hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Torzhok
Torzhok (Russian: Торжо́к) is a town in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the Tvertsa River along the federal highway M10 and a branch of the Oktyabrskaya Railway division of the Russian Railways. The town is famous for its folk craft of goldwork embroidery. Population:  47,644 (2010 Census); 48,967 (2002 Census); 49,982 (1989 Soviet census).

Russian Railways
Russian Railways (Russian: ОАО «Российские железные дороги», romanized: OAO «Rossijskije železnyje dorogi») or RZD (ОАО «РЖД») is a Russian fully state-owned vertically integrated railway company, both managing infrastructure and operating freight and passenger train services and has a near-monopoly on long-distance train travel in Russia.

The company was established on 18 September 2003, when a decree was passed to separate the upkeep and operation of the railways from the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation, which in turn was the successor of the USSR Ministry of Railways. RZhD is based in Moscow at Novaya Basmannaya str., 2. The operating units of the central part of the staff are at Kalanchevskaya str., 35.

Railways in Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine are controlled by Crimea Railway and Novorossiya Railway, both companies being independent from RZD. As of 2026, the company is reported to be in heavy debs of $45 Billion (4 trillion rubles).
City Music Foundation
The City Music Foundation (CMF) is an organization that supports professional musicians in the United Kingdom in developing their careers.

Musicians can apply for support.  It was Rhinegold Charity of the Year in 2018. The organization supports classical, folk, and jazz musicians.

The Trustees are Kate Gee (Royal College of Music), Alastair King, Sir Roger Gifford, and Sir Andrew Parmley. CMF artists include Anna Cavaliero (soprano), Echéa Quartet (string quartet), Iona Fyfe (folksinger), Ariana Kashefi (cello), Mingyuan Ruan (accordion), Iyad Sughayer (piano), Giacomo Susani (guitar), and Rosalind Ventris (viola). CMF is based at Church House, Cloth Fair, London, and is a Registered Charity.

Alastair King
Alastair King (born 1967) is a British composer and conductor, perhaps best known for his musical contributions to film and television. He frequently collaborates with composers Charlie Mole, Geoff Zanelli, Nicholas Hooper and Rupert Gregson-Williams by either conducting for them or acting as an orchestrator or both.
Brian Vetter
Brian Vetter is a retired male lacrosse player who played midfield for the Chesapeake Bayhawks and the Philadelphia Barrage of Major League Lacrosse. Brian played his college ball for Towson University in Maryland. Brian was a part of the Chesapeake Bayhawks championship team in 2010.

Philadelphia Barrage
The Philadelphia Barrage were a professional field lacrosse team that are based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and member of Major League Lacrosse. They were the Bridgeport Barrage from 2001 to 2003 at The Ballpark at Harbor Yard in Bridgeport, Connecticut. The team then relocated to Philadelphia from the 2004 season to the 2007 season when they became a traveling team for 2008.  They ceased operations before the 2009 season due to the 2008 financial crisis and the Great Recession. The Philadelphia Barrage were resurrected for the 2020 season.
Terese Guinsatao Monberg
Terese Guinsatao Monberg is an Associate Dean in the Residential College in the Arts and Humanities (RCAH), Associate Professor of Transcultural Rhetoric and Writing, and a faculty member of the Asian Pacific American (APA) Studies program at Michigan State University. Monberg serves as a member of the Coalition of Community Writing Advisory Board, is on the Trustees Board of the Filipino American National Historical Society (FANHS), and is a co-editor of the FANHS Journal. Monberg was the co-chair of the Conference on College Composition and Communication Asian/Asian American Caucus with Stuart Ching in 2010–2012 and with K. Hyoejin Yoon from 2012-2015. Monberg was a featured lecturer in the 2020-2021 Coalition for Community Writing Zoom Lecture Series. She presented two lectures including "Listening and Being Reciprocal in Community Collaborations" and "Developing Community Engagement Curricula."

