hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Young Offenders Act
The Young Offenders Act (YOA; French: Loi sur les jeunes contrevenants) was an act of the Parliament of Canada, granted Royal Assent in 1982 and proclaimed in force on April 2, 1984, that regulated the criminal prosecution of Canadian youths.

The act was repealed in 2003 with the passing of the Youth Criminal Justice Act.

Youth
Youth is the time of life when one is young. The word, youth, can also mean the time between childhood and adulthood (maturity), but it can also refer to one's peak, in terms of health or the period of life known as being a young adult. Youth is also defined as "the appearance, freshness, vigor, spirit, etc., characteristic of one, who is young". Its definitions of a specific age range varies, as youth is not defined chronologically as a stage that can be tied to specific age ranges; nor can its end point be linked to specific activities, such as taking unpaid work, or having sexual relations.

Youth is an experience that may shape an individual's level of dependency, which can be marked in various ways according to different cultural perspectives. Personal experience is marked by an individual's cultural norms or traditions, while a youth's level of dependency means the extent to which they still rely on their family emotionally and economically.
Nicolson Calvert (died 1793)
Nicolson Calvert (c. 1724 – 4 May 1793) was an English politician.

He was the oldest surviving son of Felix Calvert of Furneaux Pelham in Hertfordshire.  His mother Christian was the daughter of Josiah Nicolson, a brewer from Clapham. He was educated at Bury St Edmunds Grammar School and at Trinity College, Cambridge.

He owned Hunsdon House in Hertfordshire, which he inherited from his grandfather Felix Calvert.

He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for the borough of Tewkesbury from 1754 to 1774.

He married Rebecca, the daughter of the Rev. John Goodwin, rector of Clapham, Surrey, but had no children. They lived at Hunsdon House, which his widow rebuilt after his death.

Clapham
Clapham (/ˈklæpəm/) is a district in south west London, England, lying mostly within the London Borough of Lambeth, but with some areas (including Clapham Common) extending into the neighbouring London Borough of Wandsworth.
Mozambique women's national under-19 cricket team
The Mozambique women's under-19 cricket team represents Mozambique in international under-19 women's cricket. The team is administered by the Mozambican Cricket Association.

The side played for the first time in the Africa Qualifier for the 2023 Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup.

Mozambican Cricket Association
The Mozambican Cricket Association (Portuguese: Associação Moçambicana de Cricket; AMC) is the official governing body of the sport of cricket in Mozambique. Its current headquarters is in Maputo, Mozambique. The association is Mozambique's representative at the International Cricket Council and is an associate member and has been a member of that body since 2003. It is also a member of the African Cricket Association.
Delta-sleep-inducing peptide
Delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) is a neuropeptide that when infused into the mesodiencephalic ventricle of recipient rabbits induces spindle and delta EEG activity and reduced motor activities.

Its amino acid sequence is Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu (WAGGDASGE). The gene has yet to be found in rabbits, along with any receptors or precursor peptides. However, searches through BLAST have found that it aligns with a hypothetical Amycolatopsis coloradensis protein. This could indicate that DSIP has a bacterial origin.

Neuropeptide
Neuropeptides are chemical messengers made up of small chains of amino acids that are synthesized and released by neurons. Neuropeptides typically bind to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to modulate neural activity and other tissues like the gut, muscles, and heart.

Neuropeptides are synthesized from large precursor proteins which are cleaved and post-translationally processed then packaged into large dense core vesicles. Neuropeptides are often co-released with other neuropeptides and neurotransmitters in a single neuron, yielding a multitude of effects. Once released, neuropeptides can diffuse widely to affect a broad range of targets.

Neuropeptides are extremely ancient and highly diverse chemical messengers. Placozoans such as Trichoplax, extremely basal animals which do not possess neurons, use peptides for cell-to-cell communication in a way similar to the neuropeptides of higher animals.
Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight
The Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight (ACOG) is a series of prismatic telescopic sights manufactured by Trijicon. The ACOG was originally designed to be used on the M16 rifle and M4 carbine, but Trijicon has also developed ACOG accessories for other firearms. Models provide fixed-power magnification levels from 1.25× to 6×. ACOG reticles are illuminated at night by an internal tritium phosphor. Some versions have an additional daytime reticle illumination via a passive external fiberoptic light pipe or are LED-illuminated using a dry battery. The first ACOG model, known as the TA01, was released in 1987.

