hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edinburgh Suburban and Southside Junction Railway
The Edinburgh Suburban and Southside Junction Railway was a railway company that built an east–west railway (known as the Edinburgh Suburban Line or more familiarly the Sub) on the southern margin of Edinburgh, Scotland, primarily to facilitate the operation of heavy goods and mineral traffic across the city. The line opened in 1884. Although its route was rural at the time, suburban development quickly caught up and passenger carryings on the line were buoyant; the passenger service operated on a circular basis through Edinburgh Waverley railway station.

Bus and tram competition hit the passenger service badly as the twentieth century progressed, and in 1962 the line closed to local passenger trains. It continues in use for freight traffic and diverted and excursion passenger trains.

There have frequently been proposals to reintroduce the local passenger service on the line, but as of 2024 there is no active commitment to do so.

Edinburgh Waverley railway station
Edinburgh Waverley (also known simply as Edinburgh; Scottish Gaelic: Waverley Dhùn Èideann) is the principal railway station serving Edinburgh, Scotland. It is the second busiest station in Scotland, after Glasgow Central. The station serves as the northern terminus of the East Coast Main Line, 393 miles 13 chains (393.16 miles; 632.7 kilometres) from London King's Cross, although some trains operated by London North Eastern Railway continue to other Scottish destinations beyond Edinburgh.
Stephen Kwadwo Osei-Nyame
Stephen Kwadwo Osei-Nyame is a Ghanaian politician and member of the first parliament of the second republic of Ghana representing Akan constituency in the Volta Region of Ghana under the membership of the National Alliance Liberals (NAL)

National Alliance of Liberals
The National Alliance of Liberals (NAL) was a political party in Ghana during the Second Republic (1969–1972). The party was formed after the ban on party politics was lifted in May 1969 and was dissolved along with all other political parties in Ghana following the coup d'état that replaced the Busia government with the National Redemption Council led by Colonel Acheampong.
John Batchelor (missionary)
John Batchelor OBE (20 March 1855 – 2 April 1944) was an English archdeacon and missionary to the Ainu people of Japan until 1941. First sent under the auspices of the Church Missionary Society of the Church of England, Batchelor lived from 1877 to 1941 among the indigenous Ainu communities in the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido. He was a charismatic and iconoclastic missionary for the Anglican Church in Japan and published highly regarded work on the language and culture of the Ainu people. Batchelor only reluctantly left Japan at the outbreak of the Second World War in the Pacific in 1941.

Project Canterbury
Project Canterbury (sometimes abbreviated as PC) is an online archive of material related to the history of Anglicanism. It was founded by Richard Mammana, Jr. in 1999 with a grant from Episcopal Church Presiding Bishop Frank T. Griswold, and is hosted by the non-profit Society of Archbishop Justus. The episcopal patron of the site was Terry Brown, retired bishop of Malaita in the Church of the Province of Melanesia; Geoffrey Rowell Bishop of Gibraltar in Europe had also served in this capacity from 1999 until his death. Volunteer transcribers prepare material for the site, which incorporates modern scholarly material, primary source texts, photographic images and engravings.
Lukiantsi
Lukiantsi (Ukrainian: Лук'янці; Russian: Лукьянцы) is a village in Kharkiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, eastern Ukraine. It is situated 31 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Kharkiv city. It belongs to Lyptsi rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Lyptsi rural hromada
Lyptsi rural territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Липецька сільська територіальна громада, romanized: Lypetska silska terytorialna hromada) is a hromada located in Kharkiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. The administrative center is Lyptsi.

The total area and population of the hromada are 362.5 square kilometres (140.0 sq mi) and 13,321 respectively.

The rural hromada was formed on 12 June 2020 by merging the Lyptsi, Vesele, Hlyboke, Slobozhanske, Lukiantsi, and Ternova village councils (silski rady; Ukrainian: сільські ради) of Kharkiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast. The first elections were held on 25 October 2020.
Hang Your Head
"Hang Your Head" is the fourth and final single from Scottish band Deacon Blue's fourth studio album, Whatever You Say, Say Nothing (1993). It was written by Ricky Ross and produced by Steve Osborne and Paul Oakenfold. The single version was released in July 1993 by Columbia Records and is very similar to the album version, except that it has a slightly longer introduction and also has a cold start in place of the album version's fade-in. This was the first Deacon Blue single release to exclude all vinyl formats. It reached a peak of number 21 on the UK Singles Chart in July 1993.

