hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geographical distribution of German speakers
This article details the geographical distribution of speakers of the German language, regardless of the legislative status within the countries where it is spoken. In addition to the Germanosphere (German: Deutscher Sprachraum) in Europe, German-speaking minorities are present in many other countries and on all six inhabited continents.

Mostly depending on the inclusion or exclusion of certain varieties with a disputed status as separate languages or which were later acknowledged as separate languages (e.g., Low German/Plautdietsch), it is estimated that approximately 90–95 million people speak German as a first language, 10–25 million as a second language, and 75–100 million as a foreign language. This would imply approximately 175–220 million German speakers worldwide.

German Canadians
German Canadians (German: Deutschkanadier or Deutsch-Kanadier, pronounced [ˈdɔʏtʃkaˌnaːdi̯ɐ]) are Canadian citizens of German ancestry or Germans who emigrated to and reside in Canada. According to the 2021 census, there are 2,955,695 Canadians with full or partial German ancestry. Some immigrants came from what is today Germany, while larger numbers came from German settlements in Eastern Europe and Imperial Russia; others came from parts of the German Confederation, Austria-Hungary and Switzerland.
KPXL-TV
KPXL-TV (channel 26) is a television station licensed to Uvalde, Texas, United States, broadcasting the Ion Television network to the San Antonio area. Owned by the Ion Media subsidiary of the E. W. Scripps Company, KPXL-TV maintains transmitter facilities off Highway 173/RM Road 689 on the Medina–Bandera county line (west-northwest of Lakehills).

Bandera County, Texas
Bandera County (Spanish: "flag", /bænˈdɛrə/ ban-DERR-ə) is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. It is located in the Hill Country and its county seat is Bandera. Bandera county was settled by German and Polish emigrants in the mid 1800s. Many residents are descendants of those same emigrants.

As of the 2020 census, the population is 20,851. Bandera County is part of the San Antonio-New Braunfels metropolitan statistical area.

The county is officially recognized as the "Cowboy Capital of the World" by the Texas Legislature.
Kilifi weaver
The Kilifi weaver (Ploceus golandi), also known as Clarke's weaver, is a species of bird in the family Ploceidae.
It is endemic to Kenya.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

The name "Clarke's weaver" is after Captain Goland Clarke, brother of Stephenson Robert Clarke, who described the species.

Ploceidae
Ploceidae is a family of small passerine birds, many of which are called weavers, weaverbirds, weaver finches, or bishops. These names come from the nests of intricately woven vegetation created by birds in this family. In most recent classifications, the Ploceidae are a clade that excludes some birds that have historically been placed in the family, such as some of the sparrows, but which includes the monotypic subfamily Amblyospizinae. The family is believed to have originated in the mid-Miocene. All birds of the Ploceidae are native to the Old World, most in Africa south of the Sahara, though a few live in tropical areas of Asia. A few species have been introduced outside their native range.
Ostap
Ostap (Ukrainian: Остап) is a  Ukrainian male given name. It derives from the Greek name Eustathius.

People with this name include:

Ostap Bender, a fictional character from the Russian novel The Twelve Chairs

Ostap Dashkevych (ca. 1495–1535), commander of the Ukrainian Cossacks

Ostap Ortwin (1876–1942), Polish journalist

Ostap Steckiw (1924–2001), Polish-born Canadian soccer player

Ostap Veresai (1803–1890), Ukrainian minstrel

Ostap Vyshnya (1889–1956), Ukrainian writer, satirist, and medical official

Ostap Dashkevych
Ostaphii "Ostap" Dashkevych or Dashkovych (Ukrainian: Остафій Дашкевич, Остафій Іванович Дашкович; born in Ovruch 1470 – died after 1535) was one of the earliest recorded leaders of an organized Cossack defense force.

Dashkevych held a position of starosta in Cherkasy and Kaniv (1514–35). At the early stages of development of Cossacks he was informally referred to as a ataman. Some sources as well as oral tradition claim that Dashkevych lived past the age of 80, at which age he routed the Tatars at Cherkasy.
Harley Psalter
The Harley Psalter (British Library Harley MS 603) is an illuminated manuscript of the second and third decades of the 11th century, with some later additions. It is a Latin psalter on vellum, measures 380 x 310 mm and was probably produced at Christ Church, Canterbury. The most likely patron of such a costly work would have been the Archbishop of Canterbury at the time, possibly Æthelnoth, who was consecrated in 1020 and remained at Canterbury until 1038.

