hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
71st United States Congress
The 71st United States Congress was a meeting of the legislature of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1929, to March 4, 1931, during the first two years of Herbert Hoover's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

Both the House and Senate remained under Republican control, with increased majorities in each chamber. And with Herbert Hoover being sworn in as president on March 4, 1929, the Republicans maintained an overall federal government trifecta.

The 71st Congress also featured the most special elections of any Congress with 27 in all.

United States Statutes at Large
The United States Statutes at Large, commonly referred to as the Statutes at Large and abbreviated Stat., are an official record of Acts of Congress and concurrent resolutions passed by the United States Congress.

Each act and resolution of Congress is originally published as a slip law, which is classified as either public law (abbreviated Pub.L.) or private law (Pvt.L.), and designated and numbered accordingly. At the end of a congressional session, the statutes enacted during that session are compiled into bound books, known as "session law" publications. The United States Statutes at Large is the name of the session law publication for U.S. Federal statutes. The public laws and private laws are numbered and organized in chronological order.

U.S. Federal statutes are published in a three-part process, consisting of slip laws, session laws (Statutes at Large), and codification (United States Code).
Clend Mawuko Sowu
Clend Mawuko Sowu was a Ghanaian politician, soldier, member of the National Democratic Congress (NDC), Board Chairman of the Electricity Company of Ghana and Member of Parliament for the Anlo Constituency. He also served as Minister of Works and Housing and Regional Minister of the Volta Region during the Jerry John Rawlings government.

Anlo (Ghana parliament constituency)
Anlo is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Anlo is located in the Keta district  of the Volta Region of Ghana.
Indiana's 9th congressional district
Indiana's 9th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Indiana. Located in south-central and southeastern Indiana, the district includes the Indiana side of the Louisville metropolitan area. The district's largest city is Bloomington, home to Indiana University.

The district is currently represented by Erin Houchin, first elected in 2022.

2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana
The 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana were held on November 8, 2022, to elect the nine U.S. representatives from the state of Indiana, one from each of the state's nine congressional districts. The elections coincided with other elections to the U.S. House of Representatives, elections to the U.S. Senate, and various state and local elections. Primary elections took place on May 3.
Postage stamps and postal history of Ukraine
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Ukraine.

Ukraine is a republic in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by the Russian Federation to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south. After decades of Soviet occupation, Ukraine re-established its independence in 1991. The city of Kyiv is both the capital and the largest city of Ukraine.

Postal history
Postal history is the study of postal systems and how they operate and, or, the study of the use of postage stamps and covers and associated postal artifacts illustrating historical episodes in the development of postal systems. The term is attributed to Robson Lowe, a professional philatelist, stamp dealer and stamp auctioneer, who made the first organised study of the subject in the 1930s and described philatelists as "students of science", but postal historians as "students of humanity".  More precisely, philatelists describe postal history as the study of rates, routes, markings, and means (of transport).
History of the Jews in Toronto
Toronto's Jewish community is the most populous  and one of the oldest in the country, forming a significant part of the history of the Jews in Canada. It numbered about 240,000 in the 2001 census, having overtaken Montreal in the 1970s. As of 2011, the Greater Toronto Area is home to 188,710 Jews. The community in Toronto is composed of many different Jewish ethnic divisions, reflecting waves of immigration which started in the early 19th century. Canada's largest city is a centre of Jewish Canadian culture, and Toronto's Jews have played an important role in the development of the city.

Jewish ethnic divisions
Jewish ethnic divisions refer to many distinctive communities within the world's Jewish population. Although "Jewish" has been described by external observers as an ethnicity itself, there are distinct ethnic subdivisions among Jews, most of which are primarily the result of geographic branching from an originating Israelite population, mixing with local communities, and subsequent independent evolutions.

During the millennia of the Jewish diaspora, the communities would develop under the influence of their local environments; political, cultural, natural and demographic. Today, the manifestation of these differences among the Jews can be observed in Jewish cultural expressions of each community, including Jewish linguistic diversity, culinary preferences, liturgical practices, religious interpretations, and degrees and sources of genetic admixture.
Patranomodon
Patranomodon (from Greek πατρ- patr- “father”, thus “father of anomodonts”) is an extinct genus of therapsids belonging to the group Anomodontia. Rubidge and Hopson named this anomodont in 1990 after discovering its skull. Patranomodon is known to have ranged in the Karoo of Southern Africa.