Steve Osborne
Stephen John "Steve" Osborne (born 1963) is a British record producer, living in Bath, England. He has worked with a wide variety of musicians, including Suede, the B-52s, A-ha, New Order, Elbow, U2, Happy Mondays, Placebo, Gregory Porter, Doves, KT Tunstall, Vanessa Carlton, and Simple Minds.
Ledge of President John Fitzgerald Kennedy
The Ledge of President John Fitzgerald Kennedy (French: Corniche du président-John-Fitzgerald-Kennedy; locally dubbed La Corniche) is a street in the 7th arrondissement of Marseille, France. It runs along the Mediterranean coast from the beach at Les Catalans in the city centre to Promenade Georges Pompidou and the Plages du Prado in the south, at the limit with the 8th arrondissement. It was named after US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy the year of his assassination, in 1963.

Frioul archipelago
The Frioul archipelago (Occitan: Arxipèla de Friòl) is a group of four islands located off the Mediterranean coast of France, approximately 4 kilometres (2 miles) from Marseille. They form part of the city's 7th arrondissement. The islands of the archipelago cover a total land area of approximately 200 hectares. According to the 2015 census, the population was 146.

The islands of Pomègues and Ratonneau are connected by a mole, Digue de Berry, built in 1822.
Butylitsy
Butylitsy (Russian: Буты́лицы) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Butylitskoye Rural Settlement, Melenkovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,171 as of 2010. There are 10 streets.

Vladimir Oblast
Vladimir Oblast (Russian: Влади́мирская о́бласть, romanized: Vladimirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Vladimir, which is located 190 kilometers (120 mi) east of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 1,443,693.

The UNESCO World Heritage List includes the 12th-century cathedrals of Vladimir, Suzdal, Bogolyubovo, and Kideksha.
No Place (song)
"No Place" is a song by Australian alternative dance group Rüfüs Du Sol. The song was released on 25 May 2018 as the lead single from the group's third studio album Solace. It is also the first release after the group's formal name change to Rüfüs Du Sol, which they previously went by in North America only. The group said: "'No Place' is the first piece of music from an album we've been working on solidly for over a year now. It took about a year to find the song we felt right about as the first piece of music from this record. We knew as soon as we heard it come out of the speakers that this was how we wanted to greet people this time around. It feels good to be back."

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2018, "No Place" was nominated for two awards; Best Group and Best Dance Release.

Alternative dance
Alternative dance (also known as indie dance or underground dance in the United States) is a musical genre that mixes alternative rock with electronic dance music. Although largely confined to the British Isles, it has gained worldwide exposure through acts such as New Order in the 1980s and the Prodigy in the 1990s.
American Airlines Flight 63 (October 1943)
American Airlines Flight 63 was an American Airlines DC-3 nicknamed the Flagship Missouri that crashed on October 15, 1943, near Centerville, Tennessee, after ice formed on its wings and propeller. All eight passengers and three crewmembers died. This was the second fatal crash of an aircraft designated Flight 63, occurring 2+1⁄2 months after the crash of the Flagship Missouri’s sister ship, the Flagship Ohio.

Atmospheric icing
Atmospheric icing occurs in the atmosphere when water droplets suspended in air freeze on objects they come in contact with. It is not the same as freezing rain, which is caused directly by precipitation.

Atmospheric icing occurs on aircraft, towers, wind turbines, boats, oil rigs, and trees. Unmanned aircraft are particularly sensitive to icing.  In cold climates, particularly those at higher elevations, atmospheric icing is common in winter as elevated terrain interacts with supercooled clouds that can cause icing on contact. Ice loads are a major cause of catastrophic failures of overhead electrical power lines, as power lines can break under the weight of accumulated ice. Therefore, estimation of maximum potential ice load is crucial in the structural design of power line systems to withstand ice loads, and this can be done with numerical icing models and examples that include meteorological data.
Canberra Centenary Column
The Canberra Centenary Column is a sculpture in City Hill, Canberra, Australia. It was built to commemorate the city's centenary, and unveiled on 11 March 2014.

