hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phanagoria
Phanagoria (Ancient Greek: Φαναγόρεια, romanized: Phanagóreia; Russian: Фанагория, romanized: Fanagoriya) was the largest ancient Greek city on the Taman peninsula, spread over two plateaus along the eastern shore of the Cimmerian Bosporus.

The city was a large emporium for all the traffic between the coast of the Maeotian marshes and the countries on the southern side of the Caucasus. It was the eastern capital of the Bosporan Kingdom, with Panticapaeum being the western capital. Strabo described it as a noteworthy city which was renowned for its trade. It was briefly a Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese while a medieval Genoese colony under the name Matrega, it remains a Latin Catholic titular see.

Today the site is located at a short distance to the west of Sennoy in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. Another ancient Greek city, Hermonassa, lies 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the west, on the shoreline of modern Taman.

Genoese colonies
The Genoese colonies were a series of economic and trade posts in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Some of them had been established directly under the patronage of the republican authorities to support the economy of the local merchants (especially after privileges obtained during the Crusades), while others originated as feudal possessions of Genoese nobles, or had been founded by powerful private institutions, such as the Bank of Saint George.
Rituals (Rotting Christ album)
Rituals is the twelfth full-length album by Greek extreme metal band Rotting Christ. It was released on 12 February 2016, via Season of Mist. The album debuted at number 14 on the Billboard heatseekers album chart and at number 10 on Ifpi Greek charts.

Extreme metal
Extreme metal is a loosely defined umbrella term for a number of related heavy metal music subgenres that have developed since the early 1980s. It has been defined as a "cluster of metal subgenres characterized by sonic, verbal, and visual transgression", and refers to metal that is harsher, heavier, more aggressive and less commercialized than other subgenres. Extreme metal is generally underground music that values authenticity and strives to remain outside the mainstream. The term usually includes thrash metal, death metal, black metal and doom metal. Some definitions do not recognise doom metal, or consider that only some of its subgenres are extreme. Most extreme metal styles have very fast tempos and originally took inspiration from hardcore punk.
Jahmir Young
Jahmir Young (born October 7, 2000) is an American professional basketball player for the Miami Heat of the National Basketball Association (NBA), on a two-way contract with the Sioux Falls Skyforce of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Charlotte 49ers and Maryland Terrapins.

Sioux Falls Skyforce
The Sioux Falls Skyforce are an American professional basketball team of the NBA G League based in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, and are affiliated with the Miami Heat. The team has played its home games in the Sanford Pentagon since the 2013–14 season. The Sioux Falls Skyforce are the longest-running minor-league basketball team in the United States.

The Skyforce began in the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) in 1989, playing its home games at Sioux Falls Arena from then until the move to the Pentagon in 2013. It participated in four CBA championship finals, winning the championship trophy in 1996 (defeating the Fort Wayne Fury, four games to one) and 2005 (defeating the Rockford Lightning three games to one).
2018 West Nusa Tenggara gubernatorial election
The 2018 West Nusa Tenggara gubernatorial election took place on 27 June 2018 as part of the simultaneous local elections. It was held to elect the governor of West Nusa Tenggara alongside their deputy, whilst members of the provincial council (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah) will be re-elected in 2019.

With incumbent Muhammad Zainul Majdi meeting his term limits, People's Representative Council member Zulkieflimansyah came ahead in the four-candidate race, defeating regents of Central Lombok and East Lombok Mohammad Suhaili Fadhil Thahir and Ali Bin Dahlan, alongside Mataram mayor Ahyar Abduh, winning 31.8 percent of votes.

Central Lombok Regency
Central Lombok Regency is a regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten) of the Indonesian Province of West Nusa Tenggara. It is located on the island of Lombok and the capital is Praya. It covers a land area of 1,168.13 km2, and had a population of 859,309 at the 2010 census and 1,034,859 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 1,128,716 (comprising 560,768 males and 567,948 females).

The other regencies of Lombok, all of which adjoin the Central Lombok Regency, are the East Lombok Regency, the West Lombok Regency and the North Lombok Regency. The region was first incorporated in accordance with Law Number 69 of the Year 1958.
Tatas Tuhu Trasna, is the motto of the Central Lombok Regency.
Monteodorisio
Monteodorisio (Abruzzese: Mundrìscë, Mundrèiscë) is a comune (municipality) and town in the province of Chieti, in the region of Abruzzo, in central Italy.

It is home to a 13th-century castle. It has three circular towers, and walls 4 metres (13 ft) high.
It is a small town between Vasto and the Abruzzo Mountains.

