hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edgardo Melhem Salinas
Edgardo Melhem Salinas (born 14 August 1969) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He has been elected to Congress for Tamaulipas's 3rd district on two occasions:
in the 2009 mid-terms (61st Congress),
and in the 2015 mid-terms (63rd Congress).

3rd federal electoral district of Tamaulipas
The 3rd federal electoral district of Tamaulipas (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 03 de Tamaulipas) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of eight such districts in the state of Tamaulipas.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the second region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Casandra Prisilla de los Santos Flores.
Originally elected for the National Regeneration Movement (Morena), she switched to the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM) at the start of the congressional session.
Elvin A. Kabat
Elvin Abraham Kabat (September 1, 1914 – June 16, 2000) was an American biomedical scientist and one of the founding fathers of quantitative immunochemistry. Kabat was awarded the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University in 1977, National Medal of Science in 1991, and American Association of Immunologists Lifetime Achievement Award in 1995. He is the father of Jon Kabat-Zinn.

Elvin A. Kabat was the president of the American Association of Immunologists from 1965 to 1966, a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He designed the eponymous Kabat numbering scheme for numbering amino acid residues in antibodies based on their variable regions. In 1969, he started collecting and aligning the amino acid sequences of human and mouse Bence Jones proteins and immunoglobulin light chains.

National Medal of Science
The National Medal of Science is an honor bestowed by the president of the United States to individuals in science and engineering who have made important contributions to the advancement of knowledge in the fields of behavioral and social sciences, biology, chemistry, engineering, mathematics and physics. The twelve member presidential Committee on the National Medal of Science is responsible for selecting award recipients and is administered by the National Science Foundation (NSF). It is the highest science award in the United States.
Charles W. Morgan (ship)
Charles W. Morgan is an American whaling ship built in 1841 that was active during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Ships of this type were used to harvest the blubber of whales for whale oil which was commonly used in lamps. Charles W. Morgan has served as a museum ship since the 1940s and is now an exhibit at the Mystic Seaport museum in Mystic, Connecticut. She is the world's oldest surviving merchant vessel, the only surviving wooden whaling ship from the 19th century American merchant fleet (of an estimated 2,700 built), and the second-oldest seaworthy vessel in the world after the USS Constitution. Charles W. Morgan was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966.

Whale oil
Whale oil is oil obtained from the blubber of whales. Oil from the bowhead whale was sometimes known as train-oil, which comes from the Dutch word traan ("tear drop").

Sperm oil, a special kind of oil found in the head cavities of sperm whales, differs chemically from ordinary whale oil: it is composed mostly of liquid wax. Its properties and applications differ from those of detergentized whale oil, and it was sold for a higher price.
Dealer equity option
A dealer equity option is any equity option listed on a qualified board of exchange, that is bought or granted by an options dealer (any person registered with an appropriate national securities exchange as a market maker or specialist in listed options). The dealer should be registered with the qualified board of exchange where the option is listed.

Under U.S. tax law, a dealer equity option qualifies as a 1256 Contract, and benefits from several tax advantages.

Equity (finance)
In finance, equity is an ownership interest in property that may be subject to debts or other liabilities. Equity is measured for accounting purposes by subtracting liabilities from the value of the assets owned. For example, if someone owns a car worth $24,000 and owes $10,000 on the loan used to buy the car, the difference of $14,000 is equity. Equity can apply to a single asset, such as a car or house, or to an entire business. A business that needs to start up or expand its operations can sell its equity in order to raise cash that does not have to be repaid on a set schedule.

When liabilities attached to an asset exceed its value, the difference is called a deficit and the asset is informally said to be "underwater" or "upside-down". In government finance or other non-profit settings, equity is known as "net position" or "net assets".
Boyson
Boyson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Boyson (1930–2018), English muralist and sculptor

Emil Boyson (1897–1979), Norwegian poet, writer, and translator

Rhodes Boyson (1925–2012), English educator, author and politician

Robert H. Boyson (1893–1977), American farmer, businessman, and politician

Rhodes Boyson
Sir Rhodes Boyson (11 May 1925 – 28 August 2012) was an English educator, author and Conservative Party politician who served as Member of Parliament for Brent North.  He was knighted and made a member of the Privy Council in 1987.
Amazonian motmot
The Amazonian motmot (Momotus momota) is a colorful near-passerine bird in the family Momotidae. It is found in the Amazon lowlands and low Andean foothills from eastern Venezuela to eastern Brazil and northeastern Argentina.

