hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ALS Limited
ALS Limited (ASX: ALQ) is a company headquartered in Brisbane, Australia, which provides testing, inspection, certification, and verification services out of over 370 sites across 65 countries. In 2012, the company was inducted into the Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame.

Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame
The Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame recognises a set of the leaders in business and social development in Queensland, Australia. Inclusion in the hall of fame can be of individual people (living or dead), groups of people, and organisations, which operate either for profit and not for profit.
Clay baronets
The Clay Baronetcy, of Fulwell Lodge in the County of Middlesex, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1841 for William Clay, Member of Parliament for Tower Hamlets from 1832 to 1857 and Secretary to the Board of Control from 1839 to 1841. He was the son of George Clay, a prominent merchant and shipowner.

Tower Hamlets (UK Parliament constituency)
Tower Hamlets was a parliamentary borough (constituency) in Middlesex, England from 1832 to 1885. It elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was one of the first five of its type in the metropolitan area of London. It was enfranchised by the Reform Act 1832.

In its early years the borough was coterminous with the ancient Tower Hamlets, an area which covered the area of the modern London Borough of Tower Hamlets as well as Shoreditch and Hackney (the parish rather than the larger modern borough), thus extending from the edge of the City of London to the Lea. In 1868, the borough was split in two, with the southern part retaining the name.
African-American English
African-American English (AAE) is the group of English dialects spoken predominantly by Black people in the United States and, less often, in Canada. Most commonly, African-American English is an umbrella term that refers to a dialect continuum ranging from African-American Vernacular English to more standard American English. Like all widely spoken language varieties, African-American English shows variation stylistically, generationally, geographically (that is, features specific to singular cities or regions only), in rural versus urban characteristics, in vernacular versus standard registers, etc. There has been a significant body of African-American literature and oral tradition for centuries.

Hypernymy and hyponymy
Hypernymy and hyponymy are the semantic relations between a generic term (hypernym) and a more specific term (hyponym). The hypernym is also called a supertype, umbrella term, or blanket term. The hyponym names a subtype of the hypernym.  The semantic field of the hyponym is included within that of the hypernym. For example, "pigeon", "crow", and "hen" are all hyponyms of "bird" and "animal"; "bird" and "animal" are both hypernyms of "pigeon", "crow", and "hen".
Koradi Thermal Power Station
Koradi Thermal Power Station (KTPS) is located at Koradi near Nagpur, Maharashtra. The power plant is one of the four major power plants in Vidarbha – a power surplus region of India. The power station began operations in 1974 and is one of the nine active power stations operated by Maharashtra State Power Generation Company Limited (Prajot), a subsidiary of Government of Maharashtra owned Maharashtra State Electricity Board (MSEB). The plant operates 4 units and has a total power generation capacity of 2190 MW. A proposed 440 kilovolt high power transmission line from Koradi to Bhusawal would join Nagpur with Mumbai. KTPS campus also contains training institute of MahaGenco for middle and senior level engineers, technicians and other staff.

Maharashtra State Electricity Board
Maharashtra State Electricity Board (or MSEB) (Marathi:महाराष्ट्र राज्य विद्युत मंडळ) is a state government electricity regulation board operating within the state of Maharashtra in India. The MSEB was formed on 20 June 1960 under Section 5 of the Electricity (Supply) Act, 1948. In 1998 it was the second largest electricity generating utility in India after National Thermal Power Corporation.
Brian P. Kavanagh
Brian Patrick Kavanagh (born January 18, 1967) is an American politician who represents the 27th district in the New York State Senate, representing Lower Manhattan since December 2017. Before the redrawing of legislative districts in January 2023, Kavanagh represented the west part of Brooklyn. He previously served in the New York State Assembly representing the East Side of Manhattan. Kavanagh is a Democrat.

East Side (Manhattan)
The East Side of Manhattan refers to the side of Manhattan which abuts the East River, and faces Brooklyn and Queens, all in New York City. Fifth Avenue, Central Park from 59th to 110th streets, and Broadway below 8th Street separate it from the West Side.

