hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
DCU Center
The DCU Center (originally Centrum in Worcester, formerly Worcester's Centrum Centre and commonly Worcester Centrum) is an indoor arena and convention center complex in downtown Worcester, Massachusetts. The facility hosts a variety of events, including concerts, sporting events, family shows, conventions, trade-shows and meetings. It is owned by the City of Worcester and managed by ASM Global, a private management firm for public assembly facilities.

Ten-year naming rights were purchased in 2004 by Digital Federal Credit Union (DCU) and went into effect January 2005. DCU's naming rights were later extended to 2027.

Convention center
A convention center (American English; or conference centre in British English) is a large building that is designed to hold a convention, where individuals and groups gather to promote and share common interests. Convention centers typically offer sufficient floor area to accommodate several thousand attendees. Very large venues, suitable for major trade shows, are sometimes known as exhibition halls. Convention centers typically have at least one auditorium and may also contain concert halls, lecture halls, meeting rooms, and conference rooms. Some large resort area hotels include a convention center.

In Francophone countries, the term is palais des congrès (such as the Palais des Congrès de Paris) or centre des congrès (such as the Centre des congrès de Quebec).
Kamoke Tehsil
Kamoke is a Tehsil of Gujranwala district in Punjab, Pakistan. Located on the Grand Trunk Road, it is headquartered at Kamoke, which is approximately 24 km from Gujranwala - the district capital. Kamoke Tehsil is famous for its market of Basmati rice. It is administratively subdivided into twenty four union councils.

Kamoke is a bustling town located on the GT Road. Most inhabitants are Arain, Butt, Dar, Jat, Gujjar, Mughal, Momin Ansari, Rahmani Malik, Rajput, (Pathans are also influential)  and depend on agriculture. It is famous for its rice and burfi (a local sweet).
This area is attached to many villages and suburbs that are holding vast swathes of agricultural land. Almost all kind of vegetable are grown here as per the regional and climatic conditions. 
Rural vicinities are also well known for producing the dairy products that include milk, butter and other related products.

Jats
The Jat people (Hindi: [dʒaːʈ], Punjabi: [dʒəʈː]), also spelt Jaat and Jatt, are a traditionally agricultural caste in Northern India and Pakistan. Originally pastoralists in the lower Indus river-valley of Sindh, many Jats migrated north into the Punjab region in late medieval times, and subsequently into the Delhi Territory, northeastern Rajputana, and the western Gangetic Plain in the 17th and 18th centuries. Of Hindu, Muslim and Sikh faiths, they are now found mostly in the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan and the Pakistani regions of Sindh, Punjab and AJK.

By the 20th century, the landowning Jats became an influential group in several parts of North India, including Punjab, Western Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi. Over the years, several Jats abandoned agriculture in favour of urban jobs, and used their dominant economic and political status to claim higher social status.
Positive liberty
Positive liberty, or positive freedom, is the possession of the power and resources to act in the context of the structural limitations of the broader society which impacts a person's ability to act, as opposed to negative liberty, which is freedom from external restraint on one's actions.

The concepts of structure and agency are central to the concept of positive liberty because in order to be free, a person should be free from inhibitions of the social structure in carrying out their ambitions.  Structurally, classism, sexism, ageism, ableism and racism can inhibit a person's freedom. As positive liberty is primarily concerned with the possession of sociological agency, it is enhanced by the ability of citizens to participate in government and have their voices, interests, and concerns recognized and acted upon.

Isaiah Berlin's essay "Two Concepts of Liberty" (1958) is typically acknowledged as the first to explicitly draw the distinction between positive and negative liberty.

