hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vadouvan
Vadouvan (occasionally spelled vaudouvan), or French curry, is a ready-to-use blend of spices that is a French derivative of a masala known as vadavam, vadagam, or vadakam. It is a curry blend with added aromatics such as shallots and garlic. The spice blend is thought to have originated from French colonial influence in the Puducherry region of India.

Indian recipes for vadouvan blends vary but, at a minimum, must contain pounded onion, garlic, cumin seeds, mustard seeds and fenugreek. The mixture is dried in the sun and then crushed, mixed with castor oil, which has preservative properties, and rolled into balls, which are then dried for several more days.

Similarly, Western recipes for vadouvan use onions, garlic, spices and oil, but the drying is done using an oven.

Mustard seed
Mustard seeds are the small round seeds of various mustard plants. The seeds are usually about 1 to 2 millimetres (1⁄32 to 3⁄32 in) in diameter and may be colored from yellowish white to black. They are an important spice in many regional foods and may come from one of three different plants: black mustard (Brassica nigra), brown mustard (B. juncea), or white mustard (Sinapis alba).

Grinding and mixing the seeds with water, vinegar or other liquids creates the yellow condiment known as mustard.
Amanda Merrill
Amanda Merrill (born May 9, 1951) is an American politician. She is a Democratic former member of the New Hampshire Senate from Durham, serving from 2008 to 2012.  She represented Senate District 21, which comprised Dover, Durham, Epping, Lee, and Rollinsford.  Merrill served on the Education; Election Law and Veteran's Affairs; Energy, Environment and Economic Development; and Wildlife, Fish and Game and Agriculture committees in the Senate.

New Hampshire Senate
The New Hampshire State Senate is the upper house of the New Hampshire General Court, alongside the New Hampshire House of Representatives. The Senate has been meeting since 1784. The senate consists of 24 members representing Senate districts based on population. There are 16 Republicans and 8 Democrats currently serving in the senate.
Caio Túlio Costa
Caio Túlio Costa (born 1954 in Alfenas) is a Brazilian journalist, professor of journalism, PhD in communication at the University of São Paulo and visiting research fellow at Columbia University (2013). Expert in digital media, he is also the founder of Torabit, a digital monitoring platform that started operating commercially in 2017.

Costa worked for 21 years at the newspaper Folha de S.Paulo where he was editor, managing editor, correspondent  in Europe (based in Paris), magazine director and pioneer in the company's investments in internet. He was also the first ombudsman of the Brazilian press, a position he held in this same newspaper.

Then, Caio Túlio created Folha de São Paulo's weekly magazine Revista da Folha and, in 1995, was one of the founders of the internet service provider Universo Online (UOL), of which he was the general director until 2002. He was also the Presidente of iG, other Brazilian internet portal.

Universo Online
Universo Online (Portuguese, 'Universe Online') (known by the acronym UOL) is a Brazilian web content, products and services company. It belongs to Grupo Folha enterprise.

UOL is the world's largest Portuguese speaking portal, featuring more than 1,000 news sources and 7 million pages. The portal provides website hosting, data storage, publicity dealing, online payments and security systems. It also holds more than 300,000 online shops, 23 million buyers, and 4 million vendors in its portals.

In 2012, UOL was the fifth most visited website in Brazil. According to Ibope Nielsen Online, UOL is Brazil's largest internet portal with more than 50 million unique visitors and 6.7 billion page views every month.
FIS Cross-Country World Cup Finals
The FIS Cross-Country World Cup Finals is a cross-country skiing event held annually since the 2007–08 season in various places in Europe or Canada. The World Cup Finals is a Stage World Cup event in the FIS Cross-Country World Cup, and is held as the last World Cup race weekend of the season. The inaugural World Cup Finals was held in 2008 in Bormio, Italy. As of the 2018–19 season, the World Cup Finals consists of three stages; a sprint, a mass start race and a pursuit.

The first stages was arranged on 14 March 2008 and were won by Claudia Künzel (ladies) and Pietro Piller Cottrer (men). The first overall winners of the World Cup Finals were Virpi Kuitunen and Vincent Vittoz.

