hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2006 South Dakota Amendment C
South Dakota Amendment C of 2006 is an amendment to the South Dakota Constitution to make it unconstitutional for the state to recognize or perform same-sex marriages, or to recognize civil unions, domestic partnerships, or other quasi-marital relationships regardless of gender.  The referendum was approved on 7 November 2006 by 52% of the state's voters.

The text of the adopted amendment states:

Only marriage between a man and a woman shall be valid or recognized in South Dakota. The uniting of two or more persons in a civil union, domestic partnership, or other quasi-marital relationship shall not be valid or recognized in South Dakota.

The amendment was rendered void by Obergefell v. Hodges, a US Supreme Court decision that legalized same-sex marriage nationwide.

Government of South Dakota
The structure of the government of South Dakota is based on that of the federal government, with three branches of government: executive, legislative, and judicial. The structure of the state government is laid out in the Constitution of South Dakota, the highest law in the state. The constitution may be amended either by a majority vote of both houses of the legislature, or by voter initiative.
Bull Creek, Western Australia
Bull Creek is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located within the local government area of City of Melville. The suburb lies to the south of a creek of the same name, which flows into the Canning River.

Murdoch railway station
Murdoch railway station is a railway and bus station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Mandurah line, 13.8 kilometres (8.6 mi) from Perth station inside the median strip of the Kwinana Freeway serving the suburb of Murdoch.
Central U.S. hardwood forests
The central U.S. hardwood forests comprise a temperate broadleaf and mixed forests ecoregion in the Eastern United States, as defined by the World Wildlife Fund.  It has one of the most diverse herbaceous plant floras of ecoregions in North America.

Eastern United States
The Eastern United States, often abbreviated as simply the East, is a macroregion of the United States located to the east of the Mississippi River. It variably includes between 17 and 26 states and Washington, D.C., the national capital.

As of 2011, the Eastern United States had an estimated population exceeding 179 million, representing the majority (over 58 percent) of the total U.S. population.

The three most populous cities in the Eastern United States are New York City, Chicago, and Philadelphia.
Michael Kopelman
Michael David Kopelman (born February 8, 1950) is a British researcher of memory disorders, having contributed for more than 30 years to the development of cognitive neuropsychology and cognitive neuropsychiatry. Until his retirement in 2015, he was lead clinician at the Neuropsychiatry and Memory Disorders Clinic at St Thomas' National Health Service teaching hospital in Central London. Beginning in 1981, he also served as an expert witness in legal proceedings, including high-profile cases.

Central London
Central London is the innermost part of London, in England, spanning the City of London and several boroughs. Over time, a number of definitions have been used to define the scope of Central London for statistics, urban planning and local government. Its characteristics are understood to include a high-density built environment, high land values, an elevated daytime population and a concentration of regionally, nationally and internationally significant organisations and facilities.

Road distances to London are traditionally measured from a central point at Charing Cross (in the City of Westminster), which is marked by the statue of King Charles I at the junction of the Strand, Whitehall and Cockspur Street, just south of Trafalgar Square.
Adoration of the Magi Altarpiece (Lochner)
The Adoration of the Magi Altarpiece (also known as Dombild Altarpiece, or Kölner Dombild; German for "Cologne cathedral picture/painting") is a painted triptych by the German artist Stefan Lochner, created c. 1440–1442. Originally painted for the council-chapel St. Maria in Jerusalem in Cologne, it was moved to Cologne Cathedral in 1810 and is now in that church's Marienkapelle, south of the choir. It is also known as the Three Kings Altarpiece (Dreikönigsaltar) and the Patron Saints of Cologne Altarpiece (Altar der Kölner Stadtpatrone).

St. Maria in Jerusalem
50°56′18″N 6°57′32″E﻿ / ﻿50.93833°N 6.95897°E﻿ / 50.93833; 6.95897
St. Maria in Jerusalem was a chapel for the city council of Cologne in Germany. It was built between 1424 and 1426 when the Michaelskapelle over the market gate began to prove too small. It was secularised and deconsecrated during the French Revolutionary Wars and destroyed in bombing during World War II.
InteGreat Theater
InteGreat Theater, formerly known as Words, Signs & Vibes (WS&V), is a performing arts independent youth theatre which aims towards working with integrating the deaf and hearing communities through drama and sign songs. The youth theatre meets at the Hippodrome Theatre in Birmingham, United Kingdom on Saturday afternoons.

