hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Plomestane
Plomestane (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name, USANTooltip United States Adopted Name; former developmental code name MDL-18962; also known as propargylestrenedione, PED) is a steroidal, irreversible aromatase inhibitor which was under development by Marion Merrell Dow/Hoechst Marion Russell (now Hoechst AG) as an antineoplastic agent for the treatment of breast cancer. It was found to be effective in preclinical studies and was also found to produce few adverse effects in human clinical trials, significantly reducing estrogen levels with a single administration. However, development of the drug for clinical use was halted due to "technical issues" and it was never marketed.

In addition to its activity as an aromatase inhibitor, plomestane has weak androgenic properties.

Preclinical development
In drug development,  preclinical development (also termed preclinical studies or nonclinical studies) is a stage of research that begins before clinical trials (testing in humans) and during which important feasibility, iterative testing and drug safety data are collected, typically in laboratory animals.

The main goals of preclinical studies are to determine a starting, safe dose for first-in-human study and assess potential toxicity of the product, which typically include new medical devices, prescription drugs, and diagnostics.

Companies use stylized statistics to illustrate the risks in preclinical research, such as that on average, only one in every 5,000 compounds that enters drug discovery to the stage of preclinical development becomes an approved drug.
German submarine U-48 (1939)
German submarine U-48 was a Type VIIB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II, and the most successful that was commissioned. During her two years of active service, U-48 sank 52 ships for a total of 306,874 GRT and 1,060 tons; she also damaged three more for a total of 20,480 GRT over twelve war patrols conducted during the opening stages of the Battle of the Atlantic.

U-48 was built at the Germaniawerft in Kiel as yard number 583 during 1938 and 1939, being completed a few months before the outbreak of war in September 1939 and given to Kapitänleutnant (Kptlt.) Herbert Schultze. When war was declared, she was already in position in the North Atlantic, and received the news via radio, allowing her to operate immediately against Allied shipping.

Wolfpack (naval tactic)
The wolfpack (Rudeltaktik) was a convoy attack tactic employed in the Second World War. It was used principally by the U-boats of the Kriegsmarine during the Battle of the Atlantic, and by the submarines of the United States Navy in the Pacific War. The idea of a co-ordinated submarine attack on convoys had been proposed during the First World War but had had no success. In the Atlantic during the Second World War, the Germans had considerable successes with their wolfpack attacks but were ultimately defeated by the Allies of World War II. In the Pacific, the American submarine force was able to devastate the Japanese merchant marine, though this was not solely due to the wolfpack tactic. Wolfpacks fell out of use during the Cold War as the role of the submarine changed.
Shemon V
Mar Shemʿon V (died September 1502) was the patriarch of the Church of the East from 1497 until his death. His short reign is poorly documented and it is possible that he was in fact an anti-patriarch.

Probably in 1499, Shemʿon V received a pair of messengers from the Indian church requesting bishops. The patriarch consecrated Thomas and John, two monks of the monastery of Mar Awgin, as bishops and dispatched them to India with letters of authentication. Thomas returned not long after with gifts from the Indian Christians, while John remained there as bishop.

Shemʿon's death is recorded in a letter from the Indian Christians. He was buried in the monastery of Mar Awgin. It may be significant that he was not buried in the monastery of Rabban Hormizd, where his predecessor, Shemʿon IV, and nearly all his successors were buried. His election may have represented a reaction to the policies of Shemʿon IV favouring his own family.

Rabban Hormizd Monastery
Rabban Hormizd Monastery (Syriac: ܪܒܢ ܗܘܪܡܝܙܕ ܥܓ̰ܡܝܐ) is an important convent to the Assyrian Church of the East, and the Chaldean Catholic Church, founded about 640 AD by the Church of the East, carved out in the mountains about 2 miles from Alqosh, Iraq, 28 miles north of Mosul. It was the official residence of the patriarchs of the Eliya line of the Assyrian Church of the East from 1551 to the 18th century, and after the union with Rome in the early 19th century, passed to becoming a prominent monastery of the Chaldean Catholic Church.

