hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
R v Morgentaler (1993)
R v Morgentaler was a decision by the Supreme Court of Canada invalidating a provincial attempt to regulate abortions in Canada.  This followed the 1988 decision R. v. Morgentaler, which had struck down the federal abortion law as a breach of section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.  In 1993, the provincial regulations were ruled to be a criminal law, which would violate the Constitution Act, 1867.  That Act assigns criminal law exclusively to the federal Parliament of Canada.

Section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a constitutional provision that protects an individual's autonomy and personal legal rights from actions of the government in Canada. There are three types of protection within the section: the right to life, liberty and security of the person. Denials of these rights are constitutional only if the denials do not breach what is referred to as fundamental justice.

This Charter provision provides both substantive and procedural rights. It has broad application beyond merely protecting due process in administrative proceedings and in the adjudicative context, and has in certain circumstances touched upon major national policy issues such as entitlement to social assistance and public health care. As such, it has proven to be a controversial provision in the Charter.
MadHouse (TV series)
MadHouse is an American television series that aired on the History Channel in 2010. It follows four teams of Modified class race car drivers through the 2009 season at Bowman Gray Stadium. The Modified Division is NASCAR's oldest division, and while the Northeast is the most popular region for this class of motorsport (NASCAR Hall of Fame member Richie Evans from Rome, NY, was a nine time Modified Division champion and won the inaugural touring series championship for Modifieds), it is a fan favorite at the Piedmont Triad's quarter-mile speedway.

Junior Miller, Tim "The Rocket" Brown, Burt and Jason Myers and Chris Fleming are the five drivers who are followed throughout the series. Later drivers Jonathan "Jon Boy" Brown, Austin Pack, and Gene Pack are introduced to the audience.

Richie Evans
Richard Ernest Evans (July 23, 1941 – October 24, 1985), was an American racing driver who won nine NASCAR National Modified Championships, including eight in a row from 1978 to 1985. The International Motorsports Hall of Fame lists this achievement as "one of the supreme accomplishments in motorsports". Evans won virtually every major race for asphalt modifieds, most of them more than once, including winning the Race of Champions three times. Evans was inducted into the NASCAR Hall of Fame on June 14, 2011. As one of the Class of 2012, Evans was one of the Hall's first 15 inductees, and was the first Hall of Famer from outside the now NASCAR Cup Series.
San Diego Studio
San Diego Studio is an American video game developer of Sony Interactive Entertainment based in Sorrento Valley, San Diego. It is responsible for MLB: The Show games. The studio also developed the NBA series, The Mark of Kri, High Velocity Bowling, and Sports Champions.

Sorrento Valley, San Diego
Sorrento Valley is a neighborhood of San Diego, California. It is roughly bounded by Interstate 5 and Interstate 805, Camino Santa Fe to the east, the Los Peñasquitos Canyon Preserve to the north and Miramar Road to the south, as shown on the San Diego Police Department's neighborhood map. It encompasses Sorrento Mesa and is part of San Diego Unified School District.

While originally envisioned and zoned for industrial use, Sorrento Valley is now home to over 5,000 residents spread across three major single family home and condominium developments. Sorrento Valley is known as a center for high tech, biotech and scientific research, aided by its close proximity to the University of California, San Diego. It is part of the city's Mira Mesa, Torrey Pines, and University community planning areas.
Galloping Gertie
"Galloping Gertie" is a 1975 saloon piano song by Sam Fonteyn. The song was featured in "Blackened Sponge" (season five, episode fourteen) of SpongeBob SquarePants.

It was used as the "Play me off, Johnny" music by the Vaudeville characters Vern and Johnny on Family Guy and appears in the episodes "Blind Ambition", "Perfect Castaway", "The Father, the Son and the Holy Fonz", "Deep Throats", "Saving Private Brian" and "Back to the Woods".

The Father, the Son, and the Holy Fonz
"The Father, the Son, and the Holy Fonz" is the 18th episode of the fourth season of the American animated television series Family Guy. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on December 18, 2005. The episode follows Peter's decision to find a new religion for himself. After several failed attempts, he chooses the one man who has always been there for him, Fonzie, and starts the First United Church of the Fonz.

