hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aplysia gill and siphon withdrawal reflex
The Aplysia gill and siphon withdrawal reflex (GSWR) is an involuntary, defensive reflex of the sea hare Aplysia californica, a large shell-less sea snail or sea slug. This reflex causes the sea hare's delicate siphon and gill to be retracted when the animal is disturbed.
Aplysia californica is used in neuroscience research for studies of the cellular basis of behavior including: habituation, dishabituation, and sensitization, because of the simplicity and relatively large size of the underlying neural circuitry.

Eric Kandel, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2000 for his work with Aplysia californica, was involved in pioneering research into this reflex in the 1960s and 1970s.

Neural circuit
A neural circuit is a population of neurons interconnected by synapses to carry out a specific function when activated. Multiple neural circuits interconnect with one another to form large scale brain networks.

Neural circuits have inspired the design of artificial neural networks, though there are significant differences.
Cubilla
Cubilla is a surname of Spanish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Aldo Cubilla (born 2001), American footballer

Cristóbal Cubilla (born 1962), Paraguayan football manager and former footballer

Luis Cubilla (1940–2013), Uruguayan footballer and manager

Pedro Cubilla (1933–2007), Uruguayan footballer and manager

Walter Cubilla (born 1989), Argentine footballer

Luis Cubilla
Luis Alberto Cubilla Almeida (28 March 1940 – 3 March 2013) was a Uruguayan professional footballer and manager. He had a successful playing career winning 16 major titles. He then went on to become one of the most successful managers in South American football with 17 major titles.
Chremastistophilia
Chrematistophilia (from Greek stem χρηματιστής chrematistes (meaning "money-giver" or "money-trader") and the suffix -philia) is a paraphilia whereby sexual arousal is obtained from being robbed. Kleptolagnia is its opposite, sexual arousal obtained through theft or breaking and entering.

Philia
Philia (/ˈfɪliə/; from Ancient Greek  φιλία (philía)) is one of the four ancient Greek words for love, alongside storge, agape and eros. In Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics, philia is commonly translated as friendship or affection. Its conceptual opposite is phobia, which denotes fear or aversion.
Salim Ali Lake
Salim Ali Lake (Marathi: पक्षीमित्र सलीम आली सरोवर) is located near Delhi Gate, one of the many Gates in Aurangabad, opposite Himayat Bagh, Aurangabad. It is located in the northern part of the city. During the Mughal period, it was known as Khiziri Talab. It has been renamed after the great ornithologist, naturalist Salim Ali and also known as birdman of India.
The office of Divisional Commissioner Aurangabad division is located near it, so is the collector's office of Aurangabad District.

Gates in Aurangabad
The Gates of Aurangabad distinguish it from several other medieval cities in India. Each of the 52 gates have a local history or had individuals linked with it.

Out of the 52, only four main and nine subordinate gates have survived, the most famous, oldest and biggest of them being the Bhadkal Gate near the Naukhanda Palace of Nizams.
Kaatskill Kaleidoscope
The Kaatskill Kaleidoscope is the world's largest kaleidoscope, measuring 56 feet (17 m) in height. It is located in Mount Tremper, New York. It is housed in a converted grain silo. It was designed by 1960s psychedelic artist Isaac Abrams and his son Raphael. It cost $250,000 to build and required a 100 foot crane for its placement, opening in 1996. It is built with 3 mirrors measuring 37.5 feet (11.4 m) in diameter and weighing 2 ½ tons.  Catskills developer Dean Gitter is credited with creating the concept for its construction.

"Kaatskill" is the original spelling of "Catskill", as used by the 17th-century Dutch settlers in this area.

The Kaatskill Kaleidoscope attracts 25,000 annual visitors, and is partnered and shares a location with the Emerson Resort & Spa.

Images are projected through a screen and reflected by three mirrors into a spherical shape. Viewers lean against sloped padded boards that allow them to look up to the kaleidoscope.

