hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Janja Gora
Janja Gora is a village in the municipality of Plaški, in the Lika region of Croatia. It is located 9 km northeast of the municipal seat at Plaški.

It was historically known as Tuk. Prior to the administrative reorganization of SR Croatia, it was part of the municipality of Ogulin. During the Croatian War of Independence, the region was occupied by rebel Serbs. The village is ecclesiastically part of the Serbian Orthodox Eparchy of upper Karlovac. The village has a Serbian majority.

Omar Pasha (1806–1871), the Ottoman general and governor, was born in the village.

Lika
Lika (Croatian pronunciation: [lǐːka]) is a traditional region of Croatia proper, roughly bound by the Velebit mountain from the southwest and the Plješevica mountain from the northeast. On the north-west end Lika is bounded by Ogulin-Plaški basin, and on the south-east by the Malovan pass. Today most of the territory of Lika (Brinje, Donji Lapac, Gospić, Lovinac, Otočac, Perušić, Plitvička Jezera, Udbina and Vrhovine) is part of Lika-Senj County. Josipdol, Plaški and Saborsko are part of Karlovac County and Gračac is part of Zadar County, and it takes up about 12% of Croatia's land area.

Major towns include Gospić, Otočac, and Gračac, most of which are located in the karst poljes of the rivers of Lika, Gacka and others. The Plitvice Lakes National Park and Northern Velebit National Park are also in Lika.
Andrew De La Pena
Andrew De La Pena was five months old when he received a new heart in 1986 at Stanford University School of Medicine, in an operation led by Norman Shumway. Edward Stinson led the donor team and the donor heart was flown to Stanford on a 2-seater fighter plane with the pilot only, that is without the donor team. The story made headlines and was published in the New York Times Magazine and then picked up by Reader's Digest who published an article entitled "A New Heart for Andrew" in 1988. He later survived Hodgkins Lymphoma and Hurricane Katrina and at the age of 32, was reunited with the donor parents.

Heart transplantation
A heart transplant, or a cardiac transplant, is a surgical transplant procedure performed on patients with end-stage heart failure when other medical or surgical treatments have failed. As of 2018, the most common procedure is to take a functioning heart from a recently deceased organ donor (brain death is the most common) and implant it into the patient. The patient's own heart is either removed and replaced with the donor heart (orthotopic procedure) or, much less commonly, the recipient's diseased heart is left in place to support the donor heart (heterotopic, or "piggyback", transplant procedure).

Approximately 5,000 heart transplants are performed each year worldwide, more than half of which are in the US. Post-operative survival periods average 15 years. Heart transplantation is not considered to be a cure for heart disease; rather it is a life-saving treatment intended to improve the quality and duration of life for a recipient.
John Shadwell (cricketer)
John Robert Shadwell (April 1919 – 25 April 1942) was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer.

Born in Hampshire in April 1919, Shadwell was the son of Frederick Charles and Elsie May Shadwell. After attending Royal Military College, Sandhurst as an officer cadet, he was commissioned on 24 January 1940 as a second lieutenant in the 1st Battalion, Wiltshire Regiment, which at that time was stationed in Madras for coastal defence duties as a result of the outbreak of the Second World War.

Shadwell appeared in one first-class Madras Presidency match for Europeans against Indians at the Madras Cricket Club Ground on 12 January 1941. He scored 2 runs but was dismissed both innings. On 25 April 1942, Captain Shadwell died of illness at Sagar and was buried at Kirkee War Cemetery, Pune.

Europeans cricket team
The Europeans cricket team was an Indian first-class cricket team which took part in the annual Bombay Tournament and Lahore Tournament.  The team was founded by members of the European community in Bombay who played cricket at the Bombay Gymkhana.

The Europeans were involved in the Bombay tournament from its outset in 1877, when they accepted a challenge from the Parsis cricket team to a two-day match.  At this time, the competition was known as the Presidency Match.  They played first-class matches from 1892 to 1948.

