hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Useful idiot
A useful idiot or useful fool is a pejorative description of a person, suggesting that the person thinks they are fighting for a cause without fully comprehending the consequences of their actions, and who does not realize they are being manipulated by the cause's leaders or by other political players. The term was often used during the Cold War in the Western Bloc to describe non-communists regarded as susceptible to communist propaganda and psychological manipulation.

This statement has traditionally been attributed to Vladimir Lenin, but this attribution is not supported by any evidence. Similar terms exist in other languages, and the first mention in the English language predates Lenin's birth.

Manipulation (psychology)
In psychology, manipulation is defined as an action designed to influence or control another person, usually in an underhanded or subtle manner which facilitates one's personal aims. Methods someone may use to manipulate another person may include seduction, suggestion, coercion, and blackmail. Manipulation is generally considered a dishonest form of social influence as it is used at the expense of others. Humans are inherently capable of manipulative and deceptive behavior, with the main differences being that of specific personality characteristics or disorders.
Charles Hadcock
Charles William George Hadcock is a British sculptor[1] (born 1965 in Derby, England) known for his monumental sculptures that incorporate elements of geology, engineering, and mathematics. Hadcock's work also draws inspiration from music, philosophy, and poetry. He is a Deputy Lieutenant of Lancashire.

Charles Hadcock's sculptures can be found in a variety of public and private collections around the world. His works are often large in scale and are made from a variety of materials, including steel, stone, and bronze. Two sculptures, "Helisphere"[2] and "Torsion II",[3] are exhibited in Canary Wharf Art Trail, London.

Public
In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the Öffentlichkeit or public sphere.

The concept of a public has also been defined in political science, psychology, marketing, and advertising.  In public relations and communication science, it is one of the more ambiguous concepts in the field.

Although it has definitions in the theory of the field that have been formulated from the early 20th century onward, in more recent years it has suffered from being blurred, as a result of conflation of the idea of a public with the notions of audience, market segment, community, constituency, and stakeholder.
Vainu Bappu Observatory
The Vainu Bappu Observatory is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics. It is located at Kavalur in the Javadi Hills, near Vaniyambadi in Tirupathur district, Vellore region in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is 200 km south-west of Chennai and 175 km south-east of Bangalore.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
F. Rubinet
F. Rubinet (fl 1482–1507), sometimes given as Robinet, was a French composer and singer active in Florence, Italy. Six compositions credited to F. Rubinet were copied in Florence in the 1490s and are extant in the collection at the National Central Library in Florence. Scholars speculate that this composer is the same person as a cantor, "Robinetto francioso cantore", employed at the Santissima Annunziata, Florence in 1482–1483, and a 'contro alto' "fratrem Rubinectum franciosum" employed at the Florence Cathedral in 1506–1507. His compositions appear to have been influenced by Loyset Compère, and use a similar 'cycle of fifths' utilized in Compère's compositions.

It is speculated by some, that F. Rubinet may be the composer of the ballad Entre Peronne et Saint Quentin ascribed to a Rubinus found in seven sources (two from central France) dating back to as early as 1460. However, other musicians have also been proposed as the author of this work.

Santissima Annunziata, Florence
The Basilica della Santissima Annunziata (Basilica of the Most Holy Annunciation) is a Renaissance-style, Catholic minor basilica in Florence, region of Tuscany, Italy. This is considered the mother church of the Servite Order. It is located at the northeastern side of the Piazza Santissima Annunziata near the city center.
Politics of Timor-Leste
The political system in Timor-Leste is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Timor-Leste is the head of government and the President of Timor-Leste  functions as head of state. Timor-Leste has a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the president and the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Parliament. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
The East Timorese constitution was modelled on that of Portugal, with lesser power given to the president. The country is still in the process of building its administration and governmental institutions. The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Timor-Leste a "flawed democracy" in 2024. The country also had the highest electoral and liberal democracy scores in Southeast Asia in 2024, according to the V-Dem Democracy Indices.

