hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Penn ("the American")
John Penn (January 28, 1700 – October 25, 1746) was an American-born merchant who was proprietor of the colonial Province of Pennsylvania, which became the U.S. state of Pennsylvania following American independence obtained in victory in the American Revolutionary War.

John Penn was the eldest son of the colony's founder, William Penn (1644–1718) and his second wife, Hannah Callowhill Penn (1671–1726). He was born in the Slate Roof House in Philadelphia, and was the only one of Penn's children to be born in the present-day United States. As a result, he was referred to as "the American" by his family.

Slate Roof House
The Slate Roof House was a mansion that stood on 2nd Street north of Walnut Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from about 1687 until its demolition in 1867. Built for Barbadian Quaker merchant Samuel Carpenter, the house occupied a small hill overlooking the Delaware River. It was built of brick in the Jacobean style with its façade featuring two projecting wings that flanked a recessed central entrance. The house was notable for its large size as well for its slate roof, which was a rarity in early Philadelphia.
De La Rose Stakes
The De La Rose Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually in late July/early August since 2004 at Saratoga Race Course in Saratoga Springs, New York. An ungraded stakes race, it is open to fillies and mares, 4-years-old and up. The race is run at a distance of one mile on the turf and offers a purse of $70,000 added. In 2025, the event was divided into two divisions, due to the large amount of entries.

The De La Rose Stakes is named for the winner of the 1981 Diana Handicap, De La Rose, winner of the 1981 Eclipse Award for Outstanding Female Turf Horse.

Saratoga Springs, New York
Saratoga Springs is a city in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 28,491 at the 2020 census. The name reflects the presence of mineral springs in the area, which has made Saratoga a popular resort destination for over 200 years. It is home to the Saratoga Race Course, a thoroughbred horse racing track operated by the New York Racing Association, and Saratoga Performing Arts Center, a music and dance venue. The city's official slogan is "Health, History, and Horses".
Sean Nelson
Sean Nelson (born 1972 or 1973) is an American musician and journalist. He was the lead singer of the alternative rock group Harvey Danger and was a writer and editor for alternative weekly publication The Stranger from 1996 to 2018.

The Decemberists
The Decemberists are an American indie rock band from Portland, Oregon, formed in 2000. The band consists of Colin Meloy (lead vocals, guitar), Chris Funk (guitar, multi-instrumentalist), Jenny Conlee (piano, keyboards, accordion, backing vocals), Nate Query (bass), and John Moen (drums).

As of 2024, the band has released nine studio albums with their lyrics often focusing on historical incidents and folklore. Audience participation is a part of their live performances, typically during encores. The band stages whimsical reenactments of sea battles and other centuries-old events, typically of regional interest, or acts out songs with members of the crowd.

In 2011,  the track "Down by the Water" from their album The King Is Dead was nominated for Best Rock Song at the 54th Grammy Awards.
María de Luz Da Silva
María De Luz Da Silva Dos Santos (May 10, 1990) is a Miss Personality and Miss Photogenic award-winning model. She represented Mérida state in the Miss Venezuela 2009 pageant on September 24, 2009, and placed in the top 10 semi-finalists. Da Silva currently studies international trade at the Simón Bolívar University in Caracas, Venezuela.

Mérida (state)
The State of Mérida commonly known simply as Mérida (Spanish: Estado Bolivariano de Mérida, IPA: [esˈtaðo ðe ˈmeɾiða]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is Mérida, in the Libertador Municipality.

Located in the Western Andean Region, Mérida State covers a total surface area of 11,300 square kilometres (4,363 sq mi), making it the fifteenth-largest in Venezuela. In 2011, had a census population of 828,592, the fourteenth most populous.
Jay Bowie
Julius "Jay" Bowie (born March 25, 1992) is an American professional basketball player who last played for La Union Formosa of the Liga Nacional de Básquetbol. He played college basketball for Marist College before playing professionally in the NBA Development League, Australia, England, Indonesia and Ecuador.

Lakeside Lightning
Lakeside Lightning is an NBL1 West club based in Perth, Western Australia. The club fields a team in both the Men's and Women's NBL1 West. The club is owned and managed by Lakeside Baptist Church. The Lightning play their home games at Lakeside Recreation Centre.
Provisional Syrian Constitution of 1964
The Provisional Constitution of 1964 was enacted by the National Council for the Revolutionary Command (NCRC)  of Ba'athist Syria following internal power struggles within the Ba’ath Party and the consolidation of authority after the 1963 coup d'état. Adopted under the leadership of Amin al-Hafiz and the dominant military wing of the Ba’ath movement, the constitution sought to formalize revolutionary rule while providing a transitional legal framework. It established the NCRC as the supreme governing body, endowed with extensive executive and legislative powers, and affirmed the ideological principles of Arab socialism, economic state intervention, and the pursuit of Arab unity. Although intended as a step toward institutional stabilization, the constitution remained provisional and short-lived, eventually being superseded by the 1969 Provisional Constitution and later the 1973 Constitution of Ba'athist Syria under Hafez al-Assad.

