hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Asar Lakhnavi
Mirza Jafar Ali Khan (12 July 1885 – 6 June 1967), better known as Asar Lakhnavi, was an Urdu poet, civil servant, critic, scholar, writer, translator who belonged from Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. He wrote Urdu ghazals and nazms under the pen name (takhallus) "Asar".

Takhallus
In Persian, Turkic, Hindustani and Punjabi, the word takhallus  (from Arabic تخلّص, lit. 'to get liberated or to become secure'; Persian: تخلّص, romanized: takhallos; Azerbaijani: təxəllüs; Uzbek: taxallus; Urdu: تخلّص, Hindi: तख़ल्लुस) means a pen name. Pen names were widely adopted by Persian, Turkic, Urdu and Punjabi poets.

The takhallus is often included in the maqta', the last couplet (bayt) of a ghazal.
Thomas Godwin (politician)
Thomas Godwin (also spelled Goodwyn, Godwyn) (died 1677/8) was a Virginia politician, planter and real estate speculator in Tidewater Virginia. He thrice served in the House of Burgesses representing the Nansemond River area (variously Nansemond County, and later Upper Norfolk County), and was its Speaker in the June 1676 session that preceded Bacon's Rebellion.

Nansemond River
The Nansemond River is a 19.8-mile-long (31.9 km) tributary of the James River in Virginia in the United States. Virginian colonists named the river for the Nansemond tribe of Native Americans, who had long inhabited the area. They continue as a federally recognized tribe in Virginia.

The river begins at the outlet of Lake Meade north of downtown Suffolk, which had historically marked the northern boundary of the city. The Nansemond River Light once signaled the river's confluence with the James.

The Nansemond River Bridge, once a toll bridge and part of U.S. Route 17, crosses the river near its mouth. Two other bridges cross the river, one from downtown Suffolk and one on Route 58.

The Nansemond National Wildlife Refuge is located along the river.
Joan Bybee
Joan Lea Bybee (previously: Hooper; born 11 February 1945 in New Orleans, Louisiana) is an American linguist and professor emerita at the University of New Mexico. Much of her work concerns grammaticalization, stochastics, modality, morphology, and phonology. Bybee is best known for proposing the theory of usage-based phonology and for her contributions to cognitive and historical linguistics.

Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics, also known as diachronic linguistics, is the scientific study of how languages change over time. It seeks to understand the nature and causes of linguistic change and to trace the evolution of languages. Historical linguistics involves several key areas of study, including the reconstruction of ancestral languages, the classification of languages into families, (comparative linguistics) and the analysis of the cultural and social influences on language development.

This field is grounded in the uniformitarian principle, which posits that the processes of language change observed today were also at work in the past, unless there is clear evidence to suggest otherwise. Historical linguists aim to describe and explain changes in individual languages, explore the history of speech communities, and study the origins and meanings of words (etymology).
2007–08 Middlesbrough F.C. season
During the 2007–08 season, Middlesbrough participated in the Premier League. The season saw them play their 4000th league game, versus Reading on 1 March 2008. They reached the third round of the League Cup, where they were knocked out by eventual winners Tottenham Hotspur, while in their FA Cup campaign they were knocked out by Championship side Cardiff City.

Gareth Southgate continued as manager under chairman Steve Gibson. George Boateng retained the captaincy from the previous season, until being replaced at the beginning of 2008 by Julio Arca. Arca's poor form saw him dropped in March, and Emanuel Pogatetz was handed the captaincy in his absence, and later retained it upon Arca's return to the side, though any permanent decision was put off until the following season.

January saw Middlesbrough smash their transfer record to pay a fee of around £12 million for Brazilian striker Afonso Alves.

Middlesbrough F.C. Under-21s and Academy
Middlesbrough F.C. Reserves and Academy  are the under-21 and under-18 teams of Middlesbrough F.C.

