hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edgerly Island
Edgerly Island is an island in the Napa River, upstream of San Pablo Bay (an embayment of San Francisco Bay). It is in Napa County, California, and managed as part of the Napa-Sonoma Marshes Wildlife Area. Its coordinates are 38°12′12″N 122°18′52″W﻿ / ﻿38.20333°N 122.31444°W﻿ / 38.20333; -122.31444﻿ (Edgerly Island), and the United States Geological Survey measured its elevation as 3 ft (0.91 m) in 1981.

Napa County, California
Napa County (/ˈnæpə/ ⓘ) is a county north of San Pablo Bay located in the northern portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 138,019. The county seat is the City of Napa. Napa County was one of the original counties of California, created in 1850 at the time of statehood. Parts of the county's territory were given to Lake County in 1861.

Napa County comprises the Napa, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area. It is one of four North Bay counties.

Napa County, once the producer of many different crops, is known today for its regional wine industry. Napa County rose to the first rank of wine regions, along with France, when local wineries Stag's Leap Wine Cellars and Chateau Montelena won the "Judgment of Paris" in 1976.
White-striped viper gecko
The white-striped viper gecko (Hemidactylus albofasciatus) is a species of gecko endemic to India. The species, mostly found under the loose rocks on rock outcrops of the Konkan region is known to be threatened by the land-use changes. This is an uncommon, slender gecko found only in the lateritic plateaus of Maharashtra. This patchily distributed ground-dwelling species hides generally under the rocks during the daytime

Land use, land-use change, and forestry
Land use, land-use change, and forestry (LULUCF), also referred to as forestry and other land use (FOLU) or agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU),: 65  is defined as a "greenhouse gas inventory sector that covers emissions and removals of greenhouse gases resulting from direct human-induced land use such as settlements and commercial uses, land-use change, and forestry activities."

LULUCF has impacts on the global carbon cycle and as such, these activities can add or remove carbon dioxide (or, more generally, carbon) from the atmosphere, influencing climate. LULUCF has been the subject of two major reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), but is difficult to measure.: 12  Additionally, land use is of critical importance for biodiversity.
Founder's syndrome
Founder's syndrome (also founderitis) is the difficulty faced by organizations, and in particular young companies such as start-ups, where one or more founders maintain disproportionate power and influence following the effective initial establishment of the organization, leading to a wide range of problems. The syndrome occurs in both non-profit and for-profit organizations or companies.

Micromanagement
Micromanagement is a management style characterized by behaviors such as an excessive focus on observing and controlling subordinates and an obsession with details.

Micromanagement generally has a negative connotation, suggesting a lack of freedom and trust in the workplace,  and an excessive focus on details at the expense of the "big picture" and larger goals.
Serghei Gafina
Serghei Gafina (born 10 November 1984) is a Moldovan footballer who plays as a defender for Dinamo-Auto Tiraspol in the Moldovan National Division. He has previously played for Iskra-Stal Rîbnița, Zimbru Chișinău and Iskra Rîbnița.

FC Zimbru Chișinău
Fotbal Club Zimbru Chișinău, commonly known as Zimbru Chișinău or simply Zimbru, is a Moldovan professional football club based in Chișinău, which competes in the Liga, the highest tier of Moldovan football.

Founded in the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1947, Zimbru entered the Soviet Top League in 1956 and totaled eleven participations before their last relegation in 1983. The club remained the leader of Moldovan football during most of the Soviet period and was the only one that reached and played at the Soviet top tier. After the independence of Moldova in 1991, the team established itself as an early force in the country, winning all the first five national titles and eight of the first nine, but have not won since.

Zimbru play their home matches at the 10,104-seater Zimbru Stadium.
Miangram railway station
Miangram railway station is a halt railway station on the Howrah–Azimganj line of Howrah railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Miangram village in Murshidabad district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Murshidabad district
Murshidabad district is a district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Situated on the left bank of the river Ganges, the district is very fertile. Covering an area of 5,341 km2 (2,062 sq mi) and having a population 7.103 million (according to 2011 census), it is a densely populated district and the ninth most populous in India (out of 640). Berhampore city is the headquarters of the district.

The Murshidabad city, which lends its name to the district, was the seat of power of the Nawabs of Bengal. All of Bengal was once governed from this city. A few years after Nawab Siraj-ud-Daula lost to the British at the Battle of Plassey, the capital of Bengal was moved to the newly founded city of Calcutta, now called Kolkata.
Central Park, Wallasey
Central Park is located in Wallasey, Merseyside, England. The park was the site of Liscard Hall, which was set ablaze by local vandals on 7 July 2008. The damage to the hall was too severe and the once grand house had to be demolished. The hall was the home of Sir John Tobin, a former Mayor of Liverpool.

The park has football and cricket grounds, play areas, a fishing lake and a pump track. The park is home to a war memorial dedicated to those who lost their lives in the Boer War, in the form of a statue of Britannia.

Sir John Tobin
Sir John Tobin (1763–1851) was a Manx merchant based in Liverpool. He was a merchant seaman who became a sea captain, making voyages both as a slave trader and as a privateer against French shipping. He was Mayor of Liverpool in 1819–1820. In later life he was involved in canal and railway development.
Serhiy Petrenko
Serhiy Volodymyrovych Petrenko (Ukrainian: Сергій Володимирович Петренко; born 8 December 1956) is a retired Soviet and Ukrainian sprint canoeist. He competed in doubles at the 1976 and 1980 Olympics and won two gold medals in 1976. He also won seven medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with three golds (C-1 500 m: 1974, 1975; C-2 10000 m: 1977), three silvers (C-1 500 m: 1978, 1979; C-2 500 m: 1982), and one bronze (C-2 10000 m: 1983).

ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships are an international event in canoe racing, one of two top-tier Summer Olympic sport events organized by the International Canoe Federation (the other being the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships). They are usually held every non-Olympic year and have officially included paracanoe events since 2010; paracanoe-specific editions of this event (named ICF Paracanoe World Championships) are usually held in Summer Paralympic years.

Prior to November 2008, canoe sprint was known as flatwater racing.
Peter Liem
Peter Liem is an American wine critic, a senior correspondent for Wine & Spirits, and since 2009 the author and publisher of the online subscription guide to wines and producers of Champagne, ChampagneGuide.net, and has co-authored a book on the subject of Sherry. Liem has also contributed to publications such as San Francisco Chronicle, Zester Daily and The World of Fine Wine.

Wine critic
A wine critic is a person who evaluates wine and describes it either with a numerical rating, a tasting note, or a combination of both. Their critiques, found in books, newspapers, magazines, newsletters, online, or in sales materials for wine, are often used by consumers in the process of deciding whether or not to buy a wine.
2000 estyle.com Classic
The 2000 estyle.com Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was part of the Tier II category of the 2000 WTA Tour. It was the 27th edition of the tournament and took place in Manhattan Beach, California, United States, from August 7 through August 13, 2000. Fifth-seeded Serena Williams won the singles title and earned $87,000 first-prize money.

Manhattan Beach, California
Manhattan Beach is a city in southwestern Los Angeles County, California, United States, on the Pacific coast south of El Segundo, west of Hawthorne, and north of Redondo Beach and Hermosa Beach. As of the 2020 census, the population was 35,506.

Together with Hermosa Beach and Redondo Beach, it forms the three Beach Cities within the South Bay region of Los Angeles County. The community is known for a long beach stretching approximately 2.1 miles (3.4 km) and roughly 450 feet (140 m) wide. The climate is moderate because of Manhattan Beach's proximity to the Pacific Ocean, with an average year-round high temperature of 69.1 °F (20.6 °C) and an average year-round low of 56.4 °F (13.6 °C).
Arvi (given name)
Arvi is an Estonian and Finnish male given name.

People named Arvi include:

Arvi Aavik (born 1969), Estonian wrestler

Arvi Grotenfelt (1863–1941), Finnish philosopher and psychologist

Arvi Hurskainen (born 1941), Finnish scholar of language technology and linguistics

Arvi Kalsta (1890–1982), Finnish National Socialist

Arvi Kontu (1883–1945), Finnish agronomist and politician

Arvi Lind (born 1940), Finnish television news presenter

Arvi Mägi (born 1949), Estonian actor and theatre director

Arvi Malmivaara (1885–1970), Finnish Lutheran clergyman and politician

Arvi Parbo (1926–2019), Estonian-Australian business executive

Arvi Pohjanpää (1887–1959), Finnish artistic gymnast

Arvi Savolainen (born 1998), Finnish Greco-Roman wrestler

Arvi Siig (1938–1999), Estonian poet, translator and journalist

Arvi Tervalampi (1928–2005), Finnish equestrian

Arvi Turkka (1894–1965), Finnish journalist and politician

Arvi Siig
Arvi Siig (8 November 1938 – 23 November 1999) was an Estonian poet, translator and journalist. He was a member of the CPSU and a communist, but still critical of many aspects of the political aspects of his day. His poetry inspired later punk poets and many of his texts are used as lyrics by the Estonian alternative rock band Vennaskond. He was among the first to include modern urban themes in Estonian poetry, also giving a voice to prostitutes, including Soviet prostitutes.

The creators of the award-winning computer RPG Disco Elysium, Robert Kurvitz and Aleksander Rostov hailed Siig as inspiration and the greatest Estonian poet when accepting the president's Young Cultural Figure award in 2020: "Without his modernism, Elysium - the world the game is placed in - would not be half of what it is." Also, lyrics of some of Robert Kurvitz progressive rock group Ultramelanhool are from Siig poems.
Mondrian (software)
Mondrian is a general-purpose statistical data-visualization system, for interactive data visualization.

All plots in Mondrian are fully linked, and offer various interactions and queries. Any case selected in a plot in Mondrian is highlighted in all other plots.
Currently implemented plots comprise Mosaic Plot, Scatterplots and SPLOM, Maps, Barcharts, Histograms, Missing Value Plot, Parallel Coordinates/Boxplots and Boxplots y by x.
Mondrian works with data in standard tab-delimited or comma-separated ASCII files and can load data from R workspaces. There is basic support for working directly on data in databases.
Mondrian links to R and offers statistical procedures like interactive density estimation, scatterplot smoothers, multidimensional scaling (MDS) and principal component analysis (PCA).

Scatterplot smoothing
In statistics, several scatterplot smoothing methods are available to fit a function through the points of a scatterplot to best represent the relationship between the variables.

Scatterplots may be smoothed by fitting a line to the data points in a diagram. This line attempts to display the non-random component of the association between the variables in a 2D scatter plot. Smoothing attempts to separate the non-random behaviour in the data from the random fluctuations, removing or reducing these fluctuations, and allows prediction of the response based value of the explanatory variable.

Smoothing is normally accomplished by using any one of the techniques mentioned below.

A straight line (simple linear regression)

A quadratic or a polynomial curve

Local regression

Smoothing splines

The smoothing curve is chosen so as to provide the best fit in some sense, often defined as the fit that results in the minimum sum of the squared errors (a least squares criterion).
Upper Boat Studios
Upper Boat Studios was a television studio complex leased to the BBC in mid-2006, and formerly operated by BBC Wales.

It is located in Upper Boat, a village on the outskirts of Pontypridd, Rhondda Cynon Taf, near Cardiff in Wales.  The studios, previously a seat belt manufacturing factory for the automotive industry, were officially opened on 27 July 2006 (2006-07-27), by Welsh Enterprise Minister Andrew Davies, for the purpose of producing Doctor Who, along with its related spin-off programmes.

Welsh Government
The Welsh Government (Welsh: Llywodraeth Cymru, pronounced [ɬəˈwɔdraːɨθ ˈkəmrɨ]) is the devolved government of Wales. It consists of cabinet secretaries and ministers. The government is led by the first minister, usually the leader of the largest party in the Senedd (Welsh Parliament; Welsh: Senedd Cymru), who selects ministers with the approval of the Senedd. The government is responsible for tabling policy in devolved areas (such as health, education, economic development, transport and local government) for consideration by the Senedd and implementing policy that has been approved by it.

The current Welsh Government is a Labour minority administration, following the 2021 Senedd election. It is led by Eluned Morgan who has been the first minister of Wales since August 2024.
Fibrenap (Cushy Pads)
Fibrenap, also referred to as Cushy Pad, is a product made from wood wool bound in Kraft paper which can be used as an environmentally friendly method for packaging a wide range of items. Fibrenap, in its simplest form, comes as a roll of Kraft paper stuffed with wood wool and comes in a variety of widths. These rolls of Fibrenap can be cut to any length desired, wrapped in a plastic sleeve or made into bails. Any combination of these methods can be used to ensure it is in a form which is best suited to the item it is packaging. Fibrenap is most commonly used to transport heavy industry items to protect the items against vibrations and shocks which could occur during transportation.

Kraft paper
Kraft paper or kraft is paper or paperboard (cardboard) produced from chemical pulp produced in the kraft process.

Sack kraft paper (or just sack paper) is a porous kraft paper with high elasticity and high tear resistance, designed for packaging products with high demands for strength and durability.
Dust (The Twilight Zone)
"Dust" is episode 48 of the American television anthology series The Twilight Zone. It originally aired on January 6, 1961, on CBS, and was the 12th episode of the second season. The episode was written by series creator Rod Serling, and was directed by Douglas Heyes. It starred Thomas Gomez in his second appearance on the show following "Escape Clause", as well as Vladimir Sokoloff, in the first of his three appearances on the series. It is one of the few episodes that does not contain any overtly fantasy or science-fiction elements, though its ending is quite ambiguous in this regard.

Douglas Heyes
Douglas Heyes (May 22, 1919 – February 8, 1993) was an American film and television writer, director, producer, actor, composer, and author with a long list of accomplishments. He was sometimes credited under the pseudonym Matthew Howard.
Amiatina
The Amiatina or Italian: Asino dell'Amiata is a breed of donkey from Tuscany in central Italy. It is particularly associated with Monte Amiata in the provinces of Siena and Grosseto, but is distributed throughout Tuscany. There are also populations in Liguria and in Campania.: 156  It is one of the eight autochthonous donkey breeds of limited distribution recognised by the Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali, the Italian ministry of agriculture and forestry.: 18

Provinces of Italy
The provinces of Italy (Italian: province d'Italia) are the second-level administrative divisions of the Italian Republic, on an intermediate level between a municipality (comune) and a region (regione). Since 2015, provinces have been classified as "institutional bodies of second level".

There are currently 110 institutional bodies of second level in Italy, including 82 ordinary provinces, 2 autonomous provinces, 4 regional decentralization entities, 6 free municipal consortia, and 15 metropolitan cities, as well as the Aosta Valley region (which also exercises the powers of a province).

Italian provinces (with the exception of the current Sardinian provinces) correspond to the NUTS 3 regions.
Top City
Top City (Chinese: 台中大遠百) is a shopping mall located in the 7th Redevelopment Zone of Xitun District, Taichung, Taiwan that opened on 22 December 2011. The mall is owned and operated by the Far Eastern Group. With a total floor area of 178,895 m2 (1,925,610 sq ft) and 14 floors above ground and 2 floors below ground, it is the largest shopping center in Taichung when it opened. Main core stores of the mall include Tissot, Hermes, Bvlgari, Gap, Nike and various other high end brands and themed restaurants. In March 2021, the second authorized Lego store in Taiwan opened in the mall.

Far Eastern Group
Far Eastern Group  is one of the biggest conglomerates in the Republic of China (ROC, Taiwan). It was founded in 1937 by Yu-Ziang Hsu during the mainland Republican period. The group spans over 10 major industries and includes 9 publicly listed companies. The total assets of the group exceed NT$2,500 billion (US$75.8 billion), with annual revenues surpassing NT$610 billion (US$18.7 billion).
Pierre Lacroix (ice hockey, born 1959)
Pierre Lacroix (born April 11, 1959) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played 274 National Hockey League games for the Quebec Nordiques and the Hartford Whalers. He is the father of Maxime Lacroix. As a youth, he played in the 1971 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a minor ice hockey team from Sainte-Foy.

Hartford Whalers
The Hartford Whalers were a professional ice hockey team based for most of its 25-year existence in Hartford, Connecticut. The club played in the World Hockey Association (WHA) from 1972 until 1979, and in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1979 to 1997.

Originally based in Boston, they were charter members of the WHA, known as the New England Whalers for all seven seasons. After their second season, the team moved one hundred miles (160 km) southwest to Hartford in April 1974; five years later, the Whalers joined the NHL in the 1979 NHL–WHA merger and were renamed the "Hartford Whalers" because the Boston Bruins did not want to share a geographical market with the team.

After 25 years in New England, the franchise relocated to North Carolina in 1997 and became the Carolina Hurricanes.
Artur Kogan
Artur Kogan (Hebrew: ארתור קוגן; born 29 January 1974) is a Ukrainian–born Israeli chess grandmaster.

Kogan emigrated from Ukraine to Israel when he was two years old and spent more than 20 years in Israel.  He currently resides in Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.

In 1981–89 he was the winner of town open championships in Israel of Bat Yam, Holon, Rishon LeZion, Petah Tikva, among others.

Among other tournaments, he has won the 1994 Kecskemét, 1996 Formies, 1996 Vlissingen, 1996 Sas Van Gent Open (Netherlands), 1996 Ischia (Italy), 1998 Ljubljana (Slovenia), 1998 Pyramiden Cup (Germany), 1999 Ljubliana, 2000 Almassora (Spain), 2000 Cutro Open (Italy), 2000 Quebec Open, 2001 Nordic Scandinavian Open, 2001 Salou Costa Dorada (Spain), 2002 Genove (Italy), 2003 Lido Estensi, 2005 Paris Open, 2005 Tarragona Open, 2006 Ashdod Open (Israel) and 2011 Torredembarra Open tournaments.

He was awarded the Grandmaster title in 1998.

Torredembarra
Torredembarra (Catalan pronunciation: [ˌtorəðəmˈbarə]), normally called La Torre by its inhabitants, is a town in the comarca of the Tarragonès, in the province of Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain. It is located on the Costa Daurada, it faces Altafulla to the west, La Pobla de Montornès to the north, Creixell to the east and Mediterranean Sea in the south. It is 13 km to Tarragona's northeast and about 100 km southwest Barcelona. It has a population of 17,984 (register office, 2024) .

The GR 92 long distance footpath, which roughly follows the length of the Mediterranean coast of Spain, has a staging point at Torredembarra. Stage 24 links northwards to Calafell, a distance of 15.0 kilometres (9.3 mi), whilst stage 25 links southwards to Tarragona, a distance of 20.0 kilometres (12.4 mi).
Suillaceae
The Suillaceae are a family of fungi in the order Boletales (suborder Suillineae), containing the boletus-like Suillus, the small truffle-like Truncocolumella, as well as the monotypic genus Psiloboletinus. As of 2008, there are 54 species in the family. Gastrosuillus, once considered a distinct genus, has been shown with molecular analysis to be a recent evolutionary derivative of Suillus. Fuscoboletinus, described by Pomerleau and Smith in 1962, has also been subsumed into Suillus.

Alexander H. Smith
Alexander Hanchett Smith (December 12, 1904 – December 12, 1986) was an American mycologist known for his extensive contributions to the taxonomy and phylogeny of the higher fungi, especially the agarics.
Richard Franklin Preston
Richard Franklin Preston (October 24, 1860 – February 8, 1929) was an Ontario physician and political figure. He represented Lanark North in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1894 to 1898 and from 1905 to 1919 and Lanark in the House of Commons of Canada from 1922 to 1929 as a Conservative member.

He was born in Leeds County, Canada West, the son of Anthony Preston, an Irish immigrant, and was educated at Queen's University. His older brother Robert Henry Preston was also a physician and politician. Preston ran unsuccessfully for the Lanark North seat in the House of Commons in 1900 and 1904. He served as a minister without portfolio in the provincial cabinet from 1914 to 1919. He was first elected to the House of Commons in a 1922 by-election held after the death of John Alexander Stewart.

Preston was reeve and later mayor of Carleton Place. He also served as warden for Lanark County.

Lanark County
Lanark County is a county and census division located in the Canadian province of Ontario. Its county seat is Perth, which was first settled in 1816 and was known as a social and political capital before being overshadowed by a city known today as Ottawa.

Most European settlements of the county began in 1816, when Drummond, Beckwith and Bathurst townships were named and initially surveyed. The first farm north of the Rideau was cleared and settled somewhat earlier, in 1790. The county took its name from the town of Lanark in Scotland. Nearly all the townships were named after British public and military figures from the era of early settlement.