Amin al-Hafiz
Amin al-Hafiz (Arabic: أمين الحافظ, romanized: Amīn al-Ḥāfiẓ 1921 – 17 December 2009), also known as Amin Hafez, was a Syrian general, politician, and member of the Ba'ath Party who served as the president of Syria from 27 July 1963 to 23 February 1966.
Marine Corps Combat Development Command
The Marine Corps Combat Development Command (MCCDC), located at Marine Corps Base Quantico in Prince William County, Virginia, is a major command of the United States Marine Corps (USMC), which has the mission of supporting the development of future operational concepts and the determination of how to best organize, train, educate and equip the Marine Corps of the future. Since 2005, the commanding general for the Marine Corps Combat Development Command (MCCDC) has been dual hatted as the Deputy Commandant, Combat Development & Integration (DC, CD&I).

Prince William County, Virginia
Prince William County lies beside the Potomac River in the Commonwealth of Virginia. At the 2020 census, the population was 482,204, making it Virginia's second most populous county. The county seat is the independent city of Manassas. A part of Northern Virginia, Prince William County is part of the Washington metropolitan area. In 2020, it had the 24th highest income of any county in the United States. The county is named after Prince William, Duke of Cumberland, the youngest son of King George II.
Madonna Litta
The Madonna Litta is a late 15th-century painting, by Leonardo da Vinci, in the Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg. It depicts the Virgin Mary breastfeeding the Christ child, a devotional subject known as the Madonna lactans. The figures are set in a dark interior with two arched openings, as in Leonardo's earlier Madonna of the Carnation, and a mountainous landscape in aerial perspective can be seen beyond. In his left hand Christ holds a goldfinch, which is symbolic of his future Passion.

Scholarly opinion is divided on the work's attribution, with some believing it to be the work of a pupil of Leonardo such as Giovanni Antonio Boltraffio or Marco d'Oggiono; the Hermitage Museum, however, considers the painting to be an autograph work by Leonardo. The painting takes its name from the House of Litta, a Milanese noble family in whose collection it was for much of the nineteenth century.

Aerial perspective
Aerial perspective, or atmospheric perspective, is the effect the atmosphere has on the appearance of an object as viewed from a distance. As the distance between an object and a viewer increases, the contrast between the object and its background decreases, and the contrast of any markings or details within the object also decreases. The colours of the object also become less saturated and shift toward the background colour, which is usually bluish, but may be some other colour under certain conditions (for instance, reddish around sunrise or sunset).
Anna Ridler
Anna Ridler (born 1985) is an artist and researcher who lives and works in London. She works with collections of information or data, particularly self-generated data sets, to create new and unusual narratives in a variety of mediums.

Her work has been exhibited widely at cultural institutions including the Victoria and Albert Museum, Tate Modern, Barbican Centre, Centre Pompidou, The Photographers' Gallery, ZKM Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe, and Ars Electronica.

Ars Electronica
Ars Electronica Linz GmbH is an Austrian cultural, educational and scientific institute active in the field of new media art, founded in Linz in 1979. It is based at the Ars Electronica Center (AEC), which houses the Museum of the Future, in the city of Linz.

Ars Electronica's activities focus on the interlinkages between art, technology and society. It runs an annual festival, and manages a multidisciplinary media arts R&D facility known as the Futurelab. It also confers the Prix Ars Electronica awards.
House of Darkness (1948 film)
House of Darkness is a 1948 British film directed by Oswald Mitchell and starring Henry Oscar and Laurence Harvey. It was written by John Gilling based on the 1947 radio play Duet by Betty Davies. It marked the film debut of Laurence Harvey.

George Melachrino
George Melachrino (born George Miltiades; 1 May 1909 – 18 June 1965) was a musician, composer of film music, and musical director who was English born of Greek and Italian descent. He was an accomplished player of the violin, viola, oboe, clarinet and saxophone.
Sandy Wollschlager
Sandy Wollschlager (born December 19, 1957) was an American chemist and politician.

Wollschlager was born in Austin, Mower County, Minnesota and graduated from Austin High School. She received her associate degree from Albert Lea Technical College (now Riverland Community College). Wollschlager received her bachelor's degree in chemistry from Augsburg University and her master's degree in public administration, science, technology, and public policy from Harvard Kennedy School. Wollshalager lived in Cannon Falls, Goodhue County, Minnesota with her husband and family. She served on the Cannon Falls School Board from 1987 to 2005 and in the Minnesota House of Representatives in 2007 and 2008. Wollschlager was a Democrat.

Austin High School (Minnesota)
Austin High School (originally called Franklin School when constructed in 1869) is a public high school in Austin, Minnesota, United States. It is part of Austin Public Schools, established in 1857.  The home of the Packers, the school has over 1,250 students. The school colors are Scarlet and White, and the sports team is the Packers. AHS is a member of the Big 9 Conference.
Rio San Antonio (Colorado–New Mexico)
Rio San Antonio is a tributary of the Conejos River in northern New Mexico and southern Colorado in the United States. Via the Conejos River, it is part of the upper Rio Grande system. The river is used extensively for irrigation in its lower course through the southern San Luis Valley.

The river begins at the western boundary of the Carson National Forest, in the Tusas Mountains, in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. It flows east through a steep canyon and receives Rio Nutritas from the south, continuing east towards San Antonio Mountain. Before reaching the mountain it turns north, entering the rocky Taos Plateau volcanic field on the fringe of the San Luis Valley. It enters Conejos County, Colorado at Ortiz, where the Rio de los Pinos joins from the west. The river turns sharply east at Antonito, then continues northeast through farmland before emptying into the Conejos River at Sego Springs Wildlife Area, a few miles east of Manassa.

Rio Arriba County, New Mexico
Rio Arriba County (Spanish: Condado de Río Arriba) is a county in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,363. Its county seat is Tierra Amarilla. Its northern border is the Colorado state line.

Rio Arriba County comprises the Española, New Mexico, micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Albuquerque–Santa Fe–Los Alamos combined statistical area.
The Once and Future King
The Once and Future King is a collection of fantasy novels by T. H. White about the legend of King Arthur. It is loosely based upon the 1485 work Le Morte d'Arthur by Sir Thomas Malory. It was first published in 1958 as a collection of shorter novels that were published from 1938 to 1940, with some new or amended material. The title refers to a legend that Arthur will one day return as king.

Fantasy literature
Fantasy literature is literature set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Magic, the supernatural and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy literature may be directed at both children and adults.

Fantasy is considered a genre of speculative fiction and is distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the absence of scientific or macabre themes, respectively, though these may overlap. Historically, most works of fantasy were in written form, but since the 1960s, a growing segment of the genre has taken the form of fantasy films, fantasy television programs, graphic novels, video games, music and art.

Many fantasy novels originally written for children and adolescents also attract an adult audience. Examples include Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, the Harry Potter series, The Chronicles of Narnia, and The Hobbit.
1,4-Cyclohexanedimethanol diglycidyl ether
1,4-Cyclohexanedimethanol diglycidyl ether is an organic chemical in the glycidyl ether family. Its formula is C14H24O4 and the IUPAC name is 2-[[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methoxymethyl]oxirane. It has the CAS number of 14228-73-0 and is REACH registered in Europe. An industrial chemical, a key use is in the reduction of the viscosity of epoxy resin systems functioning as a reactive diluent.

Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals
Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) is a European Union regulation dating from 18 December 2006, amended on 16 December 2008 by Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008. REACH addresses the production and use of chemical substances, and their potential impacts on both human health and the environment.  Its 849 pages took seven years to pass, and it has been described as the most complex legislation in the Union's history and the most important in 20 years. It is the strictest law to date regulating chemical substances and will affect industries throughout the world. REACH entered into force on 1 June 2007, with a phased implementation over the next decade. The regulation also established the European Chemicals Agency, which manages the technical, scientific and administrative aspects of REACH.
Pinnacle (geology)
A pinnacle, tower, spire, needle, monument, or natural tower (German: Felsnadel, Felsturm, or Felszinne) in geology is an individual column of rock, isolated from other rocks or groups of rocks, in the shape of a vertical shaft or spire. It is a natural geomorphological shape and a structural denudation shape of the relief. It is an isolated, tall, and often also slender column or prism, reminiscent of a tower in its shape. A specific type of rock tower is the rock needle.

Terrain
Terrain (from Latin  terra 'earth'), alternatively relief or topographical relief, is the dimension and shape of a given surface of a land. In physical geography, terrain is the lay of the land. This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation, slope, and orientation of terrain features. Terrain affects surface water flow and distribution. Over a large area, it can affect weather and climate patterns. Bathymetry is the study of underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level.
Restart After Coming Back Home
Restart After Coming Back Home (Japanese: リスタートはただいまのあとで, Hepburn: Risutāto wa Tadaima no Ato de) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Cocomi. It was serialized in the semi-monthly boys' love manga magazine Canna from 2016 to 2018. The book was followed up with a one-volume sequel spin-off titled Restart After Growing Hungry (リスタートはおなかをすかせて, Risutāto wa Onaka o Sukasete). A live-action film adaptation was released on September 4, 2020.

Serial (literature)
In literature, a serial is a printing or publishing format by which a single larger work, often a work of narrative fiction, is published in smaller, sequential installments. The installments are also known as numbers, parts, fascicules or fascicles, and may be released either as separate publications or within sequential issues of a periodical publication, such as a magazine or newspaper.

Serialisation can also begin with a single short story that is subsequently turned into a series.  Historically, such series have been published in periodicals. Popular short-story series are often published together in book form as collections.
Jackson Branch Bridge No. 15
The Jackson Branch Bridge No. 15, also known as the Tecumseh Railroad Bridge due to its close proximity to the city of Tecumseh, is a historic railway deck truss bridge that spans the River Raisin in rural Raisin Charter Township in Lenawee County, Michigan.  The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 4, 2001.

Lenawee County, Michigan
Lenawee County (/ˈlɛnəweɪ/ LEN-ə-way) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 99,423. The county seat is Adrian. The county was created in 1822, from territory partitioned from Monroe County. Its governing structure was organized in 1826.

Lenawee County comprises the Adrian, Michigan, micropolitan statistical area. It is served by the Toledo Media market. Lenawee County is home to the Potawatomi, Ottawa, Chippewa, Iroquois, Miami, Sauk, Fox, Mascoutens, and Huron tribes.
WFFR-LP
WFFR-LP (100.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve the community of Roosevelt Park, Michigan. The station is owned by Shoreline Broadcasting, Inc. It airs a classic hits format.

The station was assigned the WFFR-LP call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on April 9, 2014.

2014 in radio
The following is a list of events affecting radio broadcasting in 2014. Events listed include radio program debuts, finales, cancellations, and station launches, closures and format changes, as well as information about controversies.
Deaths in February 1994
The following is a list of notable deaths in February 1994.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Basketball at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Basketball at the 1936 Summer Olympics was the first appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event.  The tournament was played between 7 and 14 August 1936 in Berlin, Germany.  23 nations entered the competition, making basketball the largest tournament of the team sports, but Hungary and Spain withdrew, meaning 21 competed.

The International Olympic Committee and International Basketball Federation, which is the governing body of international basketball, used the 1936 tournament to experiment with outdoor basketball.  Lawn and dirt tennis courts were used for the competition, but this caused problems when the weather was adverse, especially during the final of the tournament.

The medals were awarded by James Naismith, the inventor of basketball.  The United States won its first gold medal, while Canada and Mexico won silver and bronze, their only medals in basketball, as of 2024.
Drosophila hydei
Drosophila hydei is a species of Diptera, or the order of flies, in the family Drosophilidae. It is a species in the hydei species subgroup, a group in the repleta species group. Bizarrely, it is also known for having approximately 23 mm long sperm, 10 times the length of the male's body. Drosophila hydei are commonly found on compost piles worldwide, and can be rudimentarily identified by eye owing to their large size and variegated pigment pattern on the thorax. The name derives from Dr R. R. Hyde, who first discovered that the species was distinct from Drosophila repleta. D. hydei are one of the more popular flies used as feeders in the pet trade. A few varieties are available, some flightless. They are very similar to Drosophila melanogaster, despite having separated 50 million years ago.

Wild populations of D. hydei can be infected with Spiroplasma bacteria that defend the fly against parasitoid wasps.

Spiroplasma poulsonii
Spiroplasma poulsonii are bacteria of the genus Spiroplasma that are commonly endosymbionts of flies. These bacteria live in the hemolymph (insect blood) of the flies, where they can act as reproductive manipulators or defensive symbionts.
Charles P. O'Brien
Charles P. O'Brien (born August 20, 1939, New Orleans, Louisiana) is a research scientist, medical educator and a leading  expert in the science and treatment of addiction.  He is board certified in neurology, psychiatry and addiction psychiatry. He is currently the Kenneth E. Appel Professor of Psychiatry, and vice chair of psychiatry, in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.

Board certification
Board certification is the process by which a physician, veterinarian, or other professional demonstrates a mastery of advanced knowledge and skills through written, oral, practical, or simulator-based testing.
5th Annual Latin Grammy Awards
The 5th Annual Latin Grammy Awards were held on Wednesday, September 1, 2004, at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles.

This was the last telecast of the awards nationally in the United States in English with a CBS contract.  Effective in 2005, the awards were announced in Spanish with an exclusive Spanish-language telecast. Alejandro Sanz was the big winner winning four awards including Album of the Year.

Diego el Cigala
Diego Ramón Jiménez Salazar (born 27 December 1968 in Madrid), known as El Cigala (Castillan for 'Langoustine'), is a Spanish Romani Flamenco singer. He also holds Dominican citizenship. He is nephew of singers Rafael Farina and Rafael Salazar Motos and second uncle of pop-singer Tamara.