hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Johannes Messenius
Johannes Messenius (1579–1636) was a Swedish historian, dramatist and university professor. He was born in the village of Freberga, in Stenby parish in Östergötland, and died in Oulu, in modern-day Finland.

Östergötland
Östergötland (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈœ̂sːtɛrˌjøːtland] ⓘ; English exonym: East Gothland) is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden (landskap in Swedish) in the south of Sweden. It borders Småland, Västergötland, Närke, Södermanland and the Baltic Sea. In older English literature, the Latinized version Ostrogothia is also used. The corresponding administrative county, Östergötland County, covers the entire province and parts of neighbouring provinces.
Tchicaya
Tchicaya or Thystère Tchicaya is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Tchicaya U Tam'si (1931 – 1988), Congolese author, born Gérald-Félix Tchicaya

Jean-Félix Tchicaya (1903 – 1961), Congolese politician in the French colony of Middle Congo

Jean-Pierre Thystère Tchicaya (1936 – 2008), Congolese politician

Jean-Marc Thystère Tchicaya (born 1964), Congolese politician

Thibault Tchicaya (born 1983), Gabon international footballer

Jean-Pierre Thystère Tchicaya
Jean-Pierre Thystère Tchicaya (January 7, 1936 – June 20, 2008) was a Congolese politician. He was briefly acting head of state of Congo-Brazzaville in February 1979 and was President of the National Assembly from 2002 to 2007. He also led a political party, the Rally for Democracy and Social Progress (RDPS), from 1990 to 2008.
USS Liddle
Two ships of the United States Navy (USN) have been named USS Liddle. They are the following;

USS Liddle (DE-76), a Buckley-class destroyer escort transferred to the United Kingdom and renamed HMS Bligh and entered service in 1943. The ship was returned to the US in 1945 and sold for ship breaking in 1946.

USS Liddle (DE-206), a Buckley-class destroyer escort that served with the USN from 1943 to 1967.

HMS Bligh
HMS Bligh  was a Captain-class frigate active during World War II. She was named after William Bligh, commander of HMS Director at the Battle of Camperdown during the French Revolutionary War, and commander of HMS Bounty.

Originally destined for the US Navy as a turbo-electric (TE) type Buckley-class destroyer escort, HMS Bligh was provisionally given the name USS Liddle, a name that was later reassigned to another ship. However, the delivery was diverted to the Royal Navy before the launch.
Crassula thunbergiana
Crassula thunbergiana is a herb in the family Crassulaceae.

The annual herb typically grows to a height of 10 centimetres (3.9 in). It blooms between September and October producing white flowers.

It not native to Western Australia but is found in disturbed areas in the Great Southern, Wheatbelt, South West and Peel regions.

South West (Western Australia)
The South West region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia. It has an area of 23,970 square kilometres (9,250 sq mi), and a population of about 170,000 people. Bunbury is the main city in the region.
Medal "For Courage in a Fire"
The Medal "For Courage in a Fire" (Russian: Медаль «За отвагу на пожаре») was a civilian and military state bravery award of the Soviet Union established on October 31, 1957, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR to recognise deeds of courage and of leadership while fighting fires.  The medal's statute was amended on July 18, 1980, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR No. 2523-X.  The medal ceased to be awarded following the December 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union, it was replaced in 1994 by the Russian Federation's Medal "For Life Saving" and by ministerial level awards, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry for Emergency Situations both have medals "For Courage in a Fire".

Ministry of Emergency Situations (Russia)
The Ministry of Civil Defence, Emergencies and Disaster Relief (full name in Russian: Министерство Российской Федерации по делам гражданской обороны, чрезвычайным ситуациям и ликвидации последствий стихийных бедствий (МЧС России), English: Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Elimination of the Consequences of Natural Disasters (Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia)), is a Russian government agency overseeing the civil emergency services in Russia.

