hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Downhill railway station
Downhill railway station served the hamlet of Downhill in County Londonderry in Northern Ireland.

The Londonderry and Coleraine Railway opened the station on 18 July 1853. A station building and adjacent station house was erected in 1874 to designs by the architect John Lanyon.

It closed on 3 September 1973.

Downhill, County Londonderry
Downhill is a small village and townland near Castlerock in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is situated within Causeway Coast and Glens district. It was visited by the Lewis brothers (Warren and C.S. Lewis) in their childhood, when, in July 1901, their nurse took them for a visit while on a holiday in Castlerock.

Downhill Strand runs along the coast between Benone Strand and the cliffs immediately beneath Mussenden Temple. Downhill Burn flows from the hills above Downhill, flowing through the village of Downhill and crossing under the main road and under the railway, flowing on across Downhill Strand and emptying directly into the Atlantic Ocean. Sometimes, all of Benone Strand is referred to as Downhill Strand.
The Rebel Girl
"The Rebel Girl" is a song written or completed by Joe Hill in 1915.: 287  The song was published in the Little Red Songbook of the Industrial Workers of the World, and as sheet music in 1915.  It is said that Hill wrote the song for IWW orator Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, claimed and proven by Gurley Flynn herself in her memoir. (It has also been claimed that it was inspired by Katie Phar and Agnes Fair.: 290 )

The song was recorded with modernized lyrics by Hazel Dickens on the 1990 Smithsonian Folkways album Don't Mourn, Organize! Songs of Labor Songwriter Joe Hill.

Hill sent copies of the sheet music with his own art work to both Flynn and the Scandinavian Propaganda League.  The IWW used cover art by Arthur Machia in their printed version of the sheet music.: 290–292

Hazel Dickens
Hazel Jane Dickens (June 1, 1925[a] – April 22, 2011) was an American bluegrass singer, songwriter, double bassist, guitarist and banjo player. Her music was characterized not only by her high, lonesome singing style, but also by her provocative pro-union, feminist songs. Cultural blogger John Pietaro noted that "Dickens didn’t just sing the anthems of labor, she lived them and her place on many a picket line, staring down gunfire and goon squads, embedded her into the cause." The New York Times extolled her as "a clarion-voiced advocate for coal miners and working people and a pioneer among women in bluegrass music." With Alice Gerrard, Dickens was one of the first women to record a bluegrass album. She was posthumously inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame alongside Gerrard in 2017.
Leelanau Scenic Heritage Route
The Leelanau Scenic Heritage Route is a Pure Michigan Byway on the Leelanau Peninsula in Leelanau County in the US state of Michigan that follows three different highways:

M-22 around the shoreline of the peninsula between the Benzie–Leelanau county line south of Empire and Traverse City;

M-109 through the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore; and

M-204 between M-22 at Leland and Suttons Bay.

M-204 (Michigan highway)
M-204 is a state trunkline highway that runs across the Leelanau Peninsula between Leland and Suttons Bay in the northwestern Lower Peninsula of the US state of Michigan. The trunkline runs through a rural section of Leelanau County, connecting two villages with the county seat. Originally a gravel road in 1933, it was later paved within the first three years of existence. Segments were realigned to straighten curves in the late 1930s and early 1970s near the villages of Lake Leelanau and Suttons Bay.
Dan Yakir
Dan Yakir (Hebrew: דן יקיר; born June 23, 1953) is an Israeli Ecophysiologist and a Professor in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at the Weizmann Institute of Science. Yakir is a 2019 recipient of the Israel Prize for Research in Geology, Earth Sciences and Atmospheric Sciences.

