hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Land law
Land law is the form of law that deals with the rights to use, alienate, or exclude others from land. In many jurisdictions, these kinds  of property are referred to as real estate or real property, as distinct from personal property. Land use agreements, including renting, are an important intersection of property and contract law. Encumbrance on the land rights of one, such as an easement, may constitute the land rights of another. Mineral rights and water rights are closely linked, and often interrelated concepts.

Land rights are such a basic form of law that they develop even where there is no state to enforce them; for example, the claim clubs of the American West were institutions that arose organically to enforce the system of rules appurtenant to mining. Squatting, the occupation of land without ownership, is a globally ubiquitous phenomenon.
Indigenous land rights is also a perennial related issue.

Personal property
Personal property is property that is movable. In common law systems, personal property may also be called chattels or personalty. In civil law systems, personal property is often called movable property or movables—any property that can be moved from one location to another.

Personal property can be understood in comparison to real estate, immovable property or real property (such as land and buildings).

Movable property on land (larger livestock, for example) was not automatically sold with the land; it was "personal" to the owner and moved with the owner.

The word cattle is the Old Norman variant of Old French chatel, chattel (derived from Latin capitalis, "of the head"), which was once synonymous with general movable personal property.
Miss Ecuador 2014
Miss Ecuador 2014, the 64th Miss Ecuador pageant, was held on March 15, 2014. Constanza Báez from Pichincha crowned her successor Alejandra Argudo from Manabí as Miss Ecuador 2014. It was broadcast on Gama TV.

The winner represented Ecuador at Miss Universe 2014, while the first runner-up participated in Miss International 2014 and the second runner-up competed in Miss Supranational 2014. The other finalists entered in various minor international pageants.

Although it was planned to be streamed over Xbox Live to Ecuadorian communities abroad, this arrangement was cancelled to avoid interrupting Titanfall players from their games.

Pichincha Province
Pichincha (Spanish pronunciation: [piˈtʃintʃa]) is a province of Ecuador located in the northern Sierra region; its capital and largest city is Quito. It is bordered by Imbabura and Esmeraldas to the north, Cotopaxi and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas to the south, Napo and Sucumbíos to the east, and Esmeraldas and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas to the west.

Prior to 2008, the canton Santo Domingo de los Colorados was part of the Pichincha Province. It has since become its own province, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas.

The province is home to many rose plantations, which make up the bulk of Ecuador's floriculture industry.
California High School (San Ramon, California)
California High School (commonly referred to as Cal High) is one of two public high schools located in San Ramon, California, United States (Dougherty Valley High School is the other). It is one of four high schools in the San Ramon Valley Unified School District and serves students from the western portion of San Ramon and the unincorporated area of Norris Canyon. Its mascot is the grizzly bear.

As of the 2014–15 school year, the school had an enrollment of 2,639 students and 107.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 24.5:1. There were 78 students (3.0% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 39 (1.5% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Cal High's athletic rivals are Monte Vista High School and San Ramon Valley High School in Danville, and De La Salle High School in Concord, California.

Norris Canyon, California
Norris Canyon is a census-designated place in Contra Costa County, California. Norris Canyon sits at an elevation of 1063 feet (324 m). The 2020 United States census reported Norris Canyon's population was 1,313.
Maslahat
Maslahat (Persian: مصلحت; lit. 'Expediency') is a film written and directed by Hossein Darabi and produced by Mohammad Reza Shafah. The first joint film production of the Owj Arts and Media Organization and The Artistic Sect of the Islamic Republic, produced at the "Sooreh Film Club", it was one of the films presented at the 39th Fajr Film Festival.

39th Fajr Film Festival
The 39th Fajr Film Festival (Persian: سی و نهمین جشنواره فیلم فجر) was held from 1 to 11 February 2021 in Tehran, Iran. The nominees for the 39th Fajr Film Festival were announced on February 10, 2021, at a press conference.
Isaac Arthur
Isaac Albert Arthur (born September 20, 1980) is a science educator, YouTuber, futurist and president of the American National Space Society (NSS). He is best known as producer of his YouTube channel, Science & Futurism With Isaac Arthur (SFIA), where he discusses a broad variety of topics on futurism and space colonization.

