hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2017 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana
The 2017 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the twenty-second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Champaign, Illinois, United States between November 13 and November 18, 2017.

Champaign, Illinois
Champaign (/ˌʃæmˈpeɪn/ sham-PAYN) is a city in Champaign County, Illinois, United States. The population was 88,302 at the 2020 census. It is the tenth-most populous municipality in Illinois and the fourth most populous city in the state outside the Chicago metropolitan area. It is a principal city of the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area, which had 236,000 residents in 2020.

Champaign shares the main campus of the University of Illinois with its twin city of Urbana, and is also home to Parkland College, which gives the city a large student population during the academic year. Due to the university and a number of technology startup companies, it is often referred to as a hub of the Illinois Silicon Prairie. Champaign houses offices for the Fortune 500 companies Abbott, Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), Caterpillar, John Deere, Dow Chemical Company, IBM, and State Farm. Champaign also serves as the headquarters for several companies, including Jimmy John's.
Gidget's Summer Reunion
Gidget's Summer Reunion is a 1985 American made-for-television adventure comedy-drama film produced by Columbia Pictures Television that aired in syndication on June 1, 1985. It was written by Robert Blees and George Zateslo, directed by Bruce Bilson and stars Caryn Richman as Gidget, Dean Butler, Allison Barron, William Schallert, Anne Lockhart and Mary Frann.

Bruce Bilson
Bruce Bilson (May 19, 1928 – January 16, 2026) was an American film and television director. He is most notable for his work as a regular director on the spy spoof Get Smart. He won the 1967–1968 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series for the third season Get Smart episode "Maxwell Smart, Private Eye".
2014 Apia International Sydney
The 2014 Apia International Sydney was a joint 2014 ATP World Tour and 2014 WTA Tour tennis tournament, played on outdoor hard courts in Sydney, New South Wales. It was the 122nd edition of the tournament and took place at the NSW Tennis Centre in Sydney, Australia. It was held from 5 to 11 January 2014. It was part of the Australian Open Series in preparation for the first Grand Slam of the year.

Women's singles defending champion, Agnieszka Radwańska and ATP players, Juan Martín del Potro, Jerzy Janowicz and Bernard Tomic announced their participation in the event.

Albert Ramos Viñolas
Albert Ramos Viñolas (Spanish pronunciation: [alˈβeɾ ˈramos βiˈɲolas]; born 17 January 1988) is a former Spanish professional tennis player. He reached a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 17, in May 2017, after the final of the 2017 Monte Carlo Masters.
OCU
OCU may mean:

Ohio Christian University

Oklahoma City University

Operational conversion unit, a unit in an air force

Operational Command Unit, a unit in a police force

Operator Control Unit, a hardware or software control interface for an automated system

One Cohesive Unit, a nickname for Annville-Cleona's men's high school soccer team

Organizacion de Consumidores y Usuarios, a consumer organization in Spain, part of Euroconsumers

Organized Chaos Unit, a unit of armed Citizens

Orthodox Church of Ukraine

Osaka City University, a public university in Osaka, Japan

Overseas Chinese University, a university in Taichung, Taiwan

Overseas Chinese University
Overseas Chinese University (OCU; Chinese: 僑光科技大學) is a private university in Xitun District, Taichung, Taiwan. It was founded in 1964 by the Hsin Tien Kong Educational Foundation, and was originally called the Overseas Chinese Junior College.

OCU offers a range of undergraduate and graduate programs in various fields, including management, computer science, engineering, design, law, and health sciences.
U wave
The U wave is a wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG). It comes after the T wave of ventricular repolarization and may not always be observed as a result of its small size. 'U' waves are thought to represent repolarization of the Purkinje fibers.
However, the exact source of the U wave remains unclear. The most common theories for the origin are:

Delayed repolarization of Purkinje fibers

Prolonged re-polarisation of mid-myocardial M-cells

After-potentials resulting from mechanical forces in the ventricular wall

The repolarization of the papillary muscle.

