hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Julian Moynahan
Julian Lane Moynahan (March 21, 1925 – March 21, 2014) was an American academic, librarian, literary critic, poet, and novelist. Much of Moynahan's academic work was focussed on D. H. Lawrence and Vladimir Nabokov. He was active as a book reviewer for leading publications on both sides of the Atlantic and was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1983.

Alfred Appel Jr.
Alfred Appel Jr. (January 31, 1934 – May 2, 2009) was an American professor, author and journal editor noted for his investigations into the works of Vladimir Nabokov, modern art, and jazz modernism. He edited The Annotated Lolita, an edition of Nabokov's Lolita. He also authored four other books about Nabokov, literature and music.

As a student at Cornell University, Appel took a course from Nabokov. His education was interrupted by a stint in the Army, after which he completed his undergraduate education and PhD in English Literature at Columbia University in 1963.

After teaching at Columbia for a few years, he joined the faculty of Northwestern University, where he taught until his retirement in 2000. He died of heart failure. Appel was married until his death to Nina Appel, dean of Loyola University Chicago's law school from 1983 to 2004. They had two children, Karen Oshman and television writer and producer Richard Appel.
Antoine-Augustin Auger
Antoine-Augustin Auger (8 May 1761 – 21 June 1836) was a French politician.

Born in Liancourt, Oise, he was elected an alternate member of the National Convention in 1792 after being administrator of the district of Chaumont - in effect he sat from 1793 onwards as the replacement for the dead marquis de Villette. He became secretary to the Convention in 1795 and was chosen by his colleagues on 4 brumaire that year to be a member of the Council of Five Hundred. He later entered the magistracy in which he would remain until the Bourbon Restoration.

Oise
Oise (/wɑːz/ WAHZ; French: [waz] ⓘ; Picard: Oése) is a department in the north of France. It is named after the river Oise. Inhabitants of the department are called Oisiens (French: [wazjɛ̃]) or Isariens, after the Latin name for the river, Isara. It had a population of 829,419 in 2019.
KPND
KPND (95.3 MHz) is a commercial FM radio station licensed to Deer Park, Washington, and serving the Spokane metropolitan area and the Inland Northwest.  It is owned by Blue Sky Broadcasting and it airs an Adult Album Alternative radio format, which it calls "Progressive Radio for the Inland Northwest."  KPND shares studios and offices with its sister stations at 327 Marion Avenue in Sandpoint, Idaho.

Spokane metropolitan area
The Spokane–Spokane Valley Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of Spokane and Stevens counties in Washington state, anchored by the city of Spokane and its largest suburb, Spokane Valley. As of July 1, 2021, the MSA had an estimated population of 593,466. The Spokane Metropolitan Area and the neighboring
Coeur d'Alene metropolitan area, make up the larger Spokane–Coeur d'Alene combined statistical area. The urban areas of the two MSAs largely follow the path of Interstate 90 between Spokane and Coeur d'Alene. In 2010, the Spokane–Spokane Valley MSA had a gross metropolitan product of $20.413 billion.
West End, New Rochelle, New York
The West End is a working-class neighborhood of New Rochelle, New York.

The West End's borders include Metro North's New Haven Rail Line in the south, the border with Pelham, New York on the west, Sickles Avenue on the north and Memorial Highway on the east.

Most of the West End is included in New Rochelle's Council District 1. It is home to a predominantly Hispanic population. It is home to Montefiore New Rochelle Hospital. The ZIP code is 10801.

New Rochelle, New York
New Rochelle (/rəˈʃɛl/ rə-SHEL) is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is an inner suburb of New York City, located approximately 17 miles (27 km) from Midtown Manhattan. In 2020, the city had a population of 79,726, making it the 7th-largest city and 22nd-most populous municipality in New York.
G7es torpedo
The G7es(TV) Zaunkönig (English: Wren), also known as T5 Zaunkönig or T5 torpedo, was a passive acoustic torpedo developed by Germany during World War II. The basic design was a development of the straight-running G7e, equipped with an acoustic homing seeker head developed by Atlas Werke. It got the nickname GNAT (German Navy Acoustic Torpedo) by the British.

