hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raman Gangakhedkar
Raman Gangakhedkar (born 1958) is an Indian public health expert and epidemiologist. He served as Head Scientist of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases at the Indian Council of Medical Research before retiring on 30 June 2020. He is a recipient of the 2020 Padma Shri award, the fourth highest civilian award in India.

Contagious disease
A contagious disease is an infectious disease that can be spread rapidly in several ways, including direct contact, indirect contact, and droplet contact.

These diseases are caused by organisms such as parasites, bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Many types of organisms live on the human body and they can sometimes cause disease.

Some common infectious diseases are influenza, COVID-19, ebola, hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, Human papillomavirus infection, Polio, and Zika virus.

A disease is often known to be contagious before medical science discovers its causative agent. Koch's postulates, which were published at the end of the 19th century, were the standard for the next 100 years or more, especially with diseases caused by bacteria. Microbial pathogenesis attempts to account for diseases caused by a virus.
The Gift of the Morning
The Gift of the Morning (Italian: Il dono del mattino) is a 1932 Italian comedy film directed by Enrico Guazzoni and starring Germana Paolieri, Carlo Lombardi and Arturo Falconi. It was based on a play by Giovacchino Forzano. It was made by Caesar Film at the company's Rome studios.

Caesar Film
Caesar Film was an Italian film production and distribution company founded in 1913. The studio's owner Giuseppe Barattolo built it into one of the more successful silent film companies of the 1910s, thanks partly to signing up the diva Francesca Bertini to make a series of films.

Following the crisis in Italian production that followed the First World War, Barattolo took Caesar in as a member of the giant consortium Unione Cinematografica Italiana which pooled the resources of several major film producers. However the collapse of this company in 1925 left Caesar struggling. Following a boom in production following the arrival of sound in 1930, Barattolo relaunched Caesar and made several films without restoring it to its former strength. Barattolo subsequently became involved with Scalera Film, which was financially backed by Italy's Fascist government.
Tupou Faireka
Tupou Alfred Faireka is a Cook Islands politician and former deputy leader of the Cook Islands Party. He was an MP for 13 years and served as a Cabinet Minister.

Faireka was first elected to Parliament in 1993, representing the constituency of Tupapa-Maraerenga.  He served as Leader of the House in the coalition government of Robert Woonton, before being appointed as a Parliamentary Undersecretary in October 2002.  He was appointed to the coalition Cabinet of Jim Marurai as Minister of Justice, Agriculture and Marine Resources in December 2004, but was sacked in September 2005 after a coalition realignment.

In 2006, shortly before the 2006 election, Faireka was elected deputy leader of the Cook Islands Party.  He subsequently lost his seat to Democratic Party member John Tangi.

Democratic Party (Cook Islands)
The Democratic Party (also known for a time as the Democratic Alliance Party) is a political party in the Cook Islands. As a result of the 2022 Cook Islands election, it is currently in opposition, holding five seats in the Cook Islands Parliament.
Frederick Joseph Miller
Frederick Joseph Miller (March 15, 1891 – August 26, 1940) was an American politician and lawyer.

Miller was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota and graduated from Central High School in Saint Paul. He received his law degree from University of Minnesota Law School in 1912 and was admitted to the Minnesota bar. Miller served in the United States Army during World War I and was commissioned a captain. Miller practiced law in Pine River, Minnesota. He then moved to Little Falls, Minnesota, in 1921, and continued to practice law. Miller served as city attorney for Little Falls, Minnesota from 1923 to 1924 and as mayor of Little Falls from 1926 to 1927. He served as district attorney of Morrison County, Minnesota 1927 to 1930 and in the office of the Minnesota Attorney General from 1930 to 1932. Miller served in the Minnesota Senate from 1935 until his death in 1940. Miller died suddenly from a heart attack in Rochester, Minnesota.

Morrison County, Minnesota
Morrison County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 34,010. Its county seat is Little Falls. Camp Ripley Military Reservation occupies a significant area in north-central Morrison County.
Saint Jerome (El Greco)
Saint Jerome is a 1609 painting by El Greco, now in the Frick Collection, New York.

The artist frequently returned to this subject and here shows Jerome dressed as a cardinal in a pose reminiscent of his Portrait of Cardinal Tavera and Portrait of Jerónimo de Cevallos, pointing at an open book on a table covered with a green tapestry. The deep folds in the garments point to the influence of Michelangelo and Byzantine icon painting.

