hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sukhwinder Singh Sangha
Sukhwinder Singh Sangha (3 February 1965 - 3 November 1990) was a Sikh militant (kharku), the head of a faction of Bhindranwale Tiger Force of Khalistan during the insurgency in Punjab, India.

Sangha was a popular Kharku, known for his help of civilians. He was awarded the title of the "20th-century Hari Singh Nalwa" by Damdami Taksal and other Sikh organizations (jathas).

Tarn Taran Sahib
Tarn Taran Sahib is a city in the Majha region of the state of Punjab, India. It is the district headquarters and hosts the municipal council of Tarn Taran district. Gurdwara Sri Tarn Taran Sahib, a prominent Sikh shrine, is located in the central part of the city.
Human Action (political action committee)
Human Action is a political action committee (a super-PAC specifically) set up to raise money for candidates that support an Austrian School economic philosophy. It filed papers with the Federal Election Commission in December 2012, and supports the campaigns of Senator Rand Paul and the judge and former Fox News Channel host Andrew Napolitano.

Anthony Astolfi, the organisation's co-founder, has said they intend to support a campaign for Senator Paul to run for president. Astolfi has previously worked on the presidential campaign for Ron Paul in 2008, as well as the Senate campaign of Todd Akin and House campaign of Markwayne Mullin in 2012.

The name is a reference to the book Human Action: A Treatise on Economics by the Austrian School economist Ludwig von Mises.

Rand Paul
Randal Howard Paul (born January 7, 1963) is an American politician serving as the junior United States senator from Kentucky since 2011. A member of the Republican Party, he is the chair of the Senate Homeland Security Committee.

Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Paul has described himself as a constitutional conservative and a supporter of the Tea Party movement.  His libertarian views have been compared to those of his father, three-time presidential candidate and 12-term U.S. representative from Texas, Ron Paul. Paul attended Baylor University and is a graduate of the Duke University School of Medicine. He was a practicing ophthalmologist in Bowling Green, Kentucky, from 1993 until his election to the U.S. Senate in 2010. He was re-elected in 2016 and won a third term in 2022. Paul was a candidate for the Republican nomination in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.
Modesto Faustini
Modesto Faustini (27 May 1839 – 1891) was an Italian painter.

Faustini was born in Brescia. He was initially trained as a carpenter in the orphanage of Brescia, but then was able to win a scholarship at the Brera Academy where he studied under Tosio Martinengo. In 1869, he was awarded a stipend from the Brescia Town Council and moved to Rome.

Faustini painted mostly religious scenes. His most prominent works are St Francis of Assisi (1877); The Love of the Angels (1875); and a painting of Saints Cecilia, Caterina and Lucia (c. 1863).

In Milan he painted two medallions under the portico of Palazzo Brera. His paintings are also present in the Pacheco Chapel in Buenos Aires and the Spanish Chapel in the Basilica of the Holy House in Loreto.

Faustini died in Rome in 1891.

Palazzo Brera
Palazzo Brera or Palazzo di Brera is a monumental palace in Milan, in Lombardy in northern Italy. It was a Jesuit college for two hundred years. It now houses several cultural institutions including the Accademia di Brera, the art academy of the city, and its gallery, the Pinacoteca di Brera; the Orto Botanico di Brera, a botanical garden; an observatory, the Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera; the Istituto Lombardo Accademia di Scienze e Lettere, a learned society; and an important library, the Biblioteca di Brera.
Beoley
Beoley is a small village and larger civil parish north of Redditch in the Bromsgrove District of Worcestershire. It adjoins Warwickshire to the east. The 2021 census gave a parish population of 984, mostly at Holt End. The parish includes the hamlet of Portway, adjacent to the A435 road. It adjoins the Redditch suburb of Church Hill and the civil parishes of Alvechurch, Tanworth-in-Arden, Mappleborough Green and Wythall.

Redditch
Redditch is a town and non-metropolitan district with borough status in Worcestershire, England. In 2021, the town had a population of 81,637 and the district had a population of 87,037. In the 1800s, it became a centre for the needle and fishing tackle industry; by the end of the century,
90% of the world's needles were manufactured in the town and its surrounding areas.

