hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Estonian Association of Information Technology and Telecommunications
Estonian Association of Information Technology and Telecommunications (Estonian: Eesti Infotehnoloogia ja Telekommunikatsiooni Liit, abbreviated ITL) is an Estonian organisation which unites technology and telecommunications companies and organisations in Estonia, enhances their co-operation. Co-operation provides Estonia development towards information society.

ITL is a member of DigitalEurope, Estonian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Estonian Employers' Confederation and Estonian Taxpayers Association.

ITL predecessor was Estonian Computer Association (AFA), which was founded in 1992. On 23 March 2000, AFA joined with Association of Telecommunication Companies (TEL). After merging of AFA and TEL, the ITL was established.

DigitalEurope
DigitalEurope (stylized as DIGITALEUROPE) is a European trade association located in Brussels, Belgium, that represents the information technology industry.

Members include 120 technology companies and 41 national trade associations. It seeks to ensure industry participation in the development and implementation of EU policies" and has several working groups that focus on different aspects of policy—environment, trade, technical and regulatory and the digital economy.
Palau de Gel
Palau de Gel is an arena in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, belonging to FC Barcelona. The 1,256 seating capacity arena is home to the ice hockey division of FC Barcelona. It is located between Mini Estadi and the Camp Nou, few meters north of the Palau Blaugrana.

The building occupies 3,650 square metres (39,300 sq ft) and the playing area is 61 metres (200 ft) long by 26 metres (85 ft) wide.

Mini Estadi
Miniestadi (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈmini əsˈtaði], meaning in English "Mini Stadium"), was a football stadium in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The 15,276-seat stadium was situated across from Camp Nou, the home stadium of Barcelona. The stadium was home to Barcelona B, FCB's reserve team, as well as their women's team and Juvenil A. The stadium was replaced by the newly built Estadi Johan Cruyff, which was completed on 27 August 2019.
Anti-social Media Bill (Nigeria)
Anti-social Media Bill was introduced by the Senate of the Federal Republic of Nigeria on 5 November 2019 to criminalise the use of the social media in peddling false or malicious information. The original title of the bill is Protection from Internet Falsehood and Manipulations Bill 2019. It was sponsored by Senator Mohammed Sani Musa from the largely conservative northern Nigeria. After the bill passed second reading on the floor of the Nigeria Senate and its details were made public, information emerged on the social media accusing the sponsor of the bill of plagiarising a similar law in Singapore which is at the bottom of global ranking in the freedom of speech and of the press. But the senator denied that he plagiarised Singaporean law.

Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act 2019
The Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act 2019, commonly abbreviated as POFMA, is a statute of the Parliament of Singapore that enables authorities to tackle the spread of fake news or false information.

The law is designed specifically to allow authorities to respond to fake news or false information through a graduated process of enforcing links to fact-checking statements, censorship of website or assets on social media platforms, and criminal charges. While the law has existed in similar capacities in various other countries, it received criticism by some opposition politicians, human rights groups, journalists and academics.
Church crown
A church crown, also known as a church hat, is a decorative hat worn by women in the Southern United States as a headcovering during Christian church services in accordance with 1 Corinthians 11:2–13. Though church crowns were common among all American women until the mid-20th century, they continue to be worn in certain denominations that teach the historic practice of Christian headcovering, such as the Free Presbyterian Church and Plymouth Brethren, as well as in the black church. The practice of women wearing a headcovering, found in the Bible, "has been adapted and expanded to become a stylish part of Southern women’s churchgoing attire."

Church crowns are typically a straw hat or fascinator covered with adornments that may include sequins, feathers, lace, tulle, or ribbons. The hats may vary widely in their structure, color, and complexity.

Free Presbyterian Church of North America
The Free Presbyterian Church of North America (FPCNA) is a Presbyterian denomination in the United States and Canada with mission works in Liberia, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, and Kenya. Originally consisting of North American congregations under the auspices of the fundamentalist Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster, the North American group became a separate denomination in May 2005.
Courts of Massachusetts
Courts of Massachusetts include:

State courts of Massachusetts

Judicial courts

Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
Massachusetts Appeals Court
Massachusetts Trial Court
Massachusetts Superior Court (14 divisions)
Massachusetts District Court
Massachusetts Boston Municipal Court
Massachusetts Land Court
Massachusetts Housing Court
Massachusetts Juvenile Court
Massachusetts Probate and Family Court

Administrative courts

Massachusetts Appellate Tax Board

Massachusetts Division of Labor Relations

Federal courts located in Massachusetts

United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (headquartered in Boston, having jurisdiction over the United States District Courts of Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Puerto Rico)

United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts

Massachusetts Housing Court
The Massachusetts Housing Court (also known as the Housing Court Department of the Trial Court) is a trial court in Massachusetts that hears eviction cases, small claims cases, and civil actions involving personal injury, property damage, breach of contract, discrimination, and other claims. The Housing Court also hears code enforcement actions and appeals of local zoning board decisions that affect residential housing. The Housing court is led by Chief Justice Diana H. Horan and Deputy Court Administrator Benjamin O. Adeyinka. The Housing Court has 15 judges and covers all fourteen counties of the Commonwealth. The Housing Court has 6 divisions: Central, Eastern, Metro South, Northeast, Southeast, and Western.