Æthelnoth (archbishop of Canterbury)
Æthelnoth (died 1038) was the archbishop of Canterbury from 1020 until his death. Descended from an earlier English king, Æthelnoth became a monk prior to becoming archbishop. While archbishop, he travelled to Rome and brought back saints' relics. He consecrated a number of other bishops who came from outside his archdiocese, leading to some friction with other archbishops. Although he was regarded as a saint after his death, there is little evidence of his veneration or of a cult in Canterbury or elsewhere.
Disney's Animated Storybook
Disney's Animated Storybook (stylized as Disney's Animated StoryBook, and also known as Disney's Story Studio) is a point-and-click adventure interactive storybook video game series based on Walt Disney Feature Animation and Pixar films that were released during the mid-to-late 1990s. They were published by Disney Interactive for personal computers (Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh) for children ages four to eight years old. Starting from 1994, most of the entries in the series were developed by Media Station. They have the same plots as their respective films, though abridged due to the limited medium.

7th Level
7th Level was a video game development company based in Dallas, Texas and founded in 1993. Notable game titles by the company include: the three Monty Python games (with the aid of Python member Eric Idle); G-Nome (1997), a MechWarrior-style game; Helicops (1997), an anime-inspired game that featured arcade-style aerial combat; and Tracer, a game where the player hacked  computer systems distributed for cash by using a virtual avatar in the design of Neuromancer, Shadowrun, or Snowcrash-styled virtual worlds.
WOAD (AM)
WOAD (1300 kHz) is an AM radio station licensed to Jackson, Mississippi, with an urban gospel format. WOAD is owned by Connoisseur Media through licensee Alpha Media Licensee LLC.  Along with five other sister stations, its studios are located in Ridgeland, a suburb of Jackson, while the transmitter tower is in the northside of Jackson.

Urban contemporary gospel
Urban/contemporary gospel, also known as urban gospel music, urban gospel pop, or just simply urban gospel, is a modern subgenre of gospel music. Although the style developed gradually, early forms are generally dated to the 1970s, and the genre was well established by the end of the 1980s. The radio format is pitched primarily to African-Americans. Christian hip hop can be considered a subtype of this genre.
One Shall Be Taken
One Shall Be Taken is a 1942 detective novel by the British writer Anne Hocking. It was published in London by Geoffrey Bles. Written during the Golden Age of Detective Fiction, it is the fourth entry in her series featuring Chief Superintendent William Austen of Scotland Yard.

Golden Age of Detective Fiction
The Golden Age of Detective Fiction was an era of classic murder mystery novels of similar patterns and styles, predominantly in the 1920s and 1930s. While the Golden Age proper is usually taken to refer to works from that period, this type of fiction has been written since at least 1911 and is still being written.

In his history of the detective story, Bloody Murder: From the Detective Story to the Crime Novel, the author Julian Symons heads two chapters devoted to the Golden Age as "the Twenties" and "the Thirties". Symons notes that Philip Van Doren Stern's article, "The Case of the Corpse in the Blind Alley" (1941), "could serve ... as an obituary for the Golden Age." Authors Agatha Christie, Dorothy L. Sayers, Margery Allingham, and Ngaio Marsh have been collectively called the Queens of Crime.
Stacy (given name)
Stacy, sometimes spelled Stacey, Staci, Stacie, or Stacii, is a common first name for women and men. It is also sometimes used as a surname.

Baby-naming guides cite two English derivations of Greek origins: Anastasia, meaning "resurrection", for girls, and Eustace (Eustathios), meaning "steadfast", for boys.

Daria
Daria is an American teen animated sitcom created by Glenn Eichler and Susie Lewis Lynn. The series ran from March 3, 1997, to January 21, 2002, on MTV. It centers on the titular character, Daria Morgendorffer, an intelligent, cynical high school student, voiced by Tracy Grandstaff, who had voiced the character in Mike Judge's earlier animated series, Beavis and Butt-Head.

It is a spin-off of Beavis and Butt-Head, in which Daria appeared as a recurring character. Although Judge allowed the character to star in a spin-off, he had no involvement in the production of Daria himself, as he was busy working on King of the Hill.
Lagayan
Lagayan, officially the Municipality of Lagayan (Ilocano: Ili ti Lagayan; Adasen: Ili u Lagayan; Filipino: Bayan ng Lagayan), is a  municipality in the province of Abra, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 5,154 people.