Papillary muscle
The papillary muscles are muscles located in the ventricles of the heart.  They attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves (the mitral valve between the left atrium and ventricle and the tricuspid valve between the right atrium and ventricle), via the chordae tendineae. They contract to prevent inversion or prolapse of these valves on systole (or ventricular contraction).
John Roush
John Roush is the name of:

John A. Roush, American educator, former president of Centre College

John Roush (American football), former American football player from the University of Oklahoma and the NFL

J. Edward Roush (1920-2004), American congressman

J. Edward Roush
John Edward Roush (September 12, 1920 – March 26, 2004) was an American lawyer and World War II veteran who served eight terms as a U.S. Representative from Indiana from 1959 to 1969, and again from 1971 to 1977.
Fitzgerald Nunataks
The Fitzgerald Nunataks (66°15′S 52°49′E﻿ / ﻿66.250°S 52.817°E﻿ / -66.250; 52.817) are three isolated nunataks 2 nautical miles (4 km) north of Mount Codrington, at the northwest end of the Napier Mountains in Enderby Land, Antarctica. They were mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and named "Veslenutane" (the little peaks). They were photographed from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1956 and renamed by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for Brigadier L. Fitzgerald, Director of Survey in the Australian Army, 1942–60.

Enderby Land
Enderby Land is a projecting landmass of Antarctica. Its shore extends from Shinnan Glacier at about 67°55′S 44°38′E﻿ / ﻿67.917°S 44.633°E﻿ / -67.917; 44.633 to William Scoresby Bay at 67°24′S 59°34′E﻿ / ﻿67.400°S 59.567°E﻿ / -67.400; 59.567, approximately 1⁄24 of the earth's longitude. It was first documented in western and eastern literature in February 1831 by John Biscoe aboard the whaling brig Tula, and named after the Enderby Brothers of London, the ship's owners who encouraged their captains to combine exploration with sealing.
Ragam (surname)
Ragam surname (in Telugu రాగం) is a commonly used surname by Telgu people of the Telaga subcaste Kapu caste.

The people with Ragam surname belong to Palangula Gotra who lives in coastal regions of Andhra Pradesh in the Guntur and Krishna districts on the banks of Krishna River.

In Kapu culture, surnames have more importance compared to caste names when recognizing people.

In recent days, most of the population does not use caste titles in their names, but only uses surnames to denote their lineage.

Gotra
In Hindu culture, the term gotra (Sanskrit: गोत्र) is considered to be equivalent to lineage. It broadly refers to people who are descendants in an unbroken male line from a common male ancestor or patriline. Generally, the gotra forms an exogamous unit, with marriage within the same gotra being regarded as incest and prohibited by custom. The name of the gotra can be used as a surname, but it is different from a surname and is strictly maintained because of its importance in marriages among Hindus, especially among castes. Pāṇini defines gotra as apatyam pautraprabhrti gotram (IV. 1. 162), which means "the word gotra denotes the descendance (or descendants), apatya, of a couple consisting of a pautra, a son and a bharti, a mother, i.e. a daughter-in-law."  (Based on Monier Williams Dictionary definitions.)
Political families of Chhattisgarh
This is a partial listing of prominent political families of Chhattisgarh.

Jogi family

Ajit Jogi, first Chief Minister of Chhattisgarh
Amit Jogi, son of  former Chief Minister Ajit Jogi

Shukla family

Ravi Shankar Shukla,  Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh
Shyama Charan Shukla,  Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh
Amitesh Shukla, son of Shyama Charan Rural Development Minister in the Chhattisgarh 2002/03
Vidya Charan Shukla, Minister of External Affairs

Kashyap family

Baliram Kashyap, member of Lok Sabha from Bastar
Dinesh Kashyap, Member of Lok Sabha from Bastar

Singh family

Raman Singh, Ex Chief Minister of Chhattisgarh
Abhishek Singh, Member of Lok Sabha from Rajnandgaon

Baliram Kashyap
Baliram Kashyap (11 March 1936 – 10 March 2011) was an Indian politician. He was a member of the 12th, 13th, 14th, and 15th Lok Sabhas of India.  He represented the Bastar constituency of Chhattisgarh and was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) political party. Kashyap died on 10 March 2011, only one day before his 75th birthday. He is known as Balasaheb Thackeray of Bastar.
Yevseyevo
Yevseyevo (Russian: Евсеево) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Yevseyevo, Moscow, a village in Desenovskoye Settlement of the federal city of Moscow

Yevseyevo, Moscow Oblast, a village in Ulitinskoye Rural Settlement of Pavlovo-Posadsky District in Moscow Oblast; 55°45′N 38°42′E﻿ / ﻿55.750°N 38.700°E﻿ / 55.750; 38.700

Yevseyevo, Pskov Oblast, a village in Pskovsky District of Pskov Oblast

Yevseyevo, Yaroslavl Oblast, a village in Veskovsky Rural Okrug of Pereslavsky District in Yaroslavl Oblast

Pereslavsky District
Pereslavsky District  (Russian: Пересла́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 3,130 square kilometers (1,210 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Pereslavl-Zalessky (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 20,352 (2010 Census);  22,576 (2002 Census); 27,971 (1989 Soviet census).
Institut d'études politiques de Lyon
The Institut d'Études politiques de Lyon (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃stity detyd pɔlitik də ljɔ̃], Lyon Institute of Political Studies) also known as Sciences Po Lyon ([sjɑ̃s po ljɔ̃]), is a grande école located in Lyon, France. It is one of eleven Institutes of Political Studies in France, and was established in 1948 by Charles de Gaulle's provisional government following the model of the École Libre des Sciences Politiques (Sciences Po). It is located at the Centre Berthelot within the buildings of a former military health college and operates as an autonomous institution within the University of Lyon. It is the first Institute of Political Studies to have joined the prestigious Conférence des Grandes écoles.

Sciences Po Lyon has established partnerships with more than 160 universities abroad.

Mathieu Darnaud
Mathieu Darnaud (French pronunciation: [matjø daʁno]; born 11 July 1975) is a French politician who has presided over the Senate Republicans since 1 October 2024. A member of The Republicans (LR), he has been a Senator for Ardèche since 2014. He served as First Vice President under Senate President Gérard Larcher in 2023 and 2024.

Darnaud previously served as Mayor of Guilherand-Granges, Ardèche (2008–2017) and a member of the Regional Council of Rhône-Alpes (2010–2014). In 2014 and 2015, he presided over the communauté de communes Rhône Crussol, seated in 	Guilherand-Granges.
Ruđić
In Piva, a historical tribe of Old Herzegovina (now western Montenegro), there was a brotherhood (bratstvo) named Ruđić (Serbian Cyrillic: Руђић). The surname was mentioned in Church Slavonic documents of the Serbian Orthodox Hilandar monastery. The Ruđić brotherhood from Rudinice (in Plužine), which later dispersed elsewhere, is one of two family trees in Piva from which many Pivan families descend from. Several families are noted in Serbian ethnographic studies as having descended from the old brotherhood of Ruđić (Ruđići).

Piva (tribe)
Piva (Serbian Cyrillic: Пива, pronounced [pîʋa]) is a historical region in Montenegro, which existed as a Montenegrin tribe also known as Pivljani (Пивљани, pronounced [pîʋʎaːni]). It is situated in the northwestern highlands of Montenegro, bordering Bosnia and Herzegovina. 
The Piva River flows through the region. The regional center is the town of Plužine.
Daniel McGladdery
Daniel Ritchie McGladdery was a politician in Northern Ireland. He was active in the Amalgamated Engineering Union in Belfast, becoming a shop steward.

He was elected as an Ulster Unionist member of the Senate of Northern Ireland in 1957, and served until the Senate's abolition in 1973.  He was Deputy Leader of the Senate from 1960 until the office was abolished in 1961, and served as Parliamentary Secretary in the Department of the Prime Minister from 1960 to 1970.

Amalgamated Engineering Union
The Amalgamated Engineering Union (AEU) was a major British trade union. It merged with the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union to form the Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union in 1992.
Bryce Hudson
Bryce Hudson (March 29, 1979, Rabat, Morocco) is a Moroccan-American Neo-plasticist (De Stijl) painter. Hudson's early geometric paintings explore race and stereotypes through means of the Geometric abstraction style. Later in his  career, influenced by the theories of Constructivism the paintings and wall sculptures referenced abstracted architectural and spatial elements. His printmaking combines movements in art history such as Minimalism and Rococo.

Along with contemporaries Pierre Clerk and Ilya Bolotowsky, Hudson works within a small set of artist working within the Neo-Plastic style - not adhering to strict rules, but exploring the depth and future of geometric abstract art.

Constructivism (art)
Constructivism is an early twentieth-century art movement founded in 1915 by Vladimir Tatlin and Alexander Rodchenko. Abstract and austere, constructivist art aimed to reflect modern industrial society and urban space. The movement rejected decorative stylization in favour of the industrial assemblage of materials. Constructivists were in favour of art for propaganda and social purposes, and were associated with Soviet socialism, the Bolsheviks, and the Russian avant-garde.

