hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
48th Arkansas Infantry (Mounted)
The 48th Arkansas Infantry (Mounted) (1864–1865) was a Confederate Army Mounted Infantry regiment during the American Civil War. While authorized by the State Military Board as an infantry regiment, the unit was mounted for Price's Missouri Expedition and was officially designated as mounted infantry. Due to its mounted status, the unit is sometimes referred to as the 48th Arkansas Cavalry when a numerical designation is used.

Mounted infantry
Mounted infantry were infantry who rode horses instead of marching. Unlike cavalry, mounted infantry dismounted to fight on foot.  The original dragoons were essentially mounted infantry. According to the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911), "Mounted rifles are half cavalry, mounted infantry merely specially mobile infantry." Today, with motor vehicles having replaced horses for military transport, the motorized infantry are in some respects successors to mounted infantry.
TIMARA
TIMARA (Technology in Music and Related Arts) is a program at the Oberlin Conservatory of Music notable for its importance in the history of electronic music. Established in 1967, TIMARA is well known as the world's first conservatory program in electronic music. Department alumni have included Cory Arcangel, Christopher Rouse, Dary John Mizelle, Dan Forden, Amy X Neuburg, and Diana Starshine.

The major in Technology in Music and Related Arts is intended for students who desire a career in which traditional musical skills and understanding are combined with the exploration of the very latest techniques for musical expression. The program prepares a student for specialized graduate study in computer music, digital media and new performance.

Cory Arcangel
Cory Arcangel (born May 25, 1978) is an American post-conceptual artist who makes work in many different media, including drawing, music, video, performance art, and video game modifications, for which he is best known.

Arcangel often uses the artistic strategy of appropriation, creatively reusing existing materials such as dancing stands, Photoshop gradients and YouTube videos to create new works of art. His work explores the relationship between digital technology and pop culture. He is a recipient of a 2006 Creative Capital Emerging Fields Award and the 2015 Kino der Kunst Award for Filmic Oeuvre.
Ralph L. Maxwell
Ralph L. Maxwell (April 9, 1905 – August 29, 1956) was an American jurist.

Born in Nashville, Illinois, Maxwell received his bachelor's degree from University of Illinois and his law degree from the University of Illinois College of Law. He practiced law in Nashville, Illinois. He served as state's attorney and as circuit court judge for Washington County, Illinois. From 1951 until his death in 1956, Maxwell served on the Illinois Supreme Court.

Washington County, Illinois
Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 13,761. Its county seat is Nashville. It is located in the southern portion of Illinois known locally as "Little Egypt".
The Grove, Texas
The Grove is an unincorporated community in Coryell County, Texas, United States. The area is known for its abundance of Texas bluebonnet flowers during the spring. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 65 in 2000. It is located within the Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood metropolitan area.

Killeen–Temple metropolitan area
Killeen–Temple is a metropolitan statistical area in Central Texas that covers three counties: Bell, Coryell, and part of Lampasas. As of the 2023 census estimates, the MSA had a population of 501,333.

Similar to how the Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan area of North Texas is often called the Metroplex, locals sometimes refer to this area as the Centroplex.
OVW National Heavyweight Championship
The OVW National Heavyweight Championship was a professional wrestling heavyweight championship created and promoted by the Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW) promotion. There have been a total of seven reigns shared between five different champions. The final title holder was Erik Surge, who was in his first reign.

Professional wrestling championship
In professional wrestling, a championship or title is a recognition promoted by professional wrestling organizations. Championship reigns are determined by professional wrestling matches, in which competitors are involved in predetermined rivalries; these narratives create feuds between the various competitors, which usually cast them as either faces (heroes), heels (villains), or more rarely tweeners (morally ambiguous). The bookers in a company, who decide the winners and where the storyline goes, will place the title on the most accomplished performer or the one they believe will generate fan interest in terms of event attendance and television viewership.
Gary Files
Gary Files is an Australian-Canadian actor, theatre director and radio writer who has worked in Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Resident in Australia since 1976, Files is noted for the accentual versatility of his radio-based voice acting.

