hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Dakota v. Fifteen Impounded Cats
South Dakota v. Fifteen Impounded Cats, 785 N.W.2d 272 (S.D. 2010), is a 2010 Supreme Court of South Dakota civil forfeiture case brought by the U.S. state of South Dakota against fifteen cats that they had seized on the grounds of interfering with a driver's visibility. The seizure was challenged by the owner of the cats and the court found on a 3–2 majority that the seizure was lawful because of the risk to pedestrians as well as to the cats.

The form of the styling of this case – the defendant being animals (fifteen cats), rather than a legal person – is because this is a jurisdiction in rem (power over objects) case, rather than the more familiar in personam (over persons) case.

Asset forfeiture
Asset forfeiture or asset seizure is a form of confiscation of assets by the authorities. In the United States, it is a type of criminal-justice financial obligation. It typically applies to the alleged proceeds or instruments of crime. This applies, but is not limited, to terrorist activities, drug-related crimes, and other criminal and even civil offenses.  Some jurisdictions specifically use the term "confiscation" instead of forfeiture. The alleged purpose of asset forfeiture is to disrupt criminal activity by confiscating assets that potentially could have been beneficial to the individual or organization. Asset forfeiture was found to generally increase with the percentage of the assets retained depending on electoral incentives.
2019 Nigerian Senate elections in Yobe State
The 2019 Nigerian Senate election in Yobe State was held on February 23, 2019, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Yobe State. Ibrahim Mohammed Bomai representing Yobe South, Ibrahim Gaidam representing Yobe East and Ahmad Lawan representing Yobe North all won on the platform of All Progressives Congress.

Ibrahim Mohammed Bomai
Ibrahim Mohammed Bomai Listenⓘ (born 10 February 1960) is a Nigerian politician. He currently serves as the Senator representing Yobe South Senatorial District in the 10th National Assembly. He was initially elected in 2019 and was reelected in the 2023 Yobe South Senatorial District Election.
Sherwood Cryer
Charley Sherwood Cryer (September 2, 1927 – August 13, 2009) was an American entrepreneur. After forming a partnership with Mickey Gilley, Cryer became co-owner of Gilley's, a Pasadena, Texas-based western nightclub and bar.

Debra Winger
Mary Debra Winger (born May 16, 1955) is an American actress. She starred in the films An Officer and a Gentleman (1982), Terms of Endearment (1983), and Shadowlands (1993), each of which earned her a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress. Winger won the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress for Terms of Endearment, and the Tokyo International Film Festival Award for Best Actress for A Dangerous Woman (1993).

Winger's other films include Urban Cowboy (1980), Legal Eagles (1986), Black Widow (1987), Betrayed (1988), The Sheltering Sky (1990), Forget Paris (1995), and Rachel Getting Married (2008). In 2012, she made her Broadway debut in the original production of David Mamet's play The Anarchist. Winger starred in the Netflix original television series The Ranch from 2016 to 2020. She received a lifetime achievement award at the Transilvania International Film Festival in 2014.
Cincta
Cincta is an extinct class of echinoderms that lived only in the Middle Cambrian epoch. Homostelea is a junior synonym. The classification of cinctans is controversial, but they are probably part of the echinoderm stem group.

Cinctans were sessile, asymmetrical animals with a skeleton made of stereom plates and a racquet-shaped body composed of a theca and stele. They may have had a lifestyle similar to modern tunicates, filter-feeding by pumping water through gill slits in their pharynx.

Crown group
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. It is thus a way of defining a clade, a group consisting of a species and all its extant or extinct descendants. For example, Neornithes (birds) can be defined as a crown group, which includes the most recent common ancestor of all modern birds, and all of its extant or extinct descendants.

The concept was developed by Willi Hennig, the formulator of phylogenetic systematics, as a way of classifying living organisms relative to their extinct relatives in his "Die Stammesgeschichte der Insekten",
and the "crown" and "stem" group terminology was coined by R. P. S. Jefferies in 1979. Though formulated in the 1970s, the term was not commonly used until its reintroduction in 2000 by Graham Budd and Sören Jensen.
Kyejong station
Kyejŏng station is a railway station located in Kyejŏng-ri, Kŭmch'ŏn County, North Hwanghae province, North Korea. It is on located on the P'yŏngbu Line, which was formed from part of the Kyŏngŭi Line to accommodate the shift of the capital from Seoul to P'yŏngyang; though this line physically connects P'yŏngyang to Pusan via Dorasan, in operational reality it ends at Kaesŏng due to the Korean Demilitarized Zone.