Ecophysiology
Ecophysiology (from Greek οἶκος, oikos, "house(hold)"; φύσις, physis, "nature, origin"; and -λογία, -logia), environmental physiology or physiological ecology is a biological discipline that studies the response of an organism's physiology to environmental conditions.  It is closely related to comparative physiology and evolutionary physiology. Ernst Haeckel's coinage bionomy is sometimes employed as a synonym.
Acacia desmondii
Acacia desmondii, commonly known as Des Nelson wattle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the Northern Territory in Australia. It is a shrubby tree with minni ritchi bark, linear flattened, glabrous phyllodes, spikes of light golden yellow flowers and oblong to elliptic, firmly papery and brittle pods.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
Rhacel Parreñas
Rhacel Salazar Parreñas (born February 13, 1971) is Doris Stevens Professor of Sociology and Gender and Sexuality Studies at Princeton University. She previously taught at the University of Southern California, Brown University, the University of California, Davis and the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Stanford University Press
Stanford University Press (SUP) is the publishing house of Stanford University. It is one of the oldest academic presses in the United States and the first university press to be established on the West Coast. It is currently a member of the Association of University Presses. The press publishes 130 books per year across the humanities, social sciences, and business and has more than 3,500 titles in print.
Cecil Clarke
Cecil Phillip Clarke (born April 12, 1968) is a politician in Nova Scotia, Canada. He has been the mayor of the Cape Breton Regional Municipality since 2024, and previously served as mayor from 2012 to 2020. He also represented the riding of Cape Breton North in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly, from 2001 to 2011 as a Progressive Conservative.

Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia
The Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia, more commonly known as the Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia, is a political party in Nova Scotia, Canada. Like most conservative parties in Atlantic Canada, it has been historically associated with the Red Tory faction of Canadian conservatism. The party is currently led by Pictou East MLA Tim Houston. The party won a majority government in the 2021 provincial election. He called a snap election in 2024, increasing his party's majority mandate. The Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia and the Conservative Party of Canada are two separate entities.
Five-Two Television
Five-Two Television is the sixth studio album by KJ-52. Released September 22, 2009 on BEC Recordings. The first single, "End of My Rope", was made available on iTunes on July 28, 2009. KJ-52 has released a few mixtapes already – some mash-ups and some unreleased material – and planned to release more until the release of Five-Two Television. Along with the purchase of Five-Two Television, there was a free download of a mixtape collaboration between KJ-52 and Goldinchild. KJ-52 has stated that he encourages the sharing of this mixtape for evangelistic purposes. The Auto-Tune effect is used frequently throughout this album, a first for KJ-52, although on most of the songs it is used, like "Tweezy Dance" or "Adventures of Tweezyman", the Auto-Tune is used as a joke. This album won "Rap/Hip Hop Album of the Year" at the 2010 Dove Awards. It is a concept album about the fictional character Chris Carlino.

Auto-Tune
Auto-Tune is audio processor software released on September 19, 1997, by the American company Antares Audio Technologies. It uses a proprietary device to measure and correct pitch in music. It operates on different principles from the vocoder or talk box and produces different results. Auto-Tune can be used in both post-production music mixing and in real-time live performances.

Auto-Tune was initially intended to disguise or correct off-key inaccuracies, allowing vocal tracks to be perfectly tuned. Cher's 1998 song "Believe" popularized the use of Auto-Tune to deliberately distort vocals, a technique that became known as the "Cher effect". It has since been used by many artists in different genres, including Daft Punk, Radiohead, T-Pain and Kanye West. In 2018, the music critic Simon Reynolds felt that Auto-Tune had "revolutionized popular music", calling its use for effects "the fad that just wouldn't fade. Its use is now more entrenched than ever."
YF-1
The YF-1 was a Chinese liquid rocket engine burning N2O4 and UDMH in a gas generator cycle. It is a basic engine which when mounted in a four engine module forms the YF-2. It was used as the basis for developing a high altitude version known as the YF-3.

Some authors state that it was a direct copy of С.2.1100/С.2.1150 La-350 booster engine developed by Isayev OKB-2 (NII-88). What is known is that the engine development had great trouble with combustion instabilities and it took a long time to have a reliable combustion.

