hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Unemployment in the United States
Unemployment in the United States discusses the causes and measures of U.S. unemployment and strategies for reducing it. Job creation and unemployment are affected by factors such as economic conditions, global competition, education, automation, and demographics. These factors can affect the number of workers, the duration of unemployment, and wage levels.

American Jobs Act
The American Jobs Act (S. 1549) (H. Doc. 112-53) and (H.R. 12) was the informal name for a pair of bills recommended by U.S. President Barack Obama in a nationally televised address to a joint session of Congress on Thursday, September 8, 2011. He characterized the proposal as a collection of non-controversial measures designed to get Americans back to work, and he repeatedly urged Congress to pass it "right away"; he also said that the bills would not add to the national deficit and would be fully paid for.
Serik Akhmetov Government
The Serik Akhmetov Government (Kazakh: Серік Ахметов Үкіметі, romanized: Serık Ahmetov Ükımetı; Russian: Правительство Серика Ахметова) was the 11th government of Kazakhstan led by Serik Akhmetov. It was established on 24 September 2012, after Prime Minister Karim Massimov resigned from the post which he had held since January 2007 and was appointed as the Head of the Presidential Administration. President Nursultan Nazarbayev nominated Akhmetov to be the new PM who was unanimously approved by the Parliament.

As a result of the Kazakh tenge's devaluation in March 2014, Akhmetov was dismissed by Nazarbayev who reappointed Massimov on 2 April 2014. Akhmetov remained in  Massimov's cabinet after being appointed as the Minister of Defense on 3 April 2014.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Richard Gigger Jr.
Richard Gigger Jr. (July 6, 1929 – November 13, 2016) was an American band director, musician, educator and United States Army senior non-commissioned officer whose band and drill teams hold the record for the most victories—thirteen, eleven of which were consecutive—in the Los Angeles Unified School District Annual Band and Drill Team Championships from 1987 to 1999. Gigger was renowned for his devotion to all aspects of his students' lives, including that they continue on to college. Many have gone on to positions of prominence in education and civic leadership and credit him with inspiring them to achieve and excel.

Music director
A music director, musical director or director of music is a person responsible for the musical aspects of a performance, production, or organization. This would include the artistic director and usually chief conductor of an orchestra or concert band, the director of music of a film, the director of music at a radio station, the person in charge of musical activities or the head of the music department in a school, the coordinator of the musical ensembles in a university, college, or institution (but not usually the head of the academic music department), the head bandmaster of a military band, the head organist and choirmaster of a church, or an organist and master of the choristers (the title given to a director of music at a cathedral, particularly in England).
Senecio gallicus
Senecio gallicus, an annual plant of the genus Senecio and family Asteraceae, is a species that colonizes isolated habitats with difficult environmental conditions. It is widespread across southern France and the Iberian Peninsula in deserts and xeric shrublands, on steppes and salty dry coastal plains. S. gallicus is playing a predominant role in shaping patterns of genetic structure by presenting models of historical associations among population rather than patterns of ongoing gene flow.

Coastal plain
A coastal plain (also coastal plains, coastal lowland, coastal lowlands) is an area of flat, low-lying land adjacent to a sea coast. A fall line commonly marks the border between a coastal plain and an upland area.
Ernst Cohn-Wiener
Ernst Cohn-Wiener (1882–1941) was a German historian of Islamic art. Born in the city of Tilsit, he studied the history of art, archaeology, and philosophy in Berlin and Heidelberg from 1902 to 1906. He received his PhD from Heidelberg in 1907. In the 1920s his interest turned to Islamic art history and he resolved to explore the monuments of Central Asia, a little-known field at the time. After expeditions in 1924 and 1925, he published Turan: Islamische Baukunst in Mittelasien. In 1933 Cohn-Wiener lost his position due to the anti-Semitic policies of the Nazis and he emigrated with his wife to India where he was employed by the Maharaja of Baroda. In 1939 emigrated to the USA where he died in 1941.

