hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crescent Island
Crescent Island (54°1′S 37°19′W﻿ / ﻿54.017°S 37.317°W﻿ / -54.017; -37.317) is a small, roughly crescent-shaped island lying close south of Mollyhawk Island in the Bay of Isles, South Georgia. It was roughly charted in 1912–13 by Robert Cushman Murphy. It was surveyed and named in 1929–30 by Discovery Investigations personnel.

Discovery Investigations
The Discovery Investigations were a series of scientific cruises and shore-based investigations into the biology of whales in the Southern Ocean. They were funded by the British Colonial Office and organised by the Discovery Committee in London, which was formed in 1918. They were intended to provide the scientific background to stock management of the commercial Antarctic whale fishery.

Discovery Investigations contributed greatly to knowledge of the whales, the krill they fed on and their habitat's oceanography, while charting the local topography, including Atherton Peak. They continued until 1951, with the final report published in 1980.

Collected specimens are in the Discovery Collections.
Sam Hay (umpire)
Sam Hay is an Australian rules football field umpire in the Australian Football League.

Based in South Australia, Hay umpired the 2005, 2007 and 2008 South Australian National Football League (SANFL) Grand Finals. He made the AFL Senior Panel in 2009, umpiring his first AFL game in that year.

Hay also won the 2008 SANFL Golden Whistle, recognizing him as the best umpire in the state for that year.

Umpire (Australian rules football)
An umpire is an official in the sport of Australian rules football who enforces the rules as outlined in the "Laws of the Game", the official handbook of Australian Rules Football. Umpiring across all levels the AFL (professional, amateur or juniors) has a long history of abuse. In recent years, the AFL has taken steps to address and reduce this issue.
Ahmed Sheikh Jama
Ahmed Sheikh Jama (Somali: Axmed Sheekh Jaamac, Arabic: أحمد الشيخ جاما) was a Somali academic, writer, poet and politician. From 2009 to 2014, he served as the Minister of Information of Puntland under the Abdirahman Farole administration. Jama died on 9 July 2014 in Garowe after falling ill. Farole eulogized the late leader as a legendary poet, a role model for Puntland residents, and a patriot who devoted his life to public service.

Garoowe
Garowe (Somali: Garoowe, Arabic: غَاْرَّوْؤَيَ, Italian: Garoe) is the capital city of Puntland located in northeastern Somalia. It serves as the administrative center of the Nugal region and is known for its strategic importance. The city has experienced growth and development, hosting government institutions and providing essential services to its residents. Garowe is situated in a territory with a semi-arid climate, and its economy is influenced by trade, livestock, and agriculture.
Fis phenomenon
The fis phenomenon is a phenomenon during a child's language acquisition that demonstrates that perception of phonemes occurs earlier than a child's ability to produce the appropriate allophone. It is also illustrative of a larger theme in child language acquisition: that skills in linguistic comprehension generally precede corresponding skills in linguistic production. The name comes from an incident reported in 1960 by J. Berko and R. Brown, in which a child referred to his inflatable plastic fish as a fis. However, when adults asked him, "Is this your fis?" he rejected the statement. When he was asked, "Is this your fish?" he responded, "Yes, my fis." This shows that although the child could not produce the phoneme /ʃ/, he could perceive it as being different from the phoneme /s/. In some cases, the sounds produced by the child are actually acoustically different, but not significantly enough for others to distinguish since the language in question does not make such contrasts.

Sentence processing
Sentence processing takes place whenever a reader or listener processes a language utterance, either in isolation or in the context of a conversation or a text. Many studies of the human language comprehension process have focused on reading of single utterances (sentences) without context. Extensive research has shown that language comprehension is affected by context preceding a given utterance as well as many other factors.
Josep Ponsatí
Josep Ponsatí (born 1947 in Banyoles) is a Catalan artist, who lives and works in Porqueres (Girona). He was formed in Barcelona and later did stays in Paris and New York, and participated in activities and group events conceptualism of Catalonia in the late 1960s. He taught at the school EINA and is particularly known for his inflatable works which are markedly ephemeral and thoughtful about the concept of landscape.