Burya
The Burya ("Storm" in Russian; Russian: Буря) was a supersonic, intercontinental cruise missile, developed by the Lavochkin design bureau (chief designer Naum Semyonovich Chernyakov) under designation La-350 (Ла-350) from 1954 until the program cancellation in February 1960.: 300  The request for proposal issued by the Soviet government in 1954, called for a cruise missile capable of delivering a nuclear payload to the United States. Analogous developments in the United States were the SM-62 Snark and SM-64 Navaho cruise missiles, particularly the latter, which used parallel technology and had similar performance goals.
Karmabai
Karma Bai (20 August 1615 - 30 November 1702), also known as Bhakt Shiromani Karma Bai, was a devotee of Lord Krishna, an incarnation of Vishnu, from the village of Kalwa in Nagaur district, Rajasthan in 17th century. Karmabai is celebrated in Hinduism for her piety and the miraculous events associated with her offerings to Krishna. Her legacy is commemorated in Puri, Odisha, where she is said to have spent her later years and where her samadhi (memorial shrine) is revered during the Jagannath Rath Yatra.

Jats
The Jat people (Hindi: [dʒaːʈ], Punjabi: [dʒəʈː]), also spelt Jaat and Jatt, are a traditionally agricultural caste in Northern India and Pakistan. Originally pastoralists in the lower Indus river-valley of Sindh, many Jats migrated north into the Punjab region in late medieval times, and subsequently into the Delhi Territory, northeastern Rajputana, and the western Gangetic Plain in the 17th and 18th centuries. Of Hindu, Muslim and Sikh faiths, they are now found mostly in the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan and the Pakistani regions of Sindh, Punjab and AJK.

By the 20th century, the landowning Jats became an influential group in several parts of North India, including Punjab, Western Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi. Over the years, several Jats abandoned agriculture in favour of urban jobs, and used their dominant economic and political status to claim higher social status.
Neustadt an der Waldnaab
Neustadt an der Waldnaab (German pronunciation: [ˈnɔʏʃtat ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈvaltˌnaːp] ⓘ; Bavarian: Neistodt an da Woidnaab; both lit. 'New Town on the Waldnaab', in contrast to "Old Town on the Waldnaab") is a municipality in Bavaria, Germany, and county seat of the district Neustadt an der Waldnaab.

Bavarian language
Bavarian (Boarisch or Bairisch; German: Bayrisch [ˈbaɪʁɪʃ] ⓘ), alternately Austro-Bavarian, is a group of Upper German varieties spoken in the south-east of the German language area, including the German state of Bavaria, most of Austria, and South Tyrol in Italy. Prior to 1945, Bavarian was also prevalent in parts of the southern Sudetenland and western Hungary. Bavarian is spoken by approximately 12 million people in an area of around 125,000 square kilometres (48,000 sq mi), making it the largest of all German dialects. In 2008, 45 percent of Bavarians claimed to use only dialect in everyday communication.
Moscow Student Conference on Linguistics
The Moscow Student Conference on Linguistics (MSCL) is an annual student linguistic conference, which started in 2006. It was first held at the Moscow State University, and since then it has grown to be one of the major conferences on formal linguistics in Russia. The aim of the conference is to give young researchers an opportunity to present their work, exchange ideas and receive feedback from more experienced colleagues.

Talks are solicited from all areas of theoretical linguistics including Phonology, Morphology, Syntax and Semantics. Only abstracts from students (i.e., those not having defended a PhD by the submission deadline) are considered.

MSCL often has a key topic (e.g. Perspectives on the Syntax-Semantics Interface in 2008, Scrambling, Free Word Order and Related Phenomena in 2010). Abstracts on the announced key topic are especially encouraged, though other abstracts are given equal consideration.

Phonology
Phonology (formerly also phonemics or phonematics) is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages systematically organize their phonemes or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs. The term can also refer specifically to the sound or sign system of a particular language variety. At one time, the study of phonology related only to the study of the systems of phonemes in spoken languages, but now it may relate to any linguistic analysis either:

Sign languages have a phonological system equivalent to the system of sounds in spoken languages. The building blocks of signs are specifications for movement, location, and handshape. At first, a separate terminology was used for the study of sign phonology ("chereme" instead of "phoneme", etc.), but the concepts are now considered to apply universally to all human languages.
LitePoint
LitePoint is a wireless test company. The company’s hardware and software can be used to verify quality of wireless connectivity in smartphones, tablets, PCs, wireless access points and chipsets across WLAN and cellular technologies, including 5G, Bluetooth, Low Power Wide Area (LPWAN), NFC, Wi-Fi 6, Wi-Fi 6E, UWB, V2X and Zigbee. LitePoint claims it works with all of the leading chipset companies.

The company is headquartered in San Jose, California, with additional offices. LitePoint is a wholly owned subsidiary of Teradyne, a developer and supplier of automatic test equipment (ATE).

Wireless LAN
A wireless LAN (WLAN) is a wireless computer network that links two or more devices using wireless communication to form a local area network (LAN) within a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, campus, or office building. This gives users the ability to move around within the area and remain connected to the network. Through a gateway, a WLAN can also provide a connection to the wider Internet.

Wireless LANs based on the IEEE 802.11 standards are the most widely used computer networks in the world. These are commonly called Wi-Fi, which is a trademark belonging to the Wi-Fi Alliance. They are used for home and small office networks that link together laptop computers, printers, smartphones, Web TVs and gaming devices through a wireless network router, which in turn may link them to the Internet. Hotspots provided by routers at restaurants, coffee shops, hotels, libraries, and airports allow consumers to access the internet with portable wireless devices.
Leopold Caro
Leopold Caro (1864–1939) was a Polish historical school economist, international sociologist working with Gustav von Schmoller's Verein für Socialpolitik (VfS), and a lawyer. Caro functioned as an advocate for rights of oversea migrants and the establishment of economic cooperatives. Broadly conceived, he was a conservative symphatizer of the Sanation movement in Polish interwar politics, especially of its technocratic wing under Kazimierz Bartel, while he also maintained some contact with Narodowa Demokracja. First and foremost, Leopold Caro acted as a Catholic economist, who had strong ties with the church hierarchy and Catholic institutions. He is largely seen as a proponent of etatism, though he was a vocal critic as well as in-depth researcher of both National socialism and Soviet communism. He was a Jewish convert to Christianity of distant Sephardic origin who became a staunch anti-Semite.

Statism
In political science, statism or etatism (from French, état 'state') is the doctrine that the political authority of the state is legitimate to some degree. This may include economic and social policy, especially in regard to taxation and the means of production.

While in use since the 1850s, the term statism gained significant usage in American political discourse throughout the 1930s and 1940s. Opposition to statism is termed anti-statism or anarchism. The latter is usually characterized by a complete rejection of all hierarchical rulership.
Skotnica, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Skotnica [skɔtˈnit͡sa] (German: Schäfereivorwerk) is a settlement within the sołectwo of Stare Objezierze in Gmina Moryń, Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) west of the municipal centre Moryń and 44 km (27 mi) south of Gryfino. It is the settlement with the lowest population in the Gmina Moryń. The majority of the settlements' territory is covered by the German-operated Reiterhof Podkowa.

Moryń
Moryń ([ˈmɔrɨɲ], German: Mohrin) is a town in Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northwestern Poland. Situated near the German border, it possesses an old town with a medieval street layout surrounded by well-preserved defensive walls and gates dating back to the early 14th century.
Chile at the 2025 Junior Pan American Games
Chile is competing at the 2025 Junior Pan American Games in Asunción, Paraguay, from 9 to 23 August 2025.

The flag bearers for the opening ceremony will be field hockey player Laura Müller and rower Rodrigo Paz.

2025 Junior Pan American Games
The 2025 Junior Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos Junior 2025), also named Asu 2025, were the second edition of the Junior Pan American Games, an international multi-sports event for athletes aged 17 to 22 in the Americas, organized by Panam Sports. It was held in Asunción, Paraguay between August 9 and 23, 2025. It was the first time that the Pan American Games, either senior or junior, took place in Paraguay.
Rhinogobius aporus
Rhinogobius aporus is a species in the goby subfamily Gobionellinae endemic to China. It was first described as Pseudorhinogobius aporus, but that genus has been brought into synonymy with Rhinogobius.

Gobionellinae
The Gobionellinae are a subfamily of fish which was formerly classified in the family Gobiidae, the gobies, but the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World classifies the subfamily as part of the family Oxudercidae. Members of Gobionellinae mostly inhabit estuarine and freshwater habitats; the main exception is the genus Gnatholepis, which live with corals in marine environments. The subfamily is distributed in tropical and temperate regions around the world with the exception of the northeastern Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Ponto-Caspian region.

Fossil records are known from the Middle Miocene of Europe.

It includes around 542 species and 76 genera:
Nybro Municipality
Nybro Municipality (Swedish: Nybro kommun) is a municipality in Kalmar County, south-eastern Sweden, with its seat in the town Nybro.

The amalgamation of the City of Nybro (instituted in 1932) with its surrounding municipalities took place in 1969.

The municipality was inhabited by a few hundred people until the railways came in the late 19th century, and the town Nybro was in its location between Kalmar on the east coast and Gothenburg on the west coast; later also on the railway from Kalmar and Malmö in the south-west. Until then Nybro mostly consisted of minor industries, including a match factory, marked by its traditionally Småland forest nature, largely unsuitable for agriculture.

Nybro Municipality is in the eastern part of the "Kingdom of Crystal" area (Swedish: Glasriket), that covers a total of four municipalities.

Småland
Småland (Swedish: [ˈsmǒːland] ⓘ) is a historical province (landskap) in southern Sweden.
Småland borders Blekinge, Scania, Halland, Västergötland, Östergötland and the island Öland in the Baltic Sea. The name Småland literally means "small lands", referring to many small historic provinces from which it was composed. The Latinized form Smolandia has been used in other languages. The highest point in Småland is Tomtabacken, at 377 metres (1,237 ft). In terms of total area, Småland is similar in size to Belgium.
Stig Lundholm
Stig Gustav Lundholm (14 November 1917 – 19 May 2009) was a Swedish chess master.

Lundholm was born in Luleå, Sweden. He won at Stockholm 1942, tied with Folke Ekström, ahead of both Gösta Stoltz and Erik Lundin, took second place behind Ekström at Stockholm 1943/44, and won at Lidköping 1944 (Swedish Chess Championship) ahead of Paul Keres. He was the Swedish correspondence chess champion in 1948 and received the chess title of International Master of Correspondence Chess in 1983.

Correspondence chess
Correspondence chess is chess played by various forms of long-distance correspondence, traditionally through the postal system. Today it is usually played through a correspondence chess server, a public internet chess forum, or email. Less common methods that have been employed include fax, homing pigeon and phone. It is in contrast to over-the-board (OTB) chess, where the players sit at a physical chessboard at the same time; and most online chess, where the players play each other in real time over the internet. However, correspondence chess can also be played online.

Correspondence chess allows people or clubs who are geographically distant to play one another without meeting in person. The length of a game played by correspondence can vary depending on the method used to transmit moves: a game played via a server or by email might last no more than a few days, weeks, or months; a game played by post between players in different countries might last several years.
Galimdzhan Khayrulin
Galimdzhan Mikhailovich Khayrulin (Russian: Галимджан Михайлович Хайрулин; last name also spelled Khayrullin according to some sources; born 27 May 1974) is a Russian football manager and a former player. He is the general director of FC Shinnik Yaroslavl.

FC Shinnik Yaroslavl
FC Shinnik Yaroslavl (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Шинник» Ярославль) is a Russian football club, based in Yaroslavl.

From 1957 to 1960 the team was called Khimik (Russian: Химик - "the chemist"). In 1961, the club became affiliated with the Yaroslavl Tyre Factory, accordingly changing its name and logo (a football inside a tyre) until the 1990s.

In the USSR championships, the team has played 1346 matches (523 wins, 376 draws, 447 defeats), with a goal difference of 1652:1499 (+153).