hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Institute of Cultural Heritage (Albania)
The National Institute of Cultural Heritage (Albanian: Instituti Kombëtar i Trashëgimisë Kulturore, IKTK) is a government entity of Albania which focuses in protecting, preserving, restoring and revitalizing materials of cultural heritage.

National heritage site
A national heritage site is a heritage site having a value that has been registered by a governmental agency as being of national importance to the cultural heritage or history of that country. Usually such sites are listed in a heritage register that is open to the public, and many are advertised by national visitor bureaus as tourist attractions.

Usually such a heritage register list is split by type of feature (natural wonder, ruin, engineering marvel, etc.). In many cases a country may maintain more than one register; there are also registers for entities that span more than one country.
Against Apion
Against Apion (Greek: περὶ ἀρχαιότητος Ἰουδαίων λόγος Peri Archaiotētos Ioudaiōn Logos; Latin Contra Apionem or In Apionem) is a work written by Flavius Josephus (c. 37 CE – c. 100 CE ) as a defense of Judaism against criticism by the Egyptian author Apion. Josephus was a Roman–Jewish historian, defector, and courtier to the emperors of the Flavian dynasty; Apion was a Hellenized Egyptian grammarian and sophist. The work is dated to after 94 CE.

Hellenization
Hellenization or Hellenification is the adoption of Greek culture, religion, language, and identity by non-Greeks. In the ancient period, colonization often led to the Hellenization of indigenous people. In the Hellenistic period, many of the territories which were conquered by Alexander the Great were Hellenized.
Sangachal caravanserai
The Sangachal caravanserai (Azerbaijani: Sanqaçal karvansarası) is a medieval caravanserai located near the Sangachal village in the Garadagh district of Baku, Azerbaijan, 45 km far from Baku, on the old caravan route Baku - Salyan. Since the 19th century, the indicated caravan route has lost its commercial significance and in this regard, the caravanserai has ceased to be used.

Caravan (travellers)
A caravan (from Persian کاروان kârvân) is a group of people traveling together, often on a trade expedition. Caravans were used mainly in desert areas and throughout the Silk Road, where traveling in groups helped in defense against bandits as well as in improving economies of scale in trade.
Amar Kantak
Amarkantak is a 1986 Bengali drama film directed by Sukhen Das and produced by Mala Gupta. It stars Chiranjeet, Moon Moon Sen, along with Sukhen Das, Sumitra Mukherjee, Deepankar Dey in another supporting roles. The film was loosely based on the novel Sonar Kathi, Rupar Kathi of Ashutosh Mukhopadhyay. It was made under the banner of Parna Chitram. This movie received BFJA award in 1987.

Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards
The Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards commonly referred to as BFJA, are given by the Bengal Film Journalists' Association. The BFJA is the oldest association of film critics in India, founded in 1937 to serve the developing film journalism and film industry, in Bengal, and from 1947 onwards, the Indian State of West Bengal, in particular, and India in general.
Fuvahmulah Airport
Fuvahmulah Airport (Dhivehi: ފުވައްމުލަކު އެއަރޕޯޓް, IATA: FVM, ICAO: VRMR) is a domestic airport located on the island of Fuvahmulah (also known as Fuvahmulaku) in Gnaviyani Atoll, Maldives. It was opened in November 2011.

Gnaviyani Atoll
Gnaviyani Atoll (Dhivehi: ޏ. އަތޮޅު, pronounced [ɳaʋijan̪i at̪oɭu], Nyaviyani) is one of the administrative divisions of the Maldives corresponding to the natural atoll Fuvahmulah. Surfacewise, it is the smallest administrative unit in the Maldives, situated on the Equatorial Channel (Addu - Mulah Kandu) between Huvadhu Atoll and Addu Atoll.
Bishopstoke
Bishopstoke is a village and civil parish in the Eastleigh district of Hampshire, England. It is recorded as "Stoke" as early as 948 AD when King Eadred granted land there to a thegn called Aelfric. Stoke later came into the possession of the Bishops of Winchester, giving rise to the modern name. The village is about a mile east of Eastleigh town centre, and is on the eastern bank of the River Itchen. It adjoins Fair Oak on the east.

