hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Duke of Soma
Duke of Soma (Spanish: Duque de Soma) is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1502 by Ferdinand II to Ramón Folch de Cardona, 11th Baron of Bellpuig and 1st Count of Oliveto, for his services as viceroy of Sicily.

The name makes reference to the town of Somma Vesuviana, in Naples, Italy.

Spanish nobility
The Spanish nobility are people who possess a title of nobility confirmed by the Spanish Ministry of the Presidency, Justice and Relations with the Cortes, as well as those individuals appointed to one of Spain's three highest orders of knighthood: the Order of the Golden Fleece, the Order of Charles III and the Order of Isabella the Catholic. Some members of the Spanish nobility possess various titles that may be inherited or not, but the creation and recognition of titles is legally the prerogative of the monarchy of Spain.

Many Spanish titles and noble families still exist and many have transmitted their aristocratic status since the Middle Ages. Some aristocratic families in Spain use the nobiliary particle de before their family name, although this was more prominent before the 20th century.
Greek submarine Poseidon
At least two ships of the Hellenic Navy have borne the name Poseidon (Greek: Ποσειδών), after the ancient Greek god of the sea Poseidon:

Greek submarine Poseidon (S-78) a Gato-class submarine launched as USS Lapon in 1942 she was renamed on transfer to Greece in 1957. She was stricken in 1976.

Greek submarine Poseidon (S-116) a Type 209 submarine commissioned in 1979.

Gato-class submarine
The Gato class of submarines were built for the United States Navy and launched in 1941–1943. Named after the lead vessel of the class, USS Gato, they were the first mass-produced U.S. submarine class of World War II.

The Gatos, along with the closely related Balao and Tench classes that followed, accounted for most of the Navy's World War II submarines; they destroyed much of the Japanese merchant marine and a large portion of the Imperial Japanese Navy. In some references, the Gatos are combined with their successors, especially the Balao class.

Gato's name comes from a species of small catshark. Like most other U.S. Navy submarines of the period, boats of the Gato class were given the names of aquatic creatures.
Luigi Torchi (inventor)
Luigi Torchi was an Italian inventor. He invented the first direct multiplication machine in 1834. This was also the second key-driven machine in the world, following that of James White in 1822.

Very little is known about the inventor and the machine. It is only known that he was a carpenter; his machine was awarded a gold medal from the Imperial-regio istituto lombardo di scienze, lettere e arti in Milan in 1834. A document of the award provides the known details of the machine, while a second document shows a drawing of the machine itself. However, no detailed documents about how it worked are known to exist.

The machine was exhibited in Brera between 1834 and 1837; it was later found by Giovanni Schiaparelli in bad condition. Subsequently, no further information about the machine exists.

Giovanni Schiaparelli
Giovanni Virginio Schiaparelli ForMemRS HFRSE (/ˌskæpəˈrɛli, ˌʃæp-/ SKAP-ə-REL-ee, SHAP-, US also /skiˌɑːp-/ skee-AHP-, Italian: [dʒoˈvanni virˈdʒiːnjo skjapaˈrɛlli]; 14 March 1835 – 4 July 1910) was an Italian astronomer and science historian. Schiaparelli established the Martian system of nomenclature still in use today; before him, features of the planet bore the names of contemporary astronomers, similar to the lunar map of van Langren that preceded that of Hevelius.
Margaret Creek
Margaret Creek is a stream and state waterway in Athens and Meigs Counties, Ohio. Along with Monday, Sunday, and Federal Creeks, Margaret Creek is a principal tributary to the Hocking River. The confluence with the Hocking River is on the west side of the city of Athens, Ohio. The stream was named after Margaret Snowden, the first white woman settler in Athens County.

Athens, Ohio
Athens is a city in Athens County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 23,849 at the 2020 United States census.  Located along the Hocking River within Appalachian Ohio about 65 miles (105 km) southeast of Columbus, Athens is best known as the home of Ohio University, a large public research university with an undergraduate and graduate enrollment of more than 21,000 students. It is the principal city of the Athens micropolitan area.
Robert Goodloe
Robert Goodloe (1936–2024) was an American baritone who was committed to the Metropolitan Opera in New York City from 1964 until 1982 where he gave nearly a thousand performances. While primarily a comprimario performer at the Met, he did portray some leading roles; including Eisenstein in Die Fledermaus, Enrico in Lucia di Lammermoor, Marcello in La bohème, and Sharpless in Madama Butterfly. In 1966 he created the role of Thidias in the world premiere of Samuel Barber's Antony and Cleopatra for the grand opening of the Metropolitan Opera House at Lincoln Center. His performances are preserved on several recordings made for Live from the Metropolitan Opera and the Metropolitan Opera radio broadcasts.