Cohn-Wiener's photographic archive was acquired by the British Museum in 1998 from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.
The Museum's archive consists of 868 images, primarily glass negatives.

Gaekwad dynasty
Gaekwads (also spelled as Gaikwads, Gaekwars) (IAST: Gāyakavāḍa), a Hindu Maratha dynasty of the former Maratha Empire and its subsequent (erstwhile) princely state of Baroda in western India from the early 18th century until 1947. The ruling prince was known as the Maharaja Gaekwad of Baroda. With the city of Baroda (Vadodara) as its capital, during the British Raj its relations with the British were managed by the Baroda Residency. It was one of the largest and wealthiest princely states of British India, with its wealth coming from the lucrative cotton business as well as rice, wheat and sugar production.
Chaffee-Hunter House
The Chaffee-Hunter House is a historic building located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States.  Built in 1886, the single family dwelling is named for its first two residents, Henry L. Chaffee and Edward H. Hunter who bought it from Chaffee in 1891.  The house calls attention to Hunter who served as the local postmaster from 1894 to 1898.  He conceived and implemented the idea of a streetcar-mounted collection box for the mail.  It was later implemented in other cities in the country.  The 2½-story frame Queen Anne structure features a gable-on-hip roof with intersecting gables, a brick foundation, wrap-around porch, and dormer windows.  The house was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.  It was included as a contributing property in the Polk County Homestead and Trust Company Addition Historic District in 2016.

Postmaster
A postmaster is the head of an individual post office, responsible for all postal activities in a specific post office.  When a postmaster is responsible for an entire mail distribution organization (usually sponsored by a national government), the title of Postmaster General is commonly used. 
Responsibilities of a postmaster typically include management of a centralized mail distribution facility, establishment of letter carrier routes, supervision of letter carriers and clerks, and enforcement of the organization's rules and procedures. The postmaster is the representative of the Postmaster General in that post office.

In Canada, many early places are named after the first postmaster.
Sirasa FM
Sirasa FM is a Sinhala language radio station in Sri Lanka. MBC Networks, a subsidiary of Sri Lankan conglomerate Capital Maharaja Group, operate the radio station. It is one of the three successful radio stations started by MBC Networks in the 1990s. The other two being Yes FM and Shakthi FM. The programming of the radio station includes talk shows, and Sinhala and Hindi top hits. Sirasa FM is the first private media organisation to be allowed to broadcast news in Sri Lanka. However, Sirasa FM was banned broadcasting news after the station broadcast a false report of a nonexistent countrywide curfew. The ban was not lifted for two months.

News broadcasting
News broadcasting is the medium of broadcasting various news events and other information via television, radio, or the internet in the field of broadcast journalism. The content is usually either produced locally in a radio studio or television studio newsroom, or by a broadcast network. A news broadcast may include material such as sports coverage, weather forecasts, traffic reports, political commentary, expert opinions, editorial content, and other material that the broadcaster feels is relevant to their audience. An individual news program is typically reported in a series of individual stories that are presented by one or more anchors. A frequent inclusion is live or recorded interviews by field reporters.
Imperial crown of Russia
The Imperial crown of Russia (Russian: Императорская корона России), also known as the Great Imperial Crown of Russian Empire (Russian: Большая императорская корона Российской Империи), was used for the coronation of the monarchs of Russia from 1762 until the Russian monarchy's abolition in 1917. The great imperial crown was first used in the coronation by Catherine the Great, and it was last worn at the coronation of Nicholas II. It was displayed prominently next to Nicholas II on a cushion at the State Opening of the Russian Duma inside the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg in 1906. It survived the 1917 revolution and ensuing civil war and is currently on display in Moscow at the Kremlin Armoury's State Diamond Fund.

Kremlin Armoury
The Kremlin Armoury (Russian: Оружейная палата) is one of the oldest museums in Moscow. It is located in the Moscow Kremlin, and is a part of the Moscow Kremlin Museum.

