hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vincent average
In applied statistics, Vincentization was described by Ratcliff (1979), and is named after biologist S. B. Vincent (1912), who used something very similar to it for constructing learning curves at the beginning of the 1900s. It basically consists of averaging  subjects' estimated or elicited quantile functions in order to define group quantiles from which  can be constructed.

To cast it in its greatest generality, let  represent arbitrary (empirical or theoretical) distribution functions and define their corresponding quantile functions by

The Vincent average of the 's is then computed as

where the non-negative numbers  have a sum of .

Cumulative distribution function
In probability theory and statistics, the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a real-valued random variable , or just distribution function of , evaluated at , is the probability that  will take a value less than or equal to .

Every probability distribution supported on the real numbers, discrete or "mixed" as well as continuous, is uniquely identified by a right-continuous monotone increasing function (a càdlàg function)  satisfying  and .

In the case of a scalar continuous distribution, it gives the area under the probability density function from negative infinity to . Cumulative distribution functions are also used to specify the distribution of multivariate random variables.
Shiv Kumar Beria
Shiv Kumar Beria is an Indian politician and former Minister of Textile and Silk Industry in Akhilesh Yadav's cabinet. He was member of 10th, 11th, 12th, 14th and 16th Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh representing Rasulabad constituency of Kanpur Dehat district. In January 2022, Beria, a close aide of Samajwadi Party patriarch Mulayam Singh Yadav, joined the Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP), India's ruling party since 2014.

16th Uttar Pradesh Assembly
The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh (a.k.a. Sixteenth Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh) was constituted on 15 March 2012 as a result of 2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election held between 8 Feb to 3 March 2012. The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly has total of 404 MLAs (including one nominated Anglo-Indian member) against a total strength of 404 members.
Bishop of Warrington
The Bishop of Warrington is an episcopal title used by a suffragan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Liverpool, in the Province of York, England. The title takes its name after the town of Warrington in Cheshire; the most recent bishop's official residence was in Eccleston Park, St Helens.

Eccleston, St Helens
Eccleston is a civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens, Merseyside, England. At the 2011 census, it had a population of 10,433.

Within the boundaries of the historic county of Lancashire, the early history of Eccleston is marked by its status as a township, an area much larger than the modern civil parish, extending into what is now St. Helens. Part of the township was united with Parr, Sutton and part of Windle to form the Municipal Borough of St Helens in 1868.

Eccleston is one of seven civil parishes in the Borough of St Helens and one of the largest, covering the neighbourhoods of Eccleston Park, Gillars Green, Eccleston Mere, Eccleston village and an area around the A580 East Lancashire Road.
Maryland Route 332
Maryland Route 332 (MD 332) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. Known for most of its length as Central Avenue, the highway runs 1.07 miles (1.72 km) from Southern Avenue at the District of Columbia boundary in Capitol Heights east to MD 214 in Seat Pleasant. MD 332 is the old alignment of MD 214 through Capitol Heights. The highway was constructed in the mid-1910s and bypassed when East Capitol Street was extended east out of Washington, D.C. to Seat Pleasant in the late 1960s.

Seat Pleasant, Maryland
Seat Pleasant is an incorporated city in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States, located immediately east of Washington D.C.. Per the 2020 census, the population was 4,522. Two state highways pass through the community — Maryland routes 704 (now called Martin Luther King Jr. Highway and previously named George Palmer Highway in honor of banker and community leader George Palmer) and 214 (Central Avenue). The Washington Metro's Blue and Silver Lines are nearby. The Washington Commanders' stadium is east of Seat Pleasant, near the Capital Beltway (I-95/495).
2013 Zuiderduin Masters
The 2013 Zuiderduin Masters was a BDO/WDF darts tournament that took place in Egmond aan Zee, Netherlands.

James Wilson won the tournament for the first time, beating defending champion and number one seed Stephen Bunting in the final.

