hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Progressive Conservative Youth Federation
The Progressive Conservative Youth Federation (PCYF) was the constitutionally enshrined youth body of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada. When the PC Party and the Canadian Alliance merged in 2004, a formalized youth group was rejected by delegates at the founding convention of the Conservative Party in Montréal by a vote of 51% to 49%. As a result of that vote, PCYF ceased to exist.

Leadership review
In Canadian politics, a leadership review is a vote held at a political party convention in which delegates decide whether to endorse the incumbent party leader or schedule a leadership convention to elect a new leader. In most parties at present, such a vote is required at the first convention following a general election.

Officially, a new leadership election is only required if the incumbent leader fails to receive support from a simple majority of delegates (or if a motion to hold a leadership election passes by one vote). In practice, leaders who do not win the review by a substantial margin are expected to call a leadership election and either re-offer or resign altogether.

The term also refers to reviews under the Reform Act, in which the party caucuses in the House of Commons decide on whether to retain the leader.
I Wanna Be Somebody
"I Wanna Be Somebody" is the first single from heavy metal band W.A.S.P.'s debut album W.A.S.P.

It was ranked at #84 in VH1's 100 Greatest Hard Rock Songs. The song's title is taken from an episode of Barney Miller, where Detective Ron Harris states that "God I Wanna Be Somebody" in a manner which Blackie Lawless found humorous.

Blackie Lawless
Steven Edward Duren (born September 4, 1956), better known by his stage name Blackie Lawless, is an American singer, songwriter and musician, best known as the lead singer and rhythm guitarist (formerly bassist) for heavy metal band W.A.S.P.
Parkside, Hunslet
53°46′11″N 1°32′32″W﻿ / ﻿53.769610°N 1.542270°W﻿ / 53.769610; -1.542270
Parkside was a rugby league stadium in Hunslet, Leeds, England. It was home to Hunslet F.C. rugby league club and the source of their nickname, the Parksiders.

Hunslet now play at the South Leeds Stadium which is less than half a mile from the former site of Parkside.

John Charles Centre for Sport
The John Charles Centre for Sport is a multi-purpose sports facility in South Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It consists of the South Leeds Stadium (a rugby league, football, and athletics stadium), an aquatics centre, indoor athletics centre, and tennis centre. In 2007 the complex was renamed in honour of John Charles (1931–2004), the former Leeds United, Juventus  and Wales footballer.

The complex is located to the south of Leeds city centre roughly on the border of Beeston, Belle Isle and Hunslet. The sports centre opened in 1996, and the Aquatics Centre opening in 2007.

The stadium has been used by Leeds United for reserve matches, and since November 1995 by rugby league club Hunslet. It is the principal athletics stadium in the Leeds area and is the home of Leeds City Athletic Club. South Leeds F.C. (formerly Middleton FC) have used the stadium since 2024 enabling the club to be promoted to the Northern Counties East League.
Algorithmic Number Theory Symposium
Algorithmic Number Theory Symposium (ANTS) is a biennial academic conference, first held in Cornell in 1994, constituting an international forum for the presentation of new research in computational number theory. They are devoted to algorithmic aspects of number theory, including elementary number theory, algebraic number theory, analytic number theory, geometry of numbers, arithmetic geometry, finite fields, and cryptography.

Geometry of numbers
Geometry of numbers, also known as geometric number theory, is the part of number theory which uses geometry for the study of algebraic numbers. Typically, a ring of algebraic integers is viewed as a lattice in  and the study of these lattices provides fundamental information on algebraic numbers. Hermann Minkowski (1896) initiated this line of research at the age of 26 in his work The Geometry of Numbers.

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The geometry of numbers has a close relationship with other fields of mathematics, especially functional analysis and Diophantine approximation, the problem of finding rational numbers  that  approximate an irrational quantity.
The Eyes (short story)
"The Eyes" is a short story written by Edith Wharton, a prolific writer best known for The Age of Innocence and The House of Mirth. It was first published in a June 1910 edition of Scribner's Magazine, along with a collection of nine other short stories titled Tales of Men and Ghosts.

