hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Haskell L. Nichols
Haskell L. Nichols was a Republican politician who served in both houses of the Michigan Legislature between 1933 and 1966.

A native of Homer, Nichols served in the U.S. Army during World War I. He served as the Jackson County circuit court commissioner before being elected to the Michigan House of Representatives in 1932. He was defeated in his bid for a third term in 1936 by Charles Snow, but won their rematch in 1938. In the interim (1937–38), he chaired the Jackson County Republican Party.

After two more terms in the House, Nichols won election to the Michigan Senate in 1942 where he served 12 terms. He was defeated in the Republican primary in 1966 by his eventual successor James Fleming.

Nichols was a Freemason and a member of numerous civic organizations, including Kiwanis, the Elks, the Shriners, the Jaycees, the Eagles, and the Moose. He died on April 30, 1991, aged 94.

In 1992, the Legislature named a portion of US-127 in Jackson County for Nichols.

Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks
The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks (BPOE), commonly known as the Elks Lodge or simply The Elks, is an American fraternal order and charitable organization founded in 1868 in New York City. Originally established as a social club for minstrel show performers, it evolved into a nationwide brotherhood dedicated to community service, patriotism, and mutual aid. With over 750,000 members across 1,700-plus local lodges, the Elks are known for philanthropic programs supporting veterans, youth scholarships, and disaster relief. The organization upholds four pillars—Charity, Justice, Brotherly Love, and Fidelity—and maintains traditions like the nightly "Hour of Recollection" toast to absent members. Historically exclusive (barring women and minorities until the late 20th century), the BPOE now admits all U.S. citizens over 21 who affirm belief in God. Its headquarters, the Elks National Veterans Memorial in Chicago, commemorates members who served in World War I.
Oncideres impluviata
Oncideres impluviata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Ernst Friedrich Germar in 1842. It is known from Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay. It feeds on Parapiptadenia rigida.

Parapiptadenia rigida
Parapiptadenia rigida is a perennial shrub or tree.  It is not a threatened species. It is native to Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.  Common names include angico, angico-cedro, angico-do-banhado, angico-dos-montes, angico-verdadeiro, angico-vermelho (in Spanish angico is changed for anchico), guarucaia and  paric.

Parapiptadenia rigida grows from about 18m to 30m in height and it has a straight trunk which has slightly furrowed bark.  The foliage is dark green and the flowers are greenish-yellow 5 cm to 9 cm long. It blooms in the spring.  The seed pods grow 9 cm to 16 cm in length.  The seeds are flat, oval and brown.  It is found along the lengths of rivers.
Eber D. Howe
Eber Dudley Howe (June 9, 1798 – November 10, 1885) was the founder and editor of the Painesville Telegraph, a newspaper that published in Painesville, Ohio, starting in 1822. Howe was the author of one of the first books that was critical of the spiritual claims of Joseph Smith Jr, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement. His 1834 book Mormonism Unvailed  [sic] was based largely on affidavits collected by Latter Day Saint dissenter Doctor Philastus Hurlbut and on the letters of dissenter Ezra Booth, which in 1831 had been published in the Ohio Star.

Affidavit
An affidavit (/ˌæfɪˈdeɪvɪt/ ⓘ AF-ih-DAY-vit; Medieval Latin for "he has declared under oath") is a written statement voluntarily made by an affiant or deponent under an oath or affirmation which is administered by a person who is authorized to do so by law. Such a statement is witnessed as to the authenticity of the affiant's signature by a taker of oaths, such as a notary public or commissioner of oaths. An affidavit is a verified statement or showing. An affidavit is made under oath on penalty of perjury. An affidavit serves as evidence of the truth of the statements it contains and is commonly required in court proceedings.
Home repair
Home repair involves the diagnosis and resolution of problems in a home, and is related to home maintenance to avoid such problems. Many types of repairs are "do it yourself" (DIY) projects, while others may be so complicated, time-consuming or risky as to require the assistance of a qualified handyperson, property manager, contractor/builder, or other professionals.

Home repair is not the same as renovation, although many improvements can result from repairs or maintenance. Often the costs of larger repairs will justify the alternative of investment in full-scale improvements. It may make just as much sense to upgrade a home system (with an improved one) as to repair it or incur ever-more-frequent and expensive maintenance for an inefficient, obsolete or dying system.