Oh, What a Lovely War!
Oh, What a Lovely War! is an epic musical developed by Joan Littlewood and her ensemble at the Theatre Workshop in 1963. It is a satire on World War I, and by extension on war in general. The title is derived from the "somewhat satirical" music hall song "Oh! It's a Lovely War!", which is one of the major numbers in the production.
Rock Creek (Montana)
Rock Creek is a 52-mile (84 km) river in Missoula and Granite County, Montana.  Rock Creek is a tributary of the Clark Fork river. The river's headwaters are in Lolo National Forest near Phillipsburg, Montana.  The river roughly parallels the Sapphire Mountains and enters the Clark Fork of the Columbia River near Clinton, Montana. Sapphires are found along the river.

Rock Creek is also a stream in south central Montana in Carbon County.  It flows from Glacier Lake, travels south into Wyoming before turning north back into Montana.  It flows through the town of Red Lodge before entering the Clarks Fork of the Yellowstone River, which is not to be confused with the Clark Fork of the Columbia River which is what the other Rock Creek flows into.

The 2022 Montana floods at Carbon County's Rock Creek caused catastrophic damage to parts of Red Lodge.

Philipsburg, Montana
Philipsburg is a town in and the county seat of Granite County, Montana, United States. The population was 841 at the 2020 census. The town was named after the famous mining engineer Philip Deidesheimer, who designed and supervised the construction of the ore smelter around which the town originally formed. He platted the townsite in 1867.
XCOPY (artist)
XCOPY is a London based digital artist associated with crypto art and NFTs. His real identity is unknown. He creates digital glitched artworks usually concerning death, dystopia and apathy through flashing imagery and distorted loops, with hints to the cryptocurrency community regarding concepts, mood and terminology. He is regarded as one of the highest selling NFT artists.

Glitch art
Glitch art is an art movement centering around the practice of using digital or analog errors, more so glitches, for aesthetic purposes by either corrupting digital data or physically manipulating electronic devices. It has also been regarded as an increasing trend in new media art, with it retroactively being described as developing over the course of the 20th century onward.
Dominique Quéhec
Dominique Quéhec (27 August 1937 – 8 October 2024) was a French actor and stage director. He worked as a director at multiple theatres, notably the Théâtre national de Chaillot, the Théâtre National de Bretagne, and the Opéra Bastille.

Théâtre National de Bretagne
The Théâtre national de Bretagne (French pronunciation: [teɑtʁ nɑsjɔnal də bʁətaɲ]; "National Theater of Brittany"; abbr. TNB) is a cultural institution established in Rennes in 1990 by combining the Centre dramatique de l'Ouest and the Maison de la Culture of Rennes.
For some time it was called the "Great Eight" due to the shape of its building.
Its mission is centered on creation, dissemination and training at regional, national and international levels. 
In 2002 it attained the status of European center of dance and theater production.
Its director is Arthur Nauzyciel. He also runs the school along with French actor Laurent Poitrenaux.
Every year in November the TNB organizes a festival called "Le Festival du TNB" and formerly called "Mettre en scène" (staging).
The Old Mode and the New
The Old Mode and the New is a 1703 comedy play by the English writer Thomas d'Urfey.

The original Drury Lane cast included Benjamin Johnson as Sir Fumbler Oldmode, Robert Wilks as Frederick, John Mills as William Queenlove, William Bowen as Monsieur de Pistole, Colley Cibber as Tom Pistole, William Pinkethman as Misterious Maggothead, Richard Cross as Major Bombard, William Bullock as Abram, Henrietta Moore as Lady Oldmode, Frances Maria Knight as Probleme and Anne Oldfield as Lucia. The play was dedicated to Duke of Richmond, a son of Charles II.

John Mills (stage actor)
John Mills (c.1670–1736) was a British stage actor. A long-standing part of the Drury Lane company from 1695 until his death, he appeared in both comedies and tragedies. His wife Margaret Mills was an actress, and his son William Mills also became an actor at Drury Lane.

He was a friend of the playwright Richard Steele and Robert Wilks the lead actor and manager at Drury Lane with whom he frequently appeared on stage. He died on 17 December 1736, thirteen days after performing in his final role as the King in Henry IV, Part 2.
Abs Airport
Abs (IATA: EAB, ICAO: OYAB) is an airport serving the town of Abs in Yemen.

