hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Punishment of the Grave
Punishment of the Grave (Arabic: عذاب القبر, romanized: ʿadhāb al-qabr, also translated Torment of the Grave) is a Judeo-Islamic concept about the time between death and resurrection on the Day of Judgement. According to some hadiths, the souls of the unrighteous are punished by two angels in the grave, while the righteous find the grave "peaceful and blessed".

The punishment of the grave is not explicitly mentioned in the Quran, although it is mentioned in the hadiths such as those compiled by Ibn Hanbal and appears as early as the 9th century, still present among the majority of Sunnis and Shias.

A similar concept can be found in the Jewish narrative in which the wicked are punished by angels of destruction in an intermediary state between the resurrection of the dead and the individual death.

Grave
A grave is a location where a dead body (typically that of a human, although sometimes that of an animal) is buried or interred after a funeral. Graves are usually located in special areas set aside for the purpose of burial, such as graveyards or cemeteries.

In some religions, it is believed that the body must be burned or cremated for the soul to survive; in others, the complete decomposition of the body is considered to be important for the rest of the soul (see bereavement).
Beatmania IIDX 6th Style
Beatmania IIDX 6th Style is the sixth game in the beatmania IIDX series of music video games released in arcades by Konami in 2001 and features 40 new songs. 6th Style introduced new features such as letter grades (ranging from F to AAA) and the new hard mode (which removes the usual 80% lifebar requirement but makes the lifebar itself stricter).

The interface used by 6th Style is more modern looking than previous styles. The arcade version also switched the background movies to use a DVD instead of a VCD. 6th Style also introduced the current font design for the judgement labels.

Video CD
Video CD (abbreviated as VCD, also known as Compact Disc Digital Video, abbreviated as CDDV) is a home video format and the first format for distributing films on standard 120 mm (4.7 in) optical discs.  The format was widely adopted in nearly all of Asia (except for Japan and South Korea), superseding the VHS and Betamax systems in those regions until DVD-Video became more affordable in the 2000s.

The format is a standard digital data format for storing video on a compact disc. VCD discs/disc images are playable in dedicated VCD players and widely playable in most DVD players, personal computers and some video game consoles with an optical disc drive that is programmed to understand VCD discs.

The Video CD standard was created in 1993
by Sony, Philips, Matsushita and JVC; it is referred to as the White Book standard. The MPEG-1 format was also released that same year.
Diving at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's 3 metre springboard
The men's 3 metre springboard, also reported as springboard diving, was one of four diving events on the diving at the 1948 Summer Olympics programme.

The competition, held on Friday 30 July and on Tuesday 3 August, was split into two sets of dives:

Compulsory dives
Divers performed five pre-chosen dives (one from each category) – a running straight header forward, backward header with pike, running straight isander-half gainer reverse dive, backward spring and forward dive with pike, and running straight forward twist.

Facultative dives
Divers performed five dives of their choice (one from each category and different from the compulsory).

Twenty-seven divers from 16 nations competed. Eddie Heron of Ireland competed in the preliminary round but withdrew along with the rest of the Irish Amateur Swimming Association squad in protest at FINA's refusal to allow swimmers from Northern Ireland to compete for the team.

Ireland at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Ireland competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, England. It was the first time that the country had competed in the Summer Olympics since 1932. A dispute between rival Irish Athletics governing bodies saw many Irish athletes barred from taking part in the Athletics competitions. 72 competitors, 68 men and 4 women, took part in 32 events in 9 sports.
Robert B. Charles
Robert Bruce Charles (born 23 August 1960) is an American lawyer and Republican political figure. He was assistant secretary of state at the U.S. State Department's Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs for eighteen months from October 2003 to March 2005. He is a candidate for governor of Maine in the 2026 election.

Governor of Maine
The governor of Maine is the head of government of the U.S. state of Maine. Before Maine was admitted to the Union in 1820, Maine was part of Massachusetts and the governor of Massachusetts was chief executive.

The current governor of Maine is Janet Mills, a Democrat, who took office January 2, 2019.