World Darts Federation
The World Darts Federation (WDF) is a sport governing body and (along with the PDC) a tournament organiser for the game of darts. It was formed in 1974 by representatives of the original fourteen founding members. Membership is open to the national organising body for darts in all nations. The WDF encourages the promotion of the sport of darts among and between those bodies, in an effort to gain international recognition for darts as a major sport. The WDF was a full member of Global Association of International Sports Federations, which was the governing body for international sports federations, until dissolution in 2023.
Stanford Cardinal men's gymnastics
The Stanford Cardinal men's gymnastics team represents Stanford University and competes in the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation.  The team has won 11 NCAA National Championships, most recently in 2024.

Akash Modi
Akash Modi (born May 9, 1995) is an American artistic gymnast. He has been a member of the United States men's national artistic gymnastics team and represented the United States at the 2018 and the 2019 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships. He was an alternate for the 2016 and 2020 Olympic teams.
Rameshwar Neekhra
Rameshwar Neekhra also spelt Nikhra is an Indian politician. Neekhra is a cousin of veteran Bollywood actor Ashutosh Rana. He is a Law graduate. He was elected to the Lower House of Parliament the Lok Sabha 7th and 8th Lok Sabha two consecutive terms from Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh, India as a member of the Indian National Congress. He was Chairman of Madhya Pradesh State Bar Council for over a decade. 
National Vice-President of Seva Dal from 1987 to 1989, President of Madhya Pradesh Youth Congress 1985–1987, University President of Student Union at Dr Hari Singh Gour University 1968-1970  Founder member of Shikshak Congress and Currently Senior Vice-President of Madhya Pradesh Congress Committee.

Dr. Hari Singh Gour University
Dr. Hari Singh Gour University (DHGV), formerly University of Saugar and more popularly known as Sagar University or University of Saugar, is a central university in the city of Sagar, the state of Madhya Pradesh or (MP), India. It is one of the oldest university in Madhya Pradesh.The university offers multidisciplinary academic programs at undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral levels through its 11 schools. Undergraduate and postgraduate admission in university is granted via national-level entrance examination conducted by National Testing Agency (NTA) annually.
Sir Henry Baker, 2nd Baronet
Vice-Admiral Sir Henry Loraine Baker, 2nd Baronet, CB (3 January 1787 – 2 November 1859) was an officer of the British Royal Navy who served during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars against France and her allies, and also in the War of 1812 against the United States.

Vice-admiral (Royal Navy)
A vice-admiral (VAdm) is a flag officer rank of the Royal Navy and equates to the NATO rank code OF-8. It is immediately superior to the rear admiral rank and is subordinate to the full admiral rank.

The equivalent rank in the British Army and Royal Marines is lieutenant-general; and in the Royal Air Force, it is air marshal.
Battle of the Maroons (Kandy)
Battle of the Maroons is the annual cricket match between two of the largest government-run national boys' schools in Kandy, Sri Lanka: Dharmaraja College, Kandy and Kingswood College, Kandy. It is the oldest cricket match series in the central province and second oldest in Sri Lanka, having been played for 133 years.

Central Province, Sri Lanka
The Central Province (Sinhala: මධ්‍යම පළාත Madhyama Paḷāta, Tamil: மத்திய மாகாணம் Maddiya Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka. The province has an area of 567,400 ha (1,402,000 acres) and a population of 2,421,148, making it the second most populated province. The city of Kandy has been its capital since 1469.

The Central Province is located primarily in the central mountainous terrain of Sri Lanka. It is bordered by the North Central Province to the north, the Uva Province to the east, the North Western Province to the west and the Sabaragamuwa Province to the south and west.

The province is famous for its production of Ceylon tea, the cultivation of which was initiated by the British in the 1860s after a devastating disease killed all coffee plantations in the province. The province attracts many tourists, with hill station towns such as Gampola, Hatton and Nuwara Eliya. The province is home to four UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Lyle Owerko
Lyle Owerko is a filmmaker and photographer whose work has ranged from Sundance Channel to Time to MTV. His photos are collected by many business, entertainment and celebrity clients. They have been used in several films including Henry Singer's The Falling Man and The Omen, as well as books such as Jonathan Safran Foer's Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close.  His work is also included in the permanent archive of the Library of Congress  in Washington DC. Owerko travels extensively around the world each year shooting assignments and personal work. He resides in New York City.