They started as a part of the Leaveners, a Quaker performing arts group, alongside their other two groups, Quaker Music Making and Quaker Youth Theatre. After gaining popularity at various events, such as the Big Youth Theatre Festival (BYTF) and receiving the Wavemakers Award, the youth theatre split from its parent organisation due to financial issues, becoming and Independent Voluntary Organisation. The group formerly met at the Crescent Theatre before September 2008, when the group moved to the Hippodrome.

Deafness
Deafness has varying definitions in cultural and medical contexts. In medical contexts, the meaning of deafness is hearing loss that precludes a person from understanding spoken language, an audiological condition. In this context it is written with a lower case d. It later came to be used in a cultural context to refer to those who primarily communicate with a deafness aid or through sign language regardless of hearing ability, often capitalized as Deaf and referred to as "big D Deaf" in speech and sign. The two definitions overlap but are not identical, as hearing loss includes cases that are not severe enough to impact spoken language comprehension, while cultural Deafness includes hearing people who use sign language, such as children of deaf adults.
Culture of El Paso
The culture of El Paso, Texas is influenced both heavily by American and Mexican cultures due to its position as a border town, its large Hispanic population, and its history as part of the Southwest, Spanish America and Mexico. El Paso is home to a number of cultural events and festivals. El Paso also hosts various theaters, museums, and other cultural sites.

Chamizal National Memorial
Chamizal National Memorial, located in El Paso, Texas, along the United States–Mexico international border, is a National Park Service site commemorating the peaceful settlement of the Chamizal boundary dispute.
Albany Democrat-Herald
The Albany Democrat-Herald is a daily newspaper published in Albany, Oregon, United States. The paper is owned by the Iowa-based Lee Enterprises, a firm which also owns the daily Corvallis Gazette-Times, an identical publication with an alternate banner published in the adjacent market of Corvallis, Oregon, as well as two weeklies, the Lebanon Express and the Philomath Express. The two daily papers publish a joint Sunday edition, called Mid-Valley Sunday.

The Democrat-Herald covers the cities of Albany, Lebanon, and Sweet Home, Oregon, as well as the towns of Jefferson, Halsey, Tangent, Harrisburg, Brownsville, and Shedd.

Jefferson, Oregon
Jefferson is a city in Marion County, Oregon, United States. It is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 3,327 at the 2020 census. The city sits on the east (right) bank of the Santiam River between Salem and Albany along Oregon Route 164 east of Interstate 5.
Mariam Najjemba
Mariam Najjemba Mbabaali, formerly known as Rosemary Najjemba Muyinda is a Ugandan politician. She served as the State Minister for Urban Planning in the Ugandan Cabinet from 15 August 2012, until 6 June 2016, when she was dropped from cabinet. In the cabinet, she replaced Justine Lumumba Kasule, who was appointed Government Chief Whip. Najjemba served as the elected Member of Parliament for Gomba County, Gomba District on the National Resistance Movement (NRM) political party ticket, for two consecutive terms, from 2006 until 2016.

Chief Whip
The Chief Whip is a political leader whose task is to enforce the whipping system, which aims to ensure that legislators who are members of a political party attend and vote on legislation as the party leadership prescribes.
Kavi Kag Award
Kavi Kag Award (Gujarati: કવિ કાગ ઍવોર્ડ) is an annual award named after the Gujarati poet Dula Bhaya Kag, given to folk artists, writers, scholars and institutions for contributions to Gujarati folk as well as Charan literature. It was instituted in 2002 with the inspiration and blessings of Morari Bapu. The award is presented every year on the death anniversary of Dula Bhaya Kag, on Kag Chauth (Fagan Sud Chauth), at Kagdham (Majadar), Amreli.

Five awards are given to folk artists and writers of Gujarati, and one award is given to a Rajasthani scholar for research in the field of literature. The recipients are honored with an incentive of Rs 51000/-, mementos, and shawls.

Morari Bapu
Morari Bapu (born Moraridas Prabhudas Hariyani, 2 March 1946) is an Indian spiritual leader and narrator of Rama katha from Gujarat. He is an exponent of Ramcharitmanas with more than 900 kathas recited over the last 60 years.
Droid Mini
The Droid Mini is an Android-based, 4G LTE-capable smartphone designed by Motorola as the successor to the Droid Razr M. It is a smaller version of the Droid Ultra. It uses an LCD instead of the AMOLED display that the Droid Maxx and Droid Ultra use. However, it maintains the same features, chipset, CPU and GPU.

AMOLED
AMOLED (active-matrix organic light-emitting diode; /ˈæmoʊˌlɛd/) is a type of OLED display device technology. OLED describes a specific type of thin-film-display technology in which organic compounds form the electroluminescent material, and active matrix refers to the technology behind the addressing of pixels.

Since 2007, AMOLED displays have been used in mobile phones, media players, TVs, and digital cameras. The current progress for this technology is towards lower power usage, lower cost, and higher screen resolutions (e.g., 8K).
Robert Ford (British Army officer)
General Sir Robert Cyril Ford (29 December 1923 – 24 November 2015) was a British Army general who was Adjutant-General to the Forces. The Bloody Sunday shootings occurred during his tenure as Commander Land Forces, Northern Ireland.

General (United Kingdom)
General (or full general to distinguish it from the lower general officer ranks) is the highest rank achievable by serving officers of the British Army and the Royal Marines.  The rank can also be held by Royal Marines officers in tri-service posts, for example, Generals Sir Gordon Messenger and Sir Gwyn Jenkins, former Vice-Chiefs of the Defence Staff. It ranks above lieutenant-general and, in the Army, is subordinate to the rank of field marshal, which is now awarded as an honorary rank only.  The rank of general has a NATO-code of OF-9, and is a four-star rank.  It is equivalent to a full admiral in the Royal Navy or an air chief marshal in the Royal Air Force.

Officers holding the ranks of general, lieutenant-general and major-general are 'general officers' and may be addressed as 'general'.
Alfred Hayes Jr.
Alfred Hayes Jr.  (October 13, 1873 – October 19, 1936) of Lewisburg, Pennsylvania and Greenwich, Connecticut was an American educator, common and constitutional lawyer, internationalist and Progressive Era advocate for Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive Party and the Bull Moose initiative.

Lewisburg, Pennsylvania
Lewisburg is a borough in Union County, Pennsylvania, United States, 30 miles (48 km) south by southeast of Williamsport and 60 miles (97 km) north of Harrisburg. The population was 5,158 as of the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Union County. Located in central Pennsylvania's Susquehanna Valley, on the West Branch Susquehanna River, it is home to Bucknell University. Its 19th-century downtown, centered around Market Street, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Lewisburg is the principal city of the Lewisburg Micropolitan Statistical Area, and is also part of the larger Bloomsburg–Berwick–Sunbury Combined Statistical Area.
USS Mahan (DDG-72)
USS Mahan (DDG-72) is an Arleigh Burke-class (Flight II) Aegis guided missile destroyer currently in service with the United States Navy and is the first of the Flight II variant. This ship is the 22nd destroyer of her class. USS Mahan was the 12th ship of this class to be built at Bath Iron Works in Bath, Maine, and construction began on 17 August 1995. She was launched and christened on 29 June 1996. On 14 February 1998 she was commissioned in Tampa, Florida. Mahan is homeported in Norfolk, Virginia, and as of 2012 was attached to Destroyer Squadron 2. By 2016, the ship was part of Destroyer Squadron 22.

Destroyer Squadron 2
Destroyer Squadron 2 is a destroyer squadron of the United States Navy. It is administratively part of Commander, Naval Surface Force Atlantic. . Destroyer Squadron 2 is assigned to Carrier Strike Group Twelve.
As of 2023, the following destroyers are assigned to this squadron: USS Stout (DDG-55), USS McFaul (DDG-74), USS Oscar Austin (DDG-79), USS Bulkeley (DDG-84), USS Mason (DDG-87).
Loring, Missouri
Loring is an extinct town in Wright County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The GNIS classifies it as a populated place.  The community is located just east of Missouri Route 5 between Hartville and Grovespring. It is near the headwaters of Steins Creek.