Property manager
A property manager or estate manager is a person or firm charged with operating a real estate property for a fee. The property may be individual title owned or owned under the sectional title, share block company owned, and may be registered for residential, commercial office, and retail or industrial use. In 2006, the Bureau of Labor Statistics Office of Occupational Statistics reported that there were 329,000 property managers employed in the United States, with the number expected to grow to by 50,000 by 2016.
Josef Mundy
Josef Mundy (Hebrew: ג'וזף מונדי; 1935 in Bucharest, Romania – 1994 in New York City, New York) was an Israeli author and playwright.

Josef Mundy was born in Bucharest to a prosperous middle-class family. At the age of 16 he immigrated to Israel. In the 1960s he lived for a while in France. In general, he spent years abroad throughout his life. HaMashber ("the crisis", in Hebrew) published in 1970, was his first play to gain recognition. Initially staged by HaMartef ("the basement") Theatre, it had an eventual run of over 1,000 performances. His plays have been performed by leading Israeli theatre companies including the "Cameri" and "Habima", and at the Acco Festival of Alternative Israeli Theatre. Mundy's works, with political, controversial, and Absurdist elements, show a Brechtian influence. Mundy died in New York City at the age of 59, while rehearsing one of his plays at "La Mama" Theatre.

La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club
La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club (sometimes abbreviated as La MaMa E.T.C.) is an Off-Off-Broadway theater founded in 1961 by African-American theatre director, producer, and fashion designer Ellen Stewart. Located in the East Village neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, the theater began in the basement boutique where Stewart sold her fashion designs. Stewart turned the space into a theater at night, focusing on the work of young playwrights.
First ladies and gentlemen of the Philippines
The first lady or first gentleman of the Philippines (Filipino: Unang Ginang o Unang Ginoó ng Pilipinas) is the courtesy title given to the host or hostess of Malacañang Palace, the residence of the head of state and head of government of the Philippines.

The title is traditionally held by the consort of the president of the Philippines, and as such is used to interchangeably refer to the spouse of the incumbent; however, this is rarely the case, especially for presidents without a living spouse at the time of their tenure. The position, which is customary in nature and dignity, merits no official remuneration from the state.

Liza Araneta Marcos is the current first lady of the Philippines, as wife of the 17th and current president of the Philippines, Bongbong Marcos.

Significant other
The term significant other (SO) has different uses in psychology and colloquial language. Colloquially, "significant other" is used as a gender-neutral term for a person's partner in an intimate relationship without disclosing or presuming anything about marital status, relationship status, gender identity, or sexual orientation. Synonyms with similar properties include sweetheart, other half, better half, spouse, domestic partner, lover, paramour, soulmate, and life partner.
Funding
Funding is the act of providing resources to finance a need, program, or project. While this is usually in the form of money, it can also take the form of effort or time from an organization or company. Generally, this word is used when a firm uses its internal reserves to satisfy its necessity for cash, while the term financing is used when the firm acquires capital from external sources.

Sources of funding include credit, venture capital, donations, grants, savings, subsidies, and taxes. Funding methods such as donations, subsidies, and grants that have no direct requirement for return of investment are described as "soft funding" or "crowdfunding". Funding that facilitates the exchange of equity ownership in a company for capital investment via an online funding portal per the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (alternately, the "JOBS Act of 2012") (U.S.) is known as equity crowdfunding. Funds can be allocated for either short-term or long-term purposes.

Return on investment
Return on investment (ROI) or return on costs (ROC) is the ratio between net income or profit to investment (costs resulting from an investment of some resources). A high ROI means the investment's gains compare favorably to its cost. As a performance measure, ROI is used to evaluate the efficiency of an investment or to compare the efficiencies of several different investments. In economic terms, it is one way of relating profits to capital invested.
Llanfendigaid Estate
Llanfendigaid Estate, located on the Cardigan Bay  coast of southern Gwynedd (formerly Merioneth: Welsh: Meirionnydd, Sir Feirionydd), near Tywyn in north Wales, is a mid-Georgian house that has belonged to the same family for over 600 years. Llanfendigaid is listed Grade II* by Cadw, a rating given only to houses of exceptional historic interest. The estate once encompassed over 16,000 acres (65 km2), is now reduced to 16 acres (0.065 km2) within the Snowdonia National Park.

