hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fractal flame
Fractal flames are a member of the iterated function system class of fractals created by Scott Draves in 1992. Draves' open-source code was later ported into Adobe After Effects graphics software and translated into the Apophysis fractal flame editor.

Fractal flames differ from ordinary iterated function systems in three ways:

Nonlinear functions are iterated in addition to affine transforms.

Log-density display instead of linear or binary (a form of tone mapping)

Color by structure (i.e. by the recursive path taken) instead of monochrome or by density.

The tone mapping and coloring are designed to display as much of the detail of the fractal as possible, which generally results in a more aesthetically pleasing image.

Tone mapping
Tone mapping is a technique used in image processing and computer graphics to map one set of colors to another to approximate the appearance of high-dynamic-range (HDR) images in a medium that has a more limited dynamic range. Print-outs, CRT or LCD monitors, and projectors all have a limited dynamic range that is inadequate to reproduce the full range of light intensities present in natural scenes. Tone mapping addresses the problem of strong contrast reduction from the scene radiance to the displayable range while preserving the image details and color appearance important to appreciate the original scene content.

Inverse tone mapping is the inverse technique that allows to expand the luminance range, mapping a low dynamic range image into a higher dynamic range image. It is notably used to upscale SDR videos to HDR videos.
Máirtín Ó Murchú
Máirtín Ó Murchú was an Irish professor of Celtic studies and emeritus professor of the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. He previously also was Director of the School of Celtic at DIAS and a Professor of Irish at Trinity College Dublin.

He published widely on Irish and Scottish Gaelic linguistics and the Irish language in general, such as the handbook on the state of the Irish language (co-authored with Helen Ó Murchú) for the European Bureau for Lesser-Used Languages or the section on Irish in Blackwell's Encyclopedia of the Languages of Europe

He was also fundamental in the development of a standard pronunciation for Irish, the Lárchanúint, in particular his 1969 article Common Core and Underlying Forms which has been described as ground-breaking.

Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. It was formed by the merger of John Wiley & Sons Global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing in 2007.

Wiley-Blackwell is now an imprint that publishes a diverse range of academic and professional fields, including biology, medicine, physical sciences, technology, social science, and the humanities.
Clusiaceae
The Clusiaceae or Guttiferae Juss. (1789) (nom. alt. et cons. = alternative and valid name) are a family of plants including 13 genera and ca 750 species. Several former members of Clusiaceae are now placed in Calophyllaceae and Hypericaceae. They are mostly trees and shrubs, with milky sap and fruits or capsules for seeds. The family is primarily tropical. More so than many plant families, it shows large variation in plant morphology (for example, three to 10 petals, which may be fused or unfused, and many other variable traits). According to the APG III, this family belongs to the order Malpighiales.

One feature sometimes found in this family, and rarely in others (e.g., Malpighiaceae), is providing pollinators with "pollination rewards" other than pollen or nectar; specifically, some species offer resin, which certain bees use in nest construction (each Clusiaceae species offers only one type of reward).

Plant morphology
Plant morphology or phytomorphology is the study of the physical form and external structure of plants. This is usually considered distinct from plant anatomy, which is the study of the internal structure of plants, especially at the microscopic level. Plant morphology is useful in the visual identification of plants. Recent studies in molecular biology started to investigate the molecular processes involved in determining the conservation and diversification of plant morphologies. In these studies, transcriptome conservation patterns were found to mark crucial ontogenetic transitions during the plant life cycle which may result in evolutionary constraints limiting diversification.
Pål Stenmark
Pål Stenmark (born 14 April 1976) is a Swedish biochemist and structural biologist. He was appointed professor of Structural Biochemistry at Lund University in 2019 and was appointed professor in Neurochemistry at  Stockholm University in 2021.

Stenmark's research focus on two different areas:

The Botulinum and Tetanus Neurotoxins.

Enzymes in nucleotide metabolism and DNA repair.

Stenmark is among other things known for his discovery of several novel neurotoxins, including a neurotoxin that specifically kills Malaria mosquitos.

