hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gıyâseddîn Halil Bey
Gıyâseddîn Halil Bey (reigned 1485–1511) was the tenth bey of the Ramadanids (Turkish: Ramazanoğulları, Ramazan, Ramazanoğulları Beyliği) who ruled the beylik of Adana. The son of Dâvûd Bey, who was killed in Aleppo in 1480, Halil Bey focused his reign on maintaining peace between the Mamluk Sultanate and the Ottoman Empire and creating an environment where Islamic scholarship and architecture flourished. He was noted for his generosity and was named Gıyâseddîn on honour of his love for his subjects. Halil Bey died in 1511 and was succeeded by his brother Mahmûd Bey.

Anatolian beyliks
Anatolian beyliks (Turkish: Anadolu beylikleri, Ottoman Turkish: Tavâif-i mülûk, Beylik; Turkish pronunciation: [bejlic]) were Turkish principalities (or petty kingdoms) in Anatolia governed by beys, the first of which were founded at the end of the 11th century. A second and more extensive period of establishment took place as a result of the decline of the Seljuq Sultanate of Rûm in the latter half of the 13th century.

One of the beyliks, that of the Osmanoğlu of the Kayı branch of Oghuz Turks, from its capital in Bursa completed its incorporation of the other beyliks to form the Ottoman Empire by the late 15th century.

The word beylik denotes a territory under the jurisdiction of a bey, equivalent to a duchy or principality in other parts of Europe.
Conica (suborder)
Conica are a cnidarian suborder of the Leptomedusae (thecate hydroids).  They make up the bulk of their order; their internal relationships are not well resolved, and most of the roughly 30 families are not yet assigned to a superfamily.

They are named for the distinctive shape of their hypostome, the "tip" of the polyps' body where the mouth is located. As opposed to the smaller thecate suborder Proboscidoidea with their elongated hypostome, the Conica have a simple hypostome without a pregastric cavity and a shape that is generally round or conical.

Well-known members of the Conica are the "air fern" (Sertilaria argentea) of the Sertulariidae which is sold dried as novelty "plants" and aquarium ornaments, and the Crystal Jelly (Aequorea victoria) of the Aequoreidae, a bioluminescent hydrozoan.

Air fern
The air fern (Sertularia argentea) is a dead and dried colony of hydrozoans, a species of marine animal in the family Sertulariidae related to corals and jellyfish.

Air ferns are typically dyed green and sold as a curiosity, as a decorative "indoor plant"; the same skeletons of former colonies of hydroids are sold in their natural dried state as the sea fir and Neptune plant as underwater decorations for aquariums.
Christine Norrie
Christine Norrie is a comic book artist, known for her work on the graphic novel Cheat. Norrie has also worked extensively as an artist and inker on various comic books, including a syndicated comic series that accompanied the first three movies of the Spy Kids franchise for the Disney Adventures and Disney's Comic magazines, and various Oni Press publications, including art for Hopeless Savages and inks for Queen & Country. In December 2006, Scholastic's Graphic Novel imprint, Graphix, released the latest work by Norrie, the 192-page Breaking Up, with New York Times best-selling author, Aimee Friedman.

Her 2009 work includes Secret Identities, which describes itself as "The Asian American superhero anthology".

Inker
The inker (sometimes credited as the finisher or embellisher) is one of the two line artists in traditional American comic book production. In his seminal work Understanding Comics, cartoonist and theorist Scott McCloud categorizes the final execution of lines -- traditionally the domain of the inker -- as the "Surface" stage of the six-step creative process, noting that this is the aspect of the work most immediately apparent to the viewer.

After the penciller creates a drawing with pencil, the inker interprets this drawing by outlining and embellishing it with a pencil, an ink pen or a brush with black ink. Inking was necessary in the traditional printing process as presses could not reproduce pencilled drawings. Another specialist, the letterer, handles the "inking" of text and word balloons, while the colorist applies color to the final inked art submitted by the inker.
Critical focus
In a photograph, the area of critical focus is the portion of the picture that is optically in focus. This does not relate to depth of field which describes apparent sharpness. Reducing the size of the aperture will increase the depth of field but the plane of critical focus will not change. Depth of field extends away from the plane of critical sharpness.

The image is only critically in focus within a plane. 
The formula that describes the relationship between plane of sharpness, lens and film is

,

where  is the film to lens distance,  is the distance from the lens to the plane of critical focus (in the object space), and  is the focal length of the lens.

