hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Molybdopterin synthase sulfurtransferase
Molybdopterin synthase sulfurtransferase (EC 2.8.1.11, adenylyltransferase and sulfurtransferase MOCS3, Cnx5 (gene), molybdopterin synthase sulfurylase) is an enzyme with systematic name persulfurated L-cysteine desulfurase:(molybdopterin-synthase sulfur-carrier protein)-Gly-Gly sulfurtransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

[molybdopterin-synthase sulfur-carrier protein]-Gly-Gly-AMP + [cysteine desulfurase]-S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine  AMP + [molybdopterin-synthase sulfur-carrier protein]-Gly-NH-CH2-C(O)SH + cysteine desulfurase

The enzyme transfers sulfur to form a thiocarboxylate moiety on the C-terminal glycine of the small subunit of molybdopterin synthase.

Thiocarboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, thiocarboxylic acids or carbothioic acids are organosulfur compounds related to carboxylic acids by replacement of one of the oxygen atoms with a sulfur atom. Two tautomers are possible: a thione form (RC(S)OH) and a thiol form (RC(O)SH). These are sometimes also referred to as "carbothioic O-acid" and "carbothioic S-acid" respectively. Of these the thiol form is most common (e.g. thioacetic acid).

Thiocarboxylic acids are rare in nature, however the biosynthetic components for producing them appear widespread in bacteria. Examples include pyridine-2,6-dicarbothioic acid, and thioquinolobactin.
Argam
Argam, or Argham (sometimes Ergam, or Ergham), was a village and civil parish, now in the parish of Grindale, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. The site is listed in many historical documents, but was deserted by the early 19th century. The village was depopulated, becoming one of the known deserted Medieval villages in Yorkshire.

Deserted medieval village
In the United Kingdom, a deserted medieval village (DMV) is a former settlement which was abandoned during the Middle Ages, typically leaving no trace apart from earthworks or cropmarks. If there are three or fewer inhabited houses the convention is to regard the site as deserted; if there are more than three houses, it is regarded as a shrunken medieval village. There are estimated to be more than 3,000 DMVs in England alone.
Bus Saidt
Harold N. "Bus" Saidt (November 11, 1920 – April 8, 1989) was an American sports writer who covered the Philadelphia Phillies, New York Mets, and the New York Yankees for the Trentonian and the Trenton Times.

He was awarded the J. G. Taylor Spink Award in 1992.

Sports journalism
Sports journalism is a form of writing that reports on sporting topics and competitions.

The appetite for sports resulted in sports-only media such as Sports Illustrated and ESPN. There are many different forms of sports journalism, ranging from play-by-play and game recaps to analysis and investigative journalism on important developments in the sport. Technology and the internet age has massively changed the sports journalism space as it is struggling with the same problems that the broader category of print journalism is struggling with, mainly not being able to cover costs due to falling subscriptions. New forms of internet blogging and tweeting in the current millennium have pushed the boundaries of sports journalism.
Sowdi Sundara Bharathi
Sowdi Sundara Bharathi was an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly first as a Swatantra Party and then as Forward Bloc candidate from Aruppukottai constituency in 1967 and  1971 elections.

Aruppukottai Assembly constituency
Aruppukottai is a legislative assembly in Virudhunagar district, which includes the city, Aruppukkottai. It is a part of Virudhunagar Lok Sabha constituency. This is the constituency, held by popular actor-turned politician, M. G. Ramachandran, when he first became Chief Minister in the 1977 assembly elections. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.

The Chettiyar (all kinds - mostly chettiyar) community is the biggest community in this constituency with around 23% population.

The population of other communities are: 15% Devendrakula Velalar, 8% Naidus,6% kambalthu nayakkar,14% Saliyar, 5% Nadar, 10% Mutharaiyar, Maravar 6%, Agamudaiyar 2%, 5% Reddy, 2% Konar, 2% Pillaimar and muslims 2%.

In the 2021 MLA election, the DMK party's Reddy candidate K. K. S. S. R. Ramachandran won, and became the minister of Revenue and Disaster Management.
Mak–Ban Geothermal Power Plant
The Makiling–Banahaw (Mak–Ban) Geothermal Power Plant is a 458-MW geothermal power station complex in Laguna and Batangas, Philippines.

The facility and the geothermal field are named after Makiling and Banahaw mountains.

Mount Banahaw
Mount Banahaw (IPA: [bɐˈnahaʊ]; also spelled as Banahao and Banájao) is an active complex volcano on Luzon in the Philippines. The three-peaked volcano is located at the boundary of Laguna and Quezon provinces. It is the highest mountain in both provinces and Calabarzon region, dominating the landscape for miles around.

The mountain is considered by many a holy mountain, thus a bundok dambana, and is popular among pilgrims along with mountain climbers. It is located in a protected area known as Mounts Banahaw–San Cristobal Protected Landscape covering 10,901 hectares (26,940 acres) of land.
Pedeticosaurus
Pedeticosaurus is an extinct genus of crocodylomorph from the Clarens Formation (Early Jurassic) of South Africa. The type species Pedeticosaurus leviseuri was named by Egbert Cornelis Nicolaas van Hoepen in 1915 on the basis of a mold of a mostly complete skeleton found in a quarry near Rosendal, Free State. The mold preserves most of the right half of the skeleton including the skull, ribs, dorsal vertebrae, forelimbs and hindlimbs, tail, and both dermal and ventral osteoderms, separated on two slabs. It is currently housed in the National Museum in Bloemfontein and cataloged as NMQR606.

Thoracic vertebrae
In vertebrates, thoracic vertebrae compose the middle segment of the vertebral column, between the cervical vertebrae and the lumbar vertebrae. In humans, there are twelve thoracic vertebrae of intermediate size between the cervical and lumbar vertebrae; they increase in size going towards the lumbar vertebrae. They are distinguished by the presence of facets on the sides of the bodies for articulation with the heads of the ribs, as well as facets on the transverse processes of all, except the eleventh and twelfth, for articulation with the tubercles of the ribs. By convention, the human thoracic vertebrae are numbered T1–T12, with the first one (T1) located closest to the skull and the others going down the spine toward the lumbar region.
Aleida Assmann
Aleida Assmann (born Aleida Bornkamm, 22 March 1947) is a German professor of English and literary studies, who studied Egyptology and whose work has focused on cultural anthropology and cultural and communicative memory.

Cultural memory
Cultural memory is a form of collective memory shared by a group of people who share a culture. The theory posits that memory is not just an individual, private experience but also part of the collective domain, which both shapes the future and our understanding of the past. It has become a topic in both historiography, which emphasizes the process of forming cultural memory, and cultural studies, which emphasizes the implications and objects of cultural memory.

Two schools of thought have emerged: one articulates that the present shapes our understanding of the past, while the other assumes that the past has an influence on our present behavior. It has, however, been pointed out  that these two approaches are not necessarily mutually exclusive.

The idea of cultural memory draws heavily on European social anthropology, especially German and French. It is not well established in the English-speaking world.
1916 Drummoyne state by-election
The 1916 Drummoyne state by-election was held on 22 January 1916 to elect the member for Drummoyne in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, following the death of Liberal Reform MP George Richards.

The by-election resulted in Liberal Reform candidate Alexander Graff finishing in first place with 47.32% of the vote, followed by National Progressive candidate Frederick Parish	on 21.24%. Because no candidate had received an absolute majority, a second round of voting was held one week later on 29 January 1962, which Graff won.

George Beeby
Sir George Stephenson Beeby KBE (23 May 1869 – 18 July 1942) was an Australian politician, judge and author. He was one of the founders of the Labor Party in New South Wales, and represented the party in state parliament from 1907 to 1912. He fell out with the party and later served as an independent, a Nationalist, and a Progressive. He left parliament in 1920 to join the state arbitration court, and in 1926 was appointed to the Commonwealth Court of Conciliation and Arbitration. He was Chief Judge from 1939 until his retirement in 1941.
Hit and Run (2002 film)
Hit and Run is a Canadian short drama film, directed by Richard Jutras and released in 2002. Adapted from Jean-Marc Dalpé's short theatrical monologue "Give the Lady a Break", the film stars Isabelle Miquelon as a woman processing and expressing her anger after her husband (Serge Dupire) leaves her for a younger woman.

