hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Freelance diplomacy
Freelance diplomacy is a form of self-financing diplomatic representation used by countries who, as a general rule, cannot afford to hire expert diplomatic consultants full-time.

A "freelance diplomat" is hired for a specific task or may sometimes be contracted on a permanent basis to run a delegation, mission or embassy. They may also be used to promote investment into the country they work for.  It is understood to be a performance-based relationship, where the diplomat is paid on results only.

Prominent freelance diplomats include.

Carne Ross, former British diplomat.

Jimmy Carter, former President of the United States.

Prince Raphael Dakik, Lobbyist

Carne Ross
Carne Ross (born 1966) is a former senior British diplomat who resigned over the Iraq War after giving secret testimony to the first official inquiry into the war.  He is also the founder and former executive director of Independent Diplomat, a diplomatic advisory group.  He is a writer, with books about the failures of diplomacy and the necessity of mass, popular political change, and anarchism.
Greg Blanc
Greg Blanc is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member for the 35th district in the South Dakota State Senate since 2025. His district stretches from eastern Rapid City to Box Elder. He defeated Mike Walsh in the Republican primary.

South Dakota's 35th legislative district
South Dakota's 35th legislative district is one of 35 districts in the South Dakota Legislature. Each district elects one senator and two representatives. Its state senate seat has been held by Mike Walsh since 2024. In the state house, it has been represented by Republicans Tina Mulally and Tony Randolph since 2019.
X Factor (Albanian TV series) season 2
X Factor is an Albanian television music competition to find new singing talents. The second season began on 28 October 2012 on TV Klan.

Based on the British format, the competition consists of auditions, in front of producers and then the judges with a live audience; bootcamp; judges' houses and then the live finals. Auditions for the show began in August and concluded in September 2011. The show is hosted by Albanian singer Alketa Vejsiu, while the judging panel consists of the biggest Albanian artists. Albanian famous writer, composer and TV presenter Pandi Laço, Albanian Macedonian pop singer Altuna Sejdiu, Soni Malaj and the Albanian superstar Alban Skënderaj. The season was won by Arilena Ara of the Girls category.

Pandi Laço
Pandi Laço (born 21 March 1964) is an Albanian journalist, songwriter, presenter and scenarist. He is mostly known for his work on Albanian Eurovision songs, of which he wrote several. Pandi has worked with notable Albanian artists, including Frederik Ndoci. He hosted Festivali i Këngës in 2015. Laço started his own show called Histori me Zhurmues (Stories with Jammers), a show for Albanian history in film and music.

He was a judge on the reality competition show The X Factor Albania from 2012 to 2015.
Costa da Morte
Costa da Morte (Galician: [ˈkɔstɐ ðɐ ˈmɔɾtɪ]; "Coast of Death") is a part of the Galician coast. The most common definition of the Costa da Morte states that it extends from Cape Finisterre to Malpica, although some may debate it extends from Muros to A Coruña.

Cabo Touriñán
Cabo Touriñán is a small peninsula that is the most westerly point of Peninsular Spain. It is in the municipality of Muxía, which is in the province of A Coruña and the autonomous community of Galicia. The Cape, along with the rest of Muxía, is best known as a destination for pilgrims who extend the Camino de Santiago by walking to the Atlantic coast after reaching the holy city of Santiago de Compostela.
2022 North Carolina Senate election
An election was held on November 8, 2022, to elect all 50 members to North Carolina's Senate. The election coincided with the elections for other offices, including the U.S. Senate, U.S. House of Representatives, and state house. The filing period lasted from February 24, 2022, to March 4, 2022, with the primary election being held on May 17, 2022 (prior to the redistricting challenges it was scheduled to be held on March 8, 2022). The elections were originally to be held under new districts passed by the General Assembly in Senate Bill 739 to account for population changes following the 2020 census; however, following a ruling by the North Carolina Supreme Court, the General Assembly redrew the maps (Senate Bill 744) to comply with the court's ruling.

Wake County, North Carolina
Wake County, officially the County of Wake, is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,129,410, making it North Carolina's most populous county. From July 2005 to July 2006, Wake County was the 9th-fastest growing county in the United States, with Cary and Raleigh being the 8th- and 15th-fastest growing communities, respectively.

