hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Smalman Smith
John Smalman Smith (23 August 1847 – 1913) was a British judge who served as Chief Justice of the Colony of Lagos in 1889 and as Vice President of the Royal African Society. His judicial work contributed to the growth of Nigerian law in the closing years of the nineteenth century.

Royal African Society
The Royal African Society (RAS) of the United Kingdom was founded as the African Society in 1901 to promote relations between the United Kingdom and countries in Africa. It received a royal charter in 1935, when it acquired its present name. The RAS is a not-for-profit membership organisation based in London. In addition to producing its journal African Affairs, formerly Journal of the African Society, the RAS runs programmes in business, politics, the arts and education. In 2012, the society launched the Africa Writes festival, presented in partnership with the British Library, and now the UK's most prominent celebration of contemporary literature from Africa and the diaspora.
Fort Duquesne (Minnesota)
Fort Duquesne is a historical French former fur trade post. It was built c. 1750 and was first discovered in 1983. The following year, on November 15, 1984, the site was added to the National Register of Historic Places. The site is about two miles north of Little Falls, on the west side of the Mississippi River. Since 2004, the site is part of the Charles A. Lindbergh State Park, as a result of a law passed by the Minnesota Legislature.

The fort was about 75 by 150 feet and consisted of three to five buildings. After being only used for one to two years, it was destroyed by a fire. The fort also has been described with having 13-foot wooden walls. Hand-painted bowls, glass beads, and gunflint were all discovered at the site.

Fur trade
The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals have been the most valued. Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of Siberia, northern North America, and the South Shetland and South Sandwich Islands.

Today the importance of the fur trade has diminished; it is based on pelts produced at fur farms and regulated fur-bearer trapping, but has become controversial. Animal rights organizations oppose the fur trade, citing that animals are brutally killed and sometimes skinned alive. Fur has been replaced in some clothing by synthetic imitations, for example, as in ruffs on hoods of parkas.
Delias hypomelas
Delias hypomelas is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It was described by Walter Rothschild and Karl Jordan in 1907. It is endemic to New Guinea. It has a white form named "argentata"

The wingspan is about 60–64 mm.

Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild
Lionel Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild, Baron de Rothschild (8 February 1868 – 27 August 1937), was a British banker, politician, zoologist, and soldier, who was a member of the Rothschild family. As a Zionist leader, he was presented with the Balfour Declaration, which pledged British support for a Jewish national home in Palestine. Rothschild was the president of the Board of Deputies of British Jews from 1925 to 1926.
Portrait of John Smith
Portrait of John Smith is a 1708 portrait painting by the German-British artist Godfrey Kneller depicting the English politician John Smith.

Smith was a Whig, who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer twice during the reign of Queen Anne. He was also Speaker of the House of Commons from 1705 to 1708, when he sat for Kneller.  He is depicted in full-length in his robes of office as speaker and is shown holding a copy of the Act of Union that had created the Kingdom of Great Britain. The ceremonial mace symbolising the authority of the Parliament is displayed on the table behind him.

Kneller was Britain's leading portraitist of the era and depicted many of the prominent figures of the late Stuart and early Georgian eras. The painting is now in the collection of the Tate Britain, having been acquired in 1985.

Godfrey Kneller
Sir Godfrey Kneller, 1st Baronet (born Gottfried Kniller; 8 August 1646 – 19 October 1723) was a German-born British painter. The leading portraitist in England during the late Stuart and early Georgian eras, he served as court painter to successive English and British monarchs, including Charles II of England and George I of Great Britain. Kneller also painted scientists such as Isaac Newton, foreign monarchs such as Louis XIV of France and visitors to England such as Michael Shen Fu-Tsung. A pioneer of the kit-cat portrait, he was also commissioned by William III of England to paint eight "Hampton Court Beauties" to match a similar series of paintings of Charles II's "Windsor Beauties" that had been painted by Kneller's predecessor as court painter, Peter Lely.
James D. Raisbeck
James David Raisbeck (September 29, 1936 – August 31, 2021) was an American aeronautical engineer, known for his entrepreneurship in developing products which enhance the performance of production aircraft.

