hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Platanthera azorica
Platanthera azorica, commonly known as Hochstetter's butterfly orchid, is a species of orchid in the genus Platanthera. It was "rediscovered" in 2011 on a single volcanic ridge on the central Azores island of São Jorge, and "is arguably Europe's rarest bona fide orchid species." While P. azorica was previously considered by some sources to be the same as Platanthera micrantha, the 2011 discovery triggered a thorough analysis of historic and current data and specimens, resulting in three species identified.

São Jorge Island
São Jorge (Portuguese pronunciation: [sɐ̃w ˈʒɔɾʒɨ]; Portuguese for 'Saint George') is an island in the central group of the Azores archipelago and part of the autonomous region of Portugal.  Separated from its nearest neighbours (Pico and Faial islands) by  the 15-kilometre (9.3 mi) Pico-São Jorge Channel, the central group is often referred colloquially as part of the Triângulo ("Triangle") group or just "The Triangle". São Jorge is a relatively long thin island with tall cliffs, whose 8,381 inhabitants are concentrated on various geological debris fields (fajãs) along the north and south coasts; from east to west, the island is 53 kilometres (33 mi) long and, north to south, 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) wide: its area is 237.59 square kilometres (91.73 mi2).
Columbus (shopping centre)
Columbus is a shopping centre in Vuosaari, Helsinki, Finland, right next to the Vuosaari metro station. It is owned by Citycon. The centre was completed in August 1996. The centre has a total surface area of over 20,000 m2 (220,000 sq ft).

To the north of the shopping centre are located the Mosaiikkitori square and the Vuotalo cultural centre as well as the Vuosaari sports hall, and to the south of it are located the service centre Albatrossi and Cirrus, the highest residential building in Finland, which was completed in 2006.

Tokmanni
Tokmanni Group Oyj is a Finnish retail chain, which is also the largest discount store chain in Finland in terms of net sales in 2019. Tokmanni is Finland's only nationwide discount store chain, and at the end of 2019 it had almost 200 stores around the country.
Mumin Abdi Shire
General Mumin Abdi shire (Somali: General Muumin Cabdi Shire, Arabic: مؤمن عبدي شيري) is a Puntland, Somalia, police chief and former Mudug Region Police Commissioner officer. He is the current Police Commissioner of Puntland Police Force.

Mudug
Mudug (Somali: Mudug) is an administrative region (gobol) in north-central Somalia. Spread across an area of 72,933 km2 (28,160 sq mi), the northern section of Mudug is part of Puntland whilst the majority of Mudug is part of Galmudug State, both of which are autonomous states within the Federal Republic of Somalia. It features a rural economy based largely on pastoralist livelihoods and limited agriculture. The security environment is volatile due to inter-clan feuds and conflicting jurisdiction, which has resulted in humanitarian and governance challenges.
Yellow Jacket Pueblo
Yellow Jacket Pueblo is an Ancestral Puebloan archeological site located near Cortez, Colorado, in the Four Corners region of the Southwestern United States. With 1,200 rooms and 200 kivas spread across 100 acres (40 ha), it is the largest ancient pueblo in the Mesa Verde region.

Kiva
A kiva (also estufa) is a space used by Puebloans for rites and political meetings, many of them associated with the kachina belief system. Among the modern Hopi and most other Pueblo peoples, "kiva" refers to a large, circular, underground room used for spiritual ceremonies and as a place of worship.

Similar subterranean rooms are found among ruins in the Southwestern United States, indicating uses by the ancient peoples of the region, including the ancestral Puebloans, the Mogollon culture, and the Hohokam. Those used by the ancient Pueblos of the Pueblo I period and following, designated by the Pecos Classification system developed by archaeologists, were usually round and evolved from simpler pit-houses. For the Ancestral Puebloans, these rooms are believed to have served a variety of functions, including domestic residence, social, and ceremonial purposes.
2008 Los Angeles County Measure R
Measure R was a ballot measure during the November 2008 elections in Los Angeles County, California, that proposed a half-cent sales taxes increase on each dollar of taxable sales (originating in or made from Los Angeles County) for thirty years in order to pay for transportation projects and improvements. The measure was approved by voters with 67.22% of the vote, just over the two-thirds majority required by the state of California to raise local taxes. The project was touted as a way to "improve the environment by getting more Angelenos out of their cars and into the region's growing subway, light rail, and bus services." It will result in the construction or expansion of a dozen rail lines in the county.

