hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James M. Young
James Marvin Young (December 2, 1843 – November 30, 1913) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Young received his country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor. Young's medal was won for his heroism in the Battle of the Wilderness during the Overland Campaign in Virginia on May 6, 1864. He was honored with the award on April 2, 1898.

Young was born in Ellicott, New York,  and entered service in Chautauqua County, New York.

After the war, he worked as a policeman in Jamestown for 30 years. He died at his home there on November 30, 1913. He was buried in Lake View Cemetery.

Chautauqua County, New York
Chautauqua County is the westernmost county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 127,657. Its county seat is Mayville, and its largest city is Jamestown. Its name is believed to be the lone surviving remnant of the Erie language, a tongue lost in the 17th century Beaver Wars; its meaning is unknown and a subject of speculation. The county was created in 1808 and organized in 1811. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Chautauqua County comprises the Jamestown–Dunkirk–Fredonia, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located south east of Lake Erie and includes a small portion of the Cattaraugus Reservation of the Seneca.
Nelson Monument, Edinburgh
The Nelson Monument is a commemorative tower in honour of Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson, located in Edinburgh, Scotland.  It is situated on top of Calton Hill, and provides a dramatic termination to the vista along Princes Street from the west. The monument was built between 1807 and 1816 to commemorate Nelson's victory over the French and Spanish fleets at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, and his own death at the same battle. In 1852 a mechanized time ball was added, as a time signal to shipping in Leith harbour. The time ball is synchronized with the One O'Clock Gun firing from Edinburgh Castle. The monument was restored in 2009.

The Royal Navy's White Ensign and signal flags spelling out Nelson's famous message "England expects that every man will do his duty" are flown from the monument on Trafalgar Day each year.

England expects that every man will do his duty
"England expects that every man will do his duty" was a signal sent by Vice-Admiral of the Royal Navy Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, from his flagship HMS Victory as the Battle of Trafalgar was about to commence on 21 October 1805.

During the battle, as Nelson's fleet closed in on the allied fleet, he ordered Lieutenant John Pasco to signal the British fleet as soon as possible. After Pasco suggested some changes, and Nelson agreeing to them, the signal was sent at around 11:45 a.m. on 21 October 1805 and relayed using a numeric flag code known as the Telegraphic signals; or Marine vocabulary.

Although there was much confusion surrounding the precise wording of the signal in the aftermath of the battle, the significance of the victory and Nelson's death during the battle led to the phrase becoming a standard representation of a militant English spirit of courage and virtue in the face of conflict.  It has been regularly quoted, paraphrased and referenced up to the modern day.
Political positions of Jeb Bush
Jeb Bush is a Republican politician in the United States. Bush was governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007.  He was a candidate for the Republican nomination for president of the United States in the 2016 election.

Common Core
The Common Core State Standards Initiative, also known as simply Common Core, is an American, multi-state educational initiative which began in 2010 with the goal of increasing consistency across state standards, or what K–12 students throughout the United States should know in English language arts and mathematics at the conclusion of each school grade. The initiative was sponsored by the National Governors Association and the Council of Chief State School Officers.

The initiative also sought to provide states and schools with articulated expectations around the skills students graduating from high school needed in order to be prepared to enter credit-bearing courses at two- or four-year college programs or to enter the workforce.
Gaspar de la Huerta
Gaspar de la Huerta (1645–1714) was a Spanish artist  born at Campillo de Altobuey in Cuenca.

At an early age, seeking instruction in Valencia, he fell into the hands of Jesualda Sanchez, the bustling widow of Pedro Infant, a third-rate painter, who continued on her own account her husband's school for the manufacture of religious pictures. La Huerta, nevertheless, attained some skill as a draughtsman and colourist, and married the widow's well-dowered daughter. Working for moderate prices he found abundant employment in the neighbouring churches and convents.

For the Franciscans he painted the Jubilee of the Porciuncula, and for the Dominicans the picture which long served as a veil to the wondrous image of Our Lady of the Forsaken. He died at Valencia in 1714. The Museum of Valencia possesses a pleasing picture of Christ and the Virgin enthroned, the latter with the bright complexion peculiar to Valencian beauty.

