hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arthur Birch (organic chemist)
John Birch, AC CMG FRS FAA (3 August 1915 – 8 December 1995) was an Australian organic chemist.

Birch developed the Birch reduction of aromatic rings (by treatment with lithium metal and ammonia) which is widely used in synthetic organic chemistry. The Birch Reduction enables the modification of steroids. In 1948 Birch published the first total synthesis of a male sex hormone (19-nortestosterone), as the first member of a new structural series. This series later comprised the first oral contraceptive pill, which was made by others. The Birch reduction also allows for the development of other steroid drugs and antibiotics – he also made the first simple synthesis of the ring A-B structure of cholesterol. Birch published over 440 scientific papers and reports. According to Scopus database on 2025-12-03 Birch's h-index was 43.

Organic synthesis
Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis concerned with the construction of organic compounds. Organic compounds  are molecules consisting of combinations of covalently-linked hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms. Within the general subject of organic synthesis, there are many different types of synthetic routes that can be completed including total synthesis, stereoselective synthesis, automated synthesis, and many more. Additionally, in understanding organic synthesis it is necessary to be familiar with the methodology, techniques, and applications of the subject.
ICGV Þór
Four ships of the Icelandic Coast Guard have been named ICGV Þór.

ICGV Þór (1926) was the first ship own by the Icelandic Coast Guard. Bought used in 1926 and stranded in 1929.

ICGV Þór (1930) was built in Stettin, Germany, in 1922 as Senator Schäfer, but served the ICG from 1930 to 1939

ICGV Þór (1951), an offshore patrol vessel. Served in all three Cod Wars conflicts between Iceland and the United Kingdom. Sold in 1982.

ICGV Þór (2009), a Chile built offshore patrol vessel. Current flagship of the Icelandic Coast Guard.

ICGV Þór (1926)
ICGV Þór was the first patrol ship of the Icelandic Coast Guard. It was named after the nordic mythology god Þór. She was built by Edwards Brothers at North Shields, England in 1899 as a steam trawler for Danish-Icelandic trade and fishing association in Geirseyri and later served as a research ship for Denmark. In 1920, Björgunarfélag Vestmannaeyja bought the ship for use in fishing control and rescue work. After paying for its operational cost for several years, the Icelandic government decided to buy the ship in 1926. With its purchase, the Icelandic Coast Guard was de facto established. In the early years, the ship was armed with two 57 mm cannons, which were later replaced by one 47 mm cannon. Þór ran aground at Húnaflói during a storm on 21 December 1929. As a result, it was decided to buy a new patrol vessel in its place.
Daniel Orozco
Daniel Orozco is an American writer of fiction known primarily for his short stories.  His works have appeared in anthologies such as The Best American Short Stories and The Pushcart Prize Anthology and magazines such as Harper's and Zoetrope. He is a former Stegner Fellow and Jones Lecturer of Stanford University and currently teaches creative writing at the University of Idaho. He won a 2011 Whiting Award.

Orozco's best-known short story is "Orientation", which originally appeared in The Seattle Review and has subsequently been included in The Best American Short Stories 1995, and presented in audio form on National Public Radio. Orientation: And Other Stories, a collection of Orozco's work, was published by Faber & Faber in May 2011.

Stegner Fellowship
The Stegner Fellowship program is a two-year creative writing fellowship at Stanford University. The award is named after American Wallace Stegner (1909–1993), a historian, novelist, short story writer, environmentalist, and Stanford faculty member who founded the university's creative writing program.

Ten fellowships are awarded every year, five in fiction and five in poetry. The recipients do not need a degree to receive the fellowships, though many fellows already hold the terminal M.F.A. degree in creative writing. A workshop-based program, no degree is awarded after the two-year fellowship. Prior to 1990, many fellows also enrolled in Stanford's now-defunct M.A. program in creative writing.

Stegner fellows receive a stipend of $75,000 per year, as well as health insurance and their tuition fee for Stanford. Fellows are required to live close enough to Stanford to be able to attend all workshops, as well as other department-related readings and events.
Lonchocarpus urucu
Lonchocarpus urucu, or barbasco, is plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to the tropical forests of Peru, as well as of Brazil and Guyana, growing from 100–1,800 metres (330–5,910 ft) above sea level. It was also recorded in Venezuela.