Supermajority
A supermajority is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of one-half used for a simple majority, the latter sometimes expressed as a "50% + 1 vote". Supermajority rules in a democracy can help to prevent a majority from eroding fundamental rights of a minority, but can also hamper efforts to respond to problems and encourage corrupt compromises at times when action is taken. Changes to constitutions, especially those with entrenched clauses, commonly require supermajority support in a legislature. In consensus democracy, the supermajority rule is applied in most cases.
Joey Kelly
Joseph Maria Kelly (born 20 December 1972) is a musician, songwriter, and athlete of Irish-American descent.

Kelly became known as a member of the Kelly Family, however, during the band's hiatus, he appeared primarily as an amateur athlete and participated in various sport competitions. Kelly returned to the Kelly Family as a guitarist and vocalist in 2017. As a member of the Kelly family, he plays electric and acoustic guitar and percussion instruments.

Sports enthusiast Kelly often participates in endurance competitions and fun events, such as TV total, Wok racing or diving.

Wok racing
Wok racing is a sport developed by the German TV host and entertainer Stefan Raab in which modified woks are used to make timed runs down an Olympic bobsleigh track. There are competitions for one-person woksleds and four-person woksleds, the latter using four woks per sled.
Epidermis (zoology)
In zoology, the epidermis is an epithelium (sheet of cells) that covers the body of a eumetazoan (animal more complex than a sponge). Eumetazoa have a cavity lined with a similar epithelium, the gastrodermis, which forms a boundary with the epidermis at the mouth.

Sponges have no epithelium, and therefore no epidermis or gastrodermis. The epidermis of a more complex invertebrate is just one layer deep, and may be protected by a non-cellular cuticle. The epidermis of a higher vertebrate has many layers, and the outer layers are reinforced with keratin and then die.

Keratin
Keratin (/ˈkɛrətɪn/) is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as scleroproteins. It is the key structural material making up scales, hair, nails, feathers, horns, claws, hooves, and the outer layer of skin in tetrapod vertebrates. Keratin also protects epithelial cells from damage or stress. Keratin is extremely insoluble in water and organic solvents. Keratin monomers assemble into bundles to form intermediate filaments, which are tough and form strong unmineralized epidermal appendages found in reptiles, birds, amphibians, and mammals.  Excessive keratinization participate in fortification of certain tissues such as in horns of cattle and rhinos, and armadillos' osteoderm. The only other biological matter known to approximate the toughness of keratinized tissue is chitin.
Keratin comes in two types: the primitive, softer forms found in all vertebrates and the harder, derived forms found only among sauropsids (reptiles and birds).
Scharnitz Abbey
Scharnitz Abbey (German: Kloster Scharnitz) was a Benedictine monastery in Mittenwald in Bavaria, Germany.

The monastery, dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul, was founded before 763 by Reginperht and Irminfried, believed to be members of the Bavarian noble family of the Huosi. Arbeo of Freising, a member of the same family, was its first abbot, until he was appointed Bishop of Freising in 764. Between 769 and 772, on his advice, the community was resettled to Schlehdorf Abbey on the Kochelsee, under abbot Atto, who is counted as the first abbot of Schlehdorf. The reasons for the move so soon after the foundation are not known.

Kochelsee
Kochelsee (German pronunciation: [ˈkɔxl̩ˌzeː]) or Lake Kochel is a lake 70 kilometres (43 mi) south of Munich on the edge of the Bavarian Alps. The western 1.7 km² or 28.3 percent of the lake lies within the borders of the town of Schlehdorf, while the rest belongs to Kochel am See. The southern edge of the lake lies up against the mountains and the northern shore is bordered by bog lands. The history of the settlement of Kochel (previously Quochcalun) begins with Birg bei Altjoch, a rock extrusion on the shore of the lake. The name Kochel is derived from the Latin cocula meaning head or cone.

