hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cuthbert Collingwood (died 1597)
Cuthbert Collingwood (d. 1597) was an English landowner.

He was the son of John Collingwood and Ursula Buckton. His family homes were Eslington.

He was captured at the Raid of the Redeswire in 1575 and taken to Scotland, where he was held for a time in Dalkeith Palace, the residence of Regent Morton. A ballad about this border incident calls Collingwood "that courteous knight". On 28 July 1587 a force from the Scottish border attacked Eslington and he was forced to flee. Two of his servants were injured and three horses were taken.

Collingwood had a feud with the Selby of Twizell family. On 6 November 1586 he was returning from Newcastle to his home, with his wife and daughter, when he encountered William Selby, son of John Selby. Collingwood was shot but survived, and one of his companions William Clavering was killed.

Twizell Castle
Twizell Castle (also spelt Twizel) is a Grade II* listed building and a Scheduled Ancient Monument which stands on a bend of the River Till at Tillmouth Park, Northumberland, northern England. Below it, the medieval Twizell Bridge spans the river. It is located 10 miles (16 km) south-west of Berwick Upon Tweed. The site is visible from a public footpath, which passes the castle from the road. The gardens of the castle contain the earthwork remains of the deserted medieval village of Twizell, whilst the massive ruin presents the remains of an 18th-century castle which was never completed.
Lee Tafanelli
Lee E. Tafanelli (born March 3, 1961) is an American National Guardsman who, serving as the Adjutant General of Kansas from 2011 to 2020. He is a former Republican member of the Kansas House of Representatives, representing the 47th district.

Kansas National Guard
The Kansas National Guard, is the component of the United States National Guard in the U.S. state of Kansas. It comprises both the Kansas Army National Guard and the Kansas Air National Guard. The Governor of Kansas is Commander-in-Chief of the Kansas National Guard when in state use. The State's highest-ranking military commander, the Adjutant General of Kansas, serves as the military head of the Guard and is second only to the Governor.
KC Streetcar
The KC Streetcar is a one-route streetcar system in Kansas City, Missouri. Initial construction began in May 2014, and service began on May 6, 2016. The KC Streetcar is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area's integrated public transit brand RideKC, and is operated by the Kansas City Streetcar Authority. It is free to ride, as a transportation development district covers the cost of ongoing operations and maintenance. As of December 2025, the KC Streetcar has had over 1 million rides since its opening in 2016.

The initial line was 2.2 miles (3.5 km) long, costing $102 million to build. In October 2025, the line was extended 3.48 miles (5.60 km) south to the University of Missouri-Kansas City at a cost of $350 million. An extension north to the riverfront is currently under construction and scheduled to open in 2026. In the RideKC system, the KC Streetcar is internally designated as route 601.

Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles
Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles (Grupo CAF, lit. 'Construction and Other Railway Services') is a Spanish publicly listed company which manufactures railway vehicles and equipment and buses through its Solaris Bus & Coach subsidiary. It is based in Beasain, Basque Autonomous Community, Spain. Equipment manufactured by Grupo CAF includes light rail vehicles, rapid transit trains, railroad cars and locomotives, as well as variable gauge axles that can be fitted on any existing truck or bogie.

Over the 20 years from the early 1990s, CAF benefited from the rail investment boom in its home market in Spain to become a world player with a broad technical capability, able to manufacture almost any type of rail vehicle. CAF has supplied railway rolling stock to a number of major urban transit operators around Europe, the US, South America, East Asia, India, Australia and North Africa.
Gog (woreda)
Gog is a woreda in Gambela Region, Ethiopia. Part of the Anuak Zone, Gog is bordered on the south by Dimma, on the southwest by the Akobo River which separates it from South Sudan, on the west by Jor, and on the north by Abobo. The major town in Gog is Pinyudo.

The terrain of Gog is predominantly flat, with the elevation ranging between 400 and 600 meters above sea level; high points include Mount Masango (552 meters). Major bodies of water in this woreda include the Gilo River and Lake Tata. According to the Atlas of the Ethiopian Rural Economy published by the Central Statistical Agency (CSA), around 30% of the woreda is forest. A notable landmark is the Gambela National Park, which occupies the land west of the Pinyudo - Gambela road.

The economy of Gog is predominantly agricultural. There are no agricultural cooperatives, and little other infrastructure. While there are roads in this woreda, details about them are not available.

Gambela (city)
Gambela (Amharic: ጋምቤላ), also spelled Gambella, is a city and separate woreda in Ethiopia and the capital of the Gambela Region. Located in Anyuak Zone, at the confluence of the Baro River and its tributary the Jajjabe, the city has a latitude and longitude of 8°15′N 34°35′E﻿ / ﻿8.250°N 34.583°E﻿ / 8.250; 34.583 and an elevation of 526 meters. It is surrounded by Gambella Zuria.

Gambela is important because bridges over both the Openo and the Jajjaba are located in that city. The town also boasts an airport (ICAO code HAGM, IATA GMB) and is near the Gambella National Park.
Bernard M. Oliver
Bernard More Oliver (May 17, 1916 – November 23, 1995) also known as Barney Oliver, was an American engineer who made contributions in many fields, including radar, television, and computers.  He was the founder and director of Hewlett-Packard (HP) laboratories until his retirement in 1981. He is also a recognized pioneer in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI). Oliver was president of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in 1965.

In 1973, Oliver was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. In 1986, Oliver received the National Medal of Science for Engineering Science. In 2004, Oliver was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. The asteroid, 2177 Oliver, is named after him. The Monterey Institute for Research in Astronomy's Oliver Observing Station is also named after him.

National Inventors Hall of Fame
The National Inventors Hall of Fame (NIHF) is an American not-for-profit organization, founded in 1973, which recognizes individual engineers and inventors who hold a US patent of significant technology. Besides the Hall of Fame, it also operates a museum in Alexandria, Virginia, sponsors educational programs, and a collegiate competition.

As of 2025, 652




inventors have been inducted, mostly constituting historic persons from the past three centuries, but also including living inductees. Nominees must hold a US patent of significant contribution to the US welfare, and which advances science and useful arts.
Caer Bach
Caer Bach is a Welsh hillfort of indeterminate age, on a rounded hillock situated near the village of Rowen in Conwy County Borough, North Wales. Its name in English translates as 'Small Fort'; or alternatively 'Little Fortress'. It is situated on the Eastern slopes of Tal-y-Fan, an outlying peak of the Carneddau mountain range in northeast Snowdonia; at an altitude of approximately 413 metres (1,355 feet). Little information is known about the history of the fort, as to date, the site has undergone minimal investigation. The fort is classed as a scheduled ancient monument and is of national importance for its potential to enhance our knowledge of prehistoric settlement. It is said to retain significant archaeological potential, with a strong probability of the presence of associated archaeological features and deposits.

Dolmen
A dolmen (/ˈdɒlmɛn/), or portal tomb, is a type of single-chamber megalithic tomb, usually consisting of two or more upright megaliths supporting a large flat horizontal capstone or "table". Most date from the Late Neolithic period (4000–3000 BCE) and were sometimes covered with earth or smaller stones to form a tumulus (burial mound). Small pad-stones may be wedged between the cap and supporting stones to achieve a level appearance. In many instances, the covering has eroded away, leaving only the stone "skeleton".

In Sumba (Indonesia), dolmens are still commonly built (about 100 dolmens each year) for collective graves according to lineage. The traditional village of Wainyapu has some 1,400 dolmens.
Kraus–Weber test
The Kraus–Weber test (or K–W test) is a fitness test devised in the 1940s by Hans Kraus and Sonja Weber of New York Presbyterian Hospital.  The poor tests results of American children versus children from European countries gained attention in the 1950s from American media, prompting the United States government to establish the Presidential Fitness Test within the following decades.

NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
The NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital (abbreviated as NYP) is a nonprofit academic medical center in New York City. It is the primary teaching hospital for Weill Cornell Medicine and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. The hospital includes nine campuses located throughout the New York metropolitan area. The hospital's two flagship medical centers, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and Weill Cornell Medical Center, are located on opposite sides of Upper Manhattan.

As of 2022, the hospital is ranked the seventh-best hospital in the United States and second-best in the New York City metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report. The hospital has more than 6,500 affiliated physicians, 20,000 employees and operates 4,000+ beds in total. It is one of the largest hospitals in the world. NYPH annually treats about 310,000 patients in its emergency department and delivers about 15,000 babies.
Jussi Penttala
Jussi Penttala (born 9 October 1993 in Helsinki) is a Finnish freestyle skier, specializing in moguls.

Penttala competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Finland. He placed 23rd in the first qualifying round in the moguls, not advancing. He then failed to finish in the second qualifying round, again failing to advance.

As of April 2014, his best showing at the World Championships was 16th place, in the 2011 moguls.

Penttala made his World Cup debut in December 2009. As of April 2014, his best World Cup finish is 6th, in a dual moguls event at Are in 2011–12. His best World Cup overall finish in moguls is 27th, in 2011–12.

FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships
The FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships is the world championship organized by the FIS for freestyle skiing. It was first organized in 1986 and is now held every odd year. Currently, the disciplines included in the World Championships are Aerials, Moguls, Dual Moguls, Ski cross, Half-pipe, Slopestyle and Big air. Formerly, Acroski and a combined event were held.
Carlos Bilardo
Dr. Carlos Salvador Bilardo (born 16 March 1938) is an Argentine former physician, football player, and manager.

Bilardo achieved worldwide renown as a player with Estudiantes de La Plata in the 1960s, and as the manager of the Argentina side that won the 1986 FIFA World Cup and came close to retaining the title in 1990, where they reached the final. As manager of Argentina, he was renowned for successfully employing the 3–5–2 formation at the highest level; this formation had been in use for decades, but had never achieved mainstream status.

Bilardo is known by fans and the media as el narigón ("the big nosed one").

1978 Copa Libertadores finals
The 1978 Copa Libertadores finals was the final two-legged tie to determine the 1978 Copa Libertadores champion. It was contested by Argentine club Boca Juniors (which had entered directly to semifinals as 1977 champion) and Colombian club Deportivo Cali. The first leg of the tie was played on November 23 at Deportivo Cali' home field, with the second leg played on November 28 at Boca Juniors'. It was Deportivo Cali's 1st Copa Libertadores finals and the 3rd finals for Boca Juniors.

Boca Juniors won the series after winning the second leg tie 4-0 at Buenos Aires's La Bombonera and accumulated more points than their opponent.
Rokuhara Tandai
Rokuhara Tandai (六波羅探題) was the post of the chiefs of the Kamakura shogunate in imperial capital Kyoto whose agency, the Rokuhara (六波羅), kept responsibility for security in Kinai and judicial affairs on western Japan, and negotiated with the imperial court.  Despite keeping security, the Rokuhara were also a sort of secret police and widely feared.

Rokuhara Tandai was set up after the Jōkyū Incident in 1221. The two chiefs were called Kitakata (北方) and Minamikata (南方), respectively. Kitakata was higher-ranking than Minamikata. Like shikken and rensho, both posts were monopolized by the powerful Hōjō clan. The agency was destroyed with the fall of Kamakura shogunate in 1333.

Kinai
Kinai (畿内, Japanese pronunciation: [kʲiꜜ.nai]) is a Japanese term denoting an ancient division of the country. Kinai is a name for the ancient provinces around the capital Nara and Heian-kyō.  The five provinces were called go-kinai after 1760.

The name is still used to describe part of the Kansai region, but the area of the Kinai corresponds only generally to the land of the old provinces.

The region was established as one of the Gokishichidō ("Five provinces and seven roads") during the Asuka period (538-710). It consisted of Yamashiro, Yamato, Settsu, Kawachi, and Izumi provinces.
The Shark (1930 film)
The Shark (French:Le requin) is a 1930 French film directed by Henri Chomette and starring Albert Préjean, Gina Manès and Daniel Mendaille. Made in 1929 but released the following year, it was one of the first French sound films.

The story concerns a shipowner who on the edge of financial failure, bribes accomplices to sink his ship for the insurance. He is accused of fraud and it come to court but he  acquitted only to be shot dead by his wife who narrowly escaped the sinking.

The film's sets were designed by Lazare Meerson.

Lazare Meerson
Lazare Meerson (1900–1938) was a French cinema art director. After emigrating from Soviet Russia in the early 1920s, he worked on French films of the late silent cinema and the early 1930s, particularly those directed by René Clair and Jacques Feyder. He worked in England during the last two years of his life. He had great influence on film set design in France in the years before World War II.
Speechless (play)
Speechless is a 2011 play by British playwrights Linda Brogan and Polly Teale. It was based on The Silent Twins by Marjorie Wallace, telling the story of June and Jennifer Gibbons. Its premiere was a national tour of the UK from 20 September to 26 November 2011, in a Shared Experience-Sherman Cymru co-production - venues included the Arcola Theatre in London and the Edinburgh Festival.

Sherman Theatre
The Sherman Theatre (Welsh: Theatr y Sherman) is a venue in the Cathays district of Cardiff. It was built as a twin-auditorium venue in 1973 with financial support from University College Cardiff (now Cardiff University). Sherman Cymru was the name of the Sherman Theatre between 2007 and 2016 when the name changed back to Sherman Theatre.

The theatre is named after the Sherman brothers, the founder of Sherman's Football Pools, who financed its construction.
North–South divide in Bogotá
Bogotá, the capital city of Colombia, is informally divided between a northern region and a southern region. Neither region is well defined geographically, but the north is usually thought of as the wealthier, safer part of the city, whereas the south is usually thought of as the poorer, more dangerous part.

Usaquén
Usaquén is the 1st locality of Bogotá, capital of Colombia. It is located in the north of the city. This district is mostly inhabited by upper middle and upper class residents. It is designated as Bogotá's #1 locality, while being a separate municipality of Cundinamarca until 1954, when it was annexed into the city. Today, Usaquén is home to more than 480,000 inhabitants as projected by 2008. The Eastern Hills form the natural border to the east.
Table tennis at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Women's individual – Class 11
The women's individual table tennis – Class 11 tournament at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro took place during 8–12 September 2016 at Riocentro Pavilion 3. This class was for athletes with intellectual impairment.

In the preliminary stage, athletes competed in two groups of three. Winners and runners-up of each group qualified to the semifinals.

Riocentro
22°58′45″S 43°24′48″W﻿ / ﻿22.97917°S 43.41333°W﻿ / -22.97917; -43.41333
Riocentro is an exhibition and convention center located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Built in 1977, it is the largest exhibition center in Latin America.
Prvoslav
Prvoslav (Serbian Cyrillic: Првослав) is a Serbian masculine given name first attested in the Middle Ages. It derives from prvo ("first") and slava ("glory, fame") and is thus commonly given to the firstborn child.

Firstborn
A firstborn (also known as an eldest child or sometimes firstling) is the first child born to in the birth order of a couple through childbirth. Historically, the role of the firstborn child has been socially significant, particularly for a firstborn son in patriarchal societies. In law, many systems have incorporated the concept of primogeniture, wherein the firstborn child inherits their parent's property. The firstborn in Judaism, the bechor, is also accorded a special position.
1942–43 Gauliga Donau-Alpenland
The 1942–43 Gauliga Donau-Alpenland was the fifth season of the Gauliga Donau-Alpenland, formerly the Gauliga Ostmark, the first tier of football in German-annexed Austria from 1938 to 1945.

First Vienna FC won the championship and qualified for the 1943 German football championship, reaching the semi-finals where it lost 2–1 to FV Saarbrücken.

The 1942–43 season saw the ninth edition of the Tschammerpokal, now the DFB-Pokal. The 1943 edition was won by First Vienna FC, defeating Luftwaffe team LSV Hamburg 3–2 after extra time on 31 October 1943.

The Gauliga Ostmark and Gauliga Donau-Alpenland titles from 1938 to 1944, excluding the 1944–45 season which was not completed, are recognised as official Austrian football championships by the Austrian Bundesliga.

Luftwaffen-SV Hamburg
Luftwaffen-SV Hamburg (literally: Airforce sports club Hamburg) was a short-lived military German association football club active during World War II and is notable as the most successful of the wartime military sides.
Konstantinovsk
Konstantinovsk (Russian: Константи́новск) is a town and the administrative center of Konstantinovsky District in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located on the Don River near the Seversky Donets. Population:  17,926 (2010 Census); 18,801 (2002 Census); 18,392 (1989 Soviet census).

Donets
The Seversky Donets (Russian: Северский Донец) or Siverskyi Donets (Ukrainian: Сіверський Донець), usually simply called the Donets (Russian: Донец, lit. 'Don + - ets, suffix'), is a river on the south of the East European Plain. It originates in the Central Russian Upland, north of Belgorod, flows south-east through Ukraine (Kharkiv, Donetsk and Luhansk Oblasts) and then again through Russia (Rostov Oblast) to join the river Don, about 100 km (62 mi) from the Sea of Azov. The Donets is the fourth-longest river in Ukraine, and the largest in eastern Ukraine, where it is an important source of fresh water. It gives its name to the Donets Basin, known commonly as the Donbas, an important coal-mining and industrial region in Ukraine.
1920 Copa de Competencia (AAmF) Final
The 1920 Copa de Competencia Final was the final that decided the champion of the first edition of this national cup of Argentina, organised by dissident body Asociación Amateurs de Football.

The match was held in Estadio GEBA (home venue of Club Gimnasia y Esgrima de Buenos Aires) on December 12, 1920, where Rosario Central defeated Sportivo Almagro 2–0.

Argentino de Rosario
Club Atlético Argentino, commonly known as Argentino de Rosario, is an Argentine football club from the city of Rosario, Santa Fe. The team currently plays in Primera D Metropolitana, the regionalised fifth division of the Argentine football league system.

The club was previously known as "Club Embarcadero", then "Nacional".

1946 was Argentino's most successful year, having reached the 2nd position in the Primera B tournament. Argentino lost its penultimate match against Tiro Federal, and could not reach the promotion to Primera División.

At the end of the 2005–06 season, Argentino narrowly missed out on promotion to Primera B Metropolitana, having reached the playoff final but losing 6–0 on additional time at the hands of Excursionistas.

Argentino has never played at the top level of Argentine football.
Emman Monfort
Emmanuel N. Monfort (born July 2, 1989) is a Filipino basketball coach and former player. He is an assistant coach for the NLEX Road Warriors of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). He was selected 16th overall in the 2012 PBA draft by Barako Bull Energy Cola. At 5’6” 1/16 inches, he is one of the shortest players in PBA history.

Monfort won three championships during his collegiate career with the Ateneo Blue Eagles in the UAAP from 2009 to 2011. He also won a gold medal in the 2011 SEA Games.

UAAP Season 74
UAAP Season 74 was the 2011–2012 athletic year of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP). It was hosted by Ateneo de Manila University. The men's basketball and the women's volleyball tournaments were aired by ABS-CBN Channel 2 and Studio 23 (the men's basketball games are simulcast over DZSR Sports Radio 918) for the twelfth consecutive year. The opening ceremony was held on July 9, 2011 at the Marikina Sports Center.
Barbantus elongatus
Barbantus elongatus is a species of deepwater marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Platytroctidae, the tube shoulders. This species was forst formally described in 1970 by the German ichthyologist Gerhard Krefft with its type locality given as the Central Atlantic at 3°00'S, 20°16'W from a depth of around 2,000 m (6,600 ft). This bathypelagic species is known from seven specimens which have been collected from depths between 1,800 and 2,000 m (5,900 and 6,600 ft) alomhg the Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the waters near Saint Helena, Ascension Island, Tristan da Cunha and in the Brazilian EEZ from 32°W and between 8°N and 16°S. This species has a maximum published standard length of 17.8 cm (7.0 in).

Zoological specimen
A zoological specimen is an animal or part of an animal preserved for scientific use.
Various uses are: to verify the identity of a (species), to allow study, increase public knowledge of zoology.
Zoological specimens are extremely diverse. Examples are bird and mammal study skins, mounted specimens, skeletal material, casts, pinned insects, dried material, animals preserved in liquid preservatives, and microscope slides.
Natural history museums are repositories of zoological specimens