Portrait of Jerónimo de Cevallos
Portrait of Jerónimo de Cevallos is a 1609-1613 work by El Greco, from late in his Toledo period. It originally hung in the Quinta del Duque del Arco in the Royal Palace of El Pardo in Madrid but now in the Museo del Prado.

It shows Jerónimo de Cevallos, a distinguished jurist of natural law at Escalona but also frequently in Toledo on business as a secretary and councillor for that city. Several sources note that he was the patron and protector of the painter's son Jorge Manuel. The neutral background is influenced by Titian and the Venetian School.
Houde Bimax
The Houde Bimax is a French ultralight aircraft, designed and produced by Patrice Houde, introduced at the Blois homebuilt aircraft fly-in in September 2010. The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Blois
Middle Ages portal

Blois (/blwɑː/ BLWAH; French: [blwa] ⓘ) is a commune and the capital city of Loir-et-Cher department, in Centre-Val de Loire, France, on the banks of the lower Loire river between Orléans and Tours.

With 45,898 inhabitants by 2019, Blois is the most populated city of the department, and the 4th of the region.

Historically, the city was the capital of the County of Blois, created in 832 until its integration into the Royal domain in 1498, when Count Louis II of Orléans became King Louis XII of France. During the Renaissance, Blois was the official residence of the King of France.
Hiroshi Kajikawa
Hiroshi Kajikawa (梶川 博, Kajikawa Hiroshi) (born 3 March 1949) is a former archer who, at his peak, represented Japan in the 1972 Munich Olympics. He previously held the 90 meter world record in the FITA Gents Round.

Currently he coaches various university teams in the Kansai region of Japan. He also runs his own archery store part-time.

Kansai region
The Kansai region (関西地方, Kansai Chihō; [kaꜜɰ̃.sai, kaɰ̃.sai tɕiꜜ.hoː] ⓘ) (also known as the Kinki region (近畿地方, Kinki Chihō; Japanese pronunciation: [kʲiꜜŋ.ki, kʲiŋ.ki̥ tɕiꜜ.hoː])) is a region of Japan that lies in the southern-central portion of Japan's main island, Honshū. The region consists of the prefectures of Hyōgo, Kyoto, Mie, Nara, Osaka, Shiga, and Wakayama.  Additionally, the prefectures of Fukui, Tokushima and Tottori are sometimes associated with Kansai.

Kansai is the second-most populated region of Japan (after Kantō), and contains the metropolitan region of Osaka, Kobe and Kyoto (Keihanshin region), which is the second-most populated metropolitan region in Japan (after the Greater Tokyo Area).
Bloom (Lou Rhodes album)
Bloom is Lou Rhodes' second solo album, released in 2007.

Opening track "The Rain" was released as a single, backed with "Gabriel", an acoustic version of the song by Rhodes' former band Lamb, and "Satellite", a cover version of Elliott Smith's song from his second album.

The album was positively received by the BBC and WalesOnline.

Media Wales
Media Wales Ltd. is a publishing company based in Cardiff, Wales. As of 2009 it was owned by Reach plc (formerly known as the Trinity Mirror Group). It was previously known as the Western Mail & Echo Ltd.
Kursenieki
The Kursenieki (Latvian: kursenieki, German: Kuren – 'Curonians', Lithuanian: kuršininkai, kuršiai, Polish: Kuronowie Pruscy, Kurończycy) are a nearly extinct Baltic ethnic group living along the Curonian Spit. "Kuršiai" refers only to inhabitants of Lithuania and former East Prussia that speak a southwestern dialect of Latvian. Some autochthonous inhabitants of Šventoji in Lithuania call themselves "kuršiai" as well.

Šventoji, Lithuania
Šventoji (Samogitian: Švėntuojė; Latvian: Sventāja) is a resort town on the coast of the Baltic Sea in Lithuania. Administratively it is part of Palanga City Municipality. The total population of Šventoji as of 2012 was 2631. The town is located about 12 km north of Palanga center and close to the border with Latvia. Further north of the town is Būtingė and its oil terminal. Šventoji River flows into the Baltic sea at the town. The town also has a famous lighthouse, which is located 780 meters from the sea. Its height is 39 meters. The town is a popular summer resort for families, during summer it has many cafes, restaurants and various attractions for the visitors.
Judy Garland Musical Special (General Electric Theater)
"Judy Garland Musical Special" was an American television special that was broadcast by CBS on April 8, 1956, as part of the television series General Electric Theater.  Created by Richard Avedon, the special featured Judy Garland performing seven songs, most against simple, dark sets.