Futurist
Futurists (also known as futurologists, prospectivists, foresight practitioners and horizon scanners) are people whose specialty or interest is future studies or futurology or the attempt to systematically explore predictions and possibilities about the future and how they can emerge from the present, whether that of human society in particular or of life on Earth in general.
HMS Clyde (1796)
HMS Clyde was a 32-gun Artois-class frigate of the Royal Navy built at Chatham Dockyard of fir (pitch pine), and launched in 1796. In 1797, she was one of only two ships whose captains were able to maintain some control over their vessels during the Nore mutiny. In 1805, HMS Clyde was dismantled and rebuilt at Woolwich Dockyard; she was relaunched on 23 February 1806. She was ultimately sold in August 1814.

Chatham Dockyard
Chatham Dockyard was a Royal Navy Dockyard located on the River Medway in Kent. Established in Chatham in the mid-16th century, the dockyard subsequently expanded into neighbouring Gillingham; at its most extensive (in the early 20th century) two-thirds of the dockyard lay in Gillingham, one-third in Chatham.

It came into existence at the time when, following the Reformation, relations with the Catholic countries of Europe had worsened, leading to a requirement for additional defences. Over 414 years Chatham Royal Dockyard provided more than 500 ships for the Royal Navy, and was at the forefront of shipbuilding, industrial and architectural technology. At its height, it employed over 10,000 skilled artisans and covered 400 acres (1.6 km2). Chatham dockyard closed in 1984, and 84 acres (34 ha) of the Georgian dockyard is now managed as the Chatham Historic Dockyard visitor attraction by the Chatham Historic Dockyard Trust.
12-Methoxy-LSD
12-Methoxy-LSD is a drug of the ergoline and lysergamide families and a derivative of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). In terms of chemical structure, 12-methoxy-LSD is to LSD as 5-MeO-DMT is to dimethyltryptamine (DMT), with 12-methoxy-LSD notably containing 5-MeO-DMT within its conformationally constrained structure. Both 12-methoxy-LSD and its analogue 12-hydroxy-LSD have been described as non-hallucinogenic in humans. However, in other more recent reports, 12-hydroxy-LSD produced psychedelic-like effects in rodents and was said to have similar activity as LSD in humans.

Ergoline
Ergoline is a core structure in many alkaloids and their synthetic derivatives. Ergoline alkaloids were first characterized in ergot. Some of these are implicated in the condition of ergotism, which can take a convulsive form or a gangrenous form. Even so, many ergoline alkaloids have been found to be clinically useful. Annual world production of ergot alkaloids has been estimated at 5,000–8,000 kg of all ergopeptines and 10,000–15,000 kg of lysergic acid, used primarily in the manufacture of semi-synthetic derivatives.

Others, such as lysergic acid diethylamide, better known as LSD, a semi-synthetic derivative, and ergine, a natural derivative found in Argyreia nervosa, Ipomoea tricolor and related species, are known psychedelic substances.
Quartets (Fred Frith album)
Quartets is a 1994 studio album by English guitarist, composer and improvisor Fred Frith. It consists of two compositions by Frith, "Lelekovice, String Quartet #1", performed by the Violet Wires String Quartet, and "The As Usual Dance Towards the Other Flight to What is Not", performed by an electric guitar quartet. Frith performs with the guitar quartet, but not with the string quartet.

Improvisation
Improvisation or improvization (often shortened to improv) is the activity of making or doing something not planned beforehand, using whatever can be found. The origin of the word itself is in the Latin "improvisus", which literally means un-foreseen. Improvisation in the performing arts is a very spontaneous performance without specific or scripted preparation. The skills of improvisation can apply to many different faculties across all artistic, scientific, physical, cognitive, academic, and non-academic disciplines; see Applied improvisation.
Dega Deva Kumar Reddy
Dega Deva Kumar Reddy is an Indian educationist, film producer, and an entrepreneur. Deva Kumar is an alumnus of Rishi Valley School, a school founded by Jiddu Krishnamurti in Madanapalle, South India. He founded 'Srujana School' and produced Telugu feature films Ammayi Bagundi and Manasu Palike Mouna Raagam. He also produced 'Essence of Life' a synergy of five Indian classical dance forms based on Jiddu Krishnamurti teachings.

