hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wakapau
The Arawak village of Wakapau (or Wakapoa) is located in the Pomeroon-Supenaam Region of Guyana, on the Wakapau River, a tributary on the west bank of the Pomeroon River, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from its mouth. The name originates from the Lokono word ‘Wakokwãn’, which means pigeon. The village is composed of twenty inhabited islands. Some of the islands only contain a single family.

Wakapau was one of the ten original "Indian reservations" of British Guiana. and is an example of an Amerindian community that still speaks its tribal language and practices  traditional Arawak culture. The community consists of island settlements in the swamps surrounded by forests. The economy is based on logging, subsistence farming and boat services.

It has three primary and one secondary school.

Pomeroon River
The Pomeroon River (also Río Pomerón or Pomaron) is located in Guyana, South America, situated between the Orinoco and the Essequibo rivers. The area has long been inhabited by Lokono people. The Pomeroon River is also one of the deepest rivers in Guyana.

Pomeroon is within the Guyana coastal plain and the area is populated with mangrove swamp vegetation. Siriki Creek is an estuary of the Pomeroon River. The mouth of the river has been deflected from pouring straight into the Atlantic ocean by a sandy spit that redirects the river to the northwest via the Cozier Canal.
Garnes (surname)
Garnes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antoinette Garnes (about 1887–1938), American soprano singer

Chelen Garnes (born 2000), American football player

JoLynn Garnes, American film editor

Kåre Garnes (born 1954), Norwegian jazz musician

Leo Garnes (born 1968), Barbadian long-distance runner

Paul Garnes, American film and television producer

Sam Garnes (born 1974), American football player

Sherman Garnes (1940–1977), American singer

Kåre Garnes
Kåre Garnes (born 8 November 1954 in Bergen, Norway) is a Norwegian jazz musician (upright bass), known for his collaborations with Bergen jazz legends like Dag Arnesen, Knut Kristiansen, Per Jørgensen, Olav Dale and Ole Thomsen, and in a series of Norwegian jazz bands.
Izunagaoka, Shizuoka
Izunagaoka (伊豆長岡町, Izu-Nagaoka-chō) was a town located in Tagata District, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan in northern Izu Peninsula.

As of March 1, 2005, the town had an estimated population of 15,339 and a density of 928.5 persons per km2. The total area was 16.52 km2. The town was served by a station on the Izuhakone Railway.

On April 1, 2005, Izunagaoka, along with the towns of Nirayama and Ōhito (all from Tagata District), was merged to create the city of Izunokuni and thus it no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Izu-Nagaoka was established on April 1, 1889 as Kawanishi Village. It was renamed Izunagaoka Town on November 3, 1934.

Municipalities of Japan
Municipalities are a level of administration in Japan. The country has three levels of governments: national, prefectural, and municipal.

The nation is divided into 47 prefectures (within these, one metropolis, one regional prefecture, and two urban prefectures). Each prefecture consists of numerous municipalities, with 1,718 in total as of October 2018.

There are four types of municipalities in Japan: cities (市, shi), towns (町, chō), villages (村, son) and special wards of Tokyo (区, ku). In Japanese, this system is known as shikuchōson (市区町村), where each kanji in the word represents one of the four types of municipalities. In Tokyo, because the wards are at the center, the system is officially referred to as kushichōson (区市町村), with the wards first, and cities second.

Some designated cities also have further administrative subdivisions, also known as wards, but, unlike the special wards of Tokyo, these wards are not municipalities.
Joe Tetteh
Joe Tetteh (10 December 1941 – 20 April 2002) born in Accra was a Ghanaian professional super feather/light/light welterweight boxer of the 1950s, '60s and '70s who won the Ghanaian featherweight title, and inaugural British Commonwealth light welterweight title, and was a challenger for the West African featherweight title against Lat Shonibare, British Commonwealth featherweight title against Floyd Robertson, and All African lightweight title Ould Makloufi, his professional fighting weight varied from 127+1⁄4 lb (57.7 kg; 9 st 1.3 lb), i.e. super featherweight to 139+1⁄2 lb (63.3 kg; 9 st 13.5 lb), i.e. light welterweight.

Tetteh fought around the world as a professional boxer, including in Sweden, Australia, New Zealand, Italy, the United Kingdom—where he fought frequently—Spain and France. In his last bout as a professional, he boxed Ken Buchanan, being knocked out in three rounds by the Scottish future world champion and member of the International Boxing Hall of Fame.

Inauguration
In government and politics, inauguration is the process of swearing a person into office and thus making that person the incumbent. Such an inauguration commonly occurs through a formal ceremony or special event, which may also include an inaugural address by the new official.

The word inauguration stems from the Latin augur, which refers to the rituals of ancient Roman priests seeking to interpret if it was the will of the gods for a public official to be deemed worthy to assume office.
Yugsky
Yugsky (Russian: Югский) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Kichmegnskoye Rural Settlement, Kichmengsko-Gorodetsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,076 as of 2002. There are 12 streets.

Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast (Russian: Вологодская область, romanized: Vologodskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [vəlɐˈɡotskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]; Veps: Vologdan agj) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is Vologda. The oblast has a population of 1,202,444 (2010 Census). The largest city is Cherepovets, the home of the Severstal metallurgical plant, the largest industrial enterprise in the oblast.

Vologda Oblast is home to many historic monuments, such as the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Monastery (a World Heritage Site) with the frescoes of Dionisius, the two medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, and the baroque churches of Totma and Ustyuzhna.

Large reserves of wood and fresh water are the main natural resources.
Little Stukeley
Little Stukeley is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of The Stukeleys, in Cambridgeshire, England. Little Stukeley lies approximately 3 miles (5 km) north-west of Huntingdon. Little Stukeley is situated within Huntingdonshire which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county of England. In 1931 the parish had a population of 209.

The Alconbury Weald development is taking place near Little Stukeley.

Council Tax
Council Tax is a local taxation system used in England, Scotland and Wales. It is a tax on domestic property, which was introduced in 1993 by the Local Government Finance Act 1992, replacing the short-lived Community Charge (also known as "poll tax"), which in turn had replaced the domestic rates. Each property is assigned one of eight bands in England and Scotland (A to H), or nine bands in Wales (A to I), based on property value, and the tax is set as a fixed amount for each band. The higher the band, the higher the tax. Some property is exempt from the tax, and some people are exempt from the tax, while some get a discount.

In 2011, the average annual levy on a property in England was £1,196 (equivalent to £1,841 in 2023). In 2014–15, the tax raised enough money to cover 24.3% of council expenditure.

Council Tax is difficult to avoid or evade and therefore has one of the highest collection rates of any tax, with in-year collection rates of 97.0% in 2014–15.
Castberg
Castberg is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Frede Castberg (1893–1977), Norwegian jurist

Johan Castberg (1862–1926), Norwegian jurist and politician

Johan Christian Castberg (1911–1988), Norwegian illustrator and painter

Johan Christian Tandberg Castberg (1827–1899), Norwegian politician

Leif Castberg (1876–1950), Norwegian lawyer and politician

Oscar Castberg (1846–1917), Norwegian painter and sculptor

Peter Atke Castberg (1779–1823), Danish professor

Peter Harboe Castberg (banker) (1844–1926), Norwegian banker

Peter Hersleb Harboe Castberg (1794–1858), Norwegian priest and politician

Torgrim Castberg (1874–1928), Norwegian violinist

Frede Castberg
Frede Castberg (4 July 1893 – 4 November 1977) was a Norwegian jurist. The son of Johan Castberg, he served as professor and rector at the University of Oslo as well as president of The Hague Academy of International Law.
2012 China Open (snooker)
The 2012 Bank of Beijing China Open was a professional ranking snooker tournament that took place between 26 March and 1 April 2012 at the Beijing University Students' Gymnasium in Beijing, China.

Judd Trump was the defending champion, but he lost in the quarter-finals 3–5 against Stephen Lee.

Mark Selby withdrew from his second round match against Ding Junhui due to a neck injury.

Peter Ebdon won his ninth and final ranking title by defeating Stephen Maguire 10–9 in the final.

Beijing University Students' Gymnasium
39°58′07″N 116°20′57″E﻿ / ﻿39.9686833°N 116.34907826°E﻿ / 39.9686833; 116.34907826

Beijing University Students Gymnasium (simplified Chinese: 北京大学生体育馆; traditional Chinese: 北京大學生體育館; pinyin: Běijīng Dàxuéshēng Tǐyùguǎn) is an indoor arena located in 11 N 3rd Ring Road W, Haidian District, Beijing, China. It is affiliated to the Capital Institute of Physical Education in Beijing, China. The gymnasium has a floor space of 12,000 square metres and 4,200 seats. The gymnasium was built in 1988 and hosted the basketball events of the 1990 Asian Games. Currently the stadium is hosting the annual snooker event of China Open.

It is necessary to point out that the Chinese name of Beijing University Students' Gymnasium (北京大学生体育馆) is only one character away from Peking University Gymnasium (北京大学体育馆), which are so similar that easily cause confusion by foreigners.
Michał Zych
Michał Zych (Polish pronunciation: [ˈmixaw ˈzɨx]; born 28 May 1982 in Gdynia) is a Polish former competitive ice dancer. With Aleksandra Kauc, he is a three-time Polish national champion and the 2004 Golden Spin of Zagreb silver medalist. The duo competed in the final segment at three European Championships, three World Championships, and the 2006 Winter Olympics.

Golden Spin of Zagreb
The Golden Spin of Zagreb (Croatian: Zlatna pirueta Zagreba) is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Croatian Skating Federation (Croatian: Hrvatski klizački savez) at the Klizalište Velesajam in Zagreb, Croatia. The competition debuted in 1967 when Zagreb was part of Yugoslavia. It was suspended in 1991 owing to the Croatian War of Independence, but continued as a Croatian event beginning in 1992. When the ISU launched the Challenger Series in 2014, the Golden Spin of Zagreb was one of the inaugural competitions. It has been a Challenger Series event ever since, except for 2020, when it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Medals are awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance; and when the event is part of the Challenger Series, skaters earn World Standing points based on their results.
Doxbin (darknet)
Doxbin was an onion service in the form of a pastebin used to post or leak (often referred to as doxing) personal data of any person of interest.

Due to the illegal nature of much of the information it published (such as social security numbers, bank routing information, and credit card information, all in plain text), it was one of many sites seized during Operation Onymous, a multinational police initiative, in November 2014.

Pastebin
A pastebin or text storage site is a type of online content-hosting service where users can store plain text (e.g. source code snippets or error logs). The most well-known pastebin is the eponymous pastebin.com, created in 2002. Many sites with similar functionality now exist, and several open source pastebin applications are available for self-hosting.

Text storage websites such as Pastebin allows users to create accounts in order to manage and organize their content. After registering, users can create and store  multiple text entries , commonly referred to as "pastes". Account holders typically have the ability to edit or delete their stored content at any time. Many platforms also provide privacy options, allowing users to set their pastes as public or private depending on their preferences.

Pastebins may provide additional features such as commenting, rendering markup (e.g. Markdown, ReStructuredText), or version control.
Simbirsk Governorate
Simbirsk Governorate (Russian: Симбирская губерния, romanized: Simbirskaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 to 1928. Its administrative center was in the city of Simbirsk, renamed Ulyanovsk in 1924 (likewise, Simbirsk Governorate was named Ulyanovsk Governorate).

Ulyanovsk
Ulyanovsk, known as Simbirsk until 1924, is a city and the administrative center of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Volga River 705 kilometers (438 mi) east of Moscow. Ulyanovsk has been the only Russian UNESCO City of Literature since 2015.

The city was the birthplace of Vladimir Lenin (born Ulyanov), for whom it was renamed after his death in 1924; and of Alexander Kerensky, the leader of the Russian Provisional Government which Lenin overthrew during the October Revolution of 1917. It is also famous for its writers such as Ivan Goncharov, Nikolay Yazykov and Nikolay Karamzin, and for painters such as Arkady Plastov and Nikas Safronov.
Allan James Foley
Allan James Foley (7 August 1837 – 10 October 1899), distinguished 19th century Irish bass opera singer, was born at Cahir, County Tipperary. In accordance with the prevailing preference for Italian artists, he changed the spelling (but not the pronunciation) of his name and was always known as 'Signor Foli.'

His family emigrated, and Foli spent much of his youth in Hartford, Connecticut. Originally a carpenter, he studied singing under Bisaccia at Naples and made his first appearance at Catania in 1862. From the Paris Opéra he was engaged by Mapleson for the season of 1865, and made his London debut as St Bris in Les Huguenots. In the absence of Antonio Giuglini the company toured in late 1865 with Mario as principal tenor in Manchester, Dublin, Belfast and Liverpool. In January–April 1866 Mapleson split the company into two parties for a very extensive British provincial tour, Foli joining the ensemble of Mario, Grisi and Lablache under Arditi.

Mario (tenor)
Giovanni Matteo de Candia (17 October 1810 – 11 December 1883), known by the pseudonymous mononym Mario, was an Italian opera singer. The most celebrated tenor of his era, he was lionized by audiences in Paris and London. He was the partner and husband of fellow opera singer Giulia Grisi.
Terminator (solar)
A terminator or twilight zone is a moving line that divides the daylit side and the dark night side of a planetary body. The terminator is defined as the locus of points on a planet or moon where the line through the center of its parent star is tangent. An observer on the terminator of such an orbiting body with an atmosphere would experience twilight due to light scattering by particles in the gaseous layer.

Ionosphere
The ionosphere (/aɪˈɒnəˌsfɪər/) is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about 48 km (30 mi) to 965 km (600 mi) above sea level, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation. It plays an important role in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere. It has practical importance because, among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on Earth. Travel through this layer also impacts GPS signals, resulting in effects such as deflection in their path and delay in the arrival of the signal.
HMS Shakespeare
Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Shakespeare, after poet and playwright William Shakespeare:

HMS Shakespeare (1917) was a Thornycroft type flotilla leader launched in 1917. She was handed over to the breakers in part-payment for RMS Majestic in 1936, and was scrapped.

HMS Shakespeare (P221) was an S-class submarine launched in 1941 and sold in 1946.

British S-class submarine (1931)
The S-class submarines of the Royal Navy were originally designed and built during the modernisation of the submarine force in the early 1930s to meet the need for smaller boats to patrol the restricted waters of the North Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, replacing the British H-class submarines. As part of the major naval construction for the Royal Navy during the Second World War, the S class became the single largest group of submarines ever built for the Royal Navy. A total of 62 were constructed over a period of 15 years, with fifty of the "improved" S class being launched between 1940 and 1945.

At the start of the Second World War the S class was together with the British U and T class, Dutch O 21 class and German Type VII one of the most advanced submarine classes in service at the time.
Experimental uncertainty analysis
Experimental uncertainty analysis is a technique that analyses a derived quantity, based on the uncertainties in the experimentally measured quantities that are used in some form of mathematical relationship ("model") to calculate that derived quantity. The model used to convert the measurements into the derived quantity is usually based on fundamental principles of a science or engineering discipline.

The uncertainty has two components, namely, bias (related to accuracy) and the unavoidable random variation that occurs when making repeated measurements (related to precision). The measured quantities may have biases, and they certainly have random variation, so what needs to be addressed is how these are "propagated" into the uncertainty of the derived quantity. Uncertainty analysis is often called the "propagation of error."

Bias
Bias is a disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea or thing, usually in a way that is inaccurate, closed-minded, prejudicial, or unfair. Biases can be innate or learned. People may develop biases for or against an individual, a group, or a belief. In science and engineering, a bias is a systematic error. Statistical bias results from an unfair sampling of a population, or from an estimation process that does not give accurate results on average.
Salima Salih
Salima Salih (Arabic: سالمة صالح; born 1942) is an Iraqi short story writer, translator, and artist, from the city of Mosul. She is well known for her articles that advocate human rights, especially women's rights. She has published many of literary works, including a novel, The Year of Cancer, and a collection of short stories, The Transformations. She wrote for Alef Ba’ and Al-Shabab magazines, and was nominated as one of the members of Al-Multaqa prize committee for short Arabic stories.

American University in Cairo Press
The American University in Cairo Press (AUCP, AUC Press) is the leading English-language publisher in the Middle East.

The largest translator of Arabic literature in the world, AUC Press has a reputation for carefully selecting and translating the best writing being produced in the language today. They are the publisher of the Nobel prize winning Egyptian novelist, Naguib Mahfouz.

The press is currently a member of the Association of University Presses.
Bingata
Bingata (Okinawan: 紅型) is a traditional stencilled resist dyeing technique originating in Okinawa Prefecture. Bingata typically features a busy pattern of repeating nature motifs such as fish, flowers and fauna in a number of bright colours. Bingata is worn during traditional Ryukyuan festivals and traditional arts performances.

Bingata dates from the Ryūkyū Kingdom period (14th century), when the island of Okinawa experienced an influx of foreign goods and manufacturing techniques. It is believed to have developed as a synthesis of Indian, Chinese, and Javanese dyeing processes.

Okinawan festivals and observances
This is an overview of Ryukyuans' traditional festivals and observances. The Ryukyuan culture is noted for extreme diversity. The following list is based on south-central Okinawa, and may not be applied to northern Okinawa. Amami, Miyako and Yaeyama hold substantially different festivals and observances.

Unless otherwise noted, dates are according to the traditional lunisolar calendar. The categories below ("January - May" and "June - December") are artificial, created for ease of article navigation.
The Spot, New South Wales
The Spot is a locality in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, south-east of the CBD. The Spot is located in the south-eastern part of the suburb of Randwick, around the intersection of Perouse Road and St Pauls Street. It is a vibrant part of Randwick and consists of a collection of shops, restaurants, cafes and a cinema.

The Spot is a heritage conservation area and has many heritage listed buildings, such as the Ritz Cinema and Pan Arcadian House, a 1930s Masonic Temple and most notably the facade of shops on the corner of Perouse Road and St Pauls Street which follows a curved pattern, necessary for the tram route which used to extend to Coogee Beach.

The Royal Hotel and Randwick shopping centre are a short distance away. The area is well served by public transport with regular Transdev John Holland buses from the central business district and Bondi Junction.

Randwick City Council
The City of Randwick is a local government area in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Randwick is the second-oldest local government area in New South Wales after the City of Sydney being established by proclamation in the New South Wales Government Gazette on 23 February 1859 as the Municipality of Randwick. It comprises an area of 36 square kilometres (14 sq mi) and as per the 2021 census had a population of 134,252.

The mayor of the City of Randwick is Cr. Dylan Parker, a member of the Australian Labor Party, who was elected on 8 October 2024.
Jonathan Sykes (engineer)
Jonathan Sykes is an Engineering Services Manager at Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories (SEL) in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Sykes graduated from the University of Arizona in 1982 and since that time has worked in electric power industry at System Protection and Test and at Pacific Gas and Electric Company in San Francisco, California, where he also served as senior manager. During the 1990s, he was with RTU/SCADA systems in Arizona and in 2000 became an inventor of IEC 61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Events messaging. In 2019, Sykes became a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). He has served as secretary of the IEEE Power and Energy Society.

IEC 61850
IEC 61850 is an international standard defining communication protocols for intelligent electronic devices at electrical substations. It is a part of the International Electrotechnical Commission's (IEC) Technical Committee 57 reference architecture for electric power systems. The abstract data models defined in IEC 61850 can be mapped to a number of protocols. Current mappings in the standard are to Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS), Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) [see section 3, Terms and definitions, term 3.65 on page 14], SV (Sampled Values) or SMV (Sampled Measure Values), and so on to web services. In the previous version of the standard, GOOSE stood for "Generic Object Oriented Substation Event", but this old definition is still very common in IEC 61850 documentation.