hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abdullah restaurant bombing
The Abdullah restaurant bombing was a terrorist attack that was committed during the Iraq War on 11 December 2008. The attack involved a suicide bomber who blew himself up in a crowded restaurant outside of Kirkuk in Northern Iraq. The attack killed at least 55 people. At least 100 people were also injured in the blast.

Kirkuk
Kirkuk (Arabic: كركوك; Kurdish: کەرکووک, romanized: Kerkûk; Syriac: ܟܪܟܘܟ, romanized: Kerkouk; Turkish: Kerkük) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of the Kirkuk Governorate. The city is home to a diverse population of Kurds, Iraqi Turkmens and Arabs. Kirkuk sits on the ruins of the original Kirkuk Citadel which sits near the Khasa River.

It is described by the Kurdish leader and former Iraqi president Jalal Talabani as “the Jerusalem of Kurdistan” even though it is not part of Iraqi Kurdistan region, while it is seen by the Turkmen activist Fatih Salah as the cultural and historical capital of Iraqi Turkmens. The government of Iraq states that Kirkuk represents a small version of Iraq due to its diverse population, and that the city is a model for coexistence in the country.
Abietadiene hydroxylase
Abieta-7,13-diene hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.108) is an enzyme with systematic name abieta-7,13-diene,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (18-hydroxylating). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

abieta-7,13-diene + NADPH + H+ + O2  abieta-7,13-dien-18-ol + NADP+ + H2O

Abietadiene hydroxylase is a heme-thiolate protein (P-450).

Thiol
In organic chemistry, a thiol (/ˈθaɪɒl/; from Ancient Greek  θεῖον (theion) 'sulfur'), or thiol derivative, is any organosulfur compound of the form R−SH, where R represents an alkyl or other organic substituent. The −SH functional group itself is referred to as either a thiol group or a sulfhydryl group, or a sulfanyl group. Thiols are the sulfur analogue of alcohols (that is, sulfur takes the place of oxygen in the hydroxyl (−OH) group of an alcohol), and the word is a blend of "thio-" with "alcohol".

Many thiols have strong odors resembling that of garlic, cabbage or rotten eggs. Thiols are used as odorants to assist in the detection of natural gas (which in pure form is odorless). The smell of natural gas is due to the addition of thiol.
Arend-class patrol ship
The Arend class (sometimes referred to as Valk class) was a class of two "opium hunters", meaning fast patrol boats built by the Maatschappij voor Scheeps- en Werktuigbouw Fijenoord in Rotterdam for service with the Government Navy. The class consisted of HNLMS Arend and HNLMS Valk.

Government Navy
The Government Navy (Dutch: Gouvernements Marine or Gouvernementsmarine, GM) was a Dutch naval force in the former Dutch East Indies and Dutch New Guinea between 1861 and 1962. It succeeded the Civil Colonial Navy (Burgerlijke Koloniale Marine) of 1815 and existed alongside the Indies Military Navy (Indische Militaire Marine) until 1930, when the latter was disbanded and the Government Navy was militarized between 1939 and 1941.

After the Pacific War and the Indonesian National Revolution that followed, the GM existed until the handover of Dutch New Guinea to the United Nations Temporary Executive Authority at the conclusion of the West New Guinea dispute between the Netherlands and Indonesia. Operating in a civil-administrative role alongside the Royal Netherlands Navy, the Government Navy had been primarily concerned with tasks such as policing and transport.
Leiria Football Association
The Leiria Football Association (Portuguese: Associação de Futebol de Leiria) is one of the 22 District Football Associations that are affiliated with the Portuguese Football Federation. The AF Leiria administers lower-tier football in the district of Leiria.

On 5 January 2014 Leiria FA won the Portuguese Regions Cup and will represent Portugal in the 2015 UEFA Regions' Cup, starting in September 2014.

Campeonato de Portugal (league)
The Campeonato de Portugal (Portuguese for "Championship of Portugal") is the fourth level of the Portuguese football league system. Together with the third-tier Liga 3, it is organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF).

