hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Auctores octo morales
The Auctores octo morales (Eight Moral Authors) was a collection of Latin textbooks, of an elementary standard, that was used for pedagogy in the Middle Ages in Europe. It was printed in many editions, from the end of the fifteenth century. At that time it became standardised as:

Distichs of Cato

Eclogue of Theodulus

Facetus: Liber Faceti docens mores iuvenum (Also believed to be by Cato of the Distichs)

De contemptu mundi

Liber Floretus

Matthew of Vendôme, Tobias

Alan of Lille, Doctrinale altum parabolarum

Aesop, version attributed to Gualterus Anglicus (online text).

Alain de Lille
Alain de Lille (Alan of Lille; Latin: Alanus ab Insulis; c. 1128 – 1202/1203) was a French theologian and poet. He was born in Lille some time before 1128. His exact date of death remains unclear as well, with most research pointing toward it being between 14 April 1202 and 5 April 1203. He is known for writing a number of works based upon the teachings of the liberal arts, with one of his most renowned poems, De planctu Naturae ("The Complaint of Nature"), focusing on sexual conduct among humans. Although Alain was widely known during his lifetime, little is known about his personal life.

As a theologian, Alain de Lille opposed scholasticism in the second half of the 12th century. His philosophy is characterized by rationalism and mysticism. Alain claimed that reason, guided by prudence, could discover most truths about the physical order without help; but in order to understand religious truth and to know God, the wise must be believers.
Auster rookery
67°23′46″S 63°57′2.5″E﻿ / ﻿67.39611°S 63.950694°E﻿ / -67.39611; 63.950694

Auster Rookery is an Emperor penguin rookery on sea-ice, sheltered by grounded icebergs, 5 kilometres (2.7 nmi) east of the Auster Islands, and about 51 kilometres (28 nmi) ENE of Mawson Station in Antarctica. It was discovered in August 1957 by Flying Officer D. Johnston, RAAF, from an ANARE Auster aircraft, after which it was named. The rookery was estimated in 2009 to contain 7,855 individual emperor penguins, and has been designated an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International.

Rookery
A rookery is a colony of breeding rooks, and more broadly a colony of several types of breeding animals, generally gregarious birds.

Coming from the nesting habits of rooks, the term is used for corvids and the breeding grounds of colony-forming seabirds, marine mammals (true seals or sea lions), and even some turtles. Rooks (northern-European and central-Asian members of the crow family) have multiple nests in prominent colonies at the tops of trees. Paleontological evidence points to the existence of rookery-like colonies in the pterosaur Pterodaustro.

The term rookery was also borrowed as a name for dense slum housing in nineteenth-century cities, especially in London.
Port of Cádiz Bay
The Port of Cádiz Bay is a port facility in the Bay of Cádiz serving the city and Province of Cádiz in southern Spain. It consists of Cadiz harbour, Cabezuela on the south side of the bay, and Puerto de Santa Maria to the north.

Bay of Cádiz
The Bay of Cádiz is a body of water in the province of Cádiz, Spain, adjacent to the southwestern coast of the Iberian Peninsula.

The Bay of Cádiz adjoins the Gulf of Cádiz, a larger body of water which is in the same area but further offshore.
Navamepent
Navamepent (RX-10045) is a synthetic analogue of the endogenous fatty acid resolvin E1, a member of the specialized pro-resolving mediators. Navamepent is presumed to act as an agonist of the CMKLR1 receptor in a manner similar to resolvin E1.

It was developed as a topical ophthalmic formulation to promote recovery from eye inflammation and advanced to Phase II clinical trials, but was not pursued further.

Phases of clinical research
The phases of clinical research are the stages in which scientists conduct experiments with a health intervention to obtain sufficient evidence for a process considered effective as a medical treatment. For drug development, the clinical phases start with testing for drug safety in a few human subjects, then expand to many study participants (potentially tens of thousands) to determine if the treatment is effective. Clinical research is conducted on drug candidates, vaccine candidates, new medical devices, and new diagnostic assays.
Access to Medicine Index
The Access to Medicine Index is a ranking system published biennially since 2008 by the Access to Medicine Foundation, an international not-for-profit organisation based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. It ranks 20 of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies according to their ability to make their pharmaceutical drugs more available, affordable and accessible in low- and middle-income countries. The Index aims to stimulate companies to improve access in developing countries, to show the activities of their peers, and allow them, governments, investors, civil society, patient organisations and academia to understand how pharmaceutical companies can make further progress. The 2024 Access to Medicine Index was funded by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, Axa Investment Managers, Stewart Investors and the Wellcome Trust.

