hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Popielina-Towarzystwo
Popielina-Towarzystwo [pɔpjɛˈlina tɔvaˈʐɨstfɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lututów, within Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-west of Lututów, 20 km (12 mi) north-east of Wieruszów, and 87 km (54 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieruszów County
Wieruszów County (Polish: powiat wieruszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Wieruszów, which lies 106 kilometres (66 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 576.22 square kilometres (222.5 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 42,336, out of which the population of Wieruszów is 8,759 and the rural population is 33,577.
Cedrick Juan
Paul Cedrick Gutierrez Juan (born June 26, 1990) is a Filipino theater, movie, and television actor. He is best known for portraying the role of Fr. José Burgos in the historical film GomBurZa,  for which he received the Best Actor award at the 2023 Metro Manila Film Festival.

Metro Manila Film Festival Award for Best Actor
The Metro Manila Film Festival Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA). It was first awarded at the 1st Metro Manila Film Festival ceremony, held in 1975; Joseph Estrada received the award for his role in Diligan Mo ng Hamog ang Uhaw na Lupa and it is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. Currently, nominees and winners are determined by Executive Committees, headed by the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority Chairman and key members of the film industry.
Sahaja
Sahaja (Prakrit languages: সহজ Sanskrit: सहज sahaja) is spontaneous liberating knowledge in Indian Tantric and Tibetan Buddhist religions. Sahaja practices first arose in Bengal during the 8th century among yogis called Sahajiya siddhas.

Ananda Coomaraswamy describes its significance as "the last achievement of all thought", and "a recognition of the identity of spirit and matter, subject and object", continuing "There is then no sacred or profane, spiritual or sensual, but everything that lives is pure and void."

Prakrit
Prakrit (/ˈprɑːkrɪt/ PRAH-krit) is a group of vernacular classical Middle Indo-Aryan languages that were used in the Indian subcontinent from around the 5th century BCE to the 12th century CE. The term Prakrit is usually applied to the middle period of the Middle Indo-Aryan languages, excluding Pali.

The oldest stage of Middle Indo-Aryan language is attested in the inscriptions of Ashoka (c. 260 BCE), as well as in the earliest forms of Pāli, the language of the Theravāda Buddhist canon. The most prominent form of Prakrit is Ardhamāgadhı̄, associated with the ancient kingdom of Magadha, in modern Bihar, and the subsequent Mauryan Empire. Mahāvīra, the 24th and last Tīrthaṅkara of Jainism, was born in Magadha, and the earliest Jain texts were composed in Ardhamāgadhı̄.
Aidoo
Aidoo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ama Ata Aidoo (1940–2023), Ghanaian writer

Fiifi Aidoo (born 1996), Ghanaian-Finnish basketball player

Jonas Aidoo (born 2002), American basketball player

Joseph Aidoo (politician) (born 1957), Ghanaian politician

Joseph Aidoo (Ghanaian footballer) (born 1995), Ghanaian football (soccer) player

Kofi Aidoo (born 195?), Ghanaian writer

Kojo Aidoo (born 1978), Canadian football player

Lawrence Aidoo (born 1982), Ghanaian football (soccer) player

Paul Evans Aidoo (born 1958), Ghanaian politician

Jonas Aidoo
Jonas Parker Aidoo (born December 10, 2002) is an American basketball player for the Greensboro Swarm of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Tennessee Volunteers and the Arkansas Razorbacks.
Volcano (2018 film)
Volcano (in Ukrainian: «Вулкан», romanized: Vulkan; in German: Vulcan) is a 2018 Ukrainian-German-Monaco drama film, and the feature directorial debut of Roman Bondarchuk.  Through the character Lukas, an interpreter who is stranded in the region he was to help monitor for a security organization, the film examines the lives of people on the southern Ukrainian steppe who live in anarchic freedom, seemingly forgotten by the outside world.

The film premiered at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival (KVIFF) on 1 July 2018 in the East of the West program. It won several awards at international film festivals, including the Grand Prize at festivals in Armenia, Croatia and Morocco. The film has been noted for its stunning visuals and a documentary feel attained through cinéma vérité techniques and the casting of non-actors. Bondarchuk received the Shevchenko National Prize for directing the film.