North Hwanghae Province
North Hwanghae Province (Hwanghaebuk-to; Korean pronunciation: [ɸwa̠ŋ.ɦɛ.buk̚.t͈o̞], lit. "north Yellow Sea province") is a province of North Korea.  The province was formed in 1954 when the former Hwanghae Province was split into North and South Hwanghae.  The provincial capital is Sariwon.  The province is bordered by Pyongyang and South Pyongan to the north, Kangwon to the east, Kaesong Industrial Region and South Korea's Gyeonggi Province to the south, and South Hwanghae southwest.  In 2003, Kaesong Directly Governed City (Kaesong Chikhalsi) became part of North Hwanghae as Kaepung County. Later on in 2019, it was promoted as Special City (Kaesong T'ŭkpyŏlsi). Thus, it was separated from North Hwanghae.
Cardinal Stadium (Washington, D.C.)
Cardinal Stadium is a 3,500-seat multi-purpose stadium in Washington, D.C. The stadium is located on the campus of the Catholic University of America, and is home to the Catholic University Cardinals football and field hockey teams. For the pandemic-shortened 2020 season, it was the home of Old Glory DC of Major League Rugby.

Cardinal Stadium opened in 1985 after Brookland Stadium was closed down. Cardinal Stadium is a 15-minute walk from the Brookland–CUA Station on the Washington Metro Red Line.

The stadium has a synthetic FieldTurf surface, installed in 2006 and renewed in 2016, and a Daktronics scoreboard, installed in 2007. Bleachers are located on the eastern side of the stadium, and are separated from the playing field by an eight-lane track.

Brookland–CUA station
Brookland–CUA station is a Washington Metro station in Washington, D.C., on the Red Line. Service began on February 6, 1978. The station serves the Brookland neighborhood and the Catholic University of America (CUA). It is the focal point of an upcoming transit-oriented development project.
Jalpachilaune
Jalpachilaune (ward no. 16) is a populated place located in Triyuga municipality of Udayapur District in Province No. 1 of Nepal. At the time of 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 3,864 people living in 807 individual households.

Previously, Jalpachilaune was a separate village development committee in Udayapur District of Sagarmatha Zone in Eastern Region of Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2,775 people living in 495 individual households.

Fulfilling the requirement of the new Constitution of Nepal 2015, MoFALD replaced all old VDCs and Municipalities into 753 new local level body (Municipality), thus Khanbu was merged with Triyuga Municipality.

Sagarmatha Zone
Sagarmāthā Zone (Nepali: सगरमाथा अञ्चल, [sʌgʌrmatʰa ʌnt͡sʌl] ⓘ "Sagarmāthā Anchal") was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructuring of zones into provinces. The headquarters of Sagarmatha is Rajbiraj. Sagarmāthā is a Nepali word which as per some sources, is derived from सगर ("sagar", sky) and माथा ("māthā", head).

It includes mountain districts of the Himalayas (including the world's highest peak Mount Everest) in the north, hill districts in the center, and valley districts of the Terai in the south. It is bordered by China to the north, India to the south, the Kosi Zone to the east and the Janakpur Zone to the west.
Razdolnoye, Jewish Autonomous Oblast
Razdolnoye (Russian: Раздольное) is a rural locality (a selo) in Birobidzhansky District, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia. Population:  327 (2010 census); 265 (2002 census);  There are 36 streets in this selo.

Birobidzhansky District
Birobidzhansky District  (Russian: Биробиджа́нский райо́н, Yiddish: ביראָבידזשאַן סקי דיסטריקט) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the five in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the autonomous oblast. The area of the district is 4,442.56 square kilometers (1,715.28 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Birobidzhan (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 11,907 (2010 Census);  13,018 (2002 census); 15,437 (1989 Soviet census).
State road D.977 (Turkey)
The D.977 is a 6 km (3.7 mi) long state road in Iğdır Province in Turkey. The route runs from the closed border checkpoint with Armenia, south to the intersection with the D.080. The route originally continued into Armenia, via the Մ3, until 3 April 1993 when Turkey and Armenia closed their borders. Since the border closure, the road has continued to serve small settlements in the vicinity.

