hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Waterfalls of the West Fork Foss River Valley
The valley of the West Fork Foss River contains a fair amount of waterfalls. The river heads in a series of large lakes: Big Heart Lake, Angeline Lake, and Otter Lake- which form spectacular waterfalls as they plunge down to Delta Lake. On the valley walls downstream of Delta Lake, are found even more waterfalls.

There are a series of waterfalls occurring on the cliff where Malachite Lake and Copper Lake's outlet streams plunge down to meet the West Fork Foss River, in King County, Washington. This cliff drops thousands of feet into the basin of the West Fork, forming two sets of five waterfalls total. Two other waterfalls also drop down the cliff further downstream along the drainage. There are also some waterfalls on the West Fork itself.

Foss River
The Foss  River is a stream in the U.S. state of Washington. It has two main forks, the East Fork Foss River and the West Fork Foss River. The main stem is formed by the confluence of the two forks. The river and its forks rise near in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness area of Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest in the Cascade Mountains and flows generally north, joining the Tye River to form the South Fork Skykomish River. The Foss River's waters eventually empty into Puget Sound near Everett via the Skykomish River and Snohomish River.
Coronation Cross of Bohemia
The Coronation Cross of Bohemia (Czech: Korunovační kříž Čech) or the Gold Reliquary Cross (Zlatý kříž relikviáře) is the most precious object of the Treasury of St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague. It is usually exhibited together with the Bohemian crown jewels and is sometimes considered to be part of them. It is a gold reliquary in shape of a cross, which was created to contain the most valuable relics of the Kingdom of Bohemia. The cross was made by order of Charles IV, probably around 1354. The Reliquary Cross was not originally part of the St. Vitus Treasury, but belonged to the Treasury of Karlštejn Castle. Since 1645 it has been permanently in Prague and became part of the St. Vitus Treasury. The cross was used during the coronations of Bohemian kings in St. Vitus Cathedral, although it was not originally made for this purpose.

Karlštejn
Karlštejn Castle (Czech: hrad Karlštejn; German: Burg Karlstein) is a castle in the Czech Republic. It is a large Gothic castle founded in 1348 by King Charles IV. The castle served as a place for safekeeping the Imperial Regalia as well as the Bohemian crown jewels, holy relics, and other royal treasures. Karlštejn is among the most famous and most frequently visited castles in the country.
Nijssen
Nijssen is a Dutch patronymic surname originating from the given name "Denijs" (Denis). People with this surname include:

Nijssen

Han Nijssen (1935–2013), Dutch ichthyologist

Sjir Nijssen (born 1938), Dutch computer scientist known for Nijssen's Information Analysis Method

Tom Nijssen (born 1964), Dutch tennis player

Nyssen

Hubert Nyssen (1925–2011), Belgian writer and publisher

G. M. Nijssen
Gerardus Maria "Sjir" Nijssen (born 18 October 1938, Schinnen) is a Dutch computer scientist, former professor of computer science at the University of Queensland, consultant, and author. Nijssen is considered the founder of verbalization in computer science, and one of the founders of business modeling and information analysis based on natural language.
Fatty acid degradation
Fatty acid degradation is the process in which fatty acids are broken down into their metabolites, in the end generating acetyl-CoA, the entry molecule for the citric acid cycle, the main energy supply of living organisms, including bacteria and animals. It includes three major steps:

Lipolysis of and release from adipose tissue

Activation and transport into mitochondria

β-oxidation

Acyl group
In chemistry, an acyl group is a moiety derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid, including inorganic acids. It contains a double-bonded oxygen atom and an organyl group (R−C=O) or hydrogen in the case of formyl group (H−C=O). In organic chemistry, the acyl group (IUPAC name alkanoyl if the organyl group is alkyl) is usually derived from a carboxylic acid, in which case it has the formula R−C(=O)−, where R represents an organyl group or hydrogen. Although the term is almost always applied to organic compounds, acyl groups can in principle be derived from other types of acids such as sulfonic acids and phosphonic acids. In the most common arrangement, acyl groups are attached to a larger molecular fragment, in which case the carbon and oxygen atoms are linked by a double bond.
J. Bratton Davis United States Bankruptcy Courthouse
The J. Bratton Davis United States Bankruptcy Courthouse is a courthouse of the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina, located in Columbia, South Carolina. It was originally constructed in 1936, under the supervision of architect Harold Tatum. The courthouse is named for J. Bratton Davis, a bankruptcy judge first appointed in 1978 who later became Chief Judge of the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of South Carolina, and he served in that capacity until 2000.

