hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Onset of deconfinement
The onset of deconfinement refers to the beginning of the creation of deconfined states of strongly interacting matter produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions with increasing collision energy (a quark–gluon plasma).

The onset of deconfinement was predicted by Marek Gazdzicki and Mark I. Gorenstein to be located in the low energy range of the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). These predictions have been confirmed by the NA49 experiment at the CERN SPS within the energy scan programme. The most famous of these is the "horn"  in the ratio of mean multiplicities of positively charged kaons and pions observed in collisions of two lead nuclei at the low energies of the SPS.

Strangeness production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is used for the detection of the onset of deconfinement.

Phase (matter)
In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of material that is chemically uniform, physically distinct, and (often) mechanically separable. In a system consisting of ice and water in a glass jar, the ice cubes are one phase, the water is a second phase, and the humid air is a third phase over the ice and water. The glass of the jar is a different material, in its own separate phase. (See state of matter § Glass.)

More precisely, a phase is a region of space (a thermodynamic system), throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform.: 86 : 3  Examples of physical properties include density, index of refraction, magnetization and chemical composition.

The term phase is sometimes used as a synonym for state of matter, but there can be several immiscible phases of the same state of matter (as where oil and water separate into distinct phases, both in the liquid state).
Gillette de Narbonne
Gillette de Narbonne is an opéra comique in three acts, with music by Edmond Audran and words by Alfred Duru and Henri Chivot. It is based on a fabliau from The Decameron and depicts a rejected bride posing as another woman to deceive her husband into consummating their marriage.

The first performance was on 11 November 1882 at the Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens, Paris, where it ran for 122 performances, until the following March. Productions followed in London, where the piece failed to run, and Berlin, where it was more successful.

Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens
The Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens (French: [teɑtʁ de buf paʁizjɛ̃]) is a Parisian theatre founded in 1855 by the composer Jacques Offenbach for the performance of opéra bouffe and operetta. The current theatre is located in the 2nd arrondissement at 4 rue Monsigny with an entrance at the back at 65 Passage Choiseul. In the 19th century the theatre was often referred to as the Salle Choiseul. With the decline in popularity of operetta after 1870, the theatre expanded its repertory to include comedies. The theatre is still active with regular productions of stage plays.
Bamboo in the Wind
Bamboo in the Wind is a 1990 novel written by Filipino author  and Palanca Memorial Awards recipient Azucena Grajo Uranza. Chronologically, Bamboo in the Wind comes after Uranza's other novel A Passing Season.

Filipino women writers
Filipino women writers have played important roles within Philippine literature, with Philippine women having created enduring works of fiction and non-fiction across the genres. Writing in English, Spanish, Filipino and other local languages and native dialects, female writers from the Philippine archipelago utilized literature, in contrast with the oral tradition of the past, as the living voices of their personal experiences, thoughts, consciousness, concepts of themselves, society, politics, Philippine and world history. They employed the "power of the pen" and the printed word in order to shatter the so-called "Great Grand Silence of the Centuries" of Filipino female members, participants, and contributors to the progress and development of the Philippine Republic, and consequently the rest of the world. Filipino women authors have "put pen to paper" to present, express, and describe their own image and culture to the world, as they see themselves.
Willowbend, Houston
Willowbend is a neighborhood in near Southwest Houston, Texas.

Willowbend is just outside the 610 Loop and inside Beltway 8. The neighborhood is bound by the following streets:  S. Post Oak Road to the West, Greenwillow Drive to the East, Briarbend Drive to the South, and Hazelton Street to North.  The subdivision's main thoroughfare is Willowbend Boulevard with its center point at Willowbend and Cliffwood.  Surrounding neighborhoods, include: Willow Meadows to the North, Meyerland to the Northwest, Westbury to the West. Willowbend is surrounded by numerous points of interest, including:  Willow Waterhole Park, Meyerland Plaza, The Texas Medical Center, and NRG Stadium.

