hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Office of War Mobilization
The Office of War Mobilization (OWM) was an independent agency of the United States government formed during World War II to coordinate all government agencies involved in the war effort.  It was formed on May 27, 1943, by Executive Order 9347.

It was headed by James F. Byrnes, a former U.S. Senator and Supreme Court Justice. Byrnes had previously been head of the Office of Economic Stabilization, which controlled prices and taxes. The OWM supervised the OES, and also the War Production Board and other agencies. It was re-titled the Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion on October 3, 1944.

Byrnes' authority as head of the OWM was so far-reaching, he was dubbed the "assistant President".

Regulatory agency
A regulatory agency (regulatory body, regulator) or independent agency (independent regulatory agency) is a government authority that is responsible for exercising autonomous jurisdiction over some area of human activity in a licensing and regulating capacity. Examples of responsibilities include strengthening safety and standards, and/or to protect consumers in markets where there is a lack of effective competition. Examples of regulatory agencies that enforce standards include the Food and Drug Administration in the United States and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency in the United Kingdom; and, in the case of economic regulation, the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets and the Telecom Regulatory Authority in India.
Jun Chikuma
Jun Chikuma (竹間 淳, Chikuma Jun) is a Japanese music composer and musician. She is most known for her various contributions to the Bomberman series, amongst other video game soundtracks.

She has studied ney performance and Tunisian style composition under professors Slah Manaa, Ali Sriti and Zakia Hannashi at l'Institut Superieur de la Musique de Tunis, and studied riq under Haytham Farghaly of the same institute. She currently curates arab-music.com, and has also made music for many T.V. shows, films and commercials. She is also a part-time lecturer at Kokushikan University, and has since performed many concerts with the classical Arabic music ensemble Le Club Bachraf, with oud player Yoshiko Matsuda and darbuka player Takako Nomiya.

Arabic music
Arabic music (Arabic: الموسيقى العربية, romanized: al-mūsīqā l-ʿarabiyyah) is the music of the Arab world with all its diverse music styles and genres. Arabic countries have many rich and varied styles of music and also many linguistic dialects, with each country and region having their own traditional music.

Arabic music has a long history of interaction with many other regional musical styles and genres. It represents the music of all the peoples that make up the Arab world today.
George English (politician)
For people with similar names see George English (disambiguation)

George English was a state legislator in Alabama. He was elected in 1878 to represent Wilcox County, Alabama after the Reconstruction era unraveled and Democrats reasserted control, disenfranchising African Americans. English was one of the last African Americans to serve in the Alabama House of Representatives. The Farmer's Magazine and Kentucky Live-stock Monthly disparaged him and the other last remaining African American member in the House in a description printed in 1877.

English had accused fellow representative Hugh A. Carson of stealing money from him, but the issue was settled by their attorneys before legal action was taken.

Alabama House of Representatives
The Alabama House of Representatives is the lower house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of state of Alabama. The House is composed of 105 members representing an equal number of districts, with each constituency containing at least 42,380 citizens. There are no term limits in the House. The House is also one of the five lower houses of state legislatures in the United States that is elected every four years. Other lower houses, including the United States House of Representatives, are elected for a two-year term.

The House meets at the Alabama State House in Montgomery. The speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives is its leader.
2014 Red Rock Pro Open – Doubles
Tamira Paszek and Coco Vandeweghe were the defending champions, having won the event in 2013, however both players chose not to participate.

Verónica Cepede Royg and María Irigoyen won the title, defeating Asia Muhammad and Maria Sanchez in the final, 6–3, 5–7, [11–9].

María Irigoyen
María Irigoyen (born 24 June 1987) is an Argentine former tennis player.

On 13 July 2015, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 147. On 13 June 2016, she peaked at No. 47 in the WTA doubles rankings.

In her career, Irigoyen won two doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as 17 singles and 60 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Playing for Argentina Fed Cup team since 2008, she has scored a win–loss record of 21–18.
Ben Rosenthal (politician)
Ben Rosenthal (March 27, 1898 – May 24, 1953) was a Jewish-American lawyer and politician who served in the California State Assembly for the 52nd district from 1935 to 1940, then as a judge of the Los Angeles Municipal Court from 1940 until his death in 1953. Three months prior, he had been elected presiding judge. He was succeeded by John Aiso, the first Japanese-American appointed a judge in the contiguous United States.

