hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Sower (2017 film)
The Sower is a 2017 France-Belgium co-production written and directed by Marine Francen and based on the short story L'homme semence by Violette Ailhaud. Set in 1851, The Sower takes place in a village where the women have been left on their own after all the men were rounded up in order to prevent an uprising. The film premiered at the San Sebastián International Film Festival in 2017 and was released in the U.S. in 2019.

San Sebastián International Film Festival
The San Sebastián International Film Festival (abbr. SSIFF; Spanish: Festival Internacional de San Sebastián, Basque: Donostia Zinemaldia) is an annual FIAPF A-category film festival held in the Spanish city of San Sebastián in September, in the Basque Country.

José Luis Rebordinos has served as the director of the festival since 2011.
TeleNav
Telenav, Inc. is a wireless location-based services corporation that provides services including Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite navigation, local search, automotive navigation solutions, mobile advertising, enterprise mobility and workflow automation. The company’s headquarters are located in Santa Clara, California in the United States with additional offices in the U.S., Germany, Japan, Romania, China, and Brazil.

Automotive navigation system
An automotive navigation system is part of the automobile controls or a third party add-on used to find direction in an automobile. It typically uses a satellite navigation device to get its position data which is then correlated to a position on a road. When directions are needed routing can be calculated. On the fly traffic information (road closures, congestion) can be used to adjust the route.

Dead reckoning using distance data from sensors attached to the drivetrain, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a magnetometer can be used for greater reliability, as GNSS signal loss and/or multipath can occur due to urban canyons or tunnels.

Mathematically, automotive navigation is based on the shortest path problem, within graph theory, which examines how to identify the path that best meets some criteria (shortest, cheapest, fastest, etc.) between two points in a large network.

Automotive navigation systems are crucial for the development of self-driving cars.
Napier baronets
There have been five baronetcies created for people with the surname Napier, three in the Baronetage of England, one in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia and one in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. As of 2026 two of the creations are extant.

Napier baronets of Luton Hoo (1611)

Napier baronets of Merchistoun (1627)

Napier baronets of Middle Marsh (1641)

Napier baronets of Punknoll (1682)

Napier baronets of Merrion Square (1867)

Napier baronets of Merrion Square (1867)
The Napier baronetcy, of Merrion Square in the County of Dublin, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 9 April 1867 for the Conservative politician, and former Lord Chancellor of Ireland, Joseph Napier.
Peggy Deamer
Peggy Deamer (née: Margaret Deamer; born February 15, 1950) is an architect,  architectural educator, and Emeritus Professor of Architecture at Yale University. Her research explores the nature of creative work, stretching from a psychoanalytic interpretation of art production and reception – initiated in the dissertation on Adrian Stokes, who was analyzed by Melanie Klein – to neo-Marxist examinations of creative labor. She is the founding member of the international advocacy group, The Architecture Lobby (TAL).

Architectural educator
An architectural educator is a person who trains prospective professional architects and architectural technicians. This involves training in the discipline of architectural design or more specifically, the design of constructed environments.

Architectural Education has both public architectural education and professional architectural education stakeholder groups.

Architectural educators may work in the service of the architectural profession or in the wider community. Architectural education in many countries is regulated by validation or accreditation. In the wider community, architectural educators may use their knowledge to raise citizens or members of a community's awareness of their respective environment, and their role in its ownership and custodianship.

Architectural Educators are represented by national and regional associations such as ACSA in the US, the ACA in Australia and New Zealand, and the EAAE in Europe.
2025 Nordic 4 Championship
The 2025 Nordic 4 Championship season was the ninth season of the F4 Danish Championship and the second under the Nordic 4 name. For the first time, the series consisted of two championships, a Danish Championship and a Nordic Championship, the latter of which was combined with Formula Nordic. The change was made so that drivers could 'race a regional championship on a relatively low budget', according to series promoter Alex Stubberup Frederichsen.

The season began at Padborg Park in April and concluded at Jyllandsringen in September. The Formula 4 category continued to use the Mygale M14-F4 car, while the Formula 5 category used Formula Ford cars, also from Mygale.

Padborg Park
Padborg Park is a motor racing circuit in Padborg, Denmark. The circuit opened in 2003 on the site of an airfield. The circuit has regularly hosted rounds of the Danish Touringcar Championship (DTC), TCR Denmark Touring Car Series, Super GT Denmark and Nordic 4 Championship. It is also used daily for testing and track days.
Jean Pirro
Jean Pirro (24 December 1813 – 3 February 1886) was a French linguist who in 1868 invented the "universal language", Universalglot. He was born in Woustviller, France. He was also the father of André Pirro.

He died on 3 February 1886 in Saint-Dizier, France.

Saint-Dizier
Saint-Dizier (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃.di.zje]) is a subprefecture of the Haute-Marne department in north-eastern France.

It has a population of 23,382 (2018 figure) and is a subprefecture of the department. Although Saint-Dizier is marginally the most populous commune in Haute-Marne, the préfecture (capital) resides in the somewhat smaller commune of Chaumont.
Western Command
Western Command can refer to one of the following:

Western Command (Australia)

Western Theatre Command (India), Indian Armed Forces

Western Command (India), Indian Army

Western Air Command (India), Indian Air Force

Western Naval Command, Indian Navy

South Western Command (India), Indian Army

Western Command (Philippines)

Western Command (United Kingdom)

Western Command (United States)

Western Hemisphere Command (United States)

United States Army Western Hemisphere Command
The United States Army Western Hemisphere Command (USAWHC) is a command of the United States Army. It serves as the theater army and Army Service Component Command (ASCC) for both United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM) and United States Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM), overseeing operations across North America, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Anticipating full operating capability by summer 2026, the command will oversee local operations, defense of the US southern border, natural disaster response, and general humanitarian assistance in the Western Hemisphere. USAWHC was activated on 5 December 2025, at Fort Bragg in North Carolina.
Eifelsteig
The Eifelsteig is a long-distance hiking trail in the Eifel, Germany. It leads in 15 stages of 14–28 kilometres (8.7–17.4 mi) from the Aachen district Kornelimünster to Trier and is maintained by the Eifel Club.

Kornelimünster monastery, Northern start point of the Eifelsteig

On the hill "Modenhübel" near Gemünd

The Lieserpfad is part of the Eifelsteig

Long-distance trail
A long-distance trail (or long-distance footpath, way, greenway) is a longer recreational trail mainly through rural areas used for hiking, backpacking, cycling, equestrianism or cross-country skiing. They exist on all continents except Antarctica.

Many trails are marked on maps. Typically, a long-distance route will be at least 50 km (30 mi) long, but many run for several hundred miles, or longer.

Many routes are waymarked and may cross public or private land and/or follow existing rights of way. Generally, the surface is not specially prepared, and the ground can be rough and uneven in areas, except in places such as converted rail tracks or popular walking routes where stone-pitching and slabs have been laid to prevent erosion. In some places, official trails will have the surface specially prepared to make the going easier.
Manus monarch
The Manus monarch (Symposiachrus infelix), also called the Admiralty Islands monarch, the Admiralty monarch, the Admiralty pied monarch, the somber monarch and the unhappy monarch, is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is endemic to the Admiralty Islands of Papua New Guinea.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical mangrove forests.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Monarch flycatcher
The monarchs or monarch flycatchers (family Monarchidae) comprise a family of over 100 passerine birds which includes shrikebills, paradise flycatchers, and magpie-larks.

Monarchids are small insectivorous songbirds with long tails. They inhabit forest or woodland across sub-Saharan Africa, south-east Asia, Australasia, and a number of Pacific islands. Only a few species migrate. Many species decorate their cup-shaped nests with lichen.
Thomas Butler, 7th Earl of Ormond
Thomas Butler, 7th Earl of Ormond PC (1426 – 3 August 1515) was the youngest son of James Butler, 4th Earl of Ormond. He was attainted, but restored by Henry VII's first Parliament in November 1485, and the statutes made at Westminster, by Edward IV, which declared him and his brothers traitors, were abrogated.

Privy council
A privy council is a body that advises a head of state, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchical government. The term "privy" (from French privé) signifies private or secret. Consequently, a privy council, more common in the past, existed as a group of a ruling monarch's most trusted court advisors. Its purpose was to consistently provide confidential advice on matters of state. Despite the abolition of monarchy, some privy councils remained operational, while others were individually disbanded, allowing the monarchical system to continue to exist without a secret crown council.
Alex Rance
Alex James Rance (born 9 October 1989) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Richmond Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Rance was a premiership player, five time All-Australian, a one time All-Australian captain, a one-time winner of Richmond's best-and-fairest award and is widely regarded as one of the greatest defenders of his era. For three seasons between 2017 and 2019 he also served as Richmond's AFL co vice-captain.

22 Under 22 team
The 22 Under 22 team (stylised as 22under22) is an honorary representative Australian rules football team created by the AFL Players' Association that seeks to recognise the best young talent in the Australian Football League (AFL) and AFL Women's (AFLW) competitions each year.  To be eligible for selection, players must be aged 22 or under for the entire season (including finals). An initial squad of 40 is selected by the AFL Players' Board, before fans select a final team of 22 by voting via social media.
Zermelo's categoricity theorem
In mathematical set theory, Zermelo's categoricity theorem was proven by Ernst Zermelo in 1930. It states that all models of a certain second-order version of the Zermelo–Fraenkel axioms of set theory are isomorphic to a member of a certain class of sets.

Second-order logic
In logic and mathematics, second-order logic is an extension of first-order logic, which itself is an extension of propositional logic. Second-order logic is in turn extended by higher-order logic and type theory.

First-order logic quantifies only variables that range over individuals (elements of the domain of discourse); second-order logic, in addition, quantifies over relations. For example, the second-order sentence  says that for every formula P, and every individual x, either Px is true or not(Px) is true (this is the law of excluded middle). Second-order logic also includes quantification over sets, functions, and other variables (see section below). Both first-order and second-order logic use the idea of a domain of discourse (often called simply the "domain" or the "universe"). The domain is a set over which individual elements may be quantified.
Kotowicz
Kotowicz is a Polish-language surname of Ruthenian origin. East Slavic variants: Kotovich (Russian), Kotovych (Ukrainian), Belarusian: Kotavich (accent on the first syllable), Katovich (accent on the second syllable). Notable people with the surname include:

Apolinary Kotowicz, Polish painter

Grzegorz Kotowicz (born 1973), Polish canoeist

Irene Kotowicz (1919–2002), All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player

Robert Kotowicz, Polish commemorative coins designer (see 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

Fictional characters:

Janusz Kotowicz, character in the novel Ashes and Diamonds

Commemorative coins of Poland: 2009
In the year 2009 coins were issued in the series: "History of the Polish Cavalry", "Animals of the World", "Poland’s path to liberation", "History of Polish Popular Music", "Polish Painters" and various occasional coins.
PLM 241 B 1
The PLM 241 B 1 was a high-pressure steam locomotive built in 1929 for the PLM (Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée) using the Schmidt high-pressure system. It was a 4-cylinder compound design.

The manufacturer was Henschel & Sohn of Germany. It was considered unusual for a French railway to buy German technology due to deteriorating relations between the two countries at the time. Schmidt and Henschel appeared to be the only sources of suitable technology.

Only one was built. The locomotive was scrapped in 1936.

Boiler: 3-stage boiler: 
high pressure circuit: 110 bars (11.00 MPa; 1,595.42 psi)
secondary circuit: 58 bars (5.80 MPa; 841.22 psi)
low-pressure circuit: 13 bars (1.3 MPa; 190 psi)

Power: 2,530 horsepower (1.89 MW)

Speed (attained): 110 km/h (68 mph)

Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée
The Compagnie des chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃paɲi de ʃəmɛ̃ də fɛʁ də paʁi a ljɔ̃ e a la meditɛʁane], lit. 'Railway Company of Paris to Lyon and the Mediterranean'), also known as the Chemins de fer Paris-Lyon-Méditerranée or simply PLM, established in 1857, was one of France’s main railway companies until the nationalization of all French railways and establishment of the Société nationale des chemins de fer français (SNCF) on 1 January 1938.
Isingoma Labongo Rukidi
Isingoma Rukidi Mpuga, also called Labongo, was the first Biito king (Omukama Omubiito) of Bunyoro-Kitara in present-day western Uganda.
In Nyoro tradition, he is considered to be the twin brother of Kato Kimera, the first king of Buganda.

Kato Kintu
Kato Kintu Kakulukuku (fl. Late 13th century), known in Bunyoro as Kato Kimera was the first kabaka (king) of the Kingdom of Buganda. "Kintu" is an adopted by-name, chosen for Kintu, the name of the first person on earth in Buganda mythology. Kato Kintu gave himself the name "Kintu"  to associate himself with the "father of all people", and he may have renamed his wife, from Nantuttululu to Nambi, because that was Kintu's wife's name.
X-Trp aminopeptidase
Xaa-Trp aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.16, aminopeptidase W, aminopeptidase X-Trp) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

Release of a variety of N-terminal residues (especially glutamate and leucine) from peptides, provided tryptophan (or at least phenylalanine or tyrosine) is the penultimate residue. Also acts on Glu!Trp, Leu!Trp and a number of other dipeptides

This glycoprotein contains Zn2+.

Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

The one-letter symbol Y was assigned to tyrosine for being alphabetically nearest of those letters available. Note that T was assigned to the structurally simpler threonine, U was avoided for its similarity with V for valine, W was assigned to tryptophan, while X was reserved for undetermined or atypical amino acids. The mnemonic tYrosine was also proposed.
Al-Anbiya
Al-Anbiyaʼ (Arabic: الأنبياء, ’al-’anbiyā’; meaning: "The Prophets")  is the 21st chapter (sūrah) of the Quran with 112 verses (āyāt). Its principal subject matter is prophets of the past, who also preached the same faith as Muhammad.

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is a "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, instead of later in Medina. It was revealed around 2–3 years before Hijrah, in a later stage of Muhammad preaching in Mecca.

Waḥy
Waḥy (also waḥi, Arabic: وَحْي, IPA: [wæħj]; pl.: وُحِي wuḥī, IPA: [ˈwʊħiː]) is the Arabic word for revelation. In Islamic belief, revelations are God's word delivered by his chosen individuals – known as messenger prophets – to mankind.
Ran Raz
Ran Raz (Hebrew: רָן רָז) is an Israeli computer scientist who works in the area of computational complexity theory. He was a professor in the Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science at the Weizmann Institute before becoming a professor of computer science at Princeton University.

Raz received his Ph.D. at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1992 under Avi Wigderson and Michael Ben-Or.

Raz is well known for his work on interactive proof systems. His two most-cited papers are Raz (1998) on multi-prover interactive proofs and Raz & Safra (1997) on probabilistically checkable proofs.

Raz received the Erdős Prize in 2002. In 2004, he received the Best Paper Award at ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing for Raz (2004), and the best paper award in IEEE Conference on Computational Complexity for Raz & Shpilka (2004). In 2008, the work Moshkovitz & Raz (2008) received the Best Paper Award at IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS).

Weizmann Institute of Science
The Weizmann Institute of Science (or simply Weizmann; Hebrew: מכון ויצמן למדע Machon Weizmann LeMada) was established in 1934 as a public research university in Rehovot, fourteen years before the State of Israel was founded.

The institute is now a multidisciplinary research center, employing around 3,800 scientists, postdoctoral fellows, Ph.D. and M.Sc. students, and scientific, technical, and administrative staff working at the institute.  Unlike other Israeli universities, it exclusively offers postgraduate-only degrees in the natural and exact sciences.

As of 2019, the Weizmann Institute of Science has been associated with six Nobel laureates and three Turing Award winners.
Graciela Saldaña Fraire
Graciela Saldaña Fraire (born 4 February 1961) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD).

In the 2012 general election she was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent Quintana Roo's third district during the 62nd session of Congress.

2012 Mexican general election
General elections were held in Mexico on Sunday, 1 July 2012. Voters went to the polls to elect a new President of the Republic to serve a six-year term, replacing Felipe Calderón, 500 members of the Chamber of Deputies and 128 members of the Mexican Senate.

Several local ballots were held on the same day, including the election of a new Head of Government and new Legislative Assembly of the Federal District, gubernatorial elections in six states (Chiapas, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Morelos, Tabasco and Yucatán) and municipal and local congressional elections several states.
Salad cream
Salad cream is a creamy, pale yellow condiment based on an emulsion of about 25–50 percent oil in water, emulsified by egg yolk and made slightly acidic by spirit vinegar. It is somewhat similar in composition to mayonnaise, but mayonnaise is made with oil as its main constituent whereas salad cream is based on vinegar and water.  Both salad cream and mayonnaise usually include other ingredients such as sugar, mustard, salt, thickener, spices, flavouring and colouring, if bought in store, not made after the classic French way. The first ready-made commercial product was introduced in the United Kingdom in 1914, where it is used as a salad dressing and a sandwich spread.

Historically, salad cream, often mentioned in Victorian sources, consisted of "hard-boiled eggs puréed with cream, mustard, salt and vinegar".

Vinegar
Vinegar (from Old French  vyn egre 'sour wine') is an odorous aqueous solution of diluted acetic acid and trace compounds that may include flavorings or naturally occurring organic compounds. Vinegar typically contains from 4% to 18% acetic acid by volume.

Usually, the acetic acid is produced by a double fermentation—converting simple sugars to ethanol using yeast, and then converting ethanol to acetic acid using acetic acid bacteria. Many types of vinegar are made, depending on source materials.

The product is now mainly used in the culinary arts as a flavorful, acidic cooking ingredient, salad dressing, or pickling agent. Various types are used as condiments or garnishes, including balsamic vinegar and malt vinegar.

As an easily manufactured mild acid, it has a wide variety of industrial and domestic uses, including functioning as a household cleaner.
1990–91 Division 1 (Senegal)
The 1990-91 Division 1 season was the 27th of the competition of the first-tier football in Senegal.  The tournament was organized by the Senegalese Football Federation.  ASC Port Autonome won the second title and participated in the 1992 African Cup of Champions Clubs the following year.  ASC Diaraf participated in the 1992 CAF Cup, ASEC Ndiambour in the 1992 CAF Winners' Cup and ASC Jeanne d'Arc in the 1992 West African Cup.

SEIB Diourbel was the defending team of the title.  A total of 16 clubs participated in the competition.  The season featured 450 matches and scored 429 goals.  No new clubs came from the second division (Division 2).

1992 African Cup of Champions Clubs
The 1992 African Cup of Champions Clubs was the 28th edition of the annual international club football competition held in the CAF region (Africa), the African Cup of Champions Clubs. It determined that year's club champion of association football in Africa.

Wydad AC from Morocco won that final, and became for the first time CAF club champion.