The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, having been added to the list on March 2, 1979.

United States District Court for the District of South Carolina
The United States District Court for the District of South Carolina (in case citations, D.S.C.) is the federal district court whose jurisdiction is the state of South Carolina. Court is held in the cities of Aiken, Anderson, Beaufort, Charleston, Columbia, Florence, Greenville, and Spartanburg.

Appeals from the District of South Carolina are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The United States attorney for the District of South Carolina represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. As of April 28, 2025, the acting United States attorney is Bryan Stirling.
RAF Madley
Royal Air Force Madley or more simply RAF Madley is a former Royal Air Force station situated 6.2 miles (10 km) south west of Hereford in Herefordshire, England. The station was in use during the Second World War as a training base and was located between the villages of Kingstone and Madley.

Hereford
Hereford (/ˈhɛrɪfərd/ ⓘ HERR-if-ərd) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies 16 miles (26 km) east of the border with Wales, 23 miles (37 km) north-west of Gloucester and 24 miles (39 km) south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire.

An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000.

Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle.
Igors Pavlovs
Igors Pavlovs (born 1 January 1965 in Lipetsk, Russian SFSR, USSR) is a retired professional Latvian ice hockey player. During his career he played for Dinamo Riga and later for various hockey teams in Germany. He also represented Latvia at an international level.

Dinamo Riga (original)
Dinamo Riga (Latvian: Rīgas Dinamo) was a Soviet ice hockey club, based in Riga, Latvia. It was founded in 1946 and disestablished in 1995 as Pārdaugava Rīga. From 1949 to 1963 Dinamo Riga was joined with Daugava sports society which was sponsored by Riga's factories VEF and then RVR.
House of cards
A house of cards (also known as a card tower or card castle) is a structure created by stacking playing cards on top of each other, often in the shape of a pyramid. "House of cards" is also an expression that dates back to 1645 meaning a structure or argument built on a shaky foundation or one that will collapse if a necessary (but possibly overlooked or unappreciated) element is removed. Structures built by layering in this way, such as Stonehenge, are referred to as "house of cards architecture", which dates back to the Cyclopean and Megalithic ages. The origin of the phrase is debated to be from the 18th century England but some believe that it has an American base.

Idiom
An idiom is a phrase or expression that largely or exclusively carries a figurative or non-literal meaning, rather than making any literal sense.  Categorized as formulaic language, an idiomatic expression's meaning is different from the literal meanings of each word inside it.

Idioms occur frequently in all languages. In English alone there are an estimated twenty-five thousand idiomatic expressions. Some well known idioms in English are "spill the beans" (meaning "reveal secret information"), "it's raining cats and dogs" (meaning "it's raining intensely"), and "break a leg" (meaning "good luck").
Hypostomus affinis
Hypostomus affinis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it is endemic to the Paraíba do Sul basin in Brazil. It is typically seen in areas of varied width and flow speed, with a substrate of rocks and sand. Juveniles of the species are often seen within riparian vegetation near riverbanks. It is believed to display facultative air-breathing and asynchronous ovarian development, with oocytes of all stages being present simultaneously. H. affinis reaches 39.7 cm (15.6 inches) in standard length.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Matej Hočevar
Matej Hočevar (born Ljubljana, 30 April 1982) is a Slovenian professional ice hockey player currently with HDD Olimpija Ljubljana of the Austrian Hockey League (EBEL). He participated at the 2011 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Slovenia men's national ice hockey team.

