hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lucipara Islands
5°29′39″S 127°32′32″E﻿ / ﻿5.4943°S 127.5423°E﻿ / -5.4943; 127.5423

Lucipara Islands, aka Pulau-pulau Maisel, are about 50 km west of Penyu Islands, both of which belong to Molucca Islands.  They are directly south of Manipa Strait (Selat Manipa) near Ceram. The islands are famous for their sea turtle population.

Edmund Roberts visited the islands briefly in the 19th century. He called them Lucepara in his 1832 journal.

Locals that used to live on Pulau Mai stake a claim to the islands. They sometimes harvest the atoll's coconuts.

The Lucipara Islands lie just southwest of the Penyu Islands and just northeast of Skaro Reef.

Edmund Roberts (diplomat)
Edmund Roberts (June 29, 1784 – June 12, 1836) was an American diplomat. Appointed by President Andrew Jackson, he served as the United States' first envoy to the Far East and went on USS Peacock on non-resident diplomatic missions to the courts of Cochinchina, Thailand ("Siam") and Muscat and Oman during 1832 to 1836.

Roberts concluded treaties with Thailand and Said bin Sultan, Sultan of Muscat and Oman, ratified in Washington, D.C. 30 June 1834. He returned in 1836 to exchange ratifications with Oman and Thailand and to the court of Minh Mạng in Vietnam for a second attempt at negotiation. He fell ill with dysentery and died in Portuguese Macau, which precluded his becoming America's first envoy to Edo Japan.
Gum Creek (Virginia)
Gum Creek is a historic home located near Columbia, Fluvanna County, Virginia.  It was built about 1797, and is a 1+1⁄2-story, three-bay, center passage plan frame dwelling on a stone foundation.  Two one-story, shed roofed additions were built after 1839. It features unpainted original interior woodwork, a basement kitchen and stone and brick end chimneys. Also on the property are a contributing smokehouse, buggy shed, and the original stone-enclosed spring.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Columbia, Virginia
Columbia, formerly known as Point of Fork, is a village and census designated place in Fluvanna County, Virginia, United States, at the confluence of the James and Rivanna rivers. Following a referendum, Columbia was dissolved as an incorporated town – until that time, it was the smallest in Virginia – on July 1, 2016. As of the 2010 census, the town's population was 83, up from 49 at the 2000 census.

Columbia is part of the Charlottesville Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is on the border between Fluvanna County and Goochland County.
U.S. Permanent Committee for the Oliver Wendell Holmes Devise
The U.S. Permanent Committee for the Oliver Wendell Holmes Devise is a committee established by Congress in 1955 after the late  Associate Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. bequeathed a portion of his estate to the United States in 1935. The Congress used the gift to establish the Committee to document and disseminate the history of the Court. The Committee is composed of five members - the Librarian of Congress and four additional members appointed by the  President to serve eight-year terms. As of October 2020, the Commission has published ten volumes detailing the history of the Supreme Court.

Librarian of Congress
The librarian of Congress is the head of the Library of Congress, appointed by the president of the United States with the advice and consent of the United States Senate, for a term of ten years. The librarian of Congress also appoints and oversees the Register of Copyrights of the U.S. Copyright Office and has broad responsibilities around copyright, extending to electronic resources and fair use provisions outlined in the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. The librarian determines whether particular works are subject to DMCA prohibitions regarding technological access protection.  In addition, the librarian appoints the U.S. poet laureate and awards the Gershwin Prize for Popular Song.
Saint Francis Red Flash softball
For information on all Saint Francis University sports, see Saint Francis Red Flash

The Saint Francis Red Flash softball team represents Saint Francis University in NCAA Division I college softball.  The team participates in the Northeast Conference (NEC). The Red Flash are currently were most recently led by head coach Beth Krysiak. The team plays its home games at Red Flash Softball Field, which is located on the college's campus.

