hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Multiple scattering low coherence interferometry
Multiple scattering low coherence interferometry (ms/LCI) is an imaging technique that relies on analyzing multiply scattered light in order to capture depth-resolved images from optical scattering media. With current applications primarily in medical imaging, has the advantage of a higher range since forward scattered light attenuates less with depth when compared to the specularly reflected light that is assessed in more conventional imaging methods such as optical coherence tomography. This allows ms/LCI to image through up to 90 mean free scattering paths, compared to roughly 27 scattering MFPs in OCT and 1–2 scattering MFPs in confocal microscopy.

Specular reflection
Specular reflection, or regular reflection, is the mirror-like reflection of waves, such as light, from a surface.

The law of reflection states that a reflected ray of light emerges from the reflecting surface at the same angle to the surface normal as the incident ray, but on the opposing side of the surface normal. The incident and reflected rays lie in a plane known as the plane of incidence. The angles of the two rays to the normal are known as the angle of incidence and angle of reflection.

The earliest known description of this behavior was recorded by Hero of Alexandria (AD c. 10–70). Later, Alhazen gave a complete statement of the law of reflection. He was first to state that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface all lie in a same plane perpendicular to reflecting plane.

Specular reflection may be contrasted with diffuse reflection, in which light is scattered away from the surface in a range of directions.
1997 du Maurier Open – Men's singles
Chris Woodruff defeated Gustavo Kuerten in the final, 7–5, 4–6, 6–3 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1997 Canadian Open.

Wayne Ferreira was the defending champion, but lost to Yevgeny Kafelnikov in the third round.

Pier Gauthier
Pier Gauthier (born 20 April 1972) is a French tennis coach and retired professional player. He is a former coach of Sébastien Grosjean and Gaël Monfils.

Born in Rennes, Gauthier turned professional in 1991 and reached a career best ranking of 202 in the world.

His best performance on the ATP Tour came at the 1992 Grand Prix de Tennis de Toulouse, where he won through to the second round.

Gauthier regularly competed in the singles qualifying draws for grand slam events, but made his only main draw appearance in doubles, as a local wildcard pairing with Guillaume Marx at the 1993 French Open.
Ninnu Kalisaka
Ninnu Kalisaka (transl. After Meeting You) is a 2009 Indian Telugu-language romance film produced by Ramoji Rao on Ushakiran Movies banner and directed by Siva Nageswara Rao. It stars Santosh Samrat, Chaitanya Krishna, Dipa Shah, Piaa Bajpai, and the music is composed by Sunil Kashyap.

Ramoji Rao
Cherukuri Ramoji Rao (16 November 1936 – 8 June 2024) was an Indian businessman, media proprietor and film producer. He was head of the Ramoji Group which owns the world's largest film production facility Ramoji Film City, Eenadu newspaper, ETV Network of TV channels, film production company Usha Kiran Movies.

His other business ventures included Margadarsi Chit Fund, Dolphin Group of Hotels, Kalanjali Shopping Mall, Priya Pickles, ETV Win OTT platform and Mayuri Film Distributors.

Rao garnered four Filmfare Awards South, five Nandi Awards and the National Film Award for his works in Telugu cinema. In 2016, he was honoured with the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian honour, for his contributions in journalism, literature and education.
Melanie Oßwald
Melanie Oßwald (born 1 June 1976 in Nuremberg) is a German politician and a former member of the Bundestag with the CSU.

From 1996 to 2000 she studied graphic design at the College of Fine Arts in Nuremberg. She entered the Junge Union in 1992 and the CSU in 2000. In 2002 she campaigned for election to the Bundestag, but narrowly lost. However, since Edmund Stoiber did not accept his Bundestag mandate due to his defeat by Gerhard Schröder, she nevertheless managed to advance. She was not re-elected in 2005.

Edmund Stoiber
Edmund Rüdiger Stoiber (born 28 September 1941) is a German politician who served as the 16th minister-president of the state of Bavaria between 1993 and 2007 and chairman of the Christian Social Union (CSU) between 1999 and 2007. In 2002, he ran for the office of Chancellor of Germany in the federal election, and in one of the narrowest elections in German history lost against Gerhard Schröder. On 18 January 2007, he announced that he would step down as minister-president and as party chairman by 30 September, after having been under fire in his own party for weeks.
Chiaki Kyan
Chiaki Kyan (喜屋武ちあき, Kyan Chiaki; born March 13, 1984) is a Japanese tarento, master of ceremonies, yoga instructor, lyricist, and former gravure idol. She is from Saitama. She was a member of Japanese pop music groups Nakano Fujoshi Sisters and Fudanjuku.