Isnag language
Isnag (also called Isneg a term used by the Ilocanos) is an Austronesian language spoken by around 50,101 Isnag people of Apayao Province in the Cordillera Administrative Region in the northern Philippines, who are also found in parts of Cagayan and Ilocos Norte. Their populations are distributed across the municipalities of Calanasan, Kabugao, Pudtol, Flora, Luna, Santa Marcela, and Conner in Apayao; the eastern part of Ilocos Norte, specifically Adams, Carasi, Dumalneg, Vintar, Marcos, Dingras, Solsona, Bangui, and Pagudpud; the northwestern part of Cagayan, particularly Santa Praxedes, Claveria, Sanchez Mira, and Pamplona; and the northern part of Abra, particularly Tineg. Around 85% of Isnag are capable of reading the Isnag language. Many Isnag speakers also speak Ilocano.
Blatno, Brežice
Blatno (pronounced [ˈblaːtnɔ]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Brežice in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Lower Sava Statistical Region
The Lower Sava Statistical Region (Slovene: posavska statistična regija; until December 31, 2014 spodnjeposavska statistična regija) is a statistical region in Slovenia. It has good traffic accessibility and is located in the Sava and Krka Valleys, with hilly areas with vineyards and an abundance of water. It is the second-smallest statistical region in Slovenia. The only nuclear power plant in the country and Čatež spa are located in the region. The region annually spends EUR 22 million on environmental protection. In 2013, the employment rate in the region was 57.5%. The region was characterized by the largest difference between the employment rate for men and for women (for men it was 12 percentage points higher than for women). In 2013 this region also stood out in number of convicted persons per 1,000 population (8.3).
Pico Codazzi Natural Monument
The Pico Codazzi Natural Monument (Spanish: Monumento Natural Pico Codazzi) Also Codazzi Peak Natural Monument Is a protected area with the status of a natural monument located in the Aragua State in the center of northern Venezuela. It was created in 1991 to connect the Henri Pittier National Park with the Macarao National Park and constitutes one of the highest peaks of the Cordillera de la Costa. It covers an area of 11,850 ha.

Its highest peak, the Codazzi peak, also called the picacho, has height references that vary between 1818 msnm2 and 2429 msnm, making it one of the highest mountains of the Aragua State and the Cordillera de la Costa.

The Pico Codazzi Natural Monument is located in the Ribas municipality. The eastern boundary of Pico Codazzi is determined by the road that connects La Victoria with Colonia Tovar.

Venezuelan Coastal Range
The Venezuelan Coastal Range (Spanish: Cordillera de la Costa or Serranía de la Costa), also known as Venezuelan Caribbean Mountain System (Spanish: Sistema Montañoso Caribe), is a mountain range system and one of the eight natural regions of Venezuela, that runs along the central and eastern portions of Venezuela's northern coast. The range is a northeastern extension of the Andes, and is also known as the  Maritime Andes. It covers around 48,866 km2, being the 4th largest natural region in Venezuela.
Grávalos
Grávalos is a village in the province and autonomous community of La Rioja, Spain. It's 72 km. from the city of Logroño.
Traditional tales talk about Gravalos like belong to Arnedo.
It was in first times a Roman villa. In medieval ages belonged to Arnedo until 1669. In that year Gravalos become an independent municipality, but still remained as a possession of the Arnedo's Church. The municipality covers an area of 31.91 square kilometres (12.32 sq mi) and as of 2011 had a population of 234 people.

Logroño
Logroño (UK: /lɒˈɡrɒnjoʊ/ ⓘ log-RON-yoh, US: /ləˈɡroʊnjoʊ, loʊˈ-/ lə-GROHN-yoh, loh-, Spanish: [loˈɣɾoɲo] ⓘ) is the capital of the autonomous community of La Rioja, Spain. Located in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, primarily in the right (South) bank of the Ebro River, Logroño has historically been a place of passage, such as the Camino de Santiago. Its borders were disputed between the Iberian kingdoms of Castille, Navarre and Aragon during the Middle Ages.

The population of the city in 2021 was 150,808 while the metropolitan area included nearly 200,000 inhabitants. The city is a centre of trade of Rioja wine, for which the area is noted, and manufacturing of wood, metal and textile products.
2022 Little Rock Challenger – Doubles
Nicolás Barrientos and Ernesto Escobedo were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Andrew Harris and Christian Harrison won the title after defeating Robert Galloway and Max Schnur 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Ernesto Escobedo
Ernesto "Neto" Escobedo III (/ˈnɛtoʊ ˌɛskəˈbeɪdoʊ/ NET-oh ES-kə-BAYD-oh; Spanish: [eɾˈnesto ˈneto eskoˈβeðo], born 4 July 1996) is a Mexican-American former professional tennis player who had a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 67, achieved on 17 July 2017 and a best doubles ranking of No. 296, achieved on 16 May 2022.
2011 Aegon International – Men's singles
Michaël Llodra was the defending champion, but chose not to compete.

Andreas Seppi won the title, defeating Janko Tipsarević in the final after Tipsarević retired with Seppi leading 7–6(7–5), 3–6, 5–3.

Andreas Seppi
Andreas Seppi (born 21 February 1984) is an Italian former professional tennis player. He reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 18 on 28 January 2013. He became the first Italian to win a title on all three surfaces.
2020–21 Tulane Green Wave men's basketball team
The 2020–21 Tulane Green Wave men's basketball team represented Tulane University during the 2020–21 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Green Wave, led by second-year head coach Ron Hunter, played their home games at Devlin Fieldhouse in New Orleans, Louisiana, as seventh-year members of the American Athletic Conference. They finished the season 10-13, 4-12 in AAC Play to finish in 10th place. They defeated Tulsa in the first round of the AAC tournament before losing in the quarterfinals to Houston.

2020–21 Houston Cougars men's basketball team
The 2020–21 Houston Cougars men's basketball team represented the University of Houston during the 2020–21 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Cougars were led by seventh-year head coach Kelvin Sampson as members of the American Athletic Conference. It was the third season that the team played its home games at the Fertitta Center.  They won their first ever AAC tournament to clinch an auto-bid to the NCAA tournament, where they were selected as a #2 seed in the Midwest Region.  The team advanced to the Final Four for the first time since 1984. They eventually lost to Baylor in the Final Four who went on to become the national champions that season.
XV Corps (India)
The XV Corps, also known as the Chinar Corps, is a Corps of the Indian Army which is presently located in Srinagar and responsible for military operations in the Kashmir Valley. It has participated in all military conflicts with Pakistan and China to date. Lieutenant General Prashant Srivastava is the current Corps Commander since 05 October 2024 taking over from Lt Gen Rajiv Ghai.

Kashmir Valley
The Kashmir Valley, also known as the Vale of Kashmir, is an intermontane valley in the northern part of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. The valley is surrounded by the ranges of the Himalayas, bounded on the southwest by the Pir Panjal Range and on the northeast by the Greater Himalayan Range. It is approximately 135 km (84 mi) long and 32 km (20 mi) wide, and drained by the Jhelum River. It falls entirely within the Kashmir Division of Jammu and Kashmir.
Carolyn Parrish
Carolyn Parrish (born Karolina Janozeski; October 3, 1946) is a Canadian politician who has been the seventh and current mayor of Mississauga since June 24, 2024. Parrish previously served as a member of Parliament (MP), representing ridings in Mississauga from 1993 to 2006. She sat as a Liberal until 2004. She was a Mississauga city councillor from 2006 to 2010 and later from 2014 to 2024 when she resigned to contest the 2024 by-election for mayor.

Mississauga City Council
Mississauga City Council is the governing body of the city of Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. The council consists of the mayor and 11 councillors elected to serve a four-year term. The last general municipal election was held October 24, 2022; a by-election for Ward 5 councillor and city-wide mayoral by-election were held on June 10, 2024. The next general municipal election will be held on October 26, 2026. All members of council, including the mayor, are also simultaneously members of the Peel Regional Council.
2017 Copa Venezuela
The 2017 Copa Venezuela was the 48th edition of the competition. It began with the first round on 26 April and finished with the second leg of the final on 29 November 2017. The winner qualified to the 2018 Copa Sudamericana.

Primera División side Zulia were the defending champions, but they were eliminated by Ureña in the quarter-finals.

Mineros won the title after defeating Zamora in the final, 5–4 on aggregate.

