hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crunk
Crunk is a subgenre of hip hop music that emerged in the early 1990s and gained mainstream success during the mid 2000s. Crunk is often up-tempo and one of Southern hip hop's more dance and club oriented subgenres. An archetypal crunk track frequently uses a main groove consisting of layered keyboard synths, a drum machine clapping rhythm, heavy basslines, and shouting vocals, often in a call and response manner. The term "crunk" was also used throughout the 2000s as a blanket term to denote any style of Southern hip hop, a side effect of the genre's breakthrough to the mainstream.  The word derives from its African-American Vernacular English past-participle form, "crunk", of the verb "to crank" (as in the phrase "crank up"). It refers to being excited or high on drugs.

Hypernymy and hyponymy
Hypernymy and hyponymy are the semantic relations between a generic term (hypernym) and a more specific term (hyponym). The hypernym is also called a supertype, umbrella term, or blanket term. The hyponym names a subtype of the hypernym.  The semantic field of the hyponym is included within that of the hypernym. For example, "pigeon", "crow", and "hen" are all hyponyms of "bird" and "animal"; "bird" and "animal" are both hypernyms of "pigeon", "crow", and "hen".
2023 Emilia-Romagna Open – Doubles
Luciano Darderi and Fernando Romboli were the defending champions but chose to defend their title with different partners. Darderi partnered Andrea Collarini but lost in the first round to Marco Bortolotti and Sergio Martos Gornés. Romboli partnered Marcelo Zormann but lost in the first round to Boris Arias and Federico Zeballos.

Jonathan Eysseric and Miguel Ángel Reyes-Varela won the title after defeating Luca Margaroli and Ramkumar Ramanathan 6–2, 6–3 in the final.

Luciano Darderi
Luciano Tadeo Darderi (born 14 February 2002) is an Argentine-born Italian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 21 achieved on 16 February 2026 and a best doubles ranking of No. 104 reached on 8 August 2022. He is currently the No. 4 singles player from Italy.

Darderi has won four ATP Tour singles titles.
Yentna Glacier
Yentna Glacier is a glacier in Denali National Park and Preserve in the U.S. state of Alaska. The glacier begins in the Alaska Range between Mount Russell and Mount Foraker, moving southwest. It is the source of the east fork of the Yentna River. Lacuna Glacier is a major tributary, and Dall Glacier enters the glacial valley just below Yentna Glacier's present terminus.

Alaska Range
The Alaska Range is a relatively narrow, 600-mile-long (970-kilometer) mountain range in the southcentral region of the U.S. state of Alaska, from Lake Clark at its southwest end to the White River in Canada's Yukon Territory in the southeast. Denali, the highest mountain in North America, is in the Alaska Range. The range is part of the American Cordillera.

The Alaska Range is one of the highest mountain ranges in the world, after the Himalayas and the Andes.
Real Programmers Don't Use Pascal
"Real Programmers Don't Use Pascal" (a parody of the bestselling 1982 tongue-in-cheek book on stereotypes about masculinity Real Men Don't Eat Quiche) is an essay about computer programming written by Ed Post of Tektronix, Inc., and published in July 1983 as a reader's contribution in Datamation.

Tektronix
Tektronix, Inc., historically widely known as Tek, is an American company best known for manufacturing test and measurement devices such as oscilloscopes, logic analyzers, and video and mobile test protocol equipment.  Originally an independent company, it is now a subsidiary of Ralliant, a spinoff from Fortive.
Alan of Tewkesbury
Alan, Abbot of Tewkesbury (date of birth unknown) is said by Gervase of Canterbury (contemporary chronicler) to be of English (i.e. non-Norman) descent. He probably spent some time at Benevento (Italy). Became a monk at Canterbury, rising to prior in 1179. In the struggle between Thomas of Canterbury and Henry II, he was a strong supporter of Thomas. As a result, he went to Tewkesbury as abbot where he was out of Henry's way.

His works are written about in Life of St. Thomas printed (as Life of Becket) in the second volume of Materials for the History of Thomas Becket, edited by James Craigie Robertson (Rolls Series, London; 1875–85; Part I, CXC, 1475–88).

He also collected and arranged a number of Thomas' epistles.

