hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qaleh-ye Heydar, Bushehr
Qaleh-ye Heydar (Persian: قلعه حيدر, also Romanized as Qal‘eh-ye Ḩeydar; also known as Derow, Ghal‘eh Gha‘ed Heidar, Qā’ed Ḩeydarī, Qal‘eh-e-Ḩājī Heydar, Qal‘eh Qāid Haidar, Qal‘eh-ye Ḩājjī Ḩeydar, and Qal‘eh-ye Qāyed Ḩeydar) is a village in Hayat Davud Rural District, in the Central District of Ganaveh County, Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 287, in 70 families.

Bushehr province
Bushehr Province (Persian: استان بوشهر) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the south of the country, with a long coastline on the Persian Gulf. Its capital is the city of Bushehr.

The province was made a part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into five regions, solely for coordination and development purposes, on 22 June 2014.
Sharga
Sharga can refer to the following places in Mongolia:

Sharga sum, a sum of Govi-Altai aimag;

Sharga, official name of the Tsagaan-Uul sum center (in Khövsgöl);

Sharga Nature Reserve, a reserve in the western part of Mongolia.

Sharga Nature Reserve
Sharga Nature Reserve (Mongolian: Шарга) is a reserve in Sharga, Govi-Altai Province, Mongolia. It has a total area of 2.860 km2. The reserve has been created in 1993 together with Mankhan Nature Reserve to protect the endangered Mongolian saiga.

46°00′00″N 94°30′00″E﻿ / ﻿46.000000°N 94.500000°E﻿ / 46.000000; 94.500000
Odin (name)
Odin is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

Surname

Cécile Odin (born 1965), French cyclist

Jaishree Odin (born 1952), academic at the University of Hawaii

Jean Odin (1889–1975), French politician

Jean-Marie Odin (1807–1870), French Roman Catholic missionary, first Bishop of Galveston, and second Archbishop of New Orleans

Louise Odin (1836–1909), Swiss linguist, dialect researcher and author

Given name

Odin Bailey, English footballer

Odin Biron, American actor

Odin Bjørtuft, Norwegian footballer

Odin Hansen, Norwegian fisherman and politician

Odin Langen (1913–1976), American politician and U.S. Representative from Minnesota

Odin Lloyd, American football player and murder victim

Odín Patiño, Mexican footballer

Odin Thiago Holm, Norwegian footballer

Cécile Odin
Cécile Odin (born 4 October 1965) is a French international cyclist active from 1983 to 1996. Odin raced in two Olympic Games, Los Angeles 1984 and Seoul 1988, finishing 11th & 28th in the Women's Road Race. She made 3rd place overall in the Women's Tour de France (Grande Boucle) in 1985 and 1994, winning stage 6 in 1994. She won a World Championship in 1991 as part of the French Women's Team Time Trial Team.
Nipawin (provincial electoral district)
Nipawin was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. This district was created before the 9th Saskatchewan general election in 1938 as "Torch River", after the rural municipality and the river that flows through it. Redrawn and renamed "Nipawin" in 1952, the constituency was dissolved before the 23rd Saskatchewan general election in 1995.

It is now part of the constituencies of Carrot River Valley and Saskatchewan Rivers.

Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan
The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan (French: Assemblée législative de la Saskatchewan) is the legislative chamber of the Saskatchewan Legislature in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Saskatchewan, in the name of the King of Canada. The assembly meets at the Saskatchewan Legislative Building in Regina.

There are 61 constituencies in the province, which elect members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). All are single-member districts, though the cities of Regina, Saskatoon and Moose Jaw were in the past represented through multi-member districts, with members elected through block voting.

The legislature has been unicameral since its establishment; there has never been a provincial upper house.

The 30th Saskatchewan Legislature was elected at the 2024 Saskatchewan general election.
Nellie L. Byrd (skipjack)
The  Nellie L. Byrd  is a Chesapeake Bay skipjack, built in 1911 at Oriole, Maryland. She is a 53.6' long two-sail bateau, or "V"-bottomed deadrise type of centerboard sloop. She has a beam of 26.7', a depth of 4.8', and a net tonnage of 18 tons. She is one of the 35 surviving traditional Chesapeake Bay skipjacks and a member of the last commercial sailing fleet in the United States. When listed, she was located at Tilghman, Talbot County, Maryland. Since 2005, she is located at Middle River, Maryland, Baltimore County, Maryland.

