hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Önningeby artists' colony
The Önningeby artists' colony (Swedish: Önningebykolonin) was founded in 1886 by Victor Westerholm, a Finnish landscape painter, who had a summer house in the village of Önningeby in Åland in the Baltic Sea. It attracted Finnish and Swedish artists who gathered in the summer to paint landscapes en plein air rather than in their studios. Many of the participating artists were women. In total over 30 artists participated  in the colony.

Summer house
A summer house or summerhouse is a building or shelter used for relaxation in warm weather. This would often take the form of a small, roofed building on the grounds of a larger one, but could also be built in a garden or park, often designed to provide cool shady places of relaxation or retreat from the summer heat. It can also refer to a second residence, usually located in the country, that provides a cool and relaxing home to live in during the summer, such as a vacation property.
Alexandria Troas
Alexandria Troas ("Alexandria of the Troad"; Greek: Αλεξάνδρεια Τρωάς; Turkish: Eski Stambul, "Old Istanbul") is the site of an ancient Greek city situated on the Aegean Sea near the northern tip of Turkey's western coast, the area known historically as Troad, a little south of Tenedos (modern Bozcaada). It is located southeast of modern Dalyan, a village in the Ezine district of Çanakkale Province. The site sprawls over an estimated 400 hectares (990 acres); among the few structures remaining today are a ruined bath, an odeon, a theatre, gymnasium complex and a recently uncovered stadion.  The circuit of the old walls can still be traced.

Ezine, Çanakkale
Ezine is a town in Çanakkale Province in the Marmara Region of Turkey. It is the seat of Ezine District. Its population is 15,408 (2021). The town lies at an elevation of 32 m (105 ft). Ezine is famous for its white cheese, made with cow, goat or sheep milk and called Ezine Peyniri.
Pristimantis gladiator
Pristimantis gladiator (common name: Papallacta Valley robber frog) is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae.
It is found on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in Ecuador (Napo Province, Imbabura Province) and southern Colombia (Putumayo Department). Its elevational range is 2,270–2,910 m (7,450–9,550 ft) asl.

Imbabura Province
Imbabura (Spanish pronunciation: [imbaˈβuɾa]) is a province located in the Andes of northern Ecuador.  The capital is Ibarra. The people of the province speak Spanish, and a large portion of the population also speak the Imbaburan Kichwa variety of the Quechua language.

The summit of Cotacachi Volcano at an elevation of 4,944 metres (16,220 ft) is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north-east of the town of Cotacachi. The volcano is located in the large Cotacachi Cayapas Ecological Reserve.

Imbabura Volcano is also located in the province.  Best reached from the town of La Esperanza, the 4,609 metres (15,121 ft) high mountain can be climbed in a single day.
Parsipur
Parsipur is a village in Rohaniya block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 40 km from Raebareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, it has a population of 552 people, in 119 households. It hosts a weekly haat but not a permanent market.

The 1961 census recorded Parsipur as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 257 people (127 male and 130 female), in 61 households and 60 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 135 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Parsipur as having a population of 366 people, in 87 households, and having an area of 54.23 hectares. The main staple foods were listed as wheat and rice.

Haat bazaar
Haat Bazaar (Bengali: হাটবাজার) is an open-air market that serves as a trading venue for local people in rural areas and towns mainly in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and India. Haat bazaars are conducted on a regular basis, usually once, twice or thrice a week, and in some places once every fortnight. At times, haat bazaars are organized in a different manner, to support or promote trading by and with rural people. In addition to providing trading opportunities, haat bazaars serve as meeting places, rural settlements come up around the haats which gradually grow into towns.
Gianfranco Cimmino
Gianfranco Cimmino (12 March 1908 – 30 May 1989) was an Italian mathematician, working mathematical analysis, numerical analysis, and theory of elliptic partial differential equations: he is known for being the first mathematician generalizing in a weak sense the notion of boundary value in a boundary value problem, and for doing an influential work in numerical analysis.

Elliptic partial differential equation
In mathematics, an elliptic partial differential equation is a type of partial differential equation (PDE). In mathematical modeling, elliptic PDEs are frequently used to model steady states, unlike parabolic and hyperbolic PDEs, which generally model phenomena that change in time. The canonical examples of elliptic PDEs are Laplace's equation and Poisson's equation. Elliptic PDEs are also important in pure mathematics, where they are fundamental to various fields of research such as differential geometry and optimal transport.
Little Hallingbury Marsh
Little Hallingbury Marsh is a 4.5-hectare (11-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest adjacent to the River Stort, west of Little Hallingbury in Essex. It was notified under Section 28 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, and the local planning authority is Uttlesford District Council.

The site is unimproved wet grassland and fen, which contains uncommon and declining swamp plant species. The wettest part is dominated by Reed Sweet-grass, and the ditches by branched reed-bur. The site is also of interest for over-wintering birds and aquatic insects, especially dragonflies.

The site is private land with no public access, but it can be viewed from the River Stort towpath.

Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981
The Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (c. 69) is an act of Parliament in the United Kingdom implemented to comply with European Council Directive 79/409/EEC on the conservation of wild birds. In short, the act gives protection to native species (especially those at threat), controls the release of non-native species, enhances the protection of Sites of Special Scientific Interest and builds upon the rights of way rules in the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. The act is split into 4 parts covering 74 sections; it also includes 17 schedules.

Few amendments have been made to it, and it has acted as a foundation for later legislation to build upon. The compulsory five year review of schedules 5 and 8 make it dynamic in terms of the species which it protects.
Maison du Sport International
The Maison du Sport International (International House of Sport) is an office complex opened in 2006 in Lausanne, Switzerland, via a joint venture between the City of Lausanne, the Canton of Vaud and the International Olympic Committee (IOC). It was created to entice all the World's sports governing bodies (also known as International Federations or IF's) to bring their headquarters to Lausanne, in order to improve their proximity to the headquarters of the IOC, and thus improve communications between these bodies.

However, many international federations have their offices elsewhere, often in a country where the specific sport traditionally has a regular following. With modern communications, the need for physical presence is also not as important anymore.

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.
Paris Red Peppers
The Paris Red Peppers Minor League Baseball team played in the East Texas League in 1946 and the Big State League In 1947. The Peppers were based in the United States city of Paris, Texas, and were affiliated with the St. Louis Browns of the American League.

Frank Sacka, Bob Prichard, Pat McLaughlin and Homer Peel played for the team in 1946. Peel also managed the club. Eddie Carnett, Frank Carswell and Jim Walkup were with the team in 1947. The club was managed by Lloyd Rigby in that season.

Eddie Carnett
Edwin Elliott Carnett (October 21, 1916 – November 4, 2016) was an American professional baseball player. He played in the major leagues, primarily as an outfielder and first baseman, appearing for three different teams during the 1940s. Listed at 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) and 185 lb (84 kg), he batted and threw left-handed.
Building Number 29
Building 29 is a historic aircraft hangar at 162 North Beacon Road, on the western edge of Walnut Ridge Regional Airport in Lawrence County, Arkansas.  It is a large metal-framed structure, built in 1942 using the standard DH-1 Army plan for such buildings.  It was part of the national home defense efforts of World War II.  It is one of a small number of such buildings left in the state, and the only one surviving virtually unaltered of four built at Walnut Ridge, which was used as a military airfield 1941–46.  The rear of the building (which faces the street) has had a small brick office cell attached.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Hangar
A hangar is a building or structure designed to hold aircraft or spacecraft. Hangars are built of metal, wood, or concrete. The word hangar comes from Middle French hanghart ("enclosure near a house"), of Germanic origin, from Frankish *haimgard ("home-enclosure", "fence around a group of houses"), from *haim ("home, village, hamlet") and gard ("yard"). The term, gard, comes from the Old Norse garðr ("enclosure, garden").

Hangars are used for protection from the weather, direct sunlight and for maintenance, repair, manufacture, assembly and storage of aircraft.
Death in Jainism
According to Jainism, Ātman (soul) is eternal and never dies. According to Tattvartha Sutra which is a compendium of Jain principles, the function of matter (pudgala) is to contribute to pleasure, suffering, life and death of living beings.

Jīva (Jainism)
Jīva (Sanskrit: जीव) or Atman is a philosophical term used within Jainism to identify the soul. As per Jain cosmology, jīva is the principle of sentience and is one of the tattvas or one of the fundamental substances forming part of the universe. The jiva, according to Jainism, is an essential part of how the process of karma, rebirth and the process of liberation from rebirth works.
Pineapple gall adelgid
The pineapple gall adelgid (Adelges abietis) is a species of conifer-feeding insect that forms pineapple-shaped plant galls on its host species, commonly Norway and Sitka spruce. The adelgids (genus Adelges) are pear-shaped, soft-bodied green insects with long antennae, closely related to the aphid. Adelges lays up to one hundred eggs at a time, one on each needle. Adelges abietis (Linnaeus, 1758) is one of the most common species; synonyms are A. gallarum-abietis, Chermes abietis and Sacciphantes abietis.

The pineapple or pseudocone gall is a type of insect-formed gall, or abnormal outgrowth of plant tissue, that develops as a chemically induced distortion of needles, observed mostly on Norway spruce and Sitka spruce.

Picea sitchensis
Picea sitchensis, the Sitka spruce, is a large, coniferous, evergreen tree growing to just over 100 meters (330 ft) tall, with a trunk diameter at breast height that can exceed 5 m (16 ft). It is by far the largest species of spruce and the fifth-largest conifer in the world (behind giant sequoia, coast redwood, kauri, and western redcedar), and the third-tallest tree species (after coast redwood and South Tibetan cypress). The Sitka spruce is one of only three species documented to exceed 100 m (330 ft) in height.  Its name is derived from the community of Sitka in southeast Alaska, where it is prevalent. Its range hugs the western coast of Canada and the US and continues south into northern California.
Wisconsin's 71st Assembly district
The 71st Assembly district of Wisconsin is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly. Located in central Wisconsin, the district comprises most of Portage County and part of northeast Adams County.  It includes the city of Stevens Point and the villages of Amherst, Amherst Junction, Nelsonville, Plover, and Whiting.  The district also contains the University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point campus. The district is represented by Democrat Vinnie Miresse, since January 2025.

The 71st Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 24th Senate district, along with the 70th and 72nd Assembly districts.

Whiting, Wisconsin
Whiting is a village in Portage County, Wisconsin, United States and is a suburb of Stevens Point. It is included in the Stevens Point Micropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,601 at the 2020 census.
New Birmingham, Texas
New Birmingham is an abandoned town site in central Cherokee County, Texas, United States, now a ghost town. New Birmingham once seemed destined to be a major industrial mecca in the heart of east Texas. Lying just off U.S. Highway 69, the site was approximately two miles southeast of the county seat of Rusk.

U.S. Route 69 in Texas
U.S. Route 69 (US 69) is a north–south United States highway that runs from Port Arthur, Texas to Albert Lea, Minnesota. In Texas, US 69 runs from Port Arthur near the Gulf of Mexico to the Texas–Oklahoma state line just north of Denison.
James Goodall
James Goodall (1862 – 22 September 1942) was a member of the New Zealand Legislative Council from 9 March 1936 to 22 September 1942, when he died. He was appointed by the First Labour Government.

Goodall was born in Nelson in 1862. His parents were Edward Goodall (born in New South Wales) and Sarah (nee Kidson) from Nelson. The Goodall moved to Greymouth in 1867.

Goodall died suddenly on 22 September 1942 at Greymouth. He was buried at Karoro Cemetery.

Greymouth
Greymouth (/ˈɡreɪmaʊθ/) (Māori: Māwhera) is the largest town in the West Coast region in the South Island of New Zealand, and the seat of the Grey District Council. The population of the whole Grey District is 14,600, which accounts for 42% of the West Coast's inhabitants. The Greymouth urban area had an estimated population of 8,610 (June 2025). A large proportion of the District, 65%, is part of the Conservation Estate owned and managed by the Department of Conservation making Greymouth a natural centre for walkers and trampers.
Phallus tenuissimus
Phallus tenuissimus is a species of fungus in the stinkhorn family. Found in Jingdong Yi Autonomous County in Yunnan, China, it was described as new to science in 2005. Its fruit bodies feature a conical to bell-shaped cap up to 20 mm (0.8 in) high by 4–7 mm (0.16–0.28 in) wide, covered by dark greenish-brown gleba (spore mass). The cap is supported by a slender, cylindrical stipe measuring 50–70 mm (2.0–2.8 in) long and 2–4 mm thick. Its spores are cylindrical, and measure 3.3–4 by 1.1–1.4 μm. The authors place it in the section Reticulati of genus Phallus on account of its reticulate cap.

Section (botany)
In botany, a section (Latin: sectio) is a taxonomic rank below the genus, but above the species. The subgenus, if present, is higher than the section, and the rank of series, if present, is below the section. Sections may in turn be divided into subsections.

Sections are typically used to help organise very large genera, which may have hundreds of species. A botanist wanting to distinguish groups of species may prefer to create a taxon at the rank of section or series to avoid making new combinations, i.e. many new binomial names for the species involved.

Examples:

Lilium sectio Martagon Rchb. are the Turks' cap lilies

Plagiochila aerea Taylor is the type species of Plagiochila sect. Bursatae
Cavit Şadi Pehlivanoğlu
Cavit Şadi Pehlivanoğlu (1927 – 21 November 2015) was a Turkish statesman, who served as a legislator of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey for three terms between 1961 and 1996, first as a member of Justice Party (Turkey) and then as the Vice President of Motherland Party (Turkey) that he founded together with Turgut Özal and others. He was elected from the province Ordu. He held several positions within the parliament. Both before and after his active political career, he worked as an attorney at law and a business executive for various associations.  He was well known for his controversial actions and political speeches.

Pehlivanoğlu died on 21 November 2015, aged 88.

Attorney at law
Attorney at law or attorney-at-law, usually abbreviated in everyday speech to attorney, is the preferred term for a practising lawyer in certain jurisdictions, including South Africa (for certain lawyers), Sri Lanka, the Philippines, and the United States. The term has its roots in the verb to attorn, meaning to transfer one's rights and obligations to another.
Grzyb
Grzyb (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡʐɨp]) is a surname of Polish-language origin (meaning "fungus"). Archaic feminine forms are Grzybowa (by husband), Grzybówna (by father); they still can be used colloquially. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrzej Grzyb (born 1956), Polish politician

Joe Thomas (born Joseph Grzyb, 1956–2024), American producer, businessman, multi-instrumentalist, and songwriter

Kinga Grzyb (born 1982), Polish handball player

Magdalena Grzyb (born 1984), Polish criminologist

Rafał Grzyb (born 1983), Polish football manager and player

Ryszard Grzyb (born 1956), Polish painter, poet, and graphic designer

Wojciech Grzyb  (born 1974), Polish footballer

Wojciech Grzyb (born 1981), Polish volleyball player

Wolfgang Grzyb (1940–2004), German footballer

Wolfgang Grzyb
Wolfgang Grzyb (29 July 1940 – 7 October 2004) was a German footballer who played as a defender for Eintracht Braunschweig, spending 12 seasons in the Bundesliga.

On 30 August 1975, Grzyb became Braunschweig's first player to receive a red card in the Bundesliga, ending the club's eleven-season, 370 match, run without having a player sent off.
Polygamy in Africa
Polygamy in Africa has existed throughout the history of Africa. Polygamy, particularly polygyny, is a highly valued social institution in Africa. Polygamy is a marriage between a man or woman and their multiple spouses. Polygyny is a marriage between a man and multiple wives. Polyandry is a marriage between a woman and multiple husbands.

A common expectation for African kings in African societies is for African kings to symbolically unify his kingdom and the society through partaking in polygamous marriages with wives from a broad range of clans within the society. By doing so, the king reduces the chance of dissident and rival forces developing and rising against him.

Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt
The Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XX, alternatively 20th Dynasty or Dynasty 20) is the third and last dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period, lasting from 1189 BC to 1077 BC. The 19th and 20th Dynasties together constitute an era known as the Ramesside period owing to the predominance of rulers with the given name "Ramesses". This dynasty is generally considered to mark the beginning of the decline of Ancient Egypt, coinciding with the Bronze Age Collapse which led to the end of the New Kingdom and the onset of the Third Intermediate Period. During the period of the Twentieth Dynasty, Ancient Egypt faced the crisis of invasions by Sea Peoples. Though the dynasty was able to successfully defend Egypt, it left the kingdom seriously crippled.
Rock This Country!
"Rock This Country!" is a song co-written and performed by Canadian country music singer Shania Twain. It was the eleventh single released from her third studio album Come on Over. Written by Robert John "Mutt" Lange and Twain, "Rock This Country!" was released to North American country radio stations in late 1999. With no promotional performances or CD single, the song was the lowest charting single at country radio from the album. Despite this, Twain has performed the song on every one of her tours: the Come On Over Tour, Up! Tour, the tour of the same name, Now Tour, and the Queen of Me Tour usually as the opener or closer. She also performed the song on the Let's Go! residency, and in an acoustic version for the Still the One residency.

Let's Go! (residency)
Let's Go! is the second concert residency by Canadian singer Shania Twain. Performed at the Zappos Theater in Las Vegas, Nevada, the show began on December 6, 2019 and was originally estimated to run through 2021. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the show was put on hold and resumed in December 2021. Previously, Twain spent two years, from December 2012 until the end of 2014, performing the Shania: Still the One residency at Caesars Palace, and embarked on her 2015 Rock This Country Tour and her 2018 Now Tour.
Bill Ackman
William Albert Ackman (born May 11, 1966) is an American billionaire hedge fund manager who is the founder and chief executive of Pershing Square Capital Management, an investment management company. He has been described as an activist investor. As of July 2025, Ackman's net worth was estimated at $9.4 billion by Forbes.

A long-time donor to Democratic candidates and organizations, Ackman endorsed Donald Trump in the 2024 United States presidential election. Ackman has been an active supporter of Israel, particularly following the October 7 attacks, criticizing the 2024 pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses.

Israeli war cabinet
The Israeli war cabinet was formed on 11 October 2023, five days after the beginning of the Gaza war. The opposition party National Unity joined the thirty-seventh government led by Benjamin Netanyahu as prime minister. Negotiations began upon the outbreak of the war.

On 13 June 2024, former Chiefs of the General Staff Benny Gantz and Gadi Eisenkot exited the war cabinet, leaving Netanyahu, Minister of Defense Yoav Gallant, Ron Dermer and Aryeh Deri as its only members. The cabinet was subsequently dissolved on 17 June.