Prior (ecclesiastical)
Prior (or  prioress) is an ecclesiastical title for a  superior in some religious orders. The word is derived from the Latin for "earlier" or "first". The office may head a local house, a region of houses (prior provincial), or the entire order (prior general). Its earlier generic usage referred to any monastic superior. In abbeys, a prior would be lower in rank than the abbey's abbot or abbess.
Sutra Pitaka
The phrase Sutra Pitaka (from the Sanskrit meaning "basket of teachings" or "collection of aphorisms") can refer to:

the section of the Theravada Buddhist Pali Canon called the "Sutta Pitaka" in Pāli

the Agamas of various extinct schools of Buddhism

the Mahayana sutras, a broad genre of Buddhist scriptures that various traditions of Mahāyāna Buddhism accept as canonical

Sutta Piṭaka
The Sutta Piṭaka (also referred to as Sūtra Piṭaka or Suttanta Piṭaka; English: Basket of Discourse) is the second of the three divisions of the Pali Tripitaka, the definitive canonical collection of scripture of Theravada Buddhism. The other two parts of the Tripiṭaka are the Vinaya Piṭaka (Basket of Discipline) and the Abhidhamma Piṭaka (Basket of Higher Doctrine). The Sutta Pitaka contains more than 10,000 suttas (teachings) attributed to the Buddha or his close companions.
Dogachi Union, Jhenaidah Sadar
Dogachi Union (Bengali: দোগাছি ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad situated at Jhenaidah Sadar Upazila, in Jhenaidah District, Khulna Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 41.19 square kilometres (15.90 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 11,995. There are 14 villages and 9 mouzas in the union.

Khulna Division
Khulna Division (Bengali: খুলনা বিভাগ) is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of 22,285 km2 (8,604 sq mi) and a population of 17,416,645 at the 2022 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and largest city is Khulna city in Khulna District.
Yeutherium
Yeutherium is an extinct genus of mammal from the Reigitheriidae that lived during the Late Cretaceous (Late Campanian-Maastrichtian). Its fossils have been found in the Dorotea Formation in Chile and the type species is Y. pressor.

Campanian
The Campanian is the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceous epoch on the geologic timescale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). In chronostratigraphy, it is the fifth of six stages in the Upper Cretaceous Series. Campanian spans the time from 83.6 (± 0.2) to 72.2 (± 0.2) million years ago. It is preceded by the Santonian and it is followed by the Maastrichtian.

The Campanian was an age when a worldwide sea level rise covered many coastal areas. The morphology of some of these areas has been preserved: it is an unconformity beneath a cover of marine sedimentary rocks.
Su Shiliang
Su Shiliang (Chinese: 苏士亮; born September 1950) is a retired vice-admiral (zhong jiang) of the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) of China. He served as Deputy Commander and Chief of Staff of the PLAN, Commander of the South Sea Fleet and the North Sea Fleet, and President of the PLA Naval Command Academy. He was an alternate of the 17th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

Jiang (rank)
Jiang (formerly romanized chiang and usually translated general or, for navies, admiral) is a general officer (or flag officer for navies) rank used by China and Taiwan. It is also used as jang in North and South Korea, shō in Japan, and tướng in Vietnam.
2022 Rolex Paris Masters
The 2022 Rolex Paris Masters was a professional men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 50th edition of the tournament, and a Masters 1000 event on the 2022 ATP Tour. It took place at the Accor Arena in Paris from 31 October to 6 November 2022.

Joran Vliegen
Joran Vliegen (born 7 July 1993) is a Belgian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of World No. 17 achieved on 7 August 2023. He also has a career high singles ranking of World No. 508 achieved on 1 August 2016. Vliegen has won eight ATP Tour doubles titles with partner Sander Gillé, including an ATP Masters 1000 title at the 2024 Monte-Carlo Masters.
State and official visits to the United Kingdom
State and official visits to the United Kingdom are formal visits by a head of state of a country to the United Kingdom and are hosted by the British Sovereign. They are royal events using assets of the Civil Service, the Royal Household and the Household Division. Usually other members of the Royal Family participate, with activities centred on London. Formal invitations are sent by the Royal Household via the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office.

There are no formal State visits between the United Kingdom and the 14 other Commonwealth realms, as the realms all share a common monarch and head of state. Visits conducted by the monarch to another Commonwealth realm are also not considered state visits but rather royal visits. In addition, official visits to the United Kingdom by another Commonwealth realm are typically performed by their respective governor general, who in that capacity is usually in the country for an audience with the King.

