hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
't Hooft symbol
The 't Hooft symbol is a collection of numbers which allows one to express the generators of the SU(2) Lie algebra in terms of the generators of Lorentz algebra. The symbol is a blend between the Kronecker delta and the Levi-Civita symbol. It was introduced by Gerard 't Hooft. It is used in the construction of the BPST instanton.

Gerard 't Hooft
Gerardus "Gerard" 't Hooft (Dutch: [ˈɣeːrɑrt ət ˈɦoːft]; born July 5, 1946) is a Dutch theoretical physicist and professor emeritus at Utrecht University, the Netherlands. He shared the 1999 Nobel Prize in Physics with his thesis advisor Martinus J. G. Veltman "for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions."

His work concentrates on gauge theory, black holes, quantum gravity and fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics. His contributions to physics include: a proof that gauge theories are renormalizable; dimensional regularization; and the holographic principle.
Alexei Chizhov
Alexei Rudolfovich Chizhov (Russian: Алексей Рудольфович Чижов; born October 15, 1964, in Izhevsk, then part of Udmurtia, Russian SFSR) is a Russian draughts player who has won the International Draughts World Championship ten times. His first world championship title was in 1988, and his most recent was in 2005. His eighth world championship title, in 1996, broke Isidore Weiss's record of seven world championship titles—a record which had stood for 87 years. USSR national champion (1990), Russian national champion (2016). In 2003, Chizhov headed the World Draughts Federation.

World Draughts Championship
The Draughts World Championship is the world championship in international draughts and is held every two years. In the even year following the tournament, the World Title match takes place. The championship began in 1885 in France and since 1948 has been organised by the World Draughts Federation (FMJD). The championship has had winners from the Netherlands, Canada, the Soviet Union, Senegal, Latvia, Russia and Ukraine.

The current champion is Jan Groenendijk.

Since 1998, there has been a Draughts World Championship held with a blitz time control (5 minutes plus an increment of 5 seconds per move). Since 2014 there has also been a Draughts World Championship held with a rapid time control (15 min + 5 sec per move).
Public Observatory Regensburg
The Public Observatory Regensburg (German: Volkssternwarte Regensburg) is an astronomical observatory located in Regensburg, Germany. Its history dates back to the year 1774 when Saint Emmeram's Abbey dedicated two towers to astronomical observations. For the most time, it served for educational purposes. Today it is run by a non-profit organization, the Verein der Freunde der Sternwarte Regensburg e.V.. The observatory is accessible for visitors on Friday evenings.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
Louis Gayant
Louis Gayant (died 1673) was a French surgeon and anatomist. He was one of the founding members of the French Academy of Sciences.

He was born at Clermont-en-Beauvaisis, and became a leading anatomist, but remained unpublished. He is given credit in the discovery by Jean Pecquet of the Cisterna chyli.

Gayant was associated with the Collège de Saint-Côme. He died at the Siege of Maastricht, while on active service as a military surgeon.

Siege of Maastricht (1673)
The Siege of Maastricht (1673) took place from 13 to 30 June 1673 during the 1672 to 1678 Franco-Dutch War. A French army captured the Dutch fortress of Maastricht, which occupied a key strategic position on the Meuse river and was their main objective for 1673.

The siege was conducted by Vauban and is thought to be the first use of a technique known as the "siege parallel", a concept that remained in use until the mid-20th century.

Unsuccessfully besieged by the Dutch in 1676, Maastricht was eventually returned under the terms of the 1678 Treaty of Nijmegen.
Zakai
Zakai or Zakkai (Hebrew: זכאי) is a Hebrew surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Zakai (1886 – 1978), member of the Second Aliyah, Hebrew teacher, Histadrut leader, Jewish journalist and publicist

Johanan ben Zakai, Mishnah rabbi

Mira Zakai (1942-2019),  Israeli contralto

Moshe Zakai (born 1926), Israeli scientist

Shafrira Zakai (born 1932), Israeli voice actress and translator

Shai Zakai

Shmuel Zakai (born 1963), Israeli general

Yehezkel Zakai (born 1932), Israeli politician

Moshe Zakai
Moshe Zakai (Hebrew: משה זכאי; December 22, 1926 – November 27, 2015) was a Distinguished Professor at the Technion, Israel in electrical engineering, member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities and Rothschild Prize winner.
Hypericum fieriense
Hypericum fieriense is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae. It is endemic to Socotra, an island archipelago that is part of Yemen. It grows in mountain shrubland dominated by Cephalocroton, where it can be found with the endemic tree Dracaena cinnabari. It is rarer than other local shrubby Hypericum species. It can be distinguished from them by its pubescent herbage.

