hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Data economy
A data economy is a global digital ecosystem in which data is gathered, organized, and exchanged by a network of companies, individuals, and institutions to create economic value. The raw data is collected by a variety of factors, including search engines, social media websites, online vendors, brick and mortar vendors, payment gateways, software as a service (SaaS) purveyors, and an increasing number of firms deploying connected devices on the Internet of Things (IoT). Once collected, this data is typically passed on to individuals or firms, often for a fee. In the United States, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and other agencies have developed early models to regulate the data economy.: 531–32

Storing and securing collected data represent a significant portion of the data economy.

Digital ecosystem
A digital ecosystem is a distributed, adaptive, open socio-technical system with properties of self-organization, scalability and sustainability inspired from natural ecosystems. Digital ecosystem models are informed by knowledge of natural ecosystems, especially for aspects related to competition and collaboration among diverse entities. The term is used in the computer industry, the entertainment industry, and the World Economic Forum. Modern theory of open and digital ecosystems represent dynamic, interconnected networks in which diverse participants, ranging from companies and institutions to startups and end-users, collaborate through digital platforms to co-create value across traditional organizational and industry boundaries.
Ballyscullion House
Ballyscullion House refers to two country houses built for the Hervey family near Bellaghy in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland, close to Lough Beg at north-west corner of Lough Neagh.

The first Ballyscullion House, sometimes called "Bishop's Folly", was a large house intended for Frederick Hervey, 4th Earl of Bristol and Bishop of Derry.  Construction began in 1787 but it was not completed when he died in Italy in 1803.  His heir decided to live at his other Irish house, Downhill House, also in County Londonderry, and the partially built Ballyscullion House was demolished by 1825.

A second and much smaller Ballyscullion House was built in 1840 for Admiral Sir Henry William Bruce, and is now owned by the Mulholland family.  A military camp was built on the estate in the Second World War by the 202nd Engineering Combat Battalion and occupied by the US 82nd Airborne Division before D-Day.

Bellaghy
Bellaghy (from Irish Baile Eachaidh, meaning 'Eachaidh's townland') is a village in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It lies north west of Lough Neagh and about 5 miles north east of Magherafelt. In the centre of the village (known locally as The Diamond) three main roads lead to Magherafelt, Portglenone and Toome. It had a population of 1,063 people in the 2001 Census and is within Mid-Ulster District.

Bellaghy is home to various historical landmarks, including a well-preserved 17th century fortified house, Bellaghy Bawn, which is now a museum. A Grade B+ thatched cottage is present in the Bellaghy outskirts. The village is also known as the birthplace, childhood home and resting place of poet Seamus Heaney (1939–2013), who won the Nobel Prize for Literature. There is an arts centre in the village dedicated to Heaney.
Ilimane Diop
Ilimane Diop Gaye (born 4 April 1995) is a professional basketball player for Básquet Coruña of the Primera FEB. Although he was born in Senegal, Diop officially represents Spain when being on international duty since he was a baby when his family settled in Spain. Previously, he has led their junior teams to multiple bronze medals.

Primera FEB
The Primera FEB, formerly known as LEB or LEB Oro, is the second basketball division of the Spanish basketball league system after the Liga ACB. It is run by the FEB. The FEB leagues are divided into three categories (the other two are the Segunda FEB and the Tercera FEB). The league was founded in 1996 and is played under FIBA rules.

The league is contested by 18 clubs. Each season, the top-finishing team in the Primera FEB are automatically promoted to the Liga ACB. The teams that finish the season in 2nd to 9th place enter a playoff tournament, with the winner also gaining promotion to the Liga ACB. The three lowest-finishing teams in the Primera FEB are relegated to Segunda FEB.

A total of 81 teams have competed in Primera FEB since its inception in 1996. 19 teams have been crowned champions and 30 teams have gained promotion to Liga ACB, of which only four teams could not play in Liga ACB. Club Melilla Baloncesto is the only team that played all seasons of the league.
Nationalmuseum robbery
The Nationalmuseum robbery was the robbery of three paintings worth a combined total of $30–45 million USD from the Nationalmuseum in Stockholm, Sweden, on 22 December 2000. The stolen paintings were a self-portrait by Rembrandt and two Renoir paintings, Conversation and Young Parisian. The paintings have been recovered.

Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Pierre-Auguste Renoir (/rɛnˈwɑːr/; French: [pjɛʁ oɡyst ʁənwaʁ]; 25 February 1841 – 3 December 1919) was a French artist who was a leading painter in the development of the Impressionist style. It has been said that, as a celebrator of beauty and especially feminine sensuality, "Renoir is the final representative of a tradition which runs directly from Rubens to Watteau."

He was the father of the actor Pierre Renoir (1885–1952), the filmmaker Jean Renoir (1894–1979) and the ceramic artist Claude Renoir (1901–1969). He was the grandfather of the filmmaker Claude Renoir (1913–1993), son of Pierre.
Österreichische Militärische Zeitschrift
The Österreichische Militärische Zeitschrift (Austrian Military Journal, ISSN 0048-1440) is a bimonthly academic journal for defence matters, covering reports and analyses in the fields of security policy and military science. The journal was established in 1808 by Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen. Moritz Gomez de Parientos (1744–1810) was the first editor-in-chief. The content is written in German. Some abstracts are available in French and English.

Security policy
Security policy is a definition of what it means to be secure for a system, organization or other entity.  For an organization, it addresses the constraints on behavior of its members as well as constraints imposed on adversaries by mechanisms such as doors, locks, keys, and walls.  For systems, the security policy addresses constraints on functions and flow among them, constraints on access by external systems and adversaries including programs and access to data by people.
1862 Massachusetts legislature
The 83rd Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1862 during the governorship of John Albion Andrew. John Henry Clifford served as president of the Senate and Alexander Hamilton Bullock served as speaker of the House.

President of the Massachusetts Senate
The president of the Massachusetts Senate is the presiding officer.  Unlike the United States Congress, in which the vice president of the United States is the ex officio president of the United States Senate, in Massachusetts, the president of the Senate is elected from and by the senators. The president, therefore, typically comes from the majority party, and the president is then the de facto leader of that party.

The current president of the Massachusetts Senate, since July 26, 2018, is Karen Spilka, a Democrat from Ashland. Democrats have had a majority in the Senate since 1959. Notable former presidents of the Massachusetts Senate include U.S. president Calvin Coolidge.
1881 New York state election
The 1881 New York state election was held on November 8, 1881, to elect the Secretary of State, the State Comptroller, the Attorney General, the State Treasurer, the State Engineer and a judge of the New York Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate.

New York State Engineer and Surveyor
The New York State Engineer and Surveyor was a state cabinet officer in the State of New York between 1848 and 1926. During the re-organization of the state government under Governor Al Smith, the office was abolished and its responsibilities transferred to the New York State Department of Public Works, which in turn was absorbed by the New York State Department of Transportation in 1967.
Smoke (American band)
Smoke was a band from the Cabbagetown neighborhood of Atlanta, Georgia that dissolved in 1999 with the death of writer/singer Benjamin. Benjamin was the subject of Peter Sillen and Jem Cohen's documentary Benjamin Smoke (2000).

Cabbagetown, Atlanta
Cabbagetown (/kʌˈbɑːdʒtʌn/) is an intown neighborhood on the east side of Atlanta, Georgia, United States, abutting historic Oakland Cemetery.  It includes the Cabbagetown District, a historic district listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.
Children in Need 2012
Children in Need 2012 was a campaign held in the United Kingdom to raise money for the charity Children in Need. 2012 marks the 32nd anniversary of the appeal which culminated in a live broadcast on BBC One and BBC Two on the evening of Friday 16 November until the early hours of Saturday 17 November.

The broadcast was hosted by Terry Wogan, with Tess Daly, Fearne Cotton and Nick Grimshaw as co-hosts. The show was broadcast from BBC Television Centre in London but also includes regular regional opt-outs presented from various locations around the UK. The 2012 appeal also marked the last Children in Need broadcast from BBC Television Centre as the BBC then sold and moved out of the building.

