hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shank (meat)
A meat shank or shin is the portion of meat around the tibia of the animal, the leg bone beneath the knee and shoulder.

Lamb shanks are often braised whole; veal shanks are typically cross-cut.

Some dishes made using shank include:

Bulalo, a Filipino beef shank stew.

Ossobuco alla milanese, an Italian veal shank dish.

Persian biryani, with different shanks.

Nihari, a spicy national dish of Pakistan and a popular dish in North India and Bangladesh with origin in Delhi, India.

Cazuela with beef shank meat, popular in 19th-century Chile during the nitrate boom.

Portuguese Bifana can be several kind of meats in a bun, but "the real thing" is considered to be "febras de porco", pork shanks.

Cazuela
Cazuela (pronounced [kaˈθwela] or [kaˈswela]) is the common name given to a variety of dishes, especially from South America. It receives its name from the cazuela (Spanish for 'cooking pot')—traditionally, an often shallow pot made of unglazed earthenware used for cooking. The ingredients and preparation vary from region to region, but it is usually a mid-thick flavoured stock obtained from cooking several kinds of meats and vegetables mixed together.
Franco (singer)
Franco Javier Iglesias, better known mononymously as Franco (born 14 December 1959) is a Cuban Latin pop singer. He achieved two number-one songs on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart with his cover of "Toda la Vida in 1986 and "María" in 1988. The latter song received a Lo Nuestro nomination for Pop Song of the Year in 1989.

Mononym
A mononym is a name composed of only one word. An individual who is known and addressed by a mononym is a mononymous person.

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

In other cases, a person may select a single name from their polynym or adopt a mononym as a chosen name, pen name, stage name, or regnal name. A popular nickname may effectively become a mononym, in some cases adopted legally. For some historical figures, a mononym is the only name that is still known today.
Sociology of Manchester
Manchester has historically influenced political and social thinking in Britain and been a hotbed for new, radical thinking, particularly during the Industrial Revolution.

The city was a centre for the women's suffrage, Co-operative, Communist, Chartist, and Anti-Corn Law movements. Friedrich Engels largely based The Condition of the Working Class in England on his observations of Manchester.

Anti–Corn Law League
The Anti–Corn Law League was a successful political movement in Great Britain aimed at the abolition of the unpopular Corn Laws, which protected national farming interests by levying taxes on imported wheat, thus raising the price of bread at a time when factory-owners were trying to cut wages. The League was a middle-class nationwide organisation that held many well-attended rallies on the premise that a crusade was needed to convince parliament to repeal the corn laws. Its long-term goals included the removal of feudal privileges, which it denounced as impeding progress, lowering economic well-being, and restricting freedom.

The League played little role in the final act in 1846, when Sir Robert Peel led the successful battle for repeal. However, its experience provided a model that was widely adopted in Britain and other democratic nations to demonstrate the organisation of a political pressure group with the popular base.
Stephen Shore
Stephen Shore (born October 8, 1947) is an American photographer known for his images of scenes and objects of the banal, and for his pioneering use of color in art photography. His books include Uncommon Places (1982) and American Surfaces (1999), photographs that he took on cross-country road trips in the 1970s.

In 1975 Shore received a Guggenheim Fellowship. In 1971, he was the first living photographer to be exhibited at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, where he had a solo show of black and white photographs.  He was selected to participate in the influential group exhibition "New Topographics: Photographs of a Man-Altered Landscape", at the International Museum of Photography at the George Eastman House (Rochester, New York), in 1975–1976 which helped to define the New Topographics
genre.

In 1976 he had a solo exhibition of color photographs at the Museum of Modern Art. In 2010 he received an Honorary Fellowship from the Royal Photographic Society.

Mapfre
Mapfre, S.A. (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmafɾe], officially typeset MAPFRE) is a Spanish multinational insurance company, based in Majadahonda, Madrid. The name comes from the old mutual origin of the company (Mutualidad de la Agrupación de Propietarios de Fincas Rústicas de España), but the company now only refers to itself as Mapfre. It is the leading insurance company in Spain and the largest non-life insurance company in Latin America.