Structure and agency
In the social sciences there is a standing debate over the primacy of structure or agency in shaping human behaviour. Structure is the recurrent patterned arrangements which influence or limit the choices and opportunities available. Agency is the capacity of individuals to act independently and to make their own free choices. The structure versus agency debate may be understood as an issue of socialization against autonomy in determining whether an individual acts as a free agent or in a manner dictated by social structure.
Duftite
Duftite is a relatively common arsenate mineral with the formula CuPb(AsO4)(OH), related to conichalcite. It is green and often forms botryoidal aggregates. It is a member of the adelite-descloizite Group, Conichalcite-Duftite Series. Duftite and conichalcite specimens from Tsumeb are commonly zoned in color and composition. Microprobe analyses and X-ray powder-diffraction studies indicate extensive substitution of Zn for Cu, and Ca for Pb in the duftite structure. This indicates a solid solution among conichalcite, CaCu(AsO4 )(OH), austinite, CaZn(AsO4)(OH) and duftite PbCu(AsO4)(OH), all of them belonging to the adelite group of arsenates. It was named after Mining Councilor G Duft, Director of the Otavi Mine and Railroad Company, Tsumeb, Namibia. The type locality is the Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Otjikoto Region, Namibia.

Botryoidal
A botryoidal (/ˌbɒtriˈɔɪdəl/ BOT-ree-OY-dəl) texture or mineral habit, is one in which the mineral has an external form composed of many rounded segments, named for the Ancient Greek βότρυς (bótrus), meaning "a bunch of grapes".  This is a common form for many minerals, particularly hematite and malachite, which are known for frequently forming botryoidal masses. It is also a common form of goethite, smithsonite, fluorite, and chrysocolla.

Similar habits are reniform (kidney-shaped) and mammillary (breast-shaped or partial spheres).
Rachel McCulloch
Rachel McCulloch (June, 1942 - June 18, 2016) was an economist and the Rosen Family Professor of International Finance in the Department of Economics and International Business School at Brandeis University.  She was a leading figure in the field of international trade, with over 100 published papers, served as a consultant to the World Bank and Asian Development Bank, and was a member of the Presidential Commission on Industrial Competitiveness. She also served on the board of directors of the International Trade and Finance Association and on the executive committee of the American Economic Association.  She was the 2013 winner of the Carolyn Shaw Bell Award from the Committee on the Status of Women in the Economics Profession, given annually "to an individual who has furthered the status of women in the economics profession."

American Economic Association
The American Economic Association (AEA) is a learned society in the field of economics, with approximately 23,000 members. It publishes several peer-reviewed journals, including the Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Review, and the Journal of Economic Perspectives.
Chaman
Chaman (Urdu: چمن) is the capital city of the Chaman District in Balochistan, Pakistan. It is located near the Afghanistan-Pakistan border. The city is situated south of the Wesh–Chaman border crossing with the neighbouring Kandahar province of Afghanistan.

Kandahar Province
Kandahar is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the southern part of the country, sharing a border with Balochistan, Pakistan, to the south. It is surrounded by Helmand in the west, Uruzgan in the north and Zabul Province in the east. Its capital is the city of Kandahar, Afghanistan's second largest city, located on the Arghandab River. The greater region surrounding the province is called Loy Kandahar. The Emir of Afghanistan sends orders to Kabul from Kandahar making it the de facto capital of Afghanistan, although the main government body operates in Kabul. All meetings with the Emir take place in Kandahar, meetings excluding the Emir are in Kabul.

The province contains about 18 districts, over 1,000 villages, and approximately 1,431,876 people (the 6th most populous province), which is mostly tribal and a rural society. The main inhabitants of Kandahar province are the ethnic Baloch people followed by Tajiks, Pashtuns, Uzbeks, Turkmens and Hazaras.
Pinellas Suncoast Transit Authority
The Pinellas Suncoast Transit Authority (PSTA) is a government agency that provides public transportation for Pinellas County, Florida. The authority manages a fixed-route bus system that encompasses over 34 bus routes - including two express routes to Tampa; the Central Avenue Trolley; the Suncoast Beach Trolley; and the bus rapid transit service, the SunRunner and Spark.

Hillsborough Area Regional Transit
Hillsborough Area Regional Transit (HART),also known as the Hillsborough Transit Authority, is the public transportation provider for Hillsborough County, Florida. The agency operates fixed-route local and express bus service, paratransit service, demand-response service, MetroRapid service, and the TECO Line Streetcar system. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 12,628,800.
Gurpreet Singh Dhuri
Gurpreet Singh Dhuri (born 26 December 1983), or simply Dhuri, is an Indian sculptor and special make-up effects and installation artist. He is known for his clay modeling and portraiture in medium of sculpture and prosthetic makeup in Indian films. He is an alumnus of the Government College of Arts, Chandigarh where he completed a masters of fine art with a specialisation in sculpture.

