hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2010 Brașov Challenger
The 2010 Brașov Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. This was the 15th edition of the tournament which is part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Brașov, Romania between 7 September and 12 September 2010.

Radu Albot
Radu Albot (born 11 November 1989) is a Moldovan professional tennis player. He achieved a career high ranking of No. 39 on 5 August 2019, making him the highest ranked player from Moldova. He is the first player from Moldova to win ATP Tour titles in singles (2019 Delray Beach Open) and in doubles (2015 Istanbul Open). He is also the first Moldovan to break into the top 100 on 27 July 2015 and four years later in the top 50. He is currently the No. 1 Moldovan player.
He finished in the top 100 in the year-end rankings for five years (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020). His year-end career high was world No. 46 achieved in 2019.

Albot has won one ATP singles and one doubles title, 9 singles and 10 doubles Challenger titles in his career, as well as 14 singles and 7 doubles Futures titles. He has been a regular member of the Moldovan Davis Cup team since 2007 and holds his country's records for the most singles wins (30) and total wins (43).
Recursive largest first algorithm
The Recursive Largest First (RLF) algorithm is a heuristic for the NP-hard graph coloring problem. It was originally proposed by Frank Leighton in 1979.

The RLF algorithm assigns colors to a graph’s vertices by constructing each color class one at a time. It does this by identifying a maximal independent set of vertices in the graph, assigning these to the same color, and then removing these vertices from the graph. These actions are repeated on the remaining subgraph until no vertices remain.

To form high-quality solutions (solutions using few colors), the RLF algorithm uses specialized heuristic rules to try to identify "good quality" independent sets. These heuristics make the RLF algorithm exact for bipartite, cycle, and wheel graphs. In general, however, the algorithm is approximate and may well return solutions that use more colors than the graph’s chromatic number.

NP-hardness
In computational complexity theory, a computational problem H is called NP-hard if, for  every problem L which can be solved in non-deterministic polynomial-time, there is a polynomial-time reduction from L to H. That is, assuming a solution for H takes 1 unit time, H's solution can be used to solve L in polynomial time. As a consequence, finding a polynomial time algorithm to solve a single NP-hard problem would give polynomial time algorithms for all the problems in the complexity class NP. As it is suspected, but unproven, that P≠NP, it is unlikely that any polynomial-time algorithms for NP-hard problems exist.

A simple example of an NP-hard problem is the subset sum problem.

Informally, if H is NP-hard, then it is at least as difficult to solve as the problems in NP. However, the opposite direction is not true: some problems are undecidable, and therefore even more difficult to solve than all problems in NP, but they are provably not NP-hard (unless P=NP).
1987 Women's World Open Squash Championship
The 1987 Women's Honda World Open Squash Championship was the women's edition of the 1987 World Open, which serves as the individual world championship for squash players. The event took place at the Henderson Squash Club and YMCA Stadium in Auckland in New Zealand between September 29 and October 6, 1987. Susan Devoy won her second World Open title, defeating Lisa Opie in a repeat of the 1985 final.

Lisa Opie
Lisa Jane Opie MBE (born on 15 August 1963) is a retired British squash player, who was one of the game's leading woman players in the 1980s and early 1990s. Her biggest successes were winning the British Open in 1991 and four consecutive World Team Championships from 1985 to 1990. Until the rise of Cassie Campion, Lisa was England's number 1 player.
Frank Rauscher III
Frank J. Rauscher III was an American researcher at The Wistar Institute in Philadelphia. Rauscher is also a professor of genetics at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. He graduated from Moravian College in 1979. His research focuses on mechanisms responsible for gene silencing during development and homeostasis and disruptions associated with the initiation of tumors.

When Rauscher first arrived at Wistar, one of his research priorities was the tumor suppressor gene wt1 and its role in the development of Wilms' tumor. Rauscher's research found that if wt1 is mutated, cells of the kidney might continue to grow out of control.

