hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stewardship Incentives Program
The Stewardship Incentives Program (SIP) is a program administered by the United States Forest Service through the Farm Service Agency that provided up to 75% cost sharing for silvicultural activities implementing approved renewable resource plans.  The program was terminated in the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 107–171), and replaced with the Forest Land Enhancement Program (FLEP).

Farm Service Agency
The Farm Service Agency (FSA) is the United States Department of Agriculture agency that was formed by merging the farm loan portfolio and staff of the Farmers Home Administration (FmHA) and the Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service (ASCS). The Farm Service Agency implements agricultural policy, administers credit and loan programs, and manages conservation, commodity, disaster, and farm marketing programs through a national network of offices. The administrator of the FSA reports to the under secretary of agriculture for farm production and conservation. The FSA of each state is led by a politically appointed state executive director (SED).
2009 G20 London summit protests
The 2009 G20 London summit protests occurred in the days around the 2 April 2009 G20 London summit. The summit was the focus of protests from a number of groups over various long-standing and topical issues. These ranged from disquiet over economic policy, anger at the banking system and bankers' remuneration and bonuses, the continued War on terror and concerns over climate change.

Although the majority of the protests were peaceful, the threat of violence and criminal damage were used by police as a reason to detain, or "kettle", protesters as part of Operation Glencoe. More than 100 protesters were arrested and more than 180 reported injuries as a result of police actions. A bystander, Ian Tomlinson, died shortly after being pushed to the ground by a police officer. A second post-mortem revealed that Tomlinson may have died from an abdominal haemorrhage. The inquest into Tomlinson's death found that he was unlawfully killed.

University of East London
The University of East London (UEL) is a public university located in the London Borough of Newham, London, England, based at three campuses in Stratford and Docklands, following the opening of University Square Stratford in September 2013. The University of East London began as the West Ham Technical Institute and it was officially opened in October 1898 after approval was given for the construction of the site by the West Ham Technical Instruction Act Committee in 1892 following the Technical Instruction Act of 1889. It gained university status in 1992. It was formerly known as College of East London.

The community is made up of over 40,000 students from over 160 countries studying at the University of East London and collaborative partners.
Borș
Borş can refer to:

Borș (bran), an ingredient in Romanian cuisine used to make sour soup

Borș, Bihor (Hungarian: Bors), a commune in Bihor County, Romania

Valentin Borș (born 1983), Romanian football player

Borș (bran)
Borș is either a liquid ingredient used in Romanian and Moldovan cuisine or the sour soup (ciorbă) typically made with this ingredient. It used to be common in Hungary too, it is called Cibere.

The ingredient borș consists of water in which wheat or barley bran, sometimes sugar beet or a slice of bread have fermented. After decanting, the result is a slightly yellowish, sour liquid which can also be drunk as such. It contains lactic acid plus vitamins and minerals extracted from the bran. Whole lovage leaves can be added in the final liquid.

Borș can also mean a sour soup (ciorbă) where the sour ingredient is typically borș.

Romanian "borș" soup recipes can include various kinds of vegetables and any kind of meat, including fish. "Borș/ciorbă de perișoare" (a broth with meatballs) is quite common. One ingredient required in all recipes by Romanian tradition is lovage leaves, which has a characteristic flavour and significantly improves the soup's aroma.
Batman (electoral district)
Batman is an electoral district of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. It elects four members of parliament (deputies) to represent the province of the same name for a four-year term by the D'Hondt method, a party-list proportional representation system.

Batman Province
Batman Province (Turkish: Batman ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Êlihê, transl. "Province of Êlih"; Armenian: Բատմանի զավառ, transl. "Province of Batman") is a province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. It was created in May 1990 with Law No. 3647, incorporating districts from the eastern Siirt Province and the southern Mardin Province. The province has an area of 4,477 km2 (1,729 sq mi) and a population of 634,491 (2022). Its current governor is Ekrem Canalp.

