hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Third Battle of Fallujah
The Third Battle of Fallujah, code-named Operation Breaking Terrorism (Arabic: عملية كسر الإرهاب) by the Iraqi government, was a military operation against ISIL launched to capture the city of Fallujah and its suburbs, located about 69 kilometres (43 mi) west of Baghdad, the capital of Iraq. The operation began on 22 May 2016, three months after the Iraqi forces had started the total siege of Fallujah. On 26 June, Iraqi forces recaptured the city of Fallujah, before recapturing the remaining pocket of ISIL resistance in Fallujah's western outskirts two days later.

Military operation
A military operation (op) is the coordinated military actions of a state, or a non-state actor, in response to a developing situation. These actions are designed as a military plan to resolve the situation in the state or actor's favor. Operations may be of a combat or non-combat nature and may be referred to by a code name for the purpose of national security. Military operations are often known for their more generally accepted common usage names than their actual operational objectives.
Einion ap Collwyn
Einion ap Collwyn (sometimes "ap Gollwyn") (fl. 1093), was a Welsh prince and warrior supposed to have existed in the eleventh century. Not mentioned in medieval chronicles, he is the subject of possibly legendary or fictional writings from the sixteenth century onwards, the oldest surviving report being that of the Tudor antiquary John Leland. Some Welsh family genealogies claimed descent from Einion.

John Leland (antiquary)
John Leland or Leyland (13 September, c. 1503 – 18 April 1552) was an English poet and antiquary.

Leland has been described as "the father of English local history and bibliography". His Itinerary provided a unique source of observations and raw materials for many subsequent antiquaries, and introduced the county as the basic unit for studying the local history of England, an idea that has been influential ever since.
Janae Kroc
Janae Marie Kroczaleski (born Matthew Raymond Kroczaleski) is an American who previously competed as a professional powerlifter and competitive bodybuilder.

In combined (squat, bench press, and deadlift) equipped powerlifting total, on April 25, 2009, in Iowa, Kroc set the male world record in the 220 lb. weight class with 2,551 lbs (composed of 738 pound bench press, 810 pound deadlift and 1003 pound back squat), which at the time was also the fifth highest total for the 242 lb. male weight class. Kroczaleski no longer held the record as of August 21, 2010, when a 2,715 pound total was achieved by Shawn Frankl (the man who held the record prior to Kroczaleski) in Ohio.

In 2015, Kroc came out as transgender and genderfluid, taking the name 'Janae' and adopting she/her pronouns. Kroc uses the name 'Matt' and male pronouns when referring to the time before her transition.

Squat (exercise)
A squat is a strength exercise in which the trainee lowers their hips from a standing position and then stands back up. During the descent, the hip and knee joints flex while the ankle joint dorsiflexes; conversely the hip and knee joints extend and the ankle joint plantarflexes when standing up.

Squats are considered a vital exercise for increasing the strength and size of the lower body muscles as well as developing core strength. The primary agonist muscles used during the squat are the quadriceps femoris, the adductor magnus, and the gluteus maximus. The squat also isometrically uses the erector spinae and the abdominal muscles, among others.

The squat is one of the three lifts in the strength sport of powerlifting, together with the deadlift and the bench press. It is also considered a staple exercise in many popular recreational exercise programs.
Carl Sciortino
Carl Michael Sciortino Jr. (/ʃɔːrˈtiːnoʊ/ shor-TEE-noh; born July 6, 1978) is an American politician serving as executive director of the AIDS Action Committee of Massachusetts. A Democrat from Massachusetts, he represented the 34th Middlesex district in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 2005 to 2014. The district includes parts of Medford and Somerville. Sciortino was a candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 2013 special election to succeed Ed Markey as a U.S. Representative for Massachusetts's 5th district. He lost to Katherine Clark. His campaign’s television commercial with his father, a member of the Tea Party, received national publicity and went viral online.