She was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985  and received a Save America's Treasures grant in 2006. She is assigned Maryland dredge number 28.

Baltimore County, Maryland
Baltimore County is the third-most populous county in the U.S. state of Maryland. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Baltimore County partly surrounds but does not include the independent city of Baltimore. It is part of the Northeast megalopolis, which stretches from Northern Virginia in the south to Boston in the north and includes major American population centers, including New York City and Philadelphia. Major economic sectors in the county include education, government, and health care. As of the 2020 census, the population was 854,535. The county is home to several universities, including Goucher College, Stevenson University, Towson University, and University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
Kaarle
Kaarle is a Finnish masculine given name that is a form of Charles. Notable people with this name include the following:

Kaarle Knuutila (1868 - 1949), Finnish politician

Kaarle Krohn (1863 – 1933), Finnish folklorist

Kaarle Leivonen (1886 – 1978), Finnish wrestler

Kaarle McCulloch (born 1988), Australian track cyclist

Kaarle Nordenstreng (born 1941), Finnish sociologist

Kaarle Ojanen (chess player) (1918 – 2009), Finnish chess player

Kaarle Pekkala (1919 – 2000), Finnish sports shooter

Kaarle Tapper (born 1995), Finnish competitive sailor

Kaarle Väinö Voionmaa full name of Väinö Voionmaa (1869 – 1947), Finnish diplomat, politician, minister and chancellor

Kaarle Tapper
Kaarle Tapper (born 19 September 1995) is a Finnish competitive sailor. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, in the men's Laser class.

He has qualified to represent Finland at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Lester Apartments
The Lester Apartments was a building on the west side of Beacon Hill, Seattle, Washington, United States. It was constructed in 1910–1911, originally intended to be the world's largest brothel. After scandal (and women's suffrage) forced Seattle mayor Hiram Gill from office, the building was converted to be an ordinary apartment house. It met a disastrous end when a B-50 Superfortress crashed into it in 1951, causing a fire that engulfed the building.

Beacon Hill, Seattle
Beacon Hill is a hill and neighborhood in southeastern Seattle, Washington. It is roughly bounded on the west by Interstate 5, on the north by Interstate 90, on the east by Rainier Avenue South, Cheasty Boulevard South, and Martin Luther King Junior Way South, and on the south by the Seattle city boundary. It is part of Seattle's South End.

The neighborhood has a major population of Asian Americans and African Americans and is among the most racially diverse in Seattle. It was formerly home to the world headquarters of Amazon (at the Pacific Tower) and present home to the Seattle Division of the Department of Veterans Affairs' Puget Sound Health Care System.
Juan Mezzich
Juan E. Mezzich (born  1945) was the president of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) from 2005 to 2008.
He currently works as the Professor of Psychiatry and Director at the Division of Psychiatric Epidemiology and International Center for Mental Health at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York University.

During his life he was awarded the Simón Bolivar Award of the American Psychiatric Association, Doctor Honoris Causal at Athens University (Greece), Cordoba University (Argentina), and University of Cluj-Napoca (Romania).
He also received an Honorary Professorship at Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University and the University of Belgrade.

Mezzich is author/coauthor of over 200 scientific journal articles and book chapters and wrote more than 20 books and monographs and is the Editor/coeditor of Psychopathology, Basel, and Psiquiatría y Salud Integral, New York. He is also an editorial board member of 12 other psychiatric journals in the Americas and Europe.

Psychopathology
Psychopathology is the study of mental illness. It includes the signs and symptoms of all mental disorders. The field includes abnormal cognition, maladaptive behavior, and experiences which differ according to social norms. This discipline is an in-depth look into symptoms, behaviors, causes, course, development, categorization, treatments, strategies, and more.

Biological psychopathology is the study of the biological etiology of abnormal cognitions, behaviour and experiences. Child psychopathology is a specialization applied to children and adolescents.
Goodbye Mother
Goodbye Mother (Vietnamese: Thưa mẹ con đi) is a Vietnamese socio-psychological film that explores the theme of LGBT issues. It marks the directorial debut of Trịnh Đình Lê Minh. The film was released in 2019 and features the main cast of Lãnh Thanh and Gia Huy. The movie depicts the situation that a Vietnamese young man faces when he and his same-sex partner visit his family in the rural areas of Vietnam after several years of living in the United States.