Motmot
The motmots or Momotidae are a family of birds in the order Coraciiformes, which also includes the kingfishers, bee-eaters and rollers. All extant motmots are restricted to woodland or forests in the Neotropics, and the largest are in Central America. They have a colourful plumage and a relatively heavy bill. All except the tody motmot have relatively long tails that in some species have a distinctive racket-like tip.
Montagnareale
Montagnareale (Sicilian: Muntagnariali) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) east of Palermo and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Messina.

Montagnareale borders the following municipalities: Gioiosa Marea, Librizzi, Patti, Sant'Angelo di Brolo.

The town is located on the northern Nebrodi in the Saracen mountain group and shares the hill with the hamlet of Patti, Sorrentini.

Sicilian language
Sicilian (sicilianu, pronounced [sɪʃɪˈljaːnʊ, sɪdʒɪˈljaːnʊ]; Italian: siciliano) is a Romance language that is spoken on the island of Sicily and its satellite islands.
It belongs to the broader Extreme Southern Italian language group (Italian: italiano meridionale estremo).

Ethnologue (see below for more detail) describes Sicilian as being "distinct enough from Standard Italian to be considered a separate language", and it is recognized as a minority language by UNESCO. It has been referred to as a language by the Sicilian Region. It has the oldest literary tradition of the Italo-Romance languages. A version of the UNESCO Courier is also available in Sicilian.
Indre's 2nd constituency
The 2nd constituency of Indre is a French legislative constituency in the Indre département.

From 1958 to 2012, it was one of three constituencies in Indre.
In the 2010 redistricting, the number of constituencies in Indre was reduced to two.
It consists of the following cantons (partial cantons noted in brackets)
Ardentes (11/12 communes), Argenton-sur-Creuse, La Châtre, Issoudun, Levroux, Neuvy-Saint-Sépulchre, Valençay and Saint-Gaultier (2/34 communes).

Canton of Argenton-sur-Creuse
The canton of Argenton-sur-Creuse is an administrative division of the Indre department, central France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Argenton-sur-Creuse.

It consists of the following communes:
Connemara Airport
Connemara Airport (Irish: Aerphort Chonamara) or Connemara Regional Airport (Irish: Aerfort Réigiúnach Chonamara)) (IATA: NNR, ICAO: EICA) is located at Inverin in the Connemara region of Ireland, 15 nautical miles (28 km; 17 mi) west of the city of Galway. It is also known as Spiddal Airport, Inverin Airport, or Minna Airport (Irish: Aerfort na Minne), a name also used by Minna Airport in Minna, Nigeria.

The airport was constructed in 1992, partly funded by Údarás na Gaeltachta (the development agency for the Gaeltacht) to help ensure the viability of the Aran Islands communities.

Aer Arann Islands operates Britten-Norman Islander aircraft to the Aran Islands of Inisheer (Irish: Inis Oírr), Inishmaan (Irish: Inis Meáin) and Inishmore (Irish: Inis Mór) off the coast of County Galway in Ireland.

Minna Airport
Minna Airport (IATA: MXJ, ICAO: DNMN) is an airport 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northwest of Minna, the capital of Niger State in Nigeria. It was renamed after incumbent President Bola Tinubu by the state government in 2024.
Mike Rossi (freestyle skier)
Michael "Jersey Mike" Rossi (born February 25, 1994) is an American freestyle aerialist from the Long Valley section of Washington Township, Morris County, New Jersey. He has been competing in the FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup since the 2011–2012 season. In the 2012–2013 season, he earned a bronze medal at the Deer Valley World Cup competition.

FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup
The FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup is an annual freestyle skiing competition arranged by the International Ski Federation since 1980. Currently six disciplines are included in world cup: moguls, aerials, ski cross, halfpipe, slopestyle and big air. In the 1980s and 1990s there were also ski ballet and combined, which no longer exist.