Its county seat is Raleigh, which is also the state capital. Eleven other municipalities are in Wake County, the largest of which is the town of Cary, the third-most populous city of the Research Triangle region and the seventh-most populous municipality in North Carolina.

It is governed by the Wake County Board of Commissioners, coterminous with the Wake County Public School System, with law enforcement provided by the Wake County Sheriff's Department. It is also part of the wider Triangle J Council of Governments, which governs regional planning.
Tozé Marreco
António José Marreco de Gouveia (born 25 July 1987), known as Tozé Marreco, is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a striker, currently a manager.

In a journeyman career that included nine Primeira Liga games for Beira-Mar and Olhanense, he played 197 games and scored 62 goals in the second tier for seven clubs and was Player of the Season as Tondela won the title in 2015. He also had brief spells in five foreign countries.

Journeyman (sports)
In American English, a journeyman is an athlete who is technically competent but unable to excel. The term is used elsewhere (such as in American, British and Australian contexts) to refer to a professional sportsman who plays for numerous clubs during his career. In Britain, the term is also used derogatorily, along with mercenary, to refer to players who join various affluent clubs purely in search of higher contractual payouts rather than to further their career; usually clubs which they would likely never join otherwise.
Caerwent (1799 ship)
Caerwent was built at Rotherhithe and launched in 1799. She was a West Indiaman that the French captured in 1803 and the British Royal Navy recaptured shortly thereafter. She made one voyage as a whaler, but then returned to the West Indies trade. She was lost at Jackmel, Hayti, in May 1810.

Jacmel
Jacmel (French pronunciation: [ʒakmɛl] ⓘ; Haitian Creole: Jakmèl) is a commune in southern Haiti previously founded by the Spanish in 1504 before the relocation of dominicans to the eastern side of the island after the Devastation of Osorio and repopulated by the French in 1698. It is the capital of the department of Sud-Est, 24 miles (39 km) southwest of Port-au-Prince across the Tiburon Peninsula, and had a population of 221,965 at the 2024 Census. The town's name is derived from its indigenous Taíno name of Yaquimel. In 1925, Jacmel was dubbed as the "City of Light," becoming the first in the Caribbean to have electricity.

The city is known for its well-preserved Gingerbread houses built in the early 19th century. The town has been tentatively accepted as a World Heritage Site. It sustained damage in the 2010 Haiti earthquake.

Jacmel is home to the country's leading film school, the Ciné Institute.
2025 Izida Cup II
The 2025 Genesis Trading Cup II  (formerly the Izida Cup II) was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Sofia, Bulgaria between 18 and 23 August 2025.

Nino Serdarušić
Nino Serdarušić (Croatian pronunciation: [nǐːno serdǎruʃitɕ]; born 13 December 1996) is a Croatian tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 167 achieved on 27 June 2022 and a doubles ranking of No. 125 achieved on 5 February 2026.
Piclamilast
Piclamilast (RP 73401), is a selective PDE4 inhibitor. It is comparable to other PDE4 inhibitors for its anti-inflammatory effects. It has been investigated for its applications to the treatment of conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and asthma. It is a second generation compound that exhibits structural functionalities of the PDE4 inhibitors cilomilast and roflumilast. The structure for piclamilast was first elucidated in a 1995 European patent application. The earliest mention of the name "piclamilast" was used in a 1997 publication.

Binding selectivity
In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex. Binding selectivity describes how a ligand may bind more preferentially to one receptor than another. A selectivity coefficient is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of displacement by one ligand of another ligand in a complex with the substrate. Binding selectivity is of major importance in biochemistry and in chemical separation processes.
Edinburgh International Magic Festival
Edinburgh International Magic Festival, also known as MagicFest, is an annual arts festival which takes place in Edinburgh, Scotland in the first week of July each year.

MagicFest was founded in 2010 by Magician Kevin McMahon and events organiser Svetlana Shevchenko.  In 2011 the Magic Festival featured Paul Wilson from  BBC The Real Hustle, Paul Daniels,  Rob James, Romany, the Diva of Magic and John Archer.