The film has received numerous positive reviews and has been released and screened at various international film festivals.

Cinema of Vietnam
The cinema of Vietnam originates in the 1920s and was largely influenced by wars that have been fought in the country from the 1940s to the 1970s.

Some proclaimed Vietnamese language-films include Cyclo, The Scent of Green Papaya and Vertical Ray of the Sun, all by Tran Anh Hung, challenged the war-torn depiction of Vietnam at the time. In more recent years, as Vietnam's film industry has modernized and moved beyond government-backed propaganda films, contemporary Vietnamese filmmakers have gained a wider audience with films such as Buffalo Boy, Bar Girls and The White Silk Dress.

More recent notable works include Vietnamese-language drama film, Inside the Yellow Cocoon Shell, by Phạm Thiên Ân, which won the Caméra d'Or in 2023 for best first feature film at the 76th Cannes Film Festival (2023). In the same event, the French film, The Taste of Things by Trần Anh Hùng won Best Director at the 2023 Cannes Film Festival.
2012–13 National League 1
The 2012–13 National League 1 was the fourth season of the third tier of the English domestic rugby union competitions since the professionalised format of the second division was introduced.  New teams to the division included Esher who were relegated from the 2011–12 RFU Championship, Loughborough Students who were promoted as champions from the 2011–12 National League 2 North along with Old Albanian (champions) and Richmond (playoffs) who came up from the 2011–12 National League 2 South.

Ealing Trailfinders finished in first place and, as champions, were promoted to the 2013–14 RFU Championship for next season. Macclesfield, Sedgley Park and Cambridge were relegated to the fourth tier, the first two named, to the 2013–14 National League 2 North and Cambridge to the 2013–14 National League 2 South.

Macclesfield R.U.F.C.
Macclesfield RUFC is a rugby union team based in the Cheshire town of Macclesfield and operates a women's side, three senior men's sides, senior and junior colts and ten mini/junior teams. The first XV men's currently play in the fourth tier of the English rugby union system, National League 2 North, following a level transfer from National League 2 West at the end of the 2024–25 season. The second men's XV plays in the Cotton Traders Premier League and the third XV play in NOWIRUL division 3.
Acetolactone
In organic chemistry, α‑lactone refers to a functional group, the smallest possible lactone.  It is a family of unstable, three-membered heterocycles, containing an epoxide ring fused with a carbonyl group.

The parent, acetolactone (α-acetolactone), is an organic compound with formula C2H2O2, and has not been isolated in bulk. The compound was first described in 1997 as a transient species in mass spectrometry experiments.

Generally, α‑lactones are produced by the cryogenic, photochemical decarboxylation of peroxymalonic anhydrides.  Even at 77 K, the products rapidly polymerize or decarbonylate to ketones or aldehydes.

An exception is bis(trifluoromethyl)acetolactone ((CF3)2C2O2), stabilized by its two trifluoromethyl groups.  That compound has a half-life of 8 hours at 25 °C.

Α-Thiolactones can be produced via oxygen transfer from a nitrone to a thioketene.

Decarboxylation
Decarboxylation is a chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group and releases carbon dioxide (CO2). Usually, decarboxylation refers to a reaction of carboxylic acids, removing a carbon atom from a carbon chain. The reverse process, which is  the first chemical step in photosynthesis, is called carboxylation, the addition of CO2 to a compound. Enzymes that catalyze decarboxylations are called decarboxylases or, the more formal term, carboxy-lyases (EC number 4.1.1).
Vem vill bli miljonär?
Vem vill bli miljonär? (English translation: Who wants to be a millionaire?) was a Swedish game show based on the original British format of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?. The show was hosted by Bengt Magnusson. The main goal of the game was to win 10 million kronor by answering 15 multiple-choice questions correctly. There were three lifelines - fifty fifty, phone a friend and ask the audience. Vem vill bli miljonär? was broadcast from 21 January 2000 until 13 June 2003. It was shown on the Swedish TV station TV4.

