hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cinema Stakes
The Cinema Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-old horses held annually at Santa Anita Park Arcadia, California. Raced on turf originally over a distance of one and one-eighth miles (9 furlongs) in late May or early June. In 2023, the race was extended to one and one-quarter miles (10 furlongs).

Arcadia, California
Arcadia is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, located about 13 miles (21 km) northeast of downtown Los Angeles in the San Gabriel Valley and at the base of the San Gabriel Mountains. It contains a series of adjacent parks consisting of the Santa Anita Park racetrack, the Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden, and Arcadia County Park. The city had a population of 56,681 at the 2020 census. The city is named after Arcadia, Greece.
Seven Fingered Jack
Seven Fingered Jack is a mountain in the North Cascades in the U.S. state of Washington. It is located at the north end of the Entiat Mountains, a sub-range of the Cascade Range. It is part of a three-peak group called the Entiat Cirque which includes Mount Maude and Mount Fernow. Seven Fingered Jack is about 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Holden. The peak is in the Glacier Peak Wilderness of Wenatchee National Forest.

Holden Village, Washington
Holden Village is a year-round Lutheran Christian center in the North Cascade mountains of the U.S. state of Washington. Formerly the site of one of the largest copper mines in the United States, the Holden mine, Holden is accessible only by a Lake Chelan passenger ferry, or by hiking in through the Cascade Mountains. Holden Village is the largest retreat center in the nation operating under a special use permit from the United States Department of Agriculture - Forest Service.
Charles Mopeli Stadium
Charles Mopeli Stadium is located in Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa. It was mostly used by the now defunct Free State Stars, and African Warriors when they were in the National First Division before their relegation in 2015–16. The stadium has a capacity of 35,000.

The stadium also hosted the Nedbank Cup fixture between Soweto giants Orlando Pirates and Maluti FET College.

By 2021, the stadium was derelict, with the Maluti-a-Phofung Local Municipality stating that they intended to refurbish it.

As of 2023, R14 million had been spent on refurbishments, but the condition of the stadium was still described as "deplorable" and a "testament to corruption" by the Democratic Alliance.

Phuthaditjhaba
Phuthaditjhaba (previously Witsieshoek), is a town in the Free State province of South Africa. It is located in a section of the Drakensberg mountains (Maloti in the Sesotho language). It borders the province of KwaZulu-Natal to the south east and the independent country of Lesotho to the south west. The town was capital of the bantustan, or homeland, of QwaQwa. When apartheid ended, the town became part of the Free State province.
Fought & Lost
"Fought & Lost" is a song by British singer-songwriter Sam Ryder featuring English musician Brian May and Bulgarian musical composer George Strezov. It was released as a single on 24 May 2023 by Parlophone Records. It was written by Ryder alongside Jamie Hartman and Tom Howe, who also produced the track. Ryder performed the song with Hannah Waddingham, at the Grammy Museum.

Grammy Museum
The Grammy Museum is any of a group of museums containing exhibits relating to winners of the Grammy Award for achievement in recording.

The museums in this group include:

The Grammy Museum at L.A. Live, which opened in 2008 in Los Angeles, California

The Grammy Museum Mississippi, which opened in 2016 in Cleveland, Mississippi

The Grammy Museum at Musicians Hall of Fame, Nashville, Tennessee.

The Grammy Museum Experience, which opened in 2017 at Prudential Center, Newark, New Jersey
Surinam Airways
Surinam Airways (Dutch: Surinaamse Luchtvaart Maatschappij), also known by its initials SLM, is the flag carrier of Suriname, based in the capital city Paramaribo. It operates regional and long-haul scheduled passenger services. Its hub is at Johan Adolf Pengel International Airport (Zanderij). Surinam Airways is wholly owned by the Government of Suriname.