Conference on College Composition and Communication
The Conference on College Composition and Communication (CCCC, often referred to as "Four Cs" or "Cs") is a national professional association of college and university writing instructors in the United States. The CCCC formed in 1949 as a conference of the National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE). CCCC is the largest organization dedicated to writing research, theory, and teaching worldwide.
Lyttonsville
Lyttonsville is a mostly residential neighborhood of Silver Spring, Maryland. Established in the 1850s, it is among the oldest neighborhoods in Montgomery County and is a notable example of a community created by free African Americans before the Civil War. Today, Lyttonsville is a 68-acre, predominantly residential neighborhood mostly composed of small single-family homes.

Single-family detached home
A single-family detached home – also called a single-detached dwelling, single-family residence (SFR), separate house, or other similar terms – is a free-standing residential building. It is defined in opposition to a multi-family residential dwelling.
PKIB
cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PKIB gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor family. Studies of a similar protein in rat suggest that this protein may interact with the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase and act as a competitive inhibitor. At least three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been reported.

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, cyclic AMP, or 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is a second messenger, or cellular signal occurring within cells, that is important in many biological processes. cAMP is a derivative of  adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different organisms, conveying the cAMP-dependent pathway.
The Leopard Lady
The Leopard Lady is a 1928 American silent horror film directed by Rupert Julian, written by Beulah Marie Dix, and starring Jacqueline Logan, Alan Hale and Robert Armstrong. The film, based on a play by Edward Childs Carpenter, is about a female animal trainer named Paula who goes undercover at a circus that has been beset by a number of unexplained horrific murders. A gorilla trained to kill people turns out to be the culprit, the simian being played by Charles Gemora (who made a career of playing apes in horror films, including 1932's Murders in the Rue Morgue). The cast boasted several name stars who went on to long acting careers, including Alan Hale, Robert Armstrong, and Richard Alexander (who appeared in numerous B-Westerns and serials). Rupert Julian directed this film late in his fading career, following it up with his final picture The Cat Creeps (1930), another lost film.

Charles Gemora
Carlos Cruz Gemora (June 15, 1903 – August 19, 1961), commonly known as Charles Gemora, was a Filipino-American actor, makeup artist, and stunt performer. He was known for his prolific appearances in many Hollywood films while wearing a gorilla suit.
Baron Culloden
Baron Culloden (named after Culloden near Inverness) is a title which has been created twice in the Peerage of the United Kingdom for members of the British royal family.

The barony's creation continued the tradition of awarding members of the Royal Family titles from each of the three kingdoms comprising the United Kingdom: England, Scotland and Ireland.

Culloden, Highland
Culloden (/kəˈlɒdən/ listenⓘ; from Scottish Gaelic Cùl Lodain, "back of the small pond"; modern Gaelic Cùil Lodair) is a village three miles (five kilometres) east of Inverness, Scotland and the surrounding area. 3 mi (5 km) east of the village is Drumossie Moor, site of the Battle of Culloden.
Tomás Coronado Olmos
Tomás Coronado Olmos (born 9 December 1960) is a Mexican politician from the National Action Party (PAN). 
In the 2000 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent Jalisco's 9th district during the 58th session of Congress.

9th federal electoral district of Jalisco
The 9th federal electoral district of Jalisco (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 09 de Jalisco) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 20 such districts in the state of Jalisco.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the first region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Favio Castellanos Polanco  of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).
2013 Men's EuroHockey Championship II
The 2013 Men's EuroHockey Championship II was the fifth edition of the Men's EuroHockey Championship II, the second level of the men's European field hockey championships organized by the European Hockey Federation. It was held from the 3rd until the 11th of August 2013 in Vienna, Austria.

The tournament also served as a qualifier for the 2015 EuroHockey Championship, with the finalists Russia and France qualifying.