When a contestant got the fifth question correct, he left with at least 10,000 SEK. When a contestant got the tenth question correct, he left with at least 320,000 SEK. Since August 2005 a modified version called Postkodmiljonären has been broadcast, with more focus on the sponsoring lottery.

Multiple choice
Multiple choice, multiple choice question, or objective response is a form of an objective assessment in which respondents are asked to select only the correct answer from the choices offered as a list. The multiple choice format is most frequently used in educational testing, in market research, and in elections, when a person chooses between multiple candidates, parties, or policies.

Although E. L. Thorndike developed an early scientific approach to testing students, it was his assistant Benjamin D. Wood who developed the multiple-choice test. Multiple-choice testing increased in popularity in the mid-20th century when scanners and data-processing machines were developed to check the result. Christopher P. Sole created the first multiple-choice examinations for computers on a Sharp Mz 80 computer in 1982.
Hagoita
Hagoita (羽子板 ｢はごいた｣) are the wooden paddles used to hit shuttlecocks (羽子 pronounced hago ｢はご｣ or hane ｢はね｣), traditionally made of soapberry seeds and bird feathers, that are used to play the traditional Japanese pastime called hanetsuki during the New Year. The paddles are decorated with various images, sometimes executed in relief, of women in kimono, kabuki actors, and so on. Japanese people think playing hanetsuki is a way to drive away evil spirits because the movement of the hagoita is similar to the harau action (a Japanese expression meaning "to drive away"). Thus playing hanetsuki with hagoita is often used as a charm against evil.

Japanese New Year
The Japanese New Year (正月, Shōgatsu) is an annual festival that takes place in Japan. Since 1873, the official Japanese New Year has been celebrated according to the Gregorian calendar, on January 1 of each year, New Year's Day (元日, Ganjitsu). Prior to 1872, traditional events of the Japanese New Year were celebrated on the first day of the year on the modern Tenpō calendar, the last official lunisolar calendar.
NGC 317
NGC 317 is a pair of interacting galaxies, consisting of a lenticular galaxy NGC 317A (also designated as PGC 3442) and a spiral galaxy NGC 317B (also designated as PGC 3445), in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on October 1, 1885 by Lewis Swift.

Two supernovae have been observed in NGC 317B: SN 1999gl (type II, mag. 16.2), and SN 2014dj (type Ic, mag. 17).

Type Ib and Ic supernovae
Type Ib and Type Ic supernovae are categories of supernovae that are caused by the stellar core collapse of massive  stars. These stars have shed or been stripped of their outer envelope of hydrogen, and, when compared to the spectrum of Type Ia supernovae, they lack the absorption line of silicon. Compared to Type Ib, Type Ic supernovae are hypothesized to have lost more of their initial envelope, including most of their helium.
Air Defence Artillery School
Air Defence Artillery School is an artillery unit of the South African Army. It is located on the southern side of Kimberley near the airport in an area known as Diskobolos clustered with other military units.

Military organization
Military organization (AE) or military organisation (BE) is the structuring of the armed forces of a state so as to offer such military capability as a national defense policy may require. Formal military organization tends to use hierarchical forms (see Modern hierarchy for terminology and approximate troop strength per hierarchical unit).

In some countries, paramilitary forces are included in a nation's armed forces, though not considered military. Armed forces that are not a part of military or paramilitary organizations, such as insurgent forces, often emulate military organizations, or use these structures.
Kim Jin-woo (baseball)
Kim Jin-woo (Korean: 김진우; Hanja: 金珍友; born March 7, 1983, in Gwangju, South Korea) is a right-handed starting pitcher who played for the Kia Tigers from 2002 to 2007, then from 2011 to 2017. He also participated in the 2002 Asian Games for South Korea.

Baseball at the 2002 Asian Games
Baseball was one of the many sports which was held at the 2002 Asian Games in Busan, South Korea beginning on October 2, 2002. Five East and Southeast Asian nations participated in the tournament. The competition took place at Sajik Baseball Stadium.
Guido Giacomelli
Guido Giacomelli  (born 5 September 1980) is an Italian ski mountaineer.