Medford, Massachusetts
Medford is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. At the time of the 2020 United States census, Medford's population was 59,659. It is home to Tufts University, which has its campus on both sides of the Medford and Somerville border.
ScienceDaily
ScienceDaily is an American website launched in 1995 that aggregates press releases and publishes lightly edited press releases (a practice called churnalism) about science, similar to Phys.org and EurekAlert!.

Churnalism
Churnalism is the production of low-quality or unoriginal news articles, generally by paraphrasing other sources or press releases to avoid the need for time-consuming research or fact-checking.

Churnalism is often the result of understaffed journalists who do not have the resources for original news-gathering and checking sources. Because it can quickly be churned out (and thus is less expensive to produce), churnalism has become more common due to the revenue lost with the rise of Internet news and decline in advertising, with a particularly steep fall in late 2015. The term is a portmanteau of "churn" and "journalism", referring to the perceived "churning out" of content by the press; its creation has been credited to BBC journalist Waseem Zakir.
Four Hole Swamp
Four Hole Swamp is a small blackwater river that is a tributary to the Edisto River in South Carolina. The swamp rises in Calhoun County and flows 62 miles (100 km) to the confluence. The river is noteworthy for its unusual braided pattern; it has no well-defined channel but instead has multiple channels that start and disappear, maintaining a flow.

The swamp is the home of the Francis Beidler Forest, an 18,000-acre (73 km2) nature preserve containing over 1,800 acres  of virgin cypress and tupelo forest owned and operated by the National Audubon Society. Some of the trees are over 1500 years in age, and the forest is the home of a number of rare or endangered species.

Tupelo (tree)
Tupelo /ˈtuːpɪloʊ/, genus Nyssa /ˈnɪsə/, is a small genus of deciduous trees with alternate, simple leaves. It is sometimes included in the subfamily Nyssoideae of the dogwood family, Cornaceae, but is placed by other authorities in the family Nyssaceae. In the APG IV system, it is placed in Nyssaceae.

Most Nyssa species are highly tolerant of wet soils and flooding, and some need such environments as habitat. Some of the species are native to eastern North America, from southeastern Canada through the Eastern United States to Mexico and Central America. Other species are found in eastern and southeastern Asia, from China south through Indochina to Java and southwest to the Himalayas.
Life (Diamonds in the Dark)
"'Life (Diamonds in the Dark)" is a song by Swedish DJ and producer John Dahlbäck featuring Swedish recording artist Agnes. Dahlbäck originally released the instrumental version of the song called "Life" in February 2012, but later got Swedish singer Agnes to sing the vocals on the re-release. In an interview with American magazine "Billboard" Dahlbäck commented on the co-operation with Agnes; "“She’s one of the biggest pop stars in Sweden, so for me it was a big honor to have her on the track. This may not be what she’d do normally, but she’s very happy with the result.”

The song was released together with three remixes that accompanied the February 25, 2013, release. Dahlback selected remixes from Australian upstarts Feenixpawl, fellow Swedish DJs Lunde Bros., and Canadian electro-house artist Lazy Rich.

John Dahlbäck
John Dahlbäck (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈjɔnː ˈdɑ̌ːlbɛk]; born October 13, 1985) is a Swedish house music producer and DJ. He has released five albums and uses a variety of stage names. He has also collaborated with his cousin Jesper Dahlbäck in duo musical projects under the name Hugg & Pepp and Pepp & Kaliber.
Visual J++
Visual J++ is Microsoft's discontinued implementation of Java. Syntax, reserved words (keywords), and formal grammar conventions are the same as Java's. It was introduced in 1996 and discontinued in January 2004, replaced to a certain extent by J# and C#.

The implementation,  MSJVM, did not pass Sun Microsystems' compliance tests, leading to a lawsuit from Sun, Java's creator. Microsoft ceased such support for the MSJVM on December 31, 2007 (later Oracle bought Sun, and with it Java and its trademarks). Microsoft however, officially started distributing Java again in 2021 (though not bundled with Windows or its web browsers as before), i.e. their build of Oracle's OpenJDK, which Microsoft plans to support for at least 6 years, for LTS versions, i.e. to September 2027 for Java 17.