The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority. It is an important center for Turkey's oil industry, which has driven rapid urbanization since the mid-20th century.
Emmet Birk
Emmet Clifford Birk (March 21, 1914 – November 6, 2000) was an American professional basketball player. He played for the Oshkosh All-Stars in the National Basketball League for one game during the 1938–39 season. In college, he played for the University of North Dakota (UND), where he won North Central Conference championships all three years he played. He was inducted into the UND Hall of Fame in 1977.

In his post-basketball career, Birk spent five years serving in the Army during World War II. He then moved to Whittier, California and spent 45 years as a schoolteacher and coach.

Oshkosh All-Stars
The Oshkosh All-Stars were an American professional basketball team based in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. Founded in 1929 by Lonnie Darling, the team was a member of the National Basketball League, a forerunner to the NBA, from 1937 until 1949.
Consistory
Consistory is the anglicized form of the consistorium, a council of the closest advisors of the Roman emperors. It can also refer to:

A papal consistory, a formal meeting of the Sacred College of Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church

Consistory court, a type of ecclesiastical court in the Church of England in the United Kingdom

In Scandinavia, the Chapter of a cathedral

Consistory (Protestantism), a distinct governmental and ecclesiastical office in Europe

In continental Reformed churches, a session or governing body of a local church

Consistory (Judaism), a body governing the Jewish congregations of a province or of a country, primarily those under French influence; also the district administered by the consistory

The Spiritual Consistory, an ecclesiastical office in the Russian Orthodox Church during the Synodal period

Session (Presbyterianism)
A session (from the Latin word sessio, which means "to sit", as in sitting to deliberate or talk about something; sometimes called consistory or church board) is a body of elected elders governing a particular church within presbyterian polity.
Cold Springs, Oregon
Cold Springs is an unincorporated community in Umatilla County, Oregon, United States, south of the Columbia River in the Hermiston area. Cold Springs Junction is a populated place and highway junction about 4 miles (6 km) northeast of Cold Springs at the junction of Oregon Route 37 and U.S. Route 730.

The present-day Cold Springs was a station of the Oregon-Washington Railroad & Navigation Company, which is the Union Pacific Railroad today.

One of several geographic features in the area—including Cold Springs Wash, Cold Springs Reservoir and Cold Springs Canyon—that were likely named after a local spring, Cold Springs post office was established in 1880 and ran until 1883.  It was in the Middle Fork Cold Springs Canyon west of Myrick and east of the reservoir about 28 miles (45 km) northeast of Cold Springs station. The reservoir was formed in the early 1900s when the wash was dammed to provide storage for water diverted from the Umatilla River for irrigation.

Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company
The Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company (OR&N) was a rail and steamboat transport company that operated a rail network of 1,143 miles (1,839 km) running east from Portland, Oregon, United States, to northeastern Oregon, northeastern Washington, and northern Idaho. It operated from 1896 as a consolidation of several smaller railroads.

OR&N was initially operated as an independent carrier, but Union Pacific (UP) purchased a majority stake in the line in 1898. It became a subsidiary of UP titled the Oregon–Washington Railroad and Navigation Company in 1910. In 1936, Union Pacific formally absorbed the system, which became UP's gateway to the Pacific Northwest.
Gladesville
Gladesville is a suburb in the Lower North Shore of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Gladesville is located 10 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Ryde and the Municipality of Hunter's Hill. Gladesville is part of the federal electorate of Bennelong.

Gladesville possesses riverside views and bush settings along the Parramatta River. The nearby Gladesville Bridge (a Sydney landmark that links the North Shore to the Inner West) takes its name from the suburb.

Inner West
The Inner West of Sydney is an area directly west of the Sydney central business district, New South Wales, Australia.  The suburbs that make up the Inner West are predominantly located along the southern shore of Port Jackson (Parramatta River), stretching south to the shores of the Cooks River. The western boundary of the Inner West is approximately the A3 arterial road (Homebush Bay Drive / Centenary Drive), which divides the Inner West from the Greater Western Sydney region. The Inner West is much larger than the Inner West Council local government area. The Inner West roughly corresponds with the Parish of Petersham and Parish of Concord, two cadastral divisions used for land titles.
Le génie du mal
Le génie du mal (French pronunciation: [lə ʒeni dy mal]; or The Genius of Evil or The Spirit of Evil), known informally in English as Lucifer or The Lucifer of Liège is a religious sculpture executed in white marble and installed in 1848 by the Belgian artist Guillaume Geefs. Francophone art historians often refer to the figure as an ange déchu, a "fallen angel".

