hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
RNA ligase (ATP)
In enzymology, an RNA ligase (ATP) (EC 6.5.1.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + (ribonucleotide)n + (ribonucleotide)m  AMP + diphosphate + (ribonucleotide)n+m. Their three substrates are ATP, (ribonucleotide)n and (ribonucleotide)m, and their three products are AMP, diphosphate and (ribonucleotide)n+m.

These enzymes belong to the family of ligases, specifically those forming phosphoric-ester bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is poly(ribonucleotide):poly(ribonucleotide) ligase (AMP-forming). Other names in common use include polyribonucleotide synthase (ATP), RNA ligase, polyribonucleotide ligase and ribonucleic ligase.

As of late 2007, two structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1VDX and 2C5U.

Ligase
In biochemistry, a ligase is an enzyme that can catalyze the joining (ligation) of two molecules by forming a new chemical bond. This is typically via hydrolysis of a small pendant chemical group on one of the molecules, typically resulting in the formation of new C-O, C-S, or C-N bonds. For example, DNA ligase can join two complementary fragments of nucleic acid by forming phosphodiester bonds, and repair single stranded breaks that arise in double stranded DNA during replication.

In general, a ligase catalyzes the following dehydration reaction, thus joining molecules A and B:

A-OH + B-H → A–B + H2O
Labastide-du-Temple
Labastide-du-Temple (French pronunciation: [labastid dy tɑ̃pl]; Occitan: La Bastida del Temple) is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Occitania region in Southern France. As of 2023, the population of the commune was 1,132.

Tarn-et-Garonne
Tarn-et-Garonne (French: [taʁn e ɡaʁɔn] ⓘ; Occitan: Tarn e Garona [ˈtaɾ e ɣaˈɾunɔ]) is a department in the Occitania region in Southern France. It is traversed by the rivers Tarn and Garonne, from which it takes its name. The area was originally part of the former provinces of Quercy and Languedoc. The department was created in 1808 under Napoleon, with territory taken from the neighbouring Lot, Haute-Garonne, Lot-et-Garonne, Gers and Aveyron departments.

The department is mostly rural with fertile agricultural land in the broad river valley, but there are hilly areas to the south, east and north. The departmental prefecture is Montauban; the sole subprefecture is Castelsarrasin. In 2019, it had a population of 260,669.
Nicolás Dujovne
Nicolás Dujovne (Spanish pronunciation: [nikoˈlas ðuˈxoβne]; born May 18, 1967) is an Argentine economist and former Minister of the Treasury between 2017 and 2019 under the administration of Mauricio Macri.

Ministry of Economy (Argentina)
The Ministry of Economy (Spanish: Ministerio de Economía) of Argentina is the country's state treasury and a ministry of the national executive power that manages economic policy.

The Ministry of Economy is one of the oldest ministries in the Argentine government, having existed continuously since the formation of the first Argentine executive in 1854, in the presidency of Justo José de Urquiza – albeit under the name of Ministry of the Treasury. The current minister responsible is Luis Caputo, who has served since 2023 in the cabinet of Javier Milei.
Alice Macleod
Alice Jessamy Macleod (born 14 May 1994) is an English cricketer who currently plays for Essex. An all-rounder, she is a right-handed batter and right-arm off break bowler. She previously played for Berkshire and Sunrisers, as well as Southern Vipers and Western Storm in the Women's Cricket Super League and Welsh Fire in The Hundred.

All-rounder
An all-rounder is a cricketer who regularly performs well at both batting and bowling. Although all bowlers must bat and quite a handful of batsmen do bowl occasionally, most players are skilled in only one of the two disciplines and are considered specialists. Some wicket-keepers have the skills of a specialist batter and have been referred to as all-rounders, but the term wicket-keeper-batter is more commonly applied to them, even if they are substitute wicket keepers who also bowl.
Elvet Jones
Elfed Lewis "Elvet" Jones MBE (29 April 1912 – 5 October 1989) was a Welsh rugby union whose international career was curtailed due to the outbreak of the Second World War. He played club rugby for Llanelli, and in 1938 he was selected to tour South Africa with the British Isles team.

