hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Death of Oluwashijibomi Lapite
Oluwashijibomi "Shiji" Lapite (died 16 December 1994) was a 34-year-old Nigerian asylum seeker who died in the back of a police van shortly after being detained by two officers from Stoke Newington police station in London.

The inquest verdict of unlawful killing was the second in three months on a man in police custody and it triggered fresh controversy about the use of neck holds by police when controlling suspects.

This led to a decision in the High Court when for the first time in England a Judicial Review required the Crown Prosecution Service to reassess their decision not to prosecute. It prompted an inspection and investigation by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture, to the abolition of the Police Complaints Authority and to an inquiry by Judge Gerald Butler into the work of the Crown Prosecution Service.

Stoke Newington
Stoke Newington is an area in the northwest part of the London Borough of Hackney, England. The area is five miles (eight kilometres) northeast of Charing Cross. The Manor of Stoke Newington gave its name to Stoke Newington, the ancient parish. Stoke Newington was part of the former county of Middlesex.

The historical core on Stoke Newington Church Street retains the distinct London village character that led Nikolaus Pevsner to write in 1953 that he found it hard to see the district as being in London at all.
Yan Wei
Yan Wei (born 4 October 1973) is a retired Chinese middle distance runner who specialized in the 1500 metres.

She finished tenth at the 1993 World Championships, won the 1993 Asian Championships and took the silver at the 1994 Asian Games.

Her personal best time was 3:58.74 minutes, achieved in October 1997 in Shanghai.

1993 World Championships in Athletics
The 4th World Championships in Athletics (German: Leichtathletik-Weltmeisterschaften 1993), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held in the Neckarstadium, Stuttgart, Germany between 13 and 22 August with the participation of 187 nations. Having originally being held every four years in 1983, 1987 and 1991, these championships began a two-year cycle between events.
Jennifer Bachus
Jennifer Bachus is an American diplomat and career member of the Senior Foreign Service who serves as principal deputy assistant secretary and senior bureau official for the Bureau of Cyberspace and Digital Policy at the United States Department of State. She was the inaugural lead official of the bureau when it was established in 2022 and has acted as head of the bureau pending the appointment of an ambassador-at-large.

Senior Foreign Service
The Senior Foreign Service (SFS) comprises the top four ranks of the United States Foreign Service.  These ranks were created by the Foreign Service Act of 1980 and Executive Order 12293 in order to provide the Foreign Service with senior grades equivalent to general and flag ranks in the military and naval establishments, respectively, and to grades in the Senior Executive Service.  Like military ranks and other Foreign Service ranks, the Senior Foreign Service grade system assigns rank in person, not rank in position.
Antoine Vitez
Antoine Vitez (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃twan vitɛz]; 20 December 1930 – 30 April 1990) was a French actor, director, and poet. He became a central character and influence on the French theater in the post-war period, especially in the technique of teaching drama. He was also translator of Chekhov, Vladimir Mayakovsky and Mikhail Sholokhov.

Jean Racine
Jean-Baptiste Racine (/ræˈsiːn/ rass-EEN, US also /rəˈsiːn/ rə-SEEN; French: [ʒɑ̃ batist ʁasin]; 22 December 1639 – 21 April 1699) was a French dramatist, one of the three great playwrights of 17th-century France, along with Molière and Corneille, as well as an important literary figure in the Western tradition and world literature. Racine was primarily a tragedian, producing such "examples of neoclassical perfection" as Phèdre, Andromaque, and Athalie. He did write one comedy, Les Plaideurs, and a muted tragedy, Esther, for the young.

Racine's plays displayed his mastery of the dodecasyllabic (12 syllable) French alexandrine. His writing is renowned for its elegance, purity, speed, and fury, and for what American poet Robert Lowell described as a "diamond-edge", and the "glory of its hard, electric rage". Racine's dramaturgy is marked by his psychological insight, the prevailing passion of his characters, and the nakedness of both plot and stage.
Minden-Lübbecke I
Minden-Lübbecke I is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 133. It is located in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, comprising most of the Minden-Lübbecke district.

