hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Model Treaty
The Model Treaty, or the Plan of 1776, was a template for commercial treaties that the United States planned to make with foreign powers during the American Revolution against Great Britain. It was drafted by the Continental Congress to secure economic resources for the war effort, and to serve as an idealistic guide for future relations and treaties between the new American government and other nations. The Model Treaty thus marked the revolution's turning point towards seeking independence, and is subsequently considered a milestone in U.S. foreign relations.

Foreign relations of the United States
The United States of America has formal diplomatic relations with most nations. This includes all United Nations members and observer states other than Bhutan, Iran and North Korea, and the UN observers of Palestine and the Holy See. The U.S. maintains close unofficial relations with Taiwan, and de facto recognizes it as an independent state. Additionally, the U.S. has diplomatic relations with Kosovo, a non-UN member state which the U.S. officially recognizes, and the European Union.

The United States federal statutes relating to foreign relations can be found in Title 22 of the United States Code. The United States has the second-most diplomatic posts of any state after the People's Republic of China.
Karl Erik Rimfeldt
Karl Erik Rimfeldt (born 16 February 1980) is a retired Norwegian football defender.

He started his career in Kongsvinger IL, and played for Norwegian youth national teams. He joined the senior squad in 1999, and played three Norwegian Premier League games in 1999. He played one more season before leaving. He has later played on lower levels for Sander IL and Vinger FK.

Kongsvinger IL
Kongsvinger Idrettslag is a Norwegian sports club from the city of Kongsvinger which is located in Kongsvinger Municipality in Innlandet county. It was founded in 1892. Its men's football team is well-known, and it has teams for several other sports.
HD 46375 b
HD 46375 b is an extrasolar planet located approximately 109 light-years away in the constellation of Monoceros, orbiting the star HD 46375. With 79 Ceti b on March 29, 2000, it was joint first known extrasolar planet less massive than Saturn orbiting a normal star. The planet is a "hot Jupiter", a type of planet that orbits very close to its parent star. In this case the orbital distance is only a tenth that of the planet Mercury. No transit of the planet has been detected, so its inclination must be less than 83°. Because the inclination is unknown, the true mass of the planet is not known.

Minimum mass
In astronomy, minimum mass is the lower-bound calculated mass of observed objects such as planets, stars, binary systems, nebulae, and black holes.

Minimum mass is a widely cited statistic for extrasolar planets detected by the radial velocity method or Doppler spectroscopy, and is determined using the binary mass function. This method reveals planets by measuring changes in the movement of stars in the line-of-sight, so the real orbital inclinations and true masses of the planets are generally unknown.  This is a result of sin i degeneracy.

If inclination i can be determined, the true mass can be obtained from the calculated minimum mass using the following relationship:
Casa Amor: Exclusive for Ladies
Casa Amor: Exclusive for Ladies (Korean: 워킹걸; RR: Woking geol; lit. 'Working Girl') is a 2015 South Korean sex comedy film directed by Jung Bum-shik, starring Jo Yeo-jeong and Clara. It is adapted from the 2010 Brazilian film De Pernas pro Ar.

Sexual comedy
Sexual comedy (also known as sex comedy and erotic comedy) is a genre in which comedy is motivated by sexual situations and love affairs. Although "sexual comedy" is primarily a description of dramatic forms such as theatre and film, literary works such as those of Ovid and Giovanni Boccaccio may be considered sexual comedies.

Sexual comedy was popular in 17th century English Restoration theatre. From 1953 to 1965, Hollywood released a number of sexual comedies, some featuring stars such as Doris Day, Jack Lemmon and Marilyn Monroe. The United Kingdom released a spate of sexual comedies in the 1970s, notably the Carry On series. Hollywood released Animal House in 1978, which was followed by a long line of teen sexual comedies in the early 1980s, e.g. Porky's, Bachelor Party and Risky Business. Other countries with a significant sexual comedy film production include Argentina (comedia picaresca), Brazil (pornochanchada), Italy (commedia sexy all'italiana) and Mexico (sexicomedias).
Schreider
Schreider is a Northern American and German family name. Notable people with the surname include:

Helen Schreider (b. 1926), American explorer

Gary Schreider (1934–2011), Canadian football player

Frank Schreider (1924–1994), American explorer

Gary Schreider
Gary Edward Schreider (April 21, 1934 – January 22, 2011) was a Canadian professional football player who played for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, Ottawa Rough Riders and BC Lions. He won the Grey Cup with Ottawa in 1960. He played university football at Queen's University, where he was part of the Golden Gaels' 1955 Yates Cup championship.