In 2025 he determined the first structure of the complete botulinum neurotoxin complex.

Stockholm University
Stockholm University (SU) (Swedish: Stockholms universitet) is a public research university in Stockholm, Sweden, founded as a college in 1878, with university status since 1960. With over 33,000 students at four different faculties: law, humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences, it is one of the largest universities in Scandinavia.

Stockholm University was granted university status in 1960, making it the fourth oldest Swedish university. As with other public universities in Sweden, Stockholm University's mission includes teaching and research anchored in society at large.
La Beguda Alta
La Beguda Alta is a village integrated in the municipality of Masquefa in the comarca of the Anoia in Catalonia. It is on the road between Masquefa and Martorell, and is served by a station on the FGC railway line R6 between Barcelona and Igualada. Its population as of 2005 was 171.

41°29′56″N 1°50′17″E﻿ / ﻿41.499°N 1.838°E﻿ / 41.499; 1.838

Anoia
Anoia (Catalan pronunciation: [əˈnɔjə]) is a comarca (county) in central Catalonia, Spain, with its capital at Igualada. It is mainly located in the Penedès region, with its northern section being in Central Catalonia.

The comarca of Anoia is irrigated by the Anoia River; the leading industry is the making of paper.

To the north are Solsonès and Bages, to the west, Baix Llobregat to the south Baix Penedès and Alt Camp, and to the east Conca de Barberà and Segarra.
Go Tell Aunt Rhody
"Go Tell Aunt Rhody" is an English language folk song of nineteenth-century American origin. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 3346. The tune is older, dating to the 18th century. It originated as a gavotte in the 1752 opera Le devin du village (The Village Soothsayer) by Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

The subject of the song is grief associated with loss, in this case from the death of an "old gray goose".

Le devin du village
Le devin du village ("The Village Soothsayer") is a one-act French opera (intermède) by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who also wrote the libretto. It was the first work in the repertory of the Académie Royale de Musique for which the text and music were by the same author.

It was first performed on 18 October 1752 before the royal court at Fontainebleau, and for the public, on 1 March 1753 at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris. King Louis XV loved the piece so much that he offered Rousseau the great honor of a life pension. Rousseau refused the honor. However, the opera became one of the most popular of its day and brought him both wealth and fame. The opera was also performed at the wedding of the future Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.

An English translation by Charles Burney, The Cunning Man, was performed in London in 1762. Rousseau's work was the object of a parody in the Singspiel Bastien und Bastienne by the twelve-year-old Mozart.
Gilbert Gerard (theological writer)
Gilbert Gerard (1760–1815) was a Scottish theological writer. He became the minister of the Scots Church, Amsterdam. He was professor of Greek at King's College, Aberdeen, 1791, and divinity, 1795. In 1803 he was Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland.

Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
The moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the minister or elder chosen to moderate (chair) the annual General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, which is held for a week in Edinburgh every year. After chairing the Assembly, the Moderator then spends the following year representing the Church of Scotland at civic events, and visiting congregations and projects in Scotland and beyond.

As the Church of Scotland is Scotland's national church, and as a presbyterian church has no bishops, the Moderator is – arguably alongside the Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland – the most prominent figure in the life of Church of Scotland adherents.
Desiree Scott
Desiree Rose Marie Scott (born July 31, 1987) is a Canadian former professional soccer player who played for Canada national team. Nicknamed "the destroyer", she won gold at the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo, which was her third Olympic medal following bronze medals in 2012 in London and in 2016 in Rio.

Canada women's national soccer team
The Canada women's national soccer team (French: Équipe du Canada de soccer féminine) represents Canada in international soccer competitions. They are overseen by the Canadian Soccer Association, the governing body for soccer in Canada.

The team reached international prominence at the 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup, losing in the bronze medal match to the United States. Canada qualified for its first Olympic women's soccer tournament in 2008, making it to the quarter-finals. Canada's most significant achievement has been winning the gold medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. The team is also two-time CONCACAF Women's Championship winners, and two-time Olympic bronze medallists.

