hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Army Energy Initiatives Task Force
The Army Energy Initiatives Task Force (EITF) serves as the central management office for partnering with United States Army installations to implement cost-effective, large-scale renewable energy projects, leveraging private sector financing" part of the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Army for Installations, Energy and Environment.  The Secretary of the Army John M. McHugh established the task force on Sept. 15, 2011.

The EITF supports the Army's goal of deploying 1 gigawatt of renewable energy by 2025.

On 1 October 2014, the Secretary of the Army directed the establishment of the permanent U.S. Army Office of Energy Initiatives (OEI).

John M. McHugh
John Michael McHugh (born September 29, 1948) is an American politician from the U.S. state of New York who served as the 21st United States Secretary of the Army, and represented the state's 23rd congressional district in the United States House of Representatives.

In June 2009, President Barack Obama nominated McHugh to the position of United States Secretary of the Army. His nomination was confirmed by the United States Senate and he took office on September 21, 2009.

In July 2015, McHugh announced his intent to resign by November 2015. He retired on November 1, 2015 after more than six years of service. On September 18, 2015, President Obama nominated Eric Fanning to be his replacement.
Amherst (surname)
Amherst is a surname.  Notable people with the surname include:

Baron Amherst (disambiguation), in particular:
Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst (1717–1797), British army officer
William Amherst (British Army officer) (1732–1781), younger brother of the above

Baron Amherst of Hackney, created 1892 for:
William Tyssen-Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst of Hackney
Alicia Amherst (1865–1941), gardening historian and daughter of the above

Earl Amherst:
William Amherst, 1st Earl Amherst, Governor-General of India from August 1823 to February 1828
William Amherst, 2nd Earl Amherst
Josceline Amherst, Australian politician and fifth son of the 2nd earl
William Amherst, 3rd Earl Amherst
Hugh Amherst, 4th Earl Amherst
Jeffery Amherst, 5th Earl Amherst

Elizabeth Amherst Hale (1774–1826), Canadian artist born Elizabeth Frances Amherst

William Amherst (British Army officer)
Lieutenant-General William Amherst (5 February 1732 – 13 May 1781) was a British Army officer and politician. During the Seven Years' War, he led British forces that recaptured St. John's, Newfoundland from the French at the 1762 Battle of Signal Hill.
Lawrence Harrison (academic)
Lawrence E. Harrison (March 11, 1932 - December 9, 2015) was an American scholar known for his work on international development and being former USAID mission director to various Latin American countries. He is the past director of the Cultural Change Institute at the Fletcher School, Tufts University, where he also served as an adjunct lecturer. He is the author of various books and articles, most notably his work with Samuel P. Huntington, Culture Matters.

His work was cited thousands of times in books, journals, and other academic works. He was also noted as an influence on USAID's policies. His views created considerable disputes with some, such as Professor Noam Chomsky.

He died December 9, 2015, at the University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece.

Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy
The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy is the graduate school for international relations at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts, United States.

Fletcher is one of America's oldest graduate schools of international relations. Each fall, Fletcher admits an average of 330 students to its various programs, of whom 40 percent are international students and around a quarter are U.S. minorities.
Yaeyama Jofu
Yaeyama jofu (Japanese: 八重山上布; Okinawan:Husu) is a traditional Japanese textile made from the ramie plant that is produced mainly on Ishigaki Island in the Yaeyama Islands, Okinawa. Known for its lightness and breathability, the fabric features distinctive kasuri patterns and is used for summer kimono and obi.

In 2024, Sakchiko Arakaki of Ishigaki Island was officially recognized as a Living National Treasure (Holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property) for her mastery of Yaeyama Jofu weaving.

Japanese craft
Traditional crafts (工芸, kōgei; lit. 'engineered art') in Japan have a long tradition and history. Included in the category of traditional crafts are handicrafts produced by individual artisans or groups, as well as works created by independent studio artists working with traditional craft materials, processes, or techniques.
Eugene Chelyshev
Eugene Petrovich Chelyshev  or E. P. Chelyshev (Russian: Евгений Петрович Челышев, 27 October 1921 – 13 July 2020) was a Russian Indologist, academician and public figure. He was a full-time member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1987), and he was the Academician-Secretary of the Department of Literature and Language Sciences (1988–2002), and a member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He was awarded two Orders of the Red Star (1944, 1949), Order of the Patriotic War II degree (1985), Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" IV Degree (1997), III degree (2007), II degree (2020), Order of Honour (2012). Member of the Writers' Union of Russia.