President Boris Yeltsin established EMERCOM on January 10, 1994, though the ministry can be traced back to December 27, 1990, when the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) established the Russian Rescue Corps and assigned it the mission of rapid response to emergencies.
Isobella Jade
Isobella Jade (born September 3, 1982) is an American author and essayist, former petite model and inspirational speaker and also works in public relations. She is known as one of the first people to do something notable inside an Apple store, typing her first draft of her manuscript Almost 5’4”, a modeling memoir, at the Apple Store on Prince Street in SoHo in New York City when she was 23 years old.  Jade has been featured in The New York Times, The New York Post, The Los Angeles Times, The Sydney Morning Herald, Glamour, Allure, Mac Life, Mac World UK, Marie Claire UK and multiple other international fashion magazines and Apple culture magazines.

Self-publishing
Self-publishing is an author-driven publication of any media without the involvement of a third-party publisher. Since the advent of the internet, self-publishing usually depends on digital platforms and print-on-demand technology, ranging from physical books to eBooks. Examples include magazines, print-on-demand books, music albums, pamphlets, brochures, video games, video content, artwork, zines, and web fiction. Self-publishing is an alternative to traditional publishing that has implications for production, cost and revenue, distribution, and public perception.
Ingo Heidbrink
Ingo Heidbrink (born 1968) is a German maritime historian who is Professor of History with a specialization on Maritime History at Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia.
He is specialized on Fisheries History, Traditional Watercraft and Museum Ships, Methodology of Maritime History and interdisciplinary research projects. Since Summer 2021 he is Chair of the Department of History at Old Dominion University.

University of Greenland
The University of Greenland (Greenlandic: Ilisimatusarfik Kalaallit Nunaat; Danish: Grønlands Universitet) is Greenland's only university. It is in the capital city of Nuuk. Most courses are taught in Danish, with a few in Greenlandic, but classes by exchange lecturers are often in English.

The university had an enrollment of 205 students in 2018, composed of mostly Greenlandic inhabitants. It has around fourteen academic staff and five technical-administrative employees. The modest student population is due, in part, to most Greenlandic students going to universities in Denmark.
Hadashi
Hadashi is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India. Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district. Nearest railway stations around the village are  Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station.

Talegaon railway station
Talegaon railway station or Talegaon station is an important railway station on the Mumbai–Pune railway route. It has two platforms, five lines and one footbridge. This is a major halt for Pune Suburban Railway trains. This station serves as terminal for Pune–Talegaon suburban trains.

The land for the construction of the Talegaon railway station was given to the British government by the Sardar Dabhade family. Now it is owned by Indian Railways. Talegaon MIDC, an industrial area, is situated nearby this station.
Ode Thompson
Ode Thompson (born November 8, 1980) is a Nigerian football player currently retired . Thompson played as a striker.

Thompson began his career in Nigeria with Julius Berger F.C. He moved to Belgium and signed a contract with First Division club K.A.A. Gent in 1996. After a loan spell with Standaard Wetteren he moved to K.R.C. Harelbeke.

After a very good season, he signed a contract with Belgian topclub R.S.C. Anderlecht. However, after a season with little playing time he began his football journey, which brought him to clubs like K.V.C. Westerlo, La Louvière, RBC Roosendaal, K.V. Oostende, Union, K.V.S.K. United, K.M.S.K. Deinze and K.S.V. Roeselare.

In 2009, he signed a contract with Third Division club K.S.V. Oudenaarde. For the 2011–12 season, he will join newly promoted Second Division side Eendracht Aalst.

K.R.C. Zuid-West-Vlaanderen
Koninklijke Racing Club Zuid-West-Vlaanderen was a Belgian football club from the municipality of Harelbeke, West Flanders from 1930 to 2002.  It played one spell in the first division from 1995 to 2001.
Sai Wan Ho Civic Centre
Sai Wan Ho Civic Centre is a community arts centre in Sai Wan Ho, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong and maintained by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department, one of the successors to the territory's Urban Council. It was opened on 4 December 1990.

The 3-floor venue consists of:

Cultural Activities Hall (seats 110)

Music Practice Rooms - 2 rooms seating 20 each

Theatre (1/F) - 471 seat auditorium with stage

Art Studios - 2 rooms seating 20 and 30 people

URBTIX Box Office

It is serviced by Sai Wan Ho station of the MTR Island line.