The episode was written by Danny Smith and directed by James Purdum. It received mostly positive reviews from critics for its storyline and many cultural references. According to Nielsen ratings, it was viewed in 8.26 million homes in its original airing in the United States. The episode featured guest performances by Paula Abdul, Tom Bosley, Gary Cole, Charles Durning, Sherman Hemsley, Phil LaMarr, Sherry Romito, Marion Ross, Amir Talai, Fred Tatasciore, Sarah Utterback and Wally Wingert, along with several recurring guest voice actors for the series.
M2 hol family
The Mycobacterial 2 TMS Phage Holin (M2 Hol) Family (TC# 1.E.36) is a group of transporters belonging to the Holin Superfamily VII. The Mycobactrerial 2 transmembrane segment (TMS) Holins have been identified and recognized by Catalao et al (2012). The Mycobacterium phage D29 gp11 protein (TC# 1.E.36.1.7) is a holin that, upon expression, rapidly kills both E. coli and Mycobacterium smegmatis. Shortening gp11 from its C-terminus resulted in diminished cytotoxicity and smaller holes. The two TMSs at the N-terminus alone do not integrate into the cytoplasmic membrane and do not show toxicity. Fusion of the two TMSs and a small C-terminal coiled-coil region resulted in restoration of cell killing. The second TMS is dispensable for toxicity. The gp11 C-terminal region is therefore necessary but not sufficient for toxicity.

Coiled coil
A coiled coil is a structural motif in proteins in which two to seven alpha-helices are coiled together like the strands of a rope. (Dimers and trimers are the most common types.) They have been found in roughly 5-10% of proteins and have a variety of functions. They are one of the most widespread motifs found in protein-protein interactions. To aid protein study, several tools have been developed to predict coiled-coils in protein structures. Many coiled coil-type proteins are involved in important biological functions, such as the regulation of gene expression — e.g., transcription factors. Notable examples are the oncoproteins c-Fos and c-Jun, as well as the muscle protein tropomyosin.
2015 AFC Asian Cup squads
The 2015 AFC Asian Cup was an international football tournament that was held in Australia from 9 to 31 January 2015. The 16 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 23 players, including three goalkeepers. Only players in these squads were eligible to take part in the tournament.

Before announcing their final squad, several teams named a provisional squad of 23 to 30 players, but each country's final squad of 23 players had to be submitted by 30 December 2014. Replacement of injured players was permitted until six hours before the team's first Asian Cup game. Players marked (c) were named as captain for their national squad. Number of caps counts until the start of the tournament, including all FIFA-recognized pre-tournament friendlies. Player's age is their age on the opening day of the tournament.

Ki Sung-yueng
Ki Sung-yueng (Korean: 기성용; Hanja: 奇誠庸; Korean pronunciation: [ki.sʌŋ.joŋ]; born 24 January 1989) is a South Korean professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for K League 1 club Pohang Steelers.

From 2008 to 2019, Ki was a full international for South Korea, gaining 110 caps. He was selected in their squads for three World Cups, leading them as captain in the 2018 edition in Russia, and participated in three Asian Cups, finishing as runner-up in the 2015 edition. He has also played at two Olympic Games with his country, winning bronze in 2012.

On 20 May 2015, Ki was voted Swansea City's Player of the Year as he scored eight goals in 33 appearances, with whom he also won the EFL Cup in 2013. He has also won the Scottish Premier League and the Scottish Cup with Celtic.
Nothing Breaks Like a Heart
"Nothing Breaks Like a Heart" is a song by British musician Mark Ronson featuring American singer Miley Cyrus, released on 29 November 2018 by RCA Records as the lead single from Ronson's fifth studio album, Late Night Feelings (2019).

The song was a worldwide success, peaking at number 1 on eleven official charts, and reaching the top 5 on eleven other official charts. It peaked at number 2 on the UK Singles Chart and number 43 on the US Billboard Hot 100. The song was nominated for Song of the Year at the 2020 Brit Awards, marking Cyrus' first ever nomination.

Brit Awards 2020
Brit Awards 2020  was the 40th edition of the British Phonographic Industry's annual pop music show, the Brit Awards, and was marketed as "The 40th Show". It was held on 18 February 2020 at the O2 Arena in London, with Jack Whitehall as the host for the third year running.