Slovenia men's national ice hockey team
The Slovenia men's national ice hockey team is the ice hockey team representing Slovenia internationally. It is governed by the Ice Hockey Federation of Slovenia. As of May 2025, Slovenia is ranked 15th in the world by the IIHF World Ranking. The team's biggest success is reaching the quarter-finals at the 2014 Winter Olympics. Their best record at the Ice Hockey World Championships is 13th place, achieved in 2002, 2005 and 2025.

Seven players from Slovenia have been drafted into the National Hockey League (NHL) since 1998; Anže Kopitar and Jan Muršak have played in the league.
Medical Investigation
Medical Investigation is an American medical drama television series that began September 9, 2004, on NBC. It ran for 20 one-hour episodes before its cancellation on March 25, 2005. The series was co-produced by Paramount Network Television and NBC Universal Television Studio.

The series featured the cases of an elite team of medical experts of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) who investigate unusual public health crises, such as sudden outbreaks of serious  and mysterious diseases. In actuality, medical investigative duties in the United States are normally the responsibility of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and local health departments, while the NIH is primarily a disease-research and -theory organization.

Medical drama
A medical drama is a television movie or film in which events center upon a hospital, clinic, doctor's office, a paramedic, or any other medical topic or environment. Most recent medical dramatic programming goes beyond the events pertaining to the characters' jobs and portray some aspects of their personal lives. The longest running prime-time medical drama in the world is the British series Casualty, airing since 1986, and the longest running medical soap opera is General Hospital, running since 1963.
Indio (TV series)
Indio is the 2013 Philippine television drama epic fantasy series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Dondon Santos, it stars Bong Revilla in the title role. It premiered on January 14, 2013 on the network's Telebabad line up. The series concluded on May 31, 2013 with a total of 97 episodes.

The series is streaming online on YouTube.

High fantasy
High fantasy, or epic fantasy, is a subgenre of fantasy defined by the epic nature of its setting or by the epic stature of its characters, themes, or plot. High fantasy is usually set in an alternative, fictional ("secondary") world, rather than the "real" or "primary" world. This secondary world is usually internally consistent, but its rules differ from those of the primary world. By contrast, low fantasy is characterized by being set on Earth, the primary or real world, or a rational and familiar fictional world with the inclusion of magical elements.
Nandakumar railway station
Nandakumar railway station is a railway station on the Tamluk–Digha branch line of South Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. The railway station is situated beside Haldia–Mechada Road, Kumarara at Nandakumar in Purba Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. This railway station is named after Maharaja Nandakumar.

South Eastern Railway zone
The South Eastern Railway (abbreviated SER) is one of the 19 railway zones in India. It is headquartered at Garden Reach, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It comprises Adra railway division, Chakradharpur railway division, Kharagpur railway division and Ranchi railway division.
Thomas Irwin (Canadian politician)
Thomas James Irwin (21 June 1889 – 15 May 1962) was a Canadian politician serving in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia and the House of Commons of Canada.

Irwin was born in Dumbarton, Scotland and became a farmer by trade. He was elected to the BC legislature in the 1952 provincial election at the Delta electoral district as a provincial Social Credit candidate. He was re-elected there for two more terms in the 1953 and 1956 provincial elections. From 1953 to 1957, he served as Speaker of the Assembly.

He was first elected at the Burnaby—Richmond riding in the 1957 general election as a Social Credit party member of Parliament. He served only one term there, the 23rd Canadian Parliament, after which he was defeated by John Drysdale of the Progressive Conservative party in the 1958 election. He was unsuccessful in his attempt to return to the BC Legislature in the 1960 provincial election.

1956 British Columbia general election
The 1956 British Columbia general election was the 25th general election in the province of British Columbia, Canada. It was held to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. The election was called on August 13, 1956, and held on September 19, 1956.  The new legislature met for the first time on February 7, 1957.

The conservative Social Credit of Premier W.A.C. Bennett was re-elected with a majority in the legislature to a third term in government with over 45% of the popular vote.

