hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Krajków, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Krajków [ˈkrai̯kuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pawłów, within Starachowice County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south-west of Pawłów, 15 km (9 mi) south of Starachowice, and 30 km (19 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Starachowice County
Starachowice County (Polish: powiat starachowicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Starachowice, which lies 37 kilometres (23 mi) north-east of the regional capital Kielce. The only other town in the county is Wąchock, lying 5 km (3 mi) north-west of Starachowice.

The county covers an area of 523.27 square kilometres (202.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 89,925, out of which the population of Starachowice is 48,646, that of Wąchock is 2,766, and the rural population is 38,513.
Onyx (interventional radiology)
In interventional radiology, Onyx is a trade name for a copolymer used for embolisation therapy, which involves the occlusion of blood vessels. It is a liquid embolic agent. Onyx is produced and sold by Medtronic (previously Covidien, which acquired ev3 Inc., the original developer of Onyx, in 2010).

Blood vessel
Blood vessels  are the tubular structures of a circulatory system transporting blood in animal bodies. Blood vessels transport blood cells, nutrients, and oxygen to most of the tissues of a body, and also transport waste products and carbon dioxide away from the tissues. Some tissues – such as cartilage, epithelium, and the lens and cornea of the eye – are not supplied with blood vessels, so are termed avascular.

There are five types of blood vessels: the arteries, which carry the blood away from the heart; the arterioles; the capillaries, where the exchange of water and chemicals between the blood and tissues occurs; the venules; and the veins, which carry blood from the capillaries back towards the heart.

The word, vascular, is derived from the Latin vas, meaning vessel, and is used in reference to blood vessels.
2025 Paraguay Open – Doubles
Boris Arias and Federico Zeballos were the defending champions but lost in the first round to Álvaro Guillén Meza and Guido Iván Justo.

Vasil Kirkov and Matías Soto won the title after defeating Guillermo Durán and Mariano Kestelboim 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Boris Arias
Boris Arias (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈboɾis ˈaɾjas]; born 9 November 1993) is a Bolivian tennis player.

Arias has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 80 achieved on 18 March 2024 and a career high singles ranking of No. 1,065 achieved on 16 July 2012. Arias has won six ITF Futures doubles titles.

Arias has represented Bolivia at the Davis Cup, where he has a W/L record of 4–1.
Gymnallabes typus
Gymnallabes typus is a species of airbreathing catfish found in Benin, Cameroon and Nigeria.  It occurs in the delta and the lower reaches of the Niger River as well as the Cross River. It reaches a length of 23 cm (9.1 in) TL.

Niger River
The Niger River (/ˈnaɪdʒər/ NY-jər; French: (le) fleuve Niger [(lə) flœv niʒɛʁ]) is the main river of West Africa, extending about 4,180 kilometres (2,600 miles). Its drainage basin is 2,117,700 km2 (817,600 sq mi) in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in south-eastern Guinea near the Sierra Leone border. It runs in a crescent shape through southwest Mali and through southwest Niger, on the border with Benin, and then through Nigeria, discharging through a massive delta, known as the Niger Delta, into the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean. The Niger is the 14th-longest river in the world and the third-longest river in Africa, exceeded by the Nile and the Congo River. Its main tributary is the Benue River.
Suwa-taisha
Suwa Grand Shrine (Japanese: 諏訪大社, Hepburn: Suwa-taisha), historically also known as Suwa Shrine (諏訪神社 Suwa-jinja) or Suwa Daimyōjin (諏訪大明神), is a group of Shinto shrines in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. The shrine complex is the ichinomiya of former Shinano Province and is considered to be one of the oldest shrines in existence, being implied by the Nihon Shoki to already stand in the late 7th century.

Setsumatsusha
Sessha (摂社, auxiliary shrine) and massha (末社, undershrine), also called eda-miya (枝宮, branch shrines) (collectively known as setsumatsusha (摂末社)) are small or miniature shrines entrusted to the care of a larger shrine, generally due to some deep connection with the enshrined kami.

