hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ivor Gurney
Ivor Bertie Gurney (28 August 1890 – 26 December 1937) was an English poet and composer, particularly of songs. He was born and raised in Gloucester. He suffered from bipolar disorder through much of his life and spent his last 15 years in psychiatric hospitals. Critical evaluation of Gurney has been complicated by this, and also by the need to assess both his poetry and his music. Gurney himself thought of music as his true vocation: "The brighter visions brought music; the fainter verse".

Bliss Carman
William Bliss Carman FRSC (April 15, 1861 – June 8, 1929) was a Canadian poet who lived most of his life in the United States, where he achieved international fame. He was acclaimed as Canada's poet laureate during his later years.

In Canada, Carman is classed as one of the Confederation Poets, a group which also included Charles G.D. Roberts (his cousin), Archibald Lampman, and Duncan Campbell Scott. "Of the group, Carman had the surest lyric touch and achieved the widest international recognition. But unlike others, he never attempted to secure his income by novel writing, popular journalism, or non-literary employment. He remained a poet, supplementing his art with critical commentaries on literary ideas, philosophy, and aesthetics."
Nanchang–Ganzhou high-speed railway
The Nanchang–Ganzhou high-speed railway, or Changgan Passenger Dedicated Line (simplified Chinese: 昌赣客运专线; traditional Chinese: 昌贛客運專線; pinyin: Chāng-Gàn Kèyùn Zhuānxiàn), is a high-speed railway between Nanchang and Ganzhou in Jiangxi province. The southern section of that railway, the Ganzhou–Shenzhen high-speed railway, commenced construction in January 2015. This allows for fast connections from Jiangxi to several coastal cities in Guangdong and Fujian.

Construction work began on December 20, 2014, between Nanchang and Ji'an. The 422-kilometre (262 mi) railway opened in December 2019 with 13 stations built with speeds of up to 350 km/h (217 mph), reducing travel times for Nanchang to Ganzhou from five hours to two hours.

Ganzhou
Ganzhou (Chinese: 赣州; pinyin: Gànzhōu), alternately romanized as Kanchow, is a prefecture-level city in the south of Jiangxi province, China, bordering Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, and Hunan to the west. Its administrative seat is at Zhanggong District.
Loretta
Loretta is a female given name, the masculine version being Lauro. The name is a diminutive form of Lora, itself a form of Laura, which refers to the laurel tree, a symbol of victory. Loretta It is a name given by the Italians of Ancient Italy as a way to compliment beautiful girls, which, luckily, Loretta also means Beautiful, Pleasant or Kind Girl or Young Woman. .

This name is Italian in origin; it was popularized in the United States in the 1930s. It has many variant forms, including Laura, Lora, Loreen, Lorene, Lorinda/Laurinda (English), Lauretta, Loreta, Loritta, and Loreto (Italian).

Loreta (given name)
Loreta is a feminine given name. People bearing the name Loreta include:

Loreta (1911–1998), Iranian actress

Loreta Anilionytė (born 19??), Lithuanian philosopher, writer and translator

Loreta Graužinienė (born 1963),  Lithuanian politician

Loreta Gulotta (born 1987), Italian fencer

Loreta Janeta Velázquez (1842–1923), Cuban-American who masqueraded as a male Confederate soldier during the American Civil Wa
UNC School of Medicine
The University of North Carolina School of Medicine (UNC School of Medicine, UNC SOM) is the medical school of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Founded in 1879, it is one of the top-ranked medical schools in the US, received a Tier 1 ranking from U.S. News & World Report for both research (10th) and primary care (15th), and was ranked 23rd overall by Admit.org. The school is closely affiliated with UNC Health and UNC Medical Center, and serves as a major center for medical education, clinical care, and biomedical research in North Carolina.

The school offers a range of graduate and professional medical programs, including Doctor of Medicine (MD), combined MD/PhD, and combined MD/MPH degree programs, and academic health science programs including physical therapy, physician assistant, and clinical laboratory science.

