hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Timeline of geopolitical changes (2000–present)
This is a timeline of geopolitical changes around the world since 2000. It includes dates of declarations of independence, changes in country name, changes of capital city or name, and changes in territory such as the annexation, cession, concession, occupation, or secession of land. Territorial conquests as a result of war are included on the timeline at the conclusion of military campaigns. However, those changes in the course of specific battles and day-to-day operations are generally not included in this list. Changes in airspace and maritime territory are included only when they are subject to a dispute.

Secession
Secession (from Latin: sēcessiō, lit. 'a withdrawing') is a term and a concept which is used in reference to the formal withdrawal of a group from a political entity.

In international law, secession is understood as a process in which an integral part of a state's territory unilaterally withdraws without the consent of the original state.

The process begins once a group proclaims an act of secession (such as a declaration of independence). A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal is the creation of a new state or entity independent of the group or territory from which it seceded. Threats of secession can be a strategy for achieving more limited goals. There is some academic debate about this definition, and in particular how it relates to separatism.
Ordsall, Greater Manchester
Ordsall is an inner city suburb of Salford, Greater Manchester, England. The population at the 2011 census was 14,194. It lies chiefly to the south of the A57 road, close to the River Irwell, the main boundary with the city of Manchester, Salford Quays and Manchester Ship Canal, which divides it from Stretford.

Historically part of Lancashire, Ordsall was the birthplace of the bush roller chain and is home to Ordsall Hall.

Roller chain
Roller chain  or bush roller chain is the type of chain drive most commonly used for transmission of mechanical power on many kinds of domestic, industrial and agricultural machinery, including conveyors, wire- and tube-drawing machines, printing presses, cars, motorcycles, and bicycles. It consists of a series of short cylindrical rollers held together by side links. It is driven by a toothed wheel called a sprocket.   It is a simple, reliable, and efficient means of power transmission.

Sketches by Leonardo da Vinci in the 16th century show a chain with a roller bearing. In 1800, James Fussell patented a roller chain on development of his balance lock and in 1880 Hans Renold patented a bush roller chain.
2003 Abierto Mexicano Telefonica Movistar – Women's doubles
Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez were the defending champions, but did not compete this year.

Émilie Loit and Åsa Svensson won the title by defeating Petra Mandula and Patricia Wartusch 6–3, 6–1 in the final. It was the 6th title for Loit and the 15th title for Svensson in their respective doubles careers.

Petra Mandula
Petra Mandula (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈpɛtrɒ ˈmɒndulɒ]; born 17 January 1978) is a Hungarian former professional tennis player, who represented her native country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney; in singles, she was eliminated in the first round by fourth seed Conchita Martínez of Spain, in doubles, she reached the quarterfinals, partnering Katalin Marosi. Four years later, when Athens hosted the Games, she once again was defeated in the first round, this time by Patty Schnyder of Switzerland.

She reached the quarterfinals at the 2001 French Open as a qualifier, winning seven straight matches and losing to eventual runner-up, Kim Clijsters. Two years later, at the 2003 French Open, she almost repeated the feat, losing in the fourth round 5–7 in the third set to Chanda Rubin. Also in 2003, Mandula reached the semifinals of the Australian Open with Emmanuelle Gagliardi, losing to Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez.
So Much Love (The Rocket Summer song)
"So Much Love" is a song by rock artist The Rocket Summer.  It was the lead single off his third studio album Do You Feel, released in 2007.  The song charted in the Top 13 on R&R magazine's Christian Hit Radio chart as of December 15, 2007.

Do You Feel
Do You Feel is the Rocket Summer's third full-length album, released on July 17, 2007, through Island Records. On this album, Bryce Avary incorporates more diverse instrumentation, including saxophone.

Initially available on MySpace on July 10, the entire album was leaked onto the Internet on July 13. Following its release, the album debuted at number 44 on the U.S. Billboard 200, selling about 15,000 copies in its first week.