There was also a European team composed of European cricketers from Madras Presidency who played in the Madras Presidency Matches.
Peter Baines (academic)
Peter George Baines is an Australian geophysicist. He is an honorary senior fellow at University of Melbourne and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Victoria.

Baines has published over 150 research articles and is the author of Topographic Effects in Stratified Flows, published in 1995 (paperback edition 1998). His major research areas include climate dynamics on the decadal time scale, volcano dynamics and Rossby wave hydraulics.

He is or has been the member of various societies such as the American Geophysical Union, Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society (AMOS - this new Society's first president, in 1988), Royal Society of Victoria and the Royal Meteorological Society. From 1960 to 1966, he was a member of the Royal Australian Naval Reserve, to the rank of Sub-lieutenant.

American Geophysical Union
The American Geophysical Union (AGU) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization of Earth, atmospheric, ocean, hydrologic, space, and planetary scientists and enthusiasts that according to their website includes 130,000 people (not members). AGU's activities are focused on the organization and dissemination of scientific information in the interdisciplinary and international fields within the Earth and space sciences. The geophysical sciences involve four fundamental areas: atmospheric and ocean sciences; solid-Earth sciences; hydrologic sciences; and space sciences. The organization's headquarters is located on Florida Avenue in Washington, D.C.
Burj Jumeirah
Burj Jumeirah (Arabic: برج جميرا‎) is a proposed Observation tower project near Burj Al Arab in Sufouh district of Dubai. It was initially expected to be completed in 2023. As of January 2022, construction has not begun. More worryingly all references to the tower have been removed from the developer's website, Dubai Holding.

At the base of the tower and the surrounding area, large spaces will be available to accommodate large numbers of the public and ensure a distinctive interactive atmosphere for visitors. The region will also offer many options for retail outlets including shops, restaurants, and cinemas along the perimeter of the tower.

Dubai Holding
Dubai Holding (Arabic: دبي القابضة) is Dubai ruler Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum's global investment holding company and personal investment portfolio.

Mohamed al-Gergawi built the company's portfolio. Sheikh Ahmed bin Saeed al-Maktoum was appointed chairman by the Dubai ruler. Dubai Holding has over DH 130 billion in assets in 13 countries and around 20,000 employees worldwide.

In 2021, leaks from the Pandora Papers about a secretive offshore system used to hide income from tax authorities and creditors revealed that Dubai Holding used three shell companies.
Stephen W. Bosworth
Stephen Warren Bosworth (December 4, 1939 – January 4, 2016) was an American academic and diplomat. He served as Dean of The Fletcher School at Tufts University and served as United States Special Representative for North Korea Policy from March 2009 to October 2011. He served three times as a U.S. Ambassador, to Tunisia (1979–1981), to the Philippines (1984–1987), and to South Korea (1997–2001). In 1987, he received the American Academy of Diplomacy's Diplomat of the Year Award.

In February 2009, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton named Bosworth a Special Representative for North Korea policy.

American Academy of Diplomacy
The American Academy of Diplomacy is a private, nonprofit, non-partisan, elected organization whose active membership is limited to men and women who have held positions of high responsibility in crafting and implementing American foreign policy. They have served the United States as chiefs of mission in major embassies abroad, and/or equivalent high-level foreign policy positions in Washington.

In its early years, the Academy provided the United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations with commentary on the qualifications of those nominated by the President as ambassadors, but today it only does so in exceptional circumstances, such as if the Board of Directors feels strongly about a nominee's lack of qualifications to be ambassador.

The academy is financially supported by its members, and by grants from foundations and corporate contributors.
Clara Peller
Clara Peller (born Rocha Swerdlova; August 4, 1902 – August 11, 1987) was a Russian-born American manicurist and television personality who, already an octogenarian, starred in the 1984 "Where's the beef?" advertising campaign for the Wendy's fast food restaurant chain, created by the Dancer Fitzgerald Sample advertising agency.

Dancer Fitzgerald Sample
Dancer Fitzgerald Sample (DFS and later DFS-Dorland) was a Madison Avenue advertising agency during the 20th century. It was founded in Chicago in 1923, and was acquired and merged into the Saatchi & Saatchi network in the 1980s.
Abbey of Saint-Marcel-lès-Chalon
46°46′12″N 4°53′13″E﻿ / ﻿46.77°N 4.887°E﻿ / 46.77; 4.887

The Priory of Saint-Marcel-lès-Chalon, earlier the Abbey of Saint-Marcel-lès-Chalon (French: Abbaye Saint-Marcel-lès-Chalon), was a monastery located in the present commune of Saint-Marcel near Chalon-sur-Saône, Saône-et-Loire, eastern France. It was founded in c. 590 as a Benedictine abbey. Somewhere between 979 and 988 it became part of the Congregation of Cluny, when it became a priory, like most Cluniac houses.

The philosopher Peter Abelard died here in 1142. The priory was suppressed during the French Revolution: the monastic buildings were demolished but the church survives as a parish church.

Chalon-sur-Saône
Chalon-sur-Saône (French pronunciation: [ʃalɔ̃ syʁ son] ⓘ, literally Chalon on Saône) is a city in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

It is a sub-prefecture of the department. It is the largest city in the department; however, the department capital is the smaller city of Mâcon.
Severny mine
The Severny mine is a large copper mine located in the north-west of Russia in Murmansk Oblast. Severny represents one of the largest copper reserves in Russia and in the world, having estimated reserves of 511.2 million tonnes of ore grading 0.72% copper.

Murmansk Oblast
Murmansk Oblast is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia, located in the northwestern part of the country, with a total land area of 144,900 square kilometres (55,900 sq mi). Its only internal border is the Republic of Karelia to the south, and it is bordered internationally by Finland to the west and Norway to the northwest and the Barents Sea lies to the north and White Sea lies to the south and east. Its administrative center is the city of Murmansk. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 795,409; however, at the 2021 Census, the population had declined to 667,744.
Boston Run
Boston Run is a tributary of Kitchen Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.2 miles (1.9 km) long and flows through Fairmount Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 0.66 square miles (1.7 km2). Old-growth forests are in the vicinity and wild trout naturally reproduce in the stream. The surficial geology nearby features Wisconsinan Outwash, Wisconsinan Till, fill, and bedrock consisting of sandstone and shale.

Fairmount Township, Pennsylvania
Fairmount Township is a township in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,207 at the 2020 census. Fairmount Township is home to Ricketts Glen State Park. The park receives tens of thousands of visitors each year.
Computer fraud
Computer fraud is the use of computers, the Internet, Internet devices, and Internet services to defraud people or organizations of resources. In the United States, computer fraud is specifically proscribed by the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA), which criminalizes computer-related acts under federal jurisdiction and directly combats the insufficiencies of existing laws. Types of computer fraud include:

Distributing hoax emails

Accessing unauthorized computers

Engaging in data mining via spyware and malware

Hacking into computer systems to illegally access personal information, such as credit cards or Social Security numbers

Sending computer viruses or worms with the intent to destroy or ruin another party's computer or system.

Phishing, social engineering, viruses, and DDoS attacks are fairly well-known tactics used to disrupt service or gain access to another's network, but this list is not inclusive.

Spyware
Spyware (a portmanteau for spying software) is any malware  that aims to gather information about a person or organization and send it to another entity in a way that harms the user by violating their privacy, endangering their device's security, or other means. This behavior may be present in other malware and in legitimate software. Websites may engage in spyware behaviors like web tracking. Hardware devices may also be affected.

Spyware is frequently associated with advertising and involves many of the same issues. Because these behaviors are so common, and can have non-harmful uses, providing a precise definition of spyware is a difficult task.
Lenny Cooper (cricketer)
Leonard 'Lenny' Michael Godfrey Cooper (born 9 June 1981) is an English cricketer.  Cooper is a right-handed batsman who bowls left-arm medium-fast.  He was born in Barnet, London.