European Hockey Federation
EuroHockey is a European sports federation for field hockey, based in Brussels. It is the umbrella organisation for all European national federations, and organises the Euro Hockey League. The president of the league is Marcos Hofmann. In reaction to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Hockey Federation banned the participation of all Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials from all events sanctioned by the Federation.
Johnnie Rankin
John Paterson Rankin (10 May 1901 – 24 September 1952) was a Scottish footballer who played as an inside forward for clubs including Hamilton Academical, Dundee, Charlton Athletic, Chelsea and Notts County. He played on the losing side in the 1925 Scottish Cup Final while with Dundee and won the Football League Third Division South title in 1928–29 with Charlton, prior to playing in the English top flight with Chelsea where he featured regularly during the 1931–32 and 1932–33 campaigns.

1925 Scottish Cup final
The 1925 Scottish Cup Final was the 47th final of the Scottish Cup. The match took place at Hampden Park in Glasgow on 11 April 1925. The match was contested by Celtic and Dundee, with Celtic winning 2–1 for their eleventh success in the tournament and seeing them overtake Queens Park as the most successful club in the cup. The game is best remembered for Patsy Gallacher's equalising goal for Celtic, where he somersaulted over the goalkeeper into the goal with the ball between his feet.
Sant'Anastasia
Sant'Anastasia (Italian: [ˌsantanastaˈziːa]; Neapolitan: Santa Nastasa) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region Campania, located about 13 kilometres (8 miles) northeast of Naples.

Sant'Anastasia borders the following municipalities: Casalnuovo di Napoli, Ercolano, Pollena Trocchia, Pomigliano d'Arco, Somma Vesuviana. It is located in the Vesuvius National Park, at the feet of the Monte Somma (the Vesuvius' most ancient crater).

Metropolitan City of Naples
The Metropolitan City of Naples (Italian: città metropolitana di Napoli) is a metropolitan city in the Campania region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Naples. The province was established on 1 January 2015 and contains 92 comuni (sg.: comune).
It was first created by the reform of local authorities (Law 142/1990) and established by Law 56/2014, thus replacing the province of Naples in 2015. It has 2,958,410 inhabitants as of 2025, making it the 3rd most populous metropolitan city in the country.

The Metropolitan City of Naples is headed by the Metropolitan Mayor (sindaco metropolitano) and the Metropolitan Council (consiglio metropolitano). Since 18 October 2021, its head has been Gaetano Manfredi, mayor of the capital city.
Austinburg, Ohio
Austinburg is a census-designated place in northern Austinburg Township, Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States.  It lies at the intersection of State Routes 45 and 307. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 505, out of a total population of 2,197 in Austinburg Township.
Austinburg was laid out ca. 1800 by Judge Eliphalet Austin, and named for him.

Austinburg is home to a large white wooden rocking chair, measuring approximately 25 feet tall.

Ohio State Route 45
State Route 45 (SR 45) is a north–south state highway in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. Its southern terminus is at the State Route 7/State Route 39 concurrency in Wellsville, and its northern terminus is at State Route 531 about three miles (4.8 km) west of Ashtabula.
Pop-Pie a la Mode
Pop-Pie a la Mode is a 1945 Popeye theatrical cartoon short, starring Jack Mercer as Popeye. Produced by Famous Studios and directed by Isadore Sparber, it was the 132nd cartoon in the Popeye series of theatrical cartoons released by Paramount Pictures.

The cartoon has been criticized for its racist depictions of African Americans.

Jack Mercer
Winfield Bennett Mercer (January 31, 1910 – December 7, 1984), known professionally as Jack Mercer, was an American voice actor. He is best known as the voice of cartoon characters Popeye the Sailor Man and Felix the Cat. The son of vaudeville and Broadway performers, he also performed on the vaudeville and legitimate stages.
HMS Zealand
There have been three ships that have served in the Royal Navy named HMS Zealand. Each has been a vessel captured from the Royal Netherlands Navy.

