hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Two Brothers (ship)
Two Brothers was a Nantucket whaleship that sank on the night of February 11, 1823, off the French Frigate Shoals. The ship's captain was George Pollard, Jr., former captain of the famous whaleship Essex. The wreck was discovered in 2008 (announced on February 11, 2011) by a team of marine archaeologists working on an expedition for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument.
She is thought to have been built in 1804 by Joseph Glidden in Hallowell, Maine.

Nantucket
Nantucket (/ˌnænˈtʌkɪt/) is an island in Massachusetts, United States, about 30 miles (48 km) south of the Cape Cod peninsula. Together with the small islands of Tuckernuck and Muskeget, it constitutes the Town and County of Nantucket, a combined county/town government.  Nantucket is the southeasternmost town in both Massachusetts and the New England region. The name "Nantucket" is adapted from similar Algonquian names for the island.

Nantucket is a tourist destination and summer colony. Due to tourists and seasonal residents, the population of the island increases to around 80,000 during the summer months. The average sale price for a single-family home was $2.3 million in the first quarter of 2018.

The National Park Service cites Nantucket, designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1966, as being the "finest surviving architectural and environmental example of a late 18th- and early 19th-century New England seaport town."
Fort Apache, Arizona
Fort Apache (Western Apache: Tłʼog Hagai) is an unincorporated community in Navajo County, Arizona, United States. Today's settlement of Fort Apache incorporates elements of the original U.S. Cavalry post Fort Apache, and lies within the Fort Apache Indian Reservation, home of the White Mountain Apache Tribe, 2 miles (3 km) east of Canyon Day. Fort Apache has a post office with ZIP code 85926.

Western Apache language
The Western Apache language is a Southern Athabaskan language spoken among the 14,000 Western Apaches in Mexico in the states of Sonora and Chihuahua and in east-central Arizona. There are approximately 6,000 speakers living on the San Carlos Reservation and 7,000 living on the Fort Apache Reservation. In Mexico, they mainly live in Hermosillo, Sonora, and other native communities in Chihuahua.
1985 Valvettiturai massacre
The 1985 Valvettiturai massacre happened on May 12, 1985 after 2 landmine attacks killed 10 soldiers and an officer in Valvettiturai. 70 minority Sri Lankan Tamil civilians from the town of Valvettithurai (abbreviated as VVT), Sri Lanka were rounded up. They were asked to go inside the town library and then the library was blown up by the Sri Lankan Army, killing all of them. The LTTE would later apparently retaliate in Anuradhapura. In the ensuing weeks dozens more Tamil civilians were also killed.

Sri Lanka Army
The Sri Lanka Army (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා යුද්ධ හමුදාව, romanised: Śrî Langkâ Yudha Hamudâwa; Tamil: இலங்கை இராணுவம், romanised: Ilankai iraṇuvam) is the oldest and largest of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces. The army was officially established as the Ceylon Army in 1949, though the army traces its roots back to 1881 when Ceylon Light Infantry Volunteers was created; the army was renamed as the 'Sri Lanka Army' when Sri Lanka became a republic in 1972. In 2024, the Army had approximately 150,000 personnel.

The Army Headquarters is situated in Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte; Commander of the Army is the highest appointment in the army who commands the army and is assisted by the Chief of Staff of the Army and Deputy Chief of Staff of the Army. The Commander-in-Chief of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces is the President of Sri Lanka, who heads the National Security Council through the Ministry of Defence, which is charged with formulating, executing defence policy and procurements for the armed forces.
Haukland
Haukland is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hagrup Haukland, Norwegian soldier

Ida Haukland, Norwegian heavy metal singer and bassist in Triosphere

Bente Haukland Næss (born 1954), Norwegian businesswoman and politician

Bente Haukland Næss
Bente Haukland Næss (born 25 September 1954) is the former chair of the Norwegian Consumer Council. She is the CEO of Rembra, an engineering consultancy firm.

She has been a member of the board of Norsk Forening for Kvalitet og Risikostyring, the Ideas Bank Foundation, and Varingen.