Most home fixtures are played at Rockliffe Park, near Hurworth, though some are played at Victoria Park, Hartlepool.
Drastic Symphonies
Drastic Symphonies is a remix album by English rock band Def Leppard with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, released on 19 May 2023 through Bludgeon Riffola and Mercury Records. It was produced by Nick Patrick and Ronan McHugh, and contains 16 of the band's songs re-recorded with orchestral accompaniment from the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra and arrangements by Eric Gorfain, recorded at Abbey Road Studios in London in March 2022. Most tracks contain the vocals from the original recordings. The album contains at least one song from Def Leppard's previous studio albums with the exception of On Through the Night (1980), X (2002), Yeah! (2006), and Def Leppard (2015).

Def Leppard (album)
Def Leppard is the eleventh studio album by the English rock band Def Leppard, released on 30 October 2015. The band's first studio album since 2008's Songs from the Sparkle Lounge (marking the longest gap between two studio albums in their career) and their first on earMUSIC Records, it became their seventh top ten album on the Billboard 200 after debuting at number 10. The first single "Let's Go" was released 15 September 2015, alongside the artwork and track listing.

The album was produced by Ronan McHugh and Def Leppard. It won a 2016 Classic Rock Roll of Honours Award for Album of the Year.
Military Police (Kazakhstan)
The Military Police of the Armed Forces of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы Қарулы Күштері Әскери полициясы, romanized: Qazaqstan Respublikasy Qaruly Küşterı Äskeri politsiiasy, Russian: Военная полиция Вооруженных Сил Республики Казахстан) is the military police branch of the Republic of Kazakhstan. It falls under the direct command of the Main Directorate of the Military Police under the Ministry of Defense. The military police are special military units that are organizationally part of the armed forces and other security agencies to carry out the functions of ensuring law and order in these bodies just like the civilian police.

The military police is under the joint jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the National Security Committee, all of which manage the activities of the military police.

Ministry of Internal Affairs (Kazakhstan)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan (MIA RK) is the Kazakh government ministry which oversees the police and the National Guard (formerly the Internal Troops) of Kazakhstan. The Ministry is headed by the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, appointed by the decree of the President of Kazakhstan. The Minister of Internal Affairs has 5 deputies, including the First Deputy Minister.

The residence of the minister and all senior leadership of the ministry, as well as all committees and departments are located in Astana.
The Girl Spy Before Vicksburg
The Girl Spy Before Vicksburg is a 1910 American silent film produced by Kalem Company of New York and shot at the company's "winter studio" in Jacksonville, Florida. Directed by Sidney Olcott, the Civil War drama stars Gene Gauntier, Robert Vignola and JP McGowan. Gauntier, in addition to performing as the production's title character, is credited with writing its storyline or "scenario".

A full copy of this film, although with Dutch intertitles, is held at the EYE Filmmuseum in Amsterdam.

Intertitle
In films and videos, an intertitle, also known as a title card, is a piece of filmed, printed text edited into the midst of (hence, inter-) the photographed action at various points. Intertitles used to convey character dialogue are referred to as "dialogue intertitles", and those used to provide related descriptive/narrative material are referred to as "expository intertitles". In modern usage, the terms refer to similar text and logo material inserted at or near the start or end of films and television shows.
Stephan Ulamec
Stephan Ulamec is an Austrian geophysicist, born in Salzburg on January 27, 1966, with more than 100 articles in peer-reviewed journals and several participations in space missions and payloads operated by diverse space agencies. He is working at the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR) in Cologne. He is regularly giving lectures about his publications in aerospace engineering at the University of Applied Sciences: Fachhochschule FH-Aachen. Main aspects of his work are related to the exploration of small bodies in the Solar System (asteroids and comets).

Small Solar System body
A small Solar System body (SSSB) is an object in the Solar System that is neither a planet, a dwarf planet, nor a natural satellite. The term was first defined in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) as follows: "All other objects, except satellites, orbiting the Sun shall be referred to collectively as 'Small Solar System Bodies'".

This encompasses all comets and all minor planets other than those that are dwarf planets. Thus SSSBs are: the comets; the classical asteroids, with the exception of the dwarf planet Ceres; the trojans; and the centaurs and trans-Neptunian objects, with the exception of the dwarf planets Pluto, Haumea, Makemake, Quaoar, Orcus, Sedna, Gonggong and Eris and others that may turn out to be dwarf planets.
Bernard Ogilvie Dodge
Bernard Ogilvie Dodge (18 April 1872 – 9 August 1960) was an American botanist and pioneer researcher on heredity in fungi.  Dodge was the author of over 150 papers dealing with the life histories, cytology, morphology, pathology and genetics of fungi, and with insects and other animal pests of plants. He made the first studies of sexual reproduction in the common bread mold, Neurospora.

