hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cyril Parfitt
Cyril Harry Parfitt (6 February 1914 – 30 October 2011) was a British artist. He was based on the Isle of Thanet in Kent and works using mixed materials and techniques. His notable works include the hand-rendered pencil drawing 'The New Arrivals' which was hung in the Royal Academy.

Ordnance Survey International
The Ordnance Survey International or Ordnance Survey Overseas Directorate its predecessors built an archive of air photography, map and survey records for the United Kingdom from 1946 to 1999. The Ordnance Survey International Collection (formerly the Ordnance Survey International Library) held mapping records that were acquired outside the UK.

Although the international division opened in 1946, the OS had been involved in overseas work for almost a century (notably the 1864-65 Ordnance Survey of Jerusalem).

The agency was closed in 2001.
Archdiocese of Ayacucho
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ayacucho o Huamanga (Latin: Ayacuquensis o Huamangensis) is an archdiocese in the south-central Andes of Peru that was erected in the early 17th century, promoted to a metropolitan archdiocese in 1966 and covers the city of Ayacucho. Its archbishop—Archbishop Salvador Piñeiro García-Calderón has been leading the Archdiocese since 2011—is also the ecclesiastical provincial for the Diocese of Huancavelica and the Territorial Prelature of Caravelí.

Salesians of Don Bosco
The Salesians of Don Bosco (SDB), formally known as the Society of Saint Francis de Sales (Latin: Societas Sancti Francisci Salesii), is a religious congregation of men in the Catholic Church, founded in 1859 by the Italian priest John Bosco to help poor and migrant youth during the Industrial Revolution. The congregation was named after Francis de Sales, a 17th-century bishop of Geneva.

The Salesians' charter describes the society's mission as "the Christian perfection of its associates obtained by the exercise of spiritual and corporal works of charity towards the young, especially the poor, and the education of boys to the priesthood". Its associated women's institute is the Salesian Sisters of Don Bosco, while the lay movement is the Association of Salesian Cooperators.
Blackwell, Missouri
Blackwell is an unincorporated community in a small part of Washington County and the extreme northern section of St. Francois County, Missouri, United States. It is located approximately seven and a half miles south of De Soto.

A variant name was "Blackwell Station". A post office called Blackwells Station was established in 1858, and the name was changed to Blackwell in 1885. The community has the name of Lavinia Blackwell and Margaret Blackwell, first settlers.

Senator Earl R. Blackwell grew up near Blackwell.

De Soto, Missouri
De Soto is a city in Jefferson County, Missouri, United States. The population was 6,449 at the 2020 census and the city is part of the St. Louis metropolitan area. Isaac Van Metre was first to settle in De Soto in the year of 1803. The town was organized in 1857 and is named for the explorer Hernando De Soto, who claimed the Louisiana Territory for Spain. De Soto was the city closest to the mean center of U.S. population in 1980. The city celebrated its Bicentennial in 2003. The city made national news on and after May 6, 2003, when straight-line winds and a tornado struck the junior high gymnasium.
1978 Arizona House of Representatives election
The 1978 Arizona House of Representatives elections were held on November 7, 1978. Voters elected all 60 members of the Arizona House of Representatives in multi-member districts to serve a two-year term. The elections coincided with the elections for other offices, including Governor, U.S. House, and State Senate. Primary elections were held on September 12, 1978.

Prior to the elections, the Republicans held a majority of 38 seats over the Democrats' 22 seats.

Following the elections, Republicans maintained control of the chamber and expanded their majority to 42 Republicans to 18 Democrats, a net gain of four seats for Republicans.

The newly elected members served in the 34th Arizona State Legislature, during which Republican Frank Kelley was re-elected as Speaker of the Arizona House.