Cubé resin, the root extract from Barbasco and from cubé (Lonchocarpus utilis), is used as a commercial insecticide and piscicide (fish poison).  The major active ingredients are rotenone and deguelin.  Although "organic" (produced by nature), rotenone is no longer considered an environmentally safe chemical.

Insecticide
Insecticides are pesticides used to kill insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae, respectively. The major use of insecticides is in agriculture, but they are also used in home and garden settings, industrial buildings, for vector control, and control of insect parasites of animals and humans.

Acaricides, which kill mites and ticks, are not strictly insecticides, but are usually classified together with insecticides. Some insecticides (including common bug sprays) are effective against other non-insect arthropods as well, such as scorpions, spiders, etc. Insecticides are distinct from insect repellents, which repel but do not kill.
Fray Bentos Formation
The Fray Bentos Formation is a Deseadan geologic formation of the Paysandú Group in Uruguay and portions of Argentina, corresponding to the Paraná Basin. It is composed of calcareous sandstones and siltstones with a pinkish-orange coloration. It outcrops in southwestern Uruguay (Canelones and Soriano Departments), the central and southeastern part of the province of Corrientes and northeast Entre Ríos.

Soriano Department
Soriano (Spanish pronunciation: [soˈɾjano]) is a department of Uruguay. Its capital is Mercedes. It is located on the west of the country, south of Río Negro Department, north of Colonia Department and west of Flores Department. Its western border is the Río Uruguay, separating it from Argentina.
Zanthodon
Zanthodon is a science fiction novel by American writer Lin Carter, the second in his series about the fictional "Hollow Earth" land of Zanthodon. It was first published in paperback by DAW Books in June 1980, with an ebook edition following from Gateway/Orion in October 2018. It was also gathered together with the other volumes in the series into the omnibus ebook collection The Zanthodon Megapack (Wildside Press, 2014).

Hollow Earth
The Hollow Earth is a concept proposing that the planet Earth is entirely hollow or contains a substantial interior space. Notably suggested in the late 17th century by Edmond Halley, the notion was later disproven, first tentatively by Pierre Bouguer in 1740, then definitively by Charles Hutton in his Schiehallion experiment around 1774.

It was still occasionally defended through the mid-19th century, notably by John Cleves Symmes Jr. and J. N. Reynolds, but by this time it was part of popular pseudoscience and no longer a scientifically viable hypothesis.

The concept of a hollow Earth still recurs in folklore and as a premise for subterranean fiction, a subgenre of adventure fiction. Hollow Earth also recurs in conspiracy theories and the cryptoterrestrial hypothesis and is often said to be inhabited by mythological figures or political leaders.
Willie and the Hand Jive
"Willie and the Hand Jive" is a song written by Johnny Otis and originally released as a single in 1958 by Otis, reaching #9 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and #5 on the Billboard R&B chart.  The song has a Bo Diddley beat and was partly inspired by the music sung by a chain gang Otis heard while he was touring.  The lyrics are about a man who became famous for doing a dance with his hands, but the song has been accused of glorifying masturbation, though Otis always denied it.  It has since been covered by numerous artists, including The Crickets, The Strangeloves, Eric Clapton, Cliff Richard, Kim Carnes, George Thorogood, The Bunch, and in live performances by The Grateful Dead.  Clapton's 1974 version was released as a single and reached the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at No. 26. Thorogood's 1985 version reached No. 25 on the Billboard Rock Tracks chart.

Johnny Rivers
Johnny Rivers (born John Henry Ramistella; November 7, 1942) is an American musician. He achieved commercial success and popularity throughout the 1960s and 1970s as a singer and guitarist, characterized as a versatile and influential artist. Rivers is best known for his 1960s output, having popularized the mid-1960s discotheque scene through his live rock and roll recordings at the Los Angeles nightclub Whisky a Go Go, and later shifting to a more orchestral, soul-oriented sound during the latter half of the decade. These developments were reflected by his most notable string of hit singles between 1964 and 1968, many of them covers. They include "Memphis", "Mountain of Love", "The Seventh Son", "Secret Agent Man", "Poor Side of Town", "Baby I Need Your Lovin'", and "Summer Rain". Rivers had a total of nine top-ten hits and 17 top-forty hits on the US charts from 1964 to 1977.
Law Cheung-kwok
Law Cheung-kwok (born 26 September 1949, Hong Kong) was a member of the Sai Kung District Council (1994–2007) representing Hong King. He was also a member of the Legislative Council (1995–97) representing for the Election Committee. He joined the Provisional Legislative Council which existed from 1996 to 1998 with other members of the Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL), while other pro-democrats boycotted it. He quit the ADPL around 1998 and joined the New Century Forum and Civil Force afterward. He contested in the 1998 and 2000 Legislative Council but failed to go back to the Legislative Council.

New Century Forum
New Century Forum is a pro-Beijing, middle-class-oriented political group in Hong Kong, compromising professionals, businessmen and academics, and aims to represent the voice of the middle-class. It is currently led by convenor Ma Fung-kwok.
The Value of Ignorance
The Value of Ignorance is a VHS released by singer/songwriter Sinéad O'Connor in 1989. The concert was recorded live at the Dominion Theatre in London, on June 3, 1988. The concert was re-released in 2004 in DVD format as Live: The Year of the Horse/The Value of Ignorance.

Singer-songwriter
A singer-songwriter is a musician who writes, composes, and performs their own musical material, including lyrics and melodies. In the United States, the category is built on the folk-acoustic tradition with a guitar, although this role has transmuted through different eras of popular music. Traditionally, these musicians would write and sing songs personal to them. Singer-songwriters often provide the sole musical accompaniment to an entire song. The piano is also an instrument of choice.
Mary McIlquham
Mary Melinda McIlquham (née Hart, born 10 September 1901) was an English female tennis player who was active during the 1920s and early 1930s.

Between 1923 and 1931 she competed in nine Wimbledon Championships. Her best result in the singles event was reaching the quarterfinal in 1925 and 1929. In the latter year she caused an upset by defeating second-seeded Lilí Álvarez in the fourth round, who was the runner-up at the previous three editions. Her biggest success at Grand Slam level came in the doubles event where she reached the Wimbledon final in 1925 partnering Kathleen Bridge which they lost in straight sets to five-time winners Suzanne Lenglen and Elizabeth Ryan.

She was married to Clinton Gilbert McIlquham. They participated as a husband and wife couple in the Wimbledon mixed doubles event in 1923, 1925 and 1927.

Lilí Álvarez
Elia Maria González-Álvarez y López-Chicheri, also known as Lilí de Álvarez (Spanish pronunciation: [liˈli ˈalβaɾeθ]; 9 May 1905 – 8 July 1998), was a Spanish multi-sport competitor, an international tennis champion, an author, feminist and a journalist.
Anderson Mesa Station
Anderson Mesa Station is an astronomical observatory established in 1959 as a dark-sky observing site for Lowell Observatory. It is located at Anderson Mesa in Coconino County, Arizona, about 12 miles (19 km) southeast of Lowell's main campus on Mars Hill in Flagstaff, Arizona.

Coconino County, Arizona
Coconino County is a county in the  North-Central part of the U.S. state of Arizona. Its population was 145,101 at the 2020 census. The county seat is Flagstaff. The county takes its name from Cohonino, a name applied to the Havasupai people. It is the second-largest county by area in the contiguous United States, behind San Bernardino County, California. It has 18,661 sq mi (48,332 km2), or 16.4% of Arizona's total area, and is larger than the nine smallest states in the U.S.

Coconino County comprises the Flagstaff metropolitan statistical area, Grand Canyon National Park, the federally recognized Havasupai Nation, and parts of the federally recognized Navajo, Hualapai, and Hopi nations. As a result, its relatively large Native American population makes up nearly 30% of the county's total population; it is mostly Navajo, with smaller numbers of other tribes.

The county was the setting for George Herriman's early 20th-century Krazy Kat comic strip.
Pareia
In Greek mythology, Pareia or Paria (Ancient Greek: Παρείας means 'reddish-brown snake') was a Parian nymph and concubine of King Minos of Crete. By the latter, she mothered Eurymedon, Nephalion, Chryses, and Philolaus. These men were later on slain by the hero Heracles after they killed two of his comrades.

Heracles
Heracles (/ˈhɛrəkliːz/ ⓘ Ancient Greek: Ἡρακλῆς, lit. 'glory/fame of Hera'), born Alcaeus (Ἀλκαῖος, Alkaios) or Alcides (Ἀλκείδης, Alkeidēs), was a divine hero in Greek mythology, the son of Zeus and Alcmene, and the foster son of Amphitryon. He was a descendant of Perseus, another son of Zeus.

He was the greatest of the Greek heroes, the ancestor of royal clans known as Heracleidae (Ἡρακλεῖδαι), and a champion of the Olympian order against chthonic monsters. In Rome and the modern West, he is known as Hercules, with whom the later Roman emperors, in particular Commodus and Maximian, often identified themselves. Details of his cult were adapted to Rome as well.
Night Frost Crisis
The Night Frost Crisis (Finnish: yöpakkaskriisi) or the Night Frost (Finnish: yöpakkaset, Swedish: nattfrosten) was a political crisis that occurred in Soviet–Finnish relations in the autumn of 1958. It arose from Soviet dissatisfaction with Finnish domestic policy and in particular with the composition of the third government to be formed under Prime Minister Karl-August Fagerholm. As a result of the crisis, the Soviet Union withdrew its ambassador from Helsinki and put pressure on the Finnish government to resign. The crisis was given its name by Nikita Khrushchev, who declared that relations between the countries had become subject to a "night frost".

Karl-August Fagerholm
Karl-August Fagerholm (31 December 1901, in Siuntio – 22 May 1984, in Helsinki) was a Finnish politician. Fagerholm served as Speaker of Parliament and three times Prime Minister of Finland (1948–50, 1956–57, and 1958–59). Fagerholm became one of the leading politicians of the Social Democrats after the armistice in the  Continuation War. As a Scandinavia-oriented Swedish-speaking Finn, he was believed to be more to the taste of the Soviet Union's leadership than his predecessor, Väinö Tanner. Fagerholm's postwar career was, however, marked by fierce opposition from both the Soviet Union and the Communist Party of Finland. He narrowly lost the presidential election to Urho Kekkonen in 1956.
Michael Gau
Michael Gau (Chinese: 高聖惕; pinyin: Gāo Shèngtì) is a Taiwanese legal scholar and lawyer. He served as vice chairperson of the Aviation Safety Council from 21 May 2012 and was replaced by Chi Chia-fen in 2016.

Chi Chia-fen
Chia-fen Christine Chi (Chinese: 紀佳芬; pinyin: Jì Jiāfēn; Wade–Giles: Chi4 Chia1-fen1) is a Taiwanese industrial engineer.

Chi Chia-fen earned her bachelor's of science degree from the Tunghai University Department of Industrial Engineering. She completed master's and doctoral studies at the State University of New York at Buffalo. Chi became a professor at the National Taiwan University of Science and Technology in 1998, and was named a distinguished professor in 2012. Prior to her appointment to a distinguished professorship, Chi served as chair of the industrial management department from 2008 to 2010, associate dean of the school of management between 2010 and 2011, and dean of international affairs from 2011 to 2013. Between 2013 and 2016, Chi was director of the Center for Teaching and Learning at NTUST. She was appointed vice chair of the Aviation Safety Council in 2016, serving under Hwung Hwung-hweng and Young Hong-tsu.
Banbishan
Banbishan (Chinese: 半壁山镇; pinyin: Bànbìshān Zhèn) is a town located in Xinglong County, Chengde, Hebei, China. According to the 2010 census, Banbishan had a population of 22,029, including 11,180 males and 10,849 females. The population was distributed as follows: 4,195 people aged under 14, 16,270 people aged between 15 and 64, and 1,564 people aged over 65.