Saint Francis University
Saint Francis University (SFU) is a private Catholic university in Loretto, Pennsylvania, United States. It was founded in 1847 and conducted under the tradition of the Franciscan Friars of the Third Order Regular. The university is situated on 600 acres (243 ha) in the forests and farmland of Loretto.
U-duality
In physics, U-duality (short for unified duality) is a symmetry of string theory or M-theory combining S-duality and T-duality transformations. The term is most often met in the context of the "U-duality (symmetry) group" of M-theory as defined on a particular background space (topological manifold). This is the union of all the S-duality and T-duality available in that topology. The narrow meaning of the word "U-duality" is one of those dualities that can be classified neither as an S-duality, nor as a T-duality - a transformation that exchanges a large geometry of one theory with the strong coupling of another theory, for example.

The idea was introduced by Hull and Townsend.

Paul Townsend
Paul Kingsley Townsend (/ˈtaʊnzənd/; born 3 March 1951) is a British physicist, currently a Professor of Theoretical Physics in Cambridge University's Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics. He is notable for his work on string theory.
Mark Goffman
Mark Goffman is an American television writer and producer. He currently serves as an executive producer for the Netflix series The Umbrella Academy. Prior to that, Goffman worked as the showrunner and an executive producer for CBS's Bull.

Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip
Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip is an American comedy-drama television series created for NBC and primarily written by Aaron Sorkin. The series was about the production of a live comedy series similar to Saturday Night Live. Produced by Warner Bros. Television, Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip ran from September 18, 2006, to June 28, 2007. On May 14, 2007, NBC canceled the series after one season (becoming Sorkin's only series not to air for more than one season). Twenty-two episodes were produced.
2012 transit of Venus
The 2012 transit of Venus, when the planet Venus appeared as a small, dark spot passing across the face of the Sun, began at 22:09 UTC on 5 June 2012, and finished at 04:49 UTC on 6 June. Depending on the position of the observer, the exact times varied by up to ±7 minutes. Transits of Venus are among the rarest of predictable celestial phenomena and occur in pairs. Consecutive transits per pair are spaced 8 years apart, and consecutive pairs occur more than a century apart: The previous transit of Venus took place on 8 June 2004 (preceded by transits on 9 December 1874 and 6 December 1882); the next pair of transits will occur on 10–11 December 2117 and December 2125 within the 22nd century.

3rd millennium
The third millennium of the Anno Domini or Common Era is the current millennium spanning the years 2001 to 3000. It began on January 1, 2001 (MMI) and will end on December 31, 3000 (MMM), (21st to 30th centuries; in astronomy: JD 2451910.5 – 2817151.5).

Ongoing futures studies seek to understand what will likely continue and what could plausibly change in this period and beyond.
Chip Silverman
Howard Burton "Chip" Silverman, Ph.D., M.P.H., M.S., C.A.S., was the author of five books, coached the NCAA's only African-American college lacrosse team and was the former head of the Maryland Drug Abuse Administration.

Professional degrees of public health
The Master of Public Health (MPH), Master of Science in Public Health (MSPH), Master of Medical Science in Public Health (MMSPH) and the Doctor of Public Health (DrPH), International Masters for Health Leadership (IMHL) are interdisciplinary professional degrees awarded for studies in areas related to public health. The MPH degree focuses on public health practice, as opposed to research or teaching. Master of Public Health programs are available throughout the world in Schools of Public Health, Programs in Public Health, Medical Schools, and Schools of Public Affairs. MPH degrees, in addition to including a core curriculum, will usually also let students pursue a specialization in a specific field, such as epidemiology, biostatistics, or health management.
Bally Nischinda Chittaranjan Vidyalaya
Bally Nischinda Chittaranjan Vidyalaya is a high school located in Bally, Howrah district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The school was established in 1951. The school belongs to Nischinda Gram Panchayat in Bally area. The school is taught from class five to class twelve. The school is mainly run by day branch.

Bally, Howrah
Bally is a neighbourhood in Howrah of Howrah district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Bally is under the jurisdiction of Bally Police Station of Howrah City Police. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).
Osamu Kudō
Osamu Kudō (工藤 修, Kudō Osamu; 1915 – 3 March 1942) was an officer and ace fighter pilot in the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Pacific theater of World War II. In aerial combat over China and the Pacific, he was officially credited with destroying seven enemy aircraft. Kudō was killed in action while participating in an air attack on Broome, Australia on 3 March 1942. He was shot down by ML-KNIL Lieutenant Gus Winckel, who had dismounted the 7.99mm machine gun from his Lockheed Lodestar and balanced it on his shoulder while firing.

