hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ectypia clio
Ectypia clio, the Clio moth or Clio tiger moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Packard in 1864. It is found in  California and from south-western to western Nebraska and Texas. It is also found in Arizona, Utah, New Mexico and Colorado. The habitat consists of lowland areas, where it is found along creeks and rivers and in agricultural and urban areas.

The length of the forewings is 15–20 mm. Adults are on wing from late spring to early August.

The larvae feed on Asclepias species. They are black and covered with hairs.

Alpheus Spring Packard
Alpheus Spring Packard Jr. LL.D. (February 19, 1839 – February 14, 1905) was an American entomologist and palaeontologist. He described over 500 new animal species – especially butterflies and moths – and was one of the founders of The American Naturalist. He served as a professor at Brown University.
Trond Berg
Trond Berg (born 1934) is a Norwegian cell physiologist.

He hails from the village of Svensby in Ullsfjord Municipality. After attending Troms Landsgymnas and the University of Oslo, he took his PHD at Rutgers University in 1968. He became a professor at the University of Tromsø and the University of Oslo; professor emeritus from 2004. He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters and won the Fridtjof Nansen Prize for Outstanding Research in 2008.

Cell physiology
Cell physiology is the biological study of the activities that take place in a cell to keep it alive. The term physiology refers to normal functions in a living organism. Animal cells, plant cells and microorganism cells show similarities in their functions even though they vary in structure.
Renat Heuberger
Renat Heuberger (born 18 December 1976) is a Serial Entrepreneur, Impact Investor, Author, and Board Member, active in climate and nature tech since 1999. He is co-founder of CEO of Terra Impact Ventures, a strategy advisor and company builder. He is Chairman of MPower, elected Innovation Council at InnoSuisse and serves on numerous boards. Prior to Terra, he was co-founder and CEO of South Pole. He has been engaged as a social entrepreneur in the fields of sustainability, climate change and renewable energies since 1999.

Before founding South Pole, Heuberger co-founded and acted as the CEO of the myclimate foundation.

Heuberger published the climate action drama The Carbon Paradox with co-authors Steve Zwick and Marco Hirsbrunner.

Heuberger holds a Master's in Environmental Sciences from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and completed the Social Entrepreneur Programme, ISEP, at INSEAD and Executive Education at Harvard Kennedy School (HKS).

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
The Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology are two institutes of higher education in Switzerland (part of the ETH Domain):

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich (ETHZ)
Saint Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary
St. Vladimir’s Orthodox Theological Seminary (SVOTS, also SVS) is an Eastern Orthodox seminary in Yonkers, New York. It is chartered under the State University of New York and accredited by the Association of Theological Schools. It is a Pan-Orthodox institution associated with the Orthodox Church in America (OCA) accepting students from many different Christian jurisdictions with the 2024-2025 SVOTS Impact Report stating its students come from 14 different jurisdictions: 10 Eastern Orthodox Jurisdictions, 3 Oriential Orthodox Jurisdictions, and 3 others.

It is named after St. Vladimir, Grand Prince of Kiev and Prince of Novgorod, who "introduced Orthodox Christianity to the Kievan Rus'".

Grand Prince of Kiev
The Grand Prince of Kiev (sometimes also Grand Duke) was the title of the monarch of Kievan Rus', residing in Kiev (modern Kyiv) from the 10th to 13th centuries. In the 13th century, Kiev became an appanage principality, first of the grand prince of Vladimir and the Mongol Golden Horde governors, and was later taken over by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Rus' chronicles such as the Primary Chronicle are inconsistent in applying the title "grand prince" to various princes of Kievan Rus'. Although most sources consistently attribute it to the prince of Kiev, there is no agreement which princes were also "grand prince", and scholars have thus come up with different lists of grand princes of Kiev.
Karting Genk
Karting Genk is a kart racing track, located in Genk, a municipality located in the Belgian province of Limburg, near Hasselt.

It was founded in 1983 by karting builder Paul Lemmens and his wife Lisette. In 2005, it was completely restyled, in order to get a new FIA homologation. In 2011 it hosted the Karting World Championship. It hosted this competition again in 2018. MP Motorsport owner Henk de Jong bought the facilities in 2025.

