hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Apuli
The Apuli or Biefi were a Dacian tribe centered at the Dacian town Apulon (Latin Apulum) near what is now Alba Iulia in Transylvania, Romania.

Apuli has clear resemblance to Apulia, the ancient southeastern Italy region, which is believed to have been settled by Illyrian tribes (also named Apuli or Iapyges).

Linguists use it as an example for the similarities between Illyrian and Dacian language.

Apulum (castra)
Apulum was a legionary fortress in the Roman province of Dacia from the 2nd to 4th centuries AD, located in today's Alba Iulia, Romania.

It is the largest castrum in Romania, occupying 37.5 hectares (93 acres) (750 x 500 m). It was the base of the legion Legio XIII Gemina transferred there by Trajan to the newly conquered province of Dacia at the end of the war in 106. In the era of Hadrian (117-138 AD) and of Antoninus Pius (138-161 AD) it was rebuilt in stone.

The city of Apulum grew up around the fortress, eventually becoming the capital of Roman Dacia.

The legion was relocated in 271 to Dacia Aureliana when the northern Dacia province was evacuated
1994 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
The 1994 CONCACAF Champions' Cup was the 30th edition of the annual international club football competition held in the CONCACAF region (North America, Central America and the Caribbean), the CONCACAF Champions' Cup. It determined that year's club champion of association football in the CONCACAF region and was played from 12 December 1993 till 5 February 1994.

The teams were split in 2 zones (North/Central and Caribbean). The North/Central zone was split in 3 groups, qualifying the best team of each to the final stage. The winner of the Caribbean zone got the qualification too. All qualifying matches in the tournament were played under the home/away match system, while the final tournament was played in San Jose, California, U.S..

Costa Rican club Cartaginés beat Mexican team Atlante in the final, becoming CONCACAF champion for the first time in their history.

Atlante F.C.
Atlante Fútbol Club, simplified as Atlante FC, is a Mexican professional football club based in Zacatepec, Morelos. It competes in Liga de Expansión MX, the second level division of Mexican football, and plays its home matches at the Estadio Agustín "Coruco" Díaz.
Founded in 1916 in Mexico City as Sinaloa, later named Lusitania, U-53 (honoring a German submarine), and Atlántico (related  with the Atlantic Ocean), which due to colloquial use, changed to its current name in 1921. Atlante was one of ten founding members in 1943 of the first professional and national league in Mexico, named Liga Mayor (current Liga MX).

Domestically, Atlante FC has won 3 Liga MX titles, two Copa MX titles and one Campeón de Campeones. Internationally, it has won two CONCACAF Champions Cup/Champions League titles and reached the semifinals in the 2009 FIFA Club World Cup.

As of December 2024, Atlante is now headquartered in Zacatepec, Morelos.
Dave Kutch
Dave Kutch is an American mastering engineer. He has worked with artists Billie Eilish, The Weeknd, Alicia Keys, Blackpink, Karol G, Zara Larsson, Katy Perry, Calvin Harris, Afrojack, Janelle Monáe, Justin Timberlake, John Legend, Becky G, Andra Day, Ozzy Osbourne, Carlos Vives, Juanes, A$AP Rocky, A$AP Ferg, Blackbear, Glaive, XXXTentacion, Camila Cabello, Earl  Sweatshirt and Zac Brown Band. He has been nominated for 14 Grammy Awards.

Afrojack
Nick Leonardus van de Wall (Dutch: [ˈnɪk leːjoːˈnɑrdʏs fɑn də ˈʋɑl]; born 9 September 1987), known professionally as Afrojack (stylized in all caps), is a Dutch DJ, record producer and remixer. In 2007, he founded the record label Wall Recordings; his debut album Forget the World was released in 2014. Afrojack regularly features as one of the ten best artists in the Top 100 DJs published by DJ Mag. He is also the CEO of LDH Europe.
Alibabayum 41 Kallanmaarum
Alibabayum 41 Kallanmaarum is a 1975 Indian Malayalam-language film,  directed by J. Sasikumar and produced by M. J. Kurien. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jayabharathi, Bahadoor, KP Ummer, Vidhubala, Adoor Bhasi and Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan.

K. P. Ummer
Kachinamthoduka Puthiyapurayil Ummer  known as K. P. Ummer (11 October 1930 - 29 October 2001) was an Indian actor from Thekkepuram quarter of Kozhikode, Kerala, India. He was active in the Malayalam cinema from the early sixties until the late nineties.

