hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Biliran's at-large congressional district
Biliran's at-large congressional district is the sole congressional district of the Philippines in the province of Biliran. It was created ahead of the 1995 Philippine House of Representatives elections following its conversion into a regular province under the 1991 Local Government Code (Republic Act No. 7160) which was ratified in a 1992 plebiscite concurrent with that year's general election. Biliran had been a sub-province of Leyte since 1959 and was last represented as part of Leyte's 3rd district in the House of Representatives from 1987 to 1995 and earlier from 1961 to 1972, the multi-member Region VIII's at-large district in the Interim Batasang Pambansa from 1978 to 1984, and the multi-member Leyte's at-large district in the Regular Batasang Pambansa from 1984 to 1986. It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Gerardo Espina Jr. of Lakas–CMD.

Biliran
Biliran, officially the Province of Biliran (Waray-Waray: Probinsya han Biliran; Cebuano: Lalawigan sa Biliran; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Biliran), is an island province in the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas region (Region VIII). Biliran is one of the country's smallest and newest provinces. Formerly a sub-province of Leyte, it became an independent province in 1992.

Biliran lies less than a kilometer north of the island of Leyte. A bridge-causeway fixed link over Poro Island in the gateway town of Biliran connects the province to Leyte.  Its capital is the municipality of Naval on the western coast of the island which is the most populous in the province.
Newcomb Spoor
Newcomb "Newt" Spoor (March 27, 1852 – September 7, 1935) was an American farmer, machinist, and politician.

Born in Oswego, New York, Spoor and his family moved to Wisconsin and settled in the town of Aurora, Waushara County, Wisconsin. Spoor graduated from Berlin High School and was a farmer and machinist. He moved to Berlin, Wisconsin in 1904. Spoor served in the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1911 to 1917 and in 1923. He was elected as a Republican and then supported United States Senator Robert M. La Follette, Sr. and the Wisconsin Progressive Party. Spoor died at his cabin in Silver Lake, Wisconsin.

Silver Lake, Wisconsin
Silver Lake is a former village and now a neighborhood within the village of Salem Lakes in Kenosha County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,411 at the 2010 census, when the community was still an independent village. On February 14, 2017, the village merged with the town of Salem to create the village of Salem Lakes.
Bill Devenish
William Charles Devenish is a former competitive swimmer of the 1960s and 1970s.

A Sydney native, Devenish attended Westfields Sports High School and was a dominant swimmer in the Combined Schools competition, holding all possible freestyle records.

Devenish claimed three gold medals at the 1967 national titles in Adelaide and the following year came fourth in the 400 metres freestyle at the national titles, where a podium placing was needed for selection to the Mexico City Olympics.

In 1970, Devenish secured a bronze medal in the 100 metres freestyle at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh and won two relay golds, including a world record breaking performance in the 4 x 200 metres freestyle.

Westfields Sports High School
Westfields Sports High School (abbreviated as WSHS) is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive and specialist secondary day school, with speciality in sports, located in Fairfield West, a western suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1963, the school catered for approximately 1,440 students in 2024, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom five percent identified as Indigenous Australians and 64 percent were from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education; the principal is Andrew Rogers.

Westfields Sports High School is a member of the NSW Sports High Schools Association. The school sits on a total area of approximately seven hectares (seventeen acres).
Elpoca Mountain
Elpoca Mountain is a 3,036-metre (9,961-foot) mountain summit located at the southern end of the Opal Range in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. The nearest higher peak is Mount Evan-Thomas, 12.0 km (7.5 mi) to the north. Elpoca Mountain is situated 4.0 kilometres south of Mount Jerram, and 2.0 km east of Gap Mountain, and all are within Peter Lougheed Provincial Park. Precipitation runoff from the west side of the mountain drains into tributaries of the Kananaskis River, whereas the east side drains into Elbow River.

Kananaskis River
The Kananaskis River /ˌkænəˈnæskɪs/ is a mountain river in western Alberta, Canada. It is a tributary of the Bow River, crossing much of the length of the northern section of Kananaskis Country.