Leisure and Cultural Services Department
The Leisure and Cultural Services Department (LCSD), is a department in the Government of Hong Kong. It reports to the Culture, Sports & Tourism Bureau, headed by the Secretary for Culture, Sports and Tourism. It provides leisure and cultural activities for the people of Hong Kong, which was also one of the tasks of the former Urban Council, and Regional Council and Home Affairs Bureau. It manages various public facilities around Hong Kong including public libraries, swimming pools, sports centres, parks, beaches and waterfront areas. The well-known Hong Kong Cultural Centre and Hong Kong Space Museum are among several museums also managed by the department. It was established in 2000 and its headquarters is in Shatin, New Territories.

Until July 2022, the department was headed by the Secretary for Home Affairs.
Maryla Falk
Maryla Falk (26 September 1906 in Lviv – 13 June 1980 in Chamonix Mont Blanc) was a Polish indologist, sanskritist and religious scholar. A member of the Polish Oriental Society (1938) and a Fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society (1974), she is best remembered for her book Il mito psicologico nell’India antica (1939), reissued after her death by Adelphi Edizioni (1986) and translated into Polish (Mit psychologiczny w starożytnych Indiach, 2011). Maryla Falk is also known for her treatises l misteri di Novalis (1938) published in Naples, and Nāma-rūpa and Dharma-rūpa. Origin and Aspects of an Ancient Indian Conception (1943) published at the University of Calcutta.

Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, commonly known as the Royal Asiatic Society, was established, according to its royal charter of 11 August 1824, to further "the investigation of subjects connected with and for the encouragement of science, literature and the arts in relation to Asia."  From its incorporation the society has been a forum, through lectures, its journal, and other publications, for scholarship relating to Asian culture and society of the highest level.  It is the United Kingdom's senior learned society in the field of Asian studies. Fellows of the society are elected regularly and include highly accomplished and notable scholars of Asian studies; they use the post-nominal letters FRAS.
Haft-e-Tir Metro Station (Mashhad Metro)
36°19′40.12″N 59°30′0.86″E﻿ / ﻿36.3278111°N 59.5002389°E﻿ / 36.3278111; 59.5002389

Haft-e-Tir Metro Station, meaning 7th of Month of Tir, is a station of Mashhad Metro Line 1. The station opened on 10 October 2011. It is located on Vakilabad Expressway.

Tir (month)
Tir (Persian: تیر, Persian pronunciation: [tiːɾ]) is the fourth month of the Solar Hijri calendar, which is the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. Tir has thirty-one days, spanning parts of June and July in the Gregorian calendar. In Afghan Persian it is called Saraṭān (Cancer).

Tir is the first month of summer, and is followed by Amardad. Named after, Tishtrya, a Zoroastrian benevolent divinity associated with life-bringing rainfall and fertility.
Anabarilius longicaudatus
Anabarilius longicaudatus is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Xenocyprididae, the East Asian minnows or sharpbellies. They are benthopelagic freshwater fish found only in the Pearl River in southern China. They grow to 20 cm (7.9 in) TL.

Xenocyprididae
Xenocyprididae is a family of freshwater ray-finned fishes, commonly called the East Asian minnows or sharpbellies. They have a natural distribution in Asia. This taxon, sometimes spelt Xenocypridae, was previously regarded to be a subfamily, Xenocyprinae, of the family Cyprinidae. Cyprinidae sensu lato is now divided into a number of smaller families within the suborder Cyprinoidei, in the order Cypriniformes.
Chiodecton leprarioides
Chiodecton leprarioides is a species of lichen in the family Roccellaceae. Found in Réunion, it was described as a new species in 2021 by the lichenologists Klaus Kalb and André Aptroot. The type was collected in the Cirque de Cilaos, on the climb towards the Col du Taïbit, at an elevation of about 1,300 m (4,300 ft). Here it was found growing on tree bark in a secondary scrub forest. The specific epithet leprarioides refers to the farinose (mealy) soredia that cover the lichen thallus.