He was born to T. Mohamed Koya and Beevi on 11 October 1930 in Kozhikode. His first film was Rarichan Enna Pauran (1956). He frequently played the villain opposite Prem Nazir, who played the hero. Ummer was also a character artist in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. In 1967, he did his first character role in the film Udhyogastha directed by P. Venu. Later he worked in many of Venu's films.

Ummer was a professional drama actor of K.P.A.C. and other troupes. He was a brilliant football player.

K. P. Ummer was the first actor in Kerala to turn down a state government award. The K. P. Ummer Anusmarana Samithi created an award instituted in his memory  for the people who contribute to Malayalam movies.
Amanda Mair
Amanda Ulrika Magdalena Mair (pronounced "Mayer") (born 14 June 1994) is a Swedish singer and musician. She released her self-titled debut album in 2012. Her music has been profiled by various publications including Elle, Seventeen, and Billboard in the United States. Her musical style is frequently compared to Kate Bush.

Seventeen (American magazine)
Seventeen is an American bimonthly teen fashion magazine headquartered in New York City. The publication targets a demographic of 11-to-21-year-old females and is owned by Hearst Magazines. Established in 1944, the magazine originally aimed to inspire teen girls to become model workers and citizens. However, it soon shifted its focus to a more fashion- and romance-oriented approach while still emphasizing the importance of self-confidence in young women. Alongside its primary themes, Seventeen also reports the latest news about celebrities.
Roy Mitchell (theatre practitioner)
Roy Matthews Mitchell (4 February 1884 – 27 July 1944) was a Canadian-American theatre practitioner who played an important role in little theatre in Canada and the United States.  He was involved in the creation and was the first artistic director of the Hart House Theatre at the University of Toronto, and was an influence on Vincent Massey, Herman Voaden and Mavor Moore.  In 1974 Moore wrote "in 1929, Roy Mitchell was a voice crying in the near-wilderness of Canada" and called him "the seer who said it all on our own doorstep nearly half a century ago."  A later scholar wrote that Mitchell's "vision ... did not fully come to pass in his lifetime, nor did it subsequently."

Little Theatre Movement
As the new medium of cinema was beginning to replace theater as a source of large-scale spectacle, the Little Theatre Movement developed in the United States around 1912. The Little Theatre Movement served to provide experimental centers for the dramatic arts, free from the standard production mechanisms used in prominent commercial theaters.  In several large cities, beginning with Chicago, Boston, Seattle, and Detroit, companies formed to produce more intimate, non-commercial, non-profit-centered, and reform-minded entertainments.
2017 America's Cup
The 2017 America's Cup was the 35th staging of the America's Cup yacht race. The challenger, Emirates Team New Zealand, won by a score of 7 to 1 over the defender, Oracle Team USA. It was held on the Great Sound in Bermuda from June 17 to June 26. The races were conducted using hydrofoiling AC50 America's Cup Class yachts, which are slightly larger than the AC45F yachts used in the 2015–16 America's Cup World Series.

It was Oracle's second defence of the America's Cup, four years after its first successful defence. Emirates Team New Zealand defended the cup in the 36th America's Cup. The format was changed since the last Cup, to the current best-of-13.

Sailing hydrofoil
A sailing hydrofoil, hydrofoil sailboat, or hydrosail is a sailboat with wing-like foils mounted under the hull. As the craft increases its speed the hydrofoils lift the hull up and out of the water, greatly reducing wetted area, resulting in decreased drag and increased speed. A sailing hydrofoil can achieve speeds exceeding double and in some cases triple the wind speed.

Both monohull and multihull sailboats can be retrofitted with hydrofoils, although greater stability can be achieved by using the wider planform of a catamaran or trimaran.
Alan Senauke
Hozan Alan Senauke (December 13, 1947 – December 22, 2024) was an American Sōtō priest, folk musician and poet residing at the Berkeley Zen Center (BZC) in Berkeley, California, where he served as Abbot. He was an executive director of the Buddhist Peace Fellowship (BPF), holding that position from 1991 to 2001. Alan also was a founder of Think Sangha, a group of writers and intellectuals that are affiliated with the BPF and the International Network of Engaged Buddhists. Think Sangha is a group of individuals who meet together to identify some of the most pressing social issues that they feel engaged Buddhists should be addressing. Senauke, who was born to a secular Jewish family in Brooklyn, New York, arrived in the San Francisco Bay area in 1968 and soon started sitting at the Berkeley Zen Center. Along with his Dharma sister Maylie Scott, Senauke received Dharma transmission from his teacher Sojun Mel Weitsman in 1998 during a ceremony at Tassajara Zen Mountain Center.

