hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Liangqing (monk)
Liangqing (良卿法师) was a Chinese Buddhist monk and abbot of Famen Temple (Chinese: 法门寺; pinyin: Fǎmén Sì).

At the beginning of the Chinese Cultural Revolution in 1966, a campaign was introduced to destroy the Four Olds. As Buddhist sites and temples were widely targeted during this campaign, Liangqing's Famen Temple was a major target for destruction. Hundreds of Red Guards were sent to destroy the Famen Temple. Due to this imposing threat, Liangqing, the temple's Abbot, chose an act of self-immolation to protect the temple and contents from destruction. Although the contents of the temple were all smashed by the Red Guard, Liangqing's self-sacrifice was successful as the two True Relics of the Buddha (Śarīra), were saved from destruction.

Relics associated with Buddha
According to sources in the Sutta Piṭaka of the Pāli Canon, like the Mahāparinibbāṇa Sutta (Sutta 16 of the Dīgha Nikāya), after the parinirvana (the Buddha's final nirvana during his physical death), the physical body of Gautama Buddha was cremated and the bodily relics which remained afterwards, called Śarīra, were divided among his lay followers, who took them to different regions of India and built stupas for them.
Gyamar Nikum
Gyamar Nikum (born 26 October 2004) is an Indian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Indian Super League club Mumbai City.

He is one of the youngest players and first from Arunachal Pradesh in history to be selected and debut in the I-League Qualifiers, at an age of 16 years and 359 days.

2021–22 I-League
The 2021–22 I-League (also known as Hero I-League for sponsorship reasons) was the 15th season of I-League, last as the top tier of Indian football league system, since its establishment in 2007. All the matches were hosted in a bio-secure bubble in West Bengal due to COVID-19 pandemic in India.

After the commencement of the first match-week of the league on 27 December 2021, the tournament got suspended on 29 December due to reports of numerous COVID-19 cases among the players and staff. All India Football Federation released new dates on 1 February 2022, with a revised schedule of the league resuming from 3 March.

The AIFF allowed spectators in the second phase of the league. On final matchday, with only a draw needed, Gokulam Kerala defeated Mohammedan by 2–1 to successfully defend the title, becoming the first team to do so in I-League and first time in 14 years to do so in the Indian football league's history.
2024 Korochansky Ilyushin Il-76 crash
On 24 January 2024, at around 11:15 MSK, a Russian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 military transport plane crashed near the Ukrainian border in Russia's Korochansky district in Belgorod Oblast, killing everyone on board. Russia stated that the plane was shot down by Ukraine while it was carrying 65 Ukrainian prisoners of war (POWs) captured during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, as well as six crew members and three guards, and that the prisoners of war were to be exchanged in a swap. The General Staff of the Ukrainian Armed Forces did not directly take responsibility for shooting down the airplane, but stated that it was a legitimate military target and that it was carrying S-300 anti-aircraft missiles for bombing Kharkiv Oblast.

Some French and US officials said that the downing of the aircraft was caused by a Patriot missile fired by the Ukrainian army.

Russian Air Force
The Russian Air Force (Russian: Военно-воздушные силы России, ВВС, romanized: Voenno-vozdushnye sily Rossii, VVS) is a branch of the Russian Aerospace Forces, which was formed on 1 August 2015, with the merging of the Russian Air Force and the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the reborn Russian armed forces began to be created on 7 May 1992 following Boris Yeltsin's creation of the Ministry of Defence. However, the Russian Federation's air force can trace its lineage and traditions back to the Imperial Russian Air Service (1912–1917) and the Soviet Air Forces (1918–1991).
Sinus Sabaeus quadrangle
The Sinus Sabaeus quadrangle is one of the 30 quadrangle maps of Mars created by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Astrogeology Science Center. It is designated as MC-20 (Mars Chart–20).

The Sinus Sabaeus quadrangle spans the region from 315° to 360° west longitude and 0° to 30° south latitude. It includes the prominent Schiaparelli Crater, a large, easily recognizable impact feature located near the Martian equator. The quadrangle also encompasses portions of the ancient, heavily cratered terrains of Noachis Terra and Terra Sabaea.