The track is a regular on the European karting scene, featuring technical corners and hairpins as well as sweeping corners and overtaking opportunities.

Municipalities of Belgium
Belgium comprises 565 municipalities (Dutch: gemeenten; French: communes; German: Gemeinden), 285 of them grouped into five provinces in Flanders and 261 others in five provinces in Wallonia, while the remaining 19 are in the Brussels Capital Region, which is not divided in provinces. In most cases, the municipalities are the smallest administrative subdivisions of Belgium, but in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, on the initiative of the local council, sub-municipal administrative entities with elected councils may be created. As such, only Antwerp, having over 500,000 inhabitants, became subdivided into ten districts (Dutch: districten).

The Belgian arrondissements (Dutch: arrondissementen; French: arrondissements; German: Bezirke), an administrative level between province (or the capital region) and municipality, or the lowest judicial level, are in English sometimes called districts as well.
Alain Supiot
Alain Supiot (French: [sypjo]; born 5 June 1949) is a French legal scholar. His work is notable in two complementary fields: labor law and legal theory.

Supiot earned his licentiate in law in 1970 and in sociology in 1972, and received his Ph.D. in law from the University of Bordeaux 1 in 1979.

He has taught at the University of Poitiers, the University of Nantes, and the Collège de France.

He was elected as a corresponding fellow to the British Academy in 2015. He is a member of the Global Commission on the Future of Work formed by International Labour Organization.

Licentiate
A licentiate (abbreviated Lic.) is an academic degree awarded in many countries, by a variety of types of educational (usually tertiary) institutions, after a variety of courses of study.  It can represent completion of study at different educational levels, in Europe it is commonly for postgraduate studies program.

The ecclesiastical licentiate is also a postgraduate degree preparatory to a ecclesiastical doctoral degree when issued by pontifical universities and certain other universities in Europe. The ecclesiastical licentiate in the civil system is considered similar to the coursework and exams of a Doctor of Philosophy program.

The term is also used for a person who holds this degree.
Abercwmboi Halt railway station
Abercwmboi Halt railway station served the village of Abercwmboi in historic Glamorganshire, Wales. Opened as Duffryn Crossing Platform by the Taff Vale Railway, it became part of the Great Western Railway during the Grouping of 1923. Passing to the Western Region of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948, it was then closed by the British Transport Commission.

Western Region of British Railways
The Western Region was a region of British Railways from 1948. The region ceased to be an operating unit in its own right on completion of the "Organising for Quality" initiative on 6 April 1992. The Region consisted principally of ex-Great Western Railway lines, minus certain lines west of Birmingham, which were transferred to the London Midland Region in 1963 and with the addition of all former Southern Railway routes west of Exeter, which were subsequently rationalised.
Rotarun Ski Area
Rotarun Ski Area is a modest ski area in central Idaho, less than three miles (5 km) west of Hailey in Blaine County.  The elevation of its summit is 5,895 feet (1,797 m) above sea level, with a vertical drop of 475 feet (145 m) on its treeless north-facing slopes of Art Richards Mountain. A Poma lift was installed in 1998; it replaced a J-bar lift that had served since 1964. The primary lift before the J-bar was a rope tow.

The facility has operated since the 1950s and offers an affordable alternative for alpine skiing for the Wood River Valley. (The world-famous Sun Valley resort is fifteen miles (25 km) north at Ketchum, with significantly higher prices.)

Supported by community volunteers and donations, Rotarun operates on Wednesday and Friday nights and weekend days; it is the only ski area for night skiing within a three hours' drive (Bogus Basin, northeast of Boise).

Wood River Valley
The Wood River Valley is a region in south-central Idaho. Located in Blaine County, it is named after the Big Wood and Little Wood Rivers, which flow through the area.

The valley has four incorporated cities: Bellevue, Hailey, Ketchum, and Sun Valley. It is considered part of the larger Magic Valley region, but differs economically due to its ties to the tourism industry, with less of a dependence on agriculture than in the southern Magic Valley proper.

