hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Keane (political theorist)
John Keane (born 1949) is an Australian political theorist. He is a professor of politics at the University of Sydney. For 25 years he also held a position at the Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin (WZB), which he resigned from in November 2023.

In 2021 Keane published the book To Kill a Democracy: India's Passage to Despotism  co-authored by Debasish Roy Chowdhury.

WZB Berlin Social Science Center
The WZB Berlin Social Science Center (German: Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung, WZB), also known by its German initials WZB, is an internationally renowned research institute for the social sciences, the largest such institution in Europe not affiliated with a university.

It was founded in 1969 through an all-party initiative of the German Bundestag. Around 140 German and foreign sociologists, political scientists, economists, historians, statisticians, computer scientists and legal scholars work in the WZB conducting basic research on selected social and political issues, concentrating on the industrialized societies of Japan and the West, as well as the transformations of Central and Eastern Europe and China. The question of globalization is of particular importance.
Florida's 19th congressional district
Florida's 19th congressional district is a U.S. congressional district in Southwest Florida. It includes the cities of Cape Coral, Fort Myers, Fort Myers Beach, Sanibel, Bonita Springs, Naples and Marco Island, as well as unincorporated areas in Lee and Collier counties. It has been represented by Republican Byron Donalds since 2021.

The 19th district was created as a result of the redistricting cycle after the 1980 census. From then until 1993, it was a Miami-based district; much of its territory is now the 25th district. From 1993 to 2013, it covered parts of Fort Lauderdale and West Palm Beach; this area is now the 23rd district. The current 19th covers most of the territory that was the 14th district from 1993 to 2013.

1980 United States census
The 1980 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 226,545,805, an increase of 11.4% over the 203,184,772 persons enumerated during the 1970 census. It was the first census in which a state—California—recorded a population of 20 million people, as well as the first in which all states recorded populations of over 400,000. This was the first census to count Hispanic and Latino Americans as an ethnicity.
Gastrodermis
Gastrodermis (from Ancient Greek: γαστήρ, gastḗr, "stomach"; δέρμα, dérma, "skin") is the inner layer of cells that serves as a lining membrane of the gastrovascular cavity in cnidarians. It is distinct from the outer epidermis and the inner dermis and is primarily associated with the ventral side of cnidarians. It is composed of specialized cells responsible for several vital physiological processes. The term is also used for the analogous inner epithelial layer of ctenophores.

Dermis
The dermis or corium is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the cutis) and subcutaneous tissues, that primarily consists of dense irregular connective tissue and cushions the body from stress and strain. It is divided into two layers, the superficial area adjacent to the epidermis called the papillary region and a deep thicker area known as the reticular dermis.  The dermis is tightly connected to the epidermis through a basement membrane. Structural components of the dermis are collagen, elastic fibers, and extrafibrillar matrix. It also contains mechanoreceptors that provide the sense of touch and thermoreceptors that provide the sense of heat. In addition, hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands (oil glands), apocrine glands, lymphatic vessels, nerves and blood vessels are present in the dermis. Those blood vessels provide nourishment and waste removal for both dermal and epidermal cells.
Surfing at the 2019 Pan American Games
Surfing competitions at the 2019 Pan American Games were held between 30 July and 4 August 2019 at the Punta Rocas beach in the Punta Negra District of Peru.

The sport of surfing will be making its Pan American Games debut. In July 2015, days before the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto, Canada, the then Panam Sports added the sport to the Pan American Games sports program. In 2016, the International Olympic Committee made several changes to its sports program, which were subsequently implemented for these games. Surfing was added, but was already included in the 2019 program a year earlier.

8 medal events are scheduled to be contested. Four per each gender A total of 88 surfers will qualify to compete at the games.

The event will be used as a qualifier for the  2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.

2019 Pan American Games
The 2019 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2019), officially the XVIII Pan American Games (Spanish: XVIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2019, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization held in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019, with preliminary rounds in certain events having begun on July 24, 2019. These were the first Pan American Games to be held in Peru, and the seventh to be held in South America.

