hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward Boyle, Baron Boyle of Handsworth
Edward Charles Gurney Boyle, Baron Boyle of Handsworth, CH, PC (31 August 1923 – 28 September 1981), known as Sir Edward Boyle, 3rd Baronet, between 1945 and 1970, was a British Conservative Party politician and Vice-Chancellor of the University of Leeds.

Secretary of State for Education
The secretary of state for education, also referred to as the education secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, responsible for the work of the Department for Education, mainly overseeing education in England. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom. As education is fully devolved to the Scottish Government, Welsh Government and Northern Ireland Executive, the post holder has no jurisdiction or influence in education policy or direction in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

The office holder works alongside the other Education ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for education, and the work of the secretary of state is also scrutinised by the Education Select Committee.

The current education secretary is Bridget Phillipson.
Leonid Babashov
Leonid Ivanovich Babashov (Russian: Леонид Иванович Бабашов; born 31 January 1966, Petrovka, Krasnohvardiiske Raion, Crimea) is a Russian political figure, deputy of the 8th State Duma convocation. After graduating from the Kyiv Civil Engineering Institute in 1995; he started working as an entrepreneur. From 2014 to 2021, he was a deputy of the State Council of Crimea of the 1st and 2nd convocations.

Since September 2021, he has served as a deputy of the 8th State Duma convocation. Despite being a member of the United Russia, he ran as an independent candidate from the Republic of Crimea constituency.

Republic of Crimea (Russia)
The Republic of Crimea is a republic of Russia, comprising most of the Crimean Peninsula, but excluding Sevastopol. Its territory corresponds to the pre-2023 territory of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a de jure subdivision of Ukraine. Russia occupied and annexed the peninsula in 2014, although the annexation remains internationally unrecognized.

The capital and largest city located within its borders is Simferopol, which is the second-largest city on the Crimean Peninsula. As of the 2021 Russian census, the Republic of Crimea had a population of 1,934,630.
Gold Diggers (TV series)
Gold Diggers (Russian: Содержанки, romanized: Soderzhanki), also released as Russian Affairs, is a Russian drama series produced by Yellow, Black and White for START. The series is about kept-women and the rich men they have relations with.  For theater director Konstantin Bogomolov, the first season of the project was his debut in the genre of episodic series.  The streaming series was among the first of its kind in Russia to achieve high ratings. It was sold to Amazon Prime to be distributed under its Originals label in 2019.

It has been compared to Dynasty in the English-speaking press.

Amazon Prime
Amazon Prime (styled as prime) is a paid subscription service of Amazon which is available in many countries and gives users access to additional services otherwise unavailable or available at a premium to other Amazon customers. Founded on February 2, 2005, services include logistics through same, one- or two-day delivery of goods, healthcare through the optional perk of One Medical primary care services, entertainment through streaming music, video, e-books, gaming, and grocery shopping services. In April 2021, Amazon reported that Prime had 200 million subscribers worldwide.
Zelenodolsk, Russia
Zelenodolsk (Russian: Зеленодольск) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Zelenodolsk, Republic of Tatarstan, a town in the Republic of Tatarstan

Rural localities

Zelenodolsk, Orenburg Oblast, a selo in Zelenodolsky Selsoviet of Kvarkensky District in Orenburg Oblast

Zelenodolsk, Sakhalin Oblast, a selo in Anivsky District of Sakhalin Oblast

Orenburg Oblast
Orenburg Oblast (also Orenburzhye) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), mainly located in Eastern Europe, with some land in the southern and eastern portions of the oblast falling within Asia. Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg. From 1938 to 1957, it bore the name Chkalov Oblast in honor of Valery Chkalov. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast had a population of 1,862,767, down from 2,033,072 in the 2010 Census.
2018 NASCAR K&N Pro Series West
The 2018 NASCAR K&N Pro Series West was the sixty-fifth season of the K&N Pro Series West, a regional stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR. It began with the Bakersfield 175 presented by NAPA Auto Parts at Kern County Raceway Park on March 15 and concluded with the NAPA Auto Parts 175 presented by West Coast Stock Car Hall of Fame at Kern County Raceway Park on October 27. Todd Gilliland entered the season as the defending Drivers' champion; however, he did not go for three in a row, because he moved up to the Truck Series in 2018. Derek Thorn, the 2013 West Series champion, won his second championship in his first full season since his first title, 27 points in front of his Sunrise Ford Racing teammate Ryan Partridge, who also returned to the series in 2018 after a year off in 2017.