Races are hosted primarily at ski resorts in North America, the Alps in Europe, with regular stops in Scandinavia, east Asia, but a few races have also been held in the Southern Hemisphere. World Cup competitions have been hosted in 22 countries around the world: Australia, Austria, Belarus, Canada, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan,  New Zealand, Norway, Russia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and the United States. (note that all world cup races hosted at ski resort in Ukraine was still part of Soviet Union respectively.)
Brepollen
Brepollen ("The Glacier Bay") is a bay in Sørkapp Land and Torell Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is located at the inner part of Hornsund, surrounded by the glaciers Mendeleevbreen, Svalisbreen, Hornbreen and Storbreen.

Hornsund
Hornsund is a fjord on the western side of the southernmost tip of northern Norway's Spitsbergen island.

The fjord's mouth faces west to the Greenland Sea, and is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) wide. The length is 30 kilometres (19 mi), the mean depth is 90 metres (300 ft), and the maximal depth is 260 metres (850 ft). Hornsund cuts different geological formations, from the Precambrian to the west to the upper Mesozoic to the east, and it is perpendicular to the main regional fractures of Spitsbergen.

The coastline of Hornsund is diversified, with a number of bays at the mouths of mountainous glacial valleys. Some of these bays have appeared as late as the beginning of the last century due to recession of glaciers.

A Polish research station has been operating there since 1957.
Nondispersive infrared sensor
A nondispersive infrared sensor (or NDIR sensor) is a simple spectroscopic sensor often used as a gas detector. It is non-dispersive in the sense that no dispersive element (e.g., a prism, or diffraction grating, as is often present in other spectrometers) is used to separate (like a monochromator) the broadband light into a narrow spectrum suitable for gas sensing. The majority of NDIR sensors use a broadband lamp source and an optical filter to select a narrow band spectral region that correspond to the absorption region of the gas of interest. In this context, the narrow band can be 50-300 nm bandwidth. Modern NDIR sensors may use microelectromechanical systems (MEMs) or mid IR LED sources, with or without an optical filter.

Prism (optics)
An optical prism is a transparent optical element with flat, polished surfaces that are designed to refract light. At least one surface must be angled—elements with only two parallel surfaces are windows, not prisms. The most familiar type of optical prism is the triangular prism, which has a triangular base and rectangular sides. Not all optical prisms are geometric prisms, and not all geometric prisms would count as an optical prism. Prisms can be made from any material that is transparent to the wavelengths for which they are designed. Typical materials include glass, acrylic and fluorite.

A dispersive prism can be used to break white light up into its constituent spectral colors (the colors of the rainbow) to form a spectrum as described in the following section.  Other types of prisms noted below can be used to reflect light, or to split light into components with different polarizations.
Cinema Makeup School
Cinema Makeup School is a private, for-profit makeup training school located in Los Angeles. The school was founded in 1993. Specialties include beauty make-up for film and television as well as fashion and editorial purposes, hairstyling, airbrushing and bodypainting, character make-up, special make-up effects and prosthetics, creature maquette sculpture and digital makeup effects design, along with Advanced Lab Techniques and Advanced Beauty Techniques.

Several graduates of the school have appeared as contestants on Syfy's reality game show Face Off.

Maquette
A maquette is a scale model or rough draft of an unfinished sculpture or work of architecture. The term is a loanword from French. An equivalent term is bozzetto, a diminutive of the Italian word for a sketch.
Chicago school (architecture)
The Chicago School refers to two architectural styles derived from the architecture of Chicago. In the history of architecture, the first Chicago School was a school of architects active in Chicago in the late 19th, and at the turn of the 20th century. They were among the first to promote the new technologies of steel-frame construction in commercial buildings, and developed a spatial esthetic which co-evolved with, and then came to influence, parallel developments in European Modernism. Much of its early work is also known as Commercial Style.

A "Second Chicago School" with a modernist esthetic emerged in the 1940s through 1970s, which pioneered new building technologies and structural systems, such as the tube-frame structure.

