hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flat Woods, Tennessee
Flat Woods (also Flatwoods or Flatwoods Junction, formerly Whitaker's Bluff) is an unincorporated community in Perry County, Tennessee, United States. Originally known as Whitaker's Bluff, the name was changed to Flatwoods in 1871.  It lies along State Route 13 south of the town of Linden, the county seat of Perry County.  Its elevation is 676 feet (206 m).

The Dr. Richard Calvin Bromley House or Bromley Hotel in Flat Woods is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built between 1909 and 1911, it housed the residence and medical office of Dr. Richard Bromley, and was later enlarged to provide accommodations for hunters and other travelers.

In 1957, filming for the movie Natchez Trace took place in Flat Woods. The film was a fictional account of the life of John Murrell, a bandit and slave trader who operated in the region in the early 1800s, and is now believed lost.

John Murrell (bandit)
John Andrews Murrell (c. 1806 – November 21, 1844), known as "John A. Murrell", with his surname sometimes spelled as "Murel" or "Murrel", and called the "Great Western Land Pirate", was a 19th-century bandit and criminal operating along the Natchez Trace and Mississippi River, in the southern United States. His exploits were widely known at the time, and he became a noted figure in 20th-century fiction.

He was first convicted as a youth for the crime of horse theft. He was branded with an "HT", flogged, and sentenced to six years in prison. He was released in 1829. Murrell was convicted the second and last time for the crime of slave stealing, in the Circuit Court of Madison County, Tennessee. He was incarcerated in the Tennessee State Penitentiary in Nashville from 1834 to 1844.
Pakualaman
The Principality of Pakualaman (also written Paku Alaman; Dutch-spelling: Pakoe-alaman) is a minor Javanese princely state within the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. It was created in 1812 when Natakusuma (later Prince Paku Alam I) was rewarded for helping the British quell the conflict in Yogyakarta in June 1812. It became the mirror image of Mangkunegaran in the territory of the Surakarta Sunanate.

A Pakualaman Corps of 100 cavalry (later 50 cavalry and 100 infantry) was established, but was never to become as significant as the Mangkunegaran Legion, and disbanded in 1892. Due to Paku Alam VIII's role in the Indonesian independence movement, a law was passed to allow the position of vice-governor of the Yogyakarta Special Region to be filled hereditarily by the reigning Prince Paku Alam at any particular time, while the Sultans of Yogyakarta fills the role of Governor on a hereditary basis.

Legiun Mangkunegaran
Legiun Mangkunegaran was an Army corps in Java, Indonesia. It originated in 1757 as the court army of Prince Sambernyawa of Mangkunegaran. After colonisation of Java by the Netherlands it was reorganised by Herman Willem Daendels and Mangkunegara II as part of the Dutch forces, but with Javanese commanders.
Cosmonova
Cosmonova is an IMAX Dome cinema and planetarium located in an annex of the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm, Sweden. Cosmonova premiered over three nights starting on 13 October 1992, with the first public showing on 16 October. It was the first ever dedicated IMAX installation in Sweden (and third in the Nordic countries after Tietomaa Science Centre in Oulu, Finland and Tycho Brahe Planetarium in Copenhagen, Denmark) and is also the largest planetarium in Sweden.

Tietomaa
Tietomaa (knowledge land) is a science centre in Oulu, Finland. It is located in Myllytulli district near the city centre. It is the first science centre in Finland and it was opened to the public on 29 June 1988.

Tietomaa is located in old buildings of the Veljekset Åström Oy, a former leather processing factory. The main exhibitions are located in the former power station. Tietomaa's 45-metre (148 ft) observation tower with a glass elevator outside the tower is a former water tower of the factory. Tietomaa also features a giant movie theatre, which at its opening was the first-ever purpose-built IMAX theatre in Finland and in the Nordic Countries. The IMAX system was replaced with a Barco 4K system in 2013.
Mordaunt baronets
The Mordaunt Baronetcy, of Massingham Parva in the County of Norfolk, is a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 29 June 1611 for Lestrange Mordaunt, who had earlier distinguished himself in the Wars of the Low Countries during the reign of Elizabeth I. The fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth Baronets all represented Warwickshire in the House of Commons. The ninth and tenth Baronets sat as Members of Parliament for Warwickshire South.