The social democratic CCF formed the official opposition.

The British Columbia Liberal Party lost two of its four seats despite winning over 20% of the popular vote.

The Progressive Conservative Party lost its single seat in the legislature, and would not win a seat again until the 1972 election.

One seat was won by a Labour candidate, Tom Uphill of Fernie.
Lombardini (company)
Lombardini Srl was an Italian manufacturer of diesel engines up to 134HP, which is now part of American manufacturer Kohler Co. after acquisition. The company was founded in Reggio Emilia by brothers Adelmo and Rainero Lombardini in 1933 under the name of "Lombardini Fabbrica Italiana Motori S.p.A.". Adelmo Lombardini had already been manufacturing combustion engines since 1922 with a company called "Società Anonima Cooperativa Metallurgica" in Novellara (RE).

Along with engines, the company of the two Lombardini brothers manufactured finished products such as pumping sets. After World War II this trend increased with production of agricultural tractors and tillers.

Tractor
A tractor is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to deliver a high tractive effort (or torque) at slow speeds, for the purposes of hauling a trailer or machinery such as that used in agriculture, mining or construction.  Most commonly, the term is used to describe a farm vehicle that provides the power and traction to mechanize agricultural tasks, especially (and originally) tillage, and now many more. Agricultural implements may be towed behind or mounted on the tractor, and the tractor may also provide a source of power if the implement is mechanised.
Albert Zenophile Aubin
Albert Zénophile Aubin (July 6, 1891 – March 20, 1957) was an Ontario political figure. He represented Sturgeon Falls in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1929 to 1934 as a Conservative member.

He was born in Cumber, Ontario, the son of Azaire Adulphe Aubin, and educated in Rigaud, Quebec and at Osgoode Hall. He married Jeannette Bourdon. Aubin lived in Sturgeon Falls. He died at Riverside County, California in 1957.

Rigaud, Quebec
Rigaud (French pronunciation: [ʁigo]) is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada, in the Vaudreuil-Soulanges Regional County Municipality in Vallée-du-Haut-Saint-Laurent region. It is located at the junction of the Ottawa River and the Rigaud River, about 70 kilometres (43 mi) west of downtown Montreal and 130 kilometres (81 mi) east of Ottawa. The population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 7,854.
Reflection (2021 film)
Reflection (Ukrainian: «Відблиск», romanized: Vidblysk) is a Ukrainian drama film directed by Valentyn Vasyanovych. Its world premiere took place on 6 September 2021 at the 78th Venice International Film Festival, where it was selected to compete for the Golden Lion. It was scheduled to have a wide theatrical release in Ukraine in 2022.

Stanislav Aseyev
Stanislav Aseyev (Ukrainian: Станіслав Володимирович Асєєв; born 1 October 1989) is a Ukrainian writer and journalist, human rights activist, and founder of the Justice Initiative Fund. Veteran of the Russo-Ukrainian war. His best-known work is the novel The Torture Camp on Paradise Street (2020). In May 2014 his native city of Donetsk fell under the control of Russian militants and he remained there. From 2015 through 2017 Aseyev published his reports (writing under the pen name Stanislav Vasin) for the Mirror Weekly newspaper and other Ukrainian media. On 2 June 2017, he disappeared. On 16 July, an agent of the Ministry of State Security of the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) confirmed that he was kidnapped by militants from the DPR.

Despite overwhelming international support, Aseyev was sentenced to 15 years and spent 962 days in Izolyatsia prison. He was released as part of a prisoner exchange and handed over to Ukrainian authorities on 29 December 2019.
Viminal Hill
The Viminal Hill (/ˈvɪmɪnəl/ VIM-in-əl; Latin: Collis Vīminālis [ˈkɔllɪs wiːmɪˈnaːlɪs]; Italian: Viminale [vimiˈnaːle]) is the smallest of the famous Seven Hills of Rome. A finger-shape cusp pointing toward central Rome between the Quirinal Hill to the northwest and the Esquiline Hill to the southeast, it is home to the Teatro dell'Opera and the Termini Railway Station.