HMS Zealand (1665), a fourth-rate ship of the line originally named Wapen Van Zealand with 42 guns, captured from the Dutch in 1665 and sold in 1667.

HMS Zealand (1667), a 8-gun flyboat captured from the Dutch in 1667 and sold in 1668.

HMS Zealand (1796), a third-rate ship of the line seized from the Dutch in 1796 and transferred to Plymouth for harbour service. The vessel was renamed HMS Justitia in 1812 and broken up in 1830.

Flyboat
The flyboat (also spelled fly-boat or fly boat) was a European light vessel of Dutch origin developed primarily as a mercantile cargo carrier, although many served as warships in an auxiliary role because of their agility. These vessels could displace between 70 and 200 tons, and were used in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. The name was subsequently applied to a number of disparate vessels which achieved high speeds or endurance. At the beginning of the 17th century, they were replaced by the fluyt, which in England was also known as a fly-boat.
Clearfield station
Clearfield station is a commuter rail station in Clearfield, Utah, United States served by the FrontRunner, Utah Transit Authority's (UTA) commuter rail train that operates along the Wasatch Front with service from Ogden in  central Weber County through Davis County, Salt Lake City, and Salt Lake County to Provo in central Utah County.

Wasatch Front
The Wasatch Front /ˈwɑːsætʃ/ is a major metropolitan region in the north-central part of the U.S. state of Utah. It consists of a chain of contiguous cities and towns stretched along the western side of the Wasatch Range from Santaquin in the south to Pleasant View in the north, and containing the major cities of Salt Lake City, Provo, Orem, Bountiful, Layton, and Ogden along with many smaller communities. The Wasatch Front is contrasted with the Wasatch Back region on the east side of the mountain range.
Metarranthis angularia
Metarranthis angularia, the angled metarranthis moth, is a species of moth in the family Geometridae. It was first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1917 and it is found in North America.

The MONA or Hodges number for Metarranthis angularia is 6823.

James Halliday McDunnough
James Halliday McDunnough (10 May 1877 – 23 February 1962) was a Canadian linguist, musician, and entomologist best known for his work with North American Lepidoptera, but who also made important contributions about North American Ephemeroptera.
Halichy rural council
Halichy  rural council  (Belarusian: Галіцкі сельсавет, Russian: Галичский сельсовет) is a former lower-level subdivision (selsoviet) of Klimavichy district, Mogilev region, Belarus. Its capital was the village of Halichy. According to the 2019 Belarus Census, its population was 535.

In 2023 it was abolished and its territory distributed between Rodnya rural council and Milaslavichy rural council.

Mogilev region
Mogilev region, also known as Mogilev oblast or Mahilyow voblasts, is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is the city of Mogilev.

Important cities within the region include Mogilev, Asipovichy and Babruysk.
Emissary (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine)
"Emissary" is the series premiere of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: Deep Space Nine. It was aired as a single two-hour episode on its initial broadcast, but was divided into two one-hour episodes when it aired in reruns.

Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures on Deep Space Nine, a space station located near the planet Bajor, as the Bajorans recover from a brutal decades-long occupation by the imperialistic Cardassians. In this premiere episode, Commander Benjamin Sisko (Avery Brooks) and his son Jake (Cirroc Lofton) arrive with Starfleet personnel on the station shortly after Cardassian occupation forces have departed. While working to repair the station and assist the Bajoran people, Sisko discovers an unprecedented wormhole connecting Bajor to the distant, unexplored Gamma Quadrant of the galaxy and the mysterious, incorporeal beings that inhabit it.

Benjamin Sisko
Benjamin Lafayette Sisko is a fictional character in the Star Trek franchise portrayed by Avery Brooks. He was the main character of the television series Star Trek: Deep Space Nine (DS9), which was originally broadcast between 1993 and 1999. The character has also appeared in various books, comics, and video games within the Star Trek franchise.
Histogram equalization
Histogram equalization is a method in image processing of contrast adjustment using the image's histogram.