Chris Moyles
Christopher David Moyles (born 22 February 1974) is an English radio and television presenter, author and presenter of The Chris Moyles Show on Radio X.

Previously he presented The Chris Moyles Show on BBC Radio 1 from 2004 to 2012 and Chris Moyles' Quiz Night from 2009 to 2012 on Channel 4.
Moyles worked at various radio stations, including Radio Luxembourg (under the pseudonym Chris Holmes) and Capital FM. Moyles moved to BBC Radio 1 in July 1997 and left the station in September 2012. He has presented the early breakfast show, a Saturday morning show, and the drive time show (from September 1998 to December 2003), before presenting the breakfast show from 5 January 2004 to 14 September 2012. Moyles is BBC Radio 1's longest-serving breakfast presenter. Moyles became famous for his maverick bad-boy broadcasting style on BBC Radio 1 and was embroiled in numerous controversies, including accusations of sexism and homophobia, due to statements he made on the air and in the press.
Mils, Tyrol
Mils is a municipality in the district Innsbruck-Land of Tyrol, Austria. It is located 12 km east of Innsbruck. The area is restricted by the Weißenbach in the west and the Inn in the south. The location was mentioned in documents in 930 for the first time. In the last 40 years Mils grew enormously thanks to its sunny location.

Inn (river)
The Inn (German pronunciation: [ɪn] ⓘ; Latin: Aenus; Romansh: En) is a river in Switzerland, Austria and Germany. The 518 km (322 mi) long river is a right tributary of the Danube, being the third largest tributary of the Danube by discharge. The highest point of its drainage basin is the summit of Piz Bernina at 4,049 m (13,284 ft). The Engadine, the valley of the En, is the only Swiss valley whose waters end up in the Black Sea (via the Danube).
William Lyon Mackenzie Collegiate Institute
William Lyon Mackenzie Collegiate Institute is a semestered high school located in Toronto, Canada. The school was opened in 1960 by the North York Board of Education. It is located near Sheppard Avenue West and Allen Road, close to Sheppard West subway station.

Academic term
An academic term (or simply term) is a portion of an academic year during which an educational institution holds classes. The schedules adopted vary widely. Common terms such as semester, trimester, and quarter are used to denote terms of specific durations. In most countries, the academic year begins in late summer or early autumn and ends during the following spring or summer.
18th FAI World Precision Flying Championship
18th FAI World Precision Flying Championship took place between July 13 - July 19, 2008 in Ried im Innkreis in Austria, altogether with the 16th FAI World Rally Flying Championship (July 20-26).

There were 62 competitors from 13 countries: Czech Republic (10), Poland (9), Austria (9), France (6), United Kingdom (6), Russia (4), South Africa (4), New Zealand (3), Germany (3), Switzerland (3), Denmark (2), Sweden (2), Slovenia (1).

Most numerous airplane was Cessna 152 (31 pilots), then Cessna 150 (16) and Cessna 172 (6). There were also two Glastars and Zlin Z-43's, single Zlin Z-42, 3Xtrim, Piper PA-18, HB-23 and Van's RV-7A (the numbers of aircraft participating was lower, for some pilots flew the same aircraft).

Cessna 152
The Cessna 152 is an American two-seat, fixed-tricycle-gear, general aviation airplane, used primarily for flight training and personal use. It was based on the earlier Cessna 150 incorporating a number of minor design changes and a slightly more powerful engine with a longer time between overhaul.

The Cessna 152 has been out of production for forty years, but many are still airworthy and are in regular use for flight training.
Heartbeats (TV series)
Heartbeats: Pyaar aur Armaan (transl. Heartbeats: Love and Desires) is an Indian Hindi-language medical drama series which premiered on 29 November 2024 on MX Player. It focuses on the personal and professional lives of surgical interns. The series is written by Alka Shukla and directed by Vikram Rai. The star cast includes Harsh Beniwal and Shivangi Joshi in lead roles.