Aviation Partners
Aviation Partners Inc. (API) is a Seattle-based private corporation that specializes in performance-enhancing winglet systems. The corporation was founded in 1991 and is owned by The Washington Companies.
Adesh Chauhan
Adesh Chauhan is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He is the member of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly from the BHEL Ranipur constituency in Haridwar district. He first competed in Legislative election in 2012 from Ranipur constituency. He was elected once again in 2017 for a second time in a row.

Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly
The Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly, also known as the Uttarakhand Vidhan Sabha (formerly the Uttaranchal Legislative Assembly), is a unicameral governing and law making body of Uttarakhand, one of the 28 states of India. It is seated at Dehradun, the winter capital, and Gairsain, the summer capital of Uttarakhand. The total strength of the assembly is 71 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).

As of March 2022, Pushkar Singh Dhami is the current Chief Minister of Uttarakhand and Leader of the House in the 5th Vidhan Sabha. The Speaker of the Assembly is Ritu Khanduri Bhushan. Gurmit Singh is the current Governor of Uttarakhand.
Kelly Simm
Kelly Jay Simm (born 23 April 1995) is an English artistic gymnast. She is the 2015 Summer Universiade all-around champion, vault silver medalist, and floor bronze medalist. She represented England at the 2014 Commonwealth Games and won a gold medal in the team final. She competed at the 2015 World Championships and she won the bronze medal with the team.

2015 Summer Universiade
The 2015 Summer Universiade (Korean: 2015년 하계 유니버시아드, romanized: Icheon sip-o nyeon Hagye Yunibeosiadeu), officially known as the XXVIII Summer Universiade (Korean: 제28회 하계 유니버시아드, romanized: Jeisippalhoe Hagye Yunibeosiadeu) and also known as Gwangju 2015 (Korean: 광주2015, romanized: Gwangju Icheon sip-o) was a multi-sport event for student and youth athletes sanctioned by the International University Sports Federation (FISU), held in the city of Gwangju, South Korea. It took place from July 3 to July 14, 2015.
Ulrike Leopold-Wildburger
Ulrike Leopold-Wildburger (born 1949) is an Austrian mathematical economist, applied mathematician, and operations researcher. She is a professor emeritus at the University of Graz, where she headed the department of statistics and operations research, and is a former president of the Austrian Society of Operations Research.

Applied mathematics
Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, social science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models.

In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics.
Cerro El Morado
Cerro El Morado is a mountain in the Principal Cordillera of the Andes of Central Chile. It has a height of 4,674 metres (15,335 ft) and is located in the El Morado Natural Monument of the same name.

The area is the cirque of the San Francisco Glacier and belongs to the Volcán River basin. Cerro El Morado dominates the landscape of this reserve.

San Francisco Glacier
The San Francisco Glacier is a glacier in Monumento Natural El Morado Natural Park a hundred kilometers away from Santiago, Chile. It is a tourist attraction.

The San Francisco Glacier is a temperate, mountain glacier that has hard-to-observe characteristics due to it being covered in debris. This glacier spans from elevations of 2,200 m to 3,400+ m above sea level. A ~3,000 hectare protected surrounds the San Francisco Glacier overviewed by Chile's National Forestry Corporation (CONAF), as well surrounding landmarks such as the Laguna Morales.
Miss Minnesota
The Miss Minnesota competition is the pageant that selects the representative for the state of Minnesota in the Miss America pageant. Women from Minnesota have won the Miss America crown on three occasions. The most recent winner was Gretchen Carlson in 1989.

Emma Vrieze of Park Rapids was crowned Miss Minnesota 2025 on June 20, 2025, at the Treasure Island Resort & Casino in Welch, Minnesota. She competed for the title of Miss America 2026.

