hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard of Hexham
Richard of Hexham (fl. 1141) was an English chronicler. He became prior of Hexham about 1141, and died between 1155 and 1167.

He wrote Brevis Annotatio, a short history of the church of Hexham from 674 to 1138, for which he borrowed from Bede, Eddius and Symeon of Durham. This is published by James Raine in The Priory of Hexham, its Chroniclers, Endowments and Annals (Durham, 1864 to 1865). More important is his Historia de gestis regis Stephani ci de bello Standardii, very valuable for the history of the north of England during the earlier part of the reign of Stephen, and especially for the Battle of the Standard in 1138.

This history, which is a contemporary one, covers the period from the death of Henry I in 1135 to early in 1139. It has been edited for the Rolls Series by Richard Howlett in the Chroniclers of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II and Richard I, vol. iii. (1886); and has been translated by Joseph Stevenson in the Church Historians of England, vol. iv. (1856).

James Raine (antiquary)
James Raine (23 January 1791 – 6 December 1858) was an English antiquarian and topographer. A Church of England clergyman from the 1810s, he held a variety of positions, including librarian to the dean and chapter of Durham and rector of Meldon in Northumberland.

A friend of Robert Surtees, whom he assisted in his work, he founded the Surtees Society in Robert's honour after the latter's death in 1834. Raine served as secretary for the society, and by the time of his death in 1858 he had edited seventeen volumes for it, in addition to numerous other published works.
Ram Jam Inn
The Ram Jam Inn was a historic pub in the civil parish of Greetham, Rutland, England, located on the west side of the Great North Road (now the A1), near Stretton, about 7 miles north of Stamford.

The pub closed in August 2013, and it was eventually demolished in November 2022. In November 2024, its grounds were re-used for three buildings, housing Wendy's and Brightside Roadside, with the third to open as a Costa Coffee at a later date.

Stamford, Lincolnshire
Stamford is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population at the 2011 census was 19,701 and estimated at 20,645 in 2019. The town has 17th- and 18th-century stone buildings, older timber-framed buildings and five medieval parish churches.

Stamford is a frequent film location. In 2013 it was rated a top place to live in a survey by The Sunday Times. Its name has been passed on to Stamford, Connecticut, founded in 1641.
Bilar, Bohol
Bilar, officially the Municipality of Bilar (Cebuano: Munisipalidad sa Bilar; Tagalog: Bayan ng Bilar), is a  municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 18,877 people.

Bilar is 42 kilometres (26 mi) from Tagbilaran.

Bilar celebrates its fiesta on May 15, to honor the town patron Saint Isidore the Farmer.

Tagbilaran
Tagbilaran, officially the City of Tagbilaran (Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Tagbilaran; Filipino: Lungsod ng Tagbilaran), is a  component city and capital of the province of Bohol, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 106,120 people making it the most populous in the province.

Tagbilaran is the principal gateway to Bohol, 630 km (390 mi) southeast of the national capital of Manila and 72 km (45 mi) south of the regional capital, Cebu City.
California Motor Transport Co. v. Trucking Unlimited
California Motor Transport Co. v. Trucking Unlimited, 404 U.S. 508 (1972), is a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court involving the right to make petitions to the government. The right to petition is enshrined in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution as: "Congress shall make no law...abridging...the right of the people...to petition the Government for a redress of grievances." This case involved an accusation that one group of companies was using state and federal regulatory actions to eliminate competitors. The Supreme Court ruled that the right to petition is integral to the legal system but using lawful means to achieve unlawful restraint of trade is not protected.

Restraint of trade
Restraints of trade is a common law doctrine relating to the enforceability of contractual restrictions on freedom to conduct business. It is a precursor of modern competition law. In an old leading case of Mitchel v Reynolds  (1711) Lord Smith LC said,

it is the privilege of a trader in a free country, in all matters not contrary to law, to regulate his own mode of carrying it on according to his own discretion and choice. If the law has regulated or restrained his mode of doing this, the law must be obeyed. But no power short of the general law ought to restrain his free discretion.

A contractual undertaking not to trade is void and unenforceable against the promisor as contrary to the public policy of promoting trade, unless the restraint of trade is reasonable to protect the interest of the purchaser of a business.  Restraints of trade can also appear in post-termination restrictive covenants in employment contracts.
Dick Retherford
Richard Eugene Retherford (September 3, 1930 - May 5, 2019) was an American basketball player. He was a member of the United States national team that won gold at the 1954 FIBA World Championship in Rio de Janeiro where he was named to the All-Tournament second team for his play.

Retherford had previously played college basketball for Baldwin-Wallace College from 1949 to 1952 where he scored 1,264 points for his career. He was inducted into the schools athletics Hall of Fame in 1971.

Following his college career, he was drafted by the Milwaukee Hawks in the 8th round of the 1952 NBA draft but never played in the league. Instead, he joined the Peoria Caterpillars of the Amateur Athletic Union where he won back-to-back AAU championships.

Baldwin Wallace University
Baldwin Wallace University (BW) is a private university in Berea, Ohio, United States. Established in 1845 as Baldwin Institute by Methodist businessman and former founder of a utopian community at Berea, Ohio John Baldwin, it merged with nearby German Wallace College in 1913 to become Baldwin-Wallace College. There are two campus sites: Berea, which serves as the main campus, and Corporate College East in Warrensville Heights, Ohio. The university enrolls approximately 3,300 full-time undergraduate and graduate students as of fall 2024. Baldwin Wallace's athletic teams compete as members of NCAA Division III athletics in the Ohio Athletic Conference.
Isawiyya order
The Isawiyya order (Arabic: الطريقة العيساوية, romanized: al-Ṭarīqa al-ʿĪsāwiyya) also known as Aissawa, Issawa, Aissaoua, Issaoua (Arabic: عيساوة, romanized: ʿĪsāwā) is a Sufi religious order or tariqa founded in Meknes, Morocco, by Sheikh al-Kamil Mohamed al-Hadi ben Issa (or Aissa) (1465–1526).

It is known for its spiritual performances, which generally comprise group recitation of religious psalms, accompanied by the use of the oboe ghaita (similar to the mizmar or zurna) and polyrhythmic percussion.

Ceremonies, including symbolic dances to bring the participants to ecstatic trance, are held by the Aissawa in private during domestic ritual nights (lîla-s), and in public during celebrations of cultural festivals and pilgrimages, called moussem-s. Other occasions are religious festivities, such as the Eid holidays or mawlid, celebration of the birth of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Trance
Trance is a state of semi-consciousness in which a person is not self-aware and is either altogether unresponsive to external stimuli (but nevertheless capable of pursuing and realizing an aim) or is selectively responsive in following the directions of the person (if any) who has induced the trance. Trance states may occur involuntarily and unbidden.

The term trance may be associated with hypnosis, spirit possession, magic, flow, prayer, psychedelic drugs, and altered states of consciousness.
Structured document
A structured document is an electronic document where some method of markup is used to identify the whole and parts of the document as having various meanings beyond their formatting. For example, a structured document might identify a certain portion as a "chapter title" (or "code sample" or "quatrain") rather than as "Helvetica bold 24" or "indented Courier". Such portions in general are commonly called "components" or "elements" of a document.

File Retrieval and Editing System
The File Retrieval and Editing SyStem, or FRESS, was a hypertext system developed at Brown University starting in 1968 by Andries van Dam and his students, including Bob Wallace.  It was the first hypertext system to run on readily available commercial hardware and OS.  It is also possibly the first computer-based system to have had an "undo" feature for quickly correcting small editing or navigational mistakes.
Eden House Restaurant
Eden House Restaurant is a heritage-listed detached house at 20 Gillies Highway, Yungaburra, Tablelands Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1914. It is also known as Nibbles Tea House. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Single-family detached home
A single-family detached home – also called a single-detached dwelling, single-family residence (SFR), separate house, or other similar terms – is a free-standing residential building. It is defined in opposition to a multi-family residential dwelling.
Action for the Republic (Catalonia)
Action for the Republic (Catalan: Acció per la República, AxR) is a Catalan nationalist and progressive political party in Catalonia, founded by independent deputies of the Parliament of Catalonia grouped into the Together for the Republic (Catalan: Junts per la República, JuntsxRep) internal current within the Together for Catalonia (JxCat) alliance. The party defines itself ideologically as independentist, republican, ecologist, feminist and progressive, and has the Dutch Democrats 66 party as its ideological referent. It advocates for a "broad republican and patriotic front" together with other pro-independence parties while supporting "a policy of rupture".