The Campeonato de Portugal was introduced in 2013 as the new third-level championship, under the name Campeonato Nacional de Seniores (Seniors National Championship), replacing the Segunda Divisão and Terceira Divisão (former third and fourth divisions, respectively). On 22 October 2015, it adopted its current naming. 
With the creation of the Liga 3 as the new third division from the 2021–22 season, the Campeonato de Portugal was demoted one level.
Santa Juana Formation
Santa Juana Formation a Late Triassic (Carnian stage) sedimentary rock formation near Santa Juana in the lower course of the Biobío River in south-central Chile. Lithologies range from conglomerate sandstone, arkosic sandstone, siltstone and mudstone.

Siltstone
Siltstone, also known as aleurolite, is a clastic sedimentary rock that is composed mostly of silt. It is a form of mudrock with a low clay mineral content, which can be distinguished from shale by its lack of fissility.

Although its permeability and porosity is relatively low, siltstone is sometimes a tight gas reservoir rock, an unconventional reservoir for natural gas that requires hydraulic fracturing for production to be economical.

Siltstone was prized in ancient Egypt for manufacturing statuary and cosmetic palettes. The siltstone quarried at Wadi Hammamat was a hard, fine-grained siltstone that resisted flaking and was almost ideal for such uses.
Gunilla von Post
Karin Adele Gunilla von Post Miller (10 July 1932 – 14 October 2011) was a Swedish aristocrat noted for a book outlining an intimate relationship with then-Senator John F. Kennedy in the 1950s, titled Love, Jack, published in 1997. In 2010, she auctioned letters  written by Kennedy to her.

Kennedy met Gunilla von Post one month before his marriage to Jacqueline Lee Bouvier during the summer of 1953 while on holiday on the French Riviera.

In 2015, a leather jacket that had once belonged to Kennedy and which he had left with von Post was unearthed by the senior chaplain of The King's School, Canterbury. He then brought it to a November 2015 filming of an episode of the Antiques Roadshow at Walmer Castle in Kent, where it was valued in excess of £100,000  (circa $152,000 US dollars) by one of the show's expert appraisers, Jon Baddeley.

The King's School, Canterbury
The King's School is a public school in Canterbury, Kent, England. It is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference and the Eton Group. It is Britain's oldest public school and is considered to be the oldest continuously operating school in the world, as education on the Abbey and Cathedral grounds has been uninterrupted since AD 597.
Alexandra Bujdoso
Alexandra Bujdoso (born 5 March 1990 in Budapest, Hungary) is a German-Hungarian sabre fencer.

She is coached by her father, Imre Bujdosó, a former world class fencer and Olympic champion. While still in the Cadets category, she won the 2005–06 junior Fencing World Cup. At the same time, she took a bronze medal at the Klagenfurt World Cup and reached the quarter-finals at the 2006 World Championships in Turin. She finished the season 11th in senior world rankings, a career best as of 2014. She won in 2008 a bronze medal at the Junior World Championships in Acireale.

Bujdoso took part in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where she was eliminated in the second round by 2004 silver medallist Xue Tan. She participated again in the 2012 Summer Olympics in London where she was defeated in the round of 32 by Sabina Mikina of Azerbaijan.

Fencing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's sabre
The women's sabre fencing competition at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing took place on August 9 at the Olympic Green Convention Centre.

The sabre competition consisted of a five-round single-elimination bracket with a bronze medal match between the two semifinal losers. Fencing was done to 15 touches or to the completion of three three-minute rounds if neither fencer reached 15 touches by then. At the end of time, the higher-scoring fencer was the winner; a tie resulted in an additional one-minute sudden-death time period. This sudden-death period was further modified by the selection of a draw-winner beforehand; if neither fencer scored a touch during the minute, the predetermined draw-winner won the bout.
Sidi Yaqut Al-Arsh Mosque
The Sidi Yaqut Al-Arsh Mosque (Arabic: مسجد سيدي ياقوت العرش, romanized: Masjid Sīdī Yāqūt al-ʻarsh) is a mosque, located in the Anfoushi neighbourhood of Alexandria, on the north coast of Egypt. It is named after Yaqut Al Arsh, an imam who lived in Alexandria during the 13th century.

The mosque is located adjacent to both the Al-Busiri Mosque and the Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi Mosque, and all three mosques face the same central sahn.

Northern coast of Egypt
The Northern Coast of Egypt (Egyptian Arabic: الساحل الشمالى, El Sahel El Shamali) extends for about 1,050 km (650 mi) along the Mediterranean Sea, covering entirely the northern shore of Egypt. It is one of the longest Mediterranean coastlines, and is popularly known because of sandy beaches and clear water.