Arizona Republican Party
The Arizona Republican Party is the affiliate of the Republican Party in the US state of Arizona. Its headquarters are in Phoenix, Arizona. The party currently controls six of Arizona's nine United States House of Representatives seats, seventeen of thirty Arizona Senate seats, thirty-three of sixty Arizona House of Representatives seats, four of five seats on the Arizona Corporation Commission and three Statewide Executive Offices (Arizona State Treasurer, Arizona Superintendent of Public Instruction, and Arizona State Mine Inspector)

Since 2020, the state party had significant Christian nationalist and far-right factions. The Arizona Republican Party played key roles in attempts to overturn the results of the 2020 United States presidential election and the 2022 Arizona gubernatorial election.
Nose Electric Railway
The Nose Electric Railway Co., Ltd. (能勢電鉄株式会社, Nose Dentetsu) (pronounced No-say), occasionally abbreviated as Nose Railway or Noseden (能勢電), is a Japanese private railway company headquartered in Kawanishi, Hyogo, which links several areas in the mountainous Nose, Osaka, area to Kawanishi-noseguchi Station in Kawanishi, where one can transfer to Hankyu Takarazuka Line to Osaka.

Nose Electric Railway is a principal subsidiary of Hankyu Corporation. A rush-hour special express train, the Nissei Limited Express, operates from Nissei-chuo Station to Umeda Station, the terminal of Hankyu in Osaka, in the morning and back again in the evening for commuters.

Funicular
A funicular (/fjuːˈnɪkjʊlər, f(j)ʊ-, f(j)ə-/ few-NIK-yoo-lər, f(y)uu-, f(j)ə-), or funicular railway, is a type of cable railway system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep slope. The system is characterized by two counterbalanced carriages (also called cars or trains) permanently attached to opposite ends of a haulage cable, which is looped over a pulley at the upper end of the track. The result of such a configuration is that the two carriages move synchronously: as one ascends, the other descends at an equal speed. This feature distinguishes funiculars from inclined elevators, which have a single car that is hauled uphill.

The term funicular derives from the Latin word funiculus, the diminutive of funis, meaning 'rope'.
Hieromonk Makarije
Hieromonk Makarije (Serbian: Јеромонах Макарије; fl. 1494 – died after 1528) was a Serbian monk who is considered the founder of Serbian and Romanian printing, having printed the first book in the Serbian language and the first book in the territory of Walachia (part of modern-day Romania).

Târgoviște
Târgoviște (Romanian pronunciation: [tɨrˈɡoviʃte], alternatively spelled Tîrgoviște) is a city and county seat in Dâmbovița County, Romania. It is situated 80 kilometres (50 miles) north-west of Bucharest, on the right bank of the Ialomița River.

Târgoviște was one of the most important cities in the history of Wallachia, as it was its capital from 1418 to 1659. At the 2021 census, the city had a population of 66,965 people, making it the 27th largest in the country.
Perinaldo
Perinaldo (Ligurian: Pȓeiñaudu, Preinoud) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region of Liguria, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Imperia.

It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy"). It is the birthplace of the 17th-century Italian naturalised French astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini.

Province of Imperia
The province of Imperia (Italian: provincia di Imperia; Ligurian: provinsa d'Imperia; Occitan: província d'Impèria; French: Province d'Imperia) is a mountainous and hilly province in the Liguria region of Italy, situated between France to the north and the west, and the Ligurian Sea, an arm of the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Its capital is Imperia, though the largest city is Sanremo. It has 209,152 inhabitants.
Infaq
Infāq (Arabic: إنفاق) is an Arabic word meaning "spending, disbursement;" but also carries the sense of doing so simply to please God without asking for any favor or hoping for a return.

The word ʾinfāq is mentioned once in the Qurʾān in Q17:100. The imperative form of the verb  (ʾanfiqū) (أَنفِقُوا) appears 18 times in the Qurʾān  Similar wording is found at Q8:3; Q14:31; Q22:35; Q28:54; Q32:16.

The word ʾinfāq shares the same triliteral root with the word nifāq (ن ف ق, nūn fā qāf), meaning hypocrisy.

Infāq  is different from zakat, which is obligatory on Muslims, or sadaqah, which is charity for obtaining specific return or protection from some adverse event.

Ibrahim (surah)
Ibrahim  (Arabic: إبراهيم, Ibrāhīm "Abraham") is the 14th chapter (surah) of the Qur'an with 52 verses (āyāt). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is a "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, instead of later in Medina. It was revealed around 2–3 years before Hijrah, in a later stage of Muhammad preaching in Mecca when persecution of him and fellow Muslims had become severe.