The music video for "Do You Feel" featured the band performing as a quartet, and also features Josh Farro of Novel American and formerly of Paramore and Jeremy Davis of Paramore, Andrew McMahon of Jack's Mannequin, Matt Thiessen of Relient K, Ian Crawford and Cash Colligan formerly of the Cab, Forrest Kline of Hellogoodbye, Mike Herrera of MxPx, Alex Gaskarth of All Time Low, and Jonathan Cook of Forever the Sickest Kids.
Nuriva, West Virginia
Nuriva is an unincorporated community in Wyoming County, West Virginia, United States. It was also known as Trace Fork and Tracoal. Its post office  is closed.

The community's name is said to be derived from an unidentified Native American language.

Wyoming County, West Virginia
Wyoming County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,382. Its county seat is Pineville. The county was created in 1850 from Logan County and named for the Lenape word meaning "large plains".
The Executioner (1970 film)
The Executioner is a 1970 British Cold War neo noir spy thriller film directed by Sam Wanamaker in Panavision and starring George Peppard as secret agent John Shay who suspects his colleague Adam Booth, played by Keith Michell, is a double agent. It was produced by Charles H. Schneer for Columbia Pictures and filmed in Panavision and Eastmancolor.

Eastmancolor
Eastmancolor is a trade name used by Eastman Kodak for a number of related film and processing technologies associated with color motion picture production and referring to George Eastman, founder of Kodak.

Eastmancolor, introduced in 1950, was one of the first widely successful "single-strip colour" processes, and eventually displaced the more cumbersome Technicolor. Eastmancolor was known by a variety of names, such as DeLuxe Color, Warnercolor, Metrocolor, Pathécolor, Columbiacolor, and others.

For more information on Eastmancolor, see

Color motion picture film, for background on Eastmancolor and other motion picture processes in general

Eastman Kodak Fine Grain color negative films (1950 onwards), within the "List of motion picture film stocks" article
Javier Remírez
Javier Remírez Apesteguía (born 5 April 1975) is a Navarrese politician, who served as First Vice President of Navarre and Minister of the Presidency, Equality, Civil Service and Interior from 2019 to 2023, and again since 2026.

Government of Navarre
The Government of Navarre (Basque: Nafarroako Gobernua; Spanish: Gobierno de Navarra) is the regional institution that exercises the executive power of the Chartered Community of Navarre (Spain). It is led by the president of the Government of Navarre, and its powers are regulated in the Regional Statute (Amejoramiento) of 1982 in Chapter III Articles 23 to 28.
Changlingpi station
Changlingpi station (Chinese: 长岭陂站; pinyin: Chánglǐngpí Zhàn; Jyutping: coeng4 ling5 bei1 zaam6) is a metro station of Shenzhen Metro Line 5. It opened on 22 June 2011. This station is an elevated station.

Shenzhen Metro
The Shenzhen Metro (深圳地铁) is the rapid transit system of the city of Shenzhen in Guangdong Province, China. The newest lines and extensions which opened on December 27, 2024 put the network at 609.5 kilometres (378.7 miles) of trackage. It currently operates on 17 lines with 421 stations. Despite having only opened on December 28, 2004, the Shenzhen Metro is the 5th longest metro system in the world. By 2035, the network is planned to comprise 8 express and 24 non-express lines totaling 1,142 kilometres (710 miles) of trackage.
Veettukku Veedu Vasappadi
Veettukku Veedu Vasappadi (transl. Every house has a doorstep) is a 1979 Indian Tamil-language drama film directed by P. Madhavan. The film stars Vijayakumar, Suman, Shoba and Rati Agnihotri in lead roles. The soundtrack was composed by Rajan–Nagendra. The film was released on 16 November 1979. It is a remake of the 1979 Telugu film Intinti Ramayanam.

Vijayakumar (Tamil actor)
Panchaksharam Rangasamy Pillai (born 29 August 1943), known professionally as Vijayakumar, is an Indian actor who works in Tamil cinema. He started his film career in the Tamil film Sri Valli (1961) as a child actor and started playing a lead role from the movie Aval Oru Thodar Kathai (1974) then he worked in Madhura Geetham (1977) and Azhage Unnai Aarathikkiren (1979). He has also acted in Telugu and Malayalam movies. He also worked in television serials like Thangam, Vamsam,  Talambralu, Nandini and Rasaathi. His son is actor Arun Vijay.
Arivu
Arivarasu Kalainesan, more commonly known as Arivu, is an Indian rapper, singer, songwriter and composer. He is best known for his Tamil independent singles, including "Enjoy Enjaami",  and for his work on film numbers like "Vaathi Raid" from Master (2021), "Single Pasanga" from Natpe Thunai (2019), "Neeye Oli" from Sarpatta Parambarai (2021), "Golden Sparrow" from Nilavuku En Mel Ennadi Kobam and "Thalapathy Kacheri" from Jana Nayagan (2026).

Natpe Thunai
Natpe Thunai (transl. Friendship is Guidance) is a 2019 Indian Tamil-language sports drama film directed by D. Parthiban Desingu in his directorial debut, while Sreekanth Vasrp and Devesh Jeyachandran wrote the story, screenplay and dialogues. Produced by Sundar C and Khushbu under the banner Avni Movies, the film stars Adhi of Hiphop Tamizha,newcomer Anagha, Karu Pazhaniappan and Harish Uthaman,  alongside actors Shah Ra, Pandiarajan and Kausalya. It is based on the sport of field hockey.

This is the second film of Adhi as a lead male actor, after Meesaya Murukku (2017). Apart from acting he also scored the music, while Aravinnd Singh and Fenny Oliver handled the cinematography and editing respectively. The film released on 4 April 2019. In 2021, it was remade in Telugu as A1 Express.
Arancha González Laya
María Aránzazu "Arancha" González Laya (born 22 May 1969) is a Spanish lawyer who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation in the Spanish government of Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez from 2020 to 2021. Currently, González is the dean of the Paris School of International Affairs at the elite French university Sciences Po.

Earlier in her career, González served as assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations and the executive director of the International Trade Centre, a joint agency of the United Nations and the World Trade Organization from August 2013 until January 2020.

Executive director
Executive director is commonly the title of the chief executive officer (CEO) of a company, a non-profit organization, government agency or international organization.

It generally has the same meaning as CEO or managing director.

The title may also be used by a member of a board of directors for a corporation, such as a company, cooperative or nongovernmental organization, who usually holds a specific managerial position with the corporation. In this context the role is usually contrasted with a non-executive director who usually holds no executive, managerial role with the corporation, but purely an advisory role.

There is much national and cultural variation in the exact definition of an executive director.
Heavenly Bodies (film)
Heavenly Bodies is a 1984 Canadian drama film directed by Lawrence Dane, written by Dane and Ron Base, and starring Cynthia Dale, Richard Rebiere, Walter George Alton, Laura Henry, Stuart Stone and Patricia Idlette. It focuses on a single mother who quits her job and pursues her dream to open an aerobics studio, eventually competing with a fitness tycoon for a television aerobics instructor's grueling dance marathon.

The film premiered in Japan in December 1984 before being released in the United States and Canada on February 1, 1985, by MGM/UA Entertainment. Though a box-office disappointment, the film was particularly popular in Japan.

Patricia Idlette
Patricia Ann Idlette (born 1950 or 1951) is an American actress known for her role as Kiffany in Showtime's Dead Like Me.  She also appeared in four episodes of Battlestar Galactica as politician Sarah Porter, and as Melanie Blackstone in the miniseries Amerika. Idlette portrayed Katherine Jackson, mother of Michael Jackson, in the 2004 biopic Man in the Mirror: The Michael Jackson Story. She appeared as Brenda's mother in Scary Movie 3 in 2003.
Global City Innovative College
Global City Innovative College is a private college in Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines. It began in 2002 when a group of entrepreneurs joined to establish the first collegiate education center in what was then the Fort Bonifacio Special Economic Zone. It is non-denominational, co-educational, and primarily serves the students in its area. Known as "the Yellow Building," the school was located along 31st Street at the corner of 2nd Avenue near Metro Manila's main thoroughfare, EDSA.

Course offerings include BS Business Administration, BS Hospitality Management, BS Accountancy, BS Tourism, BS Information Technology, BS Medical Technology and other Technical/ Vocational short courses. It is accredited by the Commission on Higher Education and the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority. GCIC now offers the Senior High School (SHS) program as approved by  the Department of Education (DepEd).