A cand.mag. by education, she has been a member of Nittedal municipal council for sixteen years, representing the Christian Democratic Party. She resides in Hagan.
Andrew Mercier
Andrew Mercier (born 1985) is a Canadian politician and trade unionist who served as a member the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (MLA) from 2020 to 2024. A member of the British Columbia New Democratic Party, represented the riding of Langley.

Mercier was elected in the 2020 general election and served as the Parliamentary Secretary for Skills Training from 2020 to 2022. Later he served as the Minister of State for Workforce Development from 2022 to 2024 and as Minister of State for Sustainable Forestry Innovation in 2024 until his election defeat in the 2024 general election. He contested the riding of Langley-Willowbrook but was unseated by Conservative Party candidate Jody Toor.

Langley (provincial electoral district)
Langley is a former provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Canada.  The riding was first contested in the 1966 general election.

The riding was created out of the Delta constituency in 1966. Until the election of 1991, it was considered a safe seat for the Social Credit Party. Since then, the BC Liberals have won the seat by significant margins in six consecutive elections. It returned one MLA from 1966 to 1986, two MLAs from 1986 to 1991, and one MLA from 1991 to the present day.

Under the 2021 redistribution that took effect with the 2024 election, the riding ceased to exist under its current name after almost 60 consecutive years. The largest portion of the district formed the new seat of Langley-Willowbrook, while its southern end became part of Langley-Abbotsford.
Chebucto Head
Chebucto Head is a Canadian headland on Nova Scotia's Chebucto Peninsula located within the community of Duncan's Cove.

Chebucto Head forms the most easterly point on the peninsula and is used to define the southwestern limit of Halifax Harbour; historically known to the Mi'kmaq Nation as "Jipugtug", (anglicised as "Chebucto") meaning "the biggest harbour", or simply, "the big harbour".  A line drawn northeast from Chebucto Head to Pennant Point defines the southern geographic limit of the harbour.  The actual legal limit of the harbour is located further inland to the north of this line.

Pennant Point, Nova Scotia
44°25′51″N 63°39′00″W﻿ / ﻿44.43083°N 63.65000°W﻿ / 44.43083; -63.65000
Pennant Point is a rural community located at the head of Pennant Harbour near Sambro on the Chebucto Peninsula in the Halifax Regional Municipality Nova Scotia on Route 349.

Pennant Point is part of the Crystal Crescent Beach Provincial Park, which is popular with hikers and beachgoers.
Lyngebreen
Lyngebreen is a glacier in Sørkapp Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a length of about four kilometers, and is located at the northern part of Kistefjellet, south of St. Nikolausfjellet. The glacier is named after Norwegian botanist and lichen specialist Bernt Arne Lynge.

Sørkapp Land
Sørkapp Land is the land area south of Hornsund,  at the southern part of Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Two glaciers, Hornbreen and Hambergbreen, divide Sørkapp Land from Torell Land.

Sørkapp Land is included in the Sør-Spitsbergen National Park.
Branches of microbiology
The branches of microbiology can be classified into pure and applied sciences. Microbiology can be also classified based on taxonomy, in the cases of bacteriology, mycology, protozoology, and phycology. There is considerable overlap between the specific branches of microbiology with each other and with other disciplines, and certain aspects of these branches can extend beyond the traditional scope of microbiology
In general the field of microbiology can be divided in the more fundamental branch (pure microbiology) and the applied microbiology (biotechnology). In the more fundamental field the organisms are studied as the subject itself on a deeper (theoretical) level.
Applied microbiology refers to the fields where the micro-organisms are applied in certain processes such as brewing or fermentation. The organisms itself are often not studied as such, but applied to sustain certain processes.

Basic research
Basic research, also called pure research, fundamental research, basic science, or pure science, is a type of scientific research with the aim of improving scientific theories for better understanding and prediction of natural or other phenomena.  In contrast, applied research uses scientific theories to develop technology or techniques, which can be used to intervene and alter natural or other phenomena. Though often driven simply by curiosity, basic research often fuels the technological innovations of applied science. The two aims are often practiced simultaneously in coordinated research and development.