The Sun Valley Resort is at the north end of the valley; the region also includes large portions of the Sawtooth National Forest and Sawtooth National Recreation Area.

The primary roadway is State Highway 75, the Sawtooth Scenic Byway. Friedman Memorial Airport and Wood River High School serve the valley and are both located in Hailey, the county seat of Blaine County, Idaho.
Tages
Tages was claimed as a founding prophet of Etruscan religion who is known from reports by Latin authors of the late Roman Republic and Roman Empire. He revealed a cosmic view of divinity and correct methods of ascertaining divine will concerning events of public interest. Such divination was undertaken in Roman society by priestly officials called haruspices.

The religious texts recording the revelations of Tages (and a few other prophets, mainly a female figure known as Vegoia) were called by the Romans the Etrusca Disciplina at least as early as the late republic. They were written in the Etruscan language, despite their Latin titles. None presently survive. The last author claiming to have read elements of the disciplina is the sixth-century John the Lydian, writing at Constantinople. Thus, knowledge of Tages comes mainly from what is said about him by the classical authors, which is a legendary and quasimythical view; John the Lydian suggested Tages is only a parable.

Religious text
Religious texts, including scripture, are texts which various religions consider to be of central importance to their religious tradition. They often feature a compilation or discussion of beliefs, ritual practices, moral commandments and laws, ethical conduct, spiritual aspirations, and admonitions for fostering a religious community.

Within each religion, these texts are revered as authoritative sources of guidance, wisdom, and divine revelation. They are often regarded as sacred or holy, representing the core teachings and principles that their followers strive to uphold.
Chantal Soucy
Chantal Soucy is a Canadian politician in Quebec, who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in the 2014 election. She represents the electoral district of Saint-Hyacinthe as a member of the Coalition Avenir Québec.

She was also the party's candidate in Verchères in the 2012 election.

Saint-Hyacinthe (provincial electoral district)
Saint-Hyacinthe is a provincial electoral riding in the Montérégie region of Quebec, Canada. It notably includes the cities of Saint-Hyacinthe and Saint-Pie.

It was created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada and the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada).

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it gained La Présentation from Verchères electoral district and Saint-Pie from Iberville electoral district.
Harold Ballard
Harold Edwin Ballard (born Edwin Harold Ballard, July 30, 1903 – April 11, 1990) was a Canadian businessman and sportsman. Ballard was an owner of the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League (NHL) as well as their home arena, Maple Leaf Gardens. A member of the Leafs organization from 1940 and a senior executive from 1957, he became part-owner of the team in 1961 and was majority owner from February 1972 until his death. He won Stanley Cups in 1962, 1963, 1964 and 1967, all as part-owner. He was also the owner of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League (CFL) for 10 years from 1978 to 1988, winning a Grey Cup championship in 1986. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame (1977) and the Canadian Football Hall of Fame (1987). His is one of seven names to be on both the Stanley Cup and Grey Cup.

Quebec Nordiques
The Quebec Nordiques (French: Nordiques de Québec, pronounced [nɔʁdzɪk] in Quebec French, /nɔːrˈdiːks/ nor-DEEKS in Canadian English; translated "Northmen" or "Northerners") were a professional ice hockey team based in Quebec City. The Nordiques played in the World Hockey Association (1972–1979) and the National Hockey League (1979–1995). The franchise was relocated to Denver in May 1995 and renamed the Colorado Avalanche. They played their home games at the Colisée de Québec from 1972 to 1995.

The Nordiques were the only major professional sports team based in Quebec City in the modern era, and one of two ever; the other, the Quebec Bulldogs, played in the National Hockey Association (NHA) from 1910 to 1917 and one season in the NHL in 1919–20.
Montignez
Montignez is a municipality in the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2009 the former municipalities of Buix, Courtemaîche and Montignez merged to form the new municipality of Basse-Allaine.