The parish of Bishopstoke was annexed to Eastleigh in 1899. It was later re-established as a parish in 1995. The village forms part of the South Hampshire urban area.

Thegn
In later Anglo-Saxon England, a thegn, or thane (Latin: minister), was an aristocrat who ranked at the third level in lay society, below the king and ealdormen. He had to be a substantial landowner. Thanage refers to the tenure by which lands were held by a thane as well as the rank; an approximately equivalent modern title may be that of baron.

The term thane was also used in early medieval Scandinavia for a class of retainers, and thane was a title given to local royal officials in medieval eastern Scotland, equivalent in rank to the child of an earl.
Bersacapavir
Bersacapavir is an experimental drug for the treatment of hepatitis B.  It prevents hepatitis B virus (HBV) from replicating by inhibiting the formation of its capsid.  It is also being studied for use in combination with JNJ-73763989, a small interfering RNA that targets HBV RNAs.

It can be synthesized beginning with N-methylpyrrole.

Small interfering RNA
Small interfering RNA (siRNA), sometimes known as short interfering RNA or silencing RNA, is a class of double-stranded non-coding RNA molecules, typically 20–24 base pairs in length, similar to microRNA (miRNA), and operating within the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. It interferes with the expression of specific genes with complementary nucleotide sequences by degrading messenger RNA (mRNA) after transcription, preventing translation. It was discovered in 1998 by Andrew Fire at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, D.C. and Craig Mello at the University of Massachusetts in Worcester.
Oughterard
Oughterard (Irish: Uachtar Ard) is a small town on the banks of the Owenriff River close to the western shore of Lough Corrib in Connemara, County Galway, Ireland. It is located about 26 km (16 mi) northwest of Galway on the N59 road. Oughterard is the chief angling centre on Lough Corrib.

One of the fastest-growing towns in Ireland, it had a population of 1,846 in 2022, an increase of 40.1% from the 2016 census.

Tower house
A tower house is a particular type of stone structure, built for defensive purposes as well as habitation. Tower houses began to appear in the Middle Ages, especially in mountainous or limited access areas, to command and defend strategic points with reduced forces. At the same time, they were also used as an aristocrat's residence, around which a castle town was often constructed.
Ekaterina Gnidenko
Ekaterina Valeryevna Gnidenko (Russian: Екатерина Валерьевна Гниденко; born 11 December 1992 in Tula) is a Russian track cyclist. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed in the Women's sprint but was subsequently found to have been using turinabol a banned product and was disqualified.

Gnidenko later appealed her disqualification to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), seeking to have her disqualification from the 2012 Olympics overturned. On 26 July 2018, the CAS dismissed  Gnidenko's appeal, upholding her disqualification.

Cycling at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's sprint
The women's cycling sprint at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place at the London Velopark from 5 to 7 August. Anna Meares from Australia won the gold medal and Victoria Pendleton of Great Britain took silver. China's Guo Shuang won the bronze.
X̅ and s chart
In statistical quality control, the  and s chart is a type of control chart used to monitor variables data when samples are collected at regular intervals from a business or industrial process.  This is connected to traditional statistical quality control (SQC) and statistical process control (SPC). However, Woodall noted that "I believe that the use of control charts and other monitoring methods should be referred to as “statistical process monitoring,” not “statistical process control (SPC).”"

Business process
A business process, business method, or business function is a collection of related, structured activities or tasks performed by people or equipment in which a specific sequence produces a service or product (that serves a particular business goal) for a particular customer or customers. Business processes occur at all organizational levels and may or may not be visible to the customers. A business process may often be visualized (modeled) as a flowchart of a sequence of activities with interleaving decision points or as a process matrix of a sequence of activities with relevance rules based on data in the process. The benefits of using business processes include improved customer satisfaction and improved agility for reacting to rapid market change. Process-oriented organizations break down the barriers of structural departments and try to avoid functional silos.
Ken McDowall
Kenneth Francis McDowall (born 6 May 1938) is an English former footballer who played as an outside left in the Football League Fourth Division for Rochdale in the early 1960s. He began his career in the Cheshire League with Rhyl before joining Manchester United in September 1959. A year later, in October 1960, he left Manchester United for Rochdale without making an appearance.