Rauscher is the former editor-in-chief of the journal Cancer Research. He is the son of Frank J. Rauscher, Jr., former director of the National Cancer Institute.

Cancer Research (journal)
Cancer Research is a biweekly peer-reviewed medical journal published by the American Association for Cancer Research. It covers research on all aspects of cancer and cancer-related biomedical sciences and was established in 1941. The editor-in-chief is Chi Van Dang.

The journal was established in 1916 as the Journal of Cancer Research, was renamed American Journal of Cancer in 1931, and obtained its current name in 1941.
Nonlinear expectation
In probability theory, a nonlinear expectation is a nonlinear generalization of the expectation. Nonlinear expectations are useful in utility theory as they more closely match human behavior than traditional expectations. The common use of nonlinear expectations is in assessing risks under uncertainty. Generally, nonlinear expectations are categorized into sub-linear and super-linear expectations dependent on the additive properties of the given sets. Much of the study of nonlinear expectation is attributed to work of mathematicians within the past two decades.

Utility
In economics, utility is a measure of a certain person's satisfaction from a certain state of the world. Over time, the term has been used with at least two meanings.

In a normative context, utility refers to a goal or objective that we wish to maximize, i.e., an objective function. This kind of utility bears a closer resemblance to the original utilitarian concept, developed by moral philosophers such as Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill.

In a descriptive context, the term refers to an apparent objective function; such a function is revealed by a person's behavior, and specifically by their preferences over lotteries, which can be any quantified choice.

The relationship between these two kinds of utility functions has been a source of controversy among both economists and ethicists, with most maintaining that the two are distinct but generally related.
Josh Gorges
Joshua Daniel Gorges (born August 14, 1984) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. He is of German ancestry; his grandparents emigrated from Germany to Canada. Gorges played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the San Jose Sharks, Montreal Canadiens and Buffalo Sabres.

2003–04 WHL season
The 2003–04 WHL season was the 38th season of the Western Hockey League (WHL). Twenty teams completed a 72-game season. The defending champion Kelowna Rockets won their second consecutive Scotty Munro Memorial Trophy for the best regular season record; however, they failed to defend their playoff title as the Medicine Hat Tigers won the President's Cup, their fourth in team history, defeating the expansion Everett Silvertips in the championship series. This gave Medicine Hat a berth in the 2004 Memorial Cup tournament, which, because it was hosted by Kelowna, also featured the Rockets, who went on to win the tournament.
Louletano D.C.
Louletano Desportos Clube is a Portuguese club from Loulé, founded on 6 June 1923. The association football team currently play in the Campeonato Nacional de Seniores (Portuguese fourth level), D series.

The club plays at the Estádio Algarve, a stadium which it shared with Sporting Clube Farense between 2004 and 2013, when that club moved back to a renovated Estádio de São Luís. Some home matches are played at the Loulé Municipal Stadium.

Campeonato de Portugal (league)
The Campeonato de Portugal (Portuguese for "Championship of Portugal") is the fourth level of the Portuguese football league system. Together with the third-tier Liga 3, it is organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF).

The Campeonato de Portugal was introduced in 2013 as the new third-level championship, under the name Campeonato Nacional de Seniores (Seniors National Championship), replacing the Segunda Divisão and Terceira Divisão (former third and fourth divisions, respectively). On 22 October 2015, it adopted its current naming. 
With the creation of the Liga 3 as the new third division from the 2021–22 season, the Campeonato de Portugal was demoted one level.
Pyrovalerone
Pyrovalerone (Centroton, 4-Methyl-β-keto-prolintane, Thymergix, O-2371) is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that acts as a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI). It was developed in the 1980s and had briefly been approved in Spain and France for chronic fatigue or lethargy and as an appetite suppressant, but was withdrawn from both markets around 2001 due to safety concerns including problems with abuse and dependence. It is closely related on a structural level to a number of other cathinone stimulants, such as α-PVP, MDPV and prolintane.