BBC Radio 1 host Alice Levine hosted the BRITs Are Coming Nominations Launch Show on 11 January 2020. The show was broadcast on ITV.
Sylvester Johnson
Sylvester M. Johnson is a retired American law enforcement officer. He served on the Philadelphia Police Department for forty-three years, including six years as the city's 13th Police Commissioner from January 4, 2002, until January 7, 2008.

Johnson joined the Philadelphia police department in 1964 and was soon assigned to the city's Highway Patrol. In 1972 Johnson was awarded the medal of valor, the police department's highest award, for stopping the armed robbery of a supermarket in Cheltenham, Pennsylvania, while off-duty.

Philadelphia Mayor John F. Street appointed Johnson as Police Commissioner to succeed outgoing police chief John Timoney. He took office on January 4, 2002. Johnson was credited with lowering Philadelphia's murder rate during his first year in office. He also improved some community relations. He retired on January 7, 2008.

Cheltenham, Pennsylvania
Cheltenham is an unincorporated community in Cheltenham Township, Pennsylvania, United States, with a ZIP code of 19012. It is located directly over the city line (Cheltenham Avenue) of Philadelphia. It also borders Northeast Philadelphia over the Fox Chase Line on the east and over Cottman Avenue (PA 73) on the north side. The community is listed for statistical purposes as the Cheltenham Village census-designated place.  As of the 2020 census it had a population of 1,993.

By the mid-1980s, many Korean Americans moved out of Logan, Philadelphia and moved into Cheltenham and other communities.

Cheltenham is represented by Madeleine Dean in the 4th Congressional District.

As of 2016, Taiwanese airline EVA Air provides a private bus service to and from John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City for customers based in the Philadelphia area. It stops in Cheltenham.
Faribault River
The Faribault River is a tributary of the east bank of the Chibougamau River flowing into Eeyou Istchee Baie-James (municipality), in Jamésie, in the administrative region from Nord-du-Québec, in Quebec, Canada.

This river runs successively through the townships of Roy, Mackenzie and Blaiklock.

Forestry is the main economic activity of the sector; recreational tourism activities, second.

The Faribault River valley is served by the forest road (North-South direction) connected to the South at the route 167 which passes to Chibougamau.

The surface of the Faribault River is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however, safe ice circulation is generally from mid-November to mid-April.

Quebec Route 167
Route 167 is an isolated provincial highway in Quebec, Canada. It begins at the shore of Lac Saint-Jean in Saint-Félicien. It proceeds north-west to Chibougamau 232 km (144.2 mi) away. The only services along this long stretch are at La Doré and Chibougamau. At Chibougamau, the highway turns north-east towards Mistissini.

Maps are conflicting about the northernmost extent of this highway. The latest provincial road map shows the highway ending 16 km (9.9 mi) south of Mistissini, while the pavement does continue to the town itself. According to Ministère des transports publication "Distances routières", the route continues up as far as Lac-Albanel, east of Lac Mistassini.
Eparchy of Gornji Karlovac
The Eparchy of Gornji Karlovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Епархија горњокарловачка, Croatian: Eparhija gornjokarlovačka; "Eparchy of Upper Karlovac") is an eparchy of the Serbian Orthodox Church seated in the city of Karlovac, Croatia. It covers the area of Banovina, Kordun, Lika, Krbava, Gorski Kotar, as well as northern Croatia and Istria.

The important Orthodox Christian monasteries in the region are Gomirje near Ogulin and Komogovina Monastery between Glina and Kostajnica.

Krbava
Krbava (pronounced [kř̩bav̞a]; Latin: Corbavia) is a historical region located in Mountainous Croatia and a former Catholic bishopric (1185–1460), precursor of the diocese of Modruš and present Latin titular see.

It can be considered either located east of Lika, or indeed as the eastern part of Lika. The town of Udbina is the central settlement of the Krbava karst field, the Krbavsko Polje.
Anna Ekström
Anna Elsa Gunilla Ekström (née Jonsson; born 23 June 1959) is a Swedish Social Democrat politician who served as Minister for Education from January 2019 to October 2022. She previously served as the Minister for Upper Secondary School, Adult Education and Training from 2016 to 2019 and as director-general of the National Agency for Education from 2011 to 2016.

In 2015, she, along with Göran Hägglund, participated in the SVT show På spåret; they placed second overall.

