hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Turkestan
Turkestan, also spelled Turkistan, is a historical name for the region of Asia lying between the Caspian Sea to the west, Siberia to the north, the Gobi Desert to the east, and Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Tibet to the south. Turkestan is primarily inhabited by Turkic peoples, as well as Russian and Tajik-Persian minorities. It is subdivided into West Turkestan, which historically belonged to the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, and East Turkestan (identified either with the Tarim Basin/Southern Xinjiang or with Xinjiang as a whole), which forms part of China.

Throughout history, the region has been exposed to the invasion of several different groups and kingdoms, including the Huns, Hepthalites, Bactrians, Imperial China, Arab Caliphate,  Hellenistic Macedonian Empire, Achaemenid Empire,  as well as various Turkic states and the Mongol Empire. The Qara Khitai also briefly controlled a significant bulk of Turkestan.

Chinese Empire
Chinese Empire (traditional Chinese: 中華帝國; simplified Chinese: 中华帝国; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Dìguó), or Empire of China, refers to the realm ruled by the Emperor of China during the era of Imperial China. It was coined by western scholars to describe the Ming and Qing dynasties (or imperial Chinese dynasties in general). Another term was the "Celestial Empire", in reference to the status of the emperor as the Son of Heaven. In 221 BC, China was unified under an emperor for the first time, and various imperial dynasties ruled China for a total of two millennia since then, including the Qin, Han, Jin, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing, among others.
1957 Individual Long Track European Championship
The 1957 Individual Long Track European Championship was the first edition of the Long Track European Championship. The event was held on 15 September 1957 in Stockholm, Sweden.

The  title was won by Basse Hveem of Norway.

FIM Long Track World Championship
This is the complete list of Individual Long Track World Championship medalists from 1971. Also included are the medalists from 1957 to 1970 when the championship was known as the European Individual Long Track Championship.
Joseph J. Taluto
Joseph J. Taluto (born December 12, 1947) is a retired United States Army officer who served as the Adjutant General of New York. As adjutant general, he was the director of the New York State Division of Military & Naval Affairs, and served as overall commander of the New York Army National Guard, New York Air National Guard, New York Guard and  New York Naval Militia. Taluto commanded the 42nd Infantry Division (United States) in Iraq during Operation Iraqi Freedom from 2004 to 2006. He attained the rank of major general, and was a recipient of the Army Distinguished Service Medal, Legion of Merit, and Bronze Star Medal.

New York Naval Militia
The New York Naval Militia is the naval militia of the state of New York, and is under the authority of the Governor of New York as Commander-In-Chief of the state's military forces. With the New York Guard, the New York Army National Guard and New York Air National Guard, it is under the control of the New York State Division of Military and Naval Affairs and New York's Adjutant General. It is the oldest continuously operating Naval militia in the United States.

As of September 2022, the New York Naval Militia has about 2,800 members, more than 95 percent of whom are also members of the U.S. Navy Reserve, U.S. Marine Corps Reserve, or U.S. Coast Guard Reserve.
Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest 2006
Malta was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 with the song "I Do", written by Aldo Spiteri and Fabrizio Faniello, and performed by Faniello himself. The Maltese participating broadcaster, Public Broadcasting Services (PBS), selected its entry for the contest through a national competition consisting of two phases: Opportunity 2 and Malta Song for Europe 2006. In the final, held on 4 February 2006, "I Do" performed by Fabrizio Faniello emerged as the winning entry after gaining the most votes from a public televote with 7,729 votes. Faniello had already represented Malta in 2001.

As one of the ten highest placed finishers in 2005, Malta automatically qualified to compete in the final of the Eurovision Song Contest. Performing during the show in position 7, Malta placed twenty-fourth (last) out of the 24 participating countries with 1 point.

Chiara Siracusa
Chiara Siracusa (born 25 September 1976), often known mononymously as Chiara, is a Maltese singer. She represented her country in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1998, 2005, and 2009 and is with a second and a third place the third most successful participant who never won the contest (behind Germany's Katja Ebstein and Wind).
TMC6
Transmembrane channel-like protein 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMC6 gene. In vivo, TMC6 and its homolog TMC8, interact and form a complex with the zinc transporter 1 (SLC30A1) and localize mostly to the endoplasmic reticulum, but also to the nuclear membrane and Golgi apparatus.