Cooper made his debut for Hertfordshire in the 2000 Minor Counties Championship against Cambridgeshire.  Cooper played Minor counties cricket for Hertfordshire from 2000 to 2008, including 22 Minor Counties Championship matches and 10 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 2001, he made his List A debut against Worcestershire in the 3rd round of the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy.  He played a further List A match in 2001, against Staffordshire in the 1st round of the following season's competition, which was played in 2001. In his two List A matches, he scored 6 runs at a batting average of 3.00, with a high score of 6. With the ball he took just a single wicket, which cost 107 runs. His only List A wicket was that of Staffordshire's Graeme Archer, with Cooper claiming figures of 1/63 from 10 overs.

Hertfordshire County Cricket Club
Hertfordshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Hertfordshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Hertfordshire played List A matches occasionally from 1964 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at Balls Park, Hertford and also plays matches around the county at Cricket Field Lane in Bishop's Stortford, Long Marston, Brunton Memorial Ground in Radlett and North Mymms.
Anna Litvinenko
Anna Victoria Litvinenko (born 15 February 2001) is a British former figure skater and 2017 Team GB member. She is a five-time junior medallist at the British national championships and has most notably competed at the 2015 ISU Junior Grand Prix in the United States, the 2016 ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovenia, the 2016 ISU CS Warsaw Cup, the 2017 ISU Junior Grand Prix in Latvia, the 2017 ISU CS Finlandia Trophy, the 2018 ISU Junior Grand Prix in Lithuania and the 2018 CS Inge Solar Memorial – Alpen Trophy. In 2017 she was named Youth Sports Personality of the Year (Denninberg Shield) by Sport Godalming.

Litvinenko was coached by Veronika Bogomolova at the Guildford IFSC in Guildford, England.

ISU Junior Grand Prix in Latvia
The ISU Junior Grand Prix in Latvia – officially known as the Riga Cup – is an international figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Latvian Skating Association (Latvian: Latvijas Slidošanas asociācija). It is held periodically as an event of the ISU Junior Grand Prix of Figure Skating (JGP), a series of international competitions exclusively for junior-level skaters. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Skaters earn points based on their results at the qualifying competitions each season, and the top skaters or teams in each discipline are invited to then compete at the Junior Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final.
Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Sound Design of a Play
The Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Sound Design of a Play is an annual award presented by Drama Desk in recognition of achievements in theatre across collective Broadway, off-Broadway and off-off-Broadway productions in New York City.

The award was established in 1980, with the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Sound Design being presented each year to any play or musical production. Starting in 2010, the singular award was replaced by separate play and musical categories.

Four individuals hold the record for most wins in the category--Fitz Patton, Gareth Fry, Paul Arditti and Ben and Max Ringham--with two each. For nominations, Bray Poor, Gareth Fry and Tom Gibbons hold the record for most nominations with four each.

Sound design
Sound design is the art and practice of creating auditory elements of media. It involves specifying, acquiring and creating audio using production techniques and equipment or software. It is employed in a variety of disciplines including filmmaking, television production, video game development, theatre, sound recording and reproduction, live performance, sound art, post-production, radio, new media and musical instrument development. Sound design commonly involves performing (see e.g. Foley) and editing of previously composed or recorded audio, such as sound effects and dialogue for the purposes of the medium, but it can also involve creating sounds from scratch through synthesizers. A sound designer is one who practices sound design.
Pentagon road network
The Pentagon road network is a system of highways, mostly freeways, built by the United States federal government in the early 1940s to serve the Pentagon in northern Virginia. The roads, transferred to the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1964, are now largely state highways. The main part of the network is the Mixing Bowl at Interstate 395 (Shirley Highway) and Route 27 (Washington Boulevard), named because it had major weaving issues with traffic "mixing" between the two roads before it was rebuilt in the early 1970s.

The "Mixing Bowl" nickname is now more commonly used to refer to the Springfield Interchange, where I-395, I-495, and I-95 converge in nearby Springfield.

Springfield, Virginia
Springfield is an unincorporated community in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The common definition of Springfield is the four ZIP codes that use Springfield in their mailing addresses (22150, 22151, 22152, 22153). Together, they had a population of 108,621 as of the 2020 Census. (This should not be confused with the narrowly-defined Springfield census-designated place with a population of 31,339.) Springfield is a part of Northern Virginia, the most populous region of the Washington Metropolitan Area.
Manuel Andújar (motorcyclist)
Manuel Andújar (born 4 June 1996) is an Argentine rally raid racer who has competed in quads and SSVs. He won the 2021 Dakar Rally in the quad category, winning 2 stages in the process. He also won the 2021 FIM Cross-Country Rallies World Championship in the quad category, the last rider to do so. Still in the same category, Andújar won the Dakar Rally again in 2024 Dakar Rally, having won three stages and took the lead from stage 4 onwards.

2021 FIM Cross-Country Rallies World Championship
The 2021 FIM Cross-Country Rallies World Championship was the 18th and final season of the FIM Cross-Country Rallies World Championship, an international rally raid competition for motorbikes and quads. Due to COVID-19 pandemic all events in the previous season were cancelled.
Affair at Glenmore Farm
The Affair at Glenmore Farm was a small cavalry skirmish that took place October 16, 1862 in Loudoun County, Virginia between Confederate forces under First Lieutenant Frank Myers and Union forces under General John Geary during the American Civil War.  The skirmish resulted in a Union victory.

Loudoun County, Virginia
Loudoun County (/ˈlaʊdən/) is in the northern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. In 2020, the census returned a population of 420,959, making it Virginia's third-most populous county. The county seat is Leesburg. Loudoun County is part of the Washington–Arlington–Alexandria, DC–VA–MD–WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.

As of 2023, Loudoun County had a median household income of $156,821, the highest of any county or county equivalent in the nation.
Fosse Farmhouse
Fosse Farmhouse is an 18th-century farmhouse in the English Cotswolds near the Fosse Way and Castle Combe.  It is now used to provide hospitality and accommodation, including bed and breakfast rooms in the main farmhouse and self-contained, self-catering quarters in converted farm buildings – the former barn, dairy and stables.  It is especially popular with Japanese since a couple visited in 1989. The proprietor, Caron Cooper, visited Japan where she hosted afternoon tea with scones at the British embassy. The guests included Prince Mikasa and his family, who subsequently came to stay at the farmhouse for three days.  In 2012, it was used as a location for the popular Japanese comic and TV animation, Kin-iro Mosaic, and fans of that series now come to stay at the farmhouse too.

Scone
A scone (/skɒn/ SKON or /skoʊn/ SKOHN) is a traditional British and Irish baked good, popular in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. In the US, scones are a different baked product from the rest of the world, usually sweeter, triangular in shape and served on their own. Scones are usually made of either wheat flour or oatmeal, with baking powder as a leavening agent, and baked on sheet pans, or fried in a frying pan. A scone can be either lightly sweetened or savoury, and can be occasionally glazed with egg wash. The sweetened scone is a basic component of the cream tea, and the afternoon tea. It differs from teacakes and other types of sweet breads that are made with yeast. Scones were chosen as Ireland's representative for Café Europe during the Austrian presidency of the European Union in 2006.
Richard Corman (photographer)
Richard Corman (born 1954) is an American photographer, best known for his work as a portrait photographer. His subjects include musicians, actors, athletes, artists, writers and humanitarians. His 2013 book, Madonna NYC 83, is a collection of photos he took of a pre-fame Madonna in 1983.

Portrait photography
Portrait photography, or portraiture, is a type of photography aimed toward capturing the personality of a person or group of people by using effective lighting, backdrops, and poses. A portrait photograph may be artistic or clinical. Frequently, portraits are commissioned for special occasions, such as weddings, school events, or commercial purposes. Portraits can serve many purposes, ranging from usage on a personal web site to display in the lobby of a business.