hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Koh Preab
Koh Preab, Khmer: កោះព្រាប , "Dove Island", named "Île du Départ" during the French colonial period is an island of Cambodia, situated in the Bay of Kompong Saom Sihanoukville Province near its south-eastern coast. This small island has been integrated into the local harbor's breakwater just north of the Sihanoukville Autonomous Port. The estimated terrain elevation above sea level is 3 meters. A unit of the Royal Cambodian Navy is based on the island.

Breakwater (structure)
A breakwater is a permanent structure constructed at a coastal area to protect against tides, currents, waves, and storm surges.  Breakwaters have been built since antiquity to protect anchorages, helping isolate vessels from marine hazards such as wind-driven waves. A breakwater, also known in some contexts as a jetty or a mole, may be connected to land or freestanding, and may contain a walkway or road for vehicle access.

Part of a coastal management system, breakwaters are installed parallel to the shore to minimize erosion. On beaches where longshore drift threatens the erosion of beach material, smaller structures on the beach  may be installed, usually perpendicular to the water's edge. Their action on waves and current is intended to slow the longshore drift and discourage mobilisation of beach material. In this usage they are more usually referred to as groynes.
Gayelord Hauser
Benjamin Gayelord Hauser (May 17, 1895 – December 26, 1984), popularly known as Gayelord Hauser, was an American nutritionist and self-help writer, who promoted the 'natural way of eating' during the mid-20th century.  He promoted foods rich in B vitamins and discouraged consumption of sugar and white flour. He rose to fame as a self-help author, popular on the lecture and social circuits, and was nutritional advisor to many celebrities.

Hauser was supported by many film stars but was often in conflict with the medical community. He promised people they could add years to their life by eating five "wonder foods": blackstrap molasses, brewer's yeast, skimmed milk, wheat germ and yogurt. He was criticized as a "food faddist" and his dieting ideas were described by medical doctors as pseudoscientific and quackery.

Nutritionist
A nutritionist is a person who advises others on matters of food and nutrition and their impacts on health.  Some people specialize in particular areas, such as sports nutrition, public health, or animal nutrition, among other disciplines. In many jurisdictions, a person can claim to be a nutritionist even without any training, education, or professional license, in contrast to a dietitian, who has a university degree, professional license, and certification for professional practice.
William Alexander Clouston
William Alexander Clouston (1843 – 23 October 1896) was a Scottish 19th century folklorist from Orkney.

A Supplement to Alliborne's Dictionary (1891, pp. 349–350), as quoted in Folklore, gives the following biographical information:

b. 1843, at Stromness, Orkney Islands, of an old Norse family, in early life was engaged in commercial pursuits in Glasgow and London, but relinquished these to engage in journalism and literature; he edited several Scotch provincial newspapers, 1871-79, and is a writer for the Glasgow Herald, Evening Times, &c. He has given particular attention to Oriental fiction and folklore, and contributed to Sir R. F. Burton's "Supplemental Arabian Nights" analogues and variants of some of the tales in vols. I-III.

The Herald (Glasgow)
The Herald is a Scottish broadsheet newspaper founded in 1783. The Herald is the longest running national newspaper in the world and is the eighth oldest daily paper in the world. The title was simplified from The Glasgow Herald in 1992. Following the closure of the Sunday Herald, the Herald on Sunday was launched as a Sunday edition on 9 September 2018.
Louis Frederick Bernecker
Louis Frederick Berneker (1876–1937) was an American artist, active as a painter, illustrator, and graphic artist in late-nineteenth- and early twentieth-century New York. He is known to have painted the angel murals (painted on canvas) decorating the interior of St. Gregory the Great's Church, New York City, and to have painted the November 1906 and March 1907 covers of Pearson's Magazine. In 1931, Berneker was elected to the National Academy of Design as an Associate member.

