hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ira Williams
Ira Williams (1894–1977) was an American chemist at DuPont's Jackson Laboratory in New Jersey, who in the summer of 1930, together with Wallace Carothers, Arnold Collins and F. B. Downing, made commercial Neoprene possible by producing a soft, plastic form of chloroprene that could be processed by the rubber industry.  Early accounts of the development credited Julius Nieuwland with synthesizing the precursor divinylacetylene.  Williams' contribution was the discovery that the rheological behavior of the product could be controlled by quenching the polymerization reaction with alcohol.

He won the 1946 Charles Goodyear Medal.

Julius Nieuwland
Julius Aloysius Arthur Nieuwland, CSC, (14 February 1878 – 11 June 1936) was a Belgian-born Holy Cross priest and professor of chemistry and botany at the University of Notre Dame, Indiana. He is known for his contributions to acetylene research and its use as the basis for one type of synthetic rubber, which eventually led to the invention of neoprene by DuPont.
H. T. Dickinson
Harry Thomas Dickinson FRSE (9 March 1939 – 24 January 2024) was an English historian specialising in British eighteenth century politics. He obtained his BA and MA from the University of Durham and his PhD from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. He was Reader in History and later Richard Lodge Professor of British History at the University of Edinburgh. He was editor of the journal History from 1993 to 2000. Isaac Kramnick wrote that of the biographies of Lord Bolingbroke, Dickinson's was the "most reliable". In the opinion of David Armitage, Dickinson's life of Lord Bolingbroke "replaced all earlier accounts".

Dickinson died on 24 January 2024, at the age of 84.

David Armitage (historian)
David Armitage (born 1 February 1965) is a British historian who has written on international and intellectual history. He has been chair of the history department and is Lloyd C. Blankfein Professor of History at Harvard University.
Dajisaheb Chavan
Dajisaheb Ramrao Chavan (22 August 1916 – 8 July 1973) was an Indian politician and served as a Member of parliament, Lok Sabha for 16 years. A member of the Indian National Congress, he was the former Union Deputy Minister for Defence and Law. His wife, Premala, represented his Lok Sabha seat after his death. Their son Prithviraj was Chief Minister of Maharashtra from 2010 to 2014.

Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
A Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha (abbreviated: MP) is the representative of a legislative constituency in the Lok Sabha; the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct elections on the basis of the adult suffrage. The maximum permitted strength of members of parliament in the Lok Sabha is 550. This includes the maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and states and up to 20 members to represent the union territories (both chosen by direct elections). Between 1952 and January 25, 2020, two seats were reserved for members of the Anglo-Indian community. The current elected strength of the Lok Sabha is 543. The party—or coalition of parties—having a majority in the Lok Sabha chooses the Prime Minister of India.

All Members of Lok Sabha rank 21st in the Order of Precedence of India.
Más Grande Que Nunca
Más grande que nunca (Bigger than ever) is the fourth studio album recorded by salsa singer Frankie Ruiz released in 1989. The album became his fourth number-one album on the Billboard Tropical Albums chart.

Billboard tropical charts
The Billboard tropical charts began in 1985 when an album chart were introduced as Tropical Albums in the June 29 issue of the magazine.  In October 1994, Billboard then established Tropical Airplay, which initially rank the most-played songs played on tropical  radio stations before switching to an audience-based methodology in January 2017. As the music and radio industries, as well as the technology to monitor and measure sales and airplay, have evolved, Billboard currently publishes three different tropical charts. On April 8, 2025, Billboard debuted the Hot Tropical Songs chart, which ranks the best-performing tropical songs across streaming, digital, and airplay from all radio stations in the United States.

According to Billboard, tropical music refers to music originating from the Spanish-speaking areas of the Caribbean, namely salsa, merengue, bachata, cumbia, and vallenato.
Jungang station (Ansan)
Jungang station (Korean: 중앙역) is a railway station on Seoul Subway Line 4 and the Suin–Bundang Line in Ansan, South Korea. Its substation name is Seoul Institute of the Arts. It is a busy station located close to the Ansan Express Bus Terminal.

