hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Middle Level Commissioners
The Middle Level Commissioners are a land drainage authority in eastern England. The body was formed in 1862, undertaking the main water level management function within the Middle Level following the breakup of the former Bedford Level Corporation.

The Middle Level is the central and largest section of the Great Level of The Fens, which was reclaimed by drainage during the mid-17th Century. The area is bounded on the northwest and east by the River Nene and Ouse washes, on the north by previously drained Marshland silts and to the south and west by low clay hills. The Middle Level river system consists of over 120 miles (190 km) of watercourses most of which are statutory navigations and has a catchment of over 170,000 acres (690 km2).

Earith
Earith is a village and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England. Lying approximately 10 miles (16 km) east of Huntingdon, Earith is situated within Huntingdonshire which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county of England. At Earith, two artificial diversion channels of the River Great Ouse, the Old Bedford River and the New Bedford River, leave the river on a course to Denver Sluice near Downham Market, where they rejoin the Great Ouse in its tidal part. At the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 1,677, reducing to 1,606 at the 2011 Census.
Bear Creek Spire
Bear Creek Spire is a mountain in the Sierra Nevada in Inyo County, California, in the western United States, and is the 46th highest mountain in California and the 225th highest mountain in the United States. Bear Creek Spire is part of the John Muir Wilderness and the Inyo National Forest.

Inyo National Forest
Inyo National Forest is a United States National Forest covering parts of the eastern Sierra Nevada of California and the White Mountains of California and Nevada. The forest hosts several superlatives, including Mount Whitney, the highest point in the contiguous United States; Boundary Peak, the highest point in Nevada; and the Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest, which protects the oldest living trees in the world. The forest, encompassing much of the Owens Valley, was established by Theodore Roosevelt as a way of sectioning off land to accommodate the Los Angeles Aqueduct project in 1907, making the Inyo National Forest one of the least wooded forests in the U.S. National Forest system.
Lucien De Brauwere
Lucien De Brauwere (10 June 1951 – 17 October 2020) was a Belgian cyclist. He competed in the individual road race at the 1972 Summer Olympics.

De Brauwere died on 17 October 2020 in Petegem-aan-de-Schelde, aged 69.

Cycling at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race
In cycling at the 1972 Summer Olympics, the men's individual road race was held on 7 September. There were 163 starters from 48 nations. The maximum per NOC was four. A total of 76 cyclists finished the race. The event was won by Hennie Kuiper of the Netherlands, the nation's first victory in the men's individual road race and first medal in the event since 1948. Clyde Sefton earned Australia's first medal in the event with his silver. Jaime Huélamo of Spain finished third, but was disqualified after failing a drug test; the medal was not reassigned. Bruce Biddle of New Zealand was not awarded the bronze medal as he had not been tested for drugs. Italy missed the podium, breaking a four-Games streak of gold and silver medals.
Layla (town)
Layla (Arabic: لیلى) is a town in central Saudi Arabia. It is the principal town of the Al-Aflaj oasis in Riyadh Region, some 330 km south of the capital, Riyadh.  It is believed to have been named after Layla of Bani 'Amir, a 7th-century woman from the local tribe who was immortalized in the poetry of her lover Qays ibn Al-Mulawwah. The romance of Qays and Layla is among the most famous romances of Arabic literature.

Several tribes have governed the town across two millennia, including tribes of Kaab ibn 'Amir, then 'Uqayl ibn 'Amir and Alshathri.

The population of the town and its surrounding villages and hamlets is nearly 76,000, largely consisting of settled Bedouins from the Dawasir tribe. Layla neighbours a dry lake bed called Umm Jabal.

A crater on Mars has been named after this town.