Scribner's Magazine
Scribner's Magazine was an American periodical published by the publishing house of Charles Scribner's Sons from January 1887 to May 1939. Scribner's Magazine was the second magazine out of the Scribner's firm, after the publication of Scribner's Monthly. Charles Scribner's Sons spent over $500,000 setting up the magazine, to compete with the already successful Harper's Monthly and The Atlantic Monthly. Scribner's Magazine was launched in 1887, and was the first of any magazine to introduce color illustrations. The magazine ceased publication in 1939.

The magazine contained many engravings by famous artists of the 19th and early 20th centuries, as well as articles by important authors of the time, including John Thomason, Elisabeth Woodbridge Morris, Clarence Cook, and President Theodore Roosevelt.

The magazine had high sales when Roosevelt started contributing, reaching over 200,000, but gradually lost circulation after World War I.
Vishnu Sree Institute of Technology
Vishnu Sree Institute of Technology (VSIT) is a technical college in Jalalpur village, Bommalaramaram, Nalgonda, Telangana, India, 25 km from ECIL, Hyderabad. The college has a campus of 25 acres (100,000 m2). VSIT is affiliated with Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad and is approved by the All India Council of Technical Education New Delhi.  The institute was founded in 2008.

Institute of technology
An institute of technology (also referred to as technological/technology university/college, technical university/college, university/college of technology, polytechnic university) is an institution of tertiary education that specializes in engineering, technology, applied science, and natural sciences.
Catalina Solar Project
The Catalina Solar Project is a 143.2 megawatt (MW) photovoltaic power station located near Bakersfield, Kern County, California, owned by enXco, an EDF Énergies Nouvelles Company. It covers an area of 445 hectares (1,100 acres).

Construction began in May, 2012 and was fully completed in August, 2013. It uses thin-film PV panels bought from Solar Frontier (CIGS type) and First Solar (CdTe type).

Phase 1 had a nameplate capacity of 60 MW and was connected to the grid in December, 2012.

enXco has signed a 25-year Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) for the production from the station.

That clean electricity could offset roughly 74,000 tons of carbon emissions each year.

Copper indium gallium selenide
Copper indium gallium (di)selenide (CIGS) is a I-III-VI2 semiconductor material composed of copper, indium, gallium, and selenium. The material is a solid solution of copper indium selenide (often abbreviated "CIS") and copper gallium selenide. It has a chemical formula of CuIn1−xGaxSe2, where the value of x can vary from 0 (pure copper indium selenide) to 1 (pure copper gallium selenide). CIGS is a tetrahedrally bonded semiconductor, with the chalcopyrite crystal structure, and a bandgap varying continuously with x from about 1.0 eV (for copper indium selenide) to about 1.7 eV (for copper gallium selenide).
St Mary's Church, Barnsley
St Mary's Church is an active parish church in the town of Barnsley, within the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley, South Yorkshire, England. Built in the year 1400, the church is located on Church Lane and is directly next to the college and town hall. The church is used for hosting religious services and Barnsley College uses it for music performances and events. It is a Grade II* listed building.

Barnsley College
Barnsley College is a further education college just outside the town centre of Barnsley, England. It has several campuses, including the SciTech Digital Innovation Centre and The Electric Theatre. The college provides A Levels, apprenticeships and vocational courses for students.

Upon its last Ofsted inspection, the college was awarded the grade of Outstanding, the highest grade available; further to this award the college was also deemed The best college in the UK by Ofsted officials.
Michael Donnelly (politician)
Michael Patrick Donnelly was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician, who was a member of Seanad Éireann from 1977 to 1981. He was elected to the Seanad by the Administrative Panel on 7 December 1977, in a by-election caused by the death of Jack Garrett.

An accountant Donnelly was first elected to Dublin City Council in 1985 and remained a member until he lost his seat in 2009. From 1990 to 1991 he held the office of Lord Mayor of Dublin. His son, Daniel, was an unsuccessful Fianna Fáil candidate in the 2014 local elections.

He is a descendant of Eamon Donnelly a chief organiser for Sinn Féin and later Fianna Fáil and subsequently a Teachta Dála (TD) for Leix–Offaly from 1933 to 1937.

Laois–Offaly
Laois–Offaly (formerly King's County–Queen's County, Leix–Offaly and Laoighis–Offaly) was a parliamentary constituency which was represented in Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas (the legislature of Ireland), from 1921 to 2016 and again from 2020 to 2024. The constituency elected deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Leury García
Leury García (born March 18, 1991) is a Dominican professional baseball utility player who is a free agent. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Texas Rangers and Chicago White Sox. While primarily used as an infielder and center fielder, Garcia has experience at every position except catcher and first base.

Batted ball
In the sports of baseball and softball, a batted ball is a pitch that has been contacted by the batter's bat. Batted balls are either fair or foul, and can be characterized as a fly ball, pop-up, line drive, or ground ball.  In baseball, a foul ball counts as a strike against the batter, unless there are already two strikes on the batter, with special rules applying to foul tips and foul bunts. Fly balls are those hit in an arcing manner, with pop-ups being a subset of fly balls that do not travel far.  Line drives are batted balls hit on a straight line trajectory, while ground balls are hit at a low trajectory, contact the ground shortly after being hit, and then either roll or bounce.  Batted balls, especially line drives, can present a hazard to players, umpires, and spectators, as people have been seriously injured or killed after being struck by batted balls.
Bromine water
Bromine water is an oxidizing, intense brown mixture containing diatomic bromine (Br2) dissolved in water (H2O).  It is often used as a reactive in chemical assays of recognition for substances which react with bromine in an aqueous environment with the halogenation mechanism, mainly unsaturated carbon compounds (carbon compounds with 1 or more double or triple bond(s)). The most common compounds that react well with bromine water are phenols, alkenes, enols, the acetyl group, aniline, and glucose. In addition, bromine water is commonly used to test for the presence of an alkene which contains a double covalent bond, reacting with the bromine water, changing its color from an intense yellow to a colorless solution. Bromine water is also commonly used to check for the presence of an aldehyde group in compounds. In this reaction, the color of bromine water is changed to yellow from colorless (oxidation process).

Enol
In organic chemistry, enols are a type of functional group or intermediate in organic chemistry. Formally, enols are derivatives of vinyl alcohol, with a C=C−OH connectivity.  The term enol is an abbreviation of alkenol, a portmanteau deriving from "-ene"/"alkene" and "-ol"/"alcohol".

Keto–enol tautomerism refers to a chemical equilibrium between a "keto" form (a carbonyl, named for the common ketone case) and an enol. The tautomeric interconversion involves hydrogen atom movement and the reorganisation of bonding electrons.

Many kinds of enols are known, but very few are stable compounds.  However, deprotonation of organic carbonyls gives enolate anions, which are important in organic reaction strategies as a strong nucleophile.
Gu Xiaobing
Gu Xiaobing (Chinese: 谷笑冰; pinyin: Gǔ Xiàobīng; born July 12, 1985) is a Chinese chess player. She was awarded by FIDE the title of Woman Grandmaster (WGM) in 2003.

Gu competed in the Women's World Chess Championship in 2001 and 2012.

She was in the FIDE Top 20 Girls rating list from January 2003 to January 2004.

She achieved the norms required for the WGM title in the Women's Zonal 3.3 Championship in 2001, 2001 World Junior Girls Championship and Women's Chinese Chess Championship in 2002.

Gu finished runner-up to Elisabeth Pähtz in the World Junior Girls Championship 2005 in Istanbul, Turkey.
In January 2016, Gu won the Australian Women's Masters, a round-robin tournament held in Melbourne, Australia.
She is the director of Yangzhou Yunhe Chess Academy since 2013.

Norm (chess)
A norm in chess is a high level of performance in a chess tournament. The level of performance is typically measured in tournament performance rating above a certain threshold (for instance, 2600 for Grandmaster (GM) norm), and there is a requirement on the level of tournament, for instance by a prescribed minimal number of participants of given title/level one meets. Several norms are among the requirements to receive a title such as GM from FIDE.
Antin Sielava
Anton Anastas Sielava (Belarusian: Антон  Анастас Сялява, Ukrainian: Антін Селява, Polish: Antoni Sielawa) (1583 – 5 October 1655) was the "Metropolitan of Kiev, Galicia and all Ruthenia" in the Ruthenian Uniate Church — a sui juris Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Holy See. He reigned from 1641 until his death in 1655.

Sui iuris
In Catholic canon law and secular law, sui iuris (/ˈsuːaɪ ˈdʒʊərɪs/), also spelled sui juris, refers to legal self-rule. The term church sui iuris is used in the Catholic Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches (CCEO) to denote the autonomous churches in Catholic communion.
Vrigne-aux-Bois
Vrigne-aux-Bois is a commune in the Ardennes department in northern France. It is located 14 kilometers from the neighboring town of Sedan. On 1 January 2017, the former commune of Bosseval-et-Briancourt was merged into Vrigne-aux-Bois.