Cardigan Bay
Cardigan Bay (Welsh: Bae Ceredigion) is a large inlet of the Irish Sea, indenting the west coast of Wales between Bardsey Island, Gwynedd in the north, and Strumble Head, Pembrokeshire at its southern end. It is the largest bay in Wales.
Industry Connections Security Group
The Industry Connections Security Group (IEEE ICSG) is a global group of computer security entities (past and present members include: Anh Labs, AVG, Avira, ESET, F-Secure, K7 Computing, Kaspersky Labs, Marvell, McAfee, Microsoft, Palo Alto Networks, Panda Software, SafeNet, Sophos, Symantec and Trend Micro) that have come together under IEEE to pool their experience and resources in combating the systematic and rapid rise in computer security threats.

IEEE ICSG activities include:

Anti-malware working group

Malware meta-data exchange standard (MMDEF) working group

Privilege Management Protocols working group

Anti-malware support service which includes
The taggant system
Clean meta-data exchange system (CMX)

AVG Technologies
AVG Technologies B.V. is a brand of cybersecurity, privacy, performance and utility software applications for desktop computers and mobile devices developed by Avast, a part of Gen Digital. As of 2026, AVG offers anti-virus, a secure browser, firewall, anti-tracking, VPN, and device performance software for Windows, MacOS, Android, and iOS. Many are offered as freeware, earning revenues from advertisers and from users that upgrade to paid versions to access more features.

AVG was founded in 1991 in Czechoslovakia. In the early 2000s, AVG expanded internationally and used money from venture capital investments to fund a series of acquisitions. AVG went public on the New York Stock Exchange in February 2012. Avast acquired AVG for $1.3 billion in July 2016.

In 2022, Avast and Norton became Gen Digital.
The Man with Bogart's Face
The Man with Bogart's Face (also called Sam Marlowe, Private Eye) is a 1980 American comedy film, released by 20th Century Fox and based on a novel of the same title. Andrew J. Fenady, author of the novel, produced the film and wrote the screenplay.

Victor Buono
Victor Charles Buono (February 3, 1938 – January 1, 1982) was an American actor, comic, and briefly a recording artist. He was known for playing the villain King Tut in the television series Batman (1966–1968) and musician Edwin Flagg in What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? (1962), the latter of which earned him Academy Award and Golden Globe Award nominations. He was a busy actor from his late teens until his death at the age of 43 and, with his large size and sonorous voice, he made a career of playing men much older than he actually was.
Ceramida
Ceramida is a genus of scarab beetles that are endemic to the southern Iberian Peninsula. Some of its species are pests, primarily of olive trees. Its taxonomy is uncertain due to its unclear diagnostic characteristics.

Scarabaeidae
The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 35,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this family has undergone significant change. Several groups formerly treated as subfamilies have been elevated to family rank (e.g., Bolboceratidae, Geotrupidae, Glaresidae, Glaphyridae, Hybosoridae, Ochodaeidae, and Pleocomidae), and some reduced to lower ranks. The subfamilies listed in this article are in accordance with those in Catalog of Life (2023).
Newfoundland wolf
The Newfoundland wolf (Canis lupus beothucus) was a subspecies of grey wolf that was native to Newfoundland. As a food source, the species would prey and rely on the Newfoundland caribou. During the autumn and early winter, some wolves would turn white while others remained dark enough to look black.

Remains of wolves have been discovered in L'Anse aux Meadows, a Norse settlement located in northern Newfoundland dating to c. 980–1020.

Subspecies of Canis lupus
There are 38 subspecies of Canis lupus listed in the taxonomic authority Mammal Species of the World (2005, 3rd edition). These subspecies were named over the past 250 years, and since their naming, a number of them have gone extinct. The nominate subspecies is the Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus).
In Full Color (memoir)
In Full Color: Finding My Place in a Black and White World is a memoir by American activist Rachel Dolezal, known for presenting herself as a black woman while having no known black ancestry. It was published in 2017 by BenBella Books, almost two years after the controversy about her racial identity in June 2015. The Guardian reported that 30 publishing houses turned down the manuscript before BenBella Books printed it in March 2017.