Inactivating mutations in TMC6 or TMC8 have been implicated as the genetic cause of the rare skin disorder epidermodysplasia verruciformis, which is characterized by abnormal susceptibility to human papillomaviruses (HPVs) of the skin resulting in the growth of scaly macules and papules, particularly on the hands and feet.

Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus (/ˈɡɒldʒi/), also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. Part of the endomembrane system in the cytoplasm, it packages proteins into membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell before the vesicles are sent to their destination. It resides at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. It is of particular importance in processing proteins for secretion, containing a set of glycosylation enzymes that attach various sugar monomers to proteins as the proteins move through the apparatus.

The Golgi apparatus was identified in 1898 by the Italian biologist and pathologist Camillo Golgi. The organelle was later named after him in the 1910s.
Back in Your Own Backyard
"Back in Your Own Back Yard" is a popular song with lyrics written by Al Jolson and Billy Rose with music by Dave Dreyer. 
A popular recording by Ruth Etting, made on January 3, 1928, was issued by Columbia Records as catalog number 1288-D, with the flip side "When You're with Somebody Else". Jolson also recorded the song in 1928, on March 8, with Bill Wirges' Orchestra for Brunswick Records (catalog number 3867) with the flip side "Ol' Man River".

Billy Rose
Billy Rose (born William Samuel Rosenberg; September 6, 1899 – February 10, 1966) was an American impresario, theatrical showman, lyricist and columnist. For years both before and after World War II, Billy Rose was a major force in entertainment, with shows such as Billy Rose's Crazy Quilt (1931), Jumbo (1935), Billy Rose's Aquacade (1937), and Carmen Jones (1943). As a lyricist, he is credited with many songs, notably "Don't Bring Lulu" (1925), "Tonight You Belong to Me" (1926), "Me and My Shadow" (1927), "More Than You Know" (1929), "Without a Song" (1929), "It Happened in Monterrey" (1930), and "It's Only a Paper Moon" (1933).

Rose is also known as the husband of comedian and singer Fanny Brice.
2015–16 Copa del Rey de Balonmano
The 2015–16 Copa del Rey de Balonmano was the 41st edition of this tournament, organized by Liga ASOBAL. The tournament began on October 3 and 4, 2015, with the matches of the first round.

FC Barcelona Lassa won its 17th Copa del Rey title after defeating host team Helvetia Anaitasuna in the Final 33–30.

Liga ASOBAL
Liga Asobal is the premier professional handball league in Spain. It was founded in 1958 with the name of División de Honor, changing its name to the current name in 1990.
The Liga ASOBAL, which is played under EHF rules, currently consists of 16 teams, including famous ones like FC Barcelona, Ademar León, Bidasoa and Granollers.

Famous handball players who have played in the league include Jackson Richardson, Talant Dujshebaev, Staffan Olsson, Mikhail Yakimovich, Ólafur Stefánsson, Oleg Kisselev, Alberto Urdiales, Mateo Garralda, Enric Masip, Iñaki Urdangarin, David Barrufet, Kristian Kjelling, Mikkel Hansen, Petar Metličić, Ivano Balić, Juanín García, Mats Olsson, David Davis, László Nagy, Raúl Entrerríos, Alberto Entrerríos, and many others.
Culture and recreation in Cardiff
Cardiff has many cultural sites varying from the historical Cardiff Castle and out of town Castell Coch to the more modern Wales Millennium Centre and Cardiff Bay. Cardiff was a finalist in the European Capital of Culture 2008.

Bute Park
Bute Park and Arboretum (Welsh: Parc a Gardd Goed Bute) is a park in Cardiff, Wales. It comprises 130 acres (53 ha) of landscaped gardens and parkland that once formed the grounds of Cardiff Castle. The park is named after the 3rd Marquess of Bute, whose family owned the castle.
Ghiyath al-Din Naqqash
Mawlānā Ghiyāth al-Dīn Naqqāsh (Persian: غیاث الدین نقاش; fl. 1419–22)
was an envoy of the Timurid ruler of Persia and Transoxania, Mirza Shahrukh (r. 1404–1447), to the court of the Yongle Emperor (r. 1402–1424) of the Ming Dynasty of China, known for an important account he wrote of his embassy.
His name has also been transcribed in English works as 
Ḡīāṯ-al-Dīn Naqqaš,
Ghiyasu'd-Din Naqqash,
Ghiyāthu'd-Dīn Naqqāsh,  or
Ghiyathuddin Naqqash.

