hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kizilburun shipwreck
The Kizilburun shipwreck (meaning Crimson Cape) is an ancient Roman shipwreck in the Aegean that was discovered in 1993 by Dr. Cemal Pulak. The wreck itself is located just off the western coast of Turkey, near the island of Chios and the city of Çeşme.  The coordinates of the wreck are 38.26075°N 26.24256°E. The ship itself was a Navis Lapidera, or Roman stone carrying ship.  The wreck was found at a depth of 45–48 meters or around 150 feet.

Shipwreck
A shipwreck is the wreckage of a ship that is either beached on land or sunken to the bottom of a body of water. It results from the event of shipwrecking, which may be intentional or unintentional. There were approximately three million shipwrecks worldwide as of January 1999, according to Angela Croome, a science writer and author who specialized in the history of underwater archaeology  (an estimate rapidly endorsed by UNESCO and other organizations).
When a ship's crew has died or abandoned the ship, and the ship has remained adrift but unsunk, they are instead referred to as ghost ships.
Paya (food)
Paya is a traditional food from South Asia. It is served at various festivals and gatherings, or made for special guests. Paya means 'leg'/'feet' in the Hindi and Urdu languages. The main ingredients of the dish are the trotters (hooves) of a cow, goat, buffalo, or sheep, cooked with various spices.

Hoof
The hoof (pl.: hooves or hoofs) is the tip of a toe of an ungulate mammal, which is covered and strengthened with a thick and horny keratin covering.

Hooves are present in some even-toed and odd-toed placental mammals, as well as in some nonmammalians.

Artiodactyls (Ancient Greek: ἄρτιος : ártios "even", and δάκτυλος : dáktulos "toe") are even-toed ungulates, species whose feet have an even number of digits; the ruminants with two digits are the most numerous, e.g. giraffe, deer, bison, cattle, goats, gazelles, pigs, and sheep.

The feet of perissodactyl (Ancient Greek: περισσός : perissós : uneven", and δάκτυλος : dáktulos "toe") mammals have an odd number of toes, e.g. the horse, the rhinoceros, and the tapir.

Although hooves are limb structures primarily found in placental mammals, hadrosaurs such as Edmontosaurus possessed hoofed hindlimbs. The marsupial Chaeropus also had hooves.
Woy Woy Shire
The Shire of Woy Woy was a local government area on the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia, centred on the town of Woy Woy. The shire was proclaimed on 1 August 1928 as a result of the proclamation of the separation of the D Riding of Erina Shire and had its council seat at Woy Woy, but covered the majority of the Woy Woy peninsula including Woy Woy Bay, Umina, Blackwall, Kariong, Pearl Beach, and Patonga. Woy Woy Shire was abolished on 1 January 1947 with the reorganisation of local government in the Central Coast region following the end of the Second World War, with the council area amalgamated into Gosford Shire.

Blackwall, New South Wales
Blackwall is a suburb of the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia, south of Woy Woy on Brisbane Water, 81 kilometres (50 mi) north of Sydney. It is part of the Central Coast Council local government area.

The suburb includes a boat ramp and a bushland recreation reserve, Kitchener Reserve, offering walk trails and views from Blackwall Mountain. The section of the suburb east of Kitchener Park is locally known as Orange Grove.

Blackwall was, between 1862 and 1913, the site of the Rock Davis shipyard, and over 120 wooden-hulled vessels were built there. Among the best known were the fast Sydney Harbour ferry, Vaucluse, built in 1905, Queen Bee, a small 'sixty-miler' built in 1907, and the small twin-screw coastal steamer, Belbowrie, built in 1911. The last vessel built there was the ferry, Woollahra.

The naming of Blackwall is credited to Rock Davis, who named it after Blackwall, London, which was also a centre of shipbuilding.
Seilkopf Peaks
Seilkopf Peaks (German: Seilkopfberge) is a group of mainly ice-free peaks and ridges between Portalen Pass and Nalegga Ridge in the Borg Massif, Queen Maud Land. The feature was photographed from the air by the German Antarctic Expedition (1938–39) and named for Heinrich Seilkopf, head of the marine aerology section of the Deutsche Seewarte (German Hydrographic Office) in Hamburg. Although rudely mapped by German Antarctic Expedition, the Seilkopf Peaks are clearly shown and identified in air photos published by the expedition. The peaks were mapped in detail by the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52).

Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency
The Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency of Germany (German: Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie, BSH) is a German federal authority based in Hamburg and Rostock. With some 800 employees, the agency's tasks include maritime safety, hydrographic survey, maritime pollution monitoring, and approvals of offshore installations.
St Alban's Church, Warrington
St Alban's Church is in Bewsey Street near to the centre of the town of Warrington, Cheshire, England.  It is an active Roman Catholic church in the Archdiocese of Liverpool.  The church forms part of the parish of Sacred Heart and Saint Alban.  The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

Archdiocese of Liverpool
The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Liverpool (Latin: Archidioecesis Metropolitae Liverpolitana) is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church that covers the Isle of Man and part of North West England. The episcopal see is Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral. The archdiocese is the centre of the Ecclesiastical Province of Liverpool which covers the north of England as well as the Isle of Man.
Queen's Park station
Queen's Park station can refer to:

Queen's Park station (England), a station on the London Underground's Bakerloo line and the Watford DC line

Queens Park railway station (Scotland), a station in Glasgow

Queen's Park station (Toronto), a subway station in Toronto, Canada

Queens Park railway station, Perth

Queen's Park station (England)
Queen's Park is an interchange station in London. It is on the Bakerloo line of the London Underground and the Lioness line of the London Overground. On the Bakerloo line, the station is between Kensal Green and Kilburn Park stations. On the Lioness line, it is between Kensal Green and Kilburn High Road stations.

The station lies at the southern end of Salusbury Road, near the south-east corner of the public park from which the area now known as Queen's Park has taken its modern name. It is in London fare zone 2.
Prism adaptation
Prism adaptation is a sensory-motor adaptation that occurs after the visual field has been artificially shifted laterally or vertically. It was first introduced by Hermann von Helmholtz in late 19th-century Germany as supportive evidence for his perceptual learning theory. Since its discovery, prism adaptation has been suggested to improve spatial deficits in patients with unilateral neglect.

Perceptual learning
Perceptual learning is the learning of perception skills, such as differentiating two musical tones from one another or categorizations of spatial and temporal patterns relevant to real-world expertise. Examples of this may include reading, seeing relations among chess pieces, and knowing whether or not an X-ray image shows a tumor.

Sensory modalities may include visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, and taste. Perceptual learning forms important foundations of complex cognitive processes (i.e., language) and interacts with other kinds of learning to produce perceptual expertise. Underlying perceptual learning are changes in the neural circuitry. The ability for perceptual learning is retained throughout life.
Begumpur Mosque
The Begumpur Mosque or Begumpur Masjid, also known as the Jam'i Masjid of Jahanpanah, is a former Friday mosque, now in partial ruins, located in an urban village called Begumpur, which now bears its modern name, Jahanpanah. The former mosque was built in the centre of the sultanate capital of the Tughluq dynasty, in c. 1343 CE. The former mosque is large, measuring 94 by 90 metres (307 by 295 ft).

The former mosque is a Monument of National Importance, administered by the Archaeological Survey of India in order to restore the monument.

Mihrab
Mihrab (Arabic: محراب, miḥrāb, pl. محاريب maḥārīb) is a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the qibla, the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca towards which Muslims should face when praying. The wall in which a mihrab appears is thus the "qibla wall".