BenBella Books
BenBella Books is an independent publishing house based in Dallas, Texas. BenBella was founded by Glenn Yeffeth in 2001. It specializes in nonfiction books on popular culture, business, health, and nutrition, along with books on science, politics, psychology, and other topics.

BenBella Books has four imprints. The BenBella Books imprint publishes broadly in non-fiction.

The Smart Pop imprint, headed by Robb Pearlman, originally focused on essay anthologies on popular culture but now focuses more broadly on fan-friendly titles.

The BenBella Vegan imprint focuses on plant-based cookbooks and lifestyle titles.

The Matt Holt imprint, launched in 2020, focuses on business, finance, and professional development titles.
Symphony No. 89 (Haydn)
The Symphony No. 89 in F major, Hoboken I/89, was written by Joseph Haydn in 1787, and performed under the auspices of Nikolaus Esterházy at Esterháza.  It is sometimes referred to as The Letter W referring to an older method of cataloging Haydn's symphonic output.

The second and fourth movements of this symphony are based on movements of a Concerto for Lire Organizzata in F, Hob. VIIh/5, that Haydn composed in 1786, a year before this work, for Ferdinand IV, King of Naples. To accommodate other orchestras, Haydn had arranged all of his Lire Concertos to be played with flute and oboe as the solo instruments instead of the two lire.

Nikolaus I, Prince Esterházy
Nikolaus I, Prince Esterházy (Hungarian: Esterházy I. Miklós, German: Nikolaus I. Joseph Fürst Esterhazy; 18 December 1714 – 28 September 1790) was a Hungarian prince, a member of the famous Esterházy family. His building of palaces, extravagant clothing, and taste for opera and other grand musical productions led to his being given the title "the Magnificent". He is remembered as the principal employer of the composer Joseph Haydn.
Peter Sullivan (designer)
Peter Sullivan (1932–1996) was a British graphic designer best known for his work on information graphics in The Sunday Times. He worked for the paper 15 years, starting from the beginning of the 1970s, until his death at the age of 64. His colleagues included Nigel Holmes, Edwin Taylor, Robert Harding and John Grimwade. Sullivan was also Head of Graphic Design at Canterbury College of Art.

In 1987 he wrote the book Newspaper Graphics, which is still one of the few books that deal with information graphics in newspapers. In 1993 he continued on the topic in his book Information Graphics in Colour.

In the annual Malofiej-competition for information graphics, the highest prize is named Peter Sullivan award. The competition is held by the SND/E.

Malofiej Awards
The annual Malofiej Awards for Infographics were organized by the Spanish chapter of the Society for News Design (SND-E) for accomplishments in journalistic infographics. They have been regarded as some of the most prestigious in this field. The awards were given each March in Pamplona, Spain.

Submissions were invited online.

On October 1, 2021, the organizers announced that the awards would be paused “while we open a period of reflection to think about how to continue with them in the future.”
Lewis Pooler
Lewis Arthur Trevor James Galbraith Pooler (29 January 1858 – 15 June 1924) was an Anglican priest in Ireland during the 20th century.

The son of James Galbraith Pooler  he was educated at The Royal School, Armagh and Trinity College, Dublin where he was a Double First Prizeman. After a teaching post at his old school he was ordained deacon in 1882 and priest in 1883. His first post was a curacy at St James' Church, Belfast. He was Rector of Hollymount from 1899 to 1912; and Archdeacon of Down from 1912 until his death. He was also an Honorary Canon of St Patricks Cathedral, Dublin; an Examining Chaplain to successive Bishops of Down, Connor and Dromore; Rural Dean of Lecale East;  a Member of the Representative Church Body of the Church of Ireland; and Honorary Secretary of its General Synod.

St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
Saint Patrick's Cathedral (Irish: Ard-Eaglais Naomh Pádraig) in Dublin, Ireland is the national cathedral of the Church of Ireland. Christ Church Cathedral, also a Church of Ireland cathedral in Dublin, is designated as the local cathedral of the Diocese of Dublin and Glendalough.
Ute Dam
Ute Dam (National ID # NM00293) is a dam at Logan, New Mexico in Quay County, about 20 miles (32 km) west of the Texas state line.  The reservoir it creates, Ute Reservoir, has a water surface of 8,200 acres (3,300 ha) and has a maximum capacity of 403,000 acre-feet (497,000,000 m3).  Recreation includes fishing for largemouth bass, catfish, crappie and walleye, and the facilities at the adjacent Ute Lake State Park.

Acre-foot
The acre-foot is a non-SI unit of volume equal to about 1,233 m3 commonly used in the western United States in reference to large-scale water resources, such as reservoirs, aqueducts, canals, sewer flow capacity, irrigation water, and river flows.

An acre-foot equals the volume of water needed to fill approximately an eight-lane swimming pool, 82 ft (25 m) long, 52 ft (16 m) wide and 9.8 ft (3 m) deep.
Mirror Flower, Water Moon
Mirror Flower, Water Moon (simplified Chinese: 镜花水月; traditional Chinese: 鏡花水月; pinyin: Jìnghuā Shuǐyuè; literally "Mirror Flower, Water Moon"), is a Chinese proverb/phrase (chengyu), also known elsewhere in East Asia (for example, as a Japanese yojijukugo.) The idiom can be rendered in English as "flower in the mirror, moon on the water", suggesting things that can be seen but not touched, being reflected in mirrors or the surface of still water; it is often used as an idiomatic shorthand for "something that is beautiful but unattainable", such as dreams and mirages. A tertiary meaning is "something that seems tangible and simple but has a deeper ephemeral quality."

This name references 鏡中花，水中月, which is the shorter form of a Chinese idiom (or chéngyǔ), literally meaning a "flower seen in the mirror, moon on the water's surface".

Mirage
A mirage is a naturally occurring optical phenomenon in which light rays bend via refraction to produce a displaced image of distant objects or the sky. The word comes to English via the French (se) mirer, from the Latin mirari, meaning "to look at, to wonder at".

Mirages can be categorized as "inferior" (meaning lower), "superior" (meaning higher) and "Fata Morgana", one kind of superior mirage consisting of a series of unusually elaborate, vertically stacked images, which form one rapidly changing mirage.

In contrast to a hallucination, a mirage is a real optical phenomenon that can be captured on camera, since light rays are actually refracted to form the false image at the observer's location. What the image appears to represent, however, is determined by the interpretive faculties of the human mind. For example, inferior images on land are very easily mistaken for the reflections from a small body of water.
2025–26 Nebraska Cornhuskers men's basketball team
The 2025–26 Nebraska Cornhuskers men's basketball team represents the University of Nebraska–Lincoln in the 2025–26 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Cornhuskers are led by seventh-year head coach Fred Hoiberg and play their home games at Pinnacle Bank Arena in Lincoln, Nebraska as members of the Big Ten Conference.

1990–91 Nebraska Cornhuskers men's basketball team
The 1990–91 Nebraska Cornhuskers men's basketball team represented the University of Nebraska–Lincoln during the 1990–91 college basketball season. Led by head coach Danny Nee (5th season), the Cornhuskers competed in the Big Eight Conference and played their home games at the Bob Devaney Sports Center. They finished with a record of 26–8 overall and 9–5 in Big Eight Conference play, establishing the single-season school record for wins. Nebraska fell to Missouri, 90–82, in the championship game of the Big Eight tournament, but earned an at-large bid to the 1991 NCAA tournament as the #3 seed in the Midwest region. It would be the first of four consecutive trips to the NCAA Tournament for the Nebraska men's basketball program.
Albany adder
The Albany adder (Bitis albanica) is a viper species.   It was previously considered a subspecies  of Bitis cornuta. Its range is restricted to eastern and southern Cape Province in South Africa. Like all vipers, it is venomous.

It is extremely rare, and had been thought potentially extinct until four live specimens and one road kill were found in late 2016 or early 2017. Only 12 individuals have been identified since the species was discovered in 1937.

Cape Province
The Province of the Cape of Good Hope (Afrikaans: Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as "the Cape Province" (Afrikaans: Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as "The Cape" (Afrikaans: Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of South Africa. It encompassed the old Cape Colony, as well as Walvis Bay, and had Cape Town as its capital. In 1994, the Cape Province was divided into the new Eastern Cape, Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces, along with part of the North West.