hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cyprus Government Railway
The Cyprus Government Railway (CGR) was a 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge railway network that operated in Cyprus from October 1905 to December 1951. With a total length of 76 miles (122 km), there were 39 stations, stops and halts, the most prominent of which served Famagusta, Prastio Mesaoria, Angastina, Trachoni, Nicosia, Kokkinotrimithia, Morphou, Kalo Chorio and Evrychou. The CGR was closed down for financial reasons.  An extension of the railway which was built to serve the Cyprus Mines Corporation operated until 1974.

2 ft 6 in gauge railways
2 ft 6 in (762 mm) gauge railways are narrow gauge railways with track gauge of 2 ft 6 in (762 mm). That gauge was particularly promoted by Thomas Hall and Everard Calthrop during the second half of the nineteenth century, especially in colonies of the British Empire.

Several Bosnian-gauge railways with 760 mm (2 ft 5+15⁄16 in) are found in south-eastern Europe. 760 mm (29.92 in) is well within engineering tolerance of 762 mm (30.0 in).
Today's Railways Europe
Today's Railways Europe is an English-based monthly magazine covering rail transport in Europe. It was founded by Platform 5 in July 1994. Initially published bimonthly, from August 1997 it was published monthly. It also covered rail transport in Great Britain, and was named simply Today's Railways, until a sister publication Entrain (later Today's Railways UK) was launched in 2002, and from then on Today's Railways Europe concentrated on rail transport in Continental Europe. Production of the magazine as of 3 April 2020 was suspended due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. Production resumed with the July 2020 issue.

The magazine was edited by Peter Fox until his death in 2011. Fox wrote the monthly "Grumpy Old Man" column. The present editor is Keith Barrow.

Continental Europe
Continental Europe or mainland Europe is the contiguous mainland of Europe, excluding its surrounding islands. It can also be referred to ambiguously as the European continent, – which can conversely mean the whole of Europe – and, by some, simply as the Continent. When Eurasia is regarded as a single continent, Europe is treated both as a continent and subcontinent.
Martin Maiden (microbiologist)
Martin Christopher James Maiden is an English microbiologist. He is Head of Department and Professor of Molecular Epidemiology in the Department of Biology at the University of Oxford, where he is also a fellow of Hertford College. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal College of Pathologists in 2010, a Fellow of the Society of Biology in 2012, and a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences and the American Academy of Microbiology, both in 2016.

He is widely known as a developer of method of molecular typing of bacteria MLST.

Royal Society of Biology
The Royal Society of Biology (RSB), previously called the Society of Biology, is a learned society and professional association in the United Kingdom created to advance the interests of biology in academia, industry, education, and research. Formed in 2009 by the merger of the Biosciences Federation and the Institute of Biology, the society has more than 20,000 individual members, and almost 100 Member Organisations. In addition to engaging the public on matters related to the life sciences, the Society seeks to develop the profession and to guide the development of related policies.

Individual Membership is open to both professional biologists and non-professional individuals with an interest in the life sciences, reflecting the Society’s inclusive and diverse community.
2000 Wellington Sevens
The 2000 Wellington Sevens was a rugby sevens tournament that took place at the Westpac Stadium in Wellington between the 4–5 February 2000. It was the first edition of the Wellington Sevens and the fifth round of the 1999-2000 World Sevens Series.

After finishing on top of Pool B with three straight wins, Fiji took out their third sevens title of the season defeating hosts, New Zealand 24-14 in the cup final to regain the series lead. Canada took out the plate final while France won the bowl final over Croatia.

Fiji national rugby sevens team
The Fiji national rugby sevens team has competed in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens and the Olympics. Fiji won the gold medal in the inaugural rugby sevens at the Summer Olympics in 2016 in Brazil, the country's first Olympic medal in any event, and repeated as Olympic champions in the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, defeating New Zealand. Fiji would fall short from winning gold for a third straight time in 2024 after a defeat in the final to hosts France. Overall, Fiji are the only national rugby sevens team in the world to have won the Sevens Treble (the Olympics, Sevens Series, and World Cup), the three major achievements in Sevens. They have won multiple World Rugby Sevens Series and Rugby World Cup Sevens.

