hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Foreign fighters in the Syrian civil war
Foreign fighters in the Syrian civil war had come to Syria and joined all four sides in the war. In addition to Sunni foreign fighters arriving to defend the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant or join the Syrian rebels, Shia fighters from several countries have joined pro-government militias in Syria (assisted by private military contractors), and leftists have become foreign fighters in the Syrian Democratic Forces.

Estimates of the total number of foreign Sunnis who have fought for the Syrian rebels over the course of the conflict range from 5,000 to over 10,000, while foreign Shia fighters numbered around 10,000 or less in 2013 rising to between 15,000 and 25,000 in 2017. While more than 30,000 foreign fighters heeded the call to come to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, not all of these were deployed in Syria, as the Islamic State also held a large part of Iraq for some years.

Syrian Observatory for Human Rights
The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (also known as SOHR; Arabic: المرصد السوري لحقوق الإنسان), founded in May 2006, is a United Kingdom-based information office whose stated aim is to document human rights abuses in Syria; since 2011 it has focused on the Syrian civil war. It has been frequently quoted by major news outlets since the beginning of the war about daily numbers of deaths from all sides in the conflict and particularly civilians killed in airstrikes in Syria. The SOHR has been described as being anti-Assad and supporting the Syrian opposition, but has reported on war crimes committed by all sides of the conflict.
Sacred Heart Church, Petworth
Sacred Heart Church is a Roman Catholic Parish church in Petworth, West Sussex, England. It was built in 1896 and designed by Frederick Walters. It is situated on Angel Street to the north of Petworth Cottage Museum in the centre of the town. It is a Gothic Revival church and a Grade II listed building.

Burton Park
Burton Park is a 19th-century country house in the civil parish of Duncton in West Sussex, and is situated  1/2 a mile to the east of the village of Duncton, within its own estate. It is a Grade I listed building, now converted into multiple occupation.
Pukaar (Pakistani TV series)
Pukaar (Urdu: پکار; lit: Call) is a 2018 Pakistani drama serial that premiered on 8 February 2018 on ARY Digital. It is directed by Farooq Rind and written by Adeel Razzaq. The drama stars Zahid Ahmed and Yumna Zaidi in lead roles, in their third on-screen appearance after Jugnoo and Zara Yaad Kar. The serial is produced by Humayun Saeed and Shehzad Nasib under their production company Six Sigma Plus.

ARY Digital
ARY Digital HD (Urdu: ARY ڈیجیٹل) is a Pakistani television network available in Pakistan. ARY Digital was founded by a Dubai-based holding company of Pakistani businessman, Abdul Razzak Yaqoob and Salman Iqbal (ARY). The network is focused towards on Pakistani entertainment dramas, sitcoms, talk shows, web series and culture.

The channel broadcasts on cable and satellite networks, linear television as well as streaming platforms including YouTube Channel and ARY ZAP.
Oldsmobile F-88
The Oldsmobile F-88 was a dream car created by Oldsmobile in 1954, with initial sketches made by Bill Lange. It used the chassis of the Chevrolet Corvette and shared its 102 in (2,600 mm) wheelbase. Like the Corvette, and the Pontiac Bonneville Special, the F-88's body was fiberglass.

The car used a 324 cubic inch (5.3 litre) Super 88 V8 engine with a four-barrel carburetor with a small, flat air cleaner. The Corvette-derived rear axle had a ratio of 3.55:1. The console was modified from the 1953 Oldsmobile console with a tachometer added and customizing the fascia of the gauges. The instrument panel of the F-88 was later used on a Cutlass. The F-88 was sold to John and Maureen Hendricks for over three million dollars. Today it is on display in its own showroom at the Gateway Colorado Automobile Museum. Rumors suggest a second F-88 was destroyed in a fire between display shows.

Concept car
A concept car (also known as a concept vehicle or show vehicle) is a car made to showcase new styling or new technology. Concept cars are often exhibited at motor shows to gauge customer reaction to new and radical designs which may or may not be produced.

General Motors designer Harley Earl is generally credited with inventing the concept car, and did much to popularize it through its traveling Motorama shows of the 1950s.