Health technology
Health technology is defined by the World Health Organization as the "application of organized knowledge and skills in the form of devices, medicines, vaccines, procedures, and systems developed to solve a health problem and improve quality of lives". This includes pharmaceuticals, devices, procedures, and organizational systems used in the healthcare industry, as well as computer-supported information systems. In the United States, these technologies involve standardized physical objects, as well as traditional and designed social means and methods to treat or care for patients.
Walther Stampfli
Walther Stampfli (3 December 1884 in Büren, Solothurn – 11 October 1965) was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council (1940–1947).

He was elected to the Federal Council on 18 July 1940 and handed over office on 31 December 1947. He was affiliated to the Free Democratic Party (FDP/PRD).

During his time in office he was in charge of the Federal Department of Economic Affairs and was President of the Confederation in 1944.

Between 1921 and 1940, he worked in the management of Ludwig von Rollschen Eisenwerke. In 1922, he presided the parliament of the Canton of Solothurn. Between 1930 and 1940, Stampfli was a member of the Swiss National Council.

Stampfli was a citizen of Aeschi.

Swiss nationality law
The primary law governing nationality of Switzerland is the Federal Act on Swiss Citizenship, which came into force on 1 January 2018. Switzerland is a member state of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and the Schengen Area. All Swiss nationals have automatic and permanent permission to live and work in any European Union (EU) or EFTA country.

Swiss nationals are citizens of their municipality of origin, their canton of origin, and the Confederation, in that order: a Swiss citizen is defined as someone who has the citizenship of a Swiss municipality (article 37 of the Swiss Federal Constitution). They are entered in the family register of their place of origin. The manner by which Swiss citizens acquire their place of origin differs depending on whether they acquired Swiss citizenship by filiation (jus sanguinis), ordinary naturalisation, or facilitated naturalisation. Marriage has in and of itself no effect on the places of origin of the spouses.
Raphael Rutman
Raphael Rutman (Modern Hebrew: רפאל ראטמאן, born November 18, 1972) — is a Chabad Rabbi and a Shliach ("emissary") of the Lubavitcher Rebbe Menachem Mendel Schneerson. Executive Chairman of the Federation of Jewish Communities of Ukraine.

Office of the President of Ukraine
The Office of the President of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Офіс Президента України, romanized: Ofis Prezydenta Ukrainy, pronounced [ˈɔfis prezɪˈdɛntɐ ʊkrɐˈjinɪ]), formerly the Administration of the President of Ukraine, is a standing advisory body set up by the President of Ukraine pursuant to clause 28, Article 106 of the Constitution of Ukraine. The Office consists of its Head, Deputies of the Head, Chief of Staff, First Assistant to the President, Advisors, Authorized Advisors, Press Secretary, Representatives of the President, Cabinet of the President, Cabinet of the Head of the Office, Services, Directorates, and Departments.
Hatfield College Boat Club
Hatfield College Boat Club (HCBC) is the rowing club of Hatfield College at Durham University on the River Wear in England.

HCBC is a registered Boat Club through British Rowing, with Boat Code "HAT" and is a member organisation of Durham College Rowing.

The club is open to members of the Hatfield College JCR, MCR and SCR of all abilities. There is a Novice Development programme for absolute beginners. HCBC also trains coxes and has a dedicated Coxes Captain.

The club competes in head races and regattas across the country, including the Head of the River Race, Henley Royal Regatta, Henley Women's Regatta, Durham Regatta, as well as inter-collegiate competitions run by Durham College Rowing.

British Rowing
British Rowing, formerly the Amateur Rowing Association (ARA), is the national governing body for the sport of rowing (both indoor and on-water rowing). It is responsible for the training and selection of individual rowers and crews representing Great Britain and England, and for participation in and the development of rowing in England. Scottish Rowing (formerly SARA) and Welsh Rowing (formerly WARA) oversee governance in their respective nations, organise their own teams for the Home International Regatta and input to the GB team organisation.

British Rowing is a member of the British Olympic Association and the World Rowing Federation (formerly FISA).
Alastair McNeil
Alastair Simpson Bell McNeil (28 January 1915 – 26 January 1944) was a Scottish international rugby union player, who was killed in World War II at Anzio after going missing in action whilst serving as a Surgeon Lieutenant.

He was capped once for Scotland in 1935. He also played for Watsonians RFC.

McNeil played for the Scotland national cricket team as well.