During the 1965 off-season, Schreider became a founding member, and first president, of the Canadian Football League Players' Association.  He did not return to the CFL for the 1965 season, going on to a career as a lawyer and judge.

Schreider has been inducted into the Queen's University Hall of Fame and the Ottawa Sports Hall of Fame.

Schreider died in 2011 of pneumonia and Alzheimer's disease.
Walter Boyd (Mississippi politician)
Walter Boyd was a state legislator in Mississippi. He represented Yazoo County, Mississippi in the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1874 and 1875. J. G. Patterson was the other representative in the House from Yazoo County. In 1875, Julius Allen wrote about a meeting with Boyd in Yazoo City and the armed whites making threats against Republicans and potential African American voters.

Mississippi House of Representatives
The Mississippi House of Representatives is the lower house of the Mississippi Legislature, the lawmaking body of the U.S. state of Mississippi, the upper house being the Mississippi Senate. According to the state constitution of 1890, it is to comprise no more than 122 members elected for four-year terms. To qualify as a member of the House, candidates must be at least 21 years old, a resident of Mississippi for at least four years, and a resident in the district for at least two years. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
Come On Over (Kym Marsh song)
"Come on Over" is a song written by Deborah Andrews, Martin Harrington, and Ash Howes for former Hear'Say member Kym Marsh's debut album, Standing Tall (2003). It was released as the second solo single on 7 July 2003 in the United Kingdom and peaked number 10 on the UK Singles Chart.

Standing Tall (Kym Marsh album)
Standing Tall is the debut and only studio album by former Hear'Say singer Kym Marsh. It was released on 21 July 2003 in the United Kingdom by Island Records.

The album was preceded by two single releases: "Cry", the lead single, and "Come on Over" which reached number 2 and 10 respectively on the UK Singles Chart. Standing Tall peaked at number 9 on the UK Albums Chart after selling 19,821 copies in the first week. Marsh's third single, "Sentimental", was released in October 2003 and stalled at number 35, resulting in her being dropped by the record label.
Great Britain at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Great Britain, represented by the British Olympic Association (BOA), competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia.  British athletes have competed in every Summer Olympic Games. 189 competitors, 163 men and 26 women, took part in 108 events in 17 sports.

The Melbourne Games saw an improvement on Great Britain and Northern Ireland's performance at the two preceding Games.  British athletes won six gold medals (up from just one in 1952).  Overall, they won twenty-four medals, finishing eighth.

Stan Brittain
Arthur Stanley "Stan" Brittain (born 4 October 1931) was an English racing cyclist who rode time-trials, road races and the track. He won a silver medal at the 1956 Melbourne Olympic games, came third in the 1955 Peace Race and finished the 1958 Tour de France.
Casper and the Spectrals
Casper and the Spectrals is a three-issue comic book miniseries published by Arden Entertainment, celebrating the 60th anniversary of Casper the Friendly Ghost.

The series, which is a reimagining, gives the characters a modernized design while living in an urban environment. The story follows Casper as he joins forces with Wendy the Good Little Witch and Hot Stuff the Little Devil to stop a monstrous demon named Willem Georges Volbragg. The issues were published from October 2009 to September 2010.

