hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bowen River (New Zealand)
The Bowen River is a river in northern Fiordland, New Zealand. The river originates near Mount Grave and is joined by many small streams on its way south through the valley. After close to 9 kilometres (6 mi), the river plunges from the hanging valley over the 162-metre (531 ft) Lady Bowen Falls and drains into the head of Milford Sound. The falls are named for Diamantina Bowen, wife of George Bowen, the fifth Governor of New Zealand.

As one of only two permanent waterfalls in Milford Sound, the falls provide electricity for the Milford Sound settlement by feeding a small hydroelectric scheme, and are also the water source for the settlement.

A track leading to the base of the falls was closed in 2003 due to rock falls and instability, but was partly re-opened in 2018 with the first section of the track now replaced by a short ride in a small boat from the Freshwater Basin Terminal in Milford.

George Bowen
Sir George Ferguson Bowen GCMG PC (Chinese: 寶雲; 2 November 1821 – 21 February 1899), was an Anglo-Irish author and colonial administrator whose appointments included postings to the Ionian Islands, Queensland, New Zealand, Victoria, Mauritius and Hong Kong.
Wiatrołuża Druga
Wiatrołuża Druga [vjatrɔˈwuʐa ˈdruɡa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szypliszki, within Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Lithuania.

Gmina Szypliszki
Gmina Szypliszki, is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, on the Lithuanian border. Its seat is the village of Szypliszki, which lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) north-east of Suwałki and 126 km (78 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.

The gmina covers an area of 156.55 square kilometres (60.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,008.
Germencik railway station
Germencik railway station (Turkish: Germencik istasyonu) is a railway station in Germencik, Turkey. It is located adjacent to the D.550 state highway, known as Atatürk Avenue within the town. TCDD Taşımacılık operates regional train service from İzmir and Söke to Nazilli, Isparta and Denizli, via Aydın.

Germencik station was built in 1866 by the Ottoman Railway Company as part of their railway from İzmir to Aydın. Germencik became a major center for the production of olive oil once the railway was built and exported it to the outside world via the station.

TCDD Transport
TCDD Transport or Turkish State Railways Transport (Turkish: TCDD Taşımacılık, reporting mark TCDDT) is a government-owned railway company responsible for the operations of most passenger and freight rail in Turkey. The company was formed on 14 June 2016, splitting off from Turkish State Railways (TCDD) to take over railway operations, while TCDD would continue to administer railway infrastructure. TCDD Taşımacılık officially began operations on 1 January 2017.

TCDD Taşımacılık operates trains on a network of over 12,430 km (7,720 mi) within 59 of the 81 provinces in Turkey.
Leutlwetse Tshireletso
Leutlwetse Tshireletso (born 25 August 1985) is a Motswana football coach and former player signed to Township Rollers as an assistant coach. He is a former Botswana international, having made seven appearances for the Zebras before his retirement in 2016.

Tshireletso began his playing career with Palapye-based side Motlakase Power Dynamos. After staying with the team for four years he would move to Lobatse with BMC before finally joining Township Rollers. Although he won the Botswana Premier League in his first season with the team, Tshireletso suffered from frequent injuries and was mostly used as a bench player. Following a knee injury which forced him into injury in 2016, Rollers appointed him as one of the three assistant managers alongside Thabo Motang and Mogomotsi Mpote. He remains in that post to this day and occasionally takes charge of the first team in the absence of the manager.

Lobatse
Lobatse is a town in south-eastern Botswana, 70 kilometres south of the capital Gaborone, situated in a valley running north towards Gaborone and on the border with South Africa. Lobatse has a population of 29,772 as of 2022. The town is an administrative district, with a town council.
Poole, Kentucky
Poole is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Webster and Henderson counties, Kentucky, United States. The community is on U.S. Route 41A, 15 miles (24 km) south of Henderson and 20 miles (32 km) north of Providence. The center of Poole is in northern Webster County, and the community extends north into southern Henderson County.

Henderson, Kentucky
Henderson is a home rule-class city along the Ohio River and the county seat of Henderson County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 29,781 at the 2020 U.S. census. It is part of the Evansville–Henderson, Indiana–Kentucky Combined Statistical Area, locally known as the "Tri-State Area," and is considered the southernmost suburb of Evansville, Indiana.
André (singer)
André Sergeyi Hovnanyan (Armenian: Անդրե Սերգեյի Հովնանյան; born July 8, 1979), better known by the mononym André (Armenian: Անդրե), is an Armenian singer. He was one of the most popular pop stars of Armenia during the mid-2000s, winning the Best Male Singer trophy at various Armenia Music Awards in 2004–2018.

