hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Fort Erie (1866)
During the 1866 Fenian raids into the Province of Canada, the Battle of Fort Erie was a surrounding and forcing of the Fenian invaders' surrender following a skirmish near Fort Erie and the farther-away Battle of Ridgeway on June 2. The Fenian force, withdrawing from Ridgeway, met a small force of Canadian militia at Fort Erie, then known as the village of Waterloo.

Fenian Brotherhood
The Fenian Brotherhood (Irish: Bráithreachas na bhFíníní) was an Irish republican organisation founded in the United States in 1858 by John O'Mahony and Michael Doheny. It was a precursor to Clan na Gael, a sister organisation to the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). Members were commonly known as "Fenians". O'Mahony, who was a Gaelic scholar, named his organisation after the Fianna, the legendary band of Irish warriors led by Fionn mac Cumhaill.
The Girl Spy
The Girl Spy films are an American silent film series produced by Kalem and shot in Jacksonville, Florida.  The films in the series were directed by Sidney Olcott and all starred American filmmaker and actress Gene Gauntier who was also the screenwriter for the series. The films are The Girl Spy: An Incident of the Civil War (1909); The Further Adventures of the Girl Spy (1910); The Bravest Girl in the South (1910); The Love Romance of the Girl Spy (1910); The Girl Spy Before Vicksburg (1910); and To the Aid of Stonewall Jackson: An Exploit of the Girl Spy (1911).

Kalem Company
The Kalem Company was an early American film studio founded in New York City in 1907. It was one of the first companies to make films abroad and to set up winter production facilities, first in Florida and then in California. Kalem was sold to Vitagraph Studios in 1917.
Destruction in Kobe (2024)
Destruction in Kobe (2024) was a professional wrestling event promoted by New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) and took place at Kobe World Memorial Hall in Kobe, Japan on September 29, 2024. It was the twenty-sixth event in the Destruction chronology.

World Memorial Hall
World Memorial Hall (ワールド記念ホール, Wārudo Kinen Hōru) or World Hall is a multi-purpose arena located in the Chūō-ku Ward of Kobe, Japan. It has a maximum capacity of 8,000 people and is optimized for large-scale meetings, sport events, trade shows and concerts. It is located on the artificial island of Port Island, along with numerous convention centers, hotels and universities.
The Cage (The Killing)
"The Cage" is the second episode of the American television drama series The Killing, which aired on April 3, 2011, on AMC in the United States after the pilot episode. The episode was written by Veena Sud and was directed by Ed Bianchi. In the episode, police question Rosie Larsen's grieving parents. Rosie's best friend, Sterling, and ex-boyfriend, Jasper, enter the suspect list, which leads the detectives to new evidence found at the school.

Veena Sud
Veena Cabreros-Sud (pronounced "Sood") is a Canadian-born American television writer, director, and producer. She is best known for developing the American television drama series The Killing (2011-2014), which is based on the Danish series Forbrydelsen (The Crime).
Opinion polling for the 2027 Spanish local elections (La Rioja)
In the run up to the 2027 Spanish local elections, various organisations carry out opinion polling to gauge voting intention in local entities in Spain. Results of such polls for municipalities in La Rioja are displayed in this article. The date range for these opinion polls is from the previous local elections, held on 28 May 2023, to the day the next elections will be held, on 23 May 2027.

Polls are listed in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" columns on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a given poll.