Romany, the Diva of Magic
Romany, the Diva of Magic is a British magician.  
She was featured on the cover of The Linking Ring magazine in August 2007. 
She was mentored by magician and teacher Jeff McBride,
who was quoted as calling Romany "a British Bette Midler."
Henyk
Henyk (Ukrainian: Геник, Ґеник) is a Ukrainian-language surname. The spelling "Ґеник" is transliterated as Genyk. Via the Russian language it is transliterated as Genik. Notable people with this surname include:

Anna Henyk, first wife of Yaroslav Halan

Cyril Genik (1857–1925), Ukrainian-Canadian immigration agent, a Person of National Historic Significance in Canada

George Genyk (1938–2017), American football lineman and coach

Jeff Genyk (born 1960), American football coach and former player, son of George

Jeff Genyk
Jeffrey George Genyk (/ˈdʒɛnɪk/ JEN-ik; born August 22, 1960) is an American football coach and former player. He most recently served as the special teams coordinator for Northwestern. Genyk served as the head football coach at Eastern Michigan University from 2004 to 2008, compiling a record of 16–42 in five seasons. He was a television analyst for Atlantic Coast Conference football for ESPN during the 2009 season.
Luxembourg at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Luxembourg competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004. The nation has competed at every Olympic games for a century, except the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.

Luxembourgian Olympic and Sporting Committee sent the nation's largest delegation to the Games since the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. A total of 10 athletes, 6 men and 4 women, competed in 6 sports; most of them participated strongly in road cycling, swimming, and tennis. Notable Luxembourgish athletes featured road cyclist Fränk Schleck, triathlete Elizabeth May, and tennis star Claudine Schaul, who later became the nation's flag bearer in the opening ceremony.

Luxembourg failed to win an Olympic medal in Athens since the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, where middle-distance runner Josy Barthel took home the Olympic title in the men's 1500 metres.

Josy Barthel
Joseph "Josy" Barthel (24 April 1927 – 7 July 1992) was a Luxembourgish athlete and politician.  He was the surprise winner of the Men's 1500 metres at the 1952 Summer Olympics, and the only athlete representing Luxembourg to have won a gold medal at the Olympics.  Besides athletics, Barthel also led successful careers in both chemistry and politics.
Constantin von Monakow
Constantin von Monakow (4 November 1853 – 19 October 1930) was a Russian-Swiss neuropathologist who was a native of Bobretsovo in the Vologda Governorate.

He studied at the University of Zurich while working as an assistant at the Burghölzli Institute under the directorship of Eduard Hitzig (1839-1907). After graduation, he was an assistant at St. Pirminsberg, where he performed scientific investigations of cerebral anatomy. In 1885 he returned to Zurich, where he later became director of the brain anatomy institute. In 1917 he founded the journal Schweizer Archiv für Neurologie und Psychiatrie (Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry), and was its editor-in-chief until his death. He died in Zurich in 1930.

Vologda Governorate
Vologda Governorate (Russian: Вологодская губерния, romanized: Vologodskaya guberniya), also known as the Government of Vologda, was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 until 1929. Its administrative center was in the city of Vologda.

The area of the governorate is currently split between Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Kirov, and Kostroma Oblasts, and the Komi Republic.

Vologda Governorate was officially created in 1796 from the disbanded Vologda Viceroyalty (namestnichestvo) which was split between Arkhangelsk Viceroyalty and Vologda Viceroyalty just before the new administrative reform.
Verweij
Verweij or Verwey is a Dutch toponymic surname. It is a contraction of "van der Weij" (modern Dutch: van de weide), meaning "from the meadow". Notable people with the surname include:

Verweij

Ben Verweij (1895–1951), Dutch footballer

Bull Verweij (1909–2010), Dutch businessman

Geoffrey Verweij (born 1982), Dutch footballer

Johan Verweij (born 1950s), New Zealand footballer

Koen Verweij (born 1990), Dutch speed skater

Michiel Verweij (born 1964), Dutch classical scholar and historian

Verwey

Albert Verwey (1865–1937), Dutch poet

Alvaro Verwey (born 1999), Surinamese football forward

Bobby Verwey (born 1941), South African golfer

Evert Verwey (1905–1981), Dutch physical chemist

John Verwey (born 1957), Canadian darts player

Kees Verwey (1900–1995), Dutch painter

Roland Verwey (born 1981), German ice hockey player

Tobias Verwey (born 1981), Namibian cricketer

Alvaro Verwey
Alvaro Verwey (born 12 January 1999) is a Surinamese footballer who previously played for WBC of the SVB Topklasse. He is the first native-born Surinamese youth player to sign for a European club directly from Suriname.
Dark Visions Trilogy
Dark Visions is a trilogy of young adult fiction by L. J. Smith written in the mid-1990s.  The story follows the protagonist, Kaitlyn Fairchild, as she attends, uncovers a plot, and ultimately defeats the Zetes Institute, a place where she went to learn about her own psychic powers.  Kaitlyn and the four other psychics at the live-in Zetes Institute are the most powerful psychics in the country in their age group.  They come from all areas of the U.S. and become best of friends.

The trilogy was published as one book in Trade Paperback and eBook format on September 8, 2009.

In October 2010, L.J. Smith announced that she has planned out a sequel to the trilogy, titled Blindsight.

Pilot experiment
A pilot experiment, pilot study, pilot test or pilot project is a small-scale preliminary study conducted to evaluate feasibility, duration, cost, adverse events, and improve upon the study design prior to performance of a full-scale research project.
Fredrik Torp
Fredrik Adrian Svenning Torp (24 May 1937 – 26 July 2023) was a Norwegian architect.

Torp took his degree at the Norwegian Institute of Technology in 1961, and in 1965 he established the company Telje-Torp-Aasen Arkitektkontor together with Are Telje and Knut Aasen. Among their works are the new University Library of Oslo (1999) and the Oslo police headquarters (1978).

Torp died on 26 July 2023, at the age of 86.

University of Oslo Library
The University of Oslo Library (Norwegian: Universitetsbiblioteket i Oslo, UBO) is a library connected to the University of Oslo.

Like the university, it was established in 1811 with Georg Sverdrup as the first head librarian. It originally doubled as the Norwegian national library, and was located at the old University of Oslo campus.

In 1913 the current library building in Henrik Ibsens gate was completed. Head librarian at the time, from 1876 to 1922, was Axel Drolsum.

In 1989 the institution National Library of Norway was established. It finally took over the national library tasks from the University Library in 1998, allowing the latter to concentrate on university matters. The same year, the University Library left the building in Henrik Ibsens gate for the newly constructed Georg Sverdrup's House, located at the modern University of Oslo campus at Blindern.
Luiza Ganieva
Luiza Ganieva (born 11 November 1995) is an Uzbekistani rhythmic gymnast. She competed in the group rhythmic gymnastics competition at the 2016 Summer Olympics, where the team was eliminated in the qualification round.

Gymnastics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's rhythmic group all-around
The women's rhythmic group all-around competition at the 2016 Summer Olympics was held at the Rio Olympic Arena.

The medals were presented by Alex Gilady, IOC member, Israel, and the flowers presented by Slava Corn, Vice President of the FIG, Canada.
Algeria at the Africa Cup of Nations
Algeria have appeared in the finals of the Africa Cup of Nations on twenty occasions. The side's first participation was in 1968 in Ethiopia. Algeria has won the cup twice: the first time was when they hosted the tournament in 1990, and they won a second title in the 2019 edition, held in Egypt. Algeria also finished second in the 1980 edition, held in Nigeria, and third in the 1984 and 1988 editions, held in Ivory Coast and Morocco respectively.

1990 African Cup of Nations
The 1990 African Cup of Nations was the 17th edition of the Africa Cup of Nations, the football championship of Africa (CAF). It was hosted by Algeria. Just like in 1988, the field of eight teams was split into two groups of four. Algeria won its first championship, beating Nigeria in the final 1–0.
Interference (communication)
In telecommunications, an interference is that which modifies a signal in a disruptive manner, as it travels along a communication channel between its source and receiver. The term is often used to refer to the addition of unwanted signals to a useful signal. Common examples include:

Electromagnetic interference (EMI)

Co-channel interference (CCI), also known as crosstalk

Adjacent-channel interference (ACI)

Intersymbol interference (ISI)

Inter-carrier interference (ICI), caused by doppler shift in OFDM modulation (multitone modulation).

