hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Technical Physics
Technical Physics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal co-published monthly by Springer Science+Business Media and Pleiades Publishing. It covers developments as well as translated works in applied and theoretical physics, including atomic, molecular, and optical physics, plasma physics, solid state physics, electronics and photonics. The journal was established under the name Soviet Physics - Technical Physics in 1956 and featured English translations of the articles from the journal Zurnal Techniceskoj Fiziki. Originally published by American Institute of Physics, it received its current name in 1993. Its current editor-in-chief is Andrei G. Zabrodskii (Russian Academy of Sciences).

Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
Atomic, molecular, and optical physics (AMO) is the study of matter–matter and light–matter interactions, at the scale of one or a few atoms and energy scales around several electron volts.: 1356   The three areas are closely interrelated.  AMO theory includes classical, semi-classical and quantum treatments.  Typically, the theory and applications of emission, absorption, scattering of electromagnetic radiation (light) from excited atoms and molecules, analysis of spectroscopy, generation of lasers and masers, and the optical properties of matter in general, fall into these categories.
Internet Security Alliance
Internet Security Alliance (ISA) was founded in 2001 as a non-profit collaboration between Carnegie Mellon University's CyLab and Electronic Industries Alliance, a federation of trade associations. The Internet Security Alliance is focused on cyber security, acting as a forum for information sharing and leadership on information security, and lobbying for corporate security interests.

Carnegie Mellon CyLab
The Carnegie Mellon CyLab Security and Privacy Institute is a computer security research center at Carnegie Mellon University. Founded in 2003 as a university-wide research center, it involves more than 50 faculty and 100 graduate students from different departments and schools within the university. It is "one of the largest university-based cyber security research and education centers in the U.S."

CyLab works with the CERT Coordination Center as well as US-CERT on matters relating to cybersecurity. The institute is often cited for its security and privacy research.
Vernon Place
Vernon Place, also known as the Cowper-Taylor House, is a historic plantation house located near Como, Hertford County, North Carolina. It is dated to the late-1820s, and is a two-story, five-bay, T-plan, transitional Federal / Greek Revival frame dwelling. It has a low-pitched, gable
roof and Colonial Revival style one-story hip-roof wraparound porch added about 1900. Also on the property are the contributing one-room, 1+1⁄2-story frame Federal style house, wellhouse, and a Delco plant.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Plantation house
A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole. Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas are known as quite grand and expensive architectural works today, though most were more utilitarian, working farmhouses.
H. S. Mahadeva Prasad
Halahalli Shreekantha Shetti Mahadeva Prasad (5 August 1958 – 3 January 2017) was an Indian politician from the state of Karnataka and five-time Member of the Legislative Assembly from the Gundlupet constituency of the Chamarajanagar district. He first won the Karnataka Legislative Assembly elections in 1994 while representing Janata Dal. He was re-elected in five straight subsequent elections in 1999, 2004, 2008 and 2013. Throughout his political career he had been member of Janata Dal, Janata Dal (United), Janata Dal (Secular) and the Indian National Congress. At the time of his death in January 2017, he was the incumbent state minister for Cooperation and Sugar in the Government of Karnataka led by Siddaramaiah as Chief Minister.

2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election
The 2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election took place on 20 April and 26 April 2004 in 224 constituencies in Karnataka, India. The elections were conducted to elect the government in the state of Karnataka for the next five years. The votes were counted on 13 May 2004. None of the parties were able to win a majority and the Bharatiya Janata Party emerged as the single largest party with 79 seats. Subsequently, the Indian National Congress with 65 members and Janata Dal (Secular) with 58 members formed a coalition to run the government with Dharam Singh as the chief minister. This was the first ever coalition government in the state.
Jennifer Schuble
Jennifer Schuble (born July 8, 1976, in Lake Charles, Louisiana) is an American track and road cyclist.

Schuble has a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. She works in the automotive industry for Mercedes-Benz USA.

She was a gold medalist & two-time silver medalist at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China and is a two-time gold medalist at Parapan American Games. She won a silver medal & bronze at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London. Besides medals, she also is a five-time UCI World Champion and Paralympic medalist. Schuble was also a ten-time UCI World Champion and held both World record and Paralympic record for CP4 500 and 3K. She was eight-time National champion and UCI Road World Cup champion. Jennifer also holds an  American national record for C5 500, 3K, and mixed team sprint.

UCI World Championships
The UCI World Championships are annual competitions promoted by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) to determine world champion cyclists. They are held in several different styles of racing, in a different country each year. Championship winners wear a white jersey with coloured bands around the chest for the following year. The similarity to the colours of a rainbow gives them the colloquial name of "the rainbow jersey." The first three individuals or teams in each championship win gold, silver and bronze medals. Former world champions are allowed to wear a trim to their collar and sleeves in the same pattern as the rainbow jersey.

Championships are held for men and for women in road cycling, track cycling, cyclo-cross, mountain biking, gravel, BMX, and indoor cycling. There are also championships for disabled competitors.
David Stead (cricketer)
David William Stead (born 26 May 1947) is a former New Zealand cricketer who played first-class cricket for Canterbury from 1969 to 1986.

A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-pace and leg-spin bowler, Stead had his most successful season with the bat in 1980/81, when he made 479 runs at an average of 43.54, including his only century, 193 not out against Central Districts. He also took 6 for 79 in the first innings of the same match, but Central Districts won by three wickets. His best figures in first-class cricket were 7 for 99 against Otago in 1982–83, when Canterbury nevertheless lost by an innings.

His son Gary played Test cricket for New Zealand in 1999 and was appointed coach of the national team in August 2018. David's elder sister Janice also played cricket for New Zealand.

New Zealand women's national cricket team
The New Zealand women's national cricket team, nicknamed the White Ferns, represents New Zealand in international women's cricket. One of eight teams competing in the ICC Women's Championship (the highest level of international women's cricket), the team is organised by New Zealand Cricket, a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC).

New Zealand made its Test debut in 1935, against England, becoming the third team to play at that level. With Australia and England, New Zealand is one of only three teams to have participated in all ten editions of the Women's Cricket World Cup. The team has made the final of the tournament on four occasions, winning in 2000 and placing second in in 1993, 1997, and 2009. At the Women's T20 World Cup, New Zealand were champions in 2024 and runners up in 2009 and 2010.
Ajara (India)
Ajara is a census town and the headquarters of Ajara Taluka in the Kolhapur district of Maharashtra, India. It is a developing city with a Nagar Panchayat (municipal council).

Ajara is mainly known for its Ajara Ghansal Tandul rice. Two rivers flow through the town, the Chitra and the Hiranyakeshi. Ramtirth, a site where Rama, Lakshmana, and Sita are believed to have stayed during their 14-year vanvas (exile), is located here.

Kolhapur district
Kolhapur district (Marathi pronunciation: [kolʱaːpuɾ]) is a district in the Maharashtra state of India. The city of Kolhapur is its district headquarter. It is situated near Panchaganga river.

It is bordered by the Sangli district to the north, by Ratnagiri district, Sindhudurg to the west and by Karnataka state to the east.

Kolhapur was a princely state during British rule in India. Shahu Maharaj ruled the state from 1894 to 1922 and worked toward its social and educational development. Kolhapur was a major hub of the Marathi film industry and was known as Chitranagari. It is now known as Bhalji Pendharkar Chitranagari.
Ottir
Earl Ottir (Old Norse: Óttar jarl; Medieval Latin: Oter comes, lit. 'Count Oter'; died 918), also known as Ottir the Black (Old Irish: Ottir Dub), was a jarl who occupied a prominent position among the Norse of Britain and Ireland in the early 10th century. He is believed to be the founder of the settlement, Veðrafjǫrðr (present day Waterford) in the year 914. From 917 to his death in 918 Ottir was a close associate of the powerful overking Ragnall ua Ímair, although they are not known to have been related.

Norsemen
The Norsemen (or Northmen) were a Germanic cultural group in the Early Middle Ages, originating among speakers of Old Norse in Scandinavia. During the late eighth century, Scandinavians embarked on a large-scale expansion in all directions, giving rise to the Viking Age. In English-language scholarship since the 19th century, Norse seafaring traders, settlers and warriors have commonly been referred to as Vikings.

Historians of Anglo-Saxon England often use the term "Norse" in a different sense, distinguishing between Norse Vikings (Norsemen) from Norway, who mainly invaded and occupied the islands north and north-west of Britain as well as Ireland and western Britain, and Danish Vikings, who principally invaded and occupied eastern Britain.
Mount Williamson
Mount Williamson, at an elevation of 14,379 feet (4,383 m), is the second-highest mountain in both the Sierra Nevada range and the state of California, and the sixth-highest peak in the contiguous United States.

Yosemite Decimal System
The Yosemite Decimal System (YDS) is a five-part grading system used for rating the difficulty of rock climbing routes in the United States and Canada. It was first devised by members of the Sierra Club in Southern California in the 1950s as a refinement of earlier systems from the 1930s, and quickly spread throughout North America.
2016 Las Vegas Challenger – Doubles
Carsten Ball and Dustin Brown were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Brian Baker and Matt Reid won the title after defeating Bjorn Fratangelo and Denis Kudla 6–1, 7–5 in the final.

Dustin Brown (tennis)
Dustin Brown (born 8 December 1984), nicknamed "Dreddy", is a German-Jamaican former professional tennis player who rose to fame after beating Rafael Nadal at the Halle Open in 2014 and at Wimbledon in 2015. He was known for his technique, speed, and unorthodox playing style, often entertaining the crowd with trick shots.

Brown competed mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour, in singles and doubles, having won 31 titles overall. He achieved his career-high singles ranking of No. 64 in October 2016 and his career-high doubles ranking of No. 43 in May 2012. Brown is one of only two players who are undefeated against Rafael Nadal after playing more than one match with him (the other being Àlex Corretja), holding a 2–0 head-to-head record.

Brown did not reach an ATP singles final, but made two semifinals at the 2016 Open Sud de France and the 2016 Swiss Open Gstaad. In doubles, he won two titles on the ATP Tour.
X-O Manowar
X-O Manowar (Aric of Dacia) is a fictional superhero co-created by writers Jim Shooter and Steve Englehart, and artists Bob Layton and Barry Windsor-Smith.

The eponymous comic book series published by Valiant Comics has sold more than 8 million copies to date. X-O Manowar has also starred in a video game alongside Marvel Comics's Iron Man. X-O Manowar comics have been translated into a number of languages including German, Italian, Spanish, Polish, Norwegian, Filipino, Chinese and Brazilian Portuguese.

Acclaim Entertainment
Acclaim Entertainment, Inc. was an American video game publisher based in Glen Cove, New York. Originally founded by Greg Fischbach, Robert Holmes, and Jim Scoroposki from a storefront in Oyster Bay in 1987, the company built a global development team through a series of acquisitions during the late 1990s and early 2000s.

Following disappointing financial results in their 2003 fiscal year, Acclaim filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy on September 1, 2004. The properties owned by Acclaim were subsequently auctioned off to various parties, most notably Howard Marks, a former Activision CEO, launched Acclaim Games which continued to exist until 2010 when Playdom acquired and closed the company. A group of investors launched a new company using the Acclaim trademark in 2025.
Cao Juru
Cao Juru (Chinese: 曹菊如) (May 1901 – January 1981) was the 2nd governor of the People's Bank of China (1954–1964). He was born in Longyan, Fujian Province. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1930.

Longyan
Longyan (simplified Chinese: 龙岩; traditional Chinese: 龍巖; pinyin: Lóngyánⓘ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lêng-nâ or Liong-nâ; lit. 'dragon rock'; Hakka: Liùng-ngàm; Longyan dialect: Liông-nâ [lioŋ¹¹ nã¹¹]) is a prefecture-level city in south-western Fujian Province, China, bordering Guangdong to the south and Jiangxi to the west.
Madhkaul
Madhkaul, known as Madh Kaul is a village located beneath the Panchayat of Jafarpur in the Sitamarhi district of Bihar, India. A government secondary school is situated at the southern edge of the village. Madhkaul has a population of around 2,068. Emigration to larger metropolitan cities has had a major influence on the village's population size and composition.

Madhkaul's economy is predominantly agrarian. The soil is composed of predominantly fertile alluvium due to augmentation by deposition from the annual monsoonal flood of the Bagmati River. Situated between two streams, Madhkaul is prone to flooding. In 2000, a breach of the Pragmatic River's embankment inundated Madhkaul along with a vast area of Samaritan and Muzaffarpur districts.

Members of various castes are present in the town, including Brahman tola, Rasputin tole, tat-ma toll, titular tole, thank tole, Muslim tole, and eastern isolated Brahman tola.

Bagmati River
The Bagmati River flows through the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal, separating the cities of Kathmandu and Patan, before flowing through Madesh Province of southern Nepal and joining the Kamla River in the Indian state of Bihar. It is considered holy by both Hindus and Buddhists. A number of Hindu temples are located on its banks.

The importance of the Bagmati also lies in the fact that Hindus are cremated on the banks of this holy river, and Kirants are buried in the hills by its side. According to the Nepalese Hindu tradition, the dead body must be dipped three times into the Bagmati before cremation, so that the reincarnation cycle may be ended. The chief mourner (usually the first son) who lights the funeral pyre must take a holy river-water bath immediately after cremation. Many relatives who join the funeral procession also take a bath in the river or sprinkle holy water on their bodies at the end of the cremation. It is believed that the Bagmati River purifies people spiritually.
Summer Tour 2016
The Summer Tour 2016 was the twelfth concert tour by Canadian singer Celine Dion. It was organized to support Dion's fifteenth French-language and twenty-sixth studio album, Encore un soir (2016), released on 26 August 2016. It was Dion's first tour since the Sans attendre Tour in 2013. With 28 shows, it was also her biggest Francophone tour since the D'eux Tour in 1995–96. The show began in Antwerp, Belgium on 20 June 2016 and concluded on 31 August 2016 in Trois-Rivières, Québec. The Summer Tour 2016 grossed $56 million.

Et je t'aime encore
"Et je t'aime encore" (transl. "and I still love you") is a song by Canadian singer Celine Dion from her twentieth studio album, 1 fille & 4 types (2003). It was written by Jean-Jacques Goldman and J. Kapler, and produced by Erick Benzi. "Et je t'aime encore" was released as the album's second single on 16 February 2004. It reached numbers two in Quebec, 14 in Belgium Wallonia, 16 in France, and 31 in Switzerland.
Arlie Mucks
Arlie Max Mucks (December 10, 1891 – July 10, 1967) was an American track and field athlete who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.

In 1912 he finished sixth in the discus throw event and 15th in the two handed discus throw competition. In 1916, he added five feet to the college discus record, throwing 145 feet 11 1/2 inches at the Penn Relays. He was inducted in the Wisconsin Athletic Hall of Fame in 1964.

He died in Oshkosh, Wisconsin.

Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's two handed discus throw
The men's two handed discus throw was a track and field athletics event held as part of the Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme.  It was the only appearance of the event at the Olympics, along with the other two handed throws.  The format of the event was such that each thrower threw the discus three times with his right hand and three times with his left hand.  The best distance with each hand was summed to give a total.  The three finalists received three more throws with each hand. The competition was held on Saturday, July 13, 1912. Twenty discus throwers from six nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes.
Toronto Computer Leasing Inquiry
The Toronto Computer Leasing Inquiry was a judicial inquiry into allegations of conflict of interest, bribery and misappropriation of funds around computer leasing contracts entered into by the City of Toronto government in 1998 and 1999. It was held concurrently with the Toronto External Contracts Inquiry.

Inquiry
An inquiry (also spelled as enquiry in British English) is any process that has the aim of augmenting knowledge, resolving doubt, or solving a problem. A theory of inquiry is an account of the various types of inquiry and a treatment of the ways that each type of inquiry achieves its aim.
Pic d'Orhy
Mount Orhy (French), (Orhi in Basque), is a mountain at the border of Navarre, (Spanish Basque Country) and Soule (French Basque Country), in the western Pyrenees, and is 2,017 metres (6,617 ft) high. It is the westernmost peak above 2,000 metres (6,562 ft) in the entire range, and the tallest mountain of the province of Soule. Its grassy slopes are used as pastures.

The name Orhy originates from Basque orre, meaning Juniper.

A prominent mountain next to the Irati Forest, it is very important in Basque mythology. Mention of "Orhiko xoria", or "Orhiko txoria" in standard Basque, (Basque: "bird of Orhi") is often found in many traditional Basque proverbs, poems, bertsos and songs, often to emphasize one's ties to their land: "Orhiko xoria, Orhin laket." (Souletin Basque: The bird of Orhi in Ohri will remain).

Basques
The Basques are a Southwestern European ethnic group, characterised by the Basque language, a common culture, shared genetic ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians, and are considered among the last remaining direct descendants of Neolithic Europeans populations in Europe. Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, an area traditionally known as the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria)—a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France.
Tam Đảo National Park
Tam Dao National Park (Vietnamese: Vườn quốc gia Tam Đảo) is a protected area zone in northern Vietnam. It was established in 1996, succeeding from the Conservation Forest Tam Dao which was formed in 1977. The park is about 85 km northwest of Hanoi.

Its exact location is at 21°21’ to 21°42’ North latitude, 105°23’ to 105°44’ East longitude. It spans a large area along the Tam Đảo range and administratively belongs to 6 districts and 1 city: Lập Thạch, Tam Dương, Bình Xuyên and the city of Vĩnh Yên of Vĩnh Phúc Province; Sơn Dương of Tuyên Quang Province; Đại Từ and Phổ Yên of Thái Nguyên Province.

Vĩnh Yên
Vĩnh Yên (Vietnamese: [vǐɲˀ ʔīən] ⓘ) is a former city capital of Vĩnh Phúc Province, in the Red River Delta region of northern Vietnam. As of census 2019, the population is 119,128 people, and it covers an area of 50.78 km2.

This city hosted 2012 Asian Men's Cup Volleyball Championship.
Neethipeedam
Neethipeedam is a 1977 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by Crossbelt Mani. The film stars Madhu, Sheela, K. P. Ummer and Maniyanpilla Raju. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan. The film was a remake of the Tamil film Ezhai Padum Padu.

Crossbelt Mani
K. Velayudhan Nair, better known by his stage name Crossbelt Mani (22 April 1935 – 30 October 2021), was an Indian film director and cinematographer, who worked in the Malayalam cinema. He directed more than 40 Malayalam movies and worked as a cinematographer for ten movies. He became popular with his second movie Cross Belt in 1970 and adopted Crossbelt to his name. Veteran director Joshiy worked as an assistant director under him.
Ginsu
Ginsu (/ˈɡɪnsuː/; pseudoword meant to evoke the idea of samurai heritage) is a brand of direct marketed knives. The brand is owned by the Douglas Quikut Division of Scott Fetzer, a Berkshire Hathaway Company. The brand was heavily promoted in the late 1970s and 1980s on U.S. television by using infomercials characterized by hawker and hard sell pitch techniques. The commercials generated sales of between two and three million Ginsu sets between 1978 and 1984.

Hawker (trade)
A hawker is a vendor of merchandise that can be easily transported; the term is roughly synonymous with costermonger or peddler. In most places where the term is used, a hawker sells inexpensive goods, handicrafts, or food items. Whether stationary or mobile, hawkers often advertise by loud street cries or chants, and conduct banter with customers, to attract attention and enhance sales.
Eden (newspaper)
Eden is an English-language newspaper published in Mile II Limbe, Cameroon. It is published by Senior journalist Chief Zachee Nzohngandembou under the CERUT (Centre for Rural Transformation) non-governmental organization. Eden was created in 2004 and has since been operating as a bi-weekly newspaper with publications on Mondays and Wednesdays. Its news articles extensively cover the entire national triangle of Cameroon, with stringing reports from other countries in the world.

Fortnight
A fortnight is a unit of time equal to 14 days (two weeks). The word derives from the Old English term fēowertīene niht, meaning "fourteen nights" (or "fourteen days", since the Anglo-Saxons counted by nights).