Summary

President of Malawi
The president of the Republic of Malawi (Chichewa: Mtsogoleri wa Dziko la Malawi; Tumbuka: Mlongozgi wa Charu cha Malaŵi) is the head of state and head of government of Malawi. The president leads the executive branch of the Government of Malawi and is the commander-in-chief of the Malawian Defence Force. The current president is Peter Mutharika, who has served since being re-elected in September 2025.
British Horse Industry Confederation
The British Horse Industry Confederation (or BHIC) was a representative umbrella organisation for both professional and amateur involvement in equestrian activities in Great Britain.  The organisation was formed of the British Equestrian Federation (or BEF), the Thoroughbred Breeders Association and the British Horseracing Authority. It also had representation from the British Horse Society and the British Equestrian Trade Association (both members of the BEF) and from the British Equine Veterinary Association.

In 2018, the BHIC, together with the Equine Sector Council for Health & Welfare, was replaced by the British Horse Council.

British Horse Society
British Horse Society (BHS) is a membership-based equine charity, with a stated vision of "a Society which provides a strong voice for horses and people and which spreads awareness through support, training and education". It currently has more than 110,000 members, with a further 34,000 members affiliated through a British Riding Club, making it the largest equine membership organisation in the United Kingdom. It is one of the 19 organisations which form part of the British Equestrian Federation.
Aziz Shaykh
ʿAzīz Shaykh (Turki/Kypchak and Persian: عزیز شیخ; Oziz in the Russian chronicles) was Khan of the Golden Horde from 1364 to 1367. He held the traditional capital Sarai during a period of civil war among rival contenders for the throne. Throughout his reign, the westernmost portion of the Golden Hode was under the control of the beglerbeg Mamai and his puppet khan ʿAbdallāh, while the easternmost portion was under the control of the heirs of Qara Nogai.

Sarai (city)
Sarai (Turki/Kypchak and Persian: سرای; also transcribed as Saraj or Saray; "mansion" or "court") was the name of possibly two cities near the lower Volga, that served successively as the effective capitals of the Cuman–Kipchak Confederation and later the Golden Horde, a Turco-Mongol khanate. There is considerable disagreement among scholars about the correspondence between specific archaeological sites.
1909 Melbourne Cup
The 1909 Melbourne Cup was a two-mile handicap horse race which took place on Tuesday, 2 November 1909.

The race was won by Prince Foote, considered one of the greatest colts in Australian racing history. He achieved a 'clean sweep' of three-year old classics in 1909–10: VRC St Leger, AJC St Leger and VRC Champion Stakes, as well as the 1909 Melbourne Cup. Prince Foote started the 4/1 equal favourite with Sydney Cup winner Trafalgar. He won and defeated 1908 VRC Derby winner Alawa, ridden by Bobby Lewis by three lengths. At 100/1 odds Aberdeen ran third and Trafalgar finished fourth. A silver centerpiece was awarded to the owners of Prince Foote, which was ridden by Bill 'Midge' McLachlan, the great-grandfather of future five-time Melbourne Cup winning trainer Lee Freedman.

This is the list of placegetters for the 1909 Melbourne Cup.

Handicap (horse racing)
A handicap race in horse racing is a race in which each horse is assigned a specific weight to carry, determined by its past performance and perceived ability. Stronger horses carry more weight, while less accomplished ones carry less. This system aims to equalize the chances of all horses in the race.

The skill in betting on a handicap race lies in predicting which horse can overcome its handicap. Although most handicap races are run for older, less valuable horses with less prize money, this is not true in all cases; some prestigious races are handicaps, such as the Grand National steeplechase, Betfair Stayers' Handicap Hurdle in the UK and the Melbourne Cup in Australia. In the United States, over 30 handicap races are classified as Grade I, the top level of the North American grading system.
Jovan Jovanović Zmaj Gymnasium
Jovan Jovanović Zmaj Gymnasium (Serbian: Гимназија "Јован Јовановић Змај", Gimnazija "Jovan Jovanović Zmaj") is a secondary school in Novi Sad, Serbia. It is named after Jovan Jovanović Zmaj, a Serb poet. It was founded in 1810 by a donation of a wealthy merchant Sava Vuković from Novi Sad. Over the years the school developed into a prestigious institution whose alumni include numerous notable historical individuals.

