hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Liina Namupala
Liina Namupala (born 16 February 1958) is a Namibian politician. A member of the South West Africa People's Organization, she served as a member of National Assembly of Namibia from 2015 to 2020.

Namupala served on the Namibian Conservation Parliamentary Caucus.

SWAPO
The South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO /ˈswɑːpoʊ/; Afrikaans: Suidwes-Afrikaanse Volks Organisasie, SWAVO; German: Südwestafrikanische Volksorganisation, SWAVO), officially known as the SWAPO Party of Namibia, is a political party and former independence movement in Namibia (formerly South West Africa). Founded in 1960, it has been the governing party in Namibia since the country achieved independence in 1990. The party continues to be dominated in number and influence by the Ovambo ethnic group.

SWAPO held a two-thirds majority in parliament from 1994 to 2019. In the general election held in November 2019, the party won 65.5% of the popular vote and 63 out of the 104 seats in the National Assembly. It also holds 28 out of the 42 seats in the National Council. From November 2017 until his death in February 2024, Namibian President Hage Geingob remained the president of SWAPO after being elected to the position at the party's electoral congress.
Kay Stephenson
George Kay Stephenson (born December 17, 1944) is an American former professional football player and coach, whose latter career has seen him work in four different leagues.  Stephenson played quarterback for the American Football League's San Diego Chargers and Buffalo Bills.  He finished his playing career in 1974 in the World Football League with the Jacksonville Sharks before entering the coaching ranks.

Jacksonville Sharks (WFL)
The Jacksonville Sharks were a professional American football team based in Jacksonville, Florida which competed in the World Football League in 1974. The Sharks folded during the 1974 season due to financial difficulties, and were succeeded by the Jacksonville Express which also folded when the league ceased operations during the 1975 season.
Zora Fair
Izora (Zora) Fair was a native of South Carolina. During the American Civil War, she was a refugee in Oxford, Georgia. In November 1864, she nearly exposed General Sherman's planned "March to the Sea" to the Confederacy. She was sometimes called "Oxford's Confederate Girl Spy".

Fair disguised herself as an African-American, by staining her skin with crushed walnut hulls, and sneaked into Sherman's headquarters in Atlanta. Overhearing some officers discussing Sherman's planned route to Savannah, including the plan to divide the force into two groups, she left the headquarters and attempted to report what she had learned to Confederate General Joseph Johnston. Her letter was intercepted by the Union Army, which attempted to track her down. Sources differ as to whether or not the Union Army caught and interrogated her.

After the war, she returned to South Carolina. She died a few months later.

Oxford, Georgia
Oxford is a city in Newton County, Georgia, United States. The population was 2,308 as of the 2020 census. It is part of the Atlanta metropolitan area.

It is the location of Oxford College of Emory University. Much of the city is part of the Oxford Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places.
Nicolas Mosar
Nicolas "Nic" Mosar (25 November 1927 – 6 January 2004) was a Luxembourgish politician, jurist, and diplomat.

A Christian Social People's Party (CSV) member, Mosar was elected to the communal council of Luxembourg City in 1959, and sat in the council until 1984, including a period as an échevin.  He first entered the Chamber of Deputies in 1969, and, excluding a two-year spell out (1974–1976) after the CSV's 1974 election defeat, sat in the Chamber until 1984. During this time, he was also President of the CSV (1972–1974).

Leaving domestic politics, Mosar replaced Gaston Thorn as Luxembourg's European Commissioner in 1985, taking on the brief of European Commissioner for Energy. After four years in the job, he moved to bilateral diplomacy, becoming Luxembourg's Ambassador to Italy (1989–1992).

He died in 2004. His son, Laurent, now sits in the Chamber of Deputies and Luxembourg City council for the CSV, just as Nicolas had.

Échevin (Luxembourg)
An échevin (Luxembourgish: Schäffe; German: Schöffe), sometimes translated as alderman, is a member of the executive of a Luxembourgish commune.  Together, they form the collège échevinal (Luxembourgish: Schäfferot), which helps the mayor run the administration.  In most communes, échevins have designated roles within the administration, adopting separate briefs as in a cabinet.

Échevins are elected by the commune's council, and represent the make-up of the governing coalition.  Formally, échevins of cities are nominated by the Grand Duke, whilst those of other communes are named by the Minister for the Interior.  Échevins must be members of the communal council and hold Luxembourgish nationality.

Most communes have two échevins, but more populous ones are allowed more if granted that right by Grand Ducal decree: communes with 10,000 to 19,999 inhabitants may have 3 échevins, communes with 20,000 or more may have 4 échevins, and Luxembourg City may have up to six.
Cowielepis
Cowielepis is an extinct genus of jawless fish in the class Anaspida. It is from the Cowie Harbour fish bed (Cowie Formation) of Stonehaven, Scotland, which age is considered as the Silurian (Wenlock to Ludlow), or Early Devonian (Lochkovian).

Ludlow Epoch
In the geological timescale, the Ludlow Epoch or Mid-Late Silurian (from 426.7 ± 1.5 million years ago to 422.7 ± 1.6 million years ago) occurred during the Silurian Period, after the end of the Homerian Age. It is named for the town of Ludlow in Shropshire, England.

The Ludlow Epoch is subdivided into two stages: Gorstian and Ludfordian.
Cutbona
Cutbona (Konkani: Kutbonn) is a neighborhood located within the Velim village, neighbouring Betul.  It is situated in the Salcete taluka and falls under the South Goa district, in the Indian coastal state of Goa. It is about 17 km (11 mi) away from the Margao city. It is famous for its fishing jetty known as the Cutbona fishing jetty, which is South Goa's largest fishing hub, where over 300 trawlers operate. It is also a part of the Velim Assembly constituency.

South Goa district
South Goa district is one of the two districts that together constitute the state of Goa, India, within the region known as the Konkan. It is bounded by North Goa district to the north, while the Arabian Sea forms its western coast. It ranks among the top 25 developed districts of India. The district capital city is Margao (Madgaon), which also serves as the commercial capital of Goa.
Tom Wright (cricketer)
Tom Wright (born 1 May 1983) was an English cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-fast bowler who played for Devon. He was born in Barnstaple.

Wright, who made his cricketing debut in the 2000 38-County Cup, and who played for Devon in the Minor Counties Championship between 2000 and 2003, made two first-class appearances for the team, the first in the C&G Trophy in September 2002, and the second a year later. In the only innings in which he batted, he scored 6 runs.

Barnstaple
Barnstaple (/ˈbɑːrnstəbəl/ ⓘ or /ˈbɑːrnstəpəl/) is a town and civil parish in the North Devon district of Devon, England. The town lies at the River Taw's lowest crossing point before the Bristol Channel. From the 14th century, it was licensed to export wool from which it earned great wealth. Later it imported Irish wool, but its harbour silted up and other trades developed such as shipbuilding, foundries and sawmills. A Victorian market building survives, with a high glass and timber roof on iron columns.
ČSD Class E 499.3
ČSD Class E 499.3 electric locomotives were used primarily for passenger trains in Czechoslovakia. Locomotives which passed to České dráhy, rail operator in the Czech Republic are now classified as Class 163, those which passed to ZSSK, rail operator in Slovakia, are also Class 163.

E 499.3 locomotives operate on the 3,000 V DC system and are essentially a DC only version of the ES 499.1.

ČD Class 163.2 and some ZSSK Class 163 locomotives were rebuilt from ČD and ZSSK Class 162. This was caused by lack of fast dual system locomotives as only one Class 362 locomotive was built. This situation solved ČD by switching the bogies between locomotives of ČD Class 363 (same as ŽSR/ZSSK Class 363) and Class 162, ŽSR by switching only the speed-change box and axletrees between Class 363 and Class 162. After that procedure, the locomotives were classified ČD and ŽSR/ZSSK Class 362 and ČD Class 163.2 and ŽSR/ZSSK Class 163.

Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko
Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko, a.s. (ZSSK) ((lit. 'The Railway Company Slovakia')) is a Slovak state-owned passenger train company based in Bratislava.

In 2002 a company Železničná spoločnosť was established as a successor of personal and cargo transport part of the Železnice Slovenskej republiky. In 2005 this new company was further split into "Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko, a. s." providing Passenger transport services and "Železničná spoločnosť Cargo Slovakia, a. s." (ZSSK CARGO or ZSCS) providing cargo services.

