hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Douglas Allday
Douglas Charles Allday (24 January 1895 – 2 February 1945) was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer.

Born at Knowle in Warwickshire in January 1895, Allday was educated at Malvern College. The First World War began shortly after he finished his education at Malvern, with Allday being commissioned into the British Army as a temporary second lieutenant in September 1914. Serving in the war with the Royal Army Service Corps, he was promoted to the temporary rank of lieutenant in March 1915. He ended the war as a temporary captain, a rank he retained in full upon the completion of his service in August 1919. After the war he went to British India, where he played in two first-class cricket matches for the Europeans cricket team against the Indians in the Madras Presidency Matches of 1920 and 1924. He scored 13 runs across his two matches, with a highest score of 10. Allday died in England at Wolverhampton in February 1945.

Royal Army Service Corps
The Royal Army Service Corps (RASC) was a corps of the British Army responsible for land, coastal and lake transport, air despatch, barracks administration, the Army Fire Service, staffing headquarters' units, supply of food, water, fuel and domestic materials such as clothing, furniture and stationery and the supply of technical and military equipment. In 1965 its functions were divided between other Corps (RCT and RAOC) and the RASC ceased to exist; subsequently, in 1993, they in their turn (with some functions of the Royal Engineers) became the "Forming Corps" of the Royal Logistic Corps.
Umar Abdullahi Kamba
Umar Abdullahi Kamba (born 1968) is a Nigerian politician from Kebbi State. He served as a member representing Arewa Dandi Federal Constituency in the 9th National assembly. He succeeded Husseni Suleiman and was elected into the House of Assembly at the 2019 elections under the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP).

National Assembly (Nigeria)
The National Assembly of the Federal Republic of Nigeria is a bicameral legislature established under section 4 of the Constitution of Nigeria The body consists of 109 members of the Senate and 360 members from the House of Representatives; There are three senators from each of the States of Nigeria and one senator representing the Federal Capital Territory and single-member district, plurality voting in the House of Representatives.
Format war
A format war is a competition between similar but mutually incompatible technical standards that compete for the same market, such as for data storage devices and recording formats for electronic media. It is often characterized by political and financial influence on content publishers by the developers of the technologies. Developing companies may be characterized as engaging in a format war if they actively oppose or avoid interoperable open-industry technical standards in favor of their own.

A format war emergence can be explained because each vendor is trying to exploit cross-side network effects in a two-sided market. There is also a social force to stop a format war: when one of them wins as de facto standard, it solves a coordination problem for the format users.

Interoperability
Interoperability is a characteristic of a product or system to work with other products or systems. While the term was initially defined for information technology or systems engineering services to allow for information exchange, a broader definition takes into account social, political, and organizational factors that impact system-to-system performance.

Types of interoperability include syntactic interoperability, where two systems can communicate with each other, and cross-domain interoperability, where multiple organizations work together and exchange information.
John Welsh (biologist)
John Henry Welsh (August 25, 1901 – November 26, 2002) was an American physiologist who pioneered early work on serotonin as a neurotransmitter in invertebrates. He also studied circadian rhythms, neurosecretion, and neuropharmacology.

Welsh was born August 25, 1901, in Boothbay, Maine. He graduated from Berea College in Kentucky in 1922, followed by a M.A. (1922) and Ph.D. (1928) at Harvard University. Welsh was on the staff of Harvard from 1927 until his retirement in 1970. He was Chairman of the Biology Department from 1947 to 1950, and served important roles at the Bermuda Biological Station for Research during his career. He taught summer courses in invertebrate physiology at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole for nearly 40 years. He was also important in the locating of the Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences in Boothbay, Maine.

Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, founded in 1974, is an independent, non-profit oceanography research institute. The Laboratory's research ranges from microbial oceanography to the large-scale biogeochemical processes that drive ocean ecosystems and health of the entire planet.

The institute's LEED Platinum laboratory is located on its research and education campus in East Boothbay, Maine. Bigelow Laboratory supports the work of over 100 scientists and staff. The majority of the institute's funding comes from federal and state grants and contracts, philanthropic support, and licenses and contracts with the private sector.
Amentotaxus hatuyenensis
Amentotaxus hatuyenensis is a species of conifer in the yew family, Taxaceae. It is endemic to Vietnam.

This is an endangered species with a total population of fewer than 250 mature individuals limited to Hà Giang Province in northern Vietnam. They grow in various types of forest on karst formations. They may be found alongside conifers such as Pinus fenzeliana, Tsuga chinensis, Cephalotaxus mannii, Podocarpus neriifolius, Nageia fleuryi, and Podocarpus pilgeri. There are also many epiphytes such as orchids in the habitat.

