hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bertram Wainer
Bertram Barney Wainer (30 December 1928 – 16 January 1987) was an Australian doctor who successfully campaigned for legal access to abortion for women in the state of Victoria. In the process he received multiple death threats from Victoria Police and survived at least three attempts on his life, including shootings and arson. He was also to uncover political and police corruption.

Victoria Police
Victoria Police is the primary law enforcement agency of the Australian state of Victoria. It was formed in 1853 and currently operates under the Victoria Police Act 2013.

As of June 2023, Victoria Police has 21,326 staff, comprising 15,842 police officers, 1,412 Protective Services Officers, 346 Police Custody Officers and 216 Police Recruits in training, 2 reservists and 3,507 Victorian Public Service (VPS) employees across 333 police stations. Victoria Police's budget for 2023–2024 is A$4.13 billion.

Between 31 July 2018 and 18 July 2019, Victoria Police recorded 514,398 offences, an increase of 1.5% from the previous year. Victoria Police also responded to 897,016 emergency calls, a reduction of 0.3% from previous year.
USS Kitty Hawk
Two ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Kitty Hawk (after Kitty Hawk, North Carolina):

USS Kitty Hawk (AKV-1) was a cargo ship and aircraft transport that served during World War II

USS Kitty Hawk (CV-63) is the lead ship of the Kitty Hawk-class aircraft carriers, and was in commission between 1961 and 2009

See also

Kitty Hawk was the name of the Command Module on Apollo 14

Kitty Hawk, North Carolina
Kitty Hawk is a town in Dare County, North Carolina, United States, located on Bodie Island within the state's Outer Banks. The population was 3,708 at the 2020 United States census. It was established in the early 18th century as Chickahawk.
78th United States Congress
The 78th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1943, to January 3, 1945, during the last two years of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1940 United States census.

Both chambers had a Democratic majority - albeit greatly reduced from the 77th Congress, with the Democrats losing their supermajority in the House and Senate. Along with President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Democrats maintained an overall federal government trifecta.

1940 United States census
The 1940 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 132,164,569, an increase of 7.6 percent over the 1930 population of 122,775,046 people. The census date of record was April 1, 1940.

A number of new questions were asked including where people were five years before, highest educational grade achieved, and information about wages.  This census introduced sampling techniques; one in 20 people were asked additional questions on the census form.  Other innovations included a field test of the census in 1939. This was the first census in which every state (48) had a population greater than 100,000, and the first census to also include a "long form" (sent to only a subset of the households) with additional questions about socioeconomic and housing characteristics (the "long form" would be used for last time in the 2000 census, being replaced by American Community Survey afterwards).
Road speed skating at the 1981 World Games
The road speed skating events of World Games I were held on August 1, 1981, in the vicinity of Marriott’s Great America amusement park in Santa Clara, California, in the United States. These were the first World Games, an international quadrennial multi-sport event, and were hosted by the city of Santa Clara. This was the first time that the marathon and half-marathon road events were conducted in international competition. Both events were held on the city streets of Santa Clara. Tom Peterson of the United States set an American record in winning the marathon.

Santa Clara, California
Santa Clara (/ˌsæntə ˈklærə/ SAN-tə KLAR-ə; Spanish for 'Saint Clare') is a city in Santa Clara County, California. The city's population was 127,647 at the 2020 census, making it the eighth-most populous city in the Bay Area. Located in the southern Bay Area, the city was founded by the Spanish in 1777 with the establishment of Mission Santa Clara de Asís under the leadership of Junípero Serra.

Santa Clara is located in the center of Silicon Valley and is home to the headquarters of companies such as Intel, Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), and Nvidia. It is also home to Santa Clara University, the oldest private university in California; Levi's Stadium, the home of the National Football League's San Francisco 49ers; and California's Great America amusement park. Santa Clara is bordered by San Jose on almost every side, except for Sunnyvale and Cupertino to the west.
Grand Kremlin Palace
The Grand Kremlin Palace (Russian: Большой Кремлёвский дворец, romanized: Bolshoy Kremlyovskiy dvorets) is a building in the Moscow Kremlin. For much of the 19th century, it served as the official residence of the Russian emperor in Moscow, which was not then the capital of the Russian Empire. Designed by a team of architects under the management of Konstantin Thon, architect of the Kremlin Armoury and the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, the palace was intended to emphasise the greatness of Russian autocracy.