Spooky the Tuff Little Ghost
Spooky the Tuff Little Ghost is a fictional character that appeared in titles published by Harvey Comics. Spooky first appeared in Casper the Friendly Ghost #10 (June 1953). He is Casper's cousin, although their exact relation is never specified. He generally resembles Casper except he has freckles, a derby hat, and a large, black nose.
Znamierowski
Znamierowski (feminine: Znamierowska) is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Znamierowski (1940–2019), Polish vexillologist, heraldist and journalist

Czeslaw Znamierowski (1890–1977), Soviet Lithuanian painter

Czesław Znamierowski (1888–1967), Polish philosopher, jurist and sociologist

Nell Znamierowski (1931–2021), American textile artist

Maria Znamierowska-Prüfferowa (1898–1990), Polish ethnographer

Maria Znamierowska-Prüfferowa
Maria Znamierowska-Prüfferowa (1898–1990) was a Polish ethnographer, professor at the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, founder and long-term director of the Toruń Ethnographic Museum, posthumously named after her. She was also an activist of the Polish Ethnological Society.
Količevo
Količevo (pronounced [kɔˈliːtʃɛʋɔ]) is a settlement on the left bank of the Kamnik Bistrica River north of Domžale in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia. Urbanization has meant that Količevo is rapidly becoming a suburb of Domžale, rather than a distinct separate settlement.

Kamnik Bistrica
The Kamnik Bistrica (Slovene: Kamniška Bistrica, pronounced [ˈkáːmniʃka ˈbíːstritsa]) is an Alpine river in northern Slovenia, a left tributary of the Sava River. It springs from the Kamnik Alps (part of the Southern Limestone Alps) near the border with Austria. It is 33 km (21 mi) long. The Kamnik Bistrica flows through the town of Kamnik, where it is fed by the Nevljica River. It flows into the Sava south of Videm, about 10 km east of Ljubljana.
W. L. Mooty
William Lewis Mooty (May 23, 1906 – June 16, 1992), was an American Republican politician, farmer, and lawyer who served as the Lieutenant Governor of Iowa from 1961 until 1965.

Born in Grundy County, Iowa, Mooty served in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II. Mooty received his bachelor's and law degrees from University of Iowa. He practiced law and managed his farm. Mooty served on the Grundy Center, Iowa city council and in the Iowa House of Representatives. He later served as Lieutenant Governor of Iowa under Norman A. Erbe and Harold E. Hughes.

Grundy County, Iowa
Grundy County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. At the 2020 census, the population was 12,329, and was estimated to be 12,405 in 2024. The county seat and the largest city is Grundy Center. The county is named for Felix Grundy, former U.S. Attorney General.

Grundy County is included in the Waterloo–Cedar Falls metropolitan area.
Castle of Atienza
The Castle of Atienza (Spanish: Castillo de Atienza) is a castle located in Atienza, Spain. It was declared Bien de Interés Cultural in 1931. Standing high on a rock, it can be seen from miles around. The castle frequently changed hands between the Muslims (Arabs or Moors) and the European Christians until it was finally taken by Alfonso VI in 1085.

Bien de Interés Cultural
Bien de Interés Cultural (Basque: Kultura Intereseko Ondasun, Catalan: Bé d'Interès Cultural, Valencian: Bé d'Interés Cultural, Galician: Ben de Interese Cultural) is a category of the heritage register in Spain. The term is also used in Colombia and other Spanish-speaking countries.

The term literally means a "good of cultural interest" ("goods" in the economic sense). It includes not only material heritage (cultural property), like monuments or movable works of art, but also intangible cultural heritage, such as the Silbo Gomero language.

Some bienes enjoy international protection as World Heritage Sites or Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Stanisław Ptak
Stanisław Ptak (17 April 1902 – September 1939) was a Polish footballer who played as a forward.

He earned one cap for the Poland national team in 1927. He spent the majority of his career playing for Cracovia.

He disappeared during the Soviet invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was believed to have been killed by the NKVD when attempting to cross the border.

KS Cracovia
Cracovia (Polish pronunciation: [kraˈkɔvja]) is a Polish professional football club based in Kraków. The club is five-time Polish champion, besides being the inaugural Polish champion, winner of the Polish Cup and the Polish Super Cup in 2020. Founded in 1906, Cracovia is the oldest Polish club still in existence. They play in the Ekstraklasa, the top tier of the national football league system.
Chen Shi-chang
Chen Shi-chang (Chinese: 陳錫章; pinyin: Chén Xīzhāng; 6 May 1934 – 25 December 2014) was a Taiwanese politician.

Chen served on the Huwei Township Council before he was elected to the Yunlin County Council. From 1977 to 1987, he was a member of the Taiwan Provincial Consultative Council, when he was named to the Control Yuan. Chen then served as a member of the Legislative Yuan between 1993 and 1996. He was elected to the fourth National Assembly in 2005.