The major neighborhoods on the East Side include (from north to south) East Harlem, Yorkville, the Upper East Side, Turtle Bay, Murray Hill, Kips Bay, Gramercy, East Village, and the Lower East Side. The main north-south expressways servicing the East Side are the Franklin D. Roosevelt East River Drive and Harlem River Drive, which, for the majority of their length, are separated from the east shore of the island by the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway. The East Side is served by the IRT East Side Line subway, and by many bus lines.
Shillong Accord of 1975
The Shillong Accord of 1975 was an agreement signed between the Government of India and representatives of Nagaland's underground organisations.

The terms to which the underground organisations agreed included: acceptance of the supremacy of Constitution of India without condition, surrendering of their arms, and a renouncing of their previous demand for the secession of Nagaland from India.

The agreement was signed at Shillong, Meghalaya, on 11 November 1975.

Secession
Secession (from Latin: sēcessiō, lit. 'a withdrawing') is a term and a concept which is used in reference to the formal withdrawal of a group from a political entity.

In international law, secession is understood as a process in which an integral part of a state's territory unilaterally withdraws without the consent of the original state.

The process begins once a group proclaims an act of secession (such as a declaration of independence). A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal is the creation of a new state or entity independent of the group or territory from which it seceded. Threats of secession can be a strategy for achieving more limited goals. There is some academic debate about this definition, and in particular how it relates to separatism.
Mathatraya of Tattvavada
Mathatraya of Desh is a group of three premier monasteries of in the Dvaita School of thought or Tattvavada that descended from Jagadguru Madhvacharya in the lineage of his four direct disciples Padmanabha Tirtha, Narahari Tirtha, Madhava Tirtha, Akshobhya Tirtha through Jayatirtha and his disciples. Uttaradi Matha, Vyasaraja Matha and Raghavendra Matha are combinedly known as Mathatraya. 
According to Surendranath Dasgupta, Uttaradi Math was divided twice, and so we end up with three mathas, the other two being Vyasaraja Math and Raghavendra Math.

Padmanabha Tirtha
Padmanabha Tirtha was an Indian Dvaita philosopher, scholar and the disciple of Madhvacharya. Ascending the pontifical seat after Madhvacharya, he served as the primary commentator of his works and in doing so, significantly elucidated Madhva's terse and laconic style of writing. His pioneering efforts in expanding upon the Dvaita texts to uncover the underlying metaphysical intricacies was taken forward by the 14th Century philosopher, Jayatirtha. Padmanabha is also credited with disseminating the philosophy of Dvaita outside the Tulunadu.
Zusam
The Zusam (German pronunciation: [ˈtsuːzam]) is a river in Bavaria, Germany and a right tributary of the Danube. Its source is just north of the village of Könghausen, in the Unterallgäu district of Bavaria. It flows north for approximately 97 km, before converging into the Danube near the town of Donauwörth.

Towns and villages along the Zusam include Obergessertshausen, Memmenhausen, Muttershofen,  Ziemetshausen,  Dinkelscherben, Fleinhausen, Zusmarshausen, Zusamzell,  Wertingen, Frauenstetten, and Buttenwiesen.

Donauwörth
Donauwörth (German: [ˌdoːnaʊˈvøːɐ̯t] ⓘ; Swabian: Donawerd) is a town and the capital of the Donau-Ries district in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. It is said to have been founded by two fishermen where the rivers Danube (Donau) and Wörnitz meet. The city is part of the scenic route called "Romantische Straße" (Romantic Road).

The city is situated between Munich and Nuremberg, 46 km north of Augsburg.
Frits Jan Willem den Ouden
Frits Jan Willem den Ouden (July 23, 1914 – July 31, 2012) was a Dutch bomber pilot during World War II. He flew missions for the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army Air Force from 1936 to 1950, working his way up to the rank of captain.

Royal Netherlands East Indies Army Air Force
The Royal Netherlands East Indies Army Air Force (Dutch: Militaire Luchtvaart van het Koninklijk Nederlands-Indisch Leger, ML-KNIL) was the air arm of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) from 1939 until 1950. It was an entirely separate organisation from the Royal Netherlands Air Force.