Cinema of Germany
The cinema of Germany can be traced back to the late 19th century. The film industry in Germany made major technical and artistic contributions to early film, broadcasting and television technology. Babelsberg became a household synonym for the early 20th century film industry in Europe, similar to Hollywood later. Early German and German-speaking filmmakers and actors heavily contributed to early Hollywood, many of whom were Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution.

Germany witnessed major changes to its identity during the 20th and 21st century. Those changes determined the periodisation of national cinema into a succession of distinct eras and movements.

German movies and German artists earned 230 Oscar nominations and 54 Oscar wins.
Republican Army
Republican Army can refer to:

Irish Republican Army, a military organisation descended from the Irish Volunteers

Baloch Republican Army, a Baloch nationalist guerrilla army in Balochistan

Spanish Republican Army, the army of the Second Spanish Republic

Philippine Revolutionary Army, later renamed Philippine Republican Army.

Baloch Republican Army
The Baloch Republican Army (BRA) (Urdu: بلوچ ریپبلکن آرمی) was an armed militant group in Balochistan, Pakistan. In September 2010, the Government of Pakistan banned the Baloch Republican Army.

Brahumdagh Bugti was the head of BRA, until its merger with United Baloch Army (UBA). In 2017 Bugti's asylum request was rejected by Swiss authorities. The Swiss authorities said that Bugti's asylum request was rejected because he was involved in terror-related activities.

In January 2022,  Baloch Republican Army merged with  United Baloch Army, to form Baloch Nationalist Army (BNA). BRA and UBA also announced their dissolution following the establishment of Baloch Nationalist Army.
Aït Yahia
Aït Yahia is a commune in the Tizi Ouzou wilaya in northern Algeria, located 47 km to the southeast of Tizi Ouzou, 33 km to the south of Azazga, and 4 km northeast of Aïn El Hammam. The administrative center of the commune is the village of Ait Hichem [fr].

Communes of Algeria
The communes of Algeria (Arabic: بلدية (singular)), also known as municipalities, form the third level of administrative subdivisions of Algeria. As of 2002, there were 1,541 municipalities in the country. The municipalities are also known as communes (baladiyahs).
Marinada (wind)
The Marinada is a fall wind occurring mostly during summer in the Urgell region of Catalonia, in Spain. It blows from the south-east and usually arrives in the late afternoon. It is known by local people as a relief from the summer heat.

Urgell
Urgell (Catalan pronunciation: [urˈ(d)ʒeʎ]), also known as Baix Urgell (baix meaning "lower", by contrast with Alt Urgell "Upper Urgell"), is a comarca (county) in Ponent, Catalonia (Spain), forming only a borderland portion of the region historically known as Urgell, one of the Catalan counties.

The capital is the city of Tàrrega.
Isabelle Corey
Isabelle Corey (29 May 1939 – 6 February 2011) was a French actress and model.

Corey started modeling in Paris in her teens for magazines such as Jardin des Modes, Elle and Madame Figaro. She was discovered in the Latin Quarter, where she lived with her parents, by Jean-Pierre Melville and was offered the lead in his classic film noir, Bob le flambeur.

Bob le flambeur
Bob le flambeur (English translation": "Bob the Gambler" or "Bob the High Roller") is a 1956 French heist gangster film directed by Jean-Pierre Melville and starring Roger Duchesne as Bob. It is often considered both a film noir and a precursor to the French New Wave, the latter because of its use of handheld camera and a single jump cut.
Pfeffernüsse
Pfeffernüsse are small spice cookies, popular as a holiday treat with Germans and ethnic Mennonites in North America. Similar cookies are made in Denmark, and The Netherlands, as well. They are called Pfeffernüsse (plural, singular is Pfeffernuss) in German, pepernoten (sing. pepernoot) in Dutch, päpanät in Plautdietsch, pfeffernusse or peppernuts in English, and pebernødder in Danish.