The film premiered at the 2002 Festival International du Film Francophone de Namur.

The film won the Jutra Award for Best Live Action Short Film at the 5th Jutra Awards, and was a Genie Award nominee for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 23rd Genie Awards.

Gala Québec Cinéma
The Gala Québec Cinéma is a Quebec film award, presented annually by Québec Cinéma, which recognizes talent and achievement in the mainly feature film industry of Quebec. Until 2016, it was known as La soirée des prix Jutra (The evening of the Jutra prizes) in reference of influential Quebec film director Claude Jutra, but Jutra's name was withdrawn from the awards following the publication of Yves Lever's biography of Jutra, which alleged that he had sexually abused children.

It should not be confused with the Claude Jutra Award, a special award presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television as part of the separate Canadian Screen Awards program which was also renamed in 2016 following the allegations against Jutra.
Fred Heyman
Fred G. Heyman was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Bethany College in Bethany, West Virginia in 1916. Heyman played college football at Washington & Jefferson College.

Bethany, West Virginia
Bethany is a town in southern Brooke County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 756 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area. It is best known as the home of Bethany College, a private liberal arts college that was the first institution of higher education in what is now West Virginia.
Constantin Le Paige
Constantin Marie Le Paige (9 March 1852 – 26 January 1929) was a Belgian mathematician.

Born in Liège, Belgium, Le Paige began studying mathematics in 1869 at the University of Liège. After studying analysis under Professor Eugène Charles Catalan, Le Paige became a professor at the Université de Liège in 1882.

While interested in astronomy and the history of mathematics, Le Paige mainly worked on the theory of algebraic form, especially algebraic curves and surfaces and more particularly for his work on the construction of cubic surfaces. Le Paige remained at the university until his retirement in 1922.

Cubic surface
In mathematics, a cubic surface is a surface in 3-dimensional space defined by one polynomial equation of degree 3. Cubic surfaces are fundamental examples in algebraic geometry. The theory is simplified by working in projective space rather than affine space, and so cubic surfaces are generally considered in projective 3-space . The theory also becomes more uniform by focusing on surfaces over the complex numbers rather than the real numbers; note that a complex surface has real dimension 4. A simple example is the Fermat cubic surface

in . Many properties of cubic surfaces hold more generally for del Pezzo surfaces.
Jiangnan Yeshi
Jiangnan Yeshi (Chinese: 江南野史; lit. 'Unofficial History of Jiangnan') was a historical text on the Chinese Southern Tang dynasty written by the Long Gun (龍袞) during the Northern Song dynasty. Most likely of 20 chapters originally, only 10 are extant. Praised for its linguistic mastery, it was later included in the Siku Quanshu.

Jiangnan
Jiangnan is a geographic area in China referring to lands immediately to the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, including the southern part of its delta. The region encompasses the city of Shanghai, the southern part of Jiangsu Province, the southeastern part of Anhui Province, the northern part of Jiangxi Province and Zhejiang Province. The most important cities in the area include Anqing, Changzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Shaoxing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Wenzhou, Yangzhou and Zhenjiang.

Jiangnan has long been regarded as one of the most prosperous regions in China due to its wealth in trade and very high human development. Most people of the region speak Wu Chinese dialects as their languages which they are native to.
Amr Zaki
Amr Hassan Zaki (Arabic: عَمْرو حَسَن زَكِيّ; born 1 April 1983) is an Egyptian former professional footballer who played as a striker.

He has played for numerous different clubs in Egypt, Russia, England, Turkey and Kuwait. Zaki has made 63 appearances and scored 30 goals for the Egyptian national team. In his career, Zaki has been nicknamed "The Bulldozer" and has been likened to former England striker Alan Shearer.

However, his career has not been without controversy. He was labelled "highly unprofessional" by former Wigan manager Steve Bruce. Also, his decision not to join English club Portsmouth due to the nationality of some of the players garnered much criticism in the English press.

ENPPI SC
ENPPI Sporting Club (Arabic: نادي إنبي الرياضي), simply known as ENPPI, is an Egyptian football club based in East Cairo, that competes in the Egyptian Premier League and plays home matches at Petrosport stadium in New Cairo. The club is related to ENPPI (Engineering For The Petroleum And Process Industries), which was established in 1978.

The club's greatest achievement is winning the Egypt Cup twice and being the league runner-up in the 2004–05 season.
Saadallah Mazraani
Saadallah Mazraani (Arabic: سعدالله مزرعاني) is the Vice General Secretary of the Lebanese Communist Party since its 8th congress in 1998. He was nominated for parliamentary elections for several times in South Lebanon and scored a considerable number of votes every time he ran, but never succeeded in winning a parliamentary seat. In the last elections in 2005, he got 8,886 votes in the second district without success.

He was the General Secretary of the General Union of the Students of the Lebanese University from 1971 to 1973, then the General Secretary of the Union of Lebanese Democratic Youth (ULDY) from 1974 to 1978. He is also a member of the Political Bureau of the Lebanese Communist Party since 1976 till now, and a member of the central council of the Lebanese National Movement from 1982 to 1987. Mazraani also writes a weekly article in Al Akhbar newspaper and in several public and partisan papers.

Al Akhbar (Lebanon)
Al Akhbar (Arabic: الأخبار; lit. 'The News') is a daily Arabic language newspaper published in a semi tabloid format in Beirut. The newspaper's writers have included Ibrahim Al Amine, As'ad AbuKhalil, Amal Saad-Ghorayeb, Sharmine Narwani, Pierre Abi Saab, and Amer Mohsen. It is generally considered to be supportive of Hezbollah and opposes the regional policies of Saudi Arabia, the United States, and the Lebanese March 14 Political Alliance.

Al Akhbar's English-language section was temporarily discontinued on 6 March 2015, in part due to a lack of funds. In May 2025, the newspaper made an announcement that it had relaunched its English section.
Germination
Germination is the process by which an organism grows from a seed or spore. The term is applied to the sprouting of a seedling from a seed of an angiosperm or gymnosperm, the growth of a sporeling from a spore, such as the spores of fungi, ferns, bacteria, and the growth of the pollen tube from the pollen grain of a seed plant.

Seed plant
A seed plant or spermatophyte (from Ancient Greek  σπέρμα (spérma) 'seed' and  φυτόν (phutón) 'plant'; lit. 'seed plant'), also called a phanerogam (taxon Phanerogamae) or a phaenogam (taxon Phaenogamae), is any plant that produces seeds. It is a category of embryophyte (i.e. land plant) that includes most of the familiar land plants, including the flowering plants and the gymnosperms, but not ferns, mosses, or algae.

The term phanerogam or phanerogamae is derived from  Ancient Greek φανερός (phanerós), meaning "visible", in contrast to the term "cryptogam" or "cryptogamae" (from Ancient Greek  κρυπτός (kruptós) 'hidden', and γαμέω (gaméō), 'to marry'). These terms distinguish those plants with hidden sexual organs (cryptogamae) from those with visible ones (phanerogamae).
2007 SEAT Cupra Championship
The 2007 Blaupunkt SEAT Cupra Championship season was the fifth season of the SEAT Cupra Championship. It began on 1 April at Brands Hatch, and ended on 14 October at Thruxton, supporting rounds of the British Touring Car Championship.

Brands Hatch
Brands Hatch is a motor racing circuit in West Kingsdown, Kent, England. Originally used as a grasstrack motorcycle circuit on farmland, it hosted 12 runnings of the British Grand Prix between 1964 and 1986 and currently hosts many British and International racing events. The venue is owned and operated by Jonathan Palmer's MotorSport Vision organisation.
Dominion of Fiji
Fiji, also known as the Dominion of Fiji, was an independent state from 1970 to 1987, a Commonwealth realm in which the British monarch, Elizabeth II, remained head of state as Queen of Fiji, represented by the Governor-General. The state was the successor of the British Colony of Fiji which was given independence in October 1970 and it survived until the Republic of Fiji was proclaimed on 6 October 1987 after two military coups, at which time Queen Elizabeth II was removed as head of state, albeit, without any consent from the people of Fiji themselves.

During this time, Fiji's highest court was the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, which was above the Supreme Court of Fiji in the Fijian judicial system.

Ethnic groups in Europe
Europeans are the focus of European ethnology, the field of anthropology related to the various ethnic groups that reside in the states of Europe. Groups may be defined by common ancestry, language, faith, historical continuity, etc. There are no universally accepted and precise definitions of the terms "ethnic group" and "nationality", but in the context of European ethnography in particular, the terms ethnic group, people, nationality and ethno-linguistic group are used as mostly synonymous. Preference may vary in usage with respect to the situation specific to the individual countries of Europe, and the context in which they may be classified by those terms.

The total number of national minority populations in Europe is estimated at 105 million people, or 14% of 770 million Europeans in 2002. The Russians are the most populous among Europeans, with a population of roughly 120 million.
Ulmus × androssowii 'Fiorente'
The cultivar Ulmus × androssowii 'Fiorente' was derived from a crossing of the Siberian Elm Ulmus pumila clone 'S.10' (female parent) from Lucca, Italy, with the Ulmus minor clone 'C.02' from Lungarno, Florence, by the Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante (IPP), part of the Italian National Research Council, in Florence. The tree is protected by Plant Breeders' Rights bestowed by the EU on 25 March 2010.

'Fiorente' was introduced to the UK in 2007 by Hampshire & Isle of Wight Branch, Butterfly Conservation as part of its assessment of DED-resistant cultivars as potential hosts of the endangered White-letter Hairstreak.

National Research Council (Italy)
The National Research Council (Italian: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR) is the largest research council in Italy. As a public organisation, its remit is to support scientific and technological research. Its headquarters are in Rome.
1944 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1944 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 50th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board.

Ahane were the defending champions.

On 10 September 1944, Ahane won the championship after a 4–02 to 1–08 defeat of Rathkeale in the final. It was their 11th championship title overall and their third title in succession.

Limerick GAA
The Limerick County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael, Coiste Chontae Luimneach) or Limerick GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Limerick. The county board is also responsible for the Limerick county teams.

The county hurling team has the fourth highest total of All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) titles, behind Kilkenny, Cork and Tipperary. The county football team was the first from the province of Munster both to win an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC), as well as to appear in the final.

As of 2009, there were 108 clubs affiliated to Limerick GAA — the third highest, alongside Antrim.
Crestwood Ladies Fall Classic
The Crestwood Ladies Fall Classic was an annual bonspiel, or curling tournament, that took place at the Crestwood Curling Club in Edmonton, Alberta. It was established in 2014 and ran until 2018, when it was discontinued. The event was held in a round robin format.

Through its five editions, the event featured mainly Albertan teams, however, only two of the winning teams were from there. The tournament also included teams from other Canadian provinces such as British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Saskatchewan, and the Northwest Territories. International teams from China, Japan, Russia, South Korea, Switzerland, and the United States all competed in the event as well, with Gim Un-chi of South Korea and Victoria Moiseeva of Russia winning in 2014 and 2017 respectively.

Crestwood Curling Club
The Crestwood Curling Club is a curling club located in the Crestwood neighbourhood of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

The club was founded in 1954 on the location of Crestwood Park in west Edmonton. On February 16, 1955 the club opened its doors, and its first feature game involved Brier champion Matt Baldwin take on Ole Olson.  New additions to the club would be added in 1964. A new ice plant was added in 1981, and the club was renovated in 2004. In 2010, the club switched from a sand base to a concrete base.

The club has six sheets, and the rock colours are red and blue.
Letter Arts Review
Letter Arts Review (formerly Calligraphy Review and originally Calligraphy Idea Exchange) is a quarterly magazine devoted to contemporary and historical lettering, calligraphy, typography, and text-based art. The magazine was established in 1982. It was published by John Neal Bookseller until issue 35.1 (January 2021). In June 2021 Greg Sharp, President and CEO of Sea Hill Press Inc, became the third publisher of the Magazine. Letter Arts Review is edited and designed by the calligrapher Christopher Calderhead. The magazine is headquartered in Leesburg, Florida, United States. A juried issue showing contemporary developments within this field is published annually.

Lettering
Lettering or handlettering is a term for artfully drawing letters, instead of writing them simply. Each letter is created with attention to detail and has a unique role within a composition. Lettering is created as an image, with letters that are meant to be used in a unique configuration. Lettering words do not always translate into alphabets that can later be used in a typeface, since they are created with a specific word in mind.