Syntax (programming languages)
The syntax of computer source code is code structured and ordered restricted to computer language rules. Like a natural language, a computer language (i.e. a programming language) defines the syntax that is valid for that language. A syntax error occurs when syntactically invalid source code is processed by a tool such as a compiler or interpreter.

The most commonly used languages are text-based with syntax based on strings. Alternatively, the syntax of a visual programming language is based on relationships between graphical elements.

When designing syntax, a designer of any language might start by writing down examples of both legal and illegal strings, before trying to figure out the general rules from those examples in use. Such that its general structure of syntax can be determined through its form of composition, so to yield semantically valid ranges everytime for each possible alteration. Or else, it returns errors, and warnings, for each invalid input.
Gene Designer
Gene Designer is a computer software package for bioinformatics. It is used by molecular biologists from academia, government, and the pharmaceutical, chemical, agricultural, and biotechnology industries to design, clone, and validate genetic sequences. It is proprietary software, released as freeware needing registration.

Restriction site
In molecular biology, restriction sites, or restriction recognition sites, are regions of a DNA molecule containing specific (4-8 base pairs in length) sequences of nucleotides; these are recognized by restriction enzymes, which cleave the DNA at or near the site. These are generally palindromic sequences (because restriction enzymes usually bind as homodimers), and a particular restriction enzyme may cut the sequence between two nucleotides within its recognition site, or somewhere nearby.
Douglas Kell
Douglas Bruce Kell CBE FRSB FLSW (born 7 April 1953) is a British biochemist and Professor of Systems Biology in the Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Liverpool part of the Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology  at the University of Liverpool. He was previously at the School of Chemistry at the University of Manchester, based in the Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB) where he founded and led the Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology (MCISB). He served as chief executive officer (CEO) of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) from 2008 to 2013.

University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology
The University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) was a university based in the centre of the city of Manchester in England. It specialised in technical and scientific subjects and was a major centre for research. On 1 October 2004, it amalgamated with the Victoria University of Manchester (commonly called the University of Manchester) to produce a new entity called the University of Manchester.

UMIST gained its royal charter in 1956 and became a fully autonomous university in 1994. Previously its degrees were awarded by the Victoria University of Manchester. The UMIST motto was Scientia et Labore (By Knowledge and Work).
Łopiszewo
Łopiszewo [wɔpiˈʂɛvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ryczywół, within Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.

During the German invasion of Poland, which started World War II, the Germans murdered six Poles in the village on 14 and 21 September 1939 (see Nazi crimes against the Polish nation).

Oborniki County
Oborniki County (Polish: powiat obornicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Oborniki, which lies 29 kilometres (18 mi) north of the regional capital Poznań. The only other town in the county is Rogoźno, lying 17 km (11 mi) north-east of Oborniki.

The county covers an area of 712.65 square kilometres (275.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 55,976, out of which the population of Oborniki is 17,850, that of Rogoźno is 10,905, and the rural population is 27,221.
Made in Heaven (1987 film)
Made in Heaven is a 1987 American romantic fantasy comedy film directed by Alan Rudolph, script from Bruce A. Evans and Raynold Gideon, and produced by Lorimar Productions. The film stars Timothy Hutton and Kelly McGillis and has cameos by Tom Petty, Ric Ocasek in his film debut, Ellen Barkin and Neil Young. Emmett, a chain-smoking male angel, was played by Debra Winger (Hutton's then wife), but the character was only credited as being played by "Himself."

The original music score was composed by Mark Isham. The film was marketed with the tagline "How in Heaven did they meet? How on Earth will they find each other?"

Made in Heaven concerns two souls who cross paths in Heaven and then attempt to reconnect once they are reborn on Earth.

In 1988, the film was released on VHS format as well as digital stereo LaserDisc format. In 2009, the film made its DVD debut as part of the Warner Archive Collection.

Lorimar Television
Lorimar Television (formerly Lorimar Productions, Inc. and Lorimar Distribution, commonly known as Lorimar) was an American production company that was later a subsidiary of Warner Bros. It was active from February 1, 1969 until December 1, 1993, when it was combined into Warner Bros. Television. The company was founded by Irwin Molasky, Merv Adelson, and Lee Rich. The brand was a portmanteau of the name of Merv's then wife, Lori, and Palomar Airport, in San Diego.
Red curry
Red curry (Thai: แกงเผ็ด, RTGS: kaeng phet, pron. [kɛːŋ pʰèt], lit. 'spicy curry') is a Thai dish consisting of red curry paste cooked in coconut milk with meat such as chicken, beef, pork, duck or shrimp added, or else a vegetarian protein source such as tofu.

Curry paste
Curry paste is a mixture of ingredients in the consistency of a paste used in the preparation of a curry. There are different varieties of curry paste depending from the region and also within the same cuisine. It is generally a mixture of fine-powdered spices with either oil and water or coconut milk; the fat content helps extract the flavor. Some cuisines (e.g. Thai) favor the use of a curry paste over a curry powder.
Isel (river)
The Isel (German pronunciation: [ˈiːzl̩] ⓘ) is a 57.3 kilometres (35.6 mi) glacier-fed river in East Tyrol, Austria. 
The river flow varies with daily and seasonal temperature changes, and the riverbed is constantly shifting, creating a unique environment.
The river's course runs along a geological fault running from NW to SE. 
It held a glacier during the last ice age, which has left boulders and gravel along the valley.
There have been various proposals to dam and divert the water for use in generating hydroelectricity which have been opposed by environmentalists.
Since 2015 the river has been designated a Natura 2000 site, which offers some protection.
There is a hiking trail along the river, and it is known for excellent whitewater rafting conditions.

Natura 2000
Natura 2000 is a network of nature protection areas in the territory of the European Union. It is made up of Special Areas of Conservation and Special Protection Areas designated under the Habitats Directive and the Birds Directive, respectively. The network includes both terrestrial and Marine Protected Areas.

The Natura 2000 network covered more than 18% of the European Union's land area and more than 7% of its marine area in 2022.
Rummanah
Rummanah (Arabic: رمّانه) is a Palestinian village in the Jenin Governorate of Palestine, located 17 kilometers (11 mi) northwest of the city of Jenin in the northern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the town had a population of  3,372 inhabitants in mid-year 2006.

Maximianopolis (Palestine)
Maximianopolis (Ancient Greek: Μαξιμιανόπολις) was an ancient city in the Roman province of Syria Palaestina, later in the province of Palaestina Secunda within the Byzantine Empire. The name Maximianopolis ('City of Maximian') was given to it by Diocletian (r. 284–305), in honour of his co-emperor Maximian. It was located 17 M.P. from Caesarea and 10 M.P. from Jezreel. The town earlier bore the names Legio and Caporcotani.

Legio's name was preserved in that of the nearby former Arab village of Lejjun.
Cade, Oklahoma
Cade is an unincorporated community in Bryan County, Oklahoma, United States. It is in northeastern Bryan County and had a post office from April 1, 1903, until October 31, 1915. Cade was named after Cassius M. Cade, a territorial political leader.  At the time of its founding Cade was located in Jackson County, Choctaw Nation.

Jackson County, Choctaw Nation
Jackson County was a political subdivision of the Choctaw Nation of Indian Territory, prior to Oklahoma being admitted as a state.  The county formed part of the Nation's Pushmataha District, or Third District, one of three administrative super-regions.
Tingsten
Tingsten is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Lars Tingsten (1857–1937), Swedish Army general and Minister for War

Herbert Tingsten (1896–1973), Swedish political scientist, writer, and newspaper publisher

Herbert Tingsten
Herbert Lars Gustaf Tingsten (17 March 1896 – 26 December 1973) was a Swedish political scientist, writer and newspaper publisher. An influential figure in Swedish political science, he was a professor of political science at Stockholm University from 1935 to 1946, and executive editor of the newspaper Dagens Nyheter from 1946 to 1959.
Experimental uncertainty analysis
Experimental uncertainty analysis is a technique that analyses a derived quantity, based on the uncertainties in the experimentally measured quantities that are used in some form of mathematical relationship ("model") to calculate that derived quantity. The model used to convert the measurements into the derived quantity is usually based on fundamental principles of a science or engineering discipline.