Province of Cuenca
Cuenca (Spanish: [ˈkweŋka] ⓘ) is one of the five provinces of the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha. It is located in the eastern part of this autonomous community and covers 17,141 square km. It has a population of 203,841 inhabitants – the least populated of the five provinces. Its capital city is also called Cuenca.
Asa, Hardoi
Asa is a village in Tadiyawan block of Hardoi district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Located 3 km from the city of Hardoi, the village is connected to state highways and has several schools but no healthcare facilities. The main staple foods are wheat and rice. As of 2011, the population of Asa is 5,734, in 944 households.

Hardoi
Hardoi is a city and municipal board in Hardoi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Hardoi is the administrative headquarters of Hardoi district. It is also known as Prahalad Nagari. Hardoi is about 110 km from the state capital Lucknow and about 385 km from New Delhi. Hardoi is a temple town.
Alma Llanera
"Alma Llanera" ("Soul of the Plains") is a Venezuelan song, a joropo, created by Venezuelan musicians Pedro Elías Gutiérrez (composer) and Rafael Bolívar Coronado (lyricist). It was originally part of a zarzuela whose premiere was on September 19, 1914, at the Teatro Caracas. Alma Llanera has since come to be considered as Venezuela's unofficial second national anthem. Its hundredth anniversary was marked by its being declared Bien de Interés Cultural.

Bien de Interés Cultural
Bien de Interés Cultural (Basque: Kultura Intereseko Ondasun, Catalan: Bé d'Interès Cultural, Valencian: Bé d'Interés Cultural, Galician: Ben de Interese Cultural) is a category of the heritage register in Spain. The term is also used in Colombia and other Spanish-speaking countries.

The term literally means a "good of cultural interest" ("goods" in the economic sense). It includes not only material heritage (cultural property), like monuments or movable works of art, but also intangible cultural heritage, such as the Silbo Gomero language.

Some bienes enjoy international protection as World Heritage Sites or Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Filmworks XI: Secret Lives
Filmworks XI: Secret Lives features a score for film by John Zorn performed by the Masada String Trio with guest appearances from Vanessa Saft on vocals and Jamie Saft on piano. The album was released on Zorn's own label, Tzadik Records, in 2002 and contains music that Zorn wrote and recorded for Secret Lives: Hidden Children and Their Rescuers During WWII, a documentary on Jewish children hidden during the Second World War directed by Aviva Slesin. The documentary was originally to be titled Under the Wing and several sources still refer to the soundtrack under this name.

Aviva Slesin
Aviva Slesin is a documentary film-maker.

Slesin was awarded the Academy Award for Best Feature Documentary for her film The Ten Year Lunch: The Wit and Legend of the Algonquin Round Table in 1987. She is member of the Directors Guild of America and The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Slesin has been a MacDowell Fellow  and has had a retrospective of her work shown at the Sundance Film Festival She is a member of the faculty at NYU’s Tisch School of the Arts. Slesin is also a painter.
Camp Robin
Camp Robin is a rural commune in the  Central Highlands of Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ambohimahasoa, which is a part of Haute Matsiatra Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be  12803 in 2018.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 98% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crops are rice and potatoes, while other important agricultural products are peanuts and cassava. Services provide employment for 2% of the population.