The Sinansan Line will connect Jungang station to Yeouido station in 2023.

Seoul Institute of the Arts
Seoul Institute of the Arts (Korean: 서울예술대학교) is an arts university in Ansan, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. The Namsan campus in Seoul is used for presentation of arts productions and convergence with industry. The Ansan Campus opened in 2001 and is used for educational training.
The Golden Man Booker
The Golden Man Booker was a special one-off prize awarded in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Booker Prize. All of the previous 51 winning titles since the Booker's inception in 1969 were eligible.

Five judges read the books from each relevant decade and chose a title which to be pitted against the judges' other choices. The judges' shortlist of five titles was announced on 26 May 2018, with voting also commencing that day. The winner was announced at a ceremony on 8 July 2018, at London's Southbank Centre, with the award going to Michael Ondaatje for his 1992 novel The English Patient.

The judges were (chosen decade in parentheses):

Robert McCrum (1970s)

Lemn Sissay (1980s)

Kamila Shamsie (1990s)

Simon Mayo (2000s)

Hollie McNish (2010s)

The shortlisted works were:

In a Free State (1971) — V.S. Naipaul

Moon Tiger (1987) — Penelope Lively

The English Patient (1992) — Michael Ondaatje

Wolf Hall (2009) — Hilary Mantel

Lincoln in the Bardo (2017) — George Saunders

Moon Tiger
Moon Tiger is a 1987 novel by Penelope Lively which spans the time before, during and after World War II.  The novel won the 1987 Booker Prize.  It is written from multiple points of view and moves backward and forward through time. It begins as the story of a woman who, on her deathbed, decides to write a history of the world, and develops into a story of love, incest and the desire to be recognized as an independent free thinking woman of the time.
Community of Writers
Founded in 1969 the Community of Writers is a writers' conference held each summer in Olympic Valley, California. The Community of Writers is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization and has a governing Board of Directors.

Richard Ford
Richard Ford (born February 16, 1944) is an American novelist and short story author and writer of a series of novels featuring the character Frank Bascombe.

Ford's first collection of short stories, Rock Springs, was published in 1987.

In the United States, Ford received the 1996 Pulitzer Prize for his novel Independence Day. In Spain, he won the Princess of Asturias Award for 2016. In 2018, Ford received the Park Kyong-ni Prize, an international literary award from South Korea.

His novel Wildlife was adapted into a 2018 film of the same name, and in 2023 Ford published Be Mine, his fifth work of fiction chronicling the life of Frank Bascombe.
Xinjiang Daily
The Xinjiang Daily (Chinese: 新疆日报; pinyin: Xīnjiāng Rìbào, Uyghur: شىنجاڭ گېزىتى, Mongolian: ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ‍ᠳᠰᠲ‍ᠣ‍ᠷ ‍ᠳᠰᠣ‍ᠨᠢᠨ ‍ᠣᠰᠥᠯᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋, Kazakh: شينجياڭ گازەتى) is an official publication of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and is published daily by Xinjiang Daily Publishing at 1 Yangzijiang Road, Saybagh District, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. The newspaper is notable in that it is published in 4 languages, namely Chinese, which uses Chinese characters, Uyghur, in the Uyghur Arabic alphabet, Mongolian, in the Mongolian script and Kazakh, in the Kazakh Arabic alphabet. The newspaper includes news that focuses on the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region but also includes a small amount of national and international news.

Saybag, Ürümqi
Saybag District (Uyghur: سايباغ رايونى, romanized: Saybagh Rayoni, Saybaƣ Rayoni, Saybag Rayoni, Сайбағ Райони; Chinese: 沙依巴克区; pinyin: Shāyībākè Qū) is one of 7 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Ürümqi, the capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Northwest China. It contains an area of 422 km2 (163 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 440,000.
Thalamogeniculate artery
The thalamogeniculate artery is either a single artery or group of smaller arteries arising from the posterior cerebral artery (distal to the origin of the posterior communicating artery). It is part of the posterolateral central arteries. It supplies parts of the thalamus (including the geniculate nuclei).

Posterior communicating artery
In human anatomy, the left and right posterior communicating arteries are small: 471  arteries at the base of the brain that form part of the circle of Willis.

Anteriorly, it unites with the internal carotid artery (ICA) (prior to the terminal bifurcation of the ICA into the anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery); posteriorly, it unites with the posterior cerebral artery.

With the anterior communicating artery, the posterior communicating arteries establish a system of collateral circulation in cerebral circulation.
Aodh Ó hEóthaigh
Aodh Ó hEóthaigh,  (sometimes Anglicised as Hugh O'Neill) was a bishop in Ireland during the 14th century: the incumbent at Tamlaght and the Chancellor of Armagh, he was Bishop of Clogher  until his death on 27 July 1370.

Bishop of Clogher
The Bishop of Clogher (/ˈklɔː.ər/, /ˈklɒ.hər/) is an episcopal title which takes its name after the village of Clogher in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. Following the Reformation, there are now parallel apostolic successions: one of the Church of Ireland and the other of the Roman Catholic Church.
Phebalium brachycalyx
Phebalium brachycalyx is a species of shrub that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is more or less covered with silvery and rust-coloured scales, and has narrow oblong leaves  with wavy-glandular edges, and white to pale yellow flowers in umbels on the ends of branches.

Gland (botany)
In plants, a gland is defined functionally as a plant structure which secretes one or more products.  This may be located on or near the plant surface and secrete externally, or be internal to the plant and secrete into a canal or reservoir.  Examples include glandular hairs, nectaries, hydathodes, and the resin canals in Pinus.
William E. Reynolds
William Edward Reynolds (11 January 1860 – 25 January 1944) served as the fifth Commandant of the United States Coast Guard, from 1919 to 1924.

During the early part of his military career, Reynolds spent much of his time aboard various vessels in the Revenue Cutter Service and its successor agency, the United States Coast Guard. He took an active interest in the education of officers as superintendent of the Revenue Cutter Service School of Instruction by increasing and modernizing the curriculum. The period after World War I when he served as Commandant was one of manpower shortages and personnel problems as well as questions about whether the Treasury Department or the Navy Department should control the Coast Guard. Reynolds was able to guide the service through the difficulties of control and actually increased the number of vessels and men serving under him.

United States Revenue Cutter Service
The United States Revenue Cutter Service was established by an Act of Congress (1 Stat. 175) on 4 August 1790 as the Revenue-Marine at the recommendation of the nation's first secretary of the treasury, Alexander Hamilton.

The federal government body was initially created to serve as an armed customs enforcement service. Over time, however, the service gradually gained missions either voluntarily or by legislation, including those of a military nature. It was generally referred to as the Revenue-Marine until 31 July 1894, when it was officially renamed the Revenue Cutter Service. The Revenue Cutter Service operated under the authority of the U.S. Department of the Treasury. On 28 January 1915, the service was merged by an act of Congress with the United States Life-Saving Service to form the United States Coast Guard.
Percy Ross (cricketer)
Percy C Ross (dates of birth and death unknown) was an Irish first-class cricketer.

A leading member of Cork County in the first decade of the 1900s, Ross made his debut for Ireland in a minor match against Cambridge University at Cork in 1904. He later made played one first-class match for Ireland against the touring South Africans at Woodbrook in 1912. Batting twice in the match, Ross top-scored with 26 runs in Ireland's first-innings, before being dismissed by Aubrey Faulkner, while in their second-innings he was dismissed by Claude Carter for 3 runs. With his medium pace bowling, he took the wickets of Herbie Taylor and Frank Mitchell, taking figures of 2/99 from 23 overs. He did not play for Ireland again.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
2011 Australian Open – Boys' doubles
Dutch players Justin Eleveld and Jannick Lupescu chose to not defend their 2010 title, when they defeated Kevin Krawietz and Dominik Schulz in the final.
Filip Horanský and Jiří Veselý won this year's title, by defeating Ben Wagland and Andrew Whittington 6–4, 6–4 in the final match.

Kevin Krawietz
Kevin Krawietz (born 24 January 1992) is a German professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He achieved his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 5 on 10 February 2025. Krawietz has won twelve doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including the 2024 ATP Finals with Tim Pütz, becoming the first all-German pair to win the title. He is a two-time Grand Slam champion at the French Open in 2019 and 2020 with Andreas Mies.

Krawietz was also a finalist with Tim Pütz at the 2024 US Open and reached the mixed doubles semifinals at the 2021 Wimbledon Championships and at the 2022 French Open, partnering Květa Peschke and Nicole Melichar-Martinez respectively.

In singles, Krawietz reached his highest ranking of world No. 211 in December 2018. He has represented Germany in the Davis Cup since 2019, and also competed at the 2020 Olympic Games in men's and mixed doubles and 2024 Olympic Games in men's doubles.
Salisbury Regional Airport
Salisbury-Ocean City: Wicomico Regional Airport (IATA: SBY, ICAO: KSBY, FAA LID: SBY), or, more succinctly Salisbury Regional Airport, is located in unincorporated Wicomico County, Maryland, 5 miles (8.0 km) southeast from downtown Salisbury, Maryland, United States. Salisbury is the largest metropolitan area of Maryland's Eastern Shore with a population of 405,803 in the metropolitan statistical area, and is centrally located on the Delmarva Peninsula.

Since SBY Regional Airport is the only commercial airport with daily scheduled flights in the area, it also serves Delaware, the Eastern Shore of Virginia, and the Eastern Shore of Maryland, which include the other towns of Ocean City, Cambridge, and Easton. American Eagle operates three round trip flights per day to Charlotte Douglas International Airport, and one round trip flight per day to Philadelphia International Airport.

Cambridge, Maryland
Cambridge is a city in Dorchester County, Maryland, United States. The population was 13,096 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Dorchester County and the county's largest municipality. Cambridge is the fourth most populous city in Maryland's Eastern Shore region, after Salisbury, Elkton and Easton.
Tanishk-Vayu
Tanishk-Vayu is a duo of Indian composer Tanishk Bagchi and lyricist Vayu Shrivastav, who also act as a composer duo. They together composed for films like Tanu Weds Manu Returns (2015), Bareilly Ki Barfi (2017), Tumhari Sulu (2017), Shubh Mangal Saavdhan (2017), Munna Michael (2017), Gold (2018), Mitron (2018), Dil Juunglee (2018), Badhaai Ho( 2018),  Shubh Mangal Zyada Saavdhan (2020), etc. The duo also composed the Pepsi Anthem of 2020 named Swag Se Solo.

Dil Juunglee
Dil Juunglee (transl. Wild heart) is an Indian romantic comedy film written and directed by Aleya Sen. It stars Taapsee Pannu, Saqib Saleem, Abhilash Thapliyal, Nidhi Singh, Ayesha Kaduskar, Srishti Shrivastava and Santosh Barmola. It was released on 9 March 2018 to mainly negative reviews.
Nicolae Haralambie
Nicolae Haralambie (August 27, 1835 in Bucharest – April 3, 1908 in Bucharest) was a Romanian soldier and politician.

In 1861, he headed the Bucharest police. As a colonel, he took part in the dethronement of Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza in 1866, subsequently serving in a regency alongside Lascăr Catargiu and Nicolae Golescu.

He served as War Minister from August 6, 1866, to February 7, 1867.

On July 7, 1874, together with Ion Ghica and a third person, Haralambie performed a flight over Bucharest in a hydrogen balloon named "Mihai Bravul".

He returned to the Romanian Army in 1877, taking part in the War of Independence as a brigadier general, and fighting  with distinction at the battles of Smârdan and Vidin. Elected senator in 1879, Haralambie joined a coalition that took down the Ion Brătianu government.

