hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wanna, Germany
Wanna is a village and a municipality in the integrated municipality of Land Hadeln, Lower Saxony, Germany.

Wanna belongs to the Land of Hadeln, first an exclave of the younger Duchy of Saxony and after its de facto dynastic partition in 1296 of the Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg, established de jure in 1260. In 1728 Emperor Charles VI enfeoffed the George II Augustus and his House of Hanover in personal union with the reverted fief of Saxe-Lauenburg. By a redeployment of Hanoverian territories in 1731 the Hanoverian Duchies of Bremen and Verden were conveyed the administration of the neighboured Land of Hadeln. The Kingdom of Hanover incorporated the Land of Hadeln in a real union and its territory, including Wanna, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.

Saxe-Wittenberg
The Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg (German: Herzogtum Sachsen-Wittenberg) was a medieval duchy of the Holy Roman Empire centered at Wittenberg, which emerged after the dissolution of the stem duchy of Saxony. The Ascanian dukes prevailed in obtaining the Saxon electoral dignity until their duchy was finally elevated to the Electorate of Saxony by the Golden Bull of 1356.
Battle of Turret Peak
The Battle of Turret Peak occurred March 27, 1873 in the Arizona Territory between the United States Army and a group of Yavapai and Tonto Apaches as part of Lieutenant Colonel George Crook's campaign to return the natives to reservations.

Tonto Apache
The Tonto Apache (Western Apache: Dilzhę́’é, Dilzhe'e, and Dilzhe’eh Apache) is a band of Western Apache people in Arizona.

The term "Tonto" is also used for their dialect, one of the three dialects of the Western Apache language, a member of Southern Athabaskan language family.

Today, Tonto Apache people are enrolled in several federally recognized tribes in Arizona. These include:

Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation

San Carlos Apache Tribe of the San Carlos Reservation

Tonto Apache Tribe of Arizona

White Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation

Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation.
Lewis Williams (rugby union)
Lewis Williams, born  (1987-10-24) 24 October 1987 in Pentrebach, Merthyr Tydfil County Borough, Wales is a rugby union player for Pontypridd RFC in the Principality Premiership.

Williams joined Pontypridd from Merthyr RFC in 2008, and swiftly made a mark at Pontypridd as a fleet-footed winger, being called up to train with the Wales Sevens team in November 2008.

Williams' older brother Gavin is a midfielder with Merthyr Town.

His position of choice is at wing.

Merthyr Tydfil County Borough
Merthyr Tydfil County Borough (Welsh: Bwrdeistref Sirol Merthyr Tudful) is a county borough in the south-east of Wales. In 2024, it had an estimated population of 58,972, making it the smallest local authority in Wales by population. It is located in the historic county of Glamorgan and takes its name from the town with the same name. The county borough consists of the northern part of the Taff Valley and the smaller neighbouring Taff Bargoed Valley. It borders the counties of Rhondda Cynon Taf to the west, Caerphilly County Borough to the east, and Powys to the north. The area was awarded county borough status in 1908 until the original county borough was abolished in 1974. In 1996, Merthyr Tydfil became a principal area and one that is styled as a "county borough" in recognition of its historical status.
Original TRG
The Original TRG, simply known as the Original Tailed Radio Galaxy or 7C 1712+6406, is a radio galaxy located in the constellation of Draco. The redshift of the galaxy is (z) 0.079 and it was first discovered as an astronomical radio source by A. Slingo in 1974, whom he classified it having a straight radio spectrum. It is one of the members belonging to the Abell 2255 galaxy cluster.

Astronomical radio source
An astronomical radio source is an object in outer space that emits strong radio waves. Radio emission comes from a wide variety of sources. Such objects are among the most extreme and energetic physical processes in the universe.
Gladys Willems
Gladys Willems (born 4 January 1977 in Schoten) is a Belgian compound archer. She has competed at the major World Archery Federation competitions, the World Cup, winning stage medals, and the World Archery Championships, winning a gold medal at the indoor championships. She set a world record of 149 for a 15-arrow round in 2011, a record which stood until broken by Sara López's first ever perfect round of 150 in 2013, and a FITA round world record of 1411 in 2007 in Lausanne. The highest world ranking she has achieved is 4, in 2007.

