hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paul Sutcliffe
Paul Michael Sutcliffe is British mathematical physicist and mathematician, currently Professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Durham. He specialises in the study of topological solitons.

He serves as the Project Director of the SPOCK (Scientific Properties of Complex Knots) research programme dedicated to the study of knotted structures.   Related subjects of research include skyrmions.

Sutcliffe was awarded the LMS Whitehead Prize in 2006 for contributions to the study of topological solitons and their dynamics.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Thomas Griffiths (priest)
Thomas Elwyn Griffiths was a Welsh Anglican priest.

Griffiths was born in 1912 and educated at Oriel College, Oxford. He was ordained deacon in 1938, and priest in 1939. After a curacy at Carmarthen he was a minor canon at Brecon Cathedral. Griffiths held incumbencies at New Radnor and Bronllys. He was Archdeacon of Brecon from 1969 until 1978.

Carmarthen
Carmarthen (UK: /kərˈmɑːrðən/ kər-MAR-dhən, locally /kɑːrˈ-/ kar-; Welsh: Caerfyrddin [kaːɨrˈvərðɪn], 'Merlin's fort' or possibly 'Sea-town fort') is the county town of Carmarthenshire and a community in Wales, lying on the River Towy 8 miles (13 km) north of its estuary in Carmarthen Bay. At the 2021 census the community had a population of 14,636, and the built up area had a population of 16,455. It stands on the site of a Roman town, and has a claim to be the oldest town in Wales. In the middle ages it comprised twin settlements: Old Carmarthen around Carmarthen Priory and New Carmarthen around Carmarthen Castle. The two were merged into one borough in 1546. It was the most populous borough in Wales in the 16th–18th centuries, described by William Camden as "chief citie of the country". It was overtaken in size by the mid-19th century, following the growth of settlements in the South Wales Coalfield.
Justice Leagues
"Justice Leagues" is a storyline which ran through six one-shot comics. Published in 2001 by DC Comics, it introduced a revamped Justice League of America. Each issue was supposedly the first of a new series featuring one of the alternate teams, although they were just one-offs. Featured Justice League were the "Justice League of Aliens", led by Superman and Martian Manhunter; the "Justice League of Amazons", led by Wonder Woman; the "Justice League of Arkham", led by Batman; and the "Justice League of Atlantis", led by Aquaman. Cameo appearances were made by the "Justice League of Adventure" which is led by Flash (Wally West); the "Justice League of Air", led by Green Lantern (Kyle Rayner); the "Justice League of Anarchy", led by Plastic Man; and the "Justice League of Apostles", led by Zauriel.

One-shot (comics)
In comics, a one-shot is a work composed of a single standalone issue or chapter, contrasting a limited series or ongoing series, which are composed of multiple issues or chapters. One-shots date back to the early 19th century, published in newspapers, and today may be in the form of single published comic books, parts of comic magazines/anthologies or published online on websites. In the marketing industry, some one-shots are used as promotion tools that tie in with existing productions, films, video games or television shows.
Gerthe
Gerthe is a part of the city of Bochum in the Ruhr area in Germany. Up to  the 19th century  Westphalian was spoken here. Gerthe is a district in the working-class north of Bochum, in the northeast, bordering Herne and Castrop-Rauxel. The tramline to Hattingen starts here.

51°30′59″N 7°16′20″E﻿ / ﻿51.51639°N 7.27222°E﻿ / 51.51639; 7.27222

Castrop-Rauxel
Castrop-Rauxel (German pronunciation: [ˌkastʁɔpˈʁaʊksl̩] ⓘ), often simply referred to as Castrop by locals, is a former coal mining city in the eastern part of the Ruhr Area within the state of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.
1995 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship
The 1995 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship (known at that time as the 1995 European Championship for Cadets) was the 13th edition of the FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship. The cities of Setúbal, Seixal, and Almada, in Portugal, hosted the tournament. Croatia won the trophy for the first time.

Almada
Almada (European Portuguese pronunciation: [alˈmaðɐ] ⓘ) is a city and a municipality in Portugal, located on the southern margin of the Tagus River, within the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The city is connected to Lisbon by the 25 de Abril Bridge. The population of the municipality in 2011 was 174,030, in an area of 70.21 km2. The urbanized core center, the city of Almada proper, had a population of 101,500 in 2001.
1889 Wimbledon Championships – Women's singles
Blanche Hillyard defeated Lena Rice 4–6, 8–6, 6–4 in the all comers' final to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1889 Wimbledon Championships. The reigning champion Lottie Dod did not defend her title.

Lottie Dod
Charlotte Dod (24 September 1871 – 27 June 1960) was an English multi-sport athlete, best known as a tennis player. She won the Wimbledon Ladies' Singles Championship five times, the first one when she was only 15 in the summer of 1887. She remains the youngest ladies' singles champion.

In addition to tennis, Dod competed in many other sports, including golf, field hockey, and archery. She also won the British Ladies Amateur Golf Championship, played twice for the England women's national field hockey team (which she helped to found), and won a silver medal at the 1908 Summer Olympics in archery. The Guinness Book of Records has named her as the most versatile female athlete of all time, together with track and field athlete and fellow golf player Babe Zaharias.
Gazi Group
Gazi Group (Bengali: গাজী গ্রুপ) is a Bangladeshi diversified conglomerate based in Dhaka. The founding chairman of Gazi Group is Golam Dastagir Gazi, former Textile and Jute Minister of the Awami League government.

Gazi Group owns the cricket teams Gazi Group Cricketers, Gazi Tyres Cricket Academy, and Rupganj Tigers, all of which play List A cricket in the Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League.

Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League
The Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League, also known as the Dhaka Premier League, is a club List A tournament in Bangladesh which has been contested annually since the 1973–74 season. It has had List A status since the 2013–14 season. It is run by the Cricket Committee of Dhaka Metropolis.
Chewning House (Donansburg, Kentucky)
The Chewning House in Green County, Kentucky is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.  The property is located at the northwest corner of the intersection of Kentucky Route 88 and New Salem Road, known as the Donansburg intersection.

It was a two-story dogtrot-style house built in the 1826-1850 period and includes elements of Greek Revival and Federal style.

Google Streetview as of June 2013 shows the house no longer exists;  a chimney remained.

Dogtrot house
The dogtrot, also known as a breezeway house, dog-run, or possum-trot, is a style of house that was common throughout the Southeastern United States during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Some theories place its origins in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Some scholars believe the style developed in the post-Revolution frontiers of Kentucky and Tennessee. Others note its presence in the South Carolina Lowcountry from an early period. The main style point was a large breezeway (instead of a hallway) through the center of the house to cool occupants in the hot southern climate.

Architects continue to design variants of dogtrot houses using modern materials.
The Phantom of the Opera (audio drama)
The Phantom of the Opera, an adaptation of the novel of the same title by Gaston Leroux, is an audio drama created by Big Finish Productions for BBC Radio 7, broadcast in December 2007.

The story was written and directed by Barnaby Edwards in four half-hour episodes. The four-part dramatization is the first to feature the original operatic sequences described in the novel, which have been freshly recorded and orchestrated by composer Tim Sutton. The play features Anna Massey, Peter Guinness, Alexander Siddig and James D’Arcy.

Barnaby Edwards announced in June 2009 the production would be relaunched, as part of a new Big Finish Classics series of literary adaptations planned for 2010–2012.

Gaston Leroux
Gaston Louis Alfred Leroux (French: [ɡastɔ̃ lwi alfʁɛd ləʁu]; 6 May 1868 – 15 April 1927) was a French journalist and author of detective fiction.

In the English-speaking world, he is best known for writing the novel The Phantom of the Opera (French: Le Fantôme de l'Opéra, 1910), which has been made into several film and stage productions of the same name, notably the 1925 film starring Lon Chaney and Andrew Lloyd Webber's  1986 musical.  His 1908 novel The Mystery of the Yellow Room is one of the most celebrated locked room mysteries.
Merchant Prince (video game)
Merchant Prince is video game developed by HDI and released in 1994 by QQP; it was then released as the Machiavelli: The Prince in 1995 by MicroProse. It is the first game of the Merchant Prince video game series. A sequel, Merchant Prince II, was released in 2001.

Quantum Quality Productions
Quantum Quality Productions (also known by their initials QQP) was a computer games company specializing in strategy games and war games.

Run by Bruce Williams Zaccagnino and Mark Baldwin it produced a number of games that achieved "cult status", most prominently The Perfect General.

Computer Gaming World reported in March 1994 that QQP was as "a very satisfying wellspring of entertainment", although its "fine games" had "below average documentation". In 1994, due to financial difficulties, QQP accepted a buy-out from American Laser Games. ALG "unceremoniously" closed the studio in December 1995, according to Computer Game Review.
Dwywe
Saint Dwywe was a 5th- or 6th-century pre-congregational saint of Wales. She was a native of the ancient Cumbric-speaking kingdoms, which stretched from south-western Scotland down as far as South Yorkshire, and is estimated to have been born between 465 and 585.

She may have been the wife of Dunawd Fyr and mother of a son, Saint Deiniol, who founded monasteries on Deeside and at Bangor. She may also have been the mother of Cynwyl ap Dynod, Gwarthan ap Dynod and Aneirin.

She is remembered in a church of St Dwywe. She was a princess, the daughter of Gwallog ap Lleenog of the royal house based in the Kingdom of Elmet, east and south of Leeds. Her father and the family were forced to flee after a war against the Angles of Bernicia (who were based around Northumberland and Durham). They were taken in by Welsh kinsfolk and settled near Barmouth.

Cumbric
Cumbric is an extinct Celtic Brythonic language or dialect that was spoken during the Early Middle Ages in the Hen Ogledd or "Old North", in what is now Northern England and the southern Scottish Lowlands.  Place-name evidence suggests Cumbric may also have been spoken as far south as Pendle and the Yorkshire Dales. The prevailing view is that it became extinct in the 12th century, around the incorporation of the Kingdom of Strathclyde into the Kingdom of Scotland.

Linguists are undecided as to whether to classify Cumbric as a dialect of Old Welsh or as a separate language. Koch calls it a dialect but goes on to say that some of the place names in the Cumbric region "clearly reflect a developed medieval language, much like Welsh, Cornish or Breton".
Wenk
Wenk is a surname. Notable people with this name include:

Alexandra Wenk (born 1995), German swimmer

Carola Wenk (born 1973), German-American computer scientist

Erich Wenk (1923–2012), German opera singer

Eduard Wenk (1907–2001), Swiss geologist, petrographer, and mineralogist

Friedrich Wenk, founder of 1920s German aircraft company Weltensegler

Hans-Rudolf Wenk (born 1941), Swiss mineraloger and geophysicist

Karl Wenk (born 1934), German sports shooter

János Wenk (1894–1962), Hungarian swimmer and water polo player

John Wenk (born 1938), British middle-distance runner

Martin Wenk, musician in Calexico (band)

Richard Wenk, American film screenwriter and director

Stefan Wenk (born 1981), German javelin thrower

János Wenk
János Wenk (24 April 1894 -  17 October 1962) was a Hungarian water polo player and backstroke swimmer who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics and in the 1924 Summer Olympics.

Born in Csaca, he was part of the Hungarian water polo team, which competed in the 1912 tournament and, twelve years later, in the 1924 tournament. At the 1928 tournament, he was a reserve player and did not compete in a match.

In 1912, he also competed in the 100 metre backstroke event, but he was eliminated in the first round.

He died in Budapest.
South African Baseball Union
The South Africa Baseball Union SABU is the national governing body of baseball in South Africa. Baseball is played in all provinces, but it is not a major sport especially due to the popularity and relative success of the comparable sport of cricket, in which South Africa is one of the leading countries playing the sport.
The Union is a member of the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC), and the International Baseball Federation (IBAF). SABU is also an affiliate of the South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee (SASCOC), which, alongside Sport and Recreation South Africa (SRSA) supervises all organised sport in South Africa.

SABU controls the South African national baseball team, which has participated in several major events such as the Summer Olympics, World Baseball Classic, Baseball World Cup and the African Games.

The most notable South African born baseball players include Gift Ngoepe, Anthony Phillips and Dylan Unsworth

Anthony Phillips (baseball)
Anthony Gareth Phillips (born 11 April 1990) is a South African former professional baseball infielder. He has been a member of the Seattle Mariners, Philadelphia Phillies, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim and Colorado Rockies organizations. He bats and throws right-handed. He has been compared to a "young Chuck Knoblauch" by the Seattle Post-Intelligencer. José Moreno, Phillips' former manager, compared his style of play to that of David Eckstein. While not officially retired, Phillips is now a minor league coach.
Mantar (band)
Mantar (Turkish for "mushroom") is a German sludge metal duo. It was formed in 2012 by drummer Erinç Sakarya and guitarist Hanno Klänhardt. The two are originally from Bremen but later moved to Hamburg. Hanno Klänhardt lives in Gainesville, Florida since 2015. The band plays entirely without a bassist.

Sludge metal
Sludge metal (also known as sludge doom or simply sludge) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music that combines elements of doom metal and hardcore punk. The genre generally includes slow tempos, down-tuned guitars and nihilistic lyrics discussing poverty, drug addiction and pollution.

The sound of sludge metal has its origins in California hardcore punk bands in the early-to-mid-1980s like Black Flag, Flipper and Fang, who began slowing their tempos and embracing the influence of Black Sabbath. This sound was expanded upon by the Melvins towards the end of the decade and the bands they influenced in both the Seattle grunge scene, and in Louisiana with Eyehategod, Crowbar and Acid Bath. In the 1990s and 2000s, the sound of sludge diversified: bands including Neurosis, Isis and Cult of Luna helped to pioneer post-metal, while Baroness and Mastodon fused the genre with progressive metal, while Dystopia did so with crust punk and Grief with anarcho-punk.
Mid Fearn Halt railway station
Mid Fearn Halt was a small railway station in Mid Fearn in Ross-shire in Scotland. The station was provided  to serve Fearn Lodge.

The station opened on 1 October 1864 when the Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway opened its line from Invergordon to Ardgay (then known as Bonar Bridge).

The station was short lived, closing on 1 April 1865.

Despite its formal closure and withdrawal from the public timetables the halt was still used as a conditional stopping-place for the lodge and the wives and families of local railwaymen.

The station was described as Mid Fearn Halt in the Railway Clearing House handbook of 1938 but had also been known as Mid Fearn Station and West Fearn Platform .

Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway
The Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway (I&AJR) was a railway company in Scotland, created to connect other railways and complete the route between Inverness and Aberdeen. The Inverness and Nairn Railway had opened to the public on 7 November 1855 and the Great North of Scotland Railway (GNoSR) was building from Aberdeen to Keith. The I&AJR opened, closing the gap, on 18 August 1856.

It found the GNoSR a difficult partner and passenger journeys from Inverness to the south via Aberdeen were inconvenient and circuitous.
Elk Hill (Forest, Virginia)
Elk Hill is a historic plantation house located near Forest, Bedford County, Virginia. It was built about 1797, and consists of a 2+1⁄2-story, three bay brick central section with flanking wings in the Federal style. It has a slate gable roof and a front porch added in 1928, when restored by the architect Preston Craighill. The main block has twin brick exterior chimneys.  Also on the property are a contributing small, handsome brick office, a weatherboarded cook's house and storeroom, a lattice wellhouse, and icehouse.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Ice house (building)
An ice house or icehouse is a building used to store ice throughout the year, commonly used prior to the invention of the refrigerator. Some were underground chambers, usually man-made, located near natural sources of winter ice, such as freshwater lakes, but many were buildings with various types of insulation.

During the winter, ice and snow would be cut from lakes or rivers, taken into the ice house, and packed with insulation (often straw or sawdust). It would remain frozen for many months, often until the following winter, and could be used as a source of ice during the summer months.

The main application of ice was food preservation, but it could also be used to cool drinks or to prepare desserts such as ice cream and sorbet. During the heyday of the ice trade, a typical commercial ice house would store 2,700 tonnes (3,000 short tons) of ice in a 9-by-30-metre (30 by 100 ft) and 14-metre-high (45 ft) building.
Irit Lillian
Irit Lillian (Hebrew: אירית ליליאן; born 1962, in Rehovot, Israel) is the Israeli Ambassador to Turkey.

When Naftali Tamir was recalled as Ambassador to Australia, Lillian became the Acting Ambassador.

During her military service, Lillian was a producer and an editor in the IDF radio station (Galei Tsahal). She earned a B.A in Archaeology and Egyptology from the Tel Aviv University and M.A in Eastern and Western Studies in the HUJ.

Lillian joined the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1986. She was appointed the Israeli Ambassador to Turkey and ultimately served as the charge d'affaires at Ankara Embassy.

Rehovot
Rehovot (Hebrew: רחובות, romanized: Reḥōvōt, pronounced [ʁeχoˈvot] / [ʁeˈχovot]) is a city in the Central District of Israel, about 20 kilometers (12 miles) south of Tel Aviv. In 2023 it had a population of 153,416.
Four on a Garden
Four on a Garden is a set of four One-act plays that were presented on Broadway at the Broadhurst Theatre from January 30, 1971, until March 20, 1971. The set included House of Dunkelmayer, Betty, Toreador, and The Swingers. The four plays were originally written by French playwrights Pierre Barillet and Jean-Pierre Gredy  but were adapted into English by Abe Burrows. Burrows directed the show whose cast included Sid Caesar, Carol Channing, Tommy Lee Jones, and George S. Irving.

George S. Irving
George S. Irving (born Irving Shelasky; November 1, 1922 – December 26, 2016) was an American actor known primarily for his character roles on Broadway and as the voice of Heat Miser in the American Christmas television specials The Year Without a Santa Claus (1974) and A Miser Brothers' Christmas (2008).
August 1988 lunar eclipse
A partial lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Saturday, August 27, 1988, with an umbral magnitude of 0.2916. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A partial lunar eclipse occurs when one part of the Moon is in the Earth's umbra, while the other part is in the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring only about 7 hours before perigee (on August 17, 1988, at 17:50 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

Magnitude of eclipse
The magnitude of eclipse is the fraction of the angular diameter of a celestial body being eclipsed. This applies to all celestial eclipses. The magnitude of a partial or annular solar eclipse is always between 0.0 and 1.0, while the magnitude of a total solar eclipse is always greater than or equal to 1.0, and has a theoretically maximum value of around 1.12.

This measure is strictly a ratio of diameters and should not be confused with the covered fraction of the apparent area (disk) of the eclipsed body. Neither should it be confused with the astronomical magnitude scale of apparent brightness.
Qarqafti
Qarqafti (Arabic: قرقفتي) is a Syrian village in the Baniyas District in Tartous Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Qarqafti had a population of 927 in the 2004 census.

Baniyas District
Baniyas District (Arabic: منطقة بانياس, romanized: manṭiqat Bāniyās) is a district of the Tartus Governorate in northwestern Syria. Administrative centre is the city of Baniyas. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 174,233. The estimated population of the Alawites of the Baniyas District is approximately 105,000, while the population of Sunni Muslims is estimated at 45,000, in addition to 20,000 Christians, according to the Syrian network for human rights.
Ashwin Scott
Ashwin Robert Scott (born 2 June 1985) is a South African rugby union footballer.   He plays mostly as a winger.   He represents the SWD Eagles in the Currie Cup and Vodacom Cup having previously played for the Pumas.

Currie Cup
The Currie Cup (Afrikaans: Curriebeker) is South Africa's premier domestic rugby union competition featuring teams representing either entire provinces or substantial regions within provinces. The Currie Cup dates back to 1891.
Kanaka Creek
Kanaka Creek is a tributary of the Fraser River, in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It flows through Maple Ridge, a district municipality at the eastern edge of Metro Vancouver.

The creek's name is reflected in the name of the local community of Kanaka Creek.  Creek and community both were named for a settlement of Kanakas (Hawaiian natives) in the employ of the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC), known as Kanakas. The HBC trading post of Fort Langley was located just across the Fraser River from Kanaka Creek. Originally Fort Langley was a few kilometres downriver, at what is now Derby. The mouth of Kanaka Creek is between the old and new sites of Fort Langley.

Fraser River
The Fraser River (/ˈfreɪzər/) is the longest river within British Columbia, Canada, rising at Fraser Pass near Blackrock Mountain in the Rocky Mountains and flowing for 1,375 kilometres (854 mi), into the Strait of Georgia just south of the City of Vancouver. The river's annual discharge at its mouth is 112 cubic kilometres (27 mi3) or 3,550 cubic metres per second (125,000 cu ft/s), and each year, it discharges about 20 million tons of sediment into the ocean.