Television personalities in Japan
Television personalities in Japan, known as tarento (タレント; derived from Portuguese talento) in Japanese, are celebrities who regularly appear in mass media in Japan, especially as panelists on variety shows. During the Golden Age of Hollywood, bankable stars in the United States were described as "talents" and were distinguished from production crews, which were seen as having more technical than charismatic talents.
La Marolle-en-Sologne
La Marolle-en-Sologne (French pronunciation: [la maʁɔl ɑ̃ sɔlɔɲ], literally La Marolle in Sologne), commonly known as La Marolle, is a town and commune in the Loir-et-Cher department in the administrative region of Centre-Val de Loire, France.

The town is located in the natural region of Sologne.

Natural regions of France
In France, a natural region (French: région naturelle), traditionally called "a country" (~“pais” in romance languages, who also gave the words “peasant” and “pagan” in english), is a territory of often limited extent (at most a few hundred square kilometers) with homogeneous physical characteristics (geomorphology, geology, climate, soils, water resources) associated with a human occupation that shares a distinct cultural identity (perception and management of land that develop specific landscapes). In some cases, traditional "pays" are subdivided into smaller territories; for example, the Bresse region is divided into Bresse bourguignonne (including Bresse louhannaise and Bresse chalonnaise), Bresse savoyarde, and Bresse comtoise. In Corsica, the term microrégion is used, with the island being divided into about fifteen such regions. The word "pays" derives from the Latin "pagus".
Henry Bucknall
Henry Creswell Bucknall (4 July 1885 – 1 January 1962) was a British rower who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics.

Bucknall was born in Lisbon, Portugal. He was educated at Eton College, where he stroked the Eton boat, and then went to Merton College, Oxford. In 1905, he stroked the winning Oxford boat in the Boat Race. He stroked the losing crew in 1906, and in 1907 he was President of the Oxford University Boat Club, and elected to row at number two in the race which Cambridge won again. He joined Leander Club, and in 1908, he was the strokeman of the Leander eight, which won the gold medal for Great Britain rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics.
He stroked a Clube Naval de Lisboa team that, for the first time, beat the English rowers of Carcavelos Club. They spent one week at Sarilhos Pequenos, in his father's property, training for the race.

After university, Bucknall joined a shipbuilding firm in Newcastle upon Tyne.

Bucknall died in Northumberland at the age of 76.

Stroke (position)
In  rowing, the stroke is the rower seated closest to the stern of the boat. In the United Kingdom, the "stroke side" is the port side of the boat, because sweep rowing boats are usually rigged such that the stroke is on the port side of the boat.
Inmost
Inmost is a puzzle-platform game developed by Lithuanian developer Hidden Layer Games and published by Chucklefish. It was released for iOS through Apple Arcade on October 11, 2019, and later ported to macOS, Microsoft Windows, Nintendo Switch, on August 21, 2020. The game follows a young girl, a knight, and an old man in search of answers. These characters are interconnected to each other in the story, which is set in two different worlds. The story has themes of pain, bonding, and loss.

On October 28, 2025, Inmost was re-released on the App Store for iOS, also becoming available for the first time on the Android platform through Google Play.

Chucklefish
Chucklefish Limited is a British video game developer and publisher based in London. Founded in 2011 by Finn Brice, the company specialises in retro-styled games. Chucklefish is best known for developing Starbound and Wargroove, as well being the former publishers of Risk of Rain and Stardew Valley.
Madeleine Pelletier
Madeleine Pelletier (18 May 1874 – 29 December 1939) was a French psychiatrist, first-wave feminist, and political activist. Born in Paris, Pelletier frequented socialist and anarchist groups in her adolescence. She became a doctor in her twenties, overcoming a large educational gap, and was France's first woman to receive a doctorate in psychiatry. Pelletier joined freemasonry, the French Section of the Workers' International, and came to lead a feminist association. She set out to join the October Revolution but returned disillusioned. In France, she continued to advocate for feminist and communist causes, and wrote numerous articles, essays, and literary works, even following a stroke in 1937 which made her hemiplegic. Pelletier was charged with having performed an abortion in 1939 despite her condition precluding her ability to perform this act. She was placed in a mental asylum where her health deteriorated and she died of a second stroke later that year.