The Grand Kremlin Palace serves as the official working residence of the president of Russia and also houses a museum.

Tsarist autocracy
Tsarist autocracy (Russian: царское самодержавие, romanized: tsarskoye samoderzhaviye), also called Tsarism, was an autocracy, a form of absolute monarchy in the Grand Duchy of Moscow and its successor states, the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire.[b] In it, the Tsar possessed in principle authority and wealth, with more power than constitutional monarchs counterbalanced by legislative authority, as well as a more religious authority than Western monarchs. The institution originated during the time of Ivan III (1462−1505) and
was limited with the introduction of constitution and national-level representative assembly (State Duma) after the 1905 Revolution. Still, the term continued to be applied to the monarchy in Russia until the Russian Revolution of 1917 by Russian revolutionaries and afterwards, in the Soviet Union.
British Army in Australia
From the late 1700s until the end of the 19th century, the British Empire established, expanded and maintained a number of colonies on the continent of Australia. These colonies included New South Wales, Van Diemen's Land, Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria and Queensland. Many of these were initially formed as penal settlements, and all were built on land occupied by Indigenous Australians. In order to keep the large number of transported convicts under control, enforce colonial law and fight the Australian frontier wars, British military elements, including the British Army, were deployed and garrisoned in Australia. From 1790 to 1870 over 30 different regiments of the British Army consisting of a combined total of around 20,000 soldiers were based in the Australian British colonies.

Penal colony
A penal colony or exile colony is a settlement used to exile prisoners and separate them from the general population by placing them in a remote location, often an island or distant colonial territory. Although the term can be used to refer to a correctional facility located in a remote location, it is more commonly used to refer to communities of prisoners overseen by wardens or governors having absolute authority.

Historically, penal colonies have often been used for penal labour in an economically underdeveloped part of a state's (usually colonial) territories, and on a far larger scale than a prison farm.
Gaelle Mys
Gaelle Mys (born 16 November 1991) is a Belgian artistic gymnast. The 2007 and 2008 senior all-around Belgian National Champion and the 2006 junior European bronze medalist on the floor exercise, Mys qualified as an individual to represent Belgium at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.

At the Olympics, Mys qualified for the all-around final with a total score of 57.150, a personal best. In the all-around competition, she placed 24th with a 53.90 score.

In July 2012, Mys was selected to replace an injured Julie Crocket as Belgium's representative at the 2012 Olympic Games in women's artistic gymnastics. This was her second Olympic Games. At the 2013 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, Mys finished 18th in the all-around.

She also participated at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

As well as three Olympic Games, Mys took part in five World Championships (2010, 2011, 2013, 2014 and 2015), the 2014 and 2016 European Championships and the 2015 European Games.

2010 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 2010 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships was held at the Rotterdam Ahoy indoor sporting arena in the Netherlands from 16 to 24 October 2010. In this year's championships, there was a total of 73 participating federations with 615 gymnasts (343 men and 272 women). 53 men's and 44 women's teams competed.
Hatyshche, Kharkiv Oblast
Hatyshche (Ukrainian: Гатище; Russian: Гатище) is a village in Chuhuiv Raion (district) in Kharkiv Oblast of eastern Ukraine, located 52.04 kilometres (32.34 mi) northeast of Kharkiv city. It belongs to Vovchansk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Kharkiv Oblast
Kharkiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Харківська область, romanized: Kharkivska oblast, Russian: Харьковская область, romanized: Kharkovskaya oblast), also referred to as Kharkivshchyna (Ukrainian: Харківщина), is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.

Kharkiv borders Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the southeast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the southwest, Poltava Oblast to the west, Sumy Oblast to the northwest and Russia's Belgorod Oblast to the north. Its area is 31,400 square kilometres (12,100 sq mi), or 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine.