Axa Investment Managers
Axa Investment Managers (Axa IM) was a global investment management firm until its acquisition by BNP Paribas in December 2024 and the subsequent merger by incorporation of Axa IM into BNP Paribas Asset Management on 31 December 2025.
Nathan Kanya
Nathan Kanya (born October 17, 1984 is a Canadian former professional football linebacker. After finishing his CIS career with the UBC Thunderbirds in Vancouver BC, he signed as an undrafted free agent with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats on March 2, 2011.

Nathan was acquired by the Edmonton Eskimos via a trade deal with the Hamilton Ticats on February 5, 2013

Following the 2015 CFL season, Kanya was re-signed by the Saskatchewan Roughriders for the 2016 season. Terms of the contract were not disclosed. Nathan retired in June 2016.

UBC Thunderbirds
The UBC Thunderbirds are the athletic teams that represent the University of British Columbia. In Canadian intercollegiate competition, the Thunderbirds are the most successful athletic program both regionally in the Canada West Universities Athletic Association, and nationally in U Sports, winning 119 national titles. UBC has won an additional 21 national titles competing in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics against collegiate competition from the United States and 43 national titles in sports that compete in independent competitions.
Vertumnus (Arcimboldo)
Vertumnus is an oil painting produced by the Italian painter Giuseppe Arcimboldo in 1591 that consists of multiple fruits, vegetables and flowers that come together to create a portrait of Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II. Although Arcimboldo's colleagues commented that Vertumnus was scherzo, or humorous, there were intentional political meanings behind the piece, particularly regarding the choice of fruits, vegetables, and flowers. Arcimboldo's choice to include these items was also an intentional reference to the Roman god, Vertumnus.

Vertumnus was presented to Rudolf II after its completion. It was looted by the Swedish army after the Thirty Years' War. Although art historians lost track of Vertumnus after this shift, it reappeared in 1845 in Sweden in Skokloster Castle, where it remains.

Scherzo
A scherzo (/ˈskɛərtsoʊ/, UK also /ˈskɜːrt-/, Italian: [ˈskertso]; plural scherzos or scherzi), in western classical music, is a short composition – sometimes a movement from a larger work such as a symphony or a sonata. The precise definition has varied over the years, but scherzo often refers to a movement that replaces the minuet as the third movement in a four-movement work, such as a symphony, sonata, or string quartet. The term can also refer to a fast-moving humorous composition that may or may not be part of a larger work.
Dream Police (comics)
Dream Police is an American comic book one-shot created by writer J. Michael Straczynski with artwork by Mike Deodato. It was published by Marvel Comics in June 2005, under their Icon imprint for creator-owned titles. Straczynski characterised the story as "Dragnet in the Dreamscape".

One-shot (comics)
In comics, a one-shot is a work composed of a single standalone issue or chapter, contrasting a limited series or ongoing series, which are composed of multiple issues or chapters. One-shots date back to the early 19th century, published in newspapers, and today may be in the form of single published comic books, parts of comic magazines/anthologies or published online on websites. In the marketing industry, some one-shots are used as promotion tools that tie in with existing productions, films, video games or television shows.
1999 TIG Classic – Doubles
The 1999 TIG Classic doubles was the doubles event of the twentieth edition of the second tournament in the US Open Series.

Lindsay Davenport and Natasha Zvereva were the defending champions, but they did not compete  together this year. Zvereva competed with Nathalie Tauziat, and Davenport competed with Corina Morariu; the two teams met in a semifinal match which Davenport and Morariu won. The Americans defeated the Williams sisters in the final to win the tournament. This tournament is notable for being the only doubles final the Williams sisters (as a pair) have lost in their career.