The company purchased Webster, Massachusetts–based Commerce Insurance Group, a major provider of vehicle insurance, for over €1.5 billion in October 2007. Mapfre was listed in the Fortune Global 500 list on its 2008 edition. Rafael Nadal is officially sponsored by the company.

In October 2010, Mapfre acquired British travel insurance provider InsureandGo for an undisclosed sum.  The company was sold again in 2021.

In March 2012, Antonio Huertas took over as Mapfre's chairman from José Manuel Martínez, who had held the role since 2001.
Philodendron tatei
Philodendron tatei is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae. It is native to wet tropical areas of northern Brazil, Guyana, Peru, and Venezuela. A climber, there appears to be a cultivar, 'Congo'.

Araceae
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3,750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
WSFW
WSFW (1110 kHz) is an AM radio station broadcasting a Christian talk and teaching radio format. Licensed to Seneca Falls, New York, United States, the station is currently an owned-and-operated station of CSN International.  Some of the national religious leaders heard on WSFW include Adrian Rogers, David Jeremiah and James Dobson.

Because AM 1110 is a clear channel frequency reserved for Class A stations WBT Charlotte and KFAB Omaha, WSFW is a daytimer and must go off the air at sunset to avoid interference.  Programming is heard around the clock over a 200-watt FM translator, W296DI on 107.1 MHz.

1110 AM
The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 1110 kHz: 1110 AM is a U.S. clear-channel frequency as defined by the Federal Communications Commission. KFAB Omaha and WBT Charlotte share Class A status on this frequency.
Playing with Fire (Spacemen 3 album)
Playing with Fire is the third studio album by Spacemen 3, released in February 1989. The original CD version included two live bonus tracks recorded in the Netherlands, and an ensuing release on Taang! Records included two more b-sides from the "Revolution" single. A reissued version from 2001 has an entire extra disc of demos and rarities.

Taang! Records
Taang! Records is an independent record label with a roster of hardcore punk, punk rock, Oi!, power pop, ska, indie rock, psychedelic, and ambient artists and bands founded by Curtis Casella in Boston, Massachusetts in 1983.
Babuyan Claro Volcano
Babuyan Claro Volcano, also known as Mount Pangasun, is an active volcano located on Babuyan Island, the northernmost of the Babuyan group of islands in Luzon Strait, north of the main island of Luzon in the Philippines. It is classified as one of the active volcanoes of the country with the last confirmed eruption in 1860.

The volcano is politically located in the similarly-named Barangay of Babuyan Claro, in the Municipality of Calayan, Cagayan province, in the Cagayan Valley Region (Region II) of the country.

Cagayan Valley
Cagayan Valley (Ilocano: Tanap ti Cagayan; Filipino: Lambak ng Cagayan; Spanish: Valle del Cagayán), designated as Region II, is an administrative region in the Philippines. Located in the northeastern section of Luzon, it is composed of five Philippine provinces: Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, and Quirino. The region hosts four chartered cities: Cauayan, Ilagan, Santiago, and Tuguegarao (the regional center and largest city).

Most of its land area lies in the valley between the Cordilleras and the Sierra Madre mountain ranges. The eponymous Cagayan River, the country's largest and longest, runs through the region, flows from the Caraballo Mountains, and ends in Aparri. Cagayan Valley is the second-largest Philippine administrative region by land area. According to a literacy survey in 2019, 93% of Cagayan Valley's citizens (ages 10 to 64) are functionally literate, which is 5th out of the 17 regions of the Philippines.
Alexander Remezkov
Alexander Alexandrovich Remezkov (Russian: Александр Александрович Ремезков; born 7 April 1962 in Urgench, Xorazm Region) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 6th, 7th, and 8th State Dumas.

At the beginning of the 1990s, Remezkov engaged in business. From 1994 to 1998, he worked as financial director of the enterprise Association Eksim. In 1998, he was elected deputy of the Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Krai. In 2001, he was appointed head of the administration of Krasnodar Krai. In 2002-2008, he was the Vice Governor of the Krasnodar Krai Alexander Tkachev. In 2008, he headed the Krasnodar regional branch of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs. From 2011 to 2016, he served as deputy of the 6th State Duma from the Krasnodar Krai constituency. In 2016 and 2021, he was re-elected deputy of the 7th and 8th State Dumas.