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA [ˈtɛsda]; Filipino: Pangasiwaan sa Edukasyong Teknikal at Pagpapaunlad ng Kasanayan) serves as the technical vocational education and training (TVET) authority of the Philippines. As a government agency, TESDA's goals are to develop the Filipino workforce with "world-class competence and positive work values" and to manage, supervise, and provide quality technical-educational and skills development through its direction, policies, and programs.
Józef Wereszczyński
Józef Wereszczyński (born 1530 in Zbaraż, died 1598) was a Polish political writer, polemicist, moralist, preacher, and bishop of Kiev.

He was probably born in Zbaraż, in 1530, as the son of Andrzej of Ruthenian origin, and Anna née Jaroski (Jaroski or Jarocki). He grew up and was educated in Krasnystaw. It is not known where he obtained his doctorate in theology. Before 1577 he became a canon of Chełmno. In 1581 he became an abbot of the Benedictine monastery in Sieciechów. In 1587 he supported the candidacy of Sigismund III Vasa. In 1592 he became the bishop of Kiev.

Zbarazh
Zbarazh (Ukrainian: Збараж, IPA: [ˈzbɑrɐʒ] ⓘ; Polish: Zbaraż; Yiddish: זבאריזש, romanized: Zbarizh) is a small city in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. It is located in the historic region of Galicia. Zbarazh hosts the administration of Zbarazh urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 13,346 (2022 estimate).

Zbarazh is one of the settings of Henryk Sienkiewicz's novel With Fire and Sword (1884) in which he gives a detailed description of the famous Siege of Zbarazh. Notable Jewish residents included Rabbi Zev Wolf of Zbaraz, the singer Velvel Zbarjer and the author Ida Fink.
Shadowrun: Dragonfall
Shadowrun: Dragonfall is a tactical role-playing game developed by Harebrained Schemes set in the Shadowrun universe. It was originally released as downloadable content for Shadowrun Returns in February 2014. An expanded version was later released as a standalone game in September 2014, under the title Shadowrun: Dragonfall – Director's Cut. A remastered compilation game titled Shadowrun Trilogy that includes Shadowrun Returns, Shadowrun Dragonfall: Director's Cut, and Shadowrun: Hong Kong, launched on Windows, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X/S on June 21, 2022.

Remaster
A remaster is a change in the sound or image quality of previously created forms of media, whether audiophonic, cinematic, or videographic. The resulting product is said to be remastered. The terms digital remastering and digitally remastered are also used.

In a wider sense, remastering a product may involve other, typically smaller inclusions or changes to the content itself. They tend to be distinguished from remakes, based on the original.
Quantum cognition
Quantum cognition uses the mathematical formalism of quantum probability theory to model psychology phenomena when classical probability theory fails. The field focuses on modeling phenomena in cognitive science that have resisted traditional techniques or where traditional models seem to have reached a barrier (e.g., human memory), and modeling preferences in decision theory that seem paradoxical from a traditional rational point of view (e.g., preference reversals). Since the use of a quantum-theoretic framework is for modeling purposes, the identification of quantum structures in cognitive phenomena does not presuppose the existence of microscopic quantum processes in the human brain.

Quantum cognition can be applied to model cognitive phenomena such as information processing by the human brain, language, decision making, human memory, concepts and conceptual reasoning, human judgment, and perception.

Decision-making
In psychology, decision-making (also spelled decision making and decisionmaking) is regarded as the cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a course of action among several possible alternative options. It could be either rational or irrational. The decision-making process is a reasoning process based on assumptions of values, preferences and beliefs of the decision-maker. Every decision-making process produces a final choice, which may or may not prompt action.

Research about decision-making is also published under the label problem solving, particularly in European psychological research.
Freezer (computer cooling)
The Freezer is the name of the CPU coolers from Arctic GmbH, which has been the company's staple product for many years. To most enthusiasts, Arctic is best known for their Freezer line of CPU coolers as well as their thermal compound called MX-2 and MX-4. The Freezer line of coolers is available in different fan speed, cooling capacity and motherboard compatibility to cater the needs of different type of users from HTPC users to enthusiasts and overclockers.
The Freezer series CPU coolers are designed to lower the temperature inside your computer to enhance the stability and lifespan of the processor.

Motherboard
A motherboard, also known as a mainboard, system board, logic board, and informally mobo (see "Nomenclature" section), is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems. It holds and allows communication between many of the crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals.