In addition to the Massingham seat, the Mordaunts acquired Walton Hall, Warwickshire, near Wellesbourne, Warwickshire by the marriage in 1541 of Robert Mordaunt to Barbara Lestrange, heiress of Walton.

The family surname is pronounced "Mordant". Massingham Parva is now known as Little Massingham.

South Warwickshire (UK Parliament constituency)
South Warwickshire was a parliamentary constituency in the county of Warwickshire in England.  It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.
Aral Formation
The Aral Formation is a geologic formation in Kazakhstan. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period. Much of its fossils consist of Glires and fish, though cetaceans and cryptobranchid salamanders are also known.

Giant salamander
The Cryptobranchidae (commonly known as giant salamanders) are a family of large salamanders that are fully aquatic. The family includes some of the largest living amphibians. They are native to China, Japan, and the eastern United States. Giant salamanders constitute one of two living families—the other being the Asiatic salamanders belonging to the family Hynobiidae—within the Cryptobranchoidea, one of two main divisions of living salamanders.

The largest species are in the genus Andrias, native to east Asia. The South China giant salamander (Andrias sligoi) can reach a length of 1.8 m (5.9 ft). The Japanese giant salamander (Andrias japonicus) reaches up to 1.44 m (4.7 ft) in length, feeds at night on fish and crustaceans, and has been known to live for more than 50 years in captivity.

The hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) inhabits the eastern United States and is the only member of the genus Cryptobranchus.
Mingary Castle
Mingary Castle (Scottish Gaelic: Caisteal Mhìogharraidh), also known as Mingarry Castle, is a castle situated one mile (1.5 kilometres) southeast of the small village of Kilchoan in Lochaber, Scotland. Nestled on ridge of rock overlooking the sea, it was considered a strategically important site in terms of communication with overseas areas and as an entranceway to the Sound of Mull. Mingary is roughly hexagonal in shape with nine-foot-thick walls, thicker on the seaward side. The remains of the castle are protected as a category A listed building.

Hexagon
In geometry, a hexagon (from Greek ἕξ, hex, meaning "six", and γωνία, gonía, meaning "corner, angle") is a six-sided polygon. The total of the internal angles of any simple (non-self-intersecting) hexagon is 720°.
Income Computation and Disclosure Standards
Income Computation and Disclosure Standards (ICDS) were issued by the Government of India in exercise of powers conferred to it under section 145(2) of The Income Tax Act, 1961.

The Ministry of Finance published 14 draft ICDS, out of which 10 ICDS were notified by the government on 31 March 2015. The government specified a deferment of one year from the date of implementation of these standards; the notified ICDS will be applicable from the financial year 2016-17.

ICDS were issued with the aim of bringing uniformity in accounting policies governing computation of income in accordance with tax related provisions, and also reducing the irregularities amongst them. The ICDS were developed using Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAPs) with assistance from the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

The Form 3CD (Tax Audit Report) is already been revised for making mandatory disclosures in compliance with ICDS.

Ministry of Finance (India)
The Ministry of Finance (IAST: Vitta Mantrālaya) is a ministry of the Government of India concerned with the economy of India, serving as the Treasury of India. In particular, it concerns itself with taxation, financial legislation, financial institutions, capital markets, currency regulation, banking service, centre and state finances, and the Union Budget.

The Ministry of Finance is the apex controlling authority of four central civil services namely Indian Revenue Service, Indian Audit and Accounts Service, Indian Economic Service and Indian Civil Accounts Service. It is also the apex controlling authority of one of the central commerce services namely Indian Cost and Management Accounts Service.
Dunne Foxe Island
Dunne Foxe Island is one of the Canadian arctic islands in Nunavut, Canada within western Hudson Bay. The hamlet of Whale Cove is 25 km (16 mi) to the west.

The island was named on July 30, 1631, by Arctic explorer, Captain Luke Foxe.

Arctic exploration
Arctic exploration is the physical exploration of the Arctic region of the Earth. It refers to the historical period during which mankind has explored the region north of the Arctic Circle. Historical records suggest that humankind have explored the northern extremes since 325 BC, when the ancient Greek sailor Pytheas reached a frozen sea while attempting to find a source of the metal tin. Dangerous oceans and poor weather conditions often fetter explorers attempting to reach polar regions, and journeying through these perils by sight, boat, and foot has proven difficult.
Marbella Parapente
Marbella Parapente SL (English: Marbella Paragliders) was a Spanish aircraft manufacturer based in Málaga and founded by Pierre Aubert. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of paramotors in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules and the European microlight category.

