hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Duncan Hales
Duncan Alister Hales (22 November 1947 – 8 January 2024) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A three-quarter, Hales represented Canterbury, Manawatu and, briefly, Hawke's Bay at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, from 1972 to 1973. He played 27 matches for the All Blacks including four internationals.

After retiring from rugby, Hales studied in the United States to become a chiropractor. He died in the United Kingdom on 8 January 2024, at the age of 76.

Canterbury Rugby Football Union
The Canterbury Rugby Football Union (which is also referred to as Canterbury or CRFU) is the governing body for rugby union in a portion of the Canterbury region of New Zealand, and runs the Canterbury representative team. The Canterbury team has won the National Provincial Championship, Air New Zealand Cup, and the ITM Cup 14 times including a "six-peat" from 2008 to 2013 – with five in the National Provincial Championship, two in the Air New Zealand Cup, five in the ITM Cup and one in the Mitre 10 Cup. Their most recent victory was the 2017 Mitre 10 Cup. Canterbury also acts as a primary feeder to the Crusaders, who play in the Super Rugby competition.

The union also administers all club rugby within the region, including senior club rugby and school rugby. Canterbury has produced the most All Blacks of any New Zealand region, with Scott Barrett becoming Canterbury's 200th All Black in 2016.
Büttenrede
A Büttenrede lit. 'barrel speech' (also washtub speech, carnival speech) is a humorous speech, originating in the western German cultural tradition, that is given during carnival. It is usually given at carnival conventions, revue-like events organized by carnival societies. Büttenreden are often rhymed and are performed from a special lectern called a bütt (rhenish franconian/moselle franconian/colognian/rhinelandic for barrel, vessel) in a local German dialect. Over the last few decades, Büttenreden have also become more popular in eastern Germany, including at the Berlin carnival.

Colognian dialect
Colognian or Kölsch (pronounced [kœ̂lɧ], narrower [kœ̂ɫːʃ]ⓘ; full name Kölsch Platt) is a small set of very closely related dialects, or variants, of the Ripuarian group of dialects of the Central German group. These dialects are spoken in the area covered by the Archdiocese and former Electorate of Cologne reaching from Neuss in the north to just south of Bonn, west to Düren and east to Olpe in northwest Germany.
Lorenzo Ricci (athlete)
Lorenzo Ricci (born 13 May 1971 in Sarzana) is a Paralympic athlete from Italy competing mainly in category T11 sprint events.

Lorenzo competed in the 100m and 200m at both the 2000 and 2004 Summer Paralympics winning a gold medal in the T11 100m in 2000.  He also won a gold as part of the Italian 4 × 100 m for T13 in 2004.

Sarzana
Sarzana (Italian: [sarˈdzaːna], Emilian: [sarˈzana]; Ligurian: Sarzann-a) is a town, comune (municipality) and former short-lived Catholic bishopric in the Province of La Spezia, Liguria, Italy. It is 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of La Spezia, on the railway to Pisa, at the point where the railway to Parma diverges to the north. In 2023, it had a population of 21,786.
Julia Coleman (politician)
Julia Erin Coleman (née Schliesing; born December 19, 1991) is an American politician and member of the Minnesota Senate. A Republican, she has represented Carver County in the southwestern Twin Cities metropolitan area since 2021.

Carver County, Minnesota
Carver County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 106,922. Its county seat is Chaska. Carver County is named for explorer Jonathan Carver, who in 1766–67, traveled from Boston to the Minnesota River and wintered among the Sioux near the site of New Ulm. Carver County is part of the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Wirey Spindell
Wirey Spindell is a 1999 American comedy film directed by Eric Schaeffer. The film stars Schaeffer, Eric Mabius, Devin Matthews, Zane Adlum, Callie Thorne, Samantha Buck and John Doman.

Wirey Spindall premiered at the Boston Film Festival on September 8, 1999, and was released in the US on January 21, 2000. It received negative reviews from critics.

Boston Film Festival
Boston Film Festival (BFF) is an annual film festival held in Boston in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. It has been held annually since 1984, usually in early September.