Upon winning the musical contest "Road to Renaissance" at the age of fifteen, he laid the foundation of his professional career. While working for 5 years at the State Theater of Music, he pursued his education at the Yerevan State Conservatory of Music and obtained his PhD.

He has also been a judge in several television shows like Pop Idol, My name is…, Premiere and The X Factor. André also has his own reality show called Andrenaline.

Since 2005, André's producer is Anush Hovnanyan.

X Factor (Armenian TV series)
X-Factor (Armenian: Իքս-Ֆակտոր) is the Armenian adaptation of the British television music talent show The X Factor. It is a televised music talent show featuring aspiring pop singers who are selected through public auditions held in Armenia and among the Armenian diaspora. In its inaugural year, the show was broadcast on Shant TV, the same station that airs the Armenian Idol series Hay Superstar.
Gneiss Point
Gneiss Point (77°24′S 163°45′E﻿ / ﻿77.400°S 163.750°E﻿ / -77.400; 163.750) is a rocky point 2 nautical miles (4 km) north of Marble Point, on the coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was first mapped by the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910–13 under Robert Falcon Scott and so named because of gneissic granite found here.

Gneiss
Gneiss (/naɪs/ NYSE) is a common and widely distributed type of metamorphic rock. It is formed by high-temperature and high-pressure metamorphic processes acting on formations composed of igneous or sedimentary rocks. This rock is formed under pressures ranging from 2 to 15 kbar, sometimes even more, and temperatures over 300 °C (572 °F). Gneiss nearly always shows a banded texture characterized by alternating darker and lighter colored bands and without a distinct cleavage.

Gneisses are common in the ancient crust of continental shields. Some of the oldest rocks on Earth are gneisses, such as the Acasta Gneiss.
Vijay Vaishnavi
Vijay Kumar Vaishnavi is a noted researcher and scholar in the computer information systems field with contributions mainly in the areas of design science, software engineering, and data structures & algorithms, authoring over 150 publications including seven books in these and related areas, and co-owning a patent. He is currently Professor Emeritus at the Department of Computer Information Systems, Georgia State University. He is Senior Editor Emeritus of MIS Quarterly and is on the editorial boards of a number of other major journals. His research has been funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (through multiple multi-year research grants) as well as by the industry.

IIT Kanpur
The Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur or IITK) is a public institute of technology located in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. As an Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), it was declared an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India under the Institutes of Technology Act. As of January 2025, at least 18 Padma Shri, 4 Padma Bhushan, 1 Padma Vibhushan, and 33 Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize recipients have been affiliated with IIT Kanpur as alumni or faculty members.
Kambilikandam
Kambilikandam is a village in Idukki district, Kerala state, India. Located 16 km from Adimaly, 30 km from Kattappana, 32 km from Munnar, 14 km from Thopramkudy   and 27 km from Nedumkandam.

Most of the residents are farmers. There are so many attractive places nearby Kambilikandam. Also the place acts as the shortest connecting destination among various places of Idukki district for it is located almost at the center of the district. The place is situated in Konnathady Grama Panchayath of Idukki Thaluk.

There are two post offices in this area one is Mukkudam(685562) and the other one is Parathode-Idukki(685571). There is a post office in Manguva also.

Archaeological findings suggests of a clan based society in the Megalithic period in the High Ranges of Idukki district. Earthen burials were found at several places including Kambilikandam. Thellithodu is located near to it.

Thopramkudy
Thopramkudy (alternately spelled Thoprankudy) is a village in Vathikudy Gram panchayat, in Idukki Taluk located in Idukki district in the State of Kerala in South India. Spread over an area of 27.94 km2 (10.79 sq mi), it is one of the spices market in the state of Kerala. The town has a tropical climate with temperatures ranging from highs of 34.4 °C (93.9 °F) in the summer to a low of 16 °C (61 °F) in the winter, with a healthy rainfall of 3,040 mm (120 in). State Highway 40 (Kerala) and State Highway 42 (Kerala) and a new highway Kalvary Mount-Munnar is passing through Thopramkudy. The hamlet is mentioned in the 2009 Malayalam movie Loudspeaker
Meri Jeevan Yatra
Meri Jeevan Yatra (मेरी जीवन यात्रा), also known as My Journey Through Life is an autobiography of scholar, and polyglot Rahul Sankrityayan. Sankrityayan was fluent in many languages and dialects, including Hindi, Sanskrit, Pali, Bhojpuri, Magahi, Urdu, Persian, Arabic, Tamil, Kannada, Tibetan, Sinhalese, French and Russian. He was an Indologist, a Marxist theoretician, and a creative writer. Meri Jeevan Yatra was first published in 1944. The book describes his life, including his childhood, his life journey, and his professional experiences.