Todd Gilliland
Todd Jeremey Gilliland (born May 15, 2000) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 34 Ford Mustang Dark Horse for Front Row Motorsports. He is the son of NASCAR driver and Tricon Garage owner David Gilliland.
Ambrosia grayi
Ambrosia grayi, the woollyleaf bur ragweed, is a North American species of plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the west-central part of the Great Plains of the United States, in the states of Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas.

Ambrosia grayi is a perennial herb up to 30 cm (12 inches) tall. Leaves are elliptical or egg-shaped. Flower heads are small and inconspicuous, as the plant is wind-pollinated. The heads develop into spiny burs as the seeds ripen.

Bur
A bur (also spelled burr) is a seed, dry fruit or infructescence that has hooks or teeth. The main function of the bur is to spread the seeds of the bur plant, often through epizoochory. The hooks of the bur are used to latch onto fur or fabric, enabling the bur – which contain seeds – to be transported to another location for dispersal. Another use for the spines and hooks are physical protection against herbivores. Their ability to stick to animals and fabrics has shaped their reputation as bothersome.

Some other forms of diaspores, such as the stems of certain species of cactus also are covered with thorns and may function as burs.

Bur-bearing plants, such as Tribulus terrestris and  Xanthium species, are often single-stemmed when growing in dense groups, but branch and spread when growing singly. The number of burs per fruit along with the size and shape can vary largely between different bur plants.
Tindi language
Tindi is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken in the Russian republic of Dagestan. Tindis have no individual designation for their language, but those living in the village of Idar call their language Idarab mitstsi meaning 'the language of the Idar village'. It is only an oral language; Avar or Russian are used in written communication instead. Tindi vocabulary contains many loanwords from Avar, Turkish, Arabic, and Russian. It has approximately 4,500 speakers.

Loanword
A loanword is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing. Borrowing is a metaphorical term that is well established in the linguistic field despite its acknowledged descriptive flaws: nothing is taken away from the donor language and there is no expectation of returning anything (i.e., the loanword).

Loanwords may be contrasted with calques, in which a word is borrowed into the recipient language by being directly translated from the donor language rather than being adopted in (an approximation of) its original form. They must also be distinguished from cognates, which are words in two or more related languages that are similar because they share an etymological origin in the ancestral language, rather than because one borrowed the word from the other.
Clarence Thomas (American football)
Clarence "Motts" Thomas (October 17, 1945 – February 20, 2011) was an American football coach.  He served as the head football coach at Bowie State University from 1974 to 1975, Morgan State University from 1978 to 1980, and at Pomona-Pitzer in Claremont, California from 1982 to 1993, compiling a career college football coaching record of 52–96–3.

Thomas played college football at Morgan State as a center and linebacker for head coach Earl Banks.  He was an assistant at Morgan State in 1972 under Banks, coaching the defensive line.  In 1973, Thomas was the appointed the head football coach at Montgomery Blair High School in Silver Spring, Maryland, becoming the first African-American head football coach in Montgomery County.

Silver Spring, Maryland
Silver Spring is a census-designated place (CDP) in southeastern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, near Washington, D.C. Although officially unincorporated, it is an edge city with a population of 81,015 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most-populous place in Maryland after Baltimore, Columbia, Germantown, and Waldorf.

Downtown Silver Spring, located next to the northern tip of Washington, D.C., is the oldest and most urbanized area of Silver Spring, surrounded by several inner suburban residential neighborhoods inside the Capital Beltway. Many mixed-use developments combining retail, residential, and office space have been built since 2004.

Silver Spring takes its name from a mica-flecked spring discovered there in 1840 by Francis Preston Blair, who subsequently bought much of the area's surrounding land. Acorn Park, south of downtown, is believed to be the site of the original spring.
Pietro Castrucci
Pietro Castrucci (1679 – 7 March 1752) was an Italian violinist and composer.