The Boston Film Festival premiered such notable films as The Last Kiss, A Guide to Recognizing Your Saints, Renaissance, Deliver Us From Evil, Jesus Camp, The Ground Truth, The US vs. John Lennon, A Desperate Crossing, Kiss Kiss Bang Bang, Prime, North Country, and How to Start a Revolution.
Raworth
Raworth is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Raworth (1882–1967), electrical engineer to the Southern Railway (Great Britain) in the 1940s

Kate Raworth (born 1970), British economist

Sophie Raworth (born 1968), English newsreader and journalist

Tom Raworth (1938–2017), British poet and visual artist

Kate Raworth
Kate Raworth (born 13 December 1970) is an English economist known for "doughnut economics", an economic model that balances between essential human needs and planetary boundaries. Raworth is senior associate at Oxford University’s Environmental Change Institute and a Professor of Practice at Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences.
Jane Meutas
Jane Meutas (or Mewtas, or Mewtis, or Meautis, or Meautys) (c. 1517 – c. 1551) was an English lady of the Queen's privy chamber who became the wife of the courtier Peter Meutas. Her name is sometimes given as Joan, and her maiden name was Astley or Ashley. Her husband was knighted on 18 May 1544, when she became Lady Meutas. She is the subject of a portrait sketch by Hans Holbein the Younger which is believed to date from the 1530s and is in the Royal Collection.

Privy chamber
A privy chamber was the private apartment of a royal residence in England.

The Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber were noble-born servants to the Crown who would wait and attend on the King in private, as well as during various court activities, functions and entertainments. In addition, six of these gentlemen were appointed by the Lord Chamberlain, together with a peer, and the Master of the Ceremonies, to publicly attend to all foreign ambassadors. Their institution was owed to King Henry VII. As a singular mark of favour, they were empowered to execute the King's verbal command without producing any written order; their person and character being deemed sufficient authority.

Below Gentlemen in the hierarchy of the Privy Chamber were the Grooms of the Privy Chamber.
Postage stamps and postal history of Togo
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Togo.

Togo is a country in West Africa bordered by Ghana to the west, Benin to the east and Burkina Faso to the north. It extends south to the Gulf of Guinea, on which the capital Lomé is located. Togo covers an area of approximately 57,000 square kilometres (22,000 sq mi) with a population of approximately 6.7 million.

Gulf of Guinea
The Gulf of Guinea (French: Golfe de Guinée; Spanish: Golfo de Guinea; Portuguese: Golfo da Guiné) is the northeasternmost part of the tropical Atlantic Ocean from Cape Lopez in Gabon, north and west to Cape Palmas in Liberia. Null Island, defined as the intersection of the Equator and Prime Meridian (zero degrees latitude and longitude), is in the gulf.

Among the many rivers that drain into the Gulf of Guinea are the Niger and the Volta. The coastline on the gulf includes the Bight of Benin and the Bight of Bonny.
Sarcham-e Deh Harun
Sarcham-e Deh Harun (Persian: سرچم ده هارون, also Romanized as Sarcham-e Deh Hārūn) is a village in Boli Rural District, Chavar District, Ilam County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 102, in 21 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Buli Rural District
Buli Rural District (Persian: دهستان بولی) is in Buli District of Chavar County, Ilam province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Chaman-e Seyyed Mohammad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Ganjevan.
Self Help Serenade
Self Help Serenade is the debut album by American indie rock band Marjorie Fair, first released in the United Kingdom and Europe on May 31, 2004, and in the United States on July 19, 2005. The album was produced and mixed by Rob Schnapf, "Empty Room" was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, and the album features guest contributions from Jon Brion and Joey Waronker. "Empty Room" was not included on the UK pressings of the album.

"Empty Room" was featured in the One Tree Hill episode "An Attempt to Tip the Scales" (3.4).

The band were dropped from Capitol Records after the album's release, and the band did not release another album until 2016's I Am My Own Rainbow.