The Barber of Seville
The Barber of Seville, or The Useless Precaution (Italian: Il barbiere di Siviglia, ossia L'inutile precauzione [il barˈbjɛːre di siˈviʎʎa osˈsiːa liˈnuːtile prekautˈtsjoːne]) is an opera buffa (comic opera) in two acts composed by Gioachino Rossini with an Italian libretto by Cesare Sterbini. The libretto was based on Pierre Beaumarchais's French comedy The Barber of Seville (1775). The premiere of Rossini's opera (under the title Almaviva, o sia L'inutile precauzione) took place on 20 February 1816 at the Teatro Argentina, Rome, with designs by Angelo Toselli.

Rossini's Barber of Seville is considered to be one of the greatest masterpieces of comedy within music, and has been described as the opera buffa of all "opere buffe". After two centuries, it remains a popular work.
Étienne Bacrot
Étienne Bacrot (French pronunciation: [etjɛn bakʁo]; born 22 January 1983) is a French chess grandmaster, and as a child, a chess prodigy.

He competed at the Candidates Matches in 2007 and won the Aeroflot Open in 2009. He passed 2700 FIDE rating in 2004 and in January 2005 he became the first French player to enter the top 10.

Bacrot won an individual bronze medal at the 37th Chess Olympiad in 2006 for his performance on board one, as well as four medals at the World Team Championships.

Chess prodigy
A chess prodigy is a young child who possesses an aptitude for the game of chess that far exceeds what might be expected at their age. Their prodigious talent will often enable them to defeat experienced adult players and even titled chess masters. Some chess prodigies have progressed to become grandmasters or even World Chess Champions.
Bulan (song)
"Bulan" (lit. transl. Moon), is a song by Filipino singer, songwriter, and producer Felip also known by his stage name Ken, released on May 28, 2022. He wrote the song and produced it with Joshua Daniel Nase. It is a R&B, hip hop-produced song which contains Bisayan word, makes a commentary on modern life through the myth of the Bicolano moon deity, Bulan. Felip uses the story of Bulan as a metaphor for crab mentality.

It premiered on YouTube on May 28, 2022. The music video features the sand dunes of Paoay and the Graciano Cliffs along Cape Bojeador in Ilocos Norte as the backdrop for the battle between darkness and light, taking inspiration from the deities and mythological creatures of pre-colonial times. The "Bulan" MV takes us on a journey to this world as Felip uses ancient Filipino lore as a metaphor for how he chooses to respond to the negativity he receives.

Cape Bojeador
Cape Bojeador (Filipino: Cabo Bojeador) is the northwestern tip of the island of Luzon in the Philippines. It is a headland on the South China Sea coast of the municipality of Burgos, Ilocos Norte, some 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Laoag. The cape is best known for its Spanish lighthouse, the most visited lighthouse in the country and a favorite shooting venue for local movies and television series.
Madame Sans-Gêne (1945 film)
Madame Sans-Gêne is a 1945 Argentine historical comedy film of the classical era of Argentine cinema, directed by Luis César Amadori and starring Niní Marshall, Eduardo Cuitiño and Herminia Franco. It is based on the 1893 play Madame Sans-Gêne by Victorien Sardou and Émile Moreau. The film's sets were designed by the art director Hans Jacoby.

Hans Jacoby (art director)
Hans Jacoby (1898–1967) was a German art director who designed the film sets for many German productions. He worked for a number of companies during the Weimar Era, notably Bavaria Film, Terra Film and Universum Film AG. Of Jewish background, he emigrated to Austria following the Nazi takeover in Germany, where he worked  on The Eternal Mask (1935). He later emigrated to Argentina where he worked under the name Juan Jacoby Renard and also directed one film Sombras en el río in 1939. He was employed by the Argentina Sono Film company.
Joseph Palmer (priest)
Joseph Palmer (1749–1829) was an Irish Anglican priest in the late 18th century and the first decades of the 19th.

