hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Diffusive gradients in thin films
The diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique is an environmental chemistry technique for the detection of elements and compounds in aqueous environments, including natural waters, sediments and soils. It is well suited to in situ detection of bioavailable toxic trace metal contaminants. The technique involves using a specially designed passive sampler that houses a binding gel, diffusive gel and membrane filter. The element or compound passes through the membrane filter and diffusive gel and is assimilated by the binding gel in a rate-controlled manner. Post-deployment analysis of the binding gel can be used to determine the time-weighted-average bulk solution concentration of the element or compound via a simple equation.

Concentration
In chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Several types of mathematical description can be distinguished: mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration. The concentration can refer to any kind of chemical mixture, but most frequently refers to solutes and solvents in solutions. The molar (amount) concentration has variants, such as normal concentration and osmotic concentration. Dilution is reduction of concentration, e.g., by adding solvent to a solution. The verb "to concentrate" means to increase concentration, the opposite of dilute.
Juliet of the Spirits
Juliet of the Spirits (Italian: Giulietta degli spiriti) is a 1965 fantasy comedy-drama film directed by Federico Fellini and starring Giulietta Masina, Sandra Milo, Mario Pisu, Valentina Cortese, and Valeska Gert. The film is about the visions, memories, and mysticism that help a middle-aged woman find the strength to leave her philandering husband. The film uses "caricatural types and dream situations to represent a psychic landscape". It was Fellini's first feature-length color film, but followed his use of color in "The Temptation of Doctor Antonio" episode in the portmanteau film, Boccaccio '70 (1962).

The film was shown in competition at the 26th Venice International Film Festival; and received Academy Award nominations for Best Costume Design and Best Set Decoration. It won the 1966 Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film, and Giulietta Masina won a David di Donatello for her performance. Woody Allen loosely remade it with his 1990 film Alice.

David di Donatello for Best Actress
The David di Donatello Award for Best Actress (Italian: David di Donatello per la migliore attrice protagonista) is a film award presented annually by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano (ACI, Academy of Italian Cinema) to recognize the outstanding performance in a leading role of an actress who has worked within the Italian film industry during the year preceding the ceremony. Nominees and winner are selected via run-off voting by all the members of the Accademia.

The award was first given in 1956. Sophia Loren is the record holder in this category, with seven awards, followed by Margherita Buy and Monica Vitti, with five awards each.
Third Man Records
Third Man Records is an eclectic, vinyl-focused independent record label founded and owned by Jack White, Ben Blackwell, and Ben Swank. The company operates out of three locations—Nashville, Detroit, and Soho in London—with multiple entities expanding upon the offerings of a traditional record label, including multiple live music venues, vinyl pressing plant, film studio and dark room, guitar pedal and gear company, mastering studio, vinyl subscription service, and a publishing arm.

Record press
A record press or stamper is a machine for manufacturing vinyl records. It is essentially a hydraulic press fitted with thin nickel stampers, which are negative impressions of a master disc. Labels and a pre-heated vinyl patty (or biscuit) are placed in a heated mold cavity. Two stampers are used, one for each side of the disc. The record press closes under about 150 tons of pressure. The process of compression molding forces the hot vinyl to fill the grooves in the stampers, and take the form of the finished record.
José Saramago Foundation
The José Saramago Foundation is a cultural private institution located in the Casa dos Bicos, in Lisbon (Portugal). A smaller branch has been opened in Azinhaga do Ribatejo, home village of José Saramago, the Portuguese Nobel Prize in Literature 1998. Founded by the writer in June 2007, its main institutional principles are to defend and spread the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the promotion of culture in Portugal as well as in all the countries, and particular concerns about environmentalism.

The Casa dos Bicos, being the head office of this institution since June 2012, also offers, along with the permanent exhibition The seed and the fruits, about the life and work of José Saramago, cultural events such as books launching, theater plays, conferences, debates, poetry sessions, music concerts, among others.

The house where the writer and his wife Pilar del Río lived until his death in 2010, called just A Casa (The House), is also open to visitors in Tías, Lanzarote (Spain).

Meeting
A meeting is when two or more people come together to discuss one or more topics, often in a formal or business setting, but meetings also occur in a variety of other environments. Meetings can be used as form of group decision-making and as a setting for sharing of information or intelligence.
Jim Shorter
James Shorter (June 8, 1938 – June 1, 2000) was an American football defensive back in the National Football League for the Cleveland Browns, Washington Redskins, and the Pittsburgh Steelers.  He played college football at the University of Detroit and was drafted in the fourteenth round of the 1962 NFL draft.

He was a participant in the 1967 Cleveland Summit which was held in support of Muhammad Ali's draft refusal during the Vietnam War.

University of Detroit Mercy
The University of Detroit Mercy is a private Catholic university in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It is sponsored by both the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) and the Sisters of Mercy. The university was founded in 1877 and is the largest Catholic university in Michigan. It has four campuses where it offers more than 100 academic degree programs. In athletics, the university sponsors 17 NCAA Division I sports for men and women. It is a member of the Horizon League.
Family Card Games
Family Card Games (Titled Okiraku Daifugō Wii (おきらく大富豪Wii) in Japan) is a video game developed by Arc System Works for the Wii. It was released as a WiiWare title in Japan on June 6, 2009, on November 11, 2009, in North America and on August 11, 2010, in PAL territories at a cost of 500 Wii Points. The game is the 7th in its series and brings an end to the long line of video games branded as Okiraku in Japan and Family games in North America and PAL territories, such as Family Table Tennis and Family Glide Hockey.

Arc System Works
Arc System Works Co., Ltd. (アークシステムワークス株式会社, Āku Shisutemu Wākusu kabushiki gaisha), commonly referred to as ArcSys, is a Japanese video game developer and publisher located in Yokohama. Founded by Minoru Kidooka in 1988, the company is known for arcade 2D fighting game franchises, including Guilty Gear and BlazBlue. They have also developed other fighting games using external licenses, including Dragon Ball FighterZ, Persona 4 Arena and Arena Ultimax, Granblue Fantasy Versus and Versus Rising, Marvel Tōkon: Fighting Souls, and others.
Domen Fawr, Tafolwern
52°36′37″N 3°38′21″W﻿ / ﻿52.61014°N 3.63919°W﻿ / 52.61014; -3.63919
Domen Fawr, or Tafolwern Castle was a motte-and-bailey castle of the Middle Ages. It is situated in Tafolwern, near Llanbrynmair in Powys. It is registered with Cadw as monument MG065 and is a scheduled monument.

The motte is 6 metres high and 40 metres wide at the base. It lies between two small rivers - Afon Twymyn and Afon Rhiw Saeson, which may have been dammed to form a moat. It was likely built by Owain Cyfeiliog around 1149. It was captured by Hywel ap Ieuaf in 1162, then recaptured by Owain. The last reference to the site is in 1244, when Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn was trapped there by a Welsh army.

Llanbrynmair
Llanbrynmair or Llanbryn-mair (Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a village, community and electoral ward in Powys, Wales. It is on the A470 road between Caersws and Machynlleth, and had a population of 920 in 2011.
Will Thomas (basketball)
William Benson Thomas (born July 1, 1986) is a retired American-Georgian professional basketball player. Throughout his career, he won the EuroCup and the Champions League as well as the Spanish championship. He is former college basketball player for George Mason University. He also holds a Georgian passport.

VTB United League
The VTB United League (Russian: Единая Лига ВТБ) is an international professional men's club basketball league that was founded in 2009. As of the 2025–26 season, it consists exclusively of Russian clubs. Since 2013, it is the first tier of Russian professional club basketball. Therefore, the highest placed Russian team in the league can also be named the Russian national champions. The league is sponsored by Russian state-owned VTB Bank. In 2009 CSKA Moscow won VTB United League Promo-Cup, but this competition does not count as official VTB title. CSKA has dominated the league, having won majority of titles its existence. The VTB United League also holds a youth competition, the VTB United Youth League.
Jordanita algirica
Jordanita algirica is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It is found in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. There are also some unconfirmed records from Sicily.

The length of the forewings is 8.1–13 mm for males and 7.1–12 mm for females. Adults are on wing from April onwards on low altitudes and up to July in mountainous areas. They feed on the flower nectar of various Asteraceae species.

In Morocco, J. algirica is a very variable species.

The larvae feed on Carthamus calvus.

Zygaenidae
The Zygaenidae moths are a family of Lepidoptera. The majority of zygaenids are tropical, but they are nevertheless quite well represented in temperate regions. Some of the 1000 or so species are commonly known as burnet or forester moths, often qualified by the number of spots, although other families also have 'foresters'. They are also sometimes called smoky moths.

All 43 species of Australian zygaenids are commonly known as foresters and belong to the tribe Artonini. The only nonendemic species in Australia is Palmartona catoxantha, a Southeast Asian pest species which is believed to be already present in Australia or likely to arrive soon.
Dragan Milosavljević
Dragan Milosavljević (Serbian Cyrillic: Драган Милосављевић; born May 11, 1989) is a Serbian professional basketball player and team captain for Igokea m:tel of the Bosnian League and the ABA League. He also represented the Serbian national basketball team internationally. Standing at 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m), he plays at the shooting guard and small forward positions.

Basketball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Basketball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina is the top–tier men's professional basketball league in Bosnia and Herzegovina for men and women, respectively. The league is operated by the Basketball Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
John Birch (diplomat)
Sir John Allan Birch KCVO CMG (24 May 1935 – 6 May 2020) was a British diplomat who was knighted in 1993. He was educated at Leighton Park School and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. Sir John was Ambassador to Hungary until his retirement in 1995.

Diplomatic rank
Diplomatic rank is a system of professional and social rank used in the world of diplomacy and international relations. A diplomat's rank determines many ceremonial details, such as the order of precedence at official processions, table seatings at state dinners, the person to whom diplomatic credentials should be presented, and the title by which the diplomat should be addressed.
Gudha, Bhiwani
Gudha is a village in the Bhiwani district of the Indian state of Haryana. Located in the Tosham tehsil, it lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) west  of the district headquarters town of Bhiwani. As of the 2011 Census of India, the village had 559 households with a total population of 2,959 of which 1,595 were male and 1,394 female.

Bhiwani district
Bhiwani district is one of the 22 districts of the northern Indian state of Haryana. Created on 22 December 1972, it was the largest district of the state by area, before the creation of Charkhi Dadri as a separate district, as it occupied an area of 4,778 square kilometres (1,845 mi2) and administered 442 villages with a population of 1,634,445. Sirsa is now the largest district of the state.

The district headquarters is the city of Bhiwani, which is around 124 kilometres (77 mi) from the national capital Delhi. Other major towns in the district are Siwani, Loharu, Tosham, Bawani Khera, Kohlawas, Lamba.

As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Haryana (out of 21), after Faridabad and Hisar.
The Story of Christine von Herre
The Story of Christine von Herre (German: Der Roman der Christine von Herre) is a 1921 German silent drama film directed by Ludwig Berger and starring Agnes Straub, Werner Krauss, and Paul Hartmann. It was based on a novella by Heinrich Zschokke. It was shot at the Babelsberg Studios of Decla-Bioscop in Berlin and on location at Glatz in Silesia. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Rudolf Bamberger and Franz Seemann. The film premiered on 30 September 1921 at the UT-Kurfürstendamm and the UT-Nollendorfplatz in Berlin. It was popular at the box office and with critics.

Kłodzko
Kłodzko ([ˈkwɔt͡skɔ] ⓘ; Czech: Kladsko; German: Glatz; Latin: Glacio) is a historic town in south-western Poland, in the region of Lower Silesia. It is situated in the centre of the Kłodzko Valley, on the Eastern Neisse (Nysa Kłodzka) river.

Kłodzko is the seat of Kłodzko County (and of the rural Gmina Kłodzko, although the town itself is a separate urban gmina), and is situated in Lower Silesian Voivodeship. With 25,717 inhabitants at the 2021 Census, Kłodzko is the main commercial centre as well as an important transport and tourist node for the area.