Cephalocroton
Cephalocroton is a genus of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1841. It is native to central, eastern, and southern Africa from Nigeria and Ethiopia south to KwaZulu-Natal.

Use

The dead wood of some species can be used as a fumigant.

Species

Cephalocroton cordofanus Hochst. - Nigeria, Sudan, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania

Cephalocroton incanus M.G.Gilbert - Nigeria, Ethiopia

Cephalocroton mollis Klotzsch - Tanzania, Mozambuque, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Botswana, Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga

Cephalocroton polygynus Pax & K.Hoffm. - Somalia

formerly included

moved to other genera (Adenochlaena Cephalocrotonopsis Cladogynos Epiprinus Sumbaviopsis )
Rak Salai Dok Fai Ban
Rak Salai Dokfai Ban (Thai: รักสลายดอกฝ้ายบาน), is a song by Thai Mor lam singer Jintara Poonlarp, released in November 1998 by Master Tape (GMM Grammy). Written by Dao Bandon and produced by Sawat Sarakham, the track appears on the album Mor lam sa on 1.

This song is symbol of Red Cross's festival of Loei Province, and was covered by Darunee Sutthiphithak in 2017.

GMM Grammy
GMM Grammy Public Company Limited (Thai: จีเอ็มเอ็ม แกรมมี่ or stylized as G"MM' Grammy) is the largest media conglomerate entertainment company in Thailand. Top Grammy artists include Bird Thongchai, Silly Fools, Loso, Tai Orathai, Bie Sukrit, Tata Young, Mos Patiparn, Bodyslam, Getsunova, Joey Boy. In addition to its music business, the company is involved in concert production, artist management, film production, television production and publishing.

In 2023, GMM Grammy partnered with RS Group, another Thai music label, to establish a joint venture called Across the Universe.
Paixia station
Paixia Station (Chinese: 排下站; pinyin: Páixià zhàn; Fuzhounese: [pɛ˨˩ ɑ˨˦˨]) is a metro station of Line 1 of the Fuzhou Metro. It is located on the south of the intersection of Fuxia Road and South 3rd-Ring Road in Cangshan District, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. It started operation on May 18, 2016.

Fuzhou Metro
The Fuzhou Metro (simplified Chinese: 福州地铁; traditional Chinese: 福州地鐵; pinyin: Fúzhōu Dìtiě) is a rapid transit system in Fuzhou Metropolitan Area, Fujian Province, China. The first line was planned to open in 2014. Due to the construction difficulties and accidental archaeologic finding, the southern section (9.76 km (6.06 mi)) was delayed to 2016 and the northern section (15.13 km (9.40 mi)) was delayed to 2017. Currently, the Fuzhou Metro Network consists of five lines. They are operated by Fuzhou Metro Group (Lines 1, 4, 5, 6), and Fuzhou CETC Rail Transit Company (Line 2), respectively.

Fuzhou Metro was approved for construction on 3 June 2009. Trial service closed to the public began on 30 December 2015 and lasted for three months. The first operational line (the south section of Line 1 from Sanchajie Station to Fuzhou South Railway Station) started service on 18 May 2016. As of January 2024, Fuzhou Metro has 167.5 km of route and 119 stations open to service.
Rakhmanov (surname)
Rakhmanov (feminine: Rakhmanova) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Rakhmanov (born 1989), Russian chess grandmaster

Artsyom Rakhmanaw (born 1990), Belarusian footballer

Aza Rakhmanova (1932 – 2015), Russian AIDS and Hepatitis expert

Bakhodyr Rakhmanov (born 1964), Uzbekistani football player

Christine Rakhmanov (1760–1827), Russian actress and singer

Huseyn Rahmanov (1902–1938), Azerbaijani politician

Mikhail Rakhmanov (born 1992), Kazakhstani ice hockey player

Olga Rakhmanova (1871-1943), Russian actress and film director

Shavkat Rakhmonov (born 1994), Kazakh mixed martial artist

Sultan Rakhmanov (1950–2003), Ukrainian weightlifter

Vagif Rakhmanov (born 1940), Azerbaijani artist

Yuliya Rakhmanova (born 1991), Kazakhstani sprinter

Zamira Rakhmanova (born 1995), Russian wrestler

Zhurahon Rahmonov (1917–1977), founder of the theater named after Babur Osh, Kyrgyz Soviet film and theater actor

