hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flora and fauna of Karachi
The flora and fauna of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

Flora is the plant life occurring in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring or indigenous—native plant life. The corresponding term for animal life is fauna. Flora, fauna and other forms of life such as fungi are collectively referred to as biota. Bacterial organisms, algae, and other organisms are sometimes referred to as flora, so that for example the terms bacterial flora and plant flora are used separately.

Fauna is all of the animal life of any particular region or time. The corresponding term for plants is flora. Flora, fauna and other forms of life such as fungi are collectively referred to as biota.

Microbiota
Microbiota are the range of microorganisms that may be commensal, mutualistic, or pathogenic found in and on all multicellular organisms, including plants. Microbiota include bacteria, archaea, protists, fungi, and viruses, and have been found to be crucial for immunologic, hormonal, and metabolic homeostasis of their host.

The term microbiome describes either the collective genomes of the microbes that reside in an ecological niche or else the microbes themselves.

The microbiome and host emerged during evolution as a synergistic unit from epigenetics and genetic characteristics, sometimes collectively referred to as a holobiont. The presence of microbiota in human and other metazoan guts has been critical for understanding the co-evolution between metazoans and bacteria. Microbiota play key roles in the intestinal immune and metabolic responses via their fermentation product (short-chain fatty acid), acetate.
Gold Chain Cowboy
Gold Chain Cowboy is the third studio album by American country music singer Parker McCollum. It was released through MCA Nashville on July 30, 2021. It was produced by Jon Randall.

The album marks McCollum's major-label debut album following the success of his 2020 EP, Hollywood Gold, which was the top-selling debut country EP of that year. The album includes the number one singles "Pretty Heart" and "To Be Loved by You."

Gold Chain Cowboy was noted for its neotraditional style and emotional depth, drawing on McCollum's Texas roots and featuring collaborations with Miranda Lambert, Brian Kelley, and Randy Rogers. It peaked at number six on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 2023.

John Cowan
John Cowan (born August 24, 1953) is an American vocalist and bass guitar player known for working in progressive bluegrass. He was the lead vocalist and bass player for the New Grass Revival. Cowan became the band's bassist in 1972 after the departure of original bassist Ebo Walker and was noted as being the only member of New Grass Revival not to come from a bluegrass background. He was inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame in 2020 as a member of New Grass Revival. He is also known for a longtime association with The Doobie Brothers.
Ust-Kalmanka
Ust-Kalmanka (Russian: Усть-Калманка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Ust-Kalmansky District of Altai Krai, Russia. Population:  6,371 (2010 Census); 6,712 (2002 Census); 6,927 (1989 Soviet census).

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Leonardo Giustiniani
Leonardo Giustiniani (c. 1387 – 10 November 1446) was a Venetian patrician of the Giustiniani family. He served the Republic of Venice as a diplomat and as governor of the Patria del Friuli.

A Renaissance humanist, he made translations from ancient Greek into Latin. He wrote poetry in both Latin and vernacular Italian, some of which he set to music of his own composing. Many letters to and from him are preserved.

Patria del Friuli
The Patria del Friuli (Latin: Patria Fori Iulii, Friulian: Patrie dal Friûl), also known as the Patriarchal State of Aquileia (Italian: Stato patriarcale di Aquileia), was the territory under the temporal (political) rule of the Patriarch of Aquileia, and one of the ecclesiastical states within the Holy Roman Empire. It was created in the second half of the 11th century, and existed up to the first half of the 15th century. As in the case of other ecclesiastical states, its territory was not identical with jurisdictional borders of the Patriarchate of Aquileia. In 1420, the Republic of Venice acquired and consequently annexed the territory, thus depriving the Patriarch of Aquileia of his temporal powers. Under Venetian rule, the region continued to be administered for some time under its own laws and customs.
Cryptancistrus
Cryptancistrus similis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae and the only member of the monotypic genus Cryptancistrus. It is a freshwater fish native to South America, where it occurs in the upper Paru de Oeste River in Brazil. The species reaches 6.2 cm (2.4 inches) in standard length. It was described in 2018 by Sonia Fisch-Muller, Jan Mol (of Anton de Kom University of Suriname), and Raphael Covain (of the University of Geneva) as part of a taxonomic review of the genus Guyanancistrus, which Cryptancistrus was found to be distinct from but closely related to. Its specific epithet, similis, is derived from Latin and references the species' similarity to the species of Guyanancistrus, specifically Guyanancistrus brevispinis.

