hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giuseppe Zara
Giuseppe Zara (Fermo, 1856 – Sanremo, 1915) was an Italian inventor. He was a member of the Società Italiana per le Strade Ferrate Meridionali, and the director of Ferrovie dello Stato from 1905.

He graduated at the Technical Institute of Fermo in 1875, and started working as a repairing operator in Rimini, he was later sent to Florence where he worked as a designer.

In the emergency of having faster and cheaper trains, he invented a simple bissel truck system to replace Mogul 130 in steam locomotives
( « Carrello Italiano ») which was used  from 1907 to 1930 not only in Italian train companies, but also in others like the Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans in France.

Sanremo
Sanremo, also spelled San Remo in English and formerly in Italian, is a comune (municipality) on the Mediterranean coast of Liguria, in northwestern Italy. Founded in Roman times, it has a population of about 53,000, and is known as a tourist destination on the Italian Riviera. It hosts numerous cultural events, such as the Sanremo Music Festival and the Milan–San Remo cycling classic. Italo Calvino, the most significant figure of 20th century Italian literature, spent his formative years here.
Coker Arboretum
Coker Arboretum (5.3 acres) is an arboretum within the North Carolina Botanical Garden on the campus of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The collection consists of a wide variety of plantings including flowering trees and shrubs as well as bulb and perennial displays. It is open daily without charge.

The arboretum was established in 1903 by Dr. William Chambers Coker, the university's first Professor of Botany and the first chair of the University Buildings and Grounds Committee. Coker loved East Asian species and added many throughout the 1920s into the 1940s, including conifers and one Metasequoia, as well as daffodils and daylilies. Two prominent features are a native vine arbor (300 feet long) and an adjacent stone circle.

Bulb
In botany, a bulb is a short underground stem with fleshy leaves or leaf bases that function as food storage organs during dormancy. In gardening, plants with other kinds of storage organ are also called ornamental bulbous plants or just bulbs.
Tacinga
Tacinga is a genus in the cactus family Cactaceae, native to northeast Brazil (from northeast Minas Gerais to southern Rio Grande do Norte, including Bahia, Sergipe, Alagoas, Pernambuco and Paraíba). Once thought to be monotypic, the genus now comprises 10 species and 3 hybrids.

Sergipe
Sergipe (English: /ˌsɛərˈʒiːpi/, sair-ZHEE-pee ⓘ; Brazilian Portuguese: [sɛʁˈʒipi] ⓘ), officially the State of Sergipe, is a state of Brazil. Located in the Northeast Region along the Atlantic coast of the country, Sergipe is the smallest state in Brazil by geographical area at 21,910 square kilometres (8,460 mi2), larger only than the Federal District. Sergipe borders Bahia to the south and west and Alagoas to the north. Aracaju is the capital and the largest city in the state; the state is divided into 75 municipalities. The state has 1.1% of the Brazilian population and produces 0.6% of the Brazilian GDP.
2012–13 Central Connecticut Blue Devils men's basketball team
The 2012–13 Central Connecticut Blue Devils men's basketball team represented Central Connecticut State University during the 2012–13 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Blue Devils, led by 17th year head coach Howie Dickenman, played their home games at the William H. Detrick Gymnasium and were members of the Northeast Conference. They finished the season 13–17, 9–9 in NEC play to finish in seventh place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Northeast Conference Basketball tournament to Wagner.

2013 Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2013 Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament was held on March 6, 9, and 12, 2013. The tournament featured the league's top eight seeds. The tourney opened on Wednesday, March 6 with the quarterfinals, followed by the semifinals on Saturday, March 9 and the finals on Tuesday, March 12. LIU Brooklyn won the championship, its fifth, and received the conferences automatic bid to the 2013 NCAA tournament. This is LIU's third NEC tournament championship in a row, having won it the previous two years, they are the first NEC team to three-peat.
Lourdes Goicoechea
Lourdes Goicoechea Zubelzu (born 1960) is a Navarrese politician, who served as First Vice President and Minister of Economy, Finance, Industry and Employment of Navarre from 2012 to 2015, as well as regional Minister of Rural Development, Industry, Employment and Environment from 2011 to 2012.