Dodge's work on the genetics of Neurospora laid the groundwork for the discoveries that earned George Wells Beadle and Edward Lawrie Tatum the Nobel Prize in 1958.

George Beadle
George Wells Beadle (October 22, 1903 – June 9, 1989) was an American geneticist. In 1958 he shared one-half of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Edward Tatum for their discovery of the role of genes in regulating biochemical events within cells. He served as the 7th president of the University of Chicago from 1961 to 1968.

Beadle and Tatum's key experiments involved exposing the bread mold Neurospora crassa to x-rays, causing mutations.  In a series of experiments, they showed that these mutations caused changes in specific enzymes involved in metabolic pathways.  These experiments led them to propose a direct link between genes and enzymatic reactions, known as the One gene-one enzyme hypothesis.
The Resurrection Casket
The Resurrection Casket is a BBC Books original novel written by Justin Richards and based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. It was published on 13 April 2006 alongside The Stone Rose and The Feast of the Drowned. It features the Tenth Doctor and Rose.

Science fiction on television
Science fiction (Sci-fi) first appeared in television programming in the late 1930s, during what is called the Golden Age of Science Fiction. Special effects and other production techniques allow creators to present a living visual image of an imaginary world not limited by the constraints of reality.
Freguesia de Nossa Senhora do Carmo
Freguesia de Nossa Senhora do Carmo is a civil parish (freguesia) in the Macao Special Administrative Region. The major part of the freguesia is located in Taipa but it runs through to Hengqin Island in mainland China. The freguesia is named after the Our Lady of Carmel Church. It is the largest freguesia in Macau with an area of 7.9 square kilometres (3.1 sq mi).

Municipalities and parishes of Macau
By the end of Portuguese rule, Macau was administratively divided into two municipalities: Macau and Ilhas, and seven civil parishes (freguesias). Parishes were administrative subdivisions of the municipalities.

After the 1999 transfer of sovereignty over Macau from Portugal to China, municipalities were formally abolished on 31 December 2001 by Law No. 17/2001. Since the abolition of the municipalities, parishes are still officially recognized divisions but for symbolic reasons only, while some of the municipal services are now handled by the Municipal Affairs Bureau.
Karaçukur, Anamur
Karaçukur is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Anamur, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 485 (2022). It is situated in the forests of Toros Mountains to the northwest of Anamur. The distance to Anamur is 23 kilometres (14 mi) and to Mersin is 253 kilometres (157 mi).

Mersin
Mersin (pronounced [ˈmæɾsin]) is a large city and port on the Mediterranean coast of southern Turkey. It is the provincial capital of the Mersin Province (formerly İçel). It is made up of four district governorates, each having its own municipality: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir.

A larger metropolitan region which combines Mersin with Tarsus and Erdemli houses more than 1.7 million inhabitants. Çukurova International Airport (COV) situated 50 kilometres (31 miles) from Mersin city centre, is its closest international airport. There are ferry services from Mersin to Famagusta (Mağusa) in Northern Cyprus. Mersin is linked to Adana via Tarsus by way of TCDD trains.
Your Play Time
Your Play Time is a 30-minute American television anthology series that ran as a summer replacement show in 1953, 1954, and 1955.

The first two seasons contained live and filmed dramas, often with foreign settings. The 1955 season had comedic and dramatic episodes, all on film and all set in America. In seasons one and two (1953–54) it was the summer replacement for Ann Sothern's Private Secretary and The Jack Benny Program. In 1954, episodes were "re-runs of films from various series". In the third season it replaced Your Hit Parade.

Guest stars that included Hillary Brooke, Peter Graves, Jack Haley, George Nader, Tommy Rettig, and Ruth Warrick.

Episodes were broadcast from June 14, 1953, to September 6, 1953; June 13, 1954, to September 5, 1954; and June 18, 1955, to September 3, 1955. In 1954, the sponsor was American Tobacco Company.

Jack Haley
John Joseph Haley Jr. (August 10, 1898 – June 6, 1979) was an American actor, comedian, dancer, radio host, singer, drummer and vaudevillian. He is most notable for his portrayal of the Tin Man and his farmhand counterpart Hickory in the 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film The Wizard of Oz.
Georgian Extended
Georgian Extended is a Unicode block containing Georgian Mtavruli (Georgian: მთავრული, "title" or "heading") letters that function as uppercase versions of their Mkhedruli counterparts in the Georgian block. Unlike all other casing scripts in Unicode, there is no title casing between Mkhedruli and Mtavruli letters, because Mtavruli is typically used only in all-caps text, although there have been some historical attempts at capitalization.

Title case
Title case or headline case is a style of capitalization used for rendering the titles of published works or works of art in English. When using title case, all words are capitalized, except for minor words (typically articles, short prepositions, and some conjunctions) that are not the first or last word of the title. There are different rules for which words are major, hence capitalized. As an example, a headline might be written: "The Quick Brown Fox Jumps over the Lazy Dog".
Mynydd Garnclochdy
Mynydd Garnclochdy is a gentle summit on the long moorland ridge which extends south from the Blorenge towards Pontypool and which defines the boundary between the modern county of Monmouthshire to the east and the county borough of Torfaen to the west though historically it was entirely within the traditional county of Monmouthshire. Its summit, at a height of 448 m (1407 ft), is marked by a small cairn. The summit and the eastern slopes of the hill fall within the Brecon Beacons National Park. A southern top of the hill, Mynydd Garn-wen achieves a height of 436m, and carries a trig point further south again at an elevation of 425m. To the north the broad moorland ridge runs via a poorly defined 425m top and a col at 404m elevation just south of a minor east–west road, into Mynydd y Garn-fawr, east of Blaenavon.

Blaenavon
Blaenavon (Welsh: Blaenafon) is a town and community in Torfaen county borough, Wales, high on a hillside on the source of the Afon Lwyd. It is within the boundaries of the historic county of Monmouthshire and the preserved county of Gwent. The population is 6,055.

Parts of the town and surrounding country form the Blaenavon Industrial Landscape, selected as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000.
Welsh Wood
Welsh Wood is a 3.2 hectare Local Nature Reserve in Colchester in Essex. It is owned and managed by Colchester Borough Council.

Trees in this site are managed by rotational coppicing, and include ash, hazel, sweet chestnut and the rare small leaved lime. It is carpeted by bluebells in the spring, and there are other flowers such as yellow archangel and wood anemone. Dead wood provides a habitat for stag beetle larvae.

The reserve can be accessed from Deben Road and Barbel Road.

Lamium galeobdolon
Lamium galeobdolon, the yellow archangel, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae. It is native to Europe and western Asia but it is widely introduced in North America and elsewhere. It is the only species in the genus Lamium with yellow flowers. Another common name for this species is golden dead-nettle. In New Zealand, it is called the aluminium plant or artillery plant. The common names archangel and dead-nettle have been in use for hundreds of years, dating back to at least the 16th century.

Lamium galeobdolon comprises four closely related subspecies that are sometimes considered to be four separate species, one of which, the variegated yellow archangel (Lamium galeobdolon subsp. argentatum) from central Europe, is widely present as an invasive subspecies in several European countries outside of its native range and also in New Zealand, Canada, and the United States.
Theater Works (Peoria, Arizona)
TheaterWorks is a non-profit community theater company that operates out of the Peoria Center for the Performing Arts in Peoria, Arizona. The company produces more than 200 events a year for audiences of all ages, including their own productions as well as running and managing outside productions and rentals that use the arts center.

TheaterWorks has the Mary Jane Gyder Theater, a 274 seat state-of-the-art "Main Stage" theater with stadium style seating, and the Constance W. McMillin Theater, an 80 seat Black Box theater. The company also has two classrooms, a set construction shop, a costume shop, dressing rooms, and office space for the theater's staff.

Black box theater
A black box theater is a performance space, typically a square or rectangular room, with black walls and a black, flat floor. The simplicity of the space allows it to be used to create a variety of configurations of stage and audience interaction. The black box is a relatively recent innovation in theatre.
Football at the 1965 All-Africa Games
The 1965 All-Africa Games football tournament was the 1st edition of the African Games men's football tournament. The football tournament was held in Brazzaville, the Republic of the Congo between 19–25 July 1965 as part of the 1965 All-Africa Games.

Brazzaville
Brazzaville (French pronunciation: [bʁazavil]) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of the Congo. Administratively, it is a department and a commune. Constituting the financial and administrative centre of the country, it is located on the north side of the Congo River, opposite Kinshasa, the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo).

The population of the capital is estimated to exceed 2.1 million residents, comprising more than a third of the national populace. Some 40% are employed in non-agricultural professions. During World War II, Brazzaville served as the de facto capital of Free France between 1940 and 1942.

In 2013, Brazzaville was designated a City of Music by UNESCO; since then it has also been a member of the Creative Cities Network.
Willie Campbell (footballer)
William R. Campbell (born 1900, date of death unknown) was a Scottish professional footballer. He was born in Townhill, near Dunfermline.

At 18 he played for the Scottish teams Cowdenbeath, followed by Clackmannan. After that however he moved to Canada where he, for two seasons, played for the Montreal Maroons Soccer Team. In 1928, he returned to Scotland, representing Alloa Athletic, and was from there scouted for Huddersfield Town. He later played for Manchester City.

Clackmannan F.C.
Clackmannan Football Club was a football club based in Clackmannan, Scotland. They were members of the Scottish Football League in two spells, both during the 1920s, and played at Chapelhill Park. Players wore blue and white hoops.
Danilo Cinema, Hinckley
The Danilo Cinema (also known as The Cannon, The Classic, The Essoldo and All Bar Sports) is an Art-Deco former cinema and sports bar located on Trinity Lane in Hinckley. It marked one of three cinemas in the town, with the other two being The Odeon on The Borough, and The Regent on Lancaster Road.

Bar (establishment)
A bar, also known as a saloon, a tavern or tippling house, or sometimes as a pub or club, is a retail business that serves alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, liquor, cocktails, and other beverages such as mineral water and soft drinks. Bars often also sell snack foods, such as chips (crisps) or peanuts, for consumption on their premises. Some types of bars, such as pubs, may also serve food from a restaurant menu. The term "bar" refers both to the countertop where drinks are prepared and served and also by extension to the entirety of the establishment in which the bar is located.

The term derives from the metal or wooden bar (barrier) that is often located along the length of the "bar". Over many years, heights of bars were lowered, and high stools added, and the brass bar remains today.
July 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
July 17 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - July 19

All fixed commemorations below are celebrated on July 31 by Old Calendar.

For July 18th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on July 5.

Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar
The Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar describes and dictates the rhythm of the life of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Passages of Holy Scripture, saints and events for commemoration are associated with each date, as are many times special rules for fasting or feasting that correspond to the day of the week or time of year in relationship to the major feast days.

There are two types of feasts in the Orthodox Church calendar: fixed and movable. Fixed feasts occur on the same calendar day every year, whereas movable feasts change each year. The moveable feasts are generally relative to Pascha (Easter), and so the cycle of moveable feasts is referred to as the Paschal cycle.
Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies
The Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies (CAWCS; Welsh: Canolfan Uwchefrydiau Cymreig a Cheltaidd) is a research institute located in Aberystwyth, Wales. The centre was established by the University of Wales in 1985, and works under the University of Wales Trinity Saint David.

The centre holds responsibility on managing the University of Wales Dictionary, one of the main dictionaries of the Welsh language. It also manages the Dictionary of Welsh Biography with the National Library of Wales, as well as various projects, such as those relating to the poets or manuscripts of Wales, and collaborating with institutions in other Celtic nations.

Welsh poetry
Welsh poetry refers to poetry of the Welsh people or nation. This includes poetry written in Welsh, poetry written in English by Welsh or Wales-based poets, poetry written in Wales in other languages or poetry by Welsh poets around the world.