Cheshire Association Football League
The Cheshire Association Football League is a football competition based in Cheshire, England, which until 2007 was known as the Mid-Cheshire Association Football League. Founded in 1948, only one club (Knutsford) have maintained continuous membership since the formation of the league. Another two founder members left the league in 2012 (Whitchurch Alport) and 2014 (Barnton).

The Premier Division sits at step 7 of the National League Pyramid, level 11 in the English Football Pyramid.
Calciumopathy
A calciumopathy is a disease caused by
disruption to the use of calcium within a cell.
To a large extent, a calciumopathy is a type of channelopathy, or a
disease caused by disturbed function of ion channel subunits or the
proteins that regulate them; calciumopathies also include
dysfunctions of regulatory pathways and mitochondria. Many
calciumopathies are complex polygenic diseases; clues to their
understanding are coming from the rarer monogenic forms of common
symptoms such as seizures, ataxia, and
migraine.

Ion channel
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore. Their functions include establishing a resting membrane potential, shaping action potentials and other electrical signals by gating the flow of ions across the cell membrane, controlling the flow of ions across secretory and epithelial cells, and regulating cell volume. Ion channels are present in the membranes of all cells. Ion channels are one of the two classes of ionophoric proteins, the other being ion transporters.

The study of ion channels often involves biophysics, electrophysiology, and pharmacology, while using techniques including voltage clamp, patch clamp, immunohistochemistry, X-ray crystallography, fluoroscopy, and RT-PCR. Their classification as molecules is referred to as channelomics.
1980 Ugandan general election
General elections were held in Uganda on 10 and 11 December 1980. They followed the overthrow of Idi Amin the previous year and were the first since the pre-independence elections in 1962. The result was a victory for the Uganda People's Congress (UPC) of President Milton Obote, which won 75 of the 126 seats. Voter turnout was 85%.

The UPC was the only party to contest all 126 seats, and its candidates were returned unopposed in seventeen constituencies.  The opposition claimed that the UPC had only won through widespread fraud. Several opposition groups united as the National Resistance Army (NRA) under the leadership of Yoweri Museveni to start an armed uprising against Obote's government on 6 February 1981.

President of Uganda
The president of the Republic of Uganda is the head of state and the head of government of Uganda. The president leads the executive branch of the government of Uganda and is the commander-in-chief of the Uganda People's Defence Force.
Li Deyu
Li Deyu (Chinese: 李德裕; pinyin: Lǐ Déyù; 787 – January 26, 850), courtesy name Wenrao (文饒), formally the Duke of Wei (衛公), was a Chinese poet, politician, and writer during the Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reigns of brothers Emperor Wenzong and Emperor Wuzong and (briefly) their uncle Emperor Xuānzong. He was the leader of the so-called Li Faction in the decades-long Niu-Li Factional Struggles, and was particularly powerful during Emperor Wuzong's reign, dominating the court scene and guiding policies during the campaigns against the crumbling Uyghur Khanate and against the warlord Liu Zhen. After Emperor Wuzong's death, Emperor Xuānzong, who had long despised him for his hold on power, had him demoted and banished, where he died in exile.

Old Book of Tang
The Old Book of Tang, or simply the Book of Tang, is the first classic historical work about the Tang dynasty, comprising 200 chapters, and is one of the Twenty-Four Histories. Originally compiled during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (10th century AD), it was superseded by the New Book of Tang, which was compiled in the Song dynasty, but later regained acceptance.

The credited editor was chief minister Liu Xu, but the bulk (if not all) of the editing work was actually completed by his predecessor Zhao Ying. The authors include Zhang Zhao, Jia Wei (賈緯), and Zhao Xi (趙熙).
Nemouridae
The Nemouridae are a family of stoneflies containing more than 700 described species, occurring primarily in the Holarctic region. Members of this family are commonly known as spring stoneflies or brown stoneflies. Fly fishermen often refer to these insects as tiny winter blacks.