The two terms used to have legally different meanings, but are today synonyms. Setsumatsusha can lie either inside (境内摂末社, keidai setsumatsusha) or outside (境外摂末社, keigai setsumassha) the main shrine's premises. Setsumatsusha are usually 1x1 ken in size. They can however be as small as beehives or relatively large and have 1x2, 1x3 or even, in one case, 1x7 bays.
Cyclone Michaung
Severe Cyclonic Storm Michaung (Burmese pronunciation: [mɪʔtɕʰaʊɰ̃]) was a moderate tropical cyclone which formed in the Bay of Bengal during the 2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. Michaung originated as a low-pressure area in the Gulf of Thailand which crossed into the Bay of Bengal and became a deep depression on December 2. It developed into a cyclonic storm thereafter and was named Michaung. It was the ninth depression and the sixth named cyclonic storm of the season. The cyclone gradually moved north-west over the next few days towards the eastern coast of India. The storm peaked with sustained winds of 60 knots (110 km/h; 70 mph) causing heavy rainfall in north-eastern Tamil Nadu including Chennai and south-eastern Andhra Pradesh before making landfall near Bapatla in Andhra Pradesh on December 5.

Gulf of Thailand
The Gulf of Thailand, historically known as the Gulf of Siam, is a shallow inlet adjacent to the southwestern South China Sea, bounded between the southwestern shores of Mainland Southeast Asia and the northern half of the Malay Peninsula. It is around 800 km (500 mi) in length and up to 560 km (350 mi) in width, and has a surface area of 320,000 km2 (120,000 sq mi). The gulf is surrounded on the north, west and southwest by the coastlines of Thailand; on the northeast by Cambodia; and the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. It opens to the South China Sea in the southeast.
Jan of Lutogniew
Jan V of Lutogniew (died 14 February 1374) was a Polish Catholic priest, and Bishop of Poznań from 1354 to 1376.

His family were from the Doliwa coat of arms.

He was canon of Wrocław, then Poznań, Gniezno and Srem. From 1355, he was a  Bishop of Poznań. He was considered a good host. He conducted the wedding of Casimir III the Great and Jadwiga Żagańska. After the king's death, he supported Andegawen against the majority of the bishops and inhabitants in Wielkopolska.

He was buried in Poznań Cathedral.

Poznań Cathedral
The Sts. Apostles Peter and Paul Archcathedral Basilica in Poznań is one of the oldest churches in Poland and the oldest Polish cathedral, dating from the 10th century. It is the oldest historical monument in  Poznań. It stands on the island of Ostrów Tumski north-east of the city centre.
Hyposmocoma butalidella
Hyposmocoma butalidella is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It was first described by Lord Walsingham in 1907. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Maui. The type locality is Haleakalā, where it was collected at an elevation of 7,000 feet (2,100 m).

Cosmopterigidae
The Cosmopterigidae  are a family of insects (cosmet moths) in the order Lepidoptera. These are small moths with narrow wings whose tiny larvae feed internally on the leaves, seeds and stems of their host plants. About 1500 species have been described. The taxonomic family is most diverse in the Australian and Pacific region with about 780 species.

Several genera formerly included here have been moved to the Agonoxeninae.
Piston effect
Piston effect refers to the forced-air flow inside a tunnel or shaft caused by moving vehicles.  It is one of numerous phenomena that engineers and designers must consider when developing a range of structures.

Forced-air
A forced-air  central heating system is one which uses air as its heat transfer medium. These systems rely on ductwork, vents, and plenums as means of air distribution, separate from the actual heating and air conditioning systems. The return plenum carries the air from several large return grills (vents) to a central air handler for re-heating. The supply plenum directs air from the central unit to the rooms which the system is designed to heat. Regardless of type, all air handlers consist of an air filter, blower, heat exchanger/element/coil, and various controls. Like any other kind of central heating system, thermostats are used to control forced air heating systems.

Forced air heating is the type of central heating most commonly installed in North America. It is much less common in Europe, where hydronic heating predominates, especially in the form of hot-water radiators.
Montiano
Montiano (Romagnol: Muncin) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Forlì-Cesena in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Bologna and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Forlì. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,573 and an area of 9.3 square kilometres (3.6 mi2).

The municipality of Montiano contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Badia and Montenovo.

Montiano borders the following municipalities: Cesena, Longiano, Roncofreddo.