Hemiparesis
Hemiparesis, also called unilateral paresis, is the weakness of one entire side of the body (hemi- meaning 'half'). Hemiplegia, in its most severe form, is the complete paralysis of one entire side of the body. Either hemiparesis or hemiplegia can result from a variety of medical causes, including congenital conditions, blunt trauma, tumors, traumatic brain injury, and stroke.
Hai Hai
Hai Hai is the second solo album by ex-Supertramp singer/guitarist/keyboardist Roger Hodgson, released in October 1987. Co-produced by future No Doubt and Black Crowes producer Jack Joseph Puig, and recorded at Hodgson's 48-track home studio in Nevada City, California, the album is a merger of Supertramp-styled progressive pop-rock and extensive use of Los Angeles session musicians and late-1980s synthesizer technology.

Nevada City, California
Nevada City is a city in and the county seat of Nevada County, California, United States, 60 miles (97 km) northeast of Sacramento, 84 miles (135 km) southwest of Reno and 147 miles (237 km) northeast of San Francisco. The population was 3,152 as of the 2020 census.
Carolyn of the Corners
Carolyn of the Corners is a 1919 American silent drama film directed by Robert Thornby, and starring Bessie Love, Charles Edler and Charlotte Mineau.

The screenplay by Frank S. Beresford was based on the 1918 novel of the same name by Ruth Belmore Endicott.

The film is presumed lost.

Bessie Love
Bessie Love (born Juanita Horton; September 10, 1898 – April 26, 1986) was an American-British actress who achieved prominence playing innocent, young girls and wholesome leading ladies in silent and early sound films. Her acting career spanned nearly seven decades—from silent film to sound film, including theatre, radio, and television—and her performance in The Broadway Melody (1929) earned her a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress.
Mohamed Choua
Mohamed Choua (born 25 December 1992) is a Moroccan professional basketball player. He currently plays for the ASS Sale club of the FIBA Africa Club Champions Cup and the Nationale 1, Morocco’s first division.

Since 2021, Choua plays for Rouen Métropole Basket in the French LNB Pro B.

He represented Morocco's national basketball team at the 2017 AfroBasket in Tunisia and Senegal. There, he recorded most minutes, rebounds, steals and blocks for Morocco. Choua won the 2023 FIBA AfroCan, hosted in Angola, with Morocco.

FIBA AfroBasket 2017
FIBA AfroBasket 2017 was the 29th edition of the AfroBasket, a men's basketball continental championship of Africa. The tournament was jointly hosted by Tunisia and Senegal. Angola was proposed by FIBA Africa to host the tournament, an offer declined as the country is holding general elections in the same period.

Tunisia won their second title after defeating Nigeria 77–65 in the final, while Senegal caught the third place by beating Morocco 73–62.
Young China Scholars Poverty Research Network
The Young China Scholars Poverty Research Network co-sponsored by the Canadian organisations the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) was created to identify and support a new generation of young researchers working on poverty and distribution issues in China.

Beijing Normal University
Beijing Normal University (BNU) (Chinese: 北京师范大学) is a public university in Haidian, Beijing, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education of China, and co-funded by the Ministry of Education and the Beijing Municipal People's Government. It is a renowned institution of higher education known for teacher education, education science and basic learning in both the arts and the sciences. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.
Gabrje pri Soteski
Gabrje pri Soteski (pronounced [ˈɡaːbəɾjɛ pɾi sɔˈteːski]) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Dolenjske Toplice in Slovenia. It lies on the left bank of the Krka River on the road between Straža and Soteska. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Straža
The Municipality of Straža (pronounced [ˈstɾaːʒa]; Slovene: Občina Straža) is a municipality in southeastern Slovenia. It lies on the banks of the Krka River in the traditional region of Lower Carniola. The municipality was created in 2006 when it split from the City Municipality of Novo Mesto. It is included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. It has over 3,500 inhabitants. Its seat is Straža.