Dharma transmission
In Chan and Zen Buddhism, dharma transmission is a custom in which a person is established as a "successor in an unbroken lineage of teachers and disciples, a spiritual 'bloodline' (kechimyaku) theoretically traced back to the Buddha himself." The dharma lineage reflects the importance of family-structures in ancient China, and forms a symbolic and ritual recreation of this system for the monastic "family".

In Rinzai-Zen, inka shōmei (印可証明) is ideally "the formal recognition of Zen's deepest realisation", but practically it is being used for the transmission of the "true lineage" of the masters (shike) of the training halls. There are only about fifty to eighty of such inka shōmei-bearers in Japan.

In Sōtō-Zen, dharma transmission is referred to as shiho, and further training is required to become an oshō.
Antonio Ballard
Antonio Ballard (born April 30, 1988) is an American professional basketball player, who lastly played for ESSM Le Portel of the LNB Pro A. He played with the Summerside and Island Storm from 2012 to 2014 and was named a National Basketball League of Canada (NBL) All-Star in both seasons. Ballard was also the Most Valuable Player of the 2014 game. He played college basketball at Miami University, where he represented the RedHawks. Michael Stinnett, a coach, commented on him, "He is a versatile small forward who can do a little bit of it all."

Miami RedHawks men's basketball
The Miami RedHawks men's basketball team (known as the Miami Redskins until 1997) is the intercollegiate men's basketball program representing Miami University. The school competes in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The RedHawks play home basketball games at Millett Hall in Oxford, Ohio on the university campus. Miami has reached the NCAA Championship's Sweet Sixteen four times and has been the MAC regular season champions 18 times. The RedHawks have appeared in the NCAA Tournament 17 times, most recently in 2007. The team is currently coached by Travis Steele.

In May 2013, the Ohio Basketball Hall of Fame inducted 11 players and coaches who starred in the state, including Miami's Wayne Embry, Randy Ayers, Ron Harper and Wally Szczerbiak.
Paphos Forest
The Paphos Forest is a state forest located in the Troodos Mountains of Cyprus with an area of 70,000 hectares. It has been a Permanent Game Preserve since 1938.

Paphos forest is a Mediterranean type forest with both coniferous trees like Brutia pine (Pinus brutia) and Cyprus cedar (Cedrus brevifolia) and broadleaf trees like golden oak (Quercus alnifolia) and Platanus orientalis.

Paphos forest is home to the Cyprus mouflon, red fox and Cyprus mouse. Also present in the forest are eight species of snakes and a large variety of lizard and frog species.

Pinus brutia
Pinus brutia, commonly known as the Turkish pine and Calabrian pine, is a species of pine native to the eastern Mediterranean region. The bulk of its range is in Turkey, with smaller populations occurring in Bulgaria, Crete, Cyprus, Iraq, western Syria, Northern Iran, Crimea, the western Caucasus, and Azerbaijan; it is also naturalised as far east as Afghanistan and Pakistan. It is also known as East Mediterranean pine, Afghan pine, and Brutia pine. The name "Calabrian pine" comes from an introduced grove in the region of Calabria in southern Italy; historically this region was called Bruttium, which is likely where the specific epithet "brutia" comes from. Pinus brutia bears many similarities with other, closely related species such as Pinus halepensis and Pinus canariensis. Turkish pine forms a species complex with the former.
1976 Philadelphia Phillies season
The 1976 Philadelphia Phillies season was the 94th season in the history of the franchise. The Phillies won their first postseason berth since 1950 and their first National League East title, as they compiled a record of 101–61, nine games ahead of the second-place Pittsburgh Pirates, and won 100 games or more for the first time in franchise history.

The Phillies lost the NLCS, 3–0 to the Cincinnati Reds.  Danny Ozark managed the Phillies in his fourth year, as they played their home games at Veterans Stadium, where the All-Star Game was played that season.

1950 Philadelphia Phillies season
The 1950 Philadelphia Phillies season was the 68th season in the history of the franchise.