General Electric Theater
General Electric Theater is an American anthology series hosted by Ronald Reagan that was broadcast on CBS radio and television. The series was sponsored by General Electric's Department of Public Relations.
SerC leader
SerC leader is a putative regulatory RNA structure found upstream of the serC-serA operon in some alpha-proteobacteria. The final stem of the structure overlaps the ribosome binding site of the serC reading frame.

Alphaproteobacteria
Alphaproteobacteria or α-proteobacteria, also called α-Purple bacteria in earlier literature, is a class of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota (also called "Proteobacteria"). The Magnetococcales and Mariprofundales are considered basal or sister to the Alphaproteobacteria. The Alphaproteobacteria are highly diverse and possess few commonalities, but nevertheless share a common ancestor. Like all proteobacteria, its members are gram-negative, although some of its intracellular parasitic members lack peptidoglycan and are consequently gram variable.
2025 Judo Grand Slam Paris
The 2025 Judo Grand Slam Paris was held at the Accor Arena in Paris, France, from 1 to 2 February 2025 as part of the IJF World Tour. It is to be the first World Judo Tour event where the updated judo ruleset intended for the 2028 Los Angeles Olympic Games will be in use.

Accor Arena
Accor Arena (originally known as the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy), also known as Bercy Arena, is an indoor sports arena and concert hall in Paris, France. It lies in the neighbourhood of Bercy, on the Boulevard de Bercy, in the 12th arrondissement of Paris. The closest Paris Métro station is Bercy, which also serves the Finance Ministry.

Designed by the architectural firm Andrault-Parat, Jean Prouvé and Aydin Guvan, the pyramidal arena's sloping walls are covered with a lawn. It can seat 7,000 to 20,300 people, depending on the event.

The arena was renamed Bercy Arena after renovations on 1 January 2015, AccorHotels Arena in October 2015, and given its current name in June 2020.

Since 1985, the arena hosts the annual Festival des Arts Martiaux. The 38th Festival des Arts Martiaux was held in March 2025.
Godmothered
Godmothered is a 2020 American Christmas fantasy comedy film directed by Sharon Maguire, written by Kari Granlund and Melissa Stack, starring Jillian Bell and Isla Fisher. The Walt Disney Company first began developing the film in September 2019, with Maguire joining the production as director later that month. Principal photography began in January 2020 in Boston, Massachusetts. Produced by Walt Disney Pictures, The Montecito Picture Company and Secret Machine Entertainment, it was released on Disney+ on December 4, 2020. The film received moderately positive reviews from critics.

The Montecito Picture Company
The Montecito Picture Company, LLC is an American film production company founded in 1998 by film director Ivan Reitman and studio executive Tom Pollock. It is located in the Sony Pictures lot in Culver City, California, United States, in a building labeled as "Ghost Corps," where the vehicle from Ghostbusters is parked outside. Montecito is a city in California in Santa Barbara County.
Peeling skin syndrome
Peeling skin syndrome (also known as acral peeling skin syndrome, continual peeling skin syndrome, familial continual skin peeling, idiopathic deciduous skin, and keratolysis exfoliativa congenita) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by lifelong peeling of the stratum corneum, and may be associated with pruritus, short stature, and easily removed anagen hair.: 502

"Acral" refers to the fact that the peeling of the skin is most noticeable on the hands and feet of this state. Peeling happens sometimes on the arms and legs, too. The peeling is typically apparent from birth, although it may start in childhood or later on in life as well. Skin peeling is caused by sun, humidity, moisture, and friction.

The acral form can be associated with TGM5.

Corneodesmosin
Corneodesmosin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDSN gene.

This gene encodes a protein found in corneodesmosomes, which localize to the human epidermis and other cornified squamous epithelia. During maturation of the cornified layers, the protein undergoes a series of cleavages, which are thought to be required for desquamation. The gene is located in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I region on chromosome 6.
Oreophrynella nigra
Oreophrynella nigra, or pebble toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Guiana Highlands in Bolívar State, Venezuela, and known from two tepuis, Kukenan-tepui and Yuruani-tepui, both belonging to the Eastern Tepuis.

