hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pinellas Park High School
Pinellas Park High School is a public secondary school in Largo, Florida, United States. It opened in the fall of 1976 and is part of the Pinellas County Schools system. The school mascot is the Patriot, and the school colors are red, white and blue. The school newspaper is called the Powder Horn Press and the yearbook is Occurrences. The school is home to the Criminal Justice Academy magnet program, as well as the First Responders magnet program.

Crimson Glory
Crimson Glory is an American heavy metal band that was formed in 1983 in Sarasota, Florida, USA. It started in 1979 under the name Pierced Arrow, then Beowulf, before settling on Crimson Glory. The classic line-up consisted of the vocalist Midnight, guitarists Jon Drenning and Ben Jackson, bass guitarist Jeff Lords and drummer Dana Burnell. With that lineup, the band rose to international fame in the mid-1980s and was considered one of the pioneers of the American progressive metal movement, along with Queensrÿche, Dream Theater, Fates Warning and Watchtower. During its career, the band released four studio albums and one EP.
The Crimson Banner
"The Crimson Banner" is a traditional Irish song, also known as "The Eighteenth of December" and "No Surrender!". Written by William Blacker in 1818, it is part of the Protestant Loyalist tradition.

The song celebrates the closing of the gates of the Ulster city of Derry to the approaching Jacobite Irish Army on 18 December 1688. Its lyrics also cover the subsequent Siege of Derry in 1689 when the Williamite forces held out until being relieved. The siege popularised the term "No Surrender!", which had previously been used by the defenders of Bandon earlier the same year.

The song's title refers to the crimson banner, a traditional gesture of defiance during sieges, which flew throughout the Derry campaign.

Siege of Derry
54°59′38″N 7°19′34″W﻿ / ﻿54.994°N 7.326°W﻿ / 54.994; -7.326

The siege of Derry in 1689 was the first major event in the Williamite War in Ireland. The siege was preceded by an attempt against the town by Jacobite forces on 7 December 1688 that was foiled when 13 apprentices shut the gates. This was an act of rebellion against James II.

The second attempt began on 18 April 1689 when James himself appeared before the walls with an Irish army led by Jacobite and French officers. The town was summoned to surrender but refused. The siege began. The besiegers tried to storm the walls, but failed. They then resorted to starving Derry. They raised the siege and left when supply ships broke through to the town. The siege lasted 105 days from 18 April to 1 August 1689. It is commemorated yearly by the Protestant community.
Povalikha
Povalikha (Russian: Повалиха) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Povalikhinsky Selsoviet, Pervomaysky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 3,089 as of 2013. There are 37 streets.

Pervomaysky District, Altai Krai
Pervomaysky District (Russian: Первома́йский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the krai. The area of the district is 3,616 square kilometers (1,396 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the town of Novoaltaysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:  50,100 (2010 Census); 47,467 (2002 Census); 45,484 (1989 Soviet census).
Chicago Valley
Chicago Valley is a valley in Inyo County, California. The head of Chicago Valley lies at 36°07′25″N 116°10′39″W﻿ / ﻿36.12361°N 116.17750°W﻿ / 36.12361; -116.17750 and runs south to its mouth that lies at an elevation of 2,028 feet / 618 meters in the vicinity of Resting Springs where it meets the Greenwater Valley. The Chicago Valley lies between the Resting Spring Range on the west and the Nopah Range on the east and north.

Resting Spring Range
The Resting Spring Range is found in the eastern Mojave Desert of California near the Nevada state line in the United States. The range lies in a generally north–south direction to the west of the Nopah Range and southeast of the Amargosa Range and Greenwater Range.

The mountains in Inyo County, California, lie between the Amargosa River and California State Route 127 to the west and Stewart and Chicago valleys and California State Route 178 to the east.
165 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force
The 165 Squadron is an Air Defence Group squadron of the Air Defence and Operations Command, Republic of Singapore Air Force. It operates the Rapier missile purchased from British Aerospace since 1983, providing air defence cover against low-flying aircraft.