Treasure Island Resort & Casino
Treasure Island Resort & Casino is a tribal casino hotel owned and operated by the Prairie Island Indian Community (PIIC) in Welch, Goodhue County, Minnesota. It is the only casino resort in southern Minnesota located on the Mississippi River. The casino’s gaming options include slot machines; video roulette, blackjack and keno; live dealer blackjack, poker and other table games; and bingo. Additional amenities to the property include a 788-room hotel (2nd-largest in Minnesota), the Treasure Island Amphitheater (outdoors - 16,000 capacity), the Island Event Center (indoors - 2,800 capacity), a marina, RV-park, a cruise yacht, an indoor waterpark, a spa, a 24-lane bowling center and arcade, and several restaurants. Employing nearly 1,500 people, Treasure Island Resort & Casino is the largest employer in Goodhue County.
John Watkins (Royal Navy officer)
Rear-Admiral John Kingdon Watkins CB OBE (24 February 1913 – 13 May 1970) was a Royal Navy officer and England international rugby union player of the 1930s.

Born in Taunton, Watkins was a Navy and Somerset wing-forward, capped three times for England in the 1939 Home Nations, the tournament's final edition before being suspended during the war.

Watkins was mentioned in dispatches serving with the Royal Navy in World War II. He held several high ranking positions after the war and in 1965 was promoted to the rank of Rear-Admiral. At his retirement in 1967, Watkins was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath for his military service.

1939 Home Nations Championship
The 1939 Home Nations Championship was the thirty-fifth series of the rugby union Home Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Five Nations, and prior to that, the Home Nations, this was the fifty-second series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Six matches were played between 21 January and 18 March. It was contested by England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

This was the last tournament that did not feature France, who had been expelled after the 1931 tournament over allegations of professionalism and administrative deficiencies. France would be readmitted later in the year, but the start of World War II in Europe in September put international rugby on hold; it would not resume until 1947. The Calcutta Cup match was the last international game before World War II. Six players who took part in the game would lose their lives during the war, while seven would return to international rugby post-war.
Theodor Scherk
Johann Theodor Scherk (8 July 1836 – 10 August 1923), generally referred to as J. T. Scherk or Theodor Scherk, was an Australian politician who represented the South Australian House of Assembly multi-member seats of East Adelaide from 1886 to 1902 and Adelaide from 1902 to 1905. He was born in Kiel, Holstein, Denmark on 8 July 1836 and migrated to South Australia in 1861.

He served for a time as president of the Adelaide German Club.

Holstein
Holstein (/ˈhoʊlstaɪn/; German: [ˈhɔlʃtaɪn] ⓘ; Northern Low Saxon: Holsteen; Danish: Holsten; Latin: Holsatia) is the region between the rivers Elbe and Eider. It is the southern half of Schleswig-Holstein, the northernmost state of Germany.

Holstein once existed as the German County of Holstein (German: Grafschaft Holstein; 811–1474), the later Duchy of Holstein (German: Herzogtum Holstein; 1474–1866), and was the northernmost territory of the Holy Roman Empire. The history of Holstein is closely intertwined with the history of the Danish Duchy of Schleswig (Danish: Slesvig). The capital of Holstein is Kiel.

Holstein's name comes from the Holcetae, a Saxon tribe mentioned by Adam of Bremen as living on the north bank of the Elbe, to the west of Hamburg. The name means "dwellers in the wood" or "hill-sitters" (Northern Low Saxon: Hol(t)saten; German: Holzsassen).
Groupie
A groupie is a fan of a particular musical group who follows the band around while they are on tour or who attends as many of their public appearances as possible, with the hope of meeting them. The term is used mostly describing young women, and sometimes men, who follow these individuals aiming to gain fame of their own, or help with behind-the-scenes work, or to initiate a relationship of some kind, intimate or otherwise. The term is also used to describe similarly enthusiastic fans of athletes, writers, and other public figures.

Athlete
An athlete is most commonly a person who competes in one or more sports involving physical strength, speed, power, or endurance. Sometimes the word "athlete" is used to refer specifically to sport of athletics competitors, i.e. including track and field and marathon runners but excluding e.g. swimmers, footballers or basketball players. However, in other contexts (mainly in the United States) it is used to refer to all athletics (physical culture) participants of any sport. For the latter definition, the word sportsperson or the gendered sportsman or sportswoman are also used. A third definition is also sometimes used, meaning anyone who is physically fit regardless of whether they compete in a sport.