Nageia fleuryi
Nageia fleuryi is a species of conifer in the family Podocarpaceae.
It is a tree up to 30 metres (98 ft) tall, with pyramidal crown, found in Cambodia, China (Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces), Laos, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Its wood is highly valued and used for musical instruments, chop sticks, fine crafts and household tools.
Naval Tactical Data System
Naval Tactical Data System (NTDS) was a computerized information processing system developed by the United States Navy in the 1950s and first deployed in the early 1960s for use in combat ships. It took reports from multiple sensors on different ships and aircraft and collated it to produce a single unified map of the battlespace. This information could then be relayed back to the ships and to the weapons operators.

Surface warfare
Surface warfare is naval warfare involving surface ships. It is one of the four operational areas of naval warfare, the others being underwater warfare, aerial warfare, and information warfare. Surface warfare is the oldest and most basic form of naval warfare, though modern surface warfare doctrine originated in the mid-20th century.
Hadlock
Hadlock can refer to

Hadlock, Virginia, an unincorporated community

Hadlock Pond, a man-made reservoir in the state of New York

Hadlock Field, a minor league baseball field in Portland, Maine

Charles Robert Hadlock (born 1947), American applied mathematician

Ryan Hadlock (born 1978), an American record producer

Charles Robert Hadlock
Charles Robert Hadlock (born April 19, 1947, in Brooklyn, New York City) is an American applied mathematician, professor emeritus of mathematical sciences, and consultant in risk analysis. In 1985 he was awarded the inaugural Beckenbach Book Prize for his 1975 book Field theory and its classical problems. In July 2019 he was a George Póya Lecturer.
USS Jason (AR-8)
USS Jason (AR-8) was the fourth of the Vulcan class repair ship of the United States Navy in service from 1944 to 1995, serving in World War II, Korea, Vietnam, and the Gulf War. At the time of her decommissioning, Jason was (with the exception of USS Constitution) the oldest ship in continual commission in the United States Navy, and the final ship in continual commission from World War II onward.

Subic Bay
Subic Bay is a bay on the west coast of the island of Luzon in the Philippines, about 100 kilometers (62 mi) northwest of Manila Bay. An extension of the South China Sea, its shores were formerly the site of a major United States Navy facility, U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay, now an industrial and commercial area known as the Subic Bay Freeport Zone under the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority.

Today, water as well as the towns and establishments surrounding the bay are collectively known as Subic Bay. This includes the former naval base, Hanjin shipyard, Olongapo city, the municipal town of Subic, and the erstwhile US defense housing areas of Binictican and Kalayan housing, up to Morong, Bataan.

The bay was long recognized for its deep and protected waters, but development was slow due to lack of level terrain around the bay.
Hayrapet Hayrapetyan
Hayrapet Sardari Hayrapetyan (December 1, 1874, Tanakert, Ordubad District, Nakhichevan – March 7, 1962, Yerevan) was an Armenian poet, children's writer, translator, Honored Teacher of the USSR (1950), member of the Union of Soviet Writers (1934).

Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
The Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, abbreviated as the Nakhichevan ASSR was an autonomous republic within the Azerbaijan SSR, itself a republic within the Soviet Union. It was formed on 16 March 1921 and became a part of the Azerbaijan SSR proper on 9 February 1924.

The first flag of the Nakhichevan ASSR was introduced in 1937 and contained both Azerbaijani and Armenian text. In the 1940s, when the Azerbaijani Latin alphabet was being replaced by Cyrillic, the previous flag was replaced by a Soviet flag with the Azerbaijani Cyrillic text "Нахчыван МССР" in gold and a dark blue bar along the fess.

In 1990, it became the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic within the Republic of Azerbaijan.
Don Kramer (politician)
Don Kramer (born December 12, 1940) was an American businessman and politician.

From Brooklyn Center, Minnesota, Kramer received a bachelor's degree from Saint John's University and a master's degree from University of North Dakota. He was a small business owner. In December 1994, he was elected to the Minnesota Senate in a special election and served there in 1996 and 1996. He was a Republican.

University of North Dakota
The University of North Dakota (UND) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States. It was established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota.

The university has the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota. The John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences was the first in the country to offer a degree in unmanned aircraft systems operation. Several national research institutions are on the university's campus including the Energy and Environmental Research Center, the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral universities – very high research activity".
Bloody Daddy
Bloody Daddy is a 2023 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film directed by Ali Abbas Zafar, who co-wrote the film with Aditya Basu and Siddharth–Garima, and produced by Jio Studios. It features Shahid Kapoor, Sanjay Kapoor, Diana Penty, Ronit Roy, Rajeev Khandelwal, Ankur Bhatia and Vivan Bhatena. It is a remake of the 2011 French film Sleepless Night.