Beaufort Group
The Beaufort Group is the third of the main subdivisions of the Karoo Supergroup  in South Africa. It is composed of a lower Adelaide Subgroup and an upper Tarkastad Subgroup. It follows conformably after the Ecca Group and unconformably underlies the Stormberg Group. Based on stratigraphic position, lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic correlations, palynological analyses, and other means of geological dating, the Beaufort Group rocks are considered to range between Middle Permian (Wordian) to Early Triassic (Anisian) in age.
Olga Conte
Olga Beatriz Conte (born 7 April 1966) is a retired Argentine sprinter specialising in the 200 and 400 metres. She represented her country at the 1991 and 1997 World Championships. In addition she won multiple  medals on continental level.

1991 World Championships in Athletics
The 3rd World Championships in Athletics (Japanese: 1991年世界陸上競技選手権大会), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held in the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo, Japan between August 23 and September 1, 1991. 1,517 athletes from 167 countries participated in the event. Japan hosted again the championship in 2007 in Osaka and Tokyo hosted the event again in 2025 in a new venue built at the same location.

The event is best-remembered for the men's long jump competition, when Carl Lewis made the best six-jump series in history, only to be beaten by Mike Powell, whose 8.95 m (29 ft 4.36 in) jump broke Bob Beamon's long-standing world record from the 1968 Summer Olympics.

East and West Germany reunified into a single nation in 1990. As a result, this was the first global athletics championship since the 1964 Summer Olympics in which all German athletes competed as a single team.
Grand Chess Tour 2015
Grand Chess Tour 2015 was the inaugural edition of Grand Chess Tour, an annual circuit of chess tournaments. It was won by incumbent World Chess Champion Magnus Carlsen.

The Grand Chess Tour was announced on April 24, 2015, prior to the match between Garry Kasparov and Nigel Short, and was billed as "the biggest announcement in professional chess since 1988." It had three events – Norway Chess in June, Sinquefield Cup in August and London Chess Classic in December. Each tournament consisted of nine regular tour players, who were selected based on their rating, and one wildcard.

Maxime Vachier-Lagrave
Maxime Vachier-Lagrave (French pronunciation: [maksim vaʃje laɡʁav]; born 21 October 1990), often referred to by his initials, MVL,  is a French chess grandmaster who is a former World Blitz Champion. With a peak rating of 2819, he is the seventh-highest rated player in history.

A chess prodigy, Vachier-Lagrave earned the title of grandmaster in 2005 at age 14. In 2007, he won the French Chess Championship, and in 2009, won the World Junior Chess Championship and the Biel Grandmaster Tournament. He repeated as French Chess Champion in 2011 and 2012 and as the winner of the Biel Grandmaster Tournament in 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016. He won the Sinquefield Cup in 2017 and 2021 and competed in the Candidates Tournament 2020–21, placing second.

He has participated in the Chess Olympiad and in the European Team Chess Championship, representing France. He also represents French esports organization Team Vitality.
Santa Anna High School
Santa Anna High School is a public high school located in Santa Anna, Texas, United States and classified as a 1A school by the University Interscholastic League (UIL). It is part of the Santa Anna Independent School District located in central Coleman County. For the 2021-2022 school year, the school was given a "B" by the Texas Education Agency.

University Interscholastic League
The University Interscholastic League (UIL) is an organization that creates rules for and administers almost all athletic, musical, and academic contests for public primary and secondary schools in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the largest organization of its type in the world.

Activities range from American football and cross-examination debate to mathematics and marching band competitions; however, the UIL does not administer Academic Decathlon competitions.

The UIL is under the governance of the Vice President for Diversity and Community Engagement at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Although the Texas Education Agency governs the activities of schools and school districts in Texas, the UIL does not report to TEA, but is instead a separate entity.
One Life (Hedley song)
"One Life" is a song by Canadian pop rock band Hedley. It was released on October 24, 2011, as the second single from their fourth studio album Storms. The song peaked at number 16 on the Canadian Hot 100 and reached within the top 30 on the Canada AC, Canada CHR/Top 40 and Canada Hot AC airplay charts. It was certified Platinum by Music Canada in March 2012.

Hedley (band)
Hedley was a Canadian pop rock formed in Abbotsford, British Columbia in 2003. They were named after the unincorporated community of Hedley, British Columbia, a name chosen after members heard that it was for sale for $346,000. After lead singer Jacob Hoggard placed third on the second season of Canadian Idol in 2004, the group signed with Universal Music Canada and released their self-titled debut studio album the following year. Hedley had commercial success with their subsequent studio albums, including Famous Last Words (2007), The Show Must Go (2009), Storms (2011), Wild Life (2013),  Hello (2015), and Cageless (2017).

