hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Deformation mechanism
In geology and materials science, a deformation mechanism is a process occurring at a microscopic scale that is responsible for deformation: changes in a material's internal structure, shape and volume. The process involves planar discontinuity and/or displacement of atoms from their original position within a crystal lattice structure. These small changes are preserved in various microstructures of materials such as rocks, metals and plastics, and can be studied in depth using optical or digital microscopy.

Boltzmann constant
The Boltzmann constant (kB or k) is the proportionality factor that relates the average relative thermal energy of particles in a gas with the thermodynamic temperature of the gas. It occurs in the definitions of the kelvin (K) and the molar gas constant, in Planck's law of black-body radiation and Boltzmann's entropy formula, and is used in calculating thermal noise in resistors. The Boltzmann constant has dimensions of energy divided by temperature, the same as entropy and heat capacity. It is named after the Austrian scientist Ludwig Boltzmann.

As part of the 2019 revision of the SI, the Boltzmann constant is one of the seven "defining constants" that have been defined so as to have exact finite decimal values in SI units. They are used in various combinations to define the seven SI base units. The Boltzmann constant is defined to be exactly 1.380649×10−23 joules per kelvin, with the effect of defining the SI unit kelvin.
Poraj, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Poraj [ˈpɔrai̯] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Końskie, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Końskie and 49 km (30 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Końskie
Końskie [ˈkɔɲskʲɛ] ⓘ (Yiddish: Kinsk, קינצק / קינסק) is a town in south-central Poland, with 20,328 inhabitants (2008), situated in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Historically, Końskie belongs to the province of Lesser Poland, and since its foundation, until 1795 (see Partitions of Poland), it was part of Lesser Poland's Sandomierz Voivodeship.
Bogouiné
Bogouiné is a town in western Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Man Department in Tonkpi Region, Montagnes District.

Bogouiné was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Bogouiné was 15,172.

Montagnes District
Montagnes District (French: District des Montagnes pronounced [mɔ̃.taɲ], "Mountains") is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the western part of the country, bordering Liberia and Guinea to the west, Woroba District to the north, Sassandra-Marahoué District to the east, and Bas-Sassandra District to the south. The capital of the district is Man.
Protein 4.2
Erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EPB42 gene. It is part of the red blood cell cytoskeleton.

Erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.2 is an ATP-binding protein which may regulate the association of band 3 with ankyrin. It probably has a role in erythrocyte shape and mechanical property regulation. Mutations in the EPB42 gene are associated with recessive spherocytic elliptocytosis and recessively transmitted hereditary hemolytic anemia.

Ankyrin
Ankyrins are a family of proteins that mediate the attachment of integral membrane proteins to the spectrin-actin based membrane cytoskeleton. Ankyrins have binding sites for the beta subunit of spectrin and at least 12 families of integral membrane proteins. This linkage is required to maintain the integrity of the plasma membranes and to anchor specific ion channels, ion exchangers and ion transporters in the plasma membrane. The name is derived from the Greek word ἄγκυρα (ankyra) for "anchor".
Krasíkov
Krasíkov (German: Budigsdorf) is a municipality and village in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

Krasíkov lies approximately 26 kilometres (16 mi) south-east of Ústí nad Orlicí, 69 km (43 mi) east of Pardubice, and 166 km (103 mi) east of Prague.

Ústí nad Orlicí
Ústí nad Orlicí (Czech pronunciation: [ˈuːsciː ˈnat orlɪtsiː]; German: Wildenschwert) is a town in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 14,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Brian Williams (center)
Brian Scott Williams (born June 8, 1966) is an American former professional football player who was a center for the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL) from 1989 to 1999.  He played college football at the University of Minnesota and was selected in the first round (18th overall) of the 1989 NFL draft.

Williams is the oldest son of Robert Williams, a former quarterback at the University of Notre Dame who was also drafted in the NFL by the Chicago Bears in the 1959 NFL draft. Williams has a son, Maxx, who last played tight end for the Arizona Cardinals.

