hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Lindsay (British Army officer)
Major-General George Mackintosh Lindsay, CB, CMG, CBE, DSO (3 July 1880 – 28 November 1956) was a British Army officer who played a prominent role in the development of mechanised forces during the 1920s and 1930s. Lindsay had spent much of the First World War developing doctrine for the use of machine-guns and training specialist units to operate them. After the war, commanding an armoured-car unit in Iraq, he became intrigued by the potential of mechanised warfare techniques. He was an influential figure in the debate around armoured forces during the 1920s and 1930s, working with J.F.C. Fuller on the Experimental Mechanized Force, and commanded the first experimental armoured division in 1934. Retiring just before the Second World War, Lindsay was called out of retirement to command the 9th (Highland) Infantry Division in the first months of the war, following which he worked as a civil defence commissioner and as a representative of the Red Cross during the liberation of Europe.

Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers
The Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers (Militia) is the most senior regiment of the British Army Reserve. The regiment was formed in 1539 during the reign of by King Henry VIII. The R Mon RE (M) became a militia unit in 1660 and then became a part of the Royal Engineers in 1877.
Idaho's 6th legislative district
Idaho's 6th legislative district is one of 35 districts of the Idaho Legislature. It currently comprises Latah and Lewis counties, as well as part of Nez Perce County.

It is currently represented by State Senator Dan Foreman, Republican  of Illinois and later, Moscow as well as state representatives Lori McCann, Republican of Lewiston and Brandon Mitchell, Republican of Moscow.

Lori McCann
Lori Trigsted McCann is an American politician serving as a member of the Idaho House of Representatives from the 6A district. McCann assumed office on May 17, 2021, appointed by Governor Brad Little to succeed Aaron von Ehlinger.
August 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
August 18 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - August 20

All fixed commemorations below are observed on September 1 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For August 19, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on August 6.

Saint Calminius
Calminius, also known as Calmin, founded three French abbeys in the 6th or 7th centuries AD: Mozac Abbey, in Puy-de-Dôme; Laguenne Abbey (near Tulle, Corrèze) and the abbey of Monastier-Saint-Chaffre. His Saint's day is August 19.

His widow, Namadie (Latin: Namadia), became a nun at Marsat. Their remains were conserved in the abbey church at Mozac in the  12th-century Saint Calminius Reliquary.
Lorenzo Quinteros
Lorenzo Quinteros (14 June 1945 – 23 April 2019) was an Argentine cinema and theatre actor.

Born in Córdoba Province, Quinteros has appeared in many films since his debut in Alianza para el progreso in 1971.  His reputation as a talented character actor was established with leading roles in Eliseo Subiela's Hombre mirando al sudeste (Man Facing Southeast, 1986) and Últimas imágenes del naufragio (Last Scenes from the Shipwreck, 1989).

Other notable appearances include Noche de los lápices (1986), Un Muro de Silencio (1993), El Acto en cuestión (1994), Eva Perón (1996), Buenos Aires Vice Versa (1996), Las Aventuras de Dios (2000) and Valentín (2002). Quinteros remains active in the theatre, as well; in 2009, he was cast as the Marquis de Sade in a local production of Swedish playwright Peter Weiss' Marat/Sade.

Buenos Aires Vice Versa
Buenos Aires Vice Versa (Spanish: Buenos Aires viceversa) is a 1996 Argentine and  Dutch dramatic film, written and directed by Alejandro Agresti. The film was produced by Alejandro Agresti and Axel Harding, and co-produced by Emjay Rechsteiner.

The picture deals with the alienation felt by the children who survived the Argentine military dictatorship of the 1970s.
Holtville High School
Holtville High School in Elmore County, Alabama serves grades 9-12 and is part of the Elmore County School System. As of 2008, the schools student body consisted of over 450 enrolled students and 40 staff members. The school offers 72 courses that include AP and dual enrollment college classes.

Elmore County, Alabama
Elmore County is a county located in the east central portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 87,977. Its county seat is Wetumpka. Its name is in honor of General John A. Elmore.