The Kremlin Armoury originated as the royal arsenal in 1508. Until the transfer of the court to St Petersburg, the Armoury was in charge of producing, purchasing and storing weapons, jewelry and various household articles of the tsars. The finest Muscovite gunsmiths (the Vyatkin brothers), jewelers (Gavrila Ovdokimov), and painters (Simon Ushakov) used to work there. In 1640 and 1683, they opened the iconography and pictorial studios, where the lessons on painting and handicrafts could be given. In 1700, the Armoury was enriched with the treasures of the Golden and Silver chambers of the Russian tsars.
Cressa (Paphlagonia)
Cressa or Kressa (Ancient Greek: Κρῆσσα) was a city of ancient Paphlagonia. According to Greek mythology, it was founded by Meriones after the Trojan War. It was taken by Ziaelas of Bithynia.

Its site is unlocated.

Paphlagonia
Paphlagonia (/ˌpæfləˈɡoʊniə/; Greek: Παφλαγονία, romanized: Paphlagonía, modern translit. Paflagonía; Turkish: Paflagonya) was an ancient region on the Black Sea coast of north-central Anatolia, situated between Bithynia to the west and Pontus to the east, and separated from Phrygia (later, Galatia) by a prolongation to the east of the Bithynian Olympus. According to Strabo, the region was bounded by the river Parthenius to the west and the Halys River to the east. 
Paphlagonia was said to be named after Paphlagon, a son of the mythical Phineus.
Tony Revell
Surgeon Vice-Admiral Anthony Leslie Revell CB CStJ QHS FRCA FRSM (26 April 1935 – 30 December 2018) was a British Royal Navy medical officer and Surgeon General of the British Armed Forces from 1994 to 1997.

Royal College of Anaesthetists
The Royal College of Anaesthetists (RCoA) is the professional body responsible for the specialty of anaesthesia throughout the United Kingdom. It sets standards in anaesthesia, critical care, pain management, and for the training of anaesthetists, physicians' assistants (anaesthesia), and practising critical care physicians. It also holds examinations for anaesthetists in training, and informs and educates the public about anaesthesia. Its headquarters are in Churchill House, London.
Truth and Power
Truth and Power is an "investigative docuseries", narrated by Maggie Gyllenhaal and executive produced by Brian Knappenberger (The Internet's Own Boy: The Story of Aaron Swartz). It premiered on Pivot on January 22, 2016. Each episode tells the stories of "ordinary people going to extraordinary lengths to reveal corporate exploitation and infringement on civil liberties resulting from government overreach." The documentaries use interviews and uncovered documents to discuss the "issues of security, surveillance and profiteering in the digital age."

Pivot (TV network)
Pivot was an American digital cable and satellite television network owned by Participant Media that aired programming that focused on social issues and activism. The channel, targeted at young adults between 18 and 34 years old, debuted on August 1, 2013. The channel ceased all operations on October 31, 2016.
Artedius fenestralis
Artedius fenestralis, the padded sculpin, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins.  The species is native to the eastern Pacific Ocean, with a range extending from the Alaska Peninsula to Southern California.  It grows to a maximum length of 14 centimeters and subsists on a diet of shrimp and small fishes. A. fenestralis is commonly found in rocky intertidal and subtidal habitats, particularly near kelp forest edges.

Sculpin
A sculpin is a type of fish that belongs to the superfamily Cottoidea in the order Perciformes. As of 2025, this superfamily contains 5 families, 112 genera, and 405 species.

Sculpins occur in many types of habitat, including ocean and freshwater zones. They live in rivers, submarine canyons, kelp forests, and shallow littoral habitat types, such as tidepools.
Cantaloupe Music
Cantaloupe Music is a Brooklyn-based record label that produces and releases contemporary classical music and other forms of avant-garde music. The label was founded in 2001 by Michael Gordon, David Lang, Julia Wolfe, and Kenny Savelson. Gordon, Lang, and Wolfe are composers who founded the Bang on a Can music festival in New York City, while Savelson has worked as the festival's music director. Cantaloupe Music is distributed by Naxos in North America and worldwide by Naxos Global Logistics.