Giacomelli was born in Sondalo. He started ski mountaineering in 1995 and competed first in the Pierra Menta race in 1998. He has been member of the national team since 2002. He has held the course record of the Mountain Attack race since 2006 and was member of the Patrouille des Glaciers record team of 2006. Giacomelli enjoys also alpine and cross-country skiing.

Ski mountaineering
Ski mountaineering (abbreviated to skimo) is a skiing discipline that involves climbing mountains either on skis or carrying them, depending on the steepness of the ascent, and then descending on skis. There are two major categories of equipment used: free-heel telemark skis and skis based on alpine skis, where the heel is free for ascents, but is fixed during descent. The discipline may be practiced recreationally or as a competitive sport.

Competitive ski mountaineering is typically a timed racing event that follows an established trail through challenging winter alpine terrain while passing through a series of checkpoints. Racers climb and descend under their own power using backcountry skiing equipment and techniques. More generally, ski mountaineering is an activity that variously combines ski touring, telemark, backcountry skiing, and mountaineering.

Ski mountaineering made its debut as an Olympic Games event in the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Scott Brady (lawyer)
Scott W. Brady is an American attorney who was the United States Attorney for the Western District of Pennsylvania from 2017 to 2021. Before becoming the U.S. Attorney, he was the head of litigation for Federated Investors.

White-collar crime
The term "white-collar crime" refers to financially motivated, nonviolent or non-directly violent crime committed by individuals,  businesses and government professionals. The crimes are believed to be committed by middle- or upper-class individuals for financial gains.  It was first defined by the sociologist Edwin Sutherland in 1939 as "a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of their occupation". Typical white-collar crimes could include wage theft, fraud, bribery, Ponzi schemes, insider trading, labor racketeering, embezzlement, cybercrime, copyright infringement, money laundering, identity theft, and forgery. White-collar crime overlaps with corporate crime.
Baked pasta
There is a variety of baked pasta dishes, also called by their Italian name, pasta al forno:

Lasagne in Italy
Vincisgrassi

Timballo in Italy

Macaroni casserole in northern Europe, imaqarrun in Malta

Macaroni schotel in Indonesia

Pastitsio, oven macaroni, or bechamel macaroni, in Greek, Cypriot, Egyptian, and Maltese cuisine

Baked ziti in Italian-American cuisine

Giouvetsi in Greek cuisine

Johnny Marzetti, a Midwestern American dish

Kugel, an Ashkenazi Jewish dish

Macaroni and cheese or macaroni cheese in American and British cuisine

Macaroni pie in various European and North American cuisines, with or without a crust

Lasagna
Lasagna, also known by the plural form lasagne, is a type of pasta made in wide, flat sheets. It originates in Italian cuisine, where it is served in a number of ways, including in broth (lasagne in brodo), but is best known for its use in a baked dish made by stacking layers of pasta, alternating with fillings such as ragù (ground meats and tomato sauce), béchamel sauce, vegetables, cheeses (which may include ricotta, mozzarella, and Parmesan), and seasonings and spices. Typically, cooked pasta is assembled with the other ingredients, topped with grated cheese, and then baked in an oven (al forno): regional variations of this dish are found across Italy.
Goat of the Spanish Legion
The Goat of the Spanish Legion (Spanish: Cabra de la Legión Española) is the traditional mascot of the Spanish Legion military corps. A representative of the species usually accompanies the legionaries in military parades. It is usually dressed in a ceremonial garment, either a cloak bearing a military emblem or, occasionally, a side cap or hat. The goat is usually formally given the name "Carlos V", although it is commonly nicknamed "Manoli" (a diminutive of "Manuela").

Although the goat was eventually popularized as the representative of the Spanish Legion, the force has had other animal mascots. First, it had monkeys originating from Ceuta, followed by Barbary apes from Gibraltar, Barbary sheep, bears, and even parrots trained to say profanities. Recent parades have also sometimes featured a ram, whose horns are occasionally painted gold.

Barbary sheep
The Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia), also known as aoudad (pronounced [ˈɑʊdæd]), is a species of caprine native to rocky mountains in North Africa and parts of West Africa. While this is the only species in genus Ammotragus, six subspecies have been described.  Although it is rare in its native North Africa, it has been introduced to North America, southern Europe, and elsewhere.  It is also known in Berber languages as waddan or arwi, and in former French territories as the mouflon.