The company seems to have been founded before 1998 and gone out of business in March 2005.

The company was a Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada, a Spanish limited liability company.

Marbella Parapente produced the PAP family of paramotors that were noted for such details as incorporating the reserve parachute within the frame structure.

PAP series paramotors were flown to first-place finishes in the world championships in 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004.

Pilot Ramon Morillas set a world record in June 1998, flying a PAP paramotor across Spain from the southwest to the northeast over a distance of 644 km (400 mi) covered in about 11.5 hours.

Ultralight aircraft in the United States
Ultralight aircraft in the United States   are not considered to be light-sport aircraft, are not regulated as aircraft, and are exempt from aircraft rules by the FAA. Instead, they are treated as powersport items and have to follow their own ruleset, FAR-103, which is the most compact aviation regulation in existence.

While ultralights in other countries might have airworthiness certificates, an airworthiness certificate is not allowed for an ultralight vehicle in the USA. Any existing airworthiness certificate has to be surrendered to the issueing agency, including foreign agencies, before usage as an ultralight vehicle becomes legal. The FAA emphasizes that airworthiness and compliance with FAR-103 is the responsibility of the user during every flight.

In the United States, ultralights are not registered, nor is the pilot required to have a pilot's certificate.
The Kids Will Know It's Bullshit
The Kids Will Know It's Bullshit is the second studio album by Australian rock band Dune Rats. It was released on 20 January 2017 by Ratbag Records and Dine Alone Records. It was produced by Zac Carper of American punk band FIDLAR. It debuted at number one on the ARIA Albums Chart in February 2017, which was achieved after heavy touring across Australia, including at the Laneway Festival.

The album was preceded by the release of the songs "Bullshit" and "Scott Green" in 2016, which were voted into the Triple J Hottest 100, 2016 at 33 and 34, respectively. In 2017, the songs Braindead and 6 Pack were voted into the Triple J Hottest 100, 2017 at 75 and 55 respectively. An interactive music video was also made for "Scott Green".

The title came from Courtney Taylor-Taylor, frontman of The Dandy Warhols, who told Dune Rats after the two bands played together in the United States: "Y'know, you've gotta write your own record ... or the kids will know it's bullshit."

Courtney Taylor-Taylor
Courtney A. Taylor (born July 20, 1967), known as Courtney Taylor-Taylor, is an American singer-songwriter from Portland, Oregon. He is the lead singer and guitarist of alternative rock band the Dandy Warhols, a band he co-founded. Taylor-Taylor has written the majority of the band's songs.

Taylor-Taylor has written a graphic novel entitled One Model Nation, about a fictional 1970s German krautrock band. It was released in 2009. This was accompanied by a studio album titled Totalwerks, Vol. 1 (1969–1977), a fake greatest hits album by the fictional band, released in 2012.
The Masque of the Red Death (1964 film)
The Masque of the Red Death is a 1964 horror film directed by Roger Corman and starring Vincent Price. The story follows a prince who terrorizes a plague-ridden peasantry while merrymaking in a lonely castle with his jaded courtiers. The screenplay, written by Charles Beaumont and R. Wright Campbell, was based upon the 1842 short story of the same name by American author Edgar Allan Poe, and incorporates a subplot based on another Poe tale, "Hop-Frog". Another subplot is drawn from Torture by Hope by Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam.

It is the seventh of a series of eight Corman film adaptations largely based on Edgar Allan Poe's works made by American International Pictures.

Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam
Jean-Marie-Mathias-Philippe-Auguste, comte de Villiers de l'Isle-Adam (7 November 1838 – 19 August 1889) was a French symbolist writer. His family called him Mathias while his friends called him Villiers; he would also use the name Auguste when publishing some of his books.
Gerry Monroe
Gerry Monroe (20 January 1933 – October 1989) was an English pop singer, who enjoyed brief popularity in the early 1970s.