Nathalie Tauziat
Nathalie Tauziat (born 17 October 1967) is a French former professional tennis player and coach. She was the runner-up in women's singles at the 1998 Wimbledon Championships and runner-up in the women's doubles at the 2001 US Open partnering  Kimberly Po-Messerli. She reached a career-high ranking of world No. 3 in both singles and doubles.

She previously coached Canadian tennis player Bianca Andreescu and compatriot Harmony Tan, and currently coaches Victoria Mboko.
Flowey
Flowey the Flower is a fictional character and the main antagonist of the 2015 video game Undertale, developed by Toby Fox. Flowey is the first NPC the player encounters in the game and introduces himself as a friendly and helpful talking flower, before quickly revealing himself to be a malevolent, megalomaniacal, and homicidal entity who abides by a "kill or be killed" philosophy.

Flowey is the final boss of Undertale's "Neutral" route; after absorbing the souls of the six fallen humans, he evolves into a grotesque form known as "Omega Flowey", alternatively known among some fans as "Photoshop Flowey". In the "True Pacifist" route, he additionally absorbs the souls of every monster in the Underground, and reveals that he is Asriel Dreemurr, the son of Toriel and Asgore, reincarnated as a soulless flower.

Critics and fans have praised Flowey's characterization, backstory, occasional fourth wall breaking, and boss fights.

Non-player character
A non-player character  (NPC) is a character in a game that is not controlled by a player. The term originated in traditional tabletop role-playing games where it applies to characters controlled by the gamemaster, or referee, rather than by another player. In video games, this usually means a computer-controlled character that has a predetermined set of behaviors that potentially will impact gameplay, but will not necessarily be the product of true artificial intelligence.
Gyanendra Bahadur Karki
Gyanendra Bahadur Karki (Nepali:ज्ञानेन्द्र बहादुर कार्की) is a Nepali politician from Nepali Congress. He is the former Minister for Information and Communications of Nepal. He was Finance Minister under Deuba cabinet, 2017. He has been elected as a House of Representative from constituency 4 of the Sunsari district in 2017 Nepalese legislative election.

Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (Nepal)
The Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (Nepali: सूचना तथा सञ्चार प्रविधि मन्त्रालय) is governmental body of Nepal that manages postal services, telecommunications, broadcasting, press and information and film development in the country.

Through its subdivisions, the ministry informs the public about economic and social activities in Nepal, while promoting democratic culture through ensuring the freedom of expression and the right to information of the People of Nepal.
Its main aim is to make the communications media active and efficient.
Japan National Route 382
National Route 382 is a national highway of Japan connecting Tsushima, Nagasaki and Karatsu, Saga in Japan, with a total length of 125.2 km (77.8 mi). The highway includes segments on the islands of Tsushima and Iki, as well on Kyushu.

Route 382 in Yobuko, Saga Prefecture.

Saga Prefecture
Saga Prefecture (佐賀県, Saga-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.ɡa, -ŋa, sa.ɡaꜜ.keɴ, -ŋaꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyushu. Saga Prefecture has a population of roughly 780,000 and has a geographic area of 2,439 square kilometres (942 sq mi). Saga Prefecture borders Fukuoka Prefecture to the northeast and Nagasaki Prefecture to the southwest.

Saga is the capital and largest city of Saga Prefecture, with other major cities including Karatsu, Tosu, and Imari. Saga Prefecture is located in the northwest of Kyūshū covering an isthmus-like area extending between the Sea of Japan and the Ariake Sea. Saga Prefecture's western region is known for the production of ceramics and porcelain, particularly in the towns of Karatsu, Imari, and Arita.
USS Victor
USS Victor is a name used more than once by the U.S. Navy:

USS Victor (SP-1995), a wooden-hulled motorboat constructed at Camden, New Jersey, by Clement A. Troth, and completed in 1917.

USS Victor (AMc-109), a coastal minesweeper laid down in 1941.

Coastal minesweeper
Coastal minesweeper is a term used by the United States Navy to indicate a minesweeper intended for coastal use as opposed to participating in fleet operations at sea.

Because of its small size—usually less than 100 feet in length—and construction—wood as opposed to steel—and slow speed—usually about 9 or 10 knots—the coastal minesweeper was considered too fragile and slow to operate on the high seas with the fleet.

