hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pyrgodesmidae
Pyrgodesmidae is a family of flat-backed millipedes in the order Polydesmida. This family is one of the largest families of millipedes, with more than 170 genera, including about 120 monotypic genera. These genera include almost 400 species.

Tergum
A tergum (Latin for "the back"; pl.: terga, associated adjective tergal) is the dorsal ('upper') portion of an arthropod segment other than the head. The anterior edge is called the 'base' and posterior edge is called the 'apex' or 'margin'. A given tergum may be divided into hardened plates or sclerites commonly referred to as tergites.

In a thoracic segment, for example, the tergum may be divided into an anterior notum and a posterior scutellum. Lateral extensions of a tergite are known as paranota (Greek for "alongside the back") or carinae (Latin for "keel"), exemplified by the flat-backed millipedes of the order Polydesmida.

Kinorhynchs have tergal and sternal plates too, though seemingly not homologous with those of arthropods.

Tergo-tergal is a stridulatory mechanism in which fine spines of the abdominal tergites are rubbed together to produce sound. This process is known as abdominal telescoping.
Kolavade
Kolavade is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.Talukas surrounding the village are Velhe taluka, Lavasa City, Temghar dam Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Bhor taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district. Nearest railway stations around the village are  Shivaji Nagar railway station, Pune railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station.

Talegaon railway station
Talegaon railway station or Talegaon station is an important railway station on the Mumbai–Pune railway route. It has two platforms, five lines and one footbridge. This is a major halt for Pune Suburban Railway trains. This station serves as terminal for Pune–Talegaon suburban trains.

The land for the construction of the Talegaon railway station was given to the British government by the Sardar Dabhade family. Now it is owned by Indian Railways. Talegaon MIDC, an industrial area, is situated nearby this station.
Gorgeous (EP)
Gorgeous is the second mini-album released by the South Korean boy band, F.Cuz. The album was released in physical and digital format on November 18, 2010.  The mini-album was also released in Japan and Taiwan on December 8, 2010 and December 16, 2010, respectively.

F.Cuz
F.Cuz (Korean: 포커즈, "Focus"), is a South Korean boy band that used to be managed by Tunes-Will Entertainment, and is now promoting as an independent group (before 2014 by CAN Entertainment). The group made their debut on January 8, 2010, with their first single, "Jiggy" on Music Bank.  F.Cuz originally debuted as a four-member group (Jinon, LeeU, Kan, and Yejun), but LeeU made his departure on August 23, 2011, to pursue a solo career.  F.Cuz promoted shortly as a three-member group in Japan, but were joined by new members Daegeon and Raehyun in 2012.  Their contract with Tunes-Will expired in September 2016, and they are now independent. The official fanclub for F.Cuz is 'For U' and their color is Twinkle Light Silver. The meaning of the group is "A five-points star" as in five members that complete F.CUZ, and "U+U = F.CUZ+FORU" as in the group and their fans being one.
Jim Salinger
Michael James Salinger CRSNZ (born 25 April 1947) is a New Zealand climate change researcher and teacher who has worked for a range of universities in his home country and around the world. He was a senior climate scientist for a Crown Research Institute, the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), and President of the Commission for Agricultural Meteorology of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). He has received several awards and other honours for his work with climate change and is involved in researching and monitoring past and current climate trends. Within his area of specialist scientific knowledge, Salinger has co-authored and edited a range of reports, articles and books. He was involved in an employment dispute and elements of his theory and practice were at the centre of a case against NIWA.

Crown Research Institute
In New Zealand, Crown Research Institutes (CRIs) are corporatised Crown entities charged with conducting scientific research. In January 2025, Prime Minister Christopher Luxon announced plans to merge the existing crown research institutes into three new Public Research Organisations (PROs).
Prashant V. Kamat
Prashant V. Kamat is a professor of chemistry and biochemistry and a principal scientist of the radiation laboratory, University of Notre Dame. He is affiliated with the department of chemical and biomolecular engineering as a concurrent professor. He earned his master's (1974) and doctoral degree (1979) in physical chemistry from Bombay University, and carried out his postdoctoral research at Boston University (1979–1981) and University of Texas at Austin (1981–1983).

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that was established in 2009 by the American Chemical Society. Originally published monthly, the journal became biweekly in 2013 and weekly in 2015. The current editor-in-chief is  Xing Yi Ling (Nanyang Technological University). The journal covers research on advanced active and passive electronic/optical materials, coatings, colloids, biomaterials and bio-interfaces, polymers, hybrid and composite materials; and friction and wear.
OpTIIX
OpTIIX (Optical Testbed and Integration on ISS eXperiment) is a NASA project to advance the state of the art in technology for the robotic assembly of optical systems, by assembling a 1.5-metre telescope on the International Space Station.

The telescope will consist of six segments, with active co-phasing and figure control to achieve performance like a single large telescope; this would be the first civilian use of this kind of segmented mirror in space.

Telescope
A telescope is a device used to observe distant objects by their emission, absorption, or reflection of electromagnetic radiation. Originally, it was an optical instrument using lenses, curved mirrors, or a combination of both to observe distant objects – an optical telescope. Nowadays, the word "telescope" is defined as a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors.

The first known practical telescopes were refracting telescopes with glass lenses and were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century. They were used for both terrestrial applications and astronomy.

The reflecting telescope, which uses mirrors to collect and focus light, was invented within a few decades of the first refracting telescope.

In the 20th century, many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s.
Ephesians 6
Ephesians 6 is the sixth and final chapter of the Epistle to the Ephesians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. Traditionally, it is believed to be written by Apostle Paul while he was in prison in Rome (around AD 62), but more recently, it is suggested to be written between AD 80 and 100 by another writer using Paul's name and style. This chapter is a part of Paul's exhortation (Ephesians 4–6), with the particular section about how Christians should live in their responsibilities as households (5:21–6:9) and in the battle against spiritual forces (6:10–20), with a final benediction to close the epistle (6:21–24).

Epistle to the Ephesians
The Epistle to the Ephesians is a Pauline epistle and the tenth book of the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It stands among the canonical writings that shaped early Christian identity and is traditionally grouped with the letters attributed to Paul the Apostle.

The text is traditionally believed to have been written by Paul around AD 62 during his imprisonment in Rome. It closely resembles Colossians and is thought to have been addressed to the church in Ephesus (now in Turkey), another Pauline epistle whose authorship is debated. As such, many  modern scholars dispute the attribution and date the work to AD 70–100 as a circular letter.

Ephesians sets out a theological vision of God's plan to unite all creation in Christ and exhorts the church to embody that unity through reconciliation across ethnic boundaries and holy conduct in everyday relationships.
The City (1939 film)
The City is a pioneering short documentary film from 1939 that contrasts the problems of the contemporary urban environment with the superior social and physical conditions that can be provided in a planned community. It was directed and photographed by Ralph Steiner and Willard Van Dyke based on a treatment by Lewis Mumford, which was in turn based on an outline by Pare Lorentz. Aaron Copland  wrote the musical score, and Morris Carnovsky provided the narration.

Pare Lorentz
Pare Lorentz (December 11, 1905 – March 4, 1992) was an American filmmaker known for his film work about the New Deal.  Born Leonard MacTaggart Lorentz in Clarksburg, West Virginia he was educated at Buckhannon High School, West Virginia Wesleyan College, and West Virginia University. As a young film critic in both New York City and Hollywood, Lorentz spoke out against censorship in the film industry.

As the most influential documentary filmmaker of the Great Depression, Lorentz was the leading American advocate for government-sponsored documentary films. His service as a filmmaker for the U.S. Army Air Corps during World War II was formidable, including technical films, documentation of bombing raids, and synthesizing raw footage of Nazi atrocities for an educational film on the Nuremberg Trials. Nonetheless, Lorentz perennially will be known best as "FDR′s filmmaker."
New Forest (UK Parliament constituency)
New Forest was a county constituency in south-west Hampshire which elected one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

It was first created under the Redistribution of Seats Act for the 1885 general election, and was abolished for the 1918 general election, when it was partially replaced by the New Forest and Christchurch constituency.

The seat was re-established for the 1950 general election and those thereafter, was significantly cut in size on the creation of the seat of Romsey in 1983 and was abolished for the 1997 general election, when the New Forest East and New Forest West seats were created using its remaining components.

In the British TV series House of Cards, this was the constituency represented by the main character, Francis Urquhart.

Redistribution of Seats Act 1885
The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 (48 & 49 Vict. c. 23) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (sometimes called the "Reform Act of 1885"). It was a piece of electoral reform legislation that redistributed the seats in the House of Commons, introducing the concept of equally populated constituencies, a concept in the broader global context termed equal apportionment, in an attempt to equalise representation across the UK. It mandated the abolition of constituencies below a certain population threshold. It was associated with, but not part of, the Representation of the People Act 1884.
Bach-Chor Bonn
The Bach-Chor Bonn (Bonn Bach choir) is a large concert choir and oratorio choir in Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was founded by Gustav Classens in 1949 as Bonner Bach-Gemeinschaft (Bonn Bach society), and has its present name officially since 2012. It has performed internationally, and recorded. Originally founded specifically to perform the works of its namesake Johann Sebastian Bach, the repertoire now contains major compositions of all periods including contemporary works. The choir has a long tradition of tours to European countries.

Roland Bader
Roland Bader (born 24 August 1938) is a German choral conductor and music director. He is the principal guest conductor of the Kraków Philharmonic Orchestra and the Opera Krakowska, officially authorized as representative for their guest performances in Germany and Switzerland. Since 1988 he is the visiting professor at the Toho Gakuen School of Music in Tokyo, where in 1989 he was awarded the distinction of the Professor Honoris Causa in Humanistic Disciplines.
Does the World Hate the United States?
Does the World Hate the United States? is a 2005 book, edited by Andrea C. Nakaya. It is in the At Issue series of American textbooks, intended according to the publisher for grades 10 to 12+.

The book presents selections of viewpoints on questions about anti-Americanism, its extent and causes in relationship to its foreign policies and popular culture, and whether it is rooted in jealousy. It was published by Greenhaven Press (Farmington Hills) in 2005 as a 139-page hardcover (ISBN 0-7377-2368-8) and paperback (ISBN 0-7377-2369-6).

Farmington Hills, Michigan
Farmington Hills is a city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A northwestern suburb of Detroit, Farmington Hills is located roughly 22 miles (35.4 km) from downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 83,986, making it the second-largest community in Oakland County.

Although the two cities have separate services and addresses, Farmington and Farmington Hills are often thought of as the same community. These two cities combined were part of Farmington Township in the time of the Northwest Territory. The community has several historical sites, including the Governor Warner Mansion. Both cities are served by Farmington Public Schools and the Farmington Community Library.

Farmington Hills is the home of the Zekelman Holocaust Center, the only Holocaust memorial in the State of Michigan. The Zekelman Holocaust Center was originally located in neighboring West Bloomfield Township, but has since expanded and moved to its current facility.
Pristimantis torrenticola
Pristimantis torrenticola is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae.
It is endemic to Colombia.
Its natural habitats are tropical moist montane forests and rivers.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Strabomantidae
The Strabomantidae, sometimes called cloud forest landfrogs, are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes Pristimantis, the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Based on molecular dating, the Holoadeninae in particular appears to have originated in the Eocene. The Oligocene-Miocene transition was also found to be important to their biogeographical history. However, the lack of Holoadeninae fossils and limited nucleotide data ambiguates the results, by the authors' admission.
Kolhapur jaggery
Kolhapur jaggery is a variety of jaggery (non-centrifugal cane sugar) made from fresh sugarcane juice in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is an agri-product manufactured from sugarcane which is a common and widely cultivated crop in Kolhapur. The waters of the streams forming the Panchganga river are primarily used for sugarcane cultivation in Kolhapur. It is also the most exported variety of jaggery from India.

Sugarcane juice
Sugarcane juice is the liquid extracted from pressed sugarcane. It is consumed as a beverage in many places, especially where sugarcane is commercially grown, such as Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, North Africa, mainly Egypt, and also in South America, especially Brazil. 
Sugarcane juice is obtained by crushing peeled sugarcane in a mill and is one of the main precursors of rum.
Mount Batulao
Mount Batulao is an inactive stratovolcano in the Calabarzon region of the Philippines, located in northwest Batangas province along its border with Cavite. It is a flank dissected andesitic stratovolcano of Taal  at the northwestern rim of the Taal Caldera which began to form in the late Pliocene period, about 3.4 million years ago. The mountain is a prominent landmark of jagged peaks, rolling to rugged ridges and deep gorges situated just west of the hill station of Tagaytay at the southwestern end of the Tagaytay Ridge. It is well known for its scenery, as well as its retreat centers and resorts located just 85 kilometres (53 mi) south of Manila.

Andesite
Andesite (/ˈændəzaɪt/) is a volcanic rock of intermediate composition. In a general sense, it is the intermediate type between silica-poor basalt and silica-rich rhyolite. It is fine-grained (aphanitic) to porphyritic in texture, and is composed predominantly of sodium-rich plagioclase plus pyroxene or hornblende.

Andesite is the extrusive equivalent of plutonic diorite. Characteristic of subduction zones, andesite represents the dominant rock type in island arcs. The average composition of the continental crust is andesitic.  Along with basalts, andesites are a component of the Martian crust.

The name andesite is derived from the Andes mountain range, where this rock type is found in abundance. It was first applied by Christian Leopold von Buch in 1826.
Chola Chabuca
Ernesto Pimentel Yesquén (born September 20, 1970), also known by his stage name La Chola Chabuca, is a popular Peruvian television personality. He has had a show on América Televisión for the past 15 years.

Pimentel takes his stage name "La Chola" from the Peruvian term for women who live in the mountains of Peru.  He fashions his costumes based on their traditional dress. Unlike other Peruvian entertainers, though, he aims to glamorize these women with beautiful dresses.  As a result, he is particularly popular with the rural population of Peru.

Pimentel's career until the early 1990s was as his La Chola persona. He currently produces and stars in the La Chola Chabuca Circo (Circus), a popular annual event in July and August. Pimental is also a real estate entrepreneur involved in residential real estate construction.

Folk costume
Folk costume, also known as traditional dress, traditional attire, folk attire, or regalia is clothing of an ethnic group, nation or region, and expresses cultural, religious or national identity. It includes both everyday and formal wear, those which do not cater to Western dress codes.

An ethnic group's clothing may be called ethnic clothing or ethnic dress. Those attributed to a certain place are often called national costume or regional costume; these may have official designation.
Russell Huntley
Russell Huntley (born 1807), along with his younger brother Lewis Huntley (1816-1862), founded the Illinois city of DeKalb. The pair owned most of the land that would become DeKalb. County surveyor Daniel W. Lamb platted two sections of DeKalb township as a new village in November 1853, a village originally known as Huntley's Grove. Huntley gave the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad (later the Chicago and North Western Railway) right-of-way across his land and a site for a depot. Other railroad investors also received land for speculative purposes.

Galena and Chicago Union Railroad
The Galena and Chicago Union Railroad (G&CU) was the first railroad constructed out of Chicago, intended to provide a shipping route between Chicago and the lead mines near Galena, Illinois. The railroad company was chartered on January 16, 1836, but financial difficulties delayed construction until 1848. While the main line never reached Galena, construction to Freeport, Illinois, allowed it to connect with the Illinois Central Railroad and provide direct service to Galena. A second line was built to Fulton, Illinois; eventually this route connected to railroads in Iowa and Nebraska, and became the eastern link to the first transcontinental railroad in the United States. The G&CU was also the original railroad of what became the Chicago & North Western railroad network.
Recognition of same-sex unions in Vietnam
Vietnam does not recognize same-sex marriages, civil unions, domestic partnerships or any other form of recognition for same-sex couples. Article 36(1) of the 2013 Constitution of Vietnam states that "marriage must adhere to the principles of voluntariness, progressiveness, monogamy, and equality between husband and wife." In 2013, the government announced it would no longer fine people who carry out public same-sex wedding ceremonies; however, these unions have no legal recognition, and as such same-sex couples are unable to access the legal rights and benefits of marriage.

In 2022, activists began collecting signatures in support of same-sex marriage as part of the "I Do campaign", hoping to have the National Assembly pass same-sex marriage legislation by 2030. Polling suggests that a majority of Vietnamese people support the legal recognition of same-sex marriage, with a 2023 Pew Research Center poll showing that 65% of respondents supported same-sex marriage.

Demographics of Vietnam
Demographic features of the population of Vietnam include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Ethnic Vietnamese, or the Viet people (known officially as Kinh), mostly live in the lowlands and speak Vietnamese, while other ethnic groups also speak a variety of languages; together, these communities contribute to the country's diverse demographic composition. Originating in northern Vietnam, the Viet gradually pushed southward and make up much of Vietnam's political landscape. A Vietnamese diaspora can also be found worldwide.

Vietnam's population reached just over 100 million in 2023, making it the 15th largest country by population in the world. It is predicted that by 2035, Vietnam will become an aged society.
Natsuka
Natsuka (written: 名塚 or 長束), also read as Nazuka, is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kaori Nazuka (名塚 佳織, born 1985), Japanese freelance voice actress and singer

Natsuka Masaie (長束 正家, 1562–1600), Japanese daimyō

Yoshihiro Natsuka (名塚 善寛, born 1969), Japanese footballer and manager

Natsuka Masaie
Natsuka Masaie (長束 正家; 1562 – November 8, 1600) was a daimyō in the Azuchi-Momoyama period. He served Niwa Nagahide and later Hideyoshi. He was one of the Go-Bugyō, or five commissioners, appointed by Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
Ian Terry (game designer)
Ian Paul Terry (born 11 February 1966) is an English computer game designer and artist. He was responsible for designing a variety of games from the early ZX Spectrum through to PC. He has co-designed successful games such as Rebelstar and Lords of Chaos, and was the lead designer in the creation of Magic and Mayhem.

X-COM: Apocalypse
X-COM: Apocalypse is a 1997 science fiction tactical strategy game. It is the third game in the X-COM video game series. It was developed by Mythos Games (the creators of the original X-COM game), and published by MicroProse in 1997 for DOS.