'Critical Focus' is also the title of a regular column by Brian J. Ford in the American magazine The Microscope.

Photograph
A photograph (also known as a photo, or more generically referred to as an image or picture) is an image created by light falling on a photosensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic image sensor. The process and practice of creating such images is called photography.

Photographs are now created using a smartphone or camera, which uses a lens to focus the scene's visible wavelengths of light into a reproduction of what the human eye would perceive.
Episcopal Conference of Benin
The Episcopal Conference of Benin or Bishops' Conference of Benin is the local assembly of bishops is the Episcopal Conference of Benin (French: Conférence épiscopale du Bénin, or CEB).

The CEB is a member of the Regional Episcopal Conference of Francophone West Africa and the Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar (SECAM).

List of presidents:

1970-1971: Bernardin Gantin, Archbishop of Cotonou

1972-1991: Christophe Adimou, Archbishop of Cotonou

1991-1999: Lucien Monsi-Agboka, Bishop of Abomey

2001-2006: Nestor Assogba, Archbishop of Cotonou

2006-2016: Antoine Ganye, Dassa-Zoumé and Archbishop of Cotonou

2016-2023: Victor Agbanou, Bishop of Lokossa

2023-today: Roger Houngbédji, Metropolitan Archbishop of Cotonou

The social arm of the Bishops Conference is Caritas Benin, which was founded as "Secours catholique dahoméen" in 1958 and renamed in 1983.

Regional Episcopal Conference of Francophone West Africa
The Regional Episcopal Conference of Francophone West Africa (French: Episcopal Conférence Régionale de l'Afrique de l'Ouest Francophone, CERAO) is an agency of the Catholic Church which includes the bishops of Western Africa.
Bill Madden (musician)
Bill Madden is an American singer-songwriter, also regarded as an indie musician and an activist. Madden is best known for his environmental song and music video Gone which was in rotation on television networks, MTVU in America and MuchMusic in Canada. As a short film and music video, Gone also won multiple film festival awards and commendations. Madden's music is typically labeled as alternative folk rock or neofolk. Vocally, Madden's voice has been described as a "deep breathy voice [that] serenades listeners," full of range, melodic, and "reminiscent of Jeff Buckley." In his lyrics he often uses metaphor, verse and poetry, to articulate his socio/political and spiritual themes.

Music and politics
The connection between music and politics is poorly defined with some identifiable traits.  They are typically made for a specific time and place, causing them to become irrelevant quickly. In more modern times, they are seen as addressing universal concerns or commonly shared problems.
Yakir Shina
Yakir Shina (Hebrew: יקיר שינה; born 25 September 1985) is an Israeli footballer who plays for Hapoel Marmorek. He had been loaned to Hapoel Ramat Gan, Hapoel Acre, Maccabi Ahi Nazareth and played for Beitar Tel Aviv Ramla, Hapoel Bnei Lod and Hapoel Ra'anana, and is a defender.

Yakir began his career with Maccabi Tel Aviv. He moved to Maccabi Ahi Nazareth in 2008. In the 2008-2009 season Maccabi Ahi Nazareth played in Liga Leumit and promoted to Ligat Ha'al and the fans of the team insisted that they wanted him to stay in the team at least for one more season. In the first match in the 2009/2010 season he scored a goal and showed that he is very talented player. After the match, scouts from Alemannia Aachen were interested by his fast and "fighting" playing style. Unfortunately in the second game against Bnei Yehuda Tel Aviv F.C. he was injured in the 40th minute and missed the rest of the season.

Hapoel Bnei Lod F.C.
Hapoel Bnei Lod Rakevet F.C. (Hebrew: הפועל בני לוד) is a football club from the central Israeli city of Lod. The club plays in an all-red kit in , the third tier of Israeli football. Home matches are played at the Lod Municipal Stadium.
Henry Stringer
Henry Stringer (c. 1594 – February 1657) was an English clergyman and academic.

Stringer was educated at Winchester College, where he gained a scholarship aged 11 in 1605, and New College, Oxford, gaining a fellowship in 1614, and graduating B.A. 1618, M.A. 1621 (incorporated M.A. at Cambridge in 1627), B.D. 1632, D.D. 1642.

He was appointed Regius Professor of Greek in 1625 and Proctor in 1630, and Warden of New College, Oxford in 1647, expressly against the orders of Parliament. He was ejected by the Parliamentary visitors in 1648.

Stringer was buried in Blackfriars church, London in February 1657.

