hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Asim Waqif
Asim Waqif is an Indian artist based in New Delhi, whose work is influenced by interdisciplinary fields of art, architecture, ecology and design. He makes site-specific or interactive installations and sculptures, which are often made out of discarded or reclaimed waste materials, like bamboo, rope, tar or trashed metal.

In Waqif's 2012 The New York Times profile, he was quoted as saying: "Contemporary Indian art is so disjointed from the public. It’s elitist. I want to connect with the average person in India." In March 2020, he was named one of the 10 Indian artists shaping contemporary art by the online art platform Artsy.

Artsy (website)
Artsy,  formally known as Art.sy Inc is a New York City based online art brokerage. Its main business is developing and hosting website for numerous galleries as well as selling art for them. It utilizes a search engine and database to draw connections and map relationships among works of art.

The brokerage was founded by Carter Cleveland, a Princeton University computer science graduate. It is currently led by Jeffrey Yin, who was appointed CEO in June 2024.
John Francis Smithwick
John Francis Smithwick (c. 1844 – 27 August 1913) was an Irish businessman and politician.

John Francis Smithwick was a member of the Smithwick's brewing family and took over as head of the firm. He was active in local politics, twice becoming High Sheriff of County Kilkenny and once of Kilkenny City, of which he was mayor in 1884. He was the first chairman of Kilkenny County Council, and one of the Auditors of the National Bank.

From 1880 to 1886 he was Member of Parliament for Kilkenny City, a member of the Home Rule League. As a supporter of Charles Stewart Parnell he was one of the 32 members who were suspended in the sitting of 3 February 1881.

Kilkenny City (UK Parliament constituency)
Kilkenny City was an Irish borough constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, returning one Member of Parliament (MP). It was an original constituency represented in Parliament when the Union of Great Britain and Ireland took effect on 1 January 1801, and remained in existence until its abolition at the 1918 general election.
Ralph S. Brown
Ralph Sharp Brown (1913–1998) was a law professor at Yale Law School from 1946 to 1983 and an expert on competition, copyright law, government security and individual rights. After his 1983 retirement to emeritus status he taught at New York Law School until 1998. He was co-author, with Benjamin Kaplan of the Harvard Law School, of one of the first casebooks on copyright and unfair competition law. Brown was also a recognized expert in legal rights and issues relating to defamation, privacy, and publicity.

Benjamin Kaplan
Benjamin Kaplan (April 11, 1911 – August 18, 2010) was an American copyright and procedure scholar and jurist.  He was also notable as "one of the principal architects" of the Nuremberg trials. And as Reporter to the U.S. Judicial Conference Advisory Committee on Civil Rules, he played a pivotal role in the 1966 revisions to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23, which transformed class action practice in the U.S.
P v P
P v P [1957] NZLR 854 is an often cited High Court of New Zealand case regarding promissory estoppel as far as meeting the rights are suspended and not terminated, one of the seven requirements in order for this to apply. It reinforces the English case of Tool Metal Mfg Co ltd v Tungsten Electric Co Ltd [1955] 2 All ER 657.

Estoppel
Estoppel is a judicial device whereby a court may prevent or "estop" a person from making assertions or from going back on their word. The person barred from doing so is said to be "estopped". Estoppel may prevent someone from bringing a particular claim. In common law legal systems, the legal doctrine of estoppel is based in both common law and equity. 
Estoppel is also a concept in international law.
Tombaugh Cliffs
Tombaugh Cliffs (71°5′S 68°18′W﻿ / ﻿71.083°S 68.300°W﻿ / -71.083; -68.300) is a group of ice-free cliffs which stand at the north side of the mouth of Pluto Glacier and face towards the George VI Ice Shelf which occupies George VI Sound, on the east side of Alexander Island, Antarctica. Photographed from the air by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition in 1947–48; surveyed by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey from 1948 to 1950. The naming by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee continues the astronomy related or celestial theme displayed in the toponymy of this area. The cliffs were named for Clyde Tombaugh (1906-1997), an American astronomer who studied at Lowell Observatory and who first discovered the dwarf planet Pluto in 1930.

Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition
The Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) was an aerial survey of the Falkland Islands Dependencies and the Antarctic Peninsula which took place in the 1955–56 and 1956–57 southern summers.

Funded by the Colonial Office and organized by Peter Mott, the survey was carried out by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd.  The expedition was based at Deception Island and utilized the Oluf Sven, two Canso flying-boats, and several helicopters.

The photographic collection, held by the British Antarctic Survey as the United Kingdom Antarctic Mapping Centre, comprises about 12,800 frames taken on 26,700 kilometers of ground track.
Human trafficking in the United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates ratified the  2000 UN TIP Protocol in January 2009.