Banyoles
Banyoles (Catalan pronunciation: [bəˈɲɔləs]) is a city of 20,168  inhabitants (2021) located in the province of Girona in northeastern Catalonia, Spain.

The town is the capital of the Catalan comarca "Pla de l'Estany".  Although an established industrial centre many of the inhabitants commute to the nearby city of Girona (12 km to the south).

Banyoles was connected to Girona by the 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) gauge Palamós–Girona–Banyoles railway, which reached it by 1928. Service on the line continued until 1956.
Peter Koch (wood scientist)
Peter Koch (October 15, 1920 – February 14, 1998) was an American engineer and wood scientist who was considered an expert in the field of wood technology by his peers. From 1963 to 1982, Koch led a team of US Forest Service scientists in forest products utilization research specific to forests of the southeastern US. Accomplishments by Koch and his research team included eight US patents plus hundreds of research publications.

United States patent law
Under United States law, a patent is a right granted to the inventor of a (1) process, machine, article of manufacture, or composition of matter, (2) that is new, useful, and non-obvious. A patent is the right to exclude others, for a limited time (usually, 20 years) from profiting from a patented technology without the consent of the patent holder. Specifically, it is the right to exclude others from: making, using, selling, offering for sale, importing, inducing others to infringe, applying for an FDA approval, and/or offering a product specially adapted for practice of the patent.
1908 Dalmatian parliamentary election
Parliamentary election were held in the Kingdom of Dalmatia on 26, 28 and 31 October 1908. They were the tenth and last to elect representatives to the Dalmatian parliament in Zadar, as World War I broke out before the end of the parliamentary term in 1915. The parliament was eventually abandoned and no new government was elected before Dalmatia became a part of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, and later the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

Diet of Dalmatia
The Diet of Dalmatia (Croatian: Dalmatinski sabor, Italian: Dieta della Dalmazia) was the regional assembly of the Kingdom of Dalmatia within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It was founded in Zadar in 1861 and last convened in 1912, before being formally dissolved in 1918, with the demise of the Empire.

Since the founding of the Dalmatian diet, the pro-Italian Autonomist Party held the parliamentary majority until 1870, when the (Croatian-Serbian) People's Party won the parliamentary election. Croatian then became the official language of the diet in 1883.
Little Dog
Little Dog can refer to:

Canis Minor, the constellation

Little Dog (TV series), a Canadian television comedy-drama series

LittleDog, a small quadruped robot developed by Boston Dynamics for research in 2010

Little Dog Mountain, in Montana

Little Dog Island, in Tasmania

Little Seal Dog Island, in the British Virgin Islands

"Little Dog", a song by Lou Reed and Metallica from Lulu

Little Seal Dog Island
Little Seal Dog Island (also known as West Seal Dog Island) is an uninhabited islet of the British Virgin Islands in the Caribbean.  It is located in a smaller sub-group of islands referred to as the Dog Islands, or more commonly, "The Dogs".  Other islets in The Dogs include Great Dog, East Seal Dog and George Dog, all of which are to the northwest of Virgin Gorda. The island is roughly 1.9 acres (0.8 ha).
Battle of Saradzhin (1664)
The Battle of Saradzhin or Saradzhin Ambush, also known as Battle of Gorodische took place between the Polish-Lithuanian-Crimean and Zaporozhian Cossack-Kalmyk forces in Saradzhinsky Forest, on July 1664.

Crimean Khanate
The Crimean Khanate, self-defined as the Throne of Crimea and Desht-i Kipchak, and in old European historiography and geography known as Little Tartary, was a Crimean Tatar state existing from 1441 to 1783. Established by Hacı I Giray in 1441.