The sculpture is located in the elaborate pulpit of St. Paul's Cathedral, Liège, and depicts a classically beautiful man chained, seated, and nearly nude but for drapery gathered over his thighs, his full length ensconced within a mandorla of bat wings. Geefs' work replaces an earlier sculpture created for the space by his younger brother Joseph Geefs, L'ange du mal, which was removed from the cathedral because of its distracting allure and "unhealthy beauty".

Jean-Jacques Feuchère
Jean-Jacques Feuchère (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ ʒak føʃɛʁ]; 24 August 1807 – 26 July 1852) was a French sculptor.

He was a student of Jean-Pierre Cortot, and among his students was Jacques-Léonard Maillet.
Khioniya Guseva
Khioniya Kuzminichna Guseva (c. 1880/81 – after 1919; her first name has alternatively been spelled as Khionia or Jina or Chionya, and her surname has been alternatively spelled as Gusyeva)  was a Russian townswoman (meshchanka) of Syzran (near Simbirsk) who attempted to kill Grigori Rasputin in 1914.

Syzran
Syzran (Russian: Сызрань, IPA: [ˈsɨzrənʲ]) is the third largest city in Samara Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of Saratov Reservoir of the Volga River. Population: 165,725 (2021 Census); 178,750 (2010 Census); 188,107 (2002 Census); 174,335 (1989 Soviet census).
Krisa
Krisa also known as Krisi   is a village in Bewani-Wutung Onei Rural LLG, Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea, 20 kilometers south of the provincial capital of Vanimo. In the local language, the village, its people and the local language itself are all known as I'saka.

The traditional language of Krisa is I'saka, but Tok Pisin is the primary language used. Some also know English.

Sandaun Province
Sandaun Province (formerly West Sepik Province) is the northwesternmost mainland province of Papua New Guinea (also known as home of the sunset). It covers an area of 35,920 km2 (13,870 sq mi) and has a population of 248,411 (2011 census). The capital is Vanimo. In July 1998 the area surrounding the town of Aitape was hit by an enormous tsunami caused by a Magnitude 7.0 earthquake which killed over 2,000 people. The five villages along the west coast of Vanimo towards the International Border are namely; Lido, Waromo, Yako, Musu and Wutung. It borders Indonesia.
Meropis (Greek poem)
Meropis (Ancient Greek: ΜΕΡΟΠΙΣ) is an Ancient Greek epic poem of unknown authorship, known only from fragments and references. The fragments describe Heracles among the Meropes, a battle with the giant Asteron, and how the goddess Athena intervenes to aid Hercules. The use of ambrosia in this poem recalls a similar episode in the Odyssey. The episode in which Athena skins Asteron evokes the analogous episode involving Pallas, as described by Pseudo-Apollodorus.

Heracles
Heracles (/ˈhɛrəkliːz/ ⓘ Ancient Greek: Ἡρακλῆς, lit. 'glory/fame of Hera'), born Alcaeus (Ἀλκαῖος, Alkaios) or Alcides (Ἀλκείδης, Alkeidēs), was a divine hero in Greek mythology, the son of Zeus and Alcmene, and the foster son of Amphitryon. He was a descendant of Perseus, another son of Zeus.

He was the greatest of the Greek heroes, the ancestor of royal clans known as Heracleidae (Ἡρακλεῖδαι), and a champion of the Olympian order against chthonic monsters. In Rome and the modern West, he is known as Hercules, with whom the later Roman emperors, in particular Commodus and Maximian, often identified themselves. Details of his cult were adapted to Rome as well.
Joanne Polk
Joanne Polk is a pianist with Bachelor of Music and Master of Music Degrees from  The Juilliard School, and a Doctor of Musical Arts Degree from the Manhattan School of Music. She holds master classes at many universities and festivals across the country and in Asia.