Claudia Nystad
Claudia Nystad (née Künzel, born 1 February 1978) is a German top-level woman cross-country skier. She was born in Zschopau, East Germany, and represents the sports club WSC Erzgebirge Oberwiesenthal. Besides her civilian sports career, she serves as a sports soldier with the German Federal Armed Forces.
Self-brand
Throughout the long history of consumer research, there has been much interest regarding how consumers choose which brand to buy and why they continue to purchase these brands. Self-branding describes the process in which consumers match their own self-concept with the images of a certain brand.

People engaged in consumption do not merely buy certain products to satisfy basic needs. In fact, consumer buying habits are at a much deeper level. Owning a certain brand can help consumers to express and build their own self-concept. Specifically, consumers will often only purchase certain trademarks when he/she finds a match between the brand image (communicated through advertisement, design of retail shop, or even package design) and his/her own self-concept. Thereby, the value of a brand also depends on its ability to help consumer to build and create self-concept.

Consumer
A consumer is a person or a group who intends to order, or use purchased goods, products, or services primarily for personal, social, family, household and similar needs, who is not directly related to entrepreneurial or business activities.  The term most commonly refers to a person who purchases goods and services for personal use.
Lynching of Jim McIlherron
Jim McIlherron was an African-American man who was tortured and executed by a lynch mob on February 12, 1918, in Estill Springs, Tennessee. McIlherron was lynched in retaliation for shooting and killing two white men after a fight broke out.

Walter White wrote a report on the lynching for the May 1918 issue of the NAACP magazine The Crisis.

It was also covered by the York Daily Record and The New York Times in February 1918.

Lynching
Lynching is an extrajudicial killing by a group. It is most often used to characterize informal public executions by a mob in order to punish an alleged or convicted transgressor or to intimidate others. It can also be an extreme form of informal group social control, and it is often conducted with the display of a public spectacle (often in the form of a hanging) for maximum intimidation. Instances of lynchings and similar mob violence can be found in all societies.

In the United States, where the word lynching likely originated, the practice became associated with vigilante justice on the frontier and mob attacks on African Americans accused of crimes. The latter became frequent in the South during the period after the Reconstruction era, especially during the nadir of American race relations. Black people are thought to be the primary victims of lynching in the U.S. (about 72% of the total).
Ulrika Francke
Ulrika Francke is a Swedish executive and former politician who was president of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) between 2022 and 2023.

Francke studied at Stockholm University. She became the Vice Mayor of Stockholm as a Liberal Party politician between 1992 and 1999. During this time she was the city director of urban planning from 1992 to 1996 and the city director of streets and real estate from 1996 to 1999.

She spent 10 years as the CEO of Tyréns, a Swedish construction and civil engineering consultancy company, until 2017.

It was announced in November 2020 that Francke had been elected by ISO member bodies to serve as the organisation's president starting in January 2022, becoming the first woman to have ever held the role.

She was elected a fellow of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences in 1998.

Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences
The Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences (Swedish: Kungliga Ingenjörsvetenskapsakademien, IVA), founded on 24 October 1919 by King Gustaf V, is one of the royal academies in Sweden. The academy is an independent organisation, which promotes contact and exchange between business, research, and government, in Sweden and internationally. It is the world's oldest academy of engineering sciences.(OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Sweden 2012).
Odie B. Faulk
Odie B. Faulk (born August 26, 1933, in Winnsboro, Texas) is a historian who specializes in the history of the U.S. Southwest.  Credited with writing or co-authoring more than fifty books, he is a professor emeritus of history at Northeastern Oklahoma State University.

Northeastern State University
Northeastern State University (NSU; Cherokee: ᎤᏴᏢᎢ ᎧᎸᎬ ᎢᏗᏜ ᏍᎦᏚᎩ ᏗᏕᏠᏆᏍᏗᎢ) is a public university whose main campus is in Tahlequah, Oklahoma. The university also has campuses in Muskogee and Broken Arrow. Northeastern is Oklahoma's oldest institution of higher learning and one of the oldest west of the Mississippi River. Tahlequah is home to the capital of the Cherokee Nation and about 25% of NSU students identify themselves as American Indian. The university has many courses focused on Native American linguistics, and offers Cherokee language education as a major. Some classes are taught in Cherokee for first language speakers.
Denaji
Denaji (Arabic: دناجي) is a Syrian village in the Qatana District of the Rif Dimashq Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Denaji had a population of 933 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Rif Dimashq Governorate
Rif Dimashq Governorate (Arabic: محافظة ريف دمشق, romanized: Moḥaafaẓat Reef Demashq, lit. "Damascus Countryside" or "Damascus Suburbs") is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in the southwestern part of the country. It borders the governorates of Quneitra, Daraa and Suwayda in the southwest, Homs in the north, Lebanon in the west and Jordan in the south. The capital is the city of Douma.

The Governorate completely surrounds the city and governorate of Damascus and it has an area of 18,032 km² and a population of 2,273,074 (2004 census).

The Governorate was a major site of fighting in the Syrian Civil War in the Rif Dimashq Governorate campaign.
Lashany, Minsk region
Lashany (Belarusian: Лашаны, romanized: Lašany; Russian: Лошаны, romanized: Loshany) is an agrotown in Minsk District, Minsk Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Lashany rural council. It is located 26 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of the capital Minsk. In 1998, it had a population of 539. In 2010, it had a population of 654.

Minsk region
Minsk region, also known as Minsk oblast or Minsk voblasts, is one of the six regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Minsk, although it is a separate administrative territorial entity of Belarus. The region's population was recorded at 1,411,500 in 2011.
2017 New Zealand rugby league season
The 2017 New Zealand rugby league season was the 110th season of rugby league that had been played in New Zealand. The main feature of the year was the National Competition, run by the New Zealand Rugby League. The New Zealand national rugby league team also competed at the 2017 Rugby League World Cup.

Point Chevalier Pirates
The Point Chevalier Pirates are a New Zealand rugby league club based in Point Chevalier. The Pirates currently compete in the Fox Memorial (First Division) competition run by the Auckland Rugby League.
James Ellis (Australian politician)
James Cole Ellis (16 September 1843 – 7 July 1930) was an Australian politician.

Ellis was born in Jersey and migrated to Victoria in 1854 and moved to New South Wales in 1857.  He became a major ship-owner in Newcastle and acquired waterfront property in Pyrmont in Sydney. He married Maria Kramer in 1863 and they had one daughter and six sons.

In 1882, Ellis was elected as a member for Newcastle in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly and held the seat until 1889. He was appointed to the New South Wales Legislative Council in 1891, but resigned in 1894 to successfully contest Newcastle West, which he held until 1895.

Ellis married Anne Johnson in 1922.  He died in the Sydney suburb of Woollahra.

Woollahra
Woollahra (/wʊˈlɑːrə/ wool-AH-rə) is a suburb in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Woollahra is located 5 km (3.1 mi) east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the Municipality of Woollahra. Woollahra is located on the traditional land of the Birrabirragal and Gadigal people of the Eora Nation. The Municipality of Woollahra takes its name from the suburb but its administrative centre is located in Double Bay. Woollahra is known for its quiet, tree-lined residential streets and village-style shopping centre.
Lilia Izquierdo
Lilia Izquierdo Aguirre (born 10 February 1967) is a Cuban retired female volleyball player and three-time Olympian. Izquierdo helped the Cuban women's national volleyball team win gold medals at the Summer Olympics in 1992, 1996, and 2000. She also helped the Cuban national team win gold medals at the 1994 and 1998 FIVB World Championship. Additionally, she won gold medals at the FIVB World Cup in 1989, 1991, 1995, and 1999. Izquierdo was a setter.

1999 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup
The 1999 FIVB Women's World Cup was held from 2 to 16 November 1999 in Japan. The winner received a fast lane ticket into the 2000 Summer Olympics.

Twelve women's national teams played at several venues across Japan. the teams were the hosts Japan, continental and vice-champions from Asia, Europe, NORCECA and South America, the African continental champion, and two wild-card teams created by the FIVB and the Japan Volleyball Association.