Dough
Dough is a malleable, sometimes elastic paste made from flour (which itself is made from grains or from leguminous or chestnut crops). Dough is typically made by mixing flour with a small amount of water or other liquid and sometimes includes yeast or other leavening agents, as well as ingredients such as fats or flavourings.

Making and shaping dough begins the preparation of a wide variety of foodstuffs, particularly breads and bread-based items, but also including biscuits, cakes, cookies, dumplings, flatbreads, noodles, pasta, pastry, pizza, piecrusts, scones and similar items. Dough can be made from a wide variety of flour, commonly wheat and rye but also maize, rice, legumes, almonds, and other cereals or crops.
Tamasariya
Tamasariya  is a village development committee in Nawalparasi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. According to the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 6942 people living in 1195 individual households. It is located between the Madyabindu Community Forest and Girubari River. The economy of the VDC is highly dependent on remittance. Most of the people are engaged in animal husbandry and farming. Chormara is generally referred to as a major market area of the region, which includes Tamasariya Village Development Committee (VDC) and Narayani VDC. It serves as the administrative headquarters for Tamsariya VDC.

Lumbini Zone
Lumbini (Nepali: लुम्बिनी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. Within the zone is the city of Lumbini, widely believed to be the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism and renowned as a major Buddhist pilgrimage site. The zone's headquarters was Butwal.
Nitrogen compounds
The chemical element nitrogen is one of the most abundant elements in the universe and can form many compounds. It can take several oxidation states; but the most common oxidation states are −3 and +3. Nitrogen can form nitride and nitrate ions. It also forms a part of nitric acid and nitrate salts. Nitrogen compounds also have an important role in organic chemistry, as nitrogen is part of proteins, amino acids and adenosine triphosphate.

Nitrous acid
Nitrous acid (molecular formula HNO2) is a weak and monoprotic acid known only in solution, in the gas phase, and in the form of nitrite (NO−2) salts. It was discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, who called it "phlogisticated acid of niter". Nitrous acid is used to make diazonium salts from amines. The resulting diazonium salts are reagents in azo coupling reactions to give azo dyes.
Jan Mul
Jan Mul (20 September 1911 – 30 December 1971) was a Dutch composer, mainly of church music.  He was born in Haarlem and studied with Sem Dresden at the Amsterdam Conservatory; Mul orchestrated Dresden's opera Francois Villon after the composer's death.

Mul died at Overveen, aged 60.

Conservatorium van Amsterdam
The Conservatorium van Amsterdam (CvA) is a Dutch conservatoire of music located in Amsterdam. This school is the music division of the Amsterdam University of the Arts, the city's vocational university of arts. The Conservatorium van Amsterdam is the largest music academy in the Netherlands, offering programs in classical music, jazz, pop, electronic music, early music, music education, and opera.
Tordandrea
Tordandrea is a frazione of the comune of Assisi in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 190 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 898 inhabitants.

Italian National Institute of Statistics
The Italian National Institute of Statistics (Italian: Istituto nazionale di statistica; Istat) is the primary source of official statistics in Italy. The institute conducts a variety of activities, including the census of population, economic censuses, and numerous social, economic, and environmental surveys and analyses. Istat is the largest producer of statistical information in Italy and is actively involved in the European Statistical System, which is overseen by Eurostat.
Codex Seidelianus I
Codex Seidelianus I, also known as Codex Wolfii A and Codex Harleianus, is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels written on parchment. It is designated by the siglum Ge or 011 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and ε 87 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to the 9th or 10th century. The manuscript has some missing portions.

Vellum
Vellum is prepared animal skin or membrane, typically used as writing material. It is often distinguished from parchment, either by being made from calfskin, rather than the skin of other animals or simply by being of a higher quality. Vellum is prepared for writing and printing on single pages, scrolls, and codices.

Vellum is generally smooth and durable, but there can be great variations in texture due to the way it is made and the quality of the skin used. The making of vellum involves the cleaning, bleaching, stretching on a frame, and scraping of the skin with a lunellum.