Atlas Werke
Atlas Werke was a German shipbuilding company, located in Bremen. It was founded in 1911.

During World War I Atlas Werke built one single U 151 U-boat for the Kaiserliche Marine, the U-156.

After the war, Atlas Werke also started to make echo sounders and other nautical instruments. In 1948, Ludolf Jenckel set up a division to produce mass spectrometers, the Mess- und Analysen Technik (MAT) division. They developed the CH3 prototype (1950), the CH4 (1958) and were sold (by Krupp) in 1967 to Varian Associates. The company in Bremen was then sold to Finnigan in 1981 to form the Finnigan MAT brand which was acquired by Thermo Electron (becoming Thermo Fisher Scientific in 2006).

In 1964, Krupp acquired a majority shareholding in Atlas Werke and the electronics division was spun off as the independent company Atlas Elektronik in Bremen-Sebaldsbrück. All shipbuilding was ceased in 1969.
Fyfield, Oxfordshire
Fyfield is a village in the civil parish of Fyfield and Tubney, in the Vale of White Horse district of Oxfordshire, England. It is about 4+1⁄2 miles (7 km) west of Abingdon-on-Thames. It was part of Berkshire until the 1974 boundary changes transferred it to Oxfordshire. The village used to be on the main A420 road between Oxford and Faringdon, but a bypass now carries the main road just south of the village.

St John's College, Oxford
St John's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Founded as a men's college in 1555, it has been coeducational since 1979. Its founder, Sir Thomas White, intended to provide a source of educated Roman Catholic clerics to support the Counter-Reformation under Queen Mary.

St John's is the wealthiest college in Oxford, with assets worth over £790 million as of 2022, largely due to nineteenth-century suburban development of land in the city of Oxford of which it is the ground landlord.

The college occupies a site on St Giles' and in 2024 had a student body of 419 undergraduates and 244 postgraduates. There are over 100 academic staff, and a like number of other staff. In 2018 St John's topped the Norrington Table, the annual ranking of Oxford colleges' final results, and in 2021, St John's ranked second with a score of 79.8.
Canned tire inflator
Canned tire inflators are single-use devices intended to provide a quick, temporary solution to drivers who experience flat tires. These devices seal the punctured tire and then reinflate it with pressurized gas, providing enough pressure to allow the auto to be driven for a short period at low speed. This allows the motorist to have the damaged tire professionally repaired or replaced, avoiding the need to replace the wheel at the roadside.

Canned tire inflators contain a pressurised fluid mixture of three components:

solvents, which make the sealants adhere to the rubber tire

sealants, which temporarily seal the puncture

propellants, which push the sealant from the can and into the tire and which inflate the tire.

The sealants used in some systems can be removed with soap and water while wet, but require mineral spirits to dissolve them once they have solidified.

Sealant
Sealant is a substance used to block the passage of fluids through openings in materials, a type of mechanical seal. In building construction sealant is sometimes synonymous with caulk (especially if acrylic latex or polyurethane based) and also serve the purposes of blocking dust, sound and heat transmission. Sealants may be weak or strong, flexible or rigid, permanent or temporary. Sealants are not adhesives but some have adhesive qualities and are called adhesive-sealants or structural sealants.
2009 Silverstone GP2 Series round
The 2009 British GP2 round was the fourth round of the 2009 GP2 Series season. It was held on 20 and 21 June 2009 at Silverstone Circuit at Silverstone, United Kingdom. The race was used as a support race to the 2009 British Grand Prix.

Past Winners include 2008 champion Giorgio Pantano and runner up, Bruno Senna, who both did not compete this year. 2008 Formula One World Champion Lewis Hamilton also won in 2006.

Romain Grosjean started from Pole in the feature race, with Alberto Valerio taking a surprise second in his Piquet GP car. Both drivers got off the line well, but within five laps Valerio passed Grosjean for the lead. Grosjean continued to fall back and finished in fifth place.

Pastor Maldonado of ART Grand Prix won the sprint race from the front row, he beat Andreas Zuber off the line, and the two of them did not change their positions at the chequered flag, after a late safety car period.