Ace
An ace is a playing card, die or domino with a single pip. In the standard French deck, an ace has a single suit symbol (a heart, diamond, spade, or a club) located in the middle of the card, sometimes large and decorated, especially in the case of the ace of spades. This embellishment on the ace of spades started when King James VI of Scotland and I of England required an insignia of the printing house to be printed on the ace of spades. The mark served to identify the printing house and to confirm payment of a stamp tax. Although this legal requirement ended in 1960, many card manufacturers have continued the custom. In other countries the stamp and embellishments are usually found on ace cards; clubs in France, diamonds in Russia, and hearts in Genoa because they have the most blank space.
Bondari
Bondari (Russian: Бондари) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Bondari, Pskovsky District, Pskov Oblast, a village in Pskovsky District of Pskov Oblast

Bondari, Sebezhsky District, Pskov Oblast, a village in Sebezhsky District of Pskov Oblast

Bondari, Tambov Oblast, a selo in Bondarsky Selsoviet of Bondarsky District in Tambov Oblast

Bondarsky District
Bondarsky District  (Russian: Бо́ндарский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeastern central part of the oblast.  The district borders with Pichayevsky District in the north, Gavrilovsky District in the east, Rasskazovsky District in the south, and with Tambovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,252.3 square kilometers (483.5 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Bondari. Population: 13,191 (2010 Census);  15,311 (2002 Census); 18,723 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Bondari accounts for 44% of the district's total population. The district has 11 villages and 56 rural settlements.
Yvonne Lombard
Yvonne Lombard (born 28 May 1929) is a Swedish actress. Born in Stockholm, Lombard studied at the Royal Dramatic Theatre ("Dramaten") there, where she trained between 1948 and 1951 with the likes of Max von Sydow and Ingrid Thulin. She has performed in several films, television series and in the theatre. She is perhaps best known for her collaboration with director Ingmar Bergman in A Lesson in Love. She was married to author Lennart Hellsing from 1953 until his death in November 2015.

Ingrid Thulin
Ingrid Lilian Thulin (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɪ̌ŋːrɪd tɵˈliːn]; 27 January 1926 – 7 January 2004) was a Swedish actress and director who collaborated with filmmaker Ingmar Bergman. She was often cast as harrowing and desperate characters, and earned acclaim from both Swedish and international critics. She won the Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actress for her performance in Brink of Life (1958) and the inaugural Guldbagge Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for The Silence (1963), and was nominated for a Best Supporting Actress BAFTA for Cries and Whispers (1972).
Northfield (community), Wisconsin
Northfield is an unincorporated community located in the town of Northfield, Jackson County, Wisconsin, United States. Northfield is located at the junction of Interstate 94 and Wisconsin Highway 121, 7 miles (11 km) northwest of Hixton.

Wisconsin Highway 121
State Trunk Highway 121 (often called Highway 121, STH-121 or WIS 121) is a 45.07-mile (72.53 km) state highway in Buffalo, Trempealeau, and Jackson counties in the west-central area of the US state of Wisconsin that runs east–west from Gilmanton to near Alma Center.
2000 BMW Open – Doubles
Daniel Orsanic and Mariano Puerta were the defending champions, but Puerta did not participate this year.  Orsanic partnered with Jaime Oncins, losing in the quarterfinals.

David Adams and John-Laffnie de Jager won the title, defeating Max Mirnyi and Nenad Zimonjić 6–4, 6–4 in the final.