A post office called Loring was established in 1905, and remained in operation until 1954. The community has the name of the local Loring family.

Wright County, Missouri
Wright County is a county located in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,188. Its county seat is Hartville. The county was officially organized on January 29, 1841, and is named after Silas Wright (D-New York), a former Congressman, U.S. Senator and Governor of New York.

As of the 2020 United States census, the U.S. Census Bureau recognized the mean center of the United States population to be within the county, near the community of Hartville.
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 16th Essex district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 16th Essex district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of the city of Lawrence and Methuen in Essex County. Since January 4, 2023 Francisco E. Paulino of the Democratic Party has represented the district following the 2022 Massachusetts House of Representatives election.

Methuen, Massachusetts
Methuen (/məˈθuːən/) is a 23-square-mile (60 km2) city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 53,059 at the 2020 census. Methuen lies along the northwestern edge of Essex County, just east of Middlesex County and just south of Rockingham County, New Hampshire.  The city is bordered by Haverhill to the northeast, North Andover to the southeast, Lawrence and Andover to the south, Dracut (Middlesex County) to the west, Pelham, New Hampshire (Hillsborough County) to the northwest, and Salem, New Hampshire (Rockingham County) to the north.  Methuen is located 17 miles (27 km) southwest from Newburyport, 30 miles (48 km) north-northwest of Boston and 25 miles (40 km) south-southeast of Manchester, New Hampshire. The city is a part of the Merrimack Valley and its ZIP Code is 01844.
Sabre Wildcat
The Sabre Wildcat is one of a series of American two-seat ultralight trikes that was designed by Richard Helm and produced by Sabre Aircraft. The aircraft were all supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Sabre Aircraft ceased operations in 2008.

Aircraft fairing
An aircraft fairing is a structure whose primary function is to produce a smooth outline and reduce drag.

These structures are covers for gaps and spaces between parts of an aircraft to reduce form drag and interference drag, and to improve appearance.
William Patterson (Ohio politician)
William Patterson (1790 – August 17, 1868) was a United States representative from Ohio.

Patterson was born in Maryland, and moved to Mansfield, Ohio where he completed preparatory studies and studied law.
Patterson was a soldier in the War of 1812
He was admitted to the bar and practiced, and held several local offices. He was an associate judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1820 and 1827, and was elected as a Jacksonian Democrat to the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Congresses, holding office from March 4, 1833 to March 3, 1837.

Patterson spent the later years of his life in Van Wert County with his children.
Patterson died in Van Wert, Ohio in 1868, and was interred at Mansfield Cemetery, Mansfield.

Van Wert, Ohio
Van Wert is a city in Van Wert County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It is located in northwestern Ohio approximately 77 miles (124 km) southwest of Toledo and 34 miles (55 km) southeast of Fort Wayne, Indiana. The population was 11,092 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Van Wert micropolitan area, which is included in the Lima–Van Wert–Wapakoneta combined statistical area.

Van Wert is named for Isaac Van Wart, one of the captors of Major John André in the American Revolutionary War. A center of peony cultivation, Van Wert has hosted the annual Van Wert Peony Festival on and off since 1902. Van Wert is home to the first county library in the United States, the Brumback Library.
Liberal, Oregon
Liberal is an unincorporated community in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States. It lies on Oregon Route 213 between Mulino and Molalla.

The community of Liberal grew up three miles south of Mulino on the south side of the Molalla River. The Liberal crossroads is located at the mutual corners of the donation land claims established in the 1840s by Harrison Wright, William Russell, W. D. Woodcock, James Barnard and Francis Jackson. As the original land claims began to be parceled out, the area was settled in the mid-19th century, primarily by Swiss and German families.

According to local tradition, the community was named after the "liberal" credit practices of the founder of the Liberal Store.

Liberal currently includes the historic Liberal Store, an active sawmill, a chicken feed mill, a multi-generational family farm, and the Evangelical Community Chapel, a church that has continuously held weekly meetings since its founding in 1900.