Canada hosted the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, where they were eliminated in the quarterfinals by England. Canada set a new tournament and team record for attendance in the process, with 1,353,506 and 54,027, respectively.
Ware Cliffs
Ware Cliffs are a set of long cliffs which stretch westwards from the town of Lyme Regis in Dorset to the Ware hamlet in the East Devon district of Devon, England. They are situated near Pinhay Bay and their highest point is the Black Ven, which reaches a height of approximately 137 metres (449 ft).

The exposed rock formation dates to the early Jurassic period around 199-189 million years ago and many fossils have been found along the beaches.

East Devon
50°40′44″N 3°14′20″W﻿ / ﻿50.679°N 3.239°W﻿ / 50.679; -3.239

East Devon is a local government district in Devon, England. Its council is based in the town of Honiton, although Exmouth is the largest town. The district also contains the towns of Axminster, Budleigh Salterton, Cranbrook, Ottery St Mary, Seaton and Sidmouth, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

The district borders Teignbridge and the City of Exeter to the west, Mid Devon to the north, Somerset to the north-east, and Dorset to the east.

Two parts of the district are designated as Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty: the Blackdown Hills in the north of the district and the East Devon AONB along the district's coast and adjoining areas. The East Devon coastline from Exmouth to the border with Dorset is also part of the designated World Heritage Site of the Jurassic Coast; the designated area continues into Dorset as far as the Old Harry Rocks near Swanage.
The Talking Robe
The Talking Robe (Hungarian: A beszélő köntös) is a 1942 Hungarian historical fantasy adventure film directed by Géza von Radványi and starring Pál Jávor, Maria von Tasnady and László Szilassy. It was based on Kálmán Mikszáth's 1889 novel of the same title. It was shot partially in colour at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art directors István Básthy and Sándor Iliszi. It was the first Hungarian film with outdoor scenes utilising Agfacolor colour technology. It was distributed in Italy, Hungary's wartime ally, by Titanus. It was later remade as a 1969 film of the same name.

Kálmán Mikszáth
Kálmán Mikszáth de Kiscsoltó (16 January 1847 – 28 May 1910) was a widely reputed Hungarian novelist, journalist, and politician. His work remains in print in Hungarian and still appears from time to time in other languages.
The Bill Cosby Show
The Bill Cosby Show is an American sitcom television series that aired for two seasons on NBC's Sunday night schedule from 1969 until 1971 under the sponsorship of Procter & Gamble. There were 52 episodes made in the series. It marked Bill Cosby's first solo foray in television after his co-starring role with Robert Culp in I Spy.

The series also marked the first time an African American starred in their own eponymous comedy series.

Robert Culp
Robert Martin Culp (August 16, 1930 – March 24, 2010) was an American actor and screenwriter widely known for his work in television. Culp earned an international reputation for his role as Kelly Robinson on I Spy (1965–1968), the espionage television series in which he and co-star Bill Cosby played secret agents. Before this, he starred in the CBS/Four Star Western series Trackdown as Texas Ranger Hoby Gilman in 71 episodes from 1957 to 1959. The 1980s brought him back to television as FBI Agent Bill Maxwell on The Greatest American Hero. Later, he had a recurring role as Warren Whelan on Everybody Loves Raymond, and was a voice actor for various computer games, including Half-Life 2. Culp gave hundreds of performances in a career spanning more than 50 years.
Bite the Bullet (Hoodoo Gurus album)
Bite the Bullet is a compilation album by Australian rock group Hoodoo Gurus, released in July 1998.

Mushroom also released it as a three-CD limited edition set, Bite the Bullet – Director's Cut, consisting of Bite the Bullet (Live) (a live farewell tour set), Doppelgänger: Live-to-Air Broadcasts '83 – '96 (Triple J Live at the Wireless performances) and Bubble & Squeak: Outtakes and Oddities (a rarities collection). The single CD was re-released in July 2000 by Brazilian record label, Tronador. The 3-CD set was also re-released in June 2003 by Shock Records and Limburger Records.

Dave Faulkner (musician)
David Jonathan Faulkner (born 2 October 1957) is an Australian rock musician who also performed as Dave Flick. Faulkner is a singer-songwriter, guitarist and keyboardist; he has performed with several bands, but is best known as a member of Hoodoo Gurus. He wrote the band's best known single, 1987 hit "What's My Scene?", which reached No. 3 on the National charts.

As the mainstay member of Hoodoo Gurus, Faulkner gave the acceptance speech when they were inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association Hall of Fame on 18 July 2007 at the Plaza Ballroom, Melbourne. Faulkner was one of the new entries in the 2007 edition of Who's Who in Australia.
Tuthal Ó Máille
Tuthal Ó Máille was a Gaelic-Irish Lord who flourished around 1413.

Ó Máille was a member of the O'Malley family of Clew Bay in what is now County Mayo. One of his exploits was recorded in the Annals of the Four Masters under the year 1413:

Tuathal O'Malley went, to be employed on military service, to the province of Ulster, where he remained one year; on his return home with seven ships and their crews, about the festival of St. Columbkille, a storm arose on the western sea, which drove them northwards to the right towards Scotland, where six of the ships, with all their crews, were sunk, among whom were the two sons of Tuathal O'Malley, Donough, son of Owen Connaughtagh Mac Sweeny, Donnell Ballagh, the son of Mac Sweeny Gearr, and two hundred and forty others. Tuathal himself, with much difficulty, effected a landing in Scotland.

Ó Máille was not however Chief of the Name; this was Aodh Ó Máille, who was killed by his kinsman, Diarmaid Ó Máille, in 1415.

Clew Bay
Clew Bay (/ˈkluː/; Irish: Cuan Mó) is a large ocean bay on the Atlantic coast of County Mayo, Ireland. It is roughly rectangular and has more than a hundred small islands on its landward side, Ireland's best example of sunken drumlins. The larger Clare Island guards the entrance of the bay.

The bay is overlooked by Croagh Patrick to the south and the Nephin Beg Mountains to the north. From the southwest part of the bay eastwards are the settlements Louisburgh, Lecanvey, Murrisk, and Westport; north of Westport is Newport, and westwards from there lies Mulranny, gateway to Achill.
2006 Patriot League men's basketball tournament
The 2006 Patriot League men's basketball tournament was played at Hart Center in Worcester, Massachusetts and Sojka Pavilion in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania after the conclusion of the 2005–06 regular season. Top seed Bucknell defeated second seed Holy Cross, 74–59 in the championship game, to win its second Patriot League Tournament title. The Bison earned an automatic bid to the 2006 NCAA tournament as #9 seed in the Oakland region. In the round of 64, Bucknell defeated #8 seed Arkansas 59–55.

Holy Cross Crusaders men's basketball
The Holy Cross Crusaders men's basketball team represents the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts (about 40 miles (64 km) west of Boston) in NCAA Division I competition. The team competes in the Patriot League and plays their home games in the Hart Center. 
Under coach Doggie Julian, the Crusaders won a national championship in 1947. It is the only school from Massachusetts to win an NCAA Division I tournament. Along with Final Four appearances in 1947 and 1948, Holy Cross has appeared 13 times in the NCAA tournament, most recently in 2016. Dave Paulsen was appointed the program's 19th head coach on March 28, 2023.
Dealsplus
DealsPlus is an online coupon and deal social commerce website. It combines aspects of an online coupon site and user-generated content driven deal focused sites. Like other coupon and deals sites, SEO plays an important role in DealsPlus’ business. Based on an SEO analysis, Priceonomics ranked DealsPlus third behind RetailMeNot and Coupons.com for a sample of key word terms.

Search engine optimization
Search engine optimization (SEO) is the practice of improving the visibility and performance of websites and web pages in search engine results pages (SERPs). It focuses on increasing the quantity and quality of traffic from unpaid (organic) search results rather than paid advertising. SEO applies to multiple search formats, including web, image, video, news, academic, and vertical search engines, as well as AI-assisted search interfaces.

SEO is commonly used as part of a broader digital marketing strategy and involves optimizing technical infrastructure, content relevance, and authority signals to improve rankings for user queries. The objective of SEO is to attract users who are actively searching for information, products, or services, thereby supporting brand visibility, user engagement, and conversions.
Global Centroid Moment Tensor
The Global Centroid Moment Tensor (GCMT) is a seismological and geophysical database of locations and source parameters for globally recorded earthquakes larger than magnitude 5.0. GCMT's primary goals are determination of moment tensors for major earthquakes globally and quick dissemination of results. The GCMT database contains more than 25,000 moment tensors for major earthquakes since 1976.

GCMT is overseen by Göran Ekström and Meredith Nettles at the American Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory. GCMT was initially established under Harvard University where it was called the Harvard CMT Project in 1982–2006. The GCMT database is considered a trusted source and staple for the geophysical community.

Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory
The Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) is a research institution of Columbia University specializing in the Earth system science. It is located on its own campus north of Manhattan in Palisades, New York.

The observatory was one of the centers of research that led to the development of the theory of plate tectonics as well as many other notable scientific developments.
David Hanson (producer)
David Hanson is an English television producer well known for his production work on Coronation Street from September 1998 to October 1999, and the Liverpool based soap Hollyoaks. He introduced characters such as Clare Devine, Gilly Roach, Nancy Hayton and Rhys Ashworth.

In 1999, he was nominated for a BAFTA TV Award, Best British Soap.

Rhys Ashworth
Rhys Ashworth is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks, played by Andrew Moss. He made his first on-screen appearance in September 2005. Rhys was killed off in the Enjoy The Ride storyline in an episode airing on 15 November 2012 and the character departed on 16 November 2012. Rhys made a return on 27 June 2014 as part of his ex-girlfriend Cindy Cunningham's (Stephanie Waring) storyline about her bipolar disorder.
Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994
The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 (c. 33) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It introduced a number of changes to the law, most notably in the restriction and reduction of existing rights, clamping down on unlicensed rave parties, and greater penalties for certain "anti-social" behaviours. The Bill was introduced by Michael Howard, Home Secretary of Prime Minister John Major's Conservative government, and attracted widespread opposition.

Direct action
Direct action is a form of activism in which participants use economic power or political power to achieve their goals. The aim of direct action is to either obstruct a certain practice such as a government's laws or actions or to draw attention to and create a dialogue in order to solve perceived problems.

Direct action may include activities, that can be either violent or nonviolent, targeting people, groups, institutions, actions, or property that its participants deem objectionable. Violent direct action may include political violence, assault, arson, sabotage, and property destruction. Nonviolent direct action may include peaceful demonstrations, civil disobedience, sit-ins, strikes, and counter-economics.
Battle of Old Town (U.S. Civil War 1864 Valley Campaign)
The Battle of Old Town was a U.S. Civil War battle fought on August 2, 1864 as part of the Valley Campaign of 1864. Union forces amassed and took high ground at  Oldtown, Maryland on the Potomac River in an attempt to trap Brigadier John McCausland’s Confederate States Army raiders behind Union lines.

McCausland's forces had previously sacked and burned Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, on orders of Lieutenant General Jubal A. Early. The survival of McCausland and his section of the Army of Northern Virginia is credited to a single artillery shot directed at close range by Maryland Line Lieutenant John R. McNulty from his Baltimore Light Artillery command, which was supporting Brigadier Bradley Tyler Johnson’s 1st Maryland Infantry. Lieutenant (later Major) McNulty’s shot has been called “one of the most brilliant achievements of the war.”

Maryland Line (CSA)
The Maryland Line in the Army of the Confederate States of America was made up of volunteers from Maryland who, despite their home state remaining in the Union, fought for the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. Of approximately 25,000 Marylanders who volunteered, most fought in the Army of Northern Virginia, and it was not until late in 1863 that a Maryland Line in the CSA was formally created. However, by this late stage in the war, few men wished to leave the units they had fought alongside for more than two years, and the exiles' dream of an independent Maryland Line in the Confederate army would never be fully realized.