The river was named by John Palliser in 1858 after a Cree.
Bernhard Goetzke
Bernhard Goetzke (5 June 1884 – 7 October 1964) was a German stage and film actor, renowned for his contributions to German silent cinema. Born in Danzig, German Empire (now Gdańsk, Poland), Goetzke began his acting career in theaters across Hagen, Düsseldorf, Dresden, and Berlin. His film debut came in 1917 with Robert Wiene's Furcht (Fear), but his breakthrough roles were in Fritz Lang's films, including Destiny (Der Müde Tod, 1921), Dr. Mabuse the Gambler (1922), and Die Nibelungen (1924). His restrained yet expressive acting style made him a favourite among filmmakers.

Dr. Mabuse the Gambler
Dr. Mabuse the Gambler (German: Dr. Mabuse, der Spieler) is the first film in the Dr. Mabuse series about the character Doctor Mabuse who featured in the novels of Norbert Jacques. It was directed by Fritz Lang and released in 1922. The film is silent and would be followed by the sound sequels The Testament of Dr. Mabuse (1933) and The Thousand Eyes of Dr. Mabuse (1960).

It is four and a half hours long and divided into two parts, originally released a month apart: Der große Spieler: Ein Bild der Zeit and Inferno: Ein Spiel von Menschen unserer Zeit. The title, Dr. Mabuse, der Spieler, makes use of three meanings of the German Der Spieler which can mean gambler, puppeteer, or actor.

The film is included in the book 1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die, being the first of five Lang films to be included.
Classicide
Classicide is a concept proposed by sociologist Michael Mann to describe the deliberate and systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of a social class through persecution and violence. Although it was first used by physician and anti-communist activist Fred Schwarz in 1972, classicide was popularized by Mann as a term that is similar to but distinct from genocide because it means the "intended mass killing of entire social classes." Classicide is considered a form of "premeditated mass killing", which is narrower than genocide, because the target of a classicide is a part of a population which is defined by its social status, and classicide is also considered broader than politicide because the group which is targeted for classicide is killed without any concern for its political activities.

Political cleansing of population
Political cleansing of a population is the elimination of categories of people in specific areas for political reasons. The means of it may vary and they may include acts of political violence, ethnic cleansing, forced migration, genocide political repression, purges, population transfers and terrorism (especially state terrorism and state-sponsored terrorism). Political cleansing has been used by many dictatorships.
2015 Fergana Challenger
The 2015 Fergana Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 16th edition of the tournament for men which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money, and the fifth edition of the event for women on the 2015 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $25,000 in prize money. It took place in Fergana, Uzbekistan, on 15–22 June 2015.

Polina Merenkova
Polina Merenkova (born 11 November 1995) is a  former professional Uzbekistani tennis player.

Merenkova has a career-high doubles ranking of 431 by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), which she achieved on 17 July 2017. She won four doubles titles on tournaments of the ITF Circuit.

She made her WTA Tour main-draw debut at the 2016 Tashkent Open in the doubles event, partnering Dayana Yastremska.
Irgun and Lehi internment in Africa
From 1944 to 1948, Irgun and Lehi men being held without trial at the Latroun camp were deported by the British Mandate of Palestine authorities to internment camps in Africa, located in Sembel (near Asmara, Eritrea), Carthago, Sudan and Gilgil (north of Nairobi, Kenya). The deportees were returned in July 1948, only after the Israeli Declaration of Independence.

Kenya Colony
The Colony and Protectorate of Kenya, commonly known as British Kenya or British East Africa, was a colony part of the British Empire located in East Africa from 1920 until 1963. It was established when the former East Africa Protectorate was transformed into a British Crown colony in 1920. Technically, the "Colony of Kenya" referred to the interior lands, while a 16-kilometre (9.9 mi) coastal strip, nominally on lease from the Sultan of Zanzibar, was the "Protectorate of Kenya", but the two were controlled as a single administrative unit. The colony came to an end in 1963 when a native Kenyan majority government was elected for the first time and eventually declared independence.