Clay modeling
Clay modeling (or clay model making) for automobile prototypes was first introduced in the 1930s by automobile designer Harley Earl, head of the General Motors styling studio (known initially as the Art and Color Section, and later as the Design and Styling Department).

The design method prior had used wood and metal, a process that required more time.

Clay modeling is adopted throughout the industry and remains in use today, with designers and modelers using this method to refine their ideas, and for leadership for decision making, with high levels of confidentiality.

Industrial plasticine or "clay" used for this purpose, is a material that can be easily shaped, thus enabling designers to create models to visualize a product.
Frederick W. Green (Egyptologist)
Frederick William Green (March 21, 1869 – 1949) was an English Egyptologist, who worked at a number of sites throughout Egypt. He was honorary keeper of the antiquities at the  Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge from 1908 to 1949. Green was also a watercolour painter.

Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia; Arabic: علم المصريات) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt, including historic artifacts and ancient writing. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture, culture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.
E Nebula
The "E" or "Barnard's E" Nebula (officially designated as Barnard 142 and 143) is a pair of dark nebulae in the Aquila constellation.  It is a well-defined dark area on a background of Milky Way consisting of countless stars of all magnitudes, getting its name from its resemblance to the letter E in the Latin alphabet.  Its size is about that of the full moon, or roughly 0.5 degrees, and its distance from earth is estimated at 2,000 light years.

Latin alphabet
The Latin alphabet comprises the letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. In a largely unaltered form (two splits, ⟨J⟩ from ⟨I⟩ and ⟨U⟩ from ⟨V⟩; an addition, ⟨W⟩; and extensions such as letters with diacritics), it forms the Latin script that is used to write many languages worldwide: in western and central Europe, in Africa, in the Americas, and in Oceania. It is the most widely used writing system in the world, used by over 3,000 languages, which is about 70% of the global population.

Its basic modern 26-letter inventory is standardized as the ISO basic Latin alphabet.
Norm Verry
David Norman Verry (September 18, 1922 – October 12, 1961) was an American professional football player and coach. He played college football at the University of California (USC), earning third-team All-America and first-team All-Pacific Coast honors in 1942 as Tackle. Verry played professionally with Chicago Rockets of the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) from 1946 to 1947. He served as the head football coach at El Camino College in Alondra Park, California from 1952 to 1960, compiling a record of 54–27–2.

Verry coached the line at his alma mater, USC, in 1947 and 1948. In 1949, he assisted Marty Arnaga in coaching the football team at Inglewood High School in Inglewood, California. He joined the staff at El Camino as line coach in 1950 and succeeded Ambrose Schindler as head football coach two years later.

Verry died on October 12, 1961, at St. Vincent's Hospital in Los Angeles, after suffering a brain hemorrhage three weeks prior.

Alondra Park, California
Alondra Park (pronunciationⓘ), also known as El Camino Village, is an unincorporated community and census designated place (CDP) in the South Bay region of Los Angeles County, California, United States. It is the unincorporated area north of Alondra Community Regional Park and El Camino College. It is east of Lawndale, south of Hawthorne, west of Gardena, and north of Torrance. Manhattan Beach Boulevard and Crenshaw Boulevard are the two major cross streets in the area. The population was 8,569 at the 2020 census, down from 8,592 at the 2010 census.  There is an official Alondra Park Post Office of the U.S. Postal Service in nearby Gardena, California.  Urbanized cement-lined Dominguez Creek bisects a portion of Alondra Park.
Gaston Dorren
Gaston Dorren is a Dutch language expert, journalist, and writer.  He was born in Valkenburg aan de Geul, Netherlands and currently resides in Amersfoort, Netherlands with his wife Marleen Bekker.  Dorren is a polyglot who is able to speak six different languages and read nine more.  Dorren has achieved a modicum of international success, with Lingo being published in 12 different languages  and Babel in 15.  He also developed an app called The Language Lovers Guide to Europe, but it is no longer available.