In 1783, violating the 1774 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (which had guaranteed non-interference of both Russia and the Ottoman Empire in the affairs of the Crimean Khanate), the Russian Empire annexed the khanate. Among the European powers, only France came out with an open protest against this act, due to the longstanding Franco-Ottoman alliance.
Constantinian bronzes
In numismatics, the term Constantinian bronzes denotes the series of bronze coins issued in the Roman Empire in the middle of the 4th century. The specific denominations are unclear and debated by historians and numismatists. They are referred to as AE1, AE2, AE3, and AE4, with the former being the largest (near 27 mm) and the latter the smallest (averaging 15 mm) in diameter:

In November 2013, the largest hoard of Constantinian bronze coins was discovered in Devon, England. Called the Seaton Down Hoard, it consists of 22,000 coins, mostly Constantinian bronzes.

Numismatist
A numismatist is a specialist, researcher, and/or well-informed collector of numismatics/coins ("of coins"; from Late Latin numismatis, genitive of numisma). Numismatists can include collectors, specialist dealers, and scholar-researchers who use coins (and possibly, other currency) in object-based research. Although use of the term numismatics was first recorded in English in 1799, people had been collecting and studying coins long before then all over the world. The branch of numismatics that deals with the study and collection of paper currency and banknotes is called notaphily.
2024 Porto Women's Indoor ITF 3 – Doubles
Veronika Erjavec and Dominika Šalková were the defending champions but Šalková chose not to participate. Erjavec partnered alongside Irina Bara, but lost in the first round to Isabelle Haverlag and Anna Rogers.

Anna Bondár and Céline Naef won the title, defeating Francisca Jorge and Matilde Jorge in the final, 6–4, 3–6, [11–9].

Francisca Jorge
Francisca Jorge (born 21 April 2000) is a Portuguese tennis player.
She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of world No. 176, achieved on 15 July 2024, and best doubles ranking of No. 97, achieved on 18 May 2025.

Jorge has won seven titles in singles and 32 in doubles on the ITF Circuit.

Playing for Portugal Fed Cup team, she has won 23 and lost 19 rubbers in the 28 ties she has played since 2017.
Military training centers of civilian universities (Russia)
The military training center (Russian: военный учебный центр) is a division within a civilian university or other higher education institution, intended for training commissioned officers from among students in the Russian Federation. The abbreviation of military training center is MTC (Russian: ВУЦ).

Student
A student is a person enrolled in a school or other educational institution, or more generally, a person who takes a special interest in a subject.

In the United Kingdom and most commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary school or higher (e.g., college or university); those in primary or elementary schools are "pupils".
Strana.ua
Strana.ua is a Ukrainian online newspaper launched on 16 February 2016. It was founded by journalist Igor Guzhva, and is one of the most popular Ukrainian online media, being one of the top 5 most visited online newspapers in Ukraine.

The site is publishes daily news in two languages: Russian and Ukrainian, and includes articles with analytics on current events in Ukraine and the world via investigations and reports.

In August 2021, the newspaper's website was blocked in Ukraine by the decision of the National Security and Defence Council of Ukraine; since then, the edition in Ukraine has been working through website mirrors, as well as developing its YouTube and Telegram channels.

In 2022, following Russian invasion of Ukraine, the website was blocked in the Russian Federation by a decision of Roskomnadzor.

Radical Party of Oleh Liashko
The Radical Party of Oleh Liashko (Ukrainian: Радикальна партія Олега Ляшка, romanized: Radykal'na partiia Oleha Liashka; RPL), formerly known as the Ukrainian Radical-Democratic Party (Ukrainian: Українська радикально-демократична партія, romanized: Ukrainska radykalno-demokratychna partiia; URDP), is a political party in Ukraine. It was registered in September 2010. It was primarily known for its radical populism, especially in 2014, when it had its largest amount of support.

At the 2012 parliamentary election, the party had won 1 seat. The party won 22 seats at the 2014 parliamentary election. At the 2019 parliamentary election it lost all of its seats.
Honda PA50
The Honda PA50 is a moped produced by Honda Benelux between 1976 and 1991. It was marketed as the Honda Hobbit in the US and as the Honda Camino in the UK and Europe. The vehicle was manufactured at Honda's first factory outside Japan, located in Aalst, Belgium, until 1991. Though it has mostly disappeared from the streets of the US and the UK like most mopeds of similar type (e.g. Motobecane, Mobylette, and Puch Maxi), it remains very popular in Belgium, where it is often modified using high performance parts.

Puch Maxi
The Puch Maxi is a moped that was manufactured by the Austrian manufacturing company Puch through the 1970s and 1980s that is well known for its reliability, ease of maintenance, and fuel economy (up to 120 mpg). These mopeds gained wide acceptance during the 1973 oil crisis and are still widely available for aftermarkets, and mint examples are still valued by collectors today. It is started using a pedal start mechanism where the user provides the force needed to start the 48cc two stroke engine, or can be ridden like a bicycle when the engine is disengaged. The later models feature a kick start mechanism.
Piccolo Quintet
Piccolo Quintet is short for the Quintet op. 26 of Graham Waterhouse, composed in 1989 for piccolo and string quartet and published by Zimmermann in 2002 as Quintet for piccolo, 2 violins, viola and violoncello.

Quintet
A quintet is a group containing five members. It is commonly associated with musical groups, such as a string quintet, or a group of five singers, but can be applied to any situation where five similar or related objects are considered a single unit.
Sergei Tretyakov (intelligence officer)
Colonel Sergei Olegovich Tretyakov (Russian: Сергей Олегович Третьяков; 5 October 1956 – 13 June 2010) was a Russian SVR (foreign intelligence) officer, who defected to the United States in October 2000.

Defection
In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state in exchange for allegiance to another, changing sides in a way which is considered illegitimate by the first state. More broadly, defection involves abandoning a person, cause, or doctrine to which one is bound by some tie, as of allegiance or duty.

This term is also applied, often pejoratively, to anyone who switches loyalty to another religion, sports team, political party, or other rival faction. In that sense, the defector is often considered a traitor by their original side.
Inauguration of Iván Duque
Iván Duque's inauguration as the 33rd President of Colombia took place on Tuesday, August 7, 2018, marking the start of Iván Duque's four-year term as president and Marta Lucía Ramírez as vice president. 
The 31st presidential inauguration took place as usual in the central front of the National Capitol in Bogotá, D.C. Duque was sworn in as presidential oath, after which Ramírez was sworn in as vice president.

National Capitol of Colombia
The National Capitol of Colombia (Spanish: Capitolio Nacional de Colombia), often simply referred to as Capitolio Nacional (National Capitol), is a building on Plaza de Bolívar in central Bogotá, the construction of which began in 1848 and was finished in 1926. It houses both houses of the Congress of Colombia. It was designed by Thomas Reed.
Deaths in September 2023
The following is a list of notable deaths in September 2023.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourg)
The Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourgish: Chamber vun den Deputéierten or simply D'Chamber, French: Chambre des Députés, German: Abgeordnetenkammer), abbreviated to the Chamber, is the unicameral national legislature of Luxembourg. The metonym Krautmaart (French: Marché aux herbes, English: "Herb Market") is sometimes used for the Chamber, after the square on which the Hôtel de la Chambre is located.

The Chamber is made up of 60 seats. Deputies are elected to serve five-year terms by proportional representation in four multi-seat constituencies. Voters may vote for as many candidates as the constituency elects deputies.
Shablykino
Shablykino (Russian: Шаблыкино) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Shablykino, Oryol Oblast, an urban-type settlement in Shablykinsky District of Oryol Oblast

Rural localities

Shablykino, Kostroma Oblast, a village in Podolskoye Settlement of Krasnoselsky District of Kostroma Oblast

Shablykino, Istrinsky District, Moscow Oblast, a village in Novopetrovskoye Rural Settlement of Istrinsky District of Moscow Oblast

Shablykino, Pushkinsky District, Moscow Oblast, a village in Tsarevskoye Rural Settlement of Pushkinsky District of Moscow Oblast

Shablykino, Tver Oblast, a village in Ulyaninskoye Rural Settlement of Krasnokholmsky District of Tver Oblast

Shablykino, Tyumen Oblast, a selo in Shablykinsky Rural Okrug of Ishimsky District of Tyumen Oblast

Shablykino, Vladimir Oblast, a village in Alexandrovsky District of Vladimir Oblast

Alexandrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast
Alexandrovsky District (Russian: Алекса́ндровский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the sixteen in Vladimir Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,834 square kilometers (708 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Alexandrov. Population: 105,927 (2021 Census); 113,900 (2010 Census); 55,207 (2002 Census); 26,258 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Alexandrov accounts for 53.9% of the total district's population.
Kalmanka
Kalmanka (Russian: Калманка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kalmansky District of Altai Krai, Russia. Population:  3,440 (2010 Census); 3,657 (2002 Census); 3,828 (1989 Soviet census).

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
The Clarke/Duke Project II
The Clarke/Duke Project II is the second collaborative album by American musicians Stanley Clarke and George Duke. It was released in 1983 through Epic Records. The album peaked at number 146 on the Billboard 200 and at number 44 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

George Duke
George Martin Duke (January 12, 1946 – August 5, 2013) was an American keyboardist, composer, singer-songwriter and record producer. He worked with numerous artists as arranger, music director, writer and co-writer, record producer and as a professor of music. He first made a name for himself with the album The Jean-Luc Ponty Experience with the George Duke Trio. He is known for his 32 solo albums, as well as for his collaborations with other musicians like Stanley Clarke and (his cousin) Dianne Reeves, but particularly with composer, guitarist and bandleader Frank Zappa.
1976–77 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team
The 1976–77 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team represented the University of Michigan in intercollegiate college basketball during the 1976–77 season. The team played its home games in the Crisler Arena in Ann Arbor, Michigan, and was a member of the Big Ten Conference.  Under the direction of head coach Johnny Orr, the team won the Big Ten Conference Championship.

NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament bids by school
This is a list of NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament bids by school, and is updated through 2024. There are currently 68 bids possible each year (31 automatic qualifiers, 37 at-large). Schools not currently in Division I are in italics (e.g., CCNY) and some have appeared under prior names (e.g., UTEP went by Texas Western in 1966). Vacated appearances are excluded from the Bids table and noted below it.
Sufia Kamal National Public Library
The Sufia Kamal National Public Library (Bengali: সুফিয়া কামাল জাতীয় গণগ্রন্থাগার) is the largest public library in Bangladesh and houses the central administration of the Department of Public Libraries, under the Ministry of Cultural Affairs. The library was named "Central Public Library" between 2004 and 2010. The library is located in Dhaka's Shahbag neighbourhood.

The auditorium (Shawkat Osman Auditorium) of the library is a major venue for cultural events in Dhaka, including the International Short and Independent Film Festival. It also houses the Library Training Institute funded and managed by the Library Association of Bangladesh (LAB). It also has a reprography service, in-house bindery and conservation section.

Shawkat Osman
Sheikh Azizur Rahman (Bengali: শেখ আজিজুর রহমান; 2 January 1917 – 14 May 1998), known as Shawkat Osman (Bengali: শওকত ওসমান), was a Bangladeshi novelist and short story writer. He won the Bangla Academy Literary Award in 1962, the Ekushey Padak in 1983 and the Independence Day Award in 1997.
Josiah Fisher Bell
Josiah Fisher Bell (1820-October 1890) was the youngest son of Josiah Bell (for whom the Bell House is named) and his wife Mary. He married Susan Benjamin Leecraft on November 25, 1841. Although listed as a farmer on the 1860 Carteret County census, he was more widely known for his role with the Confederate Secret Service during the Civil War. Bell is buried in the Old Burying Ground. The attempted sabotage of the Cape Lookout Lighthouse is among the projects which he was known for.

Old Burying Ground (Beaufort, North Carolina)
Old Burying Ground is a historic cemetery located at Beaufort, Carteret County, North Carolina. It was established in 1724. There are approximately 200 stones from the pre-American Civil War era, approximately 45 from the war period, about 150 from 1865 to 1900, and a few 20th-century markers.  Notable burials include  Otway Burns, a naval hero in the War of 1812, and Colonel William Thompson, commander of the Carteret County Regiment during the American Revolution.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.