hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stranded gas
Stranded gas is any natural gas field that has been discovered, but remains unusable for either physical or economic reasons.

Gas  found in an oil well is generally called associated gas rather than stranded gas, but some flared gases from oil wells are stranded gases that are unusable due to economic reasons.

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Parascaris equorum
Parascaris equorum is a species of ascarid that is the equine roundworm. Amongst horse owners, the parasites are colloquially called "Ascarids".  This is a host-specific helminth intestinal parasite that can infect horses, donkeys, and zebras. Horses up to six months of age are the most susceptible to infection. After this time, infection rates begin to decline and is extremely uncommon in horses over twelve months of age. It cannot infect humans or other animals. It is yellow-white in color, and females can become as large as 15 inches (38 cm) in length. Found worldwide, P. equorum is one of the most difficult equine parasites to kill, requiring larger doses of more powerful anthelmintic medications than are needed for other equine parasites.

Donkey
The donkey or ass is a domesticated equine. It derives from the African wild ass, Equus africanus, and may be classified either as a subspecies thereof, Equus africanus asinus, or as a separate species, Equus asinus.: 1  It was domesticated in Africa some 5000–7000 years ago,: 2 : 3715  and has been used mainly as a working animal since that time.

There are more than 40 million donkeys in the world, mostly in underdeveloped countries, where they are used principally as draught or pack animals. While working donkeys are often associated with those living at or below subsistence, small numbers of donkeys or asses are kept for breeding, as pets, and for livestock protection in developed countries.

An adult male donkey is a jack or jackass, an adult female is a jenny or jennet, and an immature donkey of either sex is a foal. Jacks are often mated with female horses (mares) to produce mules; the less common hybrid of a male horse (stallion) and jenny is a hinny.
Wakana Nagahara
Wakana Nagahara (永原 和可那, Nagahara Wakana; born 9 January 1996) is a Japanese badminton player. She is a two-time world champion in the women's doubles. Nagahara attended Aomori Yamada High School, and was part of the Japanese national junior team that won the bronze medals at the 2013, 2014 Asian and 2014 World Junior Championships. She won her first senior international title at the 2014 Smiling Fish International in the women's doubles event partnered with Mayu Matsumoto. In national events, she plays for the Hokuto Bank team. Nagahara was awarded as the 2018 Most Improved Player of the Year by the BWF together with her partner Mayu Matsumoto. They obtained the honour after winning the 2018 BWF World Championships title and improving their ranking from 14 to 3 in the world. On 30 April 2019, she reached a career high as the women's doubles world No. 1.

2013 Asian Junior Badminton Championships
The 2013 Asian Junior Badminton Championships is an Asia continental junior championships to crown the best U-19 badminton players across Asia. It was held in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia from 7–14 July 2013.
New Haven v. Thomas Hogg
New Haven v. Thomas Hogg was a criminal case which took place in New Haven Colony in 1647. Hogg was accused of bestiality when a neighbourhood sow gave birth to piglets that allegedly resembled him. Unlike several men and boys convicted of the crime and consequently hanged in the 1640s and ensuing decades, Hogg refused to confess, thus avoiding the death penalty. Called "the most interesting buggery case" ever, it left an enduring mark in the history of capital punishment.

Capital punishment in Connecticut
Capital punishment in Connecticut formerly existed as an available sanction for a criminal defendant upon conviction for the commission of a capital offense. Since the 1976 United States Supreme Court decision in Gregg v. Georgia until Connecticut repealed capital punishment in 2012, Connecticut had only executed one person, Michael Bruce Ross in 2005. Initially, the 2012 law allowed executions to proceed for those still on death row and convicted under the previous law, but on August 13, 2015, the Connecticut Supreme Court ruled that applying capital punishment only for past cases was unconstitutional.
St. John's Rehab Hospital
St. John's Rehab, part of Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, is solely dedicated to specialized rehabilitation. As the site of Canada's only dedicated organ transplant rehabilitation program and Ontario's only dedicated burn rehabilitation program, the hospital develops individually customized inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation services.

This 160-bed hospital in North York is fully affiliated with the University of Toronto and is a teaching site that receives students from many post-secondary institutions. Research is conducted in its specialty programs in partnership with other health care and provincial agencies.