John Aiso
John Fujio Aiso (Japanese: 相磯 藤雄, December 14, 1909 – December 29, 1987) was an American nisei military leader, lawyer and judge. Aiso was the Director and head instructor of the Military Intelligence Service Language School, and the highest-ranking Japanese American in the U.S. Army during World War II. He was also the first Japanese American appointed as a judge in the contiguous United States.
Samuel Moroto
Samuel Chumel Moroto (born 1960) is a Kenyan politician. He represents Kapenguria Constituency in the Kenyan National Assembly of the Kenyan parliament. He belongs to the Kenya African National Union (KANU) party. He is a career teacher and trade unionist. He was first elected to parliament in 2002. He hails from the Pokot community which mainly inhabits West Pokot County.

West Pokot County
West Pokot County is a county in Kenya. Its capital and largest town is Kapenguria, its area is approximately 9,169.4 square kilometers and it measures 132 kilometers from north to south.

West Pokot County is bordered to the north by Turkana County, to the east by Baringo County, to the southeast by Elgeyo-Marakwet County, to the south by Trans Nzoia County and to the west by Uganda. According to the 2019 census, the county has a population of 621,241.

The county is home to Tegla Loroupe, one of the most famous Kenyan female runners, and the birthplace of Israeli Olympic marathon runner Lonah Chemtai Salpeter.
The British Yearbook of International Law
The British Yearbook of International Law is an annual peer reviewed academic journal of law. It is published by Oxford University Press.

The editors are professor Eyal Benvenisti and professor Catherine Redgwell.

Eyal Benvenisti
Eyal Benvenisti (Hebrew: איל בנבנשתי; born 18 February 1959) is an attorney and legal academic, and Whewell Professor of International Law at the University of Cambridge. He was formerly Anny and Paul Yanowicz Professor of Human Rights at Tel Aviv University's faculty of law. Since 2003 he has been part of the Global Law Faculty at New York University School of Law. He is the founding co-editor of Theoretical Inquiries in Law (1997–2002), where he served as Editor in Chief (2003-2006). He has also served on the editorial boards of the American Journal of International Law, and International Law in Domestic Courts.

Benvenisti is a member of the Israeli Law Professors' Forum for Democracy, established in 2023 to respond to the Israeli government coalition's plans for changes in the legal system.
Ski jumping at the 1924 Winter Olympics
At the 1924 Winter Olympics, one individual ski jumping event was contested. It was held on Monday 4 February 1924.

The event was unusual in that the bronze medalist was not determined for fifty years. Thorleif Haug of Norway was awarded third place at the event's conclusion, but a clerical error in calculating Haug's score was discovered in 1974 by Jacob Vaage, who further determined Anders Haugen of the United States, who had finished fourth, had actually scored 0.095 points more than Haug. The International Olympic Committee verified this, and in Oslo in September 1974, Haug's daughter presented the medal to the 85-year-old Haugen.

Anders Haugen
Anders Olsen Haugen (October 24, 1888 – April 14, 1984) was a Norwegian-American ski jumper who won four national ski jumping championships. He competed in the 1924 Winter Olympics in Chamonix and the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz. Anders Haugen was the first and, as of 2026, only American to win an Olympic medal for ski jumping.
Governor Thomas Johnson Bridge
The Governor Thomas Johnson Memorial Bridge (also referred to as the Thomas Johnson Bridge and the Solomons Bridge) is a 1.37-mile (2.20 km) bridge in Maryland over the lower Patuxent River joining Calvert and St. Mary's counties.  The bridge, named for the first governor of Maryland, Thomas Johnson, saw construction start in 1972 and opened to traffic on December 17, 1977.

The bridge, carrying an average of 33,000 vehicles a day on Maryland Route 4 (MD 4), is one of two crossings of the Patuxent River in Southern Maryland (the other is the Benedict Bridge approximately 20 miles up river, where MD 231 connects Calvert County and Charles County).

The north end of the bridge, on the Calvert side, is located in Solomons.  Just prior to the bridge, MD 2-4 narrows from four lanes to two, and MD 2 exits the highway, passing under the bridge and heading toward downtown Solomons.  MD 4 continues onto the bridge itself and over the Patuxent River.

Naval Air Station Patuxent River
Naval Air Station Patuxent River (IATA: NHK, ICAO: KNHK, FAA LID: NHK), also known as NAS Pax River, is a United States naval air station in St. Mary’s County, Maryland on the Chesapeake Bay near the mouth of the Patuxent River.

It is home to Headquarters, Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR), the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School, the Atlantic Test Range, Patuxent River Naval Air Museum, and serves as a center for test and evaluation and systems acquisition relating to naval aviation. The station also operates a small outlying field, NOLF Webster.

Commissioned on April 1, 1943, on land largely acquired through eminent domain, the air station grew rapidly in response to World War II and continued to evolve through the Cold War to the present.
Chiarelli
Chiarelli (Italian: [kjaˈrɛlli]) is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernard Chiarelli (1934–2024), French footballer

Bob Chiarelli (born 1941), Canadian politician

Charly Chiarelli (born 1948), Canadian writer

Geno Chiarelli (born 1994), American politician

Gina Chiarelli, Canadian actress

Luigi Chiarelli (1880–1947), Italian playwright, theatre critic, and writer of short stories

Peter Chiarelli (disambiguation), two or more people

Raffaele Chiarelli (born 1990), Belgian footballer

Rick Chiarelli (born c. 1964), Canadian politician

Rita Chiarelli, Canadian singer

Rob Chiarelli (born 1963), American record producer

Talia Chiarelli (born 1995), Canadian gymnast

Bernard Chiarelli
Bernard Chiarelli (24 February 1934 – 17 November 2024) was a French footballer who played as midfielder. He was a member of the France side that finished third at the 1958 FIFA World Cup and won one cap, against Switzerland in 1958. Chiarelli died on 17 November 2024, at the age of 90.
Polysulfane
A polysulfane is a chemical compound of formula H2Sn, where n > 1 (although disulfane (H2S2) is sometimes excluded). Compounds containing 2 – 8 sulfur atoms have been isolated, longer chain compounds have been detected, but only in solution. H2S2 is colourless, higher members are yellow with the colour increasing with the sulfur content. In the chemical literature the term polysulfanes is sometimes used for compounds containing −(S)n−, e.g. organic polysulfanes R1−(S)n−R2.

Thiosulfate
Thiosulfate (IUPAC-recommended spelling; sometimes thiosulphate in British English) is an oxyanion of sulfur with the chemical formula S2O2−3. Thiosulfate also refers to the compounds containing this anion, which are the salts of thiosulfuric acid, such as sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) and ammonium thiosulfate ((NH4)2S2O3).  Thiosulfate salts occur naturally. Thiosulfate rapidly dechlorinates water, and is  used to halt bleaching in the paper-making industry. Thiosulfate salts are mainly used for dyeing in textiles, and bleaching of natural substances.
Hector Boece
Hector Boece (/ˈbɔɪs/; also spelled Boyce or Boise; 1465–1536), known in Latin as Hector Boecius or Boethius, was a Scottish philosopher and historian, and the first Principal of King's College in Aberdeen, a predecessor of the University of Aberdeen.

Ancient university governance in Scotland
The ancient university governance structure in Scotland is the organisational system imposed by a series of Acts of Parliament called the Universities (Scotland) Acts 1858 to 1966. The Acts applied to what were termed the 'older universities': the University of St Andrews, the University of Glasgow, the University of Aberdeen and the University of Edinburgh. Together these four universities are commonly referred to as the ancient universities of Scotland. Whilst the Acts do not directly apply to the University of Dundee (except insofar as section 13 of the Act of 1966 conferred a power to appoint, by Order in Council, the date for its independence from the University of St Andrews), the same governance structure was ordained for use by that institution in its royal charter.
Boutilier v. Immigration and Naturalization Service
Boutilier v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 387 U.S. 118 (1967), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld Clive Michael Boutilier's deportation from the United States under the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 due to his history of homosexual activities. The Act itself did not specify homosexuality among its exclusion criteria, but the Court held that Congress clearly intended that a homosexual individual be excluded from entry into the United States as one "afflicted with [a] psychopathic personality." The decision was abrogated by the Immigration Act of 1990, which rejected sexual orientation as a basis for excluding an individual from immigration.

