hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Copae
Copae or Kopai (Ancient Greek: Κῶπαι), or Copia or Copiae, was an ancient Greek city (polis) in Boeotia, on the northern shore of Lake Copais, which derived its name from this town. Copae was part of Thersander's kingdom and is mentioned by Homer in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad. It was a member of the Boeotian League. It was still in existence in the time of Pausanias, who mentions here the temples of Demeter, Dionysus and Sarapis.

Its site is located near the village of Kastro, formerly Topolia.

Catalogue of Ships
The Catalogue of Ships (Ancient Greek: νεῶν κατάλογος, neōn katálogos) is an epic catalogue in Book 2 of Homer's Iliad (2.494–759), which lists the contingents of the Achaean army that sailed to Troy. The catalogue gives the names of the leaders of each contingent, lists the settlements in the kingdom represented by the contingent, sometimes with a descriptive epithet that fills out a half-verse or articulates the flow of names and parentage and place, and gives the number of ships required to transport the men to Troy, offering further differentiations of weightiness. A similar, though shorter, Catalogue of the Trojans and their allies follows (2.816–877). A similar catalogue appears in the Pseudo-Apollodoran Bibliotheca.
Riva Lehrer
Riva Lehrer (born in 1958 in Cincinnati, Ohio) is an American painter, writer, teacher, and speaker. Lehrer was born with spina bifida and has undergone numerous surgeries throughout her life. Her work focuses on issues of physical identity and how bodies are viewed by society, especially in explorations of cultural depictions of disability. Lehrer is well known as both an artist and an activist in the field of Disability Culture.

Ragdale
Ragdale is the former summer retreat of Chicago architect Howard Van Doren Shaw, located in Lake Forest, Illinois. It is the home of the Ragdale Foundation, an artist residency program that hosts creators from a number of disciplines: nonfiction and fiction writers, composers, poets, play- and screenwriters, visual artists, choreographers, as well as those from interdisciplinary interests.
Tom Schuman
Thomas William Schuman  (born January 31, 1958) is an American jazz pianist, smooth jazz keyboardist and was the longtime co-leader, composer and arranger of 13 Grammy nominated contemporary jazz group, Spyro Gyra.  He has been the keyboardist for Spyro Gyra since he was 16 years old (before the release of their first album). He has performed on all of Spyro Gyra's albums to date and has written or co-written over sixty Spyro Gyra compositions since the album Catching the Sun (MCA, 1980). At the end of 2022, Schuman announced his resignation from Spyro Gyra, effective March 2023, in order to move to Europe.

Tom also produced 7 solo albums on his own label. He also built and engineers his own recording studio.

Keyboardist
A keyboardist or keyboard player is a musician who plays keyboard instruments. Until the early 1960s musicians who played keyboards were generally classified as either pianists or organists.  Since the mid-1960s, a plethora of new musical instruments with keyboards have come into common usage, such as synthesizers and digital piano, requiring a more general term for a person who plays them. In the 2010s, professional keyboardists in popular music often play a variety of different keyboard instruments, including piano, tonewheel organ, synthesizer, and clavinet. Some keyboardists may also play related instruments such as piano accordion, melodica, pedal keyboard, or keyboard-layout bass pedals.
Sober (BigBang song)
"Sober" (Korean: 맨정신) is a song recorded by South Korean boy band BigBang. It was released digitally on July 1, 2015 by YG Entertainment, as the third single from Made, being  included in the single album D. "Sober" was written by Teddy, G-Dragon and T.O.P, and was produced by the first two with Choice37.

YG Entertainment
YG Entertainment (Korean: YG 엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment agency established in 1996 by Yang Hyun-suk. The company operates as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management and concert production company, and music publishing house. In addition, the company operates a number of subsidiary ventures under a separate public traded company, YG Plus, which includes a clothing line, a golf management agency, and a cosmetics brand. However, despite various business expansions, most of the ventures were discontinued due to a lack of profitability.

Current artists include Eun Ji-won, Winner, Blackpink, Treasure, and Babymonster.