In the 1960s, it became part of the new town planning movement which included it expanding into neighbouring villages and hamlets surrounding the town. It is the second largest settlement in Worcestershire, after Worcester.
Floyd Cunningham
Floyd Timothy Cunningham (born September 22, 1954) is an American historian and ordained minister, who has been a global missionary in the Philippines for the Church of the Nazarene since 1983, who served as the fifth president of Asia-Pacific Nazarene Theological Seminary from July 1, 2008, until April 3, 2013. Cunningham serves currently as Distinguished Professor of the History of Christianity at APNTS, and is the author of Holiness Abroad: Nazarene Missions in Asia, the editor and co-author of Our Watchword & Song: The Centennial History of the Church of the Nazarene, and the author of dozens of articles in academic journals and magazines. Cunningham is a Life member of the Philippine National Historical Society, a member of the American Society of Church History, the Wesleyan Theological Society, and the American Historical Association since 1980.

Nazarene Theological Seminary
Nazarene Theological Seminary (NTS) is a Nazarene seminary in Kansas City, Missouri. The seminary was established by the Eleventh General Assembly in June 1944 and started its first school year in 1945 with 61 students. It moved to its current location in 1950. The seminary offers master's degrees in Divinity, Transformational Leadership, Black Leadership in Ministry, and Theological Studies as well as a Doctor of Ministry degree (D.Min.) and non-degree programs.

For the 2024-2025 academic year, NTS reported a total enrollment of 169 students—67 MDiv students, 24 MA students, and 73 DMin students. NTS enrollment has declined in the last five years, particularly in the master's programs. In the 2019-2020 school year, NTS reported 118 MDiv students, 50 MA students, and 52 DMin students, for a total of 220 students.
Henri Druey
Daniel-Henri Druey (French pronunciation: [danjɛl ɑ̃ʁi dʁyɛ]; 12 April 1799 – 29 March 1855) was a Swiss politician of the 19th century. He was a founding father of constitutional democracy and member of the Free Democratic Party in Switzerland.

Federal Department of Justice and Police
The Federal Department of Justice and Police (FDJP; German: Eidgenössisches Justiz- und Polizeidepartement; French: Département fédéral de justice et police; Italian: Dipartimento federale di giustizia e polizia; Romansh: Departament federal da giustia e poliziaⓘ) is one of the seven departments of the Swiss federal government, and is equivalent to a ministry of justice in other countries. As of 2024, it is headed by Federal Councillor Beat Jans. Until 1979, the department was known as the Department of Justice and Police.
The Fearsome Inn
The Fearsome Inn is a 1967 children's fantasy novel written by  Isaac Bashevis Singer and illustrated by Nonny Hogrogian. Set in rural Poland, three young women are forced to work at the titular inn as servants for the witch Doboshova and her half-man, half-devil husband Lapitut, who hex and torture travelers. One night, three young men arrive at the inn and are forced to protect themselves from the witchcraft of Doboshova and her husband. It is Singer's second book for children and second Newbery Honor book (1968), following Zlateh the Goat and Other Stories which was honored in 1967.

Isaac Bashevis Singer
Isaac Bashevis Singer (Yiddish: יצחק באַשעװיס זינגער; November 11, 1903 – July 24, 1991) was a Polish-born Jewish novelist, short-story writer, memoirist, essayist, and translator in the United States. Some of his works were adapted for the theater. He wrote and published first in Yiddish and later translated his own works into English with the help of editors and collaborators. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1978. A leading figure in the Yiddish literary movement, he was awarded two U.S. National Book Awards, one in Children's Literature for his memoir A Day of Pleasure: Stories of a Boy Growing Up in Warsaw (1970) and one in Fiction for his collection A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories (1974).
Book desert
A book desert is a geographic area (country, state, county, city, neighborhood, home) where printed books and other reading material are relatively hard to obtain, particularly without access to an automobile or other form of transportation. Some researchers have defined book deserts by linking them to poverty and low income, while others use a combination of factors that include census data, income, ethnicity, geography, language, and the number of books in a home.

The term "book desert" came into regular use in the mid-2010s when the social enterprise Unite for Literacy, coined the term.

