hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ho Central
Ho Central is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Richmond Edem Kofi Kpotosu. Ho Central is located in the Ho Municipal district of the Volta Region of Ghana.

Ho Municipal Assembly
Ho Municipal Assembly is one of the 25 administrative Districts in the Volta Region, Ghana. It is made up of total land size of 2,361 km2 and a total estimated population of 213,960 in 2017, 105,195 being males and 108,765 are females. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly on 10 March 1989 when it was known as Ho District, until the southern part of the district was split off by a decree of president John Agyekum Kufuor on 13 August 2004 to create Adaklu-Anyigbe District; thus the remaining part has been retained as Ho District. However on 28 June 2012, the western part of the district was later split off to create Ho West District; thus the remaining part was elevated to municipal district assembly status on that same year to become Ho Municipal Assembly, which was established by Legislative Instrument (L.I.) 2074. The municipality is located in the central part of Volta Region and has Ho as its capital town.
Mojette transform
The Mojette transform is an application of discrete geometry. More specifically, it is a discrete and exact version of the Radon transform, thus a projection operator.

The IRCCyN laboratory - UMR CNRS 6597 in Nantes, France has been developing it since 1994.

The first characteristic of the Mojette transform is using only additions and subtractions. The second characteristic is that the Mojette Transform is redundant, spreading the initial geometrical information into several projections.

This transform uses discrete geometry in order to dispatch information onto a discrete geometrical support. This support is then projected by the Mojette operator along discrete directions. When enough projections are available, the initial information can be reconstructed.

The Mojette transform has been already used in numerous applications domains:

Medical tomography

Network packet transfer

Distributed storage on disks or networks

Image fingerprinting and image cryptography schemes

Radon transform
In mathematics, the Radon transform is the integral transform which takes a function f defined on the plane to a function Rf defined on the (two-dimensional) space of lines in the plane, whose value at a particular line is equal to the line integral of the function over that line. The transform was introduced in 1917 by Johann Radon, who also provided a formula for the inverse transform. Radon further included formulas for the transform in three dimensions, in which the integral is taken over planes (integrating over lines is known as the X-ray transform). It was later generalized to higher-dimensional Euclidean spaces and more broadly in the context of integral geometry. The complex analogue of the Radon transform is known as the Penrose transform. The Radon transform is widely applicable to tomography, the creation of an image from the projection data associated with cross-sectional scans of an object.
John Geddes (Dean of Tuam)
John Geddes was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the late nineteenth and early 20th centuries.

Colvin was educated at Trinity College, Dublin and ordained in 1889. He served curacies in Belfast and Dublin. He was the incumbent at Tubbercurry from 1895 to 1902; Archdeacon of Achonry from 1896 to 1902; Residential Canon at Tuam Cathedral from 1902 to 1904; and Dean of Tuam from 1904 to 1917.

St Mary's Cathedral, Tuam
St Mary's Cathedral (Irish: Ard-Eaglais Mhuire) is a cathedral church of the Diocese of Tuam, Limerick and Killaloe in the Church of Ireland. It is located in Tuam, County Galway, in Ireland. From the 12th century until 1839, both before and after the Reformation, it was the seat of the former Archdiocese of Tuam. Most of the present structure dates from the 1870s, but parts of earlier 12th- and 14th-century structures survive within.
Gmina Osięciny
Gmina Osięciny is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Radziejów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osięciny, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) east of Radziejów and 45 km (28 mi) south of Toruń.

The gmina covers an area of 122.99 square kilometres (47.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 8,142.

Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo kujawsko-pomorskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ kuˈjafskɔ pɔˈmɔrskʲɛ] ⓘ) is one of Poland's 16 voivodeships (provinces).

It was created on 1 January 1999 and is situated in mid-northern Poland, on the boundary between the two historic regions, from which it takes its name: Kuyavia (Polish: Kujawy) and Pomerania (Polish: Pomorze).

Its two chief cities, serving as the province's joint capitals, are Bydgoszcz and Toruń.
Ahlen Water Tower
The Ahlen water tower is an industrial monument and landmark in the Ahlen, Germany.

The spherical water tank is 44 metres (144 ft) high and has a capacity of 1,000 cubic metres (35,000 cu ft). From 1915 to 1917, the water tower served as the sole water supply for the Westphalia mine and the miners colony built in 1892 by Gelsenwasser AG.

Today the distinctive blue water tower is monument and is a historical example of the early development of riveting at the beginning of the 20th century.

Rivet
A rivet is a permanent mechanical fastener. Before being installed, a rivet consists of a smooth cylindrical shaft with a head on one end. The end opposite the head is called the tail. On installation, the deformed end is called the shop head or buck-tail.

Because there is effectively a head on each end of an installed rivet, it can support tension loads.  However, it is much more capable of supporting shear loads (loads perpendicular to the axis of the shaft).

Fastenings used in traditional wooden boat building, such as copper nails and clinch bolts, work on the same principle as the rivet but were in use long before the term rivet was introduced and, where they are remembered, are usually classified among nails and bolts respectively.
Superior hypophysial artery
The superior hypophyseal artery is an artery supplying the pars tuberalis, the infundibulum of the pituitary gland, and the median eminence. It is a branch of the ophthalmic part of the internal carotid artery.

Pituitary stalk
The pituitary stalk, also known as the infundibular stalk, infundibulum, or Fenderson's funnel, is the connection between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary, the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The floor of the third ventricle is prolonged downward as a funnel-shaped recess—the infundibular recess—into the infundibulum, where the apex of the pituitary is attached.
It passes through the dura mater of the diaphragma sellae as it carries axons from the magnocellular neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus down to the posterior pituitary where they release their neurohypophysial hormones, oxytocin and vasopressin, into the blood.

Damage to the pituitary stalk blocks the release of antidiuretic hormone, resulting in polydipsia (excessive water intake) and polyuria (excessive urination, central diabetes insipidus).

The diameter of the pituitary stalk at the level of optic chiasm is 3.3 mm, and at the pituitary gland insertion site is measured at 1.9 mm.
Kamila Frątczak
Kamila Frątczak (born 25 November 1979) is a Polish volleyball player, a member of Poland women's national volleyball team.

She competed at the 2001 Women’s European Volleyball Championship, and 2003 Women’s European Volleyball Championship, winning a gold medal.

2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship
The 2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship was the 23rd edition of the event, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in Ankara, Turkey from 20 to 28 September 2003.

The two finalists Poland and Turkey claimed a ticket for the 2003 FIVB Women's World Cup and the first Olympic Qualification Tournament for the 2004 Summer Olympics held in Japan in November. The first six ranked teams (Poland, Turkey, Netherlands, Germany, Italy, and Russia) qualified for the European Olympic Qualification Tournament in Baku, from 5 to 10 January 2004. Semifinalists Turkey, Germany, Poland and the Netherlands also automatically qualified for the 2005 Women's European Championships, which took place in Croatia. Defending champion Russia finished out of the medals for the first time in volleyball history.
Embolization
Embolization refers to the passage and lodging of an embolus within the bloodstream. It may be of natural origin (pathological), in which sense it is also called embolism, for example a pulmonary embolism; or it may be artificially induced (therapeutic), as a hemostatic treatment for bleeding or as a treatment for some types of cancer by deliberately blocking blood vessels to starve the tumor cells.

In the cancer management application, the embolus, besides blocking the blood supply to the tumor, also often includes an ingredient to attack the tumor chemically or with irradiation. When it bears a chemotherapy drug, the process is called chemoembolization. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the usual form. When the embolus bears a radiopharmaceutical for unsealed source radiotherapy, the process is called radioembolization or selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT).

Therapy
A therapy or medical treatment is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a medical diagnosis. Both words, treatment and therapy, are often abbreviated tx, Tx, or Tx.

As a rule, each therapy has indications and contraindications.  There are many different types of therapy.  Not all therapies are effective.  Many therapies can produce unwanted adverse effects.

Treatment and therapy are often synonymous, especially in the usage of health professionals. However,  in the context of mental health, the term therapy may refer specifically to psychotherapy.

A therapist is a person who offers any modality of therapy. Therapist refers to trained professionals engaged in providing services any kind of treatment or rehabilitation.
Biniverse (EP)
Biniverse (stylized as BINIverse) is the second extended play of Filipino girl group Bini. It was released on February 27, 2025, through Star Music. It consists of six tracks, of which three were released as singles, namely "Cherry on Top" and its remix version, and "Blink Twice". It was produced by Franks, Glitch, Leather Jacket, Michael Schulz, Moophs, Oneye, Shintaro Yasuda, Skylar Mones, and Tim Recala.

Skylar Mones
Skylar Mones is an American songwriter, record producer, engineer, and arranger. Skylar’s professional music career began in 2010 doing remixes, engineering and production for Flo Rida, Adam Lambert, Diggy Simmons, and Rihanna. He garnered commercial success as a writer and producer domestically as well as overseas starting in 2012 crafting songs for Namie Amuro, W-inds, Daichi Miura, TVXQ, Ivy Quainoo and E-girls. He currently lives in Los Angeles and continues to write and produce for various international and domestic acts.

More recently, he produced the hit song Cherry on Top with Bini, a popular girl group from the Philippines.
Alain Maron
Alain Maron (born 6 May 1972) is a politician from Belgium. Since 2019, he has been a minister for the cabinet of the Brussels-Capital Region.

Maron holds the cabinet roles of Minister of Environment & Climate, Social Integration, Health, Energy, Water, Cleanliness and the Port of Brussels. He is a member of the Ecolo party.

Politics and government of the Brussels-Capital Region
The government of the Brussels-Capital Region (French: Gouvernement de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale [ɡuvɛʁnəmɑ̃ də la ʁeʒjɔ̃ də bʁysɛl kapital]; Dutch: Brusselse Hoofdstedelijke Regering [ˈbrʏsəlsə ˌɦoːftˈsteːdələkə rəˈɣeːrɪŋ]) is the political administration of the Brussels-Capital Region of Belgium. An election is held every five years. The government is headed by a Minister-President (currently Rudi Vervoort), four ministers and three state secretaries.

The office of Governor of the Brussels-Capital Region was dissolved in 2014. This governor, appointed by the cabinet had held relatively limited power and enforced laws concerned with public order in the region.

The Brussels capital region is divided into 19 municipalities. Each municipality has its own government, responsible for the handling of local level duties, such as law enforcement and the upkeep of schools and roads within its borders. Municipal administration is also conducted by a mayor, a council, and an executive.
Winston Spear
Winston Spear (born 1965) is a Canadian stand-up comedian and actor originally from Montreal, Quebec, best known as a cast member of the sketch comedy shows Comedy Inc. and The Bobroom.

He was the winner of the 2003 Canadian Comedy Award for Best Male Stand-Up, and was a semi-finalist on Season 6 of Last Comic Standing.

Last Comic Standing season 6
The 6th season of Last Comic Standing began airing in May 2008. This competitive reality show on NBC was hosted by Bill Bellamy (continuing from season five) and a new co-host, Fearne Cotton. The contest was won by Iliza Shlesinger from Dallas, Texas.
Fitzgilbert
Fitzgilbert is a Norman French surname. It is patronymic, since the prefix Fitz- derives from the Latin filius, meaning "son of." Its variants include the alternate forms FitzGilbert, Fitz Gilbert, Fitz-Gilbert, fitz Gilbert, and the given name turned surname Gilbert or Gilberts. Fitzgilbert is rare as a given name. People with the name include:

Baldwin FitzGilbert (died 1086-1091), Norman nobleman

John Fitz Gilbert or John Marshal (Marshal of England) (c. 1105–1165), minor Anglo-Norman nobleman

Richard fitz Gilbert (before 1035–c. 1090), Norman lord who participated in the Norman conquest of England

Walter fitz Gilbert of Cadzow (died c. 1346), Scottish nobleman

William FitzGilbert, fifteenth Lord Chancellor of England, from 1141 to 1142

William de Lancaster I (died c. 1170), English nobleman also known as William Fitz Gilbert

Walter fitz Gilbert of Cadzow
Sir Walter fitz Gilbert de Hameldone of Cadzow, 1st Laird (Lord) of Cadzow (died ca. 1346) was a Scottish nobleman. The husband to Mary Gordon of Huntly, they wed in 1308 in Cadzcow, Lanarkshire, Scotland (the exact date is unknown). He is the first historically confirmed progenitor of the House of Hamilton, which includes the Dukes of Hamilton, Dukes of Abercorn and Earls of Haddington.
Albert Benningk
Albert Benningk (1637-1695) was a German bellfounder and producer of baroque cannons. He was mainly active at the municipal foundry of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck and in his later life in Copenhagen.

Most famous is his Pulsglocke for St. Mary's Church, Lübeck cast in 1669. It was destroyed during the British air raid on Lübeck in 1942 and since then has served as a war memorial.

His baroque cannons are on exhibit in major army and history museums in Europe, (for example, the Zeughaus in Berlin (Deutsches Historisches Museum), the Tøjhus Museum in Copenhagen, the Legermuseum in Delft, the Artillery Museum in Saint Petersburg and the Museum of Military History, Vienna).

Benningk cannons for the Netherlands (Etching by Abraham Blooteling after a drawing by Adriaen van de Velde)

Benningk cannon in Vienna

Pallas-Athene (1679), Berlin

Cannon cast in 1687 in Copenhagen

Bombing of Lübeck in World War II
During World War II, the city of Lübeck was the first German city to be attacked in substantial numbers by the Royal Air Force. The attack on the night of 28 March 1942 created a firestorm that caused severe damage to the historic centre, with bombs destroying three of the main churches and large parts of the built-up area. It led to the retaliatory "Baedeker" raids on historic British cities.

Although a port, and home to several shipyards, including the Lübecker Flender-Werke, Lübeck was also a cultural centre and only lightly defended. The bombing followed the Area Bombing Directive issued to the RAF on 14 February 1942 which authorised the targeting of civilian areas.
Graphorrhea
Graphorrhea is a communication disorder involving excessive wordiness, incoherent rambling, or frequent digressions in writing. Graphorrhea is most commonly associated with schizophrenia. However, it can also result from other psychiatric disorders such as aphasia and mania or neurological disorders like temporal lobe epilepsy and brain lesions. The ramblings may be grammatically correct, but still leave the reader confused and unsure what the piece is about.

Temporal lobe epilepsy
In the field of neurology, temporal lobe epilepsy is an enduring brain disorder that causes unprovoked seizures from the temporal lobe. Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common type of focal onset epilepsy among adults. Seizure symptoms and behavior distinguish seizures arising from the mesial (medial) temporal lobe from seizures arising from the lateral (neocortical) temporal lobe. Memory and psychiatric comorbidities may occur. Diagnosis relies on electroencephalographic (EEG) and neuroimaging studies. Anticonvulsant medications, epilepsy surgery, and dietary treatments may improve seizure control.
He Pan (Jin dynasty)
He Pan (244–301), courtesy name Huixing, was an official and scholar of the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China. After the fall of Shu in 263, he continued serving under the Jin dynasty, which succeeded Cao Wei state in 266.

Conquest of Shu by Wei
The Conquest of Shu by Wei was a military campaign launched by the dynastic state of Cao Wei against its rival Shu Han in late 263 during the Three Kingdoms period of China. The campaign culminated in the fall of Shu Han and the tripartite equilibrium maintained in China for over 40 years since the end of the Eastern Han dynasty in 220. The conquest laid the foundation for an eventual reunified China under the Western Jin dynasty in 280.
Stanwood Duval
Stanwood Richardson Duval Jr. (born February 8, 1942) is a  former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana. He was appointed by U.S. President Bill Clinton in 1994.

United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana
The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana (in case citations, E.D. La.) is a United States federal court based in New Orleans.

Appeals from the Eastern District of Louisiana are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

As of March 1, 2021, the United States attorney for the Eastern District of Louisiana is Duane A. Evans.
Palatinate-Guttenberg
Palatinate-Guttenberg was a state of the Holy Roman Empire based around Guttenberg in the south of modern Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Palatinate-Guttenberg was created in the partition of County of Veldenz#Palantine Veldenz LinePalatinate-Veldenz in 1598 for Louis Philip and George John II, the two younger sons of George John I. Louis Philip died in 1601 leaving George John II as the sole ruler. In 1611 he inherited Palatinate-Lützelstein from his elder brother John Augustus, Count Palatine of Lützelstein, and George John renamed his state to Palatinate-Lützelstein-Guttenberg.

Guttenberg, Bavaria
Guttenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʊtn̩bɛʁk]) is a municipality in the district of Kulmbach in Bavaria in Germany.

The town is closely tied to House of Guttenberg, who have been associated with the locality since the Middle Ages and still own most of the land in the area.

A landmark in the municipality is the Guttenberg Castle, the seat of the Guttenberg family.

The municipality's coat of arms is derived from that of the Guttenberg family.
Emmanuel Dieseruvwe
Emmanuel Aghogho Oluwafemi Dieseruvwe (born 20 February 1995) is an English professional footballer who plays as a forward for  club Rochdale AFC

Beginning his career with Sheffield Wednesday, Dieseruvwe has played for Chesterfield, Salford City and Tranmere Rovers with loan spells at Hyde, Fleetwood Town, Mansfield Town, Kidderminster Harriers, Boston United, Chester, Oldham Athletic, Grimsby Town and FC Halifax Town.

Solihull Moors F.C.
Solihull Moors Football Club is a professional association football club based in Solihull, England. The club currently competes in the National League, the fifth level of the English football league system, after achieving promotion from the National League North in the 2015–16 season.

The club was founded in 2007 by the merger of Moor Green (founded in 1901) and Solihull Borough (founded in 1953). The Moors entered the Conference North, the sixth tier of English football in 2007 where they remained until their promotion in 2016 under Marcus Bignot. After avoiding relegation in 2016–17 and 2017–18, the Moors narrowly missed out on promotion to League Two for the first time ever by finishing in third place before losing the play-off final to Grimsby Town, then once again losing the 2024 play-off final to Bromley. They also reached the FA Trophy final that season, but lost to Gateshead. Solihull Moors play their home matches at Damson Park.
Diocese of Tarlac
The Diocese of Tarlac (Latin: Dioecesis Tarlacensis) is a Latin Catholic diocese comprising the whole civil province of Tarlac (except Camp Servillano Aquino in San Miguel, Tarlac City, which belongs to the Military Ordinariate) in the Philippines. The see is the Saint Sebastian Cathedral in Tarlac City.

Tarlac City
Tarlac City, officially the City of Tarlac (Kapampangan: Lakanbalen ning Tarlac; Pangasinan: Siyudad na Tarlac; Ilocano: Siudad ti Tarlac; Filipino: Lungsod ng Tarlac [tɐɾˈlak]), is a first-class component city and capital of the province of Tarlac, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 401,892 people, making it the most populous in the province.
Pamela Troya
Pamela Karina Troya Báez (born 1982) is an Ecuadorian LGBT rights activist and communications manager, known for starting the campaign to legalise same-sex marriage in Ecuador. In the political sphere, she ran as a candidate to the Ecuadorian National Assembly and to the Council of Citizen Participation and Social Control.

Pichincha Province
Pichincha (Spanish pronunciation: [piˈtʃintʃa]) is a province of Ecuador located in the northern Sierra region; its capital and largest city is Quito. It is bordered by Imbabura and Esmeraldas to the north, Cotopaxi and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas to the south, Napo and Sucumbíos to the east, and Esmeraldas and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas to the west.

Prior to 2008, the canton Santo Domingo de los Colorados was part of the Pichincha Province. It has since become its own province, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas.

The province is home to many rose plantations, which make up the bulk of Ecuador's floriculture industry.
All Roads Lead North
All Roads Lead North: Nepal's Turn to China is a 2021 non-fiction book by journalist Amish Raj Mulmi. It was published on 15 March 2021 by Context (an imprint of Westland Books), and published by Hurst Publishers and Oxford University Press in the UK and US respectively as All Roads Lead North: China, Nepal and the Contest for the Himalayas. It was chosen among The Guardian's 'Books that explain the world' in 2021.

The book explores the geopolitical relationship of Nepal with its two neighbors, China and India.

Westland Books
Westland Books or Westland Publications is an Indian publishing house. It was co-founded by the Padmanabhan family in 1962, starting out under the name East West Books. Tata owned it from 2008 as a subsidiary under Trent (Westside). It was owned by Amazon under Amazon Eurasia Holdings SARL from 2017 till 2022. Imprints include Context, Ekada, Red Panda, Tranquebar, and others.

In February 2022, Amazon announced that it will be shutting down Westland Books, after having carried out a "thorough review". In April 2022, it was announced that the Westland team was going into partnership with Indian online digital platform Pratilipi to continue publishing books.