Chen was diagnosed with esophageal cancer in 2013, but refused treatment. He died of multiple organ failure at home, aged 80, on 25 December 2014.

Huwei, Yunlin
23°43′12″N 120°26′07″E﻿ / ﻿23.719983°N 120.435364°E﻿ / 23.719983; 120.435364

Huwei Township (Chinese: 虎尾鎮; pinyin: Hǔwěi Zhèn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hó͘-bóe-tìn or Hó͘-bé-tìn) is an urban township in Yunlin County, Taiwan. It has a population of about 70,300.
Unqua station
Unqua was a Long Island Rail Road station located along the Montauk Branch in East Massapequa, New York and first appeared on employee timetables around 1880 and listed as a flag stop station after. It was located between the Massapequa and Amityville stations just east of Unqua Creek, and served a Brooklyn Water Supply pumping station. It seemed to disappear from issued timetables around 1881 or 1882. Freight service at the station however, appears to have existed as late as 1893.

East Massapequa, New York
East Massapequa is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the Town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, on the South Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 19,854 at the time of the 2020 census.

The portions of East Massapequa located to the east of Carman Creek were formerly within the CDP of West Amityville until being absorbed by the East Massapequa CDP.
Giuseppe Pinelli
Giuseppe "Pino" Pinelli (21 October 1928 – 15 December 1969) was an Italian railroad worker and anarchist, who died while being detained by the Polizia di Stato in 1969. Pinelli was a member of the Milan-based anarchist association named Ponte della Ghisolfa. He was also the secretary of the Italian branch of the Anarchist Black Cross. His death, believed by many to have been caused by members of the police, inspired Nobel Prize laureate Dario Fo to write his famous play titled Accidental Death of an Anarchist.

Anarchist Black Cross
The Anarchist Black Cross (ABC), formerly the Anarchist Red Cross, is an anarchist support organization. The group provides prisoners with political literature and also organizes material and legal support for class struggle prisoners worldwide. It commonly contrasts itself with Amnesty International, which is concerned mainly with prisoners of conscience and refuses to defend those accused of encouraging violence. The ABC openly supports those who have committed illegal activity in furtherance of revolutionary aims that anarchists accept as legitimate.
Artemio Precioso (writer)
Artemio Precioso García (1891 – 1945) was a Spanish writer, publisher and civil servant. He is known as the author of some 30 novels, published mostly in the 1920s and intended for popular audience. He contributed to numerous press titles and managed some usually ephemeral periodicals himself. Politically he was related to moderate left-wing republicanism; in 1934 he served as civil governor of the province of Toledo, and in 1934-1936 at the same post in Lugo.

Province of Toledo
Toledo (Spanish: [toˈleðo] ⓘ) is a province of central Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha. It is bordered by the provinces of Madrid, Cuenca, Ciudad Real, Badajoz, Cáceres, and Ávila. Its capital is the city of Toledo.
2013 Junior Oceania Cup
The 2013 Junior Oceania Cup was an international field hockey tournament hosted by Australia. The quadrennial tournament serves as the Junior Championship of Oceania organized by the Oceania Hockey Federation. It was held in Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia between 27 February and 3 March 2008.

Host nation Australia was joined by teams from, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu.

Australia won the tournament in both the men's and women's competitions. The tournament also served as a qualifier for the 2013 men's and women's Junior World Cups, with both Australia and New Zealand qualifying to both.

Junior Oceania Cup
The Junior Oceania Cup is an international men's and women's under-21 field hockey competition organised by the Oceania Hockey Federation (OHF). It is held quadrennially to determine which teams will receive an automatic berth to the men's and women's Junior World Cups.

Australia are the most recent champions in both the men's and women's tournaments, defeating the national under-21 sides from New Zealand in each division.
James McCartney
James Louis McCartney (born 12 September 1977) is an English musician and songwriter. He has released several recordings in his own name and contributed to albums by his parents Paul and Linda McCartney.

Fairfield, Iowa
Fairfield is a city in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Iowa, United States. It has a population of 9,416 people, according to the 2020 census.  Fairfield is known as an international center for Transcendental Meditation and is home of Maharishi International University.