Bachelor of Divinity
In Western universities, a Bachelor of Divinity or Baccalaureate in Divinity (BD, DB, or BDiv; Latin: Baccalaureus Divinitatis) is an academic degree awarded for a course taken in the study of divinity or related disciplines, such as theology or, rarely, religious studies.

At the University of Cambridge, the Bachelor of Divinity degree is considered senior to the university's PhD degree.

In the Catholic universities the Bachelor of Sacred Theology (STB) is often called the Baccalaureate in Divinity (BD) and is treated as a postgraduate qualification.

In America, the BD was largely replaced by the Master of Divinity.
Stewart Hendler
Stewart Hendler (born December 22, 1978) is an American film, commercial and digital series director.

He is best known for his work in digital series, where he directed the Halo 4: Forward Unto Dawn in conjunction with the promotion of the video game Halo 4, and H+: The Digital Series, a digital series created by John Cabrera and Cosimo De Tomasso.

Hendler also directed the 2009 slasher film Sorority Row, and the 2007 supernatural horror film Whisper and the 2016 superhero film Max Steel based on the Mattel action figure.

Between longform project, Hendler has carved out a notable career directing high end automotive TV campaigns.

Hendler was born in southern California and is a 2001 graduate of the University of Southern California School of Cinema Television.

John Cabrera
John Cabrera (born August 26, 1975) is an American actor, screenwriter and director best known for his role as Brian Fuller on the television show Gilmore Girls on The WB (later The CW). He has also appeared on Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip, NCIS, American Dreams, Miracles, and CSI.
Tony Brown (darts player)
Anthony Brown (1 April 1945 – 22 September 2022) was an English professional darts player. He came close to winning the world championship on a number of occasions, reaching the World Professional Darts Championships semi-finals four times, losing twice to Eric Bristow and twice to John Lowe.

Darts
Darts is a competitive sport in which two or more players bare-handedly throw small sharp-pointed projectiles known as darts at a round target known as a dartboard.

Points can be scored by hitting specific marked areas of the board, though unlike in sports such as archery, these areas are distributed all across the board and do not follow a principle of points increasing toward the board's bullseye. Though a number of similar games using various boards and rules exist, the term "darts" usually now refers to a standardised game involving a specific board design and set of rules.

Darts is both a professional throwing sport and a traditional pub game.  Darts is commonly played in the British Isles, and recreationally loved around the world.
Quader
Quader is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ali Quader, Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician, former Member of Parliament

Frauke Quader, German-born Hyderabadi environmental activist

GM Quader (born 1948), Bangladeshi politician, chairperson of Jatiya Party

Manzur Quader, Bangladeshi politician, retired major of Bangladesh Army, former Member of Parliament

Obaidul Quader (born 1950), Bangladeshi politician, General Secretary of Bangladesh Awami League

Fazlul Quader Chowdhury (1919–1973), Bengali politician, speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan from East Pakistan

Giasuddin Quader Chowdhury, Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician,

Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury (1949–2015), Bangladeshi politician, minister and six-term member of Jatiya Sangsad,

Abdul Quader Molla (1948–2013), Bangladeshi Islamist leader, convicted of war crimes and sentenced to death

Frauke Quader
Frauke Quader is a German-born Hyderabadi environmental activist better known for her contribution espousing the cause of saving rock formations in the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad on the Deccan Plateau, especially in promoting the rocks as a heritage.

Frauke's interest in saving the rockscapes of Hyderabad along with fellow enthusiasts resulted in the formation of Society to Save Rocks, a registered Society which serves as a platform for many like-minded enthusiasts to gather and find ways and means to protect the rock heritage.
Hawaii, Oslo
Hawaii, Oslo is a 2004 Norwegian drama film, directed by Erik Poppe with a screenplay by Harald Rosenløw Eeg. It stars Trond Espen Seim, Aksel Hennie, Jan Gunnar Røise and Petronella Barker.

The film's music was composed by John Erik Kaada and Bugge Wesseltoft. Produced by Finn Gjerdrum and distributed by Paradox Spillefilm, the film is in the Norwegian language and was edited by Arthur Coburn.

John Erik Kaada
John Erik Kaada (born 28 July 1975), also known by the mononym Kaada, is a Norwegian singer-songwriter, producer, film score composer and multi-instrumentalist. Kaada's career spans a string of solo albums, motion picture soundtracks, high-profile collaborations with key players such as Mike Patton, as well as numerous live appearances at home and abroad.
Thomas Oliphant (lyricist)
Thomas Oliphant (1799 – 1873) was a Scottish musician, artist and author. He wrote the chorale for the wedding of the future King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra, as well as the words to "Deck the Hall(s) with Boughs of Holly".