Dry cell
A dry cell is a type of electric battery, commonly used for portable electrical devices. Unlike wet cell batteries, which have a liquid electrolyte, dry cells use an electrolyte in the form of a paste, and are thus less susceptible to leakage.

The dry cell was developed in 1886 by the German scientist Carl Gassner, after the development of wet zinc–carbon batteries by Georges Leclanché in 1866. A type of dry cell was also developed by the Japanese inventor Sakizō Yai in 1887.
Henry D. Cooke (admiral)
Henry David Cooke Jr. (September 21, 1879 – July 7, 1958) was a highly decorated officer in the United States Navy with the rank of rear admiral. A graduate of the United States Naval Academy and veteran of several conflicts, he was wounded during the Philippine–American War and later distinguished himself as Commanding officer of destroyer USS Allen during World War I for which received the Navy Cross, the second highest decoration of the United States military awarded for valor.

Cooke remained in the Navy during the interwar period and served as Commandant of midshipmen at the Naval Academy and Commanding officer of battleship USS Oklahoma. He retired from active duty in early 1940s, but was immediately recalled and served as Convoy commodore in Atlantic during World War II. He was a grandson of Henry D. Cooke, First Governor of the District of Columbia.

Chief of Naval Operations
The chief of naval operations (CNO) is the highest-ranking officer of the United States Navy. The position is a statutory office (10 U.S.C. § 8033) held by an admiral who is a military adviser and deputy to the secretary of the Navy. The CNO is also a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (10 U.S.C. § 151) and in this capacity, a military adviser to the National Security Council, the Homeland Security Council, the secretary of defense, and the president.

Despite the title, the CNO does not have operational command authority over naval forces. The CNO is an administrative position based in the Pentagon, and exercises supervision of Navy organizations as the designee of the secretary of the Navy. Operational command of naval forces falls within the purview of the combatant commanders who report to the secretary of defense.

As of 25 August 2025, the 34th chief of naval operations is Admiral Daryl Caudle.
Jonas Algimantas Boruta
Jonas Algimantas Boruta (11 October 1944 – 19 December 2022) was a Lithuanian Roman Catholic prelate, Jesuite.

Boruta was born in Garliava, Lithuania and was ordained to the priesthood in 1982. He served as titular bishop of Vulturaria (1997–2002) and as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vilnius, Lithuania (1997–2002), and as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Telšiai, Lithuania, from 2002 until his resignation in 2017.

Jésuite
A Jésuite (French pronunciation: [ʒezɥit]) is a triangular, flaky pastry filled with frangipane cream and topped with sliced almonds and powdered sugar. The pastry originated in France and the name refers to the triangular shape of a Jesuit's hat. A similarly-named sweet pastry known in Portugal and Spain, the jesuíta, consists of puff pastry filled with custard. In Germany, Jesuitermützen are a custard-filled pastry traditionally cut into triangles.

A similarly-named Uruguayan dish is the jesuita, a baked ham and cheese sandwich with a puff pastry crust commonly eaten in parts of South America and considered a classic of Argentinian cuisine, where it is known as a fosforito. In Argentina, jesuita is a very popular dish in many provinces. Rectangular in shape, it is made from puff pastry stuffed with ham and cheese, and is covered with a sweet crust.
Janika Kronberg
Janika Kronberg (born 24 November 1963 in Võru) is an Estonian literary scientist and critic.

Kronberg graduated from Võru Secondary School No. 1 in 1981 (now, the Võru Kreutzwald Gymnasium) and from the Faculty of Philology of Tartu State University in 1989, majoring in Estonian language and literature.

From 1989 until 1996, he was the head of Karl Ristikivi Museum. He is the chairman of Karl Ristikivi Society. From 2005 until 2015, he was the head of Estonian Literary Museum. Since 2016 he is the chief editor of the magazine Looming.

Topics of research include Karl Ristikivi and his legacy; he has also done a lot of research related to Karl Ast, Friedebert Tuglas, Eduard Vilde, Henrik Visnapuu and Ivar Grünthal.

Eduard Vilde
Eduard Vilde (4 March [O.S. 20 February] 1865 – 26 December 1933) was an Estonian writer, a pioneer of critical realism in Estonian literature, and a diplomat. He was the author of classics such as The War in Mahtra and The Milkman from Mäeküla. He was one of the most revered figures in Estonian literature and is generally credited as being the country's first professional writer.
Shigeo Kogure
Shigeo Kogure (木暮 茂夫, October 3, 1935 – October 13, 2009) was a Japanese bantamweight weightlifter who won a gold medal at the 1958 Asian Games and placed fourth at the 1960 Summer Olympics, both held in Tokyo.