It became the county seat in 1839 with 110 residents and grew to 650 by 1847. Its library was established in 1853, and it held its first fair in 1854. Early architecture in Fairfield includes work by George Franklin Barber and Barry Byrne.
1813 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1813.

Animal track
An animal track is an imprint left behind in soil, snow, or mud, or on some other ground surface, by an animal walking across it. Animal tracks are used by hunters in tracking their prey and by naturalists to identify animals living in a given area.
Miloš Raičković (composer)
Milos Raickovich (Serbian: Милош Раичковић, Miloš Raičković) (born 1956) is a Serbian-American composer and anti-war activist. Some of his works are politically influenced. He was born in Belgrade, Yugoslavia.

He has composed scores for Hong Kong director Evans Chan's films.

Evans Chan
Evans Chan (陳耀成) is a Hong Kong Second Wave film director. His work usually focuses on exploring identities of Hong Kong people, such as To Liv(e) (1992), Crossings (1994), and The Map of Sex and Love (2001).

To Liv(e) is the most famous films among his works. In it the protagonist writes letter to famous Norwegian Liv Ullmann to express discontent about her criticisms of the Hong Kong Government's policies dealing with Vietnamese boat people. The film is a metaphor concerning the identity crisis of Hong Kong people in facing the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre and 1997 handover.

To Liv(e) is widely acclaimed by academic scholars and film critics. The film received Best Actress (Lindzay Chan) and Best Supporting Actress (Josephine Koo) in Golden Horse Film Festival 1992.
CSR Racing
Custom Street Racing is a free-to-play drag-racing game by Boss Alien and NaturalMotion Games. In the game, the player takes the role of a new racer looking to gain fame in a deserted city ruled by five racing "crews". A sequel was released on iOS and Android on June 29, 2016, called CSR Racing 2. The early access as beta was released in Malaysia in January 2024, called "CSR Racing 3"

CSR Racing was first shown on stage at the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) on June 11, 2012 and was released on the Apple App Store on June 28. It was revealed that the game made over $12 million in a month shortly after launch, making it one of the top 10 grossing iPhone games of 2012.

It is available for both Mac and iOS devices. On April 15, 2013, CSR Racing was made available for Android phones and tablets. On October 5, 2013, CSR Racing received a new follow-up called CSR Classics for iOS.

The online features of CSR Racing were discontinued with an update on May 21, 2018.

Drag racing
Drag racing is a type of motor racing in which automobiles or motorcycles compete, usually two at a time, to be first to cross a set finish line. The race follows a short, straight course from a standing start over a measured distance, most commonly 1⁄4 mi (1,320 ft; 402 m), with a shorter, 1,000 ft (0.19 mi; 304.80 m) distance becoming increasingly popular, as it has become the standard for Top Fuel dragsters and Funny Cars, where some major bracket races and other sanctioning bodies have adopted it as the standard. The 1⁄8 mi (660 ft; 201 m) is also popular in some circles. Electronic timing and speed sensing systems have been used to record race results since the 1960s.

The history of automobiles and motorcycles being used for drag racing is nearly as long as the history of motorized vehicles themselves, and has taken the form of both illegal street racing and as a regulated motorsport.
Riker mount
A Riker mount is a flat container used for mounting a specimen (typically plant or insect) on cotton wool or other backing material, often with transparent glass or plastic cover as protection. It was patented by Clarence B. Riker (d. 1947), American naturalist and drug manufacturer, in 1902.

Cotton wool
Cotton wool consists of silky fibers taken from cotton plants in their raw state. Impurities, such as seeds, are removed and the cotton is then bleached using hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite and sterilized. It is also a refined product (absorbent cotton in U.S. usage) which has medical, cosmetic and many other practical uses.

The first medical use of cotton wool was by Joseph Sampson Gamgee at the Queen's Hospital (later the General Hospital) in Birmingham, England. In 1880, he invented Gamgee Tissue, consisting of cotton wool covered by absorbent gauze.

Despite the name, cotton wool is not actually wool at all. It is from the cotton plant. Most cotton comes from India, the United States, or China. Cotton plants prefer heavy soil to grow well.