Dorren wrote his most recent work, Babel, entirely in both English and Dutch himself.    The book was awarded the Dutch Language Book Prize 2019 by the language magazine Onze Taal and the Belgian-Dutch cultural association ANV.  His works have received positive reviews from publications such as Kirkus Reviews, The Guardian, The Wall Street Journal, and BBC

Genootschap Onze Taal
Genootschap Onze Taal ('Society Our Language') is a Dutch society dedicated to the Dutch language. It was founded in 1931, initially to guard the language against what was then seen as creeping invasion of Germanisms into the language.

The society publishes a journal, "Onze Taal", and a number of regularly appearing booklets on spelling, the most notable of which is the White Booklet. It also has an advisory service called the Taaladviesdienst.
UFC on Fuel TV: Gustafsson vs. Silva
UFC on Fuel TV: Gustafsson vs. Silva (also known as UFC on Fuel TV 2 or UFC: Sweden) was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on April 14, 2012, at the Ericsson Globe Arena in Stockholm, Sweden.

Avicii Arena
Avicii Arena, originally known as the Stockholm Globe Arena and previously as the Ericsson Globe, but commonly referred to in Swedish simply as Globen (Swedish: [ˈɡlǔːbɛn] ⓘ; lit. 'the Globe'), is an indoor arena located in Stockholm Globe City, Johanneshov district of Stockholm, Sweden. Despite the name changes, the local metro station is still named Globen metro station.

The arena represents the Sun in the Sweden Solar System, the world's largest scale model of the Solar System.
City (TV series)
City is an American sitcom television series aired on CBS from January 29 to June 8, 1990. It was a new starring vehicle for Valerie Harper, which went into development not long after she and husband Tony Cacciotti won their lawsuit against Lorimar-Telepictures over her dismissal from her NBC sitcom Valerie (which continued without her as The Hogan Family). City was created by Paul Haggis, and like the previous series was produced by Cacciotti.

Star vehicle
In the motion picture industry, a star vehicle (or simply vehicle) is a film written or produced for a specific star, either to further their career or simply to profit from their current popularity. It is designed to optimally display that star's particular talents or personal appeal. The term is also applied to stage plays and television programs. In some cases, a performer may produce their own star vehicle as self-promotion or a vanity project.
Pierre Boutin
Pierre Boutin (December 26, 1821 – December 3, 1901) was a farmer and political figure in Quebec. He represented Bellechasse in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1878 to 1881 as a Liberal.

He was born in Saint-Henri, Lower Canada, the son of Pierre Boutin and Rose Morisset, and was educated there. Boutin also served as justice of the peace at Saint-Raphaël. In 1848, he married Esther Bernard. Boutin was an unsuccessful candidate in Bellechasse in an 1875 federal by-election. He was elected to the Quebec assembly in 1878, defeating the incumbent Pierre Fradet, but was defeated by Narcisse-Henri-Édouard Faucher de Saint-Maurice when he ran for reelection in 1881. Boutin died at Beauport at the age of 79 and was buried in Saint-Raphaël.

Quebec Liberal Party
The Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec [paʁti libeʁal dy kebɛk], PLQ) is a provincial political party in Quebec. It has been independent of the federal Liberal Party of Canada since 1955.

The QLP has traditionally supported a form of Quebec federalist ideology with nuanced Canadian nationalist tones that supports Quebec remaining within the Canadian federation, while also supporting reforms that would allow substantial autonomism in Quebec. In the context of federal Canadian politics, it is a more centrist party when compared to Conservative and Liberal parties in other provinces, such as the former British Columbia Liberal Party.
Mokoia
Mokoia is a small settlement in south Taranaki, in the western North Island of New Zealand. It is located on State Highway 3, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the east of Hāwera and about 17 km northwest of Patea.

Ngāti Ruanui
Ngāti Ruanui is a Māori iwi traditionally based in the Taranaki region of New Zealand. In the 2006 census, 7,035 people claimed affiliation to the iwi. However, most members now live outside the traditional areas of the iwi.
Walks Scheme
The Walks Scheme (previously known as the Comhairle na Tuaithe/Rural Walks Scheme) is an initiative by the Irish Department of Rural and Community Development and the Gaeltacht which funds the maintenance of walks and trails through private and public lands. The scheme has been in existence since 2008.

