hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maria Todorova
Maria Nikolaeva Todorova (Bulgarian: Мария Николаева Тодорова; born 5 January 1949) is a Bulgarian historian who is best known for her influential book, Imagining the Balkans, in which she applies Edward Said's notion of Orientalism to the Balkans. She is the daughter of historian and politician Nikolai Todorov, who was the Speaker of the National Assembly of Bulgaria (July 1990 – 2 October 1991) and the acting Chairman (President) of Bulgaria in July 1990.

Chairman (President) of Bulgaria
The Chairman (President) of the Republic of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Председателят (Президентът) на Републиката) was the head of state of Bulgaria from 3 April 1990 to 22 January 1992. The office was known as the Chairman (President) of the People's Republic of Bulgaria until the word "People's" was dropped from the country's name on 15 November 1990. From that point on, the office was simply the Chairman (President) of the Republic of Bulgaria.

Much like the State Council of Bulgaria superseded by it (which operated similarly to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union), the office of Chairman (President) of Bulgaria was an executive post similar to the Presidency of the Soviet Union, as opposed to the modern Bulgarian presidency, which is ceremonial.
Unijunction transistor
A unijunction transistor (UJT) is a three-lead electronic semiconductor device with only one junction. It acts exclusively as an electrically controlled switch.

The UJT is not used as a linear amplifier. It is used in free-running oscillators, synchronized or triggered oscillators, and pulse generation circuits at low to moderate frequencies (hundreds of kilohertz). It is widely used in the triggering circuits for silicon controlled rectifiers. In the 1960s, the low cost per unit, combined with its unique characteristic, warranted its use in a wide variety of applications like oscillators, pulse generators, saw-tooth generators, triggering circuits, phase control, timing circuits, and voltage- or current-regulated supplies. The original unijunction transistor types are now considered obsolete, but a later multi-layer device, the programmable unijunction transistor, is still widely available.

Electronic switch
In electronics, an electronic switch is a switch controlled by an active electronic component or device. Without using moving parts, they are called solid state switches, which distinguishes them from mechanical switches.

Electronic switches are considered binary devices because they dramatically change the conductivity of a path in electrical circuit between two extremes when switching between their two states of on and off.
Singleton Park
Singleton Park (Welsh: Parc Singleton) is the largest urban park in the city of Swansea. It is located in Sketty and is listed on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.

The park encompasses 250 acres. An ornamental garden is located in the south, near the entrance to Swansea University, while a walled botanical garden is located in the park centre. On the south-western corner, past the hospital and the university, is a boating lake, as well as a miniature golf course.

Boating
Boating is the leisurely activity of travelling by boat, or the recreational use of a boat whether powerboats, sailboats, or man-powered vessels (such as rowing and paddle boats), focused on the travel itself, as well as sports activities, such as fishing or waterskiing. It is a popular activity, and there are millions of boaters worldwide.
MOS Technology 6532
The 6532 RAM-I/O-Timer (RIOT) was an integrated circuit made by MOS Technology, as well as second sources such as Rockwell. It incorporates 128 bytes of static RAM, two bidirectional 8-bit digital input/output ports, and an 8-bit Programmable interval timer (with pre-divider). This high degree of integration made it popular in the late 1970s and early 1980s, as it could take the place of several different integrated circuits (ICs).

It is used in the Atari 2600 video game console. The chip was also deployed in Gottlieb pinball machines, such as Haunted House and Black Hole, the Atari 810 and 1050 disk drives, as well as Commodore's 8050, 8250 & 8250LP PET disk drives. The Atari 850 Interface, which gives the Atari 400 and 800 computers an RS-232 interface, uses two 6532 chips.

6532 ICs were available in 1 MHz and 2 MHz versions. The form factor was a 40-pin ceramic or plastic DIP package.

Black Hole (pinball)
Black Hole is a pinball game released in 1981 by Gottlieb. It is notable for having two playfields: one on top with a conventional slope, and one mounted underneath, sloping away from the player. It has no connection with the 1979 film of the same name.
Laškov
Laškov is a municipality and village in Prostějov District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.