1938 British Lions tour to South Africa
The 1938 British Isles tour to South Africa was the fourteenth tour by a British Isles team and the sixth to South Africa. The tour is retrospectively classed as one of the British Lions tours, as the Lions naming convention was not adopted until 1950.

The tour party was led by Ireland's Sam Walker and managed by Col. Hartley, and took in 24 matches. Of the 24 games, 19 were against club or invitational teams, three were test matches against the South African national team and the other two games were outside South Africa against Rhodesia. The British Isles lost two and won one of the test matches, and in the non-test games lost five and won sixteen.

Like many of the early Lions parties, the tour did not represent the best of British and Irish rugby talent. Obvious omissions included Wilf Wooller and Cliff Jones.
1981 New Zealand National Soccer League
The 1981 New Zealand National Soccer League was the 12th season of a nationwide round-robin club competition in New Zealand football. Wellington Diamond United won the league for a second time, having previously been champions in 1976. The league was the closest until this point, with only four points separating the top five teams.

Miramar Rangers AFC
Miramar Rangers AFC is a New Zealand association football club in the Wellington suburb of Miramar. The club is one of the most successful in New Zealand, having won the Chatham Cup four times and the National League title twice. Over the last decade the club has played in the Central League and has won the division seven times, most recently in 2020.

In 2004 it became one of the founding principal clubs of the Team Wellington franchise in the ASB Premiership.
The Deer Hunter (novel)
The Deer Hunter is a novelization by the American writer E. M. Corder (a pen name of Jerrold Mundis) based upon the screenplay by Deric Washburn and Michael Cimino of the 1978 war drama film The Deer Hunter, a film that won five Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director.

The novel is set in southern Vietnam, in Pittsburgh and in working-class Clairton, Pennsylvania, a Monongahela River town south of Pittsburgh. The book follows a trio of Rusyn American steel worker friends—Michael "Mike" Vronsky, Steven Pushkov, and Nikanor "Nick" Chevotarevich—both before and during their infantry service in the Vietnam War.

The epigraph is from Ernest Hemingway:

There is no hunting like the hunting of man, and those who have hunted armed men long enough and liked it, never care for anything else thereafter.

Rusyn Americans
Rusyn Americans (Rusyn: Русиньскы Америчаны), also known as Carpatho-Rusyn Americans, are Americans with ancestors that were Rusyns, from Carpathian Ruthenia or neighboring areas of Central Europe. However, some Rusyn Americans identify as Ukrainian Americans, Russian Americans, or even Slovak Americans.

They are sometimes also referred to as Carpatho-Ruthenian Americans or Carpatho-Russian Americans; however, terms based on Ruthenian or Russian designations are often viewed as imprecise, since they have several wider meanings, related to their diverse historical, religious and ethnic uses and scopes, that were encompassing various East Slavic groups.

Since the Revolutions of 1989, there has been a revival in Rusyn nationalism and self-identification in both Carpathian Ruthenia and among the Rusyn diaspora in other parts of Europe and North America.
Monilinia rubi
Monilinia rubi is a species of fungus in the family Sclerotiniaceae. The species is a plant pathogen causing "dry berry disease" of caneberries. The species was formerly known by the invalidly published name Rhizoctonia rubi.

Plant disease
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrates, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues and causing injury that may admit plant pathogens. The study of plant disease is called plant pathology.
Brandon Schneider
Brandon Schneider (born December 4, 1971) is an American college women's basketball coach at the University of Kansas. Schneider was previously the head coach, from 2010 to 2015, for Stephen F. Austin State University, and from 1998 to 2010 at Emporia State University, an NCAA Division II school located in Emporia, Kansas, where he led the team to the 2010 National Championship.

Emporia, Kansas
Emporia is a city in and the county seat of Lyon County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 24,139.  Emporia lies between Topeka and Wichita at the intersection of highways K-99, U.S. Route 50, Interstates 335 and 35 (Kansas Turnpike).  It is home to Emporia State University and Flint Hills Technical College, and two annual sporting events: Unbound Gravel (gravel bicycle race) and Dynamic Discs Open (disc golf tournament).
Parkton Hotel
Parkton Hotel is a historic hotel located at Parkton, Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. It is a 3+1⁄2-story brick structure, five bays wide by three bays deep, constructed between 1850 and 1860. The hotel features a two-tiered, shed-roofed gallery which wraps around the south gable end. A two-story, two-bay, shed-roofed frame addition dating from 1884 extends to the rear of the brick block.

The Parkton Hotel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Parkton, Maryland
Parkton is an agrarian unincorporated area in the northern part of Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. It borders southern York County, Pennsylvania, which forms part of the Mason–Dixon line. The area is mostly agricultural in nature with corn, soy beans, and other industrial use crops being the major plants grown.

Approximately 6,600 people live within ZIP Code 21120.
Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management
The Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering policy and decision-making relating to environmental assessment in the broadest sense. The focus of the journal is on policy, procedures and law covering project and policy formulation, development and implementation, public participation, and the institutional basis for environmental assessment. The journal was established in 1999 and is published by World Scientific Publishing. The editor-in-chief is Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary (Tokai University).

World Scientific
World Scientific Publishing is an academic publisher of scientific, technical, and medical books and journals headquartered in Singapore. The company was founded in 1981. It publishes about 600 books annually, with more than 170 journals in various fields. In 1995, World Scientific co-founded the London-based Imperial College Press together with the Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine.
James Renney
James Renny, D.D. (died 26 July 1894) was a bishop of the Reformed Episcopal Church in England. He was consecrated as bishop for the Free Church of England on 24 June 1892 at Emmanuel Church, Gunnersbury, London.

Free Church of England
The Free Church of England (FCE) is an Episcopal Church based in England. The church was founded when a number of congregations separated from the established Church of England in the middle of the 19th century.

The doctrinal basis of the FCE, together with its Episcopal structures, organisation, worship, ministry and ethos are recognisably Anglican although it is not a member of the Anglican Communion. Its worship style follows that of the Book of Common Prayer or conservative modern-language forms that belong to the Anglican tradition.

The Church of England acknowledges the FCE as a church with valid orders and its canons permit a range of shared liturgical and ministerial activities.
Loke, Nova Gorica
Loke (pronounced [ˈloːkɛ]; Italian: Locca) is a dispersed settlement in the Municipality of Nova Gorica in western Slovenia. It is located on the lowest edge of the Vipava Valley, just beneath the high Trnovo Forest Plateau (Slovene: Trnovski gozd). It is a satellite settlement of Kromberk, one of the four suburbs of Nova Gorica.

The local church is dedicated to Mary Magdalene and belongs to the Parish of Kromberk.

Urban Municipality of Nova Gorica
The Urban Municipality of Nova Gorica (pronounced [ˈnɔ̀ːʋa ɡɔˈɾìːtsa] ⓘ; Slovene: Mestna občina Nova Gorica) is a municipality in the traditional region of the Slovene Littoral in western Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the city of Nova Gorica. Nova Gorica became a municipality in 1994. It borders Italy.
Blissymbols
Blissymbols or Blissymbolics is a constructed language conceived as an ideographic writing system called Semantography consisting of several hundred basic symbols, each representing a concept, which can be composed together to generate new symbols that represent new concepts.

Blissymbols differ from most of the world's major writing systems in that the characters do not correspond at all to the sounds of any spoken language.

Semantography was published by Charles K. Bliss in 1949 and found use in the education of people with communication difficulties.

Symbol
A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, relationship, or mathematical formula. Symbols allow people to go beyond what is known or seen by creating linkages between otherwise different concepts and experiences. All communication is achieved through the use of symbols: for example, a red octagon is a common symbol for "STOP"; on maps, blue lines often represent rivers; and a red rose often symbolizes love and compassion. Numerals are symbols for numbers; letters of an alphabet may be symbols for certain phonemes; and personal names are symbols representing individuals. The academic study of symbols is called semiotics.

In the arts, symbolism is the use of a concrete element to represent a more abstract idea. In cartography, an organized collection of symbols forms a legend for a map.
Ken Allen
Kenneth Allen (February 13, 1971 – December 1, 2000) was a male Bornean orangutan at the San Diego Zoo in California, United States. He became one of the most popular animals in the zoo's history because of his many successful escapes from his enclosures. He was nicknamed "The Hairy Houdini".

Ken Allen was born in captivity at the San Diego Zoo in 1971. In 1985, he gained worldwide attention for a series of escapes from his enclosure, which had been thought to be escape-proof. During some of his escapes, his female companions joined him. Ken Allen's ability to outwit his keepers and his docile demeanor during his escapes resulted in fame. He had his own fan club and was the subject of T-shirts and bumper stickers (most reading "Free Ken Allen"). A song about his escapades, "The Ballad of Ken Allen", was written by Dennis Gersten.

Ken Allen developed B-cell lymphoma and was euthanized on December 1, 2000. He was 29 years old.

Lymphoma in animals
Lymphoma (lymphosarcoma) in animals is a type of cancer defined by a proliferation of malignant lymphocytes within solid organs such as the lymph nodes, bone marrow, liver and spleen.  The disease also may occur in the eye, skin, and gastrointestinal tract.
Kakure Rocks
The Kakure Rocks (67°57′S 44°47′E﻿ / ﻿67.950°S 44.783°E﻿ / -67.950; 44.783) are two rocky exposures along the east wall of Shinnan Glacier, at the western extremity of Enderby Land, Antarctica. They were mapped from surveys and air photos by the Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition, 1957–62, and named Kakure-iwa (hidden rocks).

Enderby Land
Enderby Land is a projecting landmass of Antarctica. Its shore extends from Shinnan Glacier at about 67°55′S 44°38′E﻿ / ﻿67.917°S 44.633°E﻿ / -67.917; 44.633 to William Scoresby Bay at 67°24′S 59°34′E﻿ / ﻿67.400°S 59.567°E﻿ / -67.400; 59.567, approximately 1⁄24 of the earth's longitude. It was first documented in western and eastern literature in February 1831 by John Biscoe aboard the whaling brig Tula, and named after the Enderby Brothers of London, the ship's owners who encouraged their captains to combine exploration with sealing.
Vale of Kent
The Vale of Kent, located in Kent, England, is the name given to the broad clay vale between the Greensand Ridge and the High Weald. The area is drained by a number of rivers, including the Beult, Eden, Medway, Stour and River Teise.

Principal settlements in the Vale include Ashford and Tonbridge.

River Medway
The River Medway is a river in South East England. It rises in the High Weald, West Sussex and flows through Tonbridge, Maidstone and the Medway conurbation in Kent, before emptying into the Thames Estuary near Sheerness, a total distance of 70 miles (113 km). About 13 miles (21 km) of the river lies in East Sussex, with the remainder being in Kent.

The Medway has a catchment area of 930 square miles (2,409 km2), the second largest in southern England after the Thames. The map opposite shows only the major tributaries: a more detailed map shows the extensive network of smaller streams feeding into the main river. Those tributaries rise from points along the North Downs, the Weald and Ashdown Forest.
Feudalism in the Channel Islands
From the Middle Ages, the Channel Islands were administered according to a feudal system. Alongside the parishes of Jersey and Guernsey, the fief provided a basic framework for rural life; the system began with the Norman system and largely remained similar to it. Feudalism has retained a more prominent role in the Channel Islands than in the UK. The Channel Islands are remnants of the Duchy of Normandy and are held directly by the Crown on a feudal basis as they are self-governing possessions of the British Crown. This peculiarity underscores the deep-seated influence of feudalism in the Channel Islands; their allegiance is not so much to England but rather directly to the monarch.

Parishes of Guernsey
The Bailiwick of Guernsey includes the island of Guernsey and other islands such as Alderney, Sark, Herm, Jethou, Brecqhou, and Lihou. Each parish was established, probably in the 11th century, as a religious area, each having its parish church. Administratively each parish is now administered by an elected council known as a Douzaine.
Iraj Bashiri
Iraj Bashiri (ایرج بشیری; born July 31, 1940) is professor emeritus of history at the University of Minnesota, United States, and one of the leading scholars in the fields of Central Asian studies and Iranian studies. Fluent in English, Persian, Tajik, and several Turkic languages, Bashiri has been able to study and translate works otherwise inaccessible to the mostly Russian-speaking Central Asian studies community. Bashiri’s career focus started on Iran, and engaged also with Central Asia, notably the Tajik identity and the relations between Tajiks and the Turkic people of Central Asia, namely the Uzbeks.

