hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mihăiță Țigănescu
Mihăiță Vasile Țigănescu (born 4 February 1998) is a Romanian rower. Competing in coxless fours he won silver medals at the 2020 Summer Olympics, 2021 European Championships and 2019 World Rowing Championships.

2019 World Rowing Championships
The 2019 World Rowing Championships were held in Ottensheim, Austria from 25 August to 1 September 2019. Apart from Ottensheim, the right to host the championships was contested by Hamburg in Germany, Račice in the Czech Republic, and Varese in Italy.

The event determined the majority of qualifiers to the rowing competitions at the 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics in Tokyo, Japan.

On 21 August, three days before the championships, pararower Dzmitry Ryshkevich from Belarus died after he capsized during a training session. He was expected to participate in the PR1M1x at his third consecutive championships.
Kate Petty
Kate Petty (born Katharine Chapman, 9 June 1951 – 22 May 2007) was a British author of children's books including several on educational subjects with pop-ups and moveable parts.

Born in Welwyn Garden City, she studied at York University before becoming an editor at Jonathan Cape. One of her most successful publications was The Great Grammar Book, which was illustrated by Jennie Maizels, who illustrated several of her books. Petty was a prolific author, writing nearly 100 books, mostly non-fiction picture books for children.

She died in St Austell of cancer.

Jonathan Cape
Jonathan Cape is a British publishing firm headquartered in London and founded in 1921 by Herbert Jonathan Cape, who was head of the firm until his death in 1960.

Cape and his business partner Wren Howard (1893–1968) set up the publishing house in 1921. They established a reputation for high-quality design and production and a fine list of English-language authors, fostered by the firm's editor and reader Edward Garnett. Cape's list of writers ranged from poets including Robert Frost and C. Day Lewis, to children's authors such as Roald Dahl, Hugh Lofting and Arthur Ransome, to James Bond novels by Ian Fleming, to heavyweight fiction by James Joyce and T. E. Lawrence.

After Cape's death, the firm later merged successively with three other London publishing houses. In 1987 it was taken over by Random House. Its name continues as one of Random House's British imprints.
Aurora house snake
The Aurora house snake, Aurora snake, African house snake, or night snake (Lamprophis aurora) is a non-venomous species of lamprophiid snake. It is endemic to Southern Africa (South Africa, Lesotho, Eswatini, Botswana).

Venomous snake
Venomous snakes are species of the suborder Serpentes that are capable of producing venom, which they use for killing prey, for defense, and to assist with digestion of their prey. The venom is typically delivered by injection using hollow or grooved fangs, although some venomous snakes lack well-developed fangs. Common venomous snakes include the families Elapidae, Viperidae, Atractaspididae, and some of the Colubridae. The toxicity of venom is mainly indicated by murine LD50, while multiple factors are considered to judge the potential danger to humans. Other important factors for risk assessment include the likelihood that a snake will bite, the quantity of venom delivered with the bite, the efficiency of the delivery mechanism, and the location of a bite on the body of the victim. Snake venom may have both neurotoxic and hemotoxic properties. There are about 600 venomous snake species in the world.
Willi Krakau
Willi Krakau (4 December 1911, Felgeleben (now Schönebeck) – 26 April 1995) was a racing driver from Germany. During the late 1940s and early 1950s, he built a reputation as a constructor of special racing cars, sometimes based on the BMW 328, with which he enjoyed some success in various formulae including Formula Two.

Krakau's single entry into a World Championship race was at the 1952 German Grand Prix. Driving his six-cylinder AFM car, he completed the qualifying sessions but did not appear on the starting grid.

Prior to his motor racing exploits, Krakau had tried his hand at several sports, and was a member of the German rowing team at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

Krakau died in Peine in 1995.

BMW 328
The BMW 328 was a sports car produced by BMW from 1936 to 1940. Its body design is credited to Peter Szymanowski, who became BMW chief of design after World War II (although technically the car was designed by Fritz Fiedler).
Cuisine of Odisha
The cuisine of Odisha is the cuisine of the Indian state of Odisha. Compared to other regional Indian cuisines, Odia cuisine uses less oil and is less spicy, while nonetheless remaining flavorful. Rice is the staple food of this region. Mustard oil is used in some dishes as the cooking medium, but ghee (made of cow's milk) is preferred in temples. Odia foods are traditionally served either on brass or bronze metal plates, banana leaves, or disposable plates made of sal leaves.

Odia cooks, particularly from the Puri region, were much sought after due to their ability to cook food in accordance with the Hindu scriptures.

Yoghurt is used in many Odia dishes. Many sweets of the region are based on chhena (cheese).

Cooking oil
Cooking oil (also known as edible oil) is a plant or animal liquid fat used in frying, baking, and other types of cooking. Oil allows higher cooking temperatures than water, making cooking faster and more flavorful, while likewise distributing heat, reducing burning and uneven cooking. It sometimes imparts its own flavor. Cooking oil is also used in food preparation and flavoring not involving heat, such as salad dressings and bread dips.

Cooking oil is typically a liquid at room temperature, although some oils that contain saturated fat, such as coconut oil, palm oil and palm kernel oil, are solid.

There are a wide variety of cooking oils from plant sources, such as olive oil, palm oil, soybean oil, canola oil (rapeseed oil), corn oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil and other vegetable oils, as well as animal-based oils like butter and lard.

Oil can be flavored with aromatic foodstuffs such as herbs, chilies or garlic. Cooking spray is an aerosol of cooking oil.
Fish-hooking
Fish-hooking is the act of inserting a finger or fingers of one or both hands into the mouth, nostrils or other orifices of a person, and pulling away from the centerline of the body; in most cases with the intention of pulling, tearing, or lacerating the surrounding tissue. Forceful fish-hooking involves a high risk of permanent facial or orifice damage. Sometimes, the term fish hooking refers to a type of eye gouging.

Fish-hooking techniques are disallowed in modern combat sports, mixed martial arts and martial arts competitions due to the risk of permanent injury. This technique is, however, occasionally taught as part of self-defense curricula in some martial arts such as Krav Maga and Gōjū-ryū karate, and used to be part of catch wrestling as well.

Combat sport
A combat sport, or fighting sport, is a contact sport that usually involves one-on-one combat. In many combat sports, a contestant wins by scoring more points than the opponent, submitting the opponent with a hold, disabling the opponent (knockout, KO), or attacking the opponent in a specific or designated technique. Combat sports share a long history with the martial arts.

Some combat sports (and their national origin) include boxing (Greek-British), Brazilian jiu-jitsu (Japanese-Brazilian), catch wrestling (British-American), jujutsu (Japanese), judo (Japanese), freestyle wrestling (British-American), Greco-Roman wrestling (French), karate (Chinese-Okinawan-Japanese), kickboxing (numerous origins, mainly Southeast Asian), Lethwei (Burmese), mixed martial arts (numerous origins), Muay Thai (Thai), sambo (Soviet/Russian), sanda (Chinese), savate (French), taekwondo (Korean), Vale Tudo (Brazilian), pankration (Ancient Greek), luta livre (Brazilian), and folk wrestling (various).
Enoyl-CoA hydratase
Enoyl-CoA hydratase (ECH) or crotonase is an enzyme EC 4.2.1.17  that hydrates the double bond between the second and third carbons on 2-trans/cis-enoyl-CoA:

ECH is essential to metabolizing fatty acids in beta oxidation to produce both acetyl CoA and energy in the form of ATP.

ECH of rats is a hexameric protein (this trait is not universal, but human enzyme is also hexameric), which leads to the efficiency of this enzyme as it has 6 active sites. This enzyme has been discovered to be highly efficient, and allows people to metabolize fatty acids into energy very quickly. In fact this enzyme is so efficient that the rate for short chain fatty acids is equivalent to that of diffusion-controlled reactions.

Protein quaternary structure
Protein quaternary structure is the fourth (and highest) classification level of protein structure. Protein quaternary structure refers to the structure of proteins which are themselves composed of two or more smaller protein chains (also referred to as subunits). Protein quaternary structure describes the number and arrangement of multiple folded protein subunits in a multi-subunit complex. It includes organizations from simple dimers to large homooligomers and complexes with defined or variable numbers of subunits. In contrast to the first three levels of protein structure, not all proteins will have a quaternary structure since some proteins function as single units. Protein quaternary structure can also refer to biomolecular complexes of proteins with nucleic acids and other cofactors.
Ambohimandroso, Farafangana
Ambohimandroso is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Farafangana, which is a part of Atsimo-Atsinanana Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 10,000 in 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 99% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crop is coffee, while other important products are cassava, pepper and rice. Services provide employment for 1% of the population.

Atsimo-Atsinanana
Atsimo-Atsinanana (South East) is a region in Madagascar. Its capital is Farafangana. The region used to be part of the Fianarantsoa Province.

The region extends along the southern part of the east coast of Madagascar. It is bordered by Fitovinany and Haute Matsiatra (North), Ihorombe (West) and Anosy (South).

The population was 1,026,674 in 2018. It is among the poorest regions in the country, with a poverty rate of 83.9% according to a 2005 government report.
Norfolk Community Health and Care NHS Trust
Norfolk Community Health and Care NHS Trust is a provider of community services to a population of about 882,000 in Norfolk.  It was  established under the Transforming Community Services initiative. It comprises the community services previously run by Norfolk Primary Care Trust.

It employs 2,250 full-time equivalent members of staff.  Roisin Fallon-Williams was appointed chief executive in March 2015. in succession to Michael Scott. Lisa Christensen, former head of Norfolk County Council's children's services department resigned after two weeks as a non-executive member of the board in November 2014.

It is part of a joint venture with West Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust and Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust which took over the provision of community care in Suffolk from Serco in October 2015.

NHS primary care trust
Primary care trusts (PCTs) were part of the National Health Service in England from 2001 to 2013. PCTs were largely administrative bodies, responsible for commissioning primary, community and secondary health services from providers. Until 31 May 2011, they also provided community health services directly. Collectively PCTs were responsible for spending around 80 per cent of the total NHS budget. Primary care trusts were abolished on 31 March 2013 as part of the Health and Social Care Act 2012, with their work taken over by clinical commissioning groups.
The Adventures of Roderick Random
The Adventures of Roderick Random (1748) is a picaresque novel by Scottish author Tobias Smollett, notable for its episodic structure, satirical tone, and realistic portrayal of eighteenth-century British society. It is partially based on Smollett's experience as a naval-surgeon's mate in the Royal Navy, especially during the Battle of Cartagena de Indias in 1741. In the preface, Smollett acknowledges the connections of his novel to the two satirical picaresque works he translated into English: Miguel de Cervantes' Don Quixote (1605–15) and Alain-René Lesage's Gil Blas (1715–47)

Alain-René Lesage
Alain-René Lesage (French pronunciation: [alɛ̃ ʁəne ləsaʒ]; 6 May 1668 – 17 November 1747; older spelling Le Sage) was a French novelist and playwright. Lesage is best known for his comic novel The Devil upon Two Sticks (1707, Le Diable boiteux), his comedy Turcaret (1709), and his picaresque novel Gil Blas (1715–1735).
Colonel Joseph Barker House
The Colonel Joseph Barker House is a historic residence in Washington County, Ohio, United States.  Located north of Marietta, in the Muskingum Township community of Devola, it has changed little since its construction in the early nineteenth century, and it has been designated a historic site.

Historic site
A historic site or heritage site is an official location where pieces of political, military, cultural, or social history have been preserved due to their cultural heritage value. Historic sites are usually protected by law, and many have been recognized with official historic status. A historic site may be any building, landscape, site or structure that is of local, regional, national, or global significance. Usually this also means the site must be at least 50 years or older.
Wayllani (La Paz)
Wayllani (Aymara waylla Stipa obtusa, a kind of feather grass, -ni a suffix, "the one with the feather grass", also spelled Huayllani) is a 4,172 m (13,688 ft) mountain in the Chilla-Kimsa Chata mountain range in the Andes of Bolivia. It is located in the La Paz Department, Ingavi Province, on the border of the municipalities of Jesús de Machaca and Viacha. It lies southeast of Turini.

La Paz Department (Bolivia)
The La Paz Department of Bolivia comprises 133,985 square kilometres (51,732 sq mi) with a 2024 census population of 3,022,566 inhabitants. It is situated at the western border of Bolivia, sharing Lake Titicaca with the neighboring Peru. It contains the Cordillera Real mountain range, which reaches altitudes of 6.6 kilometers (22,000 ft). Northeast of the Cordillera Real are the Yungas, the steep eastern slopes of the Andes Mountains that make the transition to the Amazon River basin to the northeast. The capital of the department is the city of La Paz and is the administrative city and seat of government/national capital of Bolivia.
Ellis Street Graded School Historic District
Ellis Street Graded School Historic District is a national historic district located at Salisbury, Rowan County, North Carolina.  The district encompasses 76 contributing buildings and 1 contributing structure in a predominantly residential section of Salisbury.  They were built between about 1867 and 1948, and include notable examples of Italianate and Bungalow / American Craftsman style architecture.  Notable contributing resources include the Ellis Street Graded School building (1881) and Shober Bridge (c. 1940).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Rowan County, North Carolina
Rowan County (/roʊˈæn/ roh-AN), officially the County of Rowan, is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 146,875.  Its county seat, Salisbury, is the oldest continuously populated European-American town in the western half of North Carolina. Rowan County is located northeast of Charlotte, and is considered part of the Charlotte metropolitan area.

Established in 1753 from the upper part of Anson County, it was named after acting North Carolina governor Matthew Rowan. Originally a vast territory with unlimited western boundaries, Rowan County was reduced in size to 524 square miles (1,360 km2) after several counties were formed from it in the 18th and 19th centuries.
Sonja Barth
Sonja Louise Barth (21 May 1923 – 10 September 2016, née Skoklefald) was a Norwegian environmentalist.

During World War II she was active in XU, the secret Norwegian resistance operation whose activities were kept secret until 1988. In 2008 she described her experiences to Lars Otto Wollum, on condition that he publish nothing of them until after her death.

In 2008 she was appointed to the Royal Norwegian Order of Saint Olav. The citation referred to her work in public education and the dissemination of natural and cultural history, and to her work in the Rondane region.

On 14 November 1945 she married Edvard Kaurin Barth (1913–1996), a photographer and zoologist.

Rondane National Park
Rondane National Park (Norwegian: Rondane nasjonalpark) is the oldest national park in Norway, established on 21 December 1962. The park is located in Innlandet county, in the municipalities of Dovre, Folldal, Sel, Nord-Fron, Sør-Fron, Stor-Elvdal, and Ringebu. The park contains ten peaks above 2,000 metres (6,560 ft), with the highest being Rondeslottet at an altitude of 2,178 m (7,146 ft). The park is an important habitat for herds of wild reindeer.

The park was enlarged in 2003, and now covers an area of 963 km2 (372 sq mi). Rondane lies just to the east of the Gudbrandsdalen valley and two other mountain areas, Dovre and Jotunheimen are nearby. Dovre National Park lies a very short distance to the north of this park.
Double Dragon (TV series)
Double Dragon is an animated series based on the NES versions of the Double Dragon video game trilogy, that ran for 26 half-hour episodes from 1993 to 1994. It was produced by DIC Animation City, Bohbot Entertainment, and Italian studio Reteitalia, S.p.A., in association with Spanish network Telecinco.

Telecinco
Telecinco is a Spanish free-to-air television channel operated by Mediaset España. The channel was previously known as Tele 5, because it had first begun its experimental transmissions on 10 March 1989, and a year later, it was officially launched on 3 March 1990, becoming the fifth of the national terrestrial television channels and the second private channel in Spain. In 1997, Tele 5 was rebranded as Telecinco, dropping the biscione-absent flower logo seen in other Mediaset channel logos.
Nutritional value
Nutritional value or nutritive value as part of food quality is the measure of a well-balanced ratio of the essential nutrients carbohydrates, fat, protein, minerals, and vitamins in items of food or diet concerning the nutrient requirements of their consumer. Several nutritional rating systems and nutrition facts label have been implemented to rank food in terms of its nutritional value. International and national guidelines exist to inform consumers about optimal nutrient intake from their diets.

On a biological scale, nutritive value of food may vary for different health conditions (leading to dietary recommendations and particular diet foods), seasonal differences, age, sexual differences, and interspecies or taxonomic differences.

Diet food
Diet food (or dietetic food) refers to any food or beverage whose recipe is altered to reduce fat, carbohydrates, and/or sugar in order to make it part of a weight loss program or diet. Such foods are usually intended to assist in weight loss or a change in body type, although bodybuilding supplements are designed to increase weight.
Brukkaros Mountain
Brukkaros Mountain (Khoekhoe: Geitsi Gubib) is a collapsed caldera in the Berseba Constituency of ǁKaras Region, Namibia. Measuring 1,590 metres at its peak on the eastern edge of the crater, Brukkaros is located about 15 kilometres northeast of the primarily Nama town of Berseba and 100 kilometres north-northwest of Keetmanshoop. It is over 650 metres taller than the surrounding area, but the crater floor is  350 m below the rim.

Khoekhoe language
Khoekhoe or Khoikhoi (/ˈkɔɪ.kɔɪ/ KOY-koy; Khoekhoegowab, Khoekhoe pronunciation: [k͡xʰo̜͡ek͡xʰo̜͡egowab]), also known by the ethnic terms Nama (/ˈnɑː.mə/ NAH-mə; Namagowab), Damara (ǂNūkhoegowab), or Nama/Damara and formerly as Hottentot, is the most widespread of the non-Bantu languages of Southern Africa that make heavy use of click consonants and therefore were formerly classified as Khoisan, a grouping now recognized as obsolete. It belongs to the Khoe language family, and is spoken in Namibia, Botswana, and South Africa primarily by three ethnic groups: Namakhoen, ǂNūkhoen, and Haiǁomkhoen.
Audsley
Audsley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dylan Audsley (born 1994), American rugby union player

George Ashdown Audsley (1838–1925), Scottish architect, artist, illustrator, writer, decorator and pipe organ designer

Jack Audsley (1892–1942), Australian rules footballer

Mary Audsley (1919–2008), British painter and sculptor

Mick Audsley (born 1949), British film and television editor

Nicholas Audsley (born 1982), British actor

William Audsley (1833–1907), Scottish architect

Dylan Audsley
Dylan Audsley (born January 15, 1994) is an American rugby union player who plays center and fullback for the San Diego Legion in Major League Rugby (MLR) and the United States men's national team.

In 2016, Audsley was the first recipient of the Rudy Scholz Award, given to the best men’s college rugby player in the United States.
Deputy Clerk of the Closet
Christianity portal

The Deputy Clerk of the Closet is the Domestic Chaplain to the Sovereign of the United Kingdom. The office was created in 1677. Since 1931, the Deputy Clerk is also the sub-dean of the Chapel Royal (under the Clerk of the Closet). The Deputy Clerk is the only full-time clerical member of the Ecclesiastical Household of the Monarch of the United Kingdom.

From 1746 until 1903 there were three Deputy Clerks. By 1923 there was only one.

Monarch
A monarch (/ˈmɒnərk/) is a head of state for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch usually exercises the highest authority and power in the state. Usually, a monarch either personally inherits the lawful right to exercise the state's sovereign rights (often referred to as the throne or the crown) or is selected by an established process from a family or cohort eligible to provide the nation's monarch. Alternatively, an individual may proclaim oneself monarch, or even usurp power, as many Ancient Greek tyrants did. If a young child is crowned the monarch, then a regent is often appointed to govern until the monarch reaches the requisite adult age to rule.
Numerius (praenomen)
Numerius (/njuːˈmɛriəs/ new-MERR-ee-əs, Latin: [nʊˈmɛri.ʊs]), feminine Numeria, is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, usually abbreviated N. The name was never especially common, but was used throughout the period of the Roman Republic, and into imperial times.  The praenomen also gave rise to the patronymic gens Numeria.

Although Numerius was occasionally used by patrician gentes, such as the Furii and the Valerii, the only patrician family to use the name regularly was the gens Fabia. Festus relates the story of how Numerius was introduced to the family after a survivor of the Battle of the Cremera married a daughter of Numerius Otacilius of Maleventum. The name was used more widely amongst the plebeians and in the countryside, and was relatively common in southern Italy.  In Roman law, the name Numerius Negidius was used to refer to a hypothetical defendant.

Battle of the Cremera
The Battle of the Cremera was fought between the Roman Republic and the Etruscan city of Veii, in 477 BC (AUC 277).

It most likely occurred on 18 July, although Ovid gives a different date of 13 February.