Neapolitan language
Neapolitan (autonym: ('o n)napulitano [(o n)napuliˈtɑːnə]; Italian: napoletano) is a Romance language of the Southern Italo-Romance group spoken in most of continental Southern Italy. It is named after the Kingdom of Naples, which once covered most of the area, and the city of Naples was its capital. On 14 October 2008, a law by the Region of Campania stated that Neapolitan was to be protected.

While the language group is native to much of continental Southern Italy or the former Kingdom of Naples, the terms Neapolitan, napulitano or napoletano may also instead refer more narrowly to the specific variety spoken natively in the city of Naples and the immediately surrounding Naples metropolitan area and Campania region. The present article mostly deals with this variety, which enjoys a certain degree of prestige and has historically wide written attestations.
Supovsky
Supovsky (Russian: Суповский) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Enemskoye Urban Settlement of Takhtamukaysky District, the Republic of Adygea, Russia. Supovsky is the smallest settlement in the world, which is similar to Salzburg. Architecturally, it looks like Salzburg. The population was 576 as of 2018. There are 7 streets.

Adygea
Adygea (/ˌɑːdɪˈɡeɪə/ AH-dig-AY-ə), officially the Republic of Adygea or the Adygean Republic, is a republic of Russia. It is situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe. The republic is a part of the Southern Federal District, and covers an area of 7,600 square kilometers (2,900 sq mi), with a population of roughly 500,731 residents  as at 2025. It is an enclave within Krasnodar Krai and is the fifth-smallest Russian federal subject by area. Maykop is the capital and the largest city of Adygea, home to one-third of the republic's population.

Adygea is one of Russia's ethnic republics, primarily representing the indigenous Circassian people who form 25% of the Republic's population, while Russians form a majority at 60%, and with minority populations of Armenians and Ukrainians. The official languages of Adygea are Adyghe and Russian.
Louis Basinet
Louis Basinet (November 30, 1846 – May 8, 1918) was a farmer and political figure in Quebec. He represented Joliette in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1886 to 1892 as a Liberal.

He was born in Joliette, Canada East, the son of Joseph Basinet and Louise Trudeau, and was educated at the Collège de Joliette. In 1868, he married Malvina Deblois. Basinet was mayor of Saint-Charles-Borromée from 1878 to 1917. He ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the Quebec assembly in 1885, losing to Joseph-Norbert-Alfred McConville. His election in 1886 was overturned in 1889 but he won the subsequent by-election held later that year. He was reelected in 1890 but lost to Joseph-Mathias Tellier when he ran for reelection in 1892. Basinet died in Joliette at the age of 71.

His brother Charles served as a member of the Canadian House of Commons.

Quebec Liberal Party
The Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec [paʁti libeʁal dy kebɛk], PLQ) is a provincial political party in Quebec. It has been independent of the federal Liberal Party of Canada since 1955.

The QLP has traditionally supported a form of Quebec federalist ideology with nuanced Canadian nationalist tones that supports Quebec remaining within the Canadian federation, while also supporting reforms that would allow substantial autonomism in Quebec. In the context of federal Canadian politics, it is a more centrist party when compared to Conservative and Liberal parties in other provinces, such as the former British Columbia Liberal Party.
Sam Bateman
Samuel Thomas Bateman was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives from 1985 until 2000, when he was forced by term limits to step down.  His district consisted of a portion of Adams County, Ohio.  He was succeeded by Jean Schmidt.

Adams County, Ohio
Adams County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,477. Its county seat and largest village is West Union. The county is named after John Adams, the second President of the United States.
Online Justice Journeys (Rechtwijzer or MyLawBC)
Online Justice  (OJ or Rechtwijzer or MyLawBC) is an online dispute resolution (ODR) platform. The OJ technology was the first ODR distributor to succeed in adapting ODR for relation disputes like divorce and landlord-tenant issues.

OJ's first application was the Dutch Rechtwijzer in 2007. The founding organisation of the OJ technology - HiiL - developed it in conjunction with the Dutch Legal Aid Board, Ministry of Security and Justice, and Modria. Earlier versions were developed at Tilburg University under the leadership of Corry van Zeeland. Later, OJ director Jin Ho Verdonschot, together with Maurits Barendrecht, who is the research director at HiiL, designed the current Rechtwijzer and OJ technology - through a co-creation process with a broad group of judges, lawyers, mediators, social psychologists, business model experts, software developers, UI designers, and policy makers.

Tilburg University
Tilburg University is a Catholic research university specializing in the social and behavioral sciences, economics, law, business sciences, theology and humanities, located in Tilburg, Netherlands.

Tilburg  has a student population of about 19,150 students. Tilburg University has 67 Bachelors & Master's programs. Tilburg University has a PhD population of about 1,000 PhDs and awards approximately 99 PhDs per year. In 2024, the university had over 97,000 alumni. The university has over 3,000 FTE staff members, of which 57% are academic staff.
Cold Water Cowboys
Cold Water Cowboys is a Canadian documentary/reality series developed by Tyson Hepburn and John Driftmier. It aired on  Discovery Channel Canada for 34 episodes and 4 seasons from 2014 to 2017. The show was filmed in Newfoundland and tells the story of six local captains and their crews.

Outside Canada the show is known as Cold Water Gold (National Geographic UK and international) and  Cold Water Captains (The Weather Channel). It is available globally on Netflix under its original title.

Discovery Channel (Canada)
Discovery Channel is a Canadian exempt discretionary service owned by Rogers Sports & Media. Based on the U.S. cable network of the same name, the channel focuses primarily on programming related to nature, science, and technology.
Jinli
30°38′55″N 104°02′51″E﻿ / ﻿30.6484759°N 104.04738°E﻿ / 30.6484759; 104.04738

Jinli (Chinese: 锦里古街; pinyin: jǐnlǐ gǔjiē) is a street in Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Its history can be traced back to the pre-Qin Dynasty era more than 1800 years ago. Jinli was ranked first in "the world's most beautiful streets" published by CNN Travel in 2019.

The street is about 550 meters long. It is a part of the Temple of Marquis, and the buildings are in the Qing Dynasty style. The theme is Three Kingdoms Culture, a traditional folk custom. There are many bars, inns, snack stores and souvenir shops. The street was renovated in 2004.

In 2005, Jinli was named as “National Top Ten City Commercial Pedestrian Street”. In 2006, Jinli was named as “National Demonstration Base of the Cultural Industry” by the Ministry of Culture. It has achieved 18,000,000 visitors a year in 2018. Especially during the Spring Festival, more people come to visit the "Big Temple Fair".

Gift shop
A gift shop or souvenir shop is a store primarily selling souvenirs, memorabilia, and other items relating to a particular topic or theme. The items sold often include coffee mugs, stuffed animals, toys, t-shirts, postcards, handmade collections and other souvenirs, intended to be kept by the buyer as a memento of their visit, or given to another as a gift.

Gift shops are normally found in areas visited by many tourists. Hotels and motels often feature a gift shop near their entrance. Venues such as zoos, aquariums, national parks, theme parks, and museums have their own gift shops as well; in some cases, these shops sell items of higher value than gift shops not associated with a venue, as well as trinkets. These stores are sometimes a source of financial support for educational institutions.
Acraga melinda
Acraga melinda is a moth of the family Dalceridae first described by Herbert Druce in 1898. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama. The habitat consists of tropical premontane wet and rain forests where it is found at altitudes above 600 meters.

The length of the forewings is 14–17 mm for males and 20–23 mm for females. Adults are on wing from February to March, from May to September and in December.

Altitudinal zonation
Altitudinal zonation (or elevational zonation) in mountainous regions describes the natural layering of ecosystems that occurs at distinct elevations due to varying environmental conditions. Temperature, humidity, soil composition, and solar radiation are important factors in determining altitudinal zones, which consequently support different vegetation and animal species. Altitudinal zonation was first hypothesized by geographer Alexander von Humboldt who noticed that temperature drops with increasing elevation. Zonation also occurs in intertidal and marine environments, as well as on shorelines and in wetlands. Scientist C. Hart Merriam observed that changes in vegetation and animals in altitudinal zones map onto changes expected with increased latitude in his concept of life zones. Today, altitudinal zonation represents a core concept in mountain research.
Kataskomiq
Kataskomiq  is an Indian reserve listed by the Canadian Geographical Names Database. The reserve belongs to the Wolastoqiyik Wahsipekuk (Viger) First Nation, Maliseet people. It is not listed by Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada or the last two Canadian census. It is located in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region of Quebec, geographically located within the territory of Rivière-du-Loup Regional County Municipality but is not legally part of it. Its population was 0 in the 2006 Canadian census and does not appear in either the 2011 or 2016 Canadian Census. Before 2021 it was known as Whitworth.

GeoBase (geospatial data)
GeoBase is a federal, provincial and territorial government initiative that is overseen by the Canadian Council on Geomatics (CCOG). It is undertaken to ensure the provision of, and access to, a common, up-to-date and maintained base of quality geospatial data for Canada. Through the GeoBase, users with an interest in geomatics have access to quality geospatial information at no cost and with unrestricted use.
The Lawton Story
The Lawton Story of "The Prince of Peace", originally released as The Lawton Story and later reissued as The Prince of Peace, is a religious-themed film that later made the roadshow rounds presented by exploitation pioneer Kroger Babb. Filmed in Cinecolor in 1948, it is based on an annual passion play in Lawton, Oklahoma, "The Prince of Peace," created in 1926 by Rev. A. Mark Wallock. This Easter pageant became immensely popular among locals, attracting as many as 250,000 people.

