hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giessen
Giessen, spelled Gießen in German (German pronunciation: [ˈɡiːsn̩] ⓘ), is a town in the German state (Bundesland) of Hesse, capital of both the district of Giessen and the administrative region of Giessen. The population is approximately 90,000, with roughly 37,000 university students.

The name comes from Giezzen, as it was first referred to in 1197, which refers to the position of the town between several rivers, lakes and streams. The largest river in Giessen is the Lahn, which divides the town in two parts (west and east), roughly 50 kilometres (31 miles) north of Frankfurt am Main. Giessen is also home to the University of Giessen.

In 1969, the town hosted the ninth Hessentag state festival.

Hessentag
The Hessentag (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛsn̩taːk]; English: Hesse Day) is an annual event, both fair and festival, organized by the German state of Hesse to represent the different regions of Hesse. The events are shown for a week to the visitors, with an emphasis on cultural displays and exhibitions. It is the oldest and largest state festival (Landesfest) in Germany.
Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War
During the American Revolutionary War, the Continental Army and British Army conducted espionage operations against one another to collect military intelligence to inform military operations. In addition, both sides conducted political action, covert action, counterintelligence, deception, and propaganda operations as part of their overall strategies.

American intelligence was monitored and sanctioned by the Continental Congress to provide military intelligence to the Continental Army to aid them in fighting the British during the American Revolutionary War. Congress created a Secret Committee for domestic intelligence, a Committee of Secret Correspondence for foreign intelligence, and a committee on spies, for tracking spies within the Patriot movement.

British espionage efforts were overseen by the British Army and focused primarily on gathering military intelligence to support military operations.

John A. Nagy
John Allan Nagy (1946 – April 1, 2016), was a nonfiction writer on the American Revolution with an expertise in the field of espionage and mutinies.

Nagy was born in Perth Amboy, New Jersey and graduated from Perth Amboy High School in 1964. In 1968 he graduated from Saint Francis University, Loretto, Pennsylvania. He later attended Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, and graduated in 1979 with a master's degree in Management Science. He lived in Mount Laurel, New Jersey. Nagy died at his home in New Jersey on April 1, 2016.
Westerville High School-Vine Street School
The Westerville High School-Vine Street School is a historic school in Westerville, Ohio. It was built in 1896 by the Columbus architecture firm of Yost and Packard. The high school is an example of Romanesque Revival architecture.

The building was opened to the public on during a grand ceremony on March 19, 1896. Today, the school is referred to as the Emerson Magnet school, which specializes in teaching children foreign languages and cultures.

Opening ceremony
An opening ceremony, grand opening, or ribbon-cutting ceremony marks the official opening of a newly constructed location or the start of an event. Opening ceremonies at significant events such as the Olympic Games, FIFA World Cup, and the Rugby World Cup might involve thousands of participants and be watched worldwide. Such tournaments often also include a closing ceremony at the end of the event.
Saint George CSI Church, Pallikkunnu
St. George CSI Church is a church under the Diocese of East Kerala of the Church of South India (CSI), located in Pallikkunnu, Idukki. The church was built in 1869 by the British and Saint George is the patron saint of the church.

Diocese of East Kerala of the Church of South India
The East Kerala Diocese is one of the twenty-four dioceses of the Church of South India covering the eastern part of Kerala.The diocese headquarters is at Melukavu, Kottayam. The Church of South India is a United Protestant denomination.
Ancylosis deserticola
Ancylosis deserticola is a species of snout moth in the genus Ancylosis. It was described by Staudinger, in 1870. It is found in Spain, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and Russia.

The wingspan is 14–17 mm.

Otto Staudinger
Otto Staudinger (2 May 1830 – 13 October 1900) was a German entomologist and a natural history dealer considered one of the largest in the world specialising in the collection and sale of insects to museums, scientific institutions, and individuals.
Summer (Goya)
Summer (Spanish - El verano) or The Threshing Floor (Spanish - La era) is the largest cartoon painted by Francisco de Goya as a tapestry design for Spain's Royal Tapestry Factory. Painted from 1786 to 1787, it was part of his fifth series, dedicated to traditional themes and intended for the heir to the Spanish throne and his wife (the Prince and Princess of Asturias). The tapestries were to hang in the couple's dining room at the Pardo Palace.

The cartoon is now in the Museo del Prado in Madrid, whilst a smaller sketch for the work known as The Threshing Floor is in the Lázaro Galdiano Museum.

Royal Palace of El Pardo
The Royal Palace of El Pardo (Spanish: Palacio Real de El Pardo, pronounced [paˈlaθjo reˈal de el ˈpaɾðo]) is one of the official residences of the Spanish royal family and one of the oldest, being used by the Spanish monarchs since Henry III of Castile in the 15th century. The palace is owned by the Spanish government, administered by a state agency named Patrimonio Nacional (National Heritage) and it currently serves as a state guest house.
Ruben Nembhard
Ruben R. Nembhard (born February 20, 1972) is an American former professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball Association (NBA). A 6-foot-3-inch (1.91 m), 208-pound (94 kg) guard, he last played in the Venezuelan LPB for Gaiteros del Zulia.

Born in The Bronx, New York, Nembhard attended Weber State University and Paris Junior College, and had a brief career in the NBA, playing a combined total of ten games for the Portland Trail Blazers and the Utah Jazz during the 1996–97 season. During the 1997–98 season he played with Iraklis Thessaloniki B.C. having 18.2 points average. Nembhard played for the Fargo-Moorhead Beez of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) during the 2001–02 season and was selected to the All-CBA First Team. He also played 12 games for the Townsville Crocodiles of the Australian NBL in 2003–04.

Nembhard and his wife Terri have two children, son RJ and daughter Jayden.

Townsville Crocodiles
The Townsville Crocodiles were an Australian professional men's basketball team based in the North Queensland city of Townsville. They competed in the National Basketball League (NBL) and played their home games at the Townsville Entertainment and Convention Centre. Between their inception in 1993 and their final season in 2015–16, the Crocodiles enjoyed financial stability and sustained community support, but on-court success eluded them.
Sam Boardman-Jacobs
Sam Boardman-Jacobs (1942 – January 2022) was a Yorkshire-born playwright, director, and scenographer who was raised in the Midlands and London. After living in Glamorgan, Wales for 25 years, he later resided in France and Spain. He also received a master's degree from Trinity Laban, and became a choreographer. Prior to his death, he commuted between France, Spain, and the UK.

The Public (play)
The Public (El público), also known as The Audience, is a play by the twentieth-century Spanish dramatist Federico García Lorca. It was written between 1929 and 1930. The two complete manuscripts which once existed have not been found, and may be lost. All that is known is an earlier draft, missing an act. It remained unpublished until 1978 and did not receive its first professional theatrical production until 1986. The world premiere of the play was directed by Victoria Espinosa on 15 February 1978 at the University of Puerto Rico.
Thomasset's Seychelles frog
Thomasset's Seychelles frog or Thomasset's frog (Sooglossus thomasseti) is a species of frog in the family Sooglossidae. It is endemic to Seychelles. There are two known populations: one on Silhouette Island and one on Mahé Island.

The natural habitats of this frog are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, and intermittent rivers. Eggs are laid among rocks and hatch into miniature adults, bypassing a larval stage. The species is threatened by habitat loss.

Genetic analysis indicates that the two populations of this species are distinct from each other and are possibly even separate species. It has thus been proposed that both populations be considered evolutionary significant units for conservation purposes.

This frog, the rarest in Seychelles, was named for its discoverer, Hans Paul Thomasset (1862-1949).

Silhouette Island
Silhouette Island lies 20 km (12 mi) northwest of Mahé in the Seychelles. It is the third largest granitic island in the Seychelles. It has an area of 20.1 km2 and has a population of 200, mostly workers on the island. The main settlement is La Passe, where Hilton Hotel is located. The name Silhouette was given after Étienne de Silhouette (1709-1767), the French minister of finances under Louis XV.
2024 Georgia House of Representatives election
The 2024 Georgia House of Representatives elections were held on November 5, 2024. Voters in each of Georgia's 180 legislative districts elected a state representative to the Georgia House of Representatives.  All 180 seats were up for election. Candidate qualifying ended on March 8, 2024. Primary elections were held on May 21, 2024.

Georgia House of Representatives
33°44′57″N 84°23′18″W﻿ / ﻿33.749070°N 84.388362°W﻿ / 33.749070; -84.388362

The Georgia House of Representatives is the lower house of the Georgia General Assembly (the state legislature) of the U.S. state of Georgia. There are currently 180 elected members. Republicans have had a majority in the chamber since 2005. The current House Speaker is Jon G. Burns.
Regular temperament
A regular temperament is any tempered system of musical tuning such that each frequency ratio is obtainable as a product of powers of a finite number of generators, or generating frequency ratios. For instance, in 12-TET, the system of music most commonly used in the Western world, the generator is a tempered fifth (700 cents), which is the basis behind the circle of fifths.

When only two generators are needed, with one of them the octave, this is sometimes called a "linear temperament". The best-known example of linear temperaments are meantone temperaments, where the generating intervals are usually given in terms of a slightly flattened fifth and the octave. Other linear temperaments include the schismatic temperament of Hermann von Helmholtz and miracle temperament.

Schismatic temperament
A schismatic temperament is a musical tuning system that results from tempering the schisma of 32805:32768 (1.9537 cents) to a unison. It is also called the schismic temperament, Helmholtz temperament, or quasi-Pythagorean temperament.
Lob der Frauen
Lob der Frauen (Praise of Women), Op. 315, is a polka-mazurka composed by Johann Strauss II. The composition was first performed at the Vienna Volksgarten at the 1867 Carnival in Vienna. The work was performed alongside other compositions that Strauss had written around that period, including the famous waltzes Blue Danube and Artist's Life.

Polka
Polka is a dance style and genre of dance music in 24 originating in nineteenth-century Bohemia, now part of the Czech Republic. Though generally associated with Czech and Central European culture, polka is popular throughout Europe and the Americas.
Osík
Osík is a municipality and village in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,100 inhabitants.

Osík lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) north-west of Svitavy, 42 km (26 mi) south-east of Pardubice, and 136 km (85 mi) east of Prague.

Svitavy
Svitavy (Czech pronunciation: [ˈsvɪtavɪ]; German: Zwittau) is a town in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 16,000 inhabitants. It is the birthplace of Oskar Schindler and the centre of the Czech Esperanto movement. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Thomas Danby (mayor)
Thomas Danby (1631–1667) of Farnley and Thorpe Perrow was the first Mayor of Leeds (1661–62).

He was born in 1631, the son of Sir Thomas Danby (1610–1660) of Farnley Hall (West Yorkshire), and his wife Katherine Wandesford, and married Margaret Eure in 1659.

In 1660 he became Member of Parliament for Malton, and in 1661 (via a charter for the city of Leeds from King Charles II) he became the first Mayor of Leeds. The mayoral duties were actually carried out by his deputy Edward Atkinson, but Danby's symbols were added to the Leeds coat of arms.

He died on 31 July 1667 in a sword fight in a London tavern.

Thomas Danby College was named after him.

Malton (UK Parliament constituency)
Malton, also called New Malton, was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England in 1295 and 1298, and again from 1640, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885. It was represented by two Members of Parliament until 1868, among them the political philosopher Edmund Burke, and by one member from 1868 to 1885.

The constituency was divided between the new Thirsk and Malton division of the North Riding of Yorkshire and the Buckrose division of the East Riding of Yorkshire from 1885.
Pinnower Kiessee
The Pinnower Kiessee was created by the accumulation of groundwater in a gravel pit in the municipal area of the Ludwigslust-Parchim district in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The lake lies about ten kilometers southeast of Schwerin and 1.3 kilometers from the eastern shore of Lake Pinnower. Inflow and outflow do not exist. Currently (2008) the lake measures 1.2 km in length and up to 530 meters in width. Each year, more than half a million tons of gravel and sand are removed.

Ludwigslust-Parchim
Ludwigslust-Parchim, commonly abbreviated as LUP, is a rural district in the southwest of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. At 4,750 km2 (1,830 mi2) it is the second largest district in all of Germany by area, only being surpassed by neighboring Mecklenburgische Seenplatte, while also having the lowest population density of the districts in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and the sixth-lowest in Germany overall. Its territory comprises 145 municipalities, 16 thereof towns, most of which are administered by one of the 15 constituent Ämter in the district. The seat of the district administration is Parchim. It is a member of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region.
Brian Pinkney
Brian Pinkney (born August 28, 1961) is an American illustrator.

Pinkney was born in Boston.  His father, Jerry Pinkney, was also an illustrator and his mother, Gloria Jean, was an author, milliner, and silversmith.  Both had studios in their home.  Pinkney was encouraged by his parents to use the materials in the studio.  He went on to earn a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from the Philadelphia College of Art in 1983 and after working as a freelance illustrator for several years, he returned to college.  This time, he earned a Master of Fine Arts degree in illustration from the School of Visual Arts in 1990.

As of 2019, he is living with his wife Andrea Davis Pinkney and their two children in Brooklyn, New York.  They often work together on projects and between them, have published over seventy children's books.

Silversmith
A silversmith is a metalworker who crafts objects from silver. The terms silversmith and goldsmith are not exact synonyms, as the techniques, training, history, and guilds are (or were, at least) largely the same but differed in that the end product may vary greatly (as may the scale of objects created).
Freystadt
"Freystadt" is also the German names for Kisielice and Kożuchów, Poland.

Freystadt (German pronunciation: [ˈfʁaɪʃtat] ⓘ; Northern Bavarian: Freystod) is a town  in the district of Neumarkt in Bavaria. It is situated near the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal, 14 km southwest of Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz, and 33 km southeast of Nuremberg.

Rhine–Main–Danube Canal
49°11′30″N 11°15′3″E﻿ / ﻿49.19167°N 11.25083°E﻿ / 49.19167; 11.25083﻿ (Rhine–Main–Danube Canal)

The Rhine–Main–Danube Canal (German: Rhein-Main-Donau-Kanal; also called Main-Danube Canal, RMD Canal or Europa Canal) is a canal in Bavaria, Germany.  Connecting the Main and the Danube rivers across the European Watershed, it runs from Bamberg via Nuremberg to Kelheim. The canal connects the North Sea and Atlantic Ocean to the Black Sea, providing a navigable artery between the Rhine delta (at Rotterdam in the Netherlands), and the Danube Delta in south-eastern Romania and south-western Ukraine (or Constanța, through the Danube–Black Sea Canal). The present canal was completed in 1992 and is 171 kilometres (106 mi) long.
Berta Dovidova
Berta Dovidova (Uzbek: Берта Довидова; 20 December 1922, Yazyavan – 1 August 2007, Tashkent) was an Uzbek and Soviet singer and music teacher, People's Artist of the Uzbek SSR (1964). She is best known as the first female performer of maqams, the traditional musical style of Central Asia.

People's Artist of the USSR
People's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to artists of the Soviet Union. The term is confusingly used to translate two Russian language titles: Народный артист СССР (Narodny artist SSSR), awarded in performing arts and Народный художник СССР (Narodny khudozhnik SSSR), granted in some visual arts.

As those titles were granted by the government, honorees were afforded certain privileges and would often receive commissions from the Minister of Culture of the Soviet Union. Accordingly, artists and authors who expressed criticism of the Communist Party were seldom granted such recognition, if not outright censored. Each Soviet Republic, as well as the Autonomous Republics (ASSRs), had a similar award that would be held previously by virtually every receiver of the higher title of People's Artist of the USSR.
Gaspar de Zúñiga, 5th Count of Monterrey
Gaspar de Zúñiga Acevedo y Fonseca, 5th Count of Monterrey (1560 – March 16, 1606) was a Spanish nobleman who was the ninth viceroy of New Spain. He governed from November 5, 1595, to October 26, 1603. From January 18, 1604, until his death in 1606, he was viceroy of Peru.

Quivira
Quivira was a province of the ancestral Wichita people, located near the Great Bend of the Arkansas River in central Kansas, The exact site may be near present-day Lyons extending northeast to Salina.

The Wichita city of Etzanoa, which flourished between 1450 and 1700, is likely part of Quivira.

Spanish conquistador and explorer Francisco Vázquez de Coronado visited in 1541.
Mutti (surname)
Mutti is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Albert Frederick Mutti (born 1938), American Bishop of the United Methodist Church

Bortolo Mutti (born 1954), Italian soccer player and manager

Callisto Mutti, co-founder of Mutti (company)

Chisanda Mutti (1957–1999), Zambian boxer

Emiliano Mutti (born 1933), Italian geologist

Jethro Mutti (1934–2013), Zambian politician

Marcellino Mutti (1862–1941), co-founder of Mutti (company)

Nelly Mutti (born 1956), Zambian lawyer

Chisanda Mutti
Chisanda "Kent Green" Mutti (14 February 1957 — late 1990s) was a Zambian professional boxer of the 1970s and 1980s who won the Zambia middleweight title, Zambia light heavyweight title, and Commonwealth cruiserweight title, and was a challenger for the Commonwealth middleweight title against Tony Sibson, Commonwealth light heavyweight title against Lottie Mwale, African Boxing Union light heavyweight title against Lottie Mwale, and International Boxing Federation (IBF) cruiserweight title against Lee Roy Murphy, and Rickey Parkey, his professional fighting weight varied from 160 lb (73 kg; 11 st 6 lb), i.e. middleweight to 192 lb (87 kg; 13 st 10 lb), i.e. heavyweight.
Airheads (candy)
Airheads is an American brand of taffy candy owned by the Italian-Dutch company Perfetti Van Melle. They were created on August 7, 1985, by Steve Bruner. Airheads are available nationwide in the United States and Canada in 16 different flavors.

Lollipop
A lollipop is a type of sugar candy usually consisting of hard candy mounted on a stick and intended for sucking or licking. Different informal terms are used in different places, including lolly and sucker. Lollipops are available in many flavors and shapes.
Jai (rapper)
Jaime La'Treecia Williams (born November 5, 1981; née, Vaughn), who goes by the stage name Jai (pronounced, Jay), is an American Christian R&B, and urban contemporary gospel artist and musician. She started her music career, in 2009, with the release of Focus EP. She saw her first studio album, Culture Shock, chart on two Billboard charts Christian Albums and the Top Gospel Albums. The album was released in 2011 with Outlet Records Music Group and Central South Infinity Distribution.

Urban contemporary gospel
Urban/contemporary gospel, also known as urban gospel music, urban gospel pop, or just simply urban gospel, is a modern subgenre of gospel music. Although the style developed gradually, early forms are generally dated to the 1970s, and the genre was well established by the end of the 1980s. The radio format is pitched primarily to African-Americans. Christian hip hop can be considered a subtype of this genre.
William Thompson (New South Wales politician)
William Thompson (22 January 1862 – 6 October 1937) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Queanbeyan to surveyor James Banford Thompson and Margaret Carroll. From 1878 to 1885 he was a clerk in the Colonial Architect's office, before becoming a quantity surveyor and moving to Ryde in 1898. On 4 March 1885 he had married Florence Single, with whom he had three children. He owned a horse farm on the Hawkesbury River and was a founder of the William Thompson Masonic School at Baulkham Hills, New South Wales, which operated from 1922 to 1972, and the New South Wales Masonic Schools Welfare Fund which, as A Start in Life, continues to assist indigent youth. He was a Freemason and Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of New South Wales from 1914 until 1924. In 1913 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Liberal member for Ryde, serving until his retirement in 1920. In 1923 he established the Masonic Youth Welfare Fund. Thompson died at Ashfield in 1937.

Grand Master (Freemasonry)
A Grand Master is a title of honour as well as an office in Freemasonry, given to a freemason elected to oversee a Masonic jurisdiction, derived from the office of Grand Masters in chivalric orders. He presides over a Grand Lodge and has certain rights in the constituent Lodges that form his jurisdiction. In most cases, the Grand Master is styled "Most Worshipful Grand Master." One example of a differing title exists in the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, where the Grand Master is titled "Right Worshipful". Under the Grand Lodge of Scotland, the role is titled "Grand Master Mason".