Turkish State Highway System
The State Highways of the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Yolları) are an integrated network of highways and roads in Turkey, consisting of a numbered grid spanning across the country. They are more commonly called State roads (Turkish: Devlet yolu) and are the primary road network in Turkey. The network is mostly maintained by the General Directorate of Highways (KGM), except for within large cities (Turkish: Büyükşehir) where the respective city municipality assumes responsibility.

In the early 21st century, the network was greatly expanded to accommodate four-lane highways throughout the country. As of 2021, 19,790 km (12,300 mi) of the total 30,974 km (19,246 mi) system are four-lane highways.
Alexander McDonnell (chess player)
Alexander McDonnell (1798–1835), sometimes spelled MacDonnell, was an Irish chess master, who contested a series of six matches with the world's leading chess player Louis-Charles Mahé de La Bourdonnais in 1834.

Chess title
A chess title is a title regulated by a chess governing body and bestowed upon players based on their performance and rank. Such titles are usually granted for life. The international chess governing body FIDE grants several titles, the most prestigious of which is Grandmaster; many national chess federations also grant titles such as National Master. More broadly, the term "master" can refer to any highly skilled chess player.
Oleg Grigoriyevich Kononenko
Oleg Grigoriyevich Kononenko (16 August 1938 – 8 September 1980) was a member of Soviet cosmonaut group LII-1. He was born in the village of Samarskoye, in Rostov, Russia, then part of the Soviet Union. He graduated from Zhukovsky Air Force Institute in 1975. On 12 July 1977, he was selected for cosmonaut training as a pilot of the Buran space shuttle. He survived an aircraft ejection on the Soviet aircraft carrier Minsk on 27 December 1979.
Kononenko was married three times and had four children. He was killed on 8 September 1980, in the crash of a Yakovlev Yak-38 VTOL fighter on takeoff from the Minsk in the South China Sea.

Yakovlev Yak-38
The Yakovlev Yak-38 (Russian: Яковлев Як-38; NATO reporting name: "Forger") was Soviet Naval Aviation's only operational VTOL strike aircraft in addition to being its first operational carrier-based fixed-wing aircraft. It was developed specifically for, and served almost exclusively on, the Kiev-class aircraft carriers (heavy aviation cruiser in Soviet classification).
Williams River bridge, Clarence Town
The Williams River bridge, Clarence Town is a heritage-listed road bridge that carries Limeburners Creek Road across the Williams River located in Clarence Town, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by the New South Wales Public Works Department and built by J. K. McKenzie. The property is owned by Transport for NSW. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 20 June 2000.

Transport for NSW
Transport for NSW (TfNSW) is a New South Wales Government transport services and roads agency established on 1 November 2011. The agency is a different entity to the NSW Department of Transport, which is a department of the state government of New South Wales, and the ultimate parent entity of Transport for NSW.

The agency's function is to build transport infrastructure and manage transport services in New South Wales. Since absorbing Roads and Maritime Services (RMS) in December 2019, the agency is also responsible for building and maintaining road infrastructure, managing the day-to-day compliance and safety for roads and waterways and vehicle and driving license registrations.

The agency reports to the New South Wales Minister for Transport, Minister for Roads and the Minister for Regional Transport. The ministers are accountable to the Parliament of New South Wales.
Mulga to Mangoes
Mulga to Mangoes is the eleventh studio album by Australian country music artist John Williamson. The album was released in August 1994 and peaked at number 14 on the ARIA Charts and was certified gold.

At the Country Music Awards of Australia in January 1996, the album won 'Top Selling Album'.