Royal Philharmonic Society
The Royal Philharmonic Society (RPS) is a British music society, formed in 1813.  Its original purpose was to promote performances of instrumental music in London.  Many composers and performers have taken part in its concerts.  It is now a membership society, and while it no longer has its own orchestra, it continues a wide-ranging programme of activities which focus on composers and young musicians. Since 1989, the RPS has promoted the annual Royal Philharmonic Society Music Awards for live music-making in the United Kingdom.

The RPS is a registered UK charity No. 213693, located at 48 Great Marlborough Street in London. The current chief executive of the RPS is James Murphy, and its current chairman is John Gilhooly.
Quillaja saponaria
Quillaja saponaria, the soap bark tree or soapbark, is an evergreen tree in the family Quillajaceae, native to warm temperate central Chile. In Chile it occurs from 32 to 40° South Latitude approximately and at up to 2000 m (6500 ft) above sea level. It can grow to 15–20 m (50–65 ft) in height. The tree has thick, dark bark; smooth, leathery, shiny, oval evergreen leaves 3–5 cm long; white star-shaped flowers 15 mm diameter borne in dense corymbs; and a dry fruit with five follicles each containing 10–20 seeds. The tree has several practical and commercial uses.

Corymb
Corymb is a botanical term for an inflorescence with the flowers growing in such a fashion that the outermost are borne on longer pedicels than the inner, bringing all flowers up to a common level. A corymb has a flattish top with a superficial resemblance towards an umbel, and may have a branching structure similar to a panicle. Flowers in a corymb structure can either be parallel, or alternate, and form in either a convex, or flat form.

Many species in the Maloideae, such as hawthorns and rowans, produce their flowers in corymbs. The Norway maple and yerba maté are also examples of corymbs.

The word corymb is derived from the Ancient Greek word κόρυμβος, korymbos meaning "bunch of flowers or fruit".

Racemose corymb

Iberis umbellata or candytuft (racemose corymb)

Cymose corymb

Sambucus nigra or elder(cymose corymb)
Gorantla (surname)
Gorantla (Telugu: గోరంట్ల​) is a Telugu surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gorantla Butchaiah Chowdary (born 1946), Indian politician

Gorantla Venkanna (1871–1947), Indian philanthropist

Gorantla Butchaiah Chowdary
Gorantla Butchaiah Chowdary (born 15 March 1946), is an Indian politician representing Rajahmundry Rural constituency in Andhra Pradesh for the Telugu Desam Party (TDP). He has been elected seven times as a Member of the Legislative Assembly. He has been a general secretary of the TDP. He served as the cabinet minister for civil supplies. As of 2014, he lived in Rajahmundry. He is the first person to be declared won from AP in 2024 elections for the seventh time in a row.
Kokhav Nolad 8
Kokhav Nolad (meaning A Star Is Born) started its eighth season in of May 2010. After the victory of Roni Dalumi last year when a female won the competition for the first time since Ninet Tayeb in the first season, 27 finalists were chosen in May following thousands of auditions, which were held in Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, Beer Sheba, Sderot, Mishmar HaEmek and in the Jezreel Valley. In addition to that and, for the third time abroad, this time in Brazil following India, and the United States in the previous 2 years.

The biggest difference between the eighth and the seventh season, is that this season the new judge: Pavlo Rosenberg, a successful singer of Argentine Jewish descent replaced Tzvika Pik who decided to quit in order to promote his upcoming album. In addition to that, rather than in Eilat as in the previous season, the final of Kokhav Nolad 8 took place at the Sultan’s Pool in Jerusalem in September 2010.

Svika Pick
Svika Pick (‎Hebrew: צביקה פיק, born Henryk Pick; also Tzvika Pik, Tsvika Pick, Zwika Pick, 3 October 1949 – 14 August 2022) was an Israeli pop singer, songwriter, composer, and television personality.