For its historical monuments it is sometimes referred to as "Little Prague" (Polish: Mała Praga). It was established as a settlement in the 10th century, and is one of the oldest towns in Poland, having been granted city rights in 1233. Culturally and traditionally a part of Bohemia, administratively it has been periodically part of Silesia in the Middle Ages and again permanently since 1763.
Cedano
Cedano or Cedaño is a Spanish surname.

People with this surname include:

Marco Cedano (born 1951), Mexican master distiller and tequila entrepreneur

Pablo Cedano Cedano, Auxiliary Bishop emeritus of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santo Domingo

Sergio Cedano, soccer player on the All-time Lancaster Rattlers roster

Federico Monteverde Cedano, from the List of governors of Melilla

Marcelino Cedano, delegate to the Constitutional Congress of Querétaro for Tepic Territory

Ramón Emilio Cedaño, a Dominican boxer who fought Jonathan Guzmán, Emmanuel Rodríguez and Jonathan González

Rafael Antonio Julian Cedano, head of mission from the Dominican Republic to Bolivia and Peru

Darío Cedano, Colombian cyclist in the 1998 Vuelta a Colombia, 2001 Clásico RCN

John Zair Cedano, Colombian cyclist in the 2005 Clásico RCN

Jonathan González (flyweight)
Jonathan González Ortiz (born April 24, 1991) is a Puerto Rican professional boxer who has held the World Boxing Organization (WBO) junior flyweight title from 2021 to 2024. As an amateur, González won gold medals at the 2008 Youth World Championships and the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games, both at flyweight.
Sri Rajarajeswari Peetam
The Rajarajeswari Peetam in Rush, New York is a Sanathana Dharma temple that practices the teachings of Shri Vidya. Sri Chaitanyananda Natha Saraswathi (known as Aiya) is the peetathipathy of the temple along with his wife Gnanamba (Amma). Aiya is a disciple of Sri Amritananda Natha Saraswathi, the peetathipathy of the Devipuram temple.

Rajarajeswari Peetam was founded in Zambia, then moved to the Aiya's home in Rush in New York state before the current temple was constructed. The temple and its community have been the subject of a monograph by Corrine Dempsey, American professor of religion.

Sanātana Dharma
Sanātana Dharma (Devanagari: सनातन धर्म, meaning "eternal dharma", or "eternal order") or Sanatanism is an alternative term for Hinduism, primarily used as an endonym (native name) to the exonym (foreign name) of Hinduism. The term is found in Sanskrit and other Indian languages.

The term denotes the "eternal" or absolute set of duties or religiously ordained practices incumbent upon all Hindus, regardless of class, caste, or sect. Many Hindus in the Indian subcontinent call themselves Sanatanis, that is, those who follow the 'eternal dharma', to evoke a certain homogeneity in Hinduism. Its use to signify Hinduism as a religion was popularised since the 19th century by champions of Hindu orthodoxy such as Pandit Shraddha Ram in reaction to missionaries and Hindu reformers such as Arya Samaj and Brahmo Samaj. Aside from its use in socio-religious contexts, it also sustains a political necessity for many Hindus.
Florence Timponi
Florence Timponi Jennings (August 9, 1896 – January 21, 1991), born Florence Lucille Timpone, also known as Melva Talma, was an American singer, actress, Ziegfeld girl, and vaudeville performer, billed as "the Sunshine Girl".

Ziegfeld girl
The term "Ziegfeld Girl" (or "Ziegfeld Follies Girl") is used broadly to describe the "singers, showgirls, comediennes, [and] dancers" who appeared in Florenz Ziegfeld Jr.'s theatrical Broadway revue spectaculars known as the Ziegfeld Follies.
Han Jin-sook
Han Jin-sook (Korean: 한진숙; born 15 December 1979) is a South Korean women's international footballer who plays as a midfielder. She is a member of the South Korea women's national football team. She was part of the team at the 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup. On club level she plays for Daekyo Kangaroos in South Korea.

2003 FIFA Women's World Cup
The 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup was the fourth edition of the FIFA Women's World Cup, the quadrennial championship of women's national soccer teams organized by FIFA. It was held in the United States from September 20 to October 12, 2003, at six venues in six cities across the country. The tournament was won by Germany, who became the first country to win both the men's and women's World Cup.