Country Music Association of Australia
The Country Music Association of Australia (CMAA) is an association formed in 1992 that promotes and represents the Australian country music industry. As the peak national industry body, its activities include organisation, promotion and staging of the CMAA Country Music Awards of Australia, CMAA Australian College of Country Music, CMAA College Graduation Concert, CMAA Australian Country Music Achiever Awards, CMAA Golden Guitar Winners' Concerts and the CMAA Australian National Bluegrass Championship. Additionally the association is involved in industry research, professional development and promotion. In January 2018, Dan Biddle took over as chair of the association.
Delaware Route 17
Delaware Route 17 (DE 17) is a two-lane undivided state highway located in Sussex County, Delaware. The route runs in a northeast-southwest direction between DE 54 in Selbyville and DE 26 west of Millville, crossing DE 20 in Roxana. It is called Bethany Road within Selbyville and Roxana Road for the remainder of its length. The route passes through rural areas of southeastern Sussex County. DE 17 serves to connect Selbyville with the Bethany Beach area. The route was built as a state highway in the 1920s and received the DE 17 designation by 1938.

Bethany Beach, Delaware
Bethany Beach is an incorporated town in Sussex County, Delaware, United States. As of the 2020 census, Bethany Beach had a population of 954. However, during the summer months some 15,000 more populate the town as vacationers. It is part of the Salisbury, MD-DE Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Bethany Beach, South Bethany and Fenwick Island are popularly known as "The Quiet Resorts". Contributing to Bethany Beach's reputation as a "quiet" place is the presence of Delaware Seashore State Park immediately to the north of the town.

Despite its small size, Bethany Beach contains the usual attractions of a summer seaside resort, including the short Joseph Olson Boardwalk, a broad, sandy beach, motels, restaurants, and vacation homes.  Because Bethany Beach does not sit on a barrier island, residential areas continue some distance to the west of the town's limits.
Gerhard Fischer (bobsleigh)
Gerhard "Bibo" Fischer was a German bobsledder who competed in the 1930s. He won five medals at the FIBT World Championships with one gold (Two-man: 1938), three silvers (Two-man: 1931, 1939, Four-man: 1937), and one bronze (Four-man: 1938).

FIBT World Championships 1939
The FIBT World Championships 1939 took place in St. Moritz, Switzerland (Two-man) and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy (Four-man). St. Moritz hosted the two-man event for the second time after hosting it previously in 1938, along with hosting the four-man event in 1931, 1935, and 1937. Cortina d'Ampezzo hosted the two-man event previously in 1937. It was the last world championships that would be held prior to World War II and the last that would be held with bobsleigh events in separate locations until 2000 when the two-woman event debuted that year.
Obarenes Mountains
The Obarenes Mountains (Spanish: Montes Obarenes) is a mountain range in northern Spain.

The range has an approximate length of 30 km, and an average altitude of 800 and 900 meters. It extends from Hoces del Ebro in Sobrón (Burgos and Álava provinces) to the Conchas de Haro in La Rioja province, where the Ebro River separates it from the Cantabrian Mountains.

Sobrón
Sobrón is a hamlet and concejo in the municipality of Lantarón, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain. Sobrón was the site of a spa resort between 1858 and 1936. Despite attempts to reopen it, it remains abandoned.
Thomas Farrow
Thomas Farrow (March 8, 1833 – April 15, 1916) was a Canadian merchant and political figure. He represented Huron North in the House of Commons of Canada as a Liberal Conservative from 1872 to 1882 and Huron East as a Conservative member from 1882 to 1887.

He was born in Mumby, Lincoln County, England, the son of Martin Farrow, was educated there and came to Canada West in 1849. In 1858, he married Mary McDonald. He served as superintendent of schools for Wawanosh, Morris and Turnberry townships in Huron County for several years. Farrow was defeated by Peter Macdonald in his bid for reelection in 1887. He died in Collingwood at the age of 83.

Collingwood, Ontario
Collingwood is a town in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada. It is situated on Nottawasaga Bay at the southern point of Georgian Bay. Collingwood is well known as a tourist destination, for its skiing in the winter, and limestone caves along the Niagara Escarpment in the summer.
Litchfield and Madison Railway
The Litchfield and Madison Railway (reporting mark LM) was a Class I railroad in Illinois in the United States.  Its nickname was the St. Louis Gateway Route.  The railroad operated 44 miles (71 km) of track from its creation in 1900 until it was absorbed by the Chicago and North Western Railway in 1958.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Select Stakes (United States)
The Select Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Monmouth Park Racetrack in Oceanport, New Jersey. First run in 1883, the race is open to three-year-olds and is run over a distance of six furlongs on dirt.