Side effects of pyrovalerone include decreased appetite, anxiety, fragmented sleep or insomnia, and trembling, shaking, or muscle tremors. Withdrawal symptoms following abuse upon discontinuation often results in depression.

The R-enantiomer of pyrovalerone is devoid of pharmacologic activity.

Anorectic
An anorectic is a drug that reduces appetite, resulting in lower food consumption, leading to weight loss. These substances work by affecting the central nervous system or certain neurotransmitters to create a feeling of fullness or reduce the desire to eat. The understanding of anorexiant effects is crucial in the development of interventions for weight management, eating disorders, and related health concerns. The anorexiant effect can be induced through diverse mechanisms, ranging from hormonal regulation to neural signaling. Ghrelin, leptin, and peptide YY are among the hormones involved in appetite control. Additionally, neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine in the central nervous system contribute significantly to the regulation of food intake.

By contrast, an appetite stimulant is referred to as orexigenic.

The term is (from the Greek ἀν- an- 'without' and ὄρεξις órexis 'appetite'), and such drugs are also known as anorexigenic, anorexiant, or appetite suppressant.
Anasuyamma Gari Alludu
Anasuyamma Gari Alludu (transl. Anasuyamma's Son-in-law) is a 1986 Indian Telugu-language comedy film, produced by Nandamuri Harikrishna under the Ramakrishna Cine Studios banner and directed by A. Kodandarami Reddy. It stars Nandamuri Balakrishna, Bhanupriya, Sharada  and music composed by Chakravarthy. The film was remade in Tamil as Vairagyam starring Prabhu.

Bhanupriya
Bhanupriya (born Manga Anandha Bhanu; 15 January 1964) is an Indian actress and dancer. In a four decade old career, she has appeared in 165 feature films, predominantly in Telugu and Tamil, and a few in Malayalam, Kannada and Hindi films. She has starred in a variety of roles, which garnered her three state Nandi Awards, two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, two Filmfare Awards South and two Cinema Express Awards.
Sea Monsters: A Prehistoric Adventure
Sea Monsters: A Prehistoric Adventure (also called Sea Monsters) is a 2007 American IMAX 3D documentary film by National Geographic, about prehistoric marine reptiles. It alternates modern-day sequences about the work of scientists studying the animals with computer-animated scenes depicting the prehistoric past.

Sea Monsters was well received by critics. The tie-in video game, however, was heavily criticized.

Nothosaurus
Nothosaurus ('false lizard', from the Ancient Greek νόθος, nothos, 'illegitimate' and σαῦρος, sauros, 'lizard') is an extinct genus of sauropterygian reptile from the Triassic period, approximately 245–228 million years ago, with fossils being distributed throughout the former Tethys Ocean, from North Africa and Europe to China. It is the best known member of the nothosaur order.
Ion Bîrlădeanu
Ion Bîrlădeanu (born 1 August 1958) is a retired Romanian sprint kayaker. He won a bronze medal in the K-1 1000 m event at the 1980 Olympics, placing sixth in the doubles. He also won seven medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-2 10000 m: 1979), five silvers (K-1 500 m: 1981, K-1 1000 m: 1979, 1981; K-2 500 m: 1978, K-4 1000 m: 1978), and one bronze (K-2 10000 m: 1981).

Bîrlădeanu spent most of his career with Steaua București, and after retiring from competitions worked as a coach there. Later he trained the national junior and senior teams, and in 2005 became president of the Romanian Canoe and Kayak Federation.

1979 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1979 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Duisburg, West Germany.