Mount Tremper, New York
Mount Tremper is a hamlet in the Town of Shandaken in Ulster County, New York, United States. Mount Tremper is situated to the east of New York State Route 28 and to the north of New York State Route 212, within the Catskill Park. The community is located at 42°02′41″N 74°16′32″W﻿ / ﻿42.04472°N 74.27556°W﻿ / 42.04472; -74.27556. It is named for nearby Mount Tremper.
John James Akpan Udo-Edehe
John James Akpan Udo-Edehe (listenⓘ; born 9 November 1963) is a Nigerian politician who served as a senator for the Akwa Ibom North East Senatorial District at the start of the Fourth Republic, on the platform of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). He took office on 29 May 1999.

Fourth Nigerian Republic
The Fourth Republic is the current republican government of Nigeria. Since 1999, it has governed the country according to the fourth republican constitution. Nigeria adopted the constitution of the Fourth Republic on 29 May 1999.
Sammy Drechsel
Sammy Drechsel (25 April 1925, in Berlin – 19 January 1986, in Munich), born Karl-Heinz Kamke, was a German political comedian, journalist and sports reporter. In 1956, together with Dieter Hildebrandt, he founded the Münchner Lach- und Schießgesellschaft, one of Germany's most successful and influential sites of political kabarett, for which he was producer and director up to his death. From 1950 to his death he also worked as a sports reporter for the Bavarian "Bayrischer Rundfunk". He also became well known for his 1955 book "Elf Freunde müsst ihr sein" ("You Ought to be Eleven Friends"), which targeted an adolescent audience. (The book has also become available as an audiobook, narrated by his long-time friend Hildebrandt.) One of Drechsel's last appearances was in the German TV series Kir Royal, directed by Helmut Dietl, which was completed shortly before his death.

From 1962 to 1986, Drechsel was married to Irene Koss.

Kir Royal – Aus dem Leben eines Klatschreporters
Kir Royal – Aus dem Leben eines Klatschreporters (Kir Royal – From the Life of a Gossip Reporter) is a six-part television series directed by Helmut Dietl, released in 1986. A satirical portrayal of Munich's 1980s elite "Schicki-Micki" (chic and trendy) social scene, the show parodies the Munich-based newspaper Abendzeitung and its real-life gossip columnist Michael Graeter and publisher Anneliese Friedmann. The series centers on fictional tabloid reporter Baby Schimmerlos, who navigates the glamorous yet cutthroat world of celebrity journalism, chronicling the excesses and intrigues of Munich's high society.
Zieria ingramii
Zieria ingramii, commonly known as Ingram's Zieria or Keith's zieria, is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to a small area in central New South Wales. It is a slender, spindly, aromatic shrub with three-part, clover-like leaves and clusters of about seven white to pale pink flowers with four petals and four stamens. The species is only known from two state forests near Dubbo.

Rutaceae
The Rutaceae (/ruːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.

Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from herbs to shrubs and large trees.

The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the orange (C. × sinensis), lemon (C. × limon), grapefruit (C. × paradisi), and lime (various). Boronia is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include Zanthoxylum, several species of which are cultivated for Sichuan pepper, Melicope, and Agathosma. The family Rutaceae contains about 160 genera.
Damrong Sirisakorn
Damrong Sirisakorn (Thai: ดำรงค์ ศิริสาคร; born 27 October 1950) is a Thai sailor. He started sailing when he joined the Navy around age 21, and first competed at the 1975 SEAP Games, where he won a gold medal. He competed in the 470 event at the 1976 Summer Olympics. He won gold at the 1978 Asian Games and the 1985 SEA Games. He holds the naval rank of lieutenant commander.

1975 SEAP Games
The 1975 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games, officially known as the 8th Southeast Asian Peninsular Games, were a Southeast Asian multi-sport event held in Bangkok, Thailand from 9 to 16 December 1975. This was the third time Thailand hosted the games, and its first time since 1967. Previously, Thailand also hosted the 1959 inaugural games. Cambodia and Laos, which only sent token squads made up of military personnel to previous games, declined to participate due to internal political problems, while South Vietnam was fallen and no longer existed. These were the last games to bear the Southeast Asian Peninsular Games name before it was renamed the Southeast Asian Games. The games were opened and closed by the King of Thailand, Bhumibol Adulyadej, at Suphalachasai Stadium. The final medal tally was led by Thailand, followed by Singapore, Burma and Malaysia.
Schizodon
Schizodon is a genus of headstander from South America. Though found widely in tropical freshwater habitats in the continent, the greatest species richness is in the Paraná–Paraguay–Uruguay river basin. They reach up to 40 cm (1.3 ft) in standard length. They are herbivorous, feeding on fruits, seeds, algae, macrophytes, leaves and roots.