Andreas Zuber
Andreas "Andi" Zuber (born 9 October 1983 in Judenburg, Austria) is a former motor racing driver. An Austrian by birth, he is based in Dubai and once raced under a licence issued by the United Arab Emirates.
1088 papal election
The 1088 papal election subsequent to the death of Pope Victor III in 1087 was held on 12 March 1088. Six cardinal-bishops, assisted by two lower-ranking cardinals, elected Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia Odon de Lagery as the new Pope. He assumed the name Urban II.

Pope Victor III
Pope Victor III (c. 1026 – 16 September 1087), born Dauferio Epifani Del Zotto, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 24 May 1086 to his death. He was the successor of Pope Gregory VII. Prior to becoming pope he had held the important post of abbot of the great monastery of Montecassino, under his monastic name of Desiderius and during those years played a historically important role.

He is the most recent lawfully elected pope to have taken the pontifical name "Victor".

In contrast with his early public life, as Pope Victor, as he had become, he made a less significant contribution. His failing health was the chief factor that made him so reluctant to accept election as pope and that  his health was in fact seriously impaired was clear when he fell ill during the ceremony of his coronation as pope.
Nindu Manishi
Nindu Manishi (transl. Complete Human) is an Indian Telugu-language action film directed by S. D. Lal, starring Sobhan Babu, Jayachithra, Kaikala Satyanarayana and Deepa. It is a remake of the Bollywood film Samaadhi. The film was released on 26 January 1978 coinciding with Republic Day.

Republic Day (India)
Republic Day is a national holiday in India commemorating the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of India and the country's transition to a republic which came into effect on 26 January 1950.

The constitution replaced the Government of India Act 1935 as the governing document of India, thus turning the nation from a dominion into a republic, following its independence from the British Raj in 1947. The constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26 November 1949 and came into effect on 26 January 1950. The date was chosen because the Indian National Congress had proclaimed Purna Swaraj (complete independence) on that date in 1930.

Republic Day is commonly associated with parades, political speeches, cultural events and ceremonies, in addition to various other public and private events celebrating the history, government, and the traditions of India.
Ministry of Justice (Vietnam)
The Ministry of Justice (MOJ, Vietnamese: Bộ Tư pháp) is a government ministry in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The MOJ is a cabinet-level agency responsible for the state management of legal and judicial affairs, including the drafting of laws, the inspection of legal documents, and the oversight of legal dissemination and education. It manages critical administrative functions such as civil status registration, nationality records, and the issuance of judicial certificates, while also regulating professional legal services like notarization, legal aid, and the licensing of lawyers. Furthermore, the Ministry is tasked with the enforcement of civil judgments and represents the Vietnamese government in international legal cooperation and mutual legal assistance, all under the direct leadership of a Minister who reports to the Prime Minister and the National Assembly.

Legal instrument
Legal instrument is a legal term of art that is used for any formally executed written document that can be formally attributed to its author, records and formally expresses a legally enforceable act, process, or contractual duty, obligation, or right, and therefore evidences that act, process, or agreement. Examples include a certificate, deed, bond, contract, will, legislative act, notarial act, court writ or process, or any law passed by a competent legislative body in domestic or international law. Many legal instruments were written under seal by affixing a wax or paper seal to the document in evidence of its legal execution and authenticity (which often removed the need for consideration in contract law). However, today, many jurisdictions have abolished the requirement for documents to be under seal in order for them to have legal effect.
Ankershagen
Ankershagen is a municipality  in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Components of the municipality Ankershagen are Ankershagen, Bocksee, Bornhof, Friedrichsfelde and Rumpshagen.

Mecklenburgische Seenplatte (district)
Mecklenburgische Seenplatte (German pronunciation: [ˈmeːklənˌbuʁɡɪʃə ˈzeːənˌplatə], lit. 'Mecklenburg Lake Plateau') is a district in the southeast of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the districts Ludwigslust-Parchim, Rostock (district), Vorpommern-Rügen, Vorpommern-Greifswald, and the state Brandenburg to the south. The district covers the largest area of all German districts and more than double the area of the state of Saarland. The district seat is the town Neubrandenburg.
Jimmy Burns
Jimmy Burns (born February 27, 1943) is an American soul blues and electric blues guitarist, singer and songwriter. Although he was born in the Mississippi Delta, Burns has spent nearly all his life in Chicago. His elder brother, Eddie "Guitar" Burns, was a Detroit blues musician.

Electric blues
Electric blues is blues music distinguished by the use of electric amplification for musical instruments.  The guitar was the first instrument to be popularly amplified and used by early pioneers T-Bone Walker in the late 1930s and John Lee Hooker and Muddy Waters in the 1940s.  Their styles developed into West Coast blues, Detroit blues, and post-World War II Chicago blues, which differed from earlier, predominantly acoustic-style blues.  By the early 1950s, Little Walter was a featured soloist on blues harmonica using a small hand-held microphone fed into a guitar amplifier.  Although it took a little longer, the electric bass guitar gradually replaced the stand-up bass by the early 1960s.  Keyboards, especially electric organs and electric pianos, later became widely used in electric blues.
Old Brown's Daughter
Old Brown's Daughter (Roud 1426) was an English music hall song, sung by Alfred Vance, and became a Newfoundland folk song. It was written by G. W. Hunt (c.1837–1904), circa 1878, although it is often wrongly credited to Johnny Burke (1851–1930). It was in the repertoire of English folk singer Walter Pardon on his 1975 album, A Proper Sort. Peter Bellamy also sang a version of Old Brown's Daughter on his 1975 self-titled album. In 1991, Damien Barber recorded the song for Fellside Records and it was released on the compilation Voices in 1992. The melody was rewritten by Newfoundland singer/songwriter Ron Hynes and Hynes' version was covered by Great Big Sea on their 1999 album, Turn.

Great Big Sea
Great Big Sea was a Canadian folk rock band from Newfoundland and Labrador, best known for performing energetic rock interpretations of traditional Newfoundland folk songs including sea shanties, which draw from the island's 500-year Irish, Scottish, and Cornish heritage. The band was very successful in Canada, with eleven of their albums being certified Gold in the country, including four being certified Platinum and two achieving multi-platinum certifications. Between 1996 and 2016, Great Big Sea was the sixteenth best-selling Canadian artist in Canada and the sixth best-selling Canadian band in Canada.

While it has been confirmed that the band has officially retired, former members Alan Doyle and Séan McCann have continued performing in their own solo careers typically including music from Great Big Sea in their setlists.
Bay of Winds
The Bay of Winds is a coastal embayment between Cape Dovers and Avalanche Rocks in Antarctica. It was discovered by the Western Base Party of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911–14, under Mawson, who so named it because of the almost constant outflow of cold dense air from the plateau into the bay.

Cape Dovers
Cape Dovers (66°29′S 97°8′E﻿ / ﻿66.483°S 97.133°E﻿ / -66.483; 97.133) is a cape fronting on the Shackleton Ice Shelf, 5 nautical miles (9 km) south of Henderson Island. It was discovered by the Western Base party of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911–1914, under Mawson, and named for G. Dovers, cartographer with the expedition.
T. G. Bharath
Tumbalam Gooty Bharath (born 5 August 1976) is an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh. He has been a member of the Telugu Desam Party since 2014. He won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Kurnool Assembly Constituency. He is currently serving as the cabinet minister in Government of Andhra Pradesh.

Telugu Desam Party
The Telugu Desam Party (abbr. TDP; transl. Party of the Telugu Land) is an Indian regional political party primarily active in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It was founded by Telugu matinée idol N. T. Rama Rao (NTR) on 29 March 1982 and has focused on supporting Telugu people. The party has won a five-time majority in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly and has emerged as the most successful political outfit in the state's history. It is currently the ruling party in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.

From 1 September 1995, the TDP was led by N. T. Rama Rao's son-in-law, Nara Chandra Babu Naidu as the national president of the party. The headquarters of the party is called N. T. R. Bhavan, which is located at Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh.
Edward T. Dicker
Edward T. Dicker (May 23, 1913 – February 15, 1981) was an American politician from Texas who represented Dallas County in the Texas House of Representatives for a single term during the 52nd Texas Legislature. He was the only Republican to serve in the Texas Legislature between 1931 and 1961.

Texas Legislature
The Texas State Legislature is the legislative branch of Texas. The Texas Legislature is a bicameral body composed of a 31-member Senate and a 150-member House of Representatives. It meets every two years in regular session, starting on the second Tuesday in January of odd-numbered years, and sessions can last up to 140 days. It’s a powerful part of the Texas government because of its control over state spending, its strong connection to the lieutenant governor, and Texas’s plural executive system.

In the 89th Legislature (2025), Republicans hold 88 of the 150 seats in the House and 20 of the 31 seats in the Senate.
Hering–Breuer reflex
The Hering–Breuer inflation reflex, named for Josef Breuer and Ewald Hering, is a reflex triggered to prevent the over-inflation of the lung. Pulmonary stretch receptors present on the wall of bronchi and bronchioles of the airways respond to excessive stretching of the lung during large inspirations.

Once activated, they send action potentials through large myelinated fibers of the vagus nerve to the inspiratory area in the medulla and apneustic center of the pons.  In response, the inspiratory area is inhibited directly and the apneustic center is inhibited from activating the inspiratory area. This inhibits inspiration, allowing expiration to occur.

The Hering–Breuer inflation reflex should not be confused with the deflation reflex discovered by the same individuals, Hering and Breuer.  The majority of this page discusses the inflation reflex; the deflation reflex is considered separately at the end.

Pons
The pons (from Latin pons, 'bridge'code: lat promoted to code: la ) is the part of the brainstem that, in humans and other mammals, lies inferior to the midbrain, superior to the medulla oblongata, and anterior to the cerebellum.

The pons is also called the pons Varoliicode: lat promoted to code: la  ('bridge of Variolus'), after the Italian anatomist and surgeon Costanzo Varolio (1543–1575). The pons contains neural pathways and nerve tracts that conduct signals from the brain down to the cerebellum and medulla, as well as pathways that carry the sensory signals up into the thalamus.
Mississippi Highway 397
Mississippi Highway 397 (MS 397) is a 33+1⁄2-mile-long (53.9 km) state highway in eastern Mississippi. Running generally in a southeast to northwest direction, it is signed north—south traveling from the De Kalb vicinity at MS 16 to Louisville at MS 14.

De Kalb, Mississippi
De Kalb is a town in and the county seat of Kemper County, Mississippi, United States. As of the 2020 census, De Kalb had a population of 877. De Kalb is named after General Johann de Kalb, a Franconian-French military officer who served as a major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War.
2022 Bendigo International – Women's singles
Lizette Cabrera was the defending champion, but chose to compete at the 2022 Melbourne Summer Set instead.

Ysaline Bonaventure won the title, defeating Victoria Jiménez Kasintseva in the final, 6–3, 6–1.

Ysaline Bonaventure
Ysaline Bonaventure (French pronunciation: [izalin bɔnavɑ̃tyʁ]; born 29 August 1994) is a Belgian former professional tennis player.
On 6 March 2023, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 81. On 1 February 2016, she peaked at No. 57 in the doubles rankings. Bonaventure won two doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as 12 singles and 14 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Playing for Belgium Fed Cup team, Bonaventure had a win–loss record of 10–9 (as of March 2024). She was selected for the Fed Cup team for the first time in 2012 when she played a doubles match alongside Alison Van Uytvanck in the World Group play-offs.
Praha-Vysočany railway station
Praha-Vysočany railway station (Czech: Železniční stanice Praha-Vysočany) is a mainline railway station located in Vysočany, Prague 9. Located at the northeastern end of Nové spojení, it is a junction between track 070, to Turnov, and track 231 to Kolín via Nymburk. Historically, trains from Nymburk terminated at the now demolished Praha-Těšnov railway station. It is located within walking distance of Vysočanská station on the Prague Metro.

Kolín
Kolín (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkoliːn] ⓘ; German: Kolin, Neu Kolin) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 33,000 inhabitants. The town is situated in a lowland on the Elbe River.

Kolín was founded in the 13th century. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation. The most significant monument is the Church of Saint Bartholomew, protected as a national cultural monument.