In addition to innovations, basic research serves to provide insights and public support of nature, possibly improving conservation efforts. Technological innovations may influence engineering concepts, such as the beak of a kingfisher influencing the design of a high-speed bullet train.
Sylvestre Bangui
Sylvestre Bangui (15 March 1934 – 4 June 1996) was a Central African general, diplomat and politician. He rose amongst the ranks of the Central African Armed Forces to become a general, and was away for military training when Jean-Bédel Bokassa carried out his coup d'état in 1965. Bokassa appointed him as an ambassador, first to Canada and then to France. In 1979, he carried out a press conference where he denounced his government for carrying out a massacre of children, resigned and formed an opposition group. After Bokassa's deposition, he served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1979 and 1980. He also served as the Minister of Economy and Finance in 1983 and 1984.

Central African Armed Forces
The Central African Armed Forces (French: Forces armées centrafricaines; FACA) are the armed forces of the Central African Republic and have been barely functional since the outbreak of the civil war in 2012. Today they are among the world's weakest armed forces, dependent on international support to provide security in the country. In recent years the government has struggled to form a unified national army. It consists of the Ground Force (which includes the air service), the gendarmerie, and the National Police.

Its disloyalty to the president came to the fore during the mutinies in 1996–1997, and since then has faced internal problems. It has been strongly criticised by human rights organisations due to terrorism, including killings, torture and sexual violence. In 2013 when militants of the Séléka rebel coalition seized power and overthrew President Bozizé they executed many FACA troops.
Maracaturra coffee
Maracaturra is a high yielding Brazilian hybrid of Maragogype and Caturra. It is believed to have naturally occurred in the late 1800s and is mainly found in Brazil, El Salvador, and Nicaragua. They have large sized beans and leaves. Its Caturra lineage contributes to the coffee's taste and its high yield. It has short stature and abundant foliage, making it resistant to wind damage.

This variety is susceptible to coffee leaf rust and hence demands a high level of maintenance. Its flavor profile includes tropical fruits and bright acidity. It is cultivated in areas which are 1400 to 1600 meters above sea level.

The variety came fifth in the Cup of Excellence 2015.

Cup of Excellence
The Cup of Excellence is an annual competition held in several countries to identify the highest quality coffees produced. It is organized by the Alliance for Coffee Excellence, which was founded by George Howell, Susie Spindler and Silvio Leite. The Cup of Excellence has worked to fundamentally change the high quality coffee industry and has supported advances in farming and premiums to farmers that would have been impossible without it.
Rotbold I, Count of Provence
Rotbold I (also spelled Rothbold, Rotbald, Rodbald, Robald(us), Roubaud, or Rotbaud; died 1008) was a French nobleman. He was Count of Provence from 968 until his death and margrave from 993. He was the elder of two sons of Boso II of Provence and Constance, his younger brother being William I, who took up the title of marchio in 979 and that of dux later. He ruled with William, probably jointly over the whole county. On William's death, Rotbold was left as head of the family with the title of marchio.

He first signed a charter of his father's in March 965. He signed his brother's donation to Saint-Victor de Marseille in April 970 and to Cluny on 28 August 990. In 1005, he joined with his sister-in-law Adelaide of Anjou and his nephew William II to grant privileges to Saint-Victor.

He married Emilde, possibly a daughter of Stephen, Viscount of Gévaudan. He left one son, Rotbold II, who inherited his titles, and a daughter, Gerberge.

Boso II of Arles
Boson II of Arles (c. 928 – 965/67) was Count of Avignon from 935 and Count of Arles from 949. Around 953, Boso II married Constance, possibly a daughter of the Bivinid Charles Constantine, Count of Vienne, from whom he got two sons: Rotbold II (Roubaud), and William I (Guillaume the Liberator) (* c. 952; † 994), Count of Arles and Provence, and then Margrave of Provence. His origin is controversial, even though his life is relatively well known.
May Tager
May Tager (Hebrew: מאי תג'ר; born 22 November 1998) is an Israeli model. As of 2023, Tager has worked with international brands such as Armani, Victoria's Secret, Louis Vuitton and many more in the past. Tager gained recognition after replacing supermodel Bella Hadid as the face of Dior for the holiday campaign 2023. Tager is signed with IMG Models.

