hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Diocese of Moulins
The Diocese of Moulins (Latin: Dioecesis Molinensis; French: Diocèse de Moulins) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in France. The episcopal see is located in the city of Moulins. The diocese comprises all of the department of Allier in the region of Auvergne.

Pope Pius VI
Pope Pius VI (Italian: Pio VI; born Count Angelo Onofrio Melchiorre Natale Giovanni Antonio called Giovanni Angelo or Giannangelo Braschi, 25 December 1717 – 29 August 1799) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 15 February 1775 to his death in August 1799.

Pius VI condemned the French Revolution and the suppression of the Catholic Church in France that resulted from it. French troops commanded by Napoleon Bonaparte defeated the Papal army and occupied the Papal States in 1796. In 1798, upon his refusal to renounce his temporal power, Pius was taken prisoner and transported to France. He died eighteen months later in Valence. His reign of more than twenty-four years is the fifth-longest in papal history. He was also the longest-ruling pope of the Papal States.
Hallow, Worcestershire
Hallow is a village and civil parish in the Malvern Hills district, in the county of Worcestershire, England. The village is on the A443 road that links Worcester with Holt Heath and is beside the River Severn, about 2 miles (3.2 km) north-west of Worcester. Hallow has a public house, a post office and a Church of England primary school. In 2001 the parish had a population of 1173.

Voluntary controlled school
A voluntary controlled school (VC school) is a state-funded school in England and Wales in which a foundation or trust (usually a Christian denomination) has some formal influence in the running of the school.  Such schools have less autonomy than voluntary aided schools, in which the foundation pays part of any building costs.

Originally the term is derived from the funding of the schools through voluntary subscriptions and contributions. Although it is also the case that these are schools previously independent of local or national government that volunteered to be controlled by the state.
M119 howitzer
The M119 howitzer is a lightweight 105 mm howitzer, used by the United States Army. It is the American licensed version of the British L119 light gun. The M119 is typically towed by the M1097 or M1152 High Mobility Multi-Purpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV), and can be easily airlifted by helicopter, or airdropped by parachute.

Licensed production
Licensed production is the production under license of technology developed elsewhere. The licensee provides the licensor of a specific product with legal production rights, technical information, process technology, and any other proprietary components that cannot be sourced by the licensor.

This is an especially prominent commercial practice in developing nations, which often approach licensed production as a starting point for indigenous industrial development. While licensed production in developing nations provides stimulus to the production and technical capabilities of local industry, in many cases it remains at least partly dependent on foreign support.
Estradiol valerate/hydroxyprogesterone caproate
Estradiol valerate/hydroxyprogesterone caproate (EV/OHPC), sold under the brand names Gravibinon and Injectable No. 1 (or Chinese Injectable No. 1) among others, is a combined estrogen and progestogen medication which is used in the treatment of threatened miscarriage and other indications (e.g., as a means of pseudopregnancy) and as a form of combined injectable birth control to prevent pregnancy. It contains estradiol valerate (EV), an estrogen, and hydroxyprogesterone caproate (OHPC), a progestin. The medication is given by injection into muscle once a day to once a month depending on the indication.

Schering AG
Schering AG was a research-centered German multinational pharmaceutical company headquartered in Wedding, Berlin, which operated as an independent company from 1851 to 2006. In 2006, it was bought by Bayer AG and merged to form the Bayer subsidiary Bayer Schering Pharma AG, which was renamed Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals in 2011. Schering was listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and had 26,000 employees as of 2004.

The American pharmaceutical company Schering-Plough, formerly the Schering Corporation, was originally the US subsidiary of Schering AG, and merged with Merck & Co. in 2009.
Fake Accounts
Fake Accounts is the 2021 debut novel by American author and critic Lauren Oyler. It was published on February 2, 2021, by Catapult, and on February 4, 2021, by Fourth Estate.

The novel follows a young woman who discovers that her boyfriend is behind a popular Instagram account which promotes conspiracy theories. It was shortlisted for the 2021 Bollinger Everyman Wodehouse Prize for Comic Fiction.

Bollinger Everyman Wodehouse Prize
The Bollinger Everyman Wodehouse Prize is the United Kingdom's first literary award for comic literature. Established in 2000 and named in honour of P. G. Wodehouse, past winners include Paul Torday in 2007 with Salmon Fishing in the Yemen and Marina Lewycka with A Short History of Tractors in Ukrainian 2005 and Jasper Fforde for The Well of Lost Plots in 2004. Gary Shteyngart was the first American winner in 2011, and 2020 saw a graphic novel take the prize for the first time.

The Prize is sponsored and organised by Bollinger, a producer of sparkling wines from the Champagne region of France, and Everyman Library, a book imprint that is a division of Random House.