Following the release of Cageless and its accompanying tour, members of Hedley faced accusations of sexual misconduct with young women over the course of their career. After Hoggard faced additional accusations of sexual assault by two women, the group confirmed they would enter an indefinite hiatus.
Inga Sætre
Inga Sætre (born 11 February 1978) is a Norwegian illustrator and comic writer. She was born in Brøttum in Ringsaker Municipality.

Her first comic series was Møkkajentene: Pøh, published in 2002. She has made comic strips for the newspapers Morgenbladet and Aftenposten, and for the magazine Syn og Segn.

She was awarded the Brage Prize in 2011 for the comic novel Fallteknikk.

Ringsaker Municipality
Ringsaker (pronunciationⓘ) is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Hedmarken. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Brumunddal. Other settlements in Ringsaker include the town of Moelv and the villages of Furnes, Kvål, Kylstad, Mesnali, Nydal, Rudshøgda, Stavsjø, Tingnes, and Byflaten.

The 1,280-square-kilometre (490 sq mi) municipality is the 77th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Ringsaker Municipality is the 30th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 35,911. The municipality's population density is 28.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (73/sq mi) and its population has increased by 6.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Gouy Cave
Gouy Cave (French: Grotte de Gouy) is a cave with engravings dating to the Paleolithic era in Gouy, France. It has the northernmost paleolithic cave art found in France.

The cave was discovered in 1956 by two boys, though inscriptions in the cave indicate that the cave was found but unreported by locals in 1881. Excavations began in 1959. Engravings found in Gouy Cave depict animals, including ox, horses, and deer. In 2010, the Archaeological Institute of America declared the site at risk due to tree roots growing in the cave's limestone walls.

Archaeological Institute of America
The Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) is North America's oldest learned society and largest organization devoted to the world of archaeology. AIA professionals have carried out archaeological fieldwork around the world and AIA has established research centers and schools in seven countries. As of 2019, the society had more than 6,100 members and more than 100 affiliated local societies in the United States and overseas. AIA members include professional archaeologists and members of the public.

The AIA has established many archaeological organizations and protected many historical sites in the world. The AIA has hosted an annual meeting every year for over 120 years, where archaeologists present their latest work. The institute also has established scholarships for students and awarded archaeologists for their contributions to archaeology.

The institute publishes a scholarly journal, the American Journal of Archaeology (AJA) and the magazine Archaeology.
Catequilla
Monte Catequilla (also Kati-Killa) is an archaeological site in the Pomasqui Valley of Ecuador. Located in the Parish of San Antonio  of Quito Canton in Pichincha Province, it has an elevation of 2,638 metres (8,655 ft) and is located on a mountaintop about 300 metres (980 ft) above valleys on either side. Attributed to the Pre-Columbian era Quitu-Cara culture, it was presumably used as an astronomical observatory even before the arrival of the Incas, and is the only prehispanic site in the Americas that is located precisely at the Earth's Equator.

Pichincha Province
Pichincha (Spanish pronunciation: [piˈtʃintʃa]) is a province of Ecuador located in the northern Sierra region; its capital and largest city is Quito. It is bordered by Imbabura and Esmeraldas to the north, Cotopaxi and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas to the south, Napo and Sucumbíos to the east, and Esmeraldas and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas to the west.

Prior to 2008, the canton Santo Domingo de los Colorados was part of the Pichincha Province. It has since become its own province, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas.

The province is home to many rose plantations, which make up the bulk of Ecuador's floriculture industry.
Blackout (1985 film)
Blackout is a 1985 American made-for-television psychological thriller film directed by Douglas Hickox, and written by Richard Smith, Richard Parks, Les Alexander, and David Ambrose. It stars Keith Carradine, Richard Widmark and Kathleen Quinlan.

David Ambrose
David Edwin Ambrose (born 21 February 1943) is a British novelist, playwright and screenwriter. His credits include at least twenty films, four stage plays, and many hours of television, including the controversial mockumentary Alternative 3 (1977). He was born in Chorley, Lancashire, and educated at Blackburn Grammar School and Merton College, Oxford. He was married to the Swiss-born artist Laurence Ambrose from 1979 until her death in 2019.
Alikovo Middle School
Alikovo Middle School (also known as "Yakovlev's school") is a state middle school that was opened in 1853 in the Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic of Russia, where it still stands today. As the alternate name of the education center suggests, Alikovo was founded by Ivan Yakovlev, a celebrated Chuvash educator and author, who is noted for having facilitated experiences of enlightenment.

Chuvashia
Chuvashia, officially known as Chuvash Republic — Chuvashia, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is the homeland of the Chuvash people. The republic's capital city is the city of Cheboksary. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,251,619.
British Academy Games Award for British Game
The British Academy Games Award for British Game is an award presented annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA). It is given in honour of "the best British game of the year, across all genres and platforms. Creative control and overall development must be led by a British development studio.". The first ceremony to introduce the award was the 9th British Academy Games Awards in 2013, and was received by Fireproof Games' The Room.