The governor of Maine receives a salary of $70,000, which is the lowest salary out of all 50 state governors, as of 2022. This will be raised to $125,000 upon a new governor taking office in 2026, per a bill passed in 2025, as the Maine Constitution prohibits changing the salary of the sitting governor.
Talarozole
Talarozole (formerly R115866, planned trade name Rambazole) was an investigational drug for the treatment of acne, psoriasis and other keratinization disorders. Development for that purpose has been discontinued. However, its effect in increasing retinoic acid is now being investigated in hand and knee osteoarthritis.

Talarozole inhibits the metabolism of retinoic acid by blocking cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP26 isoenzymes (CYP26A1 and possibly also CYP26B1), retinoic acid hydroxylases. Because of this mechanism, it is called a retinoic acid metabolism blocking agent (RAMBA).

It has 750-fold higher potency than the earlier drug liarozole as well as greater selectivity, with more than 300-fold selectivity for inhibition of CYP26A1 over other steroid-metabolizing enzymes like CYP17A1 (17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase) and aromatase (CYP19A1).

Potency (pharmacology)
In pharmacology, potency or biological potency is a measure of a drug's biological activity expressed in terms of the dose required to produce a pharmacological effect of given intensity. A highly potent drug (e.g., fentanyl, clonazepam, risperidone, benperidol, bumetanide) evokes a given response at low concentrations, while a drug of lower potency (e.g. morphine, diazepam, ziprasidone, haloperidol, furosemide) evokes the same response only at higher concentrations. Higher potency does not necessarily mean greater effectiveness nor more side effects nor less side effects.
Peterborough Pets
The Peterborough Pets were a Canadian football franchise in the early 20th century.  They played in the Ontario Rugby Football Union.  Their greatest success came in 1907 when they won the ORFU title and advanced to the Canadian Dominion Final.  They were soundly defeated 75-10 by the Montreal Football Club in the final that year.

Ontario Rugby Football Union
The Ontario Rugby Football Union (ORFU) was an early amateur Canadian football league comprising teams in the Canadian province of Ontario. The ORFU was founded on Saturday, January 6, 1883, and in 1903 it became the first major competition to adopt the Burnside rules, from which the modern Canadian football code would evolve. The ORFU converted from a senior level to an intermediate level league after 1960, and had ceased to exist by 1974. The ORFU operated a league competition for junior teams, from 1890 to 1970.
Jean-Olivier Zirignon
Jean-Olivier Zirignon (born 27 April 1971 in Abidjan) is a Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) sprinter who specialized in the 100 metres. He finished seventh in 4 x 100 metres relay at the 1993 World Championships, together with teammates Ouattara Lagazane, Frank Waota and Ibrahim Meité.

On the individual level, Zirignon won a silver medal at the 1993 African Championships and a gold medal at the 1997 Jeux de la Francophonie, the latter in a personal best time of 10.07 seconds. This is the current national record.

Jeux de la Francophonie
The Jeux de la Francophonie (Canadian English: Francophonie Games; British English: Francophone Games) are a combination of artistic and sporting events for the Francophonie, mostly French-speaking nations and former colonies of France, held every four years since 1989.
1967 Hong Kong municipal election
The 1967 Hong Kong Urban Council election was held on 7 June 1967 for the five of the ten elected seats of the Urban Council of Hong Kong. A record of 38.7 per cent turnout as 10,130 of the 26,202 eligible voters came out and cast their ballots, in the middle of the Leftists' disturbances.

Incumbent Dr. Raymond Harry Shoon Lee, also the Reform Club vice-chairman who had earlier announced his intention retired, left Hong Kong for permanent residence abroad and his vacancy was taken by Woo Po-shing, while prominent activist Elsie Elliott who left the Club earlier and ran as an independent received the highest votes. The other newcomer was independent Dr. Denny Huang who defeated incumbent Cheung Wing-in of the Hong Kong Civic Association.

Reform Club of Hong Kong
The Reform Club of Hong Kong was one of the oldest political organisations in Hong Kong, existing from 1949 until the mid-1990s. Established by expatriates who were concerned about the Young Plan proposed by Governor Mark Aitchison Young in 1949, the Reform Club was the first semi-political party to contest in the Urban Council elections, with its longtime chairman Brook Bernacchi serving on the Council for about forty years.

It demanded expansion of the power of the Urban Council and elected representatives in the Legislative Council for years. Together with the Hong Kong Civic Association, they were the closest to opposition parties in Hong Kong active in the municipal electoral politics during the post-war colonial period. With the expansion of the franchise in the 1980s, the Reform Club gradually declined and was replaced by the more energetic political groups. The Club ceased to function after its chairman Bernacchi retired from the Urban Council in 1995.
Tsutomu Ōyokota
Tsutomu Ōyokota (大横田 勉, Ōyokota Tsutomu; April 20, 1913 – 1970) was a Japanese freestyle swimmer. While a student at Meiji University, he set national records over 200 m (2:14.6) and 400 m (4:50.4). He was selected for the 1932 Olympics and won a bronze medal in the 400 m event, despite suffering a severe bout of gastroenteritis before the Games.

Meiji University
Meiji University (明治大学, Meiji Daigaku) is a private research university in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. Originally founded as Meiji Law School (明治法律学校, Meiji Hōritsu Gakkō) by three lawyers in 1881, it became a university in April 1920.

As of May 2023, Meiji has 32,261 undergraduate students and 2,635 postgraduate students. The university consists of 10 undergraduate, 12 graduate, and 4 professional graduate schools, and operates on four campuses around the Greater Tokyo Area: Surugadai, Izumi, Ikuta, and Nakano. Meiji University is the country's most applied-to university, with applications to its undergraduate degrees amounting to approximately 100,000 annually. Meiji is a part of the Top Global University Project of Japan's Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. As of 2021, 270 Meiji alumni have competed in the Olympics, garnering 40 medals: 14 gold, 13 silver, and 13 bronze.
Michael Desanto
Michael Desanto (born 1953) from Victoria is an Australian Paralympic athlete.  He competed without winning any medals at the 1984 New York/Stoke Mandeville Paralympics. At the 1988 Seoul Paralympics, he won a silver medal in the Men's 4x100 m Relay 1A–1C event and a  bronze medal in the Men's 4x200 m Relay 1A–1C event.

1988 Summer Paralympics
The 1988 Summer Paralympics (Korean: 1988년 하계 패럴림픽; RR: Cheon gubaek palsip-pal nyeon hagye paereollimpik) were the first Paralympics in 24 years to take place in the same city as the Olympic Games. They took place in Seoul, South Korea. This was the first time the term "Paralympic" was used officially.
Trofeo Tessile & Moda Donne
The Trofeo Tessile & Moda Donne is a one-day road cycling race held in the Province of Biella, Italy. It was first held in 2025 and is classified as a 1.1 race by the Union Cycliste Internationale.

The inaugural edition followed a 95.3 kilometres (59.2 mi) route from Valdengo to the Santuario di Oropa, featuring a decisive final 6.7 kilometres (4.2 mi) climb. Italian Elisa Longo Borghini won solo ahead of Marlen Reusser and Urška Žigart.

Elisa Longo Borghini
Elisa Longo Borghini (born 10 December 1991) is an Italian professional road cyclist, who rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam UAE Team ADQ.

Longo Borghini is a two-time winner of the Giro d'Italia Women (2024 and 2025), as well as two bronze medals in the road race at the Summer Olympic Games, taking third-place finishes in Rio de Janeiro and Tokyo. She has also won two bronze medals in the equivalent event at the UCI Road World Championships, doing so in 2012 and 2020. She has won several races often considered  classics of women's cycling, including: Trofeo Alfredo Binda in 2013 and 2021,   Tour of Flanders in 2015 and 2024, Strade Bianche in 2017, and Paris–Roubaix Femmes in 2022.
Herbert Webbe
Herbert Ross Webbe (18 May 1856 – 9 May 1886) was an English barrister and first-class cricketer active 1875–81 who played for Middlesex, Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and Oxford University. The son of Alexander Allan Webbe (1808-1868), a man of independent means, and Marian Cutler (1825-1914), he was born in Westminster and educated at Winchester College and New College, Oxford, after which he was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn. He died unexpectedly of heart failure in Paddington, after which a boy's club, the Webbe Institute, was founded in his memory at Oxford House, Bethnal Green, in recognition of his work with underprivileged boys in the East End. His brothers George and Alexander Josiah were also well-known first-class cricketers.

Paddington
Paddington is an area in the City of Westminster, in central London, England. A medieval parish then a metropolitan borough of the County of London, it was integrated with Westminster and Greater London in 1965. Paddington station, designed by the engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel opened in 1847. It is also the site of St Mary's Hospital and the former Paddington Green Police Station.

Paddington Waterside aims to regenerate former railway and canal land.  Districts within Paddington are Maida Vale, Westbourne and Bayswater including Lancaster Gate.
Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Blue Island, Illinois)
Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Eisenhower, EHS, or Ike) is a public four-year high school located in Blue Island, Illinois, a southern suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is part of Community High School District 218 along with sister schools Alan B. Shepard High School and Harold L. Richards High School.

Eisenhower is a diverse school with a balanced student body of Caucasian, Hispanic and African American students.  Eisenhower serves students from the communities of Blue Island, Calumet Park, Robbins, Alsip, Merrionette Park, Posen, Deer Pointe & Garden Homes. The current enrollment is over 1,800 students.

Robbins, Illinois
Robbins is a village and southwest suburb of Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 4,629 at the 2020 census. It is the second oldest African American incorporated town in the north following Brooklyn, Illinois, and was home to the country's first black-owned airport, Robbins Airport.
William P. Lord High School
William P. Lord High School is a public high school in Woodburn, Oregon, United States. It is named after William Paine Lord, the Governor of Oregon from 1895 to 1899. It is located at the MacLaren Youth Correctional Facility, and operates a vocational tech program.

Governor of Oregon
The governor of Oregon is the head of government of Oregon and serves as the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The title of governor was also applied to the office of Oregon's chief executive during the provisional and U.S. territorial governments.

The current governor of Oregon is Tina Kotek, who took office on January 9, 2023. The governor's salary as of 2018 is $98,600.
Lord High Constable of Ireland
The office of Lord High Constable of Ireland was used during coronations of the monarch of the United Kingdom after the Acts of Union 1800. The office was abolished after the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922.

Acts of Union 1800
The Acts of Union 1800 (Irish: Achtanna an Aontais 1800) were parallel acts of the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of Ireland which united the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland (previously in personal union) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The acts came into force between 31 December 1800 and 1 January 1801, and the merged Parliament of the United Kingdom had its first meeting on 22 January 1801.

Provisions of the acts remain in force, with amendments and some Articles repealed, in the United Kingdom, but they have been repealed in their entirety in the Republic of Ireland.
St. Anthony High School, Lahore
St. Anthony's High School is a Catholic school system for boys and girls located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. In spite of its name as a high school, the school delivers a pre-school, primary, high school and college education across three campuses in Lahore. Established in 1892 by the Capuchin Friars from Belgium, the school is part of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lahore. The school's main campus is situated at Lahore's historical road, The Mall, adjacent to the Sacred Heart Cathedral.

When Lt. Col (ret) L. C. Rath was the principal in 1992, nearly 2,000 pupils were enrolled at the school with a staff of 100. As of now, the school had more than 100 qualified teachers.

The school's motto is Scientia cum Virtute translated from Latinas "Knowledge with Virtue".

Minister of Finance (Pakistan)
The Minister of Finance of Pakistan (Urdu: 'Wazīr-ē-Khazana') is a leading cabinet member who heads the Ministry of Finance in the Government of Pakistan. The Minister is responsible each year for presenting the federal government's budget to the Parliament of Pakistan. Muhammad Aurangzeb is currently serving as the Finance Minister since March 11, 2024.
GOES 7
GOES-7, known as GOES-H before becoming operational, is an American satellite. It was originally built as a weather satellite, and formed part of the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite system. Originally built as a ground spare, GOES-H was launched in 1987 due to delays with the next series of satellites. It was operated by NOAA until 1999, before being leased to Peacesat, who use it as a communications satellite. As of 2009, it was operational over the Pacific Ocean, providing communications for the Pacific Islands. On April 12, 2012, the spacecraft was finally decommissioned and moved to a graveyard orbit.