Anzio
Anzio (/ˈænzioʊ/, also US: /ˈɑːntsioʊ/; Italian: [ˈantsjo]) is a resort town and comune in the Lazio region of Italy, about 51 kilometres (32 mi) south of Rome.

Well known for its seaside resorts, it is a fishing port and a departure point for ferries and hydroplanes to the Pontine Islands of Ponza, Palmarola, and Ventotene. The town bears great historical significance as the site of Operation Shingle, a crucial landing by the Allies during the Italian Campaign of World War II.
ESG Solutions
ESG Solutions (Engineering Seismology Group or ESG) is a geophysical products and services company specializing in microseismic monitoring.  ESG manufactures and installs microseismic instrumentation and performs microseismic data processing and interpretation services.  It is headquartered in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, with operations in Calgary, Houston, and Beijing and offices in Brisbane, Surabaya and Dallas.  The company was purchased by Deep Imaging in May 2021. Prior to this the company was purchased by FTSE 250 Index constituent, Spectris, in December 2014.

FTSE 250 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 250 Index, also called the FTSE 250 Index, FTSE 250, or, informally, the "Footsie 250" /ˈfʊtsi/, is a stock market index that consists of the 101st to the 350th mid-cap blue chip companies listed on the London Stock Exchange.
Jashn-e-Rekhta
Jashn-e-Rekhta (Urdu: جشنِ ریختہ, lit. 'Celebration of Rekhta', Hindi: जश्न-ए-रेख़्ता) is the world's largest Urdu language literary festival. It is a three-day event held in New Delhi that celebrates Urdu language. This event was the flagship event of the Rekhta Foundation. The festival showcases Urdu poetry, Urdu literature, Qawwali, and Islamic calligraphy, with performances such as Ghazal, Sufi music, recitations, panel discussions, debates, conversations on films, and calligraphy workshops. It also includes shopping and food festivals. It provides a platform for Urdu lovers to share their poetry and stories in various open forums. The slogan of the festival is "Celebrating Urdu", and it is attended by a huge number of Urdu enthusiasts, younger people

Urdu literature
Urdu literature (Urdu: ادبیاتِ اُردُو, “Adbiyāt-i Urdū”) comprises the literary works, written in the Urdu language. While it tends to be dominated by poetry, especially the verse forms of the ghazal (غزل) and nazm (نظم), it has expanded into other styles of writing, including the short story, or afsana (افسانہ). Urdu literature is popular mostly in Pakistan, where Urdu is the national language, and in India, where it is an Eighth Schedule language.
Culinary Arts Academy Switzerland
Culinary Arts Academy Switzerland is a culinary school located in Switzerland and a sister school of César Ritz Colleges Switzerland.

For the first 2 years of their studies, Bachelor's students are based at the Le Bouveret campus on the shores of Lake Geneva. In their final year students transfer to the campus in Brig, also in the canton of Valais.

Le Bouveret campus also houses the Mosimann Collection, an extensive collection of culinary memorabilia provided by Chef Anton Mosimann, OBE.

As of 2024, the academy is ranked seventh in the world in the hospitality and leisure category by QS World University Rankings. Culinary Arts Academy Switzerland is the highest ranking culinary school in Switzerland.

American Culinary Federation
The American Culinary Federation (ACF) is a professional chef's organization established in 1929 in New York City. It was formed as a merge of three chefs' associations in New York City, the Société Culinaire Philanthropique, the Vatel Club and the Chefs de Cuisine Association of America.

ACF, now based in Jacksonville, Florida, comprises more than 14,000 members in over 170 chapters in the United States. An ACF-led initiative resulted in the upgrade of the definition of chef from domestic to professional in 1976. The ACF is a member of the World Association of Chefs Societies.
Lyonia Preserve
The Lyonia Preserve is a nature reserve located in Deltona, Florida near the local library. It is joint managed by the state, Volusia County, and the Volusia County School Board. It contains scrublands and the Florida scrub jay, both of which are damaged in the state. The preserve's goal is to maintain the scrublands and the animals on it like the gopher tortoise and the Florida scrub jay.