World Archery
World Archery (WA, formerly Fédération Internationale de Tir à l'Arc – FITA) is the governing body of the sport of archery. It is based in Lausanne, Switzerland. It is composed of 156 national federations and other archery associations, and is recognised by the International Olympic Committee.
Övre Soppero
Övre Soppero (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈø̌ːvrɛ ˈsɔ̌pːɛrɔ]; Meänkieli: Yli-Soppero; Northern Sámi: Badje Sohppar) is a locality situated in Kiruna Municipality, Norrbotten County, Sweden with 201 inhabitants in 2010.

Urban areas in Sweden
An urban area or tätort (lit. 'dense locality') in Sweden has a minimum of 200 inhabitants and may be a city, town or larger village. It is a purely statistical concept, not defined by any municipal or county boundaries. Larger urban areas synonymous with cities or towns (Swedish: stad for both terms) for statistical purposes have a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The same statistical definition is also used for urban areas in the other Nordic countries.

In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population.

Urban area is a common English translation of the Swedish term tätort. The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, "locality" (Swedish: ort). It could be compared with "census-designated places" in the United States.
Kosynthos (river)
Kosynthos (Greek: Κόσυνθος) is a river in Thrace, Greece, with a total length of 52 kilometres. It originates from Mount Erymanthos (also known as Chaintou) of the Rhodope Mountains. The river flows generally south to southeast, traverses the city of Xanthi, and eventually empties into Lake Vistonida near the settlement of Selino, at the site of the ancient city of Anastasioupolis.

During ancient times, Kosynthos along with other rivers that flow from the Rhodope Mountains to the coastal area (such as Nestos and Kompsatos), shaped not only the physical but also the cultural landscape as ethnic, tribal or cultural boundaries in Aegean Thrace. This was an area of significant importance as the meeting point of the Aegean world of the Greek city states with the inland cultures of various Thracian tribes like the Sapaians, Vistones or Kikones who inhabited the area.

Mount Erymanthos
Mount Erymanthos (Greek: Ερύμανθος, Latin: Erymanthus) overall is an irregular massif of peaks connected by ridges embedded in the mountains located in the north of the Peloponnese, Greece. Erymanthos is on the west side. Its highest peak, Olenos or Olonos (Ωλενός or Ωλονός), Olenos original and preferred, elevation 2,224 m (7,297 ft), is often called Mount Erymanthus, and conversely, Mount Olenos can be used for the entire range, although the customary usage is Erymanthos for the range and Olenos for the peak.
Galactica (roller coaster)
Galactica is a flying roller coaster located in the Forbidden Valley area of Alton Towers amusement park in Staffordshire, England. It originally opened as Air on 16 March 2002 and is the first flying coaster manufactured by Bolliger & Mabillard. Guests ride in a prone position, meant to produce the feeling of flight, as the train passes close to the ground, under footpaths, and narrowly past trees and rocks. The ride was refurbished for the 2016 season and reopened as Galactica. It features an 840-metre-long (920 yd) track and reaches a maximum speed of 75 km/h (47 mph; 21 m/s).

Amusement Today
Amusement Today is a monthly periodical that features articles, news, pictures and reviews about all things relating to the amusement park industry, including parks, rides, and ride manufacturers. The trade newspaper, which is based in Arlington, Texas, United States, was founded in January 1997 by Gary Slade, Virgil E. Moore III and Rick Tidrow.

In 1997, Amusement Today won the Impact Award in the services category for "Best New Product" from the International Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions (IAAPA). A year later, in 1998, the magazine founded the Golden Ticket Awards, for which it has become best known for throughout the amusement park industry. On January 2, 2001, Slade bought out his two partners, giving him sole ownership of the paper. The paper has two full-time and two part-time staff members at its Arlington office, along with two full-time writers and several freelance writers in various parts of the world.
Santa Barbara Machine Head
Santa Barbara Machine Head were a short-lived British electric blues combo that formed and disbanded in late 1966. At the time they formed, Jon Lord was the organist of The Artwoods, Ronnie Wood and Kim Gardner were members of The Birds, and John "Twink" Alder was the drummer for The In Crowd (soon to change their name to Tomorrow). They recorded three instrumental songs together for Immediate Records; "Albert", "Porcupine Juice" and "Rubber Monkey", written by Jon Lord and session producer Gus Dudgeon, released in 1968 on the compilation album Blues Anytime Vol. 3. All four members later went on to achieve success and notoriety with other bands.