Matriculating at Exeter College, Oxford in 1766, aged 16, he graduated B.A. in 1770, and M.A. in 1772. He was ordained as deacon on 25 September 1774 by Bishop Frederick Keppel to the office of curate at Langtree on a stipend of £40 per year. He was ordained as priest of St James Parish Church by Bishop Jonathan Shipley on 5 May 1776.

He was Chancellor of Ferns from 1779 to 1802. In 1787  he became Dean of Cashel  and in 1802 Precentor of Waterford,  holding both posts until his death on 2 May 1829.

Exeter College, Oxford
Exeter College (in full: The rector and Scholars of Exeter College in the University of Oxford) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England, and the fourth-oldest college of the university.

The college was founded in 1314 by two brothers from Devon, Bishop Walter Stapledon and Sir Richard Stapledon, as an institution to educate clergy, and has been located on Turl Street since 1315. At its foundation Exeter was popular with sons of the Devon gentry, though it has since become associated with a much broader range of notable alumni, including Raymond Raikes, William Morris, J. R. R. Tolkien, Richard Burton, Roger Bannister, Alan Bennett, and Philip Pullman.
William Walter (MP for Peterborough)
Sir William Walter (about Jan. 1574–1632), of Wimbledon, Surrey, was an English Member of Parliament (MP).

He was a Member of the Parliament of England for Lichfield in 1628, for Peterborough in 1614 and for Ludgershall in 1628.

Ludgershall (UK Parliament constituency)
Ludgershall was a parliamentary borough in Wiltshire, England, which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1295 until 1832, when the borough was abolished by the Great Reform Act.

Ludgershall is a town 16 miles (26 km) north-east of Salisbury. The population was 535 in 1831.
Giovenale Boetto
Giovenale Boetto (1604 in Fossano– 1678 in Fossano) was a Piedmontese fresco painter who flourished at Turin, Italy from 1642 to 1678. He was principally employed in embellishing the palaces and public edifices at Turin, at that time capital of Duchy of Savoy, with allegorical subjects. Among his works are twelve frescoes in the Casa Garballi representing subjects emblematical of the Arts and Sciences. Luigi Lanzi affirms that he excelled as an engraver.

Another noteworthy work is the church of Saint Francis Xavier in Mondovì.

Mondovì
Mondovì (Italian pronunciation: [mondoˈvi]; Piedmontese: Ël Mondvì [əl mʊŋdˈvi], Latin: Mons Regalis) is a town and comune (township) in Piedmont, northern Italy, about 80 kilometres (50 mi) from Turin. The area around it is known as the Monregalese.

The town, located on the Monte Regale hill, is divided into several rioni (ancient quarters): Piazza (the most ancient), Breo, Pian della Valle, Carassone, Altipiano, Borgato and Rinchiuso, lower, next to the Ellero stream, developed from the 18th century when industries developed in Mondovì and when it was reached by the railway.

The Funicolare di Mondovì, a funicular railway reopened in 2006, links Breo with Piazza.

It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mondovì.
Brigitte van der Burg
Brigitte Ingrid van der Burg (born 7 April 1961 in Tanga, Tanzania) is a Dutch politician. As a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie) she was an MP between 30 November 2006 and 23 March 2017. She focused on matters of the Dutch Royal House, local government finance, youth policy, organization of the Dutch government, consultancy and Kingdom relations.

Van der Burg studied human geography with a specialization in developing countries at Utrecht University.

Youth
Youth is the time of life when one is young. The word, youth, can also mean the time between childhood and adulthood (maturity), but it can also refer to one's peak, in terms of health or the period of life known as being a young adult. Youth is also defined as "the appearance, freshness, vigor, spirit, etc., characteristic of one, who is young". Its definitions of a specific age range varies, as youth is not defined chronologically as a stage that can be tied to specific age ranges; nor can its end point be linked to specific activities, such as taking unpaid work, or having sexual relations.

Youth is an experience that may shape an individual's level of dependency, which can be marked in various ways according to different cultural perspectives. Personal experience is marked by an individual's cultural norms or traditions, while a youth's level of dependency means the extent to which they still rely on their family emotionally and economically.
KAMA (AM)
KAMA (750 kHz) is a commercial radio station in El Paso, Texas. It is owned by 97.5 Licensee TX, LLC, and operated by Pro Radio LLC. It airs a mix of Spanish hot adult contemporary music with syndicated hot talk shows for listeners in the El Paso metropolitan area and across the border in Ciudad Juárez.

By day, KAMA is powered at 10,000 watts. But at night, to avoid interfering with other stations, it reduces power to 1,000 watts. AM 750 is a clear channel frequency reserved for Class A WSB Atlanta, KFQD Anchorage and CBGY Newfoundland. That requires KAMA to use a directional antenna at all times with a two-tower array in the daytime and four towers at night. Programming on KAMA is also heard on 99-watt FM translator K224FC at 92.7 MHz.

Tower array
A tower array is an arrangement of multiple radio towers which are mast radiators in a phased array. They were originally developed as ground-based tracking radars. Tower arrays can consist of free-standing or guyed towers or a mix of them. Tower arrays are used to constitute a directional antenna of a mediumwave or longwave radio station.

The number of towers in a tower array can vary.
In many arrays all towers have the same height, but there are also arrays of towers of different height. The arrangement can vary. For directional antennas with fixed radiation pattern, linear arrangements are preferred, while for switchable directional patterns (usually for daytime groundwave versus nighttime skywave), square arrangements are chosen.
Toreador Song
The Toreador Song, also known as the Toreador March or March of the Toreadors, is the popular name for the 1875 aria "Votre toast, je peux vous le rendre" ("I return your toast to you"), from the French opera Carmen, composed by Georges Bizet to a libretto by Henri Meilhac and Ludovic Halévy. It is sung by the bullfighter (French: toréador) Escamillo as he enters in act 2 and describes various situations in the bullring, the cheering of the crowds and the fame that comes with victory. The refrain, "Toréador, en garde", forms the middle part of the prelude to act 1 of Carmen.

Bullring
A bullring is an arena where bullfighting is performed. Bullrings are often associated with the Iberian Peninsula, but they can also be found through Iberian America and in a few Spanish and Portuguese ex-colonies in Africa. Bullrings are often historic and culturally significant centres that bear many structural similarities to the Roman amphitheatre.
Shardlow
Shardlow is a village in Derbyshire, England about 6 miles (9.7 km) southeast of Derby and 11 miles (18 km) southwest of Nottingham. Part of the civil parish of Shardlow and Great Wilne, and the district of South Derbyshire, it is also very close to the border with Leicestershire, defined by the route of the River Trent which passes close to the south. Just across the Trent is the Castle Donington parish of North West Leicestershire.

An important late 18th-century river port for the trans-shipment of goods to and from the River Trent to the Trent and Mersey Canal, during its heyday from the 1770s to the 1840s it became referred to as "Rural Rotterdam" and "Little Liverpool". Today Shardlow is considered Britain's most complete surviving example of a canal village, with over 50 Grade II listed buildings and many surviving public houses within the designated Shardlow Wharf Conservation Area.

North West Leicestershire
North West Leicestershire is a local government district in Leicestershire, England. The towns in the district include of Ashby-de-la-Zouch, Castle Donington, Coalville (where the council is based) and Ibstock. Notable villages in the district include Donington le Heath, Ellistown, Hugglescote, Kegworth, Measham, Shackerstone, Thringstone and Whitwick.

Castle Donington is notable as the location of Donington Park, a grand-prix circuit and a major venue for music festivals. The area has a long history of mineral extraction, with coal, brick clay, gravel and granite amongst the products. All the deep coal mines in the area have closed, but opencast mining still continues. The district is also home to part of the Battlefield Line and the Ibstock Brick.