In 2017 the United Arab Emirates was a destination country for men and women who are mostly trafficked for labor and prostitution.  The U.S. State Department's Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons placed the country in "Tier 2"  in 2017 and 2023.

Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons
The Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons (J/TIP) is an agency within the United States Department of State charged with investigating and creating programs to prevent human trafficking both within the United States and internationally. The office also presents the Trafficking in Persons Report annually to Congress, concerning human trafficking in the U.S. and other nations.  This report aims to raise awareness about human exploitation and trafficking, and to prevent it. The office's goals are to make the public aware, protect victims, take legal action against violators, establish necessary and just sentences for criminals, and train law enforcement individuals. The office is led by the United States Ambassador-at-Large to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons.
Jojo Baby
Jojo Baby (April 10, 1971 – March 14, 2023) was a Chicago-based visual artist, drag performer, doll-maker, and hairdresser known for its contributions to the city's nightlife scene, artistic work, impact on drag, and as a hair stylist for Dennis Rodman.

Clive Barker
Clive Barker (born 5 October 1952) is a British writer, filmmaker, and visual artist. He came to prominence in the 1980s with a series of short stories collectively named the Books of Blood, which established him as a leading horror author. His work has been adapted into films, notably the Hellraiser series (the first installment of which he also wrote and directed) and the Candyman series.

Barker's paintings and illustrations have been shown in galleries in the United States, and have appeared in his books. He has also created characters and series for comic books, and some of his more popular horror stories have been featured in ongoing comics series.
Wyndham Robertson
Wyndham Robertson (26 January 1803 – 11 February 1888) was the Acting Governor of the U.S. state of Virginia from 1836 to 1837. He also twice served multiple terms in the Virginia House of Delegates, the second series representing Richmond during the American Civil War.

A Whig, Robertson advocated for the United States during the secession crisis that precipitated the Civil War. However, after Lincoln's call for troops, he joined in Virginia's secession. After the war, he became a member of the Committee of Nine that helped usher Virginia back into the Union without imposing disabilities upon former Confederates. Towards the end of his life, Robertson published a book about Pocahontas and her descendants, including himself.

John Rolfe
John Rolfe (c. 1585 – March 1622) was an English explorer, farmer and merchant. He is best known for being the husband of Pocahontas and the first settler in the colony of Virginia to successfully cultivate a tobacco crop for export.

He played a crucial role in the Virginia Colony's early economy by introducing a sweeter strain of tobacco from Trinidad, which became a profitable cash crop. Rolfe married Pocahontas, daughter of Native American leader Powhatan, and they had a son named Thomas. Rolfe and Pocahontas traveled to England in 1616 to promote colonization and investment in Virginia. After Pocahontas died, Rolfe returned to Virginia and continued working with tobacco. The tobacco strain cultivated by Rolfe laid the foundation for Virginia's thriving tobacco industry.
Kenneth Johnson (politician)
Kenneth Johnson (October 6, 1944 – January 2005) was a political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Rogersville-Kouchibouguac in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1995 to 1999 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Saint-Louis-de-Kent, New Brunswick and educated at Dalhousie University and the University of Moncton. Johnson was a municipal administrator in Saint-Louis-de-Kent. He also served as president and director for the local Caisse-Populaire. Johnson died at the age of 60, apparently from injuries sustained after losing control of his snowmobile

Université de Moncton
The Université de Moncton is a Canadian French-language university in New Brunswick. It includes campuses in Edmundston, Moncton, and Shippagan.

The university was founded in 1963 following the recommendations of the royal commission on higher education in New Brunswick. Since then, the institution has been widely regarded as the heir to several Acadian institutions of higher learning such as the Collège Saint-Joseph.

The university offers training and research in the fields of business, arts, social sciences, law, engineering, sciences, health, social work, community services and education. Students come from New Brunswick, other provinces in Canada and internationally. The University offers nearly 198 programs in the three cycles of study.
MyGreenElectronics
myGreenElectronics is a public service online portal for consumers to recycle or reuse their electronics products once they have reached end-of-life.  It was designed by The Consumer Electronics Association to empower consumers to make what some people consider "responsible choices" throughout their products’ life cycle (purchasing, use, reuse, and recycling), but does not specifically endorse any one company or business practice, and is meant to be an objective resource.

Consumer Technology Association
The Consumer Technology Association (CTA) is North America's largest standards and technology trade organization representing more than 1,200 technology companies. CTA is led by CEO and Vice Chair Gary J. Shapiro.
TENM3
Teneurin-3, also known as Ten-m3, Odz3, Ten-m/Odz3, Tenascin-like molecule major 3 or Teneurin transmembrane protein 3, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the TENM3, or ODZ3, gene. Ten-m3 is a ~300 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein that is a member of the teneurin/Ten-m/Odz family. The teneurin family currently consists of four members: Ten-m1-Ten-m4. Ten-ms are conserved across both vertebrate and invertebrate species. They are expressed in distinct, but often interconnected, areas of the developing nervous system and in some non-neural tissues. Like the Ten-m family, Ten-m3 plays a critical role in regulating connectivity of the nervous system, particularly in axon pathfinding and synaptic organisation in the motor and visual system. Mutation in the TENM3/ODZ3 gene in humans has been associated with the eye condition, microphthalmia.

