hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cardeñajimeno
Cardeñajimeno (Spanish pronunciation: [kaɾðeɲaxiˈmeno]) is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It belongs to the comarca of Alfoz de Burgos and to the judicial district of Burgos. According to the 2025 census (INE), it has a population of 1,185 inhabitants. The municipality covers an area of 12.17 square kilometres (4.70 sq mi).

The municipality of Cardeñajimeno is made up of two localities: Cardeñajimeno (seat or capital) and San Medel.

Comarcas of Spain
In Spain, a  comarca (Spanish: [koˈmaɾka] ⓘ) 
is a traditional informal territorial division, comprising several municipalities sharing geographical, economic or cultural traits, typically with not well defined limits. Modernly, they have been formally defined for all the autonomous communities of Spain, as territorial entities intermediate between the municipality and the province, although their status ranges from official and with administrative functions (providing common local government services) in some communities, to unofficial and based on mere preliminary studies in other communities.

In English, a comarca is equivalent to an area, county, district, or zone.
Georgian Railways Class VMK EMU
The Class ვმკ (VMK) and its successor GRT is an EMU (Electric multiple unit) by CSR Corporation Limited with the top speed of 130 km/h, operated by Georgian Railways under 3 kV DC overhead wires on cross-country routes.

CSR Corporation Limited
CSR Corporation Limited (CSR), formerly known as China South Locomotive & Rolling Stock Corp was a Chinese manufacturer of locomotive and rolling stock.

In 2015, the company merged with China CNR to form CRRC.
Sir John Philipps, 1st Baronet
Sir John Philipps, 1st Baronet (died 27 March 1629) was a Welsh landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1601.

Philipps was the son of Morgan Philipps of Picton and his wife Elizabeth Fletcher, daughter of Richard Fletcher of Bangor, Caernarvonshire. He was registrar of the diocese of Bangor. In 1585 he succeeded to the estate of Picton Castle which had passed to his father from William Philipps who was MP for Pembrokeshire in 1559. He spent much of his life involved in property disputes. He was High Sheriff of Pembrokeshire in 1595.

In 1601, Philipps was elected Member of Parliament for Pembrokeshire.   He was appointed a J.P on 13 April 1603. In 1611 he was High Sheriff of Pembrokeshire again. He was created a baronet on 9 November 1621. He was High Sheriff of Carmarthenshire for 1622–23. Philipps died in 1629 and was buried at Slebech.

Picton Castle
Picton Castle (Welsh: Castell Pictwn) is a medieval castle near Haverfordwest in the community of Uzmaston, Boulston and Slebech, Pembrokeshire, Wales. Originally built at the end of the 13th century by a Flemish knight, it later came into the hands of Sir John Wogan. The castle and gardens are now owned and managed by the Picton Castle Trust, a registered charity, for the benefit of the public. It is of unusual construction and has been remodelled several times during its history. The castle is a Grade I listed building and its gardens and park are designated at Grade II* on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.
Tony Chavonne
Anthony G. "Tony" Chavonne is an American politician, accountant and realtor. He served as the Mayor of Fayetteville, North Carolina, for four consecutive, two-year terms from 2005 until 2013. First elected in 2005, Chavonne ran unopposed in 2007. He again won re-election in 2009 and 2011. In 2013, Chavonne announced that he would not seek re-election after eight years in office.

During his tenure as mayor, the city's population expanded from 150,000 people to over 200,000 people. Chavonne attended Massey Hill Classical High School, and was inaugurated into the school's Hall of Fame in 2025.

Fayetteville, North Carolina
Fayetteville (/ˈfeɪətvɪl/ FAY-ət-vil, locally /ˈfɛdvəl/ FED-vəl) is a city in and the county seat of Cumberland County, North Carolina, United States. Fort Bragg, a U.S. Army installation, is located in the city.