Xinglong County
Xinglong County (simplified Chinese: 兴隆县; traditional Chinese: 興隆縣; pinyin: Xīnglóng Xiàn) is a county in the northeast of Hebei province, bordering the municipalities of Beijing to the west and Tianjin to the southwest. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Chengde, with a population of 270,000 residing in an area of 3,116 km2 (1,203 sq mi).
Dichloromuconate cycloisomerase
In enzymology, a dichloromuconate cycloisomerase (EC 5.5.1.11) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

2,4-dichloro-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate  2,4-dichloro-cis,cis-muconate

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 2,4-dichloro-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate, and one product, 2,4-dichloro-cis,cis-muconate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically the class of intramolecular lyases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2,4-dichloro-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate lyase (decyclizing). This enzyme participates in 1,4-dichlorobenzene degradation.  It employs one cofactor, manganese.

Lyase
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a Michael reaction). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:

ATP → cAMP + PPi

Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
Idaho Transfer
Idaho Transfer is a 1973 science fiction film directed by Peter Fonda. It stars Kelley Bohanon, Kevin Hearst, Dale Hopkins, and Keith Carradine.

It is the only film Fonda directed in which he did not appear.

Keith Carradine
Keith Ian Carradine (/ˈkærədiːn/ KARR-ə-deen; born August 8, 1949) is an American actor. In film, he is known for his roles as Tom Frank in Robert Altman's Nashville, E. J. Bellocq in Louis Malle's Pretty Baby, and Mickey in Alan Rudolph's Choose Me. On television, he is known for his roles as Wild Bill Hickok on the HBO series Deadwood, FBI agent Frank Lundy on the Showtime series Dexter, Lou Solverson in the first season of FX's Fargo, Penny's father Wyatt on the CBS sitcom The Big Bang Theory, and U.S. President Conrad Dalton on the CBS political drama Madam Secretary.

He is a member of the Carradine family of actors which began with his father, John Carradine.
Group d'Arté Averbode
Volley Group d'Arté Averbode are a former Belgian volleyball club based in Averbode.

The A squad played in the Liga, the highest level of Belgian men's volleyball, before being declared bankrupt at the end of the 2010-11 season.

The team has played several times in the Challenge Cup, formerly known as CEV Cup.

CEV Challenge Cup
The CEV Challenge Cup is the third tier official competition for men's volleyball clubs from the whole of Europe.

The competition started in the 1980–81 season under the name CEV Cup. In 2007 it was renamed to CEV Challenge Cup.
Conexión (Ana Torroja album)
Conexión is the second live album by Spanish singer Ana Torroja. It was released under the label OCESA Seitrack on May 5, 2015. The album was recorded in Ciudad de México on December 3, 2014. The album includes material from her past five studio albums as well as 4 newly recorded songs. Featured guest include Paty Cantú, Leonel García, Miguel Bosé, Aleks Syntek, Carla Morrison and Ximena Sariñana.

Sin Bandera
Sin Bandera is a Mexican duo who perform romantic ballads, consisting of Mexican singer-songwriter Leonel Garcia and Argentine-Mexican singer-songwriter Noel Schajris. They formed in Mexico City in 2000. They became one of the most popular artists after their eponymous debut studio album, Sin Bandera, was released on November 20, 2001.
Symphony No. 99 (Haydn)
The Symphony No. 99 in E♭ major (Hoboken I/99) is the seventh of the twelve London symphonies (Hoboken numbers 93–104) written by Joseph Haydn. The symphony was written in 1793 in Vienna in anticipation for his second trip to London.

The work was premiered on 10 February 1794 at the Hanover Square Rooms in London, with Haydn directing the orchestra seated at a fortepiano. This concert series featuring Haydn's compositions was organized by his colleague and friend Johann Peter Salomon.

Johann Peter Salomon
Johann Peter Salomon (20 February 1745 [baptized] – 25 November 1815) was a German violinist, composer, conductor and musical impresario. Although an accomplished violinist, he is best known for bringing Joseph Haydn to London and for conducting the symphonies that Haydn wrote during his stay in England. He also knew and worked with Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven.