hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Critical chain project management
Critical chain project management (CCPM) is a method of planning and managing projects that emphasizes the resources (people, equipment, physical space) required to execute project tasks.  It was developed by Eliyahu M. Goldratt. It differs from more traditional methods that derive from critical path and PERT algorithms, which emphasize task order and rigid scheduling.  A critical chain project network strives to keep resources levelled, and requires that they be flexible in start times.

Program evaluation and review technique
The program  evaluation and review technique (PERT) is a statistical tool used in project management, which was designed to analyze and represent the tasks involved in completing a given project.

PERT was originally developed by Charles E. Clark for the United States Navy in 1958; it is commonly used in conjunction with the Critical Path Method (CPM), which was also introduced in 1958.
People's Libraries Society
People's Libraries Society (Polish: Towarzystwo Czytelni Ludowych (TCL)) was an educational society established in 1880 for the Prussian partition of Poland (active in the regions of Greater Poland or the Grand Duchy of Poznan, Pomerania, West Prussia, Kashubia and Silesia). Its main goal was to promote education in Polish amongst the people, especially the lower classes, and to revert the Germanisation practices of the Prussian authorities. The society established a network of libraries, reading rooms, and organized speeches. It was active until the outbreak of World War II in 1939, and it was dissolved in 1950.

Kashubia
Kashubia or Cassubia (Kashubian: Kaszëbë or Kaszëbskô; Polish: Kaszuby [kaˈʂubɨ] ⓘ; German: Kaschubei or Kaschubien) is an ethnocultural region in the historic Eastern Pomerania (Pomerelia) region of northern Poland. It is inhabited by the Kashubian people, and many in the region have historically spoken the Kashubian language, with some still speaking it.

The unofficial self-description of "capital city of Kashubia" has long been contested by Kartuzy and Kościerzyna.
Saeid Marouf
Mir Saeid Marouf Lakerani (Persian: میرسعید معروف لاكرانی; born 20 October 1985) is an Iranian volleyball setter. He was the captain of the Iranian national team. He was named best setter at the 2014 World League and 2008, 2012 and 2016 Olympic qualifying tournaments, as well as most valuable player at the 2013 Asian Championship. He participated in the Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 Olympics. He was voted Iranian Sportsmen of the year for (2015–16) of the Iranian calendar by an Iranian

Volleyball at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's tournament in volleyball at the 2016 Summer Olympics was the 14th edition of the event at the Summer Olympics, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB, in conjunction with the IOC. It was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 7 to 21 August 2016.

Brazil won the gold medal after a 3–0 win over Italy. The United States defeated Russia 3–2 to win the bronze medal.

The medals for the competition were presented by Shamil Tarpishchev, Russia; Habu Gumel, Nigeria; and Bernard Rajzman, Brazil; Members of the International Olympic Committee and Carlos Arthur Nuzman, Honorary member of the International Olympic Committee and President of the Rio 2016 Organising Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Games, and the gifts were presented by Ary Graça, Dr. Rafael Lloreda Currea and Dr. Amr Elwani, President and Executive Vice-Presidents of the FIVB.
German submarine U-640
German submarine U-640 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.
She was laid down on 30 October 1941 by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg as yard number 616, launched on 23 July 1942 and commissioned on 17 September 1942 under Oberleutnant zur See Karl-Heinz Nagel.

Blohm+Voss
Blohm+Voss (B+V), also written historically as Blohm & Voss, Blohm und Voß etc., is a German shipbuilding and engineering company. Founded in Hamburg in 1877 to specialise in steel-hulled ships, its most famous product was the World War II battleship Bismarck. In the 1930s, its owners established the Hamburger Flugzeugbau aircraft manufacturer which, shortly before the outbreak of World War II, adopted the name of its parent company. Following a difficult period after the war, B+V was revived, changing ownership among several owners, such as Thyssen Group and Star Capital.

In 2016 it became a subsidiary of Lürssen and supplied both the military and civilian markets before becoming subsidiary of Rheinmetall in 2025.

The company  serves two areas – new construction of warships as NVL B.V. & Co. KG, and new construction and refitting of megayachts.
George Aslan
George Aslan, also known by his birth name George Aryo (Syriac: ܓܐܘܪܓܝ ܐܪܝܐ), is a Turkish politician of Assyrian descent. He is currently part of the Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party and has been a deputy for Mardin in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey since 2023.

He previously resided in the Netherlands for 37 years.

Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party
The Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party (Kurmanji Kurdish: Partiya Wekhevî û Demokrasiya Gelan; Turkish: Halkların Eşitlik ve Demokrasi Partisi, abbreviated as DEM Party) is a pro-Kurdish political party in Turkey. It is the legal successor of the Green Left Party and with the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) handing over its work to this party in 2023, it became the latest iteration of the Kurdish minority interests party in Turkey. Similar to its predecessors, its adversaries accuse the party of being the political branch of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), which is designated as a terrorist organization by Turkey.
Nor Hayati Bachok
Nor Hayati binti Bachok is a Malaysian politician who served as Member of the Johor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Maharani from May 2018 to March 2022. She is a member of the National Trust Party (AMANAH), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition and was a member of the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), a component party of formerly the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) coalition. She also served as the Deputy Women Chief of AMANAH from December 2019 to December 2023.

Johor State Legislative Assembly
The Johor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Johor) is the unicameral legislature of the Malaysian state of Johor. It is composed of 56 members who are elected from single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart. Prior to the 2022 state election, elections are always held concurrently with the federal parliament and other state assemblies elections (except Sarawak).

The State Assembly convenes at Sultan Ismail Building in Kota Iskandar, Iskandar Puteri, Johor Bahru.
Tumor-informed minimal residual disease
Tumor-informed minimal residual disease (MRD) testing, often abbreviated as tiMRD, is a highly sensitive, personalized approach for detecting and monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD) in cancer patients. It primarily analyzes circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)—small fragments of DNA shed from tumor cells into the blood plasma. This method addresses limitations of traditional cancer staging in identifying individuals with minimal residual disease after treatment, who are at high risk of relapse.

Tumor-informed assays are custom-built for each patient by typically sequencing the patient's tumor tissue to identify its unique set of somatic mutations, and then creating a personalized panel to track these specific markers in subsequent blood tests. This personalized approach is primarily applied in solid tumors—including colorectal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, and bladder cancer—to assess recurrence risk, monitor treatment response, and potentially guide adjuvant therapy decisions.

Cancer staging
Cancer staging is the process of determining the extent to which a cancer has  grown and spread. A number from I to IV is assigned, with I being an isolated cancer and IV being a cancer that has metastasized and spread from its origin. The stage generally takes into account the size of a tumor, whether it has invaded adjacent organs, how many regional (nearby) lymph nodes it has spread to (if any), and whether it has appeared in more distant locations (metastasized).
Dhanya (film)
Dhanya is a 1981 Indian Malayalam-language film written and directed by Fazil and produced by Boban Kunchacko. The film stars Srividya, Mohanlal, Jagathy Sreekumar, and Nedumudi Venu. The musical score was composed by Jerry Amaldev.
It was the debut film of Kunchako Boban, who appears in a minor role as a child.

Jerry Amaldev
Jerome Thomas Veleeparambil, more popularly known by his stage name Jerry Amaldev (born 15 April 1939) is a three-time Kerala State Film Awards winning Indian composer of film scores who has given music to some of the most important motion pictures of Malayalam cinema. He is noted for his lyrical and expressive melodies together with simple but rich tonal compositions of Indian music.
The Red Violin (soundtrack)
The Red Violin is the original soundtrack album on the Sony Classical label of the 1999 film The Red Violin (original title: Le violon rouge), starring Carlo Cecchi, Sandra Oh and Samuel L. Jackson. The original score and songs were composed by John Corigliano and performed by Philharmonia Orchestra with Esa-Pekka Salonen conducting.

