hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Julków, Łódź Voivodeship
Julków [ˈjulkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skierniewice, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south of Skierniewice and 47 km (29 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Skierniewice County
Skierniewice County (Polish: powiat skierniewicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Skierniewice, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county); there are no towns within the county.

The county covers an area of 756.12 square kilometres (291.9 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 37,779.
Edwards Cust
Christianity portal

Edwards Cust (born Sedbergh 2 September 1804 – died Northallerton 5 July 1895) was Archdeacon of Richmond from 1868 until 1894.

Cust was educated at St John's College, Cambridge. He held livings at Danby Wiske, Yafforth and Hutton Bonville.

Yafforth
Yafforth is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England about 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Northallerton. The village lies on the B6271 road between Northallerton and the village of Scorton. The parish had a population of 174 in the 2011 census.

The River Wiske passes to the east of the village. Romanby Golf Course is situated between Yafforth and the village of Romanby.
Lotus 32
The Lotus 32 was a Formula 2 racing car built by Team Lotus in 1964. It was developed from the Lotus 27 Formula Junior model. Twelve cars were produced, four of which were run by Ron Harris Team Lotus, whose drivers included Jim Clark and Mike Spence. Spence won the 1964 Autocar British Formula 2 Championship while Clark was fourth in the Trophées de France Championship.

Formula Two
Formula Two (F2) is a type of open-wheel formula racing category first codified in 1948. It was replaced in 1985 by Formula 3000, but revived by the FIA from 2009 to 2012 in the form of the FIA Formula Two Championship. The name returned again in 2017 when the former GP2 Series became known as the FIA Formula 2 Championship.
Pacification Sejm (1736)
The Pacification Sejm was a session of the Sejm in 1736 that concluded the War of the Polish Succession in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that erupted after the death of Augustus II the Strong in February 1733.  It confirmed the accession of Augustus III to the Polish throne, and gave Augustus the power to appoint as Duke of Courland a candidate who had the approval of Russia, Prussia, and the local nobility.  (This power was in effect a retroactive approval of Augustus' agreement with Anna of Russia that she could name her preferred candidate, Ernst Johann von Biron, to that post.)

Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
The Duchy of Courland and Semigallia was a duchy in the Baltic region, then known as Livonia, that existed from 1561 to 1569 as a nominal vassal state of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and subsequently made part of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom from 1569 to 1726 and incorporated into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1726. On October 24, 1795, it was annexed by the Russian Empire in the Third Partition of Poland.
Asanka
The Asanka, earthenware dish, is a Ghanaian grinding bowl that is made out of clay with ridges inside. It is one of two kitchen tools commonly used in Ghanaian homes. it comes with a wooden pestle masher called eta or tapoli in the local language. It is commonly referred to as traditional blender and appropriately used where there is no electricity. It is also called a 'pounding pot.' The Ga' s call it Kaa whiles the Akans call it apotoyewaa or Asanka. It is commonly used in the chop bars as serving bowls.

Chop bar
A chop bar is a traditional eatery in Ghana mostly located in the country's south. In Ghanaian pidgin, "to chop" means "to eat".

Chop bars mostly sell dishes of Ghanaian cuisine, such as fufu, banku, konkonte, and omotuo (rice balls) with different soups. Meals are served in local earthenware bowls and foods are usually eaten at the premises. Most of these bars are stocked with local alcoholic drinks with few foreign drinks available. It is a cultural icon of Ghana, and is popular among the locals.

Palm nut soup in a chop bar

Banku seller
Jane Dempsey Douglass
Essie Jane Dempsey Douglass (born 1933) is an American Presbyterian theologian and ecclesiastical historian. She was a professor at Claremont Graduate School before becoming the Hazel Thompson McCord Professor of Historical Theology at Princeton Theological Seminary. Douglass served as the President of the World Alliance of Reformed Churches from 1990 to 1997, making her the first woman to head a worldwide communion of churches.

Church history
Church history or ecclesiastical history as an academic discipline studies the history of Christianity and the way the Christian Church has developed since its inception.