Castrucci was born in Rome, where he studied with Arcangelo Corelli; in 1715, he settled in London, where he became known as one of the finest virtuoso violinists of his generation. By 1718 he had become leader of the opera orchestra of George Frideric Handel, a position which he held until 1737, when he was succeeded by the younger John Clegg. In 1739 he became one of the first beneficiaries of the Royal Society of Musicians and was little heard of thereafter, apart from an erroneous report of his death in 1746.

After a benefit concert in Dublin in 1750, he died there of malaria in 1752. Despite being by then a pauper, he was buried with full ceremony in St. Mary's Church, Dublin.

Castrucci was the inventor of the 'violetta marina', which was a variation of the viola d'amore.  Handel wrote obbligati for this instrument.

Viola d'amore
The viola d'amore (pronounced [ˈvjɔːla daˈmoːre, viˈɔːla -]; Italian for 'viol of love') is a 6- or 7-stringed musical instrument with additional sympathetic strings, which was used especially often in the baroque period. It is played under the chin in the same manner as the violin.
Eupithecia placidata
Eupithecia placidata is a moth in the family Geometridae first described by Taylor in 1908. It is found in western North America from British Columbia south to California.

The wingspan is about 20 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from February to October.

The larvae feed on Juniperus scopulorum, Juniperus communis, Thuja plicata, Populus balsamifera trichocarpa, Pinus strobus, Pinus contorta var. latifolia, Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca, Abies lasiocarpa, Tsuga heterophylla and Betula papyrifera.

Tsuga heterophylla
Tsuga heterophylla, the western hemlock or western hemlock-spruce, is a species of hemlock. It typically grows to 70 metres (230 feet) tall and is long-lived at high elevations. Native to the northwest coast of North America, it is a source of timber, tannin, and edible cambium.
James Jessen Badal
James Jessen Badal (born 1943) is an American true crime writer.

He is also an assistant professor in English language and journalism at Cuyahoga Community College. His true crime works include a book about the disappearance of Beverly Potts and three books about the Cleveland Torso Murders case. According to his first book about the latter, In the Wake of the Butcher, he took an interest in the case while still in elementary school, when his teacher of history in the 8th grade gave his class a two-day lecture about the murders. As of 2014, he is working on a book about the unsolved murder of 16-year-old Beverly Jarosz, committed in Garfield Heights, Ohio, in 1964.

Badal resides in Cleveland, Ohio.

Disappearance of Beverly Potts
Beverly Rose Potts (April 15, 1941 – disappeared August 24, 1951) was a ten-year-old American girl who disappeared while walking home from a neighborhood festival event held in a park less than a quarter of a mile from her Cleveland, Ohio home. Despite intense publicity and repeated, exhaustive efforts to locate the girl, both at the time of her disappearance and in more recent decades, no trace of Potts or definitive leads as to the circumstances surrounding her disappearance have ever materialized. Foul play is strongly suspected, although no definitive suspect has ever been identified.

The disappearance of Beverly Potts implemented the largest manhunt to locate a missing person in the history of Cleveland at the time. The case itself is regarded as one of the most infamous missing persons and cold cases in Ohio and has been described by one author as "one of the most haunting and heartbreaking mysteries" in the history of Cleveland.
Meletius II of Constantinople
Meletius II of Constantinople (Greek: Μελέτιος; died 5 January 1780) served as Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople during the period 1768–1769.

He was born in Tenedos. From 1750 until 1768, he served as metropolitan bishop of Larissa and then was elected Ecumenical Patriarch. During the uprising of 1769, he was dismissed and was exiled to Mytilene. In 1775, with permission of the Sultan Abdul Hamid I, he returned to Tenedos and in 1777 to Constantinople, where he died destitute in 1780.

He was probably buried on Tenedos. In the late 20th century, his fragmentary tombstone was discovered in the garden of North Bank, a mansion in Muswell Hill, London, where it may have been taken as a souvenir in the 19th century. In 2013, the stone was returned to Constantinople, in the custody of the Ecumenical Patriarchate.