Fiji Sevens is watched and enjoyed by fans around the world for its style of play — the "Flying Fijians" play with Fijian flair. Their passing and offloads can be unorthodox for traditional rugby coaching, and more similar to basketball style.
New Jersey Stallions (cricket)
The New Jersey Stallions are an American professional Twenty20 cricket team based in Somerset, New Jersey, that competes in Minor League Cricket (MiLC). It was formed in 2020 as part of 24 original teams to compete in Minor League Cricket. The team is co-owned by businessmen Venu Palaparthi and Ravikumar Suri.

The team's home ground is Howe Athletics Complex in Somerset. Jasdeep Singh took the helm as captain, with ex-South African player Justin Dill the vice-captain.

Americans Saiteja Mukkamala and Stephen Wiig lead the batting and bowling leaderboards for the team with 367 runs and 27 wickets.

Somerset, New Jersey
Somerset is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Franklin Township, in Somerset County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2010 United States census, the CDP's population was 22,083.

Somerset housed one of the first Marconi Wireless Stations in the United States.
Eliza Monroe Hay
Elizabeth Kortright Monroe Hay (December 1786 – January 27, 1840) was an American socialite who acted as unofficial First Lady during her father James Monroe's presidency, as her mother's health kept her away from many White House duties. She was married to prominent attorney George Hay.

Hortense de Beauharnais
Hortense Eugénie Cécile Bonaparte (French pronunciation: [ɔʁtɑ̃s øʒeni sesil bɔnapaʁt]; née de Beauharnais, pronounced [də boaʁnɛ]; 10 April 1783 – 5 October 1837) was Queen of Holland as the wife of King Louis Bonaparte. She was the stepdaughter of Emperor Napoléon I as the daughter of his first wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais. Hortense later married Napoléon I's brother, Louis, making her Napoleon's sister-in-law. She became queen consort of Holland when Louis was made King of Holland in 1806. She and Louis had three sons: Napoléon-Charles Bonaparte; Napoleon III, Emperor of the French; and Louis II of Holland. She also had an illegitimate son, Charles, Duke of Morny, with her lover, the Comte de Flahaut.
Tiéolé-Oula
Tiéolé-Oula is a village in the far west of Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Taï, Taï Department, Cavally Region, Montagnes District. The Cavally River—which is the border with Liberia—is four kilometres west of the village.

Tiéolé-Oula was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Cavalla River
The Cavalla River (also known as the Cavally, the Youbou and the Diougou) is a river in West Africa, rising north of Mont Nimba in Guinea, flowing through Ivory Coast and back to the border with Ivory Coast. It ends in the Gulf of Guinea, situated 21 km (13 mi) east of Harper, Liberia. It forms the southern two-thirds of the international boundary between Liberia and Ivory Coast.

It has a length of 515 kilometers (320 mi), and is the longest river in Liberia. The name is derived from the cavalla horse mackerel found at its mouth. It is home to the endemic Chiloglanis normani.
Madhopur, Phagwara
Madhopur  is a village in Phagwara tehsil in Kapurthala district of Punjab State, India. It is located 40 kilometres (25 mi) from Kapurthala and 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from Phagwara.  The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative.

Kapurthala
Kapurthala (Punjabi pronunciation: [kə.puːɾ.t̪ʰə.läː]) is a city in the Punjab state of India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Kapurthala District. It was the capital of the Kapurthala State, a princely state in British India. It is an immediate neighbour of Jalandhar city proper, and a part of the Jalandhar Metropolitan Region. The aesthetic mix of the city, with its prominent buildings based on French and Indo-Saracenic architecture self-narrate its princely past. And for this reason, it has often been referred to as the “Paris of Punjab”. It is also known as the 'City of Palaces & Gardens'. According to the 2011 census, Kapurthala is the least populated city in India.
Scherrie Payne
Scherrie Ann Payne (born November 4, 1944) is an American singer. Payne is best known as a member and the co lead singer of the R&B/Soul vocal group the Supremes from 1973 until 1977. Payne is the younger sister of singer Freda Payne. Payne continues to perform, both as a solo act and as a part of the "Former Ladies of the Supremes" (FLOS).

Dreamgirls
Dreamgirls is a Broadway musical, with music by Henry Krieger and lyrics and book by Tom Eyen. It is based on the show business aspirations and successes of R&B acts such as The Shirelles, James Brown, Jackie Wilson, and others, and particularly The Supremes, as the musical follows the story of a young Black female singing trio from Chicago, Illinois  called "The Dreams", who become music superstars.

Staged with a mostly African-American cast and originally starring Jennifer Holliday, Sheryl Lee Ralph, Loretta Devine, Ben Harney, Cleavant Derricks, Vondie Curtis-Hall, and Obba Babatundé, the musical opened on December 20, 1981, at the Imperial Theatre on Broadway. The musical  was then nominated for 13 Tony Awards, including the Tony Award for Best Musical, and won six. It was later adapted into a motion picture from DreamWorks and Paramount Pictures in 2006, starring Jamie Foxx, Beyoncé, Eddie Murphy, Jennifer Hudson, Danny Glover, Anika Noni Rose, and Keith Robinson.
Community Church of Gonzales
Community Church of Gonzales is a historic Gothic Revival church building at 301 4th Street in Gonzales, California, United States.  It was built 1883–1884 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.  It is one of Monterey County's oldest functioning churches, a prominent Carpenter Gothic church exemplifying a type common to late-19th-century small California towns. It is currently a church of the Presbyterian Church (USA).

Carpenter Gothic
Carpenter Gothic, also sometimes called Carpenter's Gothic or Rural Gothic, is a North American architectural style-designation for an application of Gothic Revival architectural detailing and picturesque massing applied to wooden structures built by house-carpenters. The abundance of North American timber and the carpenter-built vernacular architectures based upon it made a picturesque improvisation upon Gothic a natural evolution. Carpenter Gothic improvises upon features that were carved in stone in authentic Gothic architecture, whether original or in more scholarly revival styles; however, in the absence of the restraining influence of genuine Gothic structures, the style was freed to improvise and emphasize charm and quaintness rather than fidelity to received models. The genre received its impetus from the publication by Alexander Jackson Davis of Rural Residences and from detailed plans and elevations in publications by Andrew Jackson Downing.
Caoling
Caoling (Chinese: 草嶺; pinyin: Cǎolǐng) is a rural village in Gukeng Township, Yunlin County, Taiwan. It is 450 metres (1,476 ft) to 1,750 metres (5,741 ft) above sea level. The area measures approximately one thousand hectares.

Mountains around Caoling are prone to landslides, and four barrier lakes have formed around the area. The most recent one, New Caoling Lake, existed between 1999 and 2004.

Landslide dam
A landslide dam or barrier lake is the natural damming of a river by some kind of landslide, such as a debris flow, rock avalanche or volcanic eruption. If the damming landslide is caused by an earthquake, it may also be called a quake lake. Some landslide dams are as high as the largest existing artificial dam.
Woolstenhulmes & Rye
53°28′26″N 2°10′45″W﻿ / ﻿53.4740°N 2.1793°W﻿ / 53.4740; -2.1793

Woolstenhulmes & Rye  was a company that manufactured stationary steam engines.  It was based in Oldham, Lancashire, England.  The company produced large steam-driven engines for textile mills in Oldham and elsewhere.

Stationary steam engine
Stationary steam engines are fixed steam engines used for pumping or driving mills and factories, and for power generation. They are distinct from locomotive engines used on railways, traction engines for heavy steam haulage on roads, steam cars (and other motor vehicles), agricultural engines used for ploughing or threshing, marine engines, and the steam turbines used as the mechanism of power generation for most nuclear power plants.

The development of the steam engine was gradual. They were introduced during the 18th century and widely made for the whole of the 19th century and most of the first half of the 20th century, only declining as electricity supply and the internal combustion engine became more widespread. Over time, they would improve in pressure, expansion and speed.
Manitoba Lotteries Men's Curling Classic
The Manitoba Lotteries Men's Curling Classic was an annual bonspiel, or curling tournament, that took place at the Brandon Curling Club in Brandon, Manitoba. The tournament was held in a triple-knockout format. The tournament, started in 1998 as part of the World Curling Tour and was held until 2011. Curlers from Manitoba dominated the event.
The event was cancelled in 2012.

Bonspiel
A bonspiel is a curling tournament, consisting of several games, often held on a weekend. Until the 20th century most bonspiels were held outdoors, on a frozen freshwater loch. Today almost all bonspiels are held indoors on specially prepared artificial ice.
Party-state capitalism
Party-state capitalism (Chinese: 黨國資本主義) is a term used by some economists and sociologists to describe the contemporary economy of China under the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).  The term has also been used to describe the economy of Taiwan under the military government of the Kuomintang (KMT). The term is not used by the Kuomintang itself; it was coined by Taiwanese economists, such as Chen Shih-meng and Cyrus Chu, in their research report Deconstructing the KMT-State Capitalism (解構黨國資本主義; 解称党国资本主义).

