hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Conventus Lucensis
The Conventus Lucensis (conventus iuridicus of Lucus Augusti), was a Roman administrative unit located in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, in Gallaecia. Its name derives from its capital Lucus Augusti (ancient Lugo), the most important city in this convent, economical and administrative center of the country. Its Southern borders were marked by the river Verdugo, and the river Sil (limit with the Conventus bracarensis, in the north the coastline from Morrazo until river Navia (current Asturias), in the East the Ancares' mountains and the Conventus asturicensis.

Serra dos Ancares
The Serra dos Ancares (Spanish: Sierra de los Ancares, also known as Sierra de Ancares) is a mountain range of the Galician Massif in north-west Spain, extending in a south-westerly direction from the western end of the Cantabrian Mountains in Asturias.
Magdalenka, Masovian Voivodeship
Magdalenka [maɡdaˈlɛnka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lesznowola, within Piaseczno County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.

It was also the site of a bloody conflict between Polish Special Forces, BOA, and two heavily armed mafia combatants in 2003. It resulted in two police officers being killed and seventeen wounded. The mafia combatants used homemade mines and explosives, while they also had at least twenty eight weapons - from handguns to rifles.

Police of Poland
The Police (Polish: Policja, [pɔˈlit͡sja] ⓘ) is the national civilian police service of Poland. It is the country’s primary law enforcement agency, responsible for public security and order as well as the prevention and investigation of crime. It operates under the authority of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration.

Polish Police is headed by the Commander-in-Chief of Police, subordinate to the Minister of the Interior and Administration. The Police is supported by municipal forces of city guards, having less legal authority and with jurisdiction only over prosecuting contraventions.
Mirza Hasan Ali Nasir ol-Molk
Mirza Hasan Ali (Persian: میرزا حسن علی قوام; 1835 – October 1893) also known by his title Nasir ol-Molk was an aristocrat from the Qavam family who patronaged the Nasir-ol-Molk Mosque.

Hassan Ali was the youngest son of Ali Akbar Qavam ol-Molk, kalantar (lord mayor) of Shiraz. He travelled across Iran for most of his life and as such was unaware of and missed the death and funeral of his father. Upon his return to Shiraz in 1869, he made an oath to build a tomb suitable for his father. Subsequently, he began to gather money with the assistance of her sister, Zinat ol-Moluk, and from 1876 to 1888 constructed the Nasir-ol-Molk Mosque.

Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy (from Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía, "rule of the best"; Latin: aristocratia) is historically associated with a "hereditary" or a "ruling" social class. In many states, the aristocracy included the upper class with hereditary rank and titles. They are usually below only the monarch of a country or nation in its social hierarchy.
Tuffin
Tuffin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Tuffin (1933–2017), British trade union leader

Richard Tuffin (born 1944), New Zealand rowing coxswain

Sally Tuffin (born 1938), English fashion designer and ceramicist

Alan Tuffin
Alan Tuffin CBE (2 August 1933 – 10 November 2017) was a British trade union leader.

Tuffin attended Eltham Secondary School, leaving at age 16 to work for the Post Office. He became active in the Union of Communication Workers, as its London Union Regional Official in 1957, then taking a full-time post as National Official in 1969, and becoming Deputy General Secretary ten years later. In 1982, he was elected as General Secretary of the union. He and his wife, Jean Elizabeth, married in 1957; and had one son and one daughter.

From 1982 until his retirement in 1993, Tuffin served on the General Council of the Trades Union Congress (TUC), winning election as President of the TUC (1992–93). In 1993, he was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE). In retirement, he served on the Employment Appeal Tribunal, and as a director of Remploy.
Ghatigaon Wildlife Sanctuary
Ghatigaon Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary situated at Ghatigaon in India. Ghatigaon covers 511.0 km² in Madhya Pradesh state, west of the city of Gwalior. It extends to Tigra Dam, and includes part of the reservoir.

It was established in 1981 to protect habitat of the great Indian bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps). It is home to many other birds, as well as blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra), chital (Axis axis), wild boar, and striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena).