The name "Sinus Sabaeus" derives from a classical albedo feature named after an incense-producing region south of the Arabian Peninsula, near the Gulf of Aden.

Astrogeology Research Program
The Astrogeology Science Center is the entity within the United States Geological Survey concerned with the study of planetary geology and planetary cartography. It is housed in the Shoemaker Building in Flagstaff, Arizona. The Center was established in 1963 by Eugene Merle Shoemaker to provide lunar geologic mapping and to assist in training astronauts destined for the Moon as part of the Apollo program.

Since its inception, the Astrogeology Science Center has participated in processing and analyzing data from various missions to the planetary bodies in the Solar System, assisting in finding potential landing sites for exploration vehicles, mapping our neighboring planets and their moons, and conducting research to better understand the origins, evolutions, and geologic processes operating on these bodies.
1994 Sweden Hockey Games
The 1994 Sweden Hockey Games was played between 3 and 6 February  1994 in Stockholm, Sweden. The Czech Republic,  Sweden, Russia and  Canada played a round-robin for a total of four games per team and 10 games in total. All of the games were played in the Globen in Stockholm, Sweden. The tournament was won by Czech Republic.

Czechia men's national ice hockey team
The Czech Republic men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of the Czech Republic. Since 2021, the team has been officially known in English as Czechia. It is one of the most successful national ice hockey teams in history and a member of the so-called "Big Six", the unofficial group of the six strongest men's ice hockey nations, along with Canada, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. It is governed by the Czech Ice Hockey Association. The Czech Republic has 85,000 male players officially enrolled in organized hockey (0.8% of its population).
1893 Natal parliamentary election
Early elections to the Legislative Council were held in the Colony of Natal between 14 and 20 September 1893. They followed the proclamation of new constitution on 4 July, granting the colony responsible government. Following the election, John Robinson was appointed the colony's first Premier. The new parliament in Pietermaritzburg was opened on 19 October.

Pietermaritzburg
Pietermaritzburg (/ˌpiːtərˈmærɪtsbɜːrɡ/; Zulu: uMgungundlovu) is the capital and second-largest city in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa after Durban. It was named in 1838 and is currently governed by the Msunduzi Local Municipality.

The town was named in Zulu, after King Dingane's royal homestead uMgungundlovu. Pietermaritzburg is popularly called Maritzburg and is often informally abbreviated to PMB. It is a regionally important industrial hub, producing aluminium, timber and dairy products, and is the main economic hub of uMgungundlovu District Municipality. The public sector is a major employer in the city due to local, district and provincial government offices located here.

The city has many schools and tertiary education institutions, including a campus of the University of KwaZulu-Natal.
Stratford-Keppoch
Stratford-Keppoch (District 6) is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island, Canada. The district was contested for the first time in the 2019 Prince Edward Island general election, and was created from a portion of the former district of Stratford-Kinlock.

Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island
The Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island (French: Assemblée législative de l'Île-du-Prince-Édouard) together with the lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island form the General Assembly of Prince Edward Island. The Legislative Assembly meets at Province House, which is at the intersection of Richmond and Great George Streets in Charlottetown. Bills passed by the Assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.
1989 Nations motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1989 Nations motorcycle Grand Prix was the fifth race of the 1989 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on the weekend of 12–14 May 1989 at the Misano circuit, located near the town of Misano Adriatico (Province of Rimini) in the frazione of Santa Monica-Cella.

Province of Rimini
The province of Rimini (Italian: provincia di Rimini) is the southernmost province of the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Rimini, one of the "seven sisters" of the historical region of Romagna.

The province borders the Adriatic Sea to its northeast, the province of Forlì-Cesena to its northwest, the province of Pesaro and Urbino, in the Marche region, to its south and southeast, the independent Republic of San Marino to its south, and the province of Arezzo in Tuscany to its southwest.

The province consists of 27 comuni (sg.: comune), centred on the valleys of the Marecchia and Conca rivers. Since the transfer of nine comuni (municipalities) from Pesaro and Urbino in 2009 and 2021, the province of Rimini includes most of the historical region of Montefeltro.
Darwin: The Life of a Tormented Evolutionist
Darwin: The Life of a Tormented Evolutionist is a biography of Charles Darwin by Adrian Desmond and James Moore. It is considered one of three scholarly biographies of Darwin, along with Charles Darwin: The Man and His Influence (1996) by Peter J. Bowler and Janet Browne's two-volume biography, Charles Darwin: Voyaging (1995) and Charles Darwin: The Power of Place (2002).