Notable party members include former Catalan minister and city councillor in Barcelona Ferran Mascarell and historian Agustí Colomines.

City Council of Barcelona
The City Council of Barcelona (Catalan: Ajuntament de Barcelona; Spanish: Ayuntamiento de Barcelona) is the top-tier administrative and governing body of the municipality of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. In terms of political structure, it consists of the invested Mayor of Barcelona, currently Jaume Collboni, the Government Commission, and an elected 41-member deliberative Plenary (Consell Municipal) with scrutiny powers.
Bircle
The historic parish of Bircle, near Bury, England, was created on 1 July 1846, although the village of Bircle (now known as Birtle) has existed for many centuries. It is believed that 'Bircle' is a shortening of the phrase 'Birch Hill', as it was suggested that there were birch trees in the parish. Names such as "Cleggs Wood", "Simpson Clough" and "Dobb Wood" appear on early Ordnance Survey maps. "Hill' appeared in the fourteenth century in the name of 'Birkhill' but it never found a permanent place. Over time its name has also appeared as Brithull, 1243; Birlcil, 1246; Birkhill, 1334, 1573; but Bircle appears in the Diocese of Manchester directory in England.

Bircle Church is on Castle Hill Road.

Anglican Diocese of Manchester
The Diocese of Manchester is a Church of England diocese in the Province of York, England. Based in the city of Manchester, the diocese covers much of the county of Greater Manchester and small areas of the counties of Lancashire and Cheshire.
Joseph A. Golden
Joseph A. Golden was a silent film director and screenwriter in the United States. His films include A Woman's Wit and Resurrection.  He began working in film in 1907, directing the one-reel film The Hypnotist's Revenge for American Mutoscope & Biograph.

Golden worked for Biograph until Jeremiah Kennedy's arrival in 1907. He was then the chief director at Triumph Film Corporation. In 1910, he worked for Pat Powers' production company, directing a few films with Pearl White. Specializing in adventure films and westerns, he moved on to work for Selig Polyscope. In 1911 alone, he made thirty films. In his career as a director, which lasted thirteen years to 1920, he directed 75 films. From 1911 to 1924, he wrote the screenplay for at least twelve films, most of which he also directed. In 1915, he produced Divorced, directed by Edward Warren and shot in New York. Golden also worked at Crystal Studios with Ludwig G. B. Erb. He died in Los Angeles.

Pearl White
Pearl Fay White (March 4, 1889 – August 4, 1938) was an American stage and film actress. She began her career on the stage at age 6, and later moved on to silent films appearing in a number of popular serials.

Dubbed the "Queen of the Serials", White was noted for doing the majority of her own stunts, most notably in The Perils of Pauline. Often cast as a plucky onscreen heroine, White's roles directly contrasted those of the popularized archetypal ingénue.
Rineloricaria tropeira
Rineloricaria tropeira is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in tributaries of the Canoas River and the Pelotas River in the upper Uruguay River basin in Brazil. The species reaches 10.3 cm (4.1 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

Pelotas River
The Pelotas River (Portuguese: Rio Pelotas [ˈʁi.u peˈlɔtɐs]) is a river in southern Brazil, and a tributary of the Uruguay River.

The river originates in the Serra Geral at Alto do Bispo and flows northeast for 450 kilometres (280 mi) before meeting the Canoas River, forming the Uruguay River. It forms the border between Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina states.

The river is dammed by the Machadinho and Barra Grande Dams.
Thumb position
In music performance and education, thumb position, not a traditional position, is a string instrument playing technique used to facilitate playing in the upper register of the double bass, cello, and related instruments, such as the electric upright bass. To play passages in this register, the player shifts their hand out from behind the neck and curves the hand, using the side of the thumb to press down the string; in effect, the side of the thumb becomes a movable nut (capo).