Former artists include Swi.T, Moogadang, Wheesung, 1TYM, Big Mama, Gummy, Seven, Nam Tae-hyun, 2NE1, Psy, Epik High, One, Lee Hi, Jinusean, Bang Yedam, Mashiho, iKon, Jisoo, Jennie, Rosé, Lisa, BigBang, Sechs Kies, and AKMU.
Withyham railway station
Withyham was a railway station on the Three Bridges to Tunbridge Wells Central Line which closed in 1967, a casualty of the Beeching Axe. The station opened on 1 October 1866 and the buildings were designed by Charles Henry Driver. The station building survived the closure and is now a private residence named the "Old Withyham Station"; much of the trackbed as far as Groombridge and Three Bridges are part of the Worth Way and Forest Way cyclepath/footpaths.

Charles Driver
Charles Henry Driver FRIBA (23 March 1832 – 27 October 1900) was a significant British architect of the Victorian era, with a reputation for pioneering use of ornamental iron work for which he was seen as a leading authority.
Niagara Region Wind Farm
The Niagara Region Wind Farm is a wind farm located in the Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario. The wind farms generates 230 MW of electricity and is the second largest wind farm in Ontario by installed capacity after Henvey Inlet Wind Power Project. It is co-owned by Boralex, Enercon, and the Six Nations of the Grand River Development Corporation.

Henvey Inlet 2
Henvey Inlet 2 is a First Nations reserve in Parry Sound District, Ontario, on the northeastern shore of Georgian Bay. It is one of two reserves of the Henvey Inlet First Nation.

The reserve is home to 87 Vestas wind turbines with a total capacity of 300 MW. Construction started in August 2017 and operation began in July 2019.
Mohammed Abu-Nimer
Mohammed Abu-Nimer is an American expert on conflict resolution and dialogue for peace.  He is a full professor at the American University School of International Service in International Peace and Conflict Resolution in Washington, DC, the largest school of international relations in the United States.

Conflict resolution
Conflict resolution is conceptualized as the methods and processes involved in facilitating the peaceful ending of conflict and retribution. Committed group members attempt to resolve group conflicts by actively communicating information about their conflicting motives or ideologies to the rest of group (e.g., intentions; reasons for holding certain beliefs) and by engaging in collective negotiation. Dimensions of resolution typically parallel the dimensions of conflict in the way the conflict is processed. Cognitive resolution is the way disputants understand and view the conflict, with beliefs, perspectives, understandings and attitudes. Emotional resolution is in the way disputants feel about a conflict, the emotional energy. Behavioral resolution is reflective of how the disputants act, their behavior. Ultimately a wide range of methods and procedures for addressing conflict exist, including negotiation, mediation, mediation-arbitration, diplomacy, and creative peacebuilding.
2024 Women's Premier Hockey League
The 2024 Women's Premier Hockey League was the second season of New Zealand's national league. The tournament was held across nine cities of New Zealand, culminating with finals at the North Harbour Hockey Centre in Auckland. Competition commenced on 2 November, culminating with finals matches on 7 December.

Central Falcons won their second title, defeating the Northern Tridents 5–1 in the final.

Following a four-year hiatus, the league returned under new private ownership.

New Zealand Premier Hockey League
The Premier Hockey League an annual field hockey competition. The league serves as New Zealand's premier domestic hockey league, helping unearth future talent for selection to the country's national teams; the Vantage Black Sticks.

The Central Falcons were the inaugural tournament champions in both the men's and women's editions, taking out the 2020 titles.
Maryland Route 145
Maryland Route 145 (MD 145) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland.  The state highway runs 10.34 miles (16.64 km) from MD 45 in Cockeysville east to MD 165 near Baldwin.  MD 145 connects the north-central and eastern portions of Baltimore County via Jacksonville.  The first section of the highway was built from Loch Raven Reservoir to Jacksonville in the early 1910s.  The remainder of MD 145 east to Baldwin was completed in the mid-1920s.  The state highway was extended west to Cockeysville in the early 1980s in a maintenance swap.  When MD 145's bridge over Loch Raven Reservoir was replaced in 2000, the old bridge from 1922 was preserved.