The surah emphasizes that only God knows what goes on inside a man's heart, implying we must accept each other's words in good faith (14:38).
2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 2021 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were held from 20 to 24 October 2021 at the Velodrome Couvert Regional Jean-Stablinski in Roubaix, France. The championships were originally scheduled to be held in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan. The elimination race was introduced for the first time in the history of World Championships.

UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The UCI Track Cycling World Championships are the set of world championship events for the various disciplines and distances in track cycling. They are regulated by the Union Cycliste Internationale. Before 1900, they were administered by the UCI's predecessor, the International Cycling Association (ICA).

Current events include: time trial, keirin, individual pursuit, team pursuit, points race, scratch race, sprint, team sprint, omnium, madison and elimination race. Until 2024, women's events were generally shorter than men's. Since 2025, all events have the same length. Events which are no longer held include the motor paced events and tandem events.
Norbury Junction
Norbury Junction (grid reference SJ793228) is a hamlet and former canal junction which lies about 1 mile (1.6 km) to the south east of Norbury, in Staffordshire, England. The junction is where the Shrewsbury Canal meets the main line of the Shropshire Union Canal. Both canals opened in 1835 but the Shrewsbury Canal closed in 1944. The main line still runs through the former junction.

Nantwich
Nantwich (/ˈnæntwɪtʃ/ NAN-twitch) is a market town and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East in Cheshire, England. It has among the highest concentrations of listed buildings in England, with notably good examples of Tudor and Georgian architecture. At the 2021 census, the parish had a population of 14,045 and the built up area had a population of 18,740.
Bow Brickhill
Bow Brickhill is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority area of the City of Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. It is bounded to the north, west and east by the Milton Keynes urban area, approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) east of Fenny Stratford, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west of Woburn Sands and 4 miles (6.4 km) south-east of Central Milton Keynes.

The village name is a combination of Brythonic and Old English words for 'hill' (Brythonic: breg, Anglo Saxon hyll). The prefix 'Bow' comes from an Anglo Saxon personal name, Bolla. The various names of the village given in historic records were Brichelle (11th century); Brichull (12th century); Bolle Brichulle, Bellebrikhulle (13th century), and Bolbryghyll (15th century, 1418).

Milton Keynes urban area
The Milton Keynes urban area or Milton Keynes Built-up Area is a designation established by the United Kingdom's Office for National Statistics. Milton Keynes has no statutory boundary: the  1967 designated area only determined the area assigned to the Milton Keynes Development Corporation for development. The wider urban area outside that designation includes Newport Pagnell and Woburn Sands as well as Aspley Guise (Bedfordshire) and part of Stoke Hammond civil parish.

At the 2021 census, the population of Milton Keynes's Built-up Area was 264,349, an increase of 11.5% over the figure of 229,941 recorded at the 2011 census. That in turn was an increase of almost 25% on the population recorded in the 2001 census of 184,506.
Neiderhurst
Neiderhurst is a historic estate located at Palisades in Rockland County, New York.  The main estate house was built as a summer home between 1872 and 1874 in the High Victorian Gothic style.  It is a two-story, L-shaped residence surmounted by steep gable roofs.  It was built by Winthrop S. Gilman, Jr. (1839–1923), son of Winthrop Sargent Gilman (1808–1884). Also on the property are a small observatory converted to a cote; Fern Lodge, built 1866, a residential outbuilding that was formerly the stables; a barn converted to residential use; a concrete pergola; and stone shed.  The estate grounds retain a park-like quality.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
Islamic Front for Armed Jihad
The Islamic Front for Armed Jihad (French name, Front Islamique du Djihad Armé, hence the abbreviation FIDA) was a militant Islamist organization active during the Algerian Civil War. It was founded in 1993 when it split from the Armed Islamic Group of Algeria (GIA), under the leadership of Muhammad Said. Coming from the Djaz'ara (Algerianist) wing, it called for the violent overthrow of the secular Algerian government, and a system of government based on shari'a law.

It became notorious for its killings of intellectuals, including politicians and journalists. These included the killing of Kasdi Merbah and of the head of the UGTA union.

On July 21, 1996, it merged under the auspices of Mustapha Kartali with the Movement for an Islamic State (MEI) and other splinter factions of the GIA to form the Islamic Movement for Preaching and Jihad (MIPD).

Kasdi Merbah
Kasdi Merbah (Arabic: قاصدي مرباح, 16 April 1938 – 21 August 1993), whose real name is Abdallah Khalef, was an Algerian politician who served as Head of Government between 5 November 1988 and 9 September 1989 when he was a member of the National Liberation Front. He was assassinated on August 21, 1993.
Sebastian Krüger
Sebastian Krüger (born 30 June 1963 in Hamelin, Germany) is a German artist.

After studying free painting with Prof. Dörfler at the Braunschweig University of Fine Arts he made a stunning reputation as the designer of a number of cover spreads for the press in Germany and abroad and as an illustrator and creative designer of various LP covers. He then stepped away from commercial work and became a painter. During the ‘90s he also collaborated with the italian political magazine L’Espresso. In recent years, his work has moved away from the "star caricatures" to New Pop Realism.

The artist lives and works near Hanover and in California. His primary medium is acrylic paint, and his paintings are hyper-realistic in detail, yet also extremely grotesque in their distortion. He is well known for his lifelike depictions of The Rolling Stones, in particular, Keith Richards.

Hyperrealism (visual arts)
Hyperrealism is a genre of painting and sculpture resembling a high-resolution photograph.  Hyperrealism is considered an advancement of photorealism by the methods used to create the resulting paintings or sculptures.  The term is primarily applied to an independent art movement and art style in the United States and Europe that has developed since the early 1970s. Carole Feuerman is the forerunner in the hyperrealism movement along with Duane Hanson and John De Andrea.
La Rue-Saint-Pierre, Seine-Maritime
La Rue-Saint-Pierre (French pronunciation: [la ʁy sɛ̃ pjɛʁ]) is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region in northern France. It belongs to the Arrondissement of Rouen and the Canton of Le Mesnil-Esnard (until 2015 Canton of Clères). The inhabitants are called Bocassiens .

Canton of Le Mesnil-Esnard
The canton of Le Mesnil-Esnard is an administrative division of the Seine-Maritime department, in northern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Le Mesnil-Esnard.

It consists of the following communes:
Vicente Carrillo Fuentes
Vicente Carrillo Fuentes (born 16 October 1962), commonly referred to by his alias El Viceroy, is a Mexican convicted drug lord and former leader of the Juárez Cartel, a drug trafficking organization. The cartel is based in Chihuahua, one of the primary transportation routes for billions of dollars' worth of illegal drug shipments entering the United States from Mexico annually. He was one of Mexico's most-wanted drug lords until his capture in 2014. On 27 February 2025, Carrillo was extradited to the United States.

Drug lord
A drug lord, drug baron, kingpin, or lord of drugs is a type of crime boss in charge of a drug trafficking network, organization, or enterprise. When a group of independent drug lords collude with each other, in order to improve their profits and dominate the illegal drug trade, they form an organization called a drug cartel.
Zambia Independence Act 1964
The Zambia Independence Act 1964 (c. 65) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which granted independence to Zambia (formerly the protectorate of Northern Rhodesia) with effect from 24 October 1964.  It also provided for the continuation of a right of appeal from Zambia to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. It was introduced by Andrew Cavendish, 11th Duke of Devonshire Under-Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations.

Andrew Cavendish, 11th Duke of Devonshire
Andrew Robert Buxton Cavendish, 11th Duke of Devonshire (2 January 1920 – 3 May 2004), styled Lord Andrew Cavendish until 1944 and Marquess of Hartington from 1944 to 1950, was a British peer and politician. He was a minister in the government of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan (his uncle by marriage), and is also known for opening Chatsworth House to the public.
I Want Your Love (Atomic Kitten song)
"I Want Your Love" is a song by the English girl group Atomic Kitten, released as the third single from their debut album, Right Now (2000). The song samples the theme to the 1958 film The Big Country, and it was produced, arranged, recorded, and mixed by Damien Mendis at Metropolis Studios in London.

Released on 3 July 2000, "I Want Your Love" peaked at number 10 on the UK Singles Chart and number 48 in Ireland. Initial copies of the singles also contained a sample of the KLF's 1991 hit single "Justified & Ancient", but later copies had the sample removed. In 2004, "I Want Your Love" was included on Atomic Kitten's The Greatest Hits compilation.

Metropolis Group
Metropolis Studios is a music production and entertainment industry company established in 1989 by Gary Langan, Carey Taylor, Karin Clayton and Alexander Skeaping. It is located in the Power House, a Grade II listed building, at 70 Chiswick High Road in Chiswick, London, England. Over the last twenty years the group has expanded and now consists of three divisions: Metropolis Studios, Metropolis Mastering, and Digital Media/Productions.

Metropolis Studios was bought out on 31 May 2013 by 'MLML (Metropolis London Music Limited)', placing it in group with the Academy of Contemporary Music) The Group in 2017 gained a new CEO Richard Connell, a former Sony Music executive.
Kings of Uí Maine
Uí Maine was the name of an Irish kingdom situated in south Connacht, consisting of all of County Galway east of Athenry, all of southern and central County Roscommon.

In prehistory it was believed to have spanned the River Shannon, and in the 8th century even briefly extended its dominion west to Galway Bay. It existed as an independent kingdom from prehistoric times, and as a subject kingdom up to the end of the medieval era.

The acknowledged senior branch of the Ó Ceallaigh (O'Kelly) Uí Maine is the O'Kelly de Gallagh and Tycooly (see Irish nobility and Chief of the Name), and are Counts of the Holy Roman Empire. Other branches include: O'Kelly of Aughrim, O'Kelly of Mullaghmore, O'Kelly of Clondoyle, O'Kelly de Galway, Ó Ceallaigh Iarthar Chláir, O'Kelly of Gurtray, O'Kelly of Screen, and O'Kelly Farrell.

Athenry
Athenry (/æθənˈraɪ/; Irish: Baile Átha an Rí, meaning 'town of the ford of the king') is a town in County Galway, Ireland, which lies 25 kilometres (16 miles) east of Galway city. Some of the attractions of the medieval town are its town wall, Athenry Castle, its priory and its 13th-century street-plan. The town is also well known by virtue of the song "The Fields of Athenry". The town is in a townland, civil parish and barony of the same name.
Kaskel and Kaskel Building
The Kaskel and Kaskel Building was a building at 316 Fifth Avenue, near 32nd Street, in the NoMad/Koreatown neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It was completed in 1902 and demolished in 2017, after an unsuccessful attempt to save it.

Koreatown, Manhattan
Koreatown (Korean: 코리아타운; RR: Koriataun), shortened to K-Town, is a Korean enclave in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, centered on 32nd Street between Madison Avenue and the intersection with Sixth Avenue and Broadway, which is known as Greeley Square. The neighborhood in Midtown South features over 150 businesses of various types and sizes, ranging from small restaurants and beauty salons to large branches of Korean banking conglomerates. Koreatown, Manhattan, has become described as the "Korean Times Square" and has emerged as the international economic outpost for the Korean chaebol.
Autonomous oblast
An autonomous oblast (Russian: Автономная область (АО)) is an autonomous form of an oblast (administrative-territorial structure) in the USSR. Of the post-Soviet states, autonomous oblasts currently exist only in Russia (the Jewish Autonomous Oblast) and Tajikistan (the Gorno-Badakhshan).

There were autonomous oblasts of the Soviet Union and later some federal subjects of Russia were autonomous oblasts: the one remaining is the Jewish Autonomous Oblast. Eastern Rumelia was an autonomous province (oblast in Bulgarian, one of its official languages) of the Ottoman Empire. Serb Autonomous Regions are known as oblasts.

Serb Autonomous Regions
From August 1990 to November 1991, during the breakup of Yugoslavia, several Serb Autonomous Regions, Districts (literally Oblasts; sing. Serbian: Српска аутономна област (САО) / Srpska autonomna oblast (SAO)) were proclaimed in the Yugoslav republics of Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina in light of the possible secession of the republics from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. These were autonomous Serb-inhabited entities that subsequently united in their respective republic to form the Republic of Serbian Krajina in Croatia and the Republika Srpska in Bosnia and Herzegovina.