Tom Lord-Alge
Tom Lord-Alge (born January 17, 1962) is an American music engineer and mixer. He began his career at Unique Recording in New York. Subsequently, he was the resident mixer at what used to be known as "South Beach Studios", located on the ground floor of the Marlin Hotel.

Lord-Alge received two Grammy Awards for his work on Steve Winwood's Back in the High Life (1986), and Roll with It (1988), both winning in the 'Best Engineered Recording – Non-Classical' category. His third Grammy was for Santana's Supernatural (1999), which won Album of the Year. Lord-Alge has mixed records for U2, Simple Minds, The Rolling Stones, Pink, Peter Gabriel, OMD, Sarah McLachlan, Dave Matthews Band, Blink-182, Avril Lavigne, Hanson, Sum 41, Live, Manic Street Preachers, New Found Glory, Story of the Year and Marilyn Manson, The Moffatts, among others.
San Simeon Stakes
The San Simeon Stakes is a Grade III American Thoroughbred horse race for horses aged three years old or older over the distance of about six and one-half furlongs on the turf scheduled annually in March at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California.

Arcadia, California
Arcadia is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, located about 13 miles (21 km) northeast of downtown Los Angeles in the San Gabriel Valley and at the base of the San Gabriel Mountains. It contains a series of adjacent parks consisting of the Santa Anita Park racetrack, the Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden, and Arcadia County Park. The city had a population of 56,681 at the 2020 census. The city is named after Arcadia, Greece.
1977 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship final
The 1977 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship final was a hurling match that was played at Semple Stadium, Thurles on 9 October 1977 to determine the winners of the 1977 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship, the 14th season of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship, a tournament organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association for the champion teams of the four provinces of Ireland. The final was contested by Cork of Munster and Kilkenny of Leinster, with Kilkenny winning by 2-9 to 1-9.

The All-Ireland final between Cork and Kilkenny was their fourth championship meeting. Cork, appearing in their 9th final, were the reigning champions and were hoping to win their 8th title in 12 years. Kilkenny were appearing in their fourth successive final.

Kilkenny's All-Ireland victory was their third in four years. The victory installed them as second on the all-time roll of honour.

Provinces of Ireland
There are four provinces of Ireland: Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster. The Irish word for this territorial division, cúige, meaning "fifth part", suggests that there were once five, and at times Meath has been considered to be the fifth province. In the medieval period, however, there were often more than five. The number of provinces and their delineation fluctuated until 1610, when they were permanently set by the administration of James I. The provinces of Ireland no longer serve administrative or political purposes but function as historical and cultural entities.
Arogya Niketan (film)
Arogya Niketan is a Bengali drama film directed by Bijoy Bose based on the same name novel of Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay. This film was released on 10 August 1967 under the banner of Aurora Film Corporation. This movie received the 15th National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Bengali.

Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay
Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay (23 July 1898 – 14 September 1971) was an Indian novelist who wrote in the Bengali language. He wrote 65 novels, 53-story-books, 12 plays, 4 essay-books, 4 autobiographies, 2 travel stories and composed several songs. He was awarded Rabindra Puraskar, Sahitya Akademi Award, Jnanpith Award, Padma Shri and Padma Bhushan. He was nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature in 1971 and posthumously nominated in 1972.
1993 Essex County Council election
The 1993 Essex County Council election took place on 6 May 1993 to elect members of Essex County Council in Essex, England. It was held on the same day as other local elections.

98 councillors were elected from various electoral divisions, which returned either one or two county councillors each by first-past-the-post voting for a four-year term of office.

Essex County Council
Essex County Council is the county council that governs the non-metropolitan county of Essex in England. The non-metropolitan county is smaller than the ceremonial county; the non-metropolitan county excludes Southend-on-Sea and Thurrock which are both administered as separate unitary authorities. The county council has 75 councillors, elected from 70 divisions, and has been under Conservative majority control since 2001. The council meets at County Hall in the centre of Chelmsford.
Migjeni
Millosh Gjergj Nikolla (Albanian pronunciation: [miˈɫoʃ ɟɛˈrɟ niˈkoɫa]; 13 October 1911 – 26 August 1938), commonly known by the acronym pen name Migjeni, was an Albanian poet and writer, considered one of the most important of the 20th century. After his death, he was recognized as one of the main influential writers of interwar Albanian literature.