Gunpowder River
The Gunpowder River is a 6.8-mile-long (10.9 km) tidal inlet on the western side of Chesapeake Bay in Maryland, United States. It is formed by the joining of two freshwater rivers, Gunpowder Falls (often referred to locally as "Big Gunpowder Falls") and Little Gunpowder Falls.
Kristy Augustin
Kristy Augustin (born 6 February 1979 in Wriezen) is a German politician serving as a member of the Landtag of Brandenburg since 2014. She has served as chairwoman of the women's wing of the Christian Democratic Union in Brandenburg since 2015.

Women's wing
A women's wing, sometimes also known as a women's group or women's branch, is an auxiliary or independent front or faction within a larger organization, typically a political party, that consists of that organization's female membership or acts to promote women within a party. These wings vary widely in type, form, and affiliation. Membership may be either optional or automatic for all female members within the organization. The most common intention is to encourage women to join formal power structures, but different women's wings serve different purposes depending on variable circumstances.
Issuna
Issuna is a village and administrative ward in the Singida Rural district of the Singida Region of Tanzania. According to the 2002 census, the ward has a total population of 11,285.

It lies approximately 40 miles (64 km) south of the town of Singida and about 90 miles (140 km) north east of the national capital Dodoma.

Singida
Singida is a city in central Tanzania. The city is the location of the regional headquarters of Singida Region as well as the district headquarters of Singida Urban District. The region and district are named after the city.
Sri Lanka Army Order of Precedence
For the purposes of parading, the regular army & the volunteer force of the Sri Lanka Army is listed according to an order of precedence.

Sri Lanka Armoured Corps

Sri Lanka Artillery

Sri Lanka Engineers

Sri Lanka Signals Corps

Sri Lanka Light Infantry

Sri Lanka Sinha Regiment

Gemunu Watch

Gajaba Regiment

Vijayabahu Infantry Regiment

Mechanized Infantry Regiment

Commando Regiment

Special Forces Regiment

Military Intelligence Corps

Engineer Services Regiment

Sri Lanka Army Service Corps

Sri Lanka Army Medical Corps

Sri Lanka Army Ordnance Corps

Sri Lanka Electrical and Mechanical Engineers

Sri Lanka Corps of Military Police

Sri Lanka Army General Service Corps

Sri Lanka Army Women's Corps

Sri Lanka Army Corps of Agriculture and Livestock

Sri Lanka Rifle Corps

Sri Lanka Army Pioneer Corps

Sri Lanka National Guard

Sri Lanka Army Service Corps
The Sri Lanka Army Service Corps  (SLASC) is a Combat Support corps of the Sri Lanka Army. The role of the corps is to carry supplies to the soldier where he is, and run an efficient organization for the provision of transport, fuel, oil and lubricants which are the 'life blood of an army’. It is made up of 7 regular units and one volunteer (reserve) units and is headquartered at its Regiment Center at the Panagoda Cantonment, Panagoda. The corps has a trade school in Anuradhapura which trains drivers, cooks and clerks for the Army.
2537 Gilmore
2537 Gilmore, provisional designation 1951 RL, is a Eunomia asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 4 September 1951, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany. It was named after New Zealand astronomer couple Alan C. Gilmore and Pamela M. Kilmartin

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory
Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory (German: Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl) is a historic astronomical observatory located near the summit of the Königstuhl hill in the city of Heidelberg in Germany. It is operated by the Center for Astronomy (ZAH) at the University of Heidelberg.

The predecessor of the current observatory was originally opened in 1774 in the nearby city of Mannheim but degradation of observational conditions there resulted in a relocation to the Königstuhl in 1898.

The Observatory facility have little value for current astronomical research of ZAH; research is done with the Gama Ray H.E.S.S in Namibia and ESO facilities in Chile.

Andreas Quirrenbach is the observatory's director since 2005.
Thomas Alexander Stewart
Sir Thomas Alexander Stewart, KCSI, KCIE (26 February 1888 – 11 May 1964) was a British administrator in India who served as Governor of Bihar.

Educated at George Heriot's School, Edinburgh and the University of Edinburgh, Stewart entered the Indian Civil Service by examination in 1911. He successively served in the United Provinces, Burma, Madras, Bombay, and with the Government of India in Delhi.

Steward was appointed CSI in 1935, knighted KCIE in 1937, and made a KCSI in 1939.

George Heriot's School
George Heriot's School is a private primary and secondary day school on Lauriston Place in the Lauriston area of Edinburgh, Scotland. In the early 21st century, it has more than 1600 pupils, 155 teaching staff, and 80 non-teaching staff. It was established in 1628 as George Heriot's Hospital, by bequest of the royal goldsmith George Heriot, and opened in 1659. It is governed by George Heriot's Trust, a Scottish charity.
New York Society of Model Engineers
The New York Society of Model Engineers (NYSME) is an American 501(c)(3) non-profit organization dedicated to the promotion of the model engineering, model railroading, and the preservation of American railroad history. Formed in 1926, it is the oldest model railroad Society in America. It is located in Carlstadt, New Jersey.

Railroad History
Railroad History (initially, The Railway & Locomotive Historical Society Bulletin) is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Railway & Locomotive Historical Society since 1921.

Railroad History consists primarily of articles about the history of rail transport with some essays and book reviews. As of 2022, its editor is Dan Cupper.

The RLHS is a non-profit organization founded in 1921 in the United States to promote research into and preservation of documentation and photography of railroad-related business, finance, labor, biography, and technology.
December 1936 Toronto municipal election
Municipal elections were held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on December 7, 1936, after being moved up from the traditional New Year's Day vote. William D. Robbins was easily elected mayor to his first full term in office.

Tim Buck
Timothy Buck (January 6, 1891 – March 11, 1973) was the general secretary of the Communist Party of Canada (known as the Labor-Progressive Party from 1943 to 1959) from 1929 until 1962. Together with Ernst Thälmann of Germany, Maurice Thorez of France, Palmiro Togliatti of Italy, Earl Browder of the United States, and Harry Pollitt of Great Britain, Buck was one of the top leaders of the Joseph Stalin-era Communist International.
Addison Lee
Addison Lee is a British private hire car and courier company headquartered in London, England. Founded in 1975 by John Griffin, the company has become the UK's largest premium private hire and courier service provider. In 2024, Addison Lee was acquired by ComfortDelGro, a multinational transport group based in Singapore.

Addison Lee serves a wide range of sectors, such as legal, financial, and media production industries. Its core offerings include private hire vehicles, black taxis, airport transfers, event transport solutions, and same-day courier deliveries, all of which can be booked via mobile app, website, or phone.

Drivers at Addison Lee are self-employed and have access to hybrid vehicles. The company offers competitive rental rates, onboarding benefits, and flexible options, including zero-rent opportunities, designed to support drivers' independence and success.

Taxis of the United Kingdom
Taxicabs are available throughout the United Kingdom, and are regulated by local authorities.

In the UK, the name hackney carriage today refers to a taxicab licensed by the TfL Taxi and Private Hire office, local authority (non-metropolitan district councils, unitary authorities) or the Department for Infrastructure depending on the area. Some hackney carriages have also been exported for use in other countries.
Vega Municipality
Vega is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Helgeland traditional region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Gladstad. Other villages include Holand and Ylvingen.

The municipality comprises about 6,500 islands in the Vega Archipelago. The main island of the municipality is the island of Vega, and it is also the largest at 163 square kilometres (63 sq mi). Bremstein Lighthouse is located in the southwestern part of the municipality.

The 165-square-kilometre (64 sq mi) municipality is the 315th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vega Municipality is the 321st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,208. The municipality's population density is 7.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (19/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1.2% over the previous 10-year period.

Districts of Norway
The country of Norway is historically divided into a number of districts. Many districts have deep historical roots, and only partially coincide with today's administrative units of counties and municipalities. The districts are defined by geographical features, often valleys, mountain ranges, fjords, plains, or coastlines, or combinations of the above. Many such regions were petty kingdoms up to the early Viking Age.
Flor Delgadillo Ruiz
Flor Marina Delgadillo Ruiz (born 12 February 1972) is a road cyclist from Colombia. She represented her nation at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the Women's cross-country. She also rode at the 2001 UCI Road World Championships. She became national road race champion in 2000.