Federal Reporter
The Federal Reporter (ISSN 1048-3888) is a case law reporter in the United States that is published by West Publishing and a part of the National Reporter System. It begins with cases decided in 1880; pre-1880 cases were later retroactively compiled by West Publishing into a separate reporter, Federal Cases. The fourth and current Federal Reporter series publishes decisions of the United States courts of appeals and the United States Court of Federal Claims; prior series had varying scopes that covered decisions of other federal courts as well. Though the Federal Reporter is an unofficial reporter and West is a private company that does not have a legal monopoly over the court opinions it publishes, it has so dominated the industry in the United States that legal professionals, including judges, uniformly cite to the Federal Reporter for included decisions.  Approximately 30 new volumes are published each year.
Nicola Brandt
Nicola Brandt  (born April 5, 1983, in Windhoek, Namibia) is a Namibian-German artist working at the intersection of memory studies, landscape, ecology, and feminist and queer theory. Much of her work uses the metaphor of place and landscape and centres around themes of power, desire, and destruction.

Brandt's artistic production takes the form of photographs and drawings, multi-channel videos, and installations. Brandt became known as a representative of a young generation of Namibian artists, especially through her new, critical approach to landscape and her decolonial examination of German colonial history and her memorial work. She advocates for intersectional solidarity and queer ecologies and has mentored several younger artists and students in related fields.

Memory studies
Memory studies is an academic field studying the use of memory as a tool for remembering the past. It emerged as a new and different way for scholars to think about past events at the end of the 20th century. Memory is the past made present and is a contemporary phenomenon, something that, while concerned with the past, happens in the present; and second, that memory is a form of work, working through, labor, or action.
1959 Transair Douglas Dakota accident
The Transair Douglas Dakota accident was an aircraft accident that occurred on 19 August 1959, when a Douglas Dakota operated by British airline Transair on a non-scheduled flight from Barcelona Airport in Spain to London-Gatwick Airport in the United Kingdom crashed in Spain. The aircraft, which was carrying 29 students home to England, had been chartered by the National Union of Students to conduct regular weekly flights between Gatwick and Barcelona. It was the first accident suffered by a Transair aircraft following the airline's formation in 1947.

National Union of Students (United Kingdom)
The National Union of Students (NUS) is a confederation of student unions across the United Kingdom. Approximately 600 student unions are affiliated, accounting for more than 95% of all higher and further education unions in the UK. Although the National Union of Students is the central organization for all affiliated unions in the UK, there are also the devolved national sub-bodies: NUS Scotland in Scotland, NUS Wales (UCM Cymru) in Wales and NUS-USI in Northern Ireland (the latter being jointly administered by Aontas na Mac Léinn in Éirinn).

NUS is a member of the European Students' Union.
German submarine U-3010
German submarine U-3010 was a Type XXI U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine.

Her keel was laid down on 13 July 1944 by DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen. She was commissioned  on 11 November 1944 with Oberleutnant zur See Eberhard Ebert in command. Ebert handed over to Fregattenkapitän Erich Topp (Knight's Cross) on 9 March 1945, who commanded the boat until 26 April 1945. U-3010 conducted no war patrols. On 3 May 1945, she was scuttled at Kiel to prevent her from falling into Allied hands. The wreck was subsequently broken up.

Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau
Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau Aktiengesellschaft (abbreviated Deschimag) was a cooperation of eight German shipyards in the period 1926 to 1945. The leading company was the shipyard AG Weser in Bremen.
Bunk Moreland
William "Bunk" Moreland is a fictional character in The Wire, played by Wendell Pierce. Bunk's character is based on a retired Baltimore detective named Oscar "The Bunk" Requer. He is portrayed as a generally competent, if profane and curmudgeonly detective. Like his best friend Jimmy McNulty, he also has problems related to infidelity and alcohol abuse, although he is more mindful than McNulty of the department's chain of command.