On 11 January 2024, the Royal Air Force struck an airfield at the airport, which the U.S. and UK said was a launch site for cruise missiles and drones launched by the Houthis against merchant and naval vessels during the Red Sea crisis.

Abs, Yemen
Abs  (عبس) is a town on the coastal plain of Abs district, Hajjah Governorate, Yemen. In 2005 it had a population of 25,763 inhabitants and was the 24th largest town in Yemen.

The city has been heavily affected by the Yemen Civil War. On 11 June 2018, a cholera treatment facility, operated by Doctors without Borders to counter the country's cholera outbreak, was bombed by the Saudi-led coalition.
Jorge Cordova (American football)
Jorge Cordova (born September 25, 1981) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). Cordova, who is of Mexican–American descent, was selected by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the third round of the 2004 NFL draft. He attended Murrieta Valley High School  in Murrieta, California, and graduated class of 1999. He played college football for the Nevada Wolfpack.

Murrieta, California
Murrieta /mjʊəriˈɛtə/ is a city in southwestern Riverside County, California, United States. The population of Murrieta was 110,949 as of the 2020 census. Murrieta experienced a 133.7% population increase between 2000 and 2010, making it one of the fastest-growing cities in the state during that period. Largely residential, Murrieta is typically characterized as a bedroom community. Murrieta is bordered by the city of Temecula to the south, the cities of Menifee and Wildomar to the north, and the unincorporated community of French Valley to the east. Murrieta is at the center of the Los Angeles-San Diego mega-region. Murrieta is named for Juan Murrieta, a Californio ranchero who founded the town.
Xanthesma furcifera
Xanthesma furcifera, or Xanthesma (Xanthesma) furcifera, is a species of bee in the family Colletidae and the subfamily Euryglossinae. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1913 by British-American entomologist Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell.

Theodore D. A. Cockerell
Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell (22 August 1866 – 26 January 1948) was a British and American entomologist and systematic biologist who published nearly 4,000 papers, some of them only a few lines long. Cockerell's speciality was the insect order Hymenoptera (bees and wasps), an area of study where he described specimens from the United States, the West Indies, Honduras, the Philippines, Africa, and Asia. Cockerell named at least 5,500 species and varieties of bees and almost 150 genera and subgenera, representing over a quarter of all species of bees known during his lifetime. In addition to his extensive studies of bees, he published papers on scale insects, slugs, moths, fish scales, fungi, roses and other flowers, mollusks, and a wide variety of other plants and animals.
Dakota Territorial Supreme Court
The Dakota Territorial Supreme Court was the highest court of the Dakota Territory, then an organized incorporated territory of the United States. It was the first Territorial Supreme Court in American history, and was established under Article One of the United States Constitution, with justices were appointed directly by the President of the United States. The court sat in Yankton, South Dakota, and existed from March 2, 1861, to November 2, 1889. The first court consisted of three justices: Philemon Bliss, Lorenzo P. Williston, and Joseph Lanier Williams, appointed by President Abraham Lincoln. The court heard no cases until December 3, 1867. In 1879 the court enlarged to four justices, then six in 1884, and eight in 1888.

Historical regions of the United States
The territory of the United States and its overseas possessions has evolved over time, from the colonial era to the present day. It includes formally organized territories, proposed and failed states, unrecognized breakaway states, international and interstate purchases, cessions, and land grants, and historical military departments and administrative districts. The last section lists informal regions from American vernacular geography known by popular nicknames and linked by geographical, cultural, or economic similarities, some of which are still in use today.

For a more complete list of regions and subdivisions of the United States used in modern times, see List of regions of the United States.
Sanduo Shopping District metro station
Sanduo Shopping District is a station on the Red line of Kaohsiung MRT in Lingya District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The station is named after the Sanduo Shopping District. It will be a future transfer station with the Yellow line.