Janet Browne
Elizabeth Janet Browne (née Bell; born 30 March 1950) is a British historian of science, known especially for her work on the history of 19th-century biology. She taught at the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine, University College, London, before returning to Harvard. She is currently Aramont Professor of the History of Science at Harvard University.
Niesułków-Kolonia
Niesułków-Kolonia [ɲɛˈsuu̯kuf kɔˈlɔɲa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stryków, within Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-east of Stryków, 20 km (12 mi) east of Zgierz, and 19 km (12 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Zgierz County
Zgierz County (Polish: powiat zgierski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Zgierz, which lies 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź. The county contains four other towns: Ozorków, lying 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Zgierz, Aleksandrów Łódzki, lying 9 km (6 mi) south-west of Zgierz, Głowno, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Zgierz, and Stryków, 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Zgierz.

The county covers an area of 853.71 square kilometres (329.6 sq mi). As of 2016, its total population is 165,206, out of which the population of Zgierz is 56,929, that of Ozorków is 19,809, that of Aleksandrów Łódzki is 21,380, that of Głowno is 14,534, that of Stryków is 3,477, and the rural population is 49,077.
Moses A. McLaughlin
Moses A. McLaughlin (1834–1899) was an Irish-born California Militia officer, Union Army officer, farmer, later a medical doctor.  As Captain, 2nd Regiment California Volunteer Cavalry, he is best known for his role in the 1863 Keyesville Massacre, and subsequent campaign that forced the capitulation of the Owens Valley Paiute in the Owens Valley Indian War and their removal to Fort Tejon.

2nd California Cavalry Regiment
The 2nd Regiment California Volunteer Cavalry was a cavalry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It spent its entire term of service in the western United States, with most of its companies dispersed to various posts.
Instant Cash
Instant Cash is a Canadian game show which premiered January 31, 2011 and airs on TVtropolis on Mondays at 10pm ET/PT.  It is produced and created by Cineflix. The show has a magic ATM, located in any mall in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Instant Cash does not air in HD because the channel it airs on does not have an HD version. Colleen Rusholme provides the voice of the ATM, though for the first season the ATM was originally voiced by Ally Coyote. The series is directed by Joey Case and  Joel Goldberg, and produced by Philip Whelan,  Nicole Hamilton and Marshall Jay Kaplan.

Marshall Jay Kaplan
Marshall Jay Kaplan (born July 24, 1965) is a Canadian caricaturist, award-winning director and multi-nominated TV and film producer. His notable projects include CNN's History of the Sitcom and the documentary film, Viewer Direction Advised (which played in New York, Los Angeles and Toronto film festivals). He was also the creator, executive producer and host of the celebrity-based show Totally Tracked Down.
Preseed
Preseeding is a method for automating the installation of the Debian operating system and its derivatives. Answers to installation questions, which would normally be answered interactively by an operator, are predetermined and supplied via a configuration file (and sometimes boot parameters). This is similar to unattended installations of Windows operating systems using an answer file (see Installation (computer programs)).

Many Debian-based operating systems support preseed, because it is a feature of the Debian-Installer (also known as "d-i").  For instance, although Ubuntu is commonly installed via the user-friendly Ubiquity installer, preseeding the d-i is the recommended method for automating Ubuntu installations
and for customizing install CDs.

Note that preseeding automates the operating system installation, but it does not necessarily continue to detailed configuration or application installation in the same way as Fully Automatic Installation

Fully Automatic Installation
Fully Automated Installation (FAI) is a group of shell and Perl scripts that install and configure a complete Linux distribution quickly on a large number of computers.
It's the oldest automated deployment system for Debian.
Rhynchophorus
Rhynchophorus, the palm weevils, are a genus of beetles in the weevil family, Curculionidae. Palm weevils are major pests of various trees in the family  Arecaceae throughout the tropics including: coconut (Cocos nucifera), Areca catechu, species of the genus Phoenix, and Metroxylon sagu. Two species are invasive pests outside their native ranges, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus and Rhynchophorus palmarum.