Henry Melvill Gwatkin defined church history as "the spiritual side of the history of civilized people ever since our Master's coming". A. M. Renwick, however, defines it as an account of the Church's success and failure in carrying out Christ's Great Commission. Renwick suggests a fourfold division of church history into missionary activity, church organization, doctrine and "the effect on human life".

Church history is often, but not always, studied from a Christian perspective. Writers from different Christian traditions will often highlight people and events particularly relevant to their own denominational history. Catholic and Orthodox writers often highlight the achievements of the ecumenical councils, while evangelical historians may focus on the Protestant Reformation and the Great Awakenings.
Journal of Postgraduate Medicine
The Journal of Postgraduate Medicine is a multidisciplinary quarterly biomedical journal. The journal is the official publication of the Staff Society of Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India.

The journal was established in 1955 with N.M. Purandare as its first editor-in-chief. It is published open access.

Seth G.S. Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital
Seth GS Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital is a public medical college and hospital, located in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. It was founded in 1926. The medical college is affiliated with Maharashtra University of Health Sciences (MUHS).
Teyleria
Teyleria is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It includes three species of twining herbs native to Indochina, southern China, Hainan, the Philippines, Java, and the Lesser Sunda Islands. Typical habitat is seasonally-dry tropical forest, often on hillsides. It belongs to subfamily Faboideae.

Faboideae
The Faboideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. An acceptable alternative name for the subfamily is Papilionoideae, or Papilionaceae when this group of plants is treated as a family.

Members include the pea, the sweet pea, the laburnum, and other legumes. The pea-shaped flowers are characteristic of the Faboideae subfamily and root nodulation is very common. The papilionaceous species vary enormously in size from the tiny Lupinus uncialis only 2 cm in height to Pterocarpus mildbraedii subsp. usumbarensis at up to 75 m (246 ft) height.
Dazhong Si station
Dazhong Si station (simplified Chinese: 大钟寺站; traditional Chinese: 大鐘寺站; pinyin: Dàzhōng Sì zhàn; lit. 'Big Bell Temple station') is an interchange station between Line 12 and Line 13 of the Beijing Subway. It is named after the Big Bell Temple.

The station currently is an out-of-system interchange (OSI) between the lines. The in-system transfer passage is expected to be completed in December 2027 in tandem with the Line 13 upgrading project which will extend the length of the platform to support 8-car trains.

Line 12 (Beijing Subway)
Line 12 of the Beijing Subway (Chinese: 北京地铁12号线; pinyin: běijīng dìtiě shí'èr hàoxiàn) is rapid transit line in Beijing. The line is 27.5 km (17.1 mi) with 20 stations. It is fully underground and is colored brown on maps. The line between Sijiqing Qiao and Dongbabei opened on December 15, 2024.
Raljin oil shale deposit
The Raljin oil shale deposit is an oil shale deposit located in Raljin, Pirot District, Serbia. The deposit has oil shale reserves amounting to 300 million tonnes, one of the largest oil shale reserves in Serbia and Europe and has an organic content equivalent to 9.6 million tonnes of shale oil.

Shale oil
Shale oil is an unconventional oil produced from oil shale rock fragments by pyrolysis, hydrogenation, or thermal dissolution.  These processes convert the organic matter within the rock (kerogen) into synthetic oil and gas. The resulting oil can be used immediately as a fuel or upgraded to meet refinery feedstock specifications by adding hydrogen and removing impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen. The refined products can be used for the same purposes as those derived from crude oil.

The term "shale oil" is also used for crude oil produced from shales of other unconventional, very low permeability formations.  However, to reduce the risk of confusion of shale oil produced from oil shale with crude oil in oil-bearing shales, the term "tight oil" is preferred for the latter. The International Energy Agency recommends to use the term "light tight oil" and World Energy Resources 2013 report by the World Energy Council uses the term "tight oil" for crude oil in oil-bearing shales.
Prenatal hormones and sexual orientation
The hormonal theory of sexuality holds that, just as exposure to certain hormones plays a role in fetal sex differentiation, such exposure also influences the sexual orientation that emerges later in the individual. Prenatal hormones may be seen as the primary determinant of adult sexual orientation, or a co-factor.