Kukenán-tepui
Kukenán, also known as Matawi or Cuquenán, is a tepui in Bolívar State, Guayana Region, Venezuela. It has an estimated surface area of 2185 hectares (equivalent to 21.85 square kilometres). It is 2,680 metres (8,790 ft) high and about 3 km (1.9 mi) long. Kukenan Falls, which is 674 m (2,211 ft) high, is located at the south end of the tepui.

Kukenán is located in Canaima National Park. Next to Kukenán, to the southeast, is Mount Roraima, a better known tepui. Kukenán is more difficult to climb, so it is ascended much less frequently than Mount Roraima.

Canaima National Park is also home to the highest waterfall in the world, which is located in Auyán Tepui.

Scenery on top of Kukenán provided inspiration for the 2009 film Up.
Hypnales
Hypnales, synonyms including Isobryales, is an order of Bryophyta or leafy mosses. This group is sometimes called feather mosses, referring to their freely branched stems. The order includes more than 40 families and more than 4,000 species, making them the largest order of mosses.

Peristome
Peristome (from the Greek peri, meaning 'around' or 'about', and stoma, 'mouth') is an anatomical feature that surrounds an opening to an organ or structure. Some plants, fungi, and shelled gastropods have peristomes.
Singapore men's national water polo team
The Singapore men's national water polo team is the representative for Singapore in international men's water polo.

Singapore won the gold medal in the 1954 Asian Games, beating favourite Japan, 4–2 in the finals. In the 1986 Asian Games, Singapore won the bronze medal on better goal difference comparing to the 4th placed team Iran.

At the Southeast Asian Games, Singapore has traditionally been the dominant team as they won 27 consecutive gold medals. The streak finally ended at the 2019 Southeast Asian Games when they ceded the title to Indonesia.

2019 head coach was Dejan Milakovic whereas team captain was Koh Jian Ying. 2023, Singapore regain the top spot at the games winning the gold medal again. Head coach is Kan Aoyagi.

1986 Asian Games
The 1986 Asian Games (1986년 아시아 경기대회/1986년 아시안 게임), officially known as the 10th Asian Games and the X Asiad (제10회 아시아 경기대회/제10회 아시안 게임) and commonly known as Seoul 1986 (서울 1986), were held from 20 September to 5 October 1986, in Seoul, South Korea. The venues and facilities of the 10th Asiad were the same venues and facilities that would be used in the 1988 Summer Olympics, as it was considered a test event.

Seoul had previously been scheduled to host the 1970 games, but it received security threats from neighbouring North Korea, forcing it to give up hosting the games to previous 1966 host Bangkok, Thailand.
Gauda, Nepal
Gauda, Nepal  is a village development committee in Lamjung District in the Gandaki Zone of northern-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,325 living in 650 individual households.

Gandaki Zone
Gandaki zone (Nepali: गण्डकी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal, located in the Western Development Region.  It was named Sapta Gandaki after the seven tributaries (Kali Gandaki, Trishuli, Budhi Gandaki, Marsyangdi, Madi, Seti Gandaki, and Daraundi) that make up the Gandaki River. Pokhara served as its regional and zonal headquarter. It was also the birthplace of Bhanubhakta Acharya, first poet of Nepal.

The Gandaki Zone was home to multiple cultures which are unique in themselves. Some, like the Magar and Gurung, have attained fame much like the Gurkha people.
Dromotropic
The term dromotropic derives from the Greek word δρόμος drómos, meaning "running", a course, a race. A dromotropic agent is one which affects the conduction speed (in fact the magnitude of delay) in the AV node, and subsequently the rate of electrical impulses in the heart.

Positive dromotropy increases conduction velocity (e.g. epinephrine stimulation), negative dromotropy decreases velocity (e.g. vagal stimulation).

Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers such as verapamil block the slow inward calcium current in cardiac tissues, thereby having a negatively dromotropic, chronotropic and inotropic effect. This (and other) pharmacological effect makes these drugs useful in the treatment of angina pectoris.  Conversely, they can lead to symptomatic disturbances in cardiac conduction and bradyarrhythmias, and may aggravate left ventricular failure.