Huseyn Rahmanov
Huseyn Rahmanov (1 December 1902 in Baku – 21 April 1938) was an Azerbaijani and Soviet politician and statesman. He was the chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic from 12 December 1933 to 22 August 1937. He was one of those repressed in the 1930s, and during the Great Purge, he was arrested, accused of plotting against the Soviet state, sentenced to be shot dead and executed.
Mattel, Inc. v. MCA Records, Inc.
Mattel v. MCA Records, 296 F.3d 894 (9th Cir. 2002), was a series of lawsuits between Mattel and MCA Records that resulted from the 1997 hit single "Barbie Girl" by Danish-Norwegian group Aqua. The case was ultimately dismissed.

Federal Reporter
The Federal Reporter (ISSN 1048-3888) is a case law reporter in the United States that is published by West Publishing and a part of the National Reporter System. It begins with cases decided in 1880; pre-1880 cases were later retroactively compiled by West Publishing into a separate reporter, Federal Cases. The fourth and current Federal Reporter series publishes decisions of the United States courts of appeals and the United States Court of Federal Claims; prior series had varying scopes that covered decisions of other federal courts as well. Though the Federal Reporter is an unofficial reporter and West is a private company that does not have a legal monopoly over the court opinions it publishes, it has so dominated the industry in the United States that legal professionals, including judges, uniformly cite to the Federal Reporter for included decisions.  Approximately 30 new volumes are published each year.
West Central, Spokane
West Central is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington. As the name suggests it is located centrally on the west side of the city. Downtown Spokane is immediately east of the neighborhood, and spreads into West Central along Monroe Street in the Kendall Yards area. The neighborhood is diverse, with single and multi-family residential zones dating back to the early days of Spokane, a new mixed use development on the site of a former rail yard, the Spokane County Courthouse campus and associated government buildings and a few commercial districts. The Spokane River gorge winds around the southern and western edge of the neighborhood. It is home to Nettleton's Addition Historic District, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places in March 2006, and is also the largest historic district on the Washington State Heritage Register (as of 2005).

Washington State Heritage Register
The Washington Heritage Register is an official list of sites and properties found throughout Washington state, United States.

The Washington Heritage Register is administered by the Washington State Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, and it is governed by several state laws including RCW 27.34.200 and 25-12 WAC.

The register includes districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects which meet criteria as being significant to local or state history and culture. The register does not provide fiscal support to listed entries; instead, listing is an honorary designation which raises public awareness.

Sites which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places are automatically added to the Washington Heritage Register.
Girl from the Mountain Village
Girl from the Mountain Village (Swedish: Flickan från fjällbyn) is a 1948 Swedish drama film directed by Anders Henrikson and starring Bengt Blomgren,  Eva Dahlbeck and Carl Deurell. It was shot at the Sundbyberg Studios of Europa Film in Stockholm and on location in Härjedalen and Northern Norway.

Härjedalen Municipality
Härjedalen Municipality (Swedish: Härjedalens kommun, Southern Sami: Herjedaelien tjïelte) is a municipality in Jämtland County in northern Sweden. Its seat is located in Sveg.

The municipality roughly, but not exactly, corresponds with the traditional province Härjedalen.

The municipality was created in 1974 and is one of two in Sweden with the name of a province (Gotland Municipality is the other). It consists of nine original local government entities (as of 1863).
2019 European Throwing Cup
The 2019 European Throwing Cup was hold on 9–10 March in Šamorín, Slovakia. It is the 19th edition of the athletics competition for throwing events and was jointly organised by the European Athletic Association. The competition featured men's and women's contests in shot put, discus throw, javelin throw and hammer throw. In addition to the senior competitions, there were also under-23 events for younger athletes.

European Athletic Association
The European Athletic Association (EAA, more commonly known as European Athletics) is the governing body for athletics in Europe. It is one of the six Area Associations of the world's athletics governing body World Athletics. European Athletics has 51 members and is headquartered in Lausanne.