Graveyard orbit
A graveyard orbit, also called a junk orbit or disposal orbit, is an orbit that lies away from common operational orbits. One significant graveyard orbit is a supersynchronous orbit well beyond geosynchronous orbit. Some satellites are moved into such orbits at the end of their operational life to reduce the probability of colliding with operational spacecraft and generating space debris.
Gloria Douglas
Gloria Edna Douglas (born May 4, 1992) is a footballer who plays as a midfielder or striker for Segunda Federación club Pradejón. Born in the mainland United States, she is a Puerto Rico international.

Segunda Federación (women)
The Segunda Federación is the third tier of the Spanish women's football league system, beginning with the 2022–23 season.

With a format of two regionalised groups, it is the female equivalent of the men's Primera Federación and is run by the Royal Spanish Football Federation.
Macrium Reflect
Macrium Reflect is a disk imaging and backup utility for Microsoft Windows developed by Paramount Software UK Ltd in 2006. It is designed for home and enterprise users, offering disk imaging, cloning, and backup.

It creates disk images and file backup archives using Windows' Volume Shadow Copy Service to ensure 'point in time' data accuracy. Macrium Reflect can back up whole partitions or individual files and folders into a single compressed, mountable archive file, which can be used to restore exact images of the partitions on the same hard disk for disaster recovery, or a new hard disk for data migration.

Macrium Reflect is known for its ease of use, speed, and robust feature set, making it a popular choice among IT professionals and home users. It has received numerous reviews, and is often recommended for cloning and backup tutorials.

Shadow Copy
Shadow Copy (also known as Volume Snapshot Service, Volume Shadow Copy Service or VSS) is a technology included in Microsoft Windows that can create backup copies or snapshots of computer files or volumes, even when they are in use. It is implemented as a Windows service called the Volume Shadow Copy service. A software VSS provider service is also included as part of Windows to be used by Windows applications. Shadow Copy technology requires either the Windows NTFS or ReFS filesystems in order to create and store shadow copies. Shadow Copies can be created on local and external (removable or network) volumes by any Windows component that uses this technology, such as when creating a scheduled Windows Backup or automatic System Restore point.
Tinashe Manzungu
Tinashe Manzungu (born 27 October 1985) is a Zimbabwean businessman. He is a former president of the Zimbabwe National Chamber of Commerce, co-founder and CEO of Zimbuild Property Investments, and chairman of TM Group. Manzungu is also the Africa Business Council board director.

African Achievers Awards
The African Achievers Awards is an annual awards event.  Awards are given in the categories of community development, leadership, arts & culture, business & entrepreneurship, agriculture, community service, rural development and education.
Nienberge
Nienberge is a German community. It was independent until 1975 and has been part of Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, since, located in the north-west of the town. It houses around 7,000 people. The independent community became part of Münster on 1 January 1975.

Annette von Droste-Hülshoff
Baroness Anna Elisabeth Franziska Adolphine Wilhelmine Louise Maria von Droste zu Hülshoff, known as Annette von Droste-Hülshoff (German: [aˈnɛtə fɔn ˈdʁɔstəˈhʏlshɔf] ⓘ; 10 January 1797 – 24 May 1848), was a 19th-century German Biedermeier poet, novelist, and composer of classical music. Her most famous work is the novella Die Judenbuche.

In an article for the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia, Francis Joste wrote, "The fame of the poetess rests chiefly on her lyric poems, her pastorales, and her ballads. In the poetic representation of nature, few can equal her. The poetical works of Annette von Droste-Hülshoff are imperishable. What makes them so is their originality, the proof that they are the works of a genius. It is this too that gained for their author the well-earned title of 'Germany's greatest poetess.'"
Groman
Groman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Groman (1936–2020), American football player

Herman Groman (1882–1954), American athlete

Vladimir Groman (1874–1940), Russian economist

Herman Groman
Herman Charles Groman (August 18, 1882 – July 23, 1954) was an American athlete who competed mainly in the 400 metres for Yale University and the Chicago Athletic Club. He won a bronze medal in the 400 meters in the 1904 Olympics. He was a graduate of Yale University and Rush Medical College and later lived in Hammond, Indiana.