Laškov lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north-west of Prostějov, 19 km (12 mi) west of Olomouc, and 194 km (121 mi) east of Prague.

Olomouc
Olomouc (Czech pronunciation: [ˈolomouts] ⓘ; German: Olmütz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region.

Located on the Morava River, the city is the ecclesiastical metropolis and was a historical co-capital city of Moravia, before having been occupied by the Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as urban monument reservation. The Holy Trinity Column was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its quintessential Baroque style and symbolic value.
Dalia Itzik
Dalia Itzik (Hebrew: דליה איציק Dalya Itsik; born 20 October 1952) is an Israeli former politician who last served as a member of the Knesset for Kadima. She has previously served in several ministerial positions, and on 4 May 2006 became the first female speaker of the Knesset, and served as President of Israel in an interim capacity in July 2007.

President of Israel
The president of the State of Israel (Hebrew: נְשִׂיא מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, romanized: Nesi Medinat Yisra'el, or Hebrew: נְשִׂיא הַמְדִינָה, romanized: Nesi HaMedina Arabic: رئيس دولة إسرائيل, romanized: Ra'īs Daūlat Isrāʾīl, lit. 'President of the State') is the head of state of Israel. The president is mostly, though not entirely, ceremonial; actual executive power is vested in the cabinet led by the prime minister. The incumbent president is Isaac Herzog, who took office on 7 July 2021. Presidents are elected by the Knesset for a single seven-year term.
Diego Vega
Diego David Vega (born 1968) is a Colombian-American composer and music professor whose work blends elements of traditional Colombian music with contemporary styles. He has created works for a variety of ensembles, including soloists, chamber groups, and symphony orchestras. Vega is also an experienced music educator, having taught composition and theory in both Colombia and the United States. He became an associate professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Music in 2011, and has received commissions from institutions such as the National Symphony Orchestra of Colombia and Maîtrise Notre Dame de Paris.

University of Nevada, Las Vegas
The University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) is a public land-grant research university in Paradise, Nevada, United States. The 332-acre (134 ha) campus is about 1.6 mi (2.6 km) east of the Las Vegas Strip. It was formerly part of the University of Nevada from 1957 to 1969. It includes the Shadow Lane Campus, just east of the University Medical Center of Southern Nevada, which houses the School of Medicine and School of Dental Medicine. UNLV's law school, the William S. Boyd School of Law, is the only law school in the state.

It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". According to the National Science Foundation, UNLV spent $83 million on research and development in 2018, ranking it 165th in the nation.
Laundry room
A laundry room or utility room is a room where clothes are washed, and sometimes also dried. In a modern home, laundry rooms are often equipped with an automatic washing machine and clothes dryer, and often a large basin, called a laundry tub or trough, for hand-washing of delicate clothing articles such as sweaters, as well as an ironing board. Laundry rooms may also include storage cabinets, countertops for folding clothes, and, space permitting, a small sewing machine.

The term utility room is more commonly used in British English, while Australian English and North American English generally refer to this room as a laundry, except in the American Southeast. "Utility" refers to an item which is designed for usefulness or practical use, so in turn most of the items kept in this room have functional attributes, i.e. "form follows function".

Form follows function
Form follows function is a principle of design associated with late 19th- and early 20th-century architecture and industrial design in general, which states that the appearance and structure of a building or object (architectural form) should primarily relate to its intended function or purpose.
Jens Mungard
Jens Emil Mungard (9 February 1885 – 13 February 1940) was a Frisian poet and linguist regarded as one of the most significant literary figures in North Frisian. He wrote over 700 poems, in mostly Sylt North Frisian. He died in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp where he was imprisoned by the Nazi regime.