Born Henry Morris in South Shields, County Durham, England, Monroe scored five Top 40 hits on the UK Singles Chart in 1970-71.  A former colliery worker, he was spotted on Hughie Green's Opportunity Knocks TV show by Les Reed, who signed him to a long-term deal with Chapter One Records. He had a high and distinctive falsetto voice, and managed to notch up chart hits for the Chapter One label, including "Sally", a song first made popular by Gracie Fields in the 1930s. Monroe's version was co-produced and co-arranged by Reed. In 1997 an album, Sally: Pride of Our Alley, was released on compact disc on the Gold Dust label. Monroe also recorded a tribute to Bobby Charlton in 1973, following the footballer's retirement, called "Goodbye Bobby Boy".

Monroe died in October 1989 at the age of 56.

Les Reed (songwriter)
Leslie David Reed OBE (24 July 1935 – 15 April 2019) was an English songwriter, arranger, musician and light-orchestra leader. His major songwriting partners were Gordon Mills, Barry Mason, and Geoff Stephens, although he wrote songs with many others such as Roger Greenaway, Roger Cook, Peter Callander, and Johnny Worth.

Reed co-wrote around sixty charting songs, and is best known for "It's Not Unusual", "Delilah", "The Last Waltz", "Kiss Me Goodbye," "There's a Kind of Hush," and "Marching On Together". His songs gained a number of Gold discs and Ivor Novello Awards. AllMusic noted that "In the mid-1960s, it was unusual for a British singles chart not to list a Les Reed song". He won the British Academy Gold Badge of Merit in 1982.
Fred Kijek
Bronislaus "Fred" Kijek (1919-1986) was a Grey Cup champion and All-Star fullback in the early days of Canadian football. He was also an excellent punter and flying wing.

The son of Joseph Kijek and Mary Buita, Kijek was a well traveled football player. During World War II he played with his hometown Hamilton Tigers, the Toronto Argonauts (playing five regular season and two playoff games), the Toronto RCAF Hurricanes (with whom he won his first Grey Cup), and the Camp Borden RCAF Fliers. He played for the Toronto Indians for a couple of seasons, then joined the inaugural Montreal Alouettes team in 1946. He won his second Grey Cup with them in 1949, his "terrific" punting being a key to victory. He returned home for his final two seasons with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats.

Kijek was twice an Ontario Rugby Football Union all star. He died on March 21, 1986.

Ontario Rugby Football Union
The Ontario Rugby Football Union (ORFU) was an early amateur Canadian football league comprising teams in the Canadian province of Ontario. The ORFU was founded on Saturday, January 6, 1883, and in 1903 it became the first major competition to adopt the Burnside rules, from which the modern Canadian football code would evolve. The ORFU converted from a senior level to an intermediate level league after 1960, and had ceased to exist by 1974. The ORFU operated a league competition for junior teams, from 1890 to 1970.
1938 French Championships – Women's singles
First-seeded Simonne Mathieu defeated Nelly Adamson 6–0, 6–3 in the final to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1938 French Championships. Hilde Sperling was the three-time defending champion, but did not compete this year.

Hilde Krahwinkel Sperling
Hildegard Krahwinkel Sperling (née Krahwinkel; 26 March 1908 – 7 March 1981) was a German-Danish tennis player. She won three consecutive singles titles at the French Championships from 1935 to 1937. Krahwinkel Sperling is generally regarded as the second-greatest female German tennis player in history, behind Steffi Graf. Sperling played a counterpunching game, predicated on speed, and wore down opponents. Helen Jacobs once wrote that Sperling was the third-best player she ever played, behind Helen Wills Moody and Suzanne Lenglen.

She became a dual-citizen after marrying a Dane, Svend Sperling, in December 1933.
Joey Amalfitano
John Joseph Amalfitano (born January 23, 1934) is an American former utility infielder, manager and coach in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played a combined ten seasons with the New York and San Francisco Giants (1954–55; 1960–61; 1963), Houston Colt .45s (1962) and Chicago Cubs (1964–67), and managed the Cubs from 1979–81.

Amalfitano was the Los Angeles Dodgers' third-base coach for sixteen years (1983–98), which included the 1988 World Series championship. After serving as a special assistant for player development for the Giants, primarily working in the club's farm system, the team announced in January 2021 that Amalfitano would retire just shy of his 87th birthday on January 23 after 30 years and five different terms.