Unite for Literacy suggests that planting and growing “Book Gardens” is one way to eradicate book deserts. Initiatives that increase the availability of books by such measures as bookmobiles and librarians on bicycles have been offered as possible solutions to book deserts, as have Little Free Libraries and offering children's literature available online, free of charge.

Little Free Library
Little Free Library is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that promotes neighborhood book exchanges, usually in the form of a public bookcase. More than 150,000 public book exchanges are registered with the organization and branded as Little Free Libraries. Through Little Free Libraries, present in 115 countries, millions of books are exchanged each year, with the aim of increasing access to books for readers of all ages and backgrounds. The Little Free Library nonprofit organization is based in St. Paul, Minnesota, United States.
Samuel Whalley
Sir Samuel St. Swithin Burden Whalley (15 July 1799 – 3 February 1883) was a British Radical politician.

Born into a Lancashire family "of great antiquity", he was the son of Samuel Whalley of Weddington Hall, Warwickshire, and was educated at Clare Hall, Cambridge, gaining his bachelor's degree in 1822 and master's in 1825. In 1827 he was knighted, at which date he was living in Devon.

Clare Hall, Cambridge
Clare Hall is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Founded in 1966 by Clare College, Clare Hall is a college for advanced study, admitting only postgraduate students alongside postdoctoral researchers and fellows. It was established to serve as an Institute of Advanced Studies and has slowly grown and developed into a full constituent college. It is a registered charity.

Clare Hall is one of the smallest colleges with around 250 graduate students, but around 125 fellows, making it the highest ratio of fellows to students at the University of Cambridge. Notwithstanding its small size, the college is also notable for its high number of Nobel laureate affiliates. Clare Hall maintains many Cambridge traditions, including formal halls and the tutorial system.
Optimus Maximus keyboard
The Optimus Maximus keyboard, previously just "Optimus keyboard", is a keyboard developed by the Art. Lebedev Studio, a Russian design studio headed by Artemy Lebedev. Each of its keys is a display which can dynamically change to adapt to the keyboard layout in use or to show the function of the key. It was launched initially in 2007 and is no longer available to new orders.

E Ink
E Ink (electronic ink) is a brand of electronic paper (e-paper) display technology commercialized by the E Ink Corporation, which was co-founded in 1997 by MIT undergraduates JD Albert and Barrett Comiskey, MIT Media Lab professor Joseph Jacobson, Jerome Rubin and Russ Wilcox.

It is available in grayscale and color and is used in mobile devices such as e-readers, digital signage, smartwatches, mobile phones, electronic shelf labels and architecture panels.
Rikki Ferguson
Rikki Ferguson (born 8 August 1956) is a Scottish former professional footballer who played for most of his career at Hamilton Academical, playing as a goalkeeper. He also had short spells at Bellfield, Greenock Morton, Partick Thistle and Queen of the South.

Greenock Morton F.C.
Greenock Morton Football Club is a Scottish professional football club, which plays in the Scottish Championship. The club was founded as Morton Football Club in 1874, making it one of the oldest Scottish clubs. Morton was renamed Greenock Morton in 1994 to celebrate the links with its home town of Greenock.

Morton won the Scottish Cup in 1922, and achieved its highest league finish in 1916–17, as runners-up to champions Celtic. Morton holds the record for the most promotions to and relegations from the top flight (10 promotions and 10 relegations), but has not competed in the top flight of the Scottish football league system since 1988. In 2014–15, Morton won its tenth league title in all divisions by winning the Scottish League One championship on the final day.
Central Vermont 220
44°22′28″N 73°14′00″W﻿ / ﻿44.37444°N 73.23333°W﻿ / 44.37444; -73.23333

Central Vermont 220 is a preserved 4-6-0 "Ten-wheeler" type steam locomotive, built in February 1915 by the American Locomotive Company's (ALCO) Schenectady Works for the Central Vermont Railway (CV). It is preserved inside an exhibition building at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont on static display.

Shelburne, Vermont
Shelburne is a town in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. Located along the shores of Lake Champlain, Shelburne's town center lies approximately 7 miles (11 km) south of the city center of Burlington, the most populous city in the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population of Shelburne was 7,717.