Modern paper vellum is made of plant cellulose fibers and gets its name from having a similar use to actual vellum, as well as its high quality.
Joe McNulty
Joseph McNulty (17 July 1923 – 1986) was an Irish professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He played eight matches in the Football League for Burnley, with his league debut coming in the 1–2 defeat to Manchester United on 24 March 1951.

He later played for Bangor, Crusaders and Dundalk.

Bangor F.C.
Bangor Football Club is a semi-professional Northern Irish football club playing in the NIFL Premiership. The club, founded in 1918, hails from Bangor and plays its home matches at Clandeboye Park. Club colours are gold and royal blue.
Tillakaratne Sampath
Tillakaratne Mudiyanselage Nishan Sampath (born June 23, 1982, in Jaffna, Sri Lanka) (born Tuwan Mohammad Nishan Sampath) is a Sri Lankan first class cricketer and brother of Sri Lankan national cricket team player Tillakaratne Dilshan. He studied at the Kalutara Vidyalaya. He made his Twenty20 debut on 17 August 2004, for Bloomfield Cricket and Athletic Club against Police Sports Club in the 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament. His brother also played for the same team in Sampath's debut game. In April 2018, he was named in Dambulla's squad for the 2018 Super Provincial One Day Tournament.

In November 2021, he was selected to play for the Colombo Stars following the players' draft for the 2021 Lanka Premier League.

Kalutara Vidyalaya
Kalutara Vidyalaya (Sinhala: කළුතර විද්‍යාලය) is a Buddhist boys' school in Kalutara, Sri Lanka. The college was founded in 1941 by Sir Cyril de Zoysa. It is a national school providing primary and secondary education.
Perișoru
Perișoru is a commune in Călărași County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Mărculești-Gară, Perișoru, and Tudor Vladimirescu. As of 2021 the population of Perișoru is 4,705.

The commune is situated in the Bărăgan Plain, a steppe plain in the eastern part of the Wallachian Plain. It is located in the northeastern part of the county, 42 km (26 mi) from the county seat, Călărași, on the border with Ialomița County.

Perișoru is crossed by national road DN3A, which connects the town of Lehliu Gară, 64 km (40 mi) to the west, with the city of Fetești, 24 km (15 mi) to the east. The A2 motorway, which links Bucharest to Constanța, passes through the southern outskirts of the commune. The Perișoru train station serves the CFR Main Line 800, connecting Bucharest with the Black Sea coast.

Căile Ferate Române Line 800
Line 800 is one of CFR's main lines in Romania, having a total length of 268 kilometres (167 miles). The main line, connecting Bucharest with the Black Sea coast at Mangalia, passes through Fetești, Medgidia, and Constanța.

This railway line was upgraded and since July 2014 trains can run on most distance with a speed of 160 km/h (99 mph) for passenger trains, and 120 km/h (75 mph) for freight trains. The fastest passenger trains can cover the distance of 225 km (140 mi) between Bucharest and Constanța in less than two hours.
Henri Duret
Henri Duret (7 July 1849, Condé-sur-Noireau – 7 April 1921) was a French neurologist whose contributions to the knowledge of cerebral circulation and the physiology of the brainstem were important for the early years of brain surgery.  For thirty years he was associated with "Faculté Libre de Médecine" in Lille, France, and became dean of the school. He also organized and directed Red Cross hospitals during World War I.

Among his publications was a monograph on intracranial tumors titled Les tumeurs de l’encéphale (1905), and a major work on craniocerebral injuries titled Traumatismes cranio-cérébraux (1921). Other noted writings by Duret are:

Etudes expérimentales et cliniques sur les traumatismes cérébreaux, (1878) Delahaye, Paris.

"The role of the dura mater and its nerves in cerebral traumatism", (1878) in Brain 1:29–47.

Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery or/and neurological surgery, also known in common parlance as brain surgery, is the medical specialty that focuses on the surgical treatment or rehabilitation of disorders that affect any portion of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, and cerebrovascular system. Neurosurgery as a medical specialty also includes non-surgical management of some neurological conditions.
Bruce Reitz
Bruce A. Reitz is an American cardiothoracic surgeon, best known for leading the first combined heart-lung transplantation in 1981 with pioneer heart transplant surgeon Norman Shumway. He obtained an undergraduate degree at Stanford University (B.S. 1966) a medical degree at Yale Medical School (M.D. 1970) and completed an internship at Johns Hopkins Hospital (1971) and residencies and fellowships at Stanford University Hospital (1972 and 1978) the National Institutes of Health (1974). He joined the surgical faculty at Stanford University (1978) then became chief of cardiac surgery at Johns Hopkins University (1982–92) and Chairman of the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Stanford (1992–2005). In 1995 he conducted another pioneering operation: the first Heartport procedure, using a device that allows minimally invasive coronary bypass and valve operations. Reitz also played a major role in the resident education program at Stanford, which he reorganized and maintained.

Cardiothoracic surgery
Cardiothoracic (CT) surgery is the field of medicine involved in surgical treatment of organs inside the thoracic cavity — generally treatment of conditions of the heart (heart disease), lungs (lung disease), and other pleural or mediastinal structures.

In most countries, cardiothoracic surgery is further subspecialized into cardiac surgery (involving the heart and the great vessels) and thoracic surgery (involving the lungs, esophagus, thymus, etc.); the exceptions are the United States, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, India and some European Union countries such as Portugal.
Friedrich Albert Zorn
Friedrich Albert Zorn (3 April 1816, Kempten – 1 January 1895, Odesa) was a German dancer, choreographer and dance theorist. He was a member of the Berlin Academy of Dance, the Society of Dance Teachers in Berlin, and the Society of Dance Teachers in Canada.

Kempten
Kempten (German: [ˈkɛmptn̩] ⓘ; Swabian: Kempte [ˈkɛmptə] ⓘ) is the largest town of Allgäu, in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. The population was about 68,000 in 2016. The area was possibly settled originally by Celts, but was later taken over by the Romans, who called the town Cambodunum. Kempten is the oldest urban settlement (town) in Germany.
Neighbors United
Neighbors United (NU) is a non-profit organization founded in 2007, by the residents of Capitol Hill East. Neighbors United is an organization focused on providing academic, recreational, and technological programming to youth and adults in low-income communities within Washington, D.C.

In 2007, the Council of the District of Columbia granted Neighbors United $350,000 to implement youth programming. Funding was presented in the form of an earmark (politics), which was backed by politicians Tommy Wells and Kwame R. Brown.

Kwame R. Brown
Kwame R. Brown (born October 13, 1970) is an American politician in Washington, D.C., who was an at-large member of the council from 2005 to 2011 and chairman of the Council of the District of Columbia from 2011 until his resignation in June 2012.
Kára McCullough
Kára McCullough Temple (/ˈkaɪrə/; née McCullough) is an American beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss USA 2017. As Miss USA, McCullough represented the United States at Miss Universe 2017, where she placed in the Top 10.

Previously, McCullough had been crowned Miss District of Columbia USA 2017, becoming the fourth woman from the District of Columbia to be crowned Miss USA. Additionally, McCullough and her predecessor Deshauna Barber's wins marked the first time a state had won back-to-back titles since Courtney Gibbs and Gretchen Polhemus of Texas won Miss USA 1988 and 1989.

Miss Texas USA
The Miss Texas USA competition is the pageant that selects the representative for the state Texas in the Miss USA pageant, and the name of the title held by that winner. This pageant is part of the Miss USA Organization, owned by Texas native Crystle Stewart, herself a Miss USA for 2008.

The pageant is currently held in Houston. It has previously been hosted by El Paso, San Antonio, South Padre Island, Lubbock and Laredo.  It was televised from 1971 to 2009.

The current titleholder is Taylor Lauren Davis of Dallas, Texas, was crowned Miss Texas USA 2025 on May 3, 2025, at Hilton Houston Post Oak Hotel in Houston, Texas. She represented Texas at Miss USA 2025, placing as 3rd runner-up.