Interstate 610 (Texas)
Interstate 610 (I-610) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway that forms a 37.972-mile-long (61.110 km) loop around the inner city sector of the city of Houston, Texas. I-610, colloquially known as The Loop, Loop 610, The Inner Loop, or just 610, traditionally marks the border between the inner city of Houston ("inside the Loop") and its surrounding areas. It is the innermost of the three Houston beltways, the other two being Beltway 8 (Sam Houston Parkway/Tollway) and State Highway 99 (SH 99; Grand Parkway), of which various segments are under construction or planning. In Houston, the area inside I-610 is the urban core. Jeff Balke of the Houston Press wrote that the freeway "is as much a social and philosophical divide as a physical one". Mike Snyder in the Houston Chronicle wrote that, as someone from inside I-610, he historically felt "kind of special" due to being close to "the city's historical core and its major business, educational and cultural institutions".
Bardeen–Pines interaction
In condensed matter physics, Bardeen–Pines interaction describes an effective interaction between two electrons in a metal. It combines the long-range repulsive Coulomb interaction with an attractive force mediated by lattice vibrations (phonons). The total interaction is modified by screening from the surrounding electron gas. Under certain conditions, this screening leads to overscreening, where the attractive phonon-mediated part of the interaction can temporarily dominate over the repulsive Coulomb force. This attractive component plays a crucial role in the formation of Cooper pairs in conventional superconductors and is a key ingredient in the BCS theory of superconductivity.

The interaction potential can be derived using quantum field theory under the random phase approximation (RPA), which captures the screening effects quantitatively.

It is named after John Bardeen and David Pines who postulated its existence in 1955.

Conventional superconductor
Conventional superconductors are materials that display superconductivity as described by BCS theory or its extensions. This is in contrast to unconventional superconductors, which do not. Conventional superconductors can be either type-I or type-II.

Most elemental superconductors are conventional. Niobium and vanadium are type-II, while most other elemental superconductors are type-I. Critical temperatures of some elemental superconductors:

Most compound and alloy superconductors are type-II materials. The most commonly used conventional superconductor in applications is a niobium-titanium alloy - this is a type-II superconductor with a superconducting critical temperature of 11 K. The highest critical temperature so far achieved in a conventional superconductor was 39 K (-234 °C) in magnesium diboride.
Savarakathi
Savarakathi (English: Hair-cutting Scissor or Long Shaving Razor) is a 2018 Tamil action comedy film directed by G. R. Adithya, written and produced by his brother Mysskin. The film stars Ram, Poorna and Mysskin with Ashvatt and Swathishta. Featuring music composed by Arrol Corelli, the film began production during November 2015, and was released across India on 9 February 2018.

Razor
A razor is a bladed tool primarily used in the removal of body hair through the act of shaving. Kinds of razors include straight razors, safety razors, disposable razors, and electric shavers.

While the razor has been in existence since before the Bronze Age (the oldest razor-like object has been dated to 18,000 BC), the most common types of razors currently used are the safety razor and the electric razor.
Arnaldo Rosin
Arnaldo Rosin (born 1932) is an Italian artist, illustrator and composer living in Milan.

Rosin's style is often described as 'transcendent art', combining elements of surrealism and postmodernism with frequent visual references to Italian Renaissance art.

Rosin was born in the town of Cittadella near Padua but his family moved to Umbria when he was very young. In his youth he drew comic strips for money, but in 1967, began to devote his time completely to painting and illustration.

He has been featured at art exhibitions in Milan and other cities since the 1970s. In addition to paintings, he has also illustrated books of folklore.

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
Feijó
Feijó could refer to:

