hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nichole Denby
Nichole Denby (born 10 October 1982) is an American-Nigerian track and field athlete who specializes in the 100 meters hurdles. She represented the United States at the 2007 World Championships narrowly missing the final.

In 2014, she switched her allegiance to Nigeria, competing for the new nation at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, as well as 2014 African Championships where she won her first medal for Nigeria.

She has had personal bests of 12.54 seconds in the 100 metres hurdles (Eugene 2008) and 7.93 in the 60 metres hurdles (Boston 2007).

While running for North High School in Riverside, California, she was the 1999 and 2000 CIF California State Meet Champion in the 100 meters hurdles.  Her 13.20 win in 2000 set the National High School Record at the time.

Representing the Texas Longhorns women's track and field team, Denby won the 2004 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships in the 100 m hurdles.

2014 African Championships in Athletics
The 2014 African Championships in Athletics was held in Marrakesh, Morocco from 10 to 14 August 2014. The competition was the 19th edition of Africa senior championships. The competition served as preparation to African athletes for the next continental cup which is planned to hold on 13 and 14 September 2014 in Marrakech. It was the second time that Morocco had hosted the event.
Undecaprenyl phosphate N,N'-diacetylbacillosamine 1-phosphate transferase
Phosphoglycosyl transferase C (PglC) is an enzyme belonging to a class known as monotopic phosphoglycosyl transferases (PGT). PGTs are required for the synthesis of glycoconjugates on the membrane surface of bacteria. Glycoconjugates, such as glycoproteins, are imperative for bacterial communication as well as host cell interactions between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells lending to bacteria's pathogenicity.

Single-pass membrane protein
A single-pass membrane protein also known as single-spanning protein or bitopic protein is a transmembrane protein that spans the lipid bilayer only once. These proteins may constitute up to 50% of all transmembrane proteins, depending on the organism, and contribute significantly to the network of interactions between different proteins in cells, including interactions via transmembrane alpha helices. They usually include one or several water-soluble protein domains situated at the different sides of biological membranes, for example in single-pass transmembrane receptors. Some of them are small and serve as regulatory or structure-stabilizing subunits in large multi-protein transmembrane complexes, such as photosystems or the respiratory chain. More than 2300 single-pass membrane proteins have been identified in the human genome.
Campaign to suppress bandits in northeast China
The campaign to suppress bandits in northeast China (东北剿匪) was a counterinsurgency operation waged by the Chinese Communist Party against bandits and guerrillas affiliated with the Kuomintang near the end of the Chinese Civil War.

Tongjiang, Heilongjiang
Tongjiang (Chinese: 同江市; pinyin: Tóngjiāng Shì) is a city of 160,000 in eastern Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China, located at the confluence and on the right banks of the Songhua and Amur Rivers, the latter which marks the border with Russia. Administratively, it is a county-level city of Jiamusi.
1904 Arizona football team
The 1904 Arizona football team was an American football team that represented the University of Arizona as independent during the 1904 college football season. In its second season under head coach Orin A. Kates, the team compiled a 3–1–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 66 to 48. The team captain was Burrell R. Hatcher.

1904 college football season
The 1904 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Michigan, Minnesota, and Penn as having been selected national champions.

1904 was a big year for the South. It was the first year for: Dan McGugin at Vanderbilt, Mike Donahue at Auburn, and John Heisman at Georgia Tech.
Donald Nicholson (Canadian politician)
Donald Nicholson (March 20, 1850 - April 30, 1932) was a Canadian politician, who served in the House of Commons of Canada from 1911 to 1921. He represented the Prince Edward Island electoral district of Queen's as a member of the Conservative Party from 1911 to 1917, and the Unionist Party from 1917 to 1921.

Prior to his election to the House of Commons, Nicholson was a tobacco merchant.

Nicholson built two houses on Fitzroy Street in Charlottetown, at house numbers 13 and 15, for his sons Edward and Robert. Both are designated as historic properties by the city of Charlottetown.

John Paton Nicholson, Robert's son and Donald's grandson, later became chief justice of the Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island.

Charlottetown
Charlottetown is the capital and largest city of the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island, and the county seat of Queens County. Named after Queen Charlotte, Charlottetown was an unincorporated town until it was incorporated as a city in 1855.