The unit was founded in 1915 as the "Test Flight Service" (Proefvliegafdeling-KNIL, PVA-KNIL). In 1921, it became the "Aviation Service" (Luchtvaartafdeling-KNIL, LA-KNIL), before finally receiving the designation of ML-KNIL on 30 March 1939. In 1950, following Dutch recognition of Indonesian independence, its bases and facilities were handed over to the Indonesian Air Force (TNI-AU).
Cape Penck
Cape Penck is an ice-covered point fronting on the West Ice Shelf about 35 miles west-northwest of Gaussberg, separating the Leopold and Astrid Coast from the Wilhelm II Coast. It was roughly charted by the Western Base Party of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911–1914, under Mawson, and named for Albrecht Penck, an internationally known German geographer.

West Ice Shelf
The West Ice Shelf is a prominent ice shelf extending about 350 km (220 mi) in an east–west direction along the Leopold and Astrid Coast in East Antarctica between Barrier Bay and Posadowsky Bay,  and up to 120 km northwards from the continental margin.
Haloacid dehydrogenase superfamily
The haloacid dehydrogenase superfamily (HAD superfamily) is a superfamily of enzymes that include phosphatases, phosphonatases, P-type ATPases, beta-phosphoglucomutases, phosphomannomutases, and dehalogenases, and are involved in a variety of cellular processes ranging from amino acid biosynthesis to detoxification.

Phosphomannomutase
In enzymology, a phosphomannomutase (EC 5.4.2.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate  D-mannose 6-phosphate

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate, and one product, D-mannose 6-phosphate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically the phosphotransferases (phosphomutases), which transfer phosphate groups within a molecule.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is alpha-D-mannose 1,6-phosphomutase. Other names in common use include mannose phosphomutase, phosphomannose mutase, and D-mannose 1,6-phosphomutase.  This enzyme participates in fructose and mannose metabolism.  It has 2 cofactors: D-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate,  and D-Mannose 1,6-bisphosphate.
Pierre de Chelles
Pierre de Chelles (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ də ʃɛl]) was a French architect from the late 13th and early 14th centuries. He was one of the architects of the Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral. He completed the choir began in 1300, the high flying buttresses above the apse, and the building of the rood screen. He was also a sculptor.

De Chelles was related to Jean de Chelles, who was his father or uncle.

Flying buttress
The flying buttress (arc-boutant, arch buttress) is a specific form of buttress composed of a ramping arch that extends from the upper portion of a wall to a pier of great mass, to convey to the ground the lateral forces that push a wall outwards, which are forces that arise from vaulted ceilings of stone and from wind-loading on roofs.

The namesake and defining feature of a flying buttress is that it is not in contact with the wall at ground level, unlike a traditional buttress, and transmits the lateral forces across the span of intervening space between the wall and the pier. To provide lateral support, flying-buttress systems are composed of two parts: (i) a massive pier, a vertical block of masonry situated away from the building wall, and (ii) an arch that bridges the span between the pier and the wall – either a segmental arch or a quadrant arch – the flyer of the flying buttress.
Grant M. Wilson
Grant McDonald Wilson (May 24, 1931 – September 10, 2012) was a notable American thermodynamicist.  He is widely known to the fields of chemical engineering and physical chemistry for having developed the Wilson equation, one of the first attempts of practical importance to model nonideal behavior in liquid mixtures as observed in practice with common polar compounds such as alcohols, amines, etc.  The equation has been in use in all commercial chemical process simulators to predict phase behavior and produce safe process designs of commercial and environmental protection importance to the chemical industry.  He founded the company Wilco (now Wiltec) in 1977 to research, measure, commercialize, and publish thermophysical property data for numerous chemical mixtures of interest to the industry.  The Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data published a posthumous issue in honor of Wilson in April 2014 in recognition of his contributions to the field.

Environmental protection
Environmental protection, or environment protection, refers to the taking of measures to protecting the natural environment, prevent pollution and maintain ecological balance. Action may be taken by individuals, advocacy groups and governments. Objectives include the conservation of the existing natural environment and natural resources and, when possible, repair of damage and reversal of harmful trends.