Order of the Patriotic War
The Order of the Patriotic War (Russian: Орден Отечественной войны, romanized: Orden Otechestvennoy voiny) is a Soviet military decoration that was awarded to all soldiers in the Soviet armed forces, security troops, and to partisans for heroic deeds in the Eastern Front of World War II. After the beginning of the German Operation Barbarossa, the Soviet Government applied the term "Great Patriotic War" to the war.
Arduodens
Arduodens is an extinct genus of ctenacanth fish from the Devonian period. Its name is derived from the Latin Arduus meaning steep and dens meaning tooth. It is currently known from a singular species, A. flammeus. It was described from isolated cladodont teeth found in deposits from the upper Frasnian to lower Fammenian of central Iran. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin for "flamming."

Cladodont
Cladodont (from Latin cladus, meaning branch and Greek Odon, meaning tooth) is the term for a common category of early Devonian shark known primarily for its "multi-cusped" tooth consisting of one long blade surrounded by many short, fork-like tines, designed to catch food that was swallowed whole, instead of being used to saw off chunks of meat like many modern sharks. The skinny teeth would puncture and grasp the prey, keeping it from wriggling free.

Because the most common fossil evidence of cartilaginous fish is teeth, this term is also used for the fossilised teeth themselves.
Philopator
Philopator (Greek: Φιλοπάτωρ), meaning "father-loving", was a common royal epithet among Hellenistic monarchs:

Ptolemy IV Philopator, King of Egypt

Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator, King of Egypt

Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator, King of Egypt

Cleopatra VII Philopator, Queen of Egypt

Ptolemy XV Philopator Philometor Caesar, son of Cleopatra VII and Julius Caesar

Arsinoe III Philopator, Queen of Egypt

Seleucus IV Philopator, Seleucid king

Antiochus X Eusebes Philopator, Seleucid king

Ariarathes V Eusebes Philopator, King of Cappadocia

Ariarathes VI Epiphanes Philopator, King of Cappadocia

Ariarathes IX Eusebes Philopator, King of Cappadocia

Ariobarzanes II Philopator, King of Cappadocia

Mithridates IV Philopator Philadelphos, King of Pontus

Strato III Soter Philopator, Indo-Greek king

It can also refer to:

Philopator I, Roman client king of Cilicia

Philopator II, Roman client king of Cilicia

Philopator (moth), a genus of moths in the family Zygaenidae

Philopator I
Philopator I (Ancient Greek: Φιλοπάτωρ) was the Roman client king of Cilicia briefly in 31–30 BC.

He was a son of Tarcondimotus I who, like his father, at first sided with Mark Antony during the civil war between him and Octavian. After Octavian's victory in the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, and his father's death, he quickly changed sides, but Octavian nevertheless deposed him from his kingdom in 30 BC. In 20 BC, Cilicia was restored as a kingdom with a king called Tarcondimotus II. The identity of this Tarcondimotus is obscure, but Gilbert Dagron and Denis Feissel have suggested he is the same person as Philopator I; in which case he ruled until his death in 17 AD.
Pleuro
Pleuro is a village in northern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Dikodougou, Dikodougou Department, Poro Region, Savanes District.

Pleuro was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Dikodougou
Dikodougou is a town in north-central Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of and the seat of Dikodougou Department in Poro Region, Savanes District. Dikodougou is also a commune.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Dikodougou was 39,567.
Ballona Creek Bike Path
The Ballona Creek Bike Path (pronunciation: “Bah-yo-nuh" or “Buy-yo-nah”) is a 6.7-mile (10.8 km) Class I bicycle path and pedestrian route in California. The bike path follows the north bank of Ballona Creek until it reaches Santa Monica Bay at the Pacific Ocean. The route is defined by, and recognized for, the dramatic contrast between the channelized waterway’s stark cement geometry and the abundant wildlife of the verdant Ballona Wetlands.