Kaohsiung Metro
Kaohsiung Metro (Chinese: 高雄大眾捷運系統, 高雄捷運) is a rapid transit and light rail system covering the metropolitan area of Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Its rapid transit network is known as Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit System or Kaohsiung Rapid Transit (KRT). Construction of the MRT started in October 2001. The MRT opened in 2008 and the Circular light rail in 2015. Kaohsiung Metro is operated by the Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corporation (KRTC; Chinese: 高雄捷運公司) under a BOT contract the company signed with the Kaohsiung City Government.

The system uses romanizations derived from Tongyong Pinyin.
Gonja-Mamprusi conflict
The Gonja-Mamprusi conflict is a conflict between the members of the Gonjas and the Mamprusis at Lukula in the North Gonja district in the Savannah Region, Ghana. The conflict first began in 2019 when the government of Ghana intended to create the Savannah Region and North East Region out of the Northern Region.

North Gonja (district)
North Gonja District is one of the seven districts in Savannah Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger West Gonja District on 23 December 1988, until the northern part of the district was split off on 28 June 2012 to create North Gonja District; thus the remaining part has been retained as West Gonja Municipal District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 27 January 2020). The district assembly is located in the central part of Savannah Region and has Daboya as its capital town. In 2023, the District Chief Executive is Adam Illiasu.
Glabridin
Glabridin is a chemical compound that is found in the root extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra). Glabridin is an isoflavane, a type of isoflavonoid. This product is part of a larger family of plant-derived molecules, the natural phenols. Glabridin effectively inhibits platelet activation, so it might become therapeutic agent for thromboembolic disorders.

It is used as an ingredient in cosmetics and is listed in International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI).

Glabridin is yellowish-brown powder. It is insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents such as propylene glycol.

Naturally occurring phenols
In biochemistry, naturally occurring phenols are natural products containing at least one phenol functional group. Phenolic compounds are produced by plants and microorganisms. Organisms sometimes synthesize phenolic compounds in response to ecological pressures such as pathogen and insect attack, UV radiation and wounding. As they are present in food consumed in human diets and in plants used in traditional medicine of several cultures, their role in human health and disease is a subject of research.: 104  Some phenols are germicidal and are used in formulating disinfectants.
Brigade Squad
Brigade Squad was a course for potential officers run by the Guards Division training depot at Caterham and subsequently Pirbright.

Alan Clark described Brigade Squad as follows:

Brutalisation can take two forms, both of which I have undergone. One is the Etonian education where there is the intellectual kind: it's not so much a brutalisation as a very cruel and long-drawn-out initiation ceremony to a fraternity. And then there is the much rougher brutalisation which takes place at the Guards Brigade Squad Camp, which every guards officer has to undergo. Quite rightly it is worse than that to which the ranks are subjected. So when you see all those 'chinless wonders' strutting about in their posh uniforms, you will know that for eight weeks they have had an absolutely appalling time, probably worse than you will get anywhere outside a Victorian prison.

Caterham
Caterham (/ˈkeɪtərəm/) is a town in the Tandridge district of Surrey, England. The town is administratively divided into two: Caterham on the Hill, and Caterham Valley, which includes the main town centre in the middle of a dry valley but rises to equal heights to the south. The town lies close to the A22, 21 miles (34 kilometres) from Guildford and 6 miles (10 kilometres) south of Croydon, in an upper valley cleft into the dip slope of the North Downs. Caterham on the Hill is above the valley to the west.

The town is particularly associated with being the location of the original factory for the Caterham 7 and for being the location of Caterham School, the estate of which lies on the outskirts of Caterham Valley.
Tanusree Sarkar
Tanusree  Makhanlal Sarkar (born 5 September 1998) is a Bengali cricketer. She plays for Bengal and East zone in the national domestic cricket circuit. She has played 4 First-class, 10 List A and 14 Women's Twenty20 matches. She made her debut in major domestic cricket on 6 December 2014 in a one-day match against Hyderabad.

East Zone women's cricket team
The East Zone women's cricket team is a women's cricket team that represents East India in the Women's Senior Inter Zonal One Day and Women's Senior Inter Zonal T20. It is a composite team of players from five teams from eastern India: Assam, Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha and Tripura. They were formed in 1974–75 to play in the Rani Jhansi Trophy, which they competed in until 2002–03, when the competition ended. They then competed in the Inter Zone Women's One Day Competition, and then in the Inter Zone Women's Three Day Competition, which they finished as champions once and runners-up twice.
Ramzi Chouchar
Ramzi Chouchar (born 16 June 1997) is an Algerian swimmer.