Central Highlands (Madagascar)
The Central Highlands, Central High Plateau, or Hautes-Terres are a mountainous biogeographical region in central Madagascar. They include the contiguous part of the island's interior above 800 m (2,600 ft) elevation. The Central Highlands are separated from the Northern Highlands of the northern tip of Madagascar by a low-lying valley, the Mandritsara Window, which has apparently acted as a barrier to dispersal for species in the highlands, leading to species pairs such as Voalavo gymnocaudus and Voalavo antsahabensis in the Northern and Central Highlands. Species restricted to the Central Highlands include the bats Miniopterus manavi and Miniopterus sororculus; the rodents Brachyuromys betsileoensis and Voalavo antsahabensis; the tenrecs Hemicentetes nigriceps and Oryzorictes tetradactylus; and the lemur Cheirogaleus sibreei. Because of the continuous habitat of the Central Highlands, there is little local endemism, unlike the Northern Highlands.
2003 Speed World Challenge
The 2003 Speed World Challenge season was the 14th season of the Sports Car Club of America's World Challenge series.  The series' title sponsor was television network Speed Channel, who televised all the races. Championships were awarded for grand touring and touring cars.  It began on March 14 and ran for ten rounds. Randy Pobst and Audi won the championships in GT, and Bill Auberlen and BMW won in Touring Car. The series would head to Puerto Rico for 2003, their first race outside of North America (i.e. the United States and Canada) since 1991 when they went to Mexico.

Randy Pobst
Randy Franklin Pobst (born June 26, 1957, in Dayton, Ohio), also known as "RFP" or "The Rocket," is an American race car driver and journalist for Motor Trend magazine.

Active in the SCCA World Challenge GT series and the Grand American series' GT class, Pobst was the 2003, 2007, 2008, and 2010 SCCA World Challenge GT champion, the 1996 North American Touring Car Championship title winner, and the 2005, 2006 and 2007 SCCA World Challenge TC vice-champion. He is also a two-time class winner of the 24 Hours of Daytona, in 2001 and 2006.

Pobst has more than 90 pro wins. He is currently a Mazda, Volvo, Audi and Porsche factory supported driver.
Sweet Sixteen (Sarah Geronimo album)
Sweet Sixteen is the second studio album by the Filipino singer Sarah Geronimo, released in the Philippines on November 16, 2004, by Viva Records. To date, the album has reached triple platinum status by the Philippine Association of the Record Industry (PARI), selling more than 120,000+ copies in the Philippines.

You Don't Know Me (Cindy Walker song)
"You Don't Know Me" is a song written by Eddy Arnold and Cindy Walker in 1955. It was first recorded by Arnold that year and released as a single on April 21, 1956, on RCA Victor.

The best-selling version of "You Don't Know Me" was recorded by Ray Charles, who took it to number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1962, after releasing the song on his number 1 album Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music. The first version to make the Billboard charts was recorded by Jerry Vale in 1956, peaking at number 14 on the pop chart. Arnold's version charted two months later. It was released as an RCA Victor single, 47–6502, backed with "The Rockin' Mockin' Bird" which reached number 10 on the Billboard country chart. Cash Box magazine, which combined all best-selling versions at one position, included a version by Carmen McRae that never appeared in the Billboard Top 100 Sides listing.
The Sheep-Pig
The Sheep-Pig, or Babe, the Gallant Pig in the United States, is a 1983 children's novel by British author Dick King-Smith, first published by Gollancz with illustrations by Mary Rayner. Set in rural England, where King-Smith spent twenty years as a farmer, it features a lone pig on a sheep farm. King-Smith won the 1984 Guardian Children's Fiction Award, a once-in-a-lifetime book award judged by a panel of British children's writers.

Crown published the first US edition in 1985, retaining the Rayner illustrations. There have been dozens of English-language editions and translations in fifteen other languages, primarily in 1995 and later, sometimes with new illustrations.

The novel was loosely adapted as the 1995 film Babe.

Guardian Children's Fiction Prize
The Guardian Children's Fiction Prize or Guardian Award was a literary award that annually recognised one fiction book written for children or young adults (at least age eight) and published in the United Kingdom. It was conferred upon the author of the book by The Guardian newspaper, which established it in 1965 and inaugurated it in 1967 (1967). It was a lifetime award in that previous winners were not eligible. At least from 2000 the prize was £1,500. The prize was apparently discontinued after 2016 (2016), though no formal announcement appears to have been made.
Uda (surname)
Uda (written: 宇田) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arua Uda (born 1974), Papua New Guinean cricketer