Ghiyasu'd-Din Naqqash was the official diarist of the large embassy sent by Mirza Shahrukh, whose capital was in Herat, to the court of China's Yongle Emperor in 1419. According to Vasily Bartold, he was a painter, as the moniker "Naqqash" indicated.

Nothing is known of Ghiyasu'd-Din Naqqash beyond what he tells in his diary. Rosemarie Quiring-Zoche suggested in 1980 that he may have been the same person as Mawlānā Ghiyāthu'd-Dīn Simnānī known from other sources, but later authors have viewed this suggestion as not proven by any evidence.

Timurid dynasty
The Timurid dynasty, self-designated as Gurkani, was the ruling dynasty of the Timurid Empire (1370–1507). It was a Sunni Muslim dynasty or Barlās clan of Turco-Mongol origin descended from the warlord Timur (also known as Tamerlane). The word "Gurkani" derives from Gurkân (گورکان)—a Persianized form of the Mongolian word kürgen, meaning 'son-in-law'. This was an honorific title used by the dynasty as the Timurids were in-laws of the line of Genghis Khan, founder of the Mongol Empire, as Timur had married Saray Mulk Khanum, a direct descendant of Genghis Khan. Members of the Timurid dynasty signaled the Timurid Renaissance, and they were strongly influenced by Persian culture and established two significant empires in history, the Timurid Empire (1370–1507) based in Persia and Central Asia, and the Mughal Empire (1526–1857) based in the Indian subcontinent.
Alexander Prosvirnin
Alexander Prosvirnin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Просви́рнин) (24 August 1964 – 15 August 2010) was a Soviet (Ukrainian) Nordic combined skier who competed in the early 1980s. He was born in Vorokhta. He won a bronze medal in the 3x10 km team event at the 1984 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Rovaniemi and finished 14th in the 15 km individual event at the 1985 championships in Seefeld.

Prosvirnin finished sixth in the individual event at the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo. His best individual finish was second in East Germany in 1983.

Vorokhta
Vorokhta (Ukrainian: Ворохта; Polish: Worochta) is a rural settlement located in the Carpathian Mountains on the Prut River in Ukraine. It is part of Nadvirna Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast. Historically, it is a tourist spa town and later was also turned into a ski resort with several ski-jumping ramps (Avanhard). Vorokhta hosts the administration of Vorokhta settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 4,207 (2022 estimate); due to a constant flow of tourists, its population almost year-round is bigger.

Located at an elevation of 800 metres (2,600 ft) above sea level, it is known for its close ties to the Hutsuls – an ethno-cultural group of Ukrainians who live in the Carpathians, and is often regarded as a Hutsul capital.
Eduardo Abeliuk
Eduardo Abeliuk (born in Santiago, Chile) is a Silicon Valley entrepreneur and technologist. He co-founded TeselaGen Biotech, a Synthetic Biology company based in San Francisco that emerged as a spin-off from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. He also founded ClassroomTV - an Educational technology company operating in Latin America - and KissMe, one of the early viral Facebook applications.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Bramham, West Yorkshire
Bramham is a village in the civil parish of Bramham cum Oglethorpe in the City of Leeds metropolitan borough, West Yorkshire, England.

It sits in the Wetherby ward of Leeds City Council and Elmet and Rothwell parliamentary constituency.

Tadcaster
Tadcaster is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, 15 miles (24 km) north-east of Leeds and 10 miles (16 km) south-west of York.

Its historical importance from Roman times onward was largely as the lowest road crossing-point on the River Wharfe until the construction of the A64 Tadcaster by-pass some 660 yards (600 m) to the south, in 1978. There are two rail crossings downstream of the town before the Wharfe joins the River Ouse near Cawood. Thanks to its position on the banks of the River Wharfe parts of the town adjacent to the bridge are prone to flooding.