Areca catechu
Areca catechu is a species of palm native to the Philippines cultivated for areca nuts. It was carried widely through the tropics by the Austronesian migrations and trade since at least 1500 BCE due to its use in betel nut chewing. It is widespread in cultivation and is considered naturalized in much of tropical Asia and in Taiwan, southern China (Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan), Madagascar, parts of the Pacific Islands, and also in the West Indies.

Its fruits (called areca nuts or betel nuts) are chewed together with slaked lime and betel leaves for their stimulant and narcotic effects.
Arthur Wyeth
Arthur Edwin Wyeth (3 July 1887 at Melbourne, Victoria – 18 October 1971 at Brisbane, Queensland) was a cricket Test match umpire.

Wyeth umpired one Test match in 1931 between Australia and the West Indies at the Brisbane Exhibition Ground on 16 January to 20 January 1931.  Australia won by an innings with Don Bradman scoring 223, Bill Ponsford a century, and Clarrie Grimmett taking 9 wickets for the match. Wyeth's partner, James Orr, was also standing in his only Test match. Wyeth umpired eight first-class matches, all of them in Brisbane, between 1920 and 1931. The Test match was his last first-class match.

Wyeth married Nellie Bishop in Brisbane in November 1914. He worked as a draper's assistant.

Brisbane Showgrounds
The Brisbane Showgrounds (formerly known as the Brisbane Exhibition Ground) is a multi-purpose venue located in Bowen Hills, Brisbane, Australia. Established in 1875, it hosts more than 250 events each year, the largest being the Royal Queensland Show (Ekka).

The Brisbane Showgrounds was designed by Claude William Chambers and built by Walls & Juster. It is also referred to as the RNA Showgrounds, Ekka Grounds, Royal National Agricultural and Industrial Association of Queensland, Exhibition Grounds/Show Grounds, and Royal Queensland Showgrounds. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 25 July 2003.

The Brisbane Showgrounds is owned and operated by The Royal National Agricultural and Industrial Association of Queensland. Over 9 days in August, it hosts the Ekka show. Throughout the rest of the year, other events can hire spaces in the Brisbane Showgrounds.
Vulcan statue
The Vulcan statue is the largest cast iron statue in the world, and is the city symbol of  Birmingham, Alabama, United States, reflecting its roots in the iron and steel industry. The 56-foot (17 m) tall statue depicts the Roman god Vulcan, god of the fire and forge, with ironworking equipment. It was created as Birmingham's entry for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (1904 World's Fair) in St. Louis, Missouri. While it is the world's largest made of iron, it is also among the nation's tallest statues of any kind.

Iron and steel industry in the United States
The U.S. is the third-largest producer of raw steel worldwide, after China and India, and is ranked sixth in pig iron production. In 2024, the industry produced over 79 million net tons of crude steel. Approximately 25% of the steel used in the U.S. is imported.

Major steel-makers in the United States include Cleveland-Cliffs, Commercial Metals Company, Nucor, Steel Dynamics, Nippon Steel, and Carpenter Technology Corporation.

Employment as of 2014 was 149,000 people employed in iron and steel mills, and 69,000 in foundries. The value of iron and steel produced in 2014 was $113 billion. As of 2020, about 0.3% of the US population is employed by the steel industry, and by 2025 steel mills were only employing 83,600 people, making the industry a relatively small portion of US manufacturing despite outsize political influence.
Heaven (1998 film)
Heaven is a 1998 New Zealand-American psychological thriller film written and directed by Scott Reynolds. The story is based on the 1994 novel of the same name by Chad Taylor.

The film stars Martin Donovan as a struggling architect entangled in a web of divorce, gambling addiction, and clairvoyant visions. It was produced by New Zealand-based Midnight Film Productions, with substantial funding from U.S. studio Miramax Films. Filming occurred in Auckland, New Zealand, using a mix of American actors and local actors.

Richard Schiff
Richard Schiff (born May 27, 1955) is an American actor. He is best known for playing Toby Ziegler on The West Wing, a role for which he received an Emmy Award. Schiff made his television directorial debut with The West Wing, directing an episode titled "Talking Points". He is on the National Advisory Board of the Council for a Livable World. He had a recurring role on the HBO series Ballers. He had a leading role in ABC's medical drama The Good Doctor, as Dr. Aaron Glassman, and portrayed Odin in Santa Monica Studio's God of War: Ragnarök, released in 2022.
Ahmad Marvi
Ahmad Marvi (Persian: احمد مروی) (born: 1958, Mashhad) is an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric, former general and former police officer who was appointed the custodian of Astan Quds Razavi (Persian: آستان قدس رضوی) by the supreme leader of Iran, Ali Khamenei.

Before that, he was in charge of a department at the Office of the Supreme Leader of Iran responsible for contacts and communications with religious seminaries; and likewise the chief of "Estehlal Headquarters" of the "supreme leader office".

Marvi has studied fiqh/principles, and has a Ph.D. in "theology and Islamic education"; his teachers included Abolghasem Khazali, Hossein Waheed Khorasani and Mojtaba Tehrani. Marvi who is also known as "Hojjatol-Eslam Marvi"  replaced Ebrahim Raisi as the new chief custodian and trustee of the Astan Quds Razavi, (a charitable organization holding trusteeship of "Imam Reza shrine" in Mashhad) by order of Khamenei, on 30 March 2019.

Hossein Wahid Khorasani
Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Hossein Wahid Khorasani (Persian: حسین وحید خراسانی; born Mohammad-Hossein Molla-Saleh (Persian: محمدحسین ملاصالح)‎; 1 January 1921) is an Iranian author and Shia marja'.

He is the current head of the Qom Seminary. Khorasani is considered to be the most learned Shia religious authority alive by a number of scholars.
Media coverage of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Media coverage of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict has been said, by both sides and independent observers, to be biased. This coverage includes news, academic discussion, film, and social media. These perceptions of bias, possibly exacerbated by the hostile media effect, have generated more complaints of partisan reporting than any other news topic and have led to a proliferation of media watchdog groups.

Hostile media effect
The hostile media effect is the tendency for individuals with strong opinions on opposite sides of a controversial issue to both perceive identical news coverage as unfairly biased against their own position. The phenomenon was proposed and experimentally studied in 1985 by Robert Vallone, Lee Ross and Mark Lepper.
Marc Coucke
Marc Coucke (born 27 January 1965) is a Belgian businessman, billionaire and media figure. Founder of former BEL20 pharmaceutical company Omega Pharma, he has spread his business interests across several sectors including art, through his company Kamacoucka, and sports, through the co-ownership and sponsorship of the UCI ProTeam Soudal–Quick-Step cycling team, sponsorship of French Ligue 1 side Lille OSC and as major share holder of Belgian Pro League team Anderlecht.

Soudal Quick-Step
Soudal–Quick-Step (UCI team code: SOQ) is a Belgian UCI WorldTeam cycling team led by team manager Jurgen Foré. The directeurs sportifs are Davide Bramati, Iljo Keisse, Klaas Lodewyck, Wilfried Peeters, Tom Steels, Geert Van Bondt, Dries Devenyns and Kevin Hulsmans.

The team is nicknamed 'The Wolfpack' and has used the term in its branding since 2017.
Dominican Summer League Cubs
The Dominican Summer League Cubs or DSL Cubs are a rookie league affiliate of the Chicago Cubs based in the Dominican Republic playing in the Dominican Summer League. Chicago currently operates two DSL teams: the DSL Cubs Blue and DSL Cubs Red.

Dominican Summer League
The Dominican Summer League (DSL) is a Minor League Baseball league that operates in the Dominican Republic at the Rookie level, which is the lowest grade below Major League Baseball (MLB). The league was founded in 1985. Teams are owned and operated by MLB franchises.

The league's season typically begins in early June, with each team playing a 72-game schedule, and ends in mid-August. Since the demise of the Venezuelan Summer League after the 2015 season, it is the only Latin America-based rookie league. The start of the 2020 season was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the season being cancelled entirely on 30 June. The start of the 2021 season was delayed until 12 July, with the season ultimately concluding on 2 October with no postseason.