Teams played a 66-game single-round robin format match, in two groups (site A and site B).
Body Riddle
Body Riddle is the third studio album by English electronic musician Clark, released on 2 October 2006 by Warp Records. It was his first release under the mononym Clark, having previously recorded as Chris Clark. The album marked a departure from the purely electronic sound of his earlier work, incorporating live drums, acoustic instruments, and field recordings made in caves in Wales.

Body Riddle received widespread critical acclaim upon release, with Drowned in Sound awarding 9 out of 10 and Pitchfork giving 8.5 out of 10. In 2017, Pitchfork ranked it 17th on its list of "The 50 Best IDM Albums of All Time". The album has been cited as an influence by producers including Rustie and Hudson Mohawke. It was remastered and reissued in 2022, accompanied by 05–10, a companion album of unreleased material from the same era.

The Quietus
The Quietus is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics.
Centreville Armory
The Centreville Armory in Centreville, Maryland, is part of a series of Maryland National Guard armories built in the 1920s in principal towns in Maryland. The armories followed a standard design with a castle-like front housing offices and meeting spaces, backed by a large drill hall.

The armory was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

The Centreville Armory was purchased by Wye River Upper School in 2010 and became the main campus of the independent co-educational day school for students with learning differences in 2014.

Arsenal
An arsenal is a place where arms and ammunition are made, maintained and repaired, stored, or issued, in any combination, whether privately or publicly owned. Arsenal and armoury (British English) or armory (American English) are mostly regarded as synonyms, although subtle differences in usage exist.

A sub-armory is a place of temporary storage or carrying of weapons and ammunition, such as any temporary post or patrol vehicle that is only operational in certain times of the day.
PlayStation Experience
PlayStation Experience, also known as PSX, was an annual event for the video game industry presented by Sony Interactive Entertainment used to reveal and advertise PlayStation games and game-related merchandise. The event was open to the public and showcases various panels and many unreleased games, with playable demos.

Warner Bros. Games
Warner Bros. Games (formerly Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment) is an American video game publisher based in Burbank, California. The publisher was founded as a division of Warner Bros. on January 14, 2004, as well as the WB Games brand. Warner Bros. Games manages the wholly owned game development studios TT Games, Rocksteady Studios, NetherRealm Studios, WB Games Boston, Avalanche Software and WB Games Montréal among others.
Flying disc at the 2025 World Games
The flying disc competition at the 2025 World Games took place from 8 to 16 August 2025 in Chengdu, China. The ultimate event took place at the Chengdu Sport University Sancha Lake Campus while the disc golf was held at Guixi Park.

Chengdu Sport University
Chengdu Sport University (Chinese: 成都体育学院; pinyin: Chéngdū Tǐyù Xuéyuàn) is a sports university in the southwest of the downtown district of Chengdu, Sichuan Province.

The university is administered by the national State General Administration of Sports and the Sichuan provincial government.

The Hang Kong Gang Campus is about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport.

Chengdu Sport University was founded in 1942. In 1953, the fully-established system was transformed into the Southwest Institute of Sports. In 1956, it was changed to Chengdu Sports University.

It is the most famous kinesiology university in southwest China, as well as one of the top five of the kind. It has a reputation from sports, such as gymnastics, martial art and weightlifting, and is recognized as an established authority in sports medicine and the application of T.C.M. in prevention, therapy and recovery of sports injuries and fatigue.
Anantnag Assembly constituency
Anantnag Assembly constituency is one of the 90 constituencies in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir a north state of India.

In 2008 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, Mufti Mohammad Sayeed of Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party won the seat and retained it in 2014 and became Chief Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir.In 1977 Mirza Afzal Beg won the seat and became the first Deputy Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir. His son Mirza Mehboob Beg won this seat twice in 1983 and 2002 . Mirza Mehboob Beg also served as the Health Minister .

2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election
The 2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election was held in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir in five phases from 25 November – 20 December 2014. Voters elected 87 members to the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly. The results were declared on 23 December 2014. Voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) along with EVMs were used in 3 assembly seats out of 87 in Jammu Kashmir elections. Following the election, the Jammu & Kashmir People's Democratic Party (PDP) formed a coalition government with the BJP and their leader, Mufti Mohammad Sayeed became the state's Chief minister. BJP leader Nirmal Kumar Singh became the deputy chief minister.

This was the last assembly election before the territory's special status was revoked and Ladakh separated as union territory in 2019.
Cluster (album)
Cluster (also reissued as Cluster 71) is the debut studio album by German electronic music outfit Cluster. It was recorded in 1971 and released the same year by record label Philips. It is also the only album on which producer Conny Plank is credited as a member.

Philips Records
Philips Records was a record label founded by Dutch electronics company Philips and in 1999 was absorbed into Dutch-American music corporation Universal Music Group. It was founded as Philips Phonographische Industrie in 1950. In 1946, Philips acquired the company which pressed records for British Decca's Dutch outlet in Amsterdam.
Ana Fernández (actress, born 1963)
Ana Fernández (born 29 May 1965) is a Spanish actress. Born in Valencina de la Concepción, Seville, for her performance in Benito Zambrano's Solas in 1999 Fernández won the Goya Award for Best New Actress.  She also appeared in Pedro Almodóvar's Talk to Her.

14th Goya Awards
The 14th Goya Awards were presented at L'Auditori in Barcelona, Spain on 29 January 2000. It was the first Goya awards ceremony to have taken place outside of Madrid.

All About My Mother won the award for Best Film.
Yathong Nature Reserve
The Yathong Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve that is also a nationally and internationally recognized biosphere situated in the central-western region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 107,240-hectare (265,000-acre) reserve was listed by UNESCO in 1977 as a Biosphere Reserve under the Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB). The reserve is significant for its biodiversity in both native plant and animal species. Cultural heritage and historical grazing activities add to the significance of this site as a conservation area.

The reserve is the most extensive in New South Wales and shares a border with the Nombinnie Nature Reserve in the south-eastern corner, and is part of the Central NSW Mallee Important Bird Area.

The reserve is situated 130 kilometres (81 mi) south of the central-west town of Cobar and 656 kilometres (408 mi) west from Sydney.

Cobar
Cobar is a town in Outback New South Wales, Australia, whose economy is based mainly upon base metals and gold mining. The town is 712 km (442 mi) by road northwest of the state capital, Sydney.  It is at the crossroads of the Kidman Way and Barrier Highway. The town and the local government area, the Cobar Shire, are on the eastern edge of the Outback.  At the 2021 census, the town of Cobar had a population of 3,369. The Shire has a population of approximately 4,700 and an area of 44,065 square kilometres (17,014 sq mi).

Many sights of cultural interest can be found in and around Cobar. The town retains much of its colonial 19th-century architecture. The Towsers Huts, 3 km south of town but currently inaccessible to the public, are ruins of very simple colonial dwellings from around 1870. The ancient Aboriginal rock paintings at Mount Grenfell are some of the largest and most important in Australia. The Cobar Sound Chapel opened in April 2022.
Boy Oh Boy (Racey song)
"Boy Oh Boy" is a song by the British pop band Racey. It was written by Glo Macari and Roger Ferris, produced by Mickie Most and released 1979 on RAK Records. It reached number 2 in South Africa, spending 19 weeks on the top 20.

Mickie Most
Mickie Most (born Michael Peter Hayes; 20 June 1938 – 30 May 2003), was an English record producer behind acts such as the Animals, Herman's Hermits, the Nashville Teens, Donovan, Lulu, Suzi Quatro, Hot Chocolate, Arrows, Racey and the Jeff Beck Group, often issued on his own RAK Records label.
Javolena gens
The gens Javolena, occasionally found as Javolenia, was a minor plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Few members of this gens appear in history, but two of them attained the consulship, one under Domitian, and the other in the time of Antoninus Pius.

Gubbio
Gubbio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈɡubbjo]) is a town and municipality (comune) in the northeastern part of the province of Perugia in the region of Umbria in Italy. As of 2025, with a population of 30,297, it is the 6th-largest municipality in Umbria.

It is located on the lowest slope of Mt. Ingino, a small mountain of the Apennines.