It was the site of the famous Charlottetown Conference in 1864, the first gathering of Canadian and Maritime statesmen to discuss the proposed Maritime Union. This conference led, instead, to the union of British North American colonies in 1867, which was the beginning of the Canadian Confederation. Prince Edward Island, however, did not join Confederation until 1873. From this, the city adopted as its motto Cunabula Foederis, "Birthplace of Confederation".

The population of Charlottetown is estimated to be 40,500 (2022); this forms the centre of a census agglomeration of 83,063 (2021), which is roughly half of the province's population (160,302).
Mike Pondsmith
Michael Alyn Pondsmith is an American roleplaying, board, and video game designer. He founded the publisher R. Talsorian Games in 1982, where he developed a majority of the company's role-playing game lines. Pondsmith is the author of several RPG lines, including Mekton (1984), Cyberpunk (1988) and Castle Falkenstein (1994). He also contributed to the Forgotten Realms and Oriental Adventures lines of the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game, worked in various capacities on video games, and authored or co-created several board games. Pondsmith also worked as an instructor at the DigiPen Institute of Technology.

Hero Games
Hero Games (DOJ, Inc. dba "Hero Games") is the publisher of the Hero System, a generic roleplaying rules set that can be used to simulate many different genres, and was the co-developer of the Fuzion system.
Tadas Ivanauskas Zoological Museum
The Tadas Ivanauskas Zoological Museum (Lithuanian: Kauno Tado Ivanausko zoologijos muziejus) is a museum of zoology, established in Kaunas, Lithuania, in 1919 by Tadas Ivanauskas (1882–1970).

The museum collects and exhibits various animals: hunting trophies, stuffed animals, insect collections, skeletons, and dissections. It is also an educational and research institution that has four branches: bird ringing stations in Ventė Cape and Juodkrantė, nature reserves in Čepkeliai Marsh and Lake Žuvintas.

Insect collecting
Insect collecting refers to the collection of insects and other arthropods for scientific study or as a hobby. Most insects are small and the majority cannot be identified without the examination of minute morphological characters, so entomologists often make and maintain insect collections. Very large collections are preserved in natural history museums or universities where they are maintained and studied by specialists. Many college courses require students to form small collections. There are also amateur entomologists and collectors who keep collections.

Historically, insect collecting has been widespread and was in the Victorian age a very popular educational hobby. Insect collecting has left traces in European cultural history, literature and songs, e.g., Georges Brassens's La chasse aux papillons (The Hunt for Butterflies). The practice is particularly common among Japanese youths.
Ahmed al-Alwani
Ahmed al-Alwani (Arabic: أحمد العلواني) is an Iraqi politician and legislator in the Council of Representatives who served as a member of the Al Anbar Governorate council for the factional Iraqiya list. A major Sunni voice during the protests against the government of Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki, he shot to fame after Iraqi security forces stormed his house in Ramadi in December 2013, an assault that killed several of his relatives and guards. He was then arrested on suspicion of terrorism, and a death sentence was issued against him in 2014, a decision which led intergovernmental organisations such as the Inter-Parliamentary Union to express concern for his lengthy detention and allegations of violations of due process. He was released in April 2025 after more than a decade in confinement when Iraq's Federal Court of Cassation overturned his conviction.

Iraqi security forces
The Iraqi Security Forces (ISF) was a term used by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) to describe law enforcement and military forces of the federal government of the Republic of Iraq. During the initial U.S. phase of the Iraq War from 2003-2010, these entities received training and instruction from the multinational Multi-National Force – Iraq. After U.S. forces reentered Iraq, after the rise of the Islamic State, they received training and assistance from the U.S. Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve.

According to Article 121 of Iraq's constitution, the federal regions are responsible for the establishment and organization of internal security forces of their respective regions. Therefore, Peshmerga is not within the scope of this term.
Fridtjovbreen
Fridtjovbreen is a glacier in Nordenskiöld Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a length of about 14 kilometers, and  debouches into the bay Fridtjovhamna at the northern side of Van Mijenfjorden. The name stems from a hunting vessel used during the Torell expedition to Spitsbergen. The lower part of the glacier is included in the Nordenskiöld Land National Park.