The city of Alexandria lies at the center of Egypt's Mediterranean coastline in Lower Egypt (northern Egypt), as chosen by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BCE. The North Coast has been the hub of sea travel between the Mediterranean Sea and the Nile Delta for over 2,300 years. During summer, Egyptians usually travel to the North Coast to flee heat in other towns and cities in Egypt. They stay in villages and resorts located in Sidi Abdel Rahman, El Alamein, and Ras El Hekma, amongst other areas.
Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia
Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia (Russian: Анна Петровна; 7 February [O.S. 27 January] 1708 – 15 March [O.S. 4 March] 1728) was the eldest daughter of Emperor Peter I of Russia and his wife Empress Catherine I. Her younger sister, Empress Elizabeth, ruled between 1741 and 1762. While a potential heir in the reign of her nephew Peter II, she never acceded to the throne due to political reasons. However, her son Peter III became Emperor in 1762, succeeding Elizabeth.
She was the Duchess Consort of Holstein-Gottorp by marriage. She was born in Moscow and died in Kiel in her youth, at the age of 20.

Alexander Danilovich Menshikov
Prince Alexander Danilovich Menshikov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Дани́лович Ме́ншиков; 16 November [O.S. 6 November] 1673 – 23 November [O.S. 12 November] 1729) was a Russian soldier and statesman. His official titles included Generalissimo, Prince of the Russian Empire and Duke of Izhora (Duke of Ingria), Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, Duke of Cosel. Rising from humble origins, he became a highly appreciated associate and friend of Tsar Peter the Great, leading to his rise as a prominent political and military figure in early 18th century Russia. He was the de facto ruler of Russia from 1725 to 1727.
Aigül Quspan
Aigül Saifollaqyzy Qūspan (Kazakh: Айгүл Сайфоллақызы Құспан, born 24 July 1961) is a Kazakh politician and diplomat, who's serving as a Member of the Mäjilis and Chairwoman of its Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Security since January 2021.

Before her parliamentary career, Qūspan served as the Ambassador of Kazakhstan to Belgium and Luxembourg, as well as Permanent Representative to the European Union and NATO from 22 May 2018 to 14 January 2021.

Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations and World Languages
The Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations and World Languages (KAUIR&WL, Kazakh Ablai Khan University) is a university in Almaty, Kazakhstan, that has provided foreign language education for 75 years. It used to be known as the Almaty Pedogogical Teacher's Institute of Foreign Languages.
Nabokov's Butterflies
Nabokov’s Butterflies is a book edited and annotated by Brian Boyd and Robert Michael Pyle that examines and presents Vladimir Nabokov’s passion for butterflies in his literary presentation.

The book contains a chapter by Boyd discussing the literary treatment of butterflies in VN’s work labeled "Nabokov, Literature, Lepidoptera", a chapter by Pyle to assess Nabokv’s standing as a lepidopterist ("Between Cloud and Climb") and writings of Nabokov concerning butterflies. The latter section includes previously unpublished writings by Nabokov, namely "Father’s Butterflies: Second Addendum to The Gift" (translated by Dmitri Nabokov) and "The Butterflies of Europe", notes concerning an unfinished book about the lepidoptera of Europe. The book also contains an addendum compiled by Pyle that lists butterflies described by Nabokov and butterflies named after him.

Dmitri Nabokov
Dmitri Vladimirovich Nabokov (Russian: Дми́трий Влади́мирович Набо́ков; May 10, 1934 – February 22, 2012) was an American opera singer and translator. Born in Berlin, he was the only child of Russian parents: author Vladimir Nabokov and his wife Véra; they emigrated to the United States from France in 1940. He later was naturalized. In his later years, Nabokov translated many of his father's works into other languages, and served as the executor of his father's literary estate.
Tenzan Prefectural Natural Park
Tenzan Prefectural Natural Park (天山県立自然公園, Tenzan kenritsu shizen kōen) is a Prefectural Natural Park in central Saga Prefecture, Japan. Established in 1970, the park spans the municipalities of Karatsu, Ogi, Saga, and Taku.