The sculpture is an 8.5-metre (28 ft) stainless steel obelisk on a 5-metre-wide (16 ft) granite-dressed concrete base. The top of the base is inlaid with glass tiles and has a steel covering etched with images depicting Canberra's 100-year history. It was designed and fabricated by local artist Geoff Farquhar-Still with his team of artisans at Artillion Studio. The design was inspired by the "Commencement Column" that was proposed to have been built when Canberra was founded, but was never completed.

Encased in the base is a time capsule containing one hundred objects, both symbolic and mundane. The time capsule is intended to be opened in 100 years, during Canberra's bicentenary. The ACT Heritage Library and the National Film and Sound Archive have catalogues of the capsule's contents, and copies of some of the items.

National Film and Sound Archive
The National Film and Sound Archive of Australia (NFSA), based in Canberra and known as ScreenSound Australia from 1999 to 2004, is Australia's audiovisual archive, responsible for developing, preserving, maintaining, promoting, and providing access to a national collection of film, television, sound, radio, video games, new media, and related documents and artefacts. The collection ranges from works created in the late nineteenth century when the recorded sound and film industries were in their infancy, to those made in the present day.

The NFSA collection first started as the National Historical Film and Speaking Record Library (within the then Commonwealth National Library) in 1935, becoming an independent cultural organisation in 1984. On 3 October, Prime Minister Bob Hawke officially opened the NFSA's headquarters in Canberra.
Elle Kari
Elle Kari is a book by the Swedish writer Elly Jannes with photos by Anna Riwkin-Brick. In 1951 the book was published by Rabén & Sjögren as the first book in the photo novel series Children's Everywhere. Later authors like Astrid Lindgren, Leah Goldberg, Eugénie Söderberg, Vera Forsberg and Cordelia Edvardson wrote for the same series.

Cordelia Edvardson
Cordelia Maria Edvardson (née Langgässer; 1 January 1929 – 29 October 2012) was a German-born Swedish journalist, author and Holocaust survivor. She was the Jerusalem correspondent for Svenska Dagbladet, a Swedish daily newspaper, from 1977 to 2006. Edvardson reported extensively on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, remaining a columnist for Svenska Dagbladet after leaving her post in 2006.
David Parkes Masson
Sir David Parkes Masson CIE VD FRPSL (1847 – 30 December 1915) was a British philatelist, who was one of the "Fathers of Philately" entered on the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1921. He was a wealthy banker in India, owned large estates in Malaysia, served as a British military officer, and held a number of important public offices in British India.

Philately
Philately (/fɪˈlætəli/; fih-LAT-ə-lee) is the study of postage stamps and postal history. It also refers to the collection and appreciation of stamps and other philatelic products. While closely associated with stamp collecting and the study of postage, it is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.
Spruce gum
Spruce gum is a chewing material made from the resin of spruce trees. In North America, spruce resin was chewed by Native Americans and was later introduced to the early American pioneers and was sold commercially by the 19th century, by John B. Curtis among others. It has also been used as an adhesive.  Indigenous women in North America used spruce gum to caulk seams of birch-bark canoes.

Spruce gum has been used medicinally, primarily to heal deep cuts and sores in the Dene culture. In the 1870s, Sisters of Providence located in Montreal, Canada, developed a spruce gum syrup for treating coughs and bronchitis.

Resin
A resin is a solid or highly viscous liquid that can be converted into a polymer. Resins may be biological or synthetic in origin, but are typically harvested from plants. Resins are mixtures of organic compounds insoluble in water, predominantly terpenes. Technically, resins should not be confused with gums, which consist predominantly of water-soluble polysaccharides, although these two terms are often interchangeable in the less formal context. Common resins include pine oleoresins, amber, hashish, frankincense, myrrh and the animal-derived resin, shellac. Resins are used in varnishes, adhesives, food additives, incenses and perfumes.

Resins protect plants from insects and pathogens, and are secreted in response to injury. Resins repel herbivores, insects, and pathogens, while the volatile phenolic compounds may attract benefactors such as predators of insects that attack the plant.
Serhii Bukovskyi
Serhii Anatoliiovych Bukovskyi (Ukrainian: Сергій Анатолійович Буковський; born 18 July 1960) is a Ukrainian documentary film director and actor. Bukovskyi is a member of the Board of the Ukrainian Association of Cinematographers and laureate of the Shevchenko National Prize. He was awarded the honorary title of Merited Artist of Ukraine in 1996 and the title People's Artist of Ukraine in 2008. Representing the critical school of Ukrainian documentary filmmaking.

Ukrainian Association of Cinematographers
The Ukrainian Association of Cinematographers (Ukrainian: Національна спілка кінематографістів України, romanized: Natsionalna spilka kinematohrafistiv Ukrainy, NSKU, НСКУ) is an organization that was established after the Order of the Council of Ministers of Ukrainian SSR in 1957.

It was named at first as Orgbureau and constitutionalised on its first organizational convocation in January 1963.

Serhii Bordeniuk is a Chairman of the Association which consists of 1223 people.

Since 2014, the Ukrainian Association of Cinematographers is awarding the annual prize for the best films of Ukrainian production.
Hasu al-Qiblawi
Hasu al-Qiblawi (Arabic: حسو العلباوي) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the al-Saan Subdistrict of the Salamiyah District of the Hama Governorate. It is one the villages of the Shaykh Hilal municipality. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Hasu al-Qiblawi had a population of 696 according to the 2004 census.

Al-Saan Subdistrict
Al-Saan Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية السعن)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Salamiyah District in Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Al-Saan Subdistrict had a population of 14,366 in the 2004 census.
Mare Crisium
Mare Crisium /ˈkrɪsiəm/ (Latin, 'Sea of Crises') is a lunar mare located in the Moon's Crisium basin, just northeast of Mare Tranquillitatis.  Mare Crisium is a basin of Nectarian age. It was formed by the flooding of basaltic lava that filled an ancient asteroid impact.

GRAIL
The Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) was an American lunar science mission in NASA's Discovery Program which used high-quality gravitational field mapping of the Moon to determine its interior structure. The two small spacecraft, GRAIL A (Ebb) and GRAIL B (Flow), were launched on 10 September 2011 aboard a single launch vehicle: the most-powerful configuration of a Delta II, the 7920H-10. GRAIL A separated from the rocket about nine minutes after launch, GRAIL B followed about eight minutes later. They arrived at their orbits around the Moon 25 hours apart. The first probe entered orbit on 31 December 2011 and the second followed on 1 January 2012. The two spacecraft impacted the Lunar surface on December 17, 2012.
Oscar G. Mayer Jr.
Oscar Gustave Mayer (March 16, 1914 – July 6, 2009) was an American business executive who served as chairman of the Oscar Mayer meat and cold cut production company headquartered in Madison, Wisconsin, the third Oscar Mayer to lead the family business, following his grandfather, company founder, Oscar F. Mayer, who died in 1955, and his father, Oscar G. Mayer Sr., who died in 1965.

Oscar Mayer
Oscar Mayer is an American meat and cold cut producer known for its hot dogs, bologna, bacon, ham, and Lunchables products. The company is a subsidiary of the Kraft Heinz Company and based in Chicago, Illinois.
Bouwel
Bouwel is a deelgemeente in the Belgian province of Antwerp; it is attached to the municipality of Grobbendonk.

The village was first mentioned in 994 or 997 as Odlobolo. Bouwel used to be owned by the Lords of Grobbendonk until 1487, when it became an independent heerlijkheid. The domain of the Bouwelhof Castle covered the northern eastern part of Bouwel.

Bouwel was an independent municipality until 1977 when it became part of Grobbendonk.

The grist mill Molen van Bouwen is a wooden windmill. The first windmill was built between 1789 and 1791, but set on fire in October 1914. In 1925, a new windmill was built. In November 1940, a sail was lost in a storm, and no longer in service after the war. In 1973, it was restored. Even though it is used as a holiday home, the wind mill is regularly in service and grinds grain.