Government of Navarre
The Government of Navarre (Basque: Nafarroako Gobernua; Spanish: Gobierno de Navarra) is the regional institution that exercises the executive power of the Chartered Community of Navarre (Spain). It is led by the president of the Government of Navarre, and its powers are regulated in the Regional Statute (Amejoramiento) of 1982 in Chapter III Articles 23 to 28.
She's Love
"She's Love" is the third single by Australian band End of Fashion, taken from their debut album, End of Fashion. It was released on 27 February 2006 on EMI Music, peaking at No. 38 on the Australian Singles Charts.

The single is a remixed and remastered version of a song from the band's debut EP, Rough Diamonds. "She's Love", together with "Lock Up Your Daughters", featured on the 2006 video game Thrillville.

Thrillville
Thrillville is a simulation and strategy video game developed by Frontier Developments that depicts theme park management, similar to RollerCoaster Tycoon. Thrillville is available for PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable and, in North America, Xbox.

The original Xbox version of Thrillville was made backwards compatible on Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S on November 15, 2021.

The PlayStation Portable version of the game was made available on PlayStation Store for the PlayStation 4 and the PlayStation 5 on December 19, 2023.
Ḱ
Ḱ ḱ (K with acute accent) is used in the following sense:

transliteration of Cyrillic Kje (Ќ, ќ) that is used in Macedonian.

/k̠ʷ/ in the Saanich orthography

in the Santali Latin orthography

transliteration of the Kharosthi script

representing the Proto-Indo-European phoneme */kʲ/

Kharosthi
Kharosthi script (Gāndhārī: 𐨑𐨪𐨆𐨮𐨿𐨛𐨁𐨌 𐨫𐨁𐨤𐨁, romanized: kharoṣṭhī lipi), also known as the Gandhari script (𐨒𐨌𐨣𐨿𐨢𐨌𐨪𐨁𐨌 𐨫𐨁𐨤𐨁, gāndhārī lipi), was an ancient Indic script originally developed in the Gandhara Region of the north-western Indian subcontinent, between the 5th and 3rd century BCE. Primarily used by the people of Gandhara in various parts of South Asia and Central Asia, Kharosthi remained in use until it died out in its homeland around the 5th century CE. It was also in use in Bactria, the Kushan Empire, Sogdia, and along the Silk Road. There is some evidence it may have survived until the 7th century in Khotan and Niya, both cities in Tarim Basin.
Listening behaviour types
The different types of listening skills used in human communication include: However, in addition to the acoustic message, visual stimuli would also be processed, as well as information about the sound source and the social situation.

Active listening

Appreciative listening

Dialogic listening

Informative listening

Reflective listening

Workplace listening

Workplace listening
Workplace listening is a type of active listening that is generally employed in a professional environment. Listening skills are imperative for career success, organizational effectiveness, and worker satisfaction. Workplace listening includes understanding the listening process (i.e. perception, interpretation, evaluation, and action) and its barriers that hamper the flow of that process. Like other skills, there are specific techniques for improving workplace listening effectiveness. Moreover, it is imperative to become aware of the role of nonverbal communication in communicating in the workplace, as understanding messages wholly entails more than simple verbal messages.
Jimmy Wardhaugh
James Alexander Douglas Wardhaugh (21 March 1929 – 2 January 1978) was a professional footballer, who was part of the Terrible Trio Heart of Midlothian forward line of the 1950s, alongside Willie Bauld and Alfie Conn. He was also the club's record League goal-scorer for almost 40 years, until his tally of 206 was surpassed by John Robertson in 1997. Born in England, he made two appearances for the Scotland national team.

East Fife F.C.
East Fife Football Club is a semi-professional football club established in 1903 in Methil, Fife, Scotland. They are members of the Scottish Professional Football League and compete in Scottish League One, the third tier of the Scottish football league system.

The club were the first to win the Scottish League Cup three times and the first of only two sides from the second tier of the Scottish league system to win the Scottish Cup. This makes them the most successful club in Fife in terms of major honours won.

East Fife are one of four SPFL clubs based in Fife, but are the only one to bear the name of the area. The three others are Dunfermline Athletic, Kelty Hearts and the Kirkcaldy-based Raith Rovers (Cowdenbeath play in the Lowland Football League), all of whom have historically shared rivalries with East Fife.
Marko Hietala
Marko Tapani "Marco" Hietala (born 14 January 1966) is a Finnish heavy metal vocalist, bassist and songwriter. Internationally, he is best known as the former bassist, male vocalist and secondary composer to Tuomas Holopainen, of the symphonic metal band Nightwish. He is also the vocalist and bassist as well as composer and lyricist for the heavy metal band Tarot.