The minbar, which is the raised platform from which an imam (leader of prayer) addresses the congregation, is located to the right of the mihrab.
Vibrio harveyi
Vibrio harveyi is a Gram-negative, bioluminescent, marine bacterium in the genus Vibrio.  V. harveyi is rod-shaped, motile (via polar flagella), facultatively anaerobic, halophilic, and competent for both fermentative and respiratory metabolism.  It does not grow below 4 °C ( optimum growth: 30° to  35 °C).  V. harveyi can be found free-swimming in tropical marine waters, commensally in the gut microflora of marine animals, and as both a primary and opportunistic pathogen of marine animals, including Gorgonian corals, oysters, prawns, lobsters, the common snook, barramundi, turbot, milkfish, and seahorses.  It is responsible for luminous vibriosis, a disease that affects commercially farmed penaeid prawns.  Additionally, based on samples taken by ocean-going ships, V. harveyi is thought to be the cause of the milky seas effect, in which, during the night, a uniform blue glow is emitted from the seawater. Some glows can cover nearly 6,000 sq mi (16,000 km2).

Lobster
Lobsters are malacostracan decapod crustaceans of the family Nephropidae or its synonym Homaridae. They have long bodies with muscular tails and live in crevices or burrows on the sea floor. Three of their five pairs of legs have claws, including the first pair, which are usually much larger than the others. Highly prized as seafood, lobsters are economically important and are often one of the most profitable commodities in the coastal areas they populate.

Commercially important species include two species of Homarus from the northern Atlantic Ocean and scampi (which look more like a shrimp, or a "mini lobster")—the Northern Hemisphere genus Nephrops and the Southern Hemisphere genus Metanephrops.
Clara Elizabeth Fanning
Clara Elizabeth Fanning (October 11, 1878 – October 8, 1938) was an American editor and compiler from New Hampshire. She moved to Minnesota as a child and graduated from the University of Minnesota. Fanning served as editor of two journals, and she compiled a number of reference works on topics such as direct primaries, capital punishment, conservation, and the election of United States senators. She was a member of several professional and civic organizations, including Kappa Alpha Theta and the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR). Fanning was also affiliated with the Minneapolis Public Library.

Minneapolis Central Library
The Minneapolis Central Library is a public library located in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota. It is the largest library in the Hennepin County Library system. It bills itself as having "the third largest per capita public library collection of any major city in America with a collection of more than 2.4 million items—including books, DVDs, music, government documents." The 353,000-square-foot (32,800 m2) building at 300 Nicollet Mall with two levels of underground parking was designed by César Pelli and opened on May 20, 2006. It has over 300 computers for use by the public, an 8,140-square-foot (756 m2) atrium, an 18,560-square-foot (1,724 m2) green roof planted with low-growing ground cover designed to "be sun- and drought-resistant", and a host of energy-efficiency measures.
Bruce Cochran
Bruce Cochran (1 December 1919 – 24 January 1984) was a Canadian businessman, publisher, and  politician. He represented the electoral district of Lunenburg Centre in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1974 to 1983. He was a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia.

Lunenburg (provincial electoral district)
Lunenburg is a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. From 1867 to 1956, the district included all of Lunenburg County. In 1956, the district was abolished into Lunenburg Centre, Lunenburg East and Lunenburg West. The riding was re-created in 1993 with nearly identical boundaries to Lunenburg Centre, except it lost the area west of the LaHave River (except New Germany) to Lunenburg West. The district also lost the Tancook Islands to Chester-St. Margaret's.

The riding includes the towns of Lunenburg and Mahone Bay.
Ronnie Morris (rugby union)
Ronald Rhys Morris (13 June 1913 – February 1983) was a Welsh rugby player. He was a member of the Bristol Rugby Football Club from 1933 to 1937 and played for Swansea and Wales.

Morris was born in Carmarthen. He played outside-half and was capped twice, both times against Scotland, making his debut in the 1933 Home Nations Championship loss to the Scots and concluding his international career with a second loss in the corresponding fixture of the 1937 Home Nations Championship. He died in Westbury-on-Trym, England.

Westbury-on-Trym
Westbury-on-Trym (sometimes written without hyphenation) is a suburb in the north of the City of Bristol, near the suburbs of Stoke Bishop, Westbury Park, Henleaze, Southmead and Henbury, in the southwest of England.

The place is partly named after the River Trym, which flows through it.