California bikeway classifications
California bikeway classifications are standards for identifying the level of travel efficiency and human protection offered by the various bike routes in the state. Traffic engineers use the designations for route planning.
2003 Abierto Mexicano Telefonica Movistar – Women's doubles
Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez were the defending champions, but did not compete this year.

Émilie Loit and Åsa Svensson won the title by defeating Petra Mandula and Patricia Wartusch 6–3, 6–1 in the final. It was the 6th title for Loit and the 15th title for Svensson in their respective doubles careers.

Virginia Ruano Pascual
Virginia Ruano Pascual (Spanish pronunciation: [biɾˈxinja ˈrwano pasˈkwal]; born 21 September 1973) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. She had moderate success in singles, winning three WTA Tour titles as well as reaching two major quarterfinals and a top-30 ranking, but she had been far more successful in doubles.

She won 43 career doubles titles, including eleven at Grand Slam tournaments: ten in women's doubles (eight partnering Paola Suárez, and two partnering Anabel Medina Garrigues) and one in mixed doubles (partnering Tomás Carbonell). Between 2002 and 2004, along with Suárez, she reached nine consecutive Grand Slam tournament finals (won five) and they reached at least the semifinals of the last twelve Grand Slam tournaments they played. Their winning run came to an end when they lost in the 2009 Wimbledon semifinals. Alongside Suarez, the pair was named as a ITF World Champions for the three consecutive years in a row (2002-2004).
Southard, Missouri
Southard is an unincorporated community in southern Laclede County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community is on a county road two miles south of Nebo and 3.5 miles northwest of Lynchburg. The Pine Creek tributary to the Gasconade River flows past the south side of the community.

Gasconade River
The Gasconade River is about 280 miles (450 km) long and is located in central and south-central Missouri.

The Gasconade River begins in the Ozarks southwest of Hartville in Wright County and flows generally north-northeastwardly through Wright, Laclede, Pulaski, Phelps, Maries, Osage and Gasconade counties, through portions of the Mark Twain National Forest.  It flows into the Missouri River near the town of Gasconade in Gasconade County. At Rich Fountain, the river has a mean annual discharge of 3,097 cubic feet per second.
Haya (god)
Haya was a Mesopotamian god associated with scribal arts and possibly with grain. He was considered to be husband of Nisaba and father of Sud. He was also associated with Enlil, both as his father-in-law and an official in his service. He was worshiped in Ur, Umma, Kuara, Shaduppum and later on also in Assur. He is sparsely attested in literary texts, with only a single known hymn being dedicated to him. He also plays a minor role in the myth Enlil and Sud.

Theophoric name
A theophoric name (from Greek: θεόφορος, theophoros, literally "bearing or carrying a god") embeds the word equivalent of 'god' or a god's name in a person's name, reflecting something about the character of the person so named in relation to that deity. For example, names embedding Apollo, such as Apollonios or Apollodorus, existed in Greek antiquity.

Theophoric personal names, containing the name of a god in whose care the individual is entrusted (or a generic word for god), were also exceedingly common in the ancient Near East and Mesopotamia.  Some names of theophoric origin remain common today, such as Theodore (theo-, "god"; -dore, origin of word compound in Greek: doron, "gift"; hence "God's gift"; in Greek: Theodoros) or, less recognisably, Jonathan (from Hebrew Yonatan/Yehonatan, meaning "Yahweh has given").
Stephen Port
Stephen John Port (born 22 February 1975) is a British serial killer and serial rapist. He has been convicted of the murder of four young men and multiple rapes and sexual assaults of several others. Port received a sentence of life imprisonment with a whole life order on 25 November 2016.

Γ-Butyrolactone
γ-Butyrolactone (GBL) or gamma-butyrolactone is an organic compound with the formula O=CO(CH2)3. It is a hygroscopic, colorless, water-miscible liquid with a pleasant odor. It is the simplest 4-carbon lactone. It is mainly used as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

In humans, GBL acts as a prodrug for gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and is often used as a recreational drug. GHB acts as a central nervous system (CNS) depressant with effects similar to those of barbiturates.
Alcohol-infused whipped cream
Alcohol-infused whipped cream is a type of whipped cream that is mixed with an alcoholic drink.