Manhattan School of Music
The Manhattan School of Music (MSM) is a private music conservatory in New York City. The school offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees in the areas of classical performance, jazz performance, contemporary performance, composition, and conducting, as well as a bachelor's in musical theatre.

Founded in 1917, the school is located on Claremont Avenue in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of New York City, adjacent to Broadway and West 122nd Street (Seminary Row). The MSM campus was originally the home to The Institute of Musical Art (which later became Juilliard) until Juilliard moved to the Lincoln Center area of Midtown Manhattan. The property was originally owned by the Bloomingdale Insane Asylum until The Institute of Musical Art purchased it in 1910. Many of the students live in the school's residence hall, Andersen Hall. The school is located close to Columbia University.
Inholms Clay Pit
Inholms Clay Pit is a  8.4-hectare (21-acre) Local Nature Reserve south of Dorking in Surrey. It is owned by Mole Valley District Council and from 2009 - 2019 was managed by Surrey Wildlife Trust and since then by Mole Valley District Council.

This former clay quarry has young woodland and open grassland. Flora in the woods include  dog's mercury and wood anemone, while the grassland has orchids almost entirely common spotted.

Access is from Inholms Lane via a footpath from Holmbury Drive.

The interest of the site lies in its successional diversity, as is typical for brownfield sites.  Habitats range from ancient semi natural woodland to freshly bare soil, with many areas that were bare soil 40 years or more ago.  Two south-facing cliffs were created by SWT around 2012 to benefit thermophilic hymenoptera, a first for Surrey.

Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is a large order of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. Over 150,000 living species of Hymenoptera have been described, in addition to over 2,000 extinct ones. Many of the species are parasitic. Females typically have a special ovipositor for inserting eggs into hosts or places that are otherwise inaccessible. This ovipositor is often modified into a stinger. The young develop through holometabolism (complete metamorphosis)—that is, they have a wormlike larval stage and an inactive pupal stage before they reach adulthood.
Miss North Macedonia
Miss North Macedonia (Macedonian: Мис на Северна Македонија) is a national beauty pageant in North Macedonia where the winners go to Miss Universe, Miss World, Miss Supranational, Miss Grand International and Miss Cosmo pageants. The pageant motto is "Beautifully Confident".

Miss and Mister Supranational
Miss Supranational is an annual international beauty pageant, started in 2009, and with most contests held in Poland. A parallel male contest, Mister Supranational, was launched in 2016, also in Poland.

The current organizers of Miss and Mister Supranational are World Beauty Association S.A. and Nowa Scena.

The current pageant title holders are Eduarda Braum of Brazil and Swann Lavigne of France,  who were elected on June 27 and June 28, 2025, separately, in Nowy Sącz.
Saumspitze
The Saumspitze is a 3,039 m (AA) mountain in the Verwall Alps, a mountain range of the Central Eastern Alps. It is situated in the West of the Austrian state of Tyrol.

The ascent on normal route from the alpine club hut Därmstädter Hütte at 2384 m to the summit takes approximately two hours and difficulty grade is I on UIAA climbing scale.

Central Eastern Alps
The Central Eastern Alps (German: Zentralalpen or Zentrale Ostalpen), also referred to as Austrian Central Alps (German: Österreichische Zentralalpen) or just Central Alps, comprise the main chain of the Eastern Alps in Austria and the adjacent regions of Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Italy and Slovenia. South of them is the Southern Limestone Alps.

The term "Central Alps" is very common in the Geography of Austria as one of the seven major landscape regions of the country. "Central Eastern Alps" is usually used in connection with the Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps (Alpenvereinseinteilung, AVE). The Central Alps form the eastern part of the Alpine divide, its central chain of mountains, as well as those ranges that extend or accompany it to the north and south.