The Phillies won the National League pennant by two games over the Brooklyn Dodgers. It marked the second pennant in franchise history. Nicknamed the "Whiz Kids" because of the youth of their roster, they went on to lose the World Series to the New York Yankees in four straight games.
Jenštejn family
The Jenštejn family (Czech: Jenštejnové or Páni z Jenštejna) was a noble family in the medieval Kingdom of Bohemia. The family was founded by a wealthy Prague burgher Pavel. He was listed in 1360 as a royal notary. In 1368, he bought Jenštejn Castle and used the surname z Jenštejna for the first time. He had four sons: Martin, Jan, Pavel and Václav. The most important was Jan of Jenštejn, who following the resignation of his uncle Jan Očko of Vlašim became Prague Archbishop in 1378.

Vaněk of Jenštejn, son of Pavel II of Jenštejn, was the owner of castles Bradlec and Staré Hrady near Jičín. Vaněk rebelled against the King Wenceslaus IV and Bradlec was taken by the royal army in 1417. His son Mikuláš (+ 1459) was the last lord of Jenštejn.

The coat of arms of the Jenštejn family is gules two vulture heads on a silver background.

Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia
Wenceslaus IV (also spelled Wenceslas Czech: Václav; German: Wenzel; nicknamed the Idle; also known as Wenceslaus of Luxembourg; 26 February 1361 – 16 August 1419) was King of Bohemia from 1378 until his death and King of Germany from 1376 until he was deposed in 1400. As he belonged to the House of Luxembourg, he was also Duke of Luxembourg from 1383 to 1388.
Jæger Dokk
Jæger Dokk (12 December 1921 – 17 June 2000) was a Norwegian insurance leader. He was born in Aker. He was CEO of the insurance company Samtrygd/Gjensidige from 1958 to 1984. He was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1985.

Dokk died on 17 June 2000, at the age of 78.

Gjensidige
Gjensidige Forsikring ASA is a Norwegian insurance company. The company traces its roots back to 1816 when a fire mutual was founded as Land Gjensidige Brandkasse in what is today Innlandet county. Gjensidige demutualised and listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange in December 2010. The firm, headquartered in Oslo, has a market share of some 26% (2021) in the Norwegian insurance market. The company has 36 branch offices in Norway, not including affiliated fire mutuals, and 1 million customers. Gjensidige has subsidiaries in Denmark, Sweden and The Baltics.

The company offers all kinds of insurance for retail customers, agriculture and business. It also offers pensions and savings products.
Wordplay (game show)
Wordplay is an American game show which ran on NBC from December 29, 1986 to September 4, 1987. It was hosted by Tom Kennedy, with Jamie Farr substituting for Kennedy for one week of shows, and announced by Charlie O'Donnell. The show was produced by Scotti Bros.-Syd Vinnedge Television in association with Fiedler/Berlin Productions and Rick Ambrose Television. The show features three celebrities offering definitions of vocabulary words to contestants, who then determine which celebrity is giving the correct definition.

All American Television
All American Television (later known as All American Communications Television and formerly Scotti Brothers-Syd Vinnedge Television and Scotti Vinnedge Television) was a television syndication company active from 1981 to 1998. It was founded by Anthony J. Scotti, Ben Scotti, and Syd Vinnedge. The company was known for producing and distributing television shows such as Baywatch, America's Top 10, and the Mark Goodson Productions library of game shows.
Ben Walden
Ben Walden (born 10 August 1969) is an English actor.
He is known for The Camomile Lawn (1992), The Man Who Cried (1993), Martin Chuzzlewit (1994), High Heels and Low Lifes (2001) and Band of Brothers (2001). He is the son of former Labour MP and political interviewer Brian Walden.

The Man Who Cried
The Man Who Cried is a 2000 drama film written and directed by Sally Potter, and starring Christina Ricci, Cate Blanchett, Johnny Depp, Harry Dean Stanton and John Turturro. The film tells the story of a young Jewish girl who, after being separated from her father in Soviet Russia, grows up in England and moves to Paris as a young adult, shortly before the beginning of World War II. It is the last film worked on by the French cinematographer Sacha Vierny.
14-18, the musical
14-18, the musical is a Flemish musical about the First World War with the music of Dirk Brossé. The original production by Gert Verhulst and Hans Bourlon opened in April 2014 at the Nekkerhal in Mechelen, directed by Frank Van Laecke and produced by Studio 100. The show closed on November 11, 2014, after being seen by more than 320,000 visitors. In 2024 the musical reopened on the 2nd of June with an updated version in the Studio 100 pop-up theatre in Puurs. This is a theatre that they specially build for their musical about the Second World War 40-45.