Avant-garde music
Avant-garde music is music that is considered to be at the forefront of innovation in its field, with the term avant-garde implying a critique of existing aesthetic conventions, rejection of the status quo in favor of unique or original elements, and the idea of deliberately challenging or alienating audiences. Avant-garde music may be distinguished from experimental music by the way it adopts an extreme position within a certain tradition, whereas experimental music lies outside tradition.
Cassinia leptocephala
Cassinia leptocephala is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a large, woody shrub with hairy, reddish stems, stiff linear leaves, and heads of pale yellow flowers arranged in a dense corymb.

Corymb
Corymb is a botanical term for an inflorescence with the flowers growing in such a fashion that the outermost are borne on longer pedicels than the inner, bringing all flowers up to a common level. A corymb has a flattish top with a superficial resemblance towards an umbel, and may have a branching structure similar to a panicle. Flowers in a corymb structure can either be parallel, or alternate, and form in either a convex, or flat form.

Many species in the Maloideae, such as hawthorns and rowans, produce their flowers in corymbs. The Norway maple and yerba maté are also examples of corymbs.

The word corymb is derived from the Ancient Greek word κόρυμβος, korymbos meaning "bunch of flowers or fruit".

Racemose corymb

Iberis umbellata or candytuft (racemose corymb)

Cymose corymb

Sambucus nigra or elder(cymose corymb)
Brian Bedford
Brian Bedford (16 February 1935 – 13 January 2016) was an English actor. He appeared in film and on stage, and was an actor-director of Shakespeare productions. Bedford was nominated for seven Tony Awards for his theatrical work, winning once.

He served as the voice of Disney's Robin Hood from the 1973 animated film of the same name.

Twelfth Night
Twelfth Night, or What You Will is a romantic comedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written around 1601–1602 as a Twelfth Night entertainment for the close of the Christmas season. The play centres on the twins Viola and Sebastian, who are separated in a shipwreck. Viola (disguised as a page named 'Cesario') falls in love with the Duke Orsino, who in turn is in love with Countess Olivia. Upon meeting Viola, Countess Olivia falls in love with her, thinking she is a man.

The play expanded on the musical interludes and riotous disorder expected of the occasion, with plot elements drawn from Barnabe Rich's short story "Of Apollonius and Silla", based on a story by Matteo Bandello. The first documented public performance was on 2 February 1602, at Candlemas, the formal end of the Christmastide–Epiphanytide season in the Christian liturgical year's calendar. The play was not published until its inclusion in the 1623 First Folio.
Dawid Kubacki
Dawid Grzegorz Kubacki (Polish pronunciation: [ˈdavid kuˈbat͡ski]; born 12 March 1990) is a Polish ski jumper. He is a member of the national team and competed at the Winter Olympics in 2014, 2018 and 2022, winning two bronze medals. He is the 2019 World Champion on the normal hill and winner of the 2019-20 Four Hills Tournament, as well as the 2017 World Champion and bronze medal winner at the 2013 World Championships in the large hill team competitions.

2019–20 Four Hills Tournament
The 2019–20 Four Hills Tournament took place at the four traditional venues of Oberstdorf, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Innsbruck, and Bischofshofen, located in Germany and Austria, between 29 December 2019 and 6 January 2020.
Giacomo Ferrara
Giacomo Ferrara (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdʒaːkomo ferˈraːra]; born 24 November 1990) is an Italian actor best known for his role as Alberto "Spadino" Anacleti in the 2015 neo-noir crime film Suburra and its subsequent spin-off series, Suburra: Blood on Rome (2017–2020) and Suburræterna (2023).

Neo-noir
Neo-noir is a film genre from the 1970s, in the era of New Hollywood, which is primarily associated with the subversion and visual style of classic film noir tropes, adapting the themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with vibrant colors and high-contrast, more graphic depictions of violence or sexuality, thematic motifs, and nonlinear narrative or editing.

