hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rodolfo Lanciani
Rodolfo Amedeo Lanciani (1 January 1845 – 22 May 1929) was an Italian archaeologist, a pioneering student of  ancient Roman topography. Among his many excavations was that of the House of the Vestals in the Roman Forum.

Lanciani earned LL.D. degrees from Aberdeen, Glasgow, and Harvard and a Ph.D. degree from Würzburg.

House of the Vestals
The House of the Vestal Virgins (Latin: Atrium Vestae; Italian: Casa delle Vestali) was the residence of Vestal Virgins, located behind the circular Temple of Vesta at the eastern edge of the Roman Forum, between the Regia and the Palatine Hill. The domus publica, where the Pontifex Maximus dwelled, was located near the Atrium until that role was assumed by the emperors.
Volkswagen C Coupe GTE
The Volkswagen C Coupe GTE is a concept automobile first shown in April 2015 at Auto Shanghai. The four-door saloon is a plug-in hybrid, powered by a 2.0L turbocharged gasoline engine coupled with an electric motor, and was intended to preview an upcoming car for the Chinese market, positioned between the Passat and the Phaeton models. An updated version of the C Coupe GTE has been produced by SAIC Volkswagen and sold exclusively in China as the Phideon starting in July 2016.

Volkswagen Phaeton
The Volkswagen Phaeton ( /ˈfeɪtən/ FAY-tən) (Typ 3D) is a full-size sedan/saloon manufactured by the German automobile manufacturer Volkswagen, described by Volkswagen as their "premium class" vehicle. Introduced at the 2002 Geneva Motor Show, the Phaeton was marketed worldwide. Sales in North America ended in 2006 and global sales ended in 2016.

The name Phaeton derives from Phaëton, the son of Phoebus (or Helios) in Greek mythology, by way of the phaeton auto body style and the type of horse-drawn carriage that preceded it.

Production ended in March 2016 and an all-electric second generation was slated to be produced. Starting in April 2017, the Transparent Factory Dresden began assembling the e-Golf instead.
Mario Bailey
Mario Bailey (born November 30, 1970) is an American former professional football player. He is the all-time receptions leader in NFL Europe. He played for the Frankfurt Galaxy from 1995 through 2000 and was a favorite player of the local German fans.

Bailey played college football for the Washington Huskies, earning consensus All-American honors in 1991. He was selected by the Houston Oilers in the sixth round of the 1992 NFL draft. He was also drafted by the Orlando Rage of the XFL with the 52nd pick in the 2001 XFL draft. In 2003, Bailey played in the Arena Football League with the Detroit Fury.

Bailey is a former high school football coach at his alma mater, Franklin High School in Seattle, Washington, and is a member of the Seattle Seahawks high school council.

Orlando Rage
The Orlando Rage was an American football team based in Orlando, Florida as part of the XFL, begun by Vince McMahon of the World Wrestling Federation and by NBC, a major television network in the United States.
HyImpulse
HyImpulse is a German private space launch enterprise headquartered in Neuenstadt am Kocher and developing a small launch vehicle designed around hybrid-propellant rockets. The company is a DLR spinoff founded in 2018 out of the chemical propulsion center of the German space agency's Lampoldshausen facility. HyImpulse is bankrolled by Rudolf Schwarz, chairman of German technology company IABG.

Neuenstadt am Kocher
Neuenstadt, usually known as Neuenstadt am Kocher (German: [ˈnɔʏənʃtat ʔam ˈkɔxɐ] ⓘ; and until as late as 1800 also known as Neuenstadt an der großen Linde) is a town in Baden-Württemberg in south-western Germany with 9,600 inhabitants. It consists of Neuenstadt, the villages of Stein am Kocher, Kochertürn, Cleversulzbach and Bürg and the hamlets Brambacher Hof (part of Kochertürn), Buchhof and Lobenbacher Hof (part of Stein). The name Neuenstadt is derived from the "der neuen Stadt" or "New Town" in English.
Joel Smoller
Joel Alan Smoller (2 January 1936 – 27 September 2017) was an American mathematician.