Athletes may be professionals or amateurs. Most professional athletes have particularly well-developed physiques obtained by extensive physical training and strict exercise, accompanied by a strict dietary regimen.
Alwar district
Alwar district is a district in the state of Rajasthan in northern India, whose district headquarters is Alwar city. The district covers 8,337 km2. It is bound on the north by Khairthal Tijara and Kot Behror district of Rajasthan, on the east by Bharatpur district of Rajasthan and Nuh district of Haryana, on the south by Dausa district, and on the west by Jaipur district.

As of 2011, it is the third most populous district of Rajasthan (out of 33), after Jaipur and Jodhpur.

Braj Bhasha
Braj is a language within the Indo-Aryan language family spoken in the Braj region in Western Uttar Pradesh centered on Mathura. Along with Awadhi, it was one of the two predominant literary languages of North-Central India before gradually merging and contributing to the development of standardized Hindi in the 19th century. It is spoken today in its unique form in many districts of Western Uttar Pradesh, often referred to as 'Central Braj Bhasha'.

The language was historically used for Vaishnavite poetry dedicated to Krishna, whose life was associated with sites in the Braj region. There were also early prose works in terms of the hagiographical vārtā literature of the Vallabha sect.

Braj is considered by scholars to be a more conservative example of the Central Indo-Aryan languages compared to the Hindustani language, which has been influenced by Punjabi and intermediate dialects.
Rajkumar Nripendra Narayan Singha
Rajkumar Nripendra Narayan Singha (1928 – 27 January 2015) was an Indian sports administrator, national-level referee, and institution builder from Assam.

He was a scion of Ahom king Purandar Singha and the eldest son of Dandeswar Singha. He contributed to the development, organization, and building of sporting institutions in Assam in the post-independence era. His work ranged from football to cricket, field hockey, table tennis, rural sports, and administrative reforms.

Nagaon
Nagaon is a city and a municipal board in Nagaon district in the Indian state of Assam. It is situated 122.6 kilometres (76 mi) east of Guwahati. With a population of 116,355 as per 2011 census it is an AMRUT City and 4th biggest city of Assam.
Easy (Le Sserafim song)
"Easy" is a song recorded by South Korean girl group Le Sserafim for their third extended play of the same name. It was released as the EP's lead single by Source Music on February 19, 2024.

The song peaked at number three on South Korea's Circle Digital Chart, as well as number one in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan. It became the group's first entry on the US Billboard Hot 100, and their first top-ten song on the Billboard Global Excl. U.S. chart.

Circle Digital Chart
The Circle Digital Chart, previously known as the Gaon Digital Chart, is the music industry standard record chart ranking the 200 most popular singles in South Korea. It provides rankings on a weekly, monthly, and yearly basis, which is based on an aggregate of streaming, downloads and background music from major South Korean music platforms, as well as video ringback tone sales from the V Coloring app. It is a part of the Circle Chart, previously known as the Gaon Chart.
Clear Springs Tabernacle
The Clear Springs Tabernacle is a historic church revival building at the junction of Arkansas Highway 26 and Bobo Road, northeast of Antoine in rural Clark County, Arkansas.  It is an open-air wood-frame structure with a metal roof, built in 1887 by the Christian Camp Ground Association.  It is one of the few religious revival buildings of the period to survive in the state.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

View from inside

Stage

Arkansas Highway 26
Arkansas Highway 26 (AR 26) is a designation for two state highways in Arkansas, United States. One segment of 58.0 miles (93.3 km) runs from U.S. Route 371 (US 371) east of Lockesburg east to Highway 51 west of Arkadelphia. A second segment of 2.8 miles (4.5 km) runs from Interstate 30 (I-30) west of Gum Springs east to the Alcoa plant east of Gum Springs. Highway 26 also has a spur route (designated as Highway 26S), which travels mainly along the corridor of the Clark County Industrial Park south of Gum Springs.
2020–21 Football League (Greece)
The 2020–21 Football League Greece was the second season as a third-tier professional league of the Greek football league system since its restructuring and the tenth season under the name Football League after previously being known as Beta Ethniki. That was the first season after 2014–15 that the league has more than one groups. The groups are created based on geographical criteria. That was the last season of the league before their abolishment and a merger with Super League Greece 2, as a result of a new restructuring of the Greek league system. The 2020-21 season start has been delayed due to the COVID-19 second lockdown in Greece that began in November 2020.