Graphic designer
A graphic designer is a practitioner who follows the discipline of graphic design, either within companies or organizations or independently. They are professionals in design and visual communication, with their primary focus on transforming linguistic messages into graphic manifestations, whether tangible or intangible. They are responsible for planning, designing, projecting, and conveying messages or ideas through visual communication. Graphic design is one of the most in-demand professions with significant job opportunities, as it allows leveraging technological advancements and working online from anywhere in the world.
Tormaleo
Tormaleo is one of eleven parishes in the municipality of Ibias, within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. In 2020, it had 305 inhabitants. There is a palace in the village built mostly in the 18th century from an earlier medieval base in a great state of disrepair.

Parish (administrative division)
A parish is an administrative division used by several countries. To distinguish it from an ecclesiastical parish, the term civil parish is used in some jurisdictions, as noted below.

The table below lists countries which use this administrative division:
Geoff Ferris (motorsport)
Geoff Ferris (born 2 August 1936) is a British racing car designer who has designed open-wheel racing cars for Penske Racing (Formula One and CART), Lotus (Formula One), Rebaque (Formula One) and Brabham (Formula 2, Formula Atlantic/B, Formula 3, and F5000).

He has twice (1980 and 1982) won the Louis Schwitzer Award for innovation and engineering excellence in the field of racing car design.

Open-wheel car
An open-wheel car is a car with the wheels outside the car's main body, and usually having only one seat. Open-wheel cars contrast with street cars, sports cars, stock cars, and touring cars, which have their wheels below the body or inside fenders. Open-wheel cars are built both for road racing and oval track racing. Open-wheel cars licensed for use on public roads (street legal), such as the Ariel Atom, are uncommon, as they are often impractical for everyday use.
Grömitz
Grömitz (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʁøːmɪts] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district of Ostholstein, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated on the Bay of Lübeck, approximately 35 km northeast of Lübeck, and 23 km east of Eutin.

Grömitz is a settlement on the Baltic Sea. In fair weather one can see buildings on the about 15 kilometer distant shore.

The town name contains the Slavic root grom ("thunder") and means "a place of thunder".

The sei whale was described after a whale stranded near Grömitz in 1829.

There were three ligers in the local zoo, but the last one had to be put to rest in February 2008.

Liger
The liger is a hybrid offspring of a male lion (Panthera leo) and a tigress, or female tiger (Panthera tigris). The liger has parents in the same genus but of different species. The liger is distinct from the opposite hybrid called the tigon (of a male tiger and a lioness), and is the largest of all known extant felids. They enjoy swimming, which is a characteristic of tigers, and are very sociable like lions. Notably, ligers typically grow larger than either parent species, unlike tigons.
Automan
Automan is an American superhero television series produced by Glen A. Larson. It aired for 12 episodes (although 13 were made) on ABC between 1983 and 1984. It consciously emulates the visual stylistics of the Walt Disney Pictures live-action film Tron, in the context of a superhero TV series. The series was later shown in reruns on the Sci-Fi Channel.

1983 in American television
In 1983, television in the United States saw a number of significant events, including the debuts, finales, and cancellations of television shows; the launch, closure, and rebranding of channels; changes and additions to network affiliations by stations; controversies, business transactions, and carriage disputes; and the deaths of individuals who had made notable contributions to the medium.
Once Upon a Studio
Once Upon a Studio is a 2023 American live-action animated fantasy comedy short film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios in celebration of the Walt Disney Company's centennial.

In the film, Disney characters come to life from pictures and animation frames hanging on the walls of the Roy E. Disney Animation Building following the end of a usual work day. Combining computer graphics and traditional animation on live-action backgrounds, the short features characters from the majority of the studio's works made up to that point. The film was dedicated to the memory of Burny Mattinson, the company's longest-serving employee, who made a cameo in the short and died eight months before its release.

Once Upon a Studio premiered at the Annecy International Animation Film Festival on June 11, 2023, and had its first public screening in the United States on ABC's The Wonderful World of Disney on October 15, along with the world television premiere of Encanto.