Gopher tortoise
The gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) is a species of tortoise in the family Testudinidae. The species is native to the southeastern United States. The gopher tortoise is seen as a keystone species because it digs burrows that provide shelter for at least 360 other animal species. G. polyphemus is threatened by predation and habitat destruction. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species lists the gopher tortoise as "vulnerable", primarily because of habitat degradation; the animals are considered threatened in some states while they are endangered in others.

The gopher tortoise is a representative of the genus Gopherus, which contains the only tortoises native to North America. The gopher tortoise is the state reptile of Georgia and the state tortoise of Florida.
Axial loading
Axial loading is defined as applying a force on a structure directly along a given axis of said structure. In the medical field, the term refers to the application of weight or force along the course of the long axis of the body. The application of an axial load on the human spine can result in vertebral compression fractures. Axial loading takes place during the practice of head-carrying, an activity which a prospective case–control study in 2020 shows leads to "accelerated degenerative changes, which involve the upper cervical spine more than the lower cervical spine and predisposes it to injury at a lower threshold."

Head-carrying
Carrying on the head is a common practice in many parts of the world as an alternative to carrying a burden on the back, shoulders and so on. People have carried burdens balanced on top of the head since ancient times, usually to do daily work, but sometimes in religious ceremonies or as a feat of skill, such as in certain dances.
Ogallo Laban
Laban Ayieko Ogallo (born 20 January 1950) was a professor of Meteorology at Nairobi University, Kenya. He was  one of the pioneers of climate science and meteorology in Africa. He was a former director of the IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Center, He was a Chairman of the Department of Meteorology,  a  founding Member of the Kenya Meteorological Society (KMS),  African Meteorological Society (AMS), a member of African Academy of Sciences and The World Academy of Sciences. He was also a member of the IPCC team that received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007

The World Academy of Sciences
The World Academy of Sciences for the advancement of science in developing countries (TWAS) is a merit-based science academy established for developing countries, uniting more than 1,400 scientists in some 100 countries. Its principal aim is to promote scientific capacity and excellence for sustainable development in developing countries. It was formerly known as the Third World Academy of Sciences, named after the "third world" group of non-aligned states. Its headquarters is located on the premises of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy.
Rod Paige
Roderick Raynor Paige Sr. (June 17, 1933 – December 9, 2025) was an American academic and politician who served as the 7th United States secretary of education from 2001 to 2005 during the George W. Bush administration. He was the first African American to serve as the secretary of education. His tenure as education secretary was noted for his involvement in the creation and passage of the No Child Left Behind Act in 2002.

Paige, who grew up in Mississippi, served as the head football coach for the Jackson State Tigers from 1964 to 1968 and Texas Southern Tigers from 1971 to 1975. He also served as a college dean for Texas Southern University and was the Superintendent of the Houston Independent School District from 1994 until 2001.

After leaving the Education Department in 2005, Paige served as interim president of Jackson State University from November 2016 to June 2017.

Texas Southern Tigers football
The Texas Southern Tigers are the college football team representing Texas Southern University, a historically black university (HBCU) in Houston. The Tigers play in the NCAA's Division I FCS as a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC), a conference whose members are all HBCUs. In 2012, the Tigers moved into the new Shell Energy Stadium in East Downtown, built for the city's Major League Soccer team, the Houston Dynamo.  It replaced Delmar Stadium as the primary home of Tiger football.
County Road 615 (Indian River County, Florida)
County Road 615 (CR 615), or 66th Avenue, is a 7.6-mile (12.2 km) major north–south county road in Indian River County, Florida. Starting at State Road 60 (SR 60) in West Vero Corridor, CR 615 heads North until eventually ending at CR 510 in Wabasso. The county road was built in 1951.

CR 615 mainly passes through rural areas in Indian River County.

Florida State Road 60
State Road 60 (SR 60) is an east–west route transversing Florida from the Gulf of Mexico to the Atlantic Ocean. The western terminus of SR 60 is at the Sunsets at Pier 60 site in Clearwater Beach. The eastern terminus is in Vero Beach near the Atlantic Coast just past State Road A1A.
Villa Le Balze
Villa Le Balze is a garden villa in Fiesole, a comune of the Metropolitan City of Florence and the region of Tuscany in central Italy. The villa was commissioned and built by Charles Augustus Strong in 1913, where he spent much of his life. It was then embroiled in the fighting of the Second World War and came into the possession of Margaret Rockefeller Strong. The villa is today owned by Georgetown University and hosts year-round study abroad students focused on interdisciplinary study of Italian culture and civilization, as well as such other subjects as politics and history.