The convent is named after Rabban Hormizd (rabban is the Syriac for "monk") of the Church of the East,  who founded it in the seventh century.
Thunder Valley Casino Resort
Thunder Valley Casino Resort is an American hotel and casino located in unincorporated Placer County, California in Whitney, California near the city of Lincoln, California, 30 miles (48 km) northeast of Sacramento. It is owned and operated by the United Auburn Indian Community and designed by architect Edward Vance of JMA Architecture Studios, located in Las Vegas, Nevada. The resort opened on June 9, 2003. It was operated by Station Casinos from 2003 to 2010.

The 275,000-square-foot (25,550 m2) facility offers a variety of gaming including slot machines, live poker and various other table games.

Placer County, California
Placer County (/ˈplæsər/ PLASS-ər), officially the County of Placer, is located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 404,739. The county seat is Auburn.

Placer County is included in the Greater Sacramento metropolitan area. It is in both the Sacramento Valley and Sierra Nevada regions, in what is known as the Gold Country. The county stretches roughly 65 miles (105 km) from Sacramento's suburbs at Roseville to the Nevada border and the shore of Lake Tahoe.
Rahat Fateh Ali Khan discography
Rahat Fateh Ali Khan is a Pakistani singer, who has sung several songs in Pakistan and India, including the Pakistani film and drama industries, as well as Coke Studio and Bollywood. He is a well-known Qawwali singer, and has also sung many national songs and ghazals.

Rahat Fateh Ali Khan
Rahat Fateh Ali Khan (Punjabi: راحت فتح علی خان, Punjabi pronunciation: [ɾɑːɦət̪ fəte(ɦ) əliː xɑːn]; born 9 December 1974) is a Pakistani Punjabi singer, primarily of Qawwali, a form of Sufi devotional music. Khan is one of the most popular and highest paid singers in Pakistan. He is the nephew of Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, the son of Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan and the grandson of Qawwali singer Fateh Ali Khan. In addition to Qawwali, he also performs ghazals and other light music. He is also well-known as a playback singer in the Hindi cinema and  Pakistan film industry.
A. J. Preller
A. J. Preller (born June 20, 1977) is an American professional baseball executive who is the president of baseball operations and general manager of the San Diego Padres of Major League Baseball (MLB). He was hired by the Padres on August 5, 2014, while serving as the assistant general manager for the Texas Rangers, overseeing the player development and scouting departments and serving as a key advisor on all player acquisitions. At the time, he was 37 years old.

MacKenzie Gore
MacKenzie Evan Gore (born February 24, 1999) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Texas Rangers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the San Diego Padres and Washington Nationals. Gore made his MLB debut with the Padres in 2022. In 2025, Gore was named to his first All-Star game.
International Association of Hebrew Free Loans
The International Association of Hebrew Free Loans (IAHFL) is an umbrella organization for Hebrew Free Loan societies, organizations that offer interest-free loans to Jews. There are members around the world, with most in North America. Each member organization has its own rules regarding such things as who may borrow, the maximum loan amount, and the repayment process. However, all offer loans without interest.

Hebrew Free Loan societies (such a society is also known as a Gemach) are based on the biblical injunction that Jews may not charge interest to other Jews in need, found in Exodus 22:25: "If you lend money to My people, to the poor among you, do not act towards them as a creditor; exact no interest from them."

The IAHFL provides a forum for independent free loan societies to interact, share information, and helps establish new Hebrew Free Loans. There is an annual conference hosted by a member organization.

Closing costs
Closing costs are fees paid at the closing of a real estate transaction. This point in time called the closing is when the title to the property is conveyed (transferred) to the buyer. Closing costs are incurred by either the buyer or the seller.
Mezzastris
Mezzastris (Mezastris, Mezzastri) was the family name of two Umbrian painters who worked in the Foligno area.

Pier Antonio Mezzastris (or Pierantonio) was the more famous, and the one usually meant when no first name is indicated

Bernardino Mezzastris (or Belardino), possibly the son of the preceding, was a lesser known painter

Pier Antonio Mezzastris
Pier Antonio Mezzastris (or Pierantonio Mezastris; c. 1430 – c. 1506) was an Italian painter of the Quattrocento, painting in a somewhat provincial style for the time.

He was born at Foligno in Umbria. He painted religious subjects, working mostly in fresco, and was a local painter, in that all of his known works can be found within 15 km (10 mi) of his hometown, except for two frescoes in Narni. Though his subjects are very limited, his work is good, marked by technical ability and polish combined with elegance and delicacy of feeling. He is described as a follower of Benozzo Gozzoli. He should not be confused with Bernardino Mezzastris, a much lesser artist, possibly his son. His sister, Onofria, married Matteo da Gualdo, a painter from Foligno and active in Ancona and Norcia.
Zarrin-Kafsh (tribe)
Zarrin Kafsh also Zarrinkafsh (Persian: زرین کفش) is the name of a Kurdish tribe in Kurdistan Province of Iran which took part in the history of the Iranian Kurdistan Province especially the city of Sanandaj under the rule of the Ardalan princes. The families of Zarrinnaal and Zarrinkafsh belong to this tribe.

Sistan
Sistān (Persian: سیستان), also known as Sakastān (سَكستان, lit. 'the land of the Saka', current name: Zabol) and Sijistan (سِجِستان), is a historical region in south-eastern Iran, and extending across the borders of south-western Afghanistan, and south-western Pakistan. Mostly corresponding to the then Achaemenid region of Drangiana and extending southwards of the Helmand River not far off from the city of Alexandria in Arachosia. Largely desert, the region is bisected by the Helmand River, which empties into the Hamun Lake, located in Zabol, that forms part of the border between Iran and Afghanistan.
The Gong Show with Dave Attell
The Gong Show with Dave Attell was a short-lived revival of the 1970s Chuck Barris comedy game show called The Gong Show, hosted by comedian Dave Attell. The show premiered on July 17, 2008. It was produced by Adam Sandler's production company Happy Madison Productions and Sony Pictures Television.

Sony Pictures Television
Sony Pictures Television Inc. (abbreviated as SPT) is an American television production and distribution studio and the television arm of Sony Pictures Entertainment, the film studio subsidiary of Sony Group Corporation. Established on September 16, 2002 and based at the Sony Pictures Studios complex in Culver City, California, it is a renaming of the Columbia TriStar Television studio and the fourth and current iteration of what had originated as Columbia Pictures's television studio, Screen Gems.
Sparham Pools
Sparham Pools is a 12.2-hectare (30-acre) nature reserve south of Sparham in Norfolk. It is leased and managed by the Norfolk Wildlife Trust.

These former gravel pits are now pools which have several islands. Wildfowl include shoveler, gadwall, mallard and tufted duck. Sand martins and common kingfishers breed on the banks and common terns on the islands.

There is access from Lyng Road.

Tufted duck
The tufted duck (or tufted pochard) (Aythya fuligula) is a small diving duck with a population of nearly one million birds, found in northern Eurasia. They are partially migratory. The scientific name is derived from Ancient Greek aithuia, an unidentified seabird mentioned by authors such as Hesychius and Aristotle, and Latin fuligo 'soot' and gula 'throat'. It is a game bird.
Drainage system (agriculture)
An agricultural drainage system is a system by which water is drained on or in the soil to enhance agricultural production of crops. It may involve any combination of stormwater control, erosion control, and watertable control.

Crop
A crop is a plant or plant product harvested for human use. Crops are cultivated at scale to produce food, fiber, fuel, and other products. Crops have been central to human civilization since the first agricultural revolution, a key stage in the broader history of agriculture, when early societies domesticated plants for food and trade. Today, a small number of staple crops such as rice, wheat, maize, and sugarcane account for the majority of global production. Because of their economic importance, crops are studied within several scientific disciplines, including agronomy, agricultural science, horticulture, and forestry.
Gavrilovo-Posadsky District
Gavrilovo-Posadsky District (Russian: Гаври́лово-Поса́дский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 960 square kilometers (370 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Gavrilov Posad. Population: 12,669 (2021 Census); 17,591 (2010 Census); 20,430 (2002 Census); 23,334 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Gavrilov Posad accounts for 42.9% of the district's total population.