Ogi, Saga
Ogi (小城市, Ogi-shi) is a city located in the central part of Saga Prefecture on the island of Kyushu, Japan. As of 31 May 2024, the city had an estimated population of 44,120 in 17,548 households, and a  population density of 240 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 95.81 km2 (36.99 sq mi).
Orientia
Orientia is a genus of bacteria in family Rickettsiaceae. They are obligate intracellular, gram-negative bacteria found in insects and mammals. They are spread through the bites or feces of infected insects.

The genus comprises the species Orientia tsutsugamushi and Orientia chuto, which both cause scrub typhus in humans.

Glossary of biology
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms. It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology, Glossary of environmental science and Glossary of scientific naming, or any of the organism-specific glossaries in Category:Glossaries of biology.
Meerganj, Jaunpur
Meerganj is a village in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Meerganj is located 6 km kilometres north-east of Janghai Junction railway station and 1 km west of Jarauna railway station.

Jaunpur district
Jaunpur district is a district in the Varanasi Division of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The district headquarters is the city of Jaunpur which is situated on the banks of the Gomti River.  It is located 228 km southeast of the state capital Lucknow. 65 km northwest of Varanasi and 732 km southeast of New Delhi. The district has two Lok Sabha seats and nine Vidhan Sabha seats. According to the 2011 census, Jaunpur has a gender ratio of 1,018 females to 1,000 males, the highest in Uttar Pradesh. The most commonly spoken language in the district is Hindi.
Sean Thomson
Sean Thomson (born January 28, 1985) is a Canadian lacrosse player who played in the National Lacrosse League. Thomson played one season for the Philadelphia Wings before being traded to the Minnesota Swarm in 2010 for Kevin Colleluori.

Thomson was a member of the Peterborough Lakers during their 2007 Mann Cup championship season. While attending Guelph University, Thomson was a member of the Gryphons who won the 2008 Canadian University Field Lacrosse Association championship. Though he did not play for the Gryphons in 2008, he is expected to play in 2009. He was also named 2008 Burlington Male Athlete of the Year Award. Thomson also played lacrosse at Bellarmine University before transferring to Guelph.

Canadian University Field Lacrosse Association
The Canadian University Field Lacrosse Association (CUFLA) is an association of men's field lacrosse teams connected with several universities in Ontario and Quebec. Teams compete in the fall with league playoffs typically in early November.
Clanricarde
Clanricarde (English: /klænˈrɪkɑːrd/ klan-RIK-ard), also known as Mac William Uachtar (Upper Mac William) or the Galway Burkes, were a fully Gaelicised branch of the Hiberno-Norman House of Burgh who were important landowners in Ireland from the 13th to the 20th centuries.

Gaelicisation
Gaelicisation, or Gaelicization, is the act or process of making something Gaelic or gaining characteristics of the Gaels, a sub-branch of Celticisation. The Gaels are an ethno-linguistic group, traditionally viewed as having spread from Ireland to Scotland and the Isle of Man.

Gaelic, as a linguistic term, refers to the Gaelic languages but can also refer to the transmission of any other Gaelic cultural feature such as social norms and customs, music and sport.

It is often referred to as a part of Celtic identity since Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man are all considered Celtic nations, and the Gaelic languages are considered a sub-group of the Celtic languages.
Hamlet (2025 film)
Hamlet is a 2025 British drama film based on William Shakespeare's Hamlet, reimagined in a contemporary London. Directed by Aneil Karia and written by Michael Lesslie, it stars Riz Ahmed, Morfydd Clark, Joe Alwyn, Sheeba Chaddha, Avijit Dutt, Art Malik, and Timothy Spall. The film had its premiere at the 52nd Telluride Film Festival on 30 August 2025 and was released in theatres in the United Kingdom on 6 February 2026.

Prince Hamlet
Prince Hamlet is the title character and protagonist of William Shakespeare's tragedy Hamlet (1599–1601). He is the Prince of Denmark, nephew of the usurping Claudius, and son of King Hamlet, the previous King of Denmark. At the beginning of the play, he is conflicted whether, and how, to avenge the murder of his father, and struggles with his own sanity along the way. By the end of the tragedy, Hamlet has caused the deaths of Polonius, Laertes, Claudius, and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, two acquaintances of his from childhood. He is also indirectly involved in the deaths of his love Ophelia (drowning) and of his mother Gertrude (mistakenly poisoned by Claudius).
J. J. Barea
José Juan Barea Mora (born June 26, 1984) is a Puerto Rican basketball coach and former player. He played college basketball for the Northeastern Huskies before joining the Dallas Mavericks in 2006 and becoming the seventh Puerto Rican to play in the NBA. He went on to win an NBA championship with the Mavericks in 2011 before signing with the Minnesota Timberwolves, where he played for the next three seasons before returning to Dallas. He has also played in the NBA Development League and the Baloncesto Superior Nacional.