Emperor Uda (宇多天皇, 866–931), the 59th emperor of Japan

Emperor Go-Uda (後宇多天皇, 1267–1324), the 91st emperor of Japan

Hideki Uda (宇田 秀生, born 1987), Japanese Paralympic triathlete

Kōnosuke Uda (宇田 鋼之介, born 1966), Japanese anime director

Shintaro Uda (宇田 新太郎, 1896–1976), Japanese inventor

Takatsugu Uda (宇田 崇二, born 1991), Japanese cross-country skier

Yuka Uda (宇田 由香, 1982–2010), Japanese road cyclist

Yukiya Uda (宇田 幸矢, born 2001), Japanese table tennis player

Yukiya Uda
Yukiya Uda (宇田 幸矢, Uda Yukiya; born 6 August 2001) is a Japanese table tennis player. He is also a member of the JOC Elite Academy (JOCエリートアカデミー) in Tokyo.

He won the mixed doubles title at the 2019 World Junior Table Tennis Championships with Miyuu Kihara. In 2020, Yukiya won the 2020 Japanese National title, defeating Harimoto in the finals.
1999–2000 FIS Cross-Country World Cup
The 1999–2000 FIS Cross-Country World Cup was the 19th official World Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women. The season began on 27 November 1999 in Kiruna, Sweden and finished on 19 March 2000 in Bormio, Italy. Johann Mühlegg of Spain won the men's cup, and Bente Skari of Norway won the women's.

The 1999–2000 World Cup season is the only season where a Middle Distance Cup has been arranged.

Kiruna
Kiruna (Swedish: [ˈkǐːrʉna]; Northern Sami: Giron [ˈkiron]; Finnish: Kiiruna [ˈkiːrunɑ]; Meänkieli: Kieruna) is the northernmost city in Sweden, situated in the province of Lapland. It had 17,002 inhabitants in 2016 and is the seat of Kiruna Municipality (population: 23,167 in 2016) in Norrbotten County. The city was originally built in the 1890s to serve the Kiruna Mine.

The Esrange Space Center was established in Kiruna in the 1960s. Also in Kiruna are the Institute of Space Physics and Luleå University of Technology's Department of Space Science.
Rosscarrock
Rosscarrock is a residential neighbourhood in the southwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is bounded to the north by Bow Trail to the east by 33 Street W, to the south by 17 Avenue S and to the west by 45 Street W. The Westbrook Mall is located in the northeast corner of the neighbourhood, and it is bordered by the Shaganappi golf course.

Rosscarrock was established in 1954. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 8 councillor.

Residential area
A residential area is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas.

Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing, multi-family residential, or mobile homes. Zoning for residential use may permit some services or work opportunities or may totally exclude business and industry. It may permit high density land use or only permit low density uses.  Residential zoning usually includes a smaller FAR (floor area ratio) than business, commercial or industrial/manufacturing zoning. The area may be large or small.
1839 Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district special election
On November 20, 1839, a special election was held in Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district to fill a vacancy caused by the death of William W. Potter (D) on October 28 of that year, before the start of the first session of the 26th Congress.

Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district
Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district is located in the southwestern part of the state and includes all of Fayette County, Greene County, and Washington County, and most of Indiana, Westmoreland, and Somerset counties. It is represented by Republican Guy Reschenthaler.

Before 2018, the 14th district included the entire city of Pittsburgh and parts of surrounding suburbs. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania redrew the district in February 2018 after ruling the previous map unconstitutional. The 14th and 18th districts swapped names and had their boundaries adjusted for the 2018 elections and representation thereafter.
Estadio Agustín Sánchez
Estadio Agustín Muquita Sánchez is a football stadium in Panamá Oeste Province, Panama which hosts Liga Panameña de Fútbol teams San Francisco and Independiente, as well as other teams and local competitions from the La Chorrera district.

Formerly the stadium had slightly smaller dimensions and natural turf, but it was still used for ANAPROF games. In 2008, a joint effort from the Panamanian government and the national sport institute (INDE) spent $1,997,192 in installing artificial turf to the field, increase its dimensions to 105×68 m, seating capacity and also adding a better lighting system. The Muquita is certified a 1 to 2 star FIFA stadium rating.

The first official game in the renewed stadium was played on Friday March 27, 2009 when San Francisco defeated 2–1 Atlético Veragüense for the 2009 Liga Panameña de Fútbol championship. The first goal of the stadium was scored by Victor Herrera of San Francisco.

Atlético Veragüense
Atlético Veragüense is a Panamanian football team playing in the Liga Panameña de Fútbol. It is based in Santiago de Veraguas in Veraguas province. Its home stadium is Estadio Aristocles Castillo. The team was previously known as La Primavera.
The Flintstones: Jogging Fever
Jogging Fever is a 1981 animated television special and the fourth and final of The Flintstone Special limited-run prime time revival of The Flintstones produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions which premiered on NBC on October 11, 1981.

Jogging Fever was animated at Filman, an animation studio in Madrid, Spain (headed by Carlos Alfonso and Juan Pina) who did much animation work for Hanna-Barbera between the early 1970s through the mid-1980s. This was also notable for being the final television special to feature Hanna-Barbera's controversial studio-made laugh track, which was used throughout the 1970s.

Prime time
Prime time (sometimes spelled primetime), or peak time, is the block of broadcast programming taking place during the middle of the evening for television shows. It is mostly targeted towards adults (and sometimes families). It is used by the major television networks to broadcast their season's nightly programming. The term prime-time is often defined in terms of a fixed time period—for example, (in the United States), from 8:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. (Eastern and Pacific Time) or 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. (Central and Mountain Time). In India and some Middle Eastern countries, prime time consists of programmes that are aired on television between 8:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m. local time.
Bulan (Khazar)
Bulan (meaning "elk" or "hart" in Old Turkic) was a Khazar ruler, and the founder of the Bulanid dynasty. He is usually identified as being the same with Sabriel, the king who led the Khazar conversion to Judaism, and thus he is sometimes referred to as Bulan Sabriel.

Hart (deer)
A hart is a male red deer, synonymous with stag and used in contrast to the female hind; its use may now be considered mostly poetic or archaic, although for example it remains in use in the name of inns and pubs. The word comes from Middle English hert, from Old English heorot; compare Frisian hart, Dutch hert, German Hirsch, and Swedish, Norwegian, and Danish hjort, all meaning "deer". Heorot is given as the name of Hrothgar's mead hall in the Old English epic Beowulf.

Historically, hart has also been used generically to mean "deer, antelope", as in the royal antelope, which Willem Bosman called "the king of the harts". The word hart was also sometimes used in the past specifically to describe a stag of more than five years.
Liesegang rings (geology)
Liesegang rings (/ˈliːzəɡɑːŋ/; also called Liesegangen rings or Liesegang bands) are colored bands of cement observed in sedimentary rocks that typically cut across bedding.  These secondary (diagenetic) sedimentary structures exhibit bands of (authigenic) minerals that are arranged in a regular repeating pattern.    Liesegang rings are distinguishable from other sedimentary structures by their concentric or ring-like appearance.  The precise mechanism from which Liesegang rings form is not entirely known and is still under research, but there is a precipitation process that is thought to be the catalyst for Liesegang ring formation, referred to as the Ostwald-Liesegang supersaturation-nucleation-depletion cycle.  Though Liesegang rings are considered a frequent occurrence in sedimentary rocks, rings composed of iron oxide can also occur in permeable igneous and metamorphic rocks that have been chemically weathered.

Authigenesis
Authigenesis is the process whereby a mineral or sedimentary rock deposit is generated where it is found or observed. Such deposits are described as authigenic. Authigenic sedimentary minerals form during or after sedimentation by precipitation or recrystallization as opposed to detrital minerals, which are weathered by water or wind and transported to the depositional location. Authigenic sediments are the main constituents of deep sea sedimentation, compared to shallow waters or land where detrital sediments are more common.