The main employer was the Novoles company, based in the town as well as a number of smaller companies. There are many vineyards in the area.
Naches Peak
Naches Peak is a 6,452-foot (1,967 m) mountain summit located on the shared border of Mount Rainier National Park and William O. Douglas Wilderness. It is also on the shared border of Pierce County and Yakima County in Washington state. Naches Peak is situated on the crest of the Cascade Range and immediately southeast of Chinook Pass. Its nearest higher neighbor is Tahtlum Peak, 1.45 mi (2.33 km) to the east. The name Naches Peak was proposed by the Yakima Chamber of Commerce and approved by Asahel Curtis in 1927. The Naches Peak Loop Trail is a popular 3.5 mile trail encircling the peak. Naches Peak Loop joins a section of the Pacific Crest Trail and crosses meadows that fill with summer wildflowers. Precipitation runoff from the west side of Naches Peak drains into Chinook Creek, which is a tributary of the Ohanapecosh River, whereas the east side drains into tributaries of the American River.

American River (Washington)
The American River is a tributary of the Bumping River in Washington. It flows down the east side of the Cascade Range, through Wenatchee National Forest and the William O. Douglas Wilderness.

The American River is part of the Columbia River basin, via the Bumping, Naches, and Yakima rivers.

From its source at American Lake, it flows north for several miles, picking up its tributary the Rainier Fork American River, which flows east down from the vicinity of Chinook Pass. State Route 410 crossing Chinook Pass from Mount Rainier National Park, then follows the Rainier Fork and the American River valleys.

After its confluence with Rainier Fork, the American River flows through Pleasant Valley. It joins the Bumping River within the American Forks Campground.

An early name for the American River was Miners Creek. According to historian Gretta Gossett, the river was renamed for the American River in California, "by hopeful miners".
Amanita sphaerobulbosa
Amanita sphaerobulbosa, commonly known as the Asian abrupt-bulbed Lepidella, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Amanitaceae. First described by mycologist Tsuguo Hongo in 1969, it is found in Southern Asia.

The fruit bodies of A. sphaerobulbosa are damaging to the liver; the toxicity is thought to be largely due to a rare amino acid. Although not considered as toxic as its deadly relatives (e.g. the death cap and the destroying angel), A. sphaerobulbosa is thought to have caused fatalities. Poisoning symptoms include abrupt violent vomiting, diarrhea and dehydration after a delay of 10–20 hours.

Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma (pl. basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles.
Richard Rykedon
Richard Rykedon or Rygdon (died 1453/4), was an English Member of Parliament (MP).

He was a Member of the Parliament of England for Hythe in December 1421, 1422, 1423, 1426, 1433, 1437 and 
November 1449.

Hythe (UK Parliament constituency)
Hythe was a constituency centred on the town of Hythe in Kent. It returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons until 1832, when its representation was reduced to one member.  The constituency was abolished for the 1950 general election, and replaced with the new Folkestone and Hythe constituency.
Tohoku Women's Junior College
Tohoku Women's Junior College (東北女子短期大学, Tōhoku Joshi Tanki Daigaku) is a private junior college in Hirosaki, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. It was established in 1950, and is now attached to Tohoku Women's College.

Junior college
A junior college is a type of post-secondary institution that offers vocational and academic training that is designed to prepare students for either skilled trades and technical occupations or support roles in professions such as engineering, accountancy, business administration, nursing, medicine, architecture, and criminology. Often times, those types of colleges offer two-year associate's degrees that are intended for students that want to later transfer to a college for a four-year bachelor's degree to finish their undergraduate education, pending adequate grades. Students typically attend those types of colleges for one to three years, which is also dependent on the country.
Raqeeb Se
Raqeeb Se (transl. almost rivals(in love)) is a Pakistani romantic drama television series produced by Momina Duraid, written by Bee Gul and directed by Kashif Nisar. It aired on Hum TV from 20 January 2021 to 26 May 2021 all under MD Productions. Raqeeb Se revolves around the repercussions of a love story stretched around one's entire life. It features an ensemble cast of Hadiqa Kiani, Nauman Ijaz, Sania Saeed, Iqra Aziz, Faryal Mehmood, Hassan Mir and Saqib Sumeer. The title is adopted from Faiz Ahmad Faiz's nazm of the same name.