IMG (company)
IMG, originally known as the International Management Group, is a global sports, fashion, events and media company headquartered in New York City. The company manages athletes and fashion celebrities; owns, operates and commercially represents live events; and is an independent producer and distributor of sports and entertainment media.
Cactus's Secret
Cactus's Secret (サボテンの秘密, Saboten no Himitsu) is a Japanese shōjo manga series written and illustrated by Nana Haruta. The series began serialization in Ribon magazine on December 29, 2003, and ended its run on April 30, 2005. The individual chapters were collected into four tankōbon volumes by Shueisha; the first on August 11, 2004, and the final on October 14, 2005. The series has been licensed by Viz Media for an English-language North American release as part of their Shojo Beat imprint.

Nana Haruta
Nana Haruta (春田 なな, Haruta Nana; born June 30, 1985), is a Japanese manga artist. At the age of 15, she debuted with the short comic Ai no Ai Shirushi in 2000 and has been since known for her works Stardust Wink and Tsubasa to Hotaru.
C. Richard Beam
Charles Richard Beam (February 15, 1925—January 26, 2018) was a major figure in twentieth-century Pennsylvania German linguistics, folklore studies, and social history who wrote  under the pen-name Es Bischli-Gnippli (Little Clodhopper). He was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and received his doctorate in German at the University of Pennsylvania (Ph.D. 1970).

Beam wrote newspaper columns in the Pennsylvania German dialect for over fifty years, and also hosted radio broadcasts in Pennsylvania German from 1971 until 2013.

A member of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Beam also belonged to the Pennsylvania German Society and a large number of German-American and Pennsylvania local history organizations.

Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
Lancaster County (/ˈlæŋkɪstər/), sometimes nicknamed the Garden Spot of America or Pennsylvania Dutch Country, is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 552,984, making it Pennsylvania's sixth-most populous county. Its county seat is also Lancaster. Lancaster County comprises the Lancaster metropolitan statistical area. Lancaster County is a tourist destination with its Amish community being a major attraction. The ancestors of the Amish began to immigrate to colonial Pennsylvania in the early 18th century to take advantage of the religious freedom offered by William Penn, as well as the area's rich soil and mild climate. They were joined by French Huguenots fleeing the religious persecution of Louis XIV. There were also significant numbers of English, Welsh and Ulster Scots (also known as the Scotch-Irish in the colonies). The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.
Roeslerstammia pronubella
Roeslerstammia pronubella is a species of moth belonging to the family Roeslerstammiidae, described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. The species can be found throughout Europe and Russia as far east as Japan, where it is reported from Honshu and Kyushu.

Michael Denis
Johann Nepomuk Cosmas Michael Denis, also: Sined the Bard, (27 September 1729 – 29 September 1800) was an Austrian Catholic priest and Jesuit, who is best known as a poet, bibliographer, and lepidopterist.
Homayoun Shahrokhi
Homayoun Shahrokhi  (Persian: همایون شاهرخی; born 2 March 1946) is an Iranian football coach and former player.

He is known mostly for playing for PAS Tehran F.C., he was captain of the team winning the Takht Jamshid Cup twice (1976/77 ad 1977/78). Later on he managed PAS Tehran F.C. for several years. He was also head coach of Iran national football team for a short period, from February till September 2003. He was also technical manager of Iran national football team from 2004 until 2006.

Takht Jamshid Cup
The Takht Jamshid Cup (Persian: جام تخت جمشید, Jâm-e Taxt-e Jamšid) was a national football league based in Iran which lasted from 1974 to 1979. The league was named after Takht-e Jamshid, the Iranian name for the ancient city known as Persepolis.
2010 FAI Cup
The 2010 FAI Senior Challenge Cup, also known as the 2010 FAI Ford Cup, is the 90th season of the national football competition of the Republic of Ireland.

