hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reid Morden
John Reid Morden  OC (June 17, 1941 – May 7, 2024) was a Canadian civil servant who was the director of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service from 1988 to 1992. From 1991 to 1994, Morden served as deputy minister of foreign affairs.

Deputy minister (Canada)
In Canada, a deputy minister (DM; French: sous-ministre) is the senior civil servant in a government organization, who acts as deputy head. Deputy ministers take political direction from a minister of the Crown, who is typically an elected member of Parliament and responsible for the department.

The Canadian position is equivalent to the position of permanent secretary in the United Kingdom and the Australian position of departmental secretary. This position should not be confused with the deputy prime minister of Canada, who is not a civil servant at all, but a politician and senior member of the Cabinet.

Much of the current management structure of the Government of Canada – including the role of deputy heads – originates from the Royal Commission on Government Organization, also known as the Glassco Commission.

The title is not only used for the federal (national) government, but also for equivalent positions in the provincial and territorial governments.
Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Costume Design of a Play
The Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Costume Design of a Play is an annual award presented by Drama Desk in recognition of achievements in theatre across collective Broadway, off-Broadway and off-off-Broadway productions in New York City.

The award was established in 1969, with the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Costume Design being presented each year to any play or musical production. Starting in 2016, the singular award was replaced by separate play and musical categories.

Dede M. Ayite has received the most nominations in the category, with four, followed closely by Toni-Leslie James with three and Ann Roth, Emilio Sosa, Qween Jean and Enver Chakartash with two each. No designer has won the award multiple times.

Off-off-Broadway
Off-off-Broadway theaters are smaller New York City theaters than Broadway and off-Broadway theaters, and usually have fewer than 100 seats. The off-off-Broadway movement began in 1958 as part of a response to perceived commercialism of the professional theatre scene and as an experimental or avant-garde movement of drama and theatre. Over time, some off-off-Broadway productions have moved away from the movement's early experimental spirit.
Comrie Castle
Comrie Castle is a ruined castle about 15 miles north (as the crow flies, rather over 30 by road) of Comrie, Perth and Kinross, Scotland. The castle is located on the River Lyon.

The castle was originally the seat of the Menzies family. Partially destroyed by fire in 1487, the seat of the Menzies family moved to Weem Castle. Rebuilt in the sixteenth century, as a L-plan tower house, the castle was last occupied in 1748 and became ruinous. It is now protected as a scheduled monument.

Comrie, Perth and Kinross
Comrie (/ˈkʌmri/; Scottish Gaelic: Comaraidh; Pictish: Aberlednock; Latin: Victoria) is a village and parish in the southern Highlands of Scotland, towards the western end of the Strathearn district of Perth and Kinross, 7 mi (11 km) west of Crieff.

Comrie is a historic conservation village in a national scenic area along the River Earn. The village's position on the Highland Boundary Fault causes it to experience more tremors than anywhere else in Britain, thus, it is nicknamed the "Shaky Toun" or "Am Baile Critheanach" in Gaelic. The parish is twinned with Carleton Place in Ontario, Canada.
Theriophila
Theriophila is a monotypic moth genus in the subfamily Lymantriinae. Its only species, Theriophila miara, is found in Cameroon. Both the genus and the species were first described by Erich Martin Hering in 1932.

Erich Martin Hering
Erich Martin Hering (10 November 1893, Heinersdorf – 18 August 1967, Berlin) was a German entomologist.

Hering specialised in leaf miners. He was a curator in the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, where his collections of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera are conserved. His collections of Agromyzidae are shared between Museum für Naturkunde and the Agricultural School at Portici, now part of the University of Naples Federico II. Hering issued the exsiccata Minenherbarium. He discovered a species of fly, Acanthonevra scutellopunctata in 1952.
Walcher of Malvern
Walcher of Malvern (died 1135) (also known as Walcher of Lorraine) was the second Prior of Great Malvern Priory in Worcestershire, England, and a noted astronomer, astrologer and mathematician. He has been described as an important transitional figure, whose observations and writings reflected the transformation of the astronomy of the Latin West from its traditional focus on computing dates in the ecclesiastical calendar and studying the rudiments of Roman astronomy to the use of ancient astronomical computational methods learned from Arabic zijes and other Islamic sources.