However, Kenya is sometimes referred to as the "Scottish Colony" due to the fact that William Mackinnon, the founder of the Imperial British East Africa Company that was governing Kenya, was a native of Scotland.
Activation-induced cell death
AICD (activation-induced cell death) is programmed cell death caused by the interaction of Fas receptors (Fas, CD95) and Fas ligands (FasL, CD95 ligand). AICD is a negative regulator of activated T lymphocytes that results from repeated stimulation of their T-cell receptors (TCR) and helps to maintain peripheral immune tolerance.  Alteration of the process may lead to autoimmune diseases. In fact AICD in T cells might be one of the mechanisms of resistance to cancer immunotherapy.

The AICD effector cell is one that expresses FasL, and apoptosis is induced in the cell expressing the Fas receptor. Both activated T cells and B cells express Fas and undergo clonal deletion by the AICD mechanism. Activated T cells that express both Fas and FasL may be killed by themselves or by each other.

Clonal deletion
In immunology, clonal deletion is the process of removing T and B lymphocytes from the immune system repertoire.  The process of clonal deletion helps prevent recognition and destruction of the self host cells, making it a type of negative selection. Ultimately, clonal deletion plays a role in central tolerance.  Clonal deletion can help protect individuals against autoimmunity, which is when an organism produces an immune response on its own cells. It is one of many methods used by the body in immune tolerance.
Fish War
Fish War (stylized FISH WAR) is a 2024 American documentary film about a series of civil disobedience protests by tribes in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States during the 1960s and 1970s, called the Fish Wars. The film was produced by Northwest Treaty Tribes Media and North Forty Productions, and had its world premiere on May 11, 2024 at the Seattle International Film Festival. The filmmakers used archival footage for most of the film.

Seattle International Film Festival
The Seattle International Film Festival (SIFF) is an Oscar-qualifying film festival held annually in Seattle, Washington, United States, since 1976. It usually takes place in late May and/or early June. It is one of the largest festivals in the world, and features a diverse assortment of predominantly independent and foreign films, and a strong contingent of documentaries.

SIFF 2006 included more than 300 films and 160,000 attendees; also it was the first SIFF to include a venue in neighboring Bellevue, Washington, after an ill-fated early attempt. However, in 2008, the festival was back to being entirely in Seattle, and had a slight decrease in the number of feature films. The 2010 festival featured over 400 films, shown primarily in downtown Seattle and its nearby neighborhoods, and in Renton, Kirkland, and Juanita Beach Park.
Cape Colbeck
Cape Colbeck is a prominent ice-covered cape which forms the northwestern extremity of the Edward VII Peninsula and Marie Byrd Land in Antarctica. It was discovered in January 1902 by the British National Antarctic Expedition and named for Captain William Colbeck, Royal Naval Reserve, who commanded Robert Scott's relief ship, the Morning.

Marie Byrd Land
Marie Byrd Land (MBL) is an unclaimed region of Antarctica. With an area of 1,610,000 km2 (620,000 sq mi), it is the largest unclaimed territory on Earth. It was named after the wife of American naval officer Richard E. Byrd, who explored the region in the early 20th century.

The territory lies in West Antarctica, east of the Ross Ice Shelf and the Ross Sea and south of the Pacific Ocean portion of the Antarctic or Southern Ocean, extending eastward approximately to a line between the head of the Ross Ice Shelf and Eights Coast. It stretches between 158°W and 103°24'W. The inclusion of the area between the Rockefeller Plateau and Eights Coast is based upon Byrd's exploration.
Donald Browning
Donald MacRae Browning (1860 – April 24, 1914) was a lawyer and politician in Newfoundland Colony. He represented Twillingate in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1897 to 1899 as a Liberal.

The son of Gilbert Browning, he was born in St. John's. He attended classes at Upper Canada College and at the University of Glasgow. Browning was called to the Newfoundland bar in 1888. He ran unsuccessfully for the Harbour Grace seat in the Newfoundland assembly in 1893. From 1894 to 1897, Browning served as solicitor for the assembly. He resigned his seat in the assembly in 1899 to become registrar for the Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Registrar of Deeds. He was also named King's Counsel in 1899.

With Sir Edward Morris, he was co-editor of the Law Reports from 1899 to 1903.