Daniel Orsanic
Daniel Orsanic (Croatian: Daniel Oršanić, pronounced [dǎniel ǒrʃanitɕ]; born 11 June 1968) is a former professional  tennis player from Argentina. He was captain of the Argentina Davis Cup team that won the country's first title in 2016.
1st Mountain Brigade (Poland)
The 1st Mountain Brigade (1. Brygada Górska) was a unit of the Polish Army during the interbellum period, which took part in the Polish September Campaign. Commanded by Colonel Janusz Galadyk, it was part of the Bielsko Operational Group of the Army Kraków. It consisted mostly of units of the Border Defence Corps (KOP), sent to southwestern Poland from the Eastern Borderlands. Created on July 7, 1939, its task was to defend the southern wing of the Army, in the section between Żywiec and Rabka.

Polish Land Forces
The Land Forces (Polish: Wojska Lądowe) are the ground forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 110,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stretches back a millennium – since the 10th century (see List of Polish wars and History of the Polish Army). Poland's modern army was formed after Poland regained independence following World War I in 1918.
Donets Railway
The Donets Railway (Ukrainian: Донецька залізниця, romanized: Donetska zaliznytsia) is a railway in Donbas, Eastern Ukraine. It is one of six rail systems owned and operated by Ukrainian Railways. It is part-owned by the Ukrainian government; Russia has claimed it since the 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine. Because of that, only part of the Donetsk Railway is operational. In December 2014, a regional branch of Ukrzaliznytsia Donetsk Railway was created and the headquarters was moved from Donetsk to Lyman.

Ilovaisk
Ilovaisk (Ukrainian: Іловайськ, pronounced [iloˈwɑjsʲk] ⓘ; Russian: Иловайск) is a city in Donetsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine; residence of Ilovaisk urban hromada. The city is de facto annexed by Russia and administered by the Donetsk People's Republic.

The city is known as a major regional railroad hub. It was also the site of a battle in the war in Donbas. The city has a population of 15,396 (2022 estimate), 17,620 (2001).
Paraburkholderia rhizoxinica
Paraburkholderia rhizoxinica is a gram-negative, oxidase and catalase-positive, motile bacterium from the genus Paraburkholderia and the family Burkholderiaceae which was isolated from the plant pathogenic fungus, Rhizopus microsporus. The complete genome of Paraburkholderia rhizoxinica is sequenced.

Oxidase
In biochemistry, an oxidase is an oxidoreductase (any enzyme that catalyzes a redox reaction) that uses dioxygen (O2) as the electron acceptor. In reactions involving donation of a hydrogen atom, oxygen is reduced to water (H2O) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Some oxidation reactions, such as those involving monoamine oxidase or xanthine oxidase, typically do not involve free molecular oxygen.

The oxidases are a subclass of the oxidoreductases. The use of dioxygen is the only unifying feature; in the EC classification, these enzymes are scattered in many categories.
FIA WTCR Race of the Czech Republic
The FIA WTCR Race of the Czech Republic is a round of the World Touring Car Cup, which is held at the Autodrom Most in the Czech Republic.

The race took place between 2006 season and 2011 season at the Masaryk Circuit in Brno. After an absence of 10 years, the championship returned to the Czech Republic in 2021 in Most.

World Touring Car Cup
The FIA World Touring Car Cup (abbreviated to WTCR, referring to the use of TCR regulations) was an international touring car championship promoted by Eurosport Events and sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). It has had different incarnation of a World Touring Car Cup held between 1993 and 1995. Following the 2017 season, an agreement was reached for the World Touring Car Championship (WTCC) to become WTCR and use the TCR technical regulations. As factory teams were not allowed to compete in WTCR, the series lost the 'World Championship' status of the WTCC, instead becoming a 'Cup'.
Alvin S. Keys House
The Alvin S. Keys House is a historic house located at 1600 Illini Road in Leland Grove, Illinois. The house was built in 1929-30 for Republican politician and community leader Alvin S. Keys. At the time, Leland Grove was one of the most exclusive of Springfield's developing suburbs; the Keys House had an especially desirable location, as it was across the street from the Illini Country Club. Architect Murray S. Hanes designed the house in the Colonial Revival style, one of the most popular styles in America at the time. The front facade features a projecting entrance with a decorative fanlight and side lights; the rest of the facade is fairly plain, so as not to detract from the entrance. The interior incorporates Colonial woodwork and features into a modern floor plan, which included a powder room for guests, a recreation room, a screened porch, and an attached garage.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 6, 1994.