She is the daughter of former Prosecutor-General of Sweden (1989–1994) Torsten Jonsson and Birgitta Jonsson (née Gyllenhammar), a cousin of Swedish businessman Pehr G. Gyllenhammar. Her brother is former Liberal Party state secretary Håkan Jonsson.

Göran Hägglund
Bo Göran Hägglund (born 27 January 1959) is a Swedish politician of the Christian Democrats. He was the leader of the Christian Democrats from 2004 to 2015, Member of the Riksdag from 1991 to 2015, and served as Minister for Social Affairs from 2006 to 2014.
2023 Mexico City Open – Doubles
Nicolás Jarry and Matheus Pucinelli de Almeida were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Boris Arias and Federico Zeballos won the title after defeating Evan King and Reese Stalder 7–5, 5–7, [10–2] in the final.

Boris Arias
Boris Arias (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈboɾis ˈaɾjas]; born 9 November 1993) is a Bolivian tennis player.

Arias has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 80 achieved on 18 March 2024 and a career high singles ranking of No. 1,065 achieved on 16 July 2012. Arias has won six ITF Futures doubles titles.

Arias has represented Bolivia at the Davis Cup, where he has a W/L record of 4–1.
Charles Jost Burchell
Charles Jost Burchell, PC (1 July 1876 – 12 August 1967) was a Canadian diplomat. He served as Canada's first High Commissioner to Australia from 1939 to 1941 and as Canada's first and last High Commissioner to the Dominion of Newfoundland serving from 1941 to 1944 and again from 1948 to 1949.

Burchell also raised the possibility of the island, which was then ruled by a British appointed Commission of Government, might join Canadian Confederation following the war. He "quietly sounded out prominent St. John's citizens on Confederation and quietly encouraged St. John's lawyer John McEvoy to promote publicly Confederation between the two countries." Burchell concluded that the restoration of responsible government by Britain may have to occur before the island would consider joining Canada.

High commissioner
High commissioner is the title of various high-ranking, special executive positions held by a commission of appointment.

The English term is also used to render various equivalent titles in other languages.
Georg von Hertling
Georg Friedrich Karl Freiherr von Hertling, from 1914 Count von Hertling, (31 August 1843 – 4 January 1919) was a German politician of the Catholic Centre Party. He was foreign minister and minister president of Bavaria, then imperial chancellor of the German Reich and minister president of Prussia from 1 November 1917 to 30 September 1918. He was the first party politician to hold the two offices; all of his predecessors were career civil servants or military men.

Hertling's Catholicism played an important role in both his academic and political life. He belonged to the conservative wing of the Centre Party and resisted moves towards making the government dependent on the will of parliament rather than on the emperor, a stance that helped bring down his government in the final months of World War I.

Kingdom of Württemberg
The Kingdom of Württemberg (German: Königreich Württemberg [ˌkøːnɪkʁaɪç ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk]) was a German state that existed from 1806 to 1918, located within the area that later became Baden-Württemberg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Electorate of Württemberg, which existed from 1803 to 1806.
Tokunaga
Tokunaga (徳永 or 德永) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Tokunaga clan, Japanese clan

Ai Tokunaga (徳永 愛; born 1981), Japanese voice actress

Akihito Tokunaga (徳永 暁人; born 1971), Japanese composer

Chinami Tokunaga (徳永 千奈美; born 1992), Japanese singer

Eri Tokunaga (徳永 えり; born 1988), Japanese actress

Eri Tokunaga (politician) (徳永 エリ; born 1962), Japanese politician

Hideaki Tokunaga (德永 英明; born 1961), Japanese singer

Hisashi Tokunaga (徳永 久志; born 1963), Japanese politician

Sunao Tokunaga, Japanese writer

Yoshitaka Tokunaga (德永 祥尭; born 1992), Japanese rugby sevens player

Yuhei Tokunaga (徳永 悠平; born 1983), Japanese footballer

Tokunaga clan
Tokunaga clan (徳永氏, Tokunaga-shi) was a Japanese clan of the premodern period, which claimed descent from the Fujiwara clan. During the late Azuchi-Momoyama to early Edo periods, one of its branches was the daimyō family which ruled the Takasu fief. It was dispossessed by the Shogunate, but later forgiven, and carried on as a high-ranking hatamoto family.
Girlfriend (Tyler Medeiros song)
"Girlfriend" is a song from Canadian pop singer Tyler Medeiros and was the debut single off his debut EP TM. The song features guest vocals from fellow CP Records labelmate and cousin Danny Fernandes. The song was released on October 26, 2010 on iTunes. Lyrically, the song is a 'boy-meets-girl' story in that he will do anything for her if she was his 'girlfriend'. The song peaked at number 90 on the Canadian Hot 100.