Migjeni is considered to have shifted from revolutionary romanticism to critical realism during his lifetime. He wrote about the poverty of the years he lived in, with writings such as "Give Us This Day Our Daily Bread", "The Killing Beauty", "Forbidden Apple", "The Corn Legend", "Would You Like Some Charcoal?" etc., severely conveyed the indifference of the wealthy classes to the suffering of the people.

The proliferation of his creativity gained a special momentum after World War II, when the communist regime took over the full publication of works, which in the 1930s had been partially unpublished.

Critical realism (philosophy of perception)
In the philosophy of perception, critical realism is the theory that some of our sense-data (for example, those of primary qualities) can and do accurately represent external objects, properties, and events, while other of our sense-data (for example, those of secondary qualities and perceptual illusions) do not accurately represent any external objects, properties, and events. Put simply, critical realism highlights a mind-dependent aspect of the world that reaches to understand (and comes to an understanding of) the mind-independent world.
Ferraresi
Ferraresi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aldo Ferraresi (1902–1978), Italian classical violinist

Fabio Ferraresi (born 1979), Italian footballer

Jorge Ferraresi (born 1961), Argentine politician and engineer

Nahuel Ferraresi (born 1998), Argentine-Venezuelan footballer

Nahuel Ferraresi
Nahuel Adolfo Ferraresi Hernández (born 19 November 1998) is a Venezuelan professional footballer who plays as a centre-back or right-back for Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club São Paulo and the Venezuela national team.
Protein deacetylase
A protein deacetylase is any enzyme that removes acetyl groups from lysine amino acids in proteins.

The main ones are histone deacetylases (HDACs) and sirtuins (SIRT1,2,3,5).

Because histone proteins were the first known substrate for protein deacetylases, the latter all tend to be called HDACs of one class or another.

Human protein deacetylase enzymes have been categorized into

Class I (HDAC1,2,3,8);

Class II (HDAC4,5,6,7,9,10),

Class III (SIRT1,2,3,5,6),

Class IV (HDAC11 and its related enzymes).

Class III are the NAD+-dependent protein deacetylases.

Acetyl group
In organic chemistry, an acetyl group is a functional group denoted by the chemical formula −COCH3 and the structure −C(=O)−CH3. It is sometimes represented by the symbol Ac (not to be confused with the element actinium). In IUPAC nomenclature, an acetyl group is called an ethanoyl group.

An acetyl group contains a methyl group (−CH3) that is single-bonded to a carbonyl (C=O), making it an acyl group. The carbonyl center of an acyl radical has one non-bonded electron with which it forms a chemical bond to the remainder (denoted with the letter R) of the molecule.

The acetyl moiety is a component of many organic compounds, including acetic acid, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, acetyl-CoA, acetylcysteine, acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol), and acetylsalicylic acid (also known as aspirin).
Vera Auer
Vera Auer (later Vera Auer-Boucher) (April 20, 1919, Vienna – August 2, 1996, New York City) was an Austrian jazz accordionist and vibraphonist. She was the niece of Leopold Auer.

Auer learned classical piano but turned to jazz after beginning to play with Attila Zoller in the late 1940s. She formed her own band with Zoller which performed regularly on the Austrian radio station Österreichische Radioverkehrs AG in the early 1950s, then moved to Frankfurt in 1954. In Germany she played jazz festivals and accompanied Donald Byrd and Art Taylor. After relocating to the United States in 1960, she worked with Dave Burns, Ted Curson, J. J. Johnson, Cal Massey, Sonny Red, and Zoot Sims in the 1960s. In the 1970s and 1980s she played with Richard Williams, both as a side performer and with her own ensemble.

J. J. Johnson
J. J. Johnson (January 22, 1924 – February 4, 2001), born James Louis Johnson and also known as Jay Jay Johnson, was an American jazz trombonist, composer and arranger.