Unlike a backplane, a motherboard usually contains significant sub-systems, such as the CPU, the chipset's input/output and memory controllers, interface connectors, and other components integrated for general use.: 48
Pabrico, Union City, California
37°34′58″N 122°00′23″W﻿ / ﻿37.58278°N 122.00639°W﻿ / 37.58278; -122.00639
Pabrico (formerly, Pabrico Siding) is a neighborhood of Union City, Alameda County, California. It lies at an elevation of 52 feet (16 m). Formerly an unincorporated community. Pabrico is named after Oakland Paving Brick Co. operated here from 1901 to 1912.

Union City, California
Union City is a city in Alameda County, California, United States in the San Francisco Bay Area. The population in the 2020 census was 70,143, up from 69,628 in the 2010 census.

It is located approximately 19 miles (31 km) south of Oakland, 30 miles (48 km) from San Francisco, and 20 miles (32 km) north of San Jose.

It was incorporated in 1959, combining the communities of Alvarado and Decoto. Alvarado is a California Historical Landmark (#503). The city celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2009.
2012 Africa Cup of Nations Group A
Group A of the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations ran from 21 January until 29 January. It consisted of Equatorial Guinea, Libya, Senegal and Zambia. The matches were held at Equatorial Guinea. Zambia and Equatorial Guinea progressed to the quarterfinals.

Football Federation of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania
The Football Federation of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (Arabic: اتحادية الجمهورية الإسلامية الموريتانية لكرة القدم; French: Fédération de football de la République islamique de Mauritanie, FFRIM) is the governing body of football in Mauritania. It was founded in 1961, affiliated to FIFA in 1970 and to CAF in 1976 and to UNAF in 2025. It organizes the national football league and the national team.

On December 2025, the FFIRM left the West African Football Union to join the UNAF.
Yang Zhengwu
Yang Zhengwu (Chinese: 杨正午; born January 1941) is an ethnic Tujia Chinese politician. He was born in Longshan County, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan. He was Chinese Communist Party committee secretary of his home county (1978–1981), his home prefecture (1983–1990) and his home province (1998–2005). He was governor (1995–1998) and People's Congress Chairman (1999–2006) of his home province.

Longshan County
Longshan County (simplified Chinese: 龙山县; traditional Chinese: 龍山縣; pinyin: Lóngshān Xiàn; lit. 'dragon mountain') is a county of Hunan Province, China. It is under the administration of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture.

Located in northwestern Xiangxi, it is immediately adjacent to the borders of Chongqing Municipality and Hubei Province. The county is bordered to the northeast by Sangzhi County, to the east by Yongshun County, to the southeast and the south by Baojing County, and to the west by Youyang County of Chongqing, Laifeng County and Xuan'en County of Hubei. Longshan County covers an area of 3,131 km2 (1,209 sq mi), and as of 2015, it had a registered population of 601,000 and a resident population of 492,800. The county has 12 towns, 5 townships and 4 subdistricts  under its jurisdiction, and the county seat is Min'an Subdistrict (民安街道).
Eicher Motors
Eicher Motors Limited is an Indian multinational automotive company that manufactures motorcycles and commercial vehicles, headquartered in New Delhi. Eicher is the parent company of Royal Enfield, a manufacturer of middleweight motorcycles. It also manufactures Eicher branded trucks and buses, under a joint venture with Volvo Group.

Massey Ferguson
Massey Ferguson is an agricultural machinery manufacturer, established in 1953 through the merger of farm equipment makers Massey-Harris of Canada and the Ferguson Company of Ireland. It was based in Coventry then moved to Beauvais in 2003 when the Coventry factory was shut down.
Marta Bobo
Marta Bobo Arce (born 18 March 1966 in Orense) is a retired Spanish rhythmic gymnast.

She competed for Spain in the rhythmic gymnastics all-around competition at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. She was eighth in the qualification and advanced to the final, placing ninth overall.

Gymnastics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Women's rhythmic individual all-around
These are the results of the rhythmic individual all-around competition in the 1984 Summer Olympics.

Women’s rhythmic individual all-around (and rhythmic gymnastics in general) was contested for the first time at these Games.