The oblast is the third-most populous of Ukraine, with a population of 2,598,961 in 2021, more than half (1.42 million) of whom live in the city of Kharkiv, the oblast's administrative center.
George Sapsford
George Douglas Sapsford (10 March 1896 – 17 October 1970) was an English footballer. His regular position was as a forward. He was born in Higher Broughton, Salford, Lancashire. He played for Clarendon, Manchester United, Preston North End and Southport.

Broughton, Salford
Broughton is a suburb and district of Salford, Greater Manchester, England. Located on the east bank of the River Irwell, it is 1 mile (1.6 km) northwest of Manchester and 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Prestwich.

Historically in Lancashire, the former manor house, Broughton Hall, belonged to the Chethams and the Stanleys, both distinguished local families, and later passed, by marriage, to the Clowes family. Part of Broughton was amalgamated into the Municipal Borough of Salford in 1844, and the remaining area in 1853.

In the 21st century, parts of Lower Broughton and Higher Broughton have been redeveloped with a mixture of town houses and flats. Together with neighbouring Whitefield, Prestwich and Crumpsall, Broughton is home to a large Jewish community.
Humbug's Gulch
"Humbug's Gulch" is the third episode of the fifth season of the post-apocalyptic horror television series Fear the Walking Dead, which aired on AMC on June 19, 2019. The episode was written by Ashley Cardiff and directed by cast member Colman Domingo, marking the second episode he has directed for the series.

This episode marks the first appearance of Dwight portrayed by Austin Amelio, after his departure in season 8 from the original series. He is the second cast member from The Walking Dead after Lennie James to join the main cast of Fear the Walking Dead.

Austin Amelio
Austin Amelio (born April 27, 1988) is an American skateboarder and actor best known for his role as Dwight in The Walking Dead, its spin-off Fear the Walking Dead, and his role as Nesbit in Everybody Wants Some!!
2024 Girona Challenger – Doubles
Yuki Bhambri and Saketh Myneni were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Gonzalo Escobar and Aleksandr Nedovyesov won the title after defeating Jonathan Eysseric and Albano Olivetti 7–6(7–1), 6–4 in the final.

Yuki Bhambri
Yuki Bhambri (born 4 July 1992) is an Indian professional tennis player who currently specializes in doubles. He has an ATP career-high doubles ranking of world No. 18 achieved on 9 February 2026 and a career-high singles ranking of No. 83 achieved on 16 April 2018.

He is a former junior No. 1 and winner of the 2009 Australian Open Junior Championship. He is the first Indian to win the junior Australian Open title and the fourth Indian in history to capture a junior singles title at a Grand Slam championship. He represents India in the Davis Cup.
Gin Rummy (video game)
Gin Rummy is a video game adaptation of the classic card game on Xbox Live Arcade for the Xbox 360 published by Vivendi Games under their Sierra Online division and developed by Sierra Online Shanghai, which was formerly known as Studio Ch'in. It was released on September 3, 2008.

Gin rummy
Gin Rummy, or simply Gin, is a two-player card game variant of Rummy. It has enjoyed widespread popularity as both a social and a gambling game, especially during the mid twentieth century, and remains today one of the most widely played two-player card games.
Stephen Amankona
Stephen Amankona (born 30 March 2000) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as a forward or attacking midfielder for Smouha in the Egyptian Premier League. He is noted for being a consistent goal scorer in domestic football and has won the league's Golden Boot in consecutive seasons (2023–24 and 2024–25).

Smouha SC
Smouha Sporting Club (Arabic: نادي سموحة الرياضي), simply known as Smouha, is an Egyptian sports club and member’s club based in Alexandria. The club is mainly known for its professional football team, which currently plays in the Egyptian Premier League, the top tier of the Egyptian football league system.

It offers a wide range of sports including Basketball, and Modern Pentathlon, the sport where they most achieve medals and trophies.
Rolf Koschorrek
Rolf Koschorrek (17 June 1956 - 12 January 2020) was a German politician and a member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) party from 1983.

Koschorrek was born in Bad Bramstedt, West Germany. After studying Dentistry in Göttingen, he worked as a dental technician and dentist, becoming a politician in 1990. From 2005 until 2013 he was a member of the German Bundestag.  In 2013 Koschorrek was not re-nominated as a member of the Bundestag for his electoral district, apparently because of his many other commitments.