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Arthur Humphreys
Arthur L. C. Humphreys (1917–2003) was a managing director of International Computers Limited and a long-time member of the British computer industry.

He joined the British Tabulating Machine Company in 1940, and was involved in the negotiations with Powers-Samas that led to the formation of International Computers and Tabulators in 1958. In 1968, on the formation of ICL, he became its first Managing Director. When Geoff Cross became managing director in 1972, Humphreys was moved to the post of Deputy Chairman, where he remained until his retirement in 1983.

International Computers and Tabulators
International Computers and Tabulators or ICT was a British computer manufacturer, formed in 1959 by a merger of the British Tabulating Machine Company (BTM) and Powers-Samas. In 1963 it acquired the business computer divisions of Ferranti.: 219–220  It exported computers to many countries and in 1968 became part of International Computers Limited (ICL).
Russian submarine Orel
K-266 Orel is a Project 949AM (Antey modernized) nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine (SSGN) (NATO codename Oscar II).  She is one of three Oscar II submarines still serving in the Russian Northern Fleet, all assigned to the 11th Submarine Division, berthed at Guba Bolshaya Lopatka (part of Zapadnaya Litsa, also known as Zaozersk), on the Kola Peninsula northwest of Severomorsk.

Severomorsk
Severomorsk (Russian: Североморск, lit. 'northern sea [city]'), known as Vayenga (Ваенга) until 18 April 1951, is a closed town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. Severomorsk is the main administrative base of the Russian Northern Fleet. The town is situated on the coast of the Barents Sea along the Kola Bay 25 kilometers (16 mi) northeast of Murmansk, the administrative centre of the oblast, to which it is connected by railway and a motorway. It is the main naval base of the Northern Fleet of Russia and the sixth largest city in the world beyond the Arctic Circle.
United League (social organization)
The United League was an African-American social movement in Northern Mississippi established in 1978, during the height of Ku Klux Klan activity in America. The United League's president and founder, Alfred "Skip" Robinson, acted against Klan activity and police brutality in the American South. Mr. Robinson was a brick mason by trade, but a charismatic preacher in practice. He led efforts in the black communities of Northern Mississippi to temper police beatings, organized citywide boycotts, prevented black land and property loss, urged armed defense among the black community, and elected local blacks into political office.

Preacher
A preacher is a person who delivers sermons or homilies on religious topics to an assembly of people. Less common are preachers who preach on the street, or those whose message is not necessarily religious, but who preach components such as a moral or social worldview or philosophy.
Cryptophlebia heterospina
Cryptophlebia heterospina is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae first described by Józef Razowski in . It is found on Seram Island in Indonesia. The habitat consists of bamboo and secondary forests.

The wingspan is about 24 mm.

Józef Razowski
Józef Razowski (born 4 April 1932) is a Polish entomologist and lepidopterist specializing in Tortricidae. He is an honorary member of the Polish Entomological Society and a working member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences (PAU). From 1988 to 1997, Razowski headed the Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals.
Myfox
Myfox is a privately held French company that designs and produces connected, sensor-driven, and wireless home security equipment.

The focus is on home automation products that integrate with category eco-systems (IFTTT, Works with Nest). Myfox's flagship products are the Myfox Home Alarm and the Myfox Security Camera.

The company has its headquarters located in Labège, France, and Campbell, California, in the United States. Its products are available for sale in several European countries, such as France, Germany, Spain, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. The company launched in North America (United States and Canada) in June 2015.

In 2016, Somfy acquired MyFox.

Campbell, California
Campbell (/ˈkæm.bəl/) is a city in Santa Clara County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 census, Campbell's population is 43,959.