Minesweeping, in conjunction with fleet activities, was usually relegated to the diesel-driven steel-hulled AM-type minesweepers, later to be replaced by the wood-hulled MSO-type minesweeper with aluminum engines.
Kvemo Chala
Kvemo Chala (Georgian: ქვემო ჭალა — the lower dell) is a village in Georgia, in Kaspi Municipality.  It is the center of Theme (Villages: Akhalsheni, Gamdlistskaro, Goraka, Vake, Pantiani, Sakorintlo). The village is situated on a plain, on the middle stream of Lekhura river. The village was the home of the Karbelashvili brothers and their father Grigol. The last family castle of Amilakhvari dukes is also found in the village. This place is also known for being the village of famous people like the Lycan skin owner Bishop and his descendant Sandro ( Hebrew: סנדרו; Russian: Сандро; Urdu: سینڈرو ).

Amilakhvari
The House of Amilakhvari (Georgian: ამილახვარი) was a noble house of Georgia which rose to prominence in the fifteenth century and held a large fiefdom in central Georgia until the Imperial Russian annexation of the country in 1801. They were hereditary marshals (amilakhvar/amilakhor) of Georgia from c. 1433, from which the family takes its name. Subsequently, the family was received among the princes (knyaz) of the Empire under the name of Amilakhvarov (Russian: Амилахваровы, Амилохваровы, 1825) and Amilakhvari (Амилахвари, 1850). Till the 17th century their family residence was in Skhvilo castle, when they moved to Kvemo Chala castle.
Indian Creek (Morgan County, Missouri)
Indian Creek is a stream in Morgan County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary to the Gravois Creek Arm of the Lake of the Ozarks.

Indian Creek was so named on account of Indian settlements near its course.

Lake of the Ozarks
Lake of the Ozarks is a reservoir created by impounding the Osage River in the northern part of the Ozarks in central Missouri. Parts of three smaller tributaries to the Osage are included in the impoundment: the Niangua River, Grandglaize Creek, and Gravois Creek. The lake has a surface area of 54,000 acres (220 km2) and 1,150 miles (1,850 km) of shoreline. The main channel of the Osage Arm stretches 92 miles (148 km) from one end to the other.  The total drainage area is over 14,000 square miles (36,000 km2).  The lake's serpentine shape has earned it the nickname "the Missouri Dragon", which has, in turn, inspired the names of local institutions such as the Magic Dragon Street Meet.
Jacqueline Milczarek
Jacqueline Milczarek was a Canadian news anchor for CTV News Channel broadcasting on weekend afternoons. She started working for CTV News in 2007. Before she joined CTV News, Milczarek was a reporter and part-time anchor to Global TV's First National with Peter Kent, as well as at Windsor, Ontario's CHWI-TV when it launched in 1993.  She has earned two RTNDA Awards for coverage of Pope John Paul's visit to Canada during the World Youth Day in 2002 as well as for a story about a man who recovered from a coma. Milczarek graduated from Ryerson Polytechnical Institute.

Radio Television Digital News Association
The Radio Television Digital News Association (RTDNA, pronounced the same as "rotunda"), formerly the Radio-Television News Directors Association (RTNDA), is a United States-based membership organization of radio, television, and online news directors, producers, executives, reporters, students and educators. Among its functions are the maintenance of journalistic ethics and the preservation of the free speech rights of broadcast journalists.

Since 1971, RTDNA annually awards the Edward R. Murrow Award, recognizing excellence in electronic journalism, and the Paul White Award, presented annually since 1956 as its highest award, for lifetime achievement.
Currituck County Regional Airport
Currituck County Regional Airport (ICAO: KONX, FAA LID: ONX, formerly 9W7) is a county-owned, public-use airport in Currituck County, North Carolina, United States. It is located four nautical miles (5 mi, 7 km) south of the central business district of Currituck, North Carolina. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility. It was previously known as Currituck County Airport or Currituck Regional Airport.

Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this airport is assigned ONX by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA (which assigned ONX to Enrique A. Jiménez Airport in Colón, Panama). The airport's ICAO identifier is KONX.

Colón, Panama
Colón (Spanish pronunciation: [koˈlon]) is a city and seaport in Panama, beside the Caribbean Sea, lying near the Atlantic entrance to the Panama Canal. It is the capital of Panama's Colón Province and has traditionally been known as Panama's second city. City proper located entirely on Manzanillo Peninsula (former island), surrounded by Limon Bay, Manzanillo Bay, and the Folks River. Since the disestablishment of the Panama Canal Zone, suburban corregimiento of Cristobal to include Fort Gulick, a former U.S. Army base, as well as the towns of Cristobal and Margarita; and recent corregimiento of Cristóbal Este now include the town of Coco Solo.
Traversoa
Traversoa is a genus of fungi in the Botryosphaeriaceae family.

The genus was circumscribed by Pier Andrea Saccardo, Hans Sydow and Paul Sydow in Ann. Mycol. vol.11 on page 317 in 1913.

The genus name of Traversoa is in honour of Giovanni Battista Traverso (1878–1955), who was an Italian mycologist and plant pathologist.

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Rap Devil
"Rap Devil" is a diss track performed by American rapper Machine Gun Kelly. It is aimed at rapper Eminem. The song was produced by Ronny J and Nils. It was released on September 3, 2018, by Bad Boy Records and Interscope Records as a single from Kelly's second extended play, Binge. The song's title is a play on Eminem's "Rap God", and is his response to Eminem's song "Not Alike".

"Rap Devil" peaked at number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in the United States; "Killshot" was Eminem's response.

Bad Boy Records
Bad Boy Entertainment, doing business as Bad Boy Records, is an American record label founded by Sean "Puffy" Combs. The first signee, Craig Mack, gained significant commercial success after the release of his 1994 single "Flava In Ya Ear". The label then signed other hip-hop and R&B acts, including The Notorious B.I.G., Faith Evans, Mase, 112, Total, the Lox, Shyne, and Carl Thomas. At its peak in 1997, Bad Boy was worth an estimated $100 million. During the 2000s, Bad Boy Records signed several notable artists, including French Montana, Machine Gun Kelly, Janelle Monáe, and Cassie Ventura.

In 2023, Combs founded a successor label, Love Records, to independently release his fifth studio album, The Love Album: Off the Grid, in September of that year.
Aguilas del Desierto
Aguilas del Desierto (English: Eagles of the Desert) is a volunteer organization in the United States. Co-founded by Ely Ortiz in 2009, its aim is to look for migrants or undocumented Migrant workers who go missing as they cross the Mexico–United States border.

Migrant worker
A migrant worker is a person who migrates within a home country or outside it to pursue work. Migrant workers usually do not have an intention to stay permanently in the country or region in which they work.

Migrant workers who work outside their home country are also called foreign workers. They may also be called expatriates or guest workers, especially when they have been sent for or invited to work in the host country before leaving the home country.

The International Labour Organization estimated in 2019 that there were 169 million international migrants worldwide. Some countries have millions of migrant workers. Some migrant workers are illegal immigrants or slaves.
Thalia Tran
Thalia Tran is an American actress best known for her roles as Little Noi in Raya and the Last Dragon (2021), Charlotte Perry in Council of Dads (2020), Raina in Little (2019), and Mai in Avatar: The Last Airbender (2024). She has also appeared in Tiny Feminists (2016), Brat TV's Hotel Du Loone (2018) and Disney Channel's Sydney to the Max (2020).

Sydney to the Max
Sydney to the Max is an American comedy television series created by Mark Reisman that aired on Disney Channel from January 25, 2019 to November 26, 2021. The series stars Ruth Righi, Ava Kolker, Jackson Dollinger, Christian J. Simon, Ian Reed Kesler, and Caroline Rhea.
Melvyn B. Nathanson
Melvyn Bernard Nathanson (born October 10, 1944, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American mathematician, specializing in number theory, and a Professor of Mathematics at Lehman College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York). His principal work is in additive and combinatorial number theory. He is the author of over 200 research papers in mathematics, and author or editor of 27 books.

Additive number theory
Additive number theory is the subfield of number theory concerning the study of subsets of integers and their behavior under addition. More abstractly, the field of additive number theory includes the study of abelian groups and commutative semigroups with an operation of addition. Additive number theory has close ties to combinatorial number theory and the geometry of numbers. Principal objects of study include the sumset of two subsets A and B of elements from an abelian group G,

and the h-fold sumset of A,