He is also a member of the supergroup Northern Kings, and portrayed one of the main characters in Ayreon's 2013 album The Theory of Everything.

Ayreon Universe – The Best of Ayreon Live
Ayreon Universe – The Best of Ayreon Live, alternatively known as Ayreon Universe – Best of Ayreon Live or simply Ayreon Universe, is a live album and DVD/Blu-ray by Arjen Anthony Lucassen's progressive rock/metal rock opera project Ayreon, released on 30 March 2018. Unlike Ayreon's first live album The Theater Equation, which was a stage performance of the album The Human Equation, Ayreon Universe was performed as a traditional concert, with two additional songs from Star One, another project by Lucassen. It was recorded during a series of concerts in September 2017, which were the first ever official Ayreon concerts, although The Theater Equation was released (but not performed) as an official Ayreon product.

The performance featured 16 singers, all of whom had previously worked together with Lucassen on his studio albums.
Bofors 37 mm anti-tank gun
The Bofors 37 mm anti-tank gun was an anti-tank gun designed by Swedish manufacturer Bofors in the early 1930s originally for Swedish use. It was exported to several countries during the 1930s of which several bought licences to produce it themselves. The gun was used in several conflicts but most of its fame comes from its use in the Spanish Civil War and the Winter War where it was used very successfully against light tanks and armored cars among other targets. Beyond its use as an infantry gun it was also used as the main armament in several armored cars and tanks such as the Dutch M39 Pantserwagen and the Polish 7TP to name a few. As the armor of tanks was increased during World War II the gun very quickly became obsolete as an anti-tank gun but was still used effectively as an infantry support gun for the entirety of the war, and well into the Cold War. This was due to its high fire rate, great mobility and effective high explosive shells.

Infantry support gun
Infantry support guns or battalion guns are artillery weapons designed and used to increase the firepower of the infantry units they are intrinsic to, offering immediate tactical response to the needs of the unit's commanding officer. They typically have short, low-velocity barrels, and light construction carriages, allowing them to be more easily manoeuvered on the battlefield. They are generally used for direct fire, rather than the indirect fire of other types of artillery. Their role has generally been replaced by tanks using tank guns, infantry fighting vehicles using autocannons, other combat vehicles, mortars, recoilless rifles, rocket-propelled grenades, and shoulder-launched missiles.
Cheryl Brown (educator)
Cheryl Lee Brown is a South African–New Zealand education academic who has worked in education in South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. She is a full professor at the University of Canterbury, specialising in the use of technology in education, digital literacy and access to technology.

British Journal of Educational Technology
The British Journal of Educational Technology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley on behalf of the British Educational Research Association. The journal covers developments in educational technology and articles cover the whole range of education and training, concentrating on the theory, applications, and development of educational technology and communications.
1903 Pittsburgh College football team
The 1903 Pittsburgh College football team was an American football team that represented Pittsburgh Catholic College of the Holy Ghost—now known as Duquesne University—during the 1903 college football season. T. A. Giblin served in his first and only season as the team's head coach.

1903 college football season
The 1903 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Michigan and Princeton as having been selected national champions.

The season took place during an era when college football was rapidly growing in popularity, with new concrete stadiums and large crowds, but also widespread concern over injuries and the violent style of play.
Midob people
The Midob people or Meidob are an ethnic group from the Meidob Hills region in Darfur, Sudan. They speak Midob, one of the Nubian languages (part of the larger family of Nilo-Saharan languages). The population of this ethnic group is estimated at 99,000.

Nubian languages
The Nubian languages are a language family spoken by Nubians in southern Egypt and northern Sudan. They are now concentrated mainly along the Nile and in several non-contiguous areas in Sudan, including parts of the Nuba Mountains and Darfur. Arabic–Nubian bilingualism is widespread, and language shift toward Arabic has been documented in a number of communities.

Nubian should not be confused with the various Nuba languages spoken in villages throughout the Nuba Mountains and parts of Darfur.

