hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ludlow Village Historic District (Ludlow, Massachusetts)
The Ludlow Village Historic District encompasses part of a historic mill village, and the economic center of the town of Ludlow, Massachusetts beginning in the later years of the 19th century.  The area started to take over from Ludlow Center as the center of economic importance with the arrival of jute mills on the Chicopee River. The district is roughly bounded by Winsor, Sewall and State Sts. and the Chicopee River.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

Chicopee River
The Chicopee River is an 18.0-mile-long (29.0 km) tributary of the Connecticut River in the Pioneer Valley, Massachusetts, known for fast-moving water and its extraordinarily large basin: the Connecticut River's largest tributary basin. The Chicopee River originates in a Palmer, Massachusetts village called Three Rivers as a confluence of the Ware, Quaboag and Swift rivers. It passes through Wilbraham, Ludlow, and the Indian Orchard neighborhood of Springfield.

After forming the border between Springfield and Chicopee, Massachusetts for a short distance, the river then flows in a sharply curving path through the city of Chicopee and into the Connecticut River. (Chicopee was part of Springfield until 1848.)
Salon des Réalités Nouvelles
The Salon des Réalités Nouvelles is an association of artists and an art exhibition in Paris, focusing on abstract art.

A first exhibition with the name was held in 1939 in Galerie Charpentier, organised by Robert Delaunay, Sonia Delaunay, Nelly van Doesburg and Fredo Sidès.

In 1946 the Salon was officially established as a successor to Abstraction-Création by Fredo Sidès, and its first board included Jean Arp, Sonia Delaunay and Albert Gleizes as members. Sidès was chairman until his death in 1953.

Over the years the exhibition has been held at several locations. From 2004 to 2020 it has been held at the Parc Floral de Paris in Vincennes, showing paintings, sculpture and photography by over 350 artists each year.

Vincennes
Vincennes (/vɪnˈsɛnz, væ̃ˈsɛn/; French: [vɛ̃sɛn] ⓘ) is a commune in the Val-de-Marne department in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 6.7 km (4.2 mi) from the centre of Paris. Vincennes is famous for its castle: the Château de Vincennes. It is next to but does not include the Bois de Vincennes, from which it took its name, which is attached to the city of Paris.
Stam
STAM can refer to:

Ghent City Museum (in Dutch: Stadsmuseum Gent)

Signal transducing adaptor molecule, a human gene

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, an open access journal in materials science

Sparse totally anti-magic square, a type of Antimagic square

UGM-89 Perseus, a cancelled U.S. Navy submarine-launched anti-ship and anti-submarine guided missile system known as Submarine TActical Missile

Surface-to-air missile, otherwise spelt as Surface To Air Missile

Stam can refer to:

Stam (surname)

Chocolaterie Stam in the Netherlands and the Midwestern United States

Ktav Stam, Jewish traditional writing

Sofer stam, a scribe of Jewish religious books

Stam (film),  a 2020 South African Afrikaans-language thriller film

Ktav Stam
Ktav Stam (Hebrew: כְּתַב־סְתָ״ם‎) is the specific Jewish traditional writing with which holy scrolls (Sifrei Kodesh), tefillin and mezuzot are written. Stam is a Hebrew acronym denoting these writings, as indicated by the gershayim (״‎) punctuation mark. One who writes such articles is called a sofer stam. The writing is done by means of a feather and ink (known as D'yo) onto special parchment called klaf. There exist two primary traditions in respect to the formation of the letters, Ktav HaAshkenazi and Ktav HaSefardi, however the differences between them are slight.
Aysanem Yusupova
Aysanem Yusupova (Karakalpak: Aysanem Yusupova, Ойсанем Юсупова; Russian: Айсанем Юсупова) (born January 2, 1997) is an Karakalpak actress and presenter. Yusupova received widespread recognition and acclaim in Uzbekistan after starring in the 2017 Uzbek drama Meros. Since then she has starred in many Uzbek comedy films.

Uzbekistan State Institute of Arts and Culture
Uzbekistan State Institute of Arts and Culture (UzSIAC), based on the original Ostrovsky Institute and created by merging the Uzbekistan Institute of Arts and Tashkent State Institute of Culture in 2012, is a state-run higher education institution in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. It is Central Asia’s major training school in the fields of cinema, television, theatre and design.
Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf
The Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf is a Weight for Age Thoroughbred horse race on turf for fillies and mares, three years old and up. It is held annually at a different racetrack in the United States as part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships.

This race is a middle distance Grade 1 which has consistently drawn the best female turf horses not just from the United States but around the world. The race is run at either 1+1⁄4 miles (2,000 m) or 1+3⁄8 miles (2,200 m), depending on the turf course configuration at the Breeders' Cup host track. For tracks which can accommodate either distance (Belmont, Woodbine, and Santa Anita ), it is run at 1+1⁄4 miles. The 2015 edition at Keeneland was conducted at 1+3⁄16 miles because that track's turf course configuration does not allow for the two regular distances to be conducted on it. For the same reason, the 2017 edition at Del Mar was held at a distance of 1+1⁄8 miles.

Del Mar Fairgrounds
The Del Mar Fairgrounds is an event venue in Del Mar, California, United States. It hosts the annual San Diego County Fair. The venue sits on a 370-acre (1.5 km2) property along the Pacific Ocean coastline. It includes the Del Mar Racetrack, built in 1936 by the Del Mar Thoroughbred Club, with founding member Bing Crosby providing leadership.

The Del Mar Fairgrounds and Del Mar Thoroughbred Club share one address for the complex. The site is owned by the State of California and is managed by the 22nd District Agricultural Association, a state agency that hosts more than 300 annual events. Its staff organizes major annual events and runs Surfside Race Place, the year-round satellite horse racing facility. The Del Mar Thoroughbred Club leases the facilities for their live meets each year.
George Hay Brown
George Hay Brown (February 4, 1910 – April 5, 1999) was the former director of the United States Census Bureau from 1969 to 1973.

Brown earned a bachelor's degree from Oberlin College in 1929, an M.B.A. from Harvard University, and a PhD in economics from the University of Chicago in 1945.

He worked at Ford Motor Company until appointed director of the Bureau of the Census in 1969.

He was elected a Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 1970.

Brown's papers are held by the American Heritage Center at the University of Wyoming.

He died in 1999 at Sea Island, Georgia.

American Heritage Center
The American Heritage Center is the University of Wyoming's repository of manuscripts, rare books, and the university archives. Its collections focus on Wyoming and the Rocky Mountain West (including politics, settlement, Native Americans, and Western trails) and a select handful of national topics: environment and conservation, the mining and petroleum industries, air and rail transportation, popular entertainment (particularly radio, television, film, and popular music), journalism, US military history, and book history.
1993 Hopman Cup
The 1993 Hopman Cup was the fifth edition of the Hopman Cup that was held at the Burswood Entertainment Complex, in Perth, Western Australia. Steffi Graf and Michael Stich of Germany defeated Arantxa Sánchez Vicario and Emilio Sánchez of Spain in the final to win the title. The tournament took place between 2 January through 8 January 1993.

Arantxa Sánchez Vicario
Aránzazu Isabel María "Arantxa" Sánchez Vicario (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈɾanθaθw isaˈβel maˈɾi.a aˈɾantʃa ˈsantʃeθ βiˈkaɾjo]; born 18 December 1971) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 12 weeks, as well as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 111 weeks. A defensive baseliner, Sánchez Vicario won 29 WTA Tour-level singles titles and 69 doubles titles, including 14 major titles: four in singles, six in women's doubles, and four in mixed doubles. She also won four Olympic medals and five Fed Cup titles representing Spain. In 1994, Sánchez Vicario was crowned the ITF World Champion of the year.
William H. Hull House
The William H. Hull House is a historic house located at 1517 Walnut St. in Murphysboro, Illinois. The house was built in 1887 for William H. Hull, a significant local businessman and politician. The house is designed in an asymmetrical Italianate pattern. The front facade of the house features a three-sided projecting bay topped by a half-hipped roof. The main entrance is located to the side of the bay in a porch supported by chamfered columns with decorative brackets. The cornice of the house features a patterned molding divided by ornamental brackets. The house's roof has a cross-hipped design with flared eaves.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 1, 2006.

Murphysboro, Illinois
Murphysboro is a city in and the county seat of Jackson County, Illinois, United States. The population was 7,093 at the 2020 census. The city is part of the Metro Lakeland area. The mayor of Murphysboro is Will Stephens.
Journal of Anxiety Disorders
Journal of Anxiety Disorders is a bimonthly peer-reviewed interdisciplinary academic journal publishing research on all aspects of anxiety disorders across the lifespan (child, adolescent, adult, and geriatric populations). Gordon J. G. Asmundson (University Regina) serves as the Editor-In-Chief of the journal with associate editors Lauren S. Hallion (University of Pittsburgh), Alexendre Heeren (Catholic University of Louvain), Peter McEvoy (Curtin University), Carmen McLean (VA National Centre for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), Michelle G. Newman (Pennsylvania State University), and Jasper A. Smits (University of Texas). The Journal of Anxiety Disorders has a Cite Score of 6.6 and an impact factor of 5.264 (2020) ranking it 17th out of 131 journals in clinical psychology.

University of Regina
The University of Regina is a public university located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. Founded in 1911 as a private denominational high school of the Methodist Church of Canada, it began an association with the University of Saskatchewan as a junior college in 1925. It disaffiliated from its Methodist founders and fully ceded to the university in 1934; in 1961 it attained degree-granting status as the Regina Campus of the University of Saskatchewan. It became an autonomous university in 1974. The University of Regina is a research university with a focus on experiential learning. Record enrolment was seen in September 2023, with over 16,800 students enrolled.
Salios
Salios (Japanese: サリオス, foaled 23 January 2017) is a Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse. He was one of the leading juvenile colt in Japan in 2019 when he was undefeated in three races including the Saudi Arabia Royal Cup and the Asahi Hai Futurity Stakes. In the following year, he won the Mainichi Okan and finished second in both the Satsuki Sho and the Tokyo Yushun.

Asahi Hai Futurity Stakes
The Asahi Hai Futurity Stakes (朝日杯フューチュリティステークス) is a one-mile turf stakes race for thoroughbred colts two years old in Japan. It is considered the de facto year-end championship for Japanese thoroughbred racing in the two-year-olds division.

Inaugurated in 1949, this race had historically been held at the Nakayama Racecourse. From 2014, the race was relocated to the Hanshin Racecourse.
December Rains
December Rains (Chinese: 雨季; pinyin: Yǔ jì) is the first original Mandarin musical written by veteran songwriter Liang Wern Fook and Jimmy Ye, directed by theatre director Alec Tok and producer James Toh. It was first staged by Brink Creative Company in 1996. The musical was restaged in 2010 and 2015 by Singapore theatre production company, Toy Factory Productions at the Esplanade Theatre by Goh Boon Teck.

Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay
Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay is a performing arts centre located in the Downtown Core of Singapore near the mouth of the Singapore River. Named after the nearby Esplanade Park, it consists of two rounded structures: one housing a concert hall with about 1,600 seats; and the other a theatre with a capacity of about 2,000 for the performing arts. It is nicknamed "The Durian".
Edward Monckton (North Northamptonshire MP)
Edward Philip Monckton (18 July 1840 – 17 April 1916) was a British barrister and politician.

He was the eldest son of Edward Henry Cradock Monckton of Fineshade Abbey, Northamptonshire, but was born at Bareilly in India, while his father was serving in the East India Company. Monckton grew up at Fineshade Abbey. He was educated privately, before studying at Trinity College, Cambridge.  In 1868, he became a barrister at Inner Temple.  He settled near Oundle, and was elected to Northamptonshire County Council for the King's Cliffe division.  He also served from 1883 to 1884 as High Sheriff of Rutland. He was editor of Baylis' Law of Domestic Servants.

Monckton was elected for the Conservative Party in North Northamptonshire at the 1895 UK general election, retiring in 1900.  He then served as Recorder of Northampton until his death, in 1916.

He married in 1866, Christabel, daughter of Rev. Christopher Dunkin Francis, vicar of Tysoe, Warwickshire.

Tysoe
Tysoe is a civil parish in the Stratford-on-Avon District of Warwickshire, England. The parish is on the boundary with Oxfordshire, about 7+1⁄2 miles (12 km) northwest of Banbury. The parish includes the contiguous villages of Middle and Upper Tysoe and the separate hamlet of Lower Tysoe. The 2011 census recorded the parish population as 1,143.
Jim Whitney
James Evans "Grasshopper Jim" Whitney (November 10, 1857 – May 21, 1891) was an American professional baseball player.  He was a right-handed pitcher over parts of ten seasons (1881–1890) with the Boston Red Caps/Beaneaters, Kansas City Cowboys, Washington Nationals, Indianapolis Hoosiers and Philadelphia Athletics (AA).  He was the National League strikeout champion in 1883 with the Boston Beaneaters.

Kansas City Cowboys (National League)
The Kansas City Cowboys were a National League baseball team that played one season in 1886. They played at League Park and finished with a 30–91 record. They finished in seventh place, ahead of another new team, the Washington Nationals. They were not connected to the Union Association Cowboys.

The Cowboys were admitted to the National League on a trial basis for the 1886 season. The team went out of business in February, 1887, having been forced to sell its players back to the league for $6,000. They were replaced in the league by Pittsburgh, which moved to the league from the American Association.
Yıldız İbrahimova
Yıldız İbrahimova (Bulgarian: Йълдъз Ибрахимова Yǎldǎz Ibrahimova, Turkish: Yıldız İbrahimova; born 1952 in Silistra) is a Bulgarian singer of Turkish ancestry. Besides jazz, she has also recorded Bulgarian, Turkish, Gypsy and Russian folk songs. She married Ali Dinçer, a Turkish politician, also born in Bulgaria and former mayor of Ankara, in 1993. Since then she has lived in Turkey. Her husband died in 2007.

Yildiz Ibrahimova has participated in tours in over 40 countries in Europe, North America, Asia, Australia and Africa.

Turkish folk music
Turkish folk music (Turkish: Türk Halk Müziği) is the traditional music of Turkish people living in Turkey influenced by the cultures of Anatolia and former territories in Europe and Asia. Its unique structure includes regional differences under one umbrella. It includes popular music from the Ottoman Empire era. After the foundation of the Turkish Republic in 1923, Turkish President Mustafa Kemal Atatürk ordered a wide-scale classification and archiving of samples of Turkish folk music from around the country, which, from 1924 to 1953 collected more than 10,000 folk songs. Traditional folk music was combined with Western harmony and musical notation to create a more modern style of popular Turkish music.
Demetrianus
Demetrianus was a former pupil of Lactantius, but little is known about him.  It was to him that Lactantius, a convert to Christianity, addressed his book On the Workmanship of God (De Opificio Dei), probably written in Bithynia around 304 C.E. In Divine Institutes 2.10.15, Lactantius also mentioned having written for Demetrianus about God’s workmanship.

Lactantius urged him not to allow wealth to lead him away from virtue (On the Workmanship of God 1). In addition Jerome wrote of Lactantius, “we have his…two books of letters to Demetrianus” (Concerning Illustrious Men, 80).  (Only a few words of these letters survive, preserved by Jerome.)  Demetrianus seems to have had an official job (On the Workmanship of God 1.4), and its description seems to contain another reference to Christianity.  In 1.9 of the same book, Lactantius reminded Demetrianus where his real allegiance lay.  The evidence clearly points to Demetrianus having been a Christian.

Lactantius
Lucius Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius (c. 250 – c. 325) was an early Christian author who became an advisor to Roman emperor Constantine I, guiding his Christian religious policy in its initial stages of emergence, and a tutor to his son Crispus. His most important work is the Institutiones Divinae ("The Divine Institutes"), an apologetic treatise intended to establish the reasonableness and truth of Christianity to pagan critics.

He is best known for his apologetic works, widely read during the Renaissance by humanists, who called Lactantius the "Christian Cicero". Also often attributed to Lactantius is the poem The Phoenix, which is based on the myth of the phoenix from Egypt and Arabia. Though the poem is not clearly Christian in its motifs, modern scholars have found some literary evidence in the text to suggest the author had a Christian interpretation of the eastern myth as a symbol of resurrection.
Corona Municipal Airport
Corona Municipal Airport (ICAO: KAJO, FAA LID: AJO), formerly L66, is three miles northwest of Downtown Corona, serving Riverside County, California, United States. The airport has a few businesses, such as a cafe, "Flying Academy" flight training center, and aircraft maintenance and repair.

Most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, but Corona Municipal Airport is AJO to the FAA and has no IATA code (Aljouf, Yemen has IATA code AJO).

Aircraft maintenance
Aircraft maintenance is the performance of tasks required to ensure the continuing airworthiness of an aircraft or aircraft part, including overhaul, inspection, replacement, defect rectification, and the embodiment of modifications, compliance with airworthiness directives and repair.
Karol Skowerski
Karol Skowerski (born 9 May 1984) is a Polish professional pool player. After reaching the last 16 of the 2012 World Pool-Billiard Association World Nine-ball Championship, Skowerski won the 2012 World Pool Masters, defeating fellow Pole Mateusz Śniegocki in the final 8–6, which was held in Kielce, Poland. Skowerski also reached the final of the 2012 World Cup of Pool, alongside Śniegocki, losing to Team Finland, Petri Makkonen and Mika Immonen 10–8.

Ten-ball
Ten-ball is a rotation pool game similar to nine-ball, but using ten balls instead of nine, and with the 10 ball instead of the 9 as the "money ball".

Although the game has existed since the early 1960s, its popularity has risen since the early 2000s as a result of concerns that nine-ball has suffered as a result of flaws in its fundamental structure, particularly the ease with which players can often make balls from the break. The World Pool-Billiard Association (WPA) standardized rules for ten-ball are very similar to those for nine-ball, but with key changes to increase the difficulty of the game. In contrast to nine-ball, it is slightly harder to pocket any balls on the break shot with the more crowded rack, the initial shooter cannot instantly win the game by pocketing the 10 on the break, all shots must be called, and performing a string of break-and-runs on successive racks is statistically more difficult to achieve.
Morocco–Pakistan relations
Morocco–Pakistan relations have traditionally been strong and cordial, since their establishment in the 1950s. Morocco maintains an embassy in Islamabad, whilst Pakistan maintains one in Rabat. Both countries are members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, Group of 77 and Non-Aligned Movement.

Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC; Arabic: منظمة التعاون الإسلامي, romanised: Munaẓẓamat at-Taʿāwun al-ʾIslāmī; French: Organisation de la coopération islamique), formerly the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, is an intergovernmental organisation founded in 1969. It consists of 57 member states, 48 of which are Muslim-majority. The organisation claims to be "the collective voice of the Muslim world" and works to "safeguard and protect the interests of the Muslim world in the spirit of promoting international peace and harmony".

OIC has permanent delegations to the United Nations and the European Union. Its official languages are Arabic, English, and French. It operates affiliated, specialised, and subsidiary organs within the framework of OIC Charter.

Member states had a collective population of over 1.8 billion as of 2015, accounting for just under a quarter of the world's population. The collective area is 31.66 m km2.
Raisdorf
Raisdorf (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪsˌdɔʁf]) is a former municipality in the district of Plön, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated approximately 9 km southeast of Kiel. Until 2003 it was twinned with Uttoxeter, United Kingdom. On 1 March 2008, it was merged with Klausdorf to form the town Schwentinental.

Plön (district)
Plön (German pronunciation: [ˈpløːn] ⓘ) is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the districts of Ostholstein and Segeberg, the city of Neumünster, the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, the city of Kiel and the Baltic Sea.
Orland Larson
Orland M. F. Larson (6 March 1931 – 18 February 2026) was a Canadian goldsmith, metalsmith and art educator. He played a central role in the development of professional jewellery education in Canada, serving as head of jewellery departments at the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design and the Alberta College of Art. In addition to his teaching career, Larson held leadership positions in national and international craft organizations, including the Canadian Crafts Council and the World Crafts Council.

Goldsmith
A goldsmith is a metalworker who specializes in working with gold and other precious metals. Modern goldsmiths mainly specialize in jewelry-making but historically, they have also made silverware, platters, goblets, decorative and serviceable utensils, and ceremonial or religious items.

Goldsmiths must be skilled in forming metal through filing, soldering, sawing, forging, casting, and polishing. The trade has very often included jewelry-making skills, as well as the very similar skills of the silversmith. Traditionally, these skills had been passed along through apprenticeships; more recently jewelry arts schools, specializing in teaching goldsmithing and a multitude of skills falling under the jewelry arts umbrella, are available. Many universities and junior colleges also offer goldsmithing, silversmithing, and metal arts fabrication as a part of their fine arts curriculum.