Madanapalle
Madanapalle is a City and District headquarters of Annamayya district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.  Madanapalle is headquarters of Madanapalle Mandal, Madanapalle revenue division and PKM Urban Development Authority.
François-Michel Lambert
François-Michel Lambert (born 24 August 1966) is a French politician who has represented the 10th constituency of the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the National Assembly since 2012. A former member of Europe Ecology – The Greens (EELV), which he left in 2015 to join Jean-Luc Bennahmias's Democratic Front (FD), he has been a member of Liberty Ecology Fraternity (LEF) since 2020.

The Ecologists
The Ecologists – Europe Ecology The Greens (French: Les Écologistes – Europe Écologie Les Verts), commonly known as The Ecologists (French: Les Écologistes, LÉ) and formerly as Europe Ecology The Greens (French: Europe Écologie Les Verts [øʁɔp ekɔlɔʒi le vɛʁ], EELV [ə ɛl ve]) until 2023, is a centre-left to left-wing green political party in France. The party is a member of the European Green Party. It was formed on 13 November 2010 from the merger of The Greens and Europe Ecology.
The Last Outlaw (1936 film)
The Last Outlaw is a 1936 American Western film directed by Christy Cabanne from a screenplay by John Twist and Jack Townley. The original story was credited to  "E. Murray Campbell" (Evelyne Murray Campbell, who wrote it in 1919) and John Ford, who directed the 1919 version. Harry Carey starred in both versions.

RKO Radio Pictures previewed the film with a running time of 73 minutes. It was edited to 68 minutes, and finally released as a standard "program western" running 62 minutes. In the trade it was considered a "sleeper", with a novel storyline and treatment. Variety reported that studio executives were upset about the picture being mishandled, and that it might have succeeded as a higher-budgeted "A" picture. In recent years the UCLA Film Archives restored the film to 72 minutes; this is the version shown on Turner Classic Movies.

John Twist
John Twist (July 14, 1898 – February 11, 1976) was an American screenwriter and film producer whose career spanned four decades. He is best remembered for his prolific writing contributions to Western films, notably Colorado Territory (1949), Dallas (1950), and A Distant Trumpet (1964), as well as the adventure film Sinbad the Sailor (1947). His last credit was for co-scripting the war drama None but the Brave (1965).

Born in Albany, Missouri, Twist began his career in the silent film era, providing the story for such films as Breed of Courage (1927) and The Big Diamond Robbery (1929). He earned his first screenwriting credit for The Yellowback in 1929. Twist died of a heart attack in Beverly Hills, California, at the age of 77.
Maxim Bazylev
Maxim Bazylev (Romanov; also known as Adolf; 17 October 1980 - 27 March 2009) was a Russian nationalist, founder of the magazine Russian Will (Russian: Русская воля), and last leader of the NSO (Russian: Национал-социалистическое общество). The FSB believed Bazylev to be the organizer of the Pushkin and Sergiev Posad groups, whose members are accused of committing over 30 murders.

With Bazylev in prison was a co-defendant, 21-year-old student of the Higher School of Economics Roman Zheleznov (Zuhel). Both were charged with eight murders. Bazylev committed suicide in his cell at Petrovka 38 metropolitan detention center by slitting the veins on his forearms and neck.

Defendant
In court proceedings, a defendant is a person or object who is the party either accused of committing a crime in criminal prosecution or against whom some type of civil relief is being sought in a civil case.

Terminology varies from one jurisdiction to another. In Scots law, the terms "accused" or "panel" are used instead in criminal proceedings and "defender" in civil proceedings. Another term in use is "respondent".
Vladimir Plotnikov (politician)
Vladimir Nikolayevich Plotnikov (Russian: Владимир Николаевич Плотников; born 6 November 1961, Gusyovka, Olkhovsky District) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 7th, and 8th State Dumas.

In 1995, Plotnikov was granted a Candidate of Sciences degree in Agricultural Sciences. From 1984 to 1993, he worked as a chief agronomer of the Olkhovsky District. In 1993-2007, he was the deputy of the State Duma of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th convocations.

Initially, Plotnikov was a member of the Agrarian Party of Russia, but in October 2008, he joined the United Russia instead. From April 2004 to 2008 he served as chairman of the Agrarian Party after Mikhail Lapshin stepped down.

On 1 March 2009 he was elected deputy of the Volgograd Oblast Duma. In 2009-2014, Plotnkov was a member of the Federation Council. In 2016 and 2021, he was re-elected for the 7th and 8th State Dumas respectively.

2nd State Duma
The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 2nd convocation (Russian: Государственная Дума Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации II созыва) is a former convocation of the State Duma, Lower House of the Russian Parliament. The 2nd convocation meets at the State Duma building in Moscow, worked from December 17, 1995 – December 19, 1999.
Marmara basidendroca
Marmara basidendroca is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from the New York, United States.

The larvae feed on Fraxinus pennsylvanica. They mine in the stem of their host plant. They are restricted to the main stem at the base of the tree and the root collar.

Gracillariidae
Gracillariidae is an important family of insects in the order Lepidoptera and the principal family of leaf miners that includes several economic, horticultural or recently invasive pest species such as the horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella.
Theon of Antioch
Theon of Antioch (Ancient Greek: Θέων, romanized: Theōn) was an ancient Greek Stoic philosopher during 1st century CE. He was from Antioch in Cilicia (now part of Turkey).

Little is known about Theon. He is mentioned in Suda as a Stoic who wrote Socrates' defense speech, although he must have lived significantly after Socrates and Plato.

Cilicia
Cilicia (/sɪˈlɪʃə/, sil-ISH-ə) is a geographical region of southern Anatolia in West Asia, extending inland from the northeastern coasts of the Mediterranean Sea. Cilicia borders Pamphylia to the west, Lycaonia and Cappadocia to the north, Commagene to the north-east, Syria to the east and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Cilicia has a population ranging over six million, concentrated mostly at the Cilician plain (Turkish: Çukurova). The region includes the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
Šestić
Šestić is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dragi Šestić (born 1966), Bosnian music producer

Dušan Šestić (born 1946), Bosnian Serb musician

Marija Šestić (born 1987), Bosnian Serb singer

Miloš Šestić (born 1956), Serbian footballer

Sasa Sestic (born 1978), Bosnian-Australian barista

Dragi Šestić
Dragi Šestić (born 14 May 1966) is a Bosnian music producer, sound engineer, director of music video clips and record label owner.
In 1998 he founded the first Bosnian World Music band, Mostar Sevdah Reunion. He rediscovered almost forgotten Gypsy music legends from ex-Yugoslavia Šaban Bajramović and Ljiljana Buttler-Petrović and brought them into the spotlight of the international World Music scene.

Šestić was born in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

He worked with the famous maqaam (Maqam al-iraqi), star - Farida Ali from Iraq on her album Ishraqaat.

His work involved many of the Balkan stars, including the Queen of Gyspies Esma Redžepova, Boban Marković, Naat Veliov, Amira Medunjanin, Fulgerica, Ljubiša Stojanović Louis, and many more. His work can be found on many World Music compilations, but most of it is on his record label Snail Records, founded in 2002. He lives and works in the Netherlands.
Martin Høyland
Martin Høyland (born 17 September 1995) is a Norwegian football midfielder who plays for Sogndal.

A youth product of Våg FK, he started his senior career going back and forth between FK Vigør and Vindbjart FK. In the autumn of 2016 he moved up a tier to 2. divisjon team Grorud IL, where the former Våg and Vindbjart player Eirik Kjønø was manager. Høyland became a stalwart of the Grorud team that won promotion to, and survived in, the 2020 1. divisjon. In the summer of 2021 he moved to Stabæk Fotball, where Kjønø now had become manager. He made his Stabæk debut in the cup and his Eliteserien debut in August 2021 against Sarpsborg 08.

On 30 January 2024, Høyland signed with Sogndal, on a contract until 2026.

Norwegian Second Division
The Norwegian Second Division, also called 2. divisjon is the third-highest level of the Norwegian football league system.

There are 28 teams divided into two groups, and at the end of the season the winner of each group earns promotion to the second-highest division, 1. divisjon. The teams finishing in second place in their respective group will qualify for the promotion play-offs, where they will face each other. The winner will play against the 14th placed team in 1. divisjon for promotion. The bottom three teams in each group are relegated to 3. divisjon.