Johnson was one of the earliest trombonists to embrace bebop.
Precious Babes
Precious Babes (Chinese: 3个女人一个宝) is a Singaporean Chinese family drama produced by MatrixVision, revolving around the lives of three women who are childhood friends. It made its debut on Singapore's free-to-air channel, MediaCorp Channel 8 on 9 June 2010 and ended on 6 July 2010. It stars Ann Kok, Cynthia Koh, Eelyn Kok, Qi Yuwu, Zheng Geping & Alan Tern as the casts of the series. Consisting of 20 episodes, the drama was screened every weekday night at 9.00 pm. It is also a mid year blockbuster for 2010.

This drama made its rerun from 30 June 2011 and ended on 27 July 2011.

This drama is also imported on one of Malaysia's free-to-air channel, NTV7, weekdays at 6.00pm, made its debut on 6 June 2011 and ended on 1 July 2011.

NTV7
Natseven TV Sdn Bhd, operating as NTV7 is a Malaysian free-to-air television channel owned by Media Prima Berhad. The third private commercial TV station in Malaysia at the time of its launch, the network focused on the urban area with various types of programmes, dramas and news. As of October 2021, NTV7 is now become the second most-watched television station in Malaysia with about 15% of its viewing share, together with TV9, despite the declining viewership of 2 free-to-air television channels.
Cramp fasciculation syndrome
Cramp fasciculation syndrome (CFS) is a rare peripheral nerve hyperexcitability disorder. It is more severe than the related (and common) disorder known as benign fasciculation syndrome; it causes fasciculations, cramps, pain, fatigue, and muscle stiffness similar to those seen in neuromyotonia (another related condition). Patients with CFS, like those with neuromyotonia, may also experience paresthesias.
Most cases of cramp fasciculation syndrome are idiopathic, although some research points to an autoimmune component that may be partly genetic in etiology.
Cramp fasciculation syndrome is diagnosed by clinical examination and electromyography (EMG). Fasciculation is the only abnormality (if any) seen with EMG.
Cramp fasciculation syndrome is a chronic condition. Treatment options include anti-seizure medications such as carbamazepine, immunosuppressive drugs and plasmapheresis.

Electromyography
Electromyography (EMG) is a technique for evaluating and recording the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. EMG is performed using an instrument called an electromyograph to produce a record called an electromyogram. An electromyograph detects the electric potential generated by muscle cells when these cells are electrically or neurologically activated. The signals can be analyzed to detect abnormalities, activation level, or recruitment order, or to analyze the biomechanics of human or animal movement. Needle EMG is an electrodiagnostic medicine technique commonly used by neurologists. Surface EMG is a non-medical procedure used to assess muscle activation by several professionals, including physiotherapists, kinesiologists and biomedical engineers. In computer science, EMG is also used as middleware in gesture recognition towards allowing the input of physical action to a computer as a form of human-computer interaction.
Khamlung
Khamlung is a village development committee in the Himalayas of Taplejung District in the Province No. 1 of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 1517 people living in 319 individual households. There were 730 males and 787 females at the time of census.

The major famous place of Khamlung VDC are Sagfhara, Dovan, Tamor river, Maiwaa khola.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Andrew McCulloch (drummer)
Andrew McCulloch (born 19 November 1945, Bournemouth) is an English drummer who worked with Fields, Greenslade, Manfred Mann Chapter Three, Anthony Phillips, Peter Banks, the Crazy World of Arthur Brown and King Crimson in the 1970s before becoming a yachtmaster.

Anthony Phillips
Anthony Edwin Phillips (born 23 December 1951) is an English musician and composer who gained prominence as the original lead guitarist of the rock band Genesis, from 1967 to 1970. He left in July 1970 and learned to play more instruments, before he began a solo career. His departure from Genesis on the eve of the group's breakthrough to mainstream popularity has led him to be  dubbed "the Pete Best of progressive rock" (though unlike Best, Phillips left voluntarily).

Phillips released his first solo album, The Geese & the Ghost, in 1977. He continues to release solo material, including further solo albums, television and film music, collaborations with several artists, and compilation albums of his recordings.