Henry Singer
Henry Singer is a  documentary filmmaker. Born in 1957, he holds a bachelor's degree from Harvard University and a master's degree from Cambridge University. He produced the documentary 9/11: The Falling Man which dealt with the attempts to name an individual who jumped to his death from the World Trade Center following the 9/11 attacks. His work has a BAFTA nomination and a New York film festival gold medal.

He produced the documentary Last Orders as part of the BBCs White season.

Singer's The Blood of the Rose won the Green Award at Sheffield Doc/Fest.
Chengdu Longquanyi Football Stadium
Chengdu Longquanyi Football Stadium (Chinese: 成都龙泉驿足球场) is a multi-purpose stadium located in the eastern outskirts of Chengdu, Sichuan, China.  Situated in the mostly suburban Longquanyi District, where it derived its name, the stadium is currently used mostly for football matches.  The stadium began construction in 2003, and initially could hold 27,000 people; it was completed on June 26, 2004, in time for the 2004 AFC Asian Cup. It was the third stadium purpose-built for football (soccer) in China.

Chengdu Tiancheng F.C. sometimes used this stadium for matches when its main venue was occupied for other uses. As of 2013, the stadium has basically fallen into disuse, occasionally holding concerts or football matches that required a neutral pitch. 
The 2005 Super Girl Chengdu Concert was held here.

The Boy Band South Korean Super Junior performed at the stadium during the last date on his Super Show Tour with an audience of 31,000 people on March 7, 2009.

2004 AFC Asian Cup
The 2004 AFC Asian Cup was the 13th edition of the men's AFC Asian Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). It was held from 17 July to 7 August 2004 in China. The defending champions Japan defeated China in the final in Beijing.

The tournament was marked by Saudi Arabia's unexpected failure to even make it out of the first round; a surprisingly good performance by Bahrain, which finished in fourth place; Jordan, which reached the quarterfinals in its first appearance and Indonesia, which gained their historical first Asian Cup win against Qatar. The final match between China and Japan was marked by post-match rioting by Chinese fans near the north gate of Beijing Workers' Stadium, in part due to controversial officiating and anti-Japanese sentiment resulting from historical tensions.
1924 Campeonato Paulista
The 1924 Campeonato Paulista was the 23rd season of São Paulo's top association football league. The edition was organized by the APEA (Associação Paulista de Esportes Atléticos) from April 20, 1924, to January 18, 1925. The top scorer was Feitiço with 14 goals.

Campeonato Paulista
The Campeonato Paulista Série A1, commonly known as Campeonato Paulista, nicknamed Paulistão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. Run by the São Paulo State Football Federation (FPF), the league is contested by 16 clubs and typically lasts from January to April. Rivalries amongst four of the best-known Brazilian teams (Corinthians, Palmeiras, Santos and São Paulo) have marked the history of the competition. The Campeonato Paulista is the oldest established league in Brazil, being held since 1902 and professionally since 1933.
Neo Petritsi railway station
Neo Petritsi railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός Νέο Πετρίτσι, romanized: Sidirodromikós stathmós Neo Petritsi) is a railway station that servers the community of Petritsi, in  Serres in Central Macedonia, Greece. The station is located just south of the settlement but still within the settlement limits. The station is unstaffed.

Serres (regional unit)
Serres (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Σερρών) is one of the regional units of Greece, in the geographic region of Macedonia. It is part of the Region of Central Macedonia. Its capital is the city of Serres. The total population reaches just over 150,000.
Till Mansmann
Till Mansmann (born 8 January 1968) is a German politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) who has been serving as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Hesse since 2017.

In addition to his parliamentary work, Mansmann served as Commissioner for Green Hydrogen in the Federal Ministry of Education and Research in the coalition government of Chancellor Olaf Scholz from 2022 to 2024.

Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space
The Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space (German: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt; abbreviated BMFTR) is a cabinet-level ministry of Germany. It is headquartered in Bonn, with an office in Berlin. The Ministry provides funding for research projects and institutions.

The ministry has been headed by Dorothee Bär since 6 May 2025.
Jack Payne (rugby union)
Jack Payne (born 13 September 1994) is an Australian rugby union player. Now retired, he finished his career playing for Newcastle Falcons in the English Premiership Rugby.