Since its inception, the award has been given to four games, all from separate developers and publishers. As developers, Playground Games have been nominated the most times on three occasions. As publishers, both Sony Computer Entertainment and Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment share the most nominations with four occasions each.

The current holder of the award is Thank Goodness You're Here!, developed by Coal Supper and published by Panic Inc., which won at the 21st British Academy Games Awards in 2025.

Panic Inc.
Panic Inc. is an American software development and video game publishing company based in Portland, Oregon. The company specializes in macOS and iOS applications and began publishing video games in 2016.

Panic was founded by Steven Frank and Cabel Sasser in 1997.
Waldburg Castle
The Waldburg (English: Forest castle) is the ancestral castle of the stewards, Imperial Counts and later Imperial Princes from the House of Waldburg. It dates from the 12th century and stands on the march of the municipality Waldburg in the district of Ravensburg, applies as one of the best preserved medieval buildings, and is one of the landmarks and the highest point in Upper Swabia.

Ravensburg (district)
Ravensburg is a Landkreis (district) in the southeast of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from southwest clockwise) Bodensee, Sigmaringen and Biberach, the Bavarian urban district Memmingen and the districts Unterallgäu, Oberallgäu and Lindau.
Victoria-Ștefania Petreanu
Victoria-Ștefania Petreanu (born 21 January 2003) is a Romanian rowing coxswain. She is an Olympic champion and won the gold medal in the women's eight at the 2024 Summer Olympics. Petreanu is also a two-time world champion and two-time European champion in eight.

Rowing at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's eight
The women's eight event at the 2024 Summer Olympics took place from 29 July to 3 August 2024 at the Stade nautique de Vaires-sur-Marne, the National Olympic Nautical Stadium of Île-de-France in Vaires-sur-Marne. Seven nations were represented with one boat each; 56 rowers and 7 coxswains competed.
Bruford Levin Upper Extremities (album)
Bruford Levin Upper Extremities is a self-titled album by the band Bruford Levin Upper Extremities. It is their only studio recording, released on Tony Levin's independent label Papa Bear Records. Formed by bassist Levin and drummer Bill Bruford (who had worked together as the rhythm section of King Crimson), the group also included guitarist David Torn and trumpeter Chris Botti. Torn, Bruford and Levin had recorded together on Torn's album Cloud About Mercury ten years before this.

Cloud About Mercury
Cloud About Mercury is the second album by guitarist David Torn, supported by trumpeter Mark Isham, bassist Tony Levin and drummer Bill Bruford. It was recorded in March 1986 and released on the ECM label in 1987.

Levin and Bruford had recently played  together in King Crimson. Fretless bassist Mick Karn (of Japan) had initially been selected as the bass player for the project but had to be replaced at the last minute by Levin after falling ill. Karn subsequently replaced Levin for Torn’s subsequent tour dates.
Charles Emmanuel Biset
Charles Emmanuel Biset or Karel Emmanuel Biset (26 December 1633 – 19 October 1707) was a Flemish painter who had a peripatetic career working in various cities and countries including his hometown Mechelen, Paris, possibly in Annonay (France), Brussels, Antwerp and Breda.  He worked in many genres including genre scenes of interiors with merry companies and gallery paintings, history painting, portraiture and possibly still lifes.

Jacob Campo Weyerman
Jacob Campo Weyerman (9 August 1677 – 9 March 1747) was a painter and writer during the period known as the Dutch Enlightenment. His work encompassed flower and fruit still life paintings, satirical magazines, plays, and biographies of painters.  He usually signed his paintings with Campovivo.
Maharishi School, Lancashire
The Maharishi School, ("Maharishi Free School or Maharishi School of the Age of Enlightenment")  is a non-academically selective free school in Skelmersdale and Lathom, Lancashire, UK. The school was founded in 1986 and uses "consciousness-based education" methods including Transcendental Meditation.

Department for Education
The Department for Education (DfE) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for child protection, child services, education (compulsory, further, and higher education), apprenticeships, and wider skills in England.

A Department for Education previously existed between 1992, when the Department of Education and Science was renamed, and 1995, when it was merged with the Department for Employment to become the Department for Education and Employment.

The current holder of Secretary of State for Education is the Rt Hon Bridget Phillipson MP and Susan Acland-Hood is the permanent secretary.

The expenditure, administration, and policy of the Department of Education are scrutinised by the Education Select Committee.