Ardennes (department)
Ardennes (French: [aʁdɛn] ⓘ) is a department in the Grand Est region of northeastern France named after the broader Ardennes. Its prefecture is the town Charleville-Mézières. The department has 270,582 inhabitants. The inhabitants of the department are known as Ardennais or Ardennaises.
Ultra Brasil
Ultra Brasil is an outdoor electronic music festival that is a part of Ultra Music Festival's worldwide expansion, which has now spread to twenty countries. Ultra Brasil debuted in November 2008 in São Paulo and Belo Horizonte, Brazil. In 2016, Ultra Brasil took place at the Sambodromo in Rio de Janeiro, Brasil during 14–15 October 2016. The 2017 edition of Ultra Brasil has been announced to take place at the Sambodromo in Rio de Janeiro during 12–14 October 2017.

Carl Cox
Carl Andrew Cox (born 29 July 1962) is a British house and techno club DJ, radio DJ, motorsport team owner and record producer. He lives in Frankston, Victoria, Australia.

Cox has won and been nominated for numerous awards. He has performed at numerous clubs and electronic music or dance events worldwide. He hosted a residency known as "Music is Revolution" every summer season at the Space Ibiza nightclub, from 2001 to 2016. He has featured his own "Carl Cox & Friends" stage at many festivals such as Ultra Music Festival, The BPM Festival and Tomorrowland. Cox has also served as a monthly DJ for BBC Radio 1's Essential Mix.

He runs the record label Intec Digital, which was founded around 1998 as Intec Records. Cox also had his own radio show and podcast, entitled Global, which he ran nearly 16 years, from 2001 until February 2017. In 2018, he founded Awesome Soundwave, a record label focused on live electronic music artists, with live artist and producer Christopher Coe.
Joséphine Calamatta
Joséphine Calamatta (March 1, 1817 – December 10, 1893) was a French painter and engraver who painted portraits as well as symbolistic, religious and allegorical pictures.

Her work was influenced by one of her teachers, the French neo-classical painter, Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. Jean-Hippolyte Flandrin was another of her teachers. Her own pictorial voice featured striking and strong use of colour, and was reminiscent of Italian Renaissance art and paintings of the Spanish Baroque painter Bartolomé Esteban Murillo.

Bartolomé Esteban Murillo
Bartolomé Esteban Murillo (/mjʊəˈrɪloʊ, m(j)ʊˈriːoʊ/ mure-IL-oh, m(y)uu-REE-oh, Spanish: [baɾtoloˈme esˈteβam muˈɾiʎo]; late December 1617, baptised 1 January 1618 – 3 April 1682) was a Spanish Baroque painter. Although he is best known for his religious works, Murillo also produced a considerable number of paintings of contemporary women and children. These lively realistic portraits of flower girls, street urchins, and beggars constitute an extensive record of the everyday life of his times. He also painted two self-portraits, one in the Frick Collection portraying him in his 30s, and one in London's National Gallery portraying him about 20 years later. In 2017–18, the two museums held an exhibition of them.
Buzzard Run (Missouri)
Buzzard Run is a stream in Ripley County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of the Little Black River.

The stream headwaters arise at 36°40′11″N 90°38′11″W﻿ / ﻿36.66972°N 90.63639°W﻿ / 36.66972; -90.63639 about one mile west of Fairdealing just north of US Route 160 at an elevation of about 475 feet. The stream flows south and east passing under Route 160 and Missouri Route B passing south of Fairdealing. The stream flows generally south meandering under Route B repeatedly and continues to its confluence with the Little Black just north of Missouri Route 142 at 36°35′44″N 90°36′56″W﻿ / ﻿36.59556°N 90.61556°W﻿ / 36.59556; -90.61556 at an elevation of 302 feet. The confluence is about 1.5 miles north of Naylor.

Some say Buzzard Run was so named on account of buzzards in the area, while others believe the creek has the name of the local Buzzard family.