2. divisjon is the highest league a reserve team can participate in, and only reserve teams from the Eliteserien clubs (first tier) are allowed to enter. The participation of reserve teams stirs debate from time to time.
The Troop (book)
The Troop is a 2014 horror novel written by Canadian author Craig Davidson under the pen name Nick Cutter. The novel was released in English in hardback, e-book, and audiobook on February 25, 2014, through Gallery Books. The following year, it won the inaugural James Herbert Award for Horror Writing.

The novel follows a troop of Boy Scouts who must deal with not only the threats posed by killer tapeworms, but also the homicidal and sociopathic tendencies of one of their own.

Gallery Publishing Group
Gallery Publishing Group is a general interest publisher and a division of Simon & Schuster which houses the imprints Gallery Books, Pocket Books, Scout Press, Gallery 13, and Saga Press.

Jen Bergstrom is the Senior Vice President and Publisher.
Collected Poems
Among the numerous literary works titled Collected Poems are the following:

Collected Poems (Achebe) by Chinua Achebe

Collected Poems (Berry) by Wendell Berry

Collected Poems (Boyle) by Kay Boyle

Collected Poems (Browning) by Robert Browning

Collected Poems (Caudwell) by Christopher Caudwell

Collected Poems (Goodman) by Paul Goodman

Collected Poems (Hardy) by Thomas Hardy

Collected Poems (Hughes) by Ted Hughes

Collected Poems (Larkin) by Philip Larkin

Collected Poems (Levi) by Primo Levi

Collected Poems (Lovecraft) by H. P. Lovecraft

Collected Poems (MacDiarmid) by Hugh MacDiarmid

Collected Poems (Moore) by Marianne Moore

Collected Poems (Neilson) by Shaw Neilson

The Collected Poems (Plath) by Sylvia Plath

Collected Poems (Stevens) by Wallace Stevens

Collected Poems (Tierney) by Richard L. Tierney

Collected Poems (Larkin)
Collected Poems is the title of a posthumous collection of Philip Larkin's poetry edited by Anthony Thwaite and published by Faber and Faber. He released two notably different editions in 1988 and 2003, the first of which also includes previously unpublished work. Both editions include the contents of Larkin's collections The North Ship, The Less Deceived, The Whitsun Weddings and High Windows, plus other material.
NGC 336
NGC 336 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on October 31, 1885 by Francis Leavenworth. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, small, round, suddenly brighter middle." It is also known as PGC 3470. Despite this, sometimes it is mistakenly identified as PGC 3526.

Francis Preserved Leavenworth
Francis Preserved Leavenworth (September 3, 1858 in Mount Vernon, Indiana – November 12, 1928; a.k.a. Frank Leavenworth) was an American astronomer.  He discovered many New General Catalogue objects together with Frank Muller and Ormond Stone. They used a telescope with a 66-cm aperture at the Leander McCormick Observatory at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia. He later became Professor of Astronomy at the University of Minnesota in 1892 and was given the title Professor Emeritus when he retired 35 years later.

He became a member of the Camden Astronomical Society shortly after its founding in 1888.

In 1909 he joined Frederick C. Leonard's Society for Practical Astronomy.
Night on Fire
Night on Fire is the debut album by VHS or Beta. It was released September 21, 2004 on Astralwerks.

The song "Night on Fire" was featured in the video game MLB 06: The Show and the film Grandma's Boy.

Astralwerks
Astralwerks (or Astralwerks Records) is an American record label primarily focused on electronic music that is now owned by Universal Music Group. Its material is distributed via Capitol Music Group in the United States. The label was founded in 1993 and, in its early years, featured prominent British acts like The Future Sound of London, Fatboy Slim and The Chemical Brothers. In recent years, its roster has expanded to include acts like Halsey, Marshmello, Porter Robinson, Illenium, Zhu and numerous others. In 2018, Astralwerks' headquarters were moved from its original home of New York City to Los Angeles.
Leonard Jenyns
Leonard Jenyns (25 May 1800 – 1 September 1893) was an English clergyman, author and naturalist. He was forced to take on the name Leonard Blomefield to receive an inheritance. He is chiefly remembered for his detailed phenology observations of the times of year at which events in natural history occurred.

Charlcombe
Charlcombe is a civil parish and small village just north of Bath in the Bath and North East Somerset unitary authority, Somerset, England. The parish had a population of 422 in 2011, and includes the villages of Woolley and Langridge and the hamlet of Lansdown (not to be confused with the Bath suburb of the same name).