is an Australian musician, composer, and record producer known for juxtaposing a variety of different musical styles.
Markarian 177
Markarian 177 is a blue compact dwarf galaxy located 90,000,000 ly (28 Mpc) away, at the constellation of Ursa Major, in the bowl of the Big Dipper asterism.  It was discovered by the astronomer Benjamin Markarian.

Markarian 177 is a peculiar galaxy that is receding from us at a rate of 2425 km/s. It has a visual apparent size of 0.41×0.34 arcmin.

Peculiar galaxy
A peculiar galaxy is a galaxy of unusual size, shape, or composition. Between five and ten percent of known galaxies are categorized as peculiar. Astronomers have identified two types of peculiar galaxies: interacting galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGN).

When two galaxies come close to each other, their mutual gravitational forces can cause them to acquire highly irregular shapes. The terms 'peculiar galaxy' and 'interacting galaxy' have now become synonymous because the majority of peculiar galaxies attribute their forms to such gravitational forces.
Yuliya Lypetska
Yuliya Yevhenivna Lypetska (Ukrainian: Юлія Євгенівна Липецька; born 8 January 1986) is a Ukrainian para taekwondo practitioner who competes at international taekwondo competitions, she is a two-time World bronze medalist and a European silver medalist. She competed at the 2020 and 2024 Summer Paralympics.

Taekwondo at the 2024 Summer Paralympics
Taekwondo at the 2024 Summer Paralympics was held at the Grand Palais. This was the second time that taekwondo was included in the Summer Paralympic Games. There were 10 events in total (four more than in 2020).
Harri Anne Smith
Harri Anne Smith (born January 20, 1962) is a former independent member of the Alabama Senate, representing the 29th District from 1998 to 2018. She has been elected to five terms in the state senate and is also a former mayor of her hometown of Slocomb, in the Wiregrass Region.

Alabama Senate
32°22′36″N 86°17′56″W﻿ / ﻿32.37667°N 86.29889°W﻿ / 32.37667; -86.29889

The Alabama State Senate is the upper house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alabama. The body is composed of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, with each district containing at least 127,140 citizens. Similar to the lower house, the Alabama House of Representatives, the senate serves both without term limits and with a four-year term.

The Alabama State Senate meets at the State House in Montgomery.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the United States Senate, the senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions and boards.
Pyrgulopsis archimedis
Pyrgulopsis archimedis, commonly known as the archimedes pyrg, is a species of small freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic gastropod molluscs or micromolluscs in the family Hydrobiidae.

This species' natural habitat is rivers and lakes.  It is endemic to the Upper Klamath Lake and the uppermost portion of the Link River near Algoma, Oregon, United States.

Algoma, Oregon
Algoma is an unincorporated community on the east shore of Upper Klamath Lake, in Klamath County, Oregon, United States. The community is approximately 8 miles (13 km) north of the city of Klamath Falls on U.S. Route 97. Algoma was named for the Algoma Lumber Company.
2011 APRA Silver Scroll Awards
The 2011 APRA Silver Scroll Awards were held on Tuesday 13 September 2011 at the Auckland Town Hall, celebrating excellence in New Zealand songwriting. The Silver Scroll Award was presented to Dave Baxter of Avalanche City for the song "Love Love Love", and pop-rock band Hello Sailor were inducted into the New Zealand Music Hall of Fame.

Auckland Town Hall
The Auckland Town Hall is an Edwardian building on Queen Street in the Auckland CBD, New Zealand, known both for its original and ongoing use for administrative functions (such as Council meetings and hearings), as well as its famed Great Hall and separate Concert Chamber. Auckland Town Hall and its surrounding context is highly protected as a 'Category A' heritage site in the Auckland District Plan, registered by Heritage New Zealand as a Category I Historic Place.
Clarissa S. Williams
Clarissa Smith Williams (April 21, 1859 – March 8, 1930) was the sixth Relief Society General President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1921 to 1928. Williams was the first native of Utah to serve in this role.

Relief Society
The Relief Society is a philanthropic and educational women's organization of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). It was founded in 1842 in Nauvoo, Illinois, United States, and has more than 7 million members in over 188 countries and territories. The Relief Society is often referred to by the church and others as "one of the oldest and largest women's organizations in the world."