The competition was won by Sligo Rovers who defeated Shamrock Rovers in the final on 14 November 2010 at the Aviva Stadium, Dublin.

A total of 47 teams competed in the 2010 competition which commenced on the weekend ending Sunday 21 March 2010. The 22 teams entered from the League of Ireland Premier and First divisions received byes into the third round stage while the remaining 25 teams entered at the First and Second round stages with 15 of these 25 teams receiving byes into the second round. These 25 teams composed of 5 League of Ireland A Championship clubs, 16 Intermediate clubs and 4 Junior clubs. As winners of the competition, Sligo Rovers earned spots in both the third qualifying round of the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League and the 2011 Setanta Sports Cup.

2011 Setanta Sports Cup
The 2011 Setanta Sports Cup was the sixth staging of the Setanta Sports Cup, an association football competition featuring clubs from Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. It commenced on 14 February 2011 with the final played on 14 May 2011.

The draw for the 2011 competition was made at Belfast City Hall on 13 December 2010.
Yellow-footed tortoise
The yellow-footed tortoise (Chelonoidis denticulatus), also known as the Brazilian giant tortoise, is a species of tortoise in the family Testudinidae and is closely related to the red-footed tortoise (C. carbonarius). It is found in the Amazon Basin of South America. The species name has often been misspelled as denticulata, an error introduced in the 1980s when Chelonoidis was elevated to genus and mistakenly treated as feminine, an error recognized and fixed in 2017.

With an average length of 40 cm (15.75 in) and the largest known specimen at 94 cm (37 in), this is the sixth-largest tortoise species on Earth, after the Galapagos tortoise, the Aldabra tortoise, the African spurred tortoise (Geochelone sulcata, typical size 76 cm (30 in)), the leopard tortoise (Stigmochelys pardalis), and the Asian forest tortoise (Manouria emys), typical size 60 cm (23.6 in)).

Asian forest tortoise
The Asian forest tortoise (Manouria emys) is a species of tortoise in the family Testudinidae. The species is endemic to Southeast Asia. It is believed to be among the most primitive of living tortoises, based on molecular and morphological studies.
Genaro Ruiz Arriaga
Genaro Ruiz Arriaga (born 1 July 1955) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). In the 2012 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the third district of Veracruz during the 62nd Congress.

3rd federal electoral district of Veracruz
The 3rd federal electoral district of Veracruz (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 03 de Veracruz) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 19 such districts in the state of Veracruz.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in this district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the third region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Magaly Armenta Oliveros. Originally elected for the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM), she switched to the National Regeneration Movement (Morena) at the start of the congressional session on 1 September 2024.
Diagnostic board
In electronic systems a diagnostic board is a specialized device with diagnostic circuitry on a printed circuit board that connects to a computer or other electronic equipment replacing an existing module, or plugging into an expansion card slot.

A multi-board electronic system such as a computer comprises multiple printed circuit boards or cards connected via connectors. When a fault occurs in the system, it is sometimes possible to isolate or identify the fault by replacing one of the boards with a diagnostic board. A diagnostic board can range from extremely simple to extremely sophisticated.

Simple standard diagnostic plug-in boards for computers are available that display numeric codes to assist in identifying issues detected during the power-on self-test executed automatically during system startup.

Power-on self-test
A power-on self-test (POST) is a process performed by firmware or software routines immediately after a computer or other digital electronic device is powered on.

POST processes may set the initial state of the device from firmware and detect if any hardware components are non-functional. The results of the POST may be displayed on a panel that is part of the device, output to an external device, or stored for future retrieval by a diagnostic tool. In some computers, an indicator lamp or a speaker may be provided to show error codes as a sequence of flashes or beeps in the event that a computer display malfunctions.

POST routines are part of a computer's pre-boot sequence. If they complete successfully, the bootstrap loader code is invoked to load an operating system.

In IBM PC compatible computers, the main duties of POST are handled by the BIOS or UEFI.