Electric blues
Electric blues is blues music distinguished by the use of electric amplification for musical instruments.  The guitar was the first instrument to be popularly amplified and used by early pioneers T-Bone Walker in the late 1930s and John Lee Hooker and Muddy Waters in the 1940s.  Their styles developed into West Coast blues, Detroit blues, and post-World War II Chicago blues, which differed from earlier, predominantly acoustic-style blues.  By the early 1950s, Little Walter was a featured soloist on blues harmonica using a small hand-held microphone fed into a guitar amplifier.  Although it took a little longer, the electric bass guitar gradually replaced the stand-up bass by the early 1960s.  Keyboards, especially electric organs and electric pianos, later became widely used in electric blues.
Avenue 5
Avenue 5 is a science fiction comedy television series created by Armando Iannucci consisting of two seasons. It starred Hugh Laurie and Josh Gad in lead roles as captain and owner of a fictional interplanetary cruise ship Avenue 5. HBO produced the series in the United States and Sky UK in the United Kingdom. The first season premiered on HBO in the United States on January 19, 2020. The second season was released on October 10, 2022. In February 2023, the series was cancelled.

Television comedy
Television comedy is a category of broadcasting that has been present since the early days of entertainment media. While there are several genres of comedy, some of the first ones aired were variety shows. One of the first United States television programs was the comedy-variety show Texaco Star Theater, which was most prominent in the years that it featured Milton Berle (from 1948 to 1956). The range of television comedy has become broader, with the addition of sitcoms, improvisational comedy, and stand-up comedy, while also adding comedic aspects into other television genres, including drama and news. Television comedy provides opportunities for viewers to relate the content in these shows to society. Some audience members may have similar views about certain comedic aspects of shows, while others will take different perspectives. This also relates to developing new social norms, sometimes acting as the medium that introduces these transitions.
Kabirhat Upazila
Kabirhat (Bengali: কবিরহাট, romanized: Kobirhat) is an upazila of Noakhali District, located in Bangladesh's Chittagong Division. It is named after its administrative centre, the town of Kabirhat, and is the newest upazila of the district.

Chittagong Division
Chittagong Division (Bengali: চট্টগ্রাম বিভাগ), officially Chattogram Division, is geographically the largest of the eight administrative Divisions of Bangladesh. It covers the southeasternmost areas of the country, with a total area of 34,529.97 km2 (13,332.10 sq mi) and a population according to the 2022 census of 33,202,326, which made it the second most populous division of Bangladesh and the 45th most populous subnational entity in the world — more populous than all but 43 other countries.
Chittagong Division is home to Cox's Bazar, the longest natural sea beach in the world; as well as St. Martin's Island, Bangladesh's sole coral reef.
Moschofilero
Moschofilero (Greek Μοσχοφίλερο) is an aromatic white grape of Greek origins with a pink/purple skin and quite spicy flavor with good acidity. Grown throughout much of Greece and primarily in Peloponnese where it is traditionally used to make a dry and bold wine with much spice and perfume. It is characterized by a "rose garden" bouquet and is usually paired with fresh fruit or fruit-based desserts. It makes still, sparkling, and dessert wines, and can have characteristics similar to the Muscat. It ripens late and can have problems with hot weather. It is the grape required to make the "Mantineia" PDO blanc de gris wines.

Moschofilero grows in Northern California at the Abbey of New Clairvaux since 2011. The original Moschofilero cuttings were imported in 1948 by Harold Olmo, grape breeder at the University of California, Davis, where they were stored until the abbey of New Clairvaux took interest in the early 2000s.

Fragrance compound
A fragrance compound (or fragrance) is a chemical compound with a pleasant odor. Fragrances affect only the sense of smell, whereas flavors can affect both the sense of taste and smell. Fragrances are often mixtures of individual fragrance compounds. Although many fragrances are derived from natural sources, many are synthetic. Fragrances are widely used in cosmetics and are the basis for a large industry.
Phase One Karma
Phase One Karma (P1K) is an IT company developing products based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. The company produced Unicheck (a part of Turnitin since 2020), a cloud-based plagiarism detection software; Lawrina, a legaltech website; and Otomistrz, a sales website for home service professionals and homeowners.