At the top of the Viminal Hill is the Palace of Viminale that hosts the headquarters of the Ministry of the Interior; currently the term Il Viminale means the Ministry of the Interior.

According to Livy, the hill first became part of the city of Rome, along with the Quirinal Hill, during the reign of Servius Tullius, Rome's sixth king, in the 6th century BC. The name of the hill derives from Latin viminalis (“pertaining to osiers”), from vimen (“a pliant twig, osier”).

Minister of the Interior (Italy)
The minister of the interior (Italian: ministro dell'interno) in Italy is one of the most important positions in the Italian Council of Ministers and leads the Ministry of the Interior. The current minister is prefect Matteo Piantedosi,  appointed on 22 October 22 in the Meloni Cabinet.

The minister of the interior is responsible for internal security and the protection of the constitutional order, for civil protection against disasters and terrorism, for displaced persons and administrative questions. It is host to the Standing Committee of Interior Ministers and also drafts all passport, identity card, firearms, and explosives legislation.

The interior minister is political head for the administration of internal affairs. They control the State police, the Vigili del Fuoco, and the prefects. The minister therefore sits on the High Council of Defence.
Simcha Shiloni
Simcha Shiloni (Hebrew: שמחה שילוני; 1919 – 3 December 2015) was a commander of the Palmach during the 1948 Palestine war.

Simcha Shiloni was born in 1919 in Gomel to Ida and Ephraim. He made aliyah with his parents in 1922 settling in Migdal.

In 1941, Shiloni was one of the first to enlist in the Palmach.

His son, Ehud Shiloni, created a scholarship fund for students from the town of Ofakim in honour of his father's unit. His daughter, Ruth Shiloni, was a torchbearer at a 1966 Independence Day ceremony commemorating fighters from the 1948 Palestine war.

Ofakim
Ofakim (Hebrew: אופקים, lit. 'Horizons')  is a city in the Southern District of Israel, 20 kilometers (12.4 mi) west of Beersheba. It achieved municipal status in 1955. It has an area of 10,000 dunams (~3.9 sq mi; 10 km2). In 2023 it had a population of 37,837.

Ofakim was established as a development town in 1955. For many years it was a major textile manufacturing center until outsourcing led to the closure of factories. As a result,  Ofakim suffered from poverty and unemployment. Since the 2000s, new businesses have opened, improving the economic outlook.

During the October 7 attacks in 2023, Ofakim was attacked by Hamas militants who infiltrated the city and killed 47 residents.
Ghuduwal
Ghuduwal is a village in Shahkot in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) from sub-district headquarters and 55 kilometres (34 mi) from district headquarters. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Jalandhar district
Jalandhar district is a district in Doaba region of the state of Punjab, India. The district headquarters is the city of Jalandhar.

Before the Partition of India, Jalandhar was also the headquarters of the Jalandhar Division, with constituent districts Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Ferozepur and Kangra. The entire Jalandhar Division was awarded to India when Punjab was partitioned.
Bleddyn Fardd
Bleddyn Fardd (fl. c. 1258 – 1284) was a Welsh-language court poet from Gwynedd.

Bleddyn is noted for his elegies on the death of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales, the texts of which are preserved in the Hendregadredd manuscript.

Prince of Wales
Prince of Wales is a title traditionally given to the male heir apparent to the English, and later, the British throne. The title originated with the Welsh rulers of Gwynedd who, from the late 12th century, used it (albeit inconsistently) to assert their supremacy over the other Welsh rulers. However, to mark the finalisation of his conquest of Wales, in 1301, Edward I of England invested his son Edward of Caernarfon with the title, thereby beginning the tradition of giving the title to the heir apparent when he was the monarch's son or grandson. The title was later claimed by the leader of a Welsh rebellion, Owain Glyndŵr, from 1400 until 1415.

King Charles III created his son, William, Prince of Wales on 9 September 2022, the day after his accession to the throne, with formal letters patent issued on 13 February 2023. The title has become a point of controversy in Wales.