Fayetteville has received the All-America City Award from the National Civic League four times. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 208,501. It is the 6th-most populous city in North Carolina. Fayetteville is in the Sandhills in the western part of the Coastal Plain region, on the Cape Fear River.

With an estimated population of 392,336 in 2023, the Fayetteville metropolitan area is the second-most populous city in southeastern North Carolina and the 142nd-most populous in the United States. Suburban areas of metro Fayetteville include Fort Bragg, Hope Mills, Spring Lake, Raeford, Pope Field, Rockfish, Stedman, and Eastover.
Dave's Picks Volume 12
Dave's Picks Volume 12 is a three-CD live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.  It contains the complete concert recorded on November 4, 1977 at Colgate University in Hamilton, New York.  It was produced as a limited edition of 14,000 numbered copies, and was released by Rhino Records on November 1, 2014.  The album also includes over 75 minutes of bonus tracks recorded on November 2, 1977 at a concert at Seneca College in Toronto.

The album Dick's Picks Volume 34 was recorded on November 5, 1977—the night after Dave's Picks Volume 12—at the Community War Memorial in Rochester, New York.  That album also includes extensive bonus material from the November 2 Seneca College concert.

Colgate University
Colgate University is a private college in Hamilton, New York, United States. A liberal arts college, it was founded in 1819 as the Baptist Education Society of the State of New York and operated under that name until 1823, when it was renamed Hamilton Theological and Literary Institution, often called Hamilton College (1823–1846), then Madison College (1846–1890), and its present name since 1890.

Colgate enrolls approximately 3,200 students in 56 undergraduate majors that culminate in a Bachelor of Arts degree. The student body is 54% female and 46% male. Students participate in over 200 clubs and organizations. While Colgate offers an almost entirely undergraduate program, it also has a small graduate program leading to the Master of Arts in Teaching. The college competes in NCAA Division I sports and is part of the Patriot League athletic conference and ECAC Hockey.
Hugo Schmitt
Hugo Schmitt, born July 19, 1904, in Bann, Landkreis Kaiserslautern, in Southwestern Rheinland-Pfalz in Germany, dead August 9, 1977, in Sarasota, Florida, United States, was a German-American circus artist, animal trainer and one of the world's most famous elephant trainers with a record of 55 elephants performing in the ring. Starting his career at Carl Hagenbeck Circus-Stellingen in Germany, Schmitt was elephant superintendent at the world's largest circus, Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus in the US from 1947 to 1971.

Animal training
Animal training is the act of teaching animals specific responses to specific conditions or stimuli. Training may be for purposes such as companionship, detection, protection,  and entertainment. The type of training an animal receives will vary depending on the training method used, and the purpose for training the animal. For example, a seeing eye dog will be trained to achieve a different goal than a wild animal in a circus.

In some countries animal trainer certification bodies exist. They do not share consistent goals or requirements; they do not prevent someone from practicing as an animal trainer nor using the title. Similarly, the United States does not require animal trainers to have any specific certification. An animal trainer should consider the natural behaviors of the animal and aim to modify behaviors through a basic system of reward and punishment.
Office of Industrial Relations
The Office of Industrial Relations is a Queensland Government agency with responsibility for coordination and regulation of workplace health and safety,  electrical safety, and workers' compensation regulation in the state of Queensland, Australia. The agency coordinates administration of the Workplace Health and Safety Queensland, The Workers' Compensation Regulator, and the Electrical Safety Office.

The agency is responsible to the Minister for Industrial Relations, presently the Hon. Jarrod Bleijie MP.

Electrical safety testing
In electrical engineering, electrical safety testing is essential to make sure electrical products and installations are safe. To meet this goal, governments and various technical bodies have developed electrical safety standards. All countries have their own electrical safety standards that must be complied with. To meet to these standards, electrical products and installations must pass electrical safety tests.