Iranian languages
The Iranian languages, or the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, mainly in the Iranian Plateau.

The Iranian languages are grouped in three stages: Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE – 900 CE) and New Iranian (since 900 CE). The two directly attested Old Iranian languages are Old Persian (from the Achaemenid Empire) and Old Avestan (the language of the Avesta). Avesta predates Old Iranian language, Old Avestan (c. 1500 – 900 BCE) and Younger Avestan (c. 900 – 400 BCE). Of the Middle Iranian languages, the better understood and recorded ones are Middle Persian (from the Sasanian Empire), Parthian (from the Parthian Empire), and Bactrian (from the Kushan and Hephthalite empires).
Chuck Goggin
Charles Francis Goggin (born July 7, 1945) is a former utility player in Major League Baseball who played with three teams from 1972 to 1974 and is the most decorated Vietnam War veteran to play Major League Baseball.  He played for the Pittsburgh Pirates (1972–73), Atlanta Braves (1973) and Boston Red Sox (1974).

Utility player
In sports, a utility player is one who can play several positions competently. Sports in which the term is often used include association football, basketball, rugby, baseball, softball, ice hockey, and water polo.

The term has gained prominence in all sports due to its use in fantasy leagues, but in rugby union and rugby league, it is commonly used by commentators to recognize a player's versatility.

The use of this term to describe a player may in some circumstances be a backhanded compliment, as it suggests the player is not good enough to be considered a specialist in one position (i.e., a jack of all trades).
Christfried
Christfried is a Germanic masculine given name, composed of the components "Christ" and "fried" (from Old High German fridu meaning peace). Nowadays the name is rarely given. Notable people with this name include:

Christfried Berger (1938–2003), German Protestant theologian

Christfried Böttrich (born 1959), German Protestant theologian

Christfried Burmeister (1898–1965), Estonian speed skater and bandy player

Christfried Ganander (1741–1790), Finnish compiler of folk culture, priest and lexicographer

Christfried Kirch (1694–1740), German astronomer and almanac publisher

Christfried Schmidt (1932–2025), German composer and arrangeur

Michael-Christfried Winkler (born 1946), German organist, conductor and academic teacher

Christfried Burmeister
Christfried Burmeister (later Christfried Puurmeister, 26 May 1898 in Reval,  Estonia – 12 July 1965 in Bradford, England) was an Estonian speed skater and bandy player who competed in the 1928 Winter Olympics.

In 1928 he finished 15th in the 500 metres event, 19th in the 1500 metres event and 24th in the 5000 metres competition.

He was also sent to take part of the speed skating event of the 1924 Winter Olympics in Chamonix but later withdrawn. The message about his withdrawal was not sent by Estonian sports officials to the Olympics organizers so Estonian flag was still represented at the opening ceremony.
Voluntary Flexible Agreement
The Voluntary Flexible Agreement (VFA) was created by the United States Congress in 1998 during a reauthorization of the Higher Education Act of 1965. The VFA enables  Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP) guarantors to develop programs and techniques to help borrowers avoid student-loan default and all of its negative consequences. The VFA objective is experimentation for the purpose of finding the best practices, collecting long-term data, and sharing results in order to determine what benefits schools, students, the federal government, and the American taxpayer. [1]

Federal Family Education Loan Program
The Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program was a system of private student loans which were subsidized and guaranteed by the United States federal government. The program issued loans from 1965 until it was ended in 2010. Similar loans are now provided under the Federal Direct Student Loan Program, which are federal loans issued directly by the United States Department of Education.

The FFEL was initiated by the Higher Education Act of 1965 and was funded through a public/private partnership administered at the state and local level. In 2007-08, FFEL served 6.5 million students and parents, lending a total of $54.7 billion in new loans (or 80% of all new federal student loans). Since 1965, 60 million Americans have used FFEL loans to pay for education expenses. Following the passage of the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 on January 5, 2010 the program was terminated, and no subsequent loans were permitted to be made under the program after June 30, 2010.