Scholar
A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researcher at a university. An academic usually holds an advanced degree or a terminal degree, such as a master's degree or a doctorate. Independent scholars and public intellectuals work outside the academy yet may publish in academic journals and participate in scholarly public discussion.
Zonderwater Prison
Zonderwater Prison, also known as Zonderwater Correctional Services, is a prison in Cullinan, 10 km outside Rayton in Gauteng, South Africa. It is managed by the South African Department of Correctional Services. Some of South Africa's most notorious prisoners in history were held here.

During World War II, Zonderwater housed tens of thousands of Italian POWs. These prisoners were actively engaged in cultural, sports, and manufacturing activities to maintain morale.

Some people detained here include:

Dimitri Tsafendas, murderer who stabbed Hendrik Verwoerd to death on 6 September 1966;

André Stander, South African police officer and a bank robber;

Two members of the so-called Waterkloof Four;

Members of the Boeremag.

Cullinan, South Africa
Cullinan is a small town in the Gauteng province of South Africa. It is located 30 km (19 mi) east of the city of Pretoria along the diamond route and is heavily reliant on tourism and the mine that dominates the skyline. The town is named after diamond magnate Sir Thomas Cullinan.
Mats Bergström
Mats Johan Bergström (7 March 1961) is a Swedish guitarist and composer principally focused in the genre of chamber music.

Borne in Gävle, Sweden, he received his MFA from the Royal College of Music, Stockholm in 1982, and did post-graduate study at the Juilliard School, 1990–92. He made his debut in 1983 at Wigmore Hall in London and has since been a freelance soloist, accompanist and ensemble musician.

Bergström has collaborated with such artists as  Mikael Samuelson, Steve Reich, Edda Magnason, Göran Söllscher, and Malena Ernman, among others. He played acoustic guitar on the Douce France album of Swedish mezzo-soprano Anne Sofie von Otter, which won the 2015 Grammy Award for Best Classical Solo Vocal Album.

Wigmore Hall
The Wigmore Hall is a concert hall at 36 Wigmore Street, in west London. It was designed by Thomas Edward Collcutt and opened in 1901 as the Bechstein Hall; it is considered to have particularly good acoustics. It specialises in performances of chamber music, early music, vocal music and song recitals, and hosts over five hundred concerts each year, as well as a weekly concert broadcast on BBC Radio 3. It has been a Grade II listed building since 1966.
Erkan
Erkan is a common Turkish given name. It is composed of "Er" and "Kan". In Turkish "Er" means "Male", "Brave", "Valiant"  and "Kan" means "Blood", "Lineage". Thus, "Erkan" means "a brave male with valiant lineage".

Erkan Can (born 1958), Turkish actor

Erkan Mumcu (born 1963), Turkish politician

Erkan Zengin (born 1985), Turkish-Swedish footballer

Erkan Yolaç (1935–2024), Turkish TV host and presenter

Erkan Petekkaya (born 1970), Turkish actor

Erkan Kolçak Köstendil (born 1983), Turkish actor

Erkan Oğur (born 1954), Turkish musician

Erkan Mustafa (born 1970), British-Turkish actor

Erkan Özbey (born 1978), Turkish footballer

Erkan Öztürk (born 1983), German-Turkish footballer

Erkan Sağlık (born 1985), Turkish footballer

Erkan Taşkıran (born 1985), Turkish footballer

Erkan Veyseloğlu (born 1983), Turkish basketball player

Erkan Kaş (born 1991), Turkish footballer

Erkan Sulejmani (born 1981), Kosovo-Albanian footballer

Erkan Petekkaya
Erkan Petekkaya (Turkish pronunciation: [Erkan petekkaya]; born 11 December 1971) is a Turkish actor.