In civil matters, Housing Court judges conduct both jury and jury-waived trials, and determine with finality any matter within the court's subject matter jurisdiction. Cases from the housing court may be appealed to the Massachusetts Appeals Court.
Data Economy
Data Economy is an international technology business news and opinion website, magazine and broadcaster founded in 2016. The media outlet is headquartered in London, UK and focuses on the business strategy and finance and investment within the IT infrastructure space, mainly data centres.

Broadmedia Communications, trading as BroadGroup and established in 2002, and a member company of FTSE 250 firm Euromoney Institutional Investor PLC (LSE: ERM), is registered as Data Economy's publisher. The title is also a member of the Professional Publishers Association (PPA).

Business journalism
Business journalism is the part of journalism that tracks, records, analyzes, and interprets the business, economic and financial activities and changes that take place in societies. Topics widely cover the entire purview of all commercial activities related to the economy.

This area of journalism provides news and feature articles about people, places, and issues related to the business sector. Newspapers, magazines, radio, and television-news shows can include a business segment. Detailed and in-depth business journalism may appear in publications, radio, and television channels dedicated specifically to business and financial journalism.
Bauhinia monandra
Bauhinia monandra is a species of leguminous trees, of the family Fabaceae. Common names include pink bauhinia, orchid tree, and Napoleon's plume. The tree is native to Madagascar, where it is widespread in lowland humid forests and dry forests. It has naturalised in Myanmar, Australia, Christmas Island, the Caribbean, southern USA, Colombia, Brazil, and the Pacific Islands. The species is invasive in New Caledonia.

Madagascar dry deciduous forests
The Madagascar dry deciduous forests represent a tropical dry forest ecoregion situated in the western and northern part of Madagascar. The area has high numbers of endemic plant and animal species but has suffered large-scale clearance for agriculture. They are among the world's richest and most distinctive dry forests and included in the Global 200 ecoregions by the World Wide Fund. The area is also home to distinctive limestone karst formations known as tsingy, including the World Heritage Site of Bemaraha.
Simonsberg
Simonsberg (English: Simon's Mountain) is part of the Cape Fold Belt in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It is located between the towns of Stellenbosch, Paarl and Franschhoek, forming a prominent 1390 m high mountain, as it is detached from the other ranges in the winelands region. A hiking trail leads to the summit, as well as to one of the other peaks. The trail is accessible from a neighbouring wine farm.

Simonsberg is named after Simon van der Stel, first governor of the Cape and founder and namesake of Stellenbosch and Simon's Town. The mountain has 7 caves as part of a mining project for silver.

Simon's Town
Simon's Town (Afrikaans: Simonstad), sometimes spelled Simonstown, is a town in the Western Cape, South Africa and is home to Naval Base Simon's Town, the South African Navy's largest base. It is located on the shores of Simon's Bay in False Bay, on the eastern side of the Cape Peninsula. For more than two centuries, it has been a naval base and harbour (first for the British Royal Navy and now the South African Navy). The town is named after Simon van der Stel, an early governor of the Cape Colony.
Scott Palmer (American football)
Derrell Scott Palmer (born September 15, 1948) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive tackle for two seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Texas Longhorns.

Texas Longhorns football
The Texas Longhorns football program is the intercollegiate team representing the University of Texas at Austin (variously Texas or UT) in the sport of American football. The Longhorns compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Their home games are played at Darrell K Royal–Texas Memorial Stadium in Austin, Texas.

With over 950 wins, and an all-time win–loss percentage of .704, the Longhorns rank 5th and 7th on the all-time wins and win–loss records lists, respectively. Additionally, the program claims 4 national championships, 34 conference championships, 100 First Team All-Americans (63 consensus and 27 unanimous), and 2 Heisman Trophy winners.
Cohors I Hispanorum pia fidelis
Cohors [prima] Hispanorum [quingenaria peditata] pia fidelis ("[1st infantry 500 strong] cohort of Hispani, dutiful and loyal") was a Roman auxiliary infantry regiment. The cohort was stationed in Dacia at castra Largiana.