Fantasy comedy
Fantasy comedy (also called comic fantasy) is a subgenre of fantasy that is primarily humorous in intent and tone. Typically set in imaginary worlds, fantasy comedy often involves puns on, and parodies of, other works of fantasy.
Louis Dalrymple
Louis Dalrymple (January 19, 1866 – December 28, 1905) was an American cartoonist, known for his caricatures in publications such as Puck, Judge, and the New York Daily Graphic. Born in Cambridge, Illinois, he studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, and the Art Students League of New York, and in 1885 became the chief cartoonist of the Daily Graphic.

His first wife was Letia Carpenter from Brooklyn. His second wife was Mary Ann Good. He died in 1905 of paresis in a New York sanitarium.

Judge (magazine)
Judge was a weekly satirical magazine published in the United States from 1881 to 1947. It was launched by artists who had left the rival Puck; the founders included cartoonist James Albert Wales, dime novels publisher Frank Tousey and author George H. Jessop.
Los gozos y las sombras
Los gozos y las sombras (lit. 'The joys and the shadows') is a trilogy of novels by the Spanish writer Gonzalo Torrente Ballester. It consists of El señor llega (1957, lit. 'The lord arrives'), Donde da la vuelta el aire (1960, lit. 'Where the air turns') and La pascua triste (1962, lit. 'The sad Easter'). It is set in a Galician fishing town before the Spanish Civil War and revolves around the conflicts between an aristocratic order and increasing economic rule. It is considered a major work of Spanish 20th-century literature.

El señor llega received the novel prize of the Fundación Juan March. The trilogy was the basis for the 1982 television series Los gozos y las sombras, produced by Televisión Española.

Fundación Juan March
The Fundación Juan March is a foundation established in 1955 by Juan March. The foundation produces exhibitions as well as concert and lecture series. Its headquarters in Madrid houses a library devoted to contemporary Spanish music and theater. It owns and operates the Museo de Arte Abstracto Español, in Cuenca, and the Museu Fundación Juan March, in Palma. Its Center for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences (Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Ciencias Sociales), which has granted nearly one hundred doctoral degrees to Spanish students, is currently incorporated within the Instituto mixto Carlos III/Juan March de Ciencias Sociales at the Charles III University of Madrid.
Tokushige Noto
Tokushige Noto (納戸 徳重, Noto Tokushige; 24 January 1902 – 4 January 1991) was a Japanese sprinter who competed in the men's 400 metres, men's 800 metres, and the men's decathlon at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, France.

Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres
The men's 400 metres event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1924 Summer Olympics. This race was depicted in the film Chariots of Fire. The competition was held on Thursday, July 10, 1924, and on Friday, July 11, 1924.

As for all other races the track was 500 metres in circumference.

Sixty runners from 27 nations competed. No nation had more than 4 athletes.
Ambroise Garin
Ambroise Garin (10 May 1875, Arviers – 31 March 1969) was an Italian-born French  professional bicycle racer.

Garin competed as a professional cyclist from 1899 to 1903, and lived at Argenteuil, Val-d'Oise until his death at the age of 93.

His best results were:  Paris-Roubaix 1899 3rd, 1901 2nd, 1902 3rd;  Bordeaux – Paris 1900 3rd, 1902 3rd.

His brothers Maurice and César were also professional bicycle racers.

Argenteuil
Argenteuil (French: [aʁʒɑ̃tœj] ⓘ) is a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 12.3 km (7.6 mi) from the center of Paris. Argenteuil is a sub-prefecture of the Val-d'Oise department, the seat of the arrondissement of Argenteuil. Argenteuil is part of the Métropole du Grand Paris.

Argenteuil is the fourth most populous commune in the suburbs of Paris (after Boulogne-Billancourt, Saint-Denis, and Montreuil) and the most populous one in the Val-d'Oise department, although it is not its prefecture, which is shared between the communes of Cergy and Pontoise.

Argenteuil shares borders with communes in 3 departements others than Val d'Oise : the Yvelines, Hauts-de-Seine, and Seine-Saint-Denis departements.
Marciszów
Marciszów [marˈt͡ɕiʂuf] is a village in Kamienna Góra County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Marciszów. It is situated in the Marciszów Valley in the Sudetes.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
Photomorphogenesis
In developmental biology, photomorphogenesis is light-mediated development, where plant growth patterns respond to the light spectrum. This is a completely separate process from photosynthesis where light is used as a source of energy. Phytochromes, cryptochromes, and phototropins are photochromic sensory receptors that restrict the photomorphogenic effect of light to the UV-A, UV-B, blue, and red portions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

The photomorphogenesis of plants is often studied by using tightly frequency-controlled light sources to grow the plants. There are at least three stages of plant development where photomorphogenesis occurs: seed germination, seedling development, and the switch from the vegetative to the flowering stage (photoperiodism).

Most research on photomorphogenesis is derived from plants studies involving several kingdoms: Fungi, Monera, Protista, and Plantae.

Developmental biology
Developmental biology is the scientific study of the processes by which animals and plants grow and develop. The field of developmental biology is further defined by its study of phenomena such as regeneration, asexual reproduction, metamorphosis, and the growth and differentiation of stem cells within the adult organism.
Beto Gonçalves
Alberto Gonçalves da Costa (born 31 December 1980), commonly known as Beto Gonçalves or simply Beto, is a professional footballer who plays as a striker for Championship club PSIS Semarang. Born in Brazil, he represented Indonesia at international level.

2021–22 Liga 2 (Indonesia)
The 2021 Liga 2 was the fifth season of the Liga 2 under its current name and the 12th season under its current league structure.

Persis won the title after a 2–1 win over RANS Cilegon in the final at Pakansari Stadium, Cibinong on 30 December 2021.
Redwater Creek
Redwater Creek is a stream in Butte and Lawrence counties in South Dakota and Crook County, Wyoming in the United States. It is a tributary of the Redwater River.

The creek's name comes from the Sioux Indians of the area, for the color of the river water.

Crook County, Wyoming
Crook County is a county in the northeastern corner of the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 7,181, making it the third-least populous county in Wyoming. Its county seat and largest city is Sundance. The county is located at the northwestern extreme of the Black Hills, which are its defining geographical feature.
Antisemites' Petition
The Antisemites' Petition (German: Antisemitenpetition) was a petition initiated in 1880–1881 by German antisemites of the Berlin Movement (Berliner Bewegung). It was addressed to the Imperial Chancellor and Prussian Prime Minister Otto von Bismarck, demanding the rescission of essential equality laws for Jews in Germany.

The primary initiators were Karl Friedrich Zöllner, a professor of physics and astronomy in Leipzig, along with Max Liebermann von Sonnenberg, Bernhard Förster, Paul Förster, and Ernst Henrici. Early signatories included the prominent Berlin court chaplain Adolf Stoecker, the Chemnitz publisher Ernst Schmeitzner, and the composer and conductor Hans von Bülow.

Hans von Bülow
Freiherr Hans Guido von Bülow (German: [ˌhans fɔn ˈbyːlo] ⓘ; 8 January 1830 – 12 February 1894) was a German conductor, pianist, and composer of the Romantic era. As one of the most distinguished conductors of the 19th century, his activity was critical for establishing the successes of several major composers of the time, especially Richard Wagner and Johannes Brahms. Alongside Carl Tausig, Bülow was perhaps the most prominent of the early students of the Hungarian composer, pianist and conductor Franz Liszt; he gave the first public performance of Liszt's Sonata in B minor in 1857. He became acquainted with, fell in love with and eventually married Liszt's daughter Cosima, who later left him for Wagner. Noted for his interpretation of the works of Ludwig van Beethoven, he was one of the earliest European musicians to tour the United States.
Probabilistic design
Probabilistic design is a discipline within engineering design. It deals primarily with the consideration and minimization of the effects of random variability upon the performance of an engineering system during the design phase. Typically, these effects studied and optimized are related to quality and reliability. It differs from the classical approach to design by assuming a small probability of failure instead of using the safety factor. Probabilistic design is used in a variety of different applications to assess the likelihood of failure. Disciplines which extensively use probabilistic design principles include product design, quality control, systems engineering, machine design, civil engineering (particularly useful in limit state design) and manufacturing.

Quality control
Quality control (QC) is a process by which entities review the quality of all factors involved in production. ISO 9000 defines quality control as "a part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements".

This approach places emphasis on three aspects (enshrined in standards such as ISO 9001):

Elements such as controls, job management, defined and well managed processes, performance and integrity criteria, and identification of records

Competence, such as knowledge, skills, experience, and qualifications

Soft elements, such as personnel, integrity, confidence, organizational culture, motivation, team spirit, and quality relationships.

Inspection is a major component of quality control, where physical product is examined visually (or the end results of a service are analyzed). Product inspectors will be provided with lists and descriptions of unacceptable product defects such as cracks or surface blemishes for example.
Gustavo Espinoza
Gustavo Espinoza Roman is a Peruvian politician and a former Congressman representing Lambayeque for the 2006–2011 term. Espinoza was originally elected to Congress, as a member of the Union for Peru party, but left it after the election due to differences with the party and later formed the Peruvian Democratic Party along with fellow Congress members Carlos Torres Caro and Rocío González. He was disqualified in March 2010 and was replaced by Martín Rivas Texeira of the Peruvian Nationalist Party.

Union for Peru
Union for Peru (Spanish: Unión por el Perú) is a Peruvian political party founded by Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, an ex-UN Secretary General, in 1994 to run for the presidency of Peru in the 1995 general elections. Originally a social democratic party, the party became the main political home of the Peruvian ethnocacerist movement in the late-2010s after a group led by former Army Major Antauro Humala joined the party. Humala later formed the Patriotic Front in 2018 and contested the 2021 general elections.
Steven Frautschi
Steven C. Frautschi (/ˈfraʊtʃi/; born December 6, 1933) is an American theoretical physicist, currently professor of physics emeritus at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). He is known principally for his contributions to the bootstrap theory of the strong interactions and for his contribution to the resolution of the infrared divergence problem in quantum electrodynamics (QED).  He was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2015 for "contributions to the introduction of Regge poles into particle physics, elucidation of the role of infrared photons in high energy scattering, and for seminal contributions to undergraduate physics education".

Bootstrap model
The term "bootstrap model" is used for a class of theories that use very general consistency criteria to determine the form of a quantum theory from some assumptions on the spectrum of particles. It is a form of S-matrix theory.
2024 Fermanagh Senior Football Championship
The 2024 Fermanagh Senior Football Championship was the 118th edition of Fermanagh GAA's premier club Gaelic football tournament for senior clubs in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. The championship consisted of eight teams, with the winner going on to represent Fermanagh in the Ulster Senior Club Football Championship. The championship began on 30 August 2024.

Derrygonnelly Harps were the defending champions, but lost in the semi-final to Erne Gaels Belleek.

Erne Gaels were set to face Enniskillen Gaels in the final on 20 October, but the match was postponed due to a storm. The rescheduled match took place a week later, and finished in a draw. The replay took place on 2 November, with Erne Gaels finally winning by four points. This was the club's third title in total and their first in 43 years.

Fermanagh GAA
The Fermanagh County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael, Coiste Chontae Fear Manach) or Fermanagh GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland and is responsible for the administration of Gaelic games in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland.

The county football team reached an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship semi-final replay in 2004, its best performance in the competition.