Bantamweight
Bantamweight is a weight class in combat sports and weightlifting. For boxing, the range is above 115 lb (52.2 kg) and up to 118 lb (53.5 kg). In kickboxing, a bantamweight fighter generally weighs between 53 and 55 kilograms (117 and 121 lb). In MMA, bantamweight is 126–135 lb (57.2–61.2 kg).

The name for the class is derived from bantam chickens. Brazilian jiu-jitsu has an equivalent Rooster weight.
Pirtle
Pirtle is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brittany Anne Pirtle, actress

Cliff Pirtle (born 1985/86), American politician

Gerry Pirtle (born 1947), American baseball player

Jillian Patricia Pirtle (born 1983), American soprano and historian

Michael W. Pirtle (born 1953), judge

Woody Pirtle, American artist

Gerry Pirtle
Gerald Eugene Pirtle (born December 3, 1947) is an American former pitcher in Major League Baseball who played briefly for the Montreal Expos in their 1978 season. Listed at 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m), 185 pounds (84 kg), he batted and threw right handed.
Christa Perathoner
Christa Perathoner (born in Brixen on (1987-06-07)June 7, 1987) is an Italian biathlete.

Perathoner competed in the 2010 Winter Olympics for Italy. Her best finish was 79th, in the individual.

As of February 2013, her best performance at the Biathlon World Championships is 45th, in the 2009 sprint.

As of February 2013, Perathoner's best Biathlon World Cup result is 9th, as part of the women's relay at Hochfilzen in 2008/09. Her best individual finish is 32nd, in the sprint at Antholz in 2008/09. Her best overall finish in the Biathlon World Cup is 87th, in 2008/09.

Brixen
Brixen (German: [ˈbrɪksn̩] ⓘ), also known as Bressanone (Italian: [bressaˈnoːne]), is a town and commune in the province of South Tyrol, northern Italy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Bolzano.

Brixen is the third-largest city and oldest town in the province, with a population of nearly twenty-three thousand. It is located at the confluence of the Eisack and Rienz rivers, and today it is the capital of the Eisack district community.
Olavi Lanu
Olavi Lanu, (10 July 1925 Viipurin maalaiskunta (former municipality of Finland) – 11 May 2015 Lahti) was a Finnish sculptor.

He took part to Venice Biennale in 1978 and had more publicity. Lanu's sculptures can be seen in Lanu-puisto. He used to use many kinds of materials like wood, copper and concrete, but tried to make surfaces to mimic natural forms, for example moss, bark, and sand.

Olavi Lanu has also made the so called land art.

Viipurin maalaiskunta
Viipurin maalaiskunta, Swedish: Viborgs landskommun, is a former municipality in Finland. It consisted of the rural districts around the city of Viipuri.  It was ceded to the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic after Finland's defeat in the Winter War and the Continuation War in the 1940s.
Russian submarine Yury Dolgorukiy
Yury Dolgorukiy (K-535; Russian: К-535 Юрий Долгорукий) is a Borei-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine of the Russian Navy, and the lead vessel of the class. Named after the founder of Moscow, Yuri Dolgorukiy, the vessel was laid down on 2 November 1996 and was first planned to enter service in 2001. However, project for the R-39M SLBM that the Borei class was supposed to carry was abandoned after several failed tests, and the submarine was redesigned for the new RSM-56 Bulava SLBM. The RSM-56 Bulava is smaller than the original R-39M, and in the 2007 START treaty data exchange it was reported that all Borei-class submarines would be equipped with 16 missiles instead of 12, as originally intended. Yury Dolgorukiy was commissioned on 10 January 2013, making it the first new strategic submarine to join the Northern Fleet since 1992.

Submarine-launched ballistic missile
A submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) is a ballistic missile capable of being launched from submarines. Modern variants usually deliver multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), each of which carries a nuclear warhead and allows a single launched missile to strike several targets. Submarine-launched ballistic missiles operate in a different way from submarine-launched cruise missiles.

Modern submarine-launched ballistic missiles are closely related to intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), with ranges of over 5,500 kilometres (3,000 nmi), and in many cases SLBMs and ICBMs may be part of the same family of weapons.
Tonie Campbell
Anthony Eugene Campbell (born June 14, 1960) is an American former hurdler. He is the 1988 Olympic bronze medallist in the 110m Hurdles, the 1987 World Indoor champion in the 60m hurdles, and won the 1985 World Cup title in the 110m hurdles. A three-time winner of the 110 metres hurdles at the IAAF Grand Prix Final, he also won the 1987 Overall Grand Prix title, with fellow hurdler Greg Foster second and pole vaulter Sergey Bubka third.

1985 IAAF World Cup
The 4th IAAF World Cup in Athletics was an international track and field sporting event sponsored by the International Association of Athletics Federations, held on October 4–6, 1985, at the Bruce Stadium in Canberra, Australia.
Anton Sanko
Anton Sanko is a composer, orchestrator, and music producer born in New York City. He has been writing music for films since 1991.

He scored Ouija for Blumhouse/Universal, Jessabelle for Blumhouse/Lionsgate, and Visions, also for Blumhouse/Universal. He is working on The Naturalist for PBS.

Nurse 3D
Nurse 3D is a 2013 American horror film directed by Doug Aarniokoski, written by Aarniokoski and David Loughery. It stars Paz de la Huerta, Katrina Bowden, and Corbin Bleu. De la Huerta plays Abby Russell, a nurse and serial killer who targets men who cheat on their partners, and who develops an unhealthy relationship with fellow nurse Danni (Bowden).

Production took place from September to October 2011.  Nurse 3D was released in limited theaters by The Film Arcade and by Lionsgate through video on demand on February 7, 2014.
Jeep Grand Cherokee (WJ)
The Jeep Grand Cherokee (WJ) is the second generation of the Jeep Grand Cherokee sport utility vehicle. Unveiled in Detroit, Michigan, on June 16, 1998, production lasted until 2004 in the US, continuing in foreign markets until 2005. The WJ was completely overhauled from its ZJ predecessor and was renowned for its off-road capability. Jeep marketed the (WJ) as "the most capable SUV ever."

Satellite radio
Satellite radio is defined by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU)'s ITU Radio Regulations (RR) as a broadcasting-satellite service. The satellite's signals are broadcast across a much wider geographical area than terrestrial radio stations, and the service is primarily intended for the occupants of motor vehicles. It is available by subscription, mostly commercial free, and offers subscribers more stations and a wider variety of programming options than terrestrial radio.

Satellite radio technology was inducted into the Space Foundation Space Technology Hall of Fame in 2002. Satellite radio uses the 2.3 GHz S band in North America for nationwide digital radio broadcasting. In other parts of the world, satellite radio uses the 1.4 GHz L band formerly allocated for DAB.
1969 French Open – Men's doubles
Ken Rosewall and Fred Stolle were the defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Ilie Năstase and Ion Țiriac.

John Newcombe and Tony Roche won in the final 4–6, 6–1, 3–6, 6–4, 6–4 against Roy Emerson and Rod Laver.

Fred Stolle
Frederick Sydney Stolle, AO (8 October 1938 – 5 March 2025) was an Australian amateur world No. 1 tennis player and commentator. He was born in Hornsby, New South Wales, Australia. He was the father of former Australian Davis Cup player Sandon Stolle.
Maude C. Waitt
Maude Comstock Waitt (1875 – 1935) was a member of the Ohio Senate. She was one of the first six women elected into the Ohio General Assembly in 1922. She sponsored 3 bills in 1923, all of which passed in both the Senate and the House of Representatives. She was reelected in 1924, 1926, and 1928.

Waitt died in her sleep on December 13, 1935, after a long illness.

Ohio General Assembly
The Ohio General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Ohio. It consists of the 99-member Ohio House of Representatives and the 33-member Ohio Senate. Both houses of the General Assembly meet at the Ohio Statehouse in Columbus.
Death and state funeral of Silvio Berlusconi
On 12 June 2023, former Italian prime minister Silvio Berlusconi died at the San Raffaele Hospital in Milan, aged 86, due to complications from a severe form of chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia. On the same day, the Italian government announced a state funeral and proclaimed a national day of mourning for 14 June.

Arcore
Arcore (Italian: [ˈarkore]; Brianzoeu: Arcor [ˈaːrkur]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Monza and Brianza in the Italian region of Lombardy, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Milan. It's situated on the banks of River Lambro.