1959 NFL draft
The 1959 NFL draft had its first four rounds held on December 1, 1958, and its final twenty-six rounds on January 21, 1959. Both sessions were held at the Warwick Hotel in Philadelphia. With the first overall pick in the draft, the Green Bay Packers selected quarterback Randy Duncan.
Carmen Juneau
Carmen Juneau (August 25, 1934 – June 18, 1999) was a Canadian politician, who served in the National Assembly of Quebec from 1981 to 1994 and as mayor of Windsor, Quebec from 1995 until her death in 1999. In provincial politics, she represented the electoral district of Johnson as a member of the Parti Québécois.

Following Juneau's death, a municipal park in Windsor was named in her honour in 2002.

Johnson (electoral district)
Johnson is a provincial electoral district in 3 regions of Quebec, Canada that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec.

Centre-du-Québec (It includes part of the city of Drummondville, Saint-Germain-de-Grantham, Wickham)

Montérégie (Acton Vale)

Estrie (Roxton Pond, Sainte-Cécile-de-Milton).

It was created for the 1973 election from parts of Bagot, Drummond, Richmond and Shefford electoral districts.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it changed its territory considerably, losing its eastern parts including part of the city of Sherbrooke, and gaining territory to the north, including part of the city of Drummondville.

The riding named in honour of former Quebec Premier Daniel Johnson Sr. who served as leader of the province from 1966 until his death in 1968.
Harris Associates
Harris Associates L.P. is a Chicago-based investment company with $96 billion under management as of June 30, 2025. Harris manages long-only U.S. equity, international equity, and global equity strategies, offered through its mutual fund company, the Oakmark Funds, and other types of vehicles. Harris is owned by Natixis Investment Managers, an American-French financial services firm that BPCE owns. Harris Associates fully controls investment decisions, philosophy, and day-to-day operations.

BPCE Group
BPCE (for Banque Populaire Caisse d'Epargne) is a major French banking group formed by the 2009 merger of two major retail banking groups, Groupe Caisse d'Épargne and Groupe Banque Populaire. As of 2025, it was France's third-largest bank, the sixth largest in Europe, and the twenty-first in the world by total assets. It has more than 8,200 branches nationwide under their respective brand names serving nearly 150 million customers. Its wholesale banking subsidiary Natixis, previously a separately listed company, was delisted and came under full ownership of Groupe BPCE in 2021.

BPCE has been designated as a Significant Institution since the entry into force of European Banking Supervision in late 2014, and as a consequence is directly supervised by the European Central Bank. It is also designated as a global systemically important bank (G-SIB) by the Financial Stability Board.
Franz Kaspar Hesselbach
Franz Kaspar Hesselbach (27 January 1759 – 24 July 1816) was a German surgeon and anatomist who was a native of Hammelburg.

He was a pupil, and later Prosector under Carl Caspar von Siebold (1736–1807) at Würzburg. Later Hesselbach was a lecturer at Würzburg, where one of his students was Konrad Johann Martin Langenbeck (1776–1851). His son, Adam Kaspar Hesselbach (1788–1856) was also a surgeon.

As a surgeon, Hesselbach is best known for his work with hernia operations. He was the first to describe a handful of anatomical structures, such as the cribriform fascia (Hesselbach's fascia), interfoveolar ligament (Hesselbach's ligament) and the inguinal triangle (Hesselbach's triangle).

Hammelburg
Hammelburg (German pronunciation: [ˈhaml̩bʊʁk] ⓘ) is a town in Bavaria, Germany. It sits in the district of Bad Kissingen, in Lower Franconia. It lies on the river Franconian Saale, 25 km west of Schweinfurt. Hammelburg is the oldest winegrowing town (Weinstadt) in Franconia.
Barengo
Barengo (Piedmontese and Lombard: Barengh) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Turin and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Novara.

Barengo borders the following municipalities: Briona, Cavaglietto, Cavaglio d'Agogna, Fara Novarese, Momo, and Vaprio d'Agogna.

The footballer Giampiero Boniperti was born in Barengo.