Zulia F.C.
Zulia Fútbol Club was a professional football club that last competed in the Primera División Venezolana. The club was based in Maracaibo, Zulia State, Venezuela, and it's internationally recognized for its participation in the 2019 Copa Sudamericana, where the club was eliminated by Colón de Santa Fe, Argentinian club, in quarter-finals.

On 12 December 2022, it was announced that Zulia would merge into Segunda División side Deportivo Rayo Zuliano, with the latter taking the former's place in the Venezuelan Primera División. The merger was officially confirmed on 28 January 2023.
Pontellidae
Pontellidae is a family of copepods in the order Calanoida, containing the following genera:

Anomalocera Templeton, 1837

Calanopia Dana, 1852

Epilabidocera C. B. Wilson, 1932

Isocope Brady, 1915

Ivellopsis Claus, 1893

Labidocera Lubbock, 1853

Pontella Dana, 1846

Pontellina Dana, 1852

Pontellopsis Brady, 1883

Copepod
Copepods (/ˈkoʊpəpɒd/; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthic (living on the sediments), several species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses of plants (phytotelmata) such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater caves, sinkholes, or stream beds. Copepods are sometimes used as biodiversity indicators.
Paris Sonata
Paris Sonata (Simplified Chinese: 巴黎恋歌; Traditional Chinese: 巴黎戀歌) is a 2006 Chinese television series starring Ruby Lin, Ren Quan and Leanne Liu in the lead roles, and it premiered on Guangdong Television on July 2, 2006.

Guangdong Television
Guangdong Television (GDTV; Chinese: 广东电视台; pinyin: Guǎngdōng Diànshì Tái; Jyutping: Gwong2 dung1 din6 si6 toi4) is a television station in Guangzhou, Guangdong province in China. Guangdong TV is the oldest television station in the province, which covers Guangdong and surrounding provinces. At present, Guangdong TV has a staff of around 1,800 people.
Damon Knight bibliography
This is a bibliography of works by Damon Knight.

The bibliography is in chronological order of first publication of the books.  In most cases only first editions are shown for each title.  In some cases, multiple editions are shown if the title was changed; this happened for Hell's Pavement, for example.  Some other variant titles are listed separately, with notes indicating what the original titles were.

The main bibliographic sources are footnoted from this paragraph and provided much of the information in the following sections.  Some footnotes annotating specific points are provided at the appropriate places below.

Off Center (short story collection)
Off Center is a collection of five science fiction short stories by Damon Knight. They stories were originally published between 1952 and 1964 in Galaxy, If and other science fiction magazines.

The first printing, by Ace, was bound dos-à-dos with Knight's The Rithian Terror as Ace Double M-113. In 1969, the book was re-issued in the UK by Gollancz with the title Off Centre; the novella was omitted and three additional stories were included: "Dulcie and Decorum", "Masks" and "To Be Continued".
Lee Young-ae
Lee Young-ae (Korean: 이영애; born January 31, 1971) is a South Korean actress. She is best known for her appearances in the historical drama Jewel in the Palace (2003), in Hur Jin-ho's film One Fine Spring Day (2001), in Park Chan Wook's films Joint Security Area (2000) and Lady Vengeance (2005). For her performance in the latter, she received Best Actress awards at the 38th Sitges Film Festival, 26th Blue Dragon Film Awards and 42nd Baeksang Arts Awards.

26th Blue Dragon Film Awards
The 26th Blue Dragon Film Awards ceremony was held on November 29, 2005, at the KBS Hall in Yeouido, Seoul, South Korea. Hosted by actors Jung Joon-ho and Kim Hye-soo, it was presented by Sports Chosun and broadcast on KBS.
Dysorthography
Dysorthography is a disorder of spelling which accompanies dyslexia by a direct consequence of the phonological disorder. In the American classification from the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and the classification from the World Health Organization (WHO), it is a subtype of specific learning disorder with impairment in written expression.

American Psychiatric Association
38°52′47″N 77°01′30″W﻿ / ﻿38.879713°N 77.025061°W﻿ / 38.879713; -77.025061

The American Psychiatric Association (APA) is the main professional organization of psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists in the United States, and the largest psychiatric organization in the world. It has more than 39,200 members who are involved in psychiatric practice, research, and academia representing a diverse population of patients in more than 100 countries. The association publishes various journals and pamphlets, as well as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The DSM codifies psychiatric conditions and is used mostly in the United States as a guide for diagnosing mental disorders.

The organization has its headquarters in Washington, D.C.