The highest mountain in the Austrian Central Alps is Grossglockner at 3,798 metres (12,461 ft).
Camless piston engine
A camless or free-valve piston engine is an engine that has poppet valves operated by means of electromagnetic, hydraulic, or pneumatic actuators instead of conventional cams. Actuators can be used to both open and close valves, or to open valves closed by springs or other means.

Camshafts normally have one lobe per valve, with a fixed valve duration and lift. Although many modern engines use camshaft phasing, adjusting the lift and valve duration in a working engine is more difficult. Some manufacturers use systems with more than one cam lobe, but this is still a compromise as only a few profiles can be in operation at once. This is not the case with the camless engine, where lift and valve timing can be adjusted freely from valve to valve and from cycle to cycle. It also allows multiple lift events per cycle and, indeed, no events per cycle—switching off the cylinder entirely.

Reciprocating engine
C. Crankshaft

E. Exhaust camshaft

I. Intake camshaft

P. Piston

R. Connecting rod

S. Spark plug

W. Water jacket for coolant flow

V. Valves

A reciprocating engine, more often known as a piston engine, is a heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into a rotating motion. This article describes the common features of all types. The main types are: the internal combustion engine, used extensively in motor vehicles; the steam engine, the mainstay of the Industrial Revolution; and the Stirling engine for niche applications. Internal combustion engines are further classified in two ways: either a spark-ignition (SI) engine, where the spark plug initiates the combustion; or a compression-ignition (CI) engine, where the air within the cylinder is compressed, thus heating it, so that the heated air ignites fuel that is injected then, in a diesel engine, or earlier, in a hot bulb engine.
Boslen
Corben Nikk Bowen  known professionally as Boslen, is a Canadian rapper based in Vancouver, British Columbia. He is most noted for his EP Gonzo, which was shortlisted for the Juno Award for Rap Album/EP of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2023.

Boslen was previously signed to a joint venture deal between Capitol Music Group and Chaos Club Digital, a Vancouver-based record label and management group co-founded by Boslen's manager, Isaac Markinson.

Capitol Music Group
Capitol Music Group is an American umbrella label that operates as a unit of the Interscope Capitol Labels Group, a division of Universal Music Group (UMG). Inherited from UMG's acquisition of EMI's catalog in 2013, it oversees the handling of record labels assigned to UMG's Capitol Records division.  It  is one of the two umbrella labels that make up the Interscope Capitol Labels Group, the other being Interscope Geffen A&M.
Ningjin County, Shandong
Ningjin County (simplified Chinese: 宁津县; traditional Chinese: 寧津縣; pinyin: Níngjīn Xiàn) is a county in the northwest of Shandong province, People's Republic of China, bordering Hebei province to the north. It is administered by the prefecture-level city of Dezhou.

The population was 444,038 in 1999.

Ningjin has been famous for its acrobatics from as early as during the Han dynasty. In 1995 the Ministry of Culture designated Ningjin as the hometown of Chinese acrobatics.

Ministry of Culture (China)
The Ministry of Culture (MOC) was a constituent department of the State Council of China in charge of culture. Its responsibilities encompassed cultural policy and activities in the country, including managing national museums and monuments; promoting and protecting the arts (including censorship of visual, folk, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic works); and managing the national archives and regional culture centers. Its headquarters were in Chaoyang District, Beijing. On 19 March 2018, it was merged with the China National Tourism Administration to establish the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.
Xinjiang Military District
Xinjiang Military District (新疆军区) is a special military area of the PLA at the Theater Deputy-grade (副战区级). It is one of three districts (Tibet and Beijing being the other two) that are directly under the Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission rather than under their Theater Command (in this case, the Western Theater Command).

The district includes all of Xinjiang, plus the Ngari district of Tibet. It has also direct military jurisdiction over the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC).

Grades of the armed forces of China
The organization of the armed forces of the People's Republic of China is based on grades. Each military formation, institution, billet, and officer has a grade. Personnel grades flow from the institution's grade. For example, the grade of a unit commander billet is the same as the unit's, and the officer in that billet receives that grade. Historically, grade, rather than rank, determined or indicated an officer's authority, and various professional and career factors.