Bloody Daddy was released on 9 June 2023 in JioCinema and received mixed-to-positive reviews from critics. At the 2023 Filmfare OTT Awards, Bloody Daddy received 7 nominations, including Best Actor in a Web Original Film (Kapoor).

Ankur Bhatia
Ankur Bhatia (born 24 May 1980) is an Indian actor and model. He grew up in Bhopal, India. He made his acting debut in 2010 in Payal Sethi's Grant St. Shaving Co which was produced by Mira Nair. In 2012, he won the Best Actor Commendation Award at the NYU Tisch School of the Arts Film Festival for Coconut Grove. In 2013, Ankur played a negative role in a Bollywood/Tollywood film Zanjeer (2013 film)/Toofan, remake of Zanjeer. He appeared in  Apoorva Lakhia's Haseena, starring Shraddha Kapoor, which was released in the theatres on 18 August 2017. In 2020, he played a pivotal role in Disney+ Hotstar show Aarya (Indian TV series), starring Sushmita Sen and directed by Ram Madhvani.
Budanovsky
Budanovsky (Russian: Будановский) is a rural locality (khutor) in Starobelitsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Konyshyovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  17 (2010 census); 37 (2002 census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Intaly (Karaganda Region)
Intaly (Kazakh: Ынталы) is a village in the Karkaraly District of the Karaganda Region of Kazakhstan. It is the administrative center and the only populated area of the Intaly Rural District. CATO code is 354889100.

Karaganda Region
Karaganda Region is a region of Kazakhstan. Its capital is Karaganda. The region borders Akmola and Pavlodar Region to the north; Abai Region to the east; Jetisu, Almaty, and Zhambyl Regions to the south; and Kostanay and Ulytau regions to the west.

In 2022, the western parts of this region was split off and became the Ulytau Region.
Alejandro Zúñiga
Alejandro Sebastián Zúñiga Villarreal (born 12 May 1988, in Santiago) is a Chilean judoka. At the 2012 Summer Olympics he competed in the Men's 66 kg, but was defeated in the second round by the eventual gold medallist, Lasha Shavdatuashvili from Georgia. His parents are also judokas.

Judo at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 66 kg
Men's 66 kg competition in judo at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom, took place at ExCeL London.

The gold and silver medals were determined by a single-elimination tournament, with the winner of the final taking gold and the loser receiving silver.  Judo events awarded two bronze medals.  Quarterfinal losers competed in a repechage match for the right to face a semifinal loser for a bronze medal (that is, the judokas defeated in quarterfinals A and B competed against each other, with the winner of that match facing the semifinal loser from the other half of the bracket).
Child process
A child process (CP) in computing is a process created by another process (the parent process). This technique pertains to multitasking operating systems, and is sometimes called a subprocess or traditionally a subtask.

There are two major procedures for creating a child process: the fork system call (preferred in Unix-like systems and the POSIX standard) and the spawn (preferred in the modern (NT) kernel of Microsoft Windows, as well as in some historical operating systems).

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
Fundamental Statute of the Kingdom of Albania (1939)
The Fundamental Statute of the Kingdom of Albania was the constitution used in the Albanian Kingdom. It was introduced by King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy after the Italian invasion of Albania. It replaced the previous constitution of the same name. It was signed by Victor Emmanuel III on 3 June 1939 and then presented to Shefqet Vërlaci in Rome, and went into effect the following day.

The 1939 constitution proclaimed Victor Emmanuel III the King of Albania and made Albania a constitutional monarchy. It also created a "Supreme Fascist Corporation Council" to serve as the legislature of Albania, structured after Italy's Chamber of Fasces and Corporations.

The 1939 constitution was replaced on 15 March 1946, after Enver Hoxha promulgated a constitution for the newly formed People's Republic of Albania.

Shefqet Vërlaci
Shefqet Bey Vërlaci (Albanian pronunciation: [ʃɛfcɛt vəɾlat͡si]; 15 December 1877 – 21 July 1946), also known as Shevket Verlaci, was an Albanian politician and wealthy landowner who served as the 12th Prime Minister of Albania. During his career, he held political and administrative positions and was listed as a Senator in the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy, where he was recorded as residing in Tirana and described by profession as possidente (landowner). He was the father of Behie, Fazilet, Ismail and Mehtab.
Journal of Chemical Sciences
The Journal of Chemical Sciences is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original research articles, rapid communications, reviews and perspective articles, covering many areas of Chemical Sciences. It also publishes special issues on frontier areas of the subject. It is published by the Indian Academy of Sciences and co-published by Springer. The editor-in-chief is S. Natarajan (Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru).