The main settlement of Shelburne in the center of town is a census-designated place (CDP), with a population of 6,178 at the 2020 census. Shelburne municipality has the highest median income in both Chittenden County and the Burlington metropolitan area.
Tompkins Square Park
Tompkins Square Park is a 10.5-acre (4.2 ha) public park in the Alphabet City portion of East Village, Manhattan, New York City. The square-shaped park, bounded on the north by East 10th Street, on the east by Avenue B, on the south by East 7th Street, and on the west by Avenue A, is abutted by St. Marks Place to the west. The park opened in 1834 and is named for Daniel D. Tompkins, Vice President of the United States.

East River
The East River is a saltwater tidal estuary or strait in New York City. The waterway, which is not a river despite its name, connects Upper New York Bay on its south end to Long Island Sound on its north end. It separates Long Island, with the boroughs of Brooklyn and Queens, from Manhattan Island, and from the Bronx on the North American mainland.

Because of its connection to Long Island Sound, the East River was once also known as the Sound River. The tidal strait changes its direction of flow regularly, and is subject to strong fluctuations in its current, which are accentuated by its narrowness and variety of depths. The waterway is navigable for its entire length of 16 miles (26 km), and was historically the center of maritime activities in the city.
Stateburg Historic District
The Stateburg Historic District is a historic district in Stateburg, in the High Hills of Santee area near Sumter, 
South Carolina in the United States. It includes two National Historic Landmarks, Borough House Plantation and the Church of the Holy Cross,  and at least eight contributing properties within its boundaries. On February 24, 1971, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. The historic district extends north and east of the town of Stateburg as far north as Meeting House Road and as far east as South Carolina Highway 441, covering an area of 5,066 acres (20.50 km2).

South Carolina Highway 441
South Carolina Highway 441 (SC 441) is a 26.280-mile-long (42.294 km) state highway in the U.S. state of South Carolina. The highway connects the Sumter area in Sumter County with rural areas of Lee County.
P'isaqa
P'isaqa (Aymara and Quechua for Nothoprocta, a bird, also spelled Phisaca) is a mountain east of the Apolobamba mountain range in the Andes of Bolivia, about 4,640 metres (15,223 ft) high. It is located in the La Paz Department, Franz Tamayo Province, Pelechuco Municipality. P'isaqa lies north of the little town of Pelechuco, southeast of Rit'i Apachita and east of Puka Puka.

Franz Tamayo Province
Franz Tamayo is a province in the Bolivian department of La Paz.  It lies in the western part of the nation, and includes the Ulla Ulla National Reserve - which today is part of the Apolobamba Integrated Management Natural Area - in the high Andean plain on the western border with Peru. Its capital is Apolo.

The province was founded with the name Caupollcán on January 23, 1826. On December 20, 1967 the name was changed in honor of the Bolivian intellectual, writer and politician Franz Tamayo (1878–1956).
The Entertainment Quarter
The Entertainment Quarter is an entertainment precinct in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, Australia. The Entertainment Quarter sits beside Disney Studios Australia in the suburb of Moore Park, three kilometres south-east of the Sydney central business district.

Located next to the Sydney Cricket Ground and Sydney Football Stadium, and Disney Studios Australia (previously Fox Studios) which is home to over 50 film and TV studios located just a gate away – shooting everything from major motion pictures, to local film and TV productions.

Inside the Entertainment Quarter is the Hordern Pavilion - home to Live music and events for over 25 years. Also a live venue known as Liberty Hall (previously Max Watts).

Hoyts
The Hoyts Group of companies in Australia and New Zealand includes Hoyts Cinemas, a cinema chain, and Val Morgan, which sells advertising on cinema screens and digital billboards.

The company was established by dentist Arthur Russell in Melbourne, Victoria in 1908, showing films in a hired hall. After expansion into other states and several changes of ownership, the majority of Hoyts was acquired by a Chinese conglomerate, the Wanda Group, in 2015. As of 2022, Hoyts owned 46 multiplexes housing 412 screens, making it Australia's second largest movie exhibitor after Event Cinemas.
Call signs in Oceania
Call signs in Oceania are currently voluntary in Australia radio and TV station, and were previously compulsory in New Zealand. In both countries, stations like 2GB and Newstalk ZB continue to use parts of the call signs in their branding.