Sequence homology
Sequence homology is the biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences, defined in terms of shared ancestry in the evolutionary history of life. Two segments of DNA can have shared ancestry because of three phenomena: either a speciation event (orthologs), or a duplication event (paralogs), or else a horizontal (or lateral) gene transfer event (xenologs).

Homology among DNA, RNA, or proteins is typically inferred from their nucleotide or amino acid sequence similarity. Significant similarity is strong evidence that two sequences are related by evolutionary changes from a common ancestral sequence. Alignments of multiple sequences are used to indicate which regions of each sequence are homologous.
Star of the Circus
Star of the Circus is a 1938 British drama film directed by Albert de Courville and starring Otto Kruger, Gertrude Michael and John Clements. It is a remake of the 1937 German circus film Truxa, itself based on a novel by Heinrich Seiler. It was made at Elstree Studios.

Albert de Courville
Albert Pierre de Courville (26 March 1887 – March 1960; born in Croydon, England) was a writer and  director of theatrical revues, many of which featured the actress and singer Shirley Kellogg, whom he married in June 1913. He began hos career as a journalist and later in his career got into filmmaking.
Vertical thinking
Vertical thinking is a type of approach to problems that usually involves one being selective, analytical, and sequential. It could be said that it is the opposite of lateral thinking. Unlike lateral thinking that involves using added intuition, risk taking, and imagination through unconscious and subconscious processes, vertical thinking consists of using more of a conscious approach via rational assessment in order to take in information or make decisions. This type of thinking encourages individuals to employ a sequential approach to solving problem where a creative and multidirectional response are seen as imprudent. Vertical thinkers prefer to rely on external data and facts in order to avoid failure or counterfactual thinking.

Counterfactual thinking
Counterfactual thinking is a concept in psychology that involves the human tendency to create possible alternatives to life events that have already occurred; something that is contrary to what actually happened. Counterfactual thinking is, as it states: "counter to the facts". These thoughts consist of the "What if?" and the "If only..." that occur when thinking of how things could have turned out differently. Counterfactual thoughts include things that – in the present – could not have happened because they are dependent on events that did not occur in the past.
Betz Halloran
Mary Elizabeth (Betz) Halloran is an American biostatistician who works as a professor of biostatistics, professor of epidemiology, and adjunct professor of applied mathematics at the University of Washington.

Applied mathematics
Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, social science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models.

In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics.
Frank Turner Live from Wembley
Frank Turner Live From Wembley is a Frank Turner concert video released on 3 September 2012. It was filmed on 13 April 2012 at Wembley Arena and the DVD was released on 3 September 2012. The DVD shows the full concert on the first disc, while the second disc contains two documentaries and the promo videos for Frank's singles off his latest album England Keep My Bones. The disc containing the concert was also included as a bonus disc on the compilation of Last Minutes & Lost Evenings, as well as the re-release of England Keep My Bones.

Billy Bragg
Stephen William Bragg (born 20 December 1957) is an English singer, songwriter, musician, author and political activist. His music blends elements of folk music, punk rock and protest songs, with lyrics that mostly span political or romantic themes. His activism is centred on social change and left-wing political causes.
Oliver Hald
Oliver Damgaard Hald (born 20 December 1999) is a Danish cricketer who plays for the Denmark national team. Hald bats and bowls left-handed. In May 2019, he was named in Denmark's squad for a five-match series against Leinster Lightning in Ireland, in preparation for the Regional Finals of the 2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier tournament in Guernsey. The same month, he was named in Denmark's squad for the Regional Finals qualification tournament. He made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut against Jersey, on 16 June 2019.

He was part of Denmark's squad for the 2019 Malaysia Cricket World Cup Challenge League A tournament. He made his List A debut against Malaysia, in the Cricket World Cup Challenge League A tournament on 16 September 2019.

Malaysia national cricket team
The Malaysia national cricket team represents Malaysia in international cricket matches. The team is organised by the Malaysian Cricket Association which has been an associate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 1967.