Campbell is home to the Pruneyard Shopping Center, a sprawling open-air retail complex which was involved in a famous Supreme Court case that established the extent of the right to free speech in California.
Pierre G. Deslondes
Pierre George Deslondes, last name sometimes spelled Deslonde (born c. 1825), was an African-American sugar planter who served as Secretary of State of Louisiana during the Reconstruction era. He was a wealthy freeman. He served as secretary of state from 1872 until 1876. He later published the News Pioneer in Plaquemine. He owned $55,000 (~$1.56 million in 2024) worth of property in 1860.

He filed a petition in 1859. He was a Republican organizer in Iberville Parish.

He was the son of George Deslondes (died July 7, 1854) and Eloise Belly. Odile and Victoria were his siblings.

Iberville Parish, Louisiana
Iberville Parish (French: Paroisse d'Iberville) is a parish located south of Baton Rouge in the U.S. state of Louisiana, formed in 1807. The parish seat is Plaquemine. The population was 30,241 at the 2020 census.
Chris Mears (baseball)
Christopher Peter Mears (born January 20, 1978) is a Canadian former professional baseball pitcher and current coach who currently serves as the pitching rehab lead for the Cleveland Guardians of Major League Baseball (MLB). Mears previously played in MLB for the Detroit Tigers in 2003, and served as a pitching coordinator with the Boston Red Sox. As a player, the native of Ottawa, Ontario, threw and batted right-handed, stood 6 feet 4 inches (1.93 m) tall and weighed 190 pounds (86 kg) (13 stone, 8 pounds).

Stone (unit)
The stone or stone weight (abbreviation: st.) is an English and British imperial unit of mass equal to 14 avoirdupois pounds (6.35 kg). The stone continues in customary use in the United Kingdom and Ireland for body weight.

England and other Germanic-speaking countries of Northern Europe formerly used various standardised "stones" for trade, with their values ranging from about 5 to 40 local pounds (2.3 to 18.1 kg) depending on the location and objects  weighed. With the advent of metrication, Europe's various "stones" were superseded by or adapted to the kilogram from the mid-19th century onward.
Zgornje Dobrenje
Zgornje Dobrenje (pronounced [ˈzɡoːɾnjɛ dɔˈbɾeːnjɛ]) is a dispersed settlement in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice) south of Šentilj v Slovenskih Goricah in the Municipality of Šentilj in northeastern Slovenia.

Dispersed settlement
A dispersed settlement, also known as a scattered settlement, is one of the main types of settlement patterns used by landscape historians to classify rural settlements found in England and other parts of the world.  Typically, there are a number of separate farmsteads scattered throughout the area. A dispersed settlement contrasts with a nucleated village.

The French term bocage is sometimes used to describe the type of landscape found where dispersed settlements are common.

In addition to Western Europe, dispersed patterns of settlement are found in parts of Papua New Guinea, as among the Gainj, Ankave, and Baining tribes. It is also frequently met with in nomadic pastoral societies.
In Ghana, Kumbyili in the northern region is also an example of a dispersed settlement
1910 Wimbledon Championships
The 1910 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament ran from 20 June until 30 June. It was the 34th staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1910.

The All England Club laid asphalt pathways round the courts.  There was a field of 92 competitors for the men's singles.

This was the first Wimbledon tournament during the reign of King George V.

Arthur Gore (tennis)
Arthur William Charles Wentworth Gore (2 January 1868 – 1 December 1928) was a British tennis player.

He is best known for winning three singles titles at the Wimbledon Championship and was runner-up a record 5 times (shared with Herbert Lawford). He also won gold medals at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England, winning the Men's Indoor Singles and the Men's Indoor Doubles (with Herbert Barrett). He also competed at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden. Gore's Wimbledon win in 1909, at age 41, makes him the oldest person to date to win a Grand Slam singles title.
Harold Knerr
Harold Hering Knerr (September 4, 1882 – July 8, 1949) was an American comic strip creator, who signed his work H. H. Knerr. He was the writer-artist of the comic strip The Katzenjammer Kids for 35 years.