CP Music Group
CP Music Group is a collaborative music label and management team for a roster of artists, songwriters and producers. It was co-founded in 2002 as Capital Prophets Records by Lebanese-Canadian entrepreneur Wassim "SAL" Slaiby and Palestinian-Canadian songwriter Belly.
1950 Kulmbach by-election
The Kulmbach by-election on May 14, 1950 was the first by-election for the Bundestag (Germany) that had been established 1949.  It was caused by the death of Friedrich Schönauer (SPD) April 4, 1950 who had been elected at the 1949 German federal election

Despite an increased result of the SPD, they lost the seat to Johannes Semler (CSU), who was supported by BP and FDP.

This by-election showed a strange effect in the German AMS electoral system of the first election. The SPD in Bavaria had won this seat in the first past the post constituency, but all seats are justified through proportional representation. By winning the Kulmbach seat at the by-election the CSU had technically greater representation than their 1949 results would have proportionally given them. This was changed in January 1953 so only a by-election takes place if the election was not held or if a candidate dies before the general election.

1949 West German federal election
A federal election was held in West Germany on 14 August 1949 to elect the members of the first Bundestag, with a further eight seats elected in West Berlin between 1949 and January 1952 and another eleven between February 1952 and 1953. They were the first free federal elections in West Germany since 1933 and the first after the division of the country.

The CDU/CSU formed a centre-right coalition government with the FDP and the DP.
Mac Cuilinn
MacCuillinn or Mac Cuillann is an Irish surname. The name is the patronymic form of a personal name derived from cuileann (translation from Irish Gaelic: holly). The name has become Anglicised as MacCullen & McCullen, and MacQuillan & McQuillan. The name appears in Irish mythology. The family are thought to have been Celtic Kings between the 5th and 12th century.

Saint Macculind (or Macallan, MacCuilinn, Macculin Dus, Maculinus; died c. 497) was an early Irish saint who was abbot or bishop of Lusk.

McQuillan
McQuillan and MacQuillan are surnames of Irish origin. There are several unrelated origins of the surnames McQuillan and MacQuillan.

The Ulster variant of the surname was claimed to be an anglicisation of the Gaelic Mac Uighilín (son of Hugelin), the name allegedly adopted by the family of Hugelin de Mandeville. The de Mandevilles were a Cambro-Norman family and had conquered an area of north Antrim. In reality the de Mandevilles sold their estates in northern Antrim to the McQuillans of County Down. Both families had previously held the office of "constable of the bonnaght" for the Earldom of Ulster – a system adopted from the Irish where mercenaries were hired to act as a body of standing troops. The McQuillans renamed the lands they acquired "the Route", derived from their "rout", a common term then for a private army.
PMHC cellular microarray
PMHC cellular microarrays are a type of cellular microarray that has been spotted with pMHC complexes peptide-MHC class I or peptide-MHC class II.

These biochips can be used to interrogate immune cells, particularly antigen-specific T cells, from clinical samples for what they are capable of
recognizing.  They can also be co-spotted with other molecules, such as antibodies that capture cytokines, allowing for high-throughput functional
analysis of the captured T cells.  Molecules spotted on a pMHC cellular microarray can be classified as capture molecules, detector molecules and effector
molecules.

They were developed by Daniel Chen, Yoav Soen, Dan Kraft, Pat Brown and Mark Davis
at Stanford University Medical Center.

MHC class I
MHC class I molecules are one of two primary classes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules (the other being MHC class II) and are found on the cell surface of all nucleated cells in the bodies of vertebrates. They also occur on platelets, but not on red blood cells. Their function is to display peptide fragments of proteins from within the cell to cytotoxic T cells; this will trigger an immediate response from the immune system against a particular non-self antigen displayed with the help of an MHC class I protein. Because MHC class I molecules present peptides derived from cytosolic proteins, the pathway of MHC class I presentation is often called cytosolic or endogenous pathway.

In humans, the HLAs corresponding to MHC class I are HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C.