He competed at the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games and the 2018 Mediterranean Games. He also competed at the 2016 Arab Swimming Championships and 2018 Arab Swimming Championships as well as the 2016 African Swimming Championships and the 2018 African Swimming Championships.

He represented Algeria at the 2019 African Games held in Rabat, Morocco. He won the gold medal in the men's 400 metres individual medley event. He also won the bronze medals in the men's 4×200 metres freestyle relay and the mixed 4×100 metres freestyle relay events. Chouchar only swam in the heats in the mixed 4×100 metres freestyle relay event.

He represented Algeria at the 2022 Mediterranean Games held in Oran, Algeria. He competed in the men's 100 metre breaststroke and men's 200 metre breaststroke events as well as the men's 200 metre individual medley and men's 400 metre individual medley events.

2022 Mediterranean Games
The 2022 Mediterranean Games (Arabic: ألعاب البحر الأبيض المتوسط 2022, romanized: ʾAlʿāb al-Baḥr al-ʾAbyaḍ al-Mutawassiṭ 2022), officially known as the XIX Mediterranean Games and commonly known as Oran 2022, was an international multi-sport event held from 25 June to 6 July 2022 in Oran, Algeria. Oran was announced as the host city at the ICMG General Assembly in Pescara, Italy, on 15 August 2015. They were supposed to take place in 2021, but they were delayed to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. 3,298 athletes (2,014 men and 1,284 women) took part in the games. When the event held in 2022, this cycle become the 4-year cycle of the event.
The Citadel Bulldogs basketball, 1980–1984
The Citadel Bulldogs basketball teams represented The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina in Charleston, South Carolina, United States.  The program was established in 1900–01, and has continuously fielded a team since 1912–13.  Their primary rivals are College of Charleston, Furman and VMI.

Furman Paladins men's basketball
The Furman Paladins men's basketball team is the basketball team that represents Furman University in Greenville, South Carolina, United States. The school's team currently competes in the Southern Conference. They are currently led by head coach Bob Richey and play their home games at the Timmons Arena. In 2018, the Paladins entered the College Basketball AP Poll for the first time in program history, coming in at number 23 on December 10. Furman made an appearance in the NCAA Division I Tournament in 2023 after having last appeared in 1980, the 43-year absence being the 15th longest drought in NCAA Division I Tournament history. During that tournament Furman would upset 4-seeded Virginia in the first round.
Ryan Martin (soccer coach)
Ryan Martin is an American soccer coach. He is the head coach of Oakland Roots SC, a team that plays in second division USL Championship. He was previously the head coach of Loudoun United FC of the same league, and assistant coach with MLS side FC Cincinnati.

Martin played at Ohio Wesleyan University from 2001 to 2005 and was inducted to the Ohio Wesleyan Battling Bishops Hall of Fame in 2016.

FC Cincinnati
Football Club Cincinnati is an American professional soccer club based in Cincinnati. The club competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Eastern Conference. The team was first announced on August 12, 2015, as a United Soccer League (USL) franchise which played from 2016 to 2018. On May 29, 2018, the club's ownership was awarded an MLS franchise, and the team began MLS play on March 2, 2019. The club's ownership group is led by Carl Lindner III with Jeff Berding serving as co-CEO. Currently, the role of general manager is held by Chris Albright.
Uznach railway station
Uznach railway station (German: Bahnhof Uznach) is a railway station situated in the municipality of Uznach in the Swiss canton of St. Gallen. It is located on the Wallisellen–Uster–Rapperswil railway line, at its junction with the Uznach to Wattwil line.

The station is served by the inter-regional Voralpen Express, which links Lucerne and St. Gallen via Rapperswil and Wattwil. It is also served St. Gallen S-Bahn services S4, S6, and S17.

Wattwil
Wattwil is a municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency) of Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland, located along the Thur river.  On 1 January 2013 the municipality of Krinau merged into Wattwil.