With its motto, "Pride in Protection", the squadron conducted its first live-firing exercise at the Royal Artillery Range in Hebrides, the United Kingdom in July 1984, and participated in its first overseas deployment exercise in 1985 in Exercise Air Thai-Sing (now known as Exercise Cope Tiger) at Chandy Range in Thailand.

Motto
A motto (derived from the Latin muttum, 'mutter', by way of Italian motto, 'word' or 'sentence') is a sentence or phrase expressing a belief or purpose, or the general motivation or intention of an individual, family, social group, or organization. Mottos (or mottoes) are usually found predominantly in written form (unlike slogans, which may also be expressed orally), and may stem from long traditions of social foundations, or from significant events, such as a civil war or a revolution. One's motto may be in any language, but Latin has been widely used, especially in the Western world.
Bolitophila
Bolitophila is the sole living genus in the Bolitophilidae, a family of Diptera in the superfamily Sciaroidea, with around 40 Palaearctic and about 20 Nearctic species, and three species from the Oriental region (Taiwan). They are small (6–9 mm).

Nearctic realm
The Nearctic realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface.

The Nearctic realm covers most of North America, including Greenland, Central Florida, and the highlands of Mexico. The parts of North America that are not in the Nearctic realm include most of coastal Mexico, southern Mexico, southern Florida, coastal central Florida, Central America, Bermuda and the Caribbean islands. Together with South America, these regions are part of the Neotropical realm.
Idvor
Idvor (Serbian Cyrillic: Идвор) is a village in northern Serbia. It is located in the Kovačica municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority (93.98%) and its population numbers 1,198 people (2002 census).

South Banat District
The South Banat District (Serbian: Јужнобанатски округ, romanized: Južnobanatski okrug, pronounced [jûʒnobǎnaːtskiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the geographical region of Banat. According to the 2022 census, the South Banat District has a population of 260,244 inhabitants. The administrative center of the district is the city of Pančevo.
Weston Park Hospital
Weston Park Hospital is a health facility specialising in the treatment of cancer in Broomhill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. It is managed by the Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.

Broomhill and Sharrow Vale
Broomhill and Sharrow Vale — which includes the districts of Broomhill, Broomhall, Crookesmoor, Endcliffe, Sharrow Vale and Tapton Hill — is one of the 28 electoral wards in City of Sheffield, England. The ward was created following the 2015 local government boundary review out of parts of the old Broomhill, Central and Nether Edge wards. It is located in the western part of the city. The population of the Broomhill ward in 2011 was 16,966 people in 5,708 households, covering an area of 2.7 km2. Broomhill & Sharrow Vale is one of the wards that make up the Sheffield Central Parliamentary Constituency.
Warring (surname)
Warring is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

James Warring (born 1958), American boxer

Kahale Warring (born 1997), American football player

Lynne Warring (born 1963), New Zealand footballer

James Warring
James Warring (born November 26, 1958) is an American boxer, kickboxer and mixed martial artist. In professional boxing, he held the IBF world cruiserweight title from 1991 until 1992. In kickboxing, Warring is a four-time world champion, which included WKA world titles in 1983 and 1989. Warring alog with Troy Dorsey are the only 
two fighters to hold World titles in both Boxing and Kickboxing simultaneously although Warring held Kickboxing titles on the international rules level.
Timeline of reactions to the 2020 Hong Kong national security law (February 2021)
On 22 February 2021, Xia Baolong, director of the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office, proposed that Hong Kong's governance had to be in the hands of "patriots". Observers considered it possible that the definition of "patriot" would require candidates for public office to embrace the rule of the Chinese Communist Party, as also suggested by Hong Kong Secretary for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Erick Tsang; and that this signified a departure from the position that had prevailed since a speech by China's paramount leader Deng Xiaoping in 1984.

British and Australian governments reminded their nationals that dual nationality was no longer recognized in Hong Kong. On 28 February, 47 pro-democracy protestors from the 6 January arrests were called to a court session on 1 March; their earlier bail agreements had set the session date to early April.

Hong Kong High Court
The High Court of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a part of the Judiciary of Hong Kong, consisting of the upper Court of Appeal and the lower Court of First Instance. It also deals with criminal and civil cases which have risen beyond the lower courts.