The hospital was accredited by Accreditation Canada in 2009.

Massage
Massage is the rubbing or kneading of the body's soft tissues. Massage techniques are commonly applied with hands, fingers, elbows, knees, forearms, feet, or a device. The purpose of massage is generally for the treatment of body stress or pain. In English-speaking European countries, traditionally a person professionally trained to give massages is known by the gendered French loanwords masseur (male) or masseuse (female). In the United States, these individuals are often referred to as "massage therapists." In some provinces of Canada, they are called "registered massage therapists."

In professional settings, clients are treated while lying on a massage table, sitting in a massage chair, or lying on a mat on the floor. There are many different modalities in the massage industry, including (but not limited to): deep tissue, manual lymphatic drainage, medical, sports, structural integration, Swedish, Thai and trigger point.
Ullswater Way
The Ullswater Way is a 20-mile (32 km) waymarked walking route around Ullswater in the English Lake District. It was created by a partnership which included The Lake District National Park Authority, the National Trust, Eden District Council, and Ullswater 'Steamers' and was opened on 25 April 2016 by broadcaster and film-maker Eric Robson. The idea of a path circumnavigating the lake had been considered for many years, but the 2015 Cumbria floods which devastated the area gave an incentive for the completion of the project.

The path is recognised by the Long Distance Walkers Association.

The path's symbol, used for waymarking, has a picture of a daffodil; it was on the shore of Ullswater that William Wordsworth saw the flowers which inspired his well-known poem "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud", often known simply as "Daffodils".

Eric Robson
Eric Bell Robson   OBE DL  (born 31 December 1946) is a Scottish television broadcaster, author and documentary film maker who has lived for most of his life in Cumbria, where he has a sheep farm. For many years he was the main presenter of Brass Tacks.
Tjeldøya
Tjeldøya (Norwegian; Northern Sami: Dielddasuolu) is an island in Troms county, Norway. The 187-square-kilometre (72 sq mi) island is located entirely in Tjeldsund Municipality. North and west of the island lies the Tjeldsundet strait which separates it from the large island of Hinnøya; south of the island is the Ofotfjorden; and east of the island lies the Ramsundet strait which separates it from the mainland of Norway. Tjeldøya is connected to the mainland by the Ramsund Bridge, about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) south of the village of Hol.

Northern Sámi
Northern Sámi (or North Sámi; US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee; Northern Sami: davvisámegiella [ˈtavːiːˌsaːmeˌkie̯lːa]; Finnish: pohjoissaame [ˈpohjoi̯sˌsɑːme]; Norwegian: nordsamisk; Swedish: nordsamiska; disapproved exonym Lappish or Lapp) is the most widely spoken of all Sámi languages. The area where Northern Sámi is spoken covers the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
2009 International Rules Series
The 2009 International Rules Series (officially the 2009 Coca-Cola International Rules Series) was to have been the 15th International Rules Series football competition.

On 28 July 2009 the Australian Football League (AFL) informed the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) that due to economic conditions in Australia they would not be travelling to Ireland for the series in October. GAA President Christy Cooney and Ireland's international rules team manager Seán Boylan both expressed their disappointment at the AFL's decision. The AFL committed in writing that it would travel to Ireland for the series in 2010, and the Gaelic Grounds and Croke Park would host those two games.

Great Recession in Oceania
The Great Recession in Oceania  was the great recession of the late 2000s and early 2010s in Oceania. The Oceanic countries suffered minimal impact during this time, in comparison with the impact that North America and Europe felt.
Bay of Puck
The Bay of Puck or Puck Bay (Polish: Zatoka Pucka; Kashubian: Pùckô Hôwinga; German: Putziger Wiek), is a shallow western branch of the Bay of Gdańsk in the southern Baltic Sea, off the shores of Gdańsk Pomerania, Poland. It is separated from the open sea by the Hel Peninsula.

The bay has an average depth of 2 m (7 ft) to 6 m (20 ft). There is a shallow sand-bank from Rewa to Kuźnica in the middle of Hel Peninsula. The bay is available only for small fishing boats and yachts, which have to stick to the strict deeper routes. There are deposits of potassium salt below the Bay of Puck. The main ports are Puck, Jastarnia, and Hel.