Politics of Suriname
Politics of Suriname take place in a framework of a  representative democratic parliamentary republic with an executive president, whereby the president of Suriname is the head of state and head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. The executive power is dependent on the Parliament in theory. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Baron d'Holbach
Paul Thiry, Baron d'Holbach (/ˈdoʊlbɑːk/; French: [dɔlbak]; 8 December 1723 – 21 January 1789), known as d'Holbach, was a Franco-German philosopher, encyclopedist and writer, who was a prominent figure in the French Enlightenment. He was born in Edesheim, near Landau in the Rhenish Palatinate, but lived and worked mainly in Paris, where he kept a salon. He helped in the dissemination of "Protestant and especially German thought", particularly in the field of the sciences, but was known more for his atheism and voluminous writings against religion, famously including The System of Nature (1770) and The Universal Morality (1776).

Germans in France
German emigration to France has resulted in it being the home of one of the largest communities of German population born outside Germany.
Migration from Germany to France has increased rapidly from the 1990s onwards; by 2012, there were an estimated 130,000 German citizens living in France.
Bhaurao
Bhaurao is an Indian given name. Notable persons with this name include:

Bhaurao Patil, social activist and educator in Maharashtra

Bhaurao Datar, Indian film actor

Bhaurao Gaikwad, Indian social activist and politician from Maharashtra

Bhaurao Dagadurao Deshmukh, Indian politician from Maharashtra

B. D. Khobragade, Indian politician and lawyer

Bhavurao Deshpande, Indian politician from Karnataka

Bhaurao Patil
Bhaurao Patil (22 September 1887 – 9 May 1959), was a social activist and educator in Maharashtra, India. A strong advocate of mass education, he founded the Rayat Education Society.  Bhaurao played an important role in educating backward castes and low income people by coining the philosophy earn and learn.  He was a prominent member of Satyashodhak Samaj, founded by Mahatma Jyotirao Phule.  The people of Maharashtra honoured him with the sobriquet Karmaveer (King of actions) and the Government of India awarded him with Padma Bhushan in 1959 in India.
John Quill
John Quill (born March 10, 1990) is a retired Irish-born American rugby union player who played flanker for Rugby United New York (RUNY) in Major League Rugby (MLR) and the United States men's national team.

Quill has previously played for the Glendale Raptors (MLR), Sacramento Express (PRO Rugby), and London Welsh.

Flanker (rugby union)
Flanker is a position in the sport of rugby union. Each team of 15 players includes two flankers, who play in the forwards, and are generally classified as either blindside or openside flankers, numbers 6 and 7 respectively. The name comes from their position in a scrum in which they 'flank' each set of forwards. They compete for the ball – most commonly in rucks and mauls. Flankers also assist in pushing in a scrum, but are expected to detach from the scrum as soon as the ball is out to get to the play before the opposition's forwards. Flankers also participate in line-outs, either being lifted to contest or win possession, or to lift other players. Flankers are usually the key participants in the tackling process. The flankers, especially the openside, are often the fastest forwards on the team but still relied upon for tackling.
Astrotricha linearis
Astrotricha linearis, commonly known as the narrow-leaf star-hair, is a plant species in the family Araliaceae. The species is endemic to south-east Australia. Plants grow to 1.5 metres high and have linear leaves that are 20 to 65 mm long and 1 to 1.5 mm wide. Flowers appear between October and December in the species native range.

The species was formally described in 1837 based on plant material collected by Allan Cunningham near Bathurst.

It occurs naturally in heath or dry woodland in New South Wales and Victoria.

Allan Cunningham (botanist)
Allan Cunningham (13 July 1791 – 27 June 1839) was an English botanist and explorer, primarily known for his expeditions into uncolonised areas of eastern Australia to collect plants and report on the suitability of the land for grazing purposes. The standard author abbreviation A.Cunn. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Clive M. Schmitthoff
Clive Maximilian Schmitthoff (24 March 1903 – 30 September 1990) was an Anglo-German legal scholar. He served as Gresham Professor of Law in London from 1976 to 1987, and is known for his contributions to trade law.

Born as Maximilian Schmulewitz in Berlin, to Anna and Hermann Schmulewitz (who later adopted the name Schmitthoff), he obtained his doctorate in law under the supervision of Martin Wolff at the Humboldt University of Berlin in 1927. Being Jewish, he emigrated to the United Kingdom following the Machtergreifung in 1933. He joined the British army in 1940, and adopted the name Clive Macmillan to disguise his origins in case he was captured.