Villa
A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house that provided an escape from urban life. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became small farming compounds, which were increasingly fortified in Late Antiquity, sometimes transferred to the Church for reuse as a monastery. They gradually re-evolved through the Middle Ages into elegant upper-class country homes. In the early modern period, any comfortable detached house with a garden near a city or town was likely to be described as a villa; most surviving villas have now been engulfed by suburbia. In modern parlance, "villa" can refer to various types and sizes of residences, ranging from the suburban semi-detached double villa to, in some countries, especially around the Mediterranean, residences of above average size in the countryside.
WKKC
WKKC (89.3 FM) is an educational non-profit radio station in Chicago, Illinois, owned by Kennedy–King College and broadcasting primarily to the city's South Side. The studio and transmitter are at the campus in the school's Englewood neighborhood. The station is used to train students in broadcasting and communications.

The station broadcasts in HD Radio with two subchannels, an urban adult contemporary format on HD1 and classic hip hop on HD2.

Englewood, Chicago
Englewood is a neighborhood and community area located on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is also the 68th of the 77 community areas in the city. At its peak population in 1960, over 97,000 people lived in its approximately 3 square miles (7.8 km2), but the neighborhood's population has since dropped dramatically. In 2000, it had a population of approximately 40,000 inhabitants, and the 2010 census indicated that its population has further declined to approximately 30,000. Englewood is bordered by Garfield Boulevard to the north, 75th Street to the south, Racine Avenue to the west, and an irregular border that bends along the Metra Railroad Tracks to the east. On the southwest side of Chicago lies West Englewood, which is generally lumped in with Englewood by Chicagoans. Englewood, a low-income African-American community, has a high rate of foreclosed properties due to the area's population drop.
Nossegem
Nossegem is a town located near Brussels, the capital of Belgium. It is part of Zaventem municipality, in the Flemish Brabant province.

In 2005, the Nossegem Curve was opened, which connects Brussels Airport with the railway in the direction of Leuven.

Municipalities of Belgium
Belgium comprises 565 municipalities (Dutch: gemeenten; French: communes; German: Gemeinden), 285 of them grouped into five provinces in Flanders and 261 others in five provinces in Wallonia, while the remaining 19 are in the Brussels Capital Region, which is not divided in provinces. In most cases, the municipalities are the smallest administrative subdivisions of Belgium, but in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, on the initiative of the local council, sub-municipal administrative entities with elected councils may be created. As such, only Antwerp, having over 500,000 inhabitants, became subdivided into ten districts (Dutch: districten).

The Belgian arrondissements (Dutch: arrondissementen; French: arrondissements; German: Bezirke), an administrative level between province (or the capital region) and municipality, or the lowest judicial level, are in English sometimes called districts as well.
Lombroso
Lombroso, Lumbroso or Lumbrozo is a surname, derived from a Sephardi family. Notable people with the surname include

Isaac Lumbroso (1680–1752), rabbi and talmudist

Cesare Lombroso (1835–1909), Italian criminologist

Jacob Lumbrozo, Portuguese traveller, first Jew to permanently settle in the American British colonies

Cesare Lombroso
Cesare Lombroso (/lɒmˈbroʊsoʊ/ lom-BROH-soh, US also /lɔːmˈ-/ lawm-; Italian: [ˈtʃeːzare lomˈbroːzo, ˈtʃɛː-, -oːso]; born Ezechia Marco Lombroso; 6 November 1835 – 19 October 1909) was an Italian eugenicist, criminologist, phrenologist, physician, and founder of the Italian school of criminology. He is considered the founder of modern criminology by changing the Western notions of individual responsibility.

Lombroso rejected the established classical school, which held that crime was a characteristic trait of human nature. Instead, using concepts drawn from physiognomy, degeneration theory, psychiatry, and Social Darwinism, Lombroso's theory of anthropological criminology essentially stated that criminality was inherited, and that someone "born criminal" could be identified by physical (congenital) defects, which confirmed a criminal as savage or atavistic.