Springer Nature
Springer Nature is a German-British academic publishing company created by the May 2015 merger of Springer Science+Business Media and Holtzbrinck Publishing Group's Nature Publishing Group, Palgrave Macmillan, and Macmillan Education.
Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast
Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast is an 1870 oil landscape painting by the Hudson River School artist Albert Bierstadt. At the time of the work's completion, Bierstadt had not yet traveled to what was then Washington Territory. The work, commissioned by China trade merchant Abiel Abbot Low, was painted solely by written description of the Sound.

Washington Territory
The Washington Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1853, until November 11, 1889, when the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Washington. It was created from the portion of the Oregon Territory north of the lower Columbia River and north of the 46th parallel east of the Columbia. At its largest extent, it also included the entirety of modern Idaho and parts of Montana and Wyoming, before attaining its final boundaries in 1863.

The territory was named after George Washington, a Founding Father and first president of the United States.
Miguel Angel Escotet
Miguel Angel Escotet is a social scientist, education administrator and author, emeritus professor at the University of Texas at Brownsville, of which he was dean of the College of Education. He was also secretary general of Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos and professor at Florida International University. He is since 2014 director general of corporate social responsibility of Abanca. He is also president of Fundación Galicia Obra Social, Afundación, and president of IESIDE, Afundacion's business school.

Academic administration
Academic administration is a branch of university or college employees responsible for the maintenance and supervision of the institution and separate from the faculty or academics, although some personnel may have joint responsibilities. Some type of separate administrative structure exists at almost all academic institutions. Fewer institutions are governed by employees who are also involved in academic or scholarly work. Many senior administrators are academics who have advanced degrees and no longer teach or conduct research.
Tigres de Ciego de Ávila
Tigres de Ciego de Avila (English: Ciego de Avila Tigers) is a baseball team in the Cuban National Series.

However, in recent seasons, the team has turned their fortunes around, making it to the 2011 Series Nacional final (losing to Pinar del Rio in six games).  The following season, the Tigres bounded back to the finals again, this time winning their first ever Series Nacional over perennial favourites Industriales in six games. The Tigres have continued their run of form since, winning back-to-back championships in 2015 and 2016.

Ciego de Ávila placed two players, Roger Machado and Maikel Folch, on the Cuba national team for the 2006 World Baseball Classic.

In the 2013 World Baseball Classic, the Tigres had Vladimir Garcia, Yander Guevara and Rusney Castillo all playing on the Cuba National Team.

Cuban National Series
The Cuban National Series (Spanish: Serie Nacional de Béisbol, or SNB) is a domestic baseball competition in Cuba. Formed after the dissolution of the Cuban League in the wake of the Cuban Revolution, the National Series is a part of the Cuban baseball league system.

For most of its existence, the National Series has existed as the top-level winter league in Cuba. From 2022 to 2024, it operated as a summer league, with the top six National Series teams qualifying for the Cuban Elite League (LEB). Starting with the 2025–26 season, SNB will return to a winter league schedule, while still qualifying teams to the LEB.
Archdiocese of Lusaka
The Archdiocese of Lusaka (Archidioecesis Lusakensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Zambia, where it is also considered its national primatial see.

Its cathedral episcopal see is Cathedral of the Child Jesus, in the national capital Lusaka.

Primate (bishop)
Primate (/ˈpraɪmət/; Latin: Primas) is a title or rank bestowed on some important archbishops in certain Christian churches. Depending on the particular tradition, it can denote either jurisdictional authority (title of authority) or (usually) ceremonial precedence (title of honour).
Five Feet Apart (soundtrack)
Five Feet Apart (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the film score for the 2019 film Five Feet Apart directed by Justin Baldoni, starring Cole Sprouse and Haley Lu Richardson. The film score is composed by Brian Tyler and Breton Vivian and released through Lakeshore Records on March 15, 2019.

Haley Lu Richardson
Haley Lu Richardson (born March 7, 1995) is an American actress. Following early television roles on the Disney Channel sitcom Shake It Up (2013) and the ABC Family supernatural drama Ravenswood (2013–14), she acted in the coming-of-age film The Edge of Seventeen (2016) and the psychological horror film Split (2016).

Richardson had her breakout role in the independent drama Columbus (2017), for which she received a Gotham Independent Film Award for Best Actress nomination. She continued to appear in critically acclaimed independent films such as Support the Girls (2018), Unpregnant (2020), and After Yang (2022). She also starred in the second season of the HBO anthology series The White Lotus (2022) and in the romantic comedy film Love at First Sight (2023).