Joel Smoller was born in Brooklyn on 2 January 1936 to parents Benjamin, a taxicab driver, and Olga, who died when he was young. Smoller attended New York University, and completed his doctoral work at Purdue University in 1963, after which he taught at the University of Michigan. In 1970, he was appointed a full professor, and assumed the Lamberto Cesari Collegiate Professorship of Mathematics in 1998. He was editor of Transactions of the American Mathematical Society from 1981 to 1985, and later the Journal for Applicable Analysis. Smoller was award a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1979, the George David Birkhoff Prize in 2009, and elected to fellowship of the American Mathematical Society in 2013, a member of its inaugural class of fellows. Smoller retired in June 2017, and died, aged 81, on 27 September 2017. Following his death, the Joel Smoller Graduate Fellowship was established.

Cathleen Synge Morawetz Prize
The AMS–SIAM Cathleen Synge Morawetz Prize in Applied Mathematics is awarded jointly by the American Mathematical Society (AMS) and the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) in honor of Cathleen Synge Morawetz.  Prior to 2025, it was known as the AMS–SIAM George David Birkhoff Prize in Applied Mathematics, in honor of George David Birkhoff. It is currently awarded every three years for an outstanding contribution to "applied mathematics in the highest and broadest sense". The recipient of the prize has to be a member of one of the awarding societies, as well as a resident of the United States, Canada, or Mexico. The prize was endowed in 1967 and first issued in 1968.  As of 2026, it amounts to US$5,000.
Pseudomonas extremaustralis
Pseudomonas extremaustralis is an extreme cold-resistant (psychrotolerant), Gram-negative bacterium from the genus Pseudomonas. It was first isolated in Antarctica and is known for producing the polymer, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) that helps with bacterial survival and other biodegradable polymers that exhibit industrial potential. It is also known for its adaptability to cold environments.

DNA–DNA hybridization
In genomics, DNA–DNA hybridization is a molecular biology technique that measures the degree of genetic similarity between DNA sequences. It is used to determine the genetic distance between two organisms and has been used extensively in phylogeny and taxonomy.
Chris Hurt
Chris Hurt (born July 5, 1972) is an American politician. A Republican, he represents District 82, which contains parts of Lauderdale, Haywood, and Crockett counties, in the Tennessee House of Representatives.

Tennessee House of Representatives
The Tennessee House of Representatives is the lower house of the Tennessee General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Tennessee. The House convenes, along with the Senate, at the Tennessee State Capitol in Nashville.
Bo Mothander
Bo Mothander was a Swedish figure skater. Competing in single skating, he was a ten-time Swedish national champion, the 1946 Nordic champion, and placed 6th at the 1939 European Championships in Davos, Switzerland. He also competed in pair skating with Gun Ericson and Britta Råhlén. Råhlén/Mothander won seven consecutive national titles. In 1943, the pair had traveled to Berlin to perform at the Sportpalast when the city was bombed. They were not injured. Mothander competed in singles and pairs until 1946.

1939 European Figure Skating Championships
The 1939 European Figure Skating Championships were held in Davos, Switzerland (men), London, United Kingdom (ladies), and Zakopane, Poland (pairs). Elite senior-level figure skaters from European ISU member nations competed for the title of European Champion in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, and pair skating.
Lycée Pierre-Corneille
The Lycée Pierre-Corneille (French pronunciation: [lise pjɛʁ kɔʁnɛj]; also known as the Lycée Corneille) is a state secondary school located in the city of Rouen, France.

Founded by the Jesuits in 1593, the school was secularized following the 1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State, and is today non-religious and governed by the French Ministry of Education.

The school adopted the name of the playwright Pierre Corneille in 1873, and was classified as a national heritage site in December 1985.

Secondary education in France
In France, secondary education is in two stages:

Collèges (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ]) cater for the first four years of secondary education from the ages of 11 to 14.

Lycées (French pronunciation: [lise]) provide a three-year course of further secondary education for students between the ages of 15 and 19 (although some lycées host higher education courses like CPGE or BTS). Pupils are prepared for the baccalauréat (French pronunciation: [bakaloʁea]; baccalaureate, colloquially known as bac, previously bachot), which can lead to higher education studies or directly to professional life. There are three main types of baccalauréat: the baccalauréat général, baccalauréat technologique and baccalauréat professionnel.
National Theatre Workshop of the Handicapped
National Theatre Workshop of the Handicapped (NTWH) was a New York City-based repertory theatre company and theatre school, providing training and performing space for writers and performers with disabilities, founded in 1977 by Father Rick Curry, S.J. NTWH had programs for acting, singing, voice, writing, and theatre production, and thousands of theatre students and performers with disabilities participated in the company's programs in New York City as well as a campus in Belfast, Maine.