Judiciary
The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
Downtown Oakville Jazz Festival
The Downtown Oakville Jazz Festival is an annual jazz festival in Oakville, Ontario that has taken place since 1993. The festival is produced by volunteers and coordinated by the Downtown Oakville Business Improvement Area. It is funded by the BIA and other sponsors to make the outdoor festival free to the public.

Both local and international musicians perform during the two-day event. Past performers have included: Big Rude Jake, Matt Dusk, Jeff Healey, Warren Hill, Molly Johnson, Michael Kaeshammer, Johannes Linstead, Chuck Mangione, Rachel Z, The Shuffle Demons, Jimmy Smith, Carol Welsman, The Yellowjackets, and Alexander Zonjic.

Matt Dusk
Matthew-Aaron Dusk (born November 19, 1978) is a Canadian jazz vocalist. He has four certified gold albums: Two Shots, Good News, Old School Yule! and JetSetJazz, and two certified platinum albums; My Funny Valentine: The Chet Baker Songbook and Just the Two of Us (with Margaret).
Töttös
Töttös is a village in Baranya county, Hungary.
Until the end of World War II, the majority of the inhabitants was Danube Swabian, also called locally as Stifolder, because their ancestors arrived in the 17th and 18th centuries from Fulda (district). Most of the former German settlers were expelled to allied-occupied Germany and allied-occupied Austria in 1945–1948, pursuant to the 1945 Potsdam Agreement.
Only a few Germans of Hungary live there, the majority today are the descendants of Hungarians from the Czechoslovak–Hungarian population exchange. They occupied the houses of the former Danube Swabian inhabitants.

Czechoslovak–Hungarian population exchange
The Czechoslovak–Hungarian population exchange was the exchange of inhabitants between Czechoslovakia and Hungary after World War II. Between 45,000 and 120,000 Hungarians were forcibly transferred from Czechoslovakia to Hungary, and their properties confiscated, while around 72,000 Slovaks voluntarily transferred from Hungary to Czechoslovakia.
Muriel Denison
Muriel Denison, née Jessie Muriel Goggin (1886–1954), was a Canadian writer.

Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, she was educated at Havergal College, Edgehill School, and the Royal Conservatory of Music (Toronto). In 1926 she married author and playwright Merrill Denison.

Denison is best known as the author of the "Susannah" novels, a series of books set in the years 1896–1900, and featuring Susannah Winston, age 9-13: Susannah of the Mounties, Susannah of the Yukon, Susannah at Boarding School, and Susannah Rides Again. The first book was the inspiration for the Shirley Temple movie of the same name, though the two stories are very different.

Denison often wrote nonfiction using the pen name "Frances Newton" for articles in This Week, Reader's Digest, McCall's and other magazines.

Denison lived in New York for 20 years before her death, but returned to Toronto to go to hospital and died there.

The Royal Conservatory of Music
The Royal Conservatory of Music (RCM; French: Conservatoire royal de musique), branded as The Royal Conservatory, is a non-profit music education institution and performance venue headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1886 by Edward Fisher as The Toronto Conservatory of Music. In 1947, King George VI incorporated the organization through royal charter. Its Toronto home was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1995, in recognition of the institution's influence on music education in Canada. Tim Price is the current Chair of the Board, and Alexander Brose is the President and CEO.
Change of Heart (1938 film)
Change of Heart is a 1938 American comedy film directed by James Tinling and written by Frances Hyland and Albert Ray. The film stars Gloria Stuart, Michael Whalen, Lyle Talbot, Delmar Watson and Jane Darwell. The film was released on January 14, 1938, by 20th Century Fox.

Albert Ray
Albert Ray (August 28, 1897 – February 5, 1944) was an American film director, actor, and screenwriter. He directed more than 70 films between 1920 and 1939. He also appeared in 18 films between 1915 and 1922. He was born in New Rochelle, New York and died in Los Angeles, California.
Linlang (2006 TV series)
Linlang (trans. / international title: Deception) is a 2006 Philippine television drama thriller series broadcast by GMA Network. The series is the sixth installment of Now and Forever. Directed by Mac Alejandre, it stars Lorna Tolentino and Rudy Fernandez. It premiered on July 24, 2006. The series concluded on September 22, 2006 with a total of 45 episodes.

Rudy Fernandez (actor)
Rodolfo Valentino Padilla Fernandez (March 3, 1952 – June 7, 2008), better known as Rudy Fernandez or Daboy, was a Filipino actor and producer. He came to prominence as an action star in Philippine cinema during the 1970s up to the 1990s.
Venus of Hohle Fels
The Venus of Hohle Fels (also known as the Venus of Schelklingen; in German variously Venus vom Hohlen Fels, vom Hohle Fels; Venus von Schelklingen) is an Upper Paleolithic Venus figurine made of mammoth ivory that was unearthed in 2008 in Hohle Fels, a cave near Schelklingen, Germany, part of the Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is dated to between 42,000 and 40,000 years ago, belonging to the early Aurignacian, at the very beginning of the Upper Paleolithic, which is associated with the earliest presence of Cro-Magnons in Europe.

The figure is the oldest undisputed example of a depiction of a human being. In terms of figurative art only the lion-headed, zoomorphic Löwenmensch figurine is possibly older. The Venus is housed at the Prehistoric Museum of Blaubeuren (Urgeschichtliches Museum Blaubeuren).

Paleolithic Europe
Paleolithic Europe, or Old Stone Age Europe, encompasses the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age in Europe from the arrival of the first archaic humans, about 1.4 million years ago until the beginning of the Mesolithic (also Epipaleolithic) around 10,000 years ago. This period thus covers over 99% of the total human presence on the European continent. The early arrival and disappearance of Homo erectus and Homo heidelbergensis, the appearance, complete evolution and eventual demise of Homo neanderthalensis and the immigration and successful settlement of Homo sapiens all have taken place during the European Paleolithic.
Baccharis bigelovii
Baccharis bigelovii is a North American species of shrubs in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Bigelow's false willow. It is found in the Chihuahuan Desert and nearby regions of the United States and Mexico, in the States of Chihuahua, Durango, Sonora, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas.

Baccharis bigelovii is a shrub up to 100 cm (40 inches) tall, branching from the base. It produces many small flower heads. The plant grows on rocky ground in coniferous forests.

Chihuahuan Desert
The Chihuahuan Desert (Spanish: Desierto de Chihuahua, Desierto Chihuahuense) is a desert ecoregion designation covering parts of northern Mexico and the southwestern United States. It occupies much of far West Texas, the middle to lower Rio Grande Valley and the lower Pecos Valley in New Mexico, and a portion of southeastern Arizona, as well as the central and northern portions of the Mexican Plateau. It is bordered on the west by the Sonoran Desert, the Colorado Plateau, and the extensive Sierra Madre Occidental range, along with northwestern lowlands of the Sierra Madre Oriental range. Its largest, continual expanse is located in Mexico, covering a large portion of the state of Chihuahua, along with portions of Coahuila, north-eastern Durango, the extreme northern part of Zacatecas, and small western portions of Nuevo León. With an area of about 501,896 km2 (193,783 sq mi), it is the largest hot desert in North America. The desert is fairly young, existing for only 8,000 years.
The Wilding
The Wilding is a 2012 Australian gay drama film written and directed by Grant Scicluna and funded through Springboard, an initiative of Screen Australia. The film stars Reef Ireland, Shannon Glowacki, Luke Mullins and Frank Sweet and had its world premiere in competition at the Berlin International Film Festival on 9 February 2012 and was nominated for the Teddy Award.

The film competed at number of film festivals including Sydney Film Festival, Show Me Shorts, Melbourne Queer Film Festival, Palm Springs International Film Festival and St Kilda Film Festival and earned good reviews before winning the prestigious Iris Prize in 2012.

Show Me Shorts
Show Me Shorts is an international short film festival held in Auckland and other venues across New Zealand. It screens a selection of short films from New Zealand and around the world in cinemas nationwide each spring.