Reference works differ on Nubian's affiliation above the family level. Older classifications often placed Nubian within Nilo-Saharan (commonly under Eastern Sudanic). Glottolog treats Nubian as a primary family and notes that a conclusive external subgrouping has not been demonstrated.
Western Macedonian dialects
The Western Macedonian dialects are one of three groups of Macedonian. The group is located in the western and southwestern areas of North Macedonia and smaller parts in Mala Prespa and Golo Brdo, in Albania, and the Florina regional unit, in Greece. The group of Western Macedonian dialects is divided into two subgroups: the central group and the western and northwestern group.

Mala Prespa
Mala Prespa (Macedonian and Bulgarian: Мала Преспа, lit. 'Small Prespa') is a term used to denote a geographical area in eastern Albania, part of the wider region of Prespa. It is located on the western shore of Lake Prespa along the southeastern edge of Albania within the wider Korçë County and bordering the Pogradec and Devoll municipalities. The area is synonymous with Pustec Municipality.

It is officially recognised as a Macedonian minority zone. According to the 2011 Census, in Albania there are about 5,000 Macedonians, primarily in the Mala Prespa area, forming 97% of the population of the Pustec Municipality. This area also contains small numbers of Aromanians (Arvanito-Vlachs) and, according to Bulgarian sources, Bulgarians.
Khalifa bin Shakhbut Al Nahyan
Sheikh Khalifa bin Shakhbut Al Nahyan was the Ruler of Abu Dhabi, one of the Trucial States which today form the United Arab Emirates (UAE), from 1833 to 1845. His bloody accession led to the secession of the Al Bu Falasah and the establishment of the Maktoum dynasty in Dubai.

Khalifa was to establish the tribal confederation in Buraimi that enabled his successor, Saeed bin Tahnun, to cement Bani Yas primacy in the oasis.

Trucial States
The Trucial States, also known as the Trucial Coast, or the Trucial Sheikhdoms, or Trucial Oman, was a group of tribal confederations in southeastern Arabia south of the Persian Gulf whose leaders had signed protective treaties with the British Empire between 1820 and 1892.

The Trucial States remained an informal British protectorate until the treaties were revoked on 1 December 1971. The following day, six of the sheikhdoms—Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain and Fujairah—formed the United Arab Emirates; the seventh, Ras Al Khaimah, joined on 10 February 1972.
2019 Prosperita Open – Doubles
Attila Balázs and Gonçalo Oliveira were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Luca Margaroli and Filip Polášek won the title after defeating Thiemo de Bakker and Tallon Griekspoor 6–4, 2–6, [10–8] in the final.

Thiemo de Bakker
Thiemo Carsten Jannick de Bakker (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtimoː də ˈbɑkər]; born 19 September 1988) is a Dutch tennis coach and a former professional player. He has an ATP career-high ranking in singles of World No. 40 achieved on 19 July 2010.
Rafflesiales
Rafflesiales is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants. The name was first published  by Oliver in 1895. The Cronquist system used this name for an order placed in subclass Rosidae with the following circumscription (1981) :

order Rafflesiales
family Hydnoraceae
family Mitrastemonaceae
family Rafflesiaceae

The APG II system regards Rafflesiaceae as an unplaced family of three genera. Also unplaced is the genus Mitrastema. However, APG II does have a placement for family Hydnoraceae, in the order Piperales.

According to the 
AP-Website, recent research places Rafflesiaceae in order Malpighiales.

Piperales
Piperales is an order of flowering plants (4,170 recognized species). It necessarily includes the family Piperaceae but other taxa have been included or disincluded variously over time.  Well-known plants which may be included in this order include black pepper, kava, the many Peperomias, pepper elder, lizard's tail, birthwort, and wild ginger. The two perianthless families Piperaceae and Saururaceae are mainly herbaceous plants possessing highly reduced flowers.
Carver High School (Pascagoula, Mississippi)
Carver High School was a public secondary school in Pascagoula, Mississippi. It served as the high school for black students until the public schools were integrated in 1971. The building stayed dormant until 2012, when it was reopened as the Aaron Jones Interactive Center, named after a longtime coach at Carver.

Pascagoula, Mississippi
Pascagoula (/pæskəɡulə/ PASS-kuh-GOOL-uh) is a city in and the county seat of Jackson County, Mississippi, United States. It is the principal city of the Pascagoula metropolitan area, and is part of the Gulfport–Biloxi–Pascagoula combined statistical area and the Gulfport-Biloxi metropolitan area. Its population was 22,010 at the 2020 census, down from 22,392 at the 2010 census and 26,200 at the 2000 census.