For elections to Bristol City Council, the area is part of Westbury-on-Trym and Henleaze electoral ward. From 1974 to 2016, Westbury-on-Trym was itself an electoral ward, initially electing 3 members to Bristol City Council and 1 member to Avon County Council, and later electing 2 members to the city council after ward boundary changes in 1999.
Margaret Mitchelson
Margaret Mitchelson (fl. 1638 ) was a Scottish prophet. Her father may have been the East Lothian minister of Yester, James Mitchelson.

She came to notice in September 1638 when she claimed that she knew that the National Covenant would triumph over the King's Covenant. She had the support of Henry Rollock minister of Trinity College parish in Edinburgh and the leading covenenter Archibald Johnston of Wariston. She would attract huge crowds who would come to hear and to watch as she underwent fits. It was said that her words were taken down in shorthand and distributed to the crowd.

None of her prophesies appear to have been published. She is not recorded after 1638 but she is credited with improving the morale of the covenanters.

Trinity College Kirk
Trinity College Kirk was a royal collegiate church in Edinburgh, Scotland. The kirk and its adjacent almshouse, Trinity Hospital, were founded in 1460 by Mary of Guelders in memory of her husband, King James II who had been killed at the siege of Roxburgh Castle that year. Queen Mary was interred in the church, until her coffin was moved to Holyrood Abbey in 1848.

The original church design was never completed. Only the apse, choir (with aisles) and transepts were completed.

The church was located in the valley between the Old Town and Calton Hill, but was systematically dismantled in 1848 due to the construction of Waverley Station on its site. Although its stones were numbered in anticipation of rebuilding and were stored in a yard on Calton Hill, by 1872, when a replacement church was built on the newly formed Jeffrey Street, only a third were left which were used to construct a version of the choir and apse which was the hall of the new church.
John Willsteed
John Willsteed is an Australian musician and sound designer. As a musician, he is best known as a member of the Brisbane band The Go-Betweens, in which he played bass guitar from 1987 to 1989, most notably on the album 16 Lovers Lane. As a sound designer he won Australian Film Institute awards for his work on The Beat Manifesto (1996), Vietnam Nurses (2005, as composer) and Rare Chicken Rescue (2008).  He is an adjunct senior lecturer in Music at Queensland University of Technology.

State Library of Queensland
State Library of Queensland (State Library) is the state public reference and research library of Queensland, Australia, operated by the state government. The Library is governed by the Library Board of Queensland, which  draws its powers from the Libraries Act 1988. State Library is responsible for collecting and preserving a comprehensive collection of Queensland's cultural and documentary heritage, providing free access to information for all Queenslanders and for the advancement of public libraries across the state. The Library is at Kurilpa Point, within the Queensland Cultural Centre on the Brisbane River at South Bank.
Jana Černá
Jana Černá (14 August 1928 – 5 January 1981), born Jana Krejcarová, called "Honza", was a Czech poet, writer, and editor of samizdat editions in Czechoslovakia. She was a daughter of the journalist Milena Jesenská (1896-1944) and architect Jaromír Krejcar (1895-1950). After the communist coup d'état of 1948 she started publishing with her friends Egon Bondy, Ivo Vodseďálek and others in a secret underground edition Půlnoc. She was married 4 times and had 5 children. Černá died at the age of 52 in a car accident.

Samizdat
Samizdat (Russian: самиздат, pronounced [səmɨzˈdat], lit. 'self-publishing') was a form of dissident activity across the Eastern Bloc in which individuals reproduced censored and underground makeshift publications, often by hand, and passed the documents from reader to reader. The practice of manual reproduction was widespread, because printed texts could be traced back to the source. This was a grassroots practice used to evade official Soviet censorship.
Ligilactobacillus animalis
Ligilactobacillus animalis is a non-motile, homofermentative species in the Gram-positive genus Ligilactobacillus, initially isolated from the dental plaque of primates and intestinal samples of a dog and mouse. L. animalis has optimal growth at 37 °C on MRS agar, making this species mesophilic. The first reported isolates could ferment cellobiose, fructose, glucose, lactose, maltose, melibiose, raffinose, and salicin, but not xylose. The genome size of the type strain is 1.89 Mbp and the G/C content is 41.1%.