Among the notable winners of the Select are Champions Sheilas Reward in 1950, Decathlon in 1956, Nadir in 1958. Shecky Greene in 1973, Gallant Bob in 1975  plus in 1979, the Florida-bred Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame inductee, Bold Ruckus.

Eclipse Award
The Eclipse Award is an American Thoroughbred horse racing award named after the 18th-century British racehorse and sire, Eclipse.

An Eclipse Award Trophy is presented to the winner in each division. The trophy is made by a few small selected American foundries with expertise in studio bronze casting. It is then mounted on the hand-crafted native Kentucky walnut base to comprise the Eclipse Award on which a brass plate recites the award winner.

The equivalent award in Australia is the Australian Thoroughbred racing awards, in Canada the Sovereign Awards, and in Europe, the Cartier Racing Awards.
Birker Fell
Birker Fell, also known as Birker Moor, is an upland wilderness area in the western portion of the Lake District National Park, in Cumbria, England. Rather than being formed of one single high peak, the fell is a broad, undulating area, approximately 6 km square, with numerous crags and prominences scattered across its area. The highest point of the fell is at Green Crag (489m, grid reference SD200983). The fell is bordered by the Duddon Valley to the south-east, Ulpha Fell to the south-west, Harter Fell to the north-east, and Eskdale to the north-west.

One small hamlet, Birkerthwaite (grid reference SD179982), lies in a shallow valley near the centre of the fell, but other than this the only human habitations are scattered hill farms. A road crosses the fell between Eskdale Green and Ulpha, in the Duddon Valley.

Fell
Fell (from Old Norse: fell, "mountain → landscape over the tree line"; cf.  Icelandic: fell, Norwegian: fjell, Swedish: fjäll) is a high and barren landscape feature, such as a mountain or moor-covered hill, often mountain landscape over the tree line, etc. The term is most often employed in Fennoscandia, Iceland, the Isle of Man, parts of northern England, and Scotland.
Samuel Alex
Samuel Alex also known as Sam Alex is an American radio and TV personality. He is the host of the radio program "The Sam Alex Show" which is syndicated by the Sun Broadcast Group. Alex is a Special Correspondent for the American syndicated entertainment television news magazine show Celebrity Page.

Celebrity Page
Celebrity Page (formerly OK!TV, that is based on the magazine of the same name) is an American syndicated entertainment news program.  The series is co-produced with Dotdash Meredith (formerly OK! American parent company American Media), Unconventional Partners, and Trifecta Entertainment & Media. The series premiered on September 9, 2013.

On March 15, 2016, Trifecta announced that the series would be renamed Celebrity Page as a result of changing its partnership from American Media's OK! magazine to Meredith Corporation, which returned to producing content for syndication ten months after the Better Show was canceled. The change took effect on March 28, 2016.
Charles Cox (brewer)
Sir Charles Cox (1660–1729) was an English brewer and Whig Member of Parliament for Southwark from 1695 to 1712. For many years afterwards the MP for Southwark would generally be a brewer.

In 1709 he began to offer German Protestant refugees from the Palatinate ("Palatines") living space in his warehouses. Soon there were nearly fourteen hundred, and the residents of Southwark gave a petition to Parliament to have them removed.

When the Duke of Marlborough returned to the United Kingdom shortly after the death of Queen Anne in 1714, Sir Charles led the procession into London on 16 August [O.S. 5 August] 1714, earning him a place in a satire by Ned Ward. Not long afterwards a fire in his warehouses lost him thousands of pounds. He was appointed High Sheriff of Surrey for 1717–18. He was ruined in the South Sea Bubble of 1720.

In 1734 the case of Lady Cox was heard and it was put on record that he had been a bigamist.

Palatinate (region)
The Palatinate (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Pfalz [pfalts] ⓘ; Palatine German: Palz), or the Rhenish Palatinate (Rheinpfalz), is a historical region of Germany. The Palatinate occupies most of the southern quarter of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz), covering an area of 2,105 square miles (5,450 km2) with about 1.4 million inhabitants. Its residents are known as Palatines (Pfälzer).