Freshwater fish
Freshwater fish are fish species that spend some or all of their lives in bodies of fresh water such as rivers, lakes, ponds and inland wetlands, where the salinity is less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine habitats in many ways, especially the difference in levels of osmolarity. To survive in fresh water, fish need a range of physiological adaptations.

41.24% of all known species of fish are found in fresh water. This is primarily due to the rapid speciation that the scattered habitats make possible. When dealing with ponds and lakes, one might use the same basic models of speciation as when studying island biogeography.
Jack Thoney
John Thoney or John Thoeny [Bullet Jack] (December 8, 1879 – October 24, 1948) was an American reserve outfielder / infielder in Major League Baseball who played from 1902 through 1911 for the Cleveland Bronchos (1902–1903), Baltimore Orioles (1902), Washington Senators (1904), New York Highlanders (1904), and Boston Red Sox (1908–1911). Listed at 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m), 175 lb., Thoney batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Fort Thomas, Kentucky.

In a six-season career, Thoney was a .237 hitter (216-for-912) with three home runs and 73 RBI in 264 games, including 112 runs, 23 doubles, 12 triples and 42 stolen bases. He made 225 appearances at left field (97), center field (52), third base (31), right field (15), second base (19), and shortstop (11).

Thoney was born to a family of German descent. He died at the age of 68 in Covington, Kentucky.

Left fielder
In baseball, a left fielder, abbreviated LF, is an outfielder who plays defense in left field. Left field is the area of the outfield to the left of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the left fielder is assigned the number seven.
1974–75 Bahraini Premier League
The Bahraini Premier League is an association football league in Bahrain.

Statistics of Bahraini Premier League in the 1974–75 season.

The basketball league of the same name had its first season in 1974-1975.

Bahraini Premier League (basketball)
The Bahraini Premier League, also known as the Zain Basketball League, is a professional basketball league in Bahrain. The league consists of 11 teams.

Manama Club is the most decorated team in league history, having won 25 titles including for five consecutive seasons, from 2012–13 to 2017–18. Al-Ahli ranks second with 20 national championships.
UTV Action
UTV Action (formerly Bindass Movies) was an Indian pay television movie channel that featured American animated and live-action Hollywood movies in Hindi dub. It also often aired other world cinema. It was based partly in Mumbai. Initially launched as Bindass Movies, a youth-oriented Hindi movie channel, it was later rebranded as UTV Action in 2010 and was replaced by Star Gold Thrills in 2023.

Live action
Live action is a form of cinematography or videography that uses photography instead of animation. Some works combine live action with animation to create a live-action animated feature film. Live action is used to define film, video games or similar visual media.

Photorealistic animation, particularly modern computer animation, is sometimes erroneously described as "live action", as in the case of some media reports about Disney's The Lion King (2019 remake). According to the Cambridge English Dictionary, live action involves "real people or animals, not models, or images that are drawn, or produced by computer".
Bandua
Bandue (previously recorded as Bandua) was a theonym used to refer to a god or goddess worshipped in Iberia by Callaeci and Lusitanians. Whether the name referred to a discrete deity or was an epithet applied to different deities is arguable.

Hispania
Hispania was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula. Under the Roman Republic, it was divided into two provinces: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. During the Roman Empire, under the Principate, Hispania Ulterior was subdivided into Baetica and Lusitania, while Hispania Citerior was reorganized as Hispania Tarraconensis.

Beginning with Diocletian’s Tetrarchy (AD 293), the territory of Tarraconensis was further divided to create the provinces of Carthaginensis and Gallaecia (also called Callaecia, the origin of the name of modern Galicia). All the Hispanic provinces on the mainland, together with the Balearic Islands and the North African province of Mauretania Tingitana, were later organized into the Diocesis Hispaniarum, governed by a vicarius.