Inishmaan
Inishmaan (/ˌɪnɪʃˈmæn/ IN-ish-MAN; Irish: Inis Meáin [ˈɪnʲɪʃ mʲaːnʲ], the official name, formerly spelled Inis Meadhóin, meaning "middle island") is the middle of the three main Aran Islands in Galway Bay, off the west coast of Ireland. It is part of County Galway in the province of Connacht. Inishmaan has a population of about 184 (census 2022), making it the least populous of the Aran Islands. It is one of the most important strongholds of traditional Irish culture. The island is predominantly Irish-speaking and part of the Gaeltacht, though all inhabitants have knowledge of English.
Big Art Group
Big Art Group is a New York City-based experimental performance ensemble that uses language and media to push formal boundaries of theatre, film and visual arts to create culturally transgressive works. It has publicly declared its goal as the desire to develop innovative performances using original text, technology, and experimental methods of communication.

Transgressive art
Transgressive art is art that aims to outrage or cause a reaction from the observer. The term transgressive was first used in this sense by American filmmaker Nick Zedd and his Cinema of Transgression in 1985. Zedd used it to describe his legacy with underground film-makers like Paul Morrissey, John Waters, and Kenneth Anger, and the relationship they shared with Zedd and his New York City peers in the early 1980s.
Charity Basaza Mulenga
Charity Basaza Mulenga is a Ugandan electrical engineer and academic administrator. She was the founding vice chancellor (2011 to 2016) of St. Augustine International University (SAIU), a private institution of higher education that the Uganda National Council for Higher Education accredited in 2011.

Academic administration
Academic administration is a branch of university or college employees responsible for the maintenance and supervision of the institution and separate from the faculty or academics, although some personnel may have joint responsibilities. Some type of separate administrative structure exists at almost all academic institutions. Fewer institutions are governed by employees who are also involved in academic or scholarly work. Many senior administrators are academics who have advanced degrees and no longer teach or conduct research.
Ganges (1794 ship)
Ganges was a brig launched at Bombay Dockyard for the Bengal Pilot Service, of the British East India Company (EIC). (She is sometimes referred to as a schooner, but that is more a reference to her role than her sailing rig.) She was burnt in Saugor Roads on 11 January 1797, or 11 January 1799. The accidental fire spread to the powder magazine and the explosion killed eight men. Forty men took to her boat, and 59 to a hastily constructed raft. Six hours after the men took to the raft Laurel rescued all the survivors.

Sagar Island
21°39′10″N 88°04′31″E﻿ / ﻿21.6528°N 88.0753°E﻿ / 21.6528; 88.0753

Sagar Island is an island in the Ganges delta, lying on the continental shelf of Bay of Bengal about 100 km (54 nautical miles) south of Kolkata. This island forms the Sagar CD Block in Kakdwip subdivision of South 24 Parganas district in the Indian State of West Bengal. Although Sagar Island is a part of Sundarbans, it does not have any tiger habitation or mangrove forests or small river tributaries as is characteristic of the overall Sundarban delta. This island is a place of Hindu pilgrimage. Every year on the day of Makar Sankranti (14 January), hundreds of thousands of Hindus gather to take a holy dip at the confluence of river Ganges and Bay of Bengal and offer prayers (puja) in the Kapil Muni Temple. Kolkata Port Trust has a pilot station and a light house.
Bapatla Assembly constituency
Bapatla Assembly constituency is a constituency in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Bapatla Lok Sabha constituency.

Vegesana Narendra Varma Raju is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from YSR Congress Party. As of 25 March 2019, there are a total of 183,917 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per Delimination Orders (1951).

Guntur district
Guntur district is  in the Coastal Andhra region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The administrative seat of the district is located at Guntur, one of the major urban centres of the state. Historically significant, the region was part of ancient Buddhist and Satavahana-era settlements and later came under various South Indian dynasties before British rule. The district is known for its agricultural prominence—particularly chilli and cotton cultivation—as well as education and trade. It forms part of the larger Coastal Andhra region and contributes significantly to the state’s economy and cultural heritage.