Diogo Feijó (1784–1843), Brazilian politician and priest

Feijó, Acre, a city in Acre state, Brazil

Feijó Airport, a private airport serving the city

Feijó (Almada), a former civil parish in Almada, Portugal

Laranjeiro e Feijó, the current parish

João da Silva Feijó (1760–1824), Portuguese naturalist, mineralogist and soldier

Feijó (Almada)
Feijó is a former civil parish in the municipality of Almada, Lisbon metropolitan area, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Laranjeiro e Feijó. The population in 2011 was 18,884, in an area of 3.94 km2.
Genyodectes
Genyodectes ("jaw bite", from the Greek words genys ("jaw") and dektes ("bite")) is a genus of ceratosaurian theropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian) of South America. The holotype material (MLP 26–39, Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina) was collected from the Cerro Barcino Formation, Cañadón Grande, Departamento Paso de Indios in the Chubut Province of Argentina and consists of an incomplete snout, including the premaxillae, portions of both maxillas, the right and left dentary, many teeth, a fragment of the left splenial, and parts of the supradentaries. These elements are generally poorly preserved and some are in articulation. The premaxilla of Genyodectes possesses relatively large and protruding teeth, similar to those of Ceratosaurus. The specific name, serus, means "late". In 2016 it was estimated to be 6.25 meters (20.5 ft) in length and 790 kg (1,740 lb) in weight.

Premaxilla
The premaxilla (or praemaxilla) is one of a pair of small cranial bones at the very tip of the upper jaw of many animals, usually, but not always, bearing teeth. In humans, they are fused with the maxilla. The "premaxilla" of therian mammals has been usually termed as the incisive bone. Other terms used for this structure include premaxillary bone or os premaxillare, intermaxillary bone or os intermaxillare, and Goethe's bone.
Jonathan Clancy
Jonathan Clancy (born 12 March 1986) is an Irish hurler; he played in a variety of positions, but mostly at midfield for the Clare senior team.

Born in Clarecastle, County Clare, Clancy first played competitive hurling whilst at school at St. Flannan's College. He first played  in the inter-county leagues at the age of seventeen when he joined the Clare minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He made his senior debut in the 2005 championship. Clancy went on to play for Clare for almost a decade, and won one All-Ireland medal as a non-playing substitute and one Waterford Crystal Cup medal.

As a member of the Munster inter-provincial team at various times, Clancy won one Railway Cup medal as a non-playing substitute in 2007. At club level he is a two-time championship medallist with Clarecastle.

Throughout his career Clancy made 28 championship appearances. He announced his retirement from inter-county hurling on 7 February 2014.

Clare GAA
The Clare County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Contae an Chláir) or Clare GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Clare. Clare plays its home games at Zimmer Biomet Páirc Chíosóg in Ennis.

The county hurling team competes in Division 1 of the National Hurling League and in the Munster Senior Hurling Championship (SHC), the former of which it has won five times, most recently in 2024. Clare has won the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) five times in its history. The county won its first title in 1914 and took another 81 years to win a second title in 1995, which remains the record wait for a successive title in Senior Championship history. Clare won All-Ireland SHC titles in 1914, 1995, 1997, 2013 and 2024.

The county football team contested the 1917 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final.
Ingested (band)
Ingested is an English deathcore band from Manchester, formed in 2006. The band currently consists of guitarists Sean Hynes and Andrew Virrueta, bassist Thomas O'Malley, and drummer Lyn Jeffs. The band has released seven studio albums, the latest being The Tide of Death and Fractured Dreams in 2024 via Metal Blade Records.

Century Media Records
Century Media Records is a German heavy metal record label with offices in Germany, the United States and the United Kingdom. In August 2015, Century Media was acquired by Sony Music for US$17 million.
Severan Bridge
The Severan Bridge (also known as Chabinas Bridge or Cendere Bridge or Septimius Severus Bridge; Turkish: Cendere Köprüsü) is a Roman bridge constructed c. 200 CE located near the ancient city of Arsameia (today Eskikale), 55 km (34 mi) north east of Adıyaman in southeastern Turkey. It spans the Cendere Çayı (Chabinas Creek), a tributary of Kâhta Creek, on provincial road 02-03 from Kâhta to Sincik in Adıyaman Province. This bridge was described and pictured in 1883 by archeologists Osman Hamdi Bey and Osgan Efendi. It has a photo and description in David George Hogarth's Wandering Scholar.

Yervant Voskan
Yervant Voskan (1855 in Istanbul – 1914 in Istanbul) was an Armenian painter, sculptor, instructor, and administrator. He is the first known sculptor in modern Turkish sculpture history and as the first sculpture teacher at the Sanay-i Nefise he educated the first generation of Turkish sculptors.
Lots Road Power Station
Lots Road Power Station is a disused gas- and oil-fired power station (originally coal) on the River Thames at Lots Road in Chelsea, London in the south-west of the Royal Borough of Kensington & Chelsea, which supplied electricity to the London Underground system. It is sometimes erroneously referred to as Fulham Power Station, a name properly applied to another former station a mile south-west along the Tideway.