The opening ceremony took place on July 26 at the National Stadium of Peru, and the Games were declared open by former Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra. These Pan American Games were held at venues in and around Lima, and are the largest sporting event ever hosted by the country.
Detroit Golf Club
42°25′35″N 83°07′35″W﻿ / ﻿42.42639°N 83.12639°W﻿ / 42.42639; -83.12639

The Detroit Golf Club (abbreviated to DGC) is a private golf club located in Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan in the middle of a neighborhood area on north side of the city near the University of Detroit Mercy and Palmer Woods Historic District. Bert Way designed the original 6-hole course. It was expanded to 9 holes, and finally Donald Ross built the current 36-hole course. The club grounds crew maintains two courses, the North and the South Course. The head pro is Carl Hays. Starting in 2019, Detroit Golf Club began hosting the Rocket Classic, an annual PGA Tour event.

Wayne County, Michigan
Wayne County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of 2020, the United States census placed its population at 1,793,561, making it the 19th-most populous county in the United States. The county seat is Detroit. The county was founded in 1796 and organized in 1815. Wayne County is included in the Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is one of several U.S. counties named after Revolutionary War-era general Anthony Wayne.
2024 Wimbledon Championships – Boys' singles
Nicolai Budkov Kjær won the title, defeating Mees Röttgering in the final, 6–3, 6–3. Budkov Kjær became the first Norwegian player to win a junior Wimbledon and Grand Slam tournament singles title.

Henry Searle was the defending champion, but chose not to compete in the junior event. He received a wildcard into the men's singles event, where he lost in the first round to Marcos Giron.

Alexander Vasilev (tennis)
Alexander Vasilev (Bulgarian: Александър Василев, born 14 May 2007) is a Bulgarian tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 975, achieved on 27 October 2025.

Vasilev reached an ITF junior combined ranking of world No. 2 on 8 September 2025. He was a major jr. runner-up at the 2025 US Open, in a historic first all-Bulgarian final ever played.
Ganapa
Ganapa is a 2015 Indian Kannada-language gangster film, written and directed by Prabhu Srinivas. It stars Santhosh Balaraj and Priyanka Thimmesh. The movie is a remake of Jeet starrer 2006 film Kranti. It has been dubbed by Pen Movies in Hindi as Daada Ka Vaada.

Gangster film
A gangster film or gangster movie is a film belonging to a genre that focuses on gangs and organized crime. It is a subgenre of crime film, that may involve large criminal organizations, or small gangs formed to perform certain illegal acts. The genre is differentiated from Westerns and the gangs of that genre.
Ambai Arts College
Ambai Arts College, is a Government Aided college located in Ambasamudram, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu. It was established in the year 1969 By the efforts of Thirthapathi Higher secondary school Electorate with the noble intentions of educating and empowering the students from rural background. The college is affiliated with Manonmaniam Sundaranar University. This college offers different courses in arts and commerce.

Ambasamudram
Ambasamudram is the principal town of the Ambasamudram taluk in Tirunelveli district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. The entire taluk had a population of 392,226 as of 2001, with 42.5% classified as rural. The town of Ambasamudram had a population 35,645 as of 2011.

The Thirumulanathar temple is located in Ambasamudram, on Melapalayam street. Kasibanathaswami Temple is another ancient temple of Ambasamudram which has a history of more than 2000 years.

The historical names of this town are Ilangoykkudi and Raja Raja Sathurvedi Mangalam.
Bomarea salsilla
Bomarea salsilla is a species of flowering plant in the family Alstroemeriaceae, native to Chile. It is distributed between the Valparaíso and Araucanía regions. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Valparaíso Region
The Valparaíso Region (Spanish: Región de Valparaíso, pronounced [valpaɾaˈiso]) is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. With the country's second-highest population of 1,896,053 as of 2024, and fourth-smallest area of 16,396.1 km2 (6,331 sq mi), the region is Chile's second most densely populated after the Santiago Metropolitan Region to the southeast. The region also includes Chile's remote islands of the Pacific Ocean, including Rapa Nui and the Juan Fernandez Islands.