Newfoundland Colony
Newfoundland was an English, and later British, colony established in 1610 on the island of Newfoundland. That followed decades of sporadic English settlement on the island, which was at first only seasonal. Newfoundland was made a Crown colony in 1824 and a dominion in 1907. Its economy collapsed during the Great Depression. On 16 February 1934, the Newfoundland legislature agreed to the creation of a six-member Commission of Government to govern the country. In 1949, the country voted to join Canada as the province of Newfoundland.
Laurence Oliphant (author)
Laurence Oliphant (3 August 1829 – 23 December 1888), a Member of Parliament, was a South African-born British author, traveller, diplomat, British intelligence agent, Christian mystic, and Christian Zionist. His best known book in his lifetime was a satirical novel, Piccadilly (1870). More heed has gone since to his plan for Jewish farming communities in the Holy Land, The Land of Gilead. Oliphant was a UK Member of Parliament for Stirling Burghs.

Sublime Porte
The Sublime Porte, also known as the Ottoman Porte or High Porte (Ottoman Turkish: باب عالی, romanized: Bâb-ı Âlî or Babıali; Turkish pronunciation: [baːbɯˈaːliː]), was a metonymy used to refer collectively to the central government of the Ottoman Empire in Istanbul. It is particularly referred to the building which housed the office of the Grand Vizier, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of the Interior, and the Supreme Council of Judicial Ordinances. Today it houses the office of the Istanbul governerate.
St. John the Baptist Chapel
The St. John the Baptist Chapel is a historic Russian Orthodox chapel in Naknek, Alaska, United States.  It is traditionally said to have been built in 1886 and enlarged in 1914.  It is a simple single story wood-frame building.  It consists of a single chamber, measuring 10'3"' wide and 30'3" long, which houses the nave and altar, and a small vestibule.  Analysis of the construction indicates that the vestibule and a portion of the nave were constructed after the original construction date.  The gable roof is topped by a centrally-placed Russian Orthodox cross, and there is a bell mounted on a metal framework outside the vestibule.

The chapel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Naknek, Alaska
Naknek (Central Yupik: Nakniq) is a census-designated place located in and the borough seat of Bristol Bay Borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population of the CDP was 470, down from 544 in 2010.

Naknek is located on the north bank of the Naknek River, close to where the river runs into the Kvichak Bay arm of the northeastern end of Bristol Bay. South Naknek is on the other side of the river.
Drowns the Whiskey
"Drowns the Whiskey" is a song written by Josh Thompson, Brandon Kinney, and Jeff Middleton and recorded by American country music singer Jason Aldean featuring Miranda Lambert. It was released in May 2018 as the second single from Aldean's album Rearview Town.

Rearview Town
Rearview Town is the eighth studio album by American country music singer Jason Aldean. It was released on April 13, 2018 via Broken Bow Records. It debuted at the top of the Billboard 200 chart, becoming Aldean's fourth consecutive number one album in the United States.
Fanny Sidney
Fanny Mauferon-Vernet (born 5 April 1987), known professionally as Fanny Sidney, is a French actress, director and screenwriter. She is known for her role as Camille Valentini in the TV series Call My Agent! (2015–2020).

Hugo Becker
Hugo Becker (born Jean Otto Eric Hugo Becker; 13 February 1863 – 30 July 1941) was a German cellist, cello teacher, and composer. He studied at a young age with Alfredo Piatti, and later Friedrich Grützmacher in Dresden.
Ryosuke Irie
Ryosuke Irie (入江 陵介, Irie Ryōsuke; born 24 January 1990) is a Japanese retired competitive swimmer who competes in backstroke events.  He is a Kindai University student in Osaka.

He won a silver medal in the 200 metre backstroke and a bronze in the 100 metre backstroke at the 2012 Summer Olympics, along with a silver in the men's 4 × 100 m medley with the Japanese team. His beautiful backstroke technique has often been compared to Roland Matthes, who was described as the Rolls-Royce of swimming.

Rolls-Royce Motors
Rolls-Royce Motors was a British luxury car manufacturer, created in 1973 during the de-merger of the Rolls-Royce automotive business from the nationalised Rolls-Royce Limited. It produced luxury cars under the Rolls-Royce and Bentley brands. Vickers acquired the company in 1980 and sold it to Volkswagen in 1998.  Bentley Motors is the company's direct successor; however, BMW acquired the rights to the Rolls-Royce trademark for use on automobiles and launched a new Rolls-Royce company shortly afterwards.
2024 Busan Open
The 2024 Busan Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hardcourts. It was the 21st edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Busan, South Korea between 8 and 14 April 2024.

Chung Yun-seong
Chung Yun-seong (Korean: 정윤성; born 27 March 1998) is a South Korean tennis player.

Chung has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 233 achieved on 22 July 2019 and a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 129 achieved on 22 May 2023. Chung has won three doubles ATP Challenger titles as well as four ITF singles and five doubles titles.

On the junior tour, Chung had a career-high combined ranking of 3 achieved on 21 March 2016. Chung was a semifinalist at the 2016 Australian Open boys' singles event and the 2015 US Open boys' singles event where he fell to both eventual champions Oliver Anderson and Taylor Fritz, respectively. Chung was also a singles finalist at the Osaka Mayor's Cup in 2014.

He and Orlando Luz lost to Yishai Oliel of Israel and Patrik Rikl of the Czech Republic in the final of the 2016 French Open boys' doubles, 6–3, 6–4.
Nine Puzzles
Nine Puzzles (Korean: 나인 퍼즐) is a South Korean mystery crime thriller television series written by Lee Eun-mi, directed by Yoon Jong-bin and Kim Jung-ho, and starring Kim Da-mi and Son Suk-ku. The series follows a ten-year-old cold case that involves a new string of baffling murders, all related to mysterious puzzles. It was released on Disney+ on May 21, 2025.

Kakao Entertainment
Kakao Entertainment Corp. (Korean: 주식회사 카카오엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean entertainment, mass media, and publishing company founded in 2021. A subsidiary of the Internet company Kakao, it was established subsequent to the merger of the latter's two subsidiaries KakaoPage and Kakao M.
Hrybova
Hrybova (Ukrainian: Грибова) is a village in Ukraine, Ternopil Oblast, Kremenets Raion, Lanivtsi urban hromada. After the abolition of the Lanivtsi Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Kremenets Raion.

Lanivtsi Raion
Lanivtsi Raion (Ukrainian: Лановецький район) was a raion (district) in Ternopil Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was Lanivtsi. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Lanivtsi Raion was merged into Kremenets Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 28,410 (2020 est.).
Rhiwsaeson
Rhiwsaeson is a village and district of the principal town and community of Llantrisant with the County Borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf in South Wales.  It is located on the south easterly outskirts of the town, along the Afon Clun, south of the A473 and near the village of Groes-faen (Pontyclun) and Creigiau within northwest Cardiff.

Creigiau
Creigiau is a dormitory settlement in the north-west of Cardiff, the capital of Wales. The village currently has about 1,500 houses and a population of approximately 5,000 people. Prior to 2022 The Cardiff electoral ward covering the village was Creigiau & St Fagans. Following the recommendations of the Local Democracy and Boundary Commission for Wales the ward was merged with Pentyrch to form the new ward of "Pentyrch and St Fagans" effective from the 2022 Cardiff Council election.
The village has a strong Welsh-speaking community, and along with Pentyrch has one of the largest clusters of Welsh-speakers in Cardiff. 23.4% of the village speaks Welsh.
Arachis glabrata
Arachis glabrata (creeping forage peanut, rhizoma peanut, rhizoma perennial peanut, perennial forage peanut, golden glory, ornamental peanut grass) is a high-quality forage plant native to Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay vegetation. This plant is also used for soil conservation and as an ornamental plant. It is adapted to sandy soils in the Gulf Coast region of the United States.

It is often cultivated together as a following grass species: Axonopus affinis,  Axonopus fissifolius, Brachiaria decumbens, Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria eriantha, Paspalum nicorae, and Paspalum notatum. These legume species are also cited as a companion species: Aeschynomene villosa, Medicago sativa, and Trifolium repens.

It is a warm-season, perennial legume.

Digitaria eriantha
Digitaria eriantha, commonly known as digitgrass or Pangola-grass, is a grass grown in tropical and subtropical climates. It grows relatively well in various soils, but grows especially well in moist soils. It is tolerant to droughts, water lodging, suppresses weeds and grows relatively quickly after grazing. This grass demonstrates great potential for farmers in Africa in subtropical and tropical climates, mostly for livestock feed.