During the British colonial period, the Federated Malay States, Straits Settlements and Malaya cricket teams played regularly in Interport matches and against other visiting teams. Following Malaysian independence, the team's most frequent opponent has been Singapore in the Saudara Cup and Stan Nagaiah Trophy. Malaysia made its debut in ICC tournaments in the inaugural 1979 ICC Trophy, making regular appearances until ICC pathways were altered in the 2000s and hosting the 1997 ICC Trophy. Malaysia has regularly hosted Asian Cricket Council (ACC) tournaments and finished runner-up in the 1998 ACC Trophy. In the World Cricket League the team reached as high as Division Three, subsequently being placed in the ICC Cricket World Cup Challenge League.
Serbian River Flotilla
The Serbian River Flotilla (Serbian: Речна флотила, romanized: Rečna flotila) is a tactical brigade-level brown water naval branch subordinated to the Serbian Army of the Serbian Armed Forces. Patrolling on the Danube, Sava, and Tisa rivers, it is tasked with environmental policing, counter-terrorism, and border security along country's international river borders.

Várpalota
Várpalota (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈvaːrpɒlotɒ]; German: Burgschloß) is a town in Western Hungary, in the Transdanubian county of Veszprém. It was a mining town during the Socialist era, but the mines have been closed. Most of the citizens work in the nearby cities, Veszprém or Székesfehérvár.
NOOMA
NOOMA is a series of 24 short films (less than 14 minutes each) produced by Flannel that "blend [events of] everyday with discussion about God". The name NOOMA comes from a phonetic spelling of the Greek word πνευμα (pneuma), meaning "wind or spirit". The video series consists of 24 videos created featuring Christian teacher Rob Bell, which appeared from 2002 through 2009.

Grandville, Michigan
Grandville is a city in Kent County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 16,083 according to the 2020 census.

Grandville is just southwest of the city of Grand Rapids and is part of the Grand Rapids metropolitan area.  It was first settled in 1833 and later incorporated as a city in 1933.
VIA Technologies
VIA Technologies, Inc. (Chinese: 威盛電子; pinyin: Wēishèng Diànzǐ) is a Taiwanese manufacturer of integrated circuits, mainly motherboard chipsets, CPUs, and memory. It was once the world's largest independent manufacturer of motherboard chipsets. As a fabless semiconductor company, VIA conducts research and development of its chipsets in-house, then subcontracts the actual (silicon) manufacturing to third-party merchant foundries such as TSMC.

VIA is also the parent company of VIA Labs Inc. (VLI, Chinese: 威鋒電子). As an independently traded subsidiary, VLI develops and markets USB 3, USB 4, USB Type-C, and USB PD controllers for computer peripherals and mobile devices.

Motherboard
A motherboard, also known as a mainboard, system board, logic board, and informally mobo (see "Nomenclature" section), is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems. It holds and allows communication between many of the crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals.

Unlike a backplane, a motherboard usually contains significant sub-systems, such as the CPU, the chipset's input/output and memory controllers, interface connectors, and other components integrated for general use.: 48
Roads, Ohio
Roads (previously Berlin Crossroads) is an unincorporated community in Milton Township, Jackson County, Ohio, United States, south of Wellston around the intersection of Ohio State Route 327 and Ohio State Route 124, at 39°04′52″N 82°32′17″W﻿ / ﻿39.08111°N 82.53806°W﻿ / 39.08111; -82.53806.

Settled by Germans and originally called Berlin X Roads, the post office was established on June 28, 1850, and stayed in service under that name until December 30, 1933. As of 1901, it was known as Berlin Cross Roads.

After World War II, due to hard feelings toward Nazi Germany, the "Berlin Cross" part was dropped and, in 1962, the United States Geological Survey registered it under its current name, with a population of 130.

Ohio State Route 124
State Route 124 (SR 124) is an east–west state highway in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio.  Its western terminus is at State Route 134 nearly 4 miles (6.4 km) southeast of Martinsville, and its eastern terminus is near the unincorporated village of Torch at the concurrency of U.S. Route 50, State Route 7, and State Route 32 in extreme southeastern Athens County.  The road passes through numerous villages along its route, many of them economically depressed.  State Route 124 has the longest concurrency of state routes in Ohio, running concurrent with State Route 32 for 35½ miles.  The road was recently rerouted in 2003 following the extension of U.S. Route 33 to the Ravenswood Bridge.
Dutch Leonard (left-handed pitcher)
Hubert Benjamin "Dutch" Leonard, (April 16, 1892 – July 11, 1952) was an American left-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball who had an 11-year career from 1913 to 1921, and 1924 to 1925. He played for the Boston Red Sox and Detroit Tigers and holds both the American League record and the major league modern-era record for the lowest single-season ERA of all time — 0.96 in 1914.

He is not to be confused with Emil "Dutch" Leonard, a right-handed pitcher who pitched in the major leagues between 1933 and 1953.

San Joaquin Valley League
The San Joaquin Valley League was a minor league baseball league that operated from 1910 through 1911.  The league operated primarily in the San Joaquin Valley in California. The league disbanded on July 18, 1911. The Bakersfield Drillers and Tulare Merchants won league championships.