U.S. Route 160
U.S. Route 160 (US 160) is a 1,465-mile-long (2,358 km) east–west United States Numbered Highway in the Midwestern and Western United States. The western terminus of the route is at US 89 five miles (8.0 km) west of Tuba City, Arizona. The eastern terminus is at US 67 and Missouri 158 southwest of Poplar Bluff, Missouri.
Its route, if not its number, was made famous in song in 1975, as the road from Wolf Creek Pass to Pagosa Springs, Colorado in C.W. McCall's country music song "Wolf Creek Pass".
Princess Augusta of Cambridge
Princess Augusta of Cambridge (Augusta Caroline Charlotte Elizabeth Mary Sophia Louise; 19 July 1822 – 5 December 1916) was a member of the British royal family as the granddaughter of George III. She married into the Grand Ducal House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and became Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

House of Mecklenburg
The House of Mecklenburg, also known as the Nikloting dynasty, is a North German family of Polabian origin that ruled until 1918 in the Mecklenburg region, being among the longest-ruling families of Europe. Queen Juliana of the Netherlands (1909–2004), former Queen of the Netherlands (1948–1980), was an agnatic member of this house.
Gerben
Gerben is a masculine name of Germanic origin. Notable people with the name are as follows:

Gerben Broeren (born 1972), Dutch cyclist

Gerben-Jan Gerbrandy (born 1967), Dutch politician

Gerben Hellinga Jr (born 1938), Dutch writer

Gerben Jorritsma (born 1993), Dutch speed skater

Gerben Karstens (1942–2022), Dutch cyclist

Gerben de Knegt (born 1975), Dutch cyclist

Gerben Kuypers (born 2000), Belgian cyclist

Gerben Last (born 1985), Dutch para table tennis player

Gerben Löwik (born 1977), Dutch cyclist

Gerben Moerman (born 1976), Dutch sociologist

Gerben Mulder (born 1972), Dutch artist

Gerben Silvis (born 1976), Dutch water polo player

Gerben Thijssen (born 1998), Belgian cyclist

Gerben Wagenaar (1912–1993), Dutch politician

Gerben Wiersma (born 1977), Dutch artistic gymnastics coach

Gerben Wynia (born 1958), Dutch writer

Gerben Zylstra (born 1959), American biochemist

Gerben Wagenaar
Gerben Wagenaar (Amsterdam, 27 September 1912 – Amsterdam, 31 August 1993) was a Dutch politician.

He was a member of the Communist Party of the Netherlands (CPN).

After the Nazis conquered the Netherlands, he became a member of the Dutch resistance.
2011 Yunnan earthquake
The 2011 Yunnan earthquake was a 5.4 magnitude earthquake that occurred on 10 March 2011 at 12:58 CST, with its epicenter in Yingjiang County, Yunnan, People's Republic of China, near the Burmese border. A total of 26 people died and 313 were injured with 133 in serious condition. China's Xinhua reports that up to seven aftershocks, measuring up to a magnitude of 4.7, followed the initial quake, which caused a total of 127,000 people to be evacuated to nearby shelters. It joined over 1,000 other minor tremors that affected the region in the two preceding months. Following damage surveys, officials reported that 1,039 buildings were destroyed and 4,994 more were seriously damaged. The earthquake occurred one day before a much larger earthquake struck Japan that triggered a tsunami.

Time in China
The time in China follows a single standard time offset of UTC+08:00, where Beijing is located, even though the country spans five geographical time zones. It is the largest sovereign nation in the world that officially observes only one time zone.

The nationwide standardized time is named Beijing Time (BJT; Chinese: 北京时间) domestically and China Standard Time (CST) internationally. Daylight saving time has not been observed since 1991.

China Standard Time (UTC+8) is consistent across Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau. It is also equivalent with Taiwan, Philippines, Singapore, Brunei, most of Mongolia, Malaysia, Irkutsk Time of Russia, Western Australia, and Central Indonesia.
Mikheil Kobakhidze
Mikheil Kobakhidze (Georgian: მიხეილ კობახიძე; 5 April 1939 – 13 October 2019) was a Georgian screenwriter, film director, actor and composer. He was born in Tbilisi. A Retrospective of his work was held at the 1996 Venice Film Festival.

53rd Venice International Film Festival
The 53rd annual Venice International Film Festival was held between 28 August to 7 September 1996.

Polish filmmaker Roman Polanski was the Jury President of the main competition. The Golden Lion winner was Michael Collins directed by Neil Jordan.