Fanlight
A fanlight is a form of lunette window (transom window), often semicircular or semi-elliptical in shape, with glazing bars or tracery sets radiating out like an open fan. It is placed over another window or a doorway, and is sometimes hinged to a transom. The bars in the fixed glazed window spread out in the manner of a sunburst. It is also called a sunburst light. In federation housing it is also called a toplight or top light.
Bandwidth smearing
Bandwidth smearing is a type of chromatic aberration (color-related distortion) in the image of a celestial body (like a star or galaxy) observed using an astronomical interferometer (a system combining multiple telescopes to act as one). It is caused by the range of radio frequencies (or bandwidth) used in the observation, where, in Fourier terms, different frequencies capture slightly different spatial details of the object’s shape. This leads to a blurred or stretched appearance in the final image, often with elongated features pointing outward. In radio astronomy, this effect can be reduced by using higher spectral resolution (narrower frequency ranges) or adjusting the image reconstruction process to account for these differences.

Chromatic aberration
In optics, chromatic aberration (CA), also called chromatic distortion, color aberration, color fringing, or purple fringing, is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same point. It is caused by dispersion: the refractive index of the lens elements varies with the wavelength of light. The refractive index of most transparent materials decreases with increasing wavelength. Since the focal length of a lens depends on the refractive index, this variation in refractive index affects focusing. Since the focal length of the lens varies with the color of the light, different colors of light are brought to focus at different distances from the lens or with different levels of magnification. Chromatic aberration manifests itself as "fringes" of color along boundaries that separate dark and bright parts of the image.
Koeppel
Koeppel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred J. Koeppel (1932–2001), American real estate developer

Gerard Koeppel (born 1975), American author and historian

Gerhard Koeppel (1936–2012), German historian of Roman art

Horst Köppel (born 1948), German football manager and former player

Dan Koeppel (born 1962), American author

Nora Köppel (born 1972), Argentine weightlifter

Roger Köppel (born 1965), Swiss politician, journalist, entrepreneur and publicist

Roger Köppel
Roger Jürg Köppel (born 21 March 1965) is a Swiss journalist, entrepreneur, publicist and conservative politician, who served as a member of the National Council for the Swiss People's Party from 2015 to 2023. He is the editor-in-chief and publisher of Die Weltwoche, a Swiss weekly magazine. He previously worked as editor-in-chief for Die Welt from 2004 to 2006.
2001 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament – Doubles
David Adams and John-Laffnie de Jager were the defending champions but only Adams competed that year with Marius Barnard.

Adams and Barnard lost in the first round to Dominik Hrbatý and David Prinosil.

Jonas Björkman and Roger Federer won in the final 6–3, 6–0 against Petr Pála and Pavel Vízner.

Pavel Vízner
Pavel Vízner (born 15 July 1970) is a retired professional male tennis player from the Czech Republic. Vízner has reached the French Open final twice, having had turned professional in 1990 and achieved a career high doubles ranking of World No. 5 in November 2007.
Nancy Calhoun
Nancy Calhoun (born July 10, 1944) is a retired Republican member of the New York State Assembly for the 96th district. She was first elected in 1990. Born in Suffern, New York, she began her career as in 1976 as Washingtonville Central School District Tax Collector and served in the position until 1984. She elected to the  Blooming Grove town board in 1982 and served until 1985. She was elected Supervisor of the town of Blooming Grove in 1985 and served until 1990.

After losing the nomination of the Orange County Republican Party, Calhoun decided to retire after 22 years in the Assembly. The district was re-numbered as the 99th, and Democrat James Skoufis won the 2012 election to represent this area now.

Suffern, New York
Suffern (/ˈsʌfərn/ ⓘ) is a village that was incorporated in 1796 in the town of Ramapo in Rockland County, New York. Located adjacent to the town of Mahwah, New Jersey, Suffern is located 31 miles northwest of Manhattan. As of the 2020 census, Suffern's population was 11,402.