Until 2019 the winner was announced at the annual Hay Festival. Winners receive a jeroboam of Champagne Bollinger Special Cuvée, a case of Bollinger La Grande Année and a complete set of the Everyman's Library P. G. Wodehouse collection. In addition, a Gloucestershire Old Spots pig is also named after the winning novel.
Pickled egg
Pickled eggs are typically hard-boiled eggs that are cured in vinegar or brine. As with many foods, this was originally a way to preserve the food so that it could be eaten months later. Pickled eggs have since become a favorite among many as a snack or hors d'œuvre popular in pubs, bars, and taverns, and around the world in places where beer is served.

After the eggs are hard-boiled, the shell is removed and they are submerged in a solution of vinegar, salt, spices, and other seasonings. Recipes vary from the traditional brine solution for pickles to other solutions, which can impart a sweet or spicy taste.

The final taste is mostly determined by the pickling solution. The eggs are left in this solution from one day to several months.  Prolonged exposure to the pickling solution may result in a rubbery texture. Care should be taken to prepare the eggs properly to avoid food poisoning.

Pickled eggs may be served as part of a main course, hors d'œuvres, or garnishes.

Garnish (cooking)
A garnish is an item or substance used as a decoration or embellishment accompanying a prepared food dish or drink. In many cases, it may give added or contrasting flavor.  Some garnishes are selected mainly to augment the visual impact of the plate, while others are selected specifically for the flavor they may impart. This is in contrast to a condiment, a prepared sauce added to another food item primarily for its flavor. A food item which is served with garnish may be described as being garni, the French term for "garnished."

The difference between garnish and decoration, is garnish is edible.  For example, plastic grass for sushi presentation is considered a decoration, not a garnish.
Holy City, Devon
Holy City is a hamlet in the parish of Chardstock, East Devon, England. It is approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) due north of the town of Axminster, and 4 miles (6.4 km) from the nearest small town of Chard (Somerset).

Axminster
Axminster is a market town and civil parish on the eastern border of the county of Devon in England. It is 28 miles (45 km) from the county town of Exeter. The town is built on a hill overlooking the River Axe which heads towards the English Channel at Axmouth, and is in the East Devon local government district.  At the 2001 census, it had a population of 5,626, increasing to 5,761 at the 2011 census. The town contains two electoral wards (town and rural) whose combined population is 7,110. The market is still held every Thursday.

Axminster gave its name to a type of carpet. An Axminster-type power loom is capable of weaving high-quality carpets with many varying colours and patterns. While Axminster carpets are made in the town by Axminster Carpets Ltd, this type of carpet is now manufactured all over the world as well.
Floyd baronets
The Floyd Baronetcy is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 30 March 1816 for General John Floyd. He was second-in-command at the Battle of Seringapatam in 1799. Floyd's daughter Julia was the wife of Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet. The fifth Baronet was a Brigadier in the 15th/19th Hussars and was Chief-of-Staff of the Eighth Army from 1944 to 1945. Between 1961 and 1968 he served as Lord-Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire. The seventh Baronet was High Sheriff of Rutland in 1968. The fourth baronet's youngest son, Charles Murray Floyd, was a prominent businessman, surveyor and land agent.

Siege of Seringapatam (1799)
The siege of Seringapatam (5 April – 4 May 1799) was the final confrontation of the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Mysore. The British, with the allied Nizam Ali Khan, 2nd Nizam of Hyderabad and Marathas, achieved a decisive victory after breaching the walls of the fortress at Seringapatam and storming the citadel. The leader of the British troops was Major General David Baird, among the lesser known allies were the Portuguese in Goa and Damaon. Tipu Sultan, the ruler after the death of his father, was killed in the action. The British restored the Wodeyar dynasty back to power after the victory through a treaty of subsidiary alliance and Krishnaraja Wodeyar III was crowned the King of Mysore.  However, they retained indirect control (British paramountcy) of the kingdom's external affairs.
Inducement rule
The inducement rule is a test a United States court can use to determine whether liability for copyright infringement committed by third parties could be assigned to the distributor of the device used to commit infringement.

Legal liability
In law, liable means  "responsible or answerable in law; legally obligated". Legal liability concerns both civil law and criminal law and can arise from various areas of law, such as contracts, torts, taxes, or fines given by government agencies. The claimant is the one who seeks to establish, or prove, liability.
Girija: A Lifetime in Music
Girija: A Lifetime in Music is a 2018 Hindi language documentary directed by Debapriya Adhikary, Samanwaya Sarkar and Sankalp Meshram and produced by Madhu Chandra and Sudha Datta.  The film is the recipient of National Film Award for Best Arts/Cultural Film, awarded by the Government Of India. In 2018, it also received the Los Angeles Independent Film Festival award for Best Documentary Feature.

National Film Award for Best Arts/Cultural Film
The National Film Award for Best Arts/Cultural Film is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the National Film Development Corporation of India. It is one of several awards presented for non-feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus).

The award was instituted in 1985, at 33rd National Film Awards and awarded annually for films produced in the year across the country, in all Indian languages.
Cody Ziglar
Cody Ziglar is an American television and comics writer and comedian. His writing credits include Futurama, Rick and Morty, and She-Hulk: Attorney at Law and he is the current writer on the Miles Morales: Spider-Man comic book from Marvel Comics. He has been nominated for an Emmy Award for his work on Robot Chicken.

Marvel's Voices
Marvel's Voices is a podcast hosted by journalist, producer, and author Angélique Roché. Each episode, Roché interviews and has "deep-diving conversations with storytellers" associated with Marvel Entertainment. The podcast puts on emphasis "diversity in storytelling" and creators of color. Its popularity resulted in a number of spin-off comic books starting in 2020.
Step by Step (1946 film)
Step by Step is a 1946 American drama film directed by Phil Rosen, written by Stuart Palmer, and starring Lawrence Tierney, Anne Jeffreys, Lowell Gilmore, Myrna Dell, Harry Harvey, Sr. and Addison Richards. It was released on August 30, 1946, by RKO Pictures.

Harry Harvey Sr.
Harry William Harvey, Sr. (January 10, 1901 – November 27, 1985) was an American actor of theatre, film, and television, with more than 300 movies and TV episodes to his credit. Movie fans know Harry Harvey as Leon Errol's perennial confidant in Errol's two-reel comedies for RKO Radio Pictures, and as a character player in serials for Columbia Pictures. Television viewers may recall him for his performances on The Lone Ranger (1949) and The Roy Rogers Show (1951–1957).
Atelopus palmatus
Atelopus palmatus (common name: Andersson's stubfoot toad) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Cordillera Oriental of eastern Ecuador and is known from the Napo and Pastaza Provinces at elevations of 1,150–1,740 m (3,770–5,710 ft) above sea level. Its type locality is "Rio Pastaza".

Toad
Toad (also known as a hoptoad) is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.

In popular culture (folk taxonomy), toads are distinguished from frogs by their drier, rougher skin and association with more terrestrial habitats. However, this distinction does not align precisely with scientific taxonomy.
2019 Yongchuan International Tournament
The 2019 Yongchuan International Tournament (Chinese: 2019年茶山竹海杯永川国际女子足球邀请赛) was the 5th edition of the Yongchuan International Tournament, an invitational women's football tournament held in Yongchuan District, Chongqing, China. Unlike the previous editions of the tournament where each team played all the other teams, 2019 tournament was played in bracket format where the winners of the first round played each other and the losers of the first round played each other to determine the standings.

Yongchuan, Chongqing
Yongchuan (Chinese: 永川区; pinyin: Yǒngchuān Qū) is a district of Chongqing, China, located by the north side of upper reach of Yangtze River, with a history of 1200 years.  Yongchuan borders Sichuan province to the southwest and is 63 km (39 mi) away from Yuzhong District of central Chongqing and 276 km (171 mi) from Chengdu.
Basque Coast Geopark
The Basque Coast Geopark (Basque language: Euskal Kostaldeko Geoparkea), formally the Basque Coast UNESCO Global Geopark, is an area of the Basque Country in the north of Spain which became a member of the European Geoparks Network in 2010, one of several Global Geoparks in Spain. It comprises 89 square kilometres of countryside with a 23 km long cliffed coast fronting the Bay of Biscay. Inland it comprises hilly country which reaches up to Sesiarte which is 755m above sea level. The main communities within the Geopark are Zumaia, Deba and Mutriku. The A8 Cantabrian motorway runs east–west through the Geopark.

Deba, Spain
Deba  is a town located in the province of Gipuzkoa, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, in the north of Spain. The town centre is right on the sea, and the municipal district includes a series of country villages, such as Itziar, Lastur and Elorriaga.
Irrationality measure
In mathematics, an irrationality measure of a real number  is a measure of how "closely" it can be approximated by rationals.

If a function , defined for , takes positive real values and is strictly decreasing in both variables, consider the following inequality:

for a given real number  and rational numbers  with . Define  as the set of all  for which only finitely many  exist, such that the inequality is satisfied. Then  is called an irrationality measure of  with regard to  If there is no such  and the set  is empty,  is said to have infinite irrationality measure .

Consequently, the inequality

has at most only finitely many solutions  for all .

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.
Karate at the 2025 Junior Pan American Games
The karate events at the 2025 Junior Pan American Games were held at the Olympic Training Centre, located in the Olympic Park in Luque, in the Greater Asuncion area. The events were contested between August 21 and 23, 2025.

Ten events were contested, five for men and five for women. The winner of each event qualified for the 2027 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru.