The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the fifteenth championships in canoe sprint. It was where an incident later referred to as The Česiunas Affair took place when Soviet-born Lithuanian canoer Vladas Česiūnas appeared at the event as a spectator only to vanish. The West German government claimed Česiunas had defected, but the former canoer had returned to the Soviet Union voluntarily several weeks later. During Česiunas' disappearance, he would speak in favor of the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott, more than two months before the Soviet–Afghan War, but later returned to the Soviet Embassy in Bonn. The Soviets toned down their rhetoric about Česiunas' "disappearance" in the West and changed his mind all the while West Germany continued to maintain that he had been kidnapped.
North Shropshire (UK Parliament constituency)
North Shropshire is a constituency in the county of Shropshire, represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament by Helen Morgan of the Liberal Democrats after a by-election on 16 December 2021, and retained by her with an increased majority in the 2024 general election. The former MP, Owen Paterson of the Conservatives, resigned his seat on 5 November 2021 when faced with suspension from the Commons for a breach of advocacy rules and the consequent possibility of a recall petition. The seat had previously been a safe seat for the Conservatives.

Ceremonial counties of England
Ceremonial counties, formally known as counties for the purposes of the lieutenancies, are areas of England to which lord-lieutenants are appointed.  A lord-lieutenant is the monarch's representative in an area.

Shrieval counties have the same boundaries and serve a similar purpose, being the areas to which high sheriffs are appointed. High sheriffs are the monarch's judicial representative in an area.

The ceremonial counties are defined in the Lieutenancies Act 1997, and the shrieval counties in the Sheriffs Act 1887. Both are defined as groups of counties used for local government.
Inwood (surname)
Inwood is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

George Inwood (1906–1940), Home Guard Section Commander posthumously awarded the George Cross

Glenn Inwood (born 1968), New Zealand public relations specialist

Henry William Inwood (1794–1843), English architect and classical scholar, the son of architect William Inwood

Richard Inwood (1946–2019), Bishop of Bedford

Roy Inwood (1890–1971), Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross

Steve Inwood (born 1947–2025), American actor

William Inwood (c. 1771 – 1843), English architect

William Inwood
William Inwood (c. 1771 – 16 March 1843) was an English architect and surveyor, whose most important works, including St Pancras New Church and Westminster Hospital, were done in collaboration with his sons.
Wasco, Illinois
Wasco is a former unincorporated community that became part of the village of Campton Hills, Illinois, when it was formed in 2007. Wasco is in Kane County, 40 miles (64 km) west of Chicago. It has a post office (ZIP Code 60183), a few restaurants, and an elementary school. The community is located along Illinois Route 64 approximately 4 miles (6 km) west of St. Charles and is at the center of the village of Campton Hills. The area outside the downtown section is mostly residential homes, spanning several blocks.

St. Charles, Illinois
St. Charles or Saint Charles is a city in Kane and DuPage Counties, Illinois, United States. The population was 33,081 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 33,482 in 2024. It lies roughly 35 miles west of Chicago on Illinois Route 64. The official city slogan is "Pride of the Fox", after the Fox River that runs through the center of town. St. Charles is part of a tri-city area along with Geneva and Batavia, all western Chicago suburbs of similar size and socioeconomic condition.
Slaven (given name)
Slaven is a masculine Slavic given name.
Cognates include Slavko. Czech feminine form is Slavena.

Notable people with the name include:

Slaven Bačić, Serbian Croat lawyer

Slaven Bilić, Croatian football manager and former football player

Slaven Čupković, Serbian football player

Slaven Dizdarević, Slovak decathlete of Bosnian origin

Slaven Dobrović, Croatian politician

Slaven Došlo, Serbian actor

Slaven Kovačević, Montenegrin football player

Slaven Krajačić, Croatian athlete

Slaven Letica, Croatian writer

Slaven Musa, Bosnian Croat football player

Slaven Rimac, Croatian basketball player

Slaven Stanković, Serbian football player

Slaven Stjepanović, Montenegrin football player

Slaven Tolj, Croatian artist

Slaven Zambata, Croatian football player

Slaven Žužul, Croatian football functionary

Slaven Stjepanović
Slaven Stjepanović (Cyrillic: Славен Стјепановић; born 2 November 1987) is a Montenegrin professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for Second League of the Republika Srpska club Ilićka 01 Brčko.
Cobargo, New South Wales
Cobargo is a village in the south-east area of the state of New South Wales in Australia in Bega Valley Shire. At the 2016 census, Cobargo had a population of 776 people. It is 386 km south of Sydney on the Princes Highway between Narooma and Bega. The town suffered heavy losses during the 2019-20 bushfires.