Commercial versions sold in aerosol cans were a fad in the United States in 2010, with products dating back to at least 2005. The cream has been sold under brand names such as Liquor Whipped, which is 14% alcohol by volume; CREAM, which is 15%; Whipped Lightning which is 17.8% and is made in various flavors; Get Whipped, Whipsy, which is 13.5% and made with wine; and Canisters of Cream.

Alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, divided by the volume of the solution, both at 20 °C (68 °F). Pure ethanol is lighter than water, with a density of 0.78945 g/mL (0.82353 oz/US fl oz; 0.79122 oz/imp fl oz; 0.45633 oz/cu in). The alc/vol standard is used worldwide. The International Organization of Legal Metrology has tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures.

In some countries, e.g. France, alcohol by volume is often referred to as degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac), although there is a slight difference since the Gay-Lussac convention uses the International Standard Atmosphere value for temperature, 15 °C (59 °F).
Majagua, Cuba
Majagua (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈxaɣwa]) is a municipality and town in the Ciego de Ávila Province of Cuba. It is located in the eastern part of the province and is bisected by the Carretera Central highway.

Carretera Central (Cuba)
The Carretera Central (CC), meaning "Central Road", is a west-east highway spanning the length of the island of Cuba. The route is numbered N–1, with it being split into 6 regions, being 1–N–1, 2–N–1, 3–N–1, 4–N–1, 5–N–1, and 6–N–1.
Kürkçü, Bor
Kürkçü  is a village in Bor District of Niğde Province, Turkey. Its population is 75 (2022). It is situated to the north of Taurus Mountains. Its distance to Bor is  31 kilometres (19 mi) to Niğde is 40 kilometres (25 mi).

Taurus Mountains
The Taurus Mountains (Turkish: Toros Dağları or Toroslar; Kurdish: Çiyayên Torosê) are a mountain complex in southern Turkey, separating the Mediterranean coastal region from the central Anatolian Plateau. The system extends along a curve from Lake Eğirdir in the west to the upper reaches of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in the east. It is a part of the Alpide belt in Eurasia.
Azaran, Mazandaran
Azaran (Persian: ازاران, also Romanized as Āzārān) is a village in Sajjadrud Rural District, Bandpey-ye Sharqi District, Babol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 123, in 30 families.

Babol County
Babol County(Persian: شهرستان بابل) is the most populous county in Mazandaran province and the second most populous county in northern Iran. The capital of the county is the city of Babol. Babol County consists of six districts, seven cities, and nearly 700 villages.

The elevation of the city of Babol is 2 meters below sea level, making it the "lowest" city in Mazandaran province. The elevation in the county, from the north to 10 kilometers south, is below sea level. The city of Babol is divided into two urban areas. The population of Babol in 2016 was 250,217, and that of Babol County 531,930.
Disco in Dream
Disco in Dream is the debut concert tour by Australian recording artist Kylie Minogue. Although headlined by Minogue, the tour was an ensemble show alongside fellow Stock Aitken Waterman acts Sinitta and Dead Or Alive and supported her first two studio albums, Kylie (1988) and Enjoy Yourself (1989). The tour took place in Asia, later travelling to Europe re-titled as 'The Coca-Cola Hitman Roadshow' with a different line up of PWL and Stock Aitken Waterman artists such as Big Fun and Sonia. The shows were free to "thank British fans for their support" and targeted towards fans under the age of 18.

It is likely that during the Disco in Dream tour, the relationship between Kylie and INXS lead singer Michael Hutchence began. Michael reportedly owned an apartment in Hong Kong and, following previous flirtations at industry events Michael successfully managed to seduce the singer. Kylie ended her relationship with Jason Donovan soon afterwards.

Sonia (singer)
Sonia Evans (born 13 February 1971), known mononymously as Sonia, is an English pop singer from Liverpool. She had a 1989 UK number one hit with "You'll Never Stop Me Loving You" and became the first female UK artist to achieve five top 20 hit singles from one album.. She represented the United Kingdom in the 1993 Eurovision Song Contest, where she finished second with the song "Better the Devil You Know".