Opinion poll
An opinion poll, often simply referred to as a survey or a poll, is a human research survey of public opinion from a particular sample. Opinion polls are usually designed to represent the opinions of a population by conducting a series of questions and then extrapolating generalities in ratio or within confidence intervals. A person who conducts polls is referred to as a pollster.
Experiment Farm Cottage
Experiment Farm Cottage is a heritage-listed former farm and residence and now house museum at 9 Ruse Street, Harris Park, City of Parramatta, Sydney, Australia. It is one of Australia's oldest standing residences, being built in c. 1834. It is located at the site of Experiment Farm, Australia's first European farmstead, which was itself created by Australia's first land grant. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Land grant
A land grant is a gift of real estate—land or its use privileges—made by a government or other authority as an incentive, means of enabling works, or as a reward for services to an individual, especially in return for military service. Grants of land are also awarded to individuals and companies as incentives to develop unused land in relatively unpopulated countries; the process of awarding land grants are not limited to the countries named below. The United States historically gave out numerous land grants as homesteads to individuals desiring to make a farm. The American Industrial Revolution was guided by many supportive acts of legislatures (for example, the Main Line of Public Works legislation of 1863) promoting commerce or transportation infrastructure development by private companies, such as the Cumberland Road turnpike, the Lehigh Canal, the Schuylkill Canal and the many railroads that tied the young United States together.
New Clee
New Clee is a suburb and an ecclesiastical parish of Grimsby in North East Lincolnshire, England.

The ecclesiastical parish is New Clee St John & St Stephen, based on the eponymous parish church, includes suburban streets, the station, part of the docks, and Grant Thorold Park which was a 1904 gift to Grimsby. The parish is part of the Deanery of Grimsby & Cleethorpes. The 2013 incumbent is the Revd Kay Jones.

The original Saxon church of St. John the Evangelist was rebuilt in 1879, designed by J. Fowler, the Louth architect. It was demolished when the Cleethorpes road was widened. The church, with both its dedications, now meets at the Shalom Centre in Rutland Street.

According to the Church Urban Fund this is one of the most deprived areas in the country.

Blundell Park football ground is in the suburb, but outside the ecclesiastical parish.

The suburb is served by New Clee railway station.

North East Lincolnshire
North East Lincolnshire is a unitary authority area with borough status in Lincolnshire, England. It borders the borough of North Lincolnshire and districts of West Lindsey and East Lindsey. The population of the district in the 2011 Census was 159,616. The administrative centre and largest settlement is Grimsby and the borough includes the towns of Cleethorpes and Immingham as well as the villages of New Waltham, Waltham, Humberston, Healing and Great Coates. The borough is also home to the Port of Grimsby and Port of Immingham as well as Cleethorpes beach.
Emma Goes to Bollywood
Emma Goes to Bollywood is a 2005 British documentary film produced and broadcast by BBC Two. It was directed by Louis Theroux and released on 12 June 2005. It stars Emma Bunton on her travel to Bollywood.

Sameera Reddy
Sameera (born 14 December 1978) is a former Indian actress who primarily worked in Hindi, Tamil and Telugu language films. She made her film debut with the 2002 film Maine Dil Tujhko Diya. Sameera is best known for starring in films such as Darna Mana Hai (2003), Musafir (2004), Jai Chiranjeeva (2005), Taxi No. 9211 (2006), Ashok (2006), Race (2008), Vaaranam Aayiram (2008), De Dana Dan (2009), Aakrosh (2010), Nadunisi Naaygal (2011), Vettai (2012) and Tezz (2012).
Mary Beth Ruskai
Mary Beth Ruskai (February 26, 1944 – September 27, 2023) was an American mathematical physicist and professor of mathematics with interest in mathematical problems in quantum physics. She was a Fellow of the AAAS, AMS, APS, and AWM.

Institute for Quantum Computing
The Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC) is an affiliate scientific research institute of the University of Waterloo located in Waterloo, Ontario with a multidisciplinary approach to the field of quantum information processing. IQC was founded in 2002 primarily through a donation made by Mike Lazaridis and his wife Ophelia whose substantial donations have continued over the years.  The institute is now located in the Mike & Ophelia Lazaridis Quantum-Nano Centre and the Research Advancement Centre at the University of Waterloo.

Its executive director is physics professor Norbert Lütkenhaus and hosts researchers based in 7 departments across 3 faculties at the University of Waterloo. In addition to theoretical and experimental research on quantum computing, IQC also hosts academic conferences and workshops, short courses for undergraduate and high school students, and scientific outreach events including open houses and tours for the public.
St. Joseph Cathedral, Gambela
St. Joseph Cathedral (Amharic: ቅዱስ ዮሴፍ ካቴድራል) is a Catholic cathedral located in the town of Gambela, Gambela Region, Ethiopia.

It is a Latin Church congregation that is part of the Apostolic Vicariate of Gambella (Vicariatus Apostolicus Gambellensis) which was created on 16 November 2000. As the name indicates its patron saint is Saint Joseph. Nearby also is the Gambela National Park.

Gambela (city)
Gambela (Amharic: ጋምቤላ), also spelled Gambella, is a city and separate woreda in Ethiopia and the capital of the Gambela Region. Located in Anyuak Zone, at the confluence of the Baro River and its tributary the Jajjabe, the city has a latitude and longitude of 8°15′N 34°35′E﻿ / ﻿8.250°N 34.583°E﻿ / 8.250; 34.583 and an elevation of 526 meters. It is surrounded by Gambella Zuria.

Gambela is important because bridges over both the Openo and the Jajjaba are located in that city. The town also boasts an airport (ICAO code HAGM, IATA GMB) and is near the Gambella National Park.
Heinz Schlaffer
Heinz Schlaffer (21 June 1939 – 31 October 2023) was a German Germanist and Professor of Literary Science of the University of Stuttgart. He was best known for essays like "Die kurze Geschichte der deutschen Literatur" (The Short History of German Literature).

German studies
German studies is an academic field that researches, documents and disseminates German language, literature, and culture in its historic and present forms. Academic departments of German studies therefore often focus on German culture, German history, and German politics in addition to the language and literature component. Approaches to the discipline vary by country. Modern German studies is usually seen as a combination of two sub-disciplines: German linguistics alongside Germanophone literature and cultural studies.

Common names for "German Studies" for the field within German-speaking countries are Germanistik, Deutsche Philologie, and Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft und Literaturwissenschaft. In English, the terms Germanistics or Germanics are sometimes used (mostly by Germans), but the subject is more often referred to as German studies, German language and literature, or German philology. Academics who specialize in German studies are referred to as Germanists.
Vicente Rubi
Vicente Daclan Rubi (January 23, 1903 – November 12, 1980) was a Filipino Visayan musician from Cebu, Philippines, best known for composing the Philippine Christmas carol Kasadyaa Ning Taknaa, which was translated into Tagalog, Ang Pasko ay Sumapit, by National Artist Levi Celerio. He was one of the top 100 Cebuano personalities according to The Freeman.

Napoleon Rama
Napoleon "Nap" Genson Rama, PLH (July 27, 1923 – January 10, 2016) was a Filipino lawyer, journalist, and writer in English and Spanish from Cebu, Philippines. He was the Vice President of the 1971 Constitutional Convention and the Floor Leader of the 1986 Constitutional Commission. In 2011, he was awarded the Philippine Legion of Honor, the country's highest recognition, with the rank of Grand Commander on the 25th anniversary of the EDSA 1 Revolution by President Benigno S. Aquino III.
Alfa Romeo Boxer engine
The Alfa Romeo Boxer engine is a water-cooled flat-4 piston engine, developed by Alfa Romeo for front-wheel drive, and longitudinal applications.
It debuted on the Alfasud, which was introduced in 1971 at the Turin Motor Show. In the following decades the Boxer went through several upgrades and powered many Alfa Romeo front-wheel drive cars up to 1996 (not the 164). In 1997 it was phased out and replaced by the transversely-mounted Twin Spark engines.

Longitudinal engine
In automotive engineering, a longitudinal engine is an internal combustion engine in which the crankshaft is oriented along the long axis of the vehicle, from front to back.

This is in contrast to a transverse engine, where the crankshaft runs from side to side. Although there are many variations of cylinder number and layout, all car engines are either longitudinal or transverse.
Transport in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Ground transport in the Democratic Republic of the Congo has always been problematic.  Despite other countries being able to conquer terrain and climate similar to that of the Congo Basin it is chronic economic mismanagement and internal conflict that has led to serious under-investment over many years.

On the other hand, the DRC has thousands of kilometres of navigable waterways. Historically water transport has been the dominant means of moving around a large part of the country.