Tideway
The Tideway is the part of the River Thames in England which is subject to tides. This stretch of water is downstream from Teddington Lock. The Tideway comprises the upper Thames Estuary including the Pool of London.
Blues Singer
Blues Singer is the 12th studio album by Buddy Guy released in 2003 through Silvertone Records.

The album is all acoustic and dedicated to John Lee Hooker with the line, "In Memory of John Lee Hooker. You are missed."

Silvertone Records (1980)
Silvertone Records is a British record label owned by Sony Music UK. Originally an independent label under Clive Calder's Jive Records, it was eventually acquired by the Bertelsmann Music Group (BMG). This original BMG entity later merged with Sony Music, bringing the Jive catalogue to Sony as part of the Zomba Music Group. In 2017, Sony Music UK relaunched Silvertone as a label for left-field artists, signing acts from the indie, alt-folk, blues, and jazz genres.

The first and most notable signing to the label was the Stone Roses in the late 1980s, with whom the label later engaged in a protracted legal dispute. According to Jeff Fenster, former Senior VP of A&R at Jive Records/Silvertone Records, Silvertone began as a roots rock-focused label but evolved into an alternative music label. After Zomba acquired several Christian music labels, acts like Jars of Clay were transferred to Silvertone, where they released two platinum-selling records as part of the label's roster.
Hugh Proudfoot
John Hugh Proudfoot (18 May 1912 – 30 November 1980) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a breeder and lumberman by career.

The son of A.G. Proudfoot and Esther M. Creighton,
 Hugh Proudfoot was born in Fort-Coulonge, Quebec where he served as mayor from 1945 to 1950. In 1937, he married Iva Winifred Langford. In the 1949 federal election, he won a Parliamentary seat at the Pontiac—Témiscamingue riding. Proudfoot was re-elected for successive terms in 1953 and 1957, then in 1958 was defeated by Paul Martineau of the Progressive Conservative party.

Proudfoot died in 1980, aged 68.

1958 Canadian federal election
The 1958 Canadian federal election was held to elect members  of the House of Commons of Canada of the 24th Parliament of Canada on March 31, 1958, just nine months after the 23rd election. It transformed Prime Minister John Diefenbaker's minority into the largest majority government in Canadian history and the second-largest percentage of the popular vote; only Unionist Prime Minister Robert Borden’s triumph in the 1917 federal election, at 56.93 percent, was higher. Although the Tories would surpass their 1958-seat total in the 1984 election, the 1958 result (achieved in a smaller House) remains unmatched both in terms of percentage of seats (78.5%) and the size of the government majority over all opposition parties (a 151-seat majority). Voter turnout was 79.4%, the highest percentage of eligible electors to cast a ballot in Canadian federal election history.
Tamil Canadians
Tamil Canadians, or Canadian Tamils, are Canadians of Tamil ethno-linguistic origin. Much of Canada's Tamil diaspora consists of Sri Lankan Tamil refugees who sought to flee the ethnic tensions during the Sri Lankan Civil War between the 1970s and 2000s, while economic Tamil migrants also originate from India, Singapore and other parts of South Asia.

Canada's Tamil population is among the largest in the Western world, with Toronto being home to one of the largest Tamil-speaking populations outside of Asia.

From a population of fewer than 150 in 1983, Tamils have become one of the largest ethnic groups within the Greater Toronto Area, and form an increasing share of the overall Canadian population. As per the 2021 Canadian census, Tamil Canadians number approximately 240,000 and account for roughly 0.7% of Canada's population.

Tamil diaspora
The Tamil diaspora refers to descendants of the Tamil speaking immigrants who emigrated from their native lands in the southern Indian subcontinent (Tamil Nadu, Puducherry and Sri Lanka) to other parts of the world. They are found primarily in Malaysia, Arab states of the Persian Gulf, South Africa, North America, Western Europe, and Singapore. It can be divided into two main diasporic clusters, due to geographical, historical and cultural reasons, as Indian Tamil diaspora and Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora.