Sexual differentiation
Sexual differentiation is the process of development of the sex differences between males and females from an undifferentiated zygote. Sex differentiation is usually distinct from sex determination; sex determination is the designation of the development stage towards either male or female, while sex differentiation is the pathway towards the development of the phenotype.

In many species, testicular or ovarian differentiation begins with the appearance of Sertoli cells in males and granulosa cells in females.

As embryos develop into mature adults, sex differences develop at many levels, including chromosomes, gonads, hormones, and anatomy. Beginning with determining sex by genetic and/or environmental factors, humans and other organisms proceed towards different differentiation pathways as they grow and develop.
IPartment
iPartment  (Chinese: 爱情公寓; pinyin: Àiqíng Gōngyù) is a sitcom from Mainland China. It was produced by the Shanghai Film Group and Shanghai Film Studio, and aired by Jiangxi TV in August 2009, with twenty 45-minute episodes.

The second season aired by Webisodes online due to its online fan base and polls for upcoming episodes. The second season featured four of the same characters from the first season by Chen three new characters. The third season followed with the same cast.

A film adaptation, Love Apartment, was filmed and released in 2018, and featured most of the cast reprising their roles.

The show is generally regarded as one of the most successful Chinese sitcoms of all time, mainly among the Post-80's generation minutes production on Z due to the advent of streaming services and network season is one of the first Chinese shows to depict modern young urban society and references wider Western pop culture phenomenon.

Shanghai Film Group
Shanghai Film Group Corporation (Chinese: 上海電影集團公司) is a film, animation and documentary production company under the Shanghai Media & Entertainment Group conglomerate.  In 2001, it was announced to be a combination of a number of studios, all of which are located in Shanghai, China.
Ana Leite
Ana Cristina Oliveira Leite (born 23 October 1991) is a Portuguese-German football forward, currently playing for YB Frauen in Switzerland's Swiss Women's Super League.

Born in Bocholt, Germany, Ana Cristina played club football in the Frauen Bundesliga while she studied at university in Bochum.

She was a member of the U-17 German national team, but subsequently chose to play for Portugal. She debuted for the senior Portugal women's national football team in the 2010 Algarve Cup and debuted one month later against Italy in the 2011 World Cup qualifying.

Italy women's national football team
The Italy women's national football team (Italian: Nazionale di calcio femminile dell'Italia) has represented Italy in international women's football since their inception in 1968. The team is controlled by the Italian Football Federation (FIGC), the governing body for football in Italy.

Formed in 1968, Italy took part in various unofficial international tournaments, hosting the first unofficial European Competition in 1969 and World Cup in 1970. Italy qualified for both the first World Cup in 1991, where they reached the quarter-finals, and the first European Championship. While Italy were runners-up in the European Championship in 1993 and 1997, they are yet to replicate similar success at the World Cup. In 2019, after a 20-year drought, Italy qualified for the World Cup where they equaled their previous best performance, reaching the quarter-finals.
3054 Strugatskia
3054 Strugatskia, provisional designation 1977 RE7, is a dark Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 27 kilometers (17 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 11 September 1977, by Soviet–Russian astronomer Nikolai Chernykh at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named after the brothers Arkady and Boris Strugatsky, two Russian science fiction authors.

C-type asteroid
C-type (carbonaceous /ˌkɑːrbəˈneɪʃəs/) asteroids are the most common variety, forming around 75% of known asteroids. They are volatile-rich and distinguished by a very low albedo because their composition includes a large amount of carbon, in addition to rocks and minerals. They have an average density of about 1.7 g/cm3.

They lie most often at the outer edge of the asteroid belt, 3.5 au (520 million km; 330 million mi) from the Sun, where 80% of the asteroids are of this type, whereas only 40% of asteroids at 2 au (300 million km; 190 million mi) from the Sun are C-type. The proportion of C-types may actually be greater than this, since C-types are much darker (and hence less detectable) than most other asteroid types, except for D-types and others that lie mostly at the extreme outer edge of the asteroid belt.
James Du Pré
James Du Pré (1778–1870), of Wilton Park, Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, was an English politician.

He was the son of Josias Du Pre (1721-1780), former Governor of Madras and educated at Eton College (1791) and Christ Church, Oxford (1796-1800). He succeeded his father to Wilton Park in 1780.

Du Pré was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of Great Britain (and then the Parliament of the United Kingdom) for Gatton 29 Apr. 1800–1802, for Aylesbury 1802–1804 and for Chichester 1807–1812.

He was selected High Sheriff of Buckinghamshire for 1825–26.

He married in 1801 Madelina, the daughter of Sir William Maxwell, 4th Bt., of Monreith, Wigtown, a niece of the Duchess of Gordon. They had 3 sons and 8 daughters, one of whom was the mother to the well-known politician Henry Labouchère.

Beaconsfield
Beaconsfield (/ˈbɛkənzfiːld/ ⓘ BECK-ənz-feeld) is a market town and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England, 24 miles (39 kilometres) northwest of Central London and 16 miles (26 kilometres) southeast of Aylesbury. Three other towns are within 5 miles (8 kilometres): Gerrards Cross, Amersham and High Wycombe.

The town is adjacent to the Chiltern Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and has Georgian, neo-Georgian and Tudor revival high street architecture, known as the Old Town. It is known for the first model village in the world and the National Film and Television School.

Beaconsfield was Britain's richest town (based on an average house price of £684,474) in 2008. In 2011 it had the highest proportion in the UK of £1 million-plus homes for sale (at 47%, compared to 3.5% nationally).
1998 Nottingham Open – Doubles
Ellis Ferreira and Patrick Galbraith were the defending champions, but did not partner together this year.  Ferreira partnered Rick Leach, losing in the first round.  Galbraith partnered Brett Steven, losing in the first round.

Justin Gimelstob and Byron Talbot won the title, defeating Sébastien Lareau and Daniel Nestor 7–5, 6–7, 6–4 in the final.

Justin Gimelstob
Justin Jeremy Gimelstob (born January 26, 1977) is an American retired tennis player. Gimelstob has been a resident of Morristown, New Jersey, and as of 2009 lived in Santa Monica, California.

He was the top-ranked boy in his age group at the ages of 12, 14, 16, and 18. As a pro, he made the final of the Newport Tournament in singles and has 15 doubles championships to his name, including the 1998 Australian Open and 1998 French Open mixed doubles titles with Venus Williams. He was twice a member of the U.S. Davis Cup team.

In singles matches, he defeated Andre Agassi, Petr Korda, Àlex Corretja, Pat Rafter, and Gustavo Kuerten.  His career singles record was 107–172. His highest career singles ranking was  No. 63 in 1999, and his highest career doubles ranking was No. 18 in 2000.
First of My Kind
First of My Kind is an EP by the English indie rock musician Miles Kane. It was released on 21 April 2012 as a Limited Edition Record Store Day Vinyl, then as a digital download the next day, both in the United Kingdom. The title song peaked at number 65 on the UK Singles Chart. The song premiered on BBC Radio 1 as Zane Lowe's 'Hottest Record In The World' on 14 March 2012. Production on the title track was handled by dubstep pioneer Skream in a move away from his more familiar sound.

Skream
Oliver Dene Jones (born 1 June 1986), known professionally as Skream, is an English electronic music producer based in Croydon. Skream has released records on several British record labels, such as Tempa, Tectonic, and Big Apple Records, and has performed throughout Europe, the US, Canada, Australia, and Japan, as well as the UK. Skream is known as an early and influential architect of the dubstep genre.

Skream and longtime collaborators Artwork and Benga co-founded a music group called Magnetic Man. Their debut album, Magnetic Man was released in 2010.

Since 2013 Skream has primarily focused on House music and Disco.
HMCS Miramichi
Three Canadian naval units have carried the name HMCS Miramichi.

HMCS Miramichi (J169) (I) was a Second World War Bangor-class minesweeper that served in the Royal Canadian Navy.

HMCS Miramichi (MCB 150) (II) was a Bay-class minesweeper, commissioned in July 1954, paid off in October 1954 and sold to France.

HMCS Miramichi (MCB 163) (III) was also a Bay-class minesweeper, commissioned in October 1957.

HMCS Miramichi (MCB 150)
HMCS Miramichi (hull number MCB 150) was a Bay-class minesweeper that served in the Royal Canadian Navy and the French Navy. She was named Miramichi Bay, located at the mouth of the Miramichi River in New Brunswick. Entering service in 1954, the vessel served in the Royal Canadian Navy for only a few months before transferring to the French Navy. Renamed La Lorientaise, the ship was used as a minesweeper before converting to a patrol vessel in 1973. The ship was discarded in 1986.
Ramarama language
Ramarama, also known as Karo, is a Tupian language of Brazil.

Unusually for the indigenous languages of South America in general and Tupian in particular, Ramarama is a fairly analytic language, with limited affixation and a strict SOV word order. However, the language also displays complex processes of morphophonological alternation, segmental allophony, and interaction between segmental and suprasegmental phonology.

Prosody (linguistics)
In linguistics, prosody (/ˈprɒsədi, ˈprɒz-/) is the study of elements of speech, including intonation, stress, rhythm and loudness, that occur simultaneously with individual phonetic segments: vowels and consonants. Often, prosody specifically refers to such elements, known as suprasegmentals when they extend across more than one phonetic segment.

Prosody reflects the nuanced emotional features of the speaker or of their utterances: their obvious or underlying emotional state, the form of utterance (statement, question, or command), the presence of irony or sarcasm, certain emphasis on words or morphemes, contrast,  focus, and so on. Prosody displays elements of language that are not encoded by grammar, punctuation or choice of vocabulary.
Skulduggery Pleasant: Death Bringer
Skulduggery Pleasant: Death Bringer is a young adult fantasy novel written by Irish playwright Derek Landy and published in September 2011. It is the sixth of the Skulduggery Pleasant series and sequel to Skulduggery Pleasant: Mortal Coil.

The story follows sorcerer-detectives Valkyrie Cain and Skulduggery Pleasant as they deal with emergence of the Death Bringer, Darquesse, and the return of Lord Vile.

The book was released in the US and Canada in 2018. HarperCollins Audio publishes the unabridged CD sets of the books read by Rupert Degas.

Fantasy literature
Fantasy literature is literature set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Magic, the supernatural and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy literature may be directed at both children and adults.

Fantasy is considered a genre of speculative fiction and is distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the absence of scientific or macabre themes, respectively, though these may overlap. Historically, most works of fantasy were in written form, but since the 1960s, a growing segment of the genre has taken the form of fantasy films, fantasy television programs, graphic novels, video games, music and art.

Many fantasy novels originally written for children and adolescents also attract an adult audience. Examples include Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, the Harry Potter series, The Chronicles of Narnia, and The Hobbit.
Chicken (The Eighties Matchbox B-Line Disaster song)
"Chicken" is a song by English rock band The Eighties Matchbox B-Line Disaster, released as the fourth single from their debut album Hörse of the Dög. It was played often on MTV Rocks (formerly MTV2 Europe) and Kerrang! TV. The cover of the single features artwork by Buzz Parker, creator of Emily Strange. The song was used in Nike's May 2012 commercial My Time Is Now.

MTV Rocks (UK & Ireland)
MTV Rocks (formerly MTV Two, MTV2 Europe and M2) was a British pay television music channel that was operated by ViacomCBS Networks UK & Australia. Its programming consisted of 24-hour non-stop rock/alternative music.

The channel closed on 20 July 2020.
Roger of Mortemer
Roger I of Mortemer (Roger de Mortemer, Roger de Mortimer, Roger Mortimer) (fl. 1054  - aft. 1078), founded the abbey of St. Victor en Caux in the Pays de Caux of Upper Normandy as early as 1074 CE. Roger claimed the castle of Wigmore, Herefordshire that was built by William FitzOsbern, 1st Earl of Hereford. This castle became the chief barony of Roger's descendants. He was the first Norman ancestor to assume the name Mortimer, as in the place-name Mortemer-en-Brai, the land on which the village and castle was located.

Upper Normandy
Upper Normandy (French: Haute-Normandie, IPA: [ot nɔʁmɑ̃di] ⓘ; Norman: Ĥâote-Normaundie) is a former administrative region of France. On 1 January 2016, Upper and Lower Normandy merged becoming one region called Normandy.