To the west of Fridtjovbreen is the mountain Ingeborgfjellet, a characteristic ridge and an easily recognizable landmark viewed from sea.

Nordenskiöld Land National Park
Nordenskiöld Land National Park (Norwegian: Nordenskiöld Land nasjonalpark), also known as Nordenskjøld Land National Park, is a national park in Spitsbergen island in the Svalbard archipelago, Norway.

Opened in 2003, the park covers the southern part of Nordenskiöld Land, on the north shore of Van Mijenfjorden. The park includes Reindalen, which is Svalbard's largest ice-free valley and features moraines, rock glaciers, pingos and avalanche features. The valley has lush vegetation and the lower part is a wetland. The area is important for reindeer, Arctic fox, waders, geese and ducks.
Winchester Lake State Park
Winchester Lake State Park is a public recreation area covering 418 acres (169 ha) on the southern edge of Winchester in Lewis County, Idaho, United States. The state park surrounds 104-acre (42 ha) Winchester Lake at the base of the Craig Mountains. Fish in the lake include rainbow trout, perch, bass, and bluegill. Common wildlife includes white-tailed deer, Canada geese, muskrats, bald eagles, Columbian ground squirrels, and raccoons.

Lewis County, Idaho
Lewis County is a county located in the north central region of the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,533, making it the fourth-least populous county in Idaho. The county seat is Nezperce, and Kamiah is the largest city. Partitioned from Nez Perce County and established in 1911, it was named after the explorer Meriwether Lewis. Most of the county is within the Nez Perce Indian Reservation, though Native Americans comprise less than 6% of the county population. Similar to the opening of lands in Oklahoma, the U.S. government opened the reservation for white settlement in November 1895. The proclamation had been signed less than two weeks earlier by President Cleveland.
Francofonte
Francofonte (Sicilian: Francufonti) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Syracuse, Sicily, southern Italy, located about 170 kilometres (110 mi) southeast of Palermo and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Syracuse.

Francofonte borders the following municipalities: Buccheri, Carlentini, Lentini, Militello in Val di Catania, Scordia, Vizzini.

The Patron Saint of the town is the Madonna della Neve on August the 5th. The largest church is the chiesa madre Sant'Antonio Abate.

Sicilian language
Sicilian (sicilianu, pronounced [sɪʃɪˈljaːnʊ, sɪdʒɪˈljaːnʊ]; Italian: siciliano) is a Romance language that is spoken on the island of Sicily and its satellite islands.
It belongs to the broader Extreme Southern Italian language group (Italian: italiano meridionale estremo).

Ethnologue (see below for more detail) describes Sicilian as being "distinct enough from Standard Italian to be considered a separate language", and it is recognized as a minority language by UNESCO. It has been referred to as a language by the Sicilian Region. It has the oldest literary tradition of the Italo-Romance languages. A version of the UNESCO Courier is also available in Sicilian.
John Davy Rolleston
John Davy Rolleston FSA FRCP (25 February 1873 – 13 March 1946) was an English physician and folklorist, who published extensively on infectious diseases and the history of medicine. Overshadowed by his brother, Sir Humphry Rolleston, he established himself as an epidemiologist, gave the Fitzpatrick Lecture at the Royal College of Physicians in 1935-1936 and became involved in numerous other learned societies and medical bodies, including The Royal Society of Medicine and the Society for the Study and Cure of Inebriety.

He became the president of three sections of the Royal Society of Medicine, London, including the History of Medicine Section from 1924 to 1926.

Fitzpatrick Lecture
The Fitzpatrick Lecture is given annually at the Royal College of Physicians on a subject related to history of medicine. The lecturer, who must be a fellow of the college, is selected by the president and may be chosen to speak for two years successively. The lectures are supported by funds from the Fitzpatrick Trust which was established in 1901 by Agnes Letitia Fitzpatrick  with a £2,000 donation in memory of her physician husband Thomas Fitzpatrick. Agnes was influenced by her husband's close friend, Sir Norman Moore, who persuaded her to choose history of medicine as a subject. Subsequently, Moore was credited with its idea and implementation.