Each year approximately 80 top short films are selected and contend for awards. The festival awards are then presented to the top filmmakers at the opening night and awards ceremony in Auckland. Show Me Shorts is New Zealand's first Academy Awards-accredited festival, with the Best Film and Best International Film award winners becoming eligible for nomination for the Oscars.

The programme covers a diverse range of themes and subjects including documentary, sci-fi, horror, drama, animation and comedy. Since 2014, a music video competitive category has been included. There are a number of supporting events such as a lab for screenwriters and filmmaker talks for aspiring filmmakers that run as part of the festival.
1932 Women's British Open Squash Championship
The 1932 Ladies Open Championships was held at the Queen's Club, West Kensington in London from 1–6 February 1932. Susan Noel won her first title defeating Joyce Cave in the final. A record 67 entries were received for the 1932 Open Championship. Three times winners Nancy Cave and Cecily Fenwick were missing because both had retired from competition.

Joyce Cave
Joyce Irene Cave (2 June 1902 – 13 March 1953) was an English squash player who won the inaugural women's British Open tournament in 1922, defeating her older sister Nancy Cave in the final 11–15, 15–10, 15–9. She also won the tournament in 1925 and 1929, defeating Nancy Cave and Cecily Fenwick, respectively, in the final. She was one of three sisters who participated in the British Open. Her sister Nancy also won the title on three occasions and their oldest sister Margorie Maude Cave competed in 1922. All three sisters were taught by their father Harold Watkin Cave who was a rackets player during the 1880s.
Sengaku Mayeda
Sengaku Mayeda (Japanese: 前田專學, romanized: Maeda Sengaku) is a Japanese writer, philosopher and teacher, known for his writings on Indian philosophy and Adi Shankara. He was honoured by the Government of India, in 2014, by bestowing on him the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award, for his services to the fields of literature and education. He is the fourth Japanese to be honoured with Padma Shri, after Taro Nakayama, Shoji Shiba and Prof. Noboru Karashima. He is also a recipient of the Third Order of Merit with the Middle Cordon of the Rising Sun of the Government of Japan, which he received in 2002.

Ashikaga Gakkō
Ashikaga Gakkō (足利学校, "Ashikaga School") is Japan's oldest standing academic building. It is located in the city of Ashikaga, Tochigi Prefecture, about 70 kilometres north of Tokyo. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1928.
Antimima eendornensis
Antimima eendornensis is a species of plant in the family Aizoaceae. It is endemic to Namibia.  Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and rocky areas. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Aizoaceae
The Aizoaceae (/ˌeɪzoʊˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or fig-marigold family, are a large family of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing 135 genera and about 1,800 species. Several genera are commonly named ice plants or carpet weeds. The Aizoaceae are also referred to as vygies in South Africa. Some of the unusual  Southern African genera—such as Conophytum, Lithops, Titanopsis, and Pleiospilos (among others)—resemble gemstones, rocks, or pebbles, and are sometimes called living stones or mesembs (short for mesembryanthemums).
Papilio appalachiensis
Papilio appalachiensis, the Appalachian tiger swallowtail, is a species of swallowtail butterfly found in eastern North America, particularly in the Appalachian Mountains. It is a hybrid of another two Papilio species, Papilio canadensis and Papilio glaucus, with which it shares many characteristics. The butterflies are normally yellow and contain black patterns in their wings. Their wingspans range from 86 to 115 mm. The caterpillars range in color from green and yellow to orange and are ornamented with black specks that give them the appearance of a bird dropping, which is useful for camouflage, or a large eye, a form of mimicry that is also efficient for protection.
This species is univoltine. Females lay their eggs in May.

Spruce Mountain (West Virginia)
Spruce Mountain, located in eastern West Virginia, is the highest ridge of the Allegheny Mountains. The whale-backed ridge extends for only 16 miles (26 km) from northeast to southwest, but several of its peaks exceed 4,500 feet (1,400 m) in elevation. The summit, Spruce Knob (4,863 ft; 1,482 m), is the highest point both in West Virginia and in the entire Allegheny range, which spans four states.
Utsubo Tennis Center
The Utsubo Tennis Center is a tennis complex situated in the Utsubo Park, Nishi-ku, Osaka, Japan. The complex was the host of the HP Open (WTA International tournaments) from 2009 through 2014. The stadium court has a capacity of 5,000 people, second court has a capacity of 500 people.