Atrioventricular node
The atrioventricular node (AV node, or Aschoff-Tawara node) is part of the electrical conduction system of the heart. It electrically connects the atria to the ventricles to coordinate beating. The AV node lies at the lower back section of the interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus and conducts the normal electrical impulse generated by the sinoatrial node to the ventricles. It slightly delays the electrical impulse by about 0.09s. The AV node also fires intrinsically (without external stimulation) at a rate of 40–60 times/minute, slower than the sinoatrial node. It is quite compact (~1 x 3 x 5 mm).
Standing on the Outside
Standing on the Outside: The Songs of Cold Chisel is a tribute album dedicated to the songs of Australian band Cold Chisel. The album features 18 songs recorded by Australian and New Zealand artists The Living End, Dallas Crane, Pete Murray, Ben Lee, Thirsty Merc, Evermore, Paul Kelly, Troy Cassar-Daley, Grinspoon, You Am I, Katie Noonan, Something for Kate, Alex Lloyd, Shane Nicholson, The Waifs, Sarah Blasko, Augie March and The Flairz.

Standing on the Outside was conceived by Ed St John of Warner Australia as a tribute to the label's best-selling Australian act. The album featured liner notes by Glenn A. Baker. A special edition featured a second CD containing the original 18 Cold Chisel songs. The album peaked at number 2 on the ARIA Charts and was certified platinum.

Glenn A. Baker
Glenn A. Baker AM (born 28 July 1952) is an Australian journalist, commentator, author and broadcaster known for his vast knowledge of rock music. He has written books and magazine articles on rock music and travel, interviewed celebrities, managed bands such as Ol' 55 and promoted tours of international stars. In the mid-1980s, Baker took the BBC's "Rock Brain of the Universe" crown three times. Baker was the Australian editor of Billboard for over 20 years. He won the inaugural Australian Travel Writer of the Year award in 1995 from the Australian Society of Travel Writers, and he won the award again in 2000.
Kırıkkale MKE Weapons Industry Museum
Kırıkkale MKE Weapon Industry Museum (Turkish: MKE Silah Sanayi Müzesi) is a museum in Kırıkkale, Turkey. It is at 39°50′48″N 33°30′55″E﻿ / ﻿39.84667°N 33.51528°E﻿ / 39.84667; 33.51528. Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation (MKE) of Turkey has a weapons factory in Kırıkkale. The museum was established by MKE on 15 July 1990. On 2 November 1993 it was transferred to its current location.

The collection of the museum, as the name implies, is composed of historical (14th-20th centuries) weapons. These weapons are collected from all over Turkey. They are either Turkish or European made. Presently there are 299 weapons in the museum.

Kırıkkale
Kırıkkale is a city in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Kırıkkale Province and Kırıkkale District. Its population is 186,960 (2022). It is located 80 km east of Ankara, the capital city of Turkey. The name of the city means broken castle.

The town of Kırıkkale is located on the Ankara-Kayseri railway near the Kızılırmak River in central Turkey. Formerly a village, it owes its rapid rise in population mainly to the establishment of steel mills in the 1950s. These works, among the largest in the country, specialize in high-quality alloy steel and machinery. In the 1960s, chemical plants were added and in 1986, the Tüpraş Kırıkkale Oil Refinery was established.
The Oriental Leyte
The Oriental Hotel Leyte, also known as The Oriental Leyte, is a defunct hotel in the town of Palo in Leyte, Philippines. It was the only four-star rated hotel in the Eastern Visayas according to the Department of Tourism's National Accommodation Standards at the time of its operation.

The facility was part of The Oriental Hotels and Resorts chain of the LKY Group of Companies.

Eastern Visayas
Eastern Visayas (Waray: Sinirangan Kabisay-an; Cebuano: Sidlakang Kabisay-an; Tagalog: Silangang Kabisayaan; Filipino: Silangang Visayas), designated as Region VIII, is an administrative region in the Philippines. It consists of three main islands: Samar, Leyte, and Biliran. The region has six provinces: Biliran, Leyte, Northern Samar, Samar, Eastern Samar, Southern Leyte, one independent city, Ormoc, and one highly urbanized city, Tacloban (its regional center and largest city). The highly urbanized city of Tacloban is the sole regional center. These provinces and cities occupy the easternmost islands of the Visayas group of islands, hence the region's name.

Eastern Visayas faces the Philippine Sea to the east. The region's most famous landmark is the San Juanico Bridge, which links the islands of Samar and Leyte. As of 2024, the Eastern Visayas region has a population of 4,625,929 inhabitants, making it the least populous region in the Visayas.