hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
San Bernardino Altarpiece (Lotto)
The San Bernardino Altarpiece is an oil on canvas painting by Lorenzo Lotto, created in 1521, named after the chapel on Via Pignolo in Bergamo, for which it was commissioned by the 'Disciplinati', a lay confraternity. It still hangs in its original position. Lotto also worked on the Santo Spirito Altarpiece at around the same time for the Church of Santo Spirito in Bergamo.

The work is signed and dated "LLotus / M D XXI" on the lowest step in the centre. Lotto may have been inspired by Raphael's Madonna of the Baldacchino, which he could have seen on his 1510 trip to Florence, and Giovanni Cariani's 1517 San Gottardo Altarpiece in the church of that name in Bergamo. To the left of the Madonna and Child are Saint Joseph and Bernardino of Siena, whilst to the right are John the Baptist and Anthony Abbot.

Lorenzo Lotto
Lorenzo Lotto (c. 1480 – 1556/57) was an Italian Renaissance painter, draughtsman, and illustrator, traditionally placed in the Venetian school, though much of his career was spent in other north Italian cities. He painted mainly altarpieces, religious subjects and portraits. He was active during the High Renaissance and the first half of the Mannerist period, but his work maintained a generally similar High Renaissance style throughout his career, although his nervous and eccentric posings and distortions represented a transitional stage to the Florentine and Roman Mannerists.
Morfitt
Morfitt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Darren Morfitt (born 1973), English actor

Garry Moore (1915–1993), born Thomas Garrison Morfit, American entertainer

George L. Morfitt (auditor general), Canadian squash player, public servant, and businessman

Jack Morfitt (1908–1973), English footballer

Samuel Morfitt (1868–1954), English rugby player

Darren Morfitt
Darren Morfitt (born 12 September 1973) is an English actor who has appeared in Dream Team (1997-1998), Grafters (1998-1999), Warriors (1999), Dalziel and Pascoe (2001), Dog Soldiers (2002), 55 Degrees North (2004), Making Waves (2004), The Government Inspector (2005), Doomsday (2008), and Doctor Who (2010).
Greg Mortimer
Greg Mortimer OAM (born 10 December 1952) is an Australian climber. Mortimer is notable as one of the first two Australians (with Tim Macartney-Snape) to successfully climb Mount Everest, on 3 October 1984. Their ascent, without supplemental oxygen, was the first via the North Face and Norton Couloir. It is one of the climbing routes that has not been repeated often.

North Face (Everest)
The North Face of Mount Everest is the northern aspect of the highest mountain in the world. It can partly be seen from North Base Camp. George Mallory's body was found on the North Face during the 1999 Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition. Major features of the face are the Hornbein Couloir and the Norton Couloir. Notable on the left end, the northeast ridge of Everest, are the Three Steps and the Three Pinnacles.
Changa Chet
Changa Chet is a 2018 Nepalese romantic comedy-drama film directed by Dipendra K Khanal. The film is written by Pradip Bhardwaj who is the highest paid screenwriter of nepalese film industry, and produced by Madhav Wagle and Sharmila Pandey. The film stars Ayushman Joshi, Rabindra Jha, Sandip Chhetri, Arpan Thapa, Priyanka Karki, Paramita Rana, Surakshya Panta in the lead roles. The prop currency used during the shooting of the movie lead to the prosecution of the movie producer Madhav Wagle, art director Sudip Tamang and an Assistant Mahendra Bogati.

The film was released on November 2, 2018 and met with positive response from critics and audience. The film was a commercial success at the box office.

Dipendra K. Khanal
Dipendra K. Khanal is Nepali screenwriter and film director, known best for his direction in Pashupati Prasad (2016) and Chapali height 2 (2016). Khanal's debut direction was The Yug Dekhi Yug Samma. He has directed films like Jholay, Vigilante, etc.
Jasmin Schornberg
Jasmin Schornberg (born 7 April 1986) is a German slalom canoeist who competed at the international level from 2001 to 2023.

She won 11 medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with four golds (K1: 2009, K1 team: 2007, 2017, 2022), three silvers (K1 team: 2010, 2013, 2018) and four bronzes (K1: 2013; K1 team: 2006, 2009, 2011).