Common-mode interference (CMI)

Conducted interference

Noise is a form of interference but not all interference is noise.

Radio resource management aims at reducing and controlling the co-channel and adjacent-channel interference.

Intersymbol interference
In telecommunications, intersymbol interference (ISI) is a form of distortion of a signal in which one symbol interferes with subsequent symbols. This is an unwanted phenomenon as the previous symbols have a similar effect as noise, thus making the communication less reliable. The spreading of the pulse beyond its allotted time interval causes it to interfere with neighboring pulses. ISI is usually caused by multipath propagation or the inherent linear or non-linear frequency response of a communication channel causing successive symbols to blur together.

The presence of ISI in the system introduces errors in the decision device at the receiver output. Therefore, in the design of the transmitting and receiving filters, the objective is to minimize the effects of ISI, and thereby deliver the digital data to its destination with the smallest error rate possible.

Ways to alleviate intersymbol interference include adaptive equalization and error correcting codes.
Vladimirovka, Jewish Autonomous Oblast
Vladimirovka (Russian: Владимировка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Smidovichsky District, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia. Population:  31 (2010 census); 25 (2002 census);  There are 4 streets in this selo.

Smidovichsky District
Smidovichsky District (Russian: Смидо́вичский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the five in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the autonomous oblast and borders Khabarovsk Krai (via the Tunguska River) in the north and east, China (via the Amur River) in the south, and Birobidzhansky District in the west. The area of the district is 5,900 square kilometers (2,300 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a settlement) of Smidovich. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 28,165, with the population of Smidovich accounting for 18.2% of that number.
Uli Maurer
Uli Maurer (born January 19, 1985) is a German professional ice hockey forward who currently plays for SC Riessersee of the Oberliga (Ger.3). He previously played with the Schwenninger Wild Wings on a two-year contract on April 27, 2016, freshly off claiming the German championship in the 2015–16 season with EHC München.

Schwenninger Wild Wings
The Schwenninger Wild Wings are a professional German ice hockey team from Villingen-Schwenningen in Baden-Wuerttemberg that was founded on 20 July 1904 and currently plays in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). The greatest success of the association was to reach the play-off semi-finals of the first Bundesliga in 1990.  In 1994 the Wild Wings were a founding member of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga.

The Wild Wings play their home games in Helios Arena, a 6,193-seater stadium, and the club's colors are blue and white. The home club of the team is the Schwenningen ice and roller sports club 04 eV (german: Schwenninger Eis- und Rollsportclub 04 eV), which also competes in a junior and senior division and owns a figure skating and inline hockey department. Among the most famous players to have played at Schweninngen include the former captain of the German national ice hockey team Marcel Goc, the Seidenberg brothers, Dennis and Yannic, and former DEL record player Andreas Renz.
Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (abbreviated as UTAR; simplified Chinese: 拉曼大学; traditional Chinese: 拉曼大學) is a not-for-profit private research university in Malaysia. UTAR ranked among top 100 in the Times Higher Education Asia University Rankings 2018 and top 600 in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2021, placing it 2nd overall in Malaysia only after University of Malaya. UTAR also ranked 31st in UI GreenMetric Ranking Top 50 Under 50 2022, and 3rd in Malaysia for Nature Index Institution Research Output.

UTAR was established in June 2002 through the UTAR Education Foundation, a non-for-profit organisation. A total of 411 students were enrolled in June 2002 for its first intake.

The university has two campuses, the award-winning Kampar campus in the state of Perak while the other one is in Sungai Long located within the Klang Valley in the state of Selangor.

Petaling Jaya
Petaling Jaya (Malaysian pronunciation: [pətaliŋ d͡ʒaja] ⓘ), colloquially referred to as "PJ", is a city in Petaling District, in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Originally developed as a satellite township for Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia, it is part of the Greater Kuala Lumpur area. Petaling Jaya was granted city status on 20 June 2006. It has an area of approximately 97.2 square kilometres (37.5 sq mi).

Petaling Jaya is surrounded by Kuala Lumpur to the east, Sungai Buloh to the north, Shah Alam, the capital of Selangor, and Subang Jaya to the west, and Bandar Kinrara (Puchong) to the south.