Banu Amir
The Banu Amir (Arabic: بنو عامر, romanized: Banū ʿĀmir) was a large and ancient Arab tribe originating from Western Arabia that dominated Najd for centuries after the rise of Islam. It was an independent branch of the Hawazin confederation, and its original homeland was the border area between Najd and Hejaz in Khurmah and Ranyah. Although the Banu Amir engaged in a long war with the Quraysh before the appearance of Islam —manifesting in particular as the Fijar War — the tribe gave a late allegiance to Muhammad and his immediate successors. The tribe produced several well-known Arabic poets, the most famous of whom was Labid ibn Rabi'ah, an author of one of the Seven Hanged Poems. Other poets included Amir ibn al-Tufayl, an important tribal chief; al-Ra'i al-Numayri, an opponent of Jarir; and the female poet Layla al-Akhyaliyyah. The protagonists of the romantic saga of Layla wal Majnun, Qays and Layla, also belonged to Banu Amir.
Afryka, Łódź Voivodeship
Afryka [aˈfrɨka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żarnów, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) north of Żarnów, 10 km (6 mi) west of Opoczno, and 65 km (40 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

In the interwar period, it was administratively located in Gmina Machory in the Opoczno County in the Kielce Voivodeship of Poland. According to the 1921 census, Afryka had a population of 93, entirely Polish by nationality and Roman Catholic by confession.

Opoczno
Opoczno ([ɔˈpɔt͡ʂnɔ] ⓘ) is a town in south-central Poland, seat of Opoczno County in the Łódź Voivodeship.

Founded in the Middle Ages, Opoczno is a former royal town of Poland, which used to be one of the most important urban centers of northwestern Lesser Poland. It prospered as a trade center due to its location at the intersection of important trade routes. Currently, Opoczno is an important road and rail junction; its patron saint is Saint Cecilia, and the town is famous across Poland for its folklore and ceramics manufacturing.
Czechia men's national under-18 ice hockey team
The Czech Republic men's national under-18 ice hockey team is the men's national under-18 ice hockey team of the Czech Republic. The team is controlled by the Czech Ice Hockey Association, a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation. The team represents the Czech Republic at the IIHF World U18 Championships.

Czech Ice Hockey Association
The Czech Ice Hockey Association (Czech: Český svaz ledního hokeje, ČSLH), also known by the shortened name Czech Ice Hockey (Czech: Český hokej), is the governing body of ice hockey and sledge hockey in Czechia. It is a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) and controls the majority of organized ice hockey in the Czech Republic.
Decatur Township, Marion County, Indiana
Decatur Township is one of the nine townships in Marion County, Indiana, United States, and part of the consolidated city of Indianapolis. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 36,951. Located in the southwest corner of the county, the township is home to the Indianapolis International Airport main terminal. It is one of the most rural sections of the county, but has seen many new residential and commercial developments. AmeriPlex, one of the largest industrial parks in Indiana, is in Decatur Township. Through the White River, Decatur and Perry townships share the only water boundary among Marion County's townships.

Marion County, Indiana
Marion County is located in the U.S. state of Indiana. The 2020 United States census reported a population of 977,203, making it the 54th-most populous county in the U.S., the most populous county in the state, and the main population center of the 11-county Indianapolis–Carmel–Greenwood MSA in central Indiana. Indianapolis is the county seat, the state capital, and most populous city. Marion County is consolidated with Indianapolis through an entity known as Unigov.
Richacls
Richacls is a Linux implementation of the NFSv4 ACLs which has been extended by file masks to more easily fit the proprietary POSIX draft file permission model.
Nowadays, they offer the most complex permission model for ext4 file system in Linux. They are even more complex than POSIX draft ACLs, which means it is not possible to convert back from Richacls to Linux' implementation of the POSIX draft ACLs without losing information. One of the most important advantages is that they distinguish between write and append permission, between delete and delete child permissions, and make ACL management access discretionary (as opposed to only being only root and the file owner). They are also designed to support Windows interoperability.

Richacls use ext4 extended file attributes (xattrs) to store ACLs.

Extended file attributes
Extended file attributes are file system features that enable users to associate computer files with metadata not interpreted by the filesystem, whereas regular attributes have a purpose strictly defined by the filesystem (such as permissions or records of creation and modification times). Unlike forks, which can usually be as large as the maximum file size, extended attributes are usually limited in size to a value significantly smaller than the maximum file size. Typical uses include storing the author of a document, the character encoding of a plain-text document, or a checksum, cryptographic hash or digital certificate, and discretionary access control information.

In Unix-like systems, extended attributes are usually abbreviated as xattr.
Alvi Ahmed
Alvi Ahmed (Bengali: আলভী আহমেদ) is a Bangladeshi director and script writer in both television and cinema. He has directed around 100 dramas and a full-length feature film. He was nominated several times for the "Meril Prothom Alo Awards". In 2015, his directed film "U-Turn" got released in more than 80 movie theatres around the country. He is a translator. He has also translated some stories and novels of the famous Japanese writer Haruki Murakami.

Meril-Prothom Alo Awards
The Meril-Prothom Alo Awards, or simply Prothom Alo Awards, is an annual Bangladeshi awards ceremony honouring cinematic achievements in Bangladeshi Film Industry. The awards are divided into two components, Viewers' Choice and Critics' Choice. The awards were first presented in 1998 and since then the awards are given every year at the Bangladesh China Friendship Conference Center.

Meril-Prothom Alo Awards receive the highest number of viewers among Bangladesh's awards ceremonies. The awards are considered Bangladeshi equivalent to The Oscars.
KUNV
KUNV (91.5 FM) is a non-commercial, listener-supported, public radio station licensed to Las Vegas, Nevada.  It airs smooth jazz radio format and is owned by the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV).  The studios and offices are located in Greenspun Hall along University Road at Maryland Parkway on the UNLV campus.

KUNV is a Class C1 station.  It has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 12,000 watts.  The transmitter is on Arden Peak in Henderson.  KUNV broadcasts using HD Radio technology.  Its HD2 subchannel plays a Top 40, hip-hop, and electronic dance music (EDM) format produced by UNLV students.  The HD3 subchannel carries a News/Talk format simulcasting the other public radio station owned by the Nevada System of Higher Education, KUNR.

Henderson, Nevada
Henderson is a city in Clark County, Nevada, United States, about 16 miles (26 km) southeast of  Las Vegas. It is the 2nd most populous city in Nevada, after Las Vegas, with 317,610 residents as of the 2020 census. The city is part of the Las Vegas Valley.

Henderson is notable for its extensive system of outdoor recreation facilities, including over 220 miles (350 km) of trails and 72 parks.

Incorporated in 1953, Henderson was originally known for its role in magnesium production during World War II. Since then, it has grown rapidly through the development of master planned communities starting with the large Green Valley neighborhood, redevelopment and reinvestment after the PEPCON disaster, and the city government's historically proactive planning and management.
New Hudson Motorcycles
New Hudson Motorcycles was a British motorcycle manufacturer. Founded in 1903 by George Patterson  in Birmingham, their first motorcycle was produced in 1902 but was unsuccessful. The New Hudson range expanded between 1910 and 1915 using JAP engines, then the factory joined the war effort until 1919. As well as side-valve and OHV single-cylinder engines of 350 to 600 cc, they also built a 211 cc two-stroke and a number of three-wheelers with MAG engines. In 1927 Bert le Vack broke the 100 miles per hour (160 km/h) record at Brooklands on a 500 cc New Hudson.

The firm stopped motorcycle production in 1932 and changed their name to Girling Ltd – which still exists as a brake-component company.  Bikes were made under the New Hudson name after the Second World War, when they became a subsidiary of Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) and manufactured successful autocycles until 1957.

Motosacoche
Motosacoche was founded in 1899, by Henri and Armand Dufaux, in Geneva, Switzerland. Motosacoche was once the biggest Swiss motorcycle manufacturer, known also for its MAG (Motosacoche Acacias Genève) engines, used by other European motorcycle manufacturers.
Hercules Slaying Antaeus
Hercules slaying Antaeus, c. 1460, is a painting by the Florentine artist Antonio del Pollaiuolo. It is small at 6 x 3 1/2 inches, painted in egg tempera on a panel of wood. It is now in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence.

The painting shows the mythical giant Antaeus, son of Gaia, goddess of the Earth, being crushed to death in the arms of Heracles. Hercules was a Florentine hero, regarded as an image of the Florentine state – its ruthless and warlike spirit – which furthered its political and economic success.