2027 Pan American Games
The 2027 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2027), officially the XX Pan American Games (Spanish: XX Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2027, is an upcoming international multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization. It will be held from 23 July to 8 August in Lima, the capital of Peru, eight years after the city hosted the 2019 Pan American Games.

Barranquilla, Colombia was initially announced as the host in August 2021. However, the city was stripped of its hosting rights in January 2024 after the country's Ministry of Sports failed to meet contractual obligations, as well as financial reasons.
2015 Macau Open Grand Prix Gold
The 2015 Macau Open Grand Prix Open was the nineteenth grand prix gold and grand prix tournament of the 2015 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. The tournament was held in Tap Seac Multi-sports Pavilion, Macau November 24–29, 2015 and had a total budget of $120,000.

Chae Yoo-jung
Chae Yoo-jung (Korean: 채유정; Hanja: 蔡侑玎; born 9 May 1995) is a South Korean badminton player who affiliated with Incheon International Airport team. She is the daughter of former singles player Kim Bok-sun. She won the mixed doubles title at the 2023 World Championships. Chae was a part of the Korean national team that won the world mixed team championships at the 2017 Sudirman Cup.
Drink mixer
Drink mixers are the non-alcoholic ingredients in mixed drinks and cocktails. Mixers dilute the drink, lowering the alcohol by volume in the drink. They change, enhance, or add new flavors to a drink. They may make the drink sweeter, more sour, or more savory. Some mixers change the texture or consistency of the drink, making it thicker or more watery. Drink mixers may also be used strictly for decorative purposes by changing the color or appearance of the drink. They also simply increase the volume of a drink, to make it last longer.

Alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, divided by the volume of the solution, both at 20 °C (68 °F). Pure ethanol is lighter than water, with a density of 0.78945 g/mL (0.82353 oz/US fl oz; 0.79122 oz/imp fl oz; 0.45633 oz/cu in). The alc/vol standard is used worldwide. The International Organization of Legal Metrology has tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures.

In some countries, e.g. France, alcohol by volume is often referred to as degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac), although there is a slight difference since the Gay-Lussac convention uses the International Standard Atmosphere value for temperature, 15 °C (59 °F).
Thomas White (Sussex cricketer)
Thomas Reginald White (3 July 1892 – 7 May 1979) was an English cricketer.  White was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium.  He was born at Basingstoke, Hampshire.

White made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1928. In this match, he scored 9 runs in Sussex's first-innings, before being dismissed by Denis Blundell, while in their second-innings he was dismissed him for 4 by Maurice Allom.  Cambridge University won the match by 71 runs.

He died at Camden, London on 7 May 1979.

London Borough of Camden
The London Borough of Camden (/ˈkæmdən/ ⓘ) is a borough in Inner London, England. Camden Town Hall, on Euston Road, lies 1.4 mi (2.3 km) north of Charing Cross. The borough was established on 1 April 1965 from the former metropolitan boroughs of Holborn,  St Pancras and Hampstead.

To the south it shares with the City of Westminster parts of the West End, where it also borders the City of London. The cultural and commercial land uses in the south contrast with the bustling mixed-use districts such as Camden Town and Kentish Town in the centre and leafy residential areas around Hampstead Heath in the north. Well known attractions include The British Museum, The British Library, the famous views from Parliament Hill, the London Zoo, the BT Tower, the converted Roundhouse entertainment venue, and Camden Market. As of 2021 it has a population of 210,136. Politically, its local authority is Camden London Borough Council.
Pha Sadet railway station
Pha Sadet railway station (Thai: สถานีรถไฟผาเสด็จ) was a railway station in the area of Thap Kwang Subdistrict, Kaeng Khoi District, Saraburi Province, Thailand. It was a class 3 railway station located 138.95 km (86.3 mi) from Bangkok railway station (Hua Lamphong railway station).

Hua Lamphong railway station
Bangkok (Hua Lamphong) railway station (Thai: สถานีกรุงเทพ (หัวลำโพง), RTGS: Sathani Krung Thep (Hua Lamphong)) is a railway station in Pathum Wan, the former central passenger terminal in Bangkok and the former railway hub of Thailand. It is in the center of the city in the Pathum Wan district, and is operated by the State Railway of Thailand (SRT). Long distance trains moved to the new central station at Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal in 2023.
Åke Gerhard Ekstrand
Åke Gerhard Ekstrand (28 December 1846, Gränna – 9 April 1933) was a Swedish chemist, academic and public servant. He held several technical and regulatory positions within the Swedish Ministry of Finance and contributed extensively to chemical research, industrial chemistry and scientific publishing in Sweden.

Gränna
Gränna (pronunciationⓘ) is a locality in Jönköping Municipality, Jönköping County, Sweden with 2,649 inhabitants in 2023.Founded in 1652 by Count Per Brahe, it is in Småland on the eastern shores of the lake Vättern, about 40 km north of Jönköping.