He has starred in several television drama series including Beyaz Gelincik ("White Poppies") (2005–07), Sessiz Fırtına ("Silent Storm") (2007–08) Öyle Bir Geçer Zaman ki ("As Time Goes By") (2010–12), Dila Hanım ("Lady Dila") (2012–14), and Paramparça ("Broken Pieces") (2014–17).
Vaiano
Vaiano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Prato in the region of Tuscany in Italy. It is located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Florence and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) north of Prato. It has 9,912 inhabitants.

Province of Prato
The province of Prato (Italian: provincia di Prato) is one of the 80 ordinary provinces in Italy. Situated in the region of Tuscany, its capital and largest city is Prato. It was carved out as a separate province from the province of Florence in 1992.

Spread over an area of 365.72 km2 (141.21 sq mi), it is the smallest province by land area in Tuscany. It is bordered by Pistoia province, and the metropolitan cities of Bologna and Florence. The province is home to about 0.26 million people. There are seven comuni (municipalities) in the province.
Yeo Jin-goo filmography
Yeo Jin-goo is a South Korean actor. Yeo began his career as child actor, debuting in the film Sad Movie (2005). Nicknamed "Nation's Little Brother", he went on to play the younger version of the lead roles in movies and television dramas such as A Frozen Flower (2008), Giant (2010), Moon Embracing the Sun (2012), and Missing You (2012). He is known for playing the title character in action thriller Hwayi: A Monster Boy (2013), for which he won Best New Actor at the Blue Dragon Film Awards.

Since then, he has taken on lead roles in the films Shoot Me in the Heart (2015), The Long Way Home (2015), and Warriors of the Dawn (2017). He has also starred in the dramas Orange Marmalade (2015), The Royal Gambler (2016), Circle (2017), Reunited Worlds (2017), The Crowned Clown (2019), My Absolute Boyfriend (2019), Hotel Del Luna (2019), and Beyond Evil (2021).

The Long Way Home (2015 film)
The Long Way Home (Korean: 서부전선; RR: Seobujeonseon; lit. 'Western Front') is a 2015 South Korean period war comedy film written and directed by Cheon Sung-il, about the friendship between a South Korean and a North Korean soldier during the Korean War.
Good Game: Spawn Point
Good Game: Spawn Point (also known as Good Game SP, GG:SP, or simply Spawn Point) is an Australian video game review programme.

It is a spin-off (also described as a "sister program") of the original Good Game that only carries reviews of games ACB-rated as G or PG, and professes to be "For young gamers, by gamers". It debuted on ABC Entertains (then known as ABC3) on 20 February 2010. Spawn Point was originally hosted by Steven "Bajo" O'Donnell and Stephanie "Hex" Bendixsen from 2010 to 2016, when the latter departed; the former departed the following year. Later hosts included Gus Ronald, Angharad Yeo, Gemma Driscoll, William Yates, and Harry Jun. The series moved to ABC Family on 23 August 2024.

ABC Entertains
ABC Entertains is an Australian free-to-air television channel owned by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Its precursor, ABC Me, was launched on 4 December 2009 as ABC3, featuring programming aimed at primary school children. After a rebranding to ABC Entertains on 3 June 2024, the channel now focuses on general entertainment programming for mature audiences and older children (also airing on ABC Family).
2002 Bangladeshi presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Bangladesh on 5 September 2002, after the resignation of the previous president A. Q. M. Badruddoza Chowdhury. The Election Commission declared Iajuddin Ahmed as the President after nomination papers of two other candidates were found to be invalid. Iajuddin Ahmed took his oath as president on 6 September 2002.

A. Q. M. Badruddoza Chowdhury
Abdul Qasim Mohammad Badruddoza Chowdhury (11 October 1930 – 5 October 2024)  was a Bangladeshi politician who served as the president of Bangladesh from 14 November 2001 until his dismissal on 21 June 2002. He was the founding secretary-general of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP).

Chowdhury was also a physician, cultural activist, author, essayist, playwright, television presenter, and an orator of distinction. He was awarded the National Television Award in 1976.
2013–14 National Premier League
The 2013–14 Red Stripe Premier League was the highest competitive football league in Jamaica. It was the 40th edition of the competition. The season began on September 15 and ended in May 19.  The teams played each other 3 times each, after which the top eight teams entered a knock-out playoff to decide the champions. Harbour View were the defending champions, having won their fourth Jamaican championship the previous season.