Deelgemeente
A deelgemeente (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdeːlɣəˌmeːntə] ⓘ, literally sub-municipality), or section (French pronunciation: [sɛksjɔ̃] ⓘ), is a subdivision of a municipality in Belgium and, until March 2014, in the Netherlands as well.
Rødgrød
Rødgrød (Danish: [ˈʁœðˀˌkʁœðˀ] ⓘ), rote Grütze (German: [ˈʁoːtə ˈɡʁʏtsə] ⓘ), or rode Grütt (Low German: [ˈroʊdə ˈɡrʏt] ⓘ), meaning "red groats", is a sweet berry pudding from Denmark and Northern Germany. The name of the dish in Danish features many of the elements that make Danish pronunciation difficult for non-native speakers, so rødgrød med flødeⓘ, literally "red porridge with cream", has been a commonly used shibboleth since the early 1900s.

Shibboleth
A shibboleth (/ˈʃɪbəlɛθ, -ɪθ/ ⓘ SHIB-əl-eth, -⁠ith; Hebrew: שבלת [ʃiˈbolet]) is any custom or tradition—usually a choice of phrasing or single word—that distinguishes one group of people from another. Historically, shibboleths have been used as passwords, ways of self-identification, signals of loyalty and affinity, ways of maintaining traditional segregation, or protection from threats. It has also come to mean a moral formula held tenaciously and unreflectingly.
Frostburg State Bobcats
The Frostburg State Bobcats are the athletic teams that represent Frostburg State University, located in Frostburg, Maryland, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Bobcats compete as members of the Mountain East Conference for all sports except men's lacrosse, which is a single-sport member of the East Coast Conference, and field hockey, which is a member of the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference.

Frostburg, Maryland
Frostburg is a city in Allegany County, Maryland. It is located at the head of the Georges Creek Valley, 8 miles (13 km) west of Cumberland. The town is one of the first cities on the "National Road", US 40, and the western terminus of the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad. It is part of the Cumberland metropolitan area.

Frostburg was originally called Mount Pleasant until 1820, when the government developed a postal service, and the town was renamed Frostburg. Since 1973, the city has been served by what is now Interstate 68.

As of the 2020 census, Frostburg had a population of 7,027. In addition, 5,400 students attend Frostburg State University, a public university within the University System of Maryland.
None but Lucifer
None but Lucifer is a fantasy novel by American writers Horace L. Gold and L. Sprague de Camp. It was first published in the fantasy magazine Unknown in September 1939,  and later serialized in the revival of Galaxy Science Fiction, March–July 1994. Despite its good reception by the readership and the prominence of its authors (Gold was the founding editor of Galaxy Science Fiction, and de Camp quickly became a leading light of science fiction and fantasy during those genres' "golden age"), the book remained unpublished in book form for over sixty years, until finally issued as a trade paperback by Gateways Retro Science Fiction in 2002. It is also available as an electronic publication.

Golden Age of Science Fiction
In the history of science fiction, the Golden Age is a period in which the genre is considered to have matured in American science fiction magazines, in particular Astounding Science Fiction—the period is usually referred to as the Golden Age of science fiction as a whole, though sometimes more specifically the Golden Age of Astounding. Its beginning is marked by John W. Campbell's assumption of the editorship of Astounding in the late 1930s. The end date is less agreed upon; it is often placed in the mid-1940s, though different definitions use dates ranging from 1941 to the early 1960s. Historiographically, the Golden Age follows the pulp era and precedes the New Wave.

Other eras have also been referred to as golden ages of science fiction in specific contexts. For instance, the 1950s are considered to be the golden age of science fiction cinema. A common humorous statement is that "The Golden Age of science fiction is twelve" years old, or thereabouts.
Chulalongkorn University Auditorium
The Chulalongkorn University Auditorium is one of the main historic buildings of Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok, Thailand. It was built during 1937–1938 and was designed by Phra Phromphichit (U Laphanon) and Phra Sarotrattananimman (Sarot Sukkhayang). The building represents one of the most major examples in the development of the applied Thai style of architecture during the People's Party government; the modernist reinforced concrete structure is combined with a traditional–Thai/Khmer–influenced layered roof and decorative elements. The building is an unregistered ancient monument, and received the ASA Architectural Conservation Award in 2002.

Khana Ratsadon
The People's Party, known in Thai as Khana Ratsadon (Thai: คณะราษฎร, pronounced [kʰā.náʔ râːt.sā.dɔ̄ːn]), or simply the Khanarad (คณะราษ), was a Siamese group of military and civil officers, and later a political party, which staged a bloodless revolution against King Prajadhipok's government and transformed the country's absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy on 24 June 1932.