Elmore County is part of the Montgomery metropolitan area.
Dąbrowa, Gmina Mircze
Dąbrowa [dɔmˈbrɔva] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mircze, within Hrubieszów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine. It is currently both the smallest and least populous town\settlement in Poland.

Hrubieszów County
Hrubieszów County (Polish: powiat hrubieszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland, on the border with Ukraine. It was established on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Hrubieszów, which lies 104 kilometres (65 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.

The county covers an area of 1,269.40 square kilometres (490.1 sq mi). As of 2019, its total population is 63,320, out of which the population of Hrubieszów is 17,634 and the rural population is 45.686.
Robert 'Dolly' Dunn
Robert Joseph 'Dolly' Dunn (30 January 1941 – 11 July 2009) was an Australian convicted child molester. He was a school teacher by profession, working for the Marist Brothers, a Catholic religious order.

Dunn taught science at Marist Catholic College Penshurst from 1971 to 1987. He was initially sentenced to 30 years imprisonment in 2001, but this was reduced on appeal to 20 years with an 18-year non-parole period for 24 sexual offences against boys aged seven to 15 occurring between 1985 and 1995, and three drug charges.

Marist Brothers
The Marist Brothers of the Schools, commonly known as simply the Marist Brothers, is an international community of Catholic religious institute of brothers. In 1817, Marcellin Champagnat, a Marist priest from France, founded the Marist Brothers with the goal of educating young people, especially those most neglected. While most of the brothers minister in school settings, others work with young people in parishes, religious retreats, spiritual accompaniment, at-risk youth settings, young adult ministry, and overseas missions. Since the 2010s, several instances of sexual abuse within Marist-run institutions have been reported in Chile, Australia, and New Zealand.
Indra Angad-Gaur
Indra Angad-Gaur (born 4 March 1974 in The Hague) is a retired female foil fencer from the Netherlands.

During her career she won three bronze medals in Fencing World Cup events: at Shanghai and Cairo in the 2004–05 season, and at Leipzig in the 2007–08 season. She also qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics in which she won against Egyptian Eman El Gammal in the first round before being eliminated by Italy's Margherita Granbassi in the second round.

She retired from international competition in 2010. She is now an international referee in the three weapons.

Fencing World Cup
The Fencing World Cup is an international fencing competition held by the International Fencing Federation. In each weapon (Men's and Women's Épée, Sabre and Foil), three Grand Prix, five World Cup events and several satellite events are contested each season. The five top results as well as the Olympic Games or World Fencing Championships and zonal championships results are taken into account for each fencer's rankings. For teams, up to five World Cup events are held each year. The four top results as well as the Olympic Games or World Fencing Championships and zonal championships are taken into account for each country's rankings.
Bonifasius Belawan Geh
Bonifasius Belawan Geh (born (1962-09-17)17 September 1962), also known popularly as "Mr. Boni", is an Indonesian businessman and politician who is currently serving as the regent of Mahakam Ulu. He is the first elected to the regency since its creation, after the separation of the regency from West Kutai, having previously been led by two acting regents. As regent, he initiated several infrastructure programs in the region, including the first asphalt-sealed road in the regency to alleviate the region's remoteness.

West Kutai Regency
West Kutai Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Kutai Barat) is a regency (kabupaten) in the Indonesian province of East Kalimantan. It previously covered a much greater area, with a population of 165,091 at the 2010 Census, but on 11 January 2013 the five northernmost districts were split off to form a new Mahakam Ulu Regency; the residual area of West Kutai Regency is 20,384.6 km2, and it had a population of 140,097 at the 2010 Census, and 165,938 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 186,581 (comprising 98,069 males and 88,512 females). The town of Sendawar is the administrative capital.
Brian Lumley
Brian Lumley (2 December 1937 – 2 January 2024) was an English author of horror fiction. He came to prominence in the 1970s writing in the Cthulhu Mythos created by American writer H. P. Lovecraft but featuring the new character Titus Crow. He went on to greater fame in the 1980s with the best-selling Necroscope series, initially centered on character Harry Keogh, who can communicate with the spirits of the dead.