Koschorrek was the father of one daughter. He died in Berlin, aged 63.

Dental technician
A dental technician is a member of the dental team who, upon prescription from a dental clinician, constructs custom-made restorative and dental appliances.

There are four major disciplines within dental technology. These are fixed prosthesis including crowns, bridges and implants; removable prosthesis, including dentures and removable partial dentures; maxillofacial prosthesis, including ocular prosthesis and craniofacial prosthesis; and orthodontics and auxiliaries, including orthodontic appliances and mouthguards.

The dentist communicates with the dental technician with prescriptions, drawings, and measurements taken from the patient. The most important aspect of this is a dental impression into which the technician flows a gypsum dental stone to create a replica of the patient's anatomy known as a dental cast. A technician can then use this cast for the construction of custom appliances.
Barrancas Blancas
Barrancas Blancas is a peak in Chile with an elevation of 6,119 metres (20,075 ft) metres. Barrancas Blancas is within the following mountain ranges: Chilean Andes and Puna de Atacama. It is located within the territory of the Chilean province of Copiapo. Its slopes are within the administrative boundaries of the Chilean commune of Copiapo.

Puna de Atacama
The Puna de Atacama or Atacama Plateau is an arid high plateau, in the Andes of northern Chile (15%) and northwest of Argentina (85%). Geomorphologist Walther Penck based his Grossfalt landform association on Puna de Atacama.
Black & White (magazine)
Black & White: A Weekly Illustrated Record and Review was a British Victorian-era illustrated weekly periodical founded in 1891 by Charles Norris Williamson.  In 1912, it was incorporated with The Sphere.

The Sphere (newspaper)
The Sphere: An Illustrated Newspaper for the Home and, later, The Sphere: The Empire's Illustrated Weekly, was a British newspaper, published by London Illustrated Newspapers weekly from 27 January 1900 until the closure of the paper on 27 June 1964.
Betula murrayana
Betula murrayana commonly known as Murray birch, is a critically endangered species of small birch that is endemic to Washtenaw County, Michigan in the United States and St. Williams, Norfolk County, Ontario, in Canada.

Communities in Norfolk County, Ontario
Norfolk County in the Canadian province of Ontario consists of a long list of communities. Its four designated population centres are Simcoe, Port Dover, Delhi, and Waterford.

The population of the County at the time of the 2016 Census was 64,044. Of that number, 13,922 live in the community of Simcoe.

In the late 1900s, the county was merged with Haldimand County but the merged entity was dissolved in 2000 and this area became The Town of the County of Norfolk.
Eucalyptus acroleuca
Eucalyptus acroleuca, commonly known as the Lakefield coolibah, is a tree that is endemic to Cape York Peninsula in northern Australia. It has rough, tessellated bark near its base then smooth, white bark, lance-shaped leaves, oval to club-shaped buds with a hemispherical operculum and cup-shaped fruits.

Cape York Peninsula
The Cape York Peninsula is located in Far North Queensland, Australia. It is the largest wilderness in northern Australia. The land is mostly flat and about half of the area is used for grazing cattle. The relatively undisturbed eucalyptus-wooded savannahs, tropical rainforests and other types of habitat are now recognised and preserved for their global environmental significance. Although much of the peninsula remains pristine, with a diverse repertoire of endemic flora and fauna, some of its wildlife may be threatened by industry and overgrazing as well as introduced species and weeds.

The northernmost point of the peninsula is Cape York.
The land has been occupied by a number of Aboriginal Australian peoples for tens of thousands of years. In 1606, Dutch sailor Willem Janszoon on board the Duyfken was the first European to land in Australia, reaching the Cape York Peninsula.
Peony-class container ship
The Peony class is a series of 8 container ships built for COSCO SHIPPING Lines. The ships have a maximum theoretical capacity of 13,800 TEU. The ships were built by Shanghai Jiangnan Changxing Shipbuilding at their shipyard in Shanghai.

The ships were originally ordered by China Shipping Container Lines (CSCL) in 2015 at a total cost of 934.4 million USD.