Cilaos
Cilaos (French pronunciation: [silaɔs] ⓘ) is a town and commune on the French island of Réunion in the Indian Ocean. It is located centrally on the island, in a caldera of altitude 1,214 m. The caldera (usually known as the 'Cirque') is also named for the community.
Dapdap High School
Dapdap High School is a secondary school located at Dapdap Resettlement Area, Bamban, Tarlac, Philippines.

Faculty member Ruperto G. Patangui, Jr. became the first recipient of the Outstanding ICT Teacher award, in December 2007. He is credited for the development of the official website of DepED Tarlac Province, the first schools division website in
the region.

DHS, in the November, 2022 "Reading Month Celebration" conducted reading sessions for frustrated readers, disinterested readers and disabled learners. Head Teacher III Lorna Castro and Philippine Information Agency Tarlac Information Center Manager, Trixie Joy Manalili announced its theme “Learning Recovery Through a Culture of Reading: Our Priority, Our Responsibility.”

Façade of Dapdap High School

Arch gate

Façade

Road right of way

Reading
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of symbols, often specifically those of a written language, by means of sight or touch.

For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), punctuation, alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation.

Other types of reading and writing, such as pictograms (e.g., a hazard symbol or an emoji), are not based on speech-based writing systems. The common link is the interpretation of symbols to extract the meaning from the visual notations or tactile signals (e.g., braille).

There is a growing body of evidence which illustrates the importance of reading for pleasure for both educational purposes as well as personal development.
Maritime history of Odisha
The Maritime history of Odisha, known as Kalinga in ancient times, started much before 800 BC according to early sources. The people of this region of eastern India along the coast of the Bay of Bengal sailed up and down the Indian coast, and travelled to Indo China and throughout Maritime Southeast Asia, introducing elements of their culture to the people with whom they traded. The 6th century Manjusrimulakalpa mentions the Bay of Bengal as Kalingodra and in ancient Classical India, the Bay of Bengal was known as Kalinga Sagar (Kalinga Sea), indicating the importance of Kalinga in the maritime trade. The old traditions are still celebrated in the annual Boita Bandana festival including its major celebration at Cuttack on the banks of Mahanadi river called Bali Jatra, and is held for seven days in October–November at various coastal districts, most famous at Cuttack though.

Indosphere
Indosphere is a term used for areas of Indian linguistic influence in the neighboring Southern Asian, Southeast Asian, and East Asian regions. It is commonly used in areal linguistics in contrast with the Sinophone languages of the Mainland Southeast Asia linguistic area of the Sinosphere.

Notably, unlike terms such as Anglosphere, Hispanosphere or Francosphere that refer to the multinational spread and influence of a single language with multiple dialects (English, Spanish and French respectively from the example), Indosphere refers to the influence of all the native languages of the Indian subcontinent, which includes Indo-Aryan and Dravidian languages.
Cerrillos, Salta
Cerrillos is a city in the province of Salta, Argentina. It has about 18,000 inhabitants as per the 2001 census [INDEC], and it is the head town of the Cerrillos Department. It is located just 15 km south of the city of Salta, capital of the province.

National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina
The National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos, mostly known for its acronym INDEC) is an Argentine decentralized public body that operates within the Ministry of Economy, which leads all official statistical activities carried out in the country.

In February 2013, the International Monetary Fund censured Argentina for failing to report accurate inflation data. Political intervention in the INDEC figures ended, and the IMF declared in November 2016 that Argentine statistics were again in accordance with international standards.
Khanyisa
Khanyisa may  refer to:

Khanyisa Mayo, South African soccer player

Khanyisa Chawane, South African netball player

Khanyisile Litchfield-Tshabalala, former South African navy admiral

Khanyisile Motsa, South African humanitarian

Khanyisile Motsa
Khanyisile Motsa is a humanitarian working to improve living conditions for South African children.

Also known as Mam Khanyi, she founded Home of Hope for Girls (HoH) in Johannesburg in 2002 after opening her home to young girls fleeing prostitution and trafficking. HoH provides shelter for seventy-five girls and has helped thousands by working with the South African police and social services.