Belfast, Maine
Belfast is a city in Waldo County, Maine, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 6,938. Located at the mouth of the Passagassawakeag River estuary on Belfast Bay and Penobscot Bay. Belfast is the county seat of Waldo County. Its seaport has a wealth of historic architecture in several historic districts, and remains popular with tourists.
Ziyad Al-Aly
Ziyad Al-Aly is an American physician and clinical epidemiologist who is currently Director of the Clinical Epidemiology Center and Chief of the Research and Development at the Veterans Affairs St. Louis Health Care System. He is also a clinical epidemiologist at Washington University in St. Louis. He has led multiple studies on Long COVID and its sequelae.

Clinical epidemiology
Clinical epidemiology is a subfield of epidemiology specifically focused on issues relevant to clinical medicine. The term was first introduced by virologist John R. Paul in his presidential address to the American Society for Clinical Investigation in 1938. It is sometimes referred to as "the basic science of clinical medicine".
Laz language
The Laz or Lazuri language (Laz: ლაზური ნენა, romanized: lazuri nena) is a Kartvelian language spoken by the Laz people on the southeastern shore of the Black Sea. In 2007, it was estimated that there were around 20,000 native speakers in Turkey, in a strip of land extending from Melyat to the Georgian border (officially called Lazistan until 1925), and around 1,000 native speakers around Adjara in Georgia. There are also around 1,000 native speakers of Laz in Germany.

Laz is not historically a written language or literary language. In 1989, Benninghaus wrote that the Laz themselves had no interest in writing in Laz.

Melyat
Melyat, is one of the main water streams of Pazar and Çayeli in the eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. Melyat is 20.3 kilometres (12.6 mi) long. It is 28 km from the city center of Rize. The source of the river is Cegalver Mountain in Hemşin district. River borders the villages of Zafer, Yavuzlar, Erenler, Çınartepe, Kaçkar, Kestanelik, Tektaş, Güneyköy, Şendere, Kuzayca, Örnek, Merdivenli, Leventköy and Balıkçı respectively.
2022 Generali Open Kitzbühel – Singles
Roberto Bautista Agut defeated Filip Misolic in the final, 6–2, 6–2 to win the singles tennis title at the 2022 Generali Open Kitzbühel.

Casper Ruud was the reigning champion, but withdrew before the tournament.

Roberto Bautista Agut
Roberto Bautista Agut (Spanish pronunciation: [roˈβeɾto βawˈtista aˈɣut]; born 14 April 1988) is a Spanish professional tennis player. He has been ranked as high as world No. 9 by the ATP in singles, achieved on 4 November 2019. His most significant final has been the 2016 Shanghai Masters. His best Grand Slam result is reaching the semifinals at 2019 Wimbledon. Bautista Agut has won twelve ATP singles titles out of twenty three finals, the biggest being the ATP 500 title in Dubai.
Joost de Soete
Joost de Soete or de Zoete, Lord of Villers or Villiers, (1510–1520, Sluis – March 1589, The Hague) was a Dutch nobleman and Field Marshal  who fought in the early years of the Eighty Years' War.

De Soete was the third son Alexander de Zoete, knight and governor of Zeeland, and Johanna van Ranst, lady of Hautin, who had married in 1502.

In 1580, he was Commander of Bouchout. In March 1589 he was mortally wounded at the battle at Geertruidenberg. He was brought to The Hague where he soon died.

His coat of arms were a black twill with silver chevron.

Capture of Geertruidenberg (1589)
The Capture of Geertruidenberg of 1589, also known as the English betrayal of Geertruidenberg, took place on April 10, 1589, at Geertruidenberg, Duchy of Brabant, Flanders (present-day the Netherlands), during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604).
Luna Park, Melbourne
Luna Park Melbourne is a historic amusement park located on the foreshore of Port Phillip Bay in St Kilda, Melbourne, Victoria. It opened on 13 December 1912, with a formal opening a week later, and has been operating almost continuously ever since.

Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters
Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters (PTC) is one of the oldest existing roller coaster manufacturing companies in the world. Based in Hatfield, Pennsylvania, it was established in 1904 by Henry B. Auchy and Chester Albright under the name Philadelphia Toboggan Company. The company manufactured carousels, wooden roller coasters, toboggans (roller coaster cars) and later, roller coaster trains.
Diprogulic acid
Diprogulic acid (also known as dikegulac) is a precursor used in commercial ascorbic acid production.  In agriculture, its sodium salt, dikegulac sodium, is used as a plant growth regulator, primarily used as a branching agent.  When it is taken up by a plant, dikegulac sodium is translocated to its apical meristems, where it inhibits DNA synthesis.  This suppresses apical dominance in the plant and can stimulate lateral branching, resulting in a bushier growth habit.  Dikegulac sodium is sometimes used to inhibit fruiting and flowering.

Precursor (chemistry)
In chemistry, a precursor is a compound that participates in a chemical reaction that produces another compound.

In biochemistry, the term "precursor" often refers more specifically to a chemical compound preceding another in a metabolic pathway, such as a protein precursor.
Ondřej Bank
Ondřej Bank (Czech pronunciation: [ˈondr̝ɛj ˈbaŋk]; born 27 October 1980) is a Czech retired World Cup alpine ski racer.

Born in Zábřeh na Moravě, Bank began his international career in 1995 when he first competed at the Junior World Championship. His first World Cup race was in January 2001. Bank is a specialist in the combined event, and his two podiums came at Beaver Creek and Kitzbühel.

His biggest achievement is fifth place in the Giant Slalom at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. At the time, it was the best Czech Olympic skiing result since Peter Jurko placed fifth in the combined in 1988 at Calgary Olympics. On 22 February 2016 he announced that he would retire from skiing after bad results in the 2016 season. He didn't win any points with 10 starts. His last race was on 16 January 2016, a downhill in Wengen.

Hahnenkamm, Kitzbühel
The Hahnenkamm is a mountain in Europe, directly southwest of Kitzbühel in the Kitzbühel Alps of Austria. The elevation of its summit is 1,712 metres (5,617 ft) above sea level.

The Hahnenkamm (German: rooster's comb) is part of the ski resort of Kitzbühel, and hosts an annual World Cup alpine ski race, the Hahnenkammrennen. The most famous slope on the Hahnenkamm is the classic downhill course, the Streif (streak, or stripe), which is regarded as the most demanding race course on the World Cup circuit.  The course features highly technical, "fall-away" turns (reverse bank), many with limited visibility. It also contains several flat gliding sections, immediately preceded by difficult turns, placing a premium on both technical and gliding skills. The Streif is located on the mountain's northeast face which in January is mostly in the shade, adding the difficulty of flat vision to the already exceptionally demanding run.
Volkswagen LT
The Volkswagen LT is the largest light commercial panel van produced by Volkswagen (and subsequently Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles as of 1996) from 1975 to 2006, before being replaced by the Crafter. Two generations were produced.

Straight-five engine
The straight-five engine (also referred to as an inline-five engine; abbreviated I5 or L5) is a piston engine with five cylinders mounted in a straight line along the crankshaft.

Although less common than straight-four engines and straight-six engines, straight-five engine designs have been used by automobile manufacturers since the late 1930s.  The most notable examples include the Mercedes Benz's diesel engines from 1974 to 2006 and Audi's petrol engines from 1979 to the present. Straight-five engines are smoother running than straight-four engines and shorter than straight-six engines. However, achieving consistent fueling across all cylinders was problematic prior to the adoption of fuel injection.
Timberhouse
Timberhouse is a historic plantation house located at Newberry, Newberry County, South Carolina.  It was built about 1858 by Jacob Kibler, and is a two-story, weatherboarded Greek Revival style dwelling.  It features double-tiered full-width porches supported by six square wood pillars and exterior end chimneys.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Kibler, who built the residence, owned 68 slaves in 1850, eight years before Timberhouse was constructed.

Newberry County, South Carolina
Newberry County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 37,719. Its county seat is Newberry. The name is of unknown origin, although one theory suggests that it was named by Quaker settlers in honor of their home of Newberry, a suburb of London in the United Kingdom. Newberry County comprises the Newberry, SC micropolitan statistical area.
Li Hua
Li Hua (simplified Chinese: 李桦; traditional Chinese: 李樺; pinyin: Lǐ Huà; March 6, 1907 − May 5, 1994) was a Chinese woodcut artist and communist known for his participation in left-wing activities. He was born in Panyu, Guangdong.

Panyu, Guangzhou
Panyu, formerly romanized as Punyü, is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China. Since January 1975, Panyu County has been under Guangzhou's administration. In 1992, Panyu County was renamed to Panyu county-level city, still under Guangzhou's administration. It was subsequently renamed to Panyu District on 10 July 2000. The present district covers an area of about 530 km2 (200 sq mi).
Andor Elbert
Andor Elbert (October 29, 1934 – May 27, 2014) was born in Budapest, Hungary and later immigrated to Canada after the 1956 Hungarian Revolution and became a Canadian sprint canoer who competed in the mid-1960s. He finished seventh in the C-2 1000 m event at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Partner was Fred Heese. He founded Mosomedve Laundromat in Hungary in 2004. He died on 27th May 2014 in Novato, California, USA.

Novato, California
Novato (Spanish for "Novatus") is a city in Marin County, California, United States, situated in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. At the 2020 census, Novato had a population of 53,225.
Yeshiva of Far Rockaway
Yeshiva of Far Rockaway (also known as Yeshiva Derech Ayson (Hebrew: יְשִׁיבָה דֶרֶךְ אֵיתָן) and Derech Ayson Rabbinical Seminary) is a yeshiva located at 802 Hicksville Road, Far Rockaway, Queens in New York City. It comprises a high school, beis medrash, and Kollel. The school was founded by Rabbi Yechiel Yitzchok Perr, and by Rabbi Nachman Bulman. Rabbi Yechiel Yitzchok Perr was the  rosh yeshiva (dean) until his death in May 2024, and was succeeded by his son, Rabbi Moshe Perr. It has intensive Talmudic studies, and features the rosh yeshiva's musar (ethics) lectures in the Novardok tradition. The yeshiva also has a kollel, Kollel Ner Rochel Leah, for married students.

Beth midrash
A beth midrash (Hebrew: בית מדרש, "house of learning"; pl.: batei midrash), also beis medrash, bais midrash, or beit midrash, is a hall dedicated for Torah study, often translated as a "study hall". It is distinct from a synagogue (beth knesseth), although the two are often coextensive. In Yiddish the beth midrash may be referred to as a zal, i.e. "hall". Beis midrash can also refer to a yeshiva gedolah, the undergraduate-level program in Orthodoxy, for boys over 12th grade.

The Arabic term "madrasah" is derived from the same Semitic root, and refers to any type of educational institution. The root דרש means "to seek [knowledge]" and is then generalized to mean "expound".
Strażnica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Strażnica [straʐˈnit͡sa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Smyków, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-east of Smyków, 14 km (9 mi) south of Końskie, and 26 km (16 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Końskie
Końskie [ˈkɔɲskʲɛ] ⓘ (Yiddish: Kinsk, קינצק / קינסק) is a town in south-central Poland, with 20,328 inhabitants (2008), situated in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Historically, Końskie belongs to the province of Lesser Poland, and since its foundation, until 1795 (see Partitions of Poland), it was part of Lesser Poland's Sandomierz Voivodeship.
John Sirica
John Joseph Sirica (March 19, 1904 – August 14, 1992) was an American lawyer and jurist who was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia from 1957 to 1992. Sirica became known in the early 1970s for presiding over the federal criminal trials relating to the origins of the Watergate scandal, which eventually led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon.

United States District Court for the District of Columbia
The United States District Court for the District of Columbia (in case citations, D.D.C.) is a federal district court in Washington, D.C. Along with the United States District Court for the District of Hawaii and the High Court of American Samoa, it also sometimes handles federal issues that arise in the territory of American Samoa, which has no local federal court or territorial court.

Appeals from the District Court are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, except for patent claims and claims against the United States federal government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit.

The United States Attorney for the District of Columbia is Jeanine Pirro.