The album won the Academy Award for Best Original Score and was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media, but lost to the score of A Bug's Life.

Carlo Cecchi
Carlo Cecchi (25 January 1939 – 23 January 2026) was an Italian actor and theater director.

Born in Florence, Cecchi studied under the Living Theatre and with the Workshop of Eduardo De Filippo. He appeared in films such as La sua giornata di gloria (1969), Le Mans (1971) and Death of a Neapolitan Mathematician (1992). In 1971, he directed in Florence a theatre cooperative playing works by Shakespeare, Mayakovsky, Brecht, Chekhov, and Molière.

Cecchi died on 23 January 2026, at the age of 86.
Stephen Joseph Zand
Stephen Joseph Zand (September 18, 1898 – 24 January 1963) was an aeronautical pioneer who worked at the Sperry Gyroscope Co. and was later vice president of engineering at the Lord Corporation. He solved many of the early problems related to vibrations and sound. He won the Wright Brothers Medal in 1931 for a paper on how vibration affects on-board instruments.

Sperry Corporation
Sperry Corporation was a major American equipment and electronics company whose existence spanned more than seven decades of the 20th century. Sperry ceased to exist in 1986 following a prolonged hostile takeover bid engineered by Burroughs Corporation, which merged the combined operation under the new name Unisys. Some of Sperry's former divisions became part of Honeywell, Lockheed Martin, Raytheon Technologies, and Northrop Grumman.

The company is best known as the developer of the artificial horizon and a wide variety of other gyroscope-based aviation instruments like autopilots, bombsights, analog ballistics computers and gyro gunsights. In the post-WWII era the company branched out into electronics, both aviation-related, and later, computers.

The company was founded by Elmer Ambrose Sperry.
2016 Ulster Senior Club Football Championship
The 2016 Ulster Senior Club Football Championship was the 49th instalment of the annual Ulster Senior Club Football Championship organised by Ulster GAA. It was one of the four provincial competitions of the 2016–17 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship.

Armagh's Crossmaglen Rangers were the 2015 champions, but defeat in the Armagh semi-final meant they couldn't defend their title.

Derry champions Slaughtneil claimed their second Ulster title by beating Down champions Kilcoo in the final.

Derry GAA
The Derry County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Chontae Dhoire) or Derry GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland. It is responsible for Gaelic games in County Londonderry in Northern Ireland (the GAA refers to the county as Derry). The county board is also responsible for the Derry county teams.

Football is the most popular of the county board's Gaelic games. The county football team won an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC) in 1993; it was the fourth from the province of Ulster to do so, following Cavan, Donegal and Down. The county team has also won seven National League titles and nine Ulster Championship titles.

However, Derry is also regarded as a small dual county.

According to a 2015 TUD study by Shane Mangan, Derry had slightly more than over 9,100 players.
Evolution & Development
Evolution & Development is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing material at the interface of evolutionary and developmental biology. Within evolutionary developmental biology, it has the aim of aiding a broader synthesis of biological thought in these two areas. Its scope ranges from paleontology and population biology, to developmental and molecular biology, including mathematics and the history and philosophy of science.

It was established in 1999 by five biologists: Wallace Arthur, Sean B. Carroll, Michael Coates, Rudolf Raff, and Gregory Wray. It is published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology.

Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. It was formed by the merger of John Wiley & Sons Global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing in 2007.

Wiley-Blackwell is now an imprint that publishes a diverse range of academic and professional fields, including biology, medicine, physical sciences, technology, social science, and the humanities.
Jouke de Vries
Jouke de Vries (born 26 September 1960) is a Dutch political scientist, university administrator, and politician. He is chairman of the Executive Board of the University of Groningen (RUG) in the Netherlands. Before that he was Dean of the University of Groningen/Campus Fryslân in Leeuwarden.

University of Groningen
The University of Groningen (abbreviated as UG; Dutch: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, abbreviated as RUG) is a public research university of more than 30,000 students in the city of Groningen, Netherlands. Founded in 1614, the university is the second oldest in the country (after Leiden).

The University of Groningen has eleven faculties, nine graduate schools, 27 research centres and institutes, and more than 175-degree programmes. The university's alumni and faculty include Johann Bernoulli, Aletta Jacobs, four Nobel Prize winners, nine Spinoza Prize winners, one Stevin Prize winner, various members of the Dutch royal family, several politicians, the first president of the European Central Bank, and a secretary general of NATO.
T. Narayana Rao
https://www.narayanamedciti.com/

T. Narayana Rao M.B.B.S., MS FICS, FACS, FRCS Glasgow is Formerly Professor of Surgery, Andhra Medical College, and chief surgeon at King George Hospital, bariatric surgeon of Visakhapatnam. Started Visakha Obesity Surgery Center, Founder - Chairman and Managing Director of a Multi Speciality Hospital, Narayana Medciti, Visakhapatnam, Member of Governing Council and Hon Jn secretary of ASSOCIATION of Surgeons of India.

Bhishma Narain Singh
Bhishma Narain Singh (13 July 1933 – 1 August 2018) was an Indian politician who served as the Governor of Assam from 15 April 1984 to 10 May 1989 and was the Governor of Tamil Nadu between 15 February 1991 and 30 May 1993.
Ellenborough Park Hotel
Ellenborough Park Hotel (previously the baronial hall, Southam House or Southam Delabere) is a country house hotel in Southam, about 2+1⁄2 miles (4.0 km) northeast of the centre of Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England. It is a Grade II* listed building.

Southam is at the foot of Cleeve Hill, the highest point of the Cotswolds, and is part of Tewkesbury Borough.  As Southam House, it was the seat of Richard de la Bere and later the Earl of Ellenborough, and afterwards became a girls' school and then the De la Bere Hotel. The current hotel was established in 2008; it has 61 rooms.

Cleeve Hill, Gloucestershire
Cleeve Hill (also known as Cleeve Cloud) is the highest point both of the Cotswolds hill range and of the county of Gloucestershire, at 330 m (1,080 ft). It is located on Cleeve Common, which is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) looked after by a small charity called Cleeve Common Trust (formally Cleeve Common Board of Conservators). It commands a clear view to the west, over Cheltenham and the racecourse, over the River Severn and into Wales; and to the north over Winchcombe.  It is a conspicuous outcrop on the edge of the limestone escarpment, (sometimes called the "Cotswold Edge"). It is crossed by the Cotswold Way footpath.

With the hill's south slopes draining to the River Coln, Cleeve Hill is the highest point in the drainage basin of the River Thames.
Ângelo Gammaro
Ângelo Chiappeta Gammaro (17 September 1895 – 12 June 1977) was a Brazilian sportsman. He competed at one Olympics for his native country. Born in Rio de Janeiro, he represented Brazil in swimming and water polo at the 1920 Olympics.

He was one of the first Brazilians who participated at the Olympics. At the 1920 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, the first time that Brazil participated in the Games, he swam the 100-meter freestyle, not reaching the finals. He also participated in the Water Polo, finishing fourth with the Brazil team.

Swimming at the 1920 Summer Olympics
At the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, ten swimming events were contested. The women's 300 metre freestyle event was new since the previous Games in 1912. The competitions were held from Sunday August 22, 1920, to Sunday August 29, 1920. There was a total of 116 participants from 19 countries competing.
Massoud Ali-Mohammadi
Massoud Ali-Mohammadi (Persian: مسعود علی‌محمدی‎; 24 August 1959 – 12 January 2010) was an Iranian quantum field theorist and elementary-particle physicist and a distinguished professor of elementary particle physics at the University of Tehran's Department of Physics. Ali-Mohammadi was the first PhD graduate student in physics of the Sharif University of Technology. He published some 53 articles and letters in peer-reviewed academic journals and wrote and translated several physics textbooks, including Modern Quantum Mechanics, revised edition, by J. J. Sakurai, which he translated from English into Persian in collaboration with Hamidreza Moshfegh.

On 12 January 2010, Ali-Mohammadi was assassinated in front of his home in Tehran, while leaving for university. Majid Jamali Fashi was convicted of his killing and executed on 15 May 2012. He stated that he had acted on the instructions of Mossad and had been trained in Tel Aviv.

Modern Quantum Mechanics
Modern Quantum Mechanics, often called Sakurai or Sakurai and Napolitano, is a standard graduate-level quantum mechanics textbook written originally by J. J. Sakurai and edited by San Fu Tuan in 1985, with later editions coauthored by Jim Napolitano. Sakurai died in 1982 before he could finish the textbook and both the first edition of the book, published in 1985 by Benjamin Cummings, and the revised edition of 1994, published by Addison-Wesley, were edited and completed by Tuan posthumously. The book was updated by Napolitano and released two later editions. The second edition was initially published by Addison-Wesley in 2010 and rereleased as an eBook by Cambridge University Press, which released a third edition in 2020.
James A. Thomas Farm
James A. Thomas Farm is a historic home and farm located near Pittsboro, Chatham County, North Carolina.  The house consist of a one-story frame cabin, perhaps constructed during the late 1860s or early 1870s, with a rear shed and a two-story, vernacular Greek Revival style wing added in the early 1880s.  Also on the property are several contributing log, weatherboard and board-and-batten outbuildings.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Chatham County, North Carolina
Chatham County (locally /ˈtʃætəm/ CHAT-əm) is a county located in the Piedmont area of the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is also the location of the geographic center of North Carolina, northwest of Sanford. As of the 2020 census, the population was 76,285. Its county seat is Pittsboro.

Chatham County is part of the Durham-Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.
Nettrice Gaskins
Nettrice R. Gaskins (born September 25, 1970) is an African-American digital artist, academic, cultural critic and advocate of STEAM fields. In her work, she explores "techno-vernacular creativity" and Afrofuturism.

Cultural critic
A cultural critic is a critic of a given culture, usually as a whole. Cultural criticism has significant overlap with social and cultural theory. While such criticism is simply part of the self-consciousness of the culture, the social positions of the critics and the medium they use vary widely. The conceptual and political grounding of criticism also changes over time.
Krymske, Luhansk Oblast
Krymske (Ukrainian: Кримське; Russian: Крымское) is a village in Sievierodonetsk Raion (district) in Luhansk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at about 50 km NW from the centre of Luhansk city.

The village is situated on the right bank of the Siverskyi Donets. It belongs to Hirske urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Donets
The Seversky Donets (Russian: Северский Донец) or Siverskyi Donets (Ukrainian: Сіверський Донець), usually simply called the Donets (Russian: Донец, lit. 'Don + - ets, suffix'), is a river on the south of the East European Plain. It originates in the Central Russian Upland, north of Belgorod, flows south-east through Ukraine (Kharkiv, Donetsk and Luhansk Oblasts) and then again through Russia (Rostov Oblast) to join the river Don, about 100 km (62 mi) from the Sea of Azov. The Donets is the fourth-longest river in Ukraine, and the largest in eastern Ukraine, where it is an important source of fresh water. It gives its name to the Donets Basin, known commonly as the Donbas, an important coal-mining and industrial region in Ukraine.
Kiermuszyny Wielkie
Kiermuszyny Wielkie [kʲɛrmuˈʂɨnɨ ˈvjɛlkʲɛ] is an abandoned settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Banie Mazurskie, within Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Gołdap County
Gołdap County (Polish: powiat gołdapski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. Its administrative seat and only town is Gołdap, which lies 133 kilometres (83 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

When powiats were re-introduced in the Polish local government reforms of 1999, the present Gołdap and Olecko Counties made up a single entity (called powiat olecko-gołdapski or Olecko-Gołdap County). This was divided into two in 2002.

The county covers an area of 771.93 square kilometres (298.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 26,825, out of which the population of Gołdap is 13,716 and the rural population is 13,109.