Cobargo's streetscape features turn of the century buildings. It has developed in the early 21st century from a sleepy and small village into a popular tourist destination. Its attractions include olden-style stores, leather craftworks, potteries, an iron forge, art galleries, tea rooms and antique shops. Wadbilliga National Park is 20 km west of Cobargo.

The name Cobargo may have originated from the local Indigenous Australian word 'cubago' which some sources claim was used to describe nearby Mount Gulaga.

Alexander Imlay
Alexander Imlay (1794 or 1800? – 31 March 1847) was a Scottish-born pioneer settler in southern New South Wales. Alexander and his brothers George (1794?-1846), and Peter (1797–1881) operated in the region as pastoralists, whalers and shipbuilders. A number of things in the area were named after them. These include Imlay Street, the main street in Eden, the Mount Imlay National Park and Imlay Shire (today part of Bega Valley Shire).
Sustainability Network
The Sustainability Network  (Portuguese: Rede Sustentabilidade, REDE) is an environmentalist Brazilian political party founded in 2013 by Marina Silva, a Brazilian politician from Acre. The party formed a strategic alliance with the Brazilian Socialist Party for the 2014 Brazilian general election, until its registration as an independent political party was approved in 2015. The Sustainability Network has 19,090 members as of January 2017.

For the Brazilian general election of 2018 REDE formed with the Green Party the coalition United to transform Brazil, in support of Marina Silva. For the 2022 Brazilian general election, REDE joined the Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL) to form the PSOL REDE Federation and formed a coalition with other leftist parties for the pre-candidacy of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva with the coalition Let's go together for Brazil.

Supreme Federal Court
The Supreme Federal Court (Portuguese: Supremo Tribunal Federal, [suˈpɾẽmu tɾibuˈnaw fedeˈɾaw], abbreviated STF) is the supreme court (court of last resort) of Brazil, serving primarily as the country's constitutional court. It is the highest court of law in Brazil for constitutional issues and its rulings cannot be appealed. On cases involving exclusively non-constitutional issues, regarding federal laws, the highest court is, by rule, the Superior Court of Justice.
Niger women's national football team
The Niger women's national football team represents Niger in international women's football. It is governed by the Nigerien Football Federation. It has played in four FIFA-recognised matches, two of which were losses to Burkina Faso women's national football team in 2007. There is an under-20 women's national team who were supposed to participate in the 2002 African Women U-19 Championship but withdrew before playing a game. Some problems impact the development of the women's game in Africa that effect Niger of which sexism, abuse, homophobia, religion and financial setbacks have been huge factors.

Abuse
Abuse is the act of improper usage or treatment of a person or thing, often to unfairly or improperly gain benefit. Abuse can come in many forms, such as: physical or verbal maltreatment, injury, assault, violation, rape, unjust practices, crimes, or other types of aggression. Some sources describe abuse as "socially constructed", which means there may be more or less recognition of the suffering of a victim at different times and societies.
East Carolina Railway
The East Carolina Railway was a short-line railroad that ran from 1898 to 1965. Originating in Tarboro, North Carolina the East Carolina Railway interchanged at Farmville, North Carolina with the original Norfolk Southern Railway.

Farmville, North Carolina
Farmville is a town in Pitt County, North Carolina, United States, eight miles to the west of Greenville. At the 2020 census, the population was 4,461. Farmville is a part of the Greenville Metropolitan Area located in North Carolina's Inner Banks region. Farmville has been a Tree City USA community through the Arbor Day Foundation for 36 years, proving its commitment to managing and expanding its public trees. The Town government, in cooperation with other non-profit groups that work for the advancement of the town, sponsor annual events such as the Farmville Dogwood Festival, the Christmas Parade, Independence Day Celebration, A Taste of Farmville, and the Holiday Open House, among others.