Due to the pressures of overconsumption, population growth and technology, the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized, and governments have begun placing restraints on activities that cause environmental degradation. Since the 1960s, environmental movements have created more awareness of the multiple environmental problems. There is disagreement on the extent of the environmental impact of human activity, so protection measures are occasionally debated.
Chicago, Missouri and Western Railway
The Chicago, Missouri and Western Railway (CM&W; reporting mark CMNW) was a Class II railroad that operated in the midwest of the United States between 1987 and 1989. Never financially stable, less than a year after it was created it was bankrupt and sold off its lines piecemeal to other railroads in 1989.

CM&W RR was also used as the logo for the train line on THE VIRGINIAN western series of NBC which ran from 1962 to 71

Railroad classes
Railroad classes are the system by which freight railroads are designated in the United States. Railroads are assigned to Class I, II or III according to annual revenue criteria originally set by the Surface Transportation Board in 1992. With annual adjustments for inflation, the 2019 thresholds were US$504,803,294 for Class I carriers and US$40,384,263 for Class II carriers. (Smaller carriers were Class III by default.)

There are six Class I freight railroad companies in the United States: BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Canadian National Railway, CPKC, Norfolk Southern Railway, and Union Pacific Railroad. Canadian National also operates in Canada and CPKC operates in Canada and Mexico.

In addition, the national passenger railroad in the United States, Amtrak, would qualify as Class I if it were a freight carrier, as would Canada's Via Rail passenger service. Mexico's Ferromex freight railroad would also qualify as Class I, but it does not operate in the United States.
Aligh n'targa
Aligh n'Targa ("down stream") is a village in the rural town of Toundoute, in Ouarzazate Province, Drâa-Tafilalet, Morocco.
Aligh n'Targa is located in the vicinity of Skoura, 50 km north of the city of Ouarzazate.

Lqadouh

Tasoukt

Lahcini

Tagine : one of the dishes of Aligh n'targa

The old cemetery of Aligh n'targa

31°16′N 6°31′W﻿ / ﻿31.267°N 6.517°W﻿ / 31.267; -6.517

Ouarzazate Province
Ouarzazate Province (Arabic: إقليم ورزازات, romanized: ʾiqlīm Warzāzāt) is a province in the administrative region of Drâa-Tafilalet, Morocco. Its population in 2004 was 499,980.

The major cities and towns are:

Ouarzazate

Skoura

Tabounte

Taznakht
Miliary tuberculosis
Miliary tuberculosis is a form of tuberculosis, characterized by a wide dissemination into the human body, with small lesions looking like millet seeds (1–5mm). Its name comes from a distinctive pattern seen on a chest radiograph of many tiny spots distributed throughout the lung fields with the appearance similar to millet seeds—thus the term miliary tuberculosis. Miliary TB may infect any number of organs, including the lungs, liver, and spleen.

Lesion
A lesion is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by injury or diseases. The term lesion is derived from the Latin laesio, meaning "injury". Lesions may occur in plants and animals.
Montemaggiore Belsito
Montemaggiore Belsito (Sicilian: Muntimajuri) is a small town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Palermo, Sicily, Southern Italy. It is located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southeast of Palermo, near the comunes of Cerda and Termini Imerese.

Slightly damaged by several earthquakes, there are several churches and a palace. It is about 517 metres (1,696 ft) above sea level. The village is crossed by a main road that links many others villages (Alia, Aliminusa, Cerda) to highways A19 and A20. A northern portion of the road is still used for the Targa Florio, one of the oldest car races, as well as now a rally course.

Sicilian language
Sicilian (sicilianu, pronounced [sɪʃɪˈljaːnʊ, sɪdʒɪˈljaːnʊ]; Italian: siciliano) is a Romance language that is spoken on the island of Sicily and its satellite islands.
It belongs to the broader Extreme Southern Italian language group (Italian: italiano meridionale estremo).

Ethnologue (see below for more detail) describes Sicilian as being "distinct enough from Standard Italian to be considered a separate language", and it is recognized as a minority language by UNESCO. It has been referred to as a language by the Sicilian Region. It has the oldest literary tradition of the Italo-Romance languages. A version of the UNESCO Courier is also available in Sicilian.
The Woman of Monte Carlo
The Woman of Monte Carlo (Italian: La signora di Montecarlo) is a 1938 Italian "white-telephones" drama film directed by André Berthomieu and Mario Soldati and starring Dita Parlo,  Fosco Giachetti and Jules Berry. A separate French version Unknown of Monte Carlo was released the following year.