Pick first gained traction on a national level after playing a lead part in an Israeli version of the musical Hair, later pursuing a prolific songwriting and singing career. He later gained recognition after co-writing "Diva", which won the 1998 Eurovision Song Contest for Israel. Pick was described by peers and critics as the Israeli King of Pop, and the Maestro.
Op. 102
In music, Op. 102 stands for Opus number 102. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Beethoven – Cello Sonatas Nos. 4 and 5

Brahms – Double Concerto

Mendelssohn – Songs without Words, Book VIII

Saint-Saëns – Violin Sonata No. 2

Schumann – 5 Stücke im Volkston for piano and cello

Shostakovich – Piano Concerto No. 2

Cello Sonatas Nos. 4 and 5 (Beethoven)
The Sonatas for cello and piano No. 4 in C major, Op. 102, No. 1, and No. 5 in D major, Op. 102, No. 2, by Ludwig van Beethoven were composed simultaneously in 1815 and published, by Simrock, in 1817 with a dedication to the Countess Marie von Erdődy, a close friend and confidante of Beethoven.
Robert Bradley (psychologist)
Robert Harold Bradley (born July 14, 1946) is an American psychologist. He is professor in the T. Denny Sanford School of Social & Family Dynamics and the Department of Psychology at Arizona State University (ASU), where he is also director of the Center for Child and Family Success. Before joining the faculty at ASU in 2009, he was a professor at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock and an adjunct professor at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. He is a member of the Society for Research in Child Development and the National Council on Family Relations.

Society for Research in Child Development
The Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD) is a professional society for the field of human development, focusing specifically on child development.  It is a multidisciplinary, not-for-profit, professional association with a membership of approximately 5,500 researchers, practitioners, and human development professionals from over 50 countries.  The purposes of the society are to promote multidisciplinary research in the field of human development, to foster the exchange of information among scientists and other professionals of various disciplines, and to encourage applications of research findings.
Austrian Armed Forces
The Austrian Armed Forces (Austrian German: Bundesheer, lit. 'Federal Army') are the combined military forces of Austria.

The military consists of 16,000 active-duty personnel and 125,600 reservists. The military budget is 1.0% of national GDP (including pensions) or €3.317 billion (2023, without pensions).

Klagenfurt
Klagenfurt am Wörthersee (/ˈklɑːɡənfʊərt/; German: [ˌklaːɡn̩fʊʁt ʔam ˈvœʁtɐzeː] ⓘ; Slovene: Celovec; Austro-Bavarian: Klognfuat; Carinthian Slovene: Clouvc), usually known as simply Klagenfurt (English: /ˈklɑːɡənfʊərt/ KLAH-gən-foort), is the capital and largest city of the Austrian state of Carinthia, as well as of the historical region of Carinthia (including Slovenian Carinthia).

With a population of 105,759 (1 January 2026), it is the sixth-largest city in Austria after Vienna, Graz, Linz, Salzburg, and Innsbruck. The city is the bishop's seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Gurk-Klagenfurt and home to the University of Klagenfurt, the Carinthian University of Applied Sciences and the Gustav Mahler Private University for Music. Klagenfurt is considered the cultural centre of the Carinthian Slovenes (Slovene: koroški Slovenci; German: Kärntner Slowenen), one of Austria's indigenous minorities.
Rory Holden
Rory Holden (born 23 August 1997) is a Northern Irish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Cymru Premier club The New Saints.

A Northern Ireland under-21 international, he began his career at Derry City, making his first-team debut in May 2016. He was sold to English club Bristol City in August 2017, and from there he was loaned out to Barrow and Rochdale in the 2018–19 season. He spent the 2019–20 campaign on loan at Walsall and joined the club permanently in August 2020. However, four months later, he got a long-term knee injury and missed much of the 2020–21 season and the 2021–22 campaign. He spent the 2022–23 season with Port Vale before joining Cymru Premier club The New Saints in July 2023. He won the Cymru Premier and Welsh League Cup in the 2023–24 season and helped the club to complete a treble the following season as they also won the Welsh Cup.

2023–24 Cymru Premier
The 2023–24 Cymru Premier (Welsh: Uwch Gynghrair Cymru 2023–24; known as the JD Cymru Premier for sponsorship reasons) was the 32nd season of the Cymru Premier (formerly known as the Welsh Premier League), the highest football league within Wales since its establishment in 1992.

The winners (The New Saints, their third consecutive title win and sixteenth overall) qualified for the 2024–25 Champions League first qualifying round. The runners-up (Connah's Quay Nomads), third-placed team (Bala Town), and play-off winners (Caernarfon Town) qualified for the 2024–25 Conference League first qualifying round. The bottom two teams (Colwyn Bay and Pontypridd United) were relegated to either the 2024–25 Cymru North or the 2024–25 Cymru South.