History of architecture
The history of architecture traces the changes in architecture through various traditions, regions, overarching stylistic trends, and dates. The beginnings of all these traditions is thought to be humans satisfying the very basic need of shelter and protection. The term "architecture" generally refers to buildings, but in its essence is much broader, including fields we now consider specialized forms of practice, such as urbanism, civil engineering, naval, military, and landscape architecture.

Trends in architecture were influenced, among other factors, by technological innovations, particularly in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The improvement and/or use of steel, cast iron, tile, reinforced concrete, and glass helped for example Art Nouveau appear and made Beaux Arts more grandiose.
P. Box
P. Box (which stands for Pandora's Box) is a Hungarian hard rock band formed by two ex-P. Mobil members, Sándor Bencsik and István Cserháti, in 1980.
The group disbanded in 1986 due to Cserháti's settling in Debrecen, which is 220 km from the capital city Budapest.
It was revived in 2001 by Cserháti, with the members of Szfinx and Aberra.
On 21 August 2005, Cserháti died of cancer at the age of 51.
In November 2005, the band officially changed their name to Pandora's Box.
They broke up again in 2006, playing their last concerts on 3 November in Debrecen and 11 November in Budapest. They regrouped once more in the summer of 2009. Meanwhile, two former members, József Sáfár and István Szabó, formed a separate band with the same name.

Debrecen
Debrecen (/ˈdɛbrətsɛn/ DEB-rət-sen; Hungarian: [ˈdɛbrɛt͡sɛn] ⓘ; German: Debrezin [ˈdɛbʁɛt͡siːn] ⓘ; Slovak: Debrecín [ˈɟɛbrɛt͡siːn] Romanian: Debrețin) is Hungary's second-largest city, after Budapest, the regional centre of the Northern Great Plain region and the seat of Hajdú-Bihar County. A city with county rights, it was the largest Hungarian city in the 18th century and it is one of the Hungarian people's most important cultural centres. Debrecen was also the capital city of Hungary during the revolution in 1848–1849. During the revolution, the dethronement of the Habsburg dynasty was declared in the Reformed Great Church. The city also served as the capital of Hungary by the end of World War II in 1944–1945. It is home to the University of Debrecen.
Archdiocese of Trento
The Archdiocese of Trento (Latin: Archidioecesis Tridentina, German Trient) is a Latin Metropolitan archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the Triveneto, named after its see in Alpine Italy, Trento (Tr(i)ent), in Trentino-Alto Adige region.

The seat (throne) of the archbishop is in the Minor basilica Cattedrale di S. Vigilio Vescovo in Trento. The diocese has two other minor basilicas: the Basilica S. Maria Maggiore (city of Trento), and the Basilica di Ss. Sisinio, Martirio e Alessandro (Sanzeno).

Sanzeno
Sanzeno (Italian: [sanˈdzeːno], Nones: Sanzén) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 948 and an area of 8.0 square kilometres (3.1 mi2).
2014 Tevlin Women's Challenger – Doubles
Françoise Abanda and Victoria Duval were the defending champions, however Duval is still recovering after being diagnosed with Hodgkin's Lymphoma in July. Abanda partnered Marie-Alexandre Leduc, but lost in the quarterfinals to Gabriela Dabrowski and Tatjana Maria.

American-duo Maria Sanchez and Taylor Townsend won the title, defeating Dabrowski and Maria in the final, 7–5, 4–6, [15–13].

Victoria Duval
Victoria Duval (born 30 November 1995) is a former American tennis player. In August 2014, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 87.
Duval has won one singles title and two doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

In 2012, she had won the USTA Girls' 18s National Championships.
2006–07 Eredivisie
The 2006–07 Eredivisie season began on August 18, 2006. The season saw PSV Eindhoven quickly building a gap with the other teams. After 20 matches, the club was 11 points ahead of AZ and 12 points ahead of Ajax. The lead quickly dissipated in the 13 matches that followed. A draw of PSV at FC Utrecht in the penultimate round saw AZ and Ajax catching up. The three clubs were all on 72 points from 33 matches, with the AZ on top due to goal difference.