The Loisach flows into the lake at Schlehdorf and flows out at Kochel am See. A similar amount of water flows into the lake from the Isar through the Lake Walchen Power Plant.
Sultan Mastura
Sultan Mastura, officially the Municipality of Sultan Mastura (Maguindanaon: Ingud nu Sultan Mastura; Iranun: Inged a Sultan Mastura; Tagalog: Bayan ng Sultan Mastura) and commonly known by its alternative name Subpangen, is a municipality in the province of Maguindanao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 25,331 people.

It was created by virtue of the Muslim Mindanao Autonomy Act No. 89, carved from the municipality of Sultan Kudarat. The law was submitted on September 13, 1999, and lapsed into law on November 13, 1999. It was ratified by the people of Sultan Mastura through plebiscite on March 15, 2003. Its corporate existence started on April 28, 2003.

It was part of the province of Shariff Kabunsuan from October 2006 until its nullification by the Supreme Court in July 2008.

Maguindanao del Norte
Maguindanao del Norte, officially the Province of Maguindanao del Norte (Maguindanaon: Dairat nu Utara Magindanaw, Jawi: دَاِيْرَتْ نُوْ اُوْتَرَ مَڬِنْدَنَوْ; Iranun: Perobinsia a Pangutaran Magindanao, ڤروبنسيا ا ڤڠوترن مڬیندانو Filipino: Hilagang Maguindanao), is a province in the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro region in Mindanao. Its capital is the municipality of Datu Odin Sinsuat. It borders Cotabato province to the east, Lanao del Sur to the north, Maguindanao del Sur to the south-east, and Sultan Kudarat to the south.

The province's largest city, Cotabato City, is administratively independent from the province but is grouped for congressional representation.
Syncoelicotyloides
Syncoelicotyloides is a genus of monogenean. Species of Syncoelicotyloides are ectoparasites that affect their host by attaching themselves as larvae on the gills of the fish and grow into adult stage. This larval stage is called oncomiracidium, and is characterized as free swimming and ciliated.

Oncomiracidium
An oncomiracidium is the ciliated and free-living larva of a monogenean, a type of parasitic flatworm commonly found on fish. It is similar to the miracidium of Trematoda, but has sclerotised (hardened) hooklets not found in the latter.
Duncan McFarlan
Duncan McFarlan (died September 7, 1816) was a United States Democratic-Republican U.S. Congressman from North Carolina between 1805 and 1807.

Born in Laurel Hill, North Carolina in Scotland County, McFarlan engaged in agricultural pursuits. He served in the North Carolina House of Commons in 1792 and the North Carolina Senate in 1793, 1795 and 1800. At the 1788 Hillsborough Convention, he voted against the ratification of the US Constitution. He was a convicted rapist.

McFarlan stood for election to Congress in 1802, but was unsuccessful; he ran again in 1804 and served one term, in the 9th United States Congress (March 4, 1805 – March 3, 1807). After his term in Washington, McFarlan returned to North Carolina and engaged in mercantile and agricultural pursuits, serving one further term in the state Senate, from 1807 to 1809. He died at Laurel Hill in 1816 and is buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery.

Hillsborough Convention
The Hillsborough Convention was the first of two North Carolina conventions to ratify the United States Constitution. Delegates represented 7 boroughs and 59 counties, including six western counties that became part of Tennessee when it was created in 1796. They met in Hillsborough, North Carolina from July 21 to August 4, 1788 to deliberate and determine whether to ratify the Constitution recommended to the states by the General Convention that had been held in Philadelphia the previous summer. The delegates had won their seats through special elections held in March 1788, as mandated by the North Carolina General Assembly. Governor Samuel Johnston presided over the Convention.  The Hillsborough Convention was dominated by anti-Federalists, and North Carolina did not ratify the Constitution until the Fayetteville Convention, which met a year later.
Bourzey castle
Bourzey castle, also known as Mirza castle (Arabic: قلعة ميرزا), is located at the border of Syria coastal mountains and Ghab valley, 25 km away from Jisr al-Shughur, at altitude 450 m. The inscriptions and mentioning of the castle relate it to the Byzantine era in the 11th century. Architecturally, it has a triangular shape. The western façade is 175 m, the eastern is 50 m. The southern and eastern façades are adjacent to deep gorges, but the western façade is the least steep. There  are 21 towers and a small church on the surface.

Ghab Plain
The Ghab Plain (Arabic: سَهْلُ ٱلْغَابِ, romanized: Sahl al-Ġāb, literally: Forest Plain) is a fertile depression lying mainly in the al-Suqaylabiyah District in western Syria. The Orontes River, flowing north, enters the Plain near Muhradah, around 25 km north-west of Hama.

The valley was flooded for centuries by the waters of the Orontes River, which rendered it a swamp. The "Ghab project", beginning in the 1950s, drained the valley to make it habitable, arable land, providing an extra 41,000 hectares (160 mi2) of irrigated farmland.

The valley separates the al-Ansariyah mountains in the west from the Zawiyah mountain range and the plateau region to the east. It is 63 kilometres (39 mi) long and 12.1 kilometres (7.5 mi) wide.
Linda Ingham
Linda Ingham (born 1964 in Cleethorpes, England) is a British artist who studied European Humanities before achieving an MA in Fine Art from Lincoln University of Art, Architecture & Design in 2007.

A member of the artist led group Contemporary British Painting, Ingham is a regular visiting lecturer in painting at the University of Leeds School of Design  and since 2008 has been the recipient of several awards from the Arts Council England for her studio practice and curatorial activities. Her work has been exhibited and collected by art museums in the UK and United States.

Cleethorpes
Cleethorpes (/ˈkliːθɔːrps/) is a seaside town on the estuary of the Humber in North East Lincolnshire, Lincolnshire, England with a population of 29,678 in 2021. It has been permanently occupied since the 6th century, with fishing as its original industry, and then developing into a resort in the 19th century. Before becoming a unified town, Cleethorpes was made up of the three small villages of Itterby, Oole and Thrunscoe.

The town lies on the Prime meridian, also known as the Greenwich meridian, and its average annual rainfall is amongst the lowest in the British Isles.

In 2021, The Trainline named Cleethorpes beach the second best seaside destination in the UK that is reachable by train, just behind Margate.
2023 Japan Open Tennis Championships – Singles
Ben Shelton defeated Aslan Karatsev in the final, 7–5, 6–1 to win the singles tennis title at the 2023 Japan Open. It was his first ATP Tour title. He and his father Bryan Shelton became the fourth father-son duo in the Open Era to win tour-level singles titles.

Taylor Fritz was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to Shintaro Mochizuki.

Bryan Shelton
Bryan Shelton (born December 22, 1965) is an American former professional tennis player and coach. During his playing career, he won two singles and two doubles ATP tour titles, and reached the mixed doubles final at the 1992 French Open, partnering Lori McNeil. Shelton played collegiately for Georgia Tech from 1985 to 1988, and then played professionally from 1989 to 1997.

Following his retirement from the sport, Shelton subsequently returned to his alma mater to coach the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets women's tennis team, which won the NCAA Women's Tennis Championship in 2007.  He then served as the head coach of the Florida Gators men's tennis team of the University of Florida, which he coached to winning the 2021 NCAA Championship. He is the only head coach to have won a national championship in both men and women's NCAA Division I Tennis.

In 2023, Shelton retired from collegiate coaching to coach his son, Ben Shelton, for the latter's professional career.
Michael A. O'Donnell
Michael A. O'Donnell (born June 17, 1956, in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania) is an American writer and researcher and co-principal investigator of the Adolescent Wellness Research Project, jointly with family strengths scholar Nick Stinnett. Their research on adolescent wellness was published in the book Good Kids (Doubleday 1995) and they were invited to speak on this study before the United Nations in Vienna, Austria, in 1995.

Zondervan
Zondervan is an international Christian media and publishing company located in Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States. Zondervan is a founding member of the Evangelical Christian Publishers Association (ECPA). It is a part of  HarperCollins Christian Publishing, Inc. and has multiple imprints including Zondervan Academic, Zonderkidz, Blink, and Editorial Vida. Zondervan is the commercial rights holder for the New International Version (NIV) Bible in North America. According to the Zondervan website, it is the largest Christian publisher.
Ruda-Bridska
Ruda-Bridska (Ukrainian: Руда-Брідська) is a village (selo) in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, in western Ukraine. It belongs to Zabolottsi rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

From 1918 to 1939 the village was in Tarnopol Voivodeship in Poland.

Until 18 July 2020, Ruda-Bridska belonged to Brody Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Brody Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion.

Zolochiv Raion
Zolochiv Raion (Ukrainian: Золочівський район) is a raion (district) in Lviv Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Zolochiv. Population: 158,943 (2022 estimate).

It was established in 1939.

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Lviv Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Zolochiv Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Brody and Busk Raions, were merged into Zolochiv Raion. At the same time, part of Zolochiv Raion was transferred to Lviv Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 68,394 (2020 est.).
Systems ecology
Systems ecology is an interdisciplinary field of ecology, a subset of Earth system science, that takes a holistic approach to the study of ecological systems, especially ecosystems.  Systems ecology can be seen as an application of general systems theory to ecology.  Central to the systems ecology approach is the idea that an ecosystem is a complex system exhibiting emergent properties.  Systems ecology focuses on interactions and transactions within and between biological and ecological systems, and is especially concerned with the way the functioning of ecosystems can be influenced by human interventions.  It uses and extends concepts from thermodynamics and develops other macroscopic descriptions of complex systems.

Emergence
In philosophy, systems theory, science, and art, emergence occurs when a complex entity has properties or behaviors that its parts do not have on their own, and emerge only when they interact in a wider whole.

Emergence plays a central role in theories of integrative levels and of complex systems. For instance, the phenomenon of life as studied in biology is an emergent property of chemistry and physics.

In philosophy, theories that emphasize emergent properties have been called emergentism.
Totzauer
Totzauer like the spelling variant Dotzauer is a Sudeten German toponymic surname for an inhabitant of Totzau (Czech: Tocov), a small village in northern Bohemia that was abandoned and destroyed in 1946. Notable people with the surname include:

Caren Totzauer, German wheelchair curler

Franz Totzauer (1911–1979), Austrian composer and conductor

Lisa Totzauer (born 1970), Austrian journalist

Sophie Totzauer (born 1992), Austrian model

Tocov
Tocov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈtotsof], German: Totzau) is an abandoned Sudeten German settlement located in the Hradiště military training area four kilometers southeast of Stráž nad Ohří. It lies in the Doupov Mountains at an altitude of 590 m on the Petrovský creek.
Occitano-Romance languages
Occitano-Romance (Catalan: llengües occitanoromàniques; Occitan: lengas occitanoromanicas; Aragonese: luengas occitanoromanicas) is a branch of the Romance language group that encompasses the Catalan/Valencian, Occitan languages and sometimes Aragonese, spoken in parts of southern France and northeastern Spain.

The classification of Occitano-Romance languages within the wider Romance language family has been a subject of a long-standing debate due to its transitional nature in the Western Romance dialect continuum.

The Gardiol language has been classified by Glottolog as an independent language in the Occitanic language family, but has also been classified as a dialect of Occitan.

Gardiol language
Gardiol (Occitan: Gardiòlcode: oci promoted to code: oc ) is the variety of Occitan still spoken today in Guardia Piemontese, Calabria.

UNESCO classifies it as "seriously in danger" of disappearing in its Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. But on the contrary, Agostino Formica showed in 1999 that Gardiol Occitan was still surviving despite the small number of speakers. Similarly, Pietro Monteleone stressed that Gardiol remained the language in common use in family and friendly relations.

Gardiol is of North Occitan origin. The population of Guardia Piemontese arrived from the Occitan Valleys of Piedmont in the 14th century, following the persecutions against the Waldensians. It is therefore related to the Vivaro-Alpine. However, Glottolog recognizes Gardiol as a distinct language within the Occitanic language family.
Guilherme Espírito Santo
Guilherme Santa Graça do Espírito Santo (30 October 1919 – 25 November 2012), best known as Espírito Santo, was a Portuguese footballer and athlete.

Over the course of 12 seasons he amassed Primeira Liga totals of 117 games and 79 goals, spending all of his career at Benfica, winning seven major titles.

Nicknamed The Black Pearl, he was a prolific goalscorer, with Peyroteo even claiming he was a more complete footballer than him.

1936–37 Campeonato da Liga
The 1936–37 Campeonato da Liga was the third season of top-tier football in Portugal. Although the first national competition (in a knock-out cup format) was still called Portuguese Championship, the Primeira Liga winners are considered the national champions.