Originally created in 1932 as a European Committee, it was made into an independent body during the Bucharest conference of 1969. The first European Athletics congress took place in Paris on 6–8 October 1970, with Dutchman Adriaan Paulen elected as its first president. From a volunteer-led organization based in the acting Secretary's home country, European Athletics has developed into a professional organization with a permanent base in Switzerland.

European Athletics runs and regulates several championships and meetings across Europe – both indoor and outdoor.
Nihad
Nihad is an Arabic masculine given name. Notable people with the name are as follows:

Nihad Awad, American executive director

Nihad Đedović, Bosnian basketball player

Nihad Haj Moustafa, Syrian football player

Nihad Hasanović, Bosnian writer

Nihad Hrustanbegovic, Bosnian-Dutch composer

Ahmed Nihad, Pretender to the Ottoman throne

Nihad Nusseibeh (1926–1999), Palestinian military engineer and Fatah member

Nihad Quliyev

Nihad Hrustanbegovic
Nihad Hrustanbegović (born 7 June 1973) is a Bosnian-Dutch composer, accordionist and pianist from Amsterdam. He is considered to be one of the most prominent and successful solo concert accordion artists from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Netherlands.
Etibar Babayev
Etibar Babayev (born 15 December 1950, Baku) is an Azerbaijani scientist, tele-journalist, and pedagogue. A candidate to art, associate professor. A rector of Teleradio Academy under AzTV. Babayev won the  "Hacı Zeynalabdin Tağıyev" national award, "Qızıl qələm" journalistic award.

AzTV
AzTV or Azerbaijan Television (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Televiziyası) is a state-controlled national television station in Azerbaijan. It is the oldest television channel in the country, having first broadcast from Baku on 14 February 1956 in what was then the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union.
Selecta (song)
"Selecta" is a song by Dutch music producers and DJs Afrojack and Quintino. The single was released digitally on 2 May 2011 in the Netherlands.

The song was included on Superclub Ibiza in 2011, a volume of the Cream, Pacha, Gatecrasher and Ministry of Sound compilation series known as Superclub.

Gatecrasher
Gatecrasher is an international clubbing brand made famous by the "Gatecrasher" (later "Crasher") dance music events, which were held at the Republic nightclub in Sheffield, UK during the late 1990s and early 2000s. The promoters of the brand were Simon Raine and Simon Oates and, until 2004, Scott Bond. By August 2014, the only Gatecrasher venue remaining was located in the United Kingdom city of Birmingham. This venue was closed down permanently by the authorities on 25 November 2015.
Hellandbridge
Hellandbridge (Cornish: Ponshellan) is a hamlet in Cornwall, England, UK. It is about a mile west-northwest of the village of Helland (where the population at the 2011 census was included) on the River Camel and next to the railway line to Wenford Bridge.

Helland
Helland (Cornish: Hellann) is a civil parish and village in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated 2+1⁄2 miles (4.0 km) north of Bodmin. The meaning of the name Helland is unclear: it is possible that the origin is in Cornish hen & lan (i.e. old church). The original dedication of the church is unknown but St Helena is now recognised as the patron.

The village is referred to in the Domesday Book as Henland. It was only valued at 10 shillings and only five households are recorded, with one virgate of arable land, 4 acres (16,000 m2) of woodland and 20 of pasture.

Grade II listed Helland Bridge, built in the early 15th century crosses over the River Camel here.

Lancarffe is a house probably built in the 17th century which is a Grade II* listed building (at Grid ref. SX0825268948).

The parish has 2,483 acres (10.05 km2) of land.
Line 7 (CPTM)
Line 7 (Ruby) (Portuguese: Linha 7–Rubi), formerly Line A (Brown), is one of the thirteen lines that make up the São Paulo Metro Rail Transport Network, in Brazil and the only line operated by TIC Trens.

Transport in São Paulo
Transport in São Paulo plays a key role in the daily lives of the people of São Paulo and offers various methods of public transport that are offered in the city, including a complex bus system run by SPTrans, and various subway and railway lines. A contactless smartcard is used to pay fares for the buses, subway, and railway systems. São Paulo also has three airports.
1983 Detroit Tigers season
The 1983 Detroit Tigers season was the team's 83rd season and the 72nd season at Tiger Stadium. The Tigers finished in second place in the American League East with a record of 92–70 (.568), six games behind the Orioles.  The Tigers outscored their opponents 789 to 679.  The Tigers drew 1,829,636 fans to Tiger Stadium in 1983, ranking 8th of the 14 teams in the American League.