Ajax were second, PSV were third. AZ suffered a shock defeat at league minnows Excelsior Rotterdam in the final round, playing with 10 men after 15 minutes in the game. Ajax won 0–2 against Willem II, and PSV beat Vitesse 5–1. PSV and Ajax both finished on 75 points, but PSV finished first due to a better goal difference (+50, against +49 for Ajax) to end one of the most exciting and closest title races in many years.

FC Utrecht
Football Club Utrecht (Dutch pronunciation: [ɛfˈseː ˈytrɛxt]) is a Dutch professional football club based in Utrecht. The club competes in the Eredivisie, the top tier of Dutch football, and plays its home matches at the Stadion Galgenwaard.

The club was formed in 1970 as a merger between local clubs VV DOS, USV Elinkwijk and Velox. Since then, the club has won three national cup tournaments: in 1985, 2003 and 2004, also winning the Johan Cruyff Shield in 2004 as the first club outside the traditional Dutch Big Three. Utrecht is also the only club outside the Big Three which has never suffered relegation from the top-flight Eredivisie.

Utrecht have competed in 15 European campaigns, reaching the group stages of the 2004–05 UEFA Cup and the 2010–11 UEFA Europa League, their best European results.
Kalalau Valley
22°10′48″N 159°39′13″W﻿ / ﻿22.18000°N 159.65361°W﻿ / 22.18000; -159.65361

The Kalalau Valley is on the northwest side of the island of Kauai in the state of Hawaii. The valley is in Nā Pali Coast State Park and houses the Kalalau Beach. The Nā Pali Coast is rugged and is inaccessible to automobiles. The only legal ways to access the valley are by kayak or by hiking the Kalalau Trail.

The valley is surrounded by cliffs more than 2,000 feet (610 m) high. This valley's bottom is broad and relatively flat, with an accessible region about 2 miles (3.2 km) long and 0.5 miles (0.80 km) wide. The abundant sun and rain provides an ideal environment for flora and fauna. Many Native Hawaiians lived in the valley into the 20th century, farming taro from a vast complex of terraced fields. Today, its designation as a state park forbids anyone from residing there.

Taro
Taro (/ˈtɑːroʊ, ˈtær-/; Colocasia esculenta) is a root vegetable. It is the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the family Araceae that are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, stems and petioles. Taro corms are a food staple in African, Caribbean, Oceanian, East Asian, Southeast Asian and South Asian cultures (similar to yams).
George Linder (politician)
George Linder was a reverend and  state representative in Georgia. He was elected to represent Laurens County in the Georgia House of Representatives during the Reconstruction era but was expelled along with the other elected African Americans. He and other African Americans were expelled. He was documented as a farmworker.

He founded the Strawberry AME Church in 1857.

Georgia House of Representatives
33°44′57″N 84°23′18″W﻿ / ﻿33.749070°N 84.388362°W﻿ / 33.749070; -84.388362

The Georgia House of Representatives is the lower house of the Georgia General Assembly (the state legislature) of the U.S. state of Georgia. There are currently 180 elected members. Republicans have had a majority in the chamber since 2005. The current House Speaker is Jon G. Burns.
Tumor-associated macrophage
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a class of immune cells present in high numbers in the microenvironment of solid tumors. They are heavily involved in cancer-related inflammation. Macrophages are known to originate from bone marrow-derived blood monocytes (monocyte-derived macrophages) or yolk sac progenitors (tissue-resident macrophages), but the exact origin of TAMs in human tumors remains to be elucidated. The composition of monocyte-derived macrophages and tissue-resident macrophages in the tumor microenvironment depends on the tumor type, stage, size, and location, thus it has been proposed that TAM identity and heterogeneity is the outcome of interactions between tumor-derived, tissue-specific, and developmental signals.

Monocyte
Monocytes are a type of leukocyte or white blood cell. They are the largest type of leukocyte in the blood and can differentiate into macrophages and monocyte-derived dendritic cells. As a part of the vertebrate innate immune system monocytes also influence adaptive immune responses and exert tissue repair functions.  There are at least three subclasses of monocytes in human blood based on their phenotypic receptors.