Japan Women's Open
The Japan Women's Open, currently sponsored by the Kinoshita Group (formerly Japan Women's Open Tennis), is a professional women's tennis tournament played annually on outdoor hardcourts in Osaka, Japan. The event is affiliated with the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), and is an WTA 250 tournament on the WTA Tour. As successor to the Japan Open (where men and women played simultaneously, up to 2008) the event was held in women-only form for the first time in 2009, and was the second tournament of the season held in Japan: the Pan Pacific Open, a Premier 5 tournament, was held two weeks before. In 2015, the event was moved from Osaka to Tokyo and in 2018 to Hiroshima, before returning to Osaka in 2023 after a three year hiatus.
Blockbusters (American game show)
Blockbusters is an American game show, created by Steve Ryan for Mark Goodson-Bill Todman Productions, which had two separate runs in the 1980s. Contestants answer general-knowledge questions to complete a path across or down a game board composed of hexagons. The first series of the show debuted on NBC on October 27, 1980, and aired until April 23, 1982. In the first series, a team of two family members competed against a solo contestant. Blockbusters was revived on NBC from January 5 to May 1, 1987, but featured only two solo contestants competing. Bill Cullen hosted the 1980–82 version, with Bob Hilton as announcer; Bill Rafferty hosted the 1987 version with Rich Jeffries as announcer. The show is the basis of the British game show of the same name, which aired in various incarnations between 1983 and 2019.

Bill Todman
William Selden Todman (July 31, 1916 – July 29, 1979) was an American television producer and personality born in New York City. He produced many of television's longest-running shows with business partner Mark Goodson, with whom he created Goodson-Todman Productions.
"Cochranella" euhystrix
"Cochranella" euhystrix is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It has an uncertain placement (incertae sedis) within subfamily Centroleninae (hence the quotation marks around the genus). It is endemic to Peru and only known from the vicinity of its type locality near Cerro Blanco, in the Zaña River watershed, Department of Cajamarca. The specific name euhystrix (from Greek prefix eu, "very", and hystrix, "porcupine") refers to the unusually spiny appearance of this frog, especially males. Common name ridge Cochran frog has been proposed for this frog.

Zaña River
The Zaña River (also Saña River) is a small river in northern Peru. The river is 119 kilometres (74 miles) in length and begins in the Andes of Cajamarca Region and ends at the Pacific Ocean in Lambayeque Region. In the lower part of the river valley, where the river flows through the coastal desert of Peru, the cultivation of irrigated crops is extensive and the Zaña is usually dry near its mouth. Upriver, at higher elevations in the Andes, precipitation is much greater and downstream floods are common. One such flood wiped out the important city of Zaña in 1720. Zaña has been rebuilt, but has never regained its former prominence as an urban center. Other towns in the lower valley are Mocupe, Cayalti, Nueva Arica, and Oyotun.

The most distant source of the Zaña River is at an elevation of 3,750 metres (12,300 ft) at coordinates 6.998° S latitude and 78.83° W longitude. The village of Udima is near the source of the river.
SM U-104
SM U-104 was a German Type U 57 U-boat during the First World War. U-104 was built at AG Weser in Bremen, launched on 3 July 1917 and commissioned on 12 August 1917. She completed four patrols under Kptlt. Kurt Bernis and was responsible for the sinking of nine vessels of a total of 14,721 gross register tons (GRT).

Kapitänleutnant
Kapitänleutnant, short: KptLt/in lists: KL, (English: captain lieutenant or lieutenant captain) is an officer grade of the captains' military hierarchy group (German: Hauptleute) of the modern German Bundeswehr. The rank is rated OF-2 in NATO, and equivalent to Hauptmann in the Heer and Luftwaffe. It is grade A11 or A12 in the pay rules of the Federal Ministry of Defence.

The rank first appeared in the German Empire and continued in use through the Weimar Republic and into the Third Reich.