Matadi
Matadi is the chief sea port of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the capital of the Kongo Central province, adjacent to the border with Angola.It had a population of 245,862 (2004). Matadi is situated on the left bank of the Congo River, 148 km (92 mi) from the mouth and 8 km (5.0 mi) below the last navigable point before the rapids that make the river impassable for a long stretch upriver.
Radical disproportionation
Radical disproportionation encompasses a group of reactions in organic chemistry in which two radicals react to form two different non-radical products. Radicals in chemistry are defined as reactive atoms or molecules that contain an unpaired electron or electrons in an open shell. The unpaired electrons can cause radicals to be unstable and reactive. Reactions in radical chemistry can generate both radical and non-radical products. Radical disproportionation reactions can occur with many radicals in solution and in the gas phase. Due to the reactive nature of radical molecules, disproportionation proceeds rapidly and requires little to no activation energy. The most thoroughly studied radical disproportionation reactions have been conducted with alkyl radicals, but there are many organic molecules that can exhibit more complex, multi-step disproportionation reactions.

Activation energy
In the Arrhenius model of reaction rates, activation energy is the minimum amount of energy that must be available to reactants for a chemical reaction to occur. The activation energy (Ea) of a reaction is measured in kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol) or kilocalories per mole (kcal/mol). Simplified:

Activation energy is the minimum energy barrier that reactant molecules must overcome to transform into products. A reaction occurs only if enough molecules have kinetic energy equal to or greater than this barrier, which usually requires sufficiently high temperature. The term "activation energy" was introduced in 1889 by the Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius.
Guinrou
Guinrou is a town in the Gnonkourakali arrondissement in the Borgou Department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Nikki. According to the population census in 2013, the village had a total population of 883.

Borgou Department
Borgou [bɔʁ.ɡu] is one of the twelve departments of Benin. Borgou borders the country of Nigeria and the departments of Alibori, Atakora, Collines and Donga. The capital of Borgou is Parakou. The department of Borgou was bifurcated in 1999, with its northern territory transferred to the newly created Alibori Department.

According to the 2013 census, the total population of the department was 1,214,249, with 607,013 males and 607,236 females. The proportion of women was 50.00%. The total rural population was 56.40%, while the urban population was 43.60%. The total labour force in the department was 271,652, of which 25.20% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 64.30%.
Nipawin (provincial electoral district)
Nipawin was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. This district was created before the 9th Saskatchewan general election in 1938 as "Torch River", after the rural municipality and the river that flows through it. Redrawn and renamed "Nipawin" in 1952, the constituency was dissolved before the 23rd Saskatchewan general election in 1995.

It is now part of the constituencies of Carrot River Valley and Saskatchewan Rivers.

Saskatchewan Rivers
Saskatchewan Rivers is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. This constituency is located where the North Saskatchewan River and the South Saskatchewan River merge. Communities in the riding include the towns of Big River and Choiceland; and the villages of White Fox, Debden, Meath Park, Candle Lake, Smeaton, and Christopher Lake.
Chris Parkinson (poet)
Chris Parkinson is a writer, poet and prankster from Brighton, UK. He has been writing and performing poetry since 2004. In 2007 he was co-founder of the world's first Poetry Brothel, an interactive poetry event which won several awards and inspired subsequent poetry brothels in New York, Leicester, Barcelona and Chicago. He has released three collections of poetry.

In 2013 he placed an advert on the website Gumtree about a man wanting a lodger to dress up as a walrus which went on to inspire the  Kevin Smith film Tusk, and was flown out to America to become associate producer on the film. He also reported a vortex to another dimension appearing on a residential street in Brighton which featured on Have I Got News For You.

His 2014 Brighton Fringe event "Moonshine" won Best Literature in the Brighton Fringe Awards.

Gumtree
Gumtree.com, also known as Gumtree, is a British-based online classified advertisement and community website based at Hotham House, in Richmond, London. Classified ads are either free or paid for depending on the product category and the geographical market. As of November 2010, it was the UK's largest website for local community classifieds and was one of the top 30 websites in the UK, receiving 14.8 million monthly unique visitors according to a traffic audit in 2010.
Curaçao is the Best
Curaçao is the Best (Dutch: Curaçao is de Beste, Papiamento: Kòrsou Esun Miho), abbreviated as KEM, is a political party in Curaçao. The party was founded at the end of 2019 and takes a social democratic stance. The party campaigns on cooperation with the Netherlands, job growth and increasing the minimum wage.

The party took part in the 2021 elections with Michelangelo Martines as party leader and former FOL politician Anthony Godett as the party's secondary choice. There were also many other former FOL candidates who had support of the party.

When the party won a seat during the election, it refused to join in a coalition with the Real Alternative Party.

Papiamento
Papiamento (English:  /ˌpæpiəˈmɛntoʊ, ˌpɑː-/) or Papiamentu (English: /-tuː/; Dutch: Papiaments [ˌpaːpijaːˈmɛnts]) is a Portuguese-based creole language spoken in the Dutch Caribbean. It is the most widely spoken language on Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao (ABC islands).

The language, spelled Papiamento in Aruba and Papiamentu in Bonaire and Curaçao, is largely based on Portuguese as spoken in the 15th and 16th centuries, and has been influenced considerably by Dutch and Spanish. Due to lexical similarities between Portuguese and Spanish, it is difficult to pinpoint the exact origin of some words. Though there are different theories about its origins, most linguists now believe that Papiamento emerged from the Portuguese-based creole languages of the West African coasts, as it has many similarities with Cape Verdean Creole and Guinea-Bissau Creole.
The Mad Lover
The Mad Lover is a Jacobean stage play, a tragicomedy by John Fletcher. It was initially published in the first Beaumont and Fletcher folio of 1647. Fletcher's sole authorship was specified during the 17th century by his friend Sir Aston Cockayne. It displays Fletcher's distinctive pattern of stylistic and textual preferences throughout the text, so that his authorship is not questioned.

Tragicomedy
Tragicomedy is a literary genre that blends aspects of both tragic and comic forms. Most often seen in dramatic literature, the term can describe either a tragic play which contains enough comic elements to lighten the overall mood or a serious play with a happy ending. Tragicomedy, as its name implies, invokes the intended response of both the tragedy and the comedy in the audience, the former being a genre based on human suffering that invokes an accompanying catharsis and the latter being a genre intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter.
Children & Young People Now
Children & Young People Now is a magazine and website resource covering policy issues and best practice for all professionals working to improve the life chances of children, young people and families in the United Kingdom.

Launched in 2007, Children & Young People Now is the result of the merging of Children Now, which was produced in association with the National Children's Bureau, and sister magazine Young People Now.

The title also runs a number of conferences as well as the annual Children & Young People Now Awards, which recognise and reward individuals and teams across 23 categories.

The editor of Children & Young People Now is Derren Hayes.

The magazine and associated websites were acquired in October 2011 by the Mark Allen Group from the previous owner Haymarket Media Business.

National Children's Bureau
The National Children’s Bureau works collaboratively across the issues affecting children to influence policy and get services working together to deliver a better childhood.
Established in 1963, they have been at the forefront of campaigning for children and young people’s rights for over 60 years.
They have offices in Hackney and Lambeth, London and Northern Ireland. They employ over 120 people.
NCB also hosts the Anti-Bullying Alliance, Childhood Bereavement Network, Council for Disabled Children, Sex Education Forum, and LEAP.
Brooklin Merchants
The Brooklin Merchants is a box lacrosse team from Brooklin, Ontario. The Merchants play in the Ontario Series Lacrosse (OSL) league (formerly known as Senior "B"). The OSL is the counterpart of the Quebec Senior Lacrosse League, Rocky Mountain Lacrosse League,West Coast Senior Lacrosse Association & Three Nations Senior Lacrosse League

Ontario Series Lacrosse
Ontario Series Lacrosse, known as the OLA Senior B Lacrosse League from 1999-2019, is a Senior box lacrosse league based out of Ontario, Canada sanctioned by the Ontario Lacrosse Association. Many of the players in the league play or have played in the National Lacrosse League. OSL winners earn a chance at the national championship—the Presidents Cup.