Lombard language
The Lombard language (Lombard: lombard, lumbard, lumbart or lombart, depending on the orthography; pronunciation: [lumˈbaːrt, lomˈbart]) belongs to the Gallo-Italic group within the Romance languages. It is characterized by a Celtic linguistic substratum and a Lombardic linguistic superstratum and is a cluster of homogeneous dialects that are spoken by millions of speakers in Northern Italy and southern Switzerland.  These include most of Lombardy and some areas of the neighbouring regions, notably the far eastern side of Piedmont and the extreme western side of Trentino, and in Switzerland in the cantons of Ticino and Graubünden. The language is also spoken in Santa Catarina in Brazil by Lombard immigrants from the Province of Bergamo, in Italy.
Timeline of reactions to the 2020 Hong Kong national security law (June 2021)
Few protests took place in June 2021 and there were no large-scale demonstrations in threat of the national security law. The anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre on 4 June saw only small crowds or single individuals engaging in vigils in the vicinity of Victoria Park – the venue of large vigils on the same occasion in past years – before police dispersed them. The pro-democracy tabloid Apple Daily once again had its headquarters raided by police using the national security law; its executives were arrested. Security Bureau also froze the assets of three Apple Daily companies, which led the newspaper to print its final edition on 24 June. Many pan-democratic groups disbanded at the end of the month under pressure from the law.

Sai Yee Street
Sai Yee Street (Chinese: 洗衣街; lit. 'Clothes-Washing Street') is a street in Mong Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

It runs south from Soy Street and ends north at Boundary Street. It is almost parallel to a number of other streets, including Tung Choi Street and Fa Yuen Street. The street runs one-way due north between Dundas Street and Argyle Street and two-ways between Argyle and Boundary Streets.

In 2019, the government planned to rename the street as Tiu Fu street (跳付街).
2001 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final
The 2001 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final was a hurling match played on 1 July 2001 at Páirc Uí Chaoimh, Cork, County Cork. It was contested by Tipperary and Limerick. Tipperary claimed their first Munster Championship of the decade, beating Limerick on a scoreline of 2–16 to 1–17, a 2-point winning margin.
Overall, this was Tipperary's thirty sixth Munster Senior Hurling Championship title.
Tipperay had defeated Clare in the semi-final by 0–15 to 0–14 to reach the final, while Limerick had defeated Cork by 1–16 to 1–15 in the quarter-final and Waterford by 4–11 to 2–14 in the semi-final to reach the final.
The match was screened live by RTÉ as part of The Sunday Game programme.

Clare county hurling team
The Clare county hurling team represents Clare in hurling and is governed by Clare GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions - the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Munster Senior Hurling Championship and the National Hurling League.

Clare's home ground is Cusack Park, Ennis. The team's manager is Brian Lohan of the Wolfe Tones, Shannon, club.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 1998, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2024 and the National League in 2024.
Binary data
Binary data is data whose unit can take on only two possible states. These are often labelled as 0 and 1 in accordance with the binary numeral system and Boolean algebra.

Binary data occurs in many different technical and scientific fields, where it can be called by different names including bit (binary digit) in computer science, truth value in mathematical logic and related domains and binary variable in statistics.

Truth value
In logic and mathematics, a truth value, sometimes called a logical value, is a value indicating the relation of a proposition to truth, which in classical logic has only two possible values (true or false). Truth values are used in computing as well as various types of logic.
The Mermaid (1904 film)
The Mermaid (French: La Sirène) is a 1904 French silent trick film by Georges Méliès. It was sold by Méliès's Star Film Company and is numbered 593–595 in its catalogues.

Méliès himself plays the gentleman in the film. The special effects include stage machinery, pyrotechnics, substitution splices, multiple exposures, dissolves, and what reads as a traveling shot (though in fact it is the action wheeling toward the camera, not the reverse). Film critic William B. Parrill suspects this film's visuals influenced Vasili Goncharov's The Water Nymph (1910).