Hispania
Hispania was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula. Under the Roman Republic, it was divided into two provinces: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. During the Roman Empire, under the Principate, Hispania Ulterior was subdivided into Baetica and Lusitania, while Hispania Citerior was reorganized as Hispania Tarraconensis.

Beginning with Diocletian’s Tetrarchy (AD 293), the territory of Tarraconensis was further divided to create the provinces of Carthaginensis and Gallaecia (also called Callaecia, the origin of the name of modern Galicia). All the Hispanic provinces on the mainland, together with the Balearic Islands and the North African province of Mauretania Tingitana, were later organized into the Diocesis Hispaniarum, governed by a vicarius.

The name Hispania was also used in the period of Visigothic rule. The modern place names of Spain and Hispaniola are both derived from Hispania.
Göppingen Gö 4
The Göppingen Gö 4 or Goevier is a German sailplane of the late 1930s used for training pilots. Its most notable features include side-by-side seating and dual controls, making the plane ideal for use as a trainer. It boasted average performance, compared to other gliders of the day, and was advertised as making the process of learning to fly sailplanes easier.

Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined, so they can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude.

In North America, the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common.
The Wilton Arms
The Wilton Arms is a Grade II listed public house located in Kinnerton Street, Belgravia, London and built in 1825–26.

The lease was held by Shepherd Neame, and the pub closed in July 2019. It is now leased by Inda Pubs, and reopened in September 2021.

Shepherd Neame Brewery
Shepherd Neame is an English independent brewery which has been based in the market town of Faversham, Kent, for over 300 years. While 1698 is the brewery's official established date, town records show that commercial brewing has occurred on the site since 1573. Since the brewery's formation in the 16th century, ownership has passed in unbroken succession through five families. The brewery produces a range of cask ales and filtered beers. Production is around 180,000 brewers' barrels a year (180,000 imp bbl (29,000,000 L; 6,500,000 imp gal; 7,800,000 US gal)). It has 286 pubs and hotels in South East England, predominantly in Kent and London. The company exports to 44 countries, including India, Sweden, Italy, Brazil, and Canada.
The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright
The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright is a UNESCO World Heritage Site consisting of eight buildings across the United States designed by the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright (1867–1959). These sites demonstrate his philosophy of organic architecture, designing structures that were in harmony with humanity and its environment. Wright's work had an international influence on the development of architecture in the 20th century.

Organic architecture
Organic architecture is a philosophy of architecture which promotes harmony between human habitation and the natural world. This is achieved through design approaches that aim to be sympathetic and well-integrated with a site, so buildings, furnishings, and surroundings become part of a unified, interrelated composition.
First Battle of Cobadin
The First Battle of Cobadin, also known as the First Battle of the Rasova–Cobadin–Tuzla Line, was fought from 17 to 19 of September 1916 between the Bulgarian Third Army and the Romanian–Russian Army of the Dobruja. The battle ended in Entente tactical victory and forced the Central Powers to hold their offensive and assume a defensive stance till the middle of October.

The right flank of the Allied forces was supported by the Romanian Navy's Danube Flotilla, consisting mainly of four Brătianu-class river monitors. These warships blocked with mines the river sectors of Silistra, Ostrov, and Gura Borcea, protected the 8 September evacuation of Silistra, attacked enemy land convoys, and destroyed enemy batteries.

Silistra
Silistra (Bulgarian: Силистра [siˈlistrɐ]; Turkish: Silistre; Romanian: Silistra or Dârstor) is a town in Northeastern Bulgaria. The town lies on the southern bank of the lower Danube river, and is also the part of the Romanian border where it stops following the Danube. Silistra is the administrative center of the Silistra Province and one of the important towns of the historical region of Dobruja.

Silistra is a major cultural, industrial, transportation, and educational center of Northeastern Bulgaria. There are many historical landmarks including a richly-decorated Late Roman tomb, remains of the medieval fortress, an Ottoman fort, and an art gallery.
Charles Cunningham (politician)
Charles Cunningham is an American politician who serves in the Texas House of Representatives where he represents Texas's 127th House of Representatives district, which contains parts of Harris County. He is a member of the Republican party.

Cunningham served in the United States Army and graduated from Our Lady of the Lake University. Prior to his 2022 election to the Texas legislature, Cunningham was a member of the Humble Independent School District board for twelve years, was a member of the Humble, Texas city council for four years, and worked for CenterPoint Energy.

Cunningham supported Texas Senate Bill 8, the state's anti-abortion legislation. In the acrimonious Republican caucus internal election in December 2024, Cunningham supported Representative David Cook for speaker of the House; Cook ultimately lost to Dustin Burrows.