The name Hispania was also used in the period of Visigothic rule. The modern place names of Spain and Hispaniola are both derived from Hispania.
German trawler V 605 Arthur Duncker
Arthur Duncker was a German fishing trawler which was built in 1924. She was requisitioned by the Kriegsmarine during the Second World War. She was used as a Vorpostenboot. She struck a mine and sank in August 1944.

Fishing trawler
A fishing trawler is a commercial fishing vessel designed to operate fishing trawls. Trawling is a method of fishing that involves actively dragging or pulling a trawl through the water behind one or more trawlers. Trawls are fishing nets that are pulled along the bottom of the sea or in midwater at a specified depth. A trawler may also operate two or more trawl nets simultaneously (double-rig and multi-rig).

There are many variants of trawling gear. They vary according to local traditions, bottom conditions, and how large and powerful the trawling boats are. A trawling boat can be a small open boat with only 30 horsepower (22 kW) or a large factory ship with 10,000 horsepower (7457 kW). Trawl variants include beam trawls, large-opening midwater trawls, and large bottom trawls, such as "rock hoppers" that are rigged with heavy rubber wheels that let the net crawl over rocky bottom.
1952 Giro d'Italia
The 1952 Giro d'Italia was the 35th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro started off in Milan on 17 May with a 217 km (134.8 mi) flat stage and concluded back in Milan with a 147 km (91.3 mi) relatively flat mass-start stage on 8 June. Sixteen teams entered the race, which was won by Italian Fausto Coppi of the Bianchi team. Second and third respectively were Italian Fiorenzo Magni and Swiss rider Ferdinand Kübler.

Mountains classification in the Giro d'Italia
The Mountains classification in the Giro d'Italia is a secondary classification that is a part of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tour races. In this classification, points are awarded to the leading riders over designated climbs. The climbs are put into different classifications based on difficulty and their position on that day's stage. Bonus points are given to mountain top finishes and to the first riders over the Cima Coppi, traditionally adjudged as the highest point of the entire Giro.

The classification was first calculated in 1933; from 1974 to 2011, the leader of the mountains classification in the Giro d'Italia wore the maglia verde (from Italian: "green jersey"): in 2012, as part of a sponsorship deal, the jersey color was changed to blue (maglia azzurra).
Camp de Tir Olímpic de Mollet
The Camp de Tir Olímpic de Mollet is a firing range located in Mollet del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain. Constructed between June 1990 and April 1992 and located near the Academy of the Police of Catalonia, it hosted the shooting events and the shooting part of the modern pentathlon competitions for the 1992 Summer Olympics.

The competition area covered 342,000 m2 (3,680,000 sq ft).

Modern pentathlon at the 1992 Summer Olympics
The modern pentathlon at the 1992 Summer Olympics was represented by two events (both for men): Individual competition and Team competition. As usual in Olympic modern pentathlon, one competition was held and each competitor's score was included to the Individual competition event results table and was also added to his teammates' scores to be included to the Team competition event results table. This competition consisted of 5 disciplines:

Fencing, held on July 26 at the Palau de la Metal-lúrgia

Swimming, held on July 27 at the Piscines Bernat Picornell

Shooting, held on July 27 at the Camp de Tir Olímpic de Mollet

Running, held on July 28 at Circuit de Cros

Equestrian held on July 29 at the Real Club de Polo
Austin Shofner
Brigadier General Austin Conner Shofner (March 3, 1916 – November 13, 1999) was a United States Marine Corps officer who was captured during the Battle of Corregidor and then part of the only successful escape from a Japanese prisoner of war camp.  He joined the Philippine resistance, and later returned to command units of the Marine Corps in the battles of Peleliu and Okinawa.

2nd Marine Division
The 2nd Marine Division (2nd MARDIV) is a division of the United States Marine Corps, which forms the ground combat element of the II Marine Expeditionary Force (II MEF). The division is based at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina and headquartered at Julian C. Smith Hall.