Mytilene
Mytilene (/ˌmɪtɪˈliːni/; Greek: Μυτιλήνη, romanized: Mytilíni [mitiˈlini] ⓘ) is the capital of the Greek island of Lesbos, and its port. It is also the capital and administrative center of the North Aegean Region, and hosts the headquarters of the University of the Aegean. It was founded in the 11th century BC.

Mytilene is one of the two municipalities on the island of Lesbos, created in 2019; the other is West Lesbos. Mytilene is built on the southeast edge of the island. It is the seat of a metropolitan bishop of the Greek Orthodox Church.
Mbabaram language
Mbabaram (Barbaram) is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language of north Queensland. It was the traditional language of the Mbabaram people. Recordings are held in the Audiovisual Archive of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. R. M. W. Dixon described his hunt for a native speaker of Mbabaram in his book Searching for Aboriginal Languages: Memoirs of a Field Worker. Most of what is known of the language is from Dixon's field research with speaker Albert Bennett.

Yidiny language
Yidiny (also spelled Yidiɲ, Yidiñ, Jidinj, Jidinʲ, Yidinʸ, Yidiń [ˈjidiɲ]) is a nearly extinct Australian Aboriginal language, spoken by the Yidinji people of north-east Queensland. Its traditional language region is within the local government areas of Cairns Region and Tablelands Region, in such localities as Cairns, Gordonvale, and the Mulgrave River, and the southern part of the Atherton Tableland including Atherton and Kairi.
Emraclidine
Emraclidine (developmental code names CVL-231, PF-06852231) is an investigational antipsychotic for the treatment of both schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease psychosis developed by Cerevel Therapeutics. On November 11, 2024, AbbVie announced that phase 2 clinical trials did not show an improvement in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total scores from baseline when compared to the placebo group.

Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a medical scale used for measuring symptom severity of patients with schizophrenia.  It was published in 1987 by Stanley Kay, Lewis Opler, and Abraham Fiszbein. It is widely used in the study of antipsychotic therapy. The scale is the "gold standard" for evaluating the effects of psychopharmacological treatments.

The name refers to the two types of symptoms in schizophrenia, as defined by the American Psychiatric Association: positive symptoms, which refer to an excess or distortion of normal functions (e.g., hallucinations and delusions), and negative symptoms, which represent a diminution or loss of normal functions. Some of these functions which may be lost include normal thoughts, actions, ability to tell fantasies from reality, and the ability to properly express emotions.

The PANSS is a relatively brief interview, requiring 45 to 50 minutes to administer. The interviewer must be trained to a standardized level of reliability.
Canadian Young Judaea
Canadian Young Judaea (Hebrew: יְהוּדָה‬ הַצָעִיר‬ קָנָדָה, Yehuda HaTza'ir Canada) is the largest Zionist youth movement in Canada. The movement was founded as the youth wing of Canadian Hadassah-WIZO and the Zionist Organization of Canada in 1917, and is affiliated with HaNoar HaTzioni. Young Judaea operates five Jewish summer camps across Canada.

Mont-Tremblant
Mont-Tremblant (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃ tʁɑ̃blɑ̃]) is a city in the Laurentian Mountains of Quebec, Canada, approximately 130 kilometres (81 mi) northwest of Montreal and 140 kilometres (87 mi) northeast of Ottawa, Ontario. The current municipality with city status was formed in 2000. Mont-Tremblant is most famous for its ski resort, the Mont-Tremblant Ski Resort, which is seven kilometres from the village proper, at the foot of a mountain called Mont Tremblant (derived from local Algonquins who referred to it as the "trembling mountain").

Mont-Tremblant has a race track called Circuit Mont-Tremblant. It has hosted or currently hosts Formula One, Can-Am, Trans-Am, and Champ Car World Series competitions and Ironman triathlon, Quebec.

The surrounding area also features hiking, cycling, canoeing, fishing, golfing, ziplines, tennis, running, go-karting, and a host of other outdoor activities.
Servigliano prison camp
Servigliano prison camp began as a POW camp for Austrian soldiers of World War I. Following Italy's entry to World War II, the fascist government used it as a concentration camp for civilian and military prisoners between October 1940 to September 1943. The Italian Social Republic later converted it into a deportation camp for Jews between October 1943 and June 1944.