When Trevor Noah launched The Trevor Noah Foundation to help equip South African orphans and vulnerable youth with education and life skills, he invited Mam Khanyi to contribute as a panelist.
M. Sundardas
M. Sundardas is an Indian politician three times Member of Legislative assembly. He was elected to Tamil Nadu legislative assembly from Vilavancode constituency in 1984, 1989 and 1991 elections as an Indian National Congress candidate.

1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The ninth legislative assembly election of Tamil Nadu was held on 21 January 1989. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) won the election and its leader M. Karunanidhi became the Chief Minister. It was his third term in office. The DMK was in power only for a short term, as it was dismissed on 31 January 1991 by the Indian Prime minister Chandra Shekhar using Article 356 of the Indian Constitution.
Carbohydrate dehydrogenase
Carbohydrate dehydrogenases are a group of dehydrogenase enzymes that occur in many organisms and facilitate the conversion from a carbohydrate to an aldehyde, lactone, or ketose.

Carbohydrate dehydrogenases are the most common quinoprotein oxidoreductases, which are enzymes that oxidize a wide range of molecules.

An example includes L-gulonolactone oxidase.

They are categorized under EC number 1.1. More specifically, they are in three subcodes: 1, 2, and 99, categorized as follows:

EC 1.1.1 With NAD or NADP as acceptor

EC 1.1.2 With a cytochrome as acceptor

EC 1.1.99 With other acceptors

Electron acceptor
An electron acceptor is a chemical entity that accepts electrons transferred to it from another compound. Electron acceptors are oxidizing agents.

The electron accepting power of an electron acceptor is measured by its redox potential.

In the simplest case, electron acceptors are reduced by one electron.  The process can alter the structure of the acceptor substantially. When the added electron is highly delocalized, the structural consequences of the reduction can be subtle. The central C-C distance in the electron acceptor tetracyanoethylene elongates from 135 to 143 pm upon acceptance of an electron.  In the formation of some donor-acceptor complexes, less than one electron is transferred.  TTF-TCNQ is a charge transfer complex.
Buck and the Preacher
Buck and the Preacher is a 1972 American Western film released by Columbia Pictures, written by Ernest Kinoy and directed by Sidney Poitier. Poitier also stars in the film alongside Harry Belafonte and Ruby Dee.

This is the first film Sidney Poitier directed. Vincent Canby of The New York Times said Poitier "showed a talent for easy, unguarded, rambunctious humor missing from his more stately movies".

This film broke Hollywood Western traditions by casting black actors as central characters and portraying both tension and solidarity between African Americans and Native Americans in the late 19th century. The notable blues musicians Sonny Terry, Brownie McGhee, and Don Frank Brooks performed in the film's soundtrack, composed by jazz great Benny Carter.

Vincent Canby
Vincent Canby (July 27, 1924 – October 15, 2000) was an American film and theatre critic who was the chief film critic for The New York Times from 1969 until the early 1990s, then its chief theatre critic from 1994 until his death in 2000. He reviewed more than one thousand films during his tenure there.
Comune
A comune (pronounced [koˈmuːne]; pl.: comuni, pronounced [koˈmuːni]) is an administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions (regioni) and provinces (province). The comune can also have the title of città (lit. 'city').

Formed praeter legem according to the principles consolidated in medieval municipalities, the comune is provided for by article 114 of the Constitution of Italy. It can be divided into frazioni, which in turn may have limited power due to special elective assemblies.

In the autonomous region of the Aosta Valley, a comune is officially called a commune in French.

Praeter legem
In Legal Latin, the phrase praeter legem ("outside of the law") "refers to an item that is not regulated by law and therefore is not illegal".  It is thus distinct from the phrase contra legem, which refers to something that is directly against the law and therefore illegal or in conflict with statutes or other written regulation without being illegal or invalid, and it may also be compared to intra legem, "within the law" (legal).

Items that are generally called praeter legem include certain customs.