The first two Fitzpatrick lectures were given by Joseph Frank Payne, whose request instigated history of medicine lectures at the Royal Society of Medicine and with whose support Sir William Osler established the History of Medicine Section. He was succeeded by Sir Norman Moore, Leonard Guthrie and Clifford Allbutt and Raymond Crawfurd.
Marinovka
Marinovka (Russian: Мариновка) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Marinovka, Belgorod Oblast, a selo in Yakovlevsky District of Belgorod Oblast

Marinovka, Kemerovo Oblast, a village in Poperechenskaya Rural Territory of Yurginsky District of Kemerovo Oblast

Marinovka, Omsk Oblast, a village in Andreyevsky Rural Okrug of Okoneshnikovsky District of Omsk Oblast

Marinovka, Saratov Oblast, a selo in Fyodorovsky District of Saratov Oblast

Marinovka, Tambov Oblast, a village under the administrative jurisdiction of Sosnovsky Settlement Council, Sosnovsky District, Tambov Oblast

Marinovka, Volgograd Oblast, a selo in Marinovsky Selsoviet of Kalachyovsky District of Volgograd Oblast
Marinovka Air Base, a nearby Russian Air Force base

Marinovka, Volgograd Oblast
Marinovka (Russian: Мариновка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Marinovskoye Rural Settlement, Kalachyovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 862 as of 2010. There are 16 streets.

The Marinovka Air Base is located to the south west.
Comedian Harmonists
The Comedian Harmonists were an all-male German close harmony ensemble that performed between 1928 and 1934. The group consisted of Harry Frommermann (tenor buffo), Asparuh "Ari" Leschnikoff (first tenor), Erich A. Collin (second tenor), Roman Cycowski (baritone), Robert Biberti (bass), and Erwin Bootz (pianist).

The hallmark of the Comedian Harmonists was its members' ability to blend their voices together so that the individual singers could appear and disappear back into the vocal texture. Its repertoire ranged from the folk and classical songs arranged by Frommermann to popular songs of the day by writers such as Peter Igelhoff, Werner R. Heymann and Paul Abraham.

Paul Abraham
Paul Abraham (Hungarian: Ábrahám Pál; 2 November 1892 – 6 May 1960) was a Jewish-Hungarian composer of operettas, who scored major successes in the German-speaking world. His specialty – and own innovation – was the insertion of jazz interludes into operettas.

Abraham was born in Apatin, Austria-Hungary (today Serbia), and studied at the Royal National Hungarian Academy of Music in Budapest from 1910 to 1916. He studied cello with Adolf Schiffer and composition with Viktor Herzfeld.
Treaty of Hanover
The name Treaty of Hanover is attached to at least two treaties:

the Treaty of Hanover (1710), an alliance between the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg and the Tsardom of Russia in the Great Northern War

the Treaty of Hanover (1725), which established the Hanoverian Alliance, a coalition between the Kingdom of France, the Kingdom of Great Britain, the Habsburg Monarchy and later also several other states

Treaty of Hanover (1710)
The Treaty of Hanover was concluded on 3 July 1710, during the Great Northern War. It allied the Russian Empire with Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover). Though Hanover was not among the most important states of the Holy Roman Empire, the alliance was important since the Hanoveranian duke, with whom the alliance was concluded, was subsequently to become king of Great Britain as George I.
Mathilde Monnier
Mathilde Monnier (born 1959 in Mulhouse) is a French choreographer. She directs the Centre Chorégraphique National de Montpellier Languedoc-Roussillon in Montpellier. She collaborates with notable artists throughout various disciplines, such as philosopher Jean-Luc Nancy, Katerine, novelist Christine Angot, fellow choreographer La Ribot, and composer Heiner Goebbels). Monnier was awarded the Grand Prix National des Arts du Spectacle Vivant (National Award for the Performing Arts awarded by the French Ministry of Culture and Communications) in 1999.

Mulhouse
Mulhouse (/məˈluːz/ mə-LOOZ, French: [myluz] ⓘ; Alsatian: Mìlhüsa [mɪlˈhyːsa]; German: Mülhausen [myːlˈhaʊzn̩] ⓘ, meaning "mill house") is a French city of the European Collectivity of Alsace (Haut-Rhin department, in the Grand Est region of France). It is near the border with Switzerland and Germany. It is the largest city in Haut-Rhin and second largest in Alsace after Strasbourg.