The hierarchy of the Hong Kong judiciary from high to low is: the Court of Final Appeal, the High Court (consisting of the upper Court of Appeal and the lower Court of First Instance), the District Court, and magistrates' courts.

It is a superior court of record of unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction. It was named the Supreme Court before 1997. Though previously named the Supreme Court, this Court has long been the local equivalent to the Senior Courts of England and Wales and has never been vested with the power of final adjudication.
1893 Burnley by-election
The 1893 Burnley by-election was held on 6 February 1893 after the resignation of the incumbent Liberal MP Jabez Spencer Balfour due to the collapse of the Liberator Building Society, for which he was eventually convicted.  It was retained by the Liberal candidate Philip Stanhope.

Liberator Building Society
The Liberator Building Society was a British building society that was formed in 1868 by Jabez Balfour and failed in 1892 due to fraud perpetrated by its founder.

Balfour used his widespread non-conformist and temperance connections to raise funds, it became the largest building society in the country by the 1890s. However, by the end, most of the mortgages were to finance speculative developments by other Balfour-controlled companies at prices which were fraudulent.

In 1892, Balfour’s bank collapsed, followed by some of his development companies. The Liberator Building Society was unable to meet the demand from withdrawals and in October 1892 a liquidator was appointed. More than £8m. was lost to the Liberator and its associates.
Tyrrhenian (stage)
The Tyrrhenian Stage is the last faunal stage of the Pleistocene in Italy.  It runs from 0.26 million (260,000) to 0.01143 million (11,430) years ago.   It overlaps with the end of the Middle Pleistocene and all of the Late Pleistocene.  The time period of the Tyrrhenian Stage is the same as that of the Senegalese fauna assemblage.

Stage (stratigraphy)
In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition.  A given stage of rock and the corresponding age of time will by convention have the same name, and the same boundaries.

Rock series are divided into stages, just as geological epochs are divided into ages. Stages are divided into smaller stratigraphic units called chronozones or substages, and added together into superstages.

The term faunal stage is sometimes used, referring to the fact that the same fauna (animals) are found throughout the layer (by definition).
Timeline of prime ministers of Great Britain and the United Kingdom
This is a graphical timeline of prime ministers of Great Britain and the United Kingdom from when the first prime minister of Great Britain in the modern sense, Robert Walpole, took office in 1721, until the present day.

From 1801 until 1922, British prime ministers also held the office for the whole of Ireland.

Bar chart
A bar chart or bar graph is a chart or graph that presents categorical data with rectangular bars with heights or lengths proportional to the values that they represent. The bars can be plotted vertically or horizontally.  A vertical bar chart is sometimes called a column chart and has been identified as the prototype of charts.

A bar graph shows comparisons among discrete categories. One axis of the chart shows the specific categories being compared, and the other axis represents a measured value. Some bar graphs present bars clustered or stacked in groups of more than one, showing the values of more than one measured variable.
Method of moments (probability theory)
In probability theory, the method of moments is a way of proving convergence in distribution by proving convergence of a sequence of moment sequences.  Suppose X is a random variable and that all of the moments

exist.  Further suppose the probability distribution of X is completely determined by its moments, i.e., there is no other probability distribution with the same sequence of moments
(cf. the problem of moments).  If

for all values of k, then the sequence {Xn} converges to X in distribution.

The method of moments was introduced by Pafnuty Chebyshev for proving the central limit theorem; Chebyshev cited earlier contributions by Irénée-Jules Bienaymé. More recently, it has been applied by Eugene Wigner to prove Wigner's semicircle law, and has since found numerous applications in the theory of random matrices.

Pafnuty Chebyshev
Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev (Russian: Пафну́тий Льво́вич Чебышёв, IPA: [pɐfˈnutʲɪj ˈlʲvovʲɪtɕ tɕɪbɨˈʂof]) (16 May [O.S. 4 May] 1821 – 8 December [O.S. 26 November] 1894) was a Russian mathematician and considered to be the founding father of Russian mathematics.