Concept cars never go into production directly. In modern times, all would have to undergo many changes before the design is finalized for the sake of practicality, safety, regulatory compliance, and cost. A "production-intent" prototype, as opposed to a concept vehicle, serves this purpose.
Tia (name)
Tia is a usually feminine given name with diverse, unrelated origins from multiple cultures. It might have originated as a short form of names containing the word element tia or thea. The word tía is the Portuguese and Spanish word for aunt. Some parents might have used the name in reference to the alcoholic beverage Tia Maria. Tiana might be an extended version of the name. Tia is the goddess of peaceful death in Haida mythology. Tia was also the name of an ancient Egyptian princess who lived during the 19th Dynasty; the meaning of her name possibly referred to royal status. In some cultures, including the Ancient Egyptian and Maori, Tia has been used as a male name.

Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XIX), also known as the Ramessid  dynasty, is classified as the second Dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period, lasting from 1292 BC to 1189 BC. The 19th Dynasty and the 20th Dynasty furthermore together constitute an era known as the Ramesside period. This Dynasty was founded by Vizier Ramesses I, whom Pharaoh Horemheb chose as his successor to the throne.
Paxsi Awki
Paxsi Awki (Aymara paxsi moon, awki father / mister, sir, lord, "moon father" or moon lord", Hispanicized spellings Pacsiauqui, Pacchiauqui) is a mountain in the Andes of southern Peru, about 5,344 metres (17,533 ft) high. It is situated in the Moquegua Region, Mariscal Nieto Province, Carumas District, and in the Tacna Region, Candarave Province, Candarave District.

Department of Moquegua
Moquegua (Spanish pronunciation: [moˈkeɣwa] ⓘ; Mukiwa (Aymara); Muqiwa (Quechua)) is a department of Peru. It is located in the country's south, extending from the coast to its highlands. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Moquegua, which is among the main Peruvian cities for its high rates of GDP and national education.
Jeng Kirchen
Jeng Kirchen (December 13, 1919 in Hostert – November 30, 2010) was a Luxembourgish road racing cyclist who twice finished 5th in the Tour de France. Kirchen won his native race, the Tour de Luxembourg, in 1952, and took a total of 16 professional wins. He was the uncle and great-uncle of fellow cyclists Erny Kirchen and Kim Kirchen.

Tour de Luxembourg
The Tour de Luxembourg is an annual stage race in professional road bicycle racing held in Luxembourg. The Tour de Luxembourg is classified as a 2.Pro race, the highest rating below the World Tour, by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the sport's governing body. In 2006, the Tour became part of the UCI Europe Tour, and became part of the UCI ProSeries in 2020. Primarily held in late May to early June, the event was sometimes used by riders as a preparation race for the Tour de France.

In his 2021 autobiography Væddeløber, the 2014 winner Matti Breschel revealed that his victory was partially facilitated by offering riders of another team €1000 each if they succeeding in keeping contact with the breakaway.
William Jackson (Canadian politician)
William Jackson (April 18, 1858 – May 31, 1938) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Port Stanley, Canada West, Jackson was educated at the High School of St. Thomas and the Ontario Business College in 
Belleville, Ontario. A farmer by occupation, he was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the riding of Elgin West in the general elections of 1904. A Conservative, he did not run in 1908.

He was County Councillor for District No. 3, County of Elgin for eight years and Warden of the County in 1902.

Elgin West
Elgin West was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1935. It was located in the province of Ontario. It was created by the British North America Act 1867 which divided the county of Elgin into two ridings: Elgin East and Elgin West based on a traditional division.

The West Riding of Elgin was redefined in 1882 to consist of the townships of Southwold, Dunwich, Alboro', Orford and Howard, and the village of Ridgetown. In 1903, it was redefined to exclude the townships of  Orford and Howard, and the village of Ridgetown, and include the townships of the city of St. Thomas, and the town of Dutton. In 1914, it was redefined to include the villages of Rodney and West Lorne.

In 1924, it was defined as consisting of the county of Elgin, excluding the townships of Malahide and Bayham, and including the city of St. Thomas.

The electoral district was abolished in 1933 when it was merged into Elgin ridings.
Tusheti National Park
The Tusheti National Park (Georgian: თუშეთის ეროვნული პარკი) in eastern Georgia is one of the eight new protected areas approved by Parliament of Georgia on 22 April 2003.

The Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the World Bank were part of this approval process under the "Georgia – Protected Areas Development Project". Plants conserved in the park are pine groves (Pinus sylvestris) and birch groves (Betula pubescens and Betula raddeana).

The Tusheti Protected Areas includes Tusheti National Park, Tusheti Protected Landscape and Tusheti Strict Nature Reserve with total protected area about 113,660.2 ha.

The key faunal species in the park are the Anatolian leopard (Panthera pardus ambornii), bear, chamois, falcon, golden eagle, lammergeyer, lynx, wild goat and wolf. The park was named one of the "12 best places you’ve never heard of" by BudgetTravel in 2011 not only for its rich biodiversity but also for its aesthetic terrain, hamlets, old defense towers, cuisine, and folk culture.

Chamois
The chamois (/ˈʃæmwɑː/; French: [ʃamwa] ⓘ) (Rupicapra rupicapra) or Alpine chamois is a species of goat-antelope native to mountainous parts of Europe and Western Asia, from the Pyrenees, the Alps, the Apennines, the Dinarides, the Tatra to the Carpathian Mountains, the Balkan Mountains, the Rila–Rhodope massif, Pindus, the northeastern mountains of Turkey, and the Caucasus. It has also been introduced to the South Island of New Zealand. Some subspecies of chamois are strictly protected in the EU under the European Habitats Directive.
Kodasalli Dam
Kodasalli Dam is built across the Kali River (Kalinadi) in Yellapura taluk of Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka state, India. This dam was built by Karnataka Power Corporation Limited. This electric power generating station is classified as hydroelectric power station. It also is a major source of irrigation.

The Rural crop production in Yellapura is completely dependent on the water of Kodasalli Dam. it is a major source of water for farming and other related works.

Yellapur
Yellapura is a town in the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka, India. Arecanut is the primary crop grown in the villages surrounding the town. Approximately 90% of the population of Yellapura are farmers who grow Arecanut and paddy.
2025 BBVA Open Internacional de Valencia – Singles
Nuria Párrizas Díaz won the singles title at the 2025 BBVA Open Internacional de Valencia, defeating Louisa Chirico in the final, 7–5, 7–6(11–9).

Ann Li was the reigning champion, but chose to compete in s'Hertogenbosch instead.

Alina Charaeva
Alina Alekseevna Charaeva (Russian: Алина Алексеевна Чараева; born 27 May 2002) is a Russian tennis player.
She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 171, achieved on 11 August 2025, by the WTA. She has a career-high doubles ranking of No. 203, achieved on 28 July 2025. Charaeva has won six singles and five doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

She made her WTA Tour debut at the 2019 Kremlin Cup, having received a wildcard into the doubles main draw, partnering with Sofya Lansere.

At the WTA 125 2023 Andorrà Open, Charaeva entered as a wildcard and defeated third seed Océane Dodin in three sets to reach the second round, where she lost to Heather Watson.
1985 Croke Cup
The 1985 Croke Cup was the 34th staging of the Croke Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1944. The competition ran from 21 April to 19 May 1985.

St Finbarr's College were the defending champions, however, they were beaten by St Flannan's College in the Harty Cup quarter-final.

The final, a replay, was played on 19 May 1985 at the Gaelic Grounds in Limerick, between the North Monastery and St Brendan's Community School, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. North Monastery won the match by 4–11 to 1–05 to claim their fourth Croke Cup title overall and a first title in five years.

Frank Horgan was the top scorer with 4-01.

1944 Croke Cup
The 1944 Croke Cup was the inaugural staging of the Croke Cup. While provincial championships had been played in both Leinster and Munster since 1918, this was the first time that the two champions faced each other in an All-Ireland series.

The final was played on 23 April 1944 at Thurles Sportsfield, between St Flannan's College and St Kieran's College, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. St Flannan's College won the match by 5–05 to 3–03 to claim their first ever Croke Cup title.
4th Filmfare Awards Bangla
The 4th Filmfare Awards Bangla ceremony, presented by The Times Group, honoured the best Bengali language Indian films of 2019. The ceremony was held on 31 March 2021 in Kolkata.

Robibaar led the ceremony with 10 nominations, winning 3 awards including Best Film Critics' (for Atanu Ghosh) and Best Actress Critics' (for Jaya Ahsan). It was followed by Parineeta with 7 nominations, winning Best Actress (for Subhashree Ganguly). Nagarkirtan emerged as the most awarded film, with wins including Best Actor Critics' (for Riddhi Sen).

Swastika Mukherjee received dual nominations for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress, eventually winning the former (also shared by Subhashree Ganguly).

Riddhi Sen
Riddhi Sen is an Indian film actor who predominantly works in Bengali films along with a few Hindi films. He is the youngest actor in India to receive the National Film Award for Best Actor for his performance in the film Nagarkirtan.

He is also known for his work in several other film productions. In 2019, Film Companion ranked Sen's performance in Nagarkirtan among 100 Greatest Performances of the decade.
Questin monooxygenase
In enzymology, a questin monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.43) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

questin + NADPH + H+ + O2  demethylsulochrin + NADP+ + H2O

The 4 substrates of this enzyme are questin, NADPH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are demethylsulochrin, NADP+, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is questin,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating, anthraquinone-ring-opening). This enzyme is also called questin oxygenase.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Bashmakovo
Bashmakovo (Russian: Башмаково) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Bashmakovo, Penza Oblast, a work settlement in Bashmakovsky District of Penza Oblast

Rural localities

Bashmakovo, Kostroma Oblast, a village in Tsentralnoye Settlement of Buysky District of Kostroma Oblast

Bashmakovo, Oryol Oblast, a village in Alekhinsky Selsoviet of Khotynetsky District of Oryol Oblast

Bashmakovo, Pskov Oblast, a village in Nevelsky District of Pskov Oblast

Bashmakovo, Kalininsky District, Tver Oblast, a village in Kalininsky District, Tver Oblast

Bashmakovo, Staritsky District, Tver Oblast, a village in Staritsky District, Tver Oblast

Bashmakovo, Fakelsky Selsoviet, Igrinsky District, Udmurt Republic, a village in Fakelsky Selsoviet of Igrinsky District of the Udmurt Republic

Bashmakovo, Muzhbersky Selsoviet, Igrinsky District, Udmurt Republic, a village in Muzhbersky Selsoviet of Igrinsky District of the Udmurt Republic

Khotynetsky District
Khotynetsky District (Russian: Хотыне́цкий райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Oryol Oblast, Russia.

The area of the district is 800 square kilometers (310 sq mi).Its administrative center is an urban-type settlement of Khotynets.Population: 9,376 (est. 2018).
Mind at the End of the Tether
"Mind at the End of the Tether" is a single by the industrial hip-hop group Tackhead, released in 1986 on On-U Sound Records. Although the record states otherwise, the B-side is actually the Fats Comet song "King of the Beat".

On-U Sound Records
On-U Sound Records is an English record label known for releasing its own unique flavour of dub music since the 1980s. The label was founded by Adrian Sherwood in 1979/1980 and is home to acts such as Tackhead, Dub Syndicate, African Head Charge, Akabu, The London Underground, Little Annie, Creation Rebel, Mark Stewart, Gary Clail (who would have a number of Top 40 hits, like "Human Nature", credited to Gary Clail On-U Sound System), New Age Steppers, Audio Active, Asian Dub Foundation, and the dub collective Singers & Players.
Great Sauk State Trail
Great Sauk State Trail is a bike trail in Sauk County, Wisconsin. The trail was built in 2017 on a former Milwaukee Road railroad line. The trail begins in Sauk City at the Wisconsin River and ends just south of Devil's Lake State Park. The trail will eventually connect with the existing 400 State Trail in Reedsburg.

Wisconsin River
The Wisconsin River is the longest river in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, at approximately 430 miles (692 km) long. As a tributary of the Mississippi River, it is part of the Mississippi River System. The river's name was first recorded in 1673 by Jacques Marquette as "Meskousing" from his Indian guides - most likely Miami for "river running through a red place."