Ivanovo Oblast
Ivanovo Oblast (Russian: Ива́новская о́бласть, romanized: Ivanovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It had a population of 927,828 as of the 2021 Russian Census.

Its three largest cities are Ivanovo (the administrative center), Kineshma, and Shuya. The principal center of tourism is Plyos. The Volga River flows through the northern part of the oblast.
Coleophora squalorella
Coleophora squalorella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found from Fennoscandia to Austria, Croatia, Romania and Ukraine and from the Netherlands to the Baltic states. It is also known from the lower Volga and Ural regions of Russia and China. It occurs in steppe and semi-desert biotopes.

The wingspan is 12–14 mm (0.47–0.55 in). Adults are on wing in August.

The larvae feed on Chenopodium album, Chenopodium rubrum, Chenopodium murale and possibly Atriplex species. They feed on the generative organs of their host plant.

Chenopodium album
Chenopodium album is a fast-growing annual plant in the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae. Though cultivated in some regions, the plant is elsewhere considered a weed. Common names include lamb's quarters, melde, goosefoot, wild spinach and fat-hen, though several are also applied to other species of the genus Chenopodium, for which reason it is often distinguished as white goosefoot.
Rowena Davis
Rowena Geisreiter (née Davis; born 1964 or 1965) is a former New Zealand gymnast.

Davis represented her country at the 1978 Commonwealth Games in Edmonton, placing ninth in the women's individual all-around competition, and winning the bronze medal—alongside Lynette Brake, Kirsty Durward and Deborah Hurst—in the women's team all-around event. The following year, aged 14, Davis represented New Zealand at the world championships in Fort Worth, where her performance was good enough to earn selection in the New Zealand team for the 1980 Summer Olympics. However, she was unable to compete because of the partial boycott by New Zealand. Four years later, she qualified for the 1984 Summer Olympics, but was not included in the New Zealand team by the New Zealand Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association.

She lived in Dunedin, where she was a mountain biking coach and ran cycle skills programmes in local schools.

1979 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 20th Artistic Gymnastics World Championships were held in Fort Worth, United States, in 1979. In November 1977 the 55th FIG Congress, held in Rome, changed the cycle of world championships: since 1979 they were to be held each two years, and the pre-Olympic ones were to be qualifications for the Olympic tournament. The first 12 teams in the team competition of the 1979 World Championships were invited to participate in the 1980 Summer Olympics.

These were the first World Championships in artistic gymnastics to be held outside of Europe, and the first that China competed at since 1962 following a 1978 vote in which the International Gymnastics Federation voted to accept the People's Republic of China as a member.
Dokhona
Dokhona is the traditional attire of the Boro people, an indigenous ethnolinguistic community of Northeast India, primarily found in the Bodoland Territorial Region of Assam. It is a culturally significant garment that represents the identity, heritage, and artistic heritage of Boro women, worn during everyday life as well as on ceremonial and festive occasions.

Bodoland Territorial Region
The Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) is an autonomous division in Assam, India, in Northeast India. It is made up of five districts on the north bank of the Brahmaputra River below the foothills of Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh. It is administered by an elected body known as the Bodoland Territorial Council which came into existence under the terms of a peace agreement signed in February 2003 and its autonomy was further extended by an agreement signed in January 2020. The region covers an area of over nine thousand square kilometres and is predominantly inhabited by the Bodo people and other tribal communities of Assam.
Nilli Lavie
Nilli Lavie (Hebrew: נילי לביא) FBA, is an academic, psychologist, and neuroscientist with British-Israeli dual nationality.

A Professor of Psychology and Brain Sciences and Director of the  Attention and Cognitive Control laboratory at the University College London Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, she is an elected Fellow of the British Academy, American Psychological Society, Royal Society of Biology, and British Psychological Society.

An honorary life member of the UK Experimental Psychology Society, she is known for providing a resolution to the 40-year debate on the role of attention in information processing and as the creator of the Perceptual load theory of attention, perception and cognitive control.