Cthulhu Mythos
The Cthulhu Mythos is a mythopoeia and a shared universe, originating in the works of American horror writer H. P. Lovecraft. The term was coined by August Derleth, a contemporary correspondent and protégé of Lovecraft, to describe the settings, tropes, and lore employed by Lovecraft and his literary successors. The name "Cthulhu" derives from the central creature in Lovecraft's seminal short story "The Call of Cthulhu", first published in the pulp magazine Weird Tales in 1928.

Richard L. Tierney, a writer who also wrote Mythos tales, later applied the term "Derleth Mythos" to distinguish Lovecraft's works from Derleth's later stories, which modify key tenets of the Mythos. Authors of Lovecraftian horror in particular frequently use elements of the Cthulhu Mythos.: viii–ix
Søby
Søby is a Danish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Egil Søby (born 1945), Norwegian sprint canoeist

Frode Søby (born 1935), Danish chess master

Nina Søby (born 1956), Norwegian former professional racing cyclist

Søs Søby (born 1991), Danish handballer

Tove Søby (born 1933), Danish sprint canoer

Tove Søby
Tove Goltermann Søby (née Nielsen, born 23 January 1933) is a Danish sprint canoeist who competed in the 1950s.

She won a silver medal in the K-1 500 m event at the 1954 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Mâcon.

She won a bronze medal in the K-1 500 m event at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne behind Yelizaveta Dementyeva from the Soviet Union and Therese Zenz from Germany. Shortly afterwards she retired.
Darkhad dialect
Darkhad (also "Darkhat") is a dialect in-between Central Mongolian and Oirat still variously seen as closer to Oirat or as a dialect of Khalkha Mongolian with some Oirat features. However, it seems to have substantially assimilated to the Khalkha dialect since it first was described by Sanžeev, and some classificational differences seem to be due to what historical (or even ideal) state got classified. Ethnologue reports a population of 24,000 without providing a date. Speakers live mainly in the west of Lake Khövsgöl in the sums Bayanzürkh, Ulaan-Uul and Rinchinlkhümbe in the Khövsgöl Province of Mongolia.

Lake Khövsgöl
Lake Khövsgöl (Mongolian: Хөвсгөл нуур), also referred to as Khövsgöl Sea (Хөвсгөл далай), is a lake in Khövsgöl Province, Mongolia. It is the largest freshwater lake in the country by volume, and the second largest by area after Uvs Lake. It is nicknamed "Mother Sea" (Далай ээж, Dalai eej) in Mongolian.
Christos Socrates Mantzoros
Christos Socrates Mantzoros is a Greek-born American internist-endocrinologist, teacher, and researcher. He is a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School  and an adjunct professor at Boston University School of Medicine. In the past, he has also served as a professor at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

He is certified in internal medicine, endocrinology & metabolism in both Europe and the United States, and serves as the chief of endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism at the VA Boston Healthcare System. Mantzoros is the founding director of human nutrition at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, and editor-in-chief of the journal "Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental".

Mantzoros has served as a board member on the Hellenic College Holy Cross, as well as the ALBA Graduate Business School of the American College of Greece board of trustees.

Lipodystrophy
Lipodystrophy syndromes are a group of genetic or acquired disorders in which the body is unable to produce and maintain healthy fat tissue. The medical condition is characterized by abnormal or degenerative conditions of the body's adipose tissue. A more specific term, lipoatrophy (from Greek  lipo 'fat' and  atrophy 'abnormal or degenerative condition'), is used when describing the loss of fat from one area (usually the face). This condition is also characterized by a lack of circulating leptin which may lead to osteosclerosis. The absence of fat tissue is associated with insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome.
Asteromonadaceae
Asteromonadaceae are a family of algae in the order Chlamydomonadales.

Asteromonadaceae consists of cells that are angular in cross section, with longitudinal ribs. Cells have two or four flagella. They are mostly found in marine or saline habitats, with a few freshwater representatives.

Formerly, genera such as Aulacomonas and Collodictyon have been placed in this family. However, these have been placed in their own family that is phylogenetically very distant from other flagellate groups.

Collodictyon
Collodictyon is a genus of single-celled, omnivorous eukaryotes belonging to the collodictyonids, also known as diphylleids. Due to their mix of cellular components, collodictyonids do not belong to any well-known kingdom-level grouping of that domain and this makes them distinctive from other families. Recent research places them in a new "super-group" called CRuMs together with rigifilids and Mantamonas.
Extreme Networks
Extreme Networks, Inc. is an American networking company based in Morrisville, North Carolina. Extreme Networks designs, develops, and manufactures wired and wireless network infrastructure equipment and develops the software for network management, policy, analytics, security and access controls.

Morrisville, North Carolina
Morrisville is a town located primarily in Wake County, North Carolina, United States (a small portion extends into neighboring Durham County). According to the 2020 census, the population was 29,630. Morrisville is part of the Research Triangle metropolitan region, located midway between the cities of Raleigh and Durham. The Research Triangle region encompasses the Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area. The operational headquarters of Lenovo is located in the municipal limits.
Accumulation: None
Accumulation: None is a compilation of rarities by the American singer-songwriter Bill Callahan, released under his then alias, Smog. It was put out on November 4, 2002, in Europe by Domino Records and a day later in North America by Drag City. The compilation includes the then-new song "White Ribbon."

Domino Recording Company
Domino Recording Company, or simply Domino, is a British independent record label based in London. There is also a wing of the label based in Brooklyn, New York that handles releases in the United States, as well as a German division called Domino Deutschland and a French division called Domino France. In addition, Stephen Pastel presides over the subsidiary label Geographic Music, which releases more 'unusual' music from Britain and outside of the Western world. In 2011, the company announced that it was beginning a book publishing division, The Domino Press.
Steven Ilous
Steven Ilous (born 2 June 1981) is an entrepreneur, director, writer, and producer. He is the leading founder and CEO of The Feature Inc. He is best known for his expertise in computer graphics, virtual production, and visual effects, having worked in the visual effects department on over 18 films, including The Matrix Reloaded, The Matrix Revolutions and The Polar Express.

In early 2015, Ilous's short film Polis won New Regency and Defy Media's PROTOTYPE competition. As a result, he was awarded a first look development deal at New Regency.

The Bloody Beetroots
The Bloody Beetroots is an Italian electronic music project of musician and producer Bob Rifo (also Sir Bob Cornelius Rifo and SBCR, born Simone Cogo). Established in late 2005, the Bloody Beetroots were initially a DJ duo consisting of Bob Rifo and Tommy Tea, who later left in 2012.
Fossano railway station
Fossano railway station (Italian: Stazione di Fossano) is the railway station serving the comune of Fossano, in the Piedmont region of northwestern Italy. It is the junction of the Turin–Savona and Fossano–Cuneo railways.

The station is managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI), while train services are operated by Trenitalia.  Both companies are subsidiaries of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Northwest Italy
Northwest Italy (Italian: Italia nord-occidentale or just Nord-ovest) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first level NUTS region and a European Parliament constituency. Northwest encompasses four of the country's 20 regions:

Aosta Valley

Liguria

Lombardy

Piedmont
Early life of Isaac Newton
The following article is part of a biography of Sir Isaac Newton, the English mathematician and scientist, author of the Principia. It portrays the years after Newton's birth in 1643, his education, as well as his early scientific contributions, before the writing of his main work, the Principia Mathematica, in 1685.

Refraction
In physics, refraction is the redirection of a wave as it passes from one medium to another. The redirection can be caused by the wave's change in speed or by a change in the medium. Refraction of light is the most commonly observed phenomenon, but other waves such as sound waves and water waves also experience refraction. How much a wave is refracted is determined by the change in wave speed and the initial direction of wave propagation relative to the direction of change in speed.

Optical prisms and lenses use refraction to redirect light, as does the human eye. The refractive index of materials varies with the wavelength of light, and thus the angle of the refraction also varies correspondingly. This is called dispersion and allows prisms  and raindrops in rainbows to divide white light into its constituent spectral colors.
Arash (name)
Arash or Arash the Archer (Persian: آرش کمانگیر Āraš-e Kamāngīr) is a heroic archer-figure of Iranian mythology.