The name has nothing to do with the sport of ice hockey. In Polish the word "puck" doesn't mean anything, and the sport is popular only in the southern part of the country, opposite to the coast.

Location along Baltic Sea coast

Bay of Puck and Hel Peninsula as seen from Landsat satellite in 2000

Towns of Puck Bay and Hel Peninsula

Hel, Poland
Hel (Kashubian: Hél; German: Hela) is a seaside resort city in Puck County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, located on the tip of the Hel Peninsula, some 33 kilometres (21 miles) from the Polish mainland.
Hasse–Davenport relation
The Hasse–Davenport relations, introduced by Davenport and  Hasse (1935), are two related identities for Gauss sums, one called the Hasse–Davenport lifting relation, and the other called the Hasse–Davenport product relation. The Hasse–Davenport lifting relation is an equality in number theory relating Gauss sums over different fields. Weil (1949) used it to calculate the zeta function of a Fermat hypersurface over a finite field, which motivated the Weil conjectures.

Gauss sums are analogues of the gamma function over finite fields, and the Hasse–Davenport product relation is the analogue of Gauss's multiplication formula

In fact the Hasse–Davenport product relation follows from the analogous multiplication formula for p-adic gamma functions together with the Gross–Koblitz formula  of Gross & Koblitz (1979).

Finite field
In mathematics, a finite field or Galois field (so-named in honor of Évariste Galois) is a field that has a finite number of elements.  As with any field, a finite field is a set on which the operations of multiplication, addition, subtraction and division are defined and satisfy certain basic rules.  The most common examples of finite fields are the integers mod  when  is a prime number.

The order of a finite field is its number of elements, which is either a prime number or a prime power. For every prime number  and every positive integer  there are fields of order . All finite fields of a given order are isomorphic.

Finite fields are fundamental in a number of areas of mathematics and computer science, including number theory, algebraic geometry, Galois theory, finite geometry, cryptography and coding theory.
Mount Norvegia
Mount Norvegia (67°51′S 48°8′E﻿ / ﻿67.850°S 48.133°E﻿ / -67.850; 48.133) is a large ice-covered mountain, 1,340 m, standing 6 nautical miles (11 km) north of Mount Christensen, Enderby Land. It was plotted from air photos taken by ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) aircraft in 1956 and 1957 and was named after the Norwegian exploration ship, Norvegia, which was off Enderby Land in December 1929-January 1930.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Norvegia". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Enderby Land
Enderby Land is a projecting landmass of Antarctica. Its shore extends from Shinnan Glacier at about 67°55′S 44°38′E﻿ / ﻿67.917°S 44.633°E﻿ / -67.917; 44.633 to William Scoresby Bay at 67°24′S 59°34′E﻿ / ﻿67.400°S 59.567°E﻿ / -67.400; 59.567, approximately 1⁄24 of the earth's longitude. It was first documented in western and eastern literature in February 1831 by John Biscoe aboard the whaling brig Tula, and named after the Enderby Brothers of London, the ship's owners who encouraged their captains to combine exploration with sealing.
Ipande (Manyoni ward)
Ipande is an administrative ward in the Manyoni District of the Singida Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 11,017 people in the ward, from 10,040 in 2012.

National Bureau of Statistics (Tanzania)
The National Bureau of Statistics is a branch of the Government of Tanzania which has the mandate to provide official statistics to the Government of Tanzania, business community and the public at large. It is based in Dodoma and obtains a wide range of economic, social and demographic statistics about the country. The bureau compiled data on every village in Tanzania for the censuses of 2002, 2012 and 2022, but also provides the results of the previous censuses of 1967, 1978 and 1988.
Mainstream hardcore
Mainstream hardcore, mainstyle or nu style gabber is a subgenre of hardcore techno. The essence of mainstream hardcore sound is a distorted bass drum sound, overdriven to the point where it becomes clipped into a distorted square wave and makes a recognizably melodic tone.

Often the Roland Alpha Juno or the kick from a Roland TR-909 was used to create this sound. Mainstream hardcore tracks typically include samples and synthesized melodies with the typical tempo ranging from 165 to 180 bpm. Violence, drugs and profanity are common themes in mainstream hardcore, perceptible through its samples and lyrics, often screamed, pitch shifted, or distorted.

Square wave (waveform)
A square wave is  a non-sinusoidal periodic waveform in which the amplitude alternates at a steady frequency between fixed minimum and maximum values, with the same duration at minimum and maximum. In an ideal square wave, the transitions between minimum and maximum are instantaneous.

The square wave is a special case of a pulse wave which allows arbitrary durations at minimum and maximum amplitudes. The ratio of the high period to the total period of a pulse wave is called the duty cycle. A true square wave has a 50% duty cycle (equal high and low periods).

Square waves are often encountered in electronics and signal processing, particularly digital electronics and digital signal processing. Its stochastic counterpart is a two-state trajectory.
Central American Road Network
Central American Road Network is a series of international roads connecting the seven Central American countries of Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. The network is important to trade throughout the region and the daily lives of the inhabitants. The network is made of the national roads of each country, rural roads, and the Pan-American Highway.

Central America contains more than 148,000 kilometers (91,963 miles) of road, 6,525 kilometers (4,054 miles) of which are a part of the Central American road network. The network faces many problems including the lack of safety, modernity, and maintenance due to low funding for the network. As of 2025 the Central American Bank for Economic Integration approved funding for projects in the region that modernize the network, including a 2035 master plan which was worked on in collaboration with the Central American Integration System, Japan International Cooperation Agency, and other organizations.

Japan International Cooperation Agency
The Japan International Cooperation Agency (Japanese: 独立行政法人国際協力機構, romanized: dokuritsu gyōseihōjin kokusai kyōryoku kikō), also known as JICA, is a governmental agency that delivers the bulk of Official Development Assistance (ODA) for the government of Japan. It is chartered with assisting economic and social growth in developing countries and promoting international cooperation. According to the OECD, Japan's total official development assistance (ODA) (US$17.5 billion, grant-equivalent methodology, preliminary data) increased in 2022 due to an increase in its bilateral lending, which included support to Ukraine. ODA represented 0.39% of gross national income (GNI). The OECD's Development Assistance Committee published a peer review of Japan's development cooperation in October 2020. JICA was led by Shinichi Kitaoka, the former President of the International University of Japan, from 2015 to 2022. On 1 April 2022, Professor Akihiko Tanaka assumed the presidency.
Operation Valentine (film)
Operation Valentine is a 2024 Indian action drama film based on the 2019 Pulwama Attack  and the retaliatory Balakot Air Strikes of 2019 by the Indian Air Force directed by Shakti Pratap Singh Hada, in his directorial debut, and produced by Sony Pictures Films India and Sandeep Mudda, with co-production by God Bless Entertainment and Nandkumar Abbineni. It was shot simultaneously in Telugu and Hindi. It stars Varun Tej, Manushi Chhillar, and Mir Sarwar with Navdeep in a cameo appearance. It marks the Hindi film debut of Tej and the Telugu film debut for Chhillar. The film was released in theaters worldwide on 1 March 2024 to mixed reviews from critics and audiences.

Navdeep
Navdeep Pallapolu (born 26 January 1986) is an Indian actor and television personality who predominantly appears in Telugu films. He made his film debut in 2004 with the patriotic sports drama Jai. His notable works include Arinthum Ariyamalum (2005), Gowtam SSC (2005), Chandamama (2007), Arya 2 (2009), Ice Cream (2014), and Dhandoraa (2025).

Navdeep is prominent in the television industry, finishing as a finalist in the first season of reality TV show Bigg Boss. He hosted the game shows Super and Tollywood Squares and was a judge on the comedy show Adhirindi.
Acadiana Regional Airport
Acadiana Regional Airport (IATA: ARA, ICAO: KARA, FAA LID: ARA) is a public use airport in Iberia Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is owned by Iberia Parish, managed by the Iberia Parish Airport Authority and is located four nautical miles (7 km) northwest of the central business district of New Iberia, Louisiana near U.S. 90 (future Interstate 49).