Bredstedt
Bredstedt (German pronunciation: [ˈbʁeːtˌʃtɛt] ⓘ; Low German: Bredstedt; Danish: Bredsted; North Frisian: Bräist) is a town in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated near the North Sea coast, approximately 20 km northwest of Husum.
Anna Gustafsson Chen
Anna Gustafsson Chen (simplified Chinese: 陈安娜; traditional Chinese: 陳安娜; pinyin: Chén ānnà; born 18 January 1965) is a Swedish literary translator and sinologist. She is notable for translating the work of Mo Yan (the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature winner) into Swedish. Her translations are directly tied to Mo Yan becoming the first Chinese person to win the Nobel Prize for Literature. She has translated over 20 other notable works including the writing of Yu Hua and Su Tong.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
Phuwiang Wittayakhom School
Phuwiang Wittayakhom School (acronym PWWK) Phuwiang district Khonkaen province is a high school for the Phuwiang district and belongs to the Thai Ministry of Education. The school used a standard curriculum divided into six years from Mattayom 1–6. The number of students is about 3000 and personnel 117. Phuwiangwittayakhom School is classified as an extra-large school with an area of around 16,600 meters (54,500 ft). The school is located at 300/4 Phuwieng district, Khon Kaen province. ภูเวียงวิทยาคม

Ministry of Education (Thailand)
The Ministry of Education (Abrv: MOE; Thai: กระทรวงศึกษาธิการ, RTGS: Krasuang Sueksathikan) is a Thai governmental body responsible for the oversight of education in Thailand. It was established by King Rama V (Chulalongkorn) in 1892 as the Ministry of Public Instruction  (Thai: กระทรวงธรรมการ, RTGS: Krasuang Thammakan; literally "Ministry of Religious Affairs") which controlled religion, education, healthcare, and museums. In 1941, the ministry changed its Thai name to the present one.

Its headquarters have been in the Chan Kasem Palace since 1937.
The Fatal Glass of Beer
The Fatal Glass of Beer can refer to the following:

The Fatal Glass of Beer (1916 film), a 1916 film directed by Tod Browning

The Fatal Glass of Beer (1933 film), a 1933 film produced by Mack Sennett and starring W. C. Fields

The Fatal Glass of Beer (1933 film)
The Fatal Glass of Beer is a 1933 American pre-Code comedy short film starring W. C. Fields, produced by Mack Sennett, and released theatrically by Paramount Pictures.  Written by Fields and directed by Clyde Bruckman, the film is a parody of rugged stage melodramas set in the Yukon.
2015 Australian Open – Girls' singles
Tereza Mihalíková won the title, defeating Katie Swan in the final, 6–1, 6–4.

Elizaveta Kulichkova was the defending champion, but chose to participate in the women's qualifying competition where she lost to Petra Martić in the second round.

Petra Martić
Petra Martić (Croatian pronunciation: [pêtra mâːrtitɕ]; born 19 January 1991) is a Croatian professional tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 14, achieved in January 2020. Martić has won two singles titles on the WTA Tour, one singles and one doubles tournament on the WTA Challenger Tour, plus four singles and five doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
European Journal of Education
The European Journal of Education is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal on education, published quarterly by Wiley-Blackwell. Each issue contains a section that covers a particular theme and contributions for this section are commissioned.

Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. It was formed by the merger of John Wiley & Sons Global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing in 2007.

Wiley-Blackwell is now an imprint that publishes a diverse range of academic and professional fields, including biology, medicine, physical sciences, technology, social science, and the humanities.
Eijiro Ai
Eijiro Ai (阿井英二郎, Ai Eijiro; born September 29, 1964) is a former Japanese Nippon Professional Baseball pitcher. He played for the Yakult Swallows from 1985 to 1989, and the Lotte Orions/Chiba Lotte Marines in 1991 and 1992.

Tokyo Yakult Swallows
The Tokyo Yakult Swallows (Japanese: 東京ヤクルトスワローズ, Hepburn: Tōkyō Yakuruto Suwarōzu) are a Japanese professional baseball team competing in Nippon Professional Baseball's Central League. Based in Shinjuku, Tokyo, they are one of two professional baseball teams in Tokyo, the other being the Yomiuri Giants. They have won nine Central League championships and six Japan Series championships. Since 1964, they have played their home games at Meiji Jingu Stadium.

The Swallows are named after their corporate owners, Yakult Honsha. From 1950 to 1965, the team was owned by the former Japanese National Railways (known as Kokutetsu (国鉄) in Japanese) and called the Kokutetsu Swallows; the team was then owned by the newspaper Sankei Shimbun from 1965 to 1968 and called the Sankei Atoms. Yakult purchased the team in 1970 and renamed it the Yakult Atoms, before renaming it again as the Yakult Swallows in 1974, and then the Tokyo Yakult Swallows in 2006.
John Brompton
John Brompton or Bromton (fl. 1436) was a supposed English chronicler.

Brompton was elected abbot of Jervaulx in 1436. The authorship of the compilation printed in Roger Twysden's Decem Scriptores  is uncertain. It has been ascribed to Brompton on the strength of an inscription at the end of the C. C. C. Cambridge MS., which may mean nothing more than that Brompton had that manuscript transcribed for him.

Thomas Duffus Hardy pointed out that the compilation must have been made after the middle of the fourteenth century, as it contains many extracts from Ralph Higden, who is referred to, 'and that there is reason to believe that it was based on a previous compilation, made probably by a person connected with the diocese of Norwich.' The work is wholly uncritical; widely accepted as authoritative by writers of past times, it contains many fables.

Ranulf Higden
Ranulf Higden or Higdon (c. 1280–1363 or 1364) was an English chronicler and a Benedictine monk who wrote the Polychronicon, a Late Medieval magnum opus. Higden resided at the monastery of St. Werburgh in Chester after taking his monastic vow at Benedictine Abbey in Chester in 1299. Later in life he travelled to visit and counsel with King Edward III. Higden's remains are buried in Chester Cathedral.

Higden wrote many works, including the Polychronicon, Ars componendi sermones, and Speculum curatorum. Higden began compiling the Polychronicon, a seven-book series about world history written in Latin, during the reign of Edward III. He is sometimes associated with the Chester Plays, but there is also doubt surrounding this association. Ars componendi sermones and Speculum curatorum address religious topics.
William Guy Carr
William James Guy Carr (R.D. Commander R.C.N. (R)) (2 June 1895 – 2 October 1959) was an English-born Canadian naval officer, author and conspiracy theorist.

Though he first came to notice with books about his military experiences as a submariner, Carr later turned to writing about a vast conspiracy, which he alleged to have uncovered. He was described as "the most influential source in creating the American Illuminati demonology", according to the American folklorist Bill Ellis.

In the 1950s, he was the leader of the anticommunist National Federation of Christian Laymen of Toronto, Ontario. He was also one of the directors of the Naval Club of Toronto.

Decoration for Officers of the Royal Naval Reserve
The Decoration for Officers of the Royal Naval Reserve, commonly known as the Reserve Decoration (RD) was a medal awarded to officers with at least fifteen years service in the Royal Naval Reserve (RNR) of the United Kingdom. The medal was instituted in 1908.
2024 South American Under-23 Championships in Athletics
The 2024 South American Under-23 Championships in Athletics was the eleventh edition of the biennial track and field competition for South American athletes aged under 23 years old, organised by Atletismo Sudamericano. It was held in Bucaramanga, Colombia, between 27 and 29 September.

Atletismo Sudamericano
Atletismo Sudamericano (South American Athletics), formerly CONSUDATLE (Spanish: Confederación Sudamericana de Atletismo; South American Athletics Confederation), is the continental confederation governing body of athletics for national governing bodies and multi-national federations within South America, including the transcontinental country Panama. CONSUDATLE is one of six area associations of World Athletics (WA). CONSUDATLE was founded on May 24, 1918, in Buenos Aires, Argentina.  Therefore, the CONSUDATLE claims to be the oldest athletics area association of the world. The founding members were Argentina, Uruguay, and Andean Chile. Successively, the other countries joined: Brazil in 1922, Ecuador and Peru in 1925, Bolivia in 1930, and Colombia in 1937. Paraguay and Venezuela followed later, and Guyana, Panama, and Suriname joined within the last decades.
Network (TV series)
Network is a Canadian variety television series which aired on CTV for one season during the 1962-63 television season. The show was co-hosted by Bill Brady and Denyse Ange. Live and taped segments were aired from either the studio or elsewhere in Canada.

Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.
Ron Maudsley
Ronald Harling Maudsley (8 April 1918 – 29 September 1981) was an English professor of law who for a few seasons played first-class cricket. As a cricketer, he was a middle-order right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-pace bowler who played for Oxford University and Warwickshire between 1946 and 1951. He was captain of Warwickshire in 1948.

Maudsley was born in Lostock Gralam, Cheshire, and educated at Malvern College and Birmingham University, and then served in the Royal Army Service Corps during World War II. After the war he gained a B.C.L. degree at Brasenose College, Oxford, in 1947, was immediately elected a Fellow, and taught there for nearly 20 years. He was Professor of Law at King's College, London, 1966–77 and at New York Law School 1977–81. He died at San Diego, California.

Lostock Gralam
Lostock Gralam (/ɡreɪləm/ GRAY-ləm) is a village and civil parish in Cheshire West and Chester, Cheshire, England; it is sited east of Northwich. The civil parish also includes the small hamlet of Lostock Green. At the 2011 census, the population was 2,298.
Altra Industrial Motion
Altra Industrial Motion Corp. is an American manufacturer of mechanical power transmission products – brakes, clutches, couplings, and the like. The company is headquartered in Braintree, Massachusetts.

While the products sound automotive to the layman, in fact most Altra products are used on industrial machinery, such as fail-safe brakes for elevators and forklifts, gearboxes on conveyors, heavy duty brakes on mining equipment, clutches for beverage capping equipment, etc.

Altra is the parent company of several power transmission industry brands, including: Ameridrives, Boston Gear, Warner Electric, TB Wood's, Stieber Clutch, Twiflex, Matrix International and Wichita Clutch.

On March 27, 2023, the company was acquired by Regal Rexnord Corp.

Brake
A brake is a mechanical device that inhibits motion by absorbing energy from a moving system. It is used for slowing or stopping a moving vehicle, wheel, axle, or to prevent its motion, most often accomplished by means of friction.
2nd National Geographic Bee
The 2nd National Geographic Bee was held in Washington, D.C., on May 24, 1990, sponsored by the National Geographic Society. The final competition was moderated by Jeopardy! host Alex Trebek. The winner was Susannah Batko-Yovino of the Washington-Jefferson School in Altoona, Pennsylvania, who won a $25,000 college scholarship. The 2nd-place winner, Tim Forest of C.J. Hooker Middle School in Goshen, New York, won a $15,000 scholarship. The 3rd-place winner, Martin Hohner of Luther Burbank School in Chicago, Illinois, won a $10,000 scholarship.

Altoona, Pennsylvania
Altoona (/ælˈtuːnə/ al-TOO-nə) is a city in Blair County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 43,963 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Altoona metropolitan area, which includes all of Blair County and was recorded as having a population of 122,823.

Altoona was established in 1849 by the Pennsylvania Railroad. Having grown around the railroad industry, the city has worked to recover from industrial decline and urban decentralization experienced in recent decades. The city is home to the Altoona Curve baseball team of the Eastern League, which is the AA affiliate of the Pittsburgh Pirates Major League Baseball team. They play at Peoples Natural Gas Field in Altoona. The Altoona Symphony Orchestra has called Altoona home since 1928. Prominent landmarks include the Horseshoe Curve, the Railroaders Memorial Museum, the Juniata Shops of the Altoona Works, the Mishler Theatre, the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, and the Jaffa Shrine Center.