The city is served by three airports: Mobile Regional Airport, 34 miles (55 km) to the northeast in Alabama; Gulfport-Biloxi International Airport, about 40 miles (64 km) west of Pascagoula; and the Trent Lott International Airport, 9 miles (14 km) to the north in Jackson County. Amtrak service also began serving the city when the Mardi Gras Service debuted on August 18, 2025.
Ivan Vujica
Ivan Vujica (Croatian pronunciation: [ǐʋan ʋûjitsa]; born 20 April 1997) is an Australian professional footballer who plays as a left-back. He has represented Croatia at youth level, being capped once for their under-19 side, and has represented Australia at youth level, being capped for their under-23 side.

Croatia national under-19 football team
The Croatia national under-19 football team represents Croatia in international football matches for players aged 19 or under. It is governed by the Croatian Football Federation, the governing body for football in Croatia. It is a member of UEFA in Europe and FIFA in global competitions. The team's colours reference two national symbols: the Croatian checkerboard and the country's tricolour. They are colloquially referred to as the Mladi vatreni ('Young Blazers'). So far, the Mladi vatreni have qualified for five UEFA European Under-19 Championships, namely in 1998, 2000, 2010, 2012 and 2016. Croatia won third place twice (1996 and 2010), its greatest success in the tournament so far.
Aiguebelette-le-Lac
Aiguebelette-le-Lac (French pronunciation: [ɛɡbəlɛt lə lak]; lit. 'Aiguebelette-the-Lake'; Arpitan: Égouabelèta), also simply known as Aiguebelette, is a rural commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Southeastern France. As of 2023, the population of the commune was 255. It is named after and lies on the southeastern shore of the Lac d'Aiguebelette, one of the largest natural lakes in the area. Le Port, north of the village of Aiguebelette-le-Lac and part of the commune, has a small lakeside marina, with a beach.

The commune also contains the Château d'Aiguebelette-le-Lac, a medieval structure (early 14th century) in a ruinous state, while the main church in the village centre, the Église Saint-André, dedicated to Saint Andrew, was restored in 1854.

Savoie
Savoie (French pronunciation: [savwa]; Arpitan: Savouè or Savouè-d'Avâl, lit. 'Lower Savoy'; Italian: Savoia; Occitan: Savòia; English: Savoy, /səˈvɔɪ/) is a department in the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Southeastern France. Located in the French Alps, its prefecture is Chambéry. In 2019, Savoie had a population of 436,434.

Together with Haute-Savoie, it is one of the two departments of the historical region of Savoy; the Duchy of Savoy was annexed by France in 1860, following the signing of the Treaty of Turin. The area is known for its numerous ski resorts and contribution to French cuisine, with culinary specialities such as fondue savoyarde, tartiflette, génépi, as well as various sorts of saucisson.
Joan Abse
Joan Abse (née Mercer; 11 September 1926 – 13 June 2005) was an English author and art historian. She was the wife of Welsh poet and physician Dannie Abse.

Joan Mercer was born in St Helens, Lancashire, on 11 September 1926. By age 17, she was a student at the London School of Economics (LSE), where she graduated in 1946 with a Bachelor of Science degree. Abse received a Master of Art degree in Art History in 1972 from Courtauld Institute of Art, London. She met her husband Dannie Abse while living in post-war London, and they married by 1951. They had three children.

She wrote many books, including John Ruskin: A Passionate Moralist. Richard Ellmann, who reviewed Abse’s book for The New York Times, wrote, "What especially animates Joan Abse's book is her keen interest in Ruskin's effort to blend his artistic and social sympathies."

Joan Abse died in a car accident in Bridgend, south Wales, on 13 June 2005.

Courtauld Institute of Art
The Courtauld Institute of Art (/ˈkɔːrtəʊld/) is a self-governing college of the University of London specialising in the study of the history of art and conservation.

The art collection is known particularly for its French Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings, and is housed in the Courtauld Gallery. The Courtauld is based in Somerset House, in the Strand in London. In 2019, the Courtauld's teaching and research activities temporarily relocated to Vernon Square, London, while its Somerset House site underwent a major regeneration project.