The school was rebuilt in the 20th century, using the donations of baron Miloš Bajić who gave 20,000 forints.

Stefan Stratimirović
Stefan Stratimirović (Serbian: Стефан Стратимировић;[a] 27 December 1757 – 22 September 1836) was a Serbian bishop who served as the Metropolitan of Karlovci, head of the Serbian Orthodox Church in the Austrian Empire, between 1790 and 1836. Having been appointed metropolitan at the age of 33, Stratimirović maintained control over church life decisively and autonomously. He was an aid to Serbian rebel leader Karađorđe  during the First Serbian Uprising and actively participated in the suppression of Tican's Rebellion in 1807. Furthermore, he published Jovan Rajić's seminal work at a most propitious occasion.
1998 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The 1998 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship was the 67th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county Gaelic football tournament for boys under the age of 18.

Laois entered the championship as defending champions in search of a third successive All-Ireland title.

On 27 September 1998, Tyrone won the championship following a 2–11 to 0–11 defeat of Laois in the All-Ireland final. This was their fourth All-Ireland title overall and their first in 25 championship seasons.

All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The Electric Ireland All-Ireland Minor Football Championship is the premier under-17 "knockout" competition in Gaelic football played in Ireland. 2017 was the final year of the minor under 18 football championship as it was replaced by an under 17 championship following a vote at the GAA congress on 26 February 2016.

The series of games is organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association and is played during the summer months with the All-Ireland Minor Football Final being played on the third Sunday in September in Croke Park, Dublin as the curtain-raiser to the senior final.

The winners received the Tom Markham Cup, which is named in honour of former Clare figure Tom Markham.
Les Échets station
Les Échets station (French: Gare des Échets) is a French railway station located in the Les Échets neighbourhood of the commune of Miribel, Ain department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It is located at kilometric point (KP) 20.727 on the Lyon–Bourg-en-Bresse railway, between Sathonay-Rillieux and Mionnay stations. Miribel station, also located in the commune along the Rhône is located on the Lyon—Geneva railway.

The station was put into service in 1866 by the Compagnie de la Dombes.

As of 2020, the station is owned and operated by the SNCF and served by TER Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes trains.

Lyon–Geneva railway
The Lyon–Geneva railway is an important route in the national rail network.  It connects not only Geneva but also feeds the Maurienne railway and the Geneva to Valence via Grenoble line. It carries a variety of traffic: TGV Paris-Geneva, Geneva - South of France, TER Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Léman Express and goods trains.

The line is numbered 890 000 of the RFF national network.
Francis Edward Goldsmith
Francis Edward Goldsmith MRCSL (1825 – 24 July 1875), often referred to as Edward Goldsmith, was a medical doctor in South Australia remembered for his time as the first surgeon and Protector of Aborigines of the pioneering settlement at Escape Cliffs, Northern Territory of Australia under B. T. Finniss. Within a year Finniss had demanded his resignation, citing insubordination.

W. P. Auld
William Patrick Auld (27 May 1840 – 2 September 1912), usually known as W. P. Auld, Pat or Patrick, was an Adelaide, South Australian vigneron and wine merchant born in Stalybridge (near Manchester, England).

He took part in John McDouall Stuart's sixth expedition (Dec 1861 – Dec 1862) which successfully crossed Australia from south to north. He was also a member of B. T. Finniss's 1864 expedition to select a capital for the Northern Territory, during which an incident occurred resulting in his being tried for murder of an Aboriginal man.

For many years he managed his father's famous vineyard, "Auldana" in the eastern foothills, and was recognised as an accomplished vigneron and wine judge. The suburb Auldana is located on the site of the vineyard.
Colombia–Cuba relations
Colombia–Cuba relations have a long history, as the two countries have shared political, economic, social and cultural relations since the time of colonialism in Latin America. Having a great exchange of knowledge and people in these territories, for this reason, the two countries and others joined in the fight for independence against the Spanish. Both countries are members of the Organization of American States, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Latin American Integration Association and Organization of Ibero-American States.

Latin American Integration Association
The Latin American Integration Association / Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración / Associação Latino-Americana de Integração (LAIA / ALADI) is an international and regional scope organization. It was created on 12 August 1980 by the 1980 Montevideo Treaty, replacing the Latin American Free Trade Association (LAFTA/ALALC). Currently, it has 13 member countries, and any of the Latin American States may apply for accession.
Salvia grandiflora
Salvia grandiflora can refer to the following plant species:

Salvia grandiflora Etl., a synonym of Salvia tomentosa Mill.

Salvia grandiflora Née ex Cav., a synonym of Salvia patens Cav.

Salvia grandiflora Sessé & Moc. (1887), a synonym of Salvia fulgens Cav.

Salvia grandiflora Sessé & Moc. (1893), a synonym of Salvia gesneriflora Lindl. & Paxton

Salvia grandiflora Ten., a synonym of Salvia officinalis L. subsp. officinalis

Salvia officinalis
Salvia officinalis, common sage or sage, is a perennial, evergreen subshrub, with woody stems, grayish leaves, and blue to purplish flowers. It is a member of the mint family (Lamiaceae) and native to the Mediterranean region, though it has been naturalized in many places throughout the world. It has a long history of culinary use, and in modern times it has been used as an ornamental garden plant. The common name "sage" is also used for closely related species and cultivars.
2010 Mutua Madrileña Madrid Open
The 2010 Madrid Masters (also known as the Mutua Madrileña Madrid Open for sponsorship reasons) was played on outdoor clay courts at the Park Manzanares in Madrid, Spain from May 7–16. It was the ninth edition of the tournament on the ATP and second on the WTA. It was classified as an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 event on the 2010 ATP World Tour and a Premier Mandatory event on the 2010 WTA Tour.

Mutua Madrileña
Mutua Madrileña, S.A. also known as La Mutua, is by its joint venture with Vida Caixa, the largest Spanish insurance company as both Vida Caixa and Mutua Madrileña occupy the first and third position (respectively) of the Spanish Insurance Company Ranking in 2020 by GWP (Gross Written Premium). Founded in 1930, it provides life, automobile, health, and accident insurance, as well as pension and investment funds. 
It has an international footprint in Colombia and Chile since 2019 with the acquisition of 45% of Seguros del Estado (Colombia) and the acquisition and control of 60% of BCI Seguros (Chile), which are the second and first biggest companies in Colombia and Chile respectively.

In 2011, it bought 50% of SegurCaixa Adeslas, the leading health insurance company in Spain. With an investment of more than 1,000 million euros, the purchase became the largest bancassurance operation ever carried out in Spain.
Ouseley
Ouseley or Ousley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Duncan Ouseley (born 1950), English judge

Frederick Ouseley (1825–1889), English musician

Gideon Ouseley (1769–1839), Anglo-Irish Methodist

Gideon Ouseley, a pseudonym of Oliver St. John Gogarty (1878–1957)

Gore Ouseley (1770–1844), British diplomat and linguist

Herman Ouseley, Baron Ouseley (born 1945), British politician, author of the Ouseley Report

William Ouseley (1769–1842), British orientalist

William Gore Ouseley (1797–1866), British diplomat

Herman Ouseley, Baron Ouseley
Herman George Ouseley, Baron Ouseley (24 March 1945 – 2 October 2024) was a British parliamentarian. Before becoming a member of the House of Lords he was an important figure in public authorities, including local councils, and was an adviser and reviewer of public services organisations with a particular focus on equality and diversity. He was at the forefront of challenging institutional racism in organisations and was an advocate on behalf of individuals from disadvantaged and deprived backgrounds.

Ouseley sat in the House of Lords as an crossbencher from 2001 until his retirement in 2019. He was also included in the 2003 list of "100 Great Black Britons".

Ouseley was a supporter of Millwall and Rangers.
Bani Jamra
Bani Jamra (Arabic: بني جمرة) is a village in the north-west of Bahrain. It lies west of the capital Manama and east of the coastal village of Budaiya. It is administered under the Northern Governorate.

Before the discovery of oil in Bahrain, most of inhabitants were involved in farming, especially date palms. Bani Jamra is also famous as a center of traditional fabric weaving, a rapidly dying art.

Northern Governorate
The Northern Governorate (Arabic: المحافظة الشمالية, romanized: Al-Muḥāfaẓat aš-Šamālīyah) is one of the four governorates of Bahrain. It includes parts of the former municipalities of Al Mintaqah al Gharbiyah, Al Mintaqah al Wusta, Al Mintaqah al Shamaliyah, Jidd Haffs and Madinat Hamad. It also includes the island of Umm an Nasan.