During the 1970s and the mid 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974), Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), Sydney Pollack's Absence of Malice (1981), Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (1982), Paul Verhoeven's The Fourth Man (1983 film) and David Lynch’s Blue Velvet (1986). The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in a shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements.
Montebello High School
Montebello High School is a public high school which is part of the Montebello Unified School District. Founded in 1909, it has an enrollment of approximately 2,600 students in grades 9-12. Its campus is located in Montebello, California, a suburb of Los Angeles. It is named for the city of Montebello.

International Tennis Hall of Fame
The International Tennis Hall of Fame is located in Newport, Rhode Island, United States. It honors both players and other contributors to the sport of tennis. The complex, the former Newport Casino, includes a museum, 13 grass tennis courts, an indoor tennis facility with three courts, three outdoor hard courts, one green clay court, a court tennis facility, and a theatre. The International Tennis Hall of Fame is a non-profit organization with the goal of preserving, celebrating, and inspiring the sport of tennis around the world.

The location was the original home of the U.S. National Championships (now called the US Open), established in 1881. Since 1976, the complex has hosted the Hall of Fame Open, a combined men's and women's event, each year in July.
Fred Martinson
Fred Martinson  (February 22, 1947 – February 5, 2012) was an American motorcycle trials rider. Martinson was four times AHRMA Vintage National Trials Champion, winning titles in 2003, 2008, 2009 and 2010, competing in approximately 615 trials through his career. In 2011 he was inducted into the NATC Hall of Fame. The Martinson family are still deeply involved in the sport with Fred's sons Derek and Brian competing at National level for many years, and now grandchildren are starting to also compete
.

Motorcycle trials
Motorcycle trials, also known as observed trials, often called simply trial or trials, is a non-speed event on specialized motorcycles. The sport is most popular in the United Kingdom and Spain, though there are participants around the globe.

Modern trials motorcycles are distinctive in that they have evolved to become extremely lightweight, lack seating (they are designed to be ridden standing up) and have suspension travel that is short, relative to a motocross or enduro motorcycle.

Motorcycle trials is often utilized by competitors in other motorcycle sports (such as enduro, motocross or road racers) as a way to cross-train, as trials requires fine throttle, balance, and machine control.
Osaki Launch Complex
Osaki Launch Complex is a rocket launch site located at the Tanegashima Space Center on the island of Tanegashima.

Initially constructed for the N-I rocket, the complex was subsequently utilized for N-II, H-I and J-I launches.

Constructed in the early 1970s to support N-I rocket launches, the facility underwent modifications in the 1980s to accommodate the N-II and H-I. It underwent extensive renovations in the early 1990s to support the J-I rocket, though the J-I was launched only once before the program's cancellation. In November 1998, the Osaki complex was used for a separation test involving an SRB-A solid rocket booster, which is utilized on the H-IIA launch vehicle.

The Osaki Launch Complex was deactivated in the mid-1990s, with operations shifting to the newer Yoshinobu Launch Complex located to the north.

SRB-A
The SRB-A and SRB-3 are a family of Japanese solid-fueled rocket boosters developed and manufactured by IHI Corporation for use on the H-IIA, H-IIB, Epsilon, H3, and Epsilon S launch vehicles. The earlier versions, designated SRB-A, flew from 2001 to 2025, while the successor SRB-3 made its first flight in 2023.
Gore Mountain (New York)
Gore Mountain is a mountain located near the village of North Creek in Warren County, New York, of which its peak is the highest point. Gore is flanked to the north by South Mountain, and to the southwest by Height of Land Mountain. The mountain is the site of the Gore Mountain ski resort, and the Gore Mountain Fire Observation Station which was built in 1918.

Ski resort
A ski resort is a resort developed for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter sports. In Europe, most ski resorts are towns or villages in or adjacent to a ski area–a mountainous area with pistes (ski trails) and a ski lift system. In North America, it is more common for ski areas to exist well away from towns, so ski resorts usually are destination resorts, often purpose-built and self-contained, where skiing is the main activity.