hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Integration of Hmong people into urban society
There are many destinations around the world for the Hmong diaspora. Hmong are living in Southeast Asia, China, the United States, France, and even Australia. The Hmong people, having fled Laos after the end of the Vietnam War in 1975, immigrated to these places in hopes of a fresh start. However, this mass exodus was not a smooth transition due to the very different lifestyle the Hmong people were accustomed to.

Hmong people
The Hmong people (RPA: Hmoob, CHV: Hmôngz, Nyiakeng Puachue: 𞄀𞄩𞄰, Pahawh Hmong: 𖬌𖬣𖬵, IPA: [m̥ɔ̃́], Chinese: 苗族蒙人) are an ethnic group from East and Southeast Asia. In China, the Hmong people are classified as a sub-group of the Miao people. The modern Hmong reside mainly in Southwestern China and Mainland Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and Myanmar. There are also diaspora communities in the United States, Australia, France, and South America.
Helena Riggs
Helena E. Riggs (December 18, 1899 – October 7, 1968) was an American neuropathologist at Philadelphia General Hospital and the University of Pennsylvania. In 1948, she was one of the first two neuropathologists to be certified by the American Board of Pathology, and in 1950 she served as the first woman President of the Philadelphia Neurological Society. The Diagnostic Slide Session O.T. Bailey-Helena Riggs Award is given in her honor by the American Association of Neuropathologists.

American Board of Pathology
The American Board of Pathology (ABPath) is one of 24 member boards of the American Board of Medical Specialties. This organization was assembled in May 1936, under the approval of the Advisory Board for Medical Specialties (ABMS) and the American Medical Association (AMA) Council on Medical Education and Hospitals. It is the duty of the ABPath to grant certification in Anatomic Pathology, Clinical Pathology and/or Anatomic/Neuropathology to qualified Doctors of Medicine and Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine (M.D./D.O.).

ABPath Mission Statement

The mission of the American Board of Pathology, a member of the American Board of Medical Specialties, is to serve the public and advance the profession of pathology by setting certification standards and promoting lifelong competency of pathologists.
1851 Chilean presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Chile in July 1851. Carried out through a system of electors, they resulted in the election of Manuel Montt as president. Montt was the country's first non-military president.

Montt's opponent, José María de la Cruz, refused to accept the results and started a rebellion, the Revolution of 1851, in Concepción. He was defeated by former president Manuel Bulnes.

Manuel Montt
Manuel Francisco Antonio Julián Montt Torres (Latin American Spanish: [maˈnwel ˈmont]; September 4, 1809 – September 21, 1880) was a Chilean statesman and scholar who was twice elected President of Chile between 1851 and 1861. He was the first civilian to serve a full term as President of Chile.

His election as President in 1851 set off Revolution of 1851, which Montt successfully subdued. During his tenure, he governed in an increasingly authoritarian manner.
Sri Haryati
Sri Haryati (born 7 July 1971) is an Indonesian bureaucrat who is currently serving as the director general of urban housing in the Ministry of Housing and Residential Area since 2025. Prior to her appointment into the ministry, Sri was the assistant to the Jakarta provincial secretary for economics and finance since 2018, and briefly assumed duties of the provincial secretary in an acting capacity from 2020 to 2021.

Ministry of Housing and Residential Area
The Ministry of Housing and Residential Area of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Kementerian Perumahan dan Kawasan Permukiman Republik Indonesia; abbreviated as KemenPKP) is an Indonesian government ministry that is responsible for housing and residential areas. The ministry reports to the president and is currently led by Maruarar Sirait, the Housing and Residential Area.
Hartogs–Rosenthal theorem
In mathematics, the Hartogs–Rosenthal theorem is a classical result in complex analysis on the uniform approximation of continuous functions on compact subsets of the complex plane by rational functions. The theorem was proved in 1931 by the German mathematicians Friedrich Hartogs and Arthur Rosenthal and has been widely applied, particularly in operator theory.

Operator theory
In mathematics, operator theory is the study of linear operators on function spaces, beginning with differential operators and integral operators. The operators may be presented abstractly by their characteristics, such as bounded linear operators or closed operators, and consideration may be given to nonlinear operators. The study, which depends heavily on the topology of function spaces, is a branch of functional analysis.

If a collection of operators forms an algebra over a field, then it is an operator algebra. The description of operator algebras is part of operator theory.
Family (2023 film)
Family is a 2023 Indian Malayalam-language drama film directed, written, and edited by Don Palathara, with co-writing credits to Sherin Chatherine. The film premiered at the 52nd International Film Festival Rotterdam on 28 January 2023. It was also screened at the14th Bengaluru International Film Festival 2023. Produced by Anto Chittilappilly through his production company, Newton Cinema, the film features Vinay Forrt, Divya Prabha, Abhija Sivakala, Nilja K Baby and Mathew Thomas in pivotal roles. Family was theatrically released on 22 February 2024.

Vinay Forrt
Vinay Kumar (born 13 January 1983), professionally credited as Vinay Forrt is an Indian film and stage actor. He is from Fort Kochi, Kerala and has a postgraduate in acting from Film and Television Institute of India in Pune. He made his cinematic debut in the Malayalam film Ritu (2009).
Antonio Díaz (karateka)
Antonio José Díaz Fernández (born June 12, 1980) is a Venezuelan karateka. He is best known for winning gold medals in kata at the World Championships in Serbia (2010) and France (2012), winning of the World Games in Cali, Colombia (2013), and Duisburg, Germany (2015), and a silver medal in the World Championships in Japan 2008. He won bronze medals at the WKF World Championships in karate in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2014, and 2016 in the men's individual kata. He has also won 23 Pan American Karate Federation Senior Championships Medals 23 times to date.

He represented Venezuela at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. He lost his bronze medal match in the men's kata event. Díaz obtained an Olympic diploma.

Antonio Díaz holds the Guinness world record for the most medals won at World Karate Championships.

Panamerican Karate Federation
The Panamerican Karate Federation (PKF) is the governing body of sport karate of about 37 countries of national karate federation in the Americas. The PKF was founded in 1975 with original name PUKO (Panamerican Union of Karate Organization) with 13 countries founder the PUKO in Long Beach, California, USA, and in 1995 it officially change the name to Panamerican Karate Federation. PKF is duly recognized by the World Karate Federation, the largest international governing body of sport karate with over 130 member countries. It is the only karate organization recognised by the International Olympic Committee and has more than ten million members.  The PKF organized juniors and seniors Championship in many countries in Panamerica and participates in WKF World Karate Championships. The President of the PKF is William Millerson.
Verstegen
Verstegen is  a Dutch toponymic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Lyda Verstegen, Dutch lawyer and activist

Mark Verstegen, American businessman

Mike Verstegen (born 1971), American football player

Willem Verstegen (1612–1659), Dutch explorer and merchant

Richard Verstegan (Rowlands) (c. 1550–1640), Anglo-Dutch antiquary

Ute Verstegen (born 1970), German archaeologist

Willem Verstegen (1612–1659), Dutch explorer and merchant; chief trader of the factory in Dejima

Spencer Verstegen (1995-), Digital marketer and traveler

Mark Verstegen
Mark Verstegen is the President and Founder of EXOS. He serves as the Director of Performance for the NFL Players Association, and, introduced by Jürgen Klinsmann in 2004, is an athletic coach for the Germany national football team. He also set a Guinness World Record with Sheraton Hotels for the World's Largest Resistance Band Strength Training Class.

He directs a team of performance, nutrition and rehabilitation specialists to train athletes including 2010 NFL #1 Draft Pick Sam Bradford and the last 5 #1 NFL Draft Picks, the Germany national football team, USA Men's National Team, Everton F.C. and the MLS's Los Angeles Galaxy, Chivas USA and Sporting Kansas City; baseball's Justin Morneau, Brian Roberts and Evan Longoria; NFL players Mike Karney, Max Starks, Terrell Thomas; hockey players Chris Drury and Angela Ruggiero; and NBA players Kevin Love and Caron Butler.
2019 Northwest Territories municipal elections
Local elections were held in seven hamlets and two charter communities in the Northwest Territories in 2019. Hamlet elections took place on December 19, while the charter communities of Tsiigehtchic and K’asho Got’ine held elections on June 17 and July 19, respectively. One additional hamlet, Tuktoyaktuk, cancelled its elections when the candidates for mayor and community council went uncontested.

Tuktoyaktuk
Tuktoyaktuk (/ˌtʌktəˈjæktʌk/ TUK-tə-YAK-tuk; Inuvialuktun: Tuktuyaaqtuuq [təktujaːqtuːq], lit. 'it looks like a caribou') is an Inuvialuit hamlet near the Mackenzie River delta in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, at the northern terminus of the Inuvik–Tuktoyaktuk Highway. One of six Inuvialuit communities in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region, it is commonly known by its first syllable, Tuk (/tʌk/). It lies north of the Arctic Circle on the Arctic Ocean, and is the only place on the Arctic Ocean connected to the rest of Canada by road. Known as Port Brabant after British colonization, in 1950 it became Canada's first Indigenous settlement to reclaim its traditional name.
A Touch of Gold
"A Touch of Gold" is the first television play episode of the second season of the Australian anthology television series Australian Playhouse. "A Touch of Gold" was directed by John Croyston and originally aired on ABC on 12 June 1967 in Melbourne and on 24 July 1967 in Sydney.

Television play
A television play is a television programming genre which is a drama performance broadcast from a multi-camera television studio, usually live in the early days of television but later recorded to tape. This is in contrast to a television movie, which employs the single-camera setup of film production.
Wheless
Wheless is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hewitt T. Wheless (1913-1986), American military officer

Joseph Wheless (1868-1950), American lawyer

Troy Wheless (born 1980), American basketball player

Hewitt T. Wheless
Hewitt Terrell Wheless (October 13, 1913 – September 7, 1986) was a United States Air Force officer known for his heroism on a bombing mission against Japanese ships in the Philippines on December 14, 1941, a week after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross and mentioned by name in Franklin Roosevelt's Fireside Chat on April 28, 1942. In 1947, he was assigned to the Strategic Air Command and was named SAC chief of staff in 1962. He was assigned to Headquarters U.S. Air Force in 1963 and retired in June 1968 as Assistant Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force.
The Best You Can
The Best You Can is a 2025 American romantic comedy film written, produced and directed by Michael J. Weithorn. The film stars couple Kyra Sedgwick and Kevin Bacon for their first on-screen appearance since Cavedweller and The Woodsman (2004).

The film premiered at the 2025 Tribeca Festival on June 7, 2025.

Brittany O'Grady
Brittany Ann O'Grady (born June 2, 1996) is an American actress and singer. She is known for her leading roles in the Fox series Star (2016–2019), the Apple TV+ series Little Voice (2020), the first season of the HBO anthology series The White Lotus (2021), and the Amazon Prime series The Consultant (2023). She also appeared in the 2019 film Black Christmas.
Phytoecia cylindrica
Phytoecia cylindrica is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. It has a wide distribution throughout Europe. It feeds on Daucus carota, Laserpitium siler, Astrantia major, Anthriscus sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium. It measures between 6 and 12 mm (0.24 and 0.47 in).

Heracleum sphondylium
Heracleum sphondylium, commonly known as hogweed or common hogweed, is a herbaceous perennial plant in the carrot family Apiaceae, which includes fennel, cow parsley, ground elder and giant hogweed. It is native to most of Europe, western Asia and northern Africa, but is introduced in North America and elsewhere. Other common names include cow parsnip (not to be confused with Heracleum maximum of North America). The flowers provide a great deal of nectar for pollinators.
Poondi Arugar Temple
Poondi Arugar Temple is a Jain temple which located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from Arani, Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu, India. The temple was built by Cholas. It is one of the protected monuments in Tamil Nadu declared by Archaeological Survey of India.

Tiruvannamalai district
Thiruvannamalai district (previously known as Central Arcot, Tiruvannamalai Sambhuvarayar district) is one of the 38 districts in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the second largest district in Tamil Nadu by area, after Dindigul District. It was formed in 1989 through the bifurcation of North Arcot into the Tiruvannamalai Sambuvarayar and Vellore Ambedkar districts. The city of Tiruvannamalai is the district headquarters.

The district is divided into 12 Taluks—Arani, Chengam, Tiruvannamalai, Polur, Thandarampattu, Vandavasi, Kalasapakkam, Chetpet, Kilpennathur, Jamunamarathoor, Cheyyar and Vembakkam. As of 2011, the district had a population of 2,464,875 with a sex-ratio of 994 females for every 1,000 males.
Burdeau Bridge-Building
The Burdeau Bridge-Building (in French: Immeuble-pont Burdeau) is a structure that combines the functions of a residential building and a road/pedestrian bridge. It is located in the Télemly district of Alger-Centre, Algeria.

Designed by the French architect Lucien Pierre-Marie, the building was constructed in 1952 during the French colonial period. It consists of 7 floors with 82 apartments.

Alger Centre
Alger Centre is a municipality in Algiers Province, Algeria. It is administratively part of Sidi M'Hamed district,  and it has a population of 96,329 as of the 1998 census, which gives it 15 seats in the PMA.
Delta Air Lines Flight 554
Delta Air Lines Flight 554 was a scheduled Delta Air Lines domestic passenger flight between Atlanta and New York City's LaGuardia Airport. On October 19, 1996, the McDonnell Douglas MD-88 aircraft struck the approach light structure and the vertical edge of the concrete landing deck during its approach to land on Runway 13 at LaGuardia Airport. The aircraft proceeded to skid 2,700 feet down the runway before coming to a rest. Of the 58 passengers and 5 crew members aboard, 5 received minor injuries. The aircraft was substantially damaged and repaired for $14 million.

The final report by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) found that the probable cause of the accident was the inability of the captain, because of his use of monovision contact lenses, to overcome his misperception of the aircraft's position relative to the runway during the visual portion of the approach.

National Transportation Safety Board
The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is an independent U.S. government investigative agency responsible for civil transportation accident investigation. In this role, the NTSB investigates and reports on aviation accidents and incidents, certain types of highway crashes, ship and marine accidents, pipeline incidents, bridge failures, and railroad accidents. The NTSB is also in charge of investigating cases of hazardous materials releases that occur during transportation. The agency is based in Washington, D.C. It has three regional offices, located in Anchorage, Alaska; Aurora, Colorado; and Federal Way, Washington. The agency also operated a national training center at its Ashburn facility.
Nactus pelagicus
Nactus pelagicus is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. It is also known as the Pacific slender-toed gecko, pelagic gecko, and rock gecko. It is found from the Kai Islands through New Guinea, Melanesia and into the central Pacific, Micronesia, Tuamotu Archipelago, Fiji, Rotuma, Samoa, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands, Vanuatu, Cook Islands, Tonga, Queensland in Australia, Northern Mariana Islands, and Guam.

Kai Islands
The Kai Islands (also Kei Islands) of Indonesia are a group of islands in the southeastern part of the Maluku Islands, located in the province of Maluku. The Moluccas have been known as the Spice Islands due to regionally specific plants such as nutmeg, mace, and cloves that originally intrigued the European nations of the 16th century. The coastal zone of the islands are identified as a site of highest marine biodiversity importance in the Coral Triangle.
Phil Scarf
Philip A. Scarf is Professor of Management Mathematics at Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University. He was formerly Professor of Applied Statistics at Salford Business School, University of Salford. A statistician, his interests are in modeling in sport, maintenance and reliability, and corrosion engineering. He advised the Press Association and the Football Association on the development of the Actim Index: the "official player rating system of the Premier League and Championship".

University of Salford
The University of Salford is a public research university located in Salford, Greater Manchester, England, 1 mile (1.6 kilometres) west of Manchester city centre. The Royal Technical Institute, Salford, which opened in 1896, became a College of Advanced Technology in 1956 and gained university status in 1967, following the Robbins Report into higher education.

It has 26,155 students (2023/24) and is in 160 acres (65 hectares) of parkland on the banks of the River Irwell.
Fischer assay
The Fischer assay is a standardized laboratory test for determining the oil yield from oil shale to be expected from a conventional shale oil extraction.  A 100 gram oil shale sample crushed to <2.38 mm is heated in a small aluminum retort to 500 °C (930 °F) at a rate of 12°C/min (22°F/min), and held at that temperature for 40 minutes.  The distilled vapors of oil, gas, and water are passed through a condenser and cooled with ice water into a graduated centrifuge tube. The oil yields achieved by other technologies are often reported as a percentage of the Fischer Assay oil yield.

The original Fischer Assay test was developed in the early low temperature coal retorting research by Franz Joseph Emil Fischer and Hans Schrader. It was adapted for evaluating oil shale yields in 1949 by K. E. Stanfield and I. C. Frost.

Laboratory centrifuge
A laboratory centrifuge is a piece of laboratory equipment, driven by a motor, which spins liquid samples at high speed. 
There are various types of centrifuges, depending on the size and the sample capacity.

Like all other centrifuges, laboratory centrifuges work by the sedimentation principle, where the centripetal acceleration is used to separate substances of greater and lesser density.
Great Synagogue (Brody)
The Great Synagogue of Brody, also known as the Old Fortress Synagogue, is a former Orthodox Jewish synagogue, located in Brody, in the Lviv Oblast of Ukraine. The congregation worshipped in the Ashkenazi rite. Constructed in the mid-18th century in the former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the building was significantly damaged by the Nazis in 1943, and has since fallen into disrepair.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Keith Mason (rugby league)
Keith Mason (born (1982-01-20)20 January 1982) is a former rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s.

He played as a prop for Wakefield Trinity Wildcats,  St Helens,  Castleford Tigers (two spells) and Huddersfield Giants, as well as Brisbane Norths, and for Melbourne Storm in the National Rugby League (NRL). Mason played in three Challenge Cup finals, winning one in 2004 for St Helens against Wigan in Cardiff. He also won the League Leaders' Shield with St Helens in 2005.

He won two caps for Wales at international level, and also played for Great Britain and England Under-21s.

Norths Devils
The Northern Suburbs Devils, or North Brisbane Devils, or often simply referred to as Norths for short, are a rugby league club representing the northern suburbs of Brisbane, Australia. The team colours are sky blue, navy blue and gold. They play in the Hostplus Cup, and, through their predecessors, are one of the oldest clubs in Australia.
Norths have won 14 A Grade, 17 Reserve Grade and 14 Colts/Third Grade Premierships. They hold the record for most consecutive first grade Brisbane Rugby League premierships, winning six in a row between 1959 and 1964 and being crowned champions most recently in 2024.
Yip/Jump Music
Yip/Jump Music is the fifth self-released music cassette album by singer-songwriter Daniel Johnston, recorded over the summer of 1983.
The album was re-released on cassette in 1986 by Stress records, and in 1988 released on CD and double LP by Homestead Records. The album has been re-released twice by Eternal Yip Eye Music: once in 2003 on CD and CD-R, and once in 2007 as a double vinyl LP.

Yip/Jump Music is the first album to feature Johnston on the chord organ. It was recorded in his brother's garage in Texas.

Homestead Records
Homestead Records was a Long Island, New York–based sublabel of music distributor Dutch East India Trading that operated from 1983 to 1996. Artists who worked with the label included Sonic Youth, Big Black, and Dinosaur Jr.
Luis Hernández (baseball)
Luís Andres Hernández Mendoza (born June 26, 1984) is a Venezuelan former professional  baseball shortstop. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles, Kansas City Royals, New York Mets and Texas Rangers.

Bridgeport Bluefish
The Bridgeport Bluefish were an American minor league baseball team based in Bridgeport, Connecticut. The team was a member of the Liberty Division of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball, which was not affiliated with Major League Baseball. They played their home games at The Ballpark at Harbor Yard from 1998 to 2017.

The franchise had announced it would relocate to High Point, North Carolina, in 2019, but ceased operations instead. In its place, a new franchise not connected to the Bluefish began play in High Point called the High Point Rockers.