Payne previously played for the Scarlets regional team in Wales and is Welsh qualified. He also previously represented the Australia U20s rugby team. He started his career at flaker / second row. and moved to tighthead prop in 2016, where he eventually finished his career.

Payne made his debut for the Scarlets regional team in 2014 having played for Brothers Old Boys and Queensland Reds U20s side.

He joined Darlington Mowden Park in 2016 and caught the eye of Dean Richards. Payne then joined Newcastle Falcons at the beginning of the 2017–18 season.

He retired from professional rugby in 2019 due to head injuries.

2017–18 Premiership Rugby
The 2017–18 Aviva Premiership was the 31st season of the top flight English domestic rugby union competition and the eighth and final one to be sponsored by Aviva. The reigning champions entering the season were Exeter Chiefs, who had claimed their first title after defeating Wasps in the 2017 final. London Irish had been promoted as champions from the 2016–17 RFU Championship at the first attempt.

The competition was broadcast by BT Sport for the fifth successive season and  with five games also simulcast free-to-air on Channel 5 for the first time. Highlights of each weekend's games were shown on Channel 5 with extended highlights on BT Sport.
Lady Hilda Madeline Britten-Jones
Lady Hilda Madeline Britten-Jones (née Fisher) (1892–1965) was born in South Australia. She was the South Australian amateur champion between 1921 and 1929. Britten-Jones represented Australia in the 1936 Tasman Cup and she was the eight time Royal Adelaide Golf Club Associate Club Champion. She was the Royal Adelaide Golf Club Associate Club Captain in 1925 and from 1930 to 1932, Associate Club President from 1930 to 1950 and was awarded Associate Honorary Life Membership in 1952. Britten-Jones was SA Ladies Golf Union President and a delegate to the Australian Ladies Golf Union between 1932 and 1935. She also played tennis for SA in 1913.

Britten-Jones Drive in the Australian Capital Territory (Division of Holt) was named in her honour.

Royal Adelaide Golf Club
The Royal Adelaide Golf Club (often referred to as Seaton) is a private Australian golf club located in the Adelaide suburb of Seaton, 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) northwest of the city centre.

The links at Seaton has been the venue for many international and interstate matches and championships. Royal Adelaide has hosted the Australian Open nine times, most recently in 1998 when Greg Chalmers took home the trophy, carding an even-par 288. The Women's Australian Open was first played at the course in December 1994, won by Annika Sörenstam, and returned in February 2017 where it was won by Jang Ha-na. It has also hosted the Australian Amateur 19 times, the South Australian Open 13 times, and the Adelaide Advertiser Tournament 10 times.

The course record was originally established by American Marty Bohen in 1977. Bohen shot a 63 (−10) during the final round of the 1977 South Australian Open.
1948 Yugoslav First Basketball League
The 1948 Yugoslav First Basketball League season is the 4th season of the Yugoslav First Basketball League, the highest professional basketball league in SFR Yugoslavia.

The competition was held as a six-team tournament held in Belgrade.

First Federal Basketball League
The First Federal Basketball League (Serbo-Croatian: Prva savezna košarkaška liga) was the highest tier level men's professional club basketball competition in the former country of SFR Yugoslavia. Founded in 1945, and folded in 1992 (1991–92 Winer Broker YUBA League), it was run by the Basketball Federation of Yugoslavia. With a total of 16 European-wide trophy winners and 11 finalists, the Yugoslav First Basketball League was one of the strongest European national domestic basketball leagues of all time.

Although each of the former Yugoslav countries now have their own national domestic leagues, the six nations also now take part in the ABA League (commonly known as the Adriatic League), which was founded in 2001; and which is, the closest basketball league in existence today, that is similar to the former Yugoslav First Federal Basketball League.
Spyros Ikonomopoulos
Spyros Ikonomopoulos (Greek: Σπύρος Οικονομόπουλος; born 26 October 1959) is a Greek former professional Goalkeeper footballer who played as a goalkeeper for AEK Athens. He was voted Best Greek Player of the Season in 1989.