Province of Forlì-Cesena
The Province of Forlì-Cesena (Italian: Provincia di Forlì-Cesena) is a province in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. Its capitals are the cities of Forlì and Cesena. The province has a population of 394,273 as of 2016 over an area of 2,378.4 square kilometres (918.3 mi2). It contains 30 comuni (sg.: comune) and the provincial president is Davide Drei. Although located close to the independent Republic of San Marino, Forlì-Cesena does not share a land border with the sovereign state.
Bridgtown
Bridgtown is a village and civil parish, in the Cannock Chase District of Staffordshire, England. It is situated on the A5 between Cannock and Great Wyrley. There are multiple industrial and retail estates in and around the village, as well as residential areas.

The parish council describe Bridgtown as either a village or an area. There is now only one church in Bridgtown, the Bethel Church. There was one on Church Street but it is now used for commercial purposes.

The Chase Line railway from Rugeley to Walsall passes the south of Bridgtown over the M6 Toll and A5, with the nearest station at Cannock. A proposal for a new station serving Bridgtown and Churchbridge was withdrawn in 2005 due to lack of funding. Bridgtown is served by Chaserider bus service 1 to Huntington, Cannock and Great Wyrley.

Chase Line
The Chase Line is a suburban railway line in the West Midlands region of England. It runs from its southern terminus, Birmingham New Street, to Walsall, and then Rugeley Trent Valley in Staffordshire, where it joins the Trent Valley line. The name of the line refers to Cannock Chase which it runs through at its northern end.

Part of the line, between Birmingham and Walsall, has been electrified since 1966; work to electrify the remaining 15 mile stretch of line between Walsall and Rugeley, was completed in December 2018.
Star (1982 film)
Star is a 1982 Indian Bollywood movie, directed by Vinod Pande, starring Kumar Gaurav, Rati Agnihotri, Raj Kiran, Saeed Jaffrey, A.K. Hangal, Dina Pathak and Padmini Kolhapure.

It had a very successful soundtrack released as Star/Boom Boom, produced by Biddu and sung by Nazia Hassan and Zoheb Hassan. Despite popular soundtracks, the movie flopped at the box office.

Nazia and Zoheb were offered the chance to act in this movie by Biddu, but they refused to act and chose singing.

A. K. Hangal
Avtar Kishan Hangal (1 February 1914 – 26 August 2012) was an Indian freedom fighter and actor. His most notable roles are as Ram Shastri in Aaina (1977), as Inder Sen in Shaukeen, as Bipinlal Pandey in Namak Haraam, as Imaam Saa'b in Sholay, as Anokhelal in Manzil and the antagonist in Prem Bandhan and the 16 films he did with Rajesh Khanna. He has acted in around 225 Hindi films in a career spanning from 1966 to 2005.
Elkton, Alberta
Elkton is an unincorporated community in central Alberta in Mountain View County, located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) west of the Cowboy Trail, 54 kilometres (34 mi) northwest of Airdrie, between the towns of Sundre and Cremona.

Located in the Canadian Rockies foothills, at an elevation of 1,120 meters (3,670 ft), on the banks of the Little Red Deer River, Elkton is a predominantly ranching community.

A post office was operational in Elkton from June 1907 to March 1969. A community hall is established in the settlement.

Mountain View County
Mountain View County is a municipal district in Division No. 6 in central Alberta, Canada. Located between the cities of Calgary and Red Deer within the Calgary-Edmonton corridor, its municipal office is located north of the Town of Didsbury. Mountain View County is a member of the Rural Municipalities of Alberta, along with numerous local boards, commissions and committees.
Economics terminology that differs from common usage
In any technical subject, words commonly used in everyday life acquire very specific technical meanings, and confusion can arise when someone is uncertain of the intended meaning of a word. This article explains the differences in meaning between some technical terms used in economics and the corresponding terms in everyday usage.

Opportunity cost
In microeconomic theory, the opportunity cost of a choice is the value of the best alternative forgone where, given limited resources, a choice needs to be made between several mutually exclusive alternatives. Assuming the best choice is made, it is the "cost" incurred by not enjoying the benefit that would have been had if the second best available choice had been taken instead. The New Oxford American Dictionary defines it as "the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen". As a representation of the relationship between scarcity and choice, the objective of opportunity cost is to ensure efficient use of scarce resources. It incorporates all associated costs of a decision, both explicit and implicit. Thus, opportunity costs are not restricted to monetary or financial costs: the real cost of output forgone, lost time, pleasure, or any other benefit that provides utility should also be considered an opportunity cost.
P.I.P.S.
P.I.P.S. is a term (recursive acronym) for Symbian software libraries, and means "P.I.P.S. Is POSIX on Symbian OS". It is intended to help C language programmers in migration of desktop and server middleware, applications to Symbian OS based mobile smartphone devices.

Application server
An application server is a server that hosts applications or software that delivers a business application through a communication protocol. For a typical web application, the application server sits behind the web servers.

An application server framework is a service layer model. It includes software components available to a software developer through an application programming interface. An application server may have features such as clustering, fail-over, and load-balancing. The goal is for developers to focus on the business logic.
Beaver Hills (Alberta)
The Beaver Hills (Cree: ᐊᒥᐢᑿᒋᐩ, romanized: amiskwaciy, lit. 'beaver hills'), also known as the Beaver Hills Moraine and the Cooking Lake Moraine, are a rolling upland region in Central Alberta, just to the east of Edmonton, the provincial capital. It consists of 1,572 square kilometres (607 sq mi) of "knob and kettle" terrain, containing many glacial moraines and depressions filled with small lakes. The landform lies partly within five different municipalities: Strathcona County, Leduc County, Beaver County, Alberta, Lamont County and Camrose County.  The area is relatively undeveloped compared to the surrounding region, and is protected in part by Elk Island National Park, the Cooking Lake–Blackfoot Provincial Recreation Area, the Ministik Lake Game Bird Sanctuary, Miquelon Lake Provincial Park and a number of smaller provincial natural areas. Since 2016 Beaver Hills has been a UNESCO-designated biosphere reserve.

Cooking Lake (Alberta)
Cooking Lake is a lake in Alberta, Canada. It is located in Strathcona County, east-southeast of Edmonton. Edmonton/Cooking Lake Water Aerodrome is located on this lake.

Cooking Lake's name is a calque of its Cree language name, opiminawasu.
2021 CAF Women's Champions League final
The 2021 CAF Women's Champions League Final was the final match of the 2021 CAF Women's Champions League, the first and inaugural edition of Africa's premier women's club football tournament organised by CAF. It was played at 30 June Stadium in Cairo, Egypt on 19 November 2021.

Mamelodi Sundowns defeated Hasaacas Ladies 2–0 to win the first ever CAF Women's Champions League title.

Hasaacas Ladies F.C.
Sekondi Hasaacas Ladies F.C. is a Ghanaian professional women's football club based in Sekondi-Takoradi in the Western Region of Ghana. The club features in the Ghana Women’s Premier League. The club was formed as a women's club by Sekondi Hasaacas F.C. football management. It is currently the most successful women's club in Ghana after winning the Women's League on 4 occasions.
Threadgill
Threadgill is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bruce Threadgill (born 1956), American football player

Frances F. Threadgill (1867–1941), American women's rights activist

Henry Threadgill (born 1944), American composer, saxophonist, and flautist

John Threadgill (1847–1915), American politician and physician from Oklahoma

Kenneth Threadgill (1909–1987), American country singer and tavern owner

Pyeng Threadgill (born 1977), American blues, jazz and soul blues singer, songwriter and record producer

Henry Threadgill
Henry Threadgill (born February 15, 1944) is an American composer, saxophonist and flautist. He came to prominence in the 1970s leading ensembles rooted in jazz but with unusual instrumentation and often incorporating other genres of music. He has performed and recorded with several ensembles: Air, Aggregation Orb, Make a Move, the seven-piece Henry Threadgill Sextett, the twenty-piece Society Situation Dance Band, Very Very Circus, X-75, and Zooid.

He was awarded the 2016 Pulitzer Prize for Music for his album In for a Penny, In for a Pound, which premiered at Roulette Intermedium on December 4, 2014.

In 2023, he published his autobiography, written with Brent Hayes Edwards: Easily Slip into Another World: A Life in Music. The book was a New York Times Notable Book of the Year, along with being a Best Book of the Year: The New York Times, NPR, The New Yorker.
Afriodinia caeca
Afriodinia caeca is a butterfly and belongs to the genus Afriodinia in the family Riodinidae. It is found in Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Tanzania. Its habitat consists of swamp forests.

Riodinidae
Riodinidae is the family of metalmark butterflies. The common name "metalmarks" refers to the small, metallic-looking spots commonly found on their wings. The 1,532 species are placed in 146 genera. Although mostly Neotropical in distribution, the family is also represented both in the Nearctic, Palearctic, Australasian (Dicallaneura), Afrotropic (Afriodinia, Saribia), and Indomalayan realms.
HMS Swinger
Six ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Swinger:

HMS Swinger (1794), a 14-gun (later 12-gun) Conquest-class gun brig launched at Limehouse in 1794 and sold in 1802.

HMS Swinger (1798), a 6-gun gunvessel purchased locally in Honduras in 1798, and whose fate in unknown.

HMS Swinger (1804), a 12-gun Archer-class gun brig launched at Topsham in 1804 and broken up in June 1812.

HMS Swinger (1813), a 12-gun Bold-class gun brig launched at Bridport in 1813, converted to a mooring lighter in 1829 and broken up in 1877.

HMS Swinger (1855), a 4-gun Dapper-class gunboat launched at Northfleet in 1855 and broken up in 1864.

HMS Swinger (1872), a 4-gun Ariel-class gunboat launched at Pembroke Dockyard in 1872, hulked in 1895 and sold in 1924.

Ariel-class gunboat
The Ariel-class gunboat was a class of nine 4-gun composite gunboats built for the Royal Navy between 1871 and 1873.  Although most were sold by 1890, one of them survived into the 1920s as a salvage vessel in private ownership.  They were the first class of Royal Navy gunboat built of composite construction, that is, with iron keel, stem and stern posts, and iron framing, but planked with wood.
Pretty Cure Miracle Universe
Pretty Cure Miracle Universe (Japanese: 映画プリキュアミラクルユニバース, Hepburn: Eiga Purikyua Mirakuru Yunibāsu) is a 2019 Japanese animated action fantasy film based on the Pretty Cure franchise created by Izumi Todo. The film is directed by Yukio Kaizawa, written by Isao Murayama, and produced by Toei Animation. The film was released on March 16, 2019.

Marking the twelfth entry to the Pretty Cure All Stars crossover film series, the Star Twinkle PreCure team joins Hug! Pretty Cure and Kirakira Pretty Cure a la Mode teams as they explore the planet that originated the Miracle Lights.

Pretty Cure
The Pretty Cure series (プリキュアシリーズ, Purikyua Shirīzu; also titled Precure or PreCure) is a Japanese tokusatsu heroine, magical girl anime franchise created by Izumi Todo and produced by Toei Animation. Each series revolves around a group of magical girls known as Pretty Cures who battle against evil forces. Starting in February 2004 with Pretty Cure, the franchise has seen many anime series, spanning over 1000 episodes to date, as well as spawning movies, manga, toys, and video games. Its most recent iteration, Star Detective Precure!, began airing in February 2026 as part of TV Asahi's Sunday morning children's television block. As of December 2022, three series have received English adaptations, although many others have received english subtitle versions.
Ziya Bazhayev
Ziya 'Ziyaudi' Yusupovich Bazhayev (Russian: Зия Юсупович Бажаев; July 11, 1960 —  March 9, 2000) was a prominent Russian businessman of Chechen origin specializing in oil trading.

During the 1990s, he was president of Sidanko (Russian: «СИДАНКО»), the Swiss company Lia Oil (Russian: Швейцарская фирма «Лиа Ойл») from 1992 to 1995, the state unitary oil company in war-torn Chechnya, Southern Oil Company (YUNCO) (Russian: Южная нефтяная компания (ЮНКО)) and the oil company Alliance Group (Russian: «Группа Альянс»), which he founded in April 1998. With numerous personnel from Sidanko, Alliance gained control of the Khabarovsk Refinery at Khabarovsk, which previously was owned by Sidanko, and, a year later, gained control of the Kherson Refinery in Ukraine.

He died in Moscow during a crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40 aircraft shortly after takeoff on March 9, 2000, together with a Russian journalist Artyom Borovik. Bazhayev's death is mentioned in many Nigerian 419 scam e-mails.

Sidanko
Sidanko also transliterated as SIDANCO (Сиданко; Russian: Сибирско-Дальневосточная нефтяная компания, lit. 'Siberian-Far Eastern Oil Company') was a Russian oil company, the 8th largest company in the country by revenue in 1995. Sidanko owned several oil production units, including Chernogorneft and Udmurtneft.