Turnitin
Turnitin (stylized as turnitin) is an Internet-based similarity detection service run by the American company Turnitin, LLC, a subsidiary of Advance Publications. The software as a service (SaaS) website sells automated checks of submitted documents against its database of prior submitted documents and the content of other websites to identify plagiarism. As of 2025, the company licenses access to its services to over 16,000 universities and high schools worldwide, with more than 71 million students enrolled, but as early as 2006, Princeton, Harvard, Yale and Stanford decided not to use Turnitin.
Abdul Haque (politician, born 1920)
Abdul Haque (Bengali: আবদুল হক; 23 December 1920 – 22 December 1995)  was a Bengali armed revolutionary and communist politician. During the British Raj, he participated in the 1939 Holwell Monument agitation and the Tebhaga movement. In East Pakistan, he was directly involved in the 1950 Khapra Ward movement at Rajshahi Central Jail, as well as the 1969 East Pakistan mass uprising. Following the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, he took part in various communist revolutionary movements.

Independence of Bangladesh
The independence of Bangladesh was declared from Pakistan on 26 March 1971, which is now celebrated as Independence Day. The Bangladesh Liberation War started on 26 March and lasted till 16 December 1971 which is celebrated as Victory Day in Bangladesh.
Knotted column
Knotted column (also serpent column) is an architectural element, consisting of a pair of columns joined together by a "flat knot". The column was particularly used during the Romanesque period when it spread in a wide geographical area between Northern Italy, Bavaria, and Burgundy, and was particularly associated with the work of the Comacine masters and the Cistercian order.

Comacine masters
The Comacine masters (magistri comacini) were early medieval Lombard stonemasons working in a region of excellent building stone who gave to Lombardy its preeminence in the stone architecture that preceded Romanesque style.
Love in a Hot Climate
Love in a Hot Climate (Spanish: Sangre y luces, French: Sang et lumières) is a 1954 Spanish-French drama film directed by Georges Rouquier and Ricardo Muñoz Suay. It was entered into the 1954 Cannes Film Festival.

1954 Cannes Film Festival
The 7th Cannes Film Festival took place from 25 March to 9 April 1954. French writer and filmmaker Jean Cocteau served as jury president for the main competition. This was the last festival with a predominantly French jury.

The Grand Prix was awarded, as the highest prize of the Festival, to Gate of Hell by Teinosuke Kinugasa.

As the festival was becoming more and more a pole of showbiz attraction, scandals and romances of stars were appearing in the press. In 1954, the Simone Silva affair during the Cannes Festival ended up in the destruction of her career as an actress and her premature death, three years later.

The festival opened with Flesh and the Woman by Robert Siodmak.
Shahi Bridge
Shahi Bridge, also known as Munim Khan's Bridge, Akbari Bridge, Mughal Bridge or Jaunpur Bridge,is a 16th-century bridge over river Gomti in Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. The Shahi Bridge is located 1.7 kilometres (1.1 mi) north of Jaunpur Railway station, 7.3 kilometres (4.5 mi) northwest of Zafarābād, 16.2 kilometres (10.1 mi) north-northeast of Mariāhū and 26.6 kilometres (16.5 mi) west-northwest of the town of Kirākat.

Kerakat
Kerakat or Kirakat is a town and nagar panchayat in Jaunpur district of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh with a population of approximately 13,500. It is situated near the Gomati River, which helps the land around the town stay very fertile. Kerakat or Kirakat forms a part of Varanasi Division. It is located 30 km east of the city of Jaunpur and 279 km from Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh.

The town's Postal Index Number is 222142 and it has a postal head office, as well as a police station. It is also a block and tehsil.
Lucien Dulfan
Lucien Dulfan (Russian: Люсьен Вениаминович Дульфан) (born 14 February 1942, Frunze, Kyrgyz SSR) is a Soviet-born conceptualist artist, resident in the United States since 1990. During his career in the USSR, he was considered a Nonconformist artist.

Soviet nonconformist art
Soviet nonconformist art was Soviet art produced in the former Soviet Union  outside the control of the Soviet state. The art movement started in the Stalinist era and was, in particular, outside of the rubric of Socialist Realism. Other terms used to refer to this phenomenon are Soviet counterculture, "underground art" or "unofficial art".
Ixora scheffleri
Ixora scheffleri is small to medium-sized tree species within the family Rubiaceae. It is among four Ixora species occurring in Africa than has a predominant tree habit. It has two infraspecifics, one of which is endangered, the Ixora scheffleri subsp. keniensis.