From 1960 to 1965 it was operated by the U.S. Navy as Naval Auxiliary Air Station New Iberia as an advanced flight training base with Training Squadron Twenty Seven (VT-27) as the principal assigned unit. VT-27 operated TS-2A Tracker aircraft, modified versions of the Grumman S-2 Tracker with antisubmarine warfare (ASW) equipment removed and converted for use as multi-piston engine trainers. NAAS New Iberia was closed in 1965 when VT-27 was reassigned to NAS Corpus Christi, Texas and control of the airfield reverted to the local civilian government.

Iberia Parish, Louisiana
Iberia Parish (French: Paroisse de l'Ibérie, Spanish: Parroquia de Iberia) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 69,929; the parish seat is New Iberia.

The parish was formed in 1868 during the Reconstruction era and named for Iberia. It is part of the 22-parish Acadiana region of the state, with a large Francophone population. Some of its ethnic French residents had ancestors who settled here after being expelled in the 18th century by the British from Acadia in present-day Canada. Historically, it has also been a center for sugar cane cultivation and produces the most sugar of any parish in the state.

Iberia Parish is part of the Lafayette metropolitan area. The Port of Iberia has a waterway with access to the Gulf Coast.
Monster-Mania Con
Monster-Mania Con is a semi-annual horror film and memorabilia fan convention held in the United States, operating since 2003. It is focused on guest panels, where attendees of the convention can meet actors, primarily ones who have acted in horror films. It is a three-day event held at the DoubleTree Hotel (formerly Crowne Plaza and later Cherry Hill Hotel) in Cherry Hill, New Jersey, Hilton Baltimore Inner Harbor Hotel in Baltimore, Maryland, and Greater Philadelphia Expo Center in Oaks, Pennsylvania.

Greater Philadelphia Expo Center
The Greater Philadelphia Expo Center at Oaks is an exhibition center located in Oaks, Pennsylvania. It has five adjoining exhibit halls, 9 meeting rooms, two small food courts, and a total area of over 240,000 square feet on one floor. It is among the largest suburban exposition centers on the East Coast of the United States.

Oaks, Pennsylvania is approximately 7 miles (11 km) northwest of King of Prussia via the Pottstown Expressway (U.S. Route 422).
N. R. Pogson
Norman Robert Pogson, CIE (23 March 1829 – 23 June 1891) was an English astronomer who worked in India at the Madras observatory. He discovered several minor planets and made observations on comets. He introduced a mathematical scale of stellar magnitudes with the ratio of two successive magnitudes being the fifth root of one hundred (~2.512) and referred to as Pogson's ratio.

Radcliffe Observatory
Radcliffe Observatory was the astronomical observatory of the University of Oxford from 1773 until 1934, when the Radcliffe Trustees sold it and built a new observatory in Pretoria, South Africa. It is a Grade I listed building. Today, the building forms part of Green Templeton College of the University of Oxford.
Cornelia Supera
Gaia Cornelia Supera (died after 253 AD) was the empress of Rome and the wife of Emperor Aemilian.

Nothing is known about her life, except from numismatic evidence. Her full name on the coins is C[AIA] CORNEL[IA] SVPERA AVG[VSTA], or alternatively CORNEL[IA] SVPERA AVG[VSTA] or COR[NELIA] SVPERA AV[GVSTA]. Her coins are extremely rare. Her name and monuments were condemned after Valerian was hailed as emperor in October of 253.

Numismatics
Numismatics is the study or collection of currency,  including coins, tokens, paper money, medals, and related objects.

Specialists, known as numismatists, are often characterized as students or collectors of coins, but the discipline also includes the broader study of money and other means of payment used to resolve debts and exchange goods.

The earliest forms of money used by people are categorised by collectors as "odd and curious", but the use of other goods in barter exchange is excluded, even where used as a circulating currency (e.g., cigarettes or instant noodles in prison). As an example, the Kyrgyz people used horses as the principal currency unit, and gave small change in lambskins; the lambskins may be suitable for numismatic study, but the horses are not. Many objects have been used for centuries, such as cowry shells, precious metals, cocoa beans, large stones, and gems.