Container ship
A container ship (also called boxship or spelled containership) is a cargo ship that carries all of its load in truck-size intermodal containers, in a technique called containerization. Container ships are a common means of commercial intermodal freight transport and now carry most seagoing non-bulk cargo.

Container ship capacity is measured in twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU). Typical loads are a mix of 20-foot (1-TEU) and 40-foot (2-TEU) ISO-standard containers, with the latter predominant.

Today, about 90% of non-bulk cargo worldwide is transported by container ships, the largest of which, from 2023 onward, can carry over 24,000 TEU.
Airport Transport Service
Airport Transport Service Co., Ltd. (東京空港交通株式会社, Tōkyō Kūkō Kōtsū Kabushiki-gaisha) is an airport bus operator in the Greater Tokyo Area of Japan. It is based at the Tokyo City Air Terminal (TCAT) in Chūō, Tokyo.

ATS operates scheduled service to and from the area's two major airports, Haneda Airport and Narita International Airport, operating over 660 buses per day to Narita and over 550 to Haneda. The company also operates scheduled service between TCAT and Tokyo Big Sight, and late-night services from Tokyo to Chiba Prefecture.

The company also operates bus charter services and on-airport transfer bus services.

Airport bus
An airport bus, or airport shuttle bus, alternatively simply airport shuttle or shuttle bus is a bus designed for transport of passengers to and from, or within airports. These vehicles will usually be equipped with larger luggage space, and incorporate special branding. They are also commonly (but not always) painted with bright colours to stand out among other airport vehicles and to be easily seen by the crews of taxiing aircraft when negotiating the aprons.

Airport buses have been in use since the 1960s, when nationalised operator British European Airways employed the archetypal London red AEC Routemaster buses in a blue and white livery with luggage trailers on service to Heathrow Airport.
Thomas Larke
Thomas Larke,  DCL was an English priest and academic in the 15th and early 16th centuries.

Larke held livings at Morborne and Kettering. Larke was Master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge from 1517 to 1525. He was Archdeacon of Sudbury from 1517 to 1522; and Archdeacon of Norwich from 1522 to 1528.

Kettering
Kettering is a market and industrial town in the North Northamptonshire district of Northamptonshire, England. It lies 45 miles (72 km) west of Cambridge, 31 miles (50 km) south-west of Peterborough, 28 miles (45 km) south-east of Leicester and 15 miles (24 km) north-east of Northampton; it is west of the River Ise, a tributary of the River Nene. The name means "the place (or territory) of Ketter's people (or kinsfolk)".

At the 2021 census, Kettering had a population of 63,150. It is part of the East Midlands, along with the rest of Northamptonshire.
Regulation of artificial intelligence
Regulation of artificial intelligence is the development of public sector policies and laws for promoting and regulating artificial intelligence (AI). The regulatory and policy landscape for AI is an emerging issue in jurisdictions worldwide, including for international organizations without direct enforcement power like the IEEE or the OECD.

Since 2016, numerous AI ethics guidelines have been published in order to maintain social control over the technology. Furthermore, organizations deploying AI have a central role to play in creating and implementing trustworthy AI, adhering to established principles, and taking accountability for mitigating risks. The European Union adopted in 2024 a common legal framework for AI with the AI Act.

AI Action Summit
The Artificial Intelligence (AI) Action Summit (French: Sommet pour l'action sur l'intelligence artificielle or Sommet pour l'action sur l'IA, SAIA) was held at the Grand Palais in Paris, France, from 10 to 11 February 2025. The summit was co-chaired by French President Emmanuel Macron and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.  The 2025 AI Action Summit followed the 2023 AI Safety Summit hosted at Bletchley Park in the UK, and the 2024 AI Seoul Summit in South Korea. This series of AI summits will continue with the AI Impact Summit in Delhi to be hosted by India in February 2026.

Whereas the 2023 AI Safety Summit was attended by representatives from 29 governments and executives from only a handful of AI companies, over 1,000 participants from more than 100 countries attended the 2025 Paris AI Summit, representing government leaders, international organisations, the academic and research community, the private sector, and civil society.