Mesophile
A mesophile is an organism that grows best in moderate temperature, neither too hot nor too cold, with an optimum growth range from 20 to 45 °C (68 to 113 °F). The optimum growth temperature for these organisms is 37 °C (about 99 °F). The term is mainly applied to microorganisms.  Organisms that prefer extreme environments are known as extremophiles. Mesophiles have diverse classifications, belonging to two domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and to kingdom Fungi of domain Eukarya.  Mesophiles belonging to the domain Bacteria can either be gram-positive or gram-negative. Oxygen requirements for mesophiles can be aerobic or anaerobic. There are three basic shapes of mesophiles: coccus, bacillus, and spiral.
Wilhelm Kaisen
Carl Wilhelm Kaisen (22 May 1887 – 19 December 1979) was a German politician from the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) who served as the 2nd President of the Senate and Mayor of Bremen from 1945 to 1965. In 1958/59 he served as the 10th President of the Bundesrat. He became a symbolic figure of the German reconstruction in Bremen after 1945.

Bremerhaven
Bremerhaven (German pronunciation: [ˌbʁeːmɐˈhaːfn̩] ⓘ; Low German: Bremerhoben) is a city on the east bank of the Weser estuary in northern Germany. It forms an exclave of the city-state of Bremen. The River Geeste flows through the city before emptying into the Weser.

Bremerhaven was founded in 1827 as a seaport for Bremen, and it remains one of the busiest ports in the country. It was historically rivalled by Geestemünde [de] on the opposite side of the Geeste, which belonged to Hanover (and later Prussia). Geestemünde united with neighbouring Lehe [de] to form the city of Wesermünde [de] in 1924, and Bremerhaven was itself annexed to Wesermünde in 1939, but the entire conurbation was restored to Bremen in 1947.
Omkar Nath Koul
Omkar Nath Koul (7 January 1934 – 4 May 2018) was a Kashmiri linguist. As a researcher, his interests included the areas of linguistics, language education, communications management, and comparative literature. Since the 1970s he has held several academic and administrative positions. In particular, he had been a professor at the LBS National Academy of Administration, Mussoorie, India, and a professor at the Central Institute of Indian Languages, Mysore, India. Koul also served as the director of the Central Institute of Indian Languages from 1999 to 2000.Koul died on 4th May 2018 due to a prolonged illness

Language education
Language education refers to the processes and practices of teaching a second or foreign language. Its study reflects interdisciplinary approaches, usually including some applied linguistics. There are four main learning categories for language education: communicative competencies, proficiencies, cross-cultural experiences, and multiple literacies.
John Willard (Australian politician)
John Willard (1857 − after 1898) was an English-born Australian politician.

He was born at St Leonards-on-Sea, and began work as a whitesmith at the age of fourteen. Eventually an engineer, he became manager of an ironworks at Newcastle-on-Tyne. In October 1879 he married Jessie Jane Brewer. Migrating to Queensland in 1883, he established his own business and became closely involved in the labour movement, also serving on Brisbane City Council. He moved to Sydney in 1893 and in July of the following year was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Labor member for Tweed. The Electoral and Qualifications Committee, however, ruled that Willard's claimed move did not amount to residence in the state of New South Wales, and he was unseated in November 1894. Little is known of his life after leaving politics (although he did re-emerge in 1898 as an independent free trade candidate for Richmond), and his date of death is not known.

St Leonards-on-Sea
St Leonards-on-Sea (commonly known as St Leonards) is a town and seaside resort in the borough of Hastings in East Sussex, England. It has been part of the borough since the late 19th century and lies to the west of central Hastings. The original part of the settlement was laid out in the early 19th century as a new town: a place of elegant houses designed for the well-off; it also included a central public garden, a hotel, an archery, assembly rooms and a church. Today's St Leonards has extended well beyond that original design, although the original town still exists within it.