The series received critical acclaim due to its story line and performances of the cast. At 21st Lux Style Awards, it got most number of nominations, and won Best TV Director and two awards for Kiani; Best Emerging Talent in TV and Best TV Actress-Critics' choice.

Nazm
Nazm (Urdu: نظم) is a major part of Urdu and Sindhi poetry that is normally written in rhymed verse and also in modern prose-style poems. Nazm is a significant genre of Urdu and Sindhi poetry; the other one is known as ghazal.

Nazm is significantly written by controlling one’s thoughts and feelings, which are constructively discussed as well as developed and finally, concluded, according to the poetic laws. The title of the nazm itself holds the central theme as a whole. While writing nazm, it is not important to follow any rules as it depends on the writer. A nazm can be long or short and there are no restrictions on size or rhyme scheme. All the verses written in a nazm are interlinked.
Injured Engine
Injured Engine is a game released for the Apple II and Commodore 64 by Imagic. The player must diagnose problems in a simulated automobile engine. The game aims to teach how engines work and how engine parts relate to each other. It was created by an auto mechanic and a graphic artist. Imagic demonstrated it at the 1984 Consumer Electronics Show.

Consumer Electronics Show
CES (formerly an initialism for Consumer Electronics Show) is an annual trade show organized by the Consumer Technology Association (CTA). Held in January at the Las Vegas Convention Center in Winchester, Nevada, United States, the event typically hosts presentations of new products and technologies in the consumer electronics industry.
Vince Courtney
Vince Courtney was an Australian songwriter, entertainer, singer and radio personality during the vaudeville era. Born in Newcastle, New South Wales in 1887. He was prominent in the early twentieth century.  He was born in Newcastle, New South Wales.
Although it is unusual for an Australian artist, Courtney was regarded as universally published and a household word from his gramophone recordings and radio broadcasts

He often performed with his wife, Eva. For several years he was a key member of impersonator revue Stiffy and Mo, with fellow vaudeville personality Roy Rene. He contributed songs to pantomime The Bunyip (1916). Many of his songs were written for other leading variety performers.

On 17 August 1951 he collapsed in a Dubbo hotel lobby and died suddenly. He is buried in Randwick, New South Wales.

Roy Rene
Roy Rene (pron. reen; born Henry van der Sluys, 15 February 1891 – 22 November 1954) was an Australian comedian and vaudevillian. As the bawdy character Mo McCackie, Rene was one of the best-known and successful Australian comedians of the early 20th century, and the local answer to Charlie Chaplin.

A 1927 recording of Rene and Nat Phillips performing as Stiffy and Mo, called The Sailors, was added to the National Film and Sound Archive of Australia's Sounds of Australia registry in 2011.
Chennai–Nagarsol Express
The 16003 / 16004 Chennai Central–Nagarsol Express is an express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between Chennai Central and Nagarsol in India. This is the only train that connects Chennai with Kamareddy, Nizamabad, Basar, Mudkhed, Hazur Sahib Nanded, Purna, Parbhani, Jalna, Aurangabad and Nagarsol. There are no other trains that connects these places with Chennai. This train is operated by the Southern Railway zone of the Indian Railways

Parbhani
Parbhani (parbhani, Marathi pronunciation: [pəɾbʰəɳiː] ⓘ) is a city in Maharashtra state of India. It is the administrative headquarters of Parbhani District. Parbhani is one of the largest cities in Marathwada region. Parbhani is around 200 kilometres (120 mi) away from regional headquarters of Aurangabad while it is 491 km (305 mi) away from the state capital Mumbai.

Along with the entire Marathwada region, Parbhani was a part of the erstwhile Nizam State; later a part of Hyderabad State; after reorganization of states in 1956 it became a part of the then-Bombay state; since 1960, it has been part of the present Maharashtra state.

Parbhani is home to Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agricultural University, which is one of only four agriculture universities in Maharashtra. Moreover, Parbhani also has an annual festival at Turabul Haq Dargah, which attracts lakhs of tourists each year. Parbhani is named after Goddess Prabhavati.