hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Finite algebra
In abstract algebra, an associative algebra  over a ring  is called finite if it is finitely generated as an -module. An -algebra can be thought as a homomorphism of rings , in this case  is called a finite morphism if  is a finite -algebra.

Being a finite algebra is a stronger condition than being an algebra of finite type.

Module (mathematics)
In mathematics, a module is a generalization of the notion of vector space in which the field of scalars is replaced by a (not necessarily commutative) ring. The concept of a module also generalizes the notion of an abelian group, since the abelian groups are exactly the modules over the ring of integers.

Like a vector space, a module is an additive abelian group, and scalar multiplication is distributive over the operations of addition between elements of the ring or module and is compatible with the ring multiplication.

Modules are very closely related to the representation theory of groups. They are also one of the central notions of commutative algebra and homological algebra, and are used widely in algebraic geometry and algebraic topology.
Phil Harrison (pool player)
Phil "The Farmer" Harrison is an English pool player from Cambridgeshire. In 2009 he was WEPF World Champion of English 8-ball pool, and finished as the runner-up in 2011, 2017 and 2018. Phil is currently sponsored by Criteria Cars, a family run car dealership in Ely.

Pool (cue sports)
Pool is a group of cue sports played on a billiard table. The table has six pockets along the rails, into which balls are shot. Of the many different pool games, the most popular include: eight-ball, blackball, nine-ball, ten-ball, seven-ball, straight pool, one-pocket, and bank pool. Eight-ball is the most frequently played discipline of pool, and it is often thought of as synonymous with "pool".

The generic term pocket billiards is sometimes also used, and favored by some pool-industry bodies, but is technically a broader classification, including games such as snooker, Russian pyramid, and kaisa, which are not referred to as pool games. There are also hybrid games combining aspects of both pool and carom billiards, such as American four-ball billiards, bottle pool, cowboy pool, and English billiards.
Noh Tae-won
Noh Tae-won (Korean: 노태원; born August 4, 1957) is a South Korean physicist and director of the Center for Correlated Electron Systems (CCES) in the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) at Seoul National University (SNU). He has published more 400 papers and been cited 15,000 times. He is a member of the Materials Research Society, Korean Optical Society, Korean Crystallographic Society, and Association of Asia Pacific Physical Societies and been on several editorial boards for journals. In 2017, he became president of the Korean Dielectrics Society. In 2024, he became the 9th president of the Korea Institute for Advanced Study.

Korean Physical Society
The Korean Physical Society is a non-profit scientific society created to provide a forum for academic exchange among scholars and researchers in the field of Physics.

The organization, was founded in Busan in 1952 during the Korean War.  In 2020, membership levels were around 15,000.  Within the organization, there are twelve topic-specific divisions, including Particle and Field Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Astrophysics.

The society publishes several journals, including its flagship Journal of the Korean Physical Society, published by Springer Publishing.  The journal covers all fields of physics, ranging from statistical physics and condensed matter physics to particle physics.

The Korean Physical Society has Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs) with several other scientific associations, including the Japan Society of Applied Physics and the American Physical Society.
Shamshad Ahmad
Shamshad Ahmad (Urdu: شمشاد احمد) (born 10 December 1941) is a veteran Pakistani diplomat, international relations expert and an author who served in BPS-22 grade as the Foreign Secretary of Pakistan from 1997 to 2000. He also served as the Permanent Representative of Pakistan to the United Nations between 2000 till 2002. Shamshad Ahmad also was the Pakistan's ambassador to South Korea and Iran.

He currently writes a weekly column for English daily The News International (newspaper). Before that, he was a regular contributor to The Nation (Pakistan) (newspaper). He also writes occasionally for the Dawn (newspaper) and The Express Tribune (newspaper) – all of them Pakistani newspapers.

The Express Tribune
The Express Tribune is a daily English-language newspaper based in Pakistan. It is the flagship publication of the Lakson Group media group. It is Pakistan's only internationally affiliated newspaper in a partnership with the International New York Times, the global edition of The New York Times.

Headquartered in Karachi, it also publishes from offices in Lahore, Islamabad, and Peshawar.
Jesse Hunter
Billy Ray Dungy II (born January 14, 1959), known professionally as Jesse Hunter, is an American country music artist.

Hunter signed to BNA Records in 1994, the same year that he released his Barry Beckett-produced debut album A Man Like Me. The album produced three chart singles in "Born Ready," "The Way She's Lookin'" and "Long Legged Hannah (From Butte, Montana)," his highest-charting single at No. 42 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts. "Born Ready" and "Long Legged Hannah" also charted on the RPM country charts in Canada. Michael Hight of New Country magazine gave Hunter's debut album a three-and-a-half star rating out of five, comparing his voice to Johnny Cash's and saying "the renegade nature[…]positions him as a folk hero who has lived and learned and is ready to talk about it."

Dungy has not recorded professionally since. As of 2021, he resides in Watertown, Tennessee, and has written local theatre productions.

BNA Records
BNA Records, formerly known as BNA Entertainment, was a label group that shared ties with Arista Nashville and RCA Nashville from parent company Sony Music Nashville, which itself is a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment. Based in Nashville, Tennessee, BNA featured country music acts on its roster. The company derived its name from the IATA and ICAO airport codes for Nashville International Airport.

The label was founded by Boomer Castleman, who sold it to BMG Music in 1993. The first act signed was B. B. Watson.

In August 2011, Sony Nashville announced a major corporate restructuring which included the merger of Columbia Nashville into BNA. The BNA name was retired in June 2012, with the last remaining artists moving to a newly re-established Columbia Nashville.
Triathlon England
Triathlon England is the national governing body and membership association for triathlon, duathlon and other multisports in England. It is a member of the British Triathlon Federation, the other members being Triathlon Scotland and Welsh Triathlon.

Triathlon England aims to promote and develop the sports of triathlon, duathlon and other multisports in England, and to encourage participation in them. Triathlon England has developed a club structure for triathlon and is responsible for competitions—including the Triathlon England National Championships and Regional Junior Series—and for team selection and training of the England representative squad for international competitions.

Multi-sport event
A multi-sport event is an organized sporting event, often held over multiple days, featuring competition in many different sports among organized teams of athletes from (mostly) nation-states. The first major, modern, multi-sport event of international significance was the Olympic Games, first held in modern times in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, one of a number of such events held in antiquity. Most modern multi-sport events have the same basic structure. Games are held over the 
course of several days in and around a "host city", which changes for each competition. Countries send national teams to each competition, consisting of individual athletes and teams that compete in a wide variety of sports.  Athletes or teams are awarded gold, silver or bronze medals for first, second and third place respectively. Each game is generally held every four years, though some are annual competitions.
The Fort Dearborn Massacre Monument
The Fort Dearborn Massacre Monument, also known as Potawatomi Rescue and Black Partridge Saving Mrs. Helm, is an 1893 bronze sculpture by Carl Rohl-Smith (1848–1900) that was installed in Chicago, in the U.S. state of Illinois.  The statue is about nine feet (three meters) in height.  It depicts Black Partridge, a Potawatomi chief, saving the life of Margaret Helm, the wife of a U.S. army officer,  during the Battle of Fort Dearborn in 1812.

The Fort Dearborn Massacre Monument is not to be confused with Defense, a 1928 bas relief sculpture by Henry Hering.  Defense also depicts a scene from the Battle of Fort Dearborn, and is located on the side of the southwest bridgehouse of the DuSable Bridge, at the corner of Michigan Avenue and Wacker Drive, the former location of Fort Dearborn.

Wacker Drive
Wacker Drive is a multilevel street in Chicago, Illinois, running along the south bank of the main branch and the east bank of the south branch of the Chicago River through the Chicago Loop. Much of the roadway is double-decked: the upper level carries regular vehicular traffic, while Lower Wacker Drive accommodates service vehicles, including delivery trucks, waste collection, and utility access.

Because the street follows the curved course of the Chicago River, Lower Wacker Drive is the only roadway in the city that carries both north–south and east–west address designations. In certain sections there is a third level, sometimes referred to as Lower Lower Wacker Drive or Sub-Lower Wacker Drive. This level is primarily used for vehicle towing and impound operations, utility infrastructure, and railroad maintaince   access.

Wacker Drive is named for early 20th-century Chicago businessman and city planner Charles H. Wacker.
Stephen Wilhelm
Stephen Wilhelm (19 April 1919, Imperial, California – 15 July 2002, Walnut Creek, California) was a professor of plant pathology, known for his success in controlling Verticillium wilt. His research on plant hybridization and soil fumigation contributed to revolutionary developments in the strawberry and raspberry industries.

Fumigation
Fumigation is a method of pest control or the removal of harmful microorganisms by completely filling an area with gaseous pesticides, or fumigants, to suffocate or poison the pests within. It is used to control pests in buildings (structural fumigation), soil, grain, and produce. Fumigation is also used during the processing of goods for import  or export to prevent the transfer of exotic organisms.

Structural fumigation targets pests inside buildings (usually residences), including pests that inhabit the physical structure itself, such as woodborers and drywood termites. Commodity fumigation, on the other hand, is also to be conducted inside a physical structure, such as a storage unit, but it aims to eliminate pests from infesting physical goods, usually food products, by killing pests within the container which will house them.

Each fumigation lasts for a certain duration. This is because after spraying the pesticides, or fumigants, only the pests around are eradicated.
The Bond Boy
The Bond Boy is a lost 1922 American silent drama film directed by Henry King and starring Richard Barthelmess. It was produced by Barthelmess and Charles Duell and released through Associated First National Pictures.

First National Pictures
First National Pictures was an American motion picture production and distribution company. It was founded in 1917 as First National Exhibitors' Circuit, Inc., an association of independent theatre owners in the United States, and became the country's largest theater chain. Expanding from exhibiting movies to distributing them, the company reincorporated in 1919 as Associated First National Theatres, Inc., and Associated First National Pictures, Inc. In 1924 it expanded to become a motion picture production company as First National Pictures, Inc., and became an important studio in the film industry. In September 1928, control of First National passed to Warner Bros., into which it was completely absorbed on November 4, 1929. A number of Warner Bros. films were thereafter branded First National Pictures until July 1936, when First National Pictures, Inc., was dissolved.
Ambegaon taluka
Ambegaon taluka is a taluka in Shirur subdivision of Pune district of state of Maharashtra in India. One of the twelve most revered Shiva temples or Jyotirlinga, the Bhimashankar Temple is in Khed taluka. But due to Bhimashankar Sanctuary, the road is through Ambegaon taluka.

Jyotirlinga
A Jyotirlinga (transl. lingam of light) or Jyotirlingam is a devotional representation of the Hindu god Shiva. The word is a Sanskrit compound of jyotis ('radiance') and linga ('sign'). The Śiva Mahāpurāṇam (also Shiva Purana) mentions 64 original jyotirlinga shrines in India.
Diaosi
Diaosi (Chinese: 屌丝; pinyin: Diǎo Sī; lit. 'dick hair') is a Chinese slang and internet buzzword, often used in a sarcastic and self-deprecating manner, that refers to a young male of mediocre appearance and social standing. Born into a humble family, he has no car, no house, and no connections. Yet as the term went viral on the Internet, Chinese youth (regardless of sex) from all backgrounds began to embrace it. It is slowly transforming into a descriptor of the ordinary Chinese citizen who faces everyday struggles and hardships.

Self-deprecation
Self-deprecation is the act of reprimanding oneself by belittling, undervaluing, disparaging oneself, or being excessively modest. It can be used as a way to make complaints, express modesty, invoke optimal reactions or add humour. It may also be used as a way for individuals to appear more likable and agreeable.
Adolphus Sparrow
Adolphus James Sparrow (10 May 1869 – 6 September 1936) was an English first-class cricketer and Royal Navy sailor.

Sparrow was born in May 1869 at Alverstoke, Hampshire. Sparrow was a bandsman in the Royal Navy, serving on board HMS Immortalité at Sheerness Dockyard. He later played first-class cricket for Hampshire, making a single appearance against Leicestershire at Southampton in the 1902 County Championship. Batting once in the match, he made a single run in Hampshire's only innings from the middle order, before being dismissed by John King. Sparrow remained in Sheerness after leaving the navy, and would be resident there for thirty years. He died in hospital at Minster in September 1936.

County Ground, Southampton
The County Ground in Southampton, England, was a cricket and football ground. It was the home of Hampshire County Cricket Club from the 1885 English cricket season until the 2000 English cricket season. The ground also served as the home ground for Southampton Football Club from 1896 to 1898.
Francis Reichelderfer
Francis Wilton Reichelderfer (August 6, 1895 – January 26, 1983), also known as “Reich”, presided over a revolutionary era in the history of the Weather Bureau.  He trained as a U.S. Navy pilot and from 1922 to 1928, was appointed Chief of Navy Aerology because of his meteorological and aviation experience. In 1931, he was assigned to the Bergen School of Meteorology. From 1938 to 1963, Reich directed the Weather Bureau and brought modern technology to weather forecasting.

Jacob Bjerknes
Jacob Aall Bonnevie Bjerknes (/ˈjɑːkəb ˈbjɜːrknɪs/ YAH-kəb BYURK-niss, Norwegian: [ˈjɑ̀ːkɔb ˈbjæ̂rkneːs]; 2 November 1897 – 7 July 1975) was a Swedish-born Norwegian-American meteorologist. He is known for his key paper in which he pointed the dynamics of the polar front, mechanism for north-south heat transport and for which he was also awarded a doctorate from the University of Oslo.

Born in Stockholm, Sweden, he was the son of  the Norwegian meteorologist Vilhelm Bjerknes, one of the pioneers of modern weather forecasting. He helped develop the Norwegian cyclone model. He earned a Ph.D. from the University of Oslo in 1924. Bjerknes was part of the team that made the first crossing of the Arctic in the airship Norge. During WWII, he helped the US with the planning of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings. He also helped gain an understanding of the weather phenomenon El Niño.
Collinsonia anisata
Collinsonia anisata, commonly known as southern horsebalm and anise horsebalm, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family (Lamiaceae). It is endemic to eastern North America, where it occurs in rich, mesic forests and woodland habitats.

Nearctic realm
The Nearctic realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface.

The Nearctic realm covers most of North America, including Greenland, Central Florida, and the highlands of Mexico. The parts of North America that are not in the Nearctic realm include most of coastal Mexico, southern Mexico, southern Florida, coastal central Florida, Central America, Bermuda and the Caribbean islands. Together with South America, these regions are part of the Neotropical realm.
Loan deficiency payments
In United States agriculture policy, loan deficiency payments (LDP) are a farm income support program first authorized by the Food Security Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-198) that makes direct payments, equivalent to marketing loan gains, to producers who agree not to obtain nonrecourse loans, even though they are eligible. Loan deficiency payments are available under the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 101-171, Sec. 1205) for wheat, corn, grain sorghum, barley, oats, upland cotton, rice, soybeans, other oilseeds, wool, mohair, honey, dry peas, lentils, and small chickpeas.

Producer Option Payment (POP) is the original name for the loan deficiency payment (LDP). This phrase continues to be used by some farmers.

Food Security Act of 1985
The Food Security Act of 1985 (P.L. 99–198, also known as the 1985 U.S. Farm Bill), a five-year omnibus farm bill, allowed lower commodity price, income supports, and established a dairy herd buyout program. This 1985 farm bill made changes in a variety of other USDA programs. Several enduring conservation programs were created, including sodbuster, swampbuster, and the Conservation Reserve Program.
Ram Run
Ram Run (Persian: رمرون, also Romanized as Ram Rūn; also known as Rameh Ran and Rameh Rūn) is a village in Barez Rural District, Manj District, Lordegan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 201, in 37 families.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (Persian: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Shahr-e Kord. The province lies in the southwest of the country, with an area of 16,332 square kilometers.

The province was classified as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province lies in the heart of the Zagros Mountains, a mountain range that stretches across north-western Iran and forms a natural barrier between Iran and Iraq.
South Stone School House
The South Stone School House is a historic school building at Main Street and Quarry Road in Isle La Motte, Vermont.  Built in 1843, it served the town as a district school until 1932, and has served as home to its historical society since then.  It was probably built by James Ritchie, a noted local Scottish immigrant mason, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

Isle La Motte
Isle La Motte (French: Île La Motte) is an island in Lake Champlain in northwestern Vermont, United States. At 7 mi (11 km) by 2 mi (3 km), it lies close to the place that the lake empties into the Richelieu River. It is incorporated as a New England town in Grand Isle County. Its population was 488 at the 2020 census.

The island is named after a French soldier, Pierre La Motte, who built a military outpost on the island in 1666. The island's population significantly increases in the summer months. The island is the site of Fort Sainte Anne, Saint Anne's Shrine, the Methodist Episcopal Church of Isle La Motte, the Fisk Quarry and Goodsell Ridge Preserves, the Isle La Motte Elementary School, and the Isle La Motte Lighthouse.
Tuxedo Comedies
Tuxedo Comedies were a brand of short comedy films in the United States. Comedian Al St. John appeared in and directed  many of them after his three years with Fox Film doing Sunshine Comedies (see Al St. John filmography for details). They were produced by Reel Comedies. Educational Pictures distributed.

Tuxedo Comedies are 2-reeler silent films produced from 1923 until 1929 and comedy films with sound produced from 1929 until 1931 and 1935 to 1936.

The films were budgeted at around $10,000 each. Educational Pictures' Mermaid Comedies were higher budget and it also had a budget line of cheaper 1-reel comedies in the Cameo Comedies line.

Wallace Lupino was one of the feature performers. Tuxedo was a Jack White Productions brand.

Al St. John filmography
Al St. John (1893–1963) was an American comic actor who appeared in 394 films between 1913 and 1952. Starting at Mack Sennett's Keystone Film Company, St. John rose through the ranks to become one of the major comedy stars of the 1920s, though less than half of his starring roles still survive today. With the advent of sound drastically changing and curtailing the two-reel comedy format, St. John diversified, creating a second career for himself as a comic sidekick in Western films and ultimately developing the character of "Fuzzy Q. Jones", for which he is best known in posterity.
James Rankin (lighthouse keeper)
James Rankin (February 20, 1844 – January 5, 1921) was a lighthouse keeper in the United States.

A native of Killashee, County Longford, Ireland, Rankin emigrated to the United States in 1867. He served in the U.S. Lighthouse Service as the keeper of East Brother Island Light in California from 1877 to 1878. He then transferred to Fort Point Light in San Francisco, where he remained for 40 years, until retiring in 1919. During his tenure he was credited with saving the lives of 18 people.

Rankin died in Antioch, California, where he had moved soon after retiring.

In 1997, the United States Coast Guard named a 175 ft buoy tender USCGC James Rankin (WLM-555) in his honor. Its homeport is Curtis Bay, Baltimore.

County Longford
County Longford (Irish: Contae an Longfoirt) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster. It is named after the town of Longford. Longford County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 46,634 at the 2022 census. The county is based on the historic Gaelic territory of Annaly (Anghaile), formerly known as Teffia (Teathbha).