Medical drama
A medical drama is a television movie or film in which events center upon a hospital, clinic, doctor's office, a paramedic, or any other medical topic or environment. Most recent medical dramatic programming goes beyond the events pertaining to the characters' jobs and portray some aspects of their personal lives. The longest running prime-time medical drama in the world is the British series Casualty, airing since 1986, and the longest running medical soap opera is General Hospital, running since 1963.
100 Women (film)
100 Women (also known as Girl Fever) is a 2002 American romantic comedy film written and directed by Michael Davis and starring Chad Donella, Erinn Bartlett, Jennifer Morrison, Clint Howard, and Steve Monroe. It tells the story of a young man named Sam and his struggle to discover why the girl of his dreams is suddenly depressed after her cheeriness brought him out of his sadness. The film was originally released under the title Girl Fever and had a short run in cinemas before being renamed 100 Women and being released to DVD.  In 2000, Davis directed a film called 100 Girls with a very similar theme.

Michael Davis (director)
Michael Davis (born August 1, 1961) is an American film director and screenwriter born in Rockville, Maryland.

His films include the campy horror film Monster Man and action film Shoot 'Em Up starring Clive Owen, Paul Giamatti, and Monica Bellucci.
Chandra Lal Meche
Chandra Lal Meche (Nepali: चन्द्रलाल मेचे) is a Nepalese politician from Jhapa District, belonging to the Communist Party of Nepal.

After the 2008 Constituent Assembly election Meche was not included amongst those elected through the proportional representation vote, something that caused local Maoist activists in Charali to vandalise their party office in protest. Meche was however later nominated to the Constituent Assembly.

Meche is a close friend of Anirban Roy, writer of the best-selling book---Prachanda: The Unknown Revolutionary.

2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Nepal on 10 April 2008, having been postponed from earlier dates of 7 June 2007 and 22 November 2007. The Constituent Assembly was planned to draft a new constitution and therefore decide, amongst other things, on the issue of federalism. The number of eligible voters was around 17.5 million. The Constituent Assembly was originally set to have a term of two years.

The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (CPN (M)), placed first in the election with 220 out of 575 elected seats, and became the largest party in the Constituent Assembly. It was followed by the Nepali Congress with 110 seats and the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) with 103 seats. After months of power-sharing discussions and deliberations, CPN (M) Chairman Prachanda was elected as Prime Minister in August 2008. Due to its failure in drafting a new constitution, the CA was dissolved on 28 May 2012 after its original and extended total tenure of 4 years.
Mount Tambora
Mount Tambora, or Tomboro, is an active stratovolcano in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Located on Sumbawa in the Lesser Sunda Islands, volcanism is the result of subduction zones. The 1815 eruption was the largest in recorded history, erupting up to 150 cubic kilometers of volcanic material, making it a VEI-7 on the Volcanic explosivity index. This caused the summer of 1816 to become known as the "Year Without a Summer" due to global cooling from the eruption.

Orange-footed scrubfowl
The orange-footed scrubfowl (Megapodius reinwardt), also known as orange-footed megapode or just scrubfowl, is a small megapode of the family Megapodiidae native to many islands in the Lesser Sunda Islands as well as southern New Guinea and northern Australia.
Alberta Rules of Court
The Alberta Rules of Court are a regulation enacted pursuant to the Alberta Judicature Act, and form the civil practice and procedural rules governing court proceedings in the Canadian province of Alberta, specifically in the Court of King's Bench of Alberta and Alberta Court of Appeal.

The current Rules are identified as Alta. Reg. 124/2010, and came into force in November, 2010.

The Alberta Law Reform Institute (ALRI), the province's law commission, was given a mandate in 2001 to review the Rules of Court and produce recommendations for a new set of Rules. The project goal was to create rules that are clear, useful and effective tools for accessing a fair, timely and cost efficient civil justice system. Alta. Reg. 256/2010.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
Dudweiler
Dudweiler is a borough of Saarbrücken, on the Sulzbach creek. In 977, Dudweiler was first mentioned in official documents of German Emperor Otto II as the location of a chapel (Duodonisvillare).