Pyrotechnics
Pyrotechnics is the science and craft of creating fireworks, but also includes safety matches, oxygen candles, explosive bolts (and other fasteners), parts of automotive airbags, as well as gas-pressure blasting in mining, quarrying, and demolition. This trade relies upon self-contained and self-sustained exothermic chemical reactions to make heat, light, gas, smoke and/or sound. The name comes from the Greek words pyr (πυρ; 'fire') and technikós (τεχνικός; 'artistic').

Improper use of pyrotechnics could lead to pyrotechnic accidents. People responsible for the safe storage, handling, and functioning of pyrotechnic devices are known as pyrotechnicians.
Krisztina Fazekas-Zur
Krisztina Fazekas-Zur (born 1 August 1980) is a Hungarian sprint canoer who has competed since the mid-2000s. She won nine medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with four golds (K-4 200 m: 2001, K-4 500 m: 2006, K-4 1000 m: 2003, 2007) and five silvers (K-1 4 × 200 m: 2009, K-4 200 m: 2007, 2009; K-4 500 m: 2007; K-1 1000 m: 2011).

Fazekas-Zur also won gold medals in the kayak four (K-4) 500 m team event at the 2012 and 2016 Olympics.

2006 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 2006 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Szeged, Hungary, from August 17 to 20 2006. This was the second time the city had hosted the championships, doing so previously in 1998.

Men race as individuals, pairs and quads over 200 m, 500 m and 1000 m in both Canoe (Canadian) (C) and Kayak (K) events, giving a total of 18 gold medals. Women compete for only 9 gold medals as they race in kayak events only.

This was the 35th championships in canoe sprint.
Richard Donchian
Richard Davoud Donchian (September 1905 – April 24, 1993) was an American commodities and futures trader, and a pioneer in the field of managed futures.

The first publicly managed futures fund, Futures, Inc., was started by Donchian in 1949. He also developed the trend timing method of futures investing and introduced the mutual fund concept to the field of money management.

Richard Donchian is considered to be the creator of the managed futures industry and is credited with developing a systematic approach to futures money management. His professional trading career was dedicated to advancing a more conservative approach to futures trading.

Technical analysis
In finance, technical analysis is an analysis methodology for analysing and forecasting the direction of prices through the study of past market data, primarily price and volume. As a type of active management, it stands in contradiction to much of modern portfolio theory. The efficacy of technical analysis is disputed by the efficient-market hypothesis, which states that stock market prices are essentially unpredictable, and research on whether technical analysis offers any benefit has produced mixed results. It is distinguished from fundamental analysis, which considers a company's financial statements, health, and the overall state of the market and economy.
HMS Serapis
Five ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Serapis, after the god Serapis of Hellenistic Egypt.

HMS Serapis (1779) was a 44-gun Roebuck-class two-decker fifth rate launched in 1779 and captured later that year by the American John Paul Jones. She became a French privateer and was lost to a fire in 1781.

HMS Serapis (1782) was a 44-gun fifth rate, launched in 1782, converted to a storeship in 1795, and sold at Jamaica in 1826.

HMS Serapis (1866) was an iron screw Euphrates-class troopship in service from 1866 to 1894.

HMS Serapis (1918) was a World War I S-class destroyer launched in 1918 and sold 1934.

HMS Serapis (G94) was a World War II S-class destroyer launched in March 1943, transferred to the Royal Netherlands Navy in October 1945 as HNLMS Piet Hein, and broken up in 1962.

HMS Serapis (1866)
HMS Serapis was a Euphrates-class troopship commissioned for the transport of troops to and from India.  She was launched in the Thames on 26 September 1866 from the Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company at Leamouth, London and was the third Royal Navy ship to bear the name. She was sold in 1894.
Blackwood baronets
There have been two Blackwood baronetcies, one in the Baronetage of Ireland and one in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. Both titles are now merged with that of the Baron Dufferin and Claneboye.

Blackwood baronets of Killyleagh (1763): see Baron Dufferin and Claneboye

Blackwood baronets of the Navy (1814)

Blackwood baronets of the Navy (1814)
The Blackwood baronetcy, of the Navy, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 1 September 1814 for the Honourable Henry Blackwood, seventh son of Sir John Blackwood, 2nd Baronet and of Dorcas Blackwood, 1st Baroness Dufferin and Claneboye. He was a Vice-Admiral of the Blue in the Royal Navy and was the bearer of despatches announcing the victory of Trafalgar in 1805. The 7th Baronet succeeded as 10th Baron Dufferin and Claneboye and 11th Baronet of Killyleagh in 1988.
Widoradz
Widoradz [viˈdɔrat͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wieluń, within Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Wieluń and 87 km (54 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieluń County
Wieluń County (Polish: powiat wieluński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Wieluń, which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 927.69 square kilometres (358.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 78,260, out of which the population of Wieluń is 24,347 and the rural population is 53,913.
Anfillo (woreda)
Anfillo is a woreda in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Part of the Kelem Welega Zone, Anfillo is bordered on the southwest by the Gambela Region, on the north by Jimma Gidami, on the northeast by Yemalogi Welele, and on the east by Sayo. The major town in Anfillo is Mugi.

Coffee is an important cash crop of this woreda. Over 50 square kilometers are planted with this crop.

Kelam Welega Zone
8°47′N 34°46′E﻿ / ﻿8.78°N 34.77°E﻿ / 8.78; 34.77Kellem Wollega (Oromo: Qeellam Wallaggaa) is one of the zones of the Oromia Region in Ethiopia. This zone is named after the former province of Wollega, whose western part lay in the area Kellem Wollega now occupies. Kellem Wollega was formed of woredas which included to West Wollega Zone.
Varakhsha
Varakhsha, also Varasha or Varahsha, was an ancient city in the Bukhara oasis in Sogdia, founded in the 1st century BCE. It is located 39 kilometers to the northwest of Bukhara. Varakhsha was the capital of the Sogdian dynasty of the kings of Bukhara, the Bukhar Khudahs. It ultimately never recovered from the Muslim conquest of Transoxiana. After British archaeologists began investigating the site in the 1820s, it became "the very first Sogdian archaeological site mentioned in European literature."

Muslim conquest of Transoxiana
The Muslim conquest of Transoxiana, also called the Arab conquest of Transoxiana, was part of the early Muslim conquests. It began shortly after the Muslim conquest of Persia enabled the Arabs to enter Central Asia. Relatively small-scale incursions had taken place under the Rashidun Caliphate, but it was not until after the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate that an organized military effort was made to conquer Transoxiana, a region that today includes all or parts of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. The campaign continued under the Abbasid Caliphate and gradually saw the Islamization of the region.
United States Post Office (Northport, New York)
Northport Post Office, the U.S. post office in Northport, New York, is located at 244 Main Street in Northport, New York. It serves the ZIP code 11768, which also includes Asharoken, Eaton's Neck, Vernon Valley, Middleville, and Fort Salonga.

Northport Post Office was designed by Louis A. Simon in conjunction with the United States Treasury Department. Simon also designed the Post Office buildings in Bay Shore, Riverhead, and Westhampton Beach. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989, along with two other Simon-built post offices.

Eatons Neck, New York
Eatons Neck is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Huntington in Suffolk County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 1,406 at the 2010 census.

There is a United States Coast Guard station at the northern tip of the hamlet.
Building at 1101–1113 Maple Avenue
The Building at 1101–1113 Maple Avenue is a historic rowhouse building in Evanston, Illinois. Built in 1892, the three-story building includes seven attached rowhouses. Late nineteenth century rowhouses such as this were precursors to Evanston's suburban apartment buildings of the early twentieth century, which also offered house-like living in a multi-family setting. Architect S.H. Warner designed the building in the Queen Anne style. The building's design includes gambrel porch roofs, projecting bays, patterned shingle siding, and a corner turret.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 15, 1984.

Turret (architecture)
In architecture, a turret is a small circular tower, usually notably smaller than the main structure, that projects outwards from a wall or corner of that structure. Turret also refers to the small towers built atop larger tower structures.