Mulhouse is known for its museums, especially the Cité de l'Automobile (also known as the Musée national de l'automobile, 'National Museum of the Automobile') and the Cité du Train (also known as Musée Français du Chemin de Fer, 'French Museum of the Railway'), respectively the largest automobile and railway museums in the world. An industrial town nicknamed "the French Manchester", Mulhouse is also the main seat of the Upper Alsace University, where the secretariat of the European Physical Society is found.
Atom Squad
Atom Squad is an American science fiction television series that was broadcast live five times a week by the NBC network (out of their Philadelphia studios), Monday July 6, 1953, to January 22, 1954, running Monday through Friday, 5:00 to 5:15 pm EST. Each episode was only 15 minutes long, with a total of 142 black and white episodes.

Science fiction on television
Science fiction (Sci-fi) first appeared in television programming in the late 1930s, during what is called the Golden Age of Science Fiction. Special effects and other production techniques allow creators to present a living visual image of an imaginary world not limited by the constraints of reality.
Rossieli Soares
Rossieli Soares da Silva (born 9 October 1978) is a Brazilian politician serving as secretary of education of Minas Gerais since 2025. From 2023 to 2025, he served as secretary of education of Pará. From 2019 to 2022, he served as secretary of education of São Paulo. From April to December 2018, he served as minister of education of Brazil. From 2012 to 2016, he served as secretary of education of Amazonas.

Ministry of Education (Brazil)
The Ministry of Education (Portuguese: Ministério da Educação), commonly known as MEC, originates from its previous name, the Ministry of Education and Culture (Portuguese: Ministério da Educação e Cultura), is a cabinet-level federal ministry of Brazil.

Its responsibilities include coordinating national education policies and managing daily affairs, covering from early childhood education to post-graduate levels.
Itäväylä
Itäväylä (the Eastern Highway, Swedish: Österleden) is a motorway-like road in the Greater Helsinki area of Finland, mainly in the Helsinki conurbation. It is part of the Finnish regional road 170 (Finnish: Seututie 170, Swedish: Regionalväg 170). The road begins in Kalasatama, Sörnäinen in eastern Helsinki and continues east through Kulosaari and then across to Herttoniemi. Itäväylä continues all the way through East Helsinki (including Itäkeskus in Vartiokylä), finally crossing the eastern end of Ring III. After that, the road continues towards east to Virolahti via Sipoo, Porvoo, Loviisa, Kotka and Hamina as Regional Road 170 (Mt 170).

Itäväylä is perhaps the most important connection between central Helsinki and East Helsinki with the Helsinki Metro, because almost all bus and private car traffic between them passes along Itäväylä.

A similar road, Länsiväylä (Western Highway, Swedish: Västerleden), begins in Ruoholahti and continues westwards towards Kirkkonummi.

Virolahti
Virolahti (Finnish: [ˈʋiroˌlɑhti]; Swedish: Vederlax) is the southeasternmost municipality of Finland on the border of Russia. It is located in the Kymenlaakso region. The municipality has a population of 2,796 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 558.92 square kilometres (215.80 sq mi), of which 186.97 km2 (72.19 sq mi) is water. The population density is 7.51 inhabitants per square kilometre (19.5/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

The Vaalimaa border crossing, which connects the municipality with Russia, is located in Virolahti.
Steam Mills
Steam Mills is a village in the Forest of Dean, west Gloucestershire, England.

During the 18th and 19th centuries there were local coal mines and a steam-powered mill, which lead to the name of the village. An engineering works was established in the 1880s to support the mining.

Today the village has an industrial park for businesses (including Freeminers Brewery, named after the Forest of Dean custom of free-mining), a petrol filling station and a carpet shop.

The village is home to Steam Mills Primary School designed by architect Alfred Smith.

The 5 acres (2.0 ha) lake is used for angling with Carp, Bream and Brown Trout being caught.

Industrial park
An industrial park, also known as industrial estate or trading estate, is an area zoned and planned for the purpose of industrial development. An industrial park can be thought of as a more heavyweight version of a business park or office park, which has offices and light industry, rather than heavy industry.