Dudweiler received town privileges on 12 September 1962.
In 1974 it was incorporated into the city of Saarbrücken.

Since then, Dudweiler has also been the name of one of the four city districts (Stadtbezirke) of Saarbrücken.
The district of Dudweiler comprises four city boroughs (Stadtteile):
Dudweiler, Herrensohr, Jägersfreude (both were boroughs of Dudweiler before 1974), and Scheidt (a municipality in the amt of Brebach before 1974).

The coal mining industry played an important role for the growth of Dudweiler until 1968 when the last mine was closed.
Today Dudweiler is characterised by its proximity to the Saarland University campus.

Saarland University
Saarland University (German: Universität des Saarlandes, pronounced [univɛʁziˈtɛːt dɛs ˈzaːɐ̯landəs]) is a public research university located in Saarbrücken, the capital of the German state of Saarland. It was founded in 1948 in Homburg in co-operation with France and is organized in six faculties that cover all major fields of science.  In 2007, the university was recognized as an excellence center for computer science in Germany.

Thanks to bilingual German and French staff, the university has an international profile, which has been underlined by its proclamation as "European University" in 1950 and by establishment of Europa-Institut as its "crown and symbol" in 1951.

Ten academics have been honored with the highest German research prize, the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize, while working at Saarland University.
Sant'Eufemia d'Aspromonte
Sant'Eufemia d'Aspromonte is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Reggio Calabria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,061 and an area of 32.9 square kilometres (12.7 sq mi).

Province of Reggio Calabria
The province of Reggio Calabria (Italian: provincia di Reggio Calabria) was a province in the Calabria region of Italy. It was the southernmost province in mainland Italy and is separated from the island of Sicily by the Strait of Messina. The capital was the city of Reggio.

It was effectively replaced by the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria in 2017.
2025 Jewish Autonomous Oblast gubernatorial election
The 2025 Jewish Autonomous Oblast gubernatorial election took place on 12–14 September 2025, on common election day. Acting Governor of Jewish Autonomous Oblast Maria Kostyuk was elected for a full term in office.

Jewish Autonomous Oblast
The Jewish Autonomous Oblast (JAO) is a federal subject of Russia in the far east of the country, bordering Khabarovsk Krai and Amur Oblast in Russia and Heilongjiang province in China. Its administrative center is the town of Birobidzhan.

The JAO was designated by a Soviet official decree in 1928, and officially established in 1934. At its height, in the late 1940s, the Jewish population in the region peaked around 46,000–50,000, approximately 25% of its population. Since then, the share of Jews steadily declined, and according to the 2021 Russian census, there were only 837 ethnic Jews left in the JAO (0.6%).

Article 65 of the Constitution of Russia provides that the JAO is Russia's only autonomous oblast. It is one of two officially Jewish jurisdictions in the world, the other being Israel. It is one of the few places in the world where Yiddish is a recognized minority language.
Knighton Spinney
Knighton Spinney is a  2.9-hectare (7.2-acre) Local Nature Reserve in Leicester. It is owned by Leicester City Council and managed by Environ for the council.

This oak and ash plantation is part of Knighton Park. Flora include wood anemones, and there are birds such as nuthatches, treecreepers and great spotted woodpeckers.

The site is closed to the public apart from on occasional open days.

Fraxinus
Fraxinus (/ˈfræksɪnəs/), commonly called ash, is a genus of plants in the olive and lilac family, Oleaceae, and comprises 45–65 species of usually medium-to-large trees, most of which are deciduous (dropping their leaves in autumn), although some subtropical species are evergreen. The genus is widespread throughout much of Europe, Asia, and North America.

The leaves are usually opposite, and mostly pinnately compound (divided into leaflets in a feather-like arrangement). The seeds, known as "keys", are botanically fruits of the type called samara. Some species are dioecious, having male and female flowers on separate plants.

Ash wood is strong and elastic, and used for the handles of tools. Musical instrument makers use it for electric guitars and for drum shells. The Morgan Motor Company makes the frames of sports cars from ash wood. In Greek mythology, the Meliae were the nymphs of ash trees.