The 2nd Marine Division earned renown in World War II, distinguishing itself at Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Saipan, Tinian, and Okinawa.
Jonathan S. Berek
Jonathan Samuel Berek, MD, MMSc (born April 21, 1948) is the Laurie Kraus Lacob Professor at the Stanford University School of Medicine, Founding Director of the Stanford Women's Cancer Center, and Senior Advisor for the Stanford Cancer Institute. He is also the former Chair of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Stanford (2005-2012). Prior to joining the faculty at Stanford in 2005, he was Professor at the UCLA School of Medicine.

Additionally, Berek is a documentary film director and producer, Director of MedArts Films, and founder of the Under One Umbrella annual fundraising gala. He has received numerous honors, including a Lifetime Achievement Award from the International Gynecologic Cancer Society and the American Cancer Society. In 2017, Dr. Berek was selected as a Fellow in the Stanford Distinguished Careers Institute.

David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
The UCLA School of Medicine (also known as the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA) is the accredited medical school of the University of California, Los Angeles. Founded in 1951, it is the second medical school in the University of California system after the UCSF School of Medicine.
Chihaia
Chihaia is a Romanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Octavian Chihaia (born 1981), Romanian footballer, son of Romulus

Pavel Chihaia (1922–2019), Romanian novelist

Romulus Chihaia (born 1952), Romanian footballer and manager

Scarlett Bordeaux, ring name of Elizabeth Chihaia (born 1991), American professional wrestler and valet of Romanian descent

Pavel Chihaia
Pavel Chihaia (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈpavel ciˈhaja]; 23 April 1922 – 18 June 2019) was a Romanian novelist.

Born in Corabia, he graduated from the Mircea cel Bătrân High School in Constanța. Between 1941 and 1945 he attended the Faculty of Letters of the University of Bucharest, then worked as an employee at the General Directorate of Theaters until 1948. His first novel, Blocada ("The Blockade"), was published in 1947, shortly before the advent of his country's Communist regime. An opponent thereof, he managed to emigrate in 1978, ultimately settling in Munich, where he died in 2019.
Matt Hall (pilot)
Matt Hall (born 16 September 1971 in Newcastle, Australia) is a third-generation pilot, a former Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) fighter combat instructor, international unlimited aerobatic competitor and the first Australian to be selected to compete in the Red Bull Air Race World Championship, starting in 2009 with his team Matt Hall Racing. He won the championship in the final season of Red Bull Air Race in 2019.

Giles G-202
The Giles G-202 is an unlimited-level aerobatic airplane designed by Richard Giles.

This carbon fiber composite monoplane was manufactured by AkroTech Aviation in Troutdale, Oregon. The tandem two-seater was based upon the single-seater Giles G-200.

The G-202 was produced and sold as kit plane by AkroTech, and slightly modified as the CAP 222 by Avions Mudry (France).
Chandrakant Danve
Chandrakant Pundlikrao Danve is an Indian politician from Jalna district of Maharashtra. He belongs to the Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar).
Danve was elected three times as MLA from Bhokardan Assembly constituency as Nationalist Congress Party candidate (2003, 2004 and 2009).

After the death of the then Bhokardan MLA Vitthalrao Anna Sapkal, Chandrakant Danve was elected for the first time in the 2003 Bhokardan Assembly by-election.

He was the son of Pundlik Hari Danve, former member of parliament (1977 and 1989) from Jalna Lok Sabha constituency.

Jalna district
Jalna district (Marathi pronunciation: [d͡ʒaːlnaː]) is an administrative district in the state of Maharashtra in western India. Jalna city is the district headquarters. The district is part of Aurangabad division.
National Taiwan College of Performing Arts
The National Taiwan College of Performing Arts (NTCPA; Chinese: 國立臺灣戲曲學院; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kok-li̍p Tâi-oân Hì-kio̍k Ha̍k-īⁿ) is a public college located in Taipei, Taiwan.

The college offers undergraduate and graduate programs in various fields of performing arts, including drama, music, dance, and traditional Chinese performing arts. Students can choose from a wide range of programs, such as Acting, Directing, Playwriting, Dance, Vocal Performance, Instrumental Performance, Musicology, and Traditional Chinese Performing Arts.

The college also offers a number of interdisciplinary programs that allow students to combine their interests in different fields of the performing arts.