The International Telecommunication Union has assigned countries in the Oceania the following call sign blocks for all radio communication, broadcasting or transmission:

Newstalk ZB
Newstalk ZB is a nationwide New Zealand talk-radio network operated by NZME Radio. It is available in almost every radio market area in New Zealand, and has news reporters based in many of them. In addition to talkback, the network also broadcasts news, interviews, music, and sports. The network's hosts include Mike Hosking, Kerre Woodham, Matt Heath, Tyler Adams, Heather du Plessis-Allan, Marcus Lush, Andrew Dickens, Jack Tame and Francesca Rudkin. Wellington and Christchurch have a local morning show.

Newstalk ZB operates one of the largest news operations in New Zealand, with over 50 newsreaders, reporters and editors nationwide. It operates a news centre in Auckland, news hubs in Wellington, Christchurch and Parliament, and regional newsrooms in Whangārei, Hamilton, Tauranga, Rotorua, Taupō, New Plymouth, Napier, Palmerston North, Nelson, Dunedin and Invercargill. Most of Newstalk ZB's programming is produced in the NZME building in Auckland.
Structured kNN
Structured k-nearest neighbours (SkNN) is a machine learning algorithm that generalizes k-nearest neighbors (k-NN).
k-NN supports binary classification, multiclass classification, and regression, whereas SkNN allows training of a classifier for general structured output.

For instance, a data sample might be a natural language sentence, and the output could be an annotated parse tree. Training a classifier consists of showing many instances of ground truth sample-output pairs. After training, the SkNN model is able to predict the corresponding output for new, unseen sample instances; that is, given a natural language sentence, the classifier can produce the most likely parse tree.

Ground truth
Ground truth is information that is known to be real or true, provided by direct observation and measurement (i.e. empirical evidence) as opposed to information provided by inference. The term ground truth appeared in remote sensing literature as early as 1972, when NASA described it as essential "data about ... materials on the earth's surface" used to calibrate measurements. It was later adopted by the  statistical modeling and machine learning communities.
Tegler Building
The Tegler Building was a historic office building in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. When it was built in 1912, at 15,750 square metres, it was the largest building in western Canada. It was designated a historic resource in November 1981, but then in a motion from city council that designation was rescinded. The building was imploded on December 12, 1982.

Building implosion
Explosives demolition, also referred to as implosion, is a demolition method that involves the strategic placing of explosives and timing of its detonation so that a structure collapses on itself in a matter of seconds. It is used to safely destroy tall buildings, bridges, smokestacks, towers and tunnels. This is typically done to save time and money of what would otherwise be an extensive demolition process with conventional construction equipment, as well as to protect construction workers from infrastructure that is in severe disrepair.

The actual use of the term "implosion" to refer to the destruction of a building is a misnomer, as an actual implosion involves a structure being subjected to extreme external pressure, pushing it inwards in itself.
Steven Stosny
Steven Stosny is the founder of Compassion Power in suburban Washington, DC, and the author of several books on improving relationships. He has taught at the University of Maryland, and St. Mary's College of Maryland. Stosny argues that marriage counseling, psychotherapy, anger management, and abuser treatment often makes relationships worse because among other things, the therapists make women feel ashamed of their natural feelings of guilt; requiring a great many weekly one-hour sessions; and because in their efforts to build working alliances with reluctant male clients, counselors reinforce that the husband has been mostly right and the wife mostly wrong. Stosny argues, "Abuser groups fail because they focus on negative attitudes, rather than the core hurts that cause them."

Anger management
Anger management is a psycho-therapeutic program for anger prevention and control. It has been described as deploying anger successfully and effieciently.

Anger is frequently a result of frustration, or of feeling blocked or thwarted from something the subject feels is important. Anger can also be a defensive response to underlying fear or feelings of vulnerability or powerlessness. Anger management programs consider anger to be caused by an identifiable reason, which can be logically analyzed and addressed.