Four groups make up the bulk of the Tamil diaspora: colonial-era descendants of migrants to Southeast Asia, South Africa, East Africa, the Caribbean, and Fiji; recent, educated Tamil immigrants primarily to the U.S., Australia, and the U.K.; Sri Lankan Tamil refugees who resettled primarily in Canada, Western and Northern Europe, and Oceania between the 1980s and 2010s; and recent Tamil migration to the Gulf states of the Middle East as labor.
The Behinde
The Behinde is a mountain on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located 24 km (15 mi) southeast of Gold River and 2 km (1 mi) west of Golden Hinde.

The Behinde is a member of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.

Insular Mountains
The Insular Mountains are a range of mountains in the Pacific Coast Ranges on the Coast of British Columbia, Canada, comprising the Vancouver Island Ranges and Queen Charlotte Mountains. The Insular Mountains are rugged, particularly on Vancouver Island where peaks in Strathcona Provincial Park rise to elevations of more than 2,000 m (6,562 ft). The highest of these mountains is Golden Hinde on Vancouver Island, which rises to 2,196.818 m (7,207 ft).

Although the Coast Mountain Range is usually referred to as the westernmost range of the Pacific Cordillera (since it is the westernmost range on the main landmass at that point), the Insular Mountains are the true westernmost range.
Anni Frind
Anni Frind (3 February 1900 – 8 April 1987) was one of the most highly recorded lyric sopranos in Germany during the 1920s and 1930s.

Anni Frind was born into a German family in Nixdorf, a small town in Bohemia (now Czech Republic).

Lyric soprano
A lyric soprano is a type of operatic soprano voice that has a warm quality with a bright, full timbre that can be heard over an orchestra. The lyric soprano voice generally has a higher tessitura than a soubrette and usually plays ingenues and other sympathetic characters in opera. Lyric sopranos have a range from approximately middle C (C4) to "high D" (D6). This is the most common female singing voice. There is a tendency to divide lyric sopranos into two groups: light and full.
Praveen Dagar
Praveen Dagar is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was elected as a Member of the Haryana Legislative Assembly from the Hathin constituency in the 2019 Haryana Legislative Assembly election.

Hathin
Hathin is a town and a Municipal Committee in Palwal district of Haryana in India. It has the highest Muslim population in the Palwal district. It lies within the National Capital Region as well as the historical Mewat and Braj region of India
Zhegër incident (1999)
The Zhegër incident was a clash between U.S. Marines from the Kosovo Force (KFOR) and armed Serbs in the village of Zhegër on June 23, 1999, during NATO's peacekeeping mission in Kosovo, known as Operation Joint Guardian. The incident occurred when U.S. Marines from the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU), were attacked by gunmen at a checkpoint in the village of Zhegër, located southeast of Gjilan, Kosovo.

Gjilan
Gjilan (Albanian definite form: Gjilani) or Gnjilane (Serbian Cyrillic: Гњилане), is the fourth-largest city in Kosovo, functioning as both a municipality and the administrative centre of the Gjilan District. According to the 2024 census, the municipality has a population of 82,901, with the majority of residents living in the city itself.

The city lies in eastern Kosovo, within the Anamorava region, and enjoys strong transport links to the capital, Pristina, as well as to surrounding cities including Ferizaj, Kamenica, Preševo and Bujanovac.
City bus service no. 1 (Ljubljana)
City bus service number 1 Vižmarje – Mestni log is the second largest bus line of the 32 bus lines in Ljubljana, Slovenia.  It transports approximately 10,000,000 passengers every year. Geographically, it connects the northwest and southwest of Ljubljana, passing through Vižmarje, Šentvid, Trata, Šiška, Ajdovščina, Vič, Murgle, and Mestni log.

Šentvid (Ljubljana)
Šentvid (pronounced [ʃɛnˈtʋiːt]; formerly also Šent Vid nad Ljubljano, German: Sankt Veit) is a part of Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. Until 1974 an independent village in Upper Carniola, it is today the centre of the Šentvid District, one of the districts of the Municipality of Ljubljana.