Between 1989 and 1993, she had 11 UK top 30 hits, including "Listen to Your Heart" (1989), "Counting Every Minute" (1990) and "Only Fools (Never Fall in Love)" (1991). In 1994, she starred as Sandy in a West End revival of the musical Grease, while on television she appeared as Bunty in the 1998 BBC comedy series The Lily Savage Show.
Liberal Democrat Conference
The Liberal Democrat Conference, also known inside the party as the Liberal Democrat Federal Conference, is a twice-per-year political conference of the British Liberal Democrats, the third-largest political party in the UK by the number of seats in the House of Commons, and the fourth largest by popular vote following the 2024 general election. The Conference is typically held over three days in Spring and four in Autumn, during the party conference season, at a variety of venues (due to COVID-19, between Spring 2020 — Spring 2022 inclusive, as a primarily Online event). It culminates in a speech by the party's Leader.

The Liberal Democrat Conference is organised by the Federal Conference Committee, an internal body of the Liberal Democrats. Conference is the ultimate decision-making body of the Liberal Democrats, one of the few British political parties to use its annual gathering for voting and policy resolution.

One man, one vote
"One man, one vote" or "one vote, one value" is a slogan used to advocate for the principle of equal representation in voting. This slogan is used by advocates of democracy and political equality, especially with regard to electoral reforms like universal suffrage, direct elections, and proportional representation.
Clarence Funnyé
Clarence Delmonte Funnyé was the chairman of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) in Harlem from 1964 to 1965. He staged a series of creative protests that promoted policies of radical integrationism and challenged "the exclusion of blacks in the media." For example, he stood on a street corner with television sets tuned to various channels and offered a dollar to whoever saw a black person on the screens (in six days there were 15 sightings).
In 1963 he wrote to the Coca-Cola Company, asking that it introduce racial integration in its advertising or face a boycott. The company first placed integrated ads in magazines such as Ebony, with its first such television commercial appearing in 1969.

His younger sister, Doris Funnye Innis also became an active member of the Congress of Racial Equality serving as the Editor for its publications, Rights and Reviews and CORE Magazine. Doris went on to marry Roy Innis, who later became National Chairman of CORE.

Racial integration
Racial integration, or simply integration, includes desegregation (the process of ending systematic racial segregation), leveling barriers to association, creating equal opportunity regardless of race, and the development of a culture that draws on diverse traditions, rather than merely bringing a racial minority into the majority culture. Desegregation is largely a legal matter, integration largely a social one.
Long Island (Washington)
Long Island is an uninhabited island lying in the southern part of Willapa Bay in Pacific County, Washington, United States. It is the site of the Willapa National Wildlife Refuge, part of the U.S. National Wildlife Refuge System. The island has a land area of 21.666 km2 (8.365 sq mi).

National Wildlife Refuge
The National Wildlife Refuge System is a system of protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, an agency within the Department of the Interior. The National Wildlife Refuge System is the system of public lands and waters set aside to conserve America's fish, wildlife, and plants.
Máfil
Máfil (Mapudungun for embraced between rivers) is a city and commune of the Valdivia Province, Los Ríos Region in southern Chile, about 30 km northeast of Valdivia.

The commune is the site of a dairy industry and the town of Máfil a local centre of commerce and services such as basic education and a community health center. Relative to other communes of Los Ríos Region Máfil stands out for its central position and good road connections to the surrounding communes.

The climate of Máfil is temperate oceanic with at least four dry months. A total of 803 mm of precipitation occurs in winter and 189 mm in summer according to averages calculated in 1989. The natural vegetation of Máfil is Valdivian temperate forests.

The main natural resources of Máfil are the forest and their timber, the gold of Madre de Dios and coal in Pupunahue and Millahuillín. The commune has soils of volcanic origin including trumaos.

Trumao
Trumao is the name of a soil of the Andosol order found in southern and central Chile. Trumaos are formed from young volcanic ash, by volcanic ash redeposited by aeolian processes or by volcanic ash mobilized as alluvium. Trumaos are characterized by containing the following minerals: allophane, imogolite plus a series of paracrystalline and non-crystalline clays. These soils have high porosity and low bulk density. A more dry and a more humid variety of trumaos exists. The dry variety is known simply as trumao while the humid variety is known as trumao húmedo.

In terms of latitude trumaos can be found in the Andes from 33° S to 43° S, in the Central Valley from 38° S to 43° S and in the eastern slopes of the Chilean Coast Range from 39° S to 43° S.