The show is about a group of Flemish friends at the outbreak of World War I, as the war drags on longer than anyone expected.

Gert Verhulst
Gert Tony Hubert Verhulst (born 24 January 1968 in Berchem, Antwerp) is a Belgian presenter, entrepreneur, singer, director, actor, screenwriter, composer, film producer, and business magnate. As a prominent figure within the children's entertainment industry in the Benelux, he is regarded as a Flemish cultural icon, known for his influence and contributions to children's entertainment in the Benelux and founder of Studio 100.
De Filippis
De Filippis or Defilippis is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cristiana De Filippis (born 1992), Italian mathematician

Daisy Cocco De Filippis (born 1949), Dominican-American writer and educator

Joseph DeFilippis (born 1967), American activist

Lodovico De Filippis (1915-?), Italian footballer

Luis De Filippis, Italian Canadian film director and screenwriter

Maria Teresa de Filippis (1926–2016), Italian racing driver

Mauro De Filippis (born 1980), Italian sport shooter

Melchiorre De Filippis Delfico (1825–1895), Italian artist, composer, singer, conductor, and writer

Nino Defilippis (1932–2010), Italian cyclist

Nunzio DeFilippis, American writer

Roberto De Filippis (born 1988), Italian footballer

Nino Defilippis
Nino Defilippis (21 March 1932 – 13 July 2010) was an Italian road bicycle racer who won the Giro di Lombardia in 1958, as well as nine stages at the Giro d'Italia, seven stages at the Tour de France and two stages at the Vuelta a España. He also won the mountains classification at the 1956 Vuelta a España and the Italian National Road Race Championship in 1956 and 1958.
Kamala Kamesh
Kamala Kamesh (7 October 1952) was an Indian actress in Tamil movies. She was one of the prominent supporting actress in late 1970s and 1980s in Tamil movies. She has acted in nearly 480 movies in Tamil. She is often seen in Visu's movies.

Visu
Meenakshisundaram Ramasamy Viswanathan (1 July 1945  –  22 March 2020), best known by his stage name Visu, was an Indian screenwriter, film director, stage, film and television actor and talk-show host known for his work in Tamil theatre and film. Visu initially worked as an assistant to director K. Balachander until becoming a director himself. He later began acting, with his first notable film being Kudumbam Oru Kadambam (1981), directed by S. P. Muthuraman.
Parallel analysis
Parallel analysis, also known as Horn's parallel analysis, is a statistical method used to determine the number of components to keep in a principal component analysis or factors to keep in an exploratory factor analysis. It is named after psychologist John L. Horn, who created the method, publishing it in the journal Psychometrika in 1965. The method compares the eigenvalues generated from the data matrix to the eigenvalues generated from a Monte-Carlo simulated matrix created from random data of the same size.

John L. Horn
John Leonard Horn (September 7, 1928 – August 18, 2006) was a scholar, cognitive psychologist and a pioneer in developing theories of intelligence.
The Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory is the basis for many modern IQ tests. Horn's parallel analysis, a method for determining the number of factors to keep in an exploratory factor analysis, is also named after him.
NGC 4003
NGC 4003 is a barred lenticular galaxy located 305 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. It was discovered on April 10, 1785, by astronomer William Herschel. NGC 4003 forms a pair with the galaxy NGC 4002 known as [T2015] nest 102886, and is part of the Coma Supercluster.

NGC 4003 has a triple-ringed structure. It has a nucleus with a ringlike structure with dust lanes inside it, a strong bar surrounded by a second ring which is connected to broad spiral arms, and a nearly complete outer ring. It is thought the structure of NGC 4003 is a result of past interaction with NGC 4002.

NGC 4003 is a LINER galaxy, with star formation dominating its nucleus, and is host to a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 9.6 × 108 M☉.

Supermassive black hole
A supermassive black hole (SMBH or sometimes SBH) is the largest type of black hole, with its mass being on the order of hundreds of thousands, or millions to billions, of times the mass of the Sun (M☉). Black holes are a class of astronomical objects that have undergone gravitational collapse, leaving behind spheroidal regions of space that nothing, not even light, can escape. Observational evidence indicates that almost every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center. For example, the Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center, corresponding to the radio source Sagittarius A*. Accretion of interstellar gas onto supermassive black holes is the process responsible for powering active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars.

Two supermassive black holes have been directly imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope; these are Sagittarius A, at the center of the Milky Way, and the black hole at the center of Messier 87, a giant elliptical galaxy.