Urgench
Urgench (Uzbek: Urganch/Урганч/اورگنج, pronounced [urɡæntʃ]; Russian: Ургенч, romanized: Urgench; Persian: گرگانج, romanized: Gorgânj) is a district-level city in western Uzbekistan. It is the capital of Xorazm Region. The estimated population of Urgench in 2021 was 145,000, an increase from 139,100 in 1999. It lies on the Amu Darya River and the Shavat canal. The city is situated 450 km (280 mi) west of Bukhara across the Kyzylkum Desert.
Planetoid (comics)
Planetoid is a comic first released in June 2012 by Image Comics, written and drawn by Ken Garing. The main character is Silas, a deserter turned space pirate who ends up the sole survivor of his crew and crashes on a planetoid in alien territory, where he must fight off various mechanical creatures, cyborg militias, and the alien military which has a bounty on him.

Desertion
Desertion is the abandonment of a military duty or post without permission (a pass, liberty or leave) and is done with the intention of not returning. This contrasts with unauthorized absence (UA) or absence without leave (AWOL /ˈeɪwɒl/), which are temporary forms of absence.
Ricardo Liddie
Ricardo Liddie (born 5 February 1966) he is a retired athlete from  Saint Kitts and Nevis.

He was part of the first team to represent Saint Kitts and Nevis at the Olympic Games when he competed at the 1996 Summer Olympic Games in the 4 x 100 metres relay. The relay team finished fourth in its heat so did not advance to the next round. He also competed in the relay at the 1995 World Championships in Athletics where the team finished 24th.

Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay
These are the official results of the men's 4 × 100 metres relay event at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. There were 37 nations competing. Canada won the gold medal with the United States claiming the silver and Brazil taking the bronze.
Costa del Sol Airport
Costa del Sol Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto Costa del Sol), (ICAO: SCSO) is an airport serving communities on the west shore of Rapel Lake in the O'Higgins Region of Chile. The airport is 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) upstream of the Rapel Dam.

There is rising terrain north through east. The southeast end of the runway is 140 metres (460 ft) from the water, which is 40 metres (130 ft) lower.

Rapel Dam
The Rapel Dam is an arch dam on the Rapel River about 19 km (12 mi) north of La Estrella in the Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region, Chile. The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power generation and it supports a 377 MW power station. The dam was completed in 1968 and is owned by Endesa. It creates the largest reservoir in Chile with a capacity of 700,000,000 m3 (567,499 acre⋅ft). The dam withstood the 7.5 Mw 1985 Rapel Lake earthquake with only minor damage. It was centered 45 km (28 mi) from the dam.
Mortimer Ewen
Mortimer Ewen (5 September 1816 – 1887) was an English cricketer.  Ewen's batting and bowling styles are unknown.  He was born at Lodsworth, Sussex.

Ewen made his first-class debut for Sussex against Kent in 1839.  He made five further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1843.  In his six first-class matches for Sussex, he scored 61 runs at an average of 6.77, with a high score of 23.  With the ball, he took 3 wickets, though his bowling average and best figures are unknown due to incomplete records.  He also made a single first-class appearance for Petworth in 1844 against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Petworth Park New Ground.  He ended Petworth's first-innings unbeaten on 13, while in their second-innings he was dismissed for 7 runs by William Hillyer.  Petworth won this low scoring match by 3 wickets.

He died at Midhurst, Sussex in 1887.

Midhurst
Midhurst (/ˈmɪdhɜːrst/) is a market town and civil parish in the Chichester District in West Sussex, England. It lies on the River Rother, 20 miles (30 km) inland from the English Channel and 12 miles (19 km) north of Chichester.

The name Midhurst was first recorded in 1186 as Middeherst, meaning "Middle wooded hill", or "(place) among the wooded hills". It derives from the Old English words midd (adjective) or mid (preposition), meaning "in the middle", plus hyrst, "a wooded hill".

The Norman St. Ann's Castle dates from about 1120, although the foundations are all that can now be seen. The castle, the parish church of St. Mary Magdalene and St. Denis, together with South Pond, the former fish-pond for the castle, are the only three structures left from this early period. The parish church is the oldest building in Midhurst. Just across the River Rother, in the parish of Easebourne, is the ruin of the Tudor Cowdray House.
Tom and Jerry: Santa's Little Helpers
Tom and Jerry: Santa's Little Helpers is a 2014 animated direct-to-DVD special starring Tom and Jerry and the Christmas special of The Tom and Jerry Show, produced by Warner Bros. Animation. It was made available as part of a 2-disc DVD set of the same name, which also contains 29 other Tom and Jerry cartoons and episodes from Tom and Jerry Tales, on October 7, 2014.

On August 13, 2020, it was announced that the special would be released on Blu-ray as paired with Tom and Jerry: A Nutcracker Tale on October 27, 2020.

The Tom and Jerry Show (2014 TV series)
The Tom and Jerry Show is an American animated comedy television series produced by Warner Bros. Animation and Turner Entertainment Co., and animated by Renegade Animation. Based on the characters and theatrical cartoons created by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, the series premiered on Teletoon in Canada on March 1, 2014, and on Cartoon Network in the United States on April 9, 2014. It also aired on Boomerang in the U.S., which became its primary network starting in 2017.

The fourth season premiered on February 1, 2021, on Boomerang SVOD and the Cartoon Network app, while the fifth season was released on the Cartoon Network app and Boomerang on February 1 and 15, 2021, respectively. The fifth season was later removed from the service.

Following the conclusion of the series, HBO Max launched Tom and Jerry Special Shorts and Tom and Jerry in New York, the latter debuting on July 1, 2021.
Parasite experiment
In experimental physics, and particularly in high energy and nuclear physics, a parasite experiment or parasitic experiment is an experiment performed using a big particle accelerator or other large facility, without interfering with the scheduled experiments of that facility.  This allows the experimenters to proceed without the usual competitive time scheduling procedure.  These experiments may be instrument tests or experiments whose scientific interest has not been clearly established.

Experimental physics
Experimental physics is the category of disciplines and sub-disciplines in the field of physics that are concerned with the observation of physical phenomena and experiments. Methods vary from discipline to discipline, from simple experiments and observations, such as experiments by Galileo Galilei, to more complicated ones, such as the Large Hadron Collider.
WBTV-LP
WBTV-LP (99.3 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve the community of Burlington, Vermont. The station is owned by Vermont Community Access Media (VCAM). It airs a variety radio format.

The station was assigned the WBTV-LP call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on December 2, 2014. It signed on September 8, 2017, though its programming had already been available through an Internet radio feed for nearly a year.

2014 in radio
The following is a list of events affecting radio broadcasting in 2014. Events listed include radio program debuts, finales, cancellations, and station launches, closures and format changes, as well as information about controversies.
A. T. Ariyaratne
Sri Lankabhimanya Ahangamage Tudor Ariyaratne (Sinhala: අහන්ගමගේ ටියුඩර් ආරියරත්න; 5 November 1931 – 16 April 2024) was a Sri Lankan activist, founder and president of the Sarvodaya Shramadana Movement. He was nominated to the Constitutional Council as a civil representative on 10 September 2015. He received the Jamnalal Bajaj Award in 1991.

University of Sri Jayewardenepura
The University of Sri Jayewardenepura (also known as Jayawardhanapura University or USJ; Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ජයවර්ධනපුර විශ්වවිද්‍යාලය, romanized: Çri Jayawardhanapura Wishwawidyala, Tamil: ஸ்ரீ ஜயவர்தனபுர பல்கலைக்கழகம்) is a public university in Sri Lanka. It is in Gangodawila, Nugegoda, near Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte, the country's administrative capital. It was formed in 1958 from the Vidyodaya Pirivena, a Buddhist educational centre which was founded in 1873 by Hikkaduwe Sri Sumangala Thera.
CGK Reddy
Cattamanchi Gopala Krishnamoorthy Reddy (12 January 1921 – 26 December 1994), commonly referred to as CGK Reddy, was an Indian activist, freedom fighter and politician. He was the first general manager of the Deccan Herald, a business manager at The Hindu, editor of Prajavani, founder director of the Research Institute of Newspaper Development (RIND), in Taramani, Chennai (now the Press Institute of India) and former president of The Indian Newspaper Society. During the Emergency, he collaborated closely with George Fernandes, notably as part of the Baroda dynamite case. He helped to found the People's Union for Civil Liberties, and served as President of the Karnataka chapter.