It is assumed that both this and Hercules Slaying the Hydra are miniature copies by the artist of two out of the three enormous (some 12 feet square) paintings on canvas of the Labours of Hercules commissioned from Antonio and Piero del Pollaiuolo by Piero di Cosimo de' Medici for the Sala Grande of the Palazzo Medici in the 1460s, which have now been lost.

Uffizi
The Uffizi Gallery (UK: /juːˈfɪtsi, ʊˈfiːtsi/ yoo-FIT-see, uu-FEET-see; Italian: Galleria degli Uffizi, pronounced [ɡalleˈriːa deʎʎ ufˈfittsi]) is a prominent art museum adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy. One of the most important Italian museums and the most visited, it is also one of the largest and best-known in the world and holds a collection of priceless works, particularly from the period of the Italian Renaissance.

After the ruling House of Medici died out, their art collections were given to the city of Florence under the famous Patto di famiglia ("family pact") negotiated by Anna Maria Luisa, the last Medici heiress. The Uffizi is one of the first modern museums. The gallery had been open to visitors by request since the sixteenth century, and in 1769 it was officially opened to the public, formally becoming a museum in 1865.
Fulton Log House
The Fulton Log House in Upper St. Clair Township, Pennsylvania, was built circa 1830.  The log house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 6, 1975.

Alexander Gilfillan settled in Upper St. Clair Township in the late 1760s and eventually owned 413 acres. About 1830, he or his son, John, built houses for his workers including four or five log houses, with only one surviving to the present. This house remained in the Gilfillan Family until 1899. James E. and Emily Fulton bought the house in 1923 as a summer home.  Their son James Grove Fulton was a lifelong bachelor and served in the U.S. Congress from 1945 to 1971.  His estate sold the house to Upper St. Clair Township in 1972.

The 1830 Log House Association restored the house and now uses it for educational purposes.

Log cabin
A log cabin is a small log house, especially a minimally finished or less architecturally sophisticated structure. Log cabins have an ancient history in Europe, and in North America are often associated with first-generation home building by settlers. Construction with logs was described by the Roman architect Vitruvius Pollio in his architectural treatise De Architectura. He described the log-based dwellings in Pontus.
Górki Grabińskie
Górki Grabińskie [ˈɡurki ɡraˈbiɲskʲɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Widawa, within Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Widawa, 18 km (11 mi) south-west of Łask, and 50 km (31 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Łask
Łask ([wask]) is a town in central Poland with 16,925 inhabitants (2020). It is the capital of Łask County, and is situated in Łódź Voivodeship. It is located in the Sieradz Land.

A town with some 1,000 years of history, Łask is a former residential town of the Łaski noble family under whose patronage it was developed into a notable regional center of trade and crafts. It contains heritage Gothic and Baroque churches and a local historical museum. It is located near the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok. The Polish Air Force's 32nd Air Base is located nearby.
Calley Means
Calley Means (born September 28, 1985) is an American lobbyist, entrepreneur, and conspiracy theorist serving as a senior advisor for the United States Department of Health and Human Services since 2025. Earlier that year, he was a special government employee (SGE).

Special government employee
In United States federal law, a special government employee (SGE)  is an advisor, expert or consultant who is appointed to work with the federal government. The role of special government employees is defined in Title 18 of the United States Code (U.S.C.) § 202.
William Sawers
William Bowie Stewart Campbell Sawers (1844 – 19 May 1916) was a Scottish-born Australian politician. Born in Stirlingshire in Scotland, where he was educated, he migrated to Australia in 1865, becoming a grazier with large holdings. In 1885 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the member for Bourke, holding the seat until 1886; later, in 1898, he was elected to the seat of Tamworth. In 1901 he resigned from the Legislative Assembly in order to contest the first federal election as the Protectionist candidate for New England; he won narrowly. He was defeated in 1903 by a Free Trade candidate. Sawers died in 1916.