China was originally awarded the right to host the tournament, which would have taken place from September 23 to October 11 in four cities. A severe outbreak of SARS in early 2003 affected Guangdong in southern China and prompted FIFA to move the Women's World Cup to the United States, who had hosted the previous edition in 1999. China was instead granted hosting rights for the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup and financial compensation while the United States Soccer Federation made new arrangements to host at smaller stadiums.
Landermere Wharf
Landermere Wharf, sometimes called Landermere Quay, is a former dock area suitable for lying at anchor in the Tendring district of Essex, England.

The wharf was first used in the Elizabethan era, and was sold in 1760 to Richard Rigby. The main cargo was coal, corn and Scandinavian wood. The area had a tide mill in 1292, which was rebuilt in 1493, but no trace remains now.

In 1954 resident artists Eduardo Paolozzi and Nigel Henderson (artist) established Hammer Prints Limited, which traded their designs for wallpapers, textiles and ceramics from premises there until 1975.

It is now primarily a small residential hamlet in the administrative area of Thorpe-le-Soken.

Tide mill
A tide mill is a water mill driven by tidal rise and fall. A dam with a sluice is created across a suitable tidal inlet, or a section of river estuary is made into a reservoir.  As the tide comes in, it enters the mill pond through a one-way gate, and this gate closes automatically when the tide begins to fall.  When the tide is low enough, the stored water can be released to turn a water wheel.

Tide mills are usually situated in river estuaries, away from the effects of waves but close enough to the sea to have a reasonable tidal range.  Cultures that built such mills have existed since the Middle Ages, and some may date back to the Roman period.

A modern version of a tide mill is the electricity-generating tidal barrage.
Esquimalt—Saanich—Sooke
Esquimalt—Saanich—Sooke is a federal electoral district in Greater Victoria, located on the southern tip of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada.

It was created by the 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution, the district came into effect in 2013, and first contested in the general election on Monday October 19th, 2015. Esquimalt—Saanich—Sooke encompasses portions of the south Island that were previously included in the electoral districts of Esquimalt—Juan de Fuca and Saanich—Gulf Islands. The riding contains the Township of Esquimalt, the City of Colwood, the District of Metchosin, View Royal, Sooke, as well as the North Quadra, Swan Lake and Cloverdale neighbourhoods in Saanich East along with all of Saanich West. The population of the district was 113,004 in 2011.

The district was originally planned to be named "Saanich—Esquimalt—Juan de Fuca".

The riding was redrawn in accordance to the 2023 representation order.

Colwood, British Columbia
Colwood is a city on Vancouver Island to the southwest of Victoria, capital of British Columbia, Canada. Colwood was incorporated in 1985 and has a population of approximately 19,000 people. Colwood lies within the boundaries of the Greater Victoria area or Capital Regional District, in a region called the Western Communities, or the West Shore. Set along more than 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) of oceanfront, this fast-growing seaside community is one of the 13 component municipalities of Greater Victoria.
Magdy Younes
Magdy Kherallah Younes is a Canadian physician and researcher specializing in respirology and sleep medicine. His major areas of focus include reflex control of breathing during exercise, sleep and mechanical ventilation; pathogenesis of respiratory failure; patient-ventilator interactions; hemodynamics of pulmonary circulation; pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea; and determination of novel biomarkers in the electroencephalogram (EEG). He is the inventor of several novel approaches to diagnosis and treatment, including Proportional Assist Ventilation (PAV), methods for non-invasive determination of passive respiratory mechanics during assisted ventilation, and Odds Ratio Product of sleep (ORP). These approaches have led to the development of several medical devices, including the Winnipeg Ventilator.

Modes of mechanical ventilation
Modes of mechanical ventilation refer to the various mechanical ventilator strategies employed to deliver a breath in patients that require mechanical ventilation. The mode refers to the method of respiratory support. In general, mode selection is based on clinician familiarity and institutional preferences, since there is a paucity of evidence indicating that the mode affects clinical outcome.  The most frequently used forms of volume-limited mechanical ventilation are intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) and continuous mandatory ventilation (CMV).