She is the overall World Cup champion in K1 from 2007. She also won 10 medals in the European Championships (5 golds, 3 silvers and 2 bronzes).

Schornberg finished 5th in the K1 event at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.

2007 Canoe Slalom World Cup
The 2007 Canoe Slalom World Cup was a series of four races in 4 canoeing and kayaking categories organized by the International Canoe Federation (ICF). It was the 20th edition. The series consisted of Pan American continental championships which were open to all countries and 3 world cup races.
Sir Henry Willoughby, 3rd Baronet
Sir Henry Pollard Willoughby, 3rd Baronet (17 November 1796 – 23 March 1865) was a British Conservative Member of Parliament. He represented the constituencies of Newcastle-under-Lyme (12 December 1832 – 5 January 1835), Yarmouth (Isle of Wight) (3 May 1831 – 1832) and Evesham (29 July 1847 – 7 July 1852).

Yarmouth (Isle of Wight) (UK Parliament constituency)
Yarmouth was a borough constituency of the House of Commons of England then of the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. It was represented by two members of parliament (MPs), elected by the bloc vote system.

The constituency was abolished by the Reform Act 1832, and from the 1832 general election its territory was included in the new county constituency of Isle of Wight.
Pakistan Ka Matlab Kya La Ilaha Illallah
Pakistan ka matlab kya, La Illaha Illal Allah. (Urdu: پاکستان کا مطلب کیا لاالہ الا اللہ — ; lit. What does Pakistan mean?... There is no God but Allah) was a couplet and political slogan coined in 1943 by Urdu poet Asghar Sodai.

The slogan became a battle cry and greeting for the Muslim League, which was struggling for an independent country for the Muslims of South Asia, when World War II ended and the Pakistan independence movement geared up. This slogan shows the religious identity of Pakistan too. In the present day, this slogan is mainly used by Pakistani Islamic religio-political parties in their rallies.

Shahada
The Shahada (Arabic: الشَّهَادَةُ aš-šahādatu; Arabic pronunciation: [aʃ.ʃahaːdatu], 'the testimony'), also transliterated as Shahadah, is an Islamic oath and creed, and one of the Five Pillars of Islam and part of the adhan. It reads: "I bear witness that there is no god but God, and I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of God." The Shahada declares belief in the oneness (tawhid) of God and the acceptance of Muhammad as God's messenger. Some Shia Muslims also include a statement of belief in the wilayat of Ali, but they do not consider it as an obligatory part for converting to Islam.

A single honest recitation of the Shahada is all that is required for a person to become a Muslim according to most traditional schools.
SS Claus Rickmers
SS Claus Rickmers was a cargo steamship that was launched in Germany in 1923 for Rickmers Reederei. In 1945 she was sunk by Allied bombing in Norway; raised; repaired; and seized as a prize ship. The UK Ministry of War Transport took ownership of her, and renamed her Empire Carron. In 1947 she was sold and renamed Andrian. In 1949 she was sold again, renamed San Nicolas, and registered in Panama. She was scrapped in Italy in 1964.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.
Melkamu Frauendorf
Melkamu Benjamin Daniel Frauendorf (born 12 January 2004) is a footballer who plays as a midfielder for Regionalliga Südwest side Stuttgarter Kickers. Born in Ethiopia, he represents Germany at youth level.

Regionalliga Südwest
The Regionalliga Südwest ('Regional League Southwest') is the fourth tier of the German football league system in the states of Hesse, Baden-Württemberg, Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland. It is one of five leagues at this level, together with the Regionalliga Bayern, Regionalliga Nordost, Regionalliga Nord and the Regionalliga West.

The league was formed in 2012, when the clubs from the Regionalliga Süd, except those from Bavaria, were joined by the clubs of the Regionalliga West from Saarland and Rhineland-Palatinate.
Beau Molenaar
Beau Molenaar (born 10 March 1985) is a Dutch footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Norwegian club Åkra IL, having previously played for FK Haugesund, Notodden FK, Apollon Limassol, AZ, FC Omniworld and Skeid.

Apollon Limassol FC
Apollon Limassol FC (Greek: Απόλλων Λεμεσού, Apollon Lemesou) is a Cypriot sports club, based in Limassol. It has football, basketball and volleyball teams. Founded in 1954, Apollon FC currently plays in the Cypriot First Division and has won the championship title four times, the cup nine times and the Super Cup four times.
Shehryar Afridi
Shehryar Khan Afridi (Urdu: شہریار خان آفریدی; born 12 March 1971) is a Pakistani politician who served as Chairperson of the Parliamentary Special Committee on Kashmir, in office from 13 May 2020 to April 2022. He served as the Minister of State for Interior from 31 August 2018 to 18 April 2019. He has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since February 2024 and previously served as a member from August 2018 till January 2023 and June 2013 to May 2018. He also served as the Minister of State for States and Frontier Regions (SAFRON) from 18 April 2019 until 25 September 2020. He was also given an additional charge of the Ministry of Narcotics Control after the death of Ali Mohammad Mahar.

He resigned from National Assembly of Pakistan on order of Imran Khan on 10 April 2022.

Ministry of States and Frontier Regions (Pakistan)
The Ministry of States and Frontier Regions (Urdu: وزارتِ ریاستی و سرحدی امور,  wazarat-e- reyasti o sarhadi umoor; abbreviated as SAFRON) was a federal ministry in Pakistan.

The main responsibilities of the ministry were the administrative affairs and development activities in the tribal areas of Pakistan, including Frontier Regions of Pakistan and Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA).

It has been merged into the Ministry of Kashmir Affairs and Gilgit-Baltistan as of 2025.
Robert Meek Carter
Robert Meek Carter (1814–1882) was a British coal merchant and Liberal politician.

In 1850 he was elected to the Leeds council as a Chartist, and was reelected in 1853. In 1868 he was elected as a Member of Parliament for Leeds, a position he held until his resignation in 1876.

Coal merchant
A coal merchant is the term used in the UK and other countries for a trader who sells coal and often delivers it to households. Coal merchants were once a major class of local business, but have declined in importance in many parts of the developed world due to the rise of alternative heating methods, including central heating, gas, oil and electric heating. The men who carried the coal to households were called coal men.

The mass of coal homes burned was large; the UK government estimated in 1975 that the average household burning solid fuel used about 4.7 tons per year.
Germain Pirlot
Germain Pirlot (born 18 March 1943 in Sart-Custinne, Gedinne, Belgium) is a Belgian esperantist and ex-teacher of French and history, presently living in Ostend. He is best known as the inventor of the name euro for the common currency of the European Union (EU).

On 4 August 1995, Pirlot sent a letter to then President of the European Commission, Jacques Santer, in which he suggested the name euro to be used for the planned currency of the EU. Later, Pirlot received an official letter thanking him for the suggestion.

The name euro was officially adopted by the European Council in Madrid (Spain) on 16 December 1995. Jean-Jacques Schul, chairman of Promeuro (Association for the promotion of the euro), claims that to his knowledge nobody else had suggested to use this name for the currency before 4 August 1995.

Another suggestion made by Pirlot in the same letter, to name the hundredth of the currency "ropas", has not been realized – instead, the name "cent" has been adopted.

European Council
The European Council (informally EUCO) is a collegiate body (directorial system) and a symbolic collective head of state, that defines the overall political direction and general priorities of the European Union (EU). It is composed of the heads of state or of government of the EU member states, the president of the European Council, and the president of the European Commission. The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy also takes part in its meetings.

Established as an informal summit in 1975, the European Council was formalised as an institution in 2009 upon the commencement of the Treaty of Lisbon. Its current president is António Costa, former prime minister of Portugal.
Rhyscotus rotundatus
Rhyscotus rotundatus is a species of armadillo woodlice, a terrestrial crustacean isopod of the family Rhyscotidae. It is endemic to the island of São Tomé in São Tomé and Príncipe. The species was described in 1978 by Helmut Schmalfuss and Franco Ferrara.

São Tomé (island)
São Tomé, at 854 km2 (330 sq mi), is the largest island of São Tomé and Príncipe and is home in May 2018 to about 193,380 or 96% of the nation's population. The island is divided into six districts. It is located 2 km (1¼ miles) north of the equator.
Star Trek: Nero
Star Trek: Nero is a four-issue comic book prequel to the 2009 film Star Trek and sequel of the previous book Star Trek: Countdown, both by IDW Publishing. It follows the character of the Romulan Nero and his crew in the time between the destruction of the USS Kelvin and the kidnapping of Spock.

IDW Publishing
IDW Publishing is an American publisher of comic books, graphic novels, art books, and comic strip collections. It was founded in 1999 as the publishing division of Idea and Design Works, LLC (IDW) and is recognized as the fifth-largest comic book publisher in the United States, behind Marvel, DC, Dark Horse, and Image Comics, ahead of other comic book publishers such as Archie, Boom!, Dynamite, Valiant, and Oni Press. The company is known for its licensed comic book adaptations of films, television shows, video games, and cartoons.
Grzęzno
Grzęzno [ˈɡʐɛ̃znɔ] (German: Weitenhagen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dobra, within Łobez County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-west of Dobra, 25 km (16 mi) west of Łobez, and 48 km (30 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Łobez
Łobez [ˈwɔbɛs] ⓘ (Kashubian: Łobéz; German: Labes) is a town on the river Rega in northwestern Poland, within the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. It is the capital of Łobez County, and has a population of 10,066 (2019).
Caldoramide
Caldoramide is a pentapeptide isolated from the cyanobacteria Caldora penicillata. It has cytotoxic effects on cancer cells and has been the subject of extensive oncological research. It is structurally analogous to belamide A and dolastatin 15. Its appearance is that of a powdery, white, substance.

Cytotoxicity
Cytotoxicity refers to the capacity of a substance or agent to cause damage or death to living cells, reflecting a critical parameter in pharmacology, toxicology, and biomedicine. It is distinct from cytostatic effects, which inhibit cell growth and proliferation without causing cell death. Cytotoxic agents can induce a range of cellular responses, including inhibition of cell growth, induction of apoptotic or necrotic cell death, and disruption of metabolic or structural cellular integrity. Assessing cytotoxicity is fundamental for evaluating the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical compounds, chemicals, and biomaterials, as it helps predict potential adverse effects and guides therapeutic development.

Various assays—based on enzyme activity, membrane permeability, metabolic activity, or cell proliferation—are routinely employed to characterize and quantify cytotoxic effects in vitro, providing essential insights into cell viability and the mechanisms underlying toxic responses.
Jan C. A. Boeyens
Jan C. A. Boeyens FRSSAf (October 2, 1934 – August 26, 2015) was a South African chemist and educator.

Boeyens was educated at the University of Pretoria. He worked at the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research of South Africa and at Stanford University. He became a professor of chemistry at the University of the Witwatersrand and Extraordinary Professor at UNISA.

He has written or co-written more than 600 scientific contributions. Some of his books are used as textbooks of theoretical chemistry all over the world.

As an emeritus he wrote books challenging the current scientific consensus about the adequacy of quantum mechanics in which he presented a way to establish more accurate modern physics and chemistry without using higher mathematics by using elementary number theory.

Royal Society of South Africa
The Royal Society of South Africa is a learned society composed of eminent South African scientists and academics. The society was granted its royal charter by King Edward VII in 1908, nearly a century after Capetonians first began to conceive of a national scholarly society. The 1877 founder and first president of the society was Sir Bartle Frere (1815–1884).

Fellows are entitled to the post-nominal letters FRSSAf.
Takuma Sato (basketball)
Takuma Sato (佐藤 卓磨, Satō Takuma; born May 10, 1995) is a Japanese professional basketball player for Chiba Jets of the B.League in Japan. He played college basketball for Tokai University.

On August 20, 2018, the Japanese Olympic Committee penalized Sato after he was found to have solicited prostitutes while visiting Jakarta. He was ultimately suspended from official competition for a year.

Tokai University
Tokai University (東海大学, Tōkai Daigaku) is a private non-sectarian higher education institution located in  Tokyo, Japan. It was founded by Dr. Shigeyoshi Matsumae.

It was accredited under Japan's old educational system in 1946 and under the new system in 1950. In 2008, Tokai University, Kyushu Tokai University, and Hokkaido Tokai University were consolidated and reorganized into Tokai University. Its Chinese character name is the same as Tunghai University in Taiwan.
Kathy Poohachof
Kathy Poohachof is a retired American para-alpine skier. She represented the United States at the 1980 Winter Paralympics in Geilo, Norway and at the 1984 Winter Paralympics in Innsbruck, Austria. In total, she won five silver medals in alpine skiing.

1980 Winter Paralympics
The 1980 Winter Paralympic Games (Norwegian: Paralympiske vinterleker 1980; Nynorsk: Paralympiske vinterleikane 1980), the second Winter Paralympics, were held from 1  to 7 February 1980 in Geilo, Norway. Eighteen countries took part with 299 athletes. A demonstration event was held in sledge downhill racing. All classes of athletes with locomotor disabilities were able to participate. Organized by the International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMGF) and the International Sports Federation of the Disabled (ISOD).

Originally known as the 2nd Olympic Winter Games for Disabled.
Maryland Route 130
Maryland Route 130 (MD 130) is a state highway located in Baltimore County in the U.S. state of Maryland. Known as Greenspring Valley Road, the state highway runs 5.57 miles (8.96 km) from MD 140 in Garrison east to MD 25 in Brooklandville. MD 130 passes through the Green Spring Valley, an affluent area around the upper reaches of Jones Falls that contains Stevenson University. The state highway was paved by 1910 except for a gap near Stevenson that was closed in the mid-1930s.

Stevenson University
Stevenson University is a private university in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States, with two campuses, one in Stevenson and one in Owings Mills. The university enrolls approximately 3,615 undergraduate and graduate students. Formerly known as Villa Julie College, the name was changed to Stevenson University in 2008.
2025 Men's Softball World Cup Group A
Group A of the 2025 Men's Softball World Cup took place from 12 to 16 June 2023 in Hermosillo, Mexico. The group consisted of host nation Mexico, defending champions Australia, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Philippines and Venezuela.

Dominican Republic men's national softball team
The Dominican Republic men's national softball team is the men's national softball team of Dominican Republic. It is governed by Dominican Republic Softball Federation and takes part in international softball competitions.  The team competed at the 2000 ISF Men's World Championship in East London, South Africa where they finished seventh.
Houldsworth
Houldsworth is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Henry Houldsworth of the Houldsworth Baronets

Henry Houldsworth, Lord Lieutenant of Moray

Basil Houldsworth (1922–1990), British anesthetist and politician

Thomas Houldsworth (1771–1852), English politician

William Houldsworth (1834–1917), English politician

Thomas Houldsworth
Thomas Houldsworth (13 September 1771 – 1 September 1852) was a Tory, and then Conservative Party, politician in England.  He was a member of parliament (MP) for 34 years, from 1818 to 1852.

Houldsworth MP for Pontefract from 1818 to 1830, and then for the rotten borough of Newton in Lancashire from 1830 until the borough was disenfranchised at 1832 general election. He was then elected for the Northern division of Nottinghamshire, and held that seat until he stepped down from the House of Commons at the general election in July 1852. He died two months later, aged 80.
Portuguese ruins in Zimbabwe
Portuguese ruins in Zimbabwe are scattered across the northern parts of Zimbabwe. They are a remnant of the Portuguese colonial presence in south-eastern Africa. From their coastal settlements, the Portuguese penetrated into what is now Zimbabwe as early as 1560, nearly 300 years before David Livingstone arrived at the Victoria Falls. The most famous of these early settlers was the missionary Gonçalo da Silveira. Silveira House, a further education center outside Harare, is named after him. The Portuguese were driven out of Zimbabwe completely during 1693 when the Rozvi led by Changamire invaded Karangaland.

Silveira House
Silveira House is a Jesuit centre for religious training and education located in Chishawasha, on the outskirts of Harare, Zimbabwe. Founded in 1964, it is named after Gonçalo da Silveira, the first Jesuit priest to come to Zimbabwe in the 16th century.
Mary Beth Fielder
Mary Beth Fielder is an American writer, director and producer of television and feature films. She served on the faculty of the University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts from 1994 to 2009.

USC School of Cinematic Arts
The USC School of Cinematic Arts is an academic unit of the University of Southern California, in Los Angeles. With a history that dates to the first years of talkies, the school descends from America's first program to confer a college degree in film.  Under a name that directly preceded its present one, it became, in the 1980s, an academic unit of its own, within the university.  Colloquially "SCA" or "the USC film school," it now has several divisions or programs, which treat artistic or business aspects of the creation of motion pictures and related media.