Utility player
In sports, a utility player is one who can play several positions competently. Sports in which the term is often used include association football, basketball, rugby, baseball, softball, ice hockey, and water polo.

The term has gained prominence in all sports due to its use in fantasy leagues, but in rugby union and rugby league, it is commonly used by commentators to recognize a player's versatility.

The use of this term to describe a player may in some circumstances be a backhanded compliment, as it suggests the player is not good enough to be considered a specialist in one position (i.e., a jack of all trades).
2012–13 Logan Cup
The 2012–13 Logan Cup was a first-class cricket competition held in Zimbabwe from 30 September 2012 to 7 March 2013. The tournament was won by the Matabeleland Tuskers, who claimed their third consecutive title. The format of the competition was unchanged from the previous season, with five sides playing each other twice in a round-robin format.

Richmond Mutumbami of the Southern Rocks finished the competition as the leading run-scorer, accumulating 686 runs. The leading wicket-taker was Ed Rainsford of the Mid West Rhinos, who took 38 wickets.

Richmond Mutumbami
Richmond Mutumbami (born 11 June 1989) is a Zimbabwean cricketer. A wicket-keeper batsman, Mutumbami made his first-class debut as a 17-year-old against Southerns in April 2007. Six years later, in April 2013, he made his international debut in a Test match against Bangladesh. He made his Twenty20 International debut against Pakistan in May 2015.
DevPartner
DevPartner is a set of software development and testing tools developed by NuMega, acquired by Compuware in 1997, which on June 1, 2009 sold it to Micro Focus.  There are two versions: one for native and .NET Windows applications, and another for Java applications.  It is currently sold by Micro Focus.

Compuware
Compuware was an American software company based in Detroit. The company developed enterprise software primarily for mainframe computing environments and provided related  services, including software testing, development, and performance management.

The company ceased to operate as an independent entity in 2020 following its acquisition by BMC Software.
Castelo de Paiva
Castelo de Paiva (Portuguese pronunciation: [kɐʃˈtɛlu ðɨ ˈpajvɐ] ⓘ) is a town and a municipality of the Aveiro District in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 16,733, in an area of 115.01 km2.

On 4 March 2001 at 9 pm, a 116-year-old metal bridge linking the parish/council of Sobrado (a.k.a. Castelo de Paiva) and Entre-os-Rios (a bridge connecting Castelo de Paiva to Penafiel) collapsed, killing 59 people, including those in a bus from the Asadouro company and three cars that were attempting to get to the other side of the Douro river. The Hintze Ribeiro Bridge disaster prompted accusations of government negligence, and the Public Works minister Jorge Coelho resigned shortly after the disaster. There is a monument near the bridge in honour of the people who died, known as the "Anjo de Portugal" (The Angel of Portugal).

The Mayor is Gonçalo Rocha, elected by the Socialist Party (PS). His term goes until 2021.

The municipal holiday is 24 June, Saint John's day.

Saint John's Eve
Saint John's Eve, starting at sunset on 23 June, is the eve of the feast day of Saint John the Baptist. It is one of only two feast days marking a saint's earthly birth (the other being the nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary on 8 September); all other saint’s days mark their deaths (dies natalis, their “birth” into Heaven), or some other important event. The Gospel of Luke (Luke 1:26–37, 56–57) states that John was born six months before Jesus; thus, the feast of John the Baptist’s birth was fixed on 24 June, six months before Christmas. In the Roman calendar, 24 June was the date of the summer solstice, and Saint John's Eve is closely associated with Midsummer festivities in Europe. Traditions are similar to those of May Day, and include bonfires (Saint John's fires), feasting, processions, church services, and gathering wild plants.
Thekla Resvoll
Thekla Susanne Ragnhild Resvoll (22 May 1871 – 14 June 1948) was a Norwegian botanist and educator. She was a pioneer in Norwegian natural history education and nature conservation together with her sister, Hanna Resvoll-Holmsen.

Rubus chamaemorus
Rubus chamaemorus (also known as cloudberry) is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae.

A herbaceous perennial, it produces amber-colored, edible fruit similar in structure to the blackberry. It is native to cool temperate regions, alpine and Arctic tundra, and boreal forest. It is not cultivated commercially.

It has numerous common names varying by region, such as Nordic berry, Arctic berry, baked apple, knotberry, aqpik or lowbush salmonberry.