Donation Land Claim Act
The Donation Land Claim Act of 1850, sometimes known as the Donation Land Act, was a statute enacted by the United States Congress in late 1850, intended to promote homestead settlements in the Oregon Territory. It followed the Distribution-Preemption Act 1841. The law, a forerunner of the later Homestead Act, brought thousands of settlers into the new territory, swelling their ranks along the Oregon Trail. 7,437 land patents were issued under the law, which expired in late 1855. The Donation Land Claim Act allowed white men or partial Native Americans (mixed with white) who had arrived in Oregon before 1850 to work on a piece of land for four years and legally claim the land for themselves.

Along with other US land grant legislation, the Donation Land Claim Act discriminated against nonwhite settlers and dispossessed land from Native Americans.
Venice, Ducal Palace with a Religious Procession
Venice, Ducal Palace with a Religious Procession is an 1828 cityscape painting by the British artist Richard Parkes Bonington. Bonington visited Venice in Spring 1826 and the trip inspired him to produce a number of works up to his death in 1828. It is the largest known painting he produced.
It was exhibited at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition of 1828 to critical acclaim. 
It is now in the collection of Tate Britain in Pimlico, having been acquired in 1947.

Tate Britain
Tate Britain, known from 1897 to 1932 as the National Gallery of British Art and from 1932 to 2000 as the Tate Gallery, is an art museum on Millbank in the City of Westminster in London, England. It is part of the Tate network of galleries in England, with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. Founded by Sir Henry Tate, it houses a substantial collection of the art of the United Kingdom since Tudor times, and in particular has large holdings of the works of J. M. W. Turner, who bequeathed all his own collection to the nation. It is one of the largest museums in the country. In 2021, it ranked 50th on the list of most-visited art museums in the world.
GlueGen
GlueGen is a Java tool which automatically generates the Java and Java Native Interface (JNI) code needed to call C libraries from Java code. It reads in ANSI C header files and GlueGen configuration files, and emits C code. As JNI can be complex, Gluegen simplifies the process of  binding Java to C native libraries.

It was originally developed for Java OpenGL (JOGL), a Java OpenGL library, although the project has since been separated so it can be used with other libraries. As of 2010, it is also used in Java OpenAL (JOAL), which allows Java code to access OpenAL libraries.

ANSI C
ANSI C, ISO C, and Standard C are successive standards for the C programming language published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).  Historically, the names referred specifically to the original and best-supported version of the standard (known as C89 or C90).  Software developers writing in C are encouraged to conform to the standards, as doing so helps portability between compilers.
Cellach mac Faelan
Cellach mac Faelan was the eighth of ten Kings of Leinster to be inaugurated and based on Lyons Hill, Ardclough, County Kildare, a member of the Uí Dúnchada, one of three septs of the Uí Dúnlainge dynasty which rotated the kingship of Leinster between 750 and 1050, significant in County Kildare History.

History of County Kildare
County Kildare in the province of Leinster, Ireland, was first defined as a diocese in 1111, shired in 1297 and assumed its present borders in 1836. Its location in the Liffey basin on the main routes from Dublin to the south and west meant it was a valuable possession and important theatre of events throughout Irish history.
Edith Archibald
Edith Jessie Archibald (7 April 1854 – 11 May 1936) was a Canadian suffragist and writer who led the Maritime Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), National Council of Women of Canada and the Local Council of Women of Halifax. For her many forms of social activism, she was referred to as the "Lady of Grace" by King George V, and she was designated a Person of National Historic Significance by the Government of Canada in 1997.

National Council of Women of Canada
45°24′59″N 75°41′49″W﻿ / ﻿45.416376°N 75.696948°W﻿ / 45.416376; -75.696948

The National Council of Women of Canada (NCWC, French: Conseil national des femmes du Canada (CNFC)) is a Canadian advocacy organization based in Ottawa, Ontario, aimed at improving conditions for women, families, and communities. A federation of nationally-organized societies of men and women and local and provincial councils of women, it is the Canadian member of the International Council of Women (ICW). The Council has concerned itself in areas including women's suffrage, immigration, health care, education, mass media, the environment, and many others. Formed on October 27, 1893, in Toronto, Ontario, it is one of the oldest advocacy organizations in the country. Lady Aberdeen was elected the first president of the National Council of Women of Canada in 1893. Prominent Council leaders included Lady Gzowski, Dr. Augusta Stowe-Gullen, and Adelaide Hoodless.