Chebyshev is known for his fundamental contributions to the fields of probability, statistics, mechanics, and number theory. A number of important mathematical concepts are named after him, including the Chebyshev inequality (which can be used to prove the weak law of large numbers), the Bertrand–Chebyshev theorem, Chebyshev polynomials, Chebyshev linkage, and Chebyshev bias.
Valuation Tribunal for England
The Valuation Tribunal for England (VTE) is a tribunal of the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government that considers appeals of local council decisions on council tax, business rates and other related matters in England.

It was established by the Local Government Finance Act 1992.  Together with the Valuation Tribunal Service (which administers it instead of HMCTS as with most courts), it is known as the Valuation Tribunal.

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government
The Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for housing, communities, and local government in England. It was established in May 2006 and is the successor to the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, established in 2001. The department shares its headquarters building, at 2 Marsham Street in London, with the Home Office.

There are corresponding departments in the Scottish Government, the Welsh Government, and the Northern Ireland Executive, responsible for communities and local government in their respective jurisdictions.
Howard Hawkes
Howard George Hawkes (October 28, 1894 – May 15, 1970) was an American football and basketball coach.  He served the head football coach at Western Illinois University in Macomb, Illinois for four seasons, from 1922 to 1925, compiling a record of 14–15–2.  Hawkes was also the head basketball coach at Western Illinois from 1923 to 1926, tallying mark of 37–14.  A native of Windham, Maine, Hawkes graduated from Windham High School in 1911.  He received his B.P.E. degree from International Y.M.C.A. College at Springfield, Massachusetts in 1923.

Macomb, Illinois
Macomb (/məˈkoʊm/) is a city in and the county seat of McDonough County, Illinois, United States.  It is situated in western Illinois, about 75 miles (121 km) southwest of Peoria.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 15,051. Macomb is the home of Western Illinois University.
Nanban (soundtrack)
Nanban is the soundtrack to the 2012 Tamil-language coming-of-age comedy-drama film of the same name directed by S. Shankar, starring Vijay, Jiiva, and Srikanth. Produced by Gemini Film Circuit, the film as an adaptation of Rajkumar Hirani's 3 Idiots (2009). The soundtrack to the film, features six tracks composed by Harris Jayaraj and lyrics written by Pa. Vijay, Viveka, Na. Muthukumar and Madhan Karky. The film's soundtrack was launched on 23 December 2011 through the company's subsidiary Gemini Audio. For the Telugu-dubbed version, Snehitudu, the album features six tracks written by Sirivennela Sitaramasastri, Vanamali, Ramajogayya Sastry. The soundtrack was also released on 19 January 2012.

Pa. Vijay
B. Vijay is an Indian lyricist, poet, writer, director, producer and actor  who predominantly works in Tamil cinema. He won the National Film Award for Best Lyrics in India for his song Ovvoru Pookalume in Cheran's Autograph (2004).
Mount Sladen
Mount Sladen is a conspicuous pyramid-shaped mountain, 890 m, standing 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km) northeast of Saunders Point in eastern Coronation Island, in the South Orkney Islands. Surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1948–49. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Dr. William J.L. Sladen of the FIDS, medical officer and biologist at Hope Bay in 1948, and at Signy Island in 1950. During the 1960s and 1970s, Dr. Sladen was chief United States Antarctic Research Program (USARP) investigator concerned with studies of penguins at Cape Crozier, Ross Island.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Sladen". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

60°41′S 45°17′W﻿ / ﻿60.683°S 45.283°W﻿ / -60.683; -45.283

Coronation Island
Coronation Island is the largest of the South Orkney Islands, 25 nautical miles (46 km) long and from 3 to 8 nautical miles (5.6 to 14.8 km) wide. The island extends in a general east–west direction, is mainly ice-covered and comprises numerous bays, glaciers and peaks, the highest rising to 1,265 metres (4,150 ft).
Altoqualine
Altoqualine is an isoquinoline once studied for its potential use as an antihistamine and antiallergic, but it was never a marketed drug.  It is an inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase. It was only tested in men, not women.