Its capital is the port city of Valparaíso; other important cities include Viña del Mar, Quillota, San Felipe, Quilpué, Villa Alemana, and San Antonio.
Rolla (1805 ship)
Rolla was a French brig launched in 1801 or 1803 (records differ), that came into British hands in 1804. She became a privateer and then a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people, but before she was able to embark any captives the French Navy captured her. The British Royal Navy recaptured her and took her into service as HMS Rolla. She served in Sir Home Riggs Popham's attack on Buenos Aires. She returned to Britain in December 1807 and was laid up. The Admiralty sold her in 1810 and she became a merchant vessel. She was last listed in 1826, and may have been lost on the coast of Brazil in 1825.

Slave ship
Slave ships were large cargo ships specially built or converted from the 17th to the 19th century for transporting slaves. Such ships were also known as "Guineamen" because the trade involved human trafficking to and from the Guinea coast in West Africa.
The Maiden from the Apple Tree
The Maiden from the Apple Tree (Czech: Jabloňová panna) is a Czech fairy tale, first collected by author Karel Jaromír Erben in the 19th century, but only published in the 20th century. It is classified as tale type ATU 408, "The Love for Three Oranges", of the international Aarne-Thompson-Uther Index. As with The Three Oranges, the tale deals with a prince's search for a bride that lives inside a fruit, who is replaced by a false bride and goes through a cycle of incarnations, until she regains physical form again.

Culture of the Czech Republic
Czech culture has been shaped by the nation's geographical position in the middle of Europe, the Slavic ethnicity of Czechs, influences from its neighbors, political and social changes, wars and times of peace.

There are 16 Czech locations listed among the World Heritage Sites by UNESCO, six Czechs have been awarded a Nobel Prize and 173 have been nominated.
1919–20 William & Mary Indians men's basketball team
The 1919–20 William & Mary Indians men's basketball team represented the College of William & Mary in intercollegiate basketball during the 1919–20 season. Under the first year of head coach James G. Driver (who concurrently served as head football coach), the team finished the season with a 5–7 record. This was the 15th season of the collegiate basketball program at William & Mary, whose nickname is now the Tribe.

1919 William & Mary Indians football team
The 1919 William & Mary Indians football team represented the College of William & Mary as a member of the South Atlantic Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SAIAA) during the 1919 college football season. Led by first-year head coach James G. Driver, William & Mary finished the season with an overall record of 2–6–1 and a mark of 1–3 in SAIAA play.
Cierra Fields
Cierra Fields (born 1999) is an anti-rape activist, Native American community health activist, and member of the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma. Fields worked as a freelance journalist for Indian Country Today Media Network.

Indian Country Today
ICT (formerly known as Indian Country Today) is a nonprofit, multimedia news platform that covers the Indigenous world, with a particular focus on American Indian, Alaska Native and First Nations communities across North America.

Founded in 1981 as the weekly print newspaper Lakota Times, the publication's name changed in 1992 to Indian Country Today. After periods of ownership by the Oneida Indian Nation of New York and the National Congress of American Indians, ICT has been under the ownership of IndiJ Public Media since March 2021.
2004–05 Duleep Trophy
The 2004–05 Duleep Trophy was the 44th season of the Duleep Trophy, a first-class cricket tournament contested by five zonal teams of India: Central Zone, East Zone, North Zone, South Zone and West Zone. In addition to these five teams, a guest team (Bangladesh Cricket Board XI) also featured in the tournament.

Central Zone won the title, defeating North Zone in the final.

South Zone cricket team
The South Zone cricket team is a first-class cricket team that represents southern India in the Duleep Trophy and Deodhar Trophy. It is a composite team of players from seven first-class Indian teams from southern India competing in the Ranji Trophy: Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Hyderabad, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry. South Zone has the third strongest track record of all the zones in the Duleep Trophy, as they have won the Trophy 12 times and also shared the winner's trophy twice, with the best team, West Zone having won 18 times plus shared the trophy two times more.
St. Augustine College (Illinois)
St. Augustine College was a private college in Chicago, Illinois.  It was the first bilingual institution of higher education in Illinois. It was founded on October 7, 1980, under the auspices of the Episcopal Diocese of Chicago. The founding of a college was the culmination of ten years of work by Spanish Episcopal Services and Father Carlos A. Plazas, Ph.D. On April 25, 2023, it was announced that St. Augustine would merge with Lewis University at the end of the Fall 2023 semester, maintaining its bilingual instruction legacy as St. Augustine College of Lewis University.

Episcopal Diocese of Chicago
The Episcopal Diocese of Chicago is the official organization of the Episcopal Church in Chicago and Northern Illinois, US. The diocese is served by The Right Reverend Paula Clark, who serves as Bishop of the diocese. The cathedral of the diocese is St. James Cathedral, which is the oldest Episcopal congregation in the city of Chicago.

The Diocese of Chicago covers twenty-two counties located in the northern third of the state of Illinois, stretching from the shores of Lake Michigan on the east, to the banks of the Mississippi River on the west. Its northern boundary is the state of Wisconsin; the southernmost city is Watseka, Illinois.
The Red Carpets
The Red Carpets (French - Les Tapis rouges) is a 1906 oil on canvas still life painting, produced in Collioure by Henri Matisse. It was bought by Marcel Sembat from the galerie Bernheim-Jeune in 1908 and is now in the Museum of Grenoble, to which it was left as part of the collections of Sembat and his wife Georgette Agutte in 1923.

Museum of Grenoble
The Museum of Grenoble (French: Musée de Grenoble) is a municipal museum of Fine Arts and antiquities in the city of Grenoble in the Isère region of France.

Located on the left bank of the Isère River, place Lavalette, it is known both for its collections of ancient art and for its collections of modern and contemporary art. Thanks to the action of Andry-Farcy, one of its curators in the interwar period, it is considered the very best museum of modern art in France.

Its temporary rooms allow it to organize two exhibitions each year.
Murano (surname)
Murano is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrea da Murano, Italian painter

Elsa Murano (born 1959), American university president

Jacopo Murano (born 1991), Italian footballer

Maria Murano (1918–2009), French opera singer

Nadalino da Murano, Italian painter

Yiya Murano (1930–2014), Argentine murderer

Murano (written: 村野 or 邑野) is also a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Masao Murano (村野 正夫, born 1935), Japanese ice hockey player

Mia Murano (邑野 未亜, born 1986), Japanese model and actress

Tetsutaro Murano (村野 鉄太郎, born 1929), Japanese film director

Togo Murano (村野 藤吾, 1891–1984), Japanese architect

Maria Murano
Maria Murano, the stage name of Suzanne Chauvelot (July 4, 1918 in Nogent-sur-Marne – January 10, 2009 in Limoges) was a French lyric mezzo-soprano.  She was most active postwar in the years between 1950 and 1970.
Sepp Reif
Sepp Reif (5 September 1937 – 2 March 2023) was a German ice hockey player. He competed in the men's tournaments at the 1960 Winter Olympics, the 1964 Winter Olympics and the 1968 Winter Olympics.

Reif died in Pulheim on 2 March 2023, at the age of 85.

1968 Winter Olympics
The 1968 Winter Olympics, officially known as the X Olympic Winter Games (French: Les Xes Jeux olympiques d'hiver), were a winter multi-sport event held from 6 to 18 February 1968 in Grenoble, France. Thirty-seven countries participated.

The 1968 Winter Games marked the first time the IOC permitted East and West Germany to enter separately, and the first time the IOC ordered drug and gender testing of competitors.

Norway won the most gold and overall medals, the first time since the 1952 Winter Olympics that the Soviet Union did not top the medal table by both parameters.
Guangfeng, Shangrao
Guangfeng District (simplified Chinese: 广丰区; traditional Chinese: 廣豐區; pinyin: Guǎngfēng Qū; lit. 'Wide and luxuriant') is a district of the city of Shangrao, located in Northeastern Jiangxi Province, Eastern China.

The easternmost county-level division of Jiangxi, Guangfeng borders Zhejiang and Fujian provinces. It covers 1,377.79 km2 (531.97 sq mi).

The population is 760,000 people.

Administrative divisions of China
The administrative divisions of China have consisted of several levels since 1412, due to mainland China's large population and geographical area. In the People's Republic of China, the constitution provides for three levels of government. However in practice, there are five levels of local government; the provincial (province, autonomous region, municipality, and special administrative region), prefecture, county, township, and village.

Since the 17th century, provincial boundaries in mainland China have remained largely static. Major changes since then have been the reorganization of provinces in the northeast after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and the formation of autonomous regions, based on Soviet ethnic policies. The provinces serve an important cultural role in China, as people tend to identify with their native province.
Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum
The Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum is an art museum located on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis, within the university's Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts. Founded in 1881 as the St. Louis School and Museum of Fine Arts, it was initially located in downtown St. Louis. It is the oldest art museum west of the Mississippi River. The Museum holds 19th-, 20th-, and 21st-century European and American paintings, sculptures, prints, installations, and photographs. The collection also includes some Egyptian and Greek antiquities and Old Master prints.

The museum moved to its current home, designed by Pritzker Prize-winner Fumihiko Maki, in 2006.

In 2018 the museum was closed for renovation as part of a $360 million campus transformation program at Washington University in St. Louis. One year later, it was reopened with a new 34-foot-tall polished stainless-steel facade, a sculpture garden, and nearly 50 percent more public display space.

Frederic Remington
Frederic Sackrider Remington (October 4, 1861 – December 26, 1909) was an American painter, illustrator, sculptor, and writer who specialized in the genre of Western American Art. His works are known for depicting the Western United States in the last quarter of the 19th century and featuring such images as cowboys, Native Americans, and the US Cavalry.
May Queen
In the British Isles and parts of the Commonwealth, the May Queen or Queen of May is a personification of the May Day holiday of 1 May, and of springtime and the coming growing season. The May Queen is a girl who rides or walks at the front of a parade for May Day celebrations. She wears a white gown to symbolise purity and usually a tiara or crown. Her duty is to begin the May Day celebrations. She is generally crowned by flowers and makes a speech before the dancing begins. Certain age-groups dance around a Maypole celebrating youth and springtime.

Tiara
A tiara (from Latin  tiara, from Ancient Greek  τιάρα (tiára)) is a head ornament adorned with jewels. Its origins date back to ancient Greco-Roman world. In the late 18th century, the tiara came into fashion in Europe as a prestigious piece of jewelry to be worn by women at formal occasions. The basic shape of the modern tiara is a semicircle, usually made of silver, gold, or platinum and richly decorated with precious stones, pearls, or cameos.

Tiaras were extremely popular during the late 19th century and were worn at events where the dress code was white tie. After World War I, wearing a tiara gradually fell out of fashion, except for official occasions at a royal court. Interest in tiaras has increased again since the beginning of the 21st century. The word tiara is often used interchangeably with the word diadem.
Hydroacylation
Hydroacylation is a type of organic reaction in which an electron-rich unsaturated hydrocarbon inserts into a formyl C-H bond.  With alkenes, the product is a ketone:

RCHO  +  CH2=CHR'   →   RC(O)CH2CH2R'

With an alkyne instead, the reaction produces an α,β-unsaturated ketone.

The reaction requires a metal catalyst or a radical initiator.  Even so, the reaction is difficult to engineer, as oxidizing aldehydes to acyl radicals occurs only at high electrochemical potential.  It is almost invariably practiced as an intramolecular reaction using homogeneous catalysts, often based on rhodium phosphines.

Homogeneous catalysis
In chemistry, homogeneous catalysis is catalysis where the catalyst is in same phase as reactants, principally by a soluble catalyst in a solution. In contrast, heterogeneous catalysis describes processes where the catalysts and substrate are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas, respectively. The term is used almost exclusively to describe solutions and implies catalysis by organometallic compounds. Homogeneous catalysis is an established technology that continues to evolve. An illustrative major application is the production of acetic acid. Enzymes are examples of homogeneous catalysts.