After World War II the camp was converted into a refugee camp for people coming from Istria, Libya and Ethiopia. It ceased to operate in 1955 and in 1970 it was finally dismantled.

Istria
Istria (/ˈɪstriə/ IST-ree-ə; Croatian and Slovene: Istra; Italian and Venetian: Istria; Istriot: Eîstria; Istro-Romanian: Istria; Latin: Histria; Ancient Greek: Ἱστρία) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. Located at the top of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Kvarner Gulf, the peninsula is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy, 90% of its area being part of Croatia. Most of Croatian Istria is part of Istria County.
Harold Michael
Harold K. Michael (October 9, 1943 - ) is an American insurance agent from Moorefield, West Virginia, who has served as a Democratic member of the West Virginia House of Delegates representing what is now the 47th District since 1988.

West Virginia House of Delegates
The West Virginia House of Delegates is the lower house of the West Virginia Legislature in West Virginia. Only three states—Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia—refer to their lower house as the House of Delegates.
Battle of the Ravi Ford
The Battle of the Ravi Ford took place on 12 December 1762 between Afghans and Sikhs on the Ravi River. Ahmad Shah Durrani was seeking to return to Afghanistan after campaigning in the Punjab. While his forces crossed the ford of the Ravi River, they were ambushed by Sikh armies. The Afghans defeated the Sikhs in the engagement and successfully crossed the river.

Ravi River
30°35′N 71°49′E﻿ / ﻿30.583°N 71.817°E﻿ / 30.583; 71.817

The Ravi River is a river in South Asia that flows through northwestern India and eastern Pakistan forming the boundary between the two nations for about 50 miles before travelling westwards across eastern Pakistan. It is one of five major rivers of the Punjab region.

Under the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960, the waters of the Ravi and two other rivers of the Punjab (Sutlej and Beas River) were allocated to India. Subsequently, the Indus Basin Project was developed in Pakistan, which transfers waters from western rivers of the Indus system to replenish the portion of the Ravi River lying in that country. Many inter-basin water transfers, irrigation, hydropower and multipurpose projects have been built in India.
Zuber (surname)
Zuber is a surname of German origin.

The surname Zuber originated from the Middle High German word zuber, meaning  "(two-handled) tub", and thus is an occupational surname used for people working as a cooper or tubmaker.

In some cases, Zuber is a habitational surname derived from the Alemannic German word Zube ("fountain" or "well"), for a person living next to a well or a flowing stream of water.

Cooper (profession)
A cooper is a craftsman who produces wooden casks, barrels, vats, buckets, tubs, troughs, and other similar containers from timber staves that were usually heated or steamed to make them pliable.

Journeymen coopers also traditionally made wooden implements, such as rakes and wooden-bladed shovels. In addition to wood, other materials, such as iron, were used in the manufacturing process. The trade is the origin of the surname Cooper.
Khorat Group
The Khorat Group is a stratigraphic group located within the Khorat Plateau in the Isan region of Thailand. It was first defined as the Khorat Series by Brown et al  in 1953 and was redefined as the Khorat Group by Ward and Bunnag in 1964, which gave it its current constituent formations as well as including the Nam Phong Formation, which is now excluded from the group. Subsequently the sequence underwent several different stratigraphic proposals with several alternative divisions, but the formations proposed in Ward and Bunnag are the most widely used. Initially thought to be Triassic, the sequence has been shown to be of Early Cretaceous in age, Dating from the Berriasian to Aptian. It overlies the Nam Phong Formation and is overlain by the evaporitic deposits of the Maha Sarakham Formation. It consists of continental freshwater deposits largely of alternating sandstones and mudstones. The Group is notable for its fossil content, including those of dinosaurs.

Evaporite
An evaporite (/ɪˈvæpəˌraɪt/) is a water-soluble sedimentary mineral deposit caused by the concentration and crystallization (chemical precipitation) that results when enough of the water solvent evaporates from an aqueous solution. There are two types of evaporite deposits: marine, which can also be described as ocean deposits, and non-marine, which are found in standing bodies of water such as lakes. Evaporites are considered sedimentary rocks and are formed by chemical sediments.