The town was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire until 1974, but is now part of North Yorkshire. Tadcaster is twinned with Saint-Chély-d'Apcher in France.
Abu Bara al Yemeni
According to the 9/11 Commission Report, Abu Bara al Yemeni was a citizen of Yemen who was slated to participate in al Qaeda's attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001.
Abu Bara al Yemeni did not end up participating in the attacks, because he was not able to get a U.S. travel visa.

In April 2011, the whistleblower organization WikiLeaks published formerly secret Joint Task Force Guantanamo detainee assessments. 
The assessment for Abd al-Rahman Abdu Abu Aghayth Sulayman listed his stay in a Kandahar guesthouse operated by Abu Suhaib al Taize, as a justification for his detention.
The assessment said "Abu Suhaib al Taize" was an alias for Abu Bara al-Taizi, whose real name was Zuhail Abdo Anam Said al Sharabi.

Joint Task Force Guantanamo
Joint Task Force Guantanamo (JTF-GTMO) is a U.S. military joint task force based at  Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, Guantánamo Bay, Cuba on the southeastern end of the base. JTF-GTMO falls under US Southern Command. Since January 2002 the command has operated the Guantanamo Bay detention camps Camp X-Ray and its successors Camp Delta, Camp V, and Camp Echo, where detained prisoners are held who have been captured in the war in Afghanistan and elsewhere since the September 11, 2001 attacks. From the command's founding in 2002 to early 2022, the detainee population has been reduced from 779 to 37. As of February 7, 2024, the unit is under the command of U.S. Army Col. Steven Kane.
Wani, Yavatmal
Wani (pronunciationⓘ) is a 3rd largest city  in Yavatmal district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

Wani is located in eastern part of Yavatmal district and borders Chandrapur district. Despite being a taluka, Wani is important commercial hub for nearby area due to its strong market and its crucial location. Yavatmal city is 110 km from Wani and Chandrapur is only 52 km. Nagpur is 135 km from Wani and Wardha is 120 km by road connectivity. Amravati is 200 Kms from Wani City.

For its strategic location, great connectivity and rich abundance of many minerals, Wani holds an importance place in the region.

Yavatmal district
Yavatmal district pronunciationⓘ, [jəʋət̪maːɭ] formerly known as Yeotmal, is a district of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is located in the region of Vidarbha, in the east-central part of the state. It is Vidarbha's third-largest district by population, after Nagpur and Amravati. Yavatmal city is the administrative headquarters of the district.
Graham Paper Company
Graham Paper Company, formerly known as H. B. Graham and Brothers and originally known as H. B. Graham, was a privately owned American printer, manufacturer, and distributor of paper products.  It is the oldest paper company in the United States west of the Mississippi River.  By the 1960s, Graham Paper was the largest wholesaler of paper in the United States.  At its height, the company had 27 distribution centers throughout the country, including in every major city.  The company sold stationery, paperboard, newsprint sheets, spools of twine, machine-finished coated papers, wood-free uncoated papers, coated fine papers, and special fine papers.  Major clients included national and regional newspaper companies, book publishers, boards of education, and state governments.

Cotton paper
Cotton paper is paper made from cotton fiber. Prior to the mid-19th century, cotton rag paper was the main form of paper produced but pulp paper replaced cotton paper as the main paper material during the 19th century. Cotton linters, a harvesting byproduct of fine fibers which stick to the cotton seeds after processing, became the primary source material. Although pulp paper was cheaper to produce, its quality and durability is lower; cotton paper continues to be more durable, and consequently important documents are often printed on cotton paper.
The Three-Body Problem in Minecraft
The Three-Body Problem in Minecraft (Chinese: 我的三体; pinyin: Wǒdè Sāntǐ; lit. 'My Three-Body') is a Chinese network animated series based on the science fiction novels The Three-Body Problem and The Dark Forest by Liu Cixin. Initially, the animation was an unofficial machinima doujin work, but from the second season onward, it became an official adaptation.