The sanctuary in the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion. The predominant vegetation is low shrubland and woodland. The predominant tree species is khair (Senegalia catechu), with tendu (Diospyros melanoxylon), reonjha (Vachellia leucophloea), and others. Shrubland species include Zizyphus spp. and the grasses Eragrostis tenella, Aristida hystrix, and Apluda mutica.

Senegalia catechu
Senegalia catechu, previously known as Acacia catechu, is a deciduous, thorny tree which grows up to 15 m (50 ft) in height. The plant is called kachu in Malay; the Malay name was Latinized to "catechu" in Linnaean taxonomy, as the species from which the extracts cutch and catechu are derived. Other common names for it include kher, catechu, cachou, cutchtree, black cutch, and black catechu.

Senegalia catechu is native to South Asia and Southeast Asia, including the Indian subcontinent, Myanmar, Cambodia and China (Yunnan).

Through derivatives of the flavanols in its extracts, the species has lent its name to the important catechins, catechols and catecholamines of chemistry and biology.
Brachysomophis porphyreus
Brachysomophis porphyreus is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels). It was described by Coenraad Jacob Temminck and Hermann Schlegel in 1846. It is a marine, temperate water-dwelling eel which is known from the northwestern Pacific Ocean, including Taiwan, China, Japan, and Korea. It is known to dwell at a depth of 20 metres, and makes burrows in mud, nearly deep enough to cover itself completely. Males can reach a maximum total length of 130 centimetres.

The species epithet "porphyreus" refers to the purple colouring of living specimens.

Ophichthidae
Ophichthidae is a family of fish in the order Anguilliformes, commonly known as the snake eels. The term "Ophichthidae" comes from Greek ophis ("serpent") and ichthys ("fish"). Snake eels are also burrowing eels.  They are named for their physical appearance, as they have long, cylindrical, snake-like bodies. This family is found worldwide in tropical to warm temperate waters. They inhabit a wide range of habitats, from coastal shallows and even rivers, to depths below 800 m (2,600 ft). Most species are bottom dwellers, hiding in mud or sand to capture their prey of crustaceans and small fish, but some are pelagic.

These species range in total length from 5 cm (2.0 in) to 2.3 m (7.5 ft) or more. Many species lack fins altogether, improving their ability to burrow into the substrate like worms. They are often spotted or striped in colour, mimicking the appearance of venomous sea snakes to deter predators. Often, they are washed ashore by large storms.
San Salvador el Verde
San Salvador el Verde is a town and municipality in the Mexican state of Puebla. It is best known as the site of the Chautla Hacienda, which was the property of Eulogio Gillow, the first archbishop of Antequera (city of Oaxaca) and contains an English style residence called locally called "El Castillo" (The Castle). The facility today is run as a recreation center.

Eulogio Gillow y Zavalza
Eulogio Gregorio Clemente Gillow y Zavala was the first archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Antequera, Oaxaca located in Oaxaca de Juarez, Oaxaca, Mexico. He was the key cleric in President Porfirio Díaz's policy of conciliation with the Roman Catholic Church, which kept the anticlerical articles of the liberal Constitution of 1857 in place but suspended their implementation.
Muránska planina
Muránska planina (translated as Muráň Plateau or Muráň Plain) is a plateau-like region in central Slovakia, between Brezno, Červená Skala (part of Šumiac), Muráň and Tisovec. It lies in the Spiš-Gemer Karst, in the Slovenské rudohorie Mountains (part of the Western Carpathian Mountains).

Muránska planina National Park is one of the youngest national parks in Slovakia, declared in October 1997 and opened on 27 May 1998.