2001 UCI Road World Championships
The 2001 UCI Road World Championships took place in Lisbon, Portugal, from 9 to 14 October 2001. The event consisted of a road race and a time trial for men, women, men under 23, junior men and junior women.
Oedipus (horse)
Oedipus  (1946–1978) was an American Champion Thoroughbred steeplechase racehorse. Sired by 1929's flat racing Horse of the Year Blue Larkspur and foaled in Kentucky, Oedipus was purchased by Lillian Bostwick Phipps and was conditioned by future Hall of Fame trainer Pete Bostwick.

Oedipus raced from 1948 through 1954 and was voted American Champion Steeplechase Horse for 1950 and again in 1951 when he won American steeplechasing's Triple Crown: the Broad Hollow Steeplechase Handicap, the Brook National Steeplechase Handicap, and the American Grand National. In 1952, Oedipus was again voted Champion, this time sharing the honor with Jam.

Retired at the end of the 1954 racing season, Oedipus died in 1978, the year he was inducted in the United States' National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame.

American Champion Steeplechase Horse
The American Champion Steeplechase Horse is an  American horse racing honor awarded as part of the Eclipse Award program since its inception in 1971. It is awarded annually to the top horse in steeplechase racing.

Flatterer is the only horse to win the award four times in a row, his last coming at age 7 in 1986. Lonesome Glory has won the Award five times, more than any other horse, and was the oldest ever when he won it for the final time at age 11.
Matrix consimilarity
In linear algebra, two n-by-n matrices A and B are called consimilar if

for some invertible  matrix , where  denotes the elementwise complex conjugation. So for real matrices similar by some real matrix , consimilarity is the same as matrix similarity.

Like ordinary similarity, consimilarity is an equivalence relation on the set of  matrices, and it is reasonable to ask what properties it preserves.

The theory of ordinary similarity arises as a result of studying linear transformations referred to different bases. Consimilarity arises as a result of studying antilinear transformations referred to different bases.

A matrix is consimilar to itself, its complex conjugate, its transpose and its adjoint matrix.  Every matrix is consimilar to a real matrix and to a Hermitian matrix.  There is a standard form for the consimilarity class, analogous to the Jordan normal form.

Complex conjugate
In mathematics, the complex conjugate of a complex number is the number with an equal real part and an imaginary part equal in magnitude but opposite in sign. That is, if  and  are real numbers, then the complex conjugate of  is    The complex conjugate of  is often denoted as  or .

In polar form, if  and  are real numbers then the conjugate of  is  This can be shown using Euler's formula.

The product of a complex number and its conjugate is a real number:  (or  in polar coordinates).

If a root of a univariate polynomial with real coefficients is complex, then its complex conjugate is also a root.
Halifax Slasher
The Halifax Slasher was the supposed attacker in an incident of mass hysteria that occurred in the town of Halifax, England, in November 1938 following a series of reported attacks on local people, mostly women. The hysteria spread elsewhere and was partly blamed on a previous slashing event in the 1920s.

Mass psychogenic illness
Mass psychogenic illness (MPI), also called mass sociogenic illness, mass psychogenic disorder, epidemic hysteria or mass hysteria, involves the spread of illness symptoms through a population where there is no infectious agent responsible for contagion. It is the rapid spread of illness signs and symptoms affecting members of a cohesive group, originating from a nervous system disturbance involving excitation, loss, or alteration of function, whereby physical complaints that are exhibited unconsciously have no corresponding organic causes that are known.
Noon Against Putin
"Noon Against Putin" (Russian: Полдень против Путина, romanized: Polden protiv Putina) was a peaceful protest on 17 March of the 2024 Russian presidential election, where voters who do not support Vladimir Putin came en masse to polling stations at noon and vote against Putin or spoil the ballot. The protest has been described by the Novaya Gazeta as "Navalny's political testament" as it was the last political statement by prominent Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny prior to his death.

Abbas Gallyamov
Abbas Radikovich Gallyamov (Russian: Аббас Радикович Галлямов, Bashkir: Аббас Радик улы Галләмов; born 30 May 1972) is a Russian political scientist and opinion journalist of Bashkir origin. He is known for had being Vladimir Putin's  speechwriter during the latter's premiership between 2008 and 2010.