The river has been used for transportation, hunting, and fishing since prehistoric times. In the lumber industry, loggers used the upper reaches of the river and its tributaries to drive logs to their sawmills and the lower reaches to float rafts of sawn boards to markets as near as Portage and as far as St. Louis. Today, it is source of energy and tourism: dams along the river generate hydroelectric power, and people fish, boat, water-ski and sight-see on the river. It is home to many species of fish and other wildlife.
2022 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships – Women's 5000 m
The women's 5000 meter at the 2022 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships in Heerenveen took place at Thialf ice skating rink on Sunday 31 October 2021. Although the tournament was held in 2021 it was the 2022 edition as it was part of the 2021–2022 speed skating season. There were 12 participants. The first 5 skaters were eligible for the following World Cup tournaments

Thialf
Thialf (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtijɑlf]) is an ice arena in Heerenveen, Netherlands. Thialf is used for long track speed skating, short track speed skating, ice hockey, figure skating, ice speedway, and non-sporting events. The outdoor rink was opened in 1967, and the indoor stadium was opened in 1986. Several world records have been set in the indoor stadium.

Annually, Thialf hosts two Speed Skating World Cup events. Jan de Jong was the ice rink master at Thialf for many years.
North Columbia, California
North Columbia was a California Gold Rush town on the San Juan Ridge in Nevada County, California. Originally known as Columbia, Columbia Hill, or The Hill because of its proximity to Columbia Hill, it started as a gold miners' camp around 1851. When a Post Office was established on May 29, 1860, the word "North" was added in order to differentiate the settlement from Columbia, California, another gold rush town in Tuolumne County, California.

In 1878, when miners discovered that the Pliocene gravel bed upon which the town was built contained rich gold deposits, North Columbia was moved to its present location. But with the eventual curtailment of hydraulic mining, miners moved away. The post office closed in 1931.

Eventually, North Columbia became an unincorporated part of Nevada City, California.

Hydraulic mining
Hydraulic mining is a form of mining that uses high-pressure jets of water to dislodge rock material or move sediment. In the placer mining of gold or tin, the resulting water-sediment slurry is directed through sluice boxes to remove the gold or tin. It is also used in mining kaolin and coal.

Hydraulic mining developed from ancient Roman techniques that used water to excavate soft underground deposits. Its modern form, using pressurized water jets produced by a nozzle called a "monitor", came about in the 1850s during the California Gold Rush in the United States. Though successful in extracting gold-rich minerals, the widespread use of the process resulted in extensive environmental damage, such as increased flooding and erosion, and sediment blocking waterways and covering farm fields. These problems led to its legal regulation. Hydraulic mining has been used in various forms around the world.
Pehuenchesuchus
Pehuenchesuchus (meaning "Pehuenche crocodile", after the Mapuche name for the region in which it was found) is an extinct genus of sebecosuchian mesoeucrocodylian.  It was discovered in rocks of the late Turonian-Coniacian-age Upper Cretaceous Río Neuquén Formation (Neuquén Group, near Rincón de los Sauces, Neuquén, Argentina.

Mesoeucrocodylia
Mesoeucrocodylia is the clade that includes Eusuchia and crocodyliforms formerly placed in the paraphyletic group Mesosuchia. The group appeared during the Early Jurassic, and continues to the present day.
Hornum, Denmark
Hornum is a town in western Himmerland with a population of 926 (1. January 2025), located 21 km southeast of Løgstør and 9 km northwest of Aars. The town belongs to the municipality of Vesthimmerland Municipality and is located in the North Denmark Region.

Hornum is located in Ulstrup parish. Ulstrup Church, also known as Hornum-Ulstrup Church, is located a little south of the town by the old village of Ulstrup. In the northern part of the town lies Søttrup Frimenighedskirke.

North Jutland Region
The North Jutland Region (Danish: Region Nordjylland), or in some official sources, the North Denmark Region, is an administrative region of Denmark established on 1 January 2007 as part of the 2007 Danish municipal reform, which abolished the traditional counties (amter) and set up five larger regions. At the same time, smaller municipalities were merged into larger units, cutting the number of municipalities from 271 before 1 January 2006, when Ærø Municipality was created, to 98. North Jutland Region has 11 municipalities. The reform diminished the power of the regional level dramatically in favor of the local level and the central government in Copenhagen.