Jamaica Premier League
The Jamaica Premier League (formerly the National Premier League), commonly abbreviated as JPL and officially known as the Wray and Nephew Jamaica Premier League for sponsorship reasons, is sanctioned by the Jamaican Football Federation as the top division for men's association football in Jamaica. Contested between 14 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the JFF Championship. Most games are played on Sunday afternoons and Monday evenings (Monday Night Football).
Edmund Bury
Edmond William Bury (4 November 1884 – 5 December 1915) was a British rackets player who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics.

He won the silver medal in the men's doubles competition together with Cecil Browning. In the men's singles event he did not participate.

Bury was killed in action, aged 31, during the First World War, serving as a captain with the King's Royal Rifle Corps near Fleurbaix. He was buried in the Rue-Petillon Military Cemetery nearby.

Rackets at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's singles
The men's singles competition was one of two rackets events held as part of the Rackets at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme. Nations could enter up to 12 players, though only Great Britain competed and with a total of 6 players.
Carraro
Carraro is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aldana Carraro (1994–2015), Argentine female artistic gymnast

Daniela Carraro (born 1985), Brazilian sports shooter

Elena Carraro (born 2001), Italian hurdler

Emanuela Setti Carraro (1950–1982), Italian nurse and wife of General Carlo Alberto dalla Chiesa

Federico Carraro (born 1992), Italian footballer

Flavio Roberto Carraro (1932–2022), Italian Roman Catholic prelate

Franco Carraro (1939), Italian sport manager and politician

Giuseppe Carraro (1899–1980), Italian Roman Catholic prelate

Marco Carraro (born 1998), Italian footballer

Martina Carraro (born 1993), Italian swimmer

Massimo Carraro (born 1959), Italian university professor, entrepreneur and politician

Tino Carraro (1910–1995), Italian actor

Carlo Alberto dalla Chiesa
General Carlo Alberto dalla Chiesa OMRI OMI SMOM OESSH (Italian pronunciation: [ˈkarlo alˈbɛrto dalla ˈkjɛːza]; 27 September 1920 – 3 September 1982) was an Italian Carabinieri general, notable for campaigning against terrorism during the Years of lead. He was assassinated in the Via Carini massacre by the Sicilian Mafia in Palermo.
Jash (term)
Jash (Kurdish: جاش, Caş; from جەحش, Cehş; meaning 'donkey foal') is a Kurdish term for a traitor, or a collaborator. It refers to Kurds who are either fully loyal to the enemy, or cooperate with the enemy against the Kurdish nation, Kurdish militant groups, or Kurdish political interests. The term is considered derogatory in a cultural sense, in much the same way as the use of the term quisling in the Western world.

The National Defense Battalions, the Village Guards, and the Muslim Peshmerga are considered "jash" by some Kurds.

Donkey
The donkey or ass is a domesticated equine. It derives from the African wild ass, Equus africanus, and may be classified either as a subspecies thereof, Equus africanus asinus, or as a separate species, Equus asinus.: 1  It was domesticated in Africa some 5000–7000 years ago,: 2 : 3715  and has been used mainly as a working animal since that time.

There are more than 40 million donkeys in the world, mostly in underdeveloped countries, where they are used principally as draught or pack animals. While working donkeys are often associated with those living at or below subsistence, small numbers of donkeys or asses are kept for breeding, as pets, and for livestock protection in developed countries.

An adult male donkey is a jack or jackass, an adult female is a jenny or jennet, and an immature donkey of either sex is a foal. Jacks are often mated with female horses (mares) to produce mules; the less common hybrid of a male horse (stallion) and jenny is a hinny.
2024 WAFU Zone A U-20 Women's Cup
The 2024 WAFU Zone A U-20 Women's Cup is the 2nd edition of the WAFU Zone A U20 Women's Cup, the international women's youth football championship contested by the under-20 national teams of the member associations of the West African Football Union Zone A, The tournament is set to take place in Senegal from 20 to 30 May 2024.

Senegal are the title holders, having won last year's inaugural edition.

WAFU Zone A U20 Women's Cup
The WAFU Zone A U20 Women's Cup is a women's association football competition contested by national teams of  Zone A West African Football Union.

The first edition  will take place from   May 24 to  June 4, 2023, in Bo  with four teams .