Register (music)
A register is the range within pitch space of some music or often musical speech. It may describe a given pitch or pitch class (or set of them), a human voice or musical instrument (or group of them), or both, as in a melody or part. It is also often related to timbre and musical form. In musical compositions, it may be fixed or "frozen".
Yorgancıoğlu cabinet
Yorgancıoğlu cabinet was the government of Northern Cyprus between 2 September 2013 and 16 July 2015. It was formed after the 2013 parliamentary election, with the Republican Turkish Party (CTP) as the senior partner and the Democratic Party (DP) as the junior partner.

Republican Turkish Party
The Republican Turkish Party (Turkish: Cumhuriyetçi Türk Partisi, CTP) is a social democratic political party in Northern Cyprus. The party was founded in 1970 by Ahmet Mithat Berberoğlu, a lawyer, in opposition to the leadership of Fazıl Küçük and Rauf Denktaş.

On 30 June 2008, the Republican Turkish Party became a consultative member of the Socialist International (voted in by all members except the Greek Cypriot Movement for Social Democracy). It became a full member of the organization in 2014.
Andrei Kazusenok
Andrei Fyodorovich Kazusenok (Belarusian: Андрей Фёдорович Казусенок, born 15 January 1984) is a Belarusian judoka and sambist.

At the 2008 Summer Olympics Kazusenok was eliminated in the quarterfinals of the 90 kg competition after losing his fight to Ivan Pershin. In the repechage he lost to eventual bronze medalist Hesham Mesbah of Egypt. In sambo, Kazusenok won gold at the 2007 and 2008 World Championships.

Repechage
Repechage (/ˌrɛpɪˈʃɑːʒ/ ⓘ REP-ish-AHZH, UK also /ˈrɛpɪʃɑːʒ/ REP-ish-ahzh; French: repêchage [ʁəpɛʃaʒ] ⓘ, lit. 'fishing out'  or 'rescuing') is a practice in series competitions that allows participants who failed to meet qualifying standards by a small margin to continue to the next round. A well-known example is the wild card system.
Kongsvang tram stop
Kongsvang tram stop is a tram station serving the district of Viby in the city of Aarhus in Jutland, Denmark. The tram stop is located on the Odder Line between Aarhus and Odder, part of Aarhus Letbane (Aarhus light rail). The Fredericia-Aarhus Line passes through the station. Until 2016 this was a railway halt, part of Aarhus Nærbane. From 2016 to 2018, the station was temporarily closed along with the Grenaa Line while being reconstructed  and electrified to form part of the Aarhus light rail system.

Odder Line
The Odder Line (Danish: Odderbanen), also known formerly as the Hads-Ning Herreders Jernbane (HHJ), is a 26.5 km (16.5 mi) long standard-gauge single-track light-rail line which connects the city of Aarhus to the town of Odder in the Central Denmark Region. The Odder Line has its own route between Rosenhøj and Odder, and parallels the mainline between Rosenhøj and Aarhus.

The line, first opened in 1884, was originally operated by the HHJ, which merged with the Lemvig Line (VLTJ) in 2008 to form Midtjyske Jernbaner. From 2012 to 2016 services on the line were operated by DSB as part of Aarhus Nærbane (Aarhus Commuter Rail).

The line was rebuilt in 2016–2018 to convert it into an electrified Aarhus Letbane (Aarhus Light Rail) route, operated by Midttrafik, with new tram-trains entering service in August 2018.
Weeds & Water
Weeds and Water is the fourth studio album by the Western band Riders in the Sky, released in 1983.  It is available as a single CD.  The album features cowboy music standards like "Cool Water," "Tumbling Tumbleweeds" and "Streets of Laredo," along with several originals.

This album was first released in the early 1980s as a direct-mail TV package. It was remixed and remastered in 1983, with the steel guitar of Kayton Roberts replacing the original steel tracks.

Western music (North America)
Western music, also known as country and western or simply western, is a form of music composed by and about the people who settled and worked throughout the Western United States and Western Canada. Western music celebrates the lifestyle of the cowboy on the open range, along the Rocky Mountains, and among the prairies of Western North America. The genre grew from the mix of cultural influences in the American frontier and what became the Southwestern United States at the time, it came from the folk music traditions of those living the region, those being the hillbilly music from those that arrived from the Eastern U.S., the corrido and ranchera from Northern Mexico, and the New Mexico and Tejano endemic to the Southwest. The music industry of the mid-20th century grouped the western genre with that of similar folk origins, instrumentation and rural themes, to create the banner of country and western music, which was simplified in time to country music.
Matanzas State Forest
The Matanzas State Forest is in the U.S. state of Florida. The 4,699-acre (19 km2) forest is located in northeastern Florida, near St. Augustine, though it is closer to Crescent Beach. Matanzas State Forest is bordered approximately by U.S. 1 to the west, State Road 206 to the north, the Matanzas River to the east, and the Faver-Dykes State Park to the south.

Besides being owned by the Florida State Division of Forestry, Matanzas State Forest is also co-managed in cooperation with the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission and the St. Johns River Water Management District.

Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission
The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) is a Florida government agency founded in 1999 and headquartered in Tallahassee. It manages and regulates the state's fish and wildlife resources, and enforces related laws. Officers are managers, researchers, and support personnel, and  perform law enforcement in the course of their duties.
Enrique
Enrique (Spanish pronunciation: [enˈrike]) is the Spanish variant of the given name Heinrich of Germanic origin.

Equivalents in other languages are Henry (English), Enric (Catalan), Enrico (Italian), Henrik (Swedish, Danish, and Norwegian), Heinrich (German), Hendrik, Henk (Dutch), Henri (French), and Henrique (Portuguese). Common nicknames of Enrique are Kiki, Kiko, Kike, Rick, Ricky, and Quique.

Enrique is also a surname. A variant surname is Enriquez (son of Enrique).

Notable people with the name include:

Heinrich (given name)
Heinrich (German pronunciation: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç] ⓘ) is a German given name of ancient Germanic origin and a cognate to Henry. The female forms are Henrike and Henriette. The most famous patron saint is Henry (died 1024), as the German Emperor Henry II.
San Francisco Art Association
The San Francisco Art Association (SFAA) was an organization that promoted California artists, held art exhibitions, published a periodical, and established the first art school west of Chicago. The SFAA – which, by 1961, completed a long sequence of mission shifts and re-namings to become the San Francisco Art Institute – was the predecessor of the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Over its lifetime, the association helped establish a Northern California regional flavor of California Tonalism as differentiated from Southern California American Impressionism.

American Impressionism
American Impressionism was a style of painting related to European Impressionism and practiced by American artists in the United States from the mid-nineteenth century through the beginning of the twentieth. The style is characterized by loose brushwork and vivid colors with a wide array of subject matters but focusing on landscapes and upper-class domestic life.
Pigpen cipher
The pigpen cipher (alternatively referred to as the masonic cipher, Freemason's cipher, Rosicrucian cipher, Napoleon cipher, and tic-tac-toe cipher) is a geometric simple substitution cipher, which exchanges letters for symbols which are fragments of a grid.  The example key shows one way the letters can be assigned to the grid.

David Kahn (writer)
David Kahn (February 7, 1930 – January 23, 2024) was an American historian, journalist, and writer. He wrote extensively on the history of cryptography and military intelligence.

Kahn's first published book, The Codebreakers – The Story of Secret Writing (1967), has been widely considered to be a definitive account of the history of cryptography.
Kalamazoo (film)
Kalamazoo is a Canadian fantasy drama film, directed by André Forcier and released in 1988. The film stars Rémy Girard as Félix Cotnoir, a retired botanist who meets painter Pasquale Globensky (Tony Nardi) after crashing his car into a telephone booth; introduced by Globensky to the novel Kalamazoo by writer Hélène Montana (Marie Tifo), he soon falls in love with a mermaid who is Hélène's double in appearance.

The film won the Prix L.-E.-Ouimet-Molson from the Association québécoise des critiques de cinéma in 1989.

Prix Luc-Perreault
The Prix Luc-Perreault, formerly known as the Prix L.-E.-Ouimet-Molson, is an annual Canadian film award, presented by the Association québécoise des critiques de cinéma to a film deemed to be the best film of the year from Quebec, from among the films screening at that year's Rendez-vous Québec Cinéma.