The uncertainty has two components, namely, bias (related to accuracy) and the unavoidable random variation that occurs when making repeated measurements (related to precision). The measured quantities may have biases, and they certainly have random variation, so what needs to be addressed is how these are "propagated" into the uncertainty of the derived quantity. Uncertainty analysis is often called the "propagation of error."

Mathematical model
A mathematical model is an abstract description of a concrete  system using mathematical concepts and language. The process of developing a mathematical model is termed mathematical modeling. Mathematical models are used in many fields, including applied mathematics, natural sciences, social sciences and engineering. In particular, the field of operations research studies the use of mathematical modelling and related tools to solve problems in business or military operations. A model may help to characterize a system by studying the effects of different components, which may be used to make predictions about behavior or solve specific problems.
Hiroshi Motoyama
Hiroshi Motoyama (本山 博, Motoyama Hiroshi; December 15, 1925 – September 19, 2015) was a Japanese parapsychologist, spiritual instructor and author whose primary topic was spiritual self-cultivation and the relationship between the mind and body. Motoyama emphasized the meditative practices of Samkhya/Yoga, karma, reincarnation and Hindu theories of the chakras.

Motoyama died in September 2015 at the age of 89.

Parapsychology
Parapsychology is the study of alleged psychic phenomena (extrasensory perception, telepathy, teleportation, precognition, clairvoyance, psychokinesis (also called telekinesis), and psychometry) and other paranormal claims, for example, those related to near-death experiences, synchronicity, apparitional experiences, etc. Criticized as being a pseudoscience, the majority of mainstream scientists reject it. Parapsychology has been criticized for continuing investigation despite being unable to provide reproducible evidence for the existence of any psychic phenomena after more than a century of research.

Parapsychology research rarely appears in mainstream scientific journals; a few niche journals publish most papers about parapsychology.
Tyler Johnson (basketball)
Tyler Ryan Johnson (born May 7, 1992) is an American basketball assistant coach of the Fresno State Bulldogs of the Mountain West Conference. He is a former professional basketball player who last played for the Brisbane Bullets of the Australian National Basketball League (NBL). He played college basketball for Fresno State.

National Basketball League (Australia)
The National Basketball League (NBL) is a men's professional basketball league in Australasia, currently composed of ten teams: nine in Australia and one in New Zealand. It is the premier professional men's basketball league in Australia and New Zealand. The league was played in the Australian winter until 1998 when it switched to summer seasons beginning with the 1998–99 season. The NBL's regular season runs from September to February, with each team playing 33 games. The league's finals extends into March to April, culminating with the Championship grand final series.
Marie Hines
Madonna Marie Hines is a Nashville-based indie pop singer-songwriter. She has released one studio album and six EPs since 2010. Her music is frequently used in wedding videos, television, ad campaigns, & films both nationally and internationally. Her musical style has been compared to Ingrid Michaelson, Norah Jones, Regina Spektor and Sara Bareilles.

Music genre
A music genre is a conventional category that identifies some pieces of music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of conventions. Genre is to be distinguished from musical form and musical style, although in practice these terms are sometimes used interchangeably.

Music can be divided into genres in numerous ways, sometimes broadly and with polarity, e.g., popular music as opposed to art music or folk music, or, as another example, religious music and secular music. Often, however, classification draws on the proliferation of derivative subgenres, fusion genres, and microgenres that has started to accrue, e.g., screamo, country pop, and mumble rap, respectively. The artistic nature of music means that these classifications are often subjective and controversial, and some may overlap. As genres evolve, novel music is sometimes lumped into existing categories.