Arcore borders the following municipalities: Usmate Velate, Camparada, Lesmo, Biassono, Vimercate, Villasanta, and Concorezzo.
Englishmen for My Money
Englishmen for My Money, or A Woman Will Have Her Will is an Elizabethan era stage play, a comedy written by William Haughton that dates from the year 1598. Scholars and critics often cite it as the first city comedy. Indeed, the play inaugurated a dramatic subgenre that would be exploited and developed by Thomas Dekker, Thomas Middleton, Ben Jonson, and others in the following years and decades.

Thomas Dekker (writer)
Thomas Dekker (c. 1572 – 25 August 1632) was an English Elizabethan dramatist and pamphleteer, a versatile and prolific writer, whose career spanned several decades and brought him into contact with many of the period's most famous dramatists.
Annapolis Conference
The Annapolis Conference was a Middle East peace conference held on 27 November 2007, at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, United States. The conference aimed to revive the Israeli–Palestinian peace process and implement the "Roadmap for peace". The conference ended with the issuing of a joint statement from all parties. After the Annapolis Conference, the negotiations were continued. Both Mahmoud Abbas and Ehud Olmert presented each other with competing peace proposals. Ultimately no  agreement was reached.

Peace conference
A peace conference is a diplomatic meeting where representatives of states, armies, or other warring parties converge to end hostilities by negotiation and signing and ratifying a peace treaty.

Significant international peace conferences include:

St. Petersburg Declaration of 1868

Algeciras Conference (1905)

Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907

Versailles (1919)

Good Friday Agreement (1998)
Izberbash
Izberbash (Russian: Изберба́ш; Dargwa: Избир; Kumyk: Йизбирба́ш, Yizbirbaş) is a town in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia, located on the coast of the Caspian Sea 56 kilometers (35 mi) southeast of Makhachkala, the capital of the republic. Population:  55,646 (2010 Census); 39,365 (2002 Census); 28,122 (1989 Soviet census).

Kumyk language
Kumyk (къумукъ тил, qumuq til, قوموق تیل) is a Turkic language spoken by about 520,000 people, mainly by the Kumyks, in the Dagestan, North Ossetia and Chechen republics of the Russian Federation. Until the 20th century Kumyk was the lingua franca of the Northern Caucasus.
Stephen Falk
Stephen Falk (born April 25, 1972) is an American screenwriter and producer best known as the creator, executive producer, and showrunner of the FXX series You're the Worst.
Falk served as co-executive producer of Netflix’s Orange Is the New Black, and Showtime’s Weeds as well.

In 2012, Falk received a Writers Guild of America award nomination for episodic comedy for an episode of Weeds called "Object Impermanence", and a second in 2014 for his work on Orange is the New Black. 
Falk does a weekly webshow about movies with his group The Film Pigs, and has a long-running live storytelling show at The Virgil in Los Angeles called Public School.

As of September 2019, Falk has been developing the fantasy novel Spoonbenders to pilot for Showtime.

Storytelling
Storytelling is the social and cultural activity of sharing stories, sometimes with improvisation, theatrics or embellishment. Every culture has its own narratives, which are shared as a means of entertainment, education, cultural preservation or instilling moral values (sometimes through morals). Crucial elements of stories and storytelling include plot, characters and narrative point of view. The term "storytelling" can refer specifically to oral storytelling but also broadly to techniques used in other media to unfold or disclose the narrative of a story.
Centre for Economic and Social Studies
The Centre for Economic and Social Studies (CESS) is an Indian autonomous research institute, established in 1980 to facilitate research activity in Economics and Social Sciences.  It is one of the twenty-four 'Research institutions of all-India character' recognised by the Indian Council of Social Science Research. It was a brainchild of B. P. R. Vithal, IAS (Retd)., a former Principal Secretary to the Finance and Planning Department of Government of Andhra Pradesh. The campus is situated at Begumpet, in Hyderabad.

The centre celebrated its silver jubilee in 2006 with special silver jubilee seminar inaugurated by the then Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh. One of its founder members, Prof. C. H. Hanumantha Rao was nominated to the National Advisory Council (NAC) in 2005.

National Advisory Council (India)
The National Advisory Council (NAC) was an advisory body set up by the first United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government in 2004 to advise the Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh. Sonia Gandhi served as its chairperson for much of the tenure of the UPA government. Its aim was to assist the Prime Minister in achieving and monitoring missions and goals.