According to academic Ho-fung Jung of Johns Hopkins University, "China's state capitalism departs from state capitalism in other countries in that the power of the CCP in the economy goes far beyond SOEs. Some, therefore, conceptualize China's political economy as a unique 'party-state capitalism.'"

Military dictatorship
A military dictatorship is a type of dictatorship where supreme power is held and exercised by the armed forces. Military dictatorships are usually led by the commander-in-chief of the military or the leading figure in military junta. They are most often formed by military coups or by the empowerment of the military through a popular uprising in times of domestic unrest or instability. The military nominally seeks power to restore order or fight corruption, but the personal motivations of military officers will vary.

Modern military dictatorship developed in Latin America during the 19th century, and it expanded in Europe during the early-20th century. It saw a resurgence during the Cold War, and new military dictatorships were established in Africa, Asia, and Latin America in the 1960s. Some scholars have asserted that the number of military dictatorships has declined since the end of the Cold War.
I've Been Thinking
"I've Been Thinking" is a song written by Boudleaux Bryant, performed by Eddy Arnold, and released on the RCA Victor label (catalog no. 20-6000). In January 1955, it peaked at No. 2 on Billboard's country and western juke box chart (No. 3 on the best seller chart). It spent 25 weeks on the charts and was also ranked No. 10 on Billboard's 1955 year-end country and western retail chart and No. 12 on the year-end juke box and disk jockey charts.

Felice and Boudleaux Bryant
Felice Bryant (born Matilda Genevieve Scaduto; August 7, 1925 – April 22, 2003) and Diadorius Boudleaux Bryant (/ˈbuːdəloʊ/; February 13, 1920 – June 25, 1987) were an American husband-and-wife country music and pop songwriting team. They are best known for songs such as "Rocky Top", "We Could" (credited solely to Felice), "Love Hurts" (credited solely to Boudleaux), and numerous hits by the Everly Brothers, including "All I Have to Do Is Dream" and "Bird Dog" (credited solely to Boudleaux), "Bye Bye Love", and "Wake Up Little Susie".
Gundar River
Gundar River flows through Madurai, Virudhunagar and Ramanathapuram districts of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The origin of Gundar is Sathuragiri hills, and it flows through Tirumangalam, Kamuthi and ends itself into Gulf of Mannar.

Ramanathapuram
Ramanathapuram (pronunciationⓘ), also known as Ramnad, is a city Municipal Corporation in Ramanathapuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the administrative headquarters of Ramanathapuram district and the second largest town (by population) in Ramanathapuram district.
Yudha Saputera
Yudha Saputera (born November 21, 1998) is an Indonesian professional basketball player for the Satria Muda Bandung of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL). He played college basketball for ITHB Arrows of the Liga Mahasiswa (LIMA), where he won the championship in 2019.

Indonesian Basketball League
The Indonesia Basketball League (IBL; Indonesian: Liga Bola Basket Indonesia) is the preeminent men's professional basketball league in Indonesia, founded by Indonesian Basketball Association (Perbasi) in 2003. From 2010 to 2015 it was known as the National Basketball League (NBL) and organised by DBL Indonesia. In 2016, PT Bola Basket Indonesia acquired Starting5 and after that PT Bola Basket Indonesia assigned by PP Perbasi to organised the league.
Sage & Spirit
Sage & Spirit is a compilation album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.  It contains ten songs – eight recorded in the studio and two live – selected from various albums.  It was produced as a vinyl LP in a limited edition of 4,000 copies, and released on April 3, 2019, in conjunction with Record Store Day.

The tracks on Sage & Spirit were excerpted from the albums Workingman's Dead (1970), American Beauty (1970), Europe '72 (1972), Wake of the Flood (1973), From the Mars Hotel (1974), Blues for Allah (1975), Shakedown Street (1978), and Go to Heaven (1980).

Sage & Spirit was a cross-marketing promotion with Dogfish Head Brewery.  The cover of the album depicts a dancing bear holding a mug of beer.  Grateful Dead Productions and Dogfish Head Brewery had previously collaborated on a beer called American Beauty, a pale ale brewed with granola and honey.

Pale ale
Pale ale is a golden to amber coloured beer style brewed with pale malt. The term first appeared in England around 1703 for beers made from malts dried with high-carbon coke, which resulted in a lighter colour than other beers popular at that time. Different brewing practices and hop quantities have resulted in a range of tastes and strengths within the pale ale family. Pale ale is a kind of ale.
2010 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships – Women's 3000 m
The women's 3000 meter at the 2010 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships took place in Heerenveen at the Thialf ice skating rink on Saturday 31 October 2009. Although this tournament was held in 2009, it was part of the 2009–2010 speed skating season .

There were 20 participants.

Title holder was Renate Groenewold.

The first 5 skaters qualified for the following 2009–10 ISU Speed Skating World Cup tournaments.

Thialf
Thialf (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtijɑlf]) is an ice arena in Heerenveen, Netherlands. Thialf is used for long track speed skating, short track speed skating, ice hockey, figure skating, ice speedway, and non-sporting events. The outdoor rink was opened in 1967, and the indoor stadium was opened in 1986. Several world records have been set in the indoor stadium.

Annually, Thialf hosts two Speed Skating World Cup events. Jan de Jong was the ice rink master at Thialf for many years.
Osaka Broadcasting Corporation
Radio Osaka Corporation (株式会社ラジオ大阪, Kabushiki-gaisha Rajio Osaka; OBC) is an AM radio station of National Radio Network (NRN) in Osaka, Japan. It is a company of the Donuts group, which owns 34% of the shares in the company with the Sankei Shimbun, part of the Fujisankei Communications Group owning 15.9% of the broadcaster's shares.

Radio Osaka started broadcasting on July 1, 1958.

Despite not being a member of the TBS Radio-led Japan Radio Network, OBC Radio Osaka is the only NRN-affiliated key station to air some of its programs, most notably, the weekday morning program, BRAND NEW MORNING.

TBS Radio
TBS Radio, Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社TBSラジオ) is a radio station in Tokyo, Japan, the flagship radio station of the Japan Radio Network (JRN). The company was founded by the Tokyo Broadcasting System (TBS, presently named TBS Holdings, Inc.) on March 21, 2000. TBS Radio started broadcasting on December 25, 1951.
HMS Crown
Five ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Crown. Another was planned but never completed:

HMS Crown (1660) was a 48-gun ship launched as Taunton in 1654. She was renamed HMS Crown on the restoration in 1660, was rebuilt in 1704 and wrecked in 1719.

HMS Crown (1747) was a 44-gun fifth rate launched in 1747, used as a storeship from 1757, and sold in 1770.

HMS Crown (1782) was a 64-gun third rate launched in 1782. She was used as a prison ship from 1798, a powder hulk from 1802 and was broken up in 1816.

HMS Crown (1794) was a gunvessel purchased in 1794 and sold in 1800.

HMS Crown was to have been a Britomart-class wooden screw gunboat. She was laid down in 1861 and cancelled in 1863.

HMS Crown (R46) was a C-class destroyer launched in 1945 and sold to the Royal Norwegian Navy in 1946 as Oslo.

Fifth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a fifth-rate was the second-smallest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six "ratings" based on size and firepower.
Cheontae
Cheontae (천태, also known as the Korean Buddhist Cheontae sect 대한불교천태종) is the Korean branch of the Chinese Tiantai school, which was founded in 594 by the monk Zhiyi (智顗) during the Sui dynasty. Though Tiantai teachings were introduced to Korea earlier, it was during the Goryeo period that Cheontae was established as an independent school by Daegak Guksa Uicheon (1055–1101), a royal prince and Buddhist scholar.

Geumgang University
Geumgang University is a South Korean university with a residential college model, located in the countryside next to Gyeryong Mountain, between Nonsan and Daejeon. The campus is within the administrative boundaries of Nonsan's Sangwol-myeon district.

The university was founded in 2003. For all students who maintain a 3.0 GPA average, there is no tuition fee, and housing is provided free of charge. Geumgang University is a residential college. It is a full residential college in that, unlike most universities in Korea, 100% of students live on-campus.

In 2016, courses were offered in the following subjects:

School of Buddhist Studies & Social Welfare

School of International Trade & Public Administration

School of Social Studies

Information Science

The student body is primarily undergraduates. There is a PhD program available only in the School of Buddhist Studies & Social Welfare.