Infraspecific name
In botany, an infraspecific name is the scientific name for any taxon below the rank of species, i.e. an infraspecific taxon or infraspecies. The scientific names of botanical taxa are regulated by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN). As specified by the ICN, the name of an infraspecific taxon is a combination of the name of a species and an infraspecific epithet, separated by a connecting term that denotes the rank of the taxon. An example of an infraspecific name is Astrophytum myriostigma subvar. glabrum, the name of a subvariety of the species Astrophytum myriostigma (bishop's hat cactus). In the previous example, glabrum is the infraspecific epithet.

Names below the rank of species of animals and of cultivated plants are regulated by different codes of nomenclature and are formed somewhat differently.
Samuel Point
Samuel Point (Nos Samuil \'nos sa-mu-'il\) is on the coast of Bransfield Strait forming the southwest side of the entrance to Brunow Bay on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  The point is situated on the east side of Rozhen Peninsula, surmounted by Needle Peak (370 m), a conspicuous offshoot of Friesland Ridge. Opitsvet Lake lies at the point's base.

The feature is named after Czar Samuil of Bulgaria, 980-1014 AD.

Bransfield Strait
Bransfield Strait or Fleet Sea (Spanish: Estrecho de Bransfield, Mar de la Flota) is a body of water about 100 kilometres (60 mi) wide extending for 300 miles (500 km) in a general northeast – southwest direction between the South Shetland Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula.
Bob Mersereau
Bob Ellis Mersereau is a Canadian arts journalist.

He is a music columnist and longtime arts reporter for CBC Television in New Brunswick. Since 1982, he has been a reporter on the East Coast music scene for CBC Radio, CBC Television, and the Telegraph-Journal. Nicknamed Rockin' Bob by Peter Gzowski, Mersereau was a frequent guest on CBC programs such as Morningside and Sounds Like Canada.

Mersereau is the author of the 2007 book The Top 100 Canadian Albums, its 2010 follow-up The Top 100 Canadian Singles, the 2015 book The History of Canadian Rock 'n' Roll, and most recently The East Coast Book of Fame: Top 50. His daughter, Jamie Kitts, is also an author and a small-press editor.

Peter Gzowski
Peter John Gzowski CC (July 13, 1934 – January 24, 2002), known colloquially as "Mr. Canada", or "Captain Canada", was a Canadian broadcaster, writer and reporter, most famous for his work on the CBC radio shows This Country in the Morning and Morningside. His first biographer argued that Gzowski's contribution to Canadian media must be considered in the context of efforts by a generation of Canadian nationalists to understand and express Canada's cultural identity. Gzowski wrote books, hosted television shows, and worked at a number of newspapers and at Maclean's magazine.  Gzowski was known for a friendly, warm, interviewing style.
Meladhanur
Meladhanur is a village located in Tittakudi taluk, Cuddalore district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Tittakudi is the nearest town for this village and the Trichy to Chennai highway (NH45) is the nearest one.

Tittakudi
Tittakudi is a Municipality and taluk headquarters in Cuddalore district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Tittakudi itself is the Tittakudi Member of Assembly Constituency. Tittakudi is the reserved Constituency.

It is the part of Cuddalore Lok Sabha Constituency. It is located at a distance of 248 km from Chennai and 33 km from Virudachalam.
Legio XIX
Legio XIX ("Nineteenth Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. It was destroyed in 9 AD in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest. The emblem of the XIXth legion is unknown but was probably the Capricorn like other legions levied by Augustus.

Capricorn (astrology)
Capricorn (♑︎; Ancient Greek: Αιγόκερως, romanized: Aigókerōs, Latin for "horned goat") is the tenth astrological sign in the zodiac out of twelve total zodiac signs, originating from the constellation of Capricornus, the goat. It spans the 270–300th degree of the zodiac, corresponding to celestial longitude.  Under the tropical zodiac, the sun transits this area from around December 22 to January 20. Capricorn is one of the three earth signs, alongside Virgo and Taurus, a negative sign, and one of the four cardinal signs. Capricorn is ruled by the planet Saturn and its opposite sign is Cancer.