The neighbouring districts are Charnwood, Hinckley and Bosworth, North Warwickshire, Lichfield, South Derbyshire, Erewash and Rushcliffe.
Faccio
Faccio is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adele Faccio (1920–2007), Italian politician

Franco Faccio (1840–1891), Italian opera composer and conductor

Nicolas Faccio (1664–1753), Swiss mathematician; alternative name for Nicolas Fatio de Duillier

Ricardo Faccio (1907–1970), Uruguayan-Italian football player

Ricardo Faccio
Ricardo Gregorio Faccio Peralta, known as Ricardo Faccio or Riccardo Faccio (Italian pronunciation: [rikˈkardo ˈfattʃo]; 12 March 1907 – 9 September 1970) was a Uruguayan-Italian professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He was born in Uruguay and played for the Uruguay national football team but later received Italian citizenship and played for Italy internationally, where he was a part of the squad that won the 1933–35 Central European International Cup.
Mycena polygramma
Mycena polygramma, commonly known as the grooved bonnet, is a species of mushroom in the family Mycenaceae. The inedible fruit bodies are small, pale gray-brown mushrooms with broadly conical caps, pinkish gills. They are found in small troops on stumps and branches of deciduous and occasionally coniferous trees. The mushroom is found in Asia, Europe, and North America, where it is typically found on twigs or buried wood, carrying out its role in the forest ecosystem by decomposing organic matter, recycling nutrients, and forming humus in the soil. M. polygramma contains two uncommon hydroxy fatty acids and is also a bioluminescent fungus whose intensity of light emission follows a diurnal pattern.

Plant litter
Plant litter (also leaf litter, tree litter, soil litter, litterfall, or duff) is dead plant material (such as leaves, bark, needles, twigs, and cladodes) that has fallen to the ground. This detritus or dead organic material and its constituent nutrients are added to the top layer of soil, commonly known as the litter layer or O-horizon ("O" for "organic"). Litter is an important factor in ecosystem dynamics, as it is indicative of ecological productivity and may be useful in predicting regional nutrient cycling and soil fertility.
François Péloquin
François Péloquin is a Canadian film director from Quebec, who won the Emerging Canadian Director award at the 2015 Vancouver International Film Festival for his debut film The Sound of Trees (Le Bruit des arbres).

Originally from the Gaspésie region of Quebec, he studied political science at the Université du Québec à Montréal before turning to filmmaking. He was a competitor in the 1997–98 season of La Course destination monde, and subsequently directed music videos and television episodes before The Sound of Trees debuted in competition at the 50th Karlovy Vary International Film Festival.

His second film, The Thawing of Ice (La fonte des glaces), was released in 2024.

Both of his films were co-written with his wife, Sarah Lévesque. They received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Original Screenplay at the 13th Canadian Screen Awards in 2025 for The Thawing of Ice.

13th Canadian Screen Awards
The 13th Canadian Screen Awards were presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television from 30 May to 1 June 2025, to honour achievements in Canadian film, television and digital media production in 2024. The main gala was held on 1 June, hosted by comedian Lisa Gilroy, and was broadcast live on CBC Television and streaming on CBC Gem.

Nominees were announced on 26 March. Universal Language received the most nominations in film categories with 13, while Law & Order Toronto: Criminal Intent topped the field in television categories with 20 nominations. Canada's Drag Race was the most-awarded work overall with eight, while Universal Language would win the most awards in film categories with six.
Kuna (icebreaker)
Kuna is the oldest in service river icebreaker in the world, built in 1884 in Danzig. The ship which is sailing on the Oder changed flag five times. Today, it sails as a museum and training ship, intended for historical and cultural education in the field of the history of waterways, inland navigation, water construction and ecology, as well as the culture and history of the region in which it has been revitalized.

Inland navigation
Inland navigation, inland barge transport or inland waterway transport (IWT) is a transport system allowing ships and barges to use inland waterways (such as canals, rivers and lakes). These waterways have inland ports, marinas, quays, and wharfs.
Martijn Bok
Martijn Bok (born 8 March 1973) is a retired Dutch tennis player.

Bok has a career high ATP singles ranking of 212 achieved on 22 May 1995. He also has a career high doubles ranking of 204 achieved on 16 October 1995.

Bok has won 1 ATP Challenger doubles title at the 1995 Seville Challenger.

Bok is the current coach of Petra Martić, tennis professional from Croatia.

Copa Sevilla
The Copa Sevilla is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It is part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour since 1991. It is held annually at the Real Club de Tenis Betis in Seville, Spain since 1963. It became a Challenger 125 event in September 2023, on its 60th anniversary.