Histogram equalization is a specific case of the more general class of histogram remapping methods. These methods seek to adjust the image to make it easier to analyze or improve visual quality (e.g., retinex).

Palette (computing)
In computer graphics, a palette is the set of available colors from which an image can be made.  In some systems, the palette is fixed by the hardware design, and in others it is dynamic, typically implemented via a color lookup table (CLUT), a correspondence table in which selected colors from a certain color space's color reproduction range are assigned an index, by which they can be referenced. By referencing the colors via an index, which takes less information than needed to describe the actual colors in the color space, this technique aims to reduce data usage, including processing, transfer bandwidth, RAM usage, and storage. Images in which colors are indicated by references to a CLUT are called indexed color images.
Denise Ilitch
Denise Ilitch (born November 1955) is a Detroit-area businessperson, lawyer, and member of the Board of Regents of the University of Michigan. She was chair of the board from 2020 to 2021. Ilitch was rumored to be a Democratic Party candidate for Governor of Michigan in 2010, after having met with the White House in early January to discuss a potential run, though she later declined to run.

Governor of Michigan
The governor of Michigan is the head of government of the U.S. state of Michigan. The current governor is Gretchen Whitmer, a member of the Democratic Party, who was inaugurated on January 1, 2019, as the state's 49th governor. She was re-elected to serve a second term in 2022. The governor is elected to a four-year term and is limited to two terms.
Boronia barkeriana
Boronia barkeriana, commonly known as Barker's boronia, is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a shrub with ground-hugging branches, simple, toothed leaves and bright pink, four-petalled flowers.

Rutaceae
The Rutaceae (/ruːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.

Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from herbs to shrubs and large trees.

The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the orange (C. × sinensis), lemon (C. × limon), grapefruit (C. × paradisi), and lime (various). Boronia is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include Zanthoxylum, several species of which are cultivated for Sichuan pepper, Melicope, and Agathosma. The family Rutaceae contains about 160 genera.
Point Reyes National Seashore
Point Reyes National Seashore is a 71,028-acre (287.44 km2) park preserve located on the Point Reyes Peninsula in Marin County, California. As a national seashore, it is maintained by the US National Park Service as an important nature preserve. No other park in the world hosts breeding hoofed megafauna (elk) and marine megafauna (elephant and other seals). Some existing agricultural uses are allowed to continue within the park. Clem Miller, a US Congressman from Marin County, wrote and introduced the bill for the establishment of Point Reyes National Seashore in 1962 to protect the peninsula from development which was proposed at the time for the slopes above Drake's Bay. About half of the national seashore is protected as wilderness.

Member of congress
A member of congress (MOC), also known as a congressman, congresswoman or congressperson is a person who has been appointed or elected and inducted into an official body called a congress, typically to represent a particular constituency in a legislature. The term member of parliament (MP) is an equivalent term within a parliamentary system of government.
Dennis Walger
Dennis Walger (born 29 February 1984 in Offenbach am Main) is a German international rugby union player, playing for the RK Heusenstamm in the Rugby-Bundesliga and the German national rugby union team.

His sole international for Germany came on 29 September 2007 in a friendly against Switzerland. He is the brother of Markus Walger, also a German international.

Walger has also played for the Germany's 7's side in the past, like at the World Games 2005 in Duisburg, where Germany finished 8th.

Offenbach am Main
Offenbach am Main (German pronunciation: [ˈɔfn̩bax ʔam ˈmaɪn] ⓘ, lit. 'Offenbach on the Main') is a city in Hesse, Germany, on the left bank of the river Main. It borders Frankfurt and is part of the Frankfurt urban area and the larger Frankfurt Rhein-Main urban area. It has a population of 138,335 (December 2018).

In the 20th century, the city's economy was built on machine-building, leather-making, typography and design, and the automobile and pharmaceutical industries.