Prior (ecclesiastical)
Prior (or  prioress) is an ecclesiastical title for a  superior in some religious orders. The word is derived from the Latin for "earlier" or "first". The office may head a local house, a region of houses (prior provincial), or the entire order (prior general). Its earlier generic usage referred to any monastic superior. In abbeys, a prior would be lower in rank than the abbey's abbot or abbess.
Cabells' Predatory Reports
Cabells' Predatory Reports is a paid subscription service provided by Cabell Publishing featuring a database of deceptive and predatory journals, and Journalytics is a database of "verified, reputable journals", with details about those journals' acceptance rates and invited article percentages.  In June 2020, Cabells changed the name of its previous Whitelist and Blacklist to Journalytics and Predatory Reports, respectively. Cabells describes Predatory Reports as "the only database of deceptive and predatory academic journals." Some freely available alternatives exist.

Cabell Publishing
Cabells is a scholarly analytics company based in Beaumont, Texas. Established in 1978 by management professor David Cabell, it originally maintained only a directory of verified business academic journals. Since then, it has grown to include Journalytics, a database with analytics on reputable journals, Predatory Reports, a database of predatory journals with violation reports, journal metrics, and manuscript preparation tools. Journalytics has been expanded to include many types of information about the included journals, such as article acceptance rates and average review times. As of 2017, the company's Journalytics platform contains over 11,000 journals. In June 2020, Cabells changed the name of its whitelist and blacklist to Journalytics and Predatory Reports, respectively. In May 2023, Cabells reduced their workforce by a third in a round of unannounced and instant layoffs.
Naour, Morocco
Naour (Arabic: ناوور) is a village and rural commune in Béni Mellal Province, Béni Mellal-Khénifra, Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 6433 people living in 1093 households.

2004 Moroccan census
The 2004 Moroccan census, formally the General Population and Housing Census for the year 2004, was held in Morocco in 2004, conducted by the High Planning Commission. The previous census was taken in 1994.
1999–2000 Guinea-Bissau general election
General elections were held in Guinea-Bissau on 28 November 1999, with a second round for the presidential election on 16 January 2000. The presidential election resulted in a victory for opposition leader Kumba Ialá of the Party for Social Renewal (PRS), who defeated Malam Bacai Sanhá of the ruling African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde. The PRS were also victorious in the National People's Assembly election, winning 38 of the 102 seats.

These were the first elections held in Guinea Bissau since the 1998-99 Civil War that deposed the government of João Bernardo Vieira. This was the first time an opposition party won an election since the country's independence in the 1970s.

Voter turnout was 72% for the second round of the presidential election.

National People's Assembly (Guinea-Bissau)
The National People's Assembly (Portuguese: Assembleia Nacional Popular), called National Assembly (Portuguese: Assembleia Nacional) from 2026, is Guinea-Bissau's unicameral legislative body. The Assembly has a total of 102 seats, with all 102 members being elected.
Kenrick Prescot
Kenrick Prescot, D.D. (7 July 1703, Chester – 3 August 1779, Cambridge) was a priest and academic in the second half of the 18th century.

Prescot was educated at Charterhouse and St Catharine's College, Cambridge, graduating BA in 1724, M.A.in 1727 and B.D. in 1738. He was Fellow of St Catharine's from 1727 to 1741 and its Master from 1741 to his death.  He was vice-chancellor of the University of Cambridge from 1744 to 1745. Yates was ordained on 24 September 1727. His first post was as curate  at Stapleford, Cambridgeshire. He held livings at Hartland, Coton and Yarmouth; and was a prebendary of Norwich Cathedral.

Charterhouse School
Charterhouse is a private school providing boarding facilities for pupils aged 13–18 in Godalming, Surrey, England. Founded by Thomas Sutton in 1611 on the site of the old Carthusian monastery in Charterhouse Square, Smithfield, London, it educates over 1000 pupils, aged 13 to 18 years. Charterhouse is one of the original nine English public schools reported upon by the Clarendon Commission in 1864 leading to its regulation by the Public Schools Act 1868.

Charterhouse charges full boarders around £48,038.40 (with the exclusion of VAT) per annum (2025/2026), alongside charging day pupils around £37,418.40 (with the exclusion of VAT) per annum (2025/2026) . It educated the British Prime Minister Lord Liverpool and has numerous notable alumni.
Goodling
Goodling is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

George Atlee Goodling (1896–1982), Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania

Monica Goodling (born 1973), former US government lawyer and political appointee in the George W. Bush administration

William F. Goodling (1927–2017), Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania

Monica Goodling
Monica Marie Goodling (born August 6, 1973) is an American lawyer who formerly served as a political appointee in the George W. Bush administration, best known for her role in the 2006 dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy. As Principal Deputy Director of Public Affairs for the United States Department of Justice, she illegally hired and fired U.S. attorneys based on their political beliefs. However, Goodling was granted prosecutorial immunity in exchange for her testimony. The Virginia State Bar publicly reprimanded Goodling in May 2011 for having "improperly utilized political affiliation and other political considerations when making hiring decisions for career positions."
Distichoceras
Distichoceras is a member of the Haploceratacean family, Oppeliidae, and type genus for the subfamily Distichoceratinae, found in upper Middle and lower Upper Jurassic sediments in Europe, Algeria, India, and Madagascar. The shell is essentially evolute and compressed with the outer flanks converging on a narrow, keeled venter; inner flanks which may be feebly ribbed, are separated from outer by a shallow spiral groove or band. Ribs on outer flanks end on or are looped to tall clavi (elongate tubercles or nodes) that line the venter, standing above the keel.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
Reunions (Philippine TV series)
Reunions (formerly Sana'y Muling Makapiling) is a Philippine television public affairs show broadcast by QTV/Q. Hosted by Jessica Soho, it premiered on November 15, 2005. The show concluded on February 20, 2011.

The show is streaming online on YouTube.

Television in the Philippines
Television in the Philippines was introduced in October 1953 with the first commercial broadcast by Alto Broadcasting System (now called ABS-CBN). This made the Philippines the first Southeast Asian country, and the second Asian country, to air television broadcasts. During the late 1940s, Filipino engineers and students conducted academic experiments related to broadcasting.

From 1975 to 1978, the Philippine Academy for Television Arts and Sciences (PATAS) presented the SINAG Awards.

The Star Awards for Television, the country's oldest existing television awards, are presented annually by the Philippine Movie Press Club (PMPC) after a voting by members of the press.

The Philippines does not operate any independent public broadcasting television networks. However, there are several government-owned networks.
Dental Procedure Education System
The Dental Procedure Education System (DPES), is a web-based resource containing a collection of procedures from the dental disciplines. The procedures presented in DPES were developed by individual faculty members at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, in collaboration with a group of educational media and technology experts. Consequently, DPES reflects the philosophy that guides the teaching methods and the clinical practice of these procedures at the Faculty of Dentistry.

University of Toronto Faculty of Dentistry
The University of Toronto Faculty of Dentistry is the dental school of the University of Toronto, located in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is one of the ten dental schools in Canada. It is the largest dental school in Canada with a range of undergraduate and graduate level programs with a total enrolment in the range of 560. The faculty is located at the heart of the Discovery District, a neighbourhood with a high concentration of hospitals and research institutes, at the south end of the university's St. George campus. In 2014, the Faculty of Dentistry joined the Toronto Addis Ababa Academic Collaboration (TAAAC), providing support in building capacity for oral health in Ethiopia by creating collaborative teaching opportunities.
Hunterian Psalter
The Hunterian Psalter (or York Psalter) is an illuminated manuscript of the 12th century.  It was produced in England some time around 1170, and is considered a striking example of Romanesque book art.  The work is part of the collection of the Glasgow University Library, cataloged as Sp Coll MS Hunter U.3.2 (229), which acquired the book in 1807.  It derives its colloquial name, the "Hunterian Psalter", from having been part of the collection of 18th century Scottish anatomist and book collector William Hunter, who willed his collection to the University.  It has also at times been known as the "York Psalter", owing to its supposed northern English origin in the city of York.

Glasgow University Library
Glasgow University Library in the main library of the University of Glasgow. At the turn of the 21st century, the main library building itself held 1,347,000 catalogued print books, and 53,300 journals.
 In total, the university library system including branch libraries now holds approximately 2.5 million books and journals, along with  access to 1,853,000 e-books, and over 50,000 e-journals.
 The University also holds extensive archival material in a separate building. This includes the Scottish Business Archive, which alone amounts to 6.2 kilometres of manuscripts.

The current 12-storey building was opened in 1968 and is a prominent landmark in Glasgow's West End. In 2014, there were over 1.7 million visits made to the library.
Bollo Lane
Bollo Lane is a street in Acton in London running northeastwards from Chiswick Park tube station to Acton Town tube station. It is one of the oldest streets in the area, the name dating back to the Bollobridge over Stamford Brook in the twelfth century. The earliest reference to the street is as Bolhollane in 1408, the name meaning the "lane at Bull Hollow". It marks the boundary between the London Borough of Ealing to the north and the London Borough of Hounslow to the south. The Bollo pub is located in the street nearer to the Chiswick Park end.

Stamford Brook
Stamford Brook was a tributary of the Tideway stretch of the River Thames in west London supplied by three headwaters. Historically used as an irrigation ditch or dyke, the network of small watercourses had four lower courses and mouths.
Old Kerosene Store
The Old Kerosene Store is located at Bathers Beach in Fremantle, Western Australia, adjacent to the ruins of the original Fremantle Long Jetty.  It is a single-storey limestone building and forms part of the historic Arthur Head Reserve precinct.

Bathers Beach, Fremantle
Bathers Beach, also known as Whalers Beach, is a section of coastline that has a written history since the European settlement of what is now called Fremantle, Western Australia.

In the 1890s it was bounded to the south by the Long and Short jetties. In the 1930s and 1940s it was called City Beach.

The water offshore has also been called Bathers Bay. It is the shore below the Round House and is located just south of Arthur Head, at the entrance to Fremantle Harbour with the South Mole starting at its northern side.
Leininger Sporn
The Leininger Sporn is a highly prominent ridge in the northeast of the Palatinate Forest in western Germany, mainly composed of the rock formations of the Middle and Upper Bunter. It forms the western edge of Upper Rhine Plain between Grünstadt in the north and Leistadt, a village in the county of Bad Dürkheim, in the southeast. In the natural region system of the German Central Uplands it is considered one of the four sub-units of the Middle Palatinate Forest.

Central Uplands
The Central Uplands (German: die Mittelgebirge) is one of the three major natural regions of Germany. It stretches east to west across the country. To the north lies the North German Plain or Northern Lowland; to the south, the Alps and the Alpine Foreland.
Methyldioxirane
Methyldioxirane is an organic chemical consisting of a methyl group as substituent on a dioxirane ring. It is a highly unstable structure that has been proposed as part of a decomposition reaction of acetaldehyde oxide, the Criegee intermediate during some ozonolysis reactions. The methyl group helps reduce the rate of ring-opening of the dioxirane, but it does not become usefully stable until a second substient is present as in the structure of dimethyldioxirane.

Criegee intermediate
A Criegee intermediate (also called a Criegee zwitterion or Criegee biradical) is a carbonyl oxide with two charge centers. These chemicals may react with sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the Earth's atmosphere, and are implicated in the formation of aerosols, which are an important factor in controlling global climate.  Criegee intermediates are also an important source of OH (hydroxyl radicals). OH radicals are the most important oxidant in the troposphere, and are important in controlling air quality and pollution.

The formation of this sort of structure was first postulated in the 1950s by Rudolf Criegee, for whom it is named.  It was not until 2012 that direct detection of such chemicals was reported. Infrared spectroscopy suggests the electronic structure has a substantially zwitterionic character rather than the biradical character that had previously been proposed.
Valbonne
Valbonne (French pronunciation: [valbɔn]; Occitan: Vauboa) is a commune near Nice in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France. Valbonne means "the good valley" in Provençal and translates to "Vaubona" in Occitan.

The commune is part of the Communauté d'agglomération de Sophia Antipolis. The technology park of Sophia Antipolis is partly located in Valbonne.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Grasse
The former French Catholic diocese of Grasse was founded in the 4th or 5th century as the diocese of Antibes. It was originally suffragan to the archbishop of Aix, and then to the archbishop of Embrun. The see moved from Antibes to Grasse in 1244. It remained at Grasse Cathedral until the French Revolution. The diocese was suppressed by the Concordat of 1801, its territory passing to the diocese of Nice.
HMS Flirt
Six ships of the British Royal Navy have been named HMS Flirt:

Flirt was a ship in service with the navy in 1592.

HMS Flirt (1782) was a 14-gun brig of 209 tons launched at Dover on 4 March 1782 and sold on 1 December 1795. She then became a whaler in the British southern whale fishery until 1803 when the French privateer François Aregnaudeau in Blonde captured Flirt as she was returning home from a voyage.

HMS Flirt (1856) was a Cheerful-class wooden screw gunboat launched at Greenhythe on 7 June 1856 and broken up at Haslar in April 1864.

HMS Flirt (1862) was a gunboat purchased in 1862 for New Zealand service and sold in 1864.

HMS Flirt (1867) was a composite screw gunboat of 603 tons launched at Devonport on 20 December 1867 and sold in November 1888 for breaking up.

HMS Flirt (1897) was a C-class destroyer launched at Jarrow on 15 May 1897 and sunk on 27 October 1916 in the Dover Strait.

Haslar
Haslar is on the south coast of England, at the southern tip of Alverstoke, on the Gosport peninsula, Hampshire.  It takes its name from the Old English hæsel-ōra, meaning "hazel-landing place". It may have been named after a bank of hazel strewn on marshy grounds around Haslar Creek to make it passable and habitable in old times, or merely because hazel grew there.
Christophe Kern
Christophe Kern (born 18 January 1981 in Wissembourg, Bas-Rhin) is a French former road racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2003 and 2014 for the Crédit Agricole, Cofidis and Team Europcar teams.

Crédit Agricole (cycling team)
Crédit Agricole (UCI team code: C.A) was a French professional cycling team sponsored by the French bank Crédit Agricole from 1998 to 2008. Prior to 1997, the team was known as Vêtements Z–Peugeot (1987), Z–Peugeot (1988–89), Z (1990–92) and GAN (1993–98). In 1990, the team's leading cyclist, the American Greg LeMond, won the Tour de France. The team also won the team title at the Tour de France that year. Crédit Agricole announced that they would cease to sponsor the team after 2008, and the team was subsequently disbanded.
Classic Center
The Classic Center is a convention center in Athens, Georgia, United States.  It was opened in 1995.  Located within is Akins Ford Arena at The Classic Center, a large event hall that also serves as a 2,000-seat arena.  The arena is home to the UGA Ice Dawgs hockey team and formerly the Peach State Cats arena football team.  The Classic Center also contains a 2,122-seat theatre.

Convention center
A convention center (American English; or conference centre in British English) is a large building that is designed to hold a convention, where individuals and groups gather to promote and share common interests. Convention centers typically offer sufficient floor area to accommodate several thousand attendees. Very large venues, suitable for major trade shows, are sometimes known as exhibition halls. Convention centers typically have at least one auditorium and may also contain concert halls, lecture halls, meeting rooms, and conference rooms. Some large resort area hotels include a convention center.

In Francophone countries, the term is palais des congrès (such as the Palais des Congrès de Paris) or centre des congrès (such as the Centre des congrès de Quebec).