Some types of electrical safety tests include:

dielectric withstand test (also called a hipot test)

insulation resistance test (IR test)

earth continuity test

leakage current test

Electrical safety tests are described in various national and international standards.
Orenburg Higher Military Aviation School for Pilots
The I. S. Polbin Orenburg Red Banner Higher Military Aviation School for Pilots (Russian: Оренбургское высшее военное авиационное Краснознаменное училище лётчиков имени И. С. Полбина, OVVAKUL) was a flight training school of the Soviet Air Force, located in the city of Orenburg. One of the oldest flight schools in the air force, the school was established in Moscow in 1921, and moved to Orenburg in 1927. The school was disbanded in 1993.

Orenburg
Orenburg (Russian: Оренбу́рг, pronounced [ɐrʲɪnˈburk]), formerly known as Chkalov (1938–1957), is the administrative center of Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It lies in Eastern Europe, near the boundary of Europe and Asia, along the banks of the Ural River, being approximately 1,480 kilometers (920 mi) southeast of Moscow.

Orenburg is close to the border with Kazakhstan. It was the capital of the Kazakh ASSR from 1920 to 1925.
Zac Nearchou
Zac Nearchou (born Reading,  16 November 2000) is an English rugby union player.
His usual position is as a Prop and he currently plays for Championship Rugby team Cambridge.

In 2020-21 season, he played, on loan, with Italian Pro14 team Benetton.

He was educated at Radley College, Oxford.

Nearchou can also operate at hooker and has represented England at Under 18s and Under 19s levels.

England national under-20 rugby union team
The England Under 20 rugby team are the newest representative rugby union team from England. They replace the two former age grade teams Under 19s and Under 21s. They compete in the annual Six Nations Under 20s Championship and World Rugby Under 20 Championship.

The head coach of the team is Alan Dickens.
SS Laura Bridgman
SS Laura Bridgman was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Laura Bridgman, the first deaf-blind American child to gain a significant education in the English language.

Deafblindness
Deafblindness is a condition of little or no useful hearing and little or no useful sight. Different degrees of vision loss and auditory loss occur within each individual. Because of this, deafblind people require varied management plans in order to improve their outcomes in areas such as communication, education, work, and general life satisfaction.

According to the Nordic Leadership Forum on Deafblindness, it is a distinct disability, as the impairment of one organ makes it difficult to compensate for the impairment of the other.

The deafblind community has its own culture, comparable to those of the Deaf community. Some deafblind individuals view their condition as a part of their identity.
Berat District
Berat District (Albanian: Rrethi i Beratit) was one of the 36 districts of Albania, which were dissolved in July 2000 and replaced by 12 counties. It had a population of 128,410 in 2001, and an area of 915 km2 (353 sq mi). It is in the centre of the country, and its capital was the city of Berat. Another large population centre in this district was Ura Vajgurore. Its territory is now part of Berat County: the municipalities of Berat, Dimal, Poliçan (partly) and Kuçovë (partly).

This is also the birthplace of Sejfi Protopapa, a Balli Kombëtar leader.

Berat County
Berat County (Albanian pronunciation: [beɽat]; Albanian: Qarku Berat), officially the County of Berat (Albanian: Qarku i Beratit), is a county in the Southern Region of the Republic of Albania. It is the ninth largest by area and the ninth most populous of the twelve counties, with around 140,956 people within an area of 1,798 km2 (694 sq mi). The county borders the counties of Elbasan to the north, Korçë to the east, Gjirokastër to the south and Fier to the west. It is divided into five municipalities, Berat, Dimal, Kuçovë, Poliçan and Skrapar, with all of whom incorporate twenty-five administrative units.
Qian Shugen
Qian Shugen (Chinese: 钱树根; born 29 March 1939) is a general in the People's Liberation Army of China. He was an alternate member of the 13th and 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and a member of the 15th and 16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in session from 2002 to 2007. It held seven plenary sessions. It was set in motion by the 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. The 15th Central Committee preceded it. It was followed by the 17th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

It elected the 16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party in 2002. There were seven plenary sessions held in the five-year period facilitated by the Politburo.
Gliozzi Peak
Gliozzi Peak is a peak, 1,475 metres (4,840 ft) high, standing 3 nautical miles (6 km) south of Plummer Glacier in the Douglas Peaks of the Heritage Range, Antarctica. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for James Gliozzi, a glaciologist on the United States Antarctic Research Program South Pole—Queen Maud Land Traverse I of 1964–65.

United States Antarctic Program
The United States Antarctic Program (or USAP; formerly known as the United States Antarctic Research Program or USARP and the United States Antarctic Service or USAS) is an organization of the United States government which has a presence in the Antarctica continent. Founded in 1959, the USAP manages all U.S. scientific research and related logistics in Antarctica as well as aboard ships in the Southern Ocean.
Wawina, Minnesota
Wawina is an unincorporated community in Wawina Township, Itasca County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located between Grand Rapids and Floodwood at the junction of U.S. Highway 2 and Itasca County Road 25.

Nearby places include Floodwood, Swan River, Warba, Jacobson, and Goodland.

Wawina is located 13 miles northwest of Floodwood.  Wawina is also located 23 miles southeast of Grand Rapids; and 53 miles northwest of Duluth.  The boundary line between Itasca, Saint Louis, and Aitkin counties is nearby.

The community of Wawina is located within Wawina Township (population 77).

ZIP Codes 55736 (Floodwood) and 55784 (Swan River) meet at Wawina.

Aitkin County, Minnesota
Aitkin County (/ˈeɪkɪn/ AY-kin) is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,697. Its county seat is Aitkin. Part of the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation is in the county. The county was created in 1857 and organized in 1871.
LNER Pacifics
The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) operated various classes steam locomotives with a 4-6-2 (or Pacific) wheel arrangement. They had more Pacifics than any other of the Big Four British railway companies and were mostly used for express passenger work along the East Coast Main Line, though later many were displaced to other lines.

Wheel arrangement
In rail transport, a wheel arrangement or wheel configuration is a system of classifying the way in which wheels are distributed under a locomotive. Several notations exist to describe the wheel assemblies of a locomotive by type, position, and connections, with the adopted notations varying by country.  Within a given country, different notations may also be employed for different kinds of locomotives, such as steam, electric, and diesel powered.

Especially in steam days, wheel arrangement was an important attribute of a locomotive because there were many different types of layout adopted, each wheel being optimised for a different use (often with only some being actually "driven"). Modern diesel and electric locomotives are much more uniform, usually with all axles driven.
James Grant, 12th of Glenmoriston
James Murray Grant, 12th of Glenmoriston, JP, DL (1792–1868) was a Scottish Highland chieftain and laird of Glenmoriston. The son of Lt.-Col. John Grant, 10th of Glenmoriston (1762–1801) and Elizabeth Townsend Grant (1765–1814), he succeeded his brother Patrick as chieftain of the Grants of Glenmoriston in 1808.

Grant married his cousin Henrietta Cameron (1788–1871), daughter of Ewen Cameron, 13th of Glen Nevis and Helen Grant (daughter of the 9th laird of Glenmoriston), on 5 October 1813. They had four children.

He held the office of Deputy lieutenant for Inverness-shire, and was also a Justice of the peace. He inherited the Moy estate on the death of his cousin, Hugh Grant of Moy. He died on 8 August 1868 at Urquhart, Inverness-shire, Scotland. He was succeeded by his grandson, Iain Robert James Murray Grant, 13th of Glenmoriston (1860–1953).

Laird
Laird (/ˈlɛərd/) is a Scottish word for minor lord (or landlord) and is a designation that applies to an owner of a large, long-established Scottish estate. In the traditional Scottish order of precedence, a laird ranked below a baron and above a gentleman. This rank was held only by those holding official recognition in a territorial designation by the Lord Lyon King of Arms. They are usually styled [name] [surname] of [lairdship]. However, since "laird" is a courtesy title, it has no formal status in law.

Historically, the term bonnet laird was applied to rural, petty landowners, as they wore a bonnet like the non-landowning classes. Bonnet lairds filled a position in society below lairds and above husbandmen (farmers), similar to the yeomen of England.

An Internet fad is the selling of tiny souvenir plots of Scottish land and a claim of a "laird" title to go along with it, but the Lord Lyon has decreed these meaningless for several reasons.
Selinus (Laconia)
Selinus or Selinous (Ancient Greek: Σελινοῦς) was a village in the north of ancient Laconia, described by Pausanias as 20 stadia from Geronthrae; but as Pausanias seems not to have visited this part of Laconia, the distances may not be correct.

Its site is located northwest the modern Geraki.

Laconia
Laconia or Lakonia (Greek: Λακωνία, Lakonía, [lakoˈni.a]) is a historical and administrative region of Greece located on the southeastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. Since 2011, it has been administered as a regional unit, with Sparta as its capital. The word laconic—to speak in a blunt, concise way—is probably derived from the name of this region, a reference to the ancient Spartans who were renowned for their verbal austerity and blunt, often pithy remarks.
Polymixis polymita
Polymixis polymita is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in most of Europe, but not in the Benelux, Britain, Ireland and the Iberian Peninsula.

The wingspan is 39–46 mm. Adults are on wing from August to October. There is one generation per annum.

The larvae feed on Primula, Lamium, Chaerophyllum and other low growing plants.

Primula
Primula (/ˈprɪmjʊlə/) is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. They include the primrose (P. vulgaris), a familiar wildflower of banks and verges. Other common species are P. auricula (auricula), P. veris (cowslip), and P. elatior (oxlip). These species and many others are valued for their ornamental flowers. They have been extensively cultivated and hybridised (in the case of the primrose, for many hundreds of years). Primula are native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere, south into tropical mountains in Ethiopia, Indonesia, and New Guinea, and in temperate southern South America. Almost half of the known species are from the Himalayas.

Primula has over 500 species in traditional treatments, and more if certain related genera are included within its circumscription.
Trifels Castle
Trifels Castle (German: Reichsburg Trifels, pronounced [ˈʁaɪçsˌbʊʁk ˈtʁiːfɛls]) is a reconstructed medieval castle at an elevation of 500 m (1,600 ft) near the small town of Annweiler, in the Palatinate region of southwestern Germany. It is located high above the Queich valley within the Palatinate Forest on one peak of a red sandstone mountain split into three. Trifels Castle is on the peak of the Sonnenberg, and on both of the other two rock elevations there are castle ruins: Anebos Castle and Scharfenberg Castle (demotically called Münz).

Trifels Castle has been gradually restored since the 19th century and today replicas of the Imperial Regalia (Reichskleinodien) of the Holy Roman Empire are on display here. It is—together with Hambach Castle—one of the most popular tourist destinations in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

Palatinate (region)
The Palatinate (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Pfalz [pfalts] ⓘ; Palatine German: Palz), or the Rhenish Palatinate (Rheinpfalz), is a historical region of Germany. The Palatinate occupies most of the southern quarter of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz), covering an area of 2,105 square miles (5,450 km2) with about 1.4 million inhabitants. Its residents are known as Palatines (Pfälzer).
Siege of Perekop (1663)
The siege of Perekop took place between the Crimeans together with Ottoman janissary forces and the Cossack-Russian forces together with their Kalmyk allies, with destruction of Perekop and surrounding settlements, between 11 October to 16 December 1663.

Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Moscow, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721.

From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) per year. The period includes the upheavals of the transition from the Rurik to the Romanov dynasties, wars with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian conquest of Siberia, to the reign of Peter the Great, who took power in 1689 and transformed the tsardom into an empire. During the Great Northern War, he implemented substantial reforms and proclaimed the Russian Empire after victory over Sweden in 1721.