Šumiac
Šumiac (Hungarian: Királyhegyalja) is a village and municipality in Brezno District, in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia. Šumiac was historically the western-most municipality with majority Rusyn ethnicity, along with Telgárt and Vernár. Currently, most citizens record Slovak ethnicity, but retain Greek Catholic majority with affiliation by 70% of the locals.
Higson
Higson is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Allison Higson (born 1973), Canadian swimmer

Charlie Higson, British actor, author and singer

James Higson, English footballer

Joanna Higson, English actress

John Higson, English rugby player, father of Leonard

Kenneth Higson, Canadian politician

Leonard Higson, English rugby player, son of John

Paddy Higson, Scottish film and television producer

Charlie Higson
Charles Murray Higson (born 3 July 1958) is an English actor, comedian, author and former singer. He has also written and produced for television and is the author of the young adult post-apocalyptic book series The Enemy, as well as the first five novels in the Young Bond series.
Filomena Margaiz
Filomena Margaiz Ramírez (born 29 November 1968) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party. As of 2014 she served as Senator of the LVIII and LIX Legislatures of the Mexican Congress representing Guanajuato.

LVIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LVIII Legislature of the Congress of the Union of Mexico (58th Congress) met from 1 September 2000 to 31 August 2003. All 628 members of the two chambers of Congress were elected in the elections of July 2000.
Malcolm Woods
Malcolm David Woods (born 22 July 1955) is a former English cricketer.  Woods was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break.  He was born in Carlisle, Cumberland.

Woods made his debut for Cumberland in the 1977 Minor Counties Championship against Lincolnshire. Woods played Minor counties cricket for Cumberland from 1977 to 1994, including 127 Minor Counties Championship matches and 17 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1984, he made his List A debut against Derbyshire in the NatWest Trophy.  He played six further List A matches for Cumberland, the last of which came against Essex in the 1992 NatWest Trophy. In his seven List A matches, he scored 110 runs at a batting average of 22.00, with a high score of 36. With the ball he took 4 wickets at a bowling average of 68.50, with best figures of 2/33.

1984 NatWest Trophy
The 1984 NatWest Trophy was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 4 July and 1 September 1984. The fourth NatWest Trophy tournament, it was won by Middlesex who defeated Kent by 4 wickets in the final at Lord's.
Aline McDermott
Mary Aline Langdon McDermott (October 23, 1881 – February 16, 1951) was an American actress. She created the role of Mrs. Lily Mortar in the original Broadway production of Lillian Hellman's The Children's Hour (1934). She was also in the original Broadway cast of Thornton Wilder's Our Town (1938).

Our Town
Our Town is a three-act play written by American playwright Thornton Wilder in 1938. Described by Edward Albee as "the greatest American play ever written", it presents the fictional American town of Grover's Corners between 1901 and 1913 through the everyday lives of its citizens.

Wilder uses metatheatrical devices, setting the play in the actual theatre where it is being performed. The main character is the stage manager of the theatre who directly addresses the audience, brings in guest lecturers, fields questions from the audience, and fills in playing some of the roles. The play is performed without a set on a mostly bare stage. With a few exceptions, the actors mime actions without the use of props.

The first performance of Our Town was at the McCarter Theatre in Princeton, New Jersey, on January 22, 1938. It went on to success on Broadway and received the Pulitzer Prize for Drama, and remains popular today with frequent revivals.
Fuyu, Jilin
Fuyu (simplified Chinese: 扶余; traditional Chinese: 扶餘; pinyin: Fúyú), formerly Fuyu County, is a county-level city in northwestern Jilin province, People's Republic of China, under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Songyuan, and is Songyuan's easternmost county-level division. It has a land area of 4,464 square kilometres (1,724 sq mi), and a population of 750,000. It lies 98 kilometres (61 mi) east-southeast of Songyuan and 140 kilometres (87 mi) northeast of Changchun, the provincial capital. The county seat is located in the town of Sanchahe (三岔河镇). The city name comes from Buyeo (Fuyu), an ancient kingdom located in parts of Northeast China.

Buyeo
Buyeo or Puyŏ (Korean: 부여; RR: Buyeo; MR: Puyŏ; Korean pronunciation: [pu.jʌ]), also rendered as Fuyu (Chinese: 夫餘/扶餘; pinyin: Fūyú/Fúyú) in Chinese, was an ancient kingdom that was centered in northern Manchuria in modern-day northeast China. It had deep ties to the Yemaek people, who are considered to be the ancestors of modern Koreans. It is also called Northern Buyeo (Korean: 북부여; Hanja: 北夫餘; RR: Bukbuyeo; MR: Pukbuyŏ) according to its founding legend.

Historically, both Goguryeo and Paekche, two of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, considered themselves Buyeo's successors. In addition, it is also considered a major predecessor of the Korean kingdoms of Eastern Buyeo, and Galsa Buyeo.
Orangeback fairy-wrasse
The orangeback fairy-wrasse (Cirrhilabrus aurantidorsalis) is a species of wrasse endemic to Lembeh and the Tomini Bay in northern Sulawesi in Indonesia.  It inhabits coral reefs and can be found at depths from 10 to 25 m (33 to 82 ft).  This species can reach a total length of 10 cm (3.9 in).  It can be found in the marine aquarium trade.

The orangeback fairy wrasses are like many wrasses in that they live in harems of many females in a group with only one male. The male is the dominant fish with the stronger colors and traits. There have been no small males that have been recorded so it is believed that all orangeback fairy wrasses' begin as females and then some females transform into males.
Fairy wrasses eat mainly zooplankton; they have pair of teeth in the front and a set of teeth wrapped around the side which is used to break down their food.

Gulf of Tomini
The Gulf of Tomini (Indonesian: Teluk Tomini), also known as the Bay of Tomini, is the equatorial gulf which separates the Minahassa (Northern) and East Peninsulas of the island of Sulawesi (Celebes) in Indonesia. The Togian Islands lie near its center. To the east, the Gulf opens onto the Molucca Sea.
Wang Su (taekwondo)
Wang Su (born 15 March 1984) is a Chinese taekwondo practitioner.

She won a gold medal in bantamweight at the 1999 World Taekwondo Championships in Edmonton, by defeating Jung Jae-eun in the final. She won a silver medal at the 2000 Asian Taekwondo Championships.

2000 Asian Taekwondo Championships
The 2000 Asian Taekwondo Championships are the 14th edition of the Asian Taekwondo Championships, and were held in Hong Kong from May 13 to May 16, 2000.

South Korea dominated the competition, winning 13 gold medals.
Texas's 6th House of Representatives district
District 6 is a district in the Texas House of Representatives.  It was created in the 3rd legislature (1849–1851).

The district has been represented by Republican Daniel Alders since 2025. It was previously held by Matt Schaefer since January 8, 2013, upon his initial election to the Texas House.

As a result of redistricting after the 2020 Federal census, from the 2022 elections the district encompasses the southern half of Smith County.  Tyler is the most populous city in the district.

Matt Schaefer
Matthew Ray Schaefer (born February 11, 1976) is an American attorney and politician, who is a former member of the Texas House of Representatives for the 6th district. A Republican, during his tenure, Schaefer was assigned to the Licensing and Administrative Procedures Committee and the Public Education Committee.

He ran without Democratic opposition in his successful bid for a fourth legislative term in the general election held on November 6, 2018. Schaefer defeated Neal Katz, an independent, 37,056 (75.6 percent) to 11,929 (24.4 percent).
Greenawalt
Greenawalt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham Greenawalt (1834–1922), Union Army soldier

R. Kent Greenawalt (1936–2023), American civil rights lawyer and academic

Randy Greenawalt (1949–1997), American serial killer executed in Arizona

Roger Greenawalt (born 1960), American musician

R. Kent Greenawalt
R. Kent Greenawalt (June 25, 1936 — January 27, 2023) was a legal scholar who was University Professor at Columbia Law School. His primary interests involved constitutional law, especially First Amendment jurisprudence, and legal philosophy.

Born in Brooklyn, New York, he received a B.A. from Swarthmore College in 1958, a B.Phil. from Oxford University in 1960 and an LL.B. from Columbia Law School in 1963. After law school, he clerked for Supreme Court Justice John Harlan. He joined the Columbia faculty in 1965. Greenawalt married Elaine Pagels in June 1995.
Ola Wong
Ola Rui-Lai Wong (Chinese: 王瑞来; pinyin: Wáng Ruìlái; born 6 January 1977) is a Swedish author, journalist and sinologist.

Wong has worked for Svenska Dagbladet, as well as for other media outlets. Wong is of Chinese descent and previously served as a vice-chairman for the Shanghai Foreign Correspondents Club.

Since 2019 Wong is editor for Kvartal.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
Canon EF-M 32mm lens
The EF-M 32mm f/1.4 STM is an interchangeable prime lens introduced by Canon in September 2018. The lens is based on the EF-M mount that is used in Canon's lineup of mirrorless cameras. It currently is the latest lens published that uses the EF-M lens mount.

With a maximum value of f/1.4, it has the largest aperture of all Canon EF-M mount lenses.

Prime lens
In film and photography, a prime lens is a fixed focal length photographic lens (as opposed to a zoom lens), typically with a maximum aperture from f2.8 to f1.2. The term can also mean the primary lens in a combination lens system.
Confusion between these two meanings can occur without clarifying context. Alternate terms, such as primary focal length, fixed focal length, or FFL are sometimes used to avoid ambiguity.
Another World (Sonique song)
"Another World" is the first single by British DJ and singer Sonique to be released from her On Kosmo album. Released as a CD single in Austria, Germany and Switzerland on 13 December 2004, the track peaked at number 57 in Germany.

The track was a collaboration with German producer and DJ Tomcraft, and was a major success in the nightclub scene. The song was released under the artist name "Sonique on Tomcraft".

Sonique (musician)
Sonia Marina Clarke (born 21 June 1965), better known by her stage name Sonique, is an English singer, musician and DJ. She came to public attention as a member of dance band S'Express during the early 1990s, but achieved greater success as a solo artist in the early-to mid 2000s. During this period, she achieved UK top 20 hits with "It Feels So Good", "Sky", "I Put a Spell on You" and "Can't Make Up My Mind", and won the 2001 BRIT Award for British female solo artist.
John Sanford (Bridgwater MP)
John Sanford (1640–1711), of Basinghall Street, London and Nynehead Court, Somerset was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons during the later Stuart period. He represented Taunton and Minehead as a Member of Parliament in the late 17th century.

Taunton (UK Parliament constituency)
Taunton  was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and its predecessors from 1295 to 2010, taking its name from the town of Taunton in Somerset. Until 1918, it was a parliamentary borough, electing two Member of Parliaments (MPs) between 1295 and 1885 and one from 1885 to 1918; the name was then transferred to a county constituency, electing one MP.

In the boundary changes that came into effect at the general election of 2010, the Boundary Commission for England replaced Taunton with a modified constituency called Taunton Deane, to reflect the district name.  The new constituency's boundaries are coterminous with the local government district of the same name.
House of Rötteln
The House of Rötteln was a noble family based in the Basel area that can be documented between 1102/3 and 1316. The family, whose castle was located near Lörrach, had large estates in southern Breisgau, particularly in the Wiesental, where a member of the family elevated Schopfheim to the status of a town. Around the middle of the 13th century, the family was at the height of its power, the Röttlers Walther and Lüthold I became bishops of Basel, Lüthold II was about to become provost of the cathedral and bishop elect. With him, the family died out in the male line in 1316 and was inherited by the Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg. The Röttler inheritance was an important step in forming the later Markgräflerland.

Markgräflerland
Markgräflerland (German pronunciation: [ˈmaʁkɡʁɛːflɐˌlant] ⓘ) is a region in the southwest of Germany, in the south of the German federal state of Baden-Württemberg, located between the Breisgau in the north and the Black Forest in the east; adjacent to west with France and in the south with Switzerland.
H. Pierre Noyes
H. Pierre Noyes (December 10, 1923 – September 30, 2016) was an American theoretical physicist.  He became a member of the faculty at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory at Stanford University in 1962. Noyes specialized in several areas of research, including the relativistic few-body problem in nuclear and particle physics.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.