Protectionist Party
The Protectionist Party, also known as the Protectionist Liberal Party or Liberal Protectionist Party, was an Australian political party, formally organised from 1887 until 1909, with policies centred on protectionism. The party advocated protective tariffs, arguing it would allow Australian industry to grow and provide employment. It had its greatest strength in Victoria and in the rural areas of New South Wales. Its most prominent leaders were Sir Edmund Barton and Alfred Deakin, who were the first and second prime ministers of Australia.
Khovanshchina (film)
Khovanshchina (Russian: Хованщина) is a 1959 Soviet musical drama film, directed by Vera Stroyeva and based on the eponymous opera by 19th-century Russian composer Modest Mussorgsky. For his adaptation of Mussorgsky's score, Dmitri Shostakovich was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Scoring of a Musical Picture. The music was conducted by Yevgeny Svetlanov.

Academy Award for Best Original Score
The Academy Award for Best Original Score is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to the best substantial body of music in the form of dramatic underscoring written specifically for the film by the submitting composer. Some pre-existing music is allowed, though, but a contending film must include a minimum of original music. This minimum since 2021 is established as 35% of the music, which is raised to 80% for sequels and franchise films. Fifteen scores are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
2013 Tajik presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Tajikistan on 6 November 2013. Incumbent President Emomali Rahmon was re-elected with a reported 84% of the vote on a turnout of 86.6%.

In power since 1992, Rahmon was seeking a new term in office, and was widely expected to be re-elected. None of his five opponents, who were "virtual unknowns even inside the country", publicly criticised him, while Oynihol Bobonazarova, a human rights activist generally regarded as the only real opposition candidate was prevented from running, having narrowly failed to obtain sufficient signatures to register as a candidate. Her Islamic Revival Party blamed local authorities for harassing party activists who were seeking to collect signatures.

Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan
The Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan also known as the Islamic Revival Party of Tajikistan, is a banned Islamist political party in Tajikistan. Until 2015, when it was designated a terrorist organisation, it was the only legal Islamist party in Central Asia.
Juliet-Jane Horne
Juliet-Jane Horne is a Scottish model and beauty pageant titleholder. She was crowned the 2nd runner-up at the Miss World 2001 competition and earned the title 'Europe's Queen of Beauty'. As the highest-ranked British beauty at this event, Juliet was also awarded the title of Miss United Kingdom.

Miss World 2001
Miss World 2001 was the 51st edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Super Bowl of Sun City Entertainment Centre in Sun City, South Africa, on 16 November 2001.

Priyanka Chopra of India crowned Agbani Darego of Nigeria as her successor at the end of the event. This is the first time Nigeria won the title of Miss World.
Joseph Bellinger
Joseph Bellinger (1773 – January 10, 1830) was a slave owner and U.S. Representative from South Carolina. He was born at the Bellinger Plantation in Saint Bartholomew Parish, Ashepoo in Colleton County in the Province of South Carolina and was a planter by trade. He owned the "Aeolian Lawn" slave plantation.

He served as member of the State house of representatives from 1802 to 1809 and of the State senate from Barnwell District from 1810 to 1813. Bellinger was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817 – March 3, 1819). He was not a candidate for reelection to the Sixteenth Congress.

He died at Charleston, South Carolina, on January 10, 1830, aged around 56 years old.  He was interred in the Bellinger private burial ground, Poco Sabo Plantation, Ashepoo, South Carolina.

Province of South Carolina
The Province of South Carolina, originally known as Clarendon Province, was a province of the Kingdom of Great Britain that existed in North America from 1712 to 1776. It was one of the five Southern colonies and one of the Thirteen Colonies in America of the British Empire. The monarch of Great Britain was represented by the Governor of South Carolina, until the colonies declared independence on July 4, 1776.
National Route 39 (Costa Rica)
National Primary Route 39, or just Route 39 (Spanish: Ruta Nacional Primaria 39, or Ruta 39) is a National Road Route of Costa Rica, located in the San José province. Its official name is Paseo de la Segunda República (Second Republic Drive), is also known as Carretera de Circunvalación (Loop Road), and is a ring road encircling the central districts of San José canton, the capital of the country.

Ring road
A ring road (also known as circular road, beltline, beltway, circumferential (high)way, loop or orbital) is a road or a series of connected roads encircling a town, city or country. The most common purpose of a ring road is to assist in reducing traffic volumes in the urban centre, such as by offering an alternate route around the city for drivers who do not need to stop in the city core. Ring roads can also serve to connect suburbs to each other, allowing efficient travel between them.