Barea was a member of the Puerto Rican national team that won the gold medal in the 2006 and 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games. He was the starting point guard for Puerto Rico when they won the gold medal in the 2011 Pan American Games and the silver medal in the 2007 Pan American Games.

Barea served as head coach of Mets de Guaynabo of the Baloncesto Superior Nacional (BSN) in 2024 and 2025.

NBA Summer League
The NBA Summer League is a series of off-season basketball competitions in which National Basketball Association (NBA) teams come together to try out different summer rosters instead of their regular season lineups, including rookie, sophomore and G League affiliate players. The primary competition that most teams participate in, the Las Vegas NBA Summer League, has been held in the Las Vegas area since 2004. In addition, the California Classic has been hosted by the Golden State Warriors or the Sacramento Kings since 2018, and the Utah Jazz has hosted the Salt Lake City Summer League (known as the Utah Jazz Summer League from 2015 to 2019) since 2015. Previously, the Orlando Magic hosted the Orlando Pro Summer League from 2002 to 2017. All those leagues are sometimes referred to as NBA Summer League when also mentioned with its host location.
Thomas Callister Hales
Thomas Callister Hales (born June 4, 1958) is an American mathematician working in the areas of representation theory, discrete geometry, and formal verification. In representation theory he is known for his work on the Langlands program and the proof of the fundamental lemma over the group Sp(4) (many of his ideas were incorporated into the final proof of the fundamental lemma, due to Ngô Bảo Châu).  In discrete geometry, he settled the Kepler conjecture on the density of sphere packings, the honeycomb conjecture, and the dodecahedral conjecture. In 2014, he announced the completion of the Flyspeck Project, which formally verified the correctness of his proof of the Kepler conjecture.

Fundamental lemma (Langlands program)
In the mathematical theory of automorphic forms, the  fundamental lemma relates orbital integrals on a reductive group over a local field to stable orbital integrals on its endoscopic groups. It was conjectured by Robert Langlands (1983) in the course of developing the Langlands program.  The fundamental lemma was proved by Gérard Laumon and Ngô Bảo Châu in the case of unitary groups and then by Ngô (2010) for general reductive groups, building on a series of important reductions made by Jean-Loup Waldspurger to the case of Lie algebras. Time magazine placed Ngô's proof on the list of the "Top 10 scientific discoveries of 2009". In 2010, Ngô was awarded the Fields Medal for this proof.
Triangle Marsh
Triangle Marsh is a wetland of the San Francisco Bay, situated at the base of Ring Mountain at the north end of the Tiburon Peninsula in Marin County, California.

Archaeological Pecked curvilinear nucleated petroglyphs, and recovery on Ring Mountain, hold significant evidence of Native American habitation and likely proof that early Miwok peoples exploited marine resources from Triangle Marsh.

The 31-acre (130,000 m2) property is owned by the Marin branch of the National Audubon Society who restored upland and wetland habitats there with funding from a variety of sources. Federal endangered species, including the clapper rail and salt marsh harvest mouse, live in the Marsh.

Tiburon Peninsula
The Tiburon Peninsula (French: Péninsule de Tiburon [penɛ̃syl də tibyʁɔ̃]; Haitian Creole: Penensil Tibiwon), or simply the Tiburon (French: Tiburon; Haitian Creole: Tibiwon), is a region encompassing most of Haiti's southern coast. It starts roughly at the southernmost point of the Haiti-Dominican Republic border and extends westward near Cuba, forming a large headland. Three of Haiti's ten departments are located entirely within the region. They are the departments of Grand'Anse, Nippes and Sud. A large part of Ouest department is also located in the region, with the capital, Port-au-Prince serving as the line of demarcation between central Haiti and the south. Half of Sud-Est is also located within the Tiburon Peninsula. The mountains on the peninsula are known as the Massif de la Hotte.