Walkover
A walkover, also W.O. or w/o (originally two words: "walk over"), is a victory awarded to the opposing team/player, etc., if there are no other players available, or they have been disqualified, because the other contestants have forfeited or the other contestants have withdrawn from the contest. The term can apply in sport, elections or other contexts where a victory can be achieved by default. The narrow and extended meanings of "walkover" as a single word are both found from 1829. Other sports-specific variations of the term exist,  especially where walking is not involved: competitive rowing, for example, uses the term row over.
Swedish–Russian Arc-of-Meridian Expedition
The Swedish–Russian Arc-of-Meridian expedition was a scientific expedition to Svalbard that took place from 1899 to 1902. The main purpose of the mission was to measure a meridian arc, in order to determine the earth flattening at the poles.

The measurements were done by establishing a chain of triangulation points from Keilhaufjellet in Sørkapp Land to Vesle Tavleøya north of Nordaustlandet. The Russians were responsible for the southern measurements, while the Swedes performed the northern measurements from a base at Crozierpynten on the eastern side of Sorgfjorden.

A total arc of 4° 10' was measured.

The expedition also took the first photographs of the aurora.

Crozierpynten
Crozierpynten is a headland in Ny-Friesland at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is located north of Heclahamna at the eastern side of Sorgfjorden. It is named after lieutenant Crozier, member of an Arctic expedition in 1827.
Woman's Club of Morristown
51 South Street, Morristown, NJ 07960 https://wcomt.org/

The Woman's Club of Morristown is a non-profit, non-political, and non-sectarian organization whose purpose is to promote improvements within the community; to offer civic, cultural and educational activities; and to maintain and preserve the historic Dr. Lewis Condict House.  Membership is open to women living or working in the greater Morristown, NJ, area.

Notable members included suffragist Alison Turnbull Hopkins and farmer and philanthropist Caroline Rose Foster.

In 2003, the National Park Service listed the WCOMT in "Properties Associated with the Women's Rights Movement" as part of a Women's Rights National History Trail Feasibility Study.

Feminism in the United States
Feminism is aimed at defining, establishing, and defending a state of equal political, economic, cultural, and social rights for women. It has had a massive influence on American politics.  Feminism in the United States is often divided chronologically into first-wave, second-wave, third-wave, and fourth-wave feminism.

As of 2025, the United States is ranked 42nd in the world on gender equality, according to the Global Gender Gap Report published by the World Economic Forum.
Taisho University
Taisho University (大正大学, Taishō daigaku) is a private university in Nishi-sugamo, Toshima, Tokyo, Japan. The university was founded in the last year of the Taishō period (1926) by merging the three Buddhist colleges. 
The three were:

the Tendai-shū College (天台宗大学, Tendai-shū daigaku, founded in 1885),

the Buzan College (豊山大学, Buzan daigaku, founded in 1887 and funded by Shingon-shū Buzan-ha), and

the Religious College (宗教大学, Shūkyō daigaku, founded in 1887 and funded by Jōdo-shū).

Its school precepts are based on the Tendai school of Buddhism. The concept for the university began when five doctors—Junjiro Takakusu, Masaharu Anesaki, Eun Maeda, Senshō Murakami and Masataro Sawayanagi—who were leaders of Buddhist society in Japan, proposed creating a Buddhist university union.

Taishō era
The Taishō era (大正時代, Taishō jidai; [taiɕoː dʑidai] ⓘ) was a period in the history of Japan dating from July 30, 1912 to December 25, 1926, coinciding with the reign of Emperor Taishō. The new emperor brought on the shift in political power from the old oligarchic group of elder statesmen (or genrō) to the Imperial Diet of Japan and the democratic parties. Thus, the era is considered the time of the liberal movement known as Taishō Democracy; it is usually distinguished from the preceding chaotic Meiji era and the following militaristic-driven first part of the Shōwa era.