Tiger Stadium (Detroit)
Tiger Stadium, previously known as Navin Field and  Briggs Stadium, was a multi-use stadium located in the Corktown neighborhood of Detroit, Michigan, United States. The stadium was nicknamed "The Corner" for its location at the intersection of Michigan and Trumbull Avenues. It hosted the Detroit Tigers of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1912 to 1999, as well as the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL) from 1938 to 1939, 1941 to 1974. Tiger Stadium was declared a State of Michigan Historic Site in 1975 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

The last Tigers game at the stadium was held on September 27, 1999. In the decade after the Tigers vacated the stadium, several rejected redevelopment and preservation efforts finally gave way to the stadium's demolition, which was completed on September 21, 2009. The former playing field remained until 2018, when the site was redeveloped for youth sports as the Corner Ballpark.
Martello Tower (Barbuda)
The Martello Tower, also known as River Fort, is a former defensive fort located on a beach about three miles south of Codrington, Barbuda on River Road. It was built in the early 1800s and is located on the site of a former Spanish fort built in 1745. It is the tallest building in Barbuda at thirty-two feet tall. It is said to be the oldest martello tower in the Caribbean.

Martello tower
A Martello tower is a type of small defensive fort that was built across the British Empire during the 19th century, from the time of the French Revolutionary Wars onwards. Most were for coastal defense.

A Martello tower stands up to 40 feet (12 m) high, with two floors and a typical garrison of one officer and 15–25 men. The round structure and thick solid masonry walls made it resistant to cannon fire, while its height made it an ideal platform for a single heavy artillery piece, mounted on the flat roof and able to traverse over a complete 360 degrees. A few towers had moats or other batteries and works attached for extra defence.

The Martello tower was used during the first half of the 19th century, but became obsolete with the introduction of powerful rifled artillery. Many have survived to the present day, often preserved as historic monuments.
Gunar Kirchbach
Gunar Kirchbach (born 12 October 1971) is a German sprint canoer who competed in the mid-to-late 1990s. He won a gold medal in the C-2 1000 m event at the 1996 Summer Olympics, together with teammate Andreas Dittmer.

Kirchbach also won five medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds (C-2 1000 m: 1994, 1997) and three bronzes (C-2 500 m: 1993, 1995; C-2 1000 m: 1995).

1997 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1997 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada on Lake Banook.

The men's competition consisted of nine Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Eight events were held for the women, all in kayak. Women's K-1 1000 m and K-2 1000 m events were added.

This was the 28th championships in canoe sprint.
Ball detent
A ball detent is a simple mechanical arrangement used to hold a moving part in a temporarily fixed position relative to another part. Usually the moving parts slide with respect to each other, or one part rotates within the other.

The ball is a single, usually metal sphere, sliding within a bored cylinder, against the pressure of a spring, which pushes the ball against the other part of the mechanism, which carries the detent - which can be as simple as a hole of smaller diameter than the ball. When the hole is in line with the cylinder, the ball is partially pushed into the hole under spring pressure, holding the parts at that position. Additional force applied to the moving parts will compress the spring, causing the ball to be depressed back into its cylinder, and allowing the parts to move to another position.

Sphere
A sphere (from Ancient Greek σφαῖρα, sphaîra) is a surface analogous to the circle, a curve. In solid geometry, a sphere is the set of points that are all at the same distance r from a given point in three-dimensional space. That given point is the center of the sphere, and the distance r is the sphere's radius. The earliest known mentions of spheres appear in the work of the ancient Greek mathematicians.

The sphere is a fundamental surface in many fields of mathematics. Spheres and nearly-spherical shapes also appear in nature and industry. Bubbles such as soap bubbles take a spherical shape in equilibrium. The Earth is often approximated as a sphere in geography, and the celestial sphere is an important concept in astronomy. Manufactured items including pressure vessels and most curved mirrors and lenses are based on spheres. Spheres roll smoothly in any direction, so most balls used in sports and toys are spherical, as are ball bearings.