Although these insects use a wide range of flowing-water habitats, they tend to be most prevalent in smaller streams. The nymphs are distinctive, being broad-bodied and bristly with divergent wing pads.

Holarctic realm
The Holarctic realm is a biogeographic realm that comprises the majority of habitats found throughout the continents in the Northern Hemisphere. It corresponds to the floristic Boreal kingdom. It includes both the Nearctic zoogeographical region (which covers most of North America), and Alfred Wallace's Palearctic zoogeographical region (which covers  North Africa, and all of Eurasia except for  Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and the southern Arabian Peninsula).

These  regions are further subdivided into a variety of ecoregions. Many ecosystems and the animal and plant communities that depend on them extend across a number of continents and cover large portions of the Holarctic realm. This continuity is the result of those regions’ shared glacial history.
Lars Unger
Lars Unger (born 30 September 1972) is a German former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Werder Bremen, Fortuna Düsseldorf, Southend United, SC Bregenz, and Brinkumer SV. He also represented the Germany U21 national team.

Schwarz-Weiß Bregenz
Schwarz-Weiß Bregenz or SW Bregenz (formerly Sportclub Bregenz or SC Bregenz) is an association football club based in the town of Bregenz, Vorarlberg, Austria. The club competes in Austrian 2. Liga, the second tier of the Austrian football. Founded in 1919, it is affiliated to the Vorarlberg Football Association. The team plays its home matches at ImmoAgentur Stadion, where it has been based since 1951. The club's history includes numerous promotions and relegations and some spells of sustained success, including participation in the UEFA Intertoto Cup in 2002 and 2004. The club went bankrupt in 2005 and was subsequently refounded.
Scousburgh
Scousburgh is a small community in the parish of Dunrossness, in the South Mainland of Shetland, Scotland, overlooking the picturesque Scousburgh Sand, and Spiggie Loch. From Scousburgh a road leads up the hill to the site of the former Mossy Hill army base. This road has a connection to Scousburgh Hill the site of the now redundant trans horizon transmission dishes. From there another road leads down to the A970 on the east side of the Hill.

There is a broch (Iron Age fort) just North of Scousburgh, behind Rhu-allen, Bremire Crofthouse (traditional Shetland farm) South of Scousburgh and eleven horizontal 19th century cereal water mills alongside the Burn of Scousburgh that have been designated as scheduled monuments by Historic Environment Scotland.

Mainland, Shetland
The Mainland is the principal island of Shetland in Scotland. Covering an area of 899 km2 (347 sq mi), the island contains Shetland's only burgh, Lerwick, which is the main administrative centre, and major point of Shetland's ferry and air connections. The island has a diversified economy, with interests in agriculture, fishing, aquaculture, oil and gas, and tourism. It also forms part of a UNESCO Global Geopark, noted for its cliffs, moorlands, and diverse marine wildlife. Mainland is also the largest island in the North Sea.
USS Flamingo
USS Flamingo is a name used more than once by the U.S. Navy in naming its ships:

USS Flamingo (AM-32) laid down 18 October 1917 by the New Jersey Drydock and Transportation Co., Elizabethport, New Jersey.

USS Flamingo (AMc-22) laid down in 1940 as the fishing dragger Harriet N. Eldridge; Acquired by the U.S. Navy, 4 November 1940.

USS Flamingo (AMS-11) laid down 11 May 1942 by Stadium Yacht Basin Inc., Cleveland, Ohio.

USS Viking (ARS-1)
USS Flamingo (AM-32) was a Lapwing-class minesweeper built for the United States Navy near the end of World War I. After service overseas clearing mines after the Armistice, the ship was laid up until 1922 when she was transferred to the United States Department of Commerce for use by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. Renamed USC&GS Guide, the ship operated as a survey vessel along the West Coast of the United States for 17 years, making significant contributions to navigation, hydrographic surveying, and oceanography. In June 1941, Guide was transferred back to the Navy, converted into a salvage ship, and renamed USS Viking (ARS-1). As Viking, she worked primarily from bases in California until 1953, when she was sold for scrapping.
Credit One Bank
Credit One Bank, N.A. is a bank specializing in credit cards (including cards for borrowers with low credit scores), certificates of deposit, and savings accounts. The bank is owned by Sherman Financial Group and is headquartered in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Despite similar names and "nearly identical" logos, Credit One is not affiliated with Capital One, another banking institution.

Credit score in the United States
A credit score is a number that provides a comparative estimate of an individual's creditworthiness based on an analysis of their credit report.  It is an inexpensive and main alternative to other forms of consumer loan underwriting.

Lenders, such as banks and credit card companies, use credit scores to evaluate the risk of lending money to consumers. Lenders contend that widespread use of credit scores has made credit more widely available and less expensive for many consumers. Under the Dodd-Frank Act passed in 2010, a consumer is entitled to receive a free report of the specific credit score used if they are denied a loan, credit card or insurance due to their credit score.
Karalat
Karalat (Russian: Каралат) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Karalatsky Selsoviet, Kamyzyaksky District, Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,156 as of 2010. There are 24 streets.

Kamyzyaksky District
Kamyzyaksky District (Russian: Камызя́кский райо́н; Kazakh: Құмөзек ауданы, Qūmözek audany) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eleven in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 3,493 square kilometers (1,349 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kamyzyak. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 48,647, with the population of Kamyzyak accounting for 33.5% of that number.
Brunswick Books
Brunswick Books (formerly Fernwood Books) is a Canadian academic publishing company, founded in 1978 and headquartered in Toronto. It is primarily a book marketing and sales company for Canadian universities. It describes its aim as "to provide progressive books from progressive publishers to progressive people."

The company markets and sells books on behalf of

Between the Lines

Charivari Press

Demeter Press

Fernwood Publishing

Inanna Publications

JCharlton Publishing

Merlin Press

Monthly Review Press

Pambazuka Press

Purich Publishing

Pluto Books

Roseway Publishing

Red Quill Books

Arbeiter Ring Publishing

Cape Breton University Press

Waves of the Future

Zed Books

Brush Education Inc.

University of Regina Press

University of Regina Press
The University of Regina Press is a university press associated with the University of Regina, located in Regina, Saskatchewan. The press was founded in 2013 and publishes books on a variety of topics, including indigenous cultures, Canadian history, politics, environmentalism, social justice, and gender and sexuality. The University of Regina Press is a member of the Association of Canadian University Presses, the Association of Canadian Publishers, and the Association of University Presses.
Small nucleolar RNA Z196/R39/R59 family
In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA Z196/R39/R59 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

snoRNA Z196/R39/R59 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.

Plant snoRNA Z196 was identified in a screen of Arabidopsis thaliana.

Nucleolus
The nucleolus (/njuːˈkliːələs, ˌnjuːkliˈoʊləs/; pl.: nucleoli /-laɪ/) is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is best known as the site of ribosome biogenesis. The nucleolus also participates in the formation of signal recognition particles and plays a role in the cell's response to stress. Nucleoli are made of proteins, DNA and RNA, and form around specific chromosomal regions called nucleolar organizing regions.  Malfunction of the nucleolus is the cause of several human conditions called "nucleolopathies" and the nucleolus is being investigated as a target for cancer chemotherapy.
Bishop of Cashel and Waterford
The Bishop of Cashel and Waterford (Full title: Bishop of Cashel and Emly with Waterford and Lismore) was the Ordinary of the Church of Ireland diocese of Cashel and Waterford; comprising all of County Waterford, the southern part of County Tipperary and a small part of County Limerick, Ireland.

County Waterford
County Waterford (Irish: Contae Phort Láirge) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Munster and is part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Waterford. Waterford City and County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county at large, including the city, was 127,363 according to the 2022 census. The county is based on the historic Gaelic territory of the Déise. There is an Irish-speaking area, Gaeltacht na nDéise, in the southwest of the county.