Schmitthoff received an Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1978.

Heriot-Watt University
Heriot-Watt University (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Heriot-Watt) is a public research university based in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was established in 1821 as the School of Arts of Edinburgh, the world's first mechanics' institute, and was subsequently granted university status by royal charter in 1966. It is the eighth-oldest higher education institution in the United Kingdom. The name Heriot-Watt was taken from Scottish inventor James Watt and Scottish philanthropist and goldsmith George Heriot.

The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £293.9 million of which £52.3 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £301.1 million. Known for its focus on science as well as engineering, it is one of the 23 colleges that were granted university status in the 1960s, and it is sometimes considered a plate glass university, like Lancaster and York.

The university has three campuses in Scotland and one each in the UAE and Malaysia.
Naseer & Shahab
Naseer & Shahab (Urdu: نصیر اور  شہاب) is a Pakistani soft alternative rock band from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Formed in 2010, the band rose to stardom with their debut single "Za Pukhtoon Yam". The band is a duo of Naseer Afridi, who is a lead vocalist, musician and songwriter, and Shahab Qamar, a producer, director and web designer. Naseer & Shahab release singles independently, in mainly Pashtu language, propelled to international success by social media, Naseer & Shahab's four singles "Za Pukhtoon Yam" (2012),  "Za Sta Pashan Na Yam" (2012), "Meray Yaar" (2012) and "Ghalti Mein Shta" (2014), topped many charts and made them most influential and first Pashto rock band of Pakistan.

For their work, they received a nomination of Best Radio Rock Band at Radio 91 Awards, and the Best Emerging Band at 12th Lux Style Awards. For "Ghalti Mein Shta" duo received two nominations including Best Music Video and Best Music Single, with the former winning for Shahab.

Video production
Video production is the process of producing video content. It is the equivalent of filmmaking, but with video recorded either as analog signals on videotape, digitally in video tape or as computer files stored on optical discs, hard drives, SSDs, magnetic tape or memory cards instead of film stock. There are three main stages of video production, pre-production, production and post-production.
John Bolender
John Bolender (March 5, 1837 – June 18, 1902) was an American farmer and politician.

Born in Union County, Pennsylvania, Bolender moved with his parents to Illinois in 1840. He then moved to Juda, Wisconsin. In 1861, Bolender moved to Monroe, Wisconsin and was a farmer. Bolender served as town clerk and village treasurer. Bolender served on the Green County Board of Supervisors and was chairman of the county board. In 1882 and 1883, Bolender served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Republican. Bolender died in Monroe, Wisconsin.

Monroe, Wisconsin
Monroe is a city in Green County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. The population was 10,661 at the 2020 census. The city is bordered by the town of Monroe to the north and the town of Clarno to the south. It is nicknamed the "Cheese Capital of the USA".
CoffeeScript
CoffeeScript is a programming language that compiles to JavaScript. It adds syntactic sugar inspired by Ruby, Python, and Haskell in an effort to enhance JavaScript's brevity and readability. Some added features include list comprehension and destructuring assignment.

CoffeeScript support is included in Ruby on Rails version 3.1 and Play Framework. In 2011, Brendan Eich referenced CoffeeScript as an influence on his thoughts about the future of JavaScript.

Brendan Eich
Brendan Eich (/ˈaɪk/ EYEK; born July 4, 1961) is an American computer programmer and technology executive. He created the JavaScript programming language and co-founded the Mozilla project, the Mozilla Foundation, and the Mozilla Corporation. He served as the Mozilla Corporation's chief technical officer before he was appointed chief executive officer, but resigned shortly after his appointment due to pressure over his opposition to same-sex marriage. He subsequently became the cofounder and CEO of Brave Software.
Tenacity on the Tasman
Tenacity on the Tasman is a 2009 documentary film about Olly Hicks, an adventurer, and his attempt to circumnavigate the world in a rowboat. The film premiered at the ODEON Leicester Square on November 19, 2009, becoming the first independently distributed documentary to premiere at the theater.   The film was produced and directed by independent filmmaker George Olver through his production company Pendragon Productions and distributed globally as part of the Adventure Film Festival.