Lu Feng (actor)
Lu Feng (born April 3, 1956) is a Taiwanese-born Hong Kong-based martial artist actor, action choreographer, and director. Lu gained international prominence in 1978 for starring in the Shaw Brothers film Five Deadly Venoms, earning him and the rest of the cast the collective moniker of Venom Mob. He was part of Chang Cheh's ensemble of fourth generation actors along with Chiang Sheng, Philip Kwok, Lo Mang, and Sun Chien.
Narrow Island, Falkland Islands
Narrow Island is one of the Falkland Islands, in Byron Sound. It is between Golding Island and Middle Island, and to the west of East Island. As its name implies, it is slender, and extends for several miles east–west, while only being about 200 metres (660 ft) in width at is widest point.

Byron Sound
Byron Sound (Spanish: Bahia San Francisco de Paula) is a large fjord-like bay on the coast of West Falkland in the Falkland Islands, facing northwards. There is one main settlement on the bay: Hill Cove, and it contains numerous islands, including Saunders Island. It appears to be the glacially enlarged estuary of the Blackburn River.
Fred Wilson (artist)
Fred Wilson (born 1954)  is an American artist of African-American and Caribbean heritage. He received a BFA from Purchase College, State University of New York. Wilson challenges colonial assumptions on history, culture, and race – encouraging viewers to consider the social and historical narratives that represent the western canon. Wilson received a MacArthur Foundation "genius grant" in 1999 and the Larry Aldrich Foundation Award in 2003. Wilson represented the United States at the Biennial Cairo in 1992 and the Venice Biennale in 2003. In May 2008, it was announced that Wilson would become a Whitney Museum trustee replacing Chuck Close.

Maryland Center for History and Culture
The Maryland Center for History and Culture (MCHC), formerly the Maryland Historical Society (MdHS), founded on March 1, 1844, is the oldest cultural institution in the U.S. state of Maryland. The organization "collects, preserves, and interprets objects and materials reflecting Maryland's diverse heritage".  The MCHC has a museum, library, holds educational programs, and publishes scholarly works on Maryland.
Lyla Foy
Lyla Foy (born 1988) is an English, London-based singer-songwriter. Her music has been described as "somewhere between folk and dream pop" and has been praised for its "texture and rhythmic complexity". She sings, writes, and produces her music.

She has been the opening act for The National, Sharon Van Etten, Midlake, Phosphorescent, and Fleet Foxes. Lyla also sings and plays bass with psychedelic six-piece, Mono Club, fronted by John Herbert of Goldheart Assembly.

Opening act
An opening act, also known as a warm-up act, support act, supporting act or opener, is an entertainment act (musical, comedic, or otherwise), that performs at a concert before the featured act, or "headliner". Rarely, an opening act may perform again at the end of the event, or perform with the featured act after both have had a set to themselves.

The opening act's performance serves to "warm up" the audience, making it appropriately excited and enthusiastic for the headliner.
2009 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 2009 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 112th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

Birr entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Tullamore in the semi-finals.

The final was played on 18 October 2009 at O'Connor Park in Tullamore, between Tullamore and Kilcormac–Killoughey, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Tullamore won the match by 2–12 to 0–11 to claim their 10th championship title overall and a first title in 45 years.

Tullamore
Tullamore (/ˈtʊləˌmɔːr/; Irish: Tulach Mhór, meaning 'great mound') is the county town of County Offaly in Ireland. It is on the Grand Canal, in the middle of the county, and is the fourth most populous town in the Midlands Region, with 15,598 inhabitants at the 2022 census.

The town retained Gold Medal status in the National Tidy Town Awards in 2015 and also played host to the World Sheep Dog Trials in 2005, which attracted international interest in the region. The Tullamore Show is held near the town every year. The town's most famous export is Tullamore Dew – an Irish whiskey distilled by Tullamore Distillery – that can be traced back to 1829. The original distillery was shut down in 1954. The brand was later resurrected, but at first was produced at the Midleton Distillery in County Cork. However, in 2014, the brand's new owners, William Grant & Sons, invested in a new distillery near Tullamore, bringing whiskey production back to the town.