Press Institute of India
Press Institute of India (PII) is a non-profit organization that was founded in 1963 for the development of standards of journalism in India. It conducts workshops on development journalism, women empowerment and child rights, national security, foreign policy and plain writing-reporting-editing. First founded in New Delhi, PII later shifted to the Research in Newspaper Development (RIND) office in the C. P. T. Campus, Taramani, Chennai. Its present director is journalist-editor Sashi Nair.
Herder-Gymnasium Minden
The Herder-Gymnasium is a gymnasium in the German city of Minden. It is one of three gymnasium schools in the city. Founded in 1964 as the Städtischen neusprachlichen Gymnasiums für Jungen und Mädchen, it was renamed three years later after the theologian Johann Gottfried Herder.

Its full name is the Herder-Gymnasium Minden mit Caroline−von–Humboldt–Gymnasium, reflecting its 1989 merger with the Caroline-von-Humboldt-Gymnasium, founded in 1826 and named after Caroline von Humboldt, wife of the diplomat Wilhelm.

Wilhelm von Humboldt
Friedrich Wilhelm Christian Karl Ferdinand von Humboldt (22 June 1767 – 8 April 1835) was a Prussian philosopher, linguist, government functionary, diplomat, and founder of the Humboldt University of Berlin. In 1949, the university was named after him and his younger brother, Alexander von Humboldt, a naturalist.

He was a linguist who made contributions to the philosophy of language, ethnolinguistics, and to the theory and practice of education. He made a major contribution to the development of liberalism by envisioning education as a means of realizing individual possibility rather than a way of drilling traditional ideas into youth to suit them for an already established occupation or social role. In particular, he was the architect of the Humboldtian education ideal, which was used from the beginning in Prussia as a model for its system of public education, as well as in the United States and Japan. He was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1822.
Boende Airport
Boende Airport (IATA: BNB, ICAO: FZGN) (French: Aéroport de Boende) is an airport serving the town of Boende in Tshuapa Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

The Boende non-directional beacon (Ident: 'BDE) is located 2.3 nautical miles (4.3 km) west-southwest of the airport.

Tshuapa
Tshuapa is one of the 21 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created in the 2015 repartitioning. Tshuapa, Équateur, Mongala, Nord-Ubangi, and Sud-Ubangi provinces are the result of the dismemberment of the former Équateur province.  Tshuapa was formed from the Tshuapa District whose town of Boende was elevated to capital city of the new province.
Fancy (band)
Fancy were an early-mid-1970s pop group. The band was made up of session musicians produced by Mike Hurst. They had a surprise US hit single in 1974 with a version of the classic "Wild Thing", peaking at #14 on the Billboard Hot 100, #9 in Canada, and #31 in Australia. They also had a second US hit with "Touch Me", peaking at #19, #58 in Canada, and #97 in Australia. They were initially fronted by Penthouse Pet Helen Caunt and later Annie Kavanagh. Ray Fenwick, formerly of The Spencer Davis Group, joined Fancy in 1974. Fancy's song "Feel Good" from the album Wild Thing has been sampled over one hundred times, most notably by the Beastie Boys on the song "3-Minute Rule" off their album Paul's Boutique (1989). Les Binks, later of Judas Priest, played drums on Fancy's releases.

Penthouse (magazine)
Penthouse is a men's magazine founded in London by American Bob Guccione, with the first UK issue appearing in March 1965. An American edition was launched in September 1969 and became Guccione's flagship. Other national editions, published under franchise, came and went. Guccione challenged Playboy with a more provocative editorial line and more revealing nude photography.

Unable to compete with the internet, the UK edition folded in 1999 (an attempt to revive it in 2001 was short-lived). The U.S. edition tried to adapt by switching to hardcore content between 1997 and 2004. Returning to softcore under new ownership in 2005, it continued to appear with diminishing frequency (there were five issues in 2020). The last printed issue of the U.S. edition appeared in 2023, although the current owner of the masthead, Los Angeles–based Penthouse World Media, said a year later that it would return. It remains in limbo.