Canton of Jura
The Republic and Canton of Jura (officially in French: République et Canton du Jura), less formally the Canton of Jura or Canton Jura (/ˈ(d)ʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə; French: [ʒyʁa] ⓘ), is the newest (founded in 1979) of the 26 Swiss cantons, located in the northwestern part of Switzerland. The capital is Delémont. It shares borders with the canton of Basel-Landschaft, the canton of Bern, the canton of Neuchatel, the canton of Solothurn, and the French regions of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté and Grand Est.
Plaincourault Chapel
Plaincourault Chapel is a 12th-century chapel of the Knights Hospitaller in Mérigny, Indre, France. The structure, which is located next to the Château de Plaincourault, suffered extensive damage during the French Revolution and was abandoned in 1793. It was declared a historical monument in 1944, but was not restored until the Parc naturel régional de la Brenne took ownership of the property in 1994.  The chapel is famous for its unusual Romanesque art, particularly its Christian frescoes.  As part of the Château de Plaincourault complex, it is designated by the French Ministry of Culture as a monument historique.

One of the chapel's frescos

Entrance to the chapel

Ministry of Culture (France)
The Ministry of Culture (French: Ministère de la Culture [ministɛʁ də la kyltyʁ]) is the ministry of the Government of France in charge of national museums and the monuments historiques. Its goal is to maintain the French identity through the promotion and protection of the arts (visual, plastic, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic) on national soil and abroad. Its budget is mainly dedicated to the management of the Archives Nationales (six national sites and hundred decentralised storage facilities) and the regional Maisons de la culture (culture centres).

Its main office is in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement of Paris on the Rue de Valois. It is headed by the Minister of Culture, a cabinet member. The most recent officeholder has been Rachida Dati, before she resigned to focus on her candidacy of the 2026 Paris municipal election.
Gun deck
The term gun deck used to refer to a deck aboard a ship that was primarily used for the mounting of cannon to be fired in broadsides. The term is generally applied to decks enclosed under a roof; smaller and unrated vessels carried their guns on the upper deck, forecastle and quarterdeck, and these were not described as gun decks.

Ship
A ship  is a large watercraft designed for travel across the surface of a body of water, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized tasks such as warfare, oceanography and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce.

The word ship has meant, depending on era and context, either simply a large vessel or specifically a full-rigged ship with three or more masts, each of which is square rigged.

The earliest historical evidence of boats is found in Egypt during the 4th millennium BC. In 2024, ships had a global cargo capacity of 2.4 billion tons, with the three largest classes being ships carrying dry bulk (43%), oil tankers (28%) and container ships (14%).
Forsell
Forsell or Forssell is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Forssell (1917–2005), Swedish fencer

Daniel Forsell (born 1982), Swedish football defender

Elisabeth Forsell (fl. 1747), Swedish weaver

Erik Forssell (born 1982), Swedish professional ice hockey player

Gry Forssell (born 1973), Swedish television host

Hans Forssell (1843–1901), Swedish historian and political writer

Harry Forssell (1907–2006), Olympic swimmer from Brazil

Johan Forssell (politician, born 1855) (1855–1914), Swedish politician

Johan Forssell (politician, born 1979) (born 1979), Swedish politician

John Forsell (1868–1941), Swedish opera singer

Kyllikki Forssell (1925–2019), Finnish actress

Lars Forssell (1928–2007), Swedish writer

Mikael Forssell (born 1981), Finnish football striker

Petteri Forsell (born 1990), Finnish footballer

William Forsell Kirby (1844–1912), English entomologist

Johan Forssell (politician, born 1979)
Carl Johan Henrik Forssell (born 8 December 1979) is a Swedish politician of the Moderate Party. He has served as Minister for Migration and Asylum Policy in the cabinet of Ulf Kristersson since 10 September 2024, having served as Minister for Foreign Trade and International Development Cooperation prior to that. and has been Member of the Riksdag since the 2010 general election, representing Stockholm Municipality. He was chairman of the Moderate Youth League, the youth wing of the Moderate Party, from 2004 to 2006.
Shahshahan Mausoleum
The Shahshahan Mausoleum (Persian: آرامگاه شهشهان; Arabic: ضريح شاهشاهان), officially known as the Buq'ah-i Shah 'Ala al-Din Muhammad, is a mausoleum and hussainiya, located in the Ebn-e Sina district of Isfahan, Isfahan province, Iran. The mausoleum contains the tomb of Shah Ala al-Din Muhammad, or known simply as Shah Alaeddin. It was built in c.852 AH (1448/1449 CE), during the Timurid era.

The complex was listed on the Iran National Heritage List on 21 February 1949; and is administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran.

Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts
The Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts of Iran (Persian: وزارت میراث فرهنگی، گردشگری و صنایع دستی ایران, romanized: Vezârat-e Mirâs-e Farhangi, Gardeshgari va Sanâye'-e Dasti-ye Irân) is an educational and research institution overseeing numerous associated museum complexes throughout Iran. It is administered and funded by the Government of Iran.

It was first established in 1985 by legislation from the Majlis merging 11 research and cultural organizations. In 2019, the Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization (ICHHTO) was converted into the Ministry. The current Minister has been Reza Salehi Amiri since 21 August 2024.
Direct methanol fuel cell
Direct methanol fuel cells or DMFCs are a subcategory of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells in which methanol is used as the fuel and a special proton-conducting polymer as the membrane (PEM). Their main advantage is in their low temperature operations and the ease of the transport of methanol, an energy-dense yet reasonably stable liquid at all environmental conditions.

Whilst the thermodynamic theoretical energy conversion efficiency of a DMFC is 97%; as of 2014 the achievable energy conversion efficiency for operational cells attains 30% – 40%. There is intensive research on promising approaches to increase the operational efficiency.

A more efficient version of a direct fuel cell would play a key role in the theoretical use of methanol as a general energy transport medium, in the hypothesized methanol economy.

Energy conversion efficiency
Energy conversion efficiency (η) is the ratio between the useful output of an energy conversion machine and the input, in energy terms. The input, as well as the useful output may be chemical, electric power, mechanical work, light (radiation), or heat. The resulting value, η (eta), ranges between 0 and 1.
Criticisms of the labour theory of value
Criticisms of the labor theory of value affect the historical concept of labor theory of value (LTV) which spans classical economics, liberal economics, Marxian economics, neo-Marxian economics, and anarchist economics. As an economic theory of value, LTV is widely attributed to Marx and Marxian economics despite Marx himself pointing out the contradictions of the theory, because Marx drew ideas from LTV and related them to the concepts of labour exploitation and surplus value; the theory itself was developed by Adam Smith and David Ricardo. Nonetheless, criticisms of LTV are often presented in the context of the microeconomic theory of Marx and Marxism, according to which the working class is exploited under capitalism.

Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk
Eugen Böhm Ritter von Bawerk (short form: Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk, Austrian German: [fɔn bøːm ˈbaːvɛrk]; born Eugen Böhm, 12 February 1851 – 27 August 1914) was an Austrian-school intellectual and political economist who served intermittently as the Minister of Finance of Austria between 1895 and 1904. Böhm-Bawerk is noted for the theory of Roundaboutness, which emphasizes the time intensity, not only capital intensity, of investments in capital goods to increase productivity.  He advanced an interest rate theory centered on time preference. He also wrote an extensive critique of Marxism and Marx's labor theory of value.
Kenya at the 2008 Summer Paralympics
Kenya competed at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing. The country's delegation consisted of thirteen competitors captained by three-time Paralympic gold medalist Henry Wanyoike. Also on the team was javelin thrower Mary Nakhumicha. Wanyoike competed in the 5000 metres, 10000 metres, and the marathon.

Mary Nakhumicha Zakayo
Mary Nakhumicha Zakayo (born 19 April 1979) is a Kenyan Paralympic track athlete. She competes in the T57 class for javelin, shot put and discus throw. Her first Paralympics was 1992.

In 2008 she received the Kenyan Sports Personality of the Year Award. At the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, she won the Whang Youn Dai Achievement Award. On accepting the award, she said, "The Paralympic Movement is spreading in my country and opens opportunities for people with disabilities and help change the perceptions towards people with disabilities in a positive way."