Arash is also a common Iranian first name. Variants include Aarash, Aurash, Erash, Eruch,  or Erexsha). Notable persons with the name include:

Zahir Howaida
Zahir Howaida, also spelled as Zahir Huwaida (Pashto/Dari: ظاهر هویدا) (February 28, 1945 – 5 March 2012), was an Afghan musician born into Hazara family in Daikundi. He had been active since the 1960s and his popularity peaked with the hit songs "Kamar Bareek-e-Man" and "Shanidam Az Inja Safar Mikoni." Howaida was renowned for his deep, soulful voice. Almost all his songs were in the Persian language. Aside from singing, he also worked as a radio news anchor, poet, and TV actor. In his later years, he lived a secluded life in Germany and seldom performed until his death there.
Hannaway
Hannaway is a surname of Irish origin that is prevalent throughout the British Isles. Notable people with the surname include:

Jack Hannaway, (1927–2007) English footballer

Owen Hannaway, (1939–2006) Scottish historian

Anne Hannaway, (192?–1992) wife of Gerry Adams Sr. and mother of Irish politician and former President of Sinn Féin Gerry Adams

John Hannaway, (born 1958) Irish senior accountant

Owen Hannaway
Owen Hannaway (8 October 1939 – 21 January 2006) was a Scottish historian of science. He was particularly known for work in the history of chemistry, especially the 1975 book The Chemists and the Word: The Didactic Origins of Chemistry. He was a professor and department chair at Johns Hopkins University.
Sękowski
Sękowski or Seńkowski (feminine: Sękowska, Seńkowski) is a Polish toponymic surname derived form any of locations named Sękowa, Sęków or Sękowo. Outside Poland the surname may be rendered as Sekowski or Senkowski. The Russified form is Senkovsky. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksander Seńkowski (1897–1954), Polish aviator and aviation engineer

Józef Sękowski (1800–1858), Polish-Russian orientalist

Modest Sękowski (1920–1972), Polish activist of the blind cooperative movement

Paweł Sękowski (born 1985), Polish historian

Ray Senkowski

Ron Senkowski

Zbigniew Senkowski

Zbigniew Senkowski
Zbigniew Senkowski (27 October 1955 – 17 October 2022) was a Polish trade unionist and politician.

A member of Solidarity Electoral Action, he served in the Sejm from 1997 to 2001.

Senkowski died in October 2022, at the age of 66.
Order of Ikhamanga
The Order of Ikhamanga is a South African civilian honour that recognises achievements in arts, culture, literature, music, journalism, and sports. Before the order was established on 30 November 2003, such achievements were recognised by the Order of the Baobab. The Order of Ikhamanga is granted by the President of South Africa to South African citizens. Ikhamanga is the Xhosa name for Strelitzia reginae, a flower.

Xhosa language
Xhosa (/ˈkoʊsə/ KOH-sə, Xhosa: [ᵏǁʰôːsa] ⓘ), formerly spelled Xosa and also known by its local name isiXhosa, is a Bantu language, indigenous to Southern Africa and one of the official languages of South Africa and Zimbabwe.

Xhosa is spoken as a first language by approximately 8 million people and as a second language in South Africa, particularly in Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Northern Cape and Gauteng, and also in parts of Zimbabwe and Lesotho. It has perhaps the heaviest functional load of click consonants in a Bantu language (approximately tied with Yeyi), with one count finding that 10% of basic vocabulary items contained a click.
Linnea Svensson
Linnea Johanna Svensson (born 3 February 1999) is a Swedish footballer who plays as a defender for Malmö FF in the Swedish Division 1. She has also played for the Swedish youth national teams, several times.

Malmö FF (women)
Malmö Fotbollförening (Swedish: [ˈmâlːmøː ˈfûːtbɔlːfœˌreːnɪŋ]), commonly known as Malmö FF ([ˈmâlːmøː ɛfɛf]), Malmö, or MFF ([ɛmɛfɛf]), are a women's association football team from Malmö, who compete in the Damallsvenskan, the highest level of women's football in Sweden. Formed on 26 November 2019 and affiliated with the Scania Football Association, Malmö FF are based in Malmö, Scania.