The film was presented in various forms through the years following its debut. It also served as the debut film of child actress Ginger Prince, who was touted as her generation's Shirley Temple.

Passion Play
The Passion Play or Easter pageant is a dramatic presentation depicting the Passion of Jesus: his trial, suffering and death. The viewing of and participation in Passion Plays is a traditional part of Lent in several Christian denominations, particularly in the Catholic and Evangelical traditions; as such, Passion Plays are often ecumenical Christian productions.

Passion Plays have had a long and complex history involving faith and devotion, civic pageantry, religious and political censorship, large-scale revival and historical re-enactments.
Yuknessia
Yuknessia is an early pterobranch, known from the Burgess Shale,  the Chengjiang and the Wheeler Shale. Long, unbranched fronds emerge from a central holdfast-like body covered in small conical plates. 23  specimens of Yuknessia are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise  < 0.1% of the community. The genus contains two species: the type species Y. simplex and Y. stephenensis. It was originally interpreted as a green alga, and has since been reinterpreted it as a colonial pterobranch.

Burgess Shale
The Burgess Shale is a fossil-bearing deposit exposed in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada. It is famous for the exceptional preservation of the soft parts of its fossils. At 508 million years old (middle Cambrian), it is one of the earliest fossil beds containing soft-part imprints.

The rock unit is a black shale and crops out at several localities near the town of Field in Yoho National Park and the Kicking Horse Pass. Another outcrop is in Kootenay National Park 42 km to the south.
Chlopsis kazuko
Chlopsis kazuko is an eel in the family Chlopsidae. It was described by Robert J. Lavenberg in 1988. It is a tropical, marine eel which is known from the Gulf of California, in the eastern central Pacific Ocean. It typically dwells at a depth of 93–97 m. Males can reach a maximum standard length of 11.3 cm.

The specific epithet honours Kazuko Nakamura, an archivist at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, who archived the Giles W. Mead ichthyological library.

Gulf of California
The Gulf of California (Spanish: Golfo de California), also known as the Sea of Cortés (Mar de Cortés) or Sea of Cortez, or less commonly as the Vermilion Sea (Mar Vermejo), is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean that separates the Baja California peninsula from the Mexican mainland. It is bordered by the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, and Sinaloa with a coastline of approximately 4,000 km (2,500 mi). Rivers that flow into the Gulf of California include the Colorado, Fuerte, Mayo, Sinaloa, Sonora, and the Yaqui. The surface of the gulf is about 160,000 km2 (62,000 sq mi). Maximum depths exceed 3,000 meters (9,800 ft) because of the complex geology, linked to plate tectonics.

The gulf is thought to be one of the most diverse seas on Earth and is home to more than 5,000 species of micro-invertebrates. Parts of the Gulf of California are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
John Henry Young
John Henry  Young (27 October 1880 – 7 September 1946) was an Australian art collector, art dealer and art gallery director. Young was born in Petersham, Sydney, New South Wales and died in North Sydney, New South Wales.

He is noted for serving as acting director of the Art Gallery of New South Wales 1944–1945 between the incumbencies of Will Ashton and Hal Missingham.

Art Gallery of New South Wales
The Art Gallery of New South Wales (AGNSW), founded as the New South Wales Academy of Art in 1872 and known as the National Art Gallery of New South Wales between 1883 and 1958, is located in The Domain, Sydney, Australia. It is the most important public gallery in Sydney and one of the largest in Australia.

The gallery's first public exhibition opened in 1874. Admission is free to the general exhibition space, which displays Australian art (including Indigenous Australian art), European and Asian art. A dedicated Asian Gallery was opened in 2003.
IGSF8
Immunoglobulin superfamily member 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGSF8 gene. IGSF8 has also been designated as CD316 (cluster of differentiation 316). IGSF8 is an innate immune checkpoint that inhibits the cytotoxic activity of natural killer (NK) cells. IGSF8 acts by binding to the Killer Ig-like Receptor KIR3DL2 (or, in mice, the analogous Klra9 receptor). IGSF8 is frequently overexpressed relative to normal tissues in many cancers, included melanoma, urothelial carcinoma, and breast cancer, and has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target in gliomas.  In normal tissues, IGSF8 is highly expressed in the brain, where it may contribute to the immune privilege of the central nervous system.

Cytotoxicity
Cytotoxicity refers to the capacity of a substance or agent to cause damage or death to living cells, reflecting a critical parameter in pharmacology, toxicