hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Augusto Rado
Augusto Rado (21 November 1912 – 8 October 1996) was an Italian tennis player.

An Italian junior champion from Milan, Rado was a lightly built player, known for his speed on court.

Rado competed during the 1930s, with appearances for the Italy Davis Cup team in 1933 and 1934. His 1933 Davis Cup rubbers were in doubles only, then in 1934 he took the spot of Uberto De Morpurgo and featured in six singles rubbers, of which he won three. He made the singles third round of the 1935 French Championships, losing to Don Turnbull.

Don Turnbull (tennis)
Donald Paterson Turnbull (28 May 1909 – 30 January 1994) was an Australian professional tennis player. He won the men's doubles title at the Australian Championships twice, in 1936 and 1937. Turnbull represented Australia in three Davis Cup ties, including the 1933 Europe Zone final against Great Britain. Turnbull beat defending champion Edgar Moon at the 1931 Australian Championships. Turnbull's forehand was in fine form and Moon made the mistake of not targeting Turnbull's weaker backhand. Turnbull came from 2–0 down in the fifth set to win. Turnbull lost in the semifinals to Jack Crawford in straight sets.
Peptone water
Peptone water is a microbial growth medium composed of peptic digest of animal tissue and sodium chloride. The pH of the medium is 7.2±0.2 at 25 °C and is rich in tryptophan. Peptone water is also a non-selective broth medium which can be used as a primary enrichment medium for the growth of bacteria.

Tryptophan
Tryptophan (symbol Trp or W) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Tryptophan contains an α-amino group, an α-carboxylic acid group, and a side chain indole, making it a polar molecule with a non-polar aromatic beta carbon substituent. Tryptophan is also a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin, the hormone melatonin, and vitamin B3 (niacin). It is encoded by the codon UGG.

Like other amino acids, tryptophan is a zwitterion at physiological pH where the amino group is protonated (–NH+3; pKa = 9.39) and the carboxylic acid is deprotonated ( –COO−; pKa = 2.38).

Humans and many animals cannot synthesize tryptophan: they need to obtain it through their diet, making it an essential amino acid.

Tryptophan is named after the digestive enzymes trypsin, which were used in its first isolation from casein proteins. It was assigned the one-letter symbol W based on the double ring being visually suggestive to the bulky letter.
Guerrilla (2011 film)
Guerrilla (Bengali: গেরিলা) is a 2011 Bangladeshi historical drama film based on the events of the Bangladesh Liberation War. It is an adaptation of the novel Nishiddho Loban by Syed Shamsul Huq and was released on 14 April 2011. It has been envisioned by the director of the film Nasiruddin Yousuf Bachchu. He has crafted the film Guerrilla with his own experience as a freedom fighter of 1971.

Altaf Mahmud
Altaf Mahmud (23 December 1933 – September 1971) was a musician, cultural activist, and martyred freedom fighter of the Bangladesh Liberation War. He was also a language activist of the Language Movement and composer of "Amar Bhaier Rokte Rangano", the famous song written to commemorate the event. He was awarded Ekushey Padak in 1977 and Independence Day Award in 2004 posthumously by the government of Bangladesh.
Geologryggen
Geologryggen is a mountain ridge in Oscar II Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The ridge has a length of about four kilometers, and is located between Kjerulfbreen and Esmarkbreen. Geologryggen is included in the Nordre Isfjorden National Park.

Nordre Isfjorden National Park
Nordre Isfjorden National Park (Norwegian: Nordre Isfjorden nasjonalpark) lies on Spitsbergen Island in the Svalbard archipelago, Norway. It lies across the Isfjorden north of Barentsburg. The park was opened in 2003.

The park carries the name of the fjord Isfjorden, one of the largest fjords in Svalbard. On the northern section of this fjord lies a virgin coastal landscape that sustains considerable vegetation and wildlife.
St. Adalbert Polish Catholic Church
St. Adalbert Polish Catholic Church is a historic church at 1511 Valley Street in Dayton, Ohio.

On Sunday, April 30, 1905,St. Adalbert Church was dedicated by Archbishop Henry K. Moeller of Cincinnati.

In 1954, parishioners build a new rectory and grotto shrine at the church.

In 1961, preparations began for the building of a new St. Adalbert's church.  On Holy Thursday, March 23, 1967, the first mass was held at the new church. It was dedicated on the Feast of St. Adalbert, April 23, 1967.

In 2016, the old church building was sold by the Archdiocese of Cincinnati and converted into a madrasah for the neighboring Diyanet mosque

Shrine
A shrine (Latin: scrinium "case or chest for books or papers"; Old French: escrin "box or case") is a sacred space dedicated to a specific deity, ancestor, hero, martyr, saint, daemon, or similar figure of respect, wherein they are venerated or worshipped. Shrines often contain idols, relics, or other such objects associated with the figure being venerated. A shrine at which votive offerings are made is called an altar.

Shrines are found in many of the world's religions, including Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Chinese folk religion, Shinto, indigenous Philippine folk religions, and Germanic paganism as well as in secular and non-religious settings such as a war memorial. Shrines can be found in various settings, such as churches, temples, cemeteries, or as household shrines. Portable shrines are also found in some cultures.
49th Legislature of the Chamber of Deputies of Uruguay
The Forty-Nine Legislature of the Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay was a meeting of the lower house of the Uruguayan General Assembly. It convened in Montevideo, on February 15, 2020, and ended on February 15, 2025, during the presidency of Luis Alberto Lacalle Pou. Deputies were elected in the 2019 general election in nineteen constituencies.

Broad Front (Uruguay)
The Broad Front (Spanish: Frente Amplio, FA) is a political coalition in Uruguay. Since 2025, it has been the ruling party of Uruguay, having previously ruled from 2005 to 2020 and has produced three presidents: Tabaré Vázquez (2005–2010; 2015–2020), José Mujica (2010–2015) and Yamandú Orsi (2025–present). Since 1999, it has been the largest party in Uruguay's General Assembly.
CircuitMaker
CircuitMaker is electronic design automation software for printed circuit board designs, for the hobby, hacker, and maker community. CircuitMaker is available as freeware, and the hardware designed with it may be used for commercial and non-commercial purposes without limitations. It is currently available publicly as version 2.0 by Altium Limited, with the first non-beta release on January 17, 2016.

Hackerspace
A hackerspace (also referred to as a hacklab, hackspace, or makerspace) is a community-operated, often "not for profit" (501(c)(3) in the United States), workspace where people with common interests, such as computers, machining, technology, science, digital art, or electronic art, can meet, socialize, and collaborate. Hackerspaces are comparable to other community-operated spaces with similar aims and mechanisms such as Fab Lab, men's sheds, and commercial "for-profit" companies.
Hamble Valley
Hamble Valley is a parliamentary constituency in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. Following the completion of the 2023 periodic review of Westminster constituencies, it was first contested in the 2024 general election. It is represented by Paul Holmes of the Conservative Party, who served as the MP for Eastleigh from 2019 to 2024.

Park Gate
Park Gate is a village in the Fareham district in Hampshire, England. It borders Locks Heath to the south, Segensworth to the east and Sarisbury to the west. Park Gate has two churches, Duncan Road Church and St Margaret Mary R.C. It also has three takeaway shops.
Bachmeier
Bachmeier is a German surname. Notable people with it include:

Adolph Bachmeier (1937–2016), American-Romanian soccer player

Hank Bachmeier (born 1999), American football quarterback

Jacob Bachmeier (born 1998), American politician

Marianne Bachmeier (1950–1996), West German vigilante killer

Hank Bachmeier
Hank Bachmeier (born July 14, 1999) is an American professional football quarterback for the Orlando Storm of the United Football League (UFL). He played college football for the Boise State Broncos, Louisiana Tech Bulldogs, and Wake Forest Demon Deacons.
Desloratadine
Desloratadine, sold under the brand name Aerius among others, is a tricyclic H1 inverse agonist that is used to treat allergies. It is the major active metabolite of loratadine.

It was patented in 1984 and came into medical use in 2001. It was brought to the market in the US by Schering Corporation, later named Schering-Plough.

Active metabolite
An active metabolite, or pharmacologically active metabolite is  a biologically active metabolite of a xenobiotic substance, such as a drug or environmental chemical. Active metabolites may produce therapeutic effects, as well as harmful effects.
Udaipur, Tripura
Udaipur (Bengali pronunciation: [udɔe̯pur]), formerly known as Rangamati, is the third biggest urban area in the Indian state of Tripura. The city was the capital of the state during the reign of the Manikya dynasty. It is famous for the Tripura Sundari temple also known as Tripureswari temple, one of the 51 Shakti Peethas. It is a Municipal Council in Gomati district & also the headquarter of Gomati district. Udaipur is about 55 km from Agartala, the capital of Tripura.

Manikya dynasty
The Manikya dynasty was the ruling house of the Twipra Kingdom and later the princely Tripura State, what is now the Indian state of Tripura. Ruling since the early 15th century, the dynasty at its height controlled a large swathe of the north-east of the Indian subcontinent. After coming under British influence, in 1809 they transitioned from feudal monarchs into rulers of a princely state, though the Manikyas maintained control of the region until 1949, when it ascended in union with India.
Presidency of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner began her tenure as President of Argentina on 10 December 2007. Fernández de Kirchner, ideologically a Peronist, took office after winning the 2007 general election, succeeding her husband Néstor Kirchner, and secured a second term in 2011. She was the second female president of Argentina, after Isabel Perón served from 1973 to 1976. Her term expired on 10 December 2015, where she was succeeded by Mauricio Macri.

President of Argentina
The president of Argentina, officially known as the president of the Argentine Nation, is both head of state and head of government of Argentina. Under the national constitution, the president is also the chief executive of the federal government and commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

Throughout Argentine history, the office of head of state has undergone many changes, both in its title as in its features and powers. The current president Javier Milei was sworn into office on 10 December 2023. He succeeded Alberto Fernández.

The constitution of Argentina, along with several constitutional amendments, establishes the requirements, powers, and responsibilities of the president, the term of office and the method of election.
Jorge Achucarro
Jorge Daniel Achucarro (born 6 November 1981) is a Paraguayan football manager and former player who played as a striker. He is the current assistant manager of Cerro Porteño.

Achucarro has played for the Paraguay national football team.

ESPN FC
ESPN FC (formerly ESPN SoccerNet) is a website and a U.S. television studio program covering soccer that is broadcast daily over the streaming service ESPN+. ESPN FC's origin was a website owned by ESPN Inc. Originally established in 1995 as SoccerNet, the website was acquired by ESPN in 1999. The domain ESPNFC.com now redirects to soccer news coverage on ESPN.com.
Leif Enger (actor)
Leif Omdahl Enger (September 5, 1900 – November 11, 1977) was a Norwegian actor.

Enger was born in Christiania (now Oslo). He appeared in a series of roles for the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation's radio theater. He was also a popular film actor, appearing in over 20 films. Among the best-known films he appeared in are Operasjon Løvsprett, Hunger (Norwegian: Sult), and Englandsfarere. Enger died in Oslo and is buried in Oslo's West Cemetery.

Vestre gravlund
Vestre Gravlund is a cemetery in the Frogner borough of Oslo, Norway. It is located next to the Borgen metro station. At 60 acres (0.24 km2), it is the largest cemetery in Norway. It was inaugurated in September 1902 and also contains a crematorium (Vestre krematorium) and chapel (Gravkapellet).

The grave chapel was constructed in granite and clay stone and was designed by architect Alfred Christian Dahl (1857–1940). It was built in 1900 and consecrated in 1902. In the foundation wall, it has stained glass that was designed by artist Oddmund Kristiansen (1920–1997) in 1970.
Carex buchananii
Carex buchananii, common names Buchanan's sedge, cutty grass, is a species of sedge (in the Cyperaceae family). It is endemic to New Zealand, being found on both the North and South Islands.

It has no synonyms according to Plants of the world online, but two  according to the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network

New Zealand Plant Conservation Network
The New Zealand Plant Conservation Network (NZPCN) is a non-governmental organisation devoted to the protection and restoration of New Zealand's indigenous plant life, including vascular plants, mosses, liverworts, hornworts and lichens.
Gaocun
Gaocun Town (Chinese: 高村镇; pinyin: Gāocūn Zhèn) is a town and the county seat of Mayang Miao Autonomous County in Hunan, China. The town is located in the mid-northern region of the county, it was reformed to merge Luxikou Township (Chinese: 绿溪口乡), Liping Township (Chinese: 栗坪乡), Gudapo Township (Chinese: 谷达坡乡) and the former Gaocun Town on November 25, 2015, it has an area of 187.6 km2 (72.4 sq mi) with a population of 104,300 (as of 2015 end). The town was divided into 37 villages and communities in May 2016, the seat of local government is at Gaocun.(Chinese: 高村).

Seat of government
A seat of government is a "building, complex of buildings or the city from which a government exercises its authority". When referring to a city, the seat of government is generally the capital of the state or administrative entity in question, although there are exceptions. Particular terms for the seat of certain territorial subdivisions are administrative centre, county seat (common in the United States), county town (United Kingdom and Ireland), or barrio-pueblo (Puerto Rico), among others; buildings that may function as seats of government include official residences, supreme court buildings, city or town halls, administrative or executive buildings, shire or county halls, legislative buildings, and barangay halls.
Danica Jovanović
Danica Jovanović (4 January 1886 – 12 September 1914) was a Serbian painter. She was part of a generation of Serbian modernists who began their art education at the beginning of the 20th century, whose creative rise was interrupted by the Balkan Wars and the First World War. Jovanović  was accused of patriotism and was executed in the Petrovaradin fortress at the beginning of World War I.

Patriotism
Patriotism is the feeling of love, devotion, and a sense of attachment to one's country or state. This attachment can be a combination of different feelings for things such as the language of one's homeland, and its ethnic, cultural, political, or historical aspects. It may encompass a set of concepts closely related to nationalism, mostly civic nationalism and sometimes cultural nationalism.
Squama
Squama (or squamous, squame) refers to a structure shaped like a decumbent scale of a fish.

More specifically, it can refer to:

Squama frontalis

Squama occipitalis

Squama temporalis, the squamous portion of the temporal bone

Squamous cell

In Crustacea, it can refer to the scaphocerite, a scale-like, flattened exopod of the antenna.

In the Bivalvia, it refers to a thin, long, concentric imbrication.

Squamous epithelium refers to epithelium, e.g. the skin, composed of squamous cells.

See also:

Desquamation

Scale (zoology)
In zoology, a scale (Ancient Greek: λεπίς, romanized: lepís; Latin: squāma) is a small rigid plate made out of keratin that grows out of vertebrate animals' skin to provide protection. In lepidopterans (butterflies and moths), scales are plates on the surface of the insect wing, made out of chitin instead of keratin, and provide coloration. Scales are quite common and have evolved multiple times through convergent evolution, with varying structure and function.

Scales are generally classified as part of an organism's integumentary system. There are various types of scales according to the shape and class of an animal.
Molvízar
Molvízar is a small town and municipality located in the province of Granada, in Spain.  Between 1905 and 2005, the population has ranged between 1500 and 3500 inhabitants.  It is located in the foothills of the mountains of southern Spain, approximately five kilometres from the Costa Tropical coast.

Agriculture is a large part of its economy, with an increasing contribution from European tourism, with visitors attracted by its year-round temperate weather.

Locals celebrate the patron saint, Santa Ana, on July 26, during which the town puts forth a traditional representation of "Moros y Cristianos" (Moors and Christians), which commemorates the Reconquista expulsion of the Moors from Spain. The city is also the birthplace of anarchist revolutionary Antonio Ramón.

Costa Granadina
Costa Granadina (Spanish: [ˈkosta ɡɾanaˈðina]; "Granadan Coast") is a comarca in southern Spain, corresponding to the Mediterranean coastline of the province of Granada.  It is also but less frequently called the Costa Tropical or Costa de Granada. This comarca was established in 2003 by the Government of Andalusia.

It is crossed by the N-340 coastal highway that runs southwest–northeast along Spain's Mediterranean coast, to the border with France. Within the last 4 years the A7 motorway has been extended along the coast from Nerja in the Málaga province to Motril where it links the A7 motorway to the A44 motorway which heads north from Motril to the city of Granada.
Mateo García Elizondo
Mateo García Elizondo (born 1987) is a Mexican writer. He was born in Mexico City, and studied Literature and Creative Writing at Westminster University in London. His first novel Una cita con la Lady tells the story of an addict who is reflecting on his life in Mexico. It won the City of Barcelona Award. He also engages in other forms of writing: magazine pieces (e.g. for Nexos), graphic novel scripts (e.g. for Premier Comics), and film scripts (for the film Desierto.)

Garcia Elizondo was named by Granta magazine as one of the best young writers in the Spanish language. He is the grandson of writers Gabriel García Márquez and Salvador Elizondo.

Granta
Granta is a literary magazine and publisher in the United Kingdom whose mission centres on its "belief in the power and urgency of the story, both in fiction and non-fiction, and the story's supreme ability to describe, illuminate and make real." In 2007, The Observer stated: "In its blend of memoirs and photojournalism, and in its championing of contemporary realist fiction, Granta has its face pressed firmly against the window, determined to witness the world."

Granta has published twenty-seven laureates of the Nobel Prize in Literature. Literature published by Granta has regularly won such prizes as the Forward Prize, T. S. Eliot Prize, Pushcart Prize and more.
Florence Omagbemi
Florence Omagbemi Listenⓘ(born 2 February 1975) is a Nigerian former football midfielder. She was part of the Nigeria women's national football team across four FIFA Women's World Cups, several Africa Women Cup of Nations and at the 2000 Summer Olympics. In 2016, she was named interim coach of the Nigeria women's national side, having previously served as an assistant coach to the Nigeria women's national under-20 football team.

2000 African Women's Championship
The 2000 African Women's Championship was the 4th edition of the biennial African women's association football tournament organized by Confederation of African Football and the second to be hosted by a country. It was held in South Africa between 11 and 25 November 2000.

Nigeria won their 4th title, beating South Africa 2–0 in a final which got abandoned at the 73rd minute.
Atelopus bomolochos
Atelopus bomolochos, the Azuay stubfoot toad or Cuenca jambato frog, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to southern Ecuador and known from Cordillera Oriental in the Azuay, Cañar, and Loja Provinces.

Loja Province
Loja Province (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlo.xa]) is one of 24 provinces in Ecuador and shares its southern border on the west with El Oro Province, on the north with El Azuay, and on the east with Zamora-Chinchipe. Founded on its present site in 1548 by Captain Alonso de Mercadillo (Spanish), the site had been previously moved and rebuilt from La Toma due to earthquakes. It also is named as "Cuxibamba Valley", from the Quichua language, which means the "Smiley Valley".
Gunns Plains, Tasmania
Gunns Plains, sometimes written as Gunn's Plains, is a small town located 20 km south of Ulverstone on the north-west coast of Tasmania, Australia.

The 2021 census recorded a population of 195 for the state suburb of Gunns Plains. The Leven River winds slowly through its pastures that support a variety of grazing stock. Agricultural endeavours are also very successful, benefiting from rich red volcanic soil. The town was named after botanist Ronald Campbell Gunn, who discovered the valley in 1860.

The community was involved in a significant number of men going to the First World War.

The valley has a vineyard, Leven Valley Vineyard, that producesPinot and Chardonnay.

The main attractions of Gunns Plains are the limestone caves, of which over one hundred and fifty have been discovered. The Tasmania Parks and Wildlife Service administers Gunns Plains Cave, which is open to the public with daily tours.

Its post office opened on 3 April 1900 and closed in 1974.

River Leven (Tasmania)
The River Leven is a perennial river for most of its length, located in the north-western region of Tasmania, Australia. It was named by the Van Diemen's Land Company after the River Leven in Scotland.
All in One (Karen Clark Sheard album)
All In One  is the fifth solo album by multiple Grammy and Stellar award-winning gospel singer Karen Clark Sheard, released on April 6, 2010. The album debuted at #3 on the U.S. Billboard Gospel Albums chart and #98 on the U.S. Billboard Top 200 albums chart and was the first album to be released on her own music label, Karew Records.

The album's lead single - "Prayed Up" - peaked at #9 on the U.S. Billboard Gospel Songs chart and spent over 32 weeks on the chart.
The album's second single - "He Knows," featuring Dorinda Clark-Cole - peaked at #15 on the U.S. Billboard Gospel Songs chart. The album sold moderately well but still did not match Sheard's largest selling album to date, Finally Karen. However, All in One received positive reviews from critics and gathered Grammy, Stellar, Dove, and BET Award nominations and remained a top seller on Billboard's Gospel Charts.

Stellar Awards
A Stellar Award is an award presented by the Stellar Awards Gospel Music Academy (SAGMA) to recognize achievements in the gospel music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent gospel artists, and the presentation of those awards that have a more popular interest. The Stellars were the first major gospel music awards held annually.

The first Stellar Awards ceremony was held on 1984, to honor and respect the musical accomplishments by gospel performers for the year 1983. Following the 2018 ceremony, SAGMA overhauled a few Stellar Award categories for 2019.

In 2020, the awards show was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The ceremony was aired virtually on August 23, 2020.