Doujin
In Japan,  a doujin (Japanese: 同人, Hepburn: dōjin) is a group of people who share an interest, activity, or hobby. The word is sometimes translated into English as "clique", "fandom", "coterie", "society", or "circle" (as in "sewing circle"). Self-published creative works produced by these groups are also called doujin, including manga, magazines, novels, music (doujin music), anime, merch, and video games (doujin soft). Print doujin works are collectively called doujinshi.

Doujin works are typically amateur and derivative in nature, though some professional artists participate in doujin culture as a way to publish material outside the regular publishing industry.

Annual research by the research agency Media Create indicated that, of the 186¥ billion (US$1.66 billion) in revenue seen by the otaku industry in 2007, doujin sales made up 14.9% (US$274 million).
Papa Charlie Jackson
William Henry "Papa Charlie" Jackson (November 10, 1887 – May 7, 1938) was an early African American bluesman and songster who accompanied himself with a banjo guitar, a guitar, or a ukulele. His recording career began in 1924.  Much of his life remains a mystery, but his draft card lists his birthplace as New Orleans, Louisiana, and his death certificate states that he died in Chicago, Illinois, on May 7, 1938.

Banjo guitar
A Banjo guitar, also known as banjitar or ganjo, is a six-string banjo tuned in the standard tuning of a six-string guitar (E2-A2-D3-G3-B3-E4 from lowest to highest strings). The instrument is intended to allow guitar players to emulate a banjo, without learning the different tuning and fingering techniques required for the standard five-string banjo.

The banjo guitar differs from the standard five-string banjo in the number of strings, playing and tuning methods, and a slightly different timbre. The first versions of six-string banjos were introduced in the late 19th century though did not gain popularity. The concept was reintroduced in the mid to late 20th century.
Boston Cotillion
The Boston Cotillion is an annual debutante ball held in Boston, Massachusetts, in the United States. It was first held in 1944 and was inactive between 1996 and 2001.

It is organized by The Boston Cotillion, Inc. and honors a prominent Vincent Memorial Hospital physician each year for his or her outstanding contributions to medicine.  In 2007, it was held on June 15.

Debutante
A debutante, also spelled débutante (/ˈdɛbjʊtɑːnt/ DEB-yuu-tahnt; from French: débutante [debytɑ̃t], 'female beginner'), or deb is a young woman of aristocratic or upper-class family background who has reached maturity and is presented to society at a formal "debut" (UK: /ˈdeɪbjuː, ˈdɛbjuː/ DAY-byoo, DEB-yoo, US: /deɪˈbjuː/ day-BYOO; French: début [deby]) or debutante ball. Originally, the term indicated that the woman was old enough to be married, and one purpose of her "coming out" was to display her to eligible bachelors and their families with a view to marriage within a select circle.

A debutante ball, sometimes called a coming-out party, is a formal ball that includes presenting debutantes during the social season, usually during the spring or summer. Debutante balls may require prior instruction in social etiquette and appropriate morals.
In convertendo Dominus
In convertendo Dominus (When the Lord turned [the captivity of Zion]), sometimes referred to as In convertendo, is the Latin version of Psalm 126 (thus numbered in the King James Bible, number 125 in the Latin psalters). It has been set in full for a cappella choir by, amongst others, George de La Hèle (1547-1586) and Jean-Noël Marchand (1666-1710), by Dmitri Bortnyansky (1777), Marc-Antoine Charpentier H.169 (1670 ?), Michel-Richard Delalande S.25 (1684), Charles-Hubert Gervais (1723) and Jean-Philippe Rameau (In convertendo Dominus, c. 1710), by 16th century Scottish priest Patrick Douglas, as a motet for choir and orchestra and by Jules Van Nuffel for mixed choir and organ as his Op. 32 (1926); it has also been set in part (alternate verses only) for a cappella choir by Giovanni Bernardino Nanino. (For settings of the text in other languages, see here).

George de La Hèle
George de La Hèle (also Georges, Helle, Hele) (1547 – August 27, 1586) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance, mainly active in the Habsburg chapels of Spain and the Low Countries.  Among his surviving music is a book of eight masses, some for as many as eight voices.  While he was a prolific composer during his time in Spain, much of his music was destroyed in 1734 in the burning of the chapel library in Madrid.