Ion Ghica
Ion Ghica (Romanian pronunciation: [iˈon ˈɡika] ⓘ;  24 August [O.S. 12 August] 1816 – 19 May [O.S. 7 May] 1897) was a Romanian statesman, mathematician, diplomat, and politician, who served as Prime Minister of Romania five times. He was a full member of the Romanian Academy and its president on several occasions (1876–1882, 1884–1887, 1890–1893, and 1894–1895). He was the older brother and associate of Pantazi Ghica, a prolific writer and politician.
World Design Organization
The World Design Organization (WDO) was founded in 1957 from a group of international organizations focused on industrial design. Formerly known as the International Council of Societies of Industrial Design, the WDO is a worldwide society that promotes better design around the world. Today, the WDO includes over 170 member organizations in more than 40 nations, representing an estimated 150,000 designers.

The primary aim of the association is to advance the discipline of industrial design at an international level. To do this, WDO undertakes a number of initiatives of global appeal to support the effectiveness of industrial design in an attempt to address the needs and aspirations of people around the world, to improve the quality of life, as well as help to improve the economy of nations throughout the world.

Designer
A designer is a person who plans the form or structure of something before it is made, by preparing drawings or plans. In practice, anyone who creates tangible or intangible objects, products, processes, laws, games, graphics, services, or experiences can be called a designer.
Michelle Gagliano
Michelle Gagliano is an American artist based in Central Virginia and is known for enigmatic, abstract oil paintings that depict natural forms with textural patinas, particularly of landscapes and light. Gagliano practices sustainability in her art practice and personal life by growing and making a majority of her materials, such as oil paints, from recipes that derive from the Old Masters of the Renaissance. In 2023, she was inducted as an official member of the Gallery Climate Coalition.

Patina
Patina (/pəˈtiːnə/ pə-TEE-nə or /ˈpætɪnə/ PAT-ih-nə) is a thin layer that variously forms on the surface of copper, brass, bronze, and similar metals and metal alloys (tarnish produced by oxidation or other chemical processes), or certain stones and wooden furniture (sheen produced by age, wear, and polishing), or any similar acquired change of a surface through age and exposure.

Additionally, the term is used to describe the aging of high-quality leather. The patinas on leather goods are unique to the type of leather, frequency of use, and exposure.

Patinas can provide a protective covering to materials that would otherwise be damaged by corrosion or weathering. They may also be aesthetically appealing.
Black Ink
Black Ink is the fourth studio album by American rapper Prozak. It was released on October 9, 2015 via Strange Music. Production was handled entirely by Seven, with Travis O'Guin serving as executive producer. It features guest appearances from Krizz Kaliko, Ces Cru, Mackenzie O'Guin, Tech N9ne, Bernz, Blaze Ya Dead Homie, Kate Rose, Madchild, The R.O.C., Twiztid, Tyler Lyon and Wrekonize.

Madchild
Shane Bunting (born October 21, 1975), better known by his stage name Madchild, is a Canadian rapper. He is part of the Vancouver-based hip hop group Swollen Members. In 2009, he released a solo EP titled The Madchild EP. In 2012, he released his first solo album, titled Dope Sick followed by Lawn Mower Man in 2013 and Silver Tongue Devil in 2015. In 1993, he was named a member of the Rock Steady Crew. The Darkest Hour was released in 2017.
Valentin Demyanenko
Valentin Yuryevich Demyanenko (Ukrainian: Валенти́н Ю́рійович Дем'я́ненко, romanized: Valentyn Yuriyovych Demyanenko, Azerbaijani: Valentin Yuryeviç Demyanenko ), born 23 October 1983 in Cherkassy, Cherkassy Raion, Cherkassy Oblast, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union (now Cherkasy, Cherkasy Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine), is a former Ukrainian-born Azerbaijani flatwater canoeist. He is a four times world champion, three times European champion and silver medalist of 2016 Summer Olympics in C-1 200 metres.

Cherkasy Oblast
Cherkasy Oblast (Ukrainian: Черкаська область, romanized: Cherkaska oblast, IPA: [tʃerˈkɑsʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Cherkashchyna (Ukrainian: Черкащина, IPA: [tʃerˈkɑʃtʃɪnɐ]) is an oblast (province) in central Ukraine located along the Dnieper River. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Cherkasy. The current population of the oblast is 1,160,744 (2022 estimate).