Speaker of the Texas House of Representatives
The speaker of the Texas House of Representatives is the presiding officer of the Texas House of Representatives. The Speaker's main duties are to conduct meetings of the House, appoint committees, and enforce the Rules of the House. The current speaker of the house is Dustin Burrows, a Republican from Lubbock. He was elected Speaker on January 14, 2025.
Hek, Yazd
Hek (Persian: هك; also known as Haik, Hech, and Hīk) is a village in Mehrabad Rural District, Bahman District, Abarkuh County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 145, in 43 families.

Yazd province
Yazd province (Persian: استان یزد) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran and is in the center of the country. Its capital is the city of Yazd. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5. The province has an area of 76,469 km2.
Batman Park
Batman Park is an urban park, located on the northern bank of the Yarra River in central Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Batman Park is a small open grassed space with paths and planted Eucalyptus trees bordered by Spencer Street at the west, Flinders Street Viaduct at the north and King Street to the east.

The park was established in 1982 through the conversion of a disused freight train rail yard and was named after one of the founders of Melbourne, John Batman with historical associations as a landing place of the Schooner Rebecca and nearby settlement at Batman's Hill.

In 1997 Batman Park was effectively split in half with the section east of King Street rebranded as Enterprize Park.  Much of the land on the new park was reclaimed to recreate a historical 1850s turning basin and timber wharf with sculptures by Bruce Armstrong and Geoffrey Bartlett recalling the site's maritime history.  Enterprize park also became the site of the Melbourne Aquarium.

Turning basin
A turning basin, winding basin or swinging basin is a wider body of water, either located at the end of a ship canal or in a port to allow cargo ships to turn and reverse their direction of travel, or to enable long narrow barges in a canal to turn a sharp corner.

For a complete 180-degree turnaround, the width of the basin must be more than the length of the longest vessel normally traversing the waterway. Onboard bow thrusters or tugboats may assist in manoeuvering the ship.

In seaports the turning basin is often not a real physical basin, but a designated area in the harbour basin where turning is possible and mooring is prohibited. In the example from Gdynia the plan is to enlarge the existing turning basin by removing a part of an existing quay (shown in red in the image).
Laver (surname)
Laver is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arnold Laver, British timber merchant

Arthur Laver (1880–1965), South African cricket umpire

Augustus Laver (1834–1898), Canadian architect

Basil Laver (1894–1934), British surgeon

Frank Laver (1869–1919), Australian cricketer and baseball player

Jack Laver (1917–2017), Australian cricketer

James Laver (1899–1975), English fashion historian, writer, and curator

John Laver (1938–2020), British phonetician

Les Laver (1900–1982), Australian rules footballer

Richard Laver (1942–2012), American mathematician known for his work in set theory

Rod Laver (born 1938), Australian tennis player

Rudolph Laver (1872–1946), German-Australian electrical engineer

James Laver
James Laver, CBE, FRSA (14 March 1899 – 3 June 1975) was an English author, critic, art historian, and museum curator who acted as Keeper of Prints, Drawings and Paintings for the Victoria and Albert Museum between 1938 and 1959. He was also an important and pioneering fashion historian described as "the man in England who made the study of costume respectable".
Sviták
Sviták (feminine: Svitáková) is a Czech surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adora Svitak (born 1997), American writer

Ivan Sviták (1925–1994), Czech philosopher, critic, and poet

Jakub Sviták (born 1991), Czech handball player

Jan Sviták (1898–1945), Czech actor and film director

Martin Sviták (born 1980), Czech footballer

Steve Svitak (born 1945), Canadian football player

Jan Sviták
Jan Sviták (23 December 1898 – 11 May 1945) was a Czech actor and film director. He was an important exponent of Czechoslovak film in the interwar period and during World War II. Sviták was murdered shortly after the liberation of Prague in 1945.
TV Setouchi
TV Setouchi Broadcasting Co., Ltd. (テレビせとうち株式会社, Terebi Setouchi Kabushikigaisha) (TSC), callsign JOPH-DTV (channel 7) is a Japanese television station based in Okayama, serving as the affiliate of the TX Network for the Okayama and Kagawa prefectures.

Okayama
Okayama (岡山市, Okayama-shi; Japanese: [okaꜜjama]) is the capital city of Okayama Prefecture in the Chūgoku region of Japan. The Okayama metropolitan area, centered around the city, has the largest urban employment zone in the Chugoku region of western Japan. The city was founded on June 1, 1889. As of February 2023, the city has an estimated population of 700,940 and a population density of 890 people per km2. The total area is 789.95 square kilometres (305.00 square miles).

The city is the site of Kōraku-en, known as one of the top three traditional gardens in Japan, and Okayama Castle, which is ranked among the best 100 Japanese castles. The city is famous as the setting of the Japanese fable Momotarō. Okayama joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2016.