The fleet of the Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko was partially modernised with the introduction of 8 3-car units and 2 4-car dual-voltage units of the new Škoda 7Ev EMUs.  The contract included the option for additional 5 3-car units and 10 4-car units. The company ordered in August 2021 from Škoda Transportation another nine trains for Košice region. There is also a purchase option for 11 additional trains. Further new EMUs entered service in 2023.
Vasospasm
Vasospasm refers to a condition in which an arterial spasm leads to vasoconstriction. This can lead to tissue ischemia (insufficient blood flow) and tissue death (necrosis).

Along with physical resistance, vasospasm is a main cause of ischemia. Like physical resistance, vasospasms can occur due to atherosclerosis. Vasospasm is the major cause of Prinzmetal's angina.

Cerebral vasospasm may arise in the context of subarachnoid hemorrhage as symptomatic vasospasm (or delayed cerebral ischemia), where it is a major contributor to post-operative stroke and mortality. Vasospasm typically appears 4 to 10 days after subarachnoid hemorrhage, however the relationship between radiological arterial spasm (seen on angiography) and clinical neurological deterioration is nuanced and uncertain.

Spasm
A spasm is a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ, such as the bladder.

A spasmodic muscle contraction may be caused by many medical conditions, including dystonia. Most commonly, it is a muscle cramp which is accompanied by a sudden burst of pain. A muscle cramp is usually harmless and ceases after a few minutes. It is typically caused by ion imbalance or muscle fatigue.

There are other causes of involuntary muscle contractions, and some of these may cause a health problem.

A series of spasms, or permanent spasms, is referred to as a "spasmism".
Battle of Beaumont
The Battle of Beaumont on 30 August 1870 was won by Prussia during the Franco-Prussian War.

It was fought between the French V Corps under general Pierre Louis Charles de Failly, and IV Corps under general Constantin von Alvensleben, XII Corps under Prince Georg of Saxony along with the I Royal Bavarian Corps under general Ludwig Freiherr von der Tann. The French were surprised in their cantonments and driven back upon Mouzon, with losses of 7,500 men and 42 guns to the Germans' 3,400.

Cantonment
A cantonment (/kænˈtɒnmənt/, /kænˈtoʊnmənt/, or UK: /kænˈtuːnmənt/) is a type of military base. In South Asia, a cantonment refers to a permanent military station (a term from the British Raj). In United States military parlance, a cantonment is, essentially, "a permanent residential section (i.e., barrack) of a fort or other military installation".

The word cantonment, derived from the French word canton, meaning corner or district, refers to a temporary military or winter encampment. For example, at the start of the Waterloo campaign in 1815, while the Duke of Wellington's headquarters were in Brussels, most of his Anglo–allied army of 93,000 soldiers were cantoned, or stationed, to the south of Brussels.
Malesina
Malesina (Greek: Μαλεσίνα) is a town and a former municipality in Phthiotis, Greece. Since 2011 the local government reform, it became a part of the new municipality Lokroi, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 103.712 km2. Malesina is located in the former Locris Province, in south-east Phthiotis. It is at the 125th kilometer  of Greek National Road 1. The municipal unit covers the peninsula Aetolimni. The town is surrounded by olive groves, vines and fields. The town was founded by Arvanites settlers in between 1466 and 1485  the smallest city in Greece.

Vine
A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word vine can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.

In parts of the world, including the British Isles, the term "vine" usually applies exclusively to grapevines, while the term "climber" is used for all climbing plants.
Sinoe (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Sinoe (Ancient Greek: Σινόη, romanized: Sinóe, lit. 'mischievous', Attic Greek: [siˈno.εː], from sínos, σίνος) was a nymph of Mount Sinoe in Arcadia. She was one of the nurse to the infant god, Pan. The latter was then given the surname Sinóeis (Σινόεις, [siˈno.eːs]) after her.

Attic Greek
Attic Greek is the Greek dialect of the ancient region of Attica, including the polis of Athens. Often called Classical Greek, it was the prestige dialect of the Greek world for centuries and remains the standard form of the language that is taught to students of Ancient Greek. As the basis of the Hellenistic Koine, it is the most similar of the ancient dialects to later Greek. Attic is traditionally classified as a member or sister dialect of the Ionic branch.
Walter Ophamil
Walter Ophamil or Offamil (fl. 1160–1191), italianised as Gualtiero Offamiglio or Offamilio from Latin Ophamilius, was the archdeacon of Cefalù, dean of Agrigento, and archbishop of Palermo (1168–1191), called "il primo ministro", the first minister of the crown. He came to Sicily with Peter of Blois and Stephen du Perche at the direction of Rotrou, Archbishop of Rouen, cousin of Queen Margaret of Navarre, originally as a tutor to the royal children of William I of Sicily and Margaret. His mother was Bona, a patron of the Abbey of Cluny and a devota et fidelis nostra of the king in 1172. His father is unknown. From his name he was long thought to be an Englishman ("Walter of the Mill") but this interpretation is now rejected in favour of ophamilius referring to Walter as William II's protofamiliaris, the senior confidant of the king in his royal household, the familiaris regis.

Cefalù
Cefalù (Italian: [tʃefaˈlu]; Sicilian: Cifalù), classically known as Cephaloedium (Ancient Greek: Κεφαλοίδιον, romanized: Kephaloídion), is a city and comune in the Italian Metropolitan City of Palermo, located on the Tyrrhenian coast of Sicily about 70 km (43 mi) east of the provincial capital and 185 km (115 mi) west of Messina. The town, with its population of just under 14,000, is one of the major tourist attractions in the region. Despite its size, every year it attracts millions of tourists from all parts of Sicily, and also from all over Italy and Europe. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Carmel Clark
Carmel Clark (born 1965) is a former freestyle and backstroke swimmer from New Zealand, who represented her native country in the 1984 Summer Olympics swimming events. She reached the finals in both the 100m and 200m backstroke events, coached by John Beaumont, and finished in eighth place in both finals, also finishing 28th in the 100m freestyle event.

Clark is the daughter of Tony Clark, a former Wellington rugby union representative player and later a schoolteacher. She also competed in four events in the 1986 Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, finishing fifth in the 200m backstroke and seventh in the 100m backstroke, and participating in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay in which the New Zealand team placed fifth.

1986 Commonwealth Games
The 1986 Commonwealth Games were held in Edinburgh, Scotland, between 24 July and 2 August 1986. This was the second Commonwealth Games to be held in Edinburgh. Thirty two of the eligible fifty nine countries (largely African, Asian and Caribbean states) boycotted the event because of the Thatcher government's policy of keeping Britain's sporting links with apartheid South Africa.

The Games were commemorated on the UK's first-ever £2 circulating coin, which showed a Scottish thistle upon the St. Andrew's saltire design on the reverse side of the coin.
KVFC
KVFC (740 AM) is a radio station in Cortez, Colorado broadcasting a News Talk Information format.  KVFC was among the first radio stations in the Four Corners Region, first licensed in 1955 to Cortez businessman Jack Hawkins.  Today, KVFC-AM is located on Hawkins Street in Cortez, named after the station's founder. The station is currently owned by Hutton Broadcasting, LLC,  and carries a weekday line-up of Gordon Deal, Glenn Beck, Sean Hannity, Dave Ramsey and Mark Levin, among others. It currently simulcasts with KENN (AM) in Farmington, New Mexico.

740 AM is a Canadian clear-channel frequency, on which CFZM in Toronto, Ontario is the dominant Class A station.

Dave Ramsey
David Lawrence Ramsey III (born September 3, 1960) is an American radio personality who offers financial advice. He co-hosts the nationally syndicated radio program The Ramsey Show, and is the founder and CEO of Ramsey Solutions. Ramsey has written several books, including The New York Times bestseller The Total Money Makeover, and hosted a television show on Fox Business from 2007 to 2010.
Khyex River
The Khyex River is a tributary of the Skeena River in the North Coast Regional District of the province of British Columbia, Canada. It originates in the Kitimat Ranges of the Coast Mountains, and flows south about 50 km (31 mi) to the lower tidal reach of the Skeena River, about 13 km (8.1 mi) upriver from Port Essington, 35 km (22 mi) southeast of Prince Rupert, and about 85 km (53 mi) southwest of Terrace. Its watershed covers 442 km2 (171 sq mi), and its mean annual discharge is 458.2 m3/s (16,180 cu ft/s).

Almost all of the Khyex River's watershed is contained within the Khyex Conservancy.

The Khyex River's watershed is within the asserted territory of the Tsimshian Lax-kw'alaams First Nation and the Metlakatla First Nation.

Discharge (hydrology)
In hydrology, discharge is the volumetric flow rate (volume per time, in units of m3/h or ft3/h) of a stream. It equals the product of average flow velocity (with dimension of length per time, in m/h or ft/h) and the cross-sectional area (in m2 or ft2). It includes any suspended solids (e.g. sediment), dissolved chemicals like CaCO3(aq), or biologic material (e.g. diatoms) in addition to the water itself. Terms may vary between disciplines. For example, a fluvial hydrologist studying natural river systems may define discharge as streamflow, whereas an engineer operating a reservoir system may equate it with outflow, contrasted with inflow.
Kayōkyoku
Kayōkyoku (歌謡曲; lit. 'Pop Tune') is a Japanese pop music genre, which became a base of modern J-pop. The Japan Times described kayōkyoku as "standard Japanese pop" or "Shōwa-era pop".

Kayōkyoku represents a blend of Western and Japanese musical scales. Music in this genre is extremely varied as a result. Kayōkyoku in the narrower and more practical sense, however, excludes J-pop and enka.

Unlike "J-pop" singers such as Southern All Stars' Keisuke Kuwata, the singers of the kayōkyoku genre do not use stylized pronunciations based on the English language, but prefer traditional Japanese. There are exceptions, such as in singer Momoe Yamaguchi's song "Rock 'n' Roll Widow".

Unlike enka, kayōkyoku is also not based on emotional displays of effort while singing.

Famous kayōkyoku artists include Hiroko Yakushimaru, Kyu Sakamoto, the Peanuts, the Tigers, Candies, Pink Lady, Seiko Matsuda, Junko Sakurada, the Checkers and Onyanko Club.

Keisuke Kuwata
Keisuke Kuwata (桑田 佳祐, Kuwata Keisuke; born February 26, 1956) is a Japanese multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter, and frontman for the Southern All Stars, as well of his own solo band, the Kuwata band. He has also done a significant amount of scoring music for films. He went to Aoyama Gakuin University.

In 2010, Southern All Stars was ranked No. 1, and Kuwata's solo band, the Kuwata Band, ranked No. 12 on HMV Japan's list of the top 100 musicians in Japan.

Kuwata has worked as a record producer, a movie director, has recorded albums as bandleader of his own band, the Kuwata Band, and has worked on projects scoring music to film.
Caryocolum leucomelanella
Caryocolum leucomelanella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in most of Europe, except Ireland, Great Britain, the Benelux, Portugal, Fennoscandia and the Baltic region. It is also found in Russia (the Ural Mountains and Siberia: Altai, Transbaikalia and Tuva).

The length of the forewings is 3.5–5 mm for males and 4-5.5 mm for females.

The larvae feed on Petrorhagia saxifraga, Dianthus carthusianorum, Dianthus sylvestris and possibly Dianthus gratianopolitanus and Dianthus seguieri. Pupation takes place in a cocoon on the ground at the end of April. Larvae can be found from the beginning of May to June.

Dianthus gratianopolitanus
Dianthus gratianopolitanus, commonly known as the Cheddar pink or clove pink, is a species of plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is a herbaceous perennial, hardy to zones 4–8. It grows to a height of 0.5 to 1 feet, blooming from May to June. Flowers are fragrant and rose pink. Grows best in full sun and has medium water requirements. Overwatering or poor drainage leads to crown rot, and plants do not tolerate wet winter soil conditions.

The specific epithet gratianopolitanus refers to the ancient Roman name Gratianopolis of the modern French city of Grenoble. The common name Cheddar pink refers to the fact that it's native to the Cheddar Gorge in England.

It is native to western and central Europe, from the UK to Ukraine. It became a protected species in the UK in 1975 under the Conservation of Wild Creatures and Wild Plants Act.
Yves Demers
Yves Demers (born 7 September 1938) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a Chartered Accountant by career.

Born in Laval, Quebec, Demers was elected at Duvernay electoral district in the 1972 federal election and was re-elected in the 1974, 1979 and 1980 federal elections. Demers was defeated in the 1984 federal election by Vincent Della Noce of the Progressive Conservative party. He served in the 30th, 31st and 32nd Canadian Parliaments.

1979 Canadian federal election
The 1979 Canadian federal election was held on May 22, 1979, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 31st Parliament of Canada. It resulted in the defeat of the Liberal Party of Canada after 16 years in power, 11 of them under Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. Joe Clark led the Progressive Conservative Party to power but with only a minority of seats in the House of Commons. The Liberals, however, beat the Progressive Conservatives in the overall popular vote by more than 400,000 votes (40.11% to 35.89%). Taking office on the eve of his 40th birthday, Clark became the youngest prime minister in Canadian history.