Association for Psychological Science
The Association for Psychological Science (APS), previously the American Psychological Society, is an international non-profit organization whose mission is to promote, protect, and advance the interests of scientifically oriented psychology in research, application, teaching, and the improvement of human welfare. APS publishes several journals, holds an annual meeting, disseminates psychological science research findings to the general public, and works with policymakers to strengthen support for scientific psychology.
Venetian Left
Venetian Left refers to:

Venetian Left (Venetian: Sanca Veneta), a separatist social-democratic party founded in 2013;

Venetian Left (Italian: Sinistra Veneta), a communist party active from 2015 to 2017.

Venetian Left (2013)
Venetian Left (Venetian: Sanca Veneta, SV) is a social-democratic and green political party in Veneto, embracing pro-Europeanism, internationalism, as well as Venetian nationalism and separatism. Its first leaders were Matteo Visonà Dalla Pozza and Giovanni Masarà. Its current leaders are Antonella Muzzolon and Matteo Visonà Dalla Pozza.
The party is a member of the European Free Alliance Youth (EFAY).
Sione Tuʻipulotu
Sione Mone Tu'ipulotu (born 28 November 1976 in Ha'apai, Tonga) is a Tongan rugby union footballer. His usual position is at scrum-half, but he can also play as a fullback.

He played in Wales for Caerphilly RFC (2001–2003) and the Newport Gwent Dragons (2003–2006), before moving to Yokogawa in Japan.

Tu'ipulotu made his debut for Tonga against Wales on 16 November 1997, aged only 19. He played at two Rugby World Cup finals, in 1999 and 2007, earning two and four caps at the respective tournaments. He had 27 caps, with two tries and a drop goal scored, 13 points in aggregate, for Tonga, by the end of the competition.

Tonga national rugby union team
The Tonga national rugby union team (Tongan: timi feohi ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in men's international rugby union. The team is nicknamed ʻIkale Tahi (Sea Eagles) and is governed by the Tonga Rugby Union. Like their Polynesian neighbours, the Tongans precede their matches with a traditional challenge – the Sipi Tau. They are members of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance (PIRA) along with Fiji and Samoa. The Ikale Tahi achieved a historic 19–14 victory over France in the 2011 Rugby World Cup, but having lost to New Zealand and Canada, were unable to achieve what would have been their first-ever presence at the quarter-finals.
Daniel Sullivan (American football)
Daniel Sullivan is an American football coach. He served as the head football coach at Eureka College in Eureka, Illinois from 2005 to 2008, compiling a record of 5–30. Sullivan resigned as head football coach at Eureka in October 2008. A graduate of University High School in Normal, Illinois, Sullivan played college football at Loras College in Dubuque, Iowa. He earned a master's degree in sports administration from Illinois State University in 2001. Sullivan spent two seasons as co-defensive coordinator at the University of Chicago before he was hired at Eureka.

Illinois State University
Illinois State University (ISU) is a public research university in Normal, Illinois, United States. It was founded in 1857 as Illinois State Normal University and is the oldest public university in Illinois. It operates additional facilities in its twin city, Bloomington, and in Springfield.

The university emphasizes teaching and is recognized as one of the top ten largest producers of teachers in the US according to the American Association of Colleges of Teacher Education. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The university's athletic teams are members of the Missouri Valley Conference and the Missouri Valley Football Conference and are known as the "Redbirds," in reference to the state bird, the cardinal.
Vendiamorpha
Vendiamorpha is a class of extinct animals within the Ediacaran phylum Proarticulata.

The typical vendiamorph had an oval-shaped or round-shaped body divided completely into segmented isomers, that were arranged alternately in two rows with reference to the longitudinal axis of the body.

Isomer (Proarticulata)
Isomer (Greek isos = "equal", méros = "part") is an element of transverse body articulation of the bilateral fossil animals of the Phylum Proarticulata from the Ediacaran (Vendian) period. This term has been proposed by Andrey Yu. Ivantsov, a Russian paleontologist from the Laboratory of the Precambrian organisms, Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences.