hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pemphigus foliaceus
Pemphigus foliaceus is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin. It causes a characteristic inflammatory attack at the subcorneal layer of epidermis, which results in skin lesions that are scaly or crusted erosions with an erythematous (red) base. Mucosal involvement is absent even with widespread disease.

If there is an autoimmune IgG buildup in the epidermis, then nearly all of the antibodies are aimed against desmoglein 1. The effect of the antibodies and the immunological pathway is most likely one of three mechanisms:

Steric hindrance of the desmoglein 1: The antibody caps off the site for intracellular binding to another keratinocyte.

Activation of an endocytic pathway: The antibody activates a pathway which causes an internalization of desmogleïn 1, which in turn causes a loss of adhesion.

Disruption of function: In this case, the antibody blocks the desmoglein 1 from being formed into a desmosome. This in turn causes a loss of adhesion with acantholysis as a result.

Erythema
Erythema (Ancient Greek: ἐρύθημα, from Greek  erythros 'red') is redness of the skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. It occurs with any skin injury, infection, or inflammation. Examples of erythema not associated with pathology include nervous blushes.
Marcello Costalunga
Marcello Costalunga (5 January 1925 – 5 May 2010) was the Roman Catholic Titular Archbishop of Aquileia and an official of the Roman Curia.

Born in Rome, he was ordained a priest on 27 March 1948 by Luigi Cardinal Traglia who at the time was an auxiliary bishop of Rome.

Costalunga was appointed both as an official of the Roman Curia and a titular archbishop on 10 December 1990.  His consecration as bishop by Pope John Paul II took place on 6 January 1991. Giovanni Battista Cardinal Re and Justin Francis Cardinal Rigali were co-consecrators.

Archbishop Costalunga retired from the curial position on 25 January 2001, however, keeping the title of his titular see.

Justin Rigali
Justin Francis Rigali (born April 19, 1935) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church. After a diplomatic and academic career in Rome, he served as Archbishop of St. Louis from 1994 to 2003. He then served as Archbishop of Philadelphia from 2003 until his resignation in 2011, following a probe into the Archdiocese of Philadelphia sex abuse scandal. He was created a cardinal in 2003.
Brand New / Safety in Numbers
Brand New / Safety in Numbers is a split EP by the American bands Brand New and Safety in Numbers, released on March 6, 2002. The split was originally between Brand New and Reggie and the Full Effect, but plans fell through.

After recording their debut album Your Favorite Weapon in 2001, Long Island band Brand New teamed up with their then labelmate Safety in Numbers for a split EP.  Each band contributed a new song and a cover song.  Brand New gave the EP a B-side called "Moshi Moshi" and a cover of the Love Spit Love song "Am I Wrong" which was popularized on the indie scene in the mid-90s. Safety In Numbers, a group started by Hot Rod Circuit leadman Andy Jackson, had a song called "No Use" and a cover of the popular Journey song "Faithfully".  The EP was available to fans of both bands through internet retailers and was specifically sold with the pre-sale for Brand New's full-length Deja Entendu (2003) album.

Your Favorite Weapon
Your Favorite Weapon (stylized as Your+Favorite+Weapon and Yourfavoriteweapon) is the debut studio album by American rock band Brand New, released in 2001. Recorded and released a year after the band's formation, the album consists of pop punk songs about the highs and lows of teenage life. Your Favorite Weapon received positive reviews from critics and sold over 315,000 copies.
Allophylus rubifolius
Allophyllus rubifolius is a species of flowering plant in the family Sapindaceae. It is a shrub or tree native to eastern, east-central, and southeastern Africa, ranging from Eritrea to Democratic Republic of the Congo and Kwazulu-Natal, and to the Arabian Peninsula.

Sapindaceae
The Sapindaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales known as the soapberry family. It contains 138 genera and 1,858 accepted species. Examples include horse chestnut, maples, ackee and lychee.

The Sapindaceae occur in temperate to tropical regions, many in laurel forest habitat, throughout the world. Many are laticiferous, i.e. they contain latex, a milky sap, and many contain mildly toxic saponins with soap-like qualities in either the foliage and/or the seeds, or roots. The largest genera are Serjania, Paullinia, Allophylus and Acer.
It's So Hard (Big Pun song)
"It’s So Hard" is the first posthumous single by American rapper Big Pun, from his 2000 second studio album, Yeeeah Baby. It features singer Donell Jones and was produced by Younglord and Jay "Waxx" Garfield, and was released following his sudden death one month prior.

The song peaked at number 75 on the Billboard Hot 100 and at number 19 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.

Yeeeah Baby
Yeeeah Baby (titled as Yeah Baby on streaming services) is the second and final studio album by rapper Big Pun, released April 4, 2000, through Columbia Records, SRC Records, Loud Records and Fat Joe's Terror Squad Productions. It debuted and peaked at number 3 on the Billboard 200, selling 179,000 units during the first week. It was subsequently certified gold in July 2000, and received platinum certification on October 31, 2017. Fat Joe served as the executive producer of the album.

Struggling with morbid obesity, Pun experienced breathing problems throughout the album's recording process, slowing down his signature flow. He died at 28 years of age, just two months before the album's release. The album, though released, was unfinished at the time of his death.
Ray Telford
Raymond D. Telford (born 23 November 1946) is a Canadian former soccer player who competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics. He also represented Canada at the 1971 and 1975 Pan American Games. He moved to Nanaimo, British Columbia from England when he was eighteen years old.

Nanaimo
Nanaimo (/nəˈnaɪmoʊ/ nə-NY-moh) is a city on the east coast of Vancouver Island, in British Columbia, Canada. "The Harbour City" was previously known as the "Hub City", which was attributed to its original layout design with streets radiating from the shoreline like the spokes of a wagon wheel, and to its relatively central location on Vancouver Island. Nanaimo is the headquarters of the Regional District of Nanaimo.

Nanaimo is served by the Island Highway along the east coast, the BC Ferries system, and its regional airport. It is also on the dormant Island Rail Corridor.
County of Pallars
The County of Pallars or Pallás (Catalan: Comtat de Pallars, IPA: [kumˈtad də pəˈʎas]; Latin: Comitatus Pallariensis) was a de facto independent petty state, nominally within the Carolingian Empire and then West Francia during the ninth and tenth centuries, perhaps one of the Catalan counties, originally part of the Marca Hispanica in the ninth century. It was coterminous with the upper Noguera Pallaresa valley from the crest of the Pyrenees to the village of Tremp, comprising the Vall d'Àneu, Vall de Cardós, Vall Ferrera, the right bank of the Noguera Ribagorçana, and the valley of the Flamicell. It roughly corresponded with the historic region of Catalonia called Pallars. Its chief city was Sort.

Noguera Ribagorçana
The Noguera Ribagorzana (Spanish: [noˈɣeɾa riβaɣoɾˈθana]) or Noguera Ribagorçana (Catalan: [nuˈɣeɾə riβəɣuɾˈsanə]) is a river in northern Spain.

For much of its course of 130 km it forms the administrative boundary between Catalonia and Aragon. Its source is in the municipality of Vielha e Mijaran (Aran Valley) at an elevation of about 2400 m, and its upper valley forms the main access route to the Aran Valley (N-230 road and the Vielha tunnel (5230 m long) under the watershed). It passes through the traditional county of Ribagorza and the town of Pont de Suert (Alta Ribagorça). Dams form two large reservoirs, the Escales below Pont de Suert and the Canelles above Ivars de Noguera (Noguera). The Noguera Ribagorzana joins the Segre from the right at Vilanova de la Barca (Segrià). It drains a basin of 2036 km2.

Construction of the hydroelectric power plant of Ribagorzana, 1955 (Archivio storico Touring Club Italiano)
Jae-woong
Jae-woong, also spelled Jae-ung, is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Jae U. Jung (born 1960), South Korean biologist

Han Jae-woong (born 1984), South Korean football player

Kim Jae-woong (born 1988), South Korean football player

Lee Jae-woong (sledge hockey) (born 1996), South Korean sledge hockey player

Chung Jae-woong (born 1999), South Korean speed skater

Song Jae-ung (born 1945), South Korean diver

Jae U. Jung
Jae U. Jung is an expert in the molecular biology of herpes viruses and their gene products as they relate to cell biology, biochemistry and immunology.  His research addresses several key biological features of virus-host interactions, with a focus on host immune responses to viruses, mechanisms by which viruses induce tumors, and the ability of viruses to establish lifelong infections.
Lake Norman of Iredell, North Carolina
Lake Norman of Iredell is a census-designated place (CDP) in Iredell County, North Carolina, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census. The population at the 2020 census was 11,395.

The community is in the southwestern corner of Iredell County and consists of several peninsulas extending into Lake Norman, a large reservoir on the Catawba River. The CDP is bordered to the northeast by the city of Mooresville and to the south, across an arm of the lake, by the town of Cornelius in Mecklenburg County. The CDP is bordered to the southwest, across the main channel of the lake, by the CDP of Westport in Lincoln County, and to the northwest, also across the main channel, by the CDP of Lake Norman of Catawba in Catawba County.

Cornelius, North Carolina
Cornelius is a suburban town located along Lake Norman in northern Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, United States. It is a major suburb of Charlotte and part of its metropolitan area. The population was 31,412 at the 2020 census, up from 24,866 in 2010.
Michael Dean (cricketer)
Michael Matthew Dean (born 7 June 1972) is an English cricketer.  Dean is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium pace.  He was born at Sutton Coldfield, Warwickshire.

Dean represented the Warwickshire Cricket Board in a single List A match against Herefordshire in the 1st round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2002.  In his only List A match, he scored an unbeaten 8 runs.

Warwickshire Cricket Board
The Warwickshire Cricket Board is the governing body for all recreational cricket in the historic county of Warwickshire.

From 1999 to 2003 the Board fielded a team in the English domestic one-day tournament, matches which had List-A status.
Gonçalo Mendes da Maia
Gonçalo Mendes da Maia (1079? in Maia? – 1170 in Alentejo), also known as O Lidador (The Toiler), so named for his fearlessness in the struggle against the Saracens, was a Portuguese knight of the time of Afonso Henriques, about whom tradition relates important achievements in the events preceding the independence of Portugal.

Alentejo
Alentejo (/ˌælənˈteɪʒoʊ/ AL-ən-TAY-zhoh, UK also /-ʒuː/ -⁠zhoo, Portuguese: [ɐlẽˈtɛʒu] ⓘ) is a geographical, historical, and cultural region of south–central and southern Portugal. In Portuguese, its name means "beyond the Tagus" (além do Tejo).

Alentejo includes the regions of Alto Alentejo and Baixo Alentejo. It corresponds to the districts of Beja, Évora, Portalegre, and Alentejo Litoral. Its main cities are Évora, Beja, Sines, Serpa, Estremoz, Elvas, and Portalegre.

It has borders with Beira Baixa in the north, with Spain (Andalucia and Extremadura) in the east, Algarve in the south, and the Atlantic Ocean, Ribatejo, and Estremadura in the west.

Alentejo is a region known for its traditional polyphonic singing groups, similar to those found in Tuscany, Corsica, and elsewhere.
Skating Club of Boston
The Skating Club of Boston is a not-for-profit figure skating club based in Norwood, Massachusetts.  Founded in 1912, it is one of the oldest skating clubs in the United States, and a founding member of U.S. Figure Skating, the governing body for the sport in the United States. The Club's mission is to advance participation, education and excellence in skating for people of all ages, abilities and means. The Club has over 800 active members and offers a variety of programs for the public, reaching another 2,000 children and adults. The club built its own rink in Brighton, Massachusetts in 1938 and remained there until moving to the Norwood facility in 2020. In addition, in a public private partnership with the City of Boston's Parks & Recreation Department, the Club manages the programming and facilities for The Frog Pond located at Boston Common on a year-round basis.

Brighton, Boston
Brighton is a former town and current neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States, located in the northwestern corner of the city. It is named after the English city of Brighton. Initially Brighton was part of Cambridge, and known as "Little Cambridge". Brighton separated from Cambridge in 1807 after a bridge dispute, and was annexed to Boston in 1874. For much of its early history, it was a rural town with a significant commercial center at its eastern end.

The neighborhood of Allston was also formerly part of the town of Brighton, but is now often considered to be separate, leading to the name Allston–Brighton for the combined area. This historic center of Brighton is the Brighton Center Historic District. The Aberdeen section of Brighton was designated as a local architectural conservation district by the Boston Landmarks Commission in 2001.
@MAX SyncUp
@MAX SyncUp is a free proprietary backup and file synchronization program developed by @MAX Software for Windows. It is targeted at individuals and small businesses. The software supports backup to locally writable folders, including attached USB devices, network drives and local directories. It also supports backup and synchronization to WebDAV servers, (S)FTP servers and the cloud storages such as Google Drive and Dropbox.

SSH File Transfer Protocol
In computing, the SSH File Transfer Protocol, also known as Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP), is a network protocol that provides file access, file transfer, and file management over any reliable data stream. It was designed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) as an extension of the Secure Shell protocol (SSH) version 2.0 to provide secure file transfer capabilities, and is seen as a replacement of File Transfer Protocol (FTP) due to superior security. The IETF Internet Draft states that, even though this protocol is described in the context of the SSH-2 protocol, it could be used in a number of different applications, such as secure file transfer over Transport Layer Security (TLS) and transfer of management information in VPN applications.

This protocol assumes that it is run over a secure channel, such as SSH, that the server has already authenticated the client, and that the identity of the client user is available to the protocol.

The official URI scheme is sftp.
Treaty on Walvis Bay
The Treaty on Walvis Bay is a treaty which transferred control of Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands from South Africa to Namibia. It was signed on 28 February 1994 by Kobie Coetsee for South Africa and Ngarikutuke Tjiriange for Namibia, and came into force on 1 March 1994.

Kobie Coetsee
Hendrik Jacobus Coetsee (19 April 1931 – 29 July 2000), known as Kobie Coetsee, was a South African lawyer, National Party politician and administrator as well as a negotiator during the country's transition to universal democracy.
Black Gold (2011 Nigerian film)
Black Gold is a 2011 drama film co-produced and directed by Jeta Amata. One local Niger Delta community's struggle against their own government and a multi-national oil corporation who has plundered their land and destroyed the environment. The film was reissued in 2012 with the title Black November, with 60% of the scenes reshot and additional scenes included to make the film "more current".

Jeta Amata
Jeta Amata Listenⓘ is a Nigerian filmmaker, born on August 21, 1974, to popular Nigerian actor Zack Amata. He comes from a family of veteran filmmakers including Ifoghale Amata, Zack Amata and Fred Amata. Growing up in the film industry, following his family's passion for film, Jeta produced and directed his first film Glamour Boyz at the age of 21, making it no surprise when he began to rise in the world of film and entertainment.
Vasant K. Prabhu
Dr. Vasant K. Prabhu is a professor in the Electrical Engineering department at the University of Texas at Arlington. He has taught at UTA since 1991. He specializes in teaching and researching digital communication systems.

In 1958, Prabhu received his Bachelor of Science degree from Karnatak University. He also received a Bachelor of Engineering degree from the Indian Institute of Science in 1962, a Master of Science degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1963, and a Doctor of Science in 1966. He is a Life Fellow of the IEEE and a recipient of the Alfred Hay Gold medal from the Indian Institute of Science (1961), the Centennial Medal of IEEE (1984), and the Robert Q. Lee Excellence in Teaching award from UTA (1998). He has more than 30 years of experience as member of the technical staff at Bell Labs. In 1986, we was elevated to the grade of IEEE fellow for contribution to interference, noise, and spectral analysis of analog and digital communications systems.

University of Texas at Arlington
The University of Texas at Arlington (UTA or UT Arlington) is a public research university in Arlington, Texas, United States. It is the second oldest university in the University of Texas System and was founded in 1895. It was in the Texas A&M University System for several decades until joining the University of Texas System in 1965.

The university is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". The fall 2024 campus enrollment consisted of 41,613 students making it the second largest university in the UT System after UT Austin, in North Texas and fifth-largest in Texas. UT Arlington is the third-largest producer of college graduates in Texas and offers over 180 baccalaureate, masters, and doctoral degree programs.

UT Arlington participates in 15 intercollegiate sports as a Division I member of the NCAA and Western Athletic Conference. UTA sports teams have been known as the Mavericks since 1971.
Mya Callil
Mya Rose Wade Christopher Mhanna (Arabic: مايا مهنا; born 16 November 2006), commonly known as Mya Callil (Arabic: مايا خليل), is a footballer who plays as a midfielder for Australian club Western Sydney Wanderers. Born in Australia, she plays for the Lebanon national team.

2025 Football NSW season
The 2025 Football NSW season was the 13th season of soccer in New South Wales under the banner of the National Premier Leagues. The season was the third under the revamped format which consisted of three senior divisions in the state of New South Wales. The official schedule was released on 19 December 2023.
Catherine Slessor
Catherine Slessor MBE is an architecture writer, critic and former editor of The Architectural Review, and a contributor to Dezeen and Architects' Journal. She received an MBE in 2016 for her services to architectural journalism and in 2021 was elected president of The Twentieth Century Society.

Architects' Journal
Architects' Journal is a professional architecture magazine, published monthly in London by Metropolis International. Each issue includes in-depth features on relevant current affairs, alongside profiles of recently completed buildings. Ten times per year the magazine is accompanied by sister publication AJ Specification.

Architects’ Journal’s website – which attracts 8 million views a year – is focused on breaking news, and is where the publication’s investigative journalism and campaigns can be found. This includes the RetroFirst campaign, which helps architects to ensure they embed sustainability into every part of their practice.

In 2018 Architects’ Journal was awarded Magazine of the Year at the Professional Publishers Association Awards., and was named Editorial Brand of the Year at the International Building Press Awards in 2020, 2021 and 2023.
The Devil Came from Akasava
The Devil Came from Akasava (German: Der Teufel kam aus Akasava) is a 1971 West German-Spanish adventure-spy film directed by Jesús Franco. It was based on a novel by Edgar Wallace called The Keepers of the Stone.

The film was shot at the Spandau Studios in Berlin with location shooting in Lisbon and Spain.

Cinema of Spain
The art of motion-picture making within Spain or by Spanish filmmakers abroad is collectively known as Spanish Cinema.

Only a small portion of box office sales in Spain are generated by domestic films. The different Spanish governments have therefore implemented measures aimed at supporting local film production and the movie theaters, which currently include the assurance of funding from the main television broadcasters. Nowadays, the Instituto de la Cinematografía y de las Artes Audiovisuales (ICAA) is the State agency in charge of regulating the allocation of public funds to the domestic film industry.
Valhalla IP
Valhalla IP is a stadium in Gothenburg, Sweden which is currently home to IFK Göteborg (women), Göteborgs DFF and Qviding FIF. The stadium is situated close the river Mölndalsån and Burgårdsparken of the town and is named after the Valhalla (Old Norse Valhöll, "Hall of the Slain") is Odin's hall in Norse mythology. The capacity of the stadium is 4,000, where 1,200 are seated. Valhalla IP had an artificial pitch added in October 2006.

On October 19, 2008, during a football match between Örgryte IS and FC Väsby United, after one minute of play a railing in the stands collapsed when fans celebrated a goal scored by Marcus Allbäck. Up to forty spectators fell down on the field, a few suffered minor injuries and one spectator was taken to hospital.

It also hosted some Sweden men's national football team games.

Marcus Allbäck
Marcus Christian Allbäck (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈmǎrːkɵs ˈâlːbɛk]; born 5 July 1973) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a striker. He was known for his sharp finishing ability and represented clubs in Sweden, Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, England, and Germany during a career that spanned between 1992 and 2009. A full international between 1999 and 2008, he won 74 caps for the Sweden national team and scored 30 goals. He represented Sweden at three UEFA European Championships (2000, 2004, and 2008) as well as two FIFA World Cups (2002 and 2006).

After his playing career he served as an assistant coach for the Sweden national team between 2009 and 2016.
Elphinstone Jackson
Elphinstone Jackson (9 October 1868 – December 1945) was an English amateur footballer who made one appearance as a full back for England in 1891. He was one of the founders of the Indian Football Association (IFA).

Amateur sports
Amateur sports are sports in which participants engage largely or entirely without remuneration. The distinction is made between amateur sporting participants and professional sporting participants, who are paid for the time they spend competing and training. In the majority of sports which feature professional players, the professionals will participate at a higher standard of play than amateur competitors, as they can train full-time without the stress of having another job. The majority of worldwide sporting participants are amateurs.

Sporting amateurism was a zealously guarded ideal in the 19th century, especially among the upper classes, but faced steady erosion throughout the 20th century with the continuing growth of pro sports and monetisation of amateur and collegiate sports, and is now strictly held as an ideal by fewer and fewer organisations governing sports, even as they maintain the word "amateur" in their titles.