It was shot at the Tirrenia Studios in Tuscany.

Mario Soldati
Mario Soldati (17 November 1906 – 19 June 1999) was an Italian writer and film director. In 1954, he won the Strega Prize for Lettere da Capri. He directed several works adapted from novels, and worked with leading Italian actresses, such as Alida Valli, Sophia Loren and Gina Lollobrigida.
Jela Špitková
Jela Špitková (born 1 January 1947 in Nové Mesto nad Váhom, Czechoslovakia) is a Slovak/Austrian violinist. Spitková is an international concert performer, a role she combines with that of teacher at Vienna Music University, the Banská Bystrica Fine Arts Faculty, “Akademia Umeni Banská Bystrica" and the Academy of Music in Prague. She has recorded more than 900 minutes of music including 30 violin concertos and has global appeal.

Academy of Performing Arts in Prague
The Academy of Performing Arts in Prague (Czech: Akademie múzických umění v Praze, AMU) is a university in the centre of Prague, Czech Republic, specialising in the study of music, dance, drama, film, television and multi-media. It is the largest art school in the Czech Republic, with more than 350 educators and researchers, and 1500 students.

The academy consists of three faculties: a Film and TV School (FAMU); Music and Dance Faculty (HAMU); and Theatre Faculty (DAMU), offering Bachelor, Masters, and Doctoral level courses, as well as conducting artistic research, and in some departments also research in art history and theory.  AMU has two cross-faculty pedagogical facilities: a Languages Centre and a Sports, Rehabilitation and Movement Centre. The university also has two facilities outside Prague designed for residential multi-day creative projects.
Joseph Vivien
Joseph Vivien (1657 – 5 December 1735) was a French painter from Lyon.

He left Lyon for Paris at the age of twenty and found employment in the large atelier of Charles Le Brun, the equivalent of an academy.

He was received in the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture in 1701, under the designation peintre en pastel. His morceaux de reception, pastel portraits of the sculptor François Girardon and the architect Robert de Cotte, are in the Louvre Museum.  He was appointed counsellor to the Academy and provided with lodging under royal auspices at the Gobelins Manufactory.

From Paris he visited Brussels. Vivien was taken up by the francophile Elector of Cologne and worked in Munich as first painter to the Elector's brother, Maximilian Emmanuel, Elector of Bavaria. At the time of his death in Bonn, he was engaged on a vast canvas combining portraits of the whole family of the Elector, in oils.

Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture
The Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture (French: [akademi ʁwajal də pɛ̃tyʁ e də skyltyʁ]; English: "Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture") was founded in 1648 in Paris, France. It was the premier art institution of France during the latter part of the Ancien Régime until it was abolished in 1793 during the French Revolution. It included most of the important painters and sculptors, maintained almost total control of teaching and exhibitions, and afforded its members preference in royal commissions.
Katsuhiko Sumii
Katsuhiko Sumii (角居 勝彦, Sumii Katsuhiko) (born 28 March 1964, Kanazawa, Ishikawa) is a Japanese retired trainer of Thoroughbred race horses. He trained the first and second placing horses in the 2006 Melbourne Cup, Delta Blues and Pop Rock. Other notable horses Sumii has trained include Kane Hekili, Vodka, Victoire Pisa, and Epiphaneia.

Sumii retired in February 2021 to succeed his mother's work as an active member of the Tenrikyo.

Kane Hekili
Kane Hekili (February 26, 2002 -May 25, 2016) was a Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse named after the thunder god in Hawaiian mythology. In 2005 and 2006 he won four Grade 1 races on dirt in Japan and finished fourth to Electrocutionist in the 2006 Dubai World Cup.

Kane Hekili was injured after finishing second in the Teio Sho on June 28, 2006. He did not race again for more than twenty-eight months following surgery for a bowed tendon. He returned to racing on November 8, 2008, in the  Grade 3  Musashino Stakes, finishing four lengths back of the winner. Entered in the December 7th Japan Cup Dirt, a Grade 1 race he won in 2005, Kane Hekili stunned his rivals and racing fans with a winning performance under French jockey, Christophe Lemaire.