Constructivist architecture and art had a great effect on modern art movements of the 20th century, influencing major trends such as the Bauhaus and De Stijl movements. Its influence was widespread, with major effects upon architecture, sculpture, graphic design, industrial design, theatre, film, dance, fashion and, to some extent, music.
Sarasaviya Best Actress Award
The Sarasaviya Best Actress Award is presented annually by the weekly Sarasaviya newspaper in collaboration with the Associated Newspapers of Ceylon Limited at the Sarasaviya Awards Festival.

The award was first given in 1964. Frequent winners include Swarna Mallawarachchi (5), Anoja Weerasinghe (4) and Geetha Kumarasinghe (4).

Following is a list of the winners of this prestigious title since then.

Anoja Weerasinghe
Paranapalliya Guruge Anoja Kanthi Siriwardena (Sinhala:අනොජා වීරසිංහ), popularly as Anoja Weerasinghe (born January 21, 1955), is an actress in Sri Lankan cinema, stage drama and television. One of the most respected film actresses in Sinhala cinema, Weerasinghe won the Golden Award at New Delhi Film Festival for her critics acclaimed movie Maldeniye Simion.
Adolf Windaus
Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus (German pronunciation: [ˈaːdɔlf ˈvɪndaʊs] ⓘ; 25 December 1876 – 9 June 1959) was a German chemist who won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1928 for his work on sterols and their relation to vitamins. He was the doctoral advisor of Adolf Butenandt who also won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1939.

Ergosterol
Ergosterol (ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol) is a mycosterol found in cell membranes of fungi and protozoa, serving many of the same functions that cholesterol serves in animal cells. Because many fungi and protozoa cannot survive without ergosterol, the enzymes that synthesize it have become important targets for drug discovery. In human nutrition, ergosterol is a provitamin form of vitamin D2; exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light causes a chemical reaction that produces vitamin D2.
The Magicians of Caprona
The Magicians of Caprona is a children's fantasy novel by British author Diana Wynne Jones published by MacMillan Children's Books in 1980. It was the second published of seven Chrestomanci books.

It features the venerable Italian family spell-houses Casa Montana and Casa Petrocchi in Caprona, a small independent city-state and duchy.

The Chrestomanci books are set in a parallel world and are collectively named for a powerful enchanter and British government office named Chrestomanci, who supervises the use of magic. The Magicians of Caprona is set during the tenure of Christopher Chant, who is Chrestomanci in five of the seven books and is often called Chrestomanci as a personal name.

Magic in fiction
Magic in fiction is the endowment of characters or objects in works of fiction or fantasy with powers that do not naturally occur in the real world. Magic often serves as a plot device and has long been a component of fiction.
Tutonish
Tutonish (also called Teutonish, Teutonik, Allteutonish, Altutonish, Alteutonik, Nu Teutonish, Niu Teutonish, or Neuteutonish) is a constructed language created by Elias Molee. He worked on it for several years, and he reformed it multiple times, in 1906 under the name nu teutonish, in 1911 under the name altutonish and in 1915 under the name alteutonik. It is known to be the first Pan-Germanic language.

In creating it, Molee was clearly influenced by Giuseppe Peano but chose to create a language for people based on Germanic roots instead of Romance ones. However, he created an "inter-Romance" version of his language to be used among Romance-speaking people as well.

Constructed language
A constructed language is a language for communication between humans (i.e. not with or between computers) which, unlike most languages that naturally emerge from human interaction, is intentionally devised by a person or group for a particular purpose. The term constructed language is often shortened to conlang and, as a relatively broad term, it encompasses subcategories including: fictional, artificial, engineered, planned and invented languages. Conlangs may include aspects reminiscent of natural language including phonology, grammar, orthography, and vocabulary. Interlinguistics includes the study of constructed languages.
University of Gdańsk
The University of Gdańsk (Polish: Uniwersytet Gdański, UG) is a public research university located in Gdańsk, Poland. It is one of the top 10 universities in Poland and an important centre for the studies of the Kashubian language.

Kashubian language
Kashubian (/kəˈʃuːbiən/) or Cassubian (/kəˈsuːbiən/; endonym: kaszëbsczi jãzëk; Polish: język kaszubski) is a West Slavic language belonging to the Lechitic subgroup.

Approximately 87,600 people use mainly Kashubian at home. It is the only remnant of the Pomeranian language. It is close to standard Polish with influence from Low German and the extinct Polabian (West Slavic) and Old Prussian (West Baltic) languages.

The Kashubian language exists in two different forms: vernacular dialects used in rural areas, and literary variants used in education.
Ka'b ibn Asad
Ka'b ibn Asad (Arabic: كعب ابن اسعد) was the chief of the Qurayza, a Jewish tribe that lived in Medina until 627. A tribesman, Al-Zabir ibn Bata, claimed that his face "was like a Chinese mirror, in which the girls of the tribe could see themselves", presumably meaning that Kaab had a youthful and innocent appearance.

Chinese magic mirror
The Chinese magic mirror (simplified Chinese: 透光镜; traditional Chinese: 透光鏡; pinyin: tòu guāng jìng) traces back to at least the 5th century, although their existence during the Han dynasty (206 BC – 24 AD) has been claimed. The mirrors were made out of solid bronze. The front was polished and could be used as a mirror, while the back has a design cast in the bronze, or other decoration. When sunlight or other bright light shines onto the mirror, the mirror appears to become transparent. If that light is reflected from the mirror onto a wall, the pattern on the back of the mirror is then projected onto the wall.

Bronze mirrors were the standard in many Eurasian cultures, but most lacked this characteristic, as did most Chinese bronze mirrors.
Bravery Meeting 79 (Australia)
The Bravery Council of Australia Meeting 79 Honours List was announced by the Governor General of Australia, the then Quentin Bryce, AC, CVO, on 1 September 2013.

Awards were announced for 
the Bravery Medal,
Commendation for Brave Conduct and
Group Bravery Citation.

† indicates an award made posthumously.

Victoria Police
Victoria Police is the primary law enforcement agency of the Australian state of Victoria. It was formed in 1853 and currently operates under the Victoria Police Act 2013.

As of June 2023, Victoria Police has 21,326 staff, comprising 15,842 police officers, 1,412 Protective Services Officers, 346 Police Custody Officers and 216 Police Recruits in training, 2 reservists and 3,507 Victorian Public Service (VPS) employees across 333 police stations. Victoria Police's budget for 2023–2024 is A$4.13 billion.

Between 31 July 2018 and 18 July 2019, Victoria Police recorded 514,398 offences, an increase of 1.5% from the previous year. Victoria Police also responded to 897,016 emergency calls, a reduction of 0.3% from previous year.
WV postcode area
The WV postcode area, also known as the Wolverhampton postcode area, is a group of sixteen postcode districts in England, within four post towns. These cover the north-western part of the West Midlands (including Wolverhampton, Willenhall and Bilston), plus parts of south-west Staffordshire and south-east Shropshire (including Bridgnorth).

Mail for this area is sorted, along with mail for the adjacent DY postcode area, at the North West Midlands Mail Centre in Wolverhampton.

Bridgnorth
Bridgnorth is a market town and civil parish in Shropshire, England,  named after a bridge over the River Severn. The river divides the town into High Town and Low Town, the upper town on its right bank and the lower on its left bank. The population at the 2011 Census was 12,079.
Bharatipur
Bharatipur  is a village development committee in Nawalparasi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2533 people living in 439 individual households.

Lumbini Zone
Lumbini (Nepali: लुम्बिनी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. Within the zone is the city of Lumbini, widely believed to be the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism and renowned as a major Buddhist pilgrimage site. The zone's headquarters was Butwal.
Julio Horrego
Julio Horrego (born 8 October 1998) is a Honduran swimmer. He represented Honduras at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships in Gwangju, South Korea. He competed in the men's 100 metre breaststroke and men's 200 metre individual medley events.

In 2019, he represented Honduras at the Pan American Games held in Lima, Peru.

He represented Honduras at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. He was the flagbearer during the 2020 Summer Olympics Parade of Nations as part of the opening ceremony on 23 July 2021.

He also represented Honduras in the 2021 Short Course World Aquatic Championship in Abu Dhabi, United Emirates, where he placed 25th in the world.

2019 World Aquatics Championships
The 2019 World Aquatics Championships were the 18th FINA World Aquatics Championships, held in Gwangju, South Korea from 12 to 28 July 2019. The city had previously hosted the 2015 Summer Universiade aquatics events in the same venues.