Greek League Cup
Greek League Cup (Greek: Λίγκ Καπ Ελλάδος), officially known as the EPAE Cup (Greek: Κύπελλο ΕΠΑΕ) was a Greek association football competition, which took place only once, in the 1989–90 season. On 2 June 1990 AEK Athens became the only winner of the competition after beating Olympiacos 3–2 in the final at the Athens Olympic Stadium.
Clark County Shooting Complex
The Clark County Shooting Complex, located on the northern outskirts of the Las Vegas–North Las Vegas line in Nevada, is the largest shooting facility in the United States at 2,900 acres (1,200 ha). At full build out is anticipated that only 900 acres (360 ha) will be developed with the rest of the site serving as a buffer for the surrounding community. The park is located at the northern end of Decatur Boulevard at a traffic circle in unincorporated Clark County, just north of the City of Las Vegas boundary.

North Las Vegas, Nevada
North Las Vegas is a suburban city in Clark County, Nevada, United States, in the Las Vegas Valley. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 262,527, with an estimated population of 280,543 in 2022. The city was incorporated on May 1, 1946. It is the 4th most populous city in the state of Nevada, and the 73rd most populous city in the United States.
Drydenius
Drydenius is an extinct genus of marine ray-finned fish known from the early-mid Carboniferous of the United Kingdom. It is one of a number of early fish genera long placed in the likely paraphyletic order Palaeonisciformes.

It contains the following species:

D. insignis Traquair, 1890 - Serpukhovian of Scotland (Limestone Coal Formation)

D. molyneuxi (Traquair, 1888) (type species) - Late Bashkirian (Westphalian) of England and Wales (Pennine Coal Measures) (=Gonatodus molyneuxi Traquair, 1888)

Serpukhovian
The Serpukhovian is in the ICS geologic timescale the uppermost stage or youngest age of the Mississippian, the lower subsystem of the Carboniferous. The Serpukhovian age lasted from 330.3 Ma to 323.4 Ma. It is preceded by the Visean and is followed by the Bashkirian. The Serpukhovian correlates with the lower part of the Namurian Stage of European stratigraphy and the middle and upper parts of the Chesterian Stage of North American stratigraphy.
Manuel De Sica
Manuel De Sica (24 February 1949 – 5 December 2014) was an Italian composer.

Born in Rome, the son of Vittorio De Sica and María Mercader, De Sica enrolled at the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia, in which he studied with Bruno Maderna. He debuted as a composer for his father's film A Place for Lovers (1968). In 1969, he formed a band, The Ancients, with whom he appeared in the TV-show Studio Uno.

In 1993, De Sica won the Nastro d'Argento for Best Score for Carlo Verdone's Al lupo, al lupo. In 1996 he won the David di Donatello for Best Score for Carlo Lizzani's Celluloide.

De Sica also wrote chamber compositions and ballet music. He directed a television film, L'eroe (1975), and several documentaries, mostly focused on archaeology. In 2005 he was honored with the title of Commendatore of the Italian Republic.

De Sica died of a heart attack on 5 December 2014 at the age of 65.

Celluloide
Celluloide is a 1996 Italian historical drama film directed by Carlo Lizzani from a screenplay by Furio Scarpelli, Ugo Pirro and Lizzani, based on the 1983 novel of the same name by Pirro. It stars Giancarlo Giannini, Massimo Ghini, Anna Falchi, and Lina Sastri.
Locon
Locon (French pronunciation: [lɔkɔ̃]; West Flemish: Lockon) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France about 5 miles (8.0 km) north of Béthune and 24 miles (39 km) west of Lille. The river Lawe flows through the eastern part of the commune.

West Flemish
West Flemish (West-Vlams or West-Vloams or Vlaemsch (in French Flanders), Dutch: West-Vlaams, French: flamand occidental) is a collection of Low Franconian varieties spoken in western Belgium and the neighbouring areas of France and the Netherlands.

West Flemish is spoken by about a million people in the Belgian province of West Flanders, and a further 50,000 in the neighbouring Dutch coastal district of Zeelandic Flanders (200,000 if including the closely related dialects of Zeelandic) and 10–20,000 in the northern part of the French department of Nord. Some of the main cities where West Flemish is widely spoken are Bruges, Kortrijk, Ostend, Roeselare and Ypres in Belgium and Hazebrouck, Cassel, Halluin, and Bailleul in France.

West Flemish is listed as a "vulnerable" language in UNESCO's online Red Book of Endangered Languages.