Isoquinoline
Isoquinoline is an individual chemical specimen—a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound—as well as the name of a family of many thousands of natural plant alkaloids, any one of which might be referred to as "an isoquinoline". It is a structural isomer of quinoline. Isoquinoline and quinoline are benzopyridines, which are composed of a benzene ring fused to a pyridine ring. In a broader sense, the term isoquinoline is used to make reference to isoquinoline derivatives. 1-Benzylisoquinoline is the structural backbone in many naturally occurring alkaloids such as papaverine. The isoquinoline ring in these natural compound derives from the aromatic amino acid tyrosine.
Georgia–South Ossetia border
The Georgia–South Ossetia separation line is a de facto boundary set up in aftermath of the 1991–1992 South Ossetia War and Russo-Georgian War, which  separates the self-declared Republic of South Ossetia from the territory controlled by the Government of Georgia. South Ossetia, and those states that recognise its independence, view the line as an international border separating two sovereign states, whereas the Georgian government views it as an occupation line in accordance with the Georgian "Law on Occupied Territories of Georgia". The Constitution of Georgia does not recognize South Ossetia as having any special status within Georgia, therefore the line does not correspond to any Georgian administrative area, with the territory claimed by the Republic of South Ossetia shared out amongst several Georgian Mkhares: Shida Kartli, Imereti, Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti and Mtskheta-Mtianeti.

Constitution of Georgia (country)
The Constitution of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს კონსტიტუცია, sakartvelos k'onst'it'utsia) is the supreme law of the nation of Georgia. It was approved by the Parliament of Georgia on 24 August 1995 and entered into force on 17 October 1995. The Constitution replaced the Decree on State Power of November 1992 which had functioned as an interim basic law following the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Blockade of La Rochelle
The Blockade of La Rochelle (French: Blocus de La Rochelle) took place in 1621-1622 during the repression of the Huguenot rebellion by the French king Louis XIII.

In June 1621, Louis XIII besieged and captured Saint-Jean d'Angély, a strategic city controlling the approaches to the Huguenot stronghold of La Rochelle. Louis XIII chose however to move south with his main force for the Siege of Montauban.

Saint-Jean-d'Angély
Saint-Jean-d'Angély (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɑ̃ dɑ̃ʒeli] ⓘ; Saintongeais: Sént-Jhan-d'Anjhéli) is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in southwestern France.

The commune has its historical origins in the Abbey of Saint-Jean-d'Angély.
James Parker (hammer thrower)
James Daniel Parker (December 3, 1975 – August 19, 2023) was an American track and field athlete who specialized in the hammer throw. He represented the United States at the 2004 Summer Olympics. He won the silver medal at the 2003 Pan American Games.

Hammer throw
The hammer throw (Abbreviated as HT) is one of the four throwing events in regular outdoor track-and-field competitions, along with the discus throw, shot put and javelin.

The hammer used in this sport is not like any of the tools also called by that name. It consists of a metal ball attached by a steel wire to a grip. These three components are each separate and can move independently. Both the size and weight of the ball vary between men's and women's events. The men's hammer weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 lb) for college and professional meets; the women's hammer weighs 4 kilograms (8.8 lb).
Gerald Giam
Gerald Giam Yean Song (born 22 November 1977) is a Singaporean politician. A member of the Workers' Party (WP), Giam has been the Non-Constituency Member of Parliament (NCMP) between 2011 and 2015. He has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Bedok Reservoir–Punggol division of Aljunied Group Representation Constituency (GRC) since 2020.

East Coast Group Representation Constituency
The East Coast Group Representation Constituency is a five-member Group Representation Constituency (GRC) in the eastern area of Singapore. It consists of locations such as East Coast Park, Bedok, Changi (in part), Simei, Siglap, Joo Chiat and Chai Chee. A large portion of Singapore's eastern territorial waters also belongs to the GRC. It is divided into the divisions of Bedok, Changi–Simei, Fengshan, Kampong Chai Chee and Joo Chiat, which are managed by East Coast Town Council. The current Members of Parliament (MPs) are Dinesh Vasu Dash, Jessica Tan, Hazlina Abdul Halim, Tan Kiat How and Edwin Tong from the People's Action Party (PAP).