Command hierarchy
A command hierarchy or chain of command is a group of people who carry out orders based on others' authority within the group. Certain aspects of a command hierarchy tend to be similar, including rank, unity of command, and strict accountability. Command hierarchies are used in the military and other organizations. Systemic biases may arise in homogenous groups of command.
Vilna Governorate-General
Vilna Governorate-General (Russian: Виленское генерал-губернаторство, Lithuanian: Vilniaus generalgubernatorija), known as Lithuania Governorate-General (Russian: Литовское генерал-губернаторство, Lithuanian: Lietuvos generalgubernatorija) before 1830, was a Governorate-General of the Russian Empire from 1794 to 1912. It primarily encompassed the Vilna, Grodno, and Kovno Governorates. Governors General were also commanders of the Vilna Military District. According to the Russian Empire Census, the Governorate-General had 4,754,000 residents in 1897.

Vilna Military District
Vilna Military District (Russian: Ви́ленский вое́нный о́круг) was a military district of the Imperial Russian Army. The district was formed in 1862 as part of Russian military reforms and was responsible for parts of modern Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland. The district was disbanded at the beginning of the First World War in July 1914, and its headquarters were used to form another district farther to the rear.
Orta Mosque, Veria
The Orta Mosque (Greek: Ορτά Τζαμί, from the Turkish: Orta Camii, lit. 'Middle Mosque') is a former mosque in the city of Veria, in the Central Macedonia region of northern Greece. Completed in 1490 during the Ottoman era, the mosque was abandoned in 1912, following the Balkan Wars, and was subsequently repurposed for profane use.

Central Macedonia
Central Macedonia is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece, consisting the central part of the geographical and historical region of Macedonia. With a population of almost 1.8 million, it is the second most populous region in Greece after Attica. The capital and largest city of the region is Thessaloniki.
Lambert Folkers
Lambert Folkers (died 1761) was a baker and politician. He served as a member of the 1st General Assembly of Nova Scotia; Folkers was in Halifax, Nova Scotia, by 1750. In 1761, he married Elizabeth Shelfers, his second wife. He was buried on July 9, 1761.

1st General Assembly of Nova Scotia
The General Assembly of Nova Scotia was established by a proclamation of the Governor in Council on May 20, 1758.  A writ for the election of the 1st General Assembly of Nova Scotia was issued by May 22, returnable at the convening of the assembly on October 2, 1758.  The assembly held two sessions, and was dissolved on August 13, 1759.
Jonathan Alder High School
Jonathan Alder High School is an NCA accredited public high school located in Canaan Township, Ohio, with a Plain City address. It is the only high school in the Jonathan Alder Local School District. The school, as well as the district, are named after Jonathan Alder, the first white settler in Madison County.

Within Madison County the district includes that county's section of Plain City and Plumwood. In Union County the district includes the rest of Plain City and most of the New California census-designated place. In Franklin County the district includes a portion of Dublin.

The current building was first occupied in the 2005–2006 school year.  The original Jonathan Alder High School was built at 6440 Kilbury-Huber Rd., and was turned into a Junior High School when the new building was built.

Dublin, Ohio
Dublin is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio. A suburb of Columbus, it falls within the jurisdictions of Franklin, Delaware, Union, and Madison counties. The population was 49,328 at the 2020 census. The Dublin Irish Festival advertises itself as the largest three-day Irish festival in the world.
Svedberg
In chemistry, a Svedberg unit or svedberg (symbol S, sometimes Sv) is a non-SI metric unit for sedimentation coefficients. The Svedberg unit offers a measure of a particle's size indirectly based on its sedimentation rate under acceleration (i.e. how fast a particle of given size and shape settles out of suspension). The svedberg is a measure of time, defined as exactly 10−13 seconds (100 fs).

For biological macromolecules like ribosomes, the sedimentation rate is typically measured as the rate of travel in a centrifuge tube subjected to high g-force.

The svedberg (S) is distinct from the SI unit sievert or the non-SI unit sverdrup, which also use the symbol Sv, and to the SI unit Siemens which uses the symbol S too.

Macromolecule
A macromolecule is a "molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." Polymers are physical examples of macromolecules. Common macromolecules are biopolymers (nucleic acids, proteins, and carbohydrates), polyolefins (polyethylene) and polyamides (nylon).