Born in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, Harold Knerr's father was Calvin B. Knerr, a German physician who had migrated to the United States. His mother was Melitta Hering, daughter of Constantine Hering, a pioneer of homeopathy. After attending the Episcopal Academy, he studied for two years at the Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art and then became a newspaper illustrator. He recalled, "My first newspaper work was drawing pictures of gravestones atop the oldest graves in a local cemetery for The Philadelphia Record. These were paid for at the fee of three dollars each."

The Philadelphia Record
The Philadelphia Record was a daily newspaper published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from 1877 until 1947.  It became among the most circulated papers in the city and was at some points the circulation leader.
Pascal Van Hentenryck
Pascal Van Hentenryck (born 8 March 1963) is the A. Russell Chandler III Chair and Professor of Industrial and Systems Engineering at Georgia Tech. He is credited with pioneering advances in constraint programming and stochastic optimization, bridging theory and practice to solve real-world problems across a range of domains including sports scheduling, protein folding, kidney matching, disaster relief, power systems, recommender systems, and transportation. He has developed several optimization technologies including CHIP, Numerica, the Optimization Programming Language (OPL—now an IBM product), and Comet. He has also published several books, including Online Stochastic Combinatorial Optimization, Hybrid Optimization, and Constraint-Based Local Search.

Van Hentenryck is an AAAI and INFORMS fellow and has received numerous awards and honorary degrees for his contributions to optimization and artificial intelligence.

Electric power system
An electric power system is a network of electrical components deployed to supply, transfer, and use electric power. An example of a power system is the electrical grid that provides power to homes and industries within an extended area.  The electrical grid can be broadly divided into the generators that supply the power, the transmission system that carries the power from the generating centers to the load centers, and the distribution system that feeds the power to nearby homes and industries.

Smaller power systems are also found in industry, hospitals, commercial buildings, and homes. A single line diagram helps to represent this whole system. The majority of these systems rely upon three-phase AC power—the standard for large-scale power transmission and distribution across the modern world. Specialized power systems that do not always rely upon three-phase AC power are found in aircraft, electric rail systems, ocean liners, submarines, and automobiles.
Mary Creegan Roark
Mary Creegan Roark (September 1, 1861 – February 1, 1922) was the first female President and second President of Eastern Kentucky State Normal School, later Eastern Kentucky University, from April 1909 until March 1910. Roark held this position following the death of her husband, Ruric Nevel Roark, in 1909. Roark led the university at a time when women did not have the right to vote in state or federal elections. Roark was involved in the Suffrage Movement for Equal Rights and was elected Secretary of the Kentucky Equal Rights Association in 1898. Her stances included better teacher training and salaries, she also helped gain the right to vote in school elections. Roark died in Baltimore, Maryland on February 1, 1922 and is buried in Richmond, Kentucky at the Richmond Cemetery.

Eastern Kentucky University
Eastern Kentucky University (Eastern or EKU) is a public university in Richmond, Kentucky, United States. It also maintains branch campuses in Corbin, Hazard, and Manchester and offers over 40 online undergraduate and graduate options.
Bobby Norfleet
Robert Norfleet (born July 7, 1958) is an American former professional racing driver. He has raced motorcycles, drag cars, and in stock car racing, which included attempts in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series and the ARCA Re/Max Series.

Drag racing
Drag racing is a type of motor racing in which automobiles or motorcycles compete, usually two at a time, to be first to cross a set finish line. The race follows a short, straight course from a standing start over a measured distance, most commonly 1⁄4 mi (1,320 ft; 402 m), with a shorter, 1,000 ft (0.19 mi; 304.80 m) distance becoming increasingly popular, as it has become the standard for Top Fuel dragsters and Funny Cars, where some major bracket races and other sanctioning bodies have adopted it as the standard. The 1⁄8 mi (660 ft; 201 m) is also popular in some circles. Electronic timing and speed sensing systems have been used to record race results since the 1960s.

The history of automobiles and motorcycles being used for drag racing is nearly as long as the history of motorized vehicles themselves, and has taken the form of both illegal street racing and as a regulated motorsport.