Minden-Lübbecke I was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. From 2017 to 2025, it has been represented by Achim Post of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). Since 2025 it is been represented by Oliver Vogt of the CDU.

Achim Post
Achim Post (born 2 May 1959) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) who served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of North Rhine-Westphalia from 2013 to 2025. Since 2023 he has been the co-chairman of his NRW state association within the SPD.
Flotilla Service Act of 1814
Flotilla Service Act was a United States federal statute passed on April 16, 1814 preceding the British Royal Navy blockade of the New England Colonies commencing on April 25, 1814. The public law established a temporary Mid-Atlantic naval auxiliary service for amphibious operations orchestrated by the Chesapeake Colonies during the War of 1812. The Chesapeake Bay Flotilla conducted amphibious maneuvers in low-level tidal creeks seeking to deter the territorial headway of the British Royal Navy offensive into the Chesapeake Bay tributaries. The Act of Congress authorized appropriations for the federal law in response to the foreseeable onslaught by the British Army redcoats arson offensive on August 24, 1814 at Washington City better known as the Burning of Washington.

United States Statutes at Large
The United States Statutes at Large, commonly referred to as the Statutes at Large and abbreviated Stat., are an official record of Acts of Congress and concurrent resolutions passed by the United States Congress.

Each act and resolution of Congress is originally published as a slip law, which is classified as either public law (abbreviated Pub.L.) or private law (Pvt.L.), and designated and numbered accordingly. At the end of a congressional session, the statutes enacted during that session are compiled into bound books, known as "session law" publications. The United States Statutes at Large is the name of the session law publication for U.S. Federal statutes. The public laws and private laws are numbered and organized in chronological order.

U.S. Federal statutes are published in a three-part process, consisting of slip laws, session laws (Statutes at Large), and codification (United States Code).
Andrey Parfenov
Andrey Parfenov (born 17 December 1987) is a Russian cross-country skier who competes internationally with the Russian national team.

He made his World Cup debut in 2007, and competed at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2015.

FIS Cross-Country World Cup
The FIS Cross-Country World Cup is an annual cross-country skiing competition, arranged by the International Ski Federation (FIS) since 1981. The competition was arranged unofficially between 1973 and 1981, although it received provisional recognition on the 31st FIS Congress, 29–30 April 1977 in Bariloche, Argentina.

The first World Cup races were held on 9 January 1982 and were located in Reit im Winkl, West Germany and Klingenthal, East Germany. Bill Koch of the United States and Berit Aunli of Norway were the overall winners in the first season.
Martin J. Schreiber
Martin James Schreiber (/ˈʃraɪbər/ SHRY-bər; born April 8, 1939) is an American politician, publisher, author, and lobbyist who served as the 38th lieutenant governor of Wisconsin from 1971 to 1977, and (following the resignation of Patrick Lucey) as the 39th governor of Wisconsin from 1977 to 1979. Schreiber has become an advocate on issues related to Alzheimer's disease and dementia.

Governor of Wisconsin
The governor of Wisconsin is the head of government of Wisconsin and the commander-in-chief of the state's army and air forces. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Wisconsin Legislature, to convene the legislature, and to grant pardons, except in cases of treason and impeachment.

The 46th and current governor is Tony Evers, a Democrat in his second term. He took office on January 7, 2019. He will not seek re-election in the 2026 election.

The position was first filled by Nelson Dewey on June 7, 1848, the year Wisconsin became a state. Prior to statehood, there were four governors of Wisconsin Territory.
Saitkulovo, Ilishevsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Saitkulovo (Russian: Саиткулово; Bashkir: Сәйетҡол, Säyetqol) is a rural locality (a village) in Ishkarovsky Selsoviet, Ilishevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 218 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Ilishevsky District
Ilishevsky District (Russian: Или́шевский райо́н; Bashkir: Илеш районы, İleş rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the republic and borders with Krasnokamsky District in the north, Dyurtyulinsky District in the east, Chekmagushevsky District in the southeast and south, Bakalinsky District in the southwest, and with the Republic of Tatarstan in the west. The area of the district is 1,980.53 square kilometers (764.69 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Verkhneyarkeyevo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 34,654, with the population of Verkhneyarkeyevo accounting for 28.0% of that number.
Exogenous DNA
Exogenous DNA is DNA originating outside the organism of concern or study. Exogenous DNA can be found naturally in the form of partially degraded fragments left over from dead cells. These DNA fragments may then become integrated into the chromosomes of nearby bacterial cells to undergo mutagenesis. This process of altering bacteria is known as transformation. Bacteria may also undergo artificial transformation through chemical and biological processes. The introduction of exogenous DNA into eukaryotic cells is known as transfection. Exogenous DNA can also be artificially inserted into the genome, which revolutionized the process of genetic modification in animals. By microinjecting an artificial transgene into the nucleus of an animal embryo, the exogenous DNA is allowed to merge the cell's existing DNA to create a genetically modified, transgenic animal. The creation of transgenic animals also leads into the study of altering sperm cells with exogenous DNA.

Transduction (genetics)
Transduction is the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral vector. An example is the viral transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another and hence an example of horizontal gene transfer. Transduction does not require physical contact between the cell donating the DNA and the cell receiving the DNA (which occurs in conjugation), and it is DNase resistant (transformation is susceptible to DNase). Transduction is a common tool used by molecular biologists to stably introduce a foreign gene into a host cell's genome (both bacterial and mammalian cells).
Leontiy Miropolskiy
Leontiy Semenovich Mitropolsky or Miropol'skii (Russian: Леонтий Семёнович Миропольский; 1759—1819) was a Russian painter, portraitist, copyist and an icon painter. He is an academician of the Imperial Academy of Arts.

Copyist
A copyist is a person who makes duplications of the same thing. The modern use of the term is mainly confined to music copyists, who are employed by the music industry to produce neat copies from a composer or arranger's manuscript. However, the term is sometimes used for artists who make copies of other artists' paintings.
Embassy of Japan, Seoul
The Embassy of Japan in Seoul (Korean: 주 대한민국 일본 대사관; Hanja: 駐大韓民國 日本 大使館; RR: Ju Daehanmingug Ilbon Daesagwan) is the diplomatic mission of Japan in South Korea. It is located in Seoul, South Korea's capital.

In addition to this embassy, Japan also has two consulates in South Korea: one in Busan and one in Jeju City.

Jeju City
Jeju City (Korean: 제주시, romanized: Jeju-si; Korean pronunciation: [tɕe̞.dʑu]) is the capital of the Jeju Province in South Korea and the largest city on Jeju Island. The city is served by Jeju International Airport (IATA code CJU).

Located on an island off the Korean Peninsula, Jeju has mild, warm weather during much of the year (September 79°
October 70°
November 61°
December 51°)  The city is a well-known resort, with prestigious hotels and public casino facilities. In 2011, 9.9 million passengers flew between the two cities of Seoul and Jeju, making the Gimpo–Jeju route the world's busiest passenger air route.

Jeju welcomes over ten million visitors every year, mainly from the South Korean mainland, Japan, and China. The population of Jeju City is 486,604 people and 225,139 households (244,468 men and 245,136 women, May 2024). The population density is 503.18 (per square km, 2020).
Cool Me Down (Gromee and Inna song)
"Cool Me Down" is a song by Polish disc jockey Gromee and Romanian singer Inna, released on 23 April 2021 for digital download and streaming as a single by Sony Music Entertainment Poland. Included on Gromee's extended play (EP) Tiny Sparks (2022), it was written by Nicholas Audino, Gromee, Moa Hammar, Lewis Hughes, Cassandra Ströberg and Te Whiti Warbrick. A dance track that a few music critics praised for its catchiness, the song lyrically speaks about the passion between two lovers. "Cool Me Down" was a moderate commercial success, achieving its highest peak in Poland, at number two on the Polish Airplay Top 100. For promotion, a music video was uploaded to Gromee's YouTube channel simultaneously with the song's release, and it was also performed live at the RMF FM i Polsatu event in August 2021.

Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry
The Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry (Polish: Związek Producentów Audio-Video; ZPAV) is the trade organization that represents the interests of the music industry in Poland, and the Polish chapter of the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI). Founded in 1991, it is authorised by the Polish Ministry of Culture and National Heritage to act as a copyright collective in the field of phonogram and videogram producers' rights. ZPAV publishes the Polish Music Charts and awards music recording sales certifications. It also issues the Fryderyk annual award for Polish music.
Garrick Morgan
Garrick Morgan (born 25 January 1970), is an Australian rugby coach and former rugby footballer, who played rugby union for the Australian team from 1992 to 1997.

In 2006, he became coach of the Gold Coast Breakers. He is currently head coach of the Souths in the Queensland Premier Rugby competition.

Souths Rugby
Souths Rugby Club or Souths  is an Australian rugby union club based in Brisbane, and the Southern districts area that currently plays in the Queensland Premier Rugby club competition. The club was established in 1948, and since then has produced a host of Queensland and Wallaby rugby players.
Carheil Lake
Carheil Lake (French: Lac Carheil) is a lake in the Côte-Nord region of Quebec, Canada. It  is just south of Fermont, and is the source of the Carheil River, which runs south to the Aux Pékans River. The lake has been polluted with phosphorus from wastewater effluent from Fermont, causing algal bloom. This is cause for concern since the lake is among the headwaters for the wild and unspoiled Moisie River.

Côte-Nord
Côte-Nord (Region 09) (French: [kot nɔʁ], Quebec French: [kou̯t nɑɔ̯ʁ]; lit. 'North Coast') is an administrative region of Quebec, on the Quebec-Labrador Peninsula, Canada.

The region runs along the St. Lawrence River and then the Gulf of St. Lawrence, from Tadoussac to the limits of Labrador, leaning against the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean to the west, the Côte-Nord penetrates deep into Northern Quebec.

With the motto: Between nature and grandeur, the Côte-Nord is made up of 99% public land, it is the second largest region after Nord-du-Québec, which occupies 51% of Quebec's territory.
Anthony Watsham
Anthony Watsham FRES (30 April 1924 – 17 January 2019) was a member of the Society of Jesus, a Catholic priest, and a noted entomologist. He spent more time at St Ignatius College to the time he died. He was made an honorary lifetime member of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa in 2001, and was also a Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society in England.

Scelionidae
The hymenopteran family Scelionidae is a very large cosmopolitan group (over 3000 described species in some 176 genera) of exclusively parasitoid wasps, mostly small (0.5–10 mm), often black, often highly sculptured, with (typically) elbowed antennae that have a 9- or 10-segmented flagellum. It was once considered to be a subfamily of the Platygastridae, but has been revived in the most recent classification of Platygastroidea.

They are generally idiobionts, attacking the eggs of various insects, such as butterflies (e.g., the hackberry emperor), and spiders. Many scelionids are important in biological control. Several genera are wingless, and a few attack aquatic insect eggs underwater.
Riken
Riken (Japanese: 理研; English: /ˈrɪkɛn/; stylized in all caps as RIKEN) is a national scientific research institute in Japan. Founded in 1917, it now has about 3,000 scientists on seven campuses across Japan, including the main site at Wakō, Saitama Prefecture, on the outskirts of Tokyo. Riken is a Designated National Research and Development Institute, and was formerly an Independent Administrative Institution.

Riken conducts research in various fields of science, including physics, chemistry, biology, genomics, medical science, engineering, high-performance computing and computational science, and ranging from basic research to practical applications with 485 partners worldwide. It is almost entirely funded by the Japanese government, with an annual budget of ¥100 billion (US$750 million) in FY2023.

Basic research
Basic research, also called pure research, fundamental research, basic science, or pure science, is a type of scientific research with the aim of improving scientific theories for better understanding and prediction of natural or other phenomena.  In contrast, applied research uses scientific theories to develop technology or techniques, which can be used to intervene and alter natural or other phenomena. Though often driven simply by curiosity, basic research often fuels the technological innovations of applied science. The two aims are often practiced simultaneously in coordinated research and development.

In addition to innovations, basic research serves to provide insights and public support of nature, possibly improving conservation efforts. Technological innovations may influence engineering concepts, such as the beak of a kingfisher influencing the design of a high-speed bullet train.
1988–89 FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup
The 1988/89 FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup was the tenth World Cup season in freestyle skiing organised by International Ski Federation. The season started on 9 December 1988 and ended on 24 March 1989. This season included four disciplines: aerials, moguls, ballet and combined.

Aerial skiing
Aerial skiing or aerials is a freestyle skiing discipline where athletes ski down a slope to launch themselves off a kicker (a vertically inclined ramp) and perform multiple twists and flips before landing on an inclined landing hill. Aerialists are scored on their jumps based on air, form and landing with their score multiplied by the degree of difficulty of the jump they performed.

Internationally, the sport is contested at the FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup, FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships, and the Winter Olympic Games.
Miami Shores, Florida
Miami Shores or Miami Shores Village is a village in Miami-Dade County, Florida. The village is part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,567, up from 10,493 in 2010.

South Florida
South Florida, sometimes colloquially shortened to SoFlo, is the southernmost region of the U.S. state of Florida. It is one of Florida's three most commonly referred to directional regions; the two others are Central Florida and North Florida. South Florida is the southernmost part of the continental United States and the only region of the continental U.S. that includes some areas with a tropical climate.

South Florida is dominated by the Miami metropolitan area and the Everglades. It also contains the Florida Keys; three U.S. national parks: Biscayne, Dry Tortugas, and Everglades; and multiple cities.
Bryolymnia semifascia
Bryolymnia semifascia, the half-banded bryolymnia, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by John Bernhardt Smith in 1900. It is found in the US from northern Colorado and southern Utah southward to south-eastern Arizona and south-central New Mexico.

The wingspan is 26–29 mm. Adults have been collected from mid-June to mid-September in conifer forests.

John Bernhardt Smith
John Bernhardt Smith (November 21, 1858 – March 12, 1912) was an American professor of entomology who specialized in systematics and economic entomology while also serving as the State Entomologist of New Jersey. Smith is remembered in insect taxonomy for the conflict that he had with Harrison Dyar.
Diethanolamine
Diethanolamine, often abbreviated as DEA or DEOA, is an organic compound with the formula HN(CH2CH2OH)2. Pure diethanolamine is a white solid at room temperature, but its tendencies to absorb water and to supercool often results in it being found in a colorless, viscous liquid state. Diethanolamine is polyfunctional, being a secondary amine and a diol. Like other organic amines, diethanolamine acts as a weak base. Reflecting the hydrophilic character of the secondary amine and hydroxyl groups, DEA is soluble in water. Amides prepared from DEA are often also hydrophilic. In 2013, the chemical was classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2B).

Supercooling
Supercooling, also known as undercooling, is the process of lowering the temperature of a liquid below its freezing point without it becoming a solid. Per the established international definition, supercooling means "cooling a substance below the normal freezing point without solidification". While it can be achieved by different physical means, the postponed solidification is most often due to the absence of seed crystals or nuclei around which a crystal structure can form. The supercooling of water can be achieved without any special techniques other than chemical demineralization, down to −48.3 °C (−54.9 °F). Supercooled water can occur naturally, for example in the atmosphere, animals or plants.

This phenomenon was first described in 1724 by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, while developing the Fahrenheit scale.