hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kurigram District
Kurigram District (Bengali: কুড়িগ্রাম জেলা) is a district of Bangladesh in Rangpur Division. The district is located in northern Bangladesh along the country's border with India. Under British rule, the area was organized as a mahakuma and was not established as a district until 1984 under Chief Martial Law Administrator, Hussain Muhammad Ershad's decentralization programme.

Rangpur Division
Rangpur Division (/rʌŋˈpʊər/; Bengali: রংপুর বিভাগ, romanized: Rongpur Bivag;
pronounced [rɔŋpuɾ bibʱag] ⓘ) is a first-level administrative division of Bangladesh. It covers the northernmost part of the country with a population of about 18 million inhabitants within an area of 16,184.99 km2 (6,249.06 sq mi). Rangpur Division shares borders with the Rajshahi and Mymensingh divisions. It is also bordered by the Indian states of West Bengal, Assam and Meghalaya and separated from Bhutan and Nepal by the Siliguri Corridor, and from China by the Indian state of Sikkim. Rangpur City is the administrative headquarter and the largest city. Rangpur Division includes the Teesta and Jamuna rivers.

The Rangpur division consists of eight districts. There are 58 upazilas or subdistricts under these eight districts. The major cities of Rangpur Division are Rangpur, Dinajpur, and Saidpur.
Francis Leo Marcos
Norman Mangusin (born September 29, 1979), who is more known as Francis Leo Marcos or FLM, is a Filipino internet personality who falsely claimed to be a son of former President of the Philippines Ferdinand Marcos. He is known for popularizing the "Mayaman Challenge", which encouraged people to donate to those affected by COVID-19 pandemic-related quarantines. He ran for the 2022 Philippine Senate election.

National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines)
The National Bureau of Investigation (NBI; Filipino: Pambansang Kawanihan ng Pagsisiyasat) is an agency of the Philippine government under the Department of Justice, responsible for handling and solving major high-profile cases that are in the interest of the nation.

The NBI was modelled after the United States' Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) when it was being established.
Rethera komarovi
Rethera komarovi, the madder hawkmoth, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Hugo Christoph in 1885. It is found in south-western Europe, Asia Minor, Afghanistan, Turkestan, Iran and Iraq.

The wingspan is 55–65 mm for subspecies R. k. komarovi and 65–81 mm for subspecies R. k. manifica. Adults are on wing from mid-April to mid-June.

Larvae have been recorded on Rubia and Galium species.

Galium
Galium is a large genus of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the family Rubiaceae, occurring in the temperate zones of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Some species are informally known as bedstraw.

Over 600 species of Galium are described, with estimates of 629 to 650 as of 2013. The field madder, Sherardia arvensis, is a close relative and may be confused with a tiny bedstraw. Asperula is also a closely related genus; some species of Galium (such as woodruff, G. odoratum) are occasionally placed therein.
Historical Archives of Šumadija in Kragujevac
The Historical Archives of Šumadija in Kragujevac (Serbian: Историјски архив Шумадије - Крагујевац) are the primary institution responsible for preservation of archival materials in the Šumadija District located in Kragujevac, Serbia. The archives are primarily covering municipalities of Kragujevac, Rača, Batočina, Knić, Topola, Aranđelovac, and Lapovo. The archives in Kragujevac notably preserve some of the documents from the pre-independence Ottoman Serbia period as well as socialist era business archives of the large industrial factories from the city and the region.

Rača, Serbia
Rača (Serbian Cyrillic: Рача) is a town and municipality located in the Šumadija District of central Serbia. According to  2022 census, the population of the town is 2,362, while population of the municipality is 9,638.
Swimming at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre breaststroke
The women's 200 metre breaststroke event, included in the swimming competition at the 1964 Summer Olympics, took place on 11–12 October, at the Yoyogi National Gymnasium. In this event, swimmers covered four lengths of the 50-metre (160 ft) Olympic-sized pool employing the breaststroke. It was the ninth appearance of the event, which first appeared at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. A total of 27 competitors from 15 nations participated in the event. Soviet Union's Galina Prozumenshchikova and Svetlana Babanina won their country's first medals in this event, with a gold and bronze medal respectively. 14-year-old Claudia Kolb's silver medal was the United States' second ever medal in this event, after Agnes Geraghty's silver in the inaugural event in 1924. In the heats, Australian Christine Barnetson was disqualified for an incorrect breaststroke, and Hungarian Márta Egerváry withdrew from the competition.

Svetlana Babanina
Svetlana Viktorovna Babanina (Russian: Светлана Викторовна Бабанина; born 4 February 1943) is a retired Soviet swimmer who competed at the 1964 and 1968 Summer Olympics. In 1964, she won bronze medals in the 4 × 100 m medley relay and 200 m individual breaststroke, whereas in 1968 she finished in seventh and sixth place in the 100 m and 200 m breaststroke, respectively. Babanina won the 200 m event at the 1965 Universiade; she competed at the European Championships in 1962 and 1966, but did not medal. Domestically she won five titles: in the 400 m individual medley (1962 and 1963), 4 × 100 m freestyle relay (1963) and 100 m and 200 m breaststroke (1964). In 1964–1965 she set two world records in the 100 m breaststroke (1:17.2 in 1964 and 1:16.5 in 1965).

Personal bests:

100 m breaststroke – 1:16.5 (1965)

200 m breaststroke – 2:47.2 (1964)

400 m individual medley – 5:40.5 (1965).
Keiki Province
Keiki-dō (京畿道; Korean: 경기도), alternatively Keiki Province, was a province of Korea under Japanese rule. Its capital was at Keijō (Seoul). The province consisted of what is now the South Korean territories of Seoul and Gyeonggi, as well as parts of what is now southern North Korea.

Bucheon
Bucheon (Korean: 부천; Korean pronunciation: [pu.tɕʰʌn]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. Bucheon is located 25 kilometers (16 mi) away from Seoul, of which it is a satellite city. It is located between Incheon and Seoul.

Bucheon is the second most densely populated city in South Korea after Seoul, and as a result, administrative districts were abolished in July 2016 in favor of providing greater public service in community centers.

Major manufacturing operations are located in the northern areas of the city, while the areas in the south where Seoul Subway Line 7 and Seoul Subway Line 1 pass are dense commercial and residential areas.
Heinenoord
Heinenoord is a village in the Dutch province of South Holland on the island Hoekse Waard. It is located about 10 km south of Rotterdam, in the municipality of Hoeksche Waard.

Heinenoord was a separate municipality until 1984, when it became part of Binnenmaas. Since 1 January 2019, it is part of the new municipality Hoeksche Waard. After 1855, the municipality also covered the village of Goidschalxoord.

The Heinenoordtunnel is a road tunnel located near Heinenoord and is named after it.

There is also a bus station near Heinenoord called the Busstation Heinenoord which serves as a public transport hub in the Hoekse Waard.

Bus station
A bus station, bus depot, bus interchange or bus exchange is a structure where city buses or intercity buses stop to pick up and drop off passengers. A bus station is larger than a bus stop, which is usually simply a place on the roadside, where buses can stop. It may be intended as a terminal station for a number of routes, or as a transfer station where the routes continue.

Bus station platforms may be assigned to fixed bus lines, or variable in combination with a dynamic passenger information system. The latter requires fewer platforms, but does not provide consistent locations for passengers.
Mathieu Boulay
Mathieu Boulay (born November 23, 1987) is a Canadian former professional football defensive lineman who played for the Saskatchewan Roughriders, Winnipeg Blue Bombers, and Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played CIS football at Bishop's.

U Sports football
U Sports football is the highest level of amateur play of Canadian football and operates under the auspices of U Sports, Canada's governing body for university sports. Twenty-seven teams from Canadian universities are divided into four athletic conferences, drawing from the four regional associations of U Sports: Canada West Universities Athletic Association, Ontario University Athletics, Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec, and Atlantic University Sport. At the end of every season, the champions of each conference advance to semifinal bowl games; the winners of these meet in the Vanier Cup national championship.
Alstom Metropolis C830
The Alstom Metropolis C830 is the first generation of communication-based train control (CBTC) electric multiple unit rolling stock in operation on the Circle Line of Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system since 2009. Alstom was contracted in 2000 (as part of turnkey Contract 830) by the Land Transport Authority (LTA) in Singapore to supply the trains for the Circle Line.

Communications-based train control
Communications-based train control (CBTC) is a railway signaling system that uses telecommunications between the train and track equipment for traffic management and infrastructure control. CBTC allows a train's position to be known more accurately than with traditional signaling systems. This can make railway traffic management safer and more efficient. Rapid transit systems (and other railway systems) are able to reduce headways while maintaining or even improving safety.

A CBTC system is a "continuous, automatic train control system utilizing high-resolution train location determination, independent from track circuits; continuous, high-capacity, bidirectional train-to-wayside data communications; and trainborne and wayside processors capable of implementing automatic train protection (ATP) functions, as well as optional automatic train operation (ATO) and automatic train supervision (ATS) functions," as defined in the IEEE 1474 standard.
Shohini Ghose
Shohini Ghose is a quantum physicist and Professor of Physics and Computer Science at Wilfrid Laurier University. She has served as the president of the Canadian Association of Physicists (2019-2020), co-editor-in-chief of the Canadian Journal of Physics, and the Director of the Laurier Centre for Women in Science. She was named a 2014 TED Fellow and a 2018 TED Senior Fellow. In 2019 she appeared on the Star TV show TED Talks India Nayi Baat hosted by Shah Rukh Khan. In 2017 she was elected to the Royal Society of Canada's College of New Scholars, Artists and Scientists. Her book Clues to the Cosmos was released in India in December 2019. In 2020, she was selected as an NSERC Chair for Women in Science and Engineering.

Royal Society of Canada
The Royal Society of Canada (RSC; French: Société royale du Canada, SRC), also known as the Academies of Arts, Humanities, and Sciences of Canada (French: Académies des arts, des lettres et des sciences du Canada), is the senior national, bilingual council of distinguished Canadian scholars, humanists, scientists, and artists in Canada.

As Canada's national academy, the RSC exists to promote Canadian research and scholarly accomplishment in both of Canada's official languages; advise governments, non-governmental organizations, and Canadians generally on matters of public interest; recognize academic and artistic excellence; and mentor young scholars and artists.
Ludovic O'Followell
Ludovic O'Followell (born 1872 in Portslade -  29 January 1965) was a French medical doctor and writer. He is best known for his work demonstrating the effects of corsets on the shape of the rib cage with X-rays. Following the publication of Le Corset in 1905 and 1908, he encouraged a less severe design of corset and wrote a regular column for the corsetier magazine Les Dessous.

Portslade
Portslade is a western suburb of the city of Brighton and Hove in the ceremonial county of East Sussex, England. Portslade Village, the original settlement a mile inland to the north, was built up in the 16th century. The arrival of the railway from Brighton in 1840 encouraged rapid development of the coastal area and in 1898 the southern part, formerly known as Copperas Gap, was granted urban district status and renamed Portslade-by-Sea, making it distinct from Portslade Village. After World War II the district of Mile Oak to the north was added. Today, Portslade is bisected from east to west by the old A27 road (now the A270) between Brighton and Worthing, each part having a distinct character.
Two Hearts in May
Two Hearts in May (German: Zwei Herzen im Mai) is a 1958 West German musical comedy film directed by Géza von Bolváry and starring Dieter Borsche, Kristina Söderbaum, and Walter Giller.

The film's sets were designed by the art directors Hans Kuhnert and Wilhelm Vorwerg. It was shot at the Tempelhof Studios in Berlin.

Dieter Borsche
Albert Eugen Rollomann (25 October 1909 – 5 August 1982), better known as Dieter Borsche, was a German actor. He appeared in more than 90 films between 1935 and 1981. Since 1944, he suffered from muscle atrophy and had to use a wheelchair since the late 1970s. He was born in Hanover, Germany and died in Nuremberg, Germany. Borsche became a film star in the post-World War II era, following his performance in Keepers of the Night (1949).
Ibn al-Nadim
Abū al-Faraj Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq an-Nadīm (Arabic: ابو الفرج محمد بن إسحاق النديم), also Ibn Abī Yaʿqūb Isḥāq ibn Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq al-Warrāq,  and commonly known by the nasab (patronymic) Ibn an-Nadīm; c. 932 – c. 995) was an important Muslim bibliographer and biographer of Baghdad who compiled the encyclopedia Kitāb al-Fihrist (The Book Catalogue).

Bibliography
Bibliography (from Ancient Greek: βιβλίον, romanized: biblion, lit. 'book' and -γραφία, -graphía, 'writing'), as a discipline, is traditionally the academic study of books as physical, cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as bibliology (from Ancient Greek: -λογία, romanized: -logía). English author and bibliographer John Carter describes bibliography as a word having two senses: one, a list of books for further study or of works consulted by an author (or enumerative bibliography); the other one, applicable for collectors, is "the study of books as physical objects" and "the systematic description of books as objects" (or descriptive bibliography).
Robert Rayfield
Robert Rayfield (1944-2021) known as Robbie Rayfield was a South African international lawn and indoor bowler.

He won the triples silver medal and fours bronze medal at the 1992 World Outdoor Bowls Championship in Worthing.

He won a gold medal in the fours at the 1994 Commonwealth Games in Victoria with Alan Lofthouse, Donald Piketh and Neil Burkett and four years later won a bronze medal in the fours at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur with Burkett, Bruce Makkink and Mike Redshaw.

Bowls
Bowls, also known as lawn bowls or lawn bowling, is a sport in which players try to roll their ball (called a bowl) closest to a smaller ball (known as a "jack" or sometimes a "kitty"). The bowls are shaped (biased), so that they follow a curved path when being rolled. The game is played either in teams or one against one.

The game was first played in the 13th century. The game is played on grass, although other surfaces are sometimes used. Matches are held either until one player gets to a score, or when a number of ends are played.

The game is mostly played on a bowling green, which can vary by the type of bowls being played. Whilst the game is often played outdoors, there are indoor bowling venues, and can also be played on rollable carpets. For outdoor games, this is usually on grass; however, it can also be played on cotula in New Zealand.
Martín de Aragón y Tafalla
Martín de Aragón y Tafalla, 3rd Duke of Ampurias, (1592–1639), was a Spanish military officer who, rising through the ranks, went on to become capitán general of Cavalry, the fourth highest military rank in Spain's chain of command at the time. He was killed in action at the Castle of Cengio, Italy.

Command hierarchy
A command hierarchy or chain of command is a group of people who carry out orders based on others' authority within the group. Certain aspects of a command hierarchy tend to be similar, including rank, unity of command, and strict accountability. Command hierarchies are used in the military and other organizations. Systemic biases may arise in homogenous groups of command.
The Grim Goblin
The Grim Goblin; or, Harlequin Octopus, the Devil Fish, and the Fairies of the Flowery Dell was a burlesque pantomime first performed at the Royal Grecian Theatre in London in 1876 with George Augustus Conquest and Herbert Campbell in the cast. The pantomime was written by Conquest and Henry Spry while Conquest also directed it. During 1880 the production toured the United States during which Conquest had a serious fall to the stage which ended his acrobatic career.

Royal Grecian Theatre
The Royal Grecian Theatre was a music hall theatre, located in the grounds of the Eagle Tavern, a public house at Shepherdess Walk, just off the City Road in Shoreditch, in the East End of London. The Eagle, best known for its association with the nursery rhyme Pop goes the weasel survives (albeit rebuilt), but the theatre does not.
1963 Campeonato Paulista
The 1963 Campeonato Paulista de Futebol da Divisão Especial de Profissionais, organized by the Federação Paulista de Futebol, was the 62nd season of São Paulo's top professional football league. Palmeiras won the title for the 14th time. Jabaquara was relegated. This year again, the top scorer was Santos's Pelé, with 22 goals. He had been the top scorer in the league championship every year since 1957.

Campeonato Paulista
The Campeonato Paulista Série A1, commonly known as Campeonato Paulista, nicknamed Paulistão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. Run by the São Paulo State Football Federation (FPF), the league is contested by 16 clubs and typically lasts from January to April. Rivalries amongst four of the best-known Brazilian teams (Corinthians, Palmeiras, Santos and São Paulo) have marked the history of the competition. The Campeonato Paulista is the oldest established league in Brazil, being held since 1902 and professionally since 1933.
Sound poetry
Sound poetry is an artistic form bridging literary and musical composition, in which the phonetic aspects of human speech are foregrounded instead of more conventional semantic and syntactic values; "verse without words". By definition, sound poetry is intended primarily for performance.

Joan La Barbara
Joan Linda Lotz La Barbara (born June 8, 1947) is an American vocalist and composer known for her explorations of non-conventional or "extended" vocal techniques. Considered to be a vocal virtuoso in the field of contemporary music, she is credited with advancing a new vocabulary of vocal sounds including trills, whispers, cries, sighs, inhaled tones, and multiphonics (singing two or more pitches simultaneously).
Perdita Stevens
Perdita Emma Stevens (born 1966) is a British mathematician, theoretical computer scientist, and software engineer who holds a personal chair in the mathematics of software engineering as part of the School of Informatics at the University of Edinburgh. Her research includes work on model-driven engineering, including model transformation, model checking, and the Unified Modeling Language.

Model transformation
A model transformation, in model-driven engineering, is an automated way of modifying and creating platform-specific model from platform-independent ones. An example use of model transformation is ensuring that a family of models is consistent, in a precise sense which the software engineer can define. The aim of using a model transformation is to save effort and reduce errors by automating the building and modification of models where possible.
Joseph Ney Babson
Joseph Ney Babson (December 26, 1852 – December 20, 1929) was an American chess composer, known especially for his work in selfmate problems and conditional problems.

Babson served as an editor of the American magazine Brentano's Chess Monthly from 1881 to 1882. By profession, he was a sales representative.

Fairy chess
Fairy chess is the area of chess composition in which there are some changes to the rules of chess. It may involve changes to the board, pieces, or rules to express an idea or theme impossible in orthodox chess. An altered piece used in fairy chess is known as a fairy chess piece. The term fairy chess was introduced by Henry Tate in 1914. Thomas R. Dawson (1889–1951), the "father of fairy chess", invented many fairy pieces and new conditions. He was also problem editor of Fairy Chess Review (1930–1951).

Although the term fairy chess is sometimes used for games, it is more usually applied in the context of problems. Variations on chess intended to create complete, playable games are more typically referred to as chess variants.
George Underdown
George Underdown (12 May 1859 — 29 May 1895) was an English first-class cricketer.

Underdown was born at Petersfield in May 1859. He played his club cricket in the town for Petersfield Cricket Club, serving as its assistant-secretary by 1880. As an amateur, he made his debut in first-class cricket for a United Eleven, captained by W. G. Grace, against the touring Australians at Chichester in 1882. Underdown began playing first-class cricket for Hampshire in 1883, representing the county in nine first-class matches prior to them losing first-class status at the end of the 1885 season. Across ten first-class matches, Underdown scored 231 runs at an average of 12.83, with one half century score of 63. His only first-class wicket, that of Charles Hulse, came against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Southampton in 1885.

Outside of cricket, Underdown was an ironmonger in Petersfield. He died at Petersfield in May 1895, aged 36.

County Ground, Southampton
The County Ground in Southampton, England, was a cricket and football ground. It was the home of Hampshire County Cricket Club from the 1885 English cricket season until the 2000 English cricket season. The ground also served as the home ground for Southampton Football Club from 1896 to 1898.
HESS J1857+026
HESS J1857+026 is a pulsar wind nebula located approximately 9 kpc (29 kly) from Earth in the constellation of Aquila.

HESS J1857+026 releases γ-rays in the range of 0.8−45 TeV. It is most likely powered by PSR J1856+0245, a pulsar located nearby.

Electronvolt
In physics, an electronvolt (symbol eV), also written as electron-volt and electron volt, is a unit of measurement equivalent to the amount of kinetic energy gained by a single electron accelerating through an electric potential difference of one volt in a vacuum. When used as a unit of energy, the numerical value of 1 eV expressed in unit of joules (symbol J) is equal to the numerical value of the charge of an electron in coulombs (symbol C). Under the 2019 revision of the SI, this sets 1 eV equal to the exact value 1.602176634×10−19 J.
Historically, the electronvolt was devised as a standard unit of measure through its usefulness in electrostatic particle accelerator sciences, because a particle with electric charge q gains an energy E = qV after passing through a voltage of V.