Odeon Luxe Leicester Square
The Odeon Luxe Leicester Square is a prominent cinema building in the West End of London. Built in the Art Deco style and completed in 1937, the building has been continually altered in response to developments in cinema technology, and was the first Dolby Cinema in the United Kingdom.

The cinema occupies the centre of the eastern side of Leicester Square in London, featuring a black polished granite facade and 120 feet (37 m) high tower displaying its name. Blue neon outlines the exterior of the building at night. It was built to be the flagship of Oscar Deutsch's Odeon Cinemas chain and still holds that position today. It hosts numerous European and world film premieres, including the annual Royal Film Performance.
Euphorbia rigida
Euphorbia rigida, the gopher spurge or upright myrtle spurge, is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae, native to southern Europe and southwest Asia. Growing to 50 cm (20 in) tall and broad, it is a bushy evergreen perennial with somewhat fleshy leaves arranged in a spiral, bearing bunches of bright yellow flowers in late Spring.

In its native Mediterranean Basin and the Middle East it is considered a weed. It has appeared spontaneously in the California wilderness but is not considered a noxious weed.

Mediterranean basin
In biogeography, the Mediterranean basin (/ˌmɛdɪtəˈreɪniən/ MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən), also known as the Mediterranean region or sometimes Mediterranea, is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that mostly have a Mediterranean climate, with mild to cool, rainy winters and warm to hot, dry summers, which supports characteristic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub vegetation.
Patti Valkenburg
Patricia Maria (Patti) Valkenburg  (born 19 August 1958, Delft) is a Distinguished Professor of Communication at the University of Amsterdam. She is the founder and director of Center for research on Children, Adolescents, and the Media (CCAM). She is a fellow of the International Communication Association. In 2011, she received the Spinoza Prize, the highest Dutch award in science.

Delft
Delft (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɛl(ə)ft] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. It is located between Rotterdam, to the southeast, and The Hague, to the northwest. Together with them, it is a part of both the Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area and the Randstad.

Delft is a popular tourist destination in the Netherlands, famous for its historical connections with the reigning House of Orange-Nassau, for its blue pottery, for being home to the painter Jan Vermeer, and for hosting Delft University of Technology (TU Delft). Historically, Delft played a highly influential role in the Dutch Golden Age. In terms of science and technology, thanks to the pioneering contributions of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and Martinus Beijerinck, Delft can be considered to be the birthplace of microbiology.
Glossary of shapes with metaphorical names
Many shapes have metaphorical names, i.e., their names are metaphors: these shapes are named after a most common object that has it. For example, "U-shape" is a shape that resembles the letter U, a bell-shaped curve has the shape of the vertical cross section of a bell, etc. These terms may variously refer to objects, their cross sections or projections.

Astroid
In mathematics, an astroid is a particular type of roulette curve: a hypocycloid with four cusps. Specifically, it is the locus of a point on a circle as it rolls inside a fixed circle with four times the radius. By double generation, it is also the locus of a point on a circle as it rolls inside a fixed circle with 4/3 times the radius. It can also be defined as the envelope of a line segment of fixed length that moves while keeping an end point on each of the axes. It is therefore the envelope of the moving bar in the Trammel of Archimedes.

Its modern name comes from the Greek word for "star". It was proposed, originally in the form of "Astrois", by Joseph Johann von Littrow in 1838. The curve had a variety of names, including tetracuspid (still used), cubocycloid, and paracycle. It is nearly identical in form to the evolute of an ellipse.
Patrik Marcel
Patrik Marcel (born November 27, 1994) is a Czech professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing for HC Vítkovice RIDERA of the CHANCE Liga.

Marcel made his Czech Extraliga debut playing with HC Plzeň during the 2013–14 Czech Extraliga season.

Czech Extraliga
The Czech Extraliga (Czech: Extraliga ledního hokeje, ELH) is the highest-level ice hockey league in the Czech Republic. It was created in 1993 following the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia midway through the 1992–93 Czechoslovak Extraliga season (which all Slovak and Czech teams played to completion). The league's season usually takes place between September and April and features 14 teams.

Teams from the ELH participate in the IIHF's annual European tournament in the CHL. During the 2022–23 CHL season, the ELH was ranked the No. 5 league in Europe, allowing them to send their top three teams to compete in the CHL.
Jaap Dronkers
Jaap Dronkers (1945 – 30 March 2016) was a Dutch sociologist of education. After studying sociology at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam in his native Amsterdam, he taught at the Catholic University of Brabant (now Tilburg University) from 1986 to 1990. In 1990, he joined the faculty of the University of Amsterdam, where he remained on the faculty until 2001. He then taught at the European University Institute from 2001 to 2009 before becoming an honorary professor in international comparative research on educational performance and social inequality at the Research Centre for Education and the Labour Market in the University of Maastricht's School for Business and Economics. From its establishment in 1995 till his death, Dronkers was a member of the editorial board of the academic journal Educational Research and Evaluation. He died of a stroke on 30 March 2016.

Maastricht University
Maastricht University (abbreviated as UM; Dutch: Universiteit Maastricht) is a public research university in Maastricht, Netherlands. Founded in 1976, it is the second youngest of the fourteen Dutch universities.

In 2023, 22,976 students studied at Maastricht University, 59% of whom were students from outside of the Netherlands, with over 4,000 employees. About half of the bachelor's programmes are fully offered in English, while the other half is taught wholly or partly in Dutch. Most of the master's and doctoral programmes are in English. Besides traditional programmes, Maastricht University also has three honours liberal arts colleges: University College Maastricht and the Maastricht Science Programme in the same liberal arts tradition. The satellite University College Venlo opened in 2015.
Labeo annectens
Labeo annectens is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. It is native to central Africa, where it occurs in several river basins, including the Congo River basin.

This fish is known to reach a maximum length of 48.5 centimeters. It has a long, rounded snout with a fleshy appendix at the end.

This species is a food fish. It is widespread and not considered threatened.

Congo River
The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third largest river in the world by discharge volume, following the Amazon and Ganges–Brahmaputra rivers. It is the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths of around 220 m (720 ft). The Congo–Lualaba–Luvua–Luapula–Chambeshi River system has an overall length of 4,700 km (2,900 mi), which makes it the world's ninth-longest river. The Chambeshi is a tributary of the Lualaba River, and Lualaba is the name of the Congo River upstream of Boyoma Falls, extending for 1,800 km (1,100 mi).

Measured along with the Lualaba, the main tributary, the Congo River has a total length of 4,370 km (2,720 mi). It is the only major river to cross the equator twice. The Congo Basin has a total area of about 4,000,000 km2 (1,500,000 mi2), or 13% of the entire African landmass.
Walsham le Willows
Walsham le Willows is a village and civil parish in the Mid Suffolk district, in Suffolk, England, located around 3 miles (4 km) south-east of Stanton. Queen Elizabeth I granted Walsham le Willows to Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, in 1559. In 2011 the parish had a population of 1213.

Because the village is documented unusually fully in surviving records of the time, the Cambridge historian John Hatcher chose to use it as the setting for his semi-fictionalised account of the effects of the mid-14th century plague epidemic in England, The Black Death: A Personal History (2008).

Sacrifice Pole

Dating from ancient time, a wooden beam has been stored in buildings around the village. Each year, at the start of February, around the time of Imbolc the wood is moved to a new building. The name Sacrifice Pole may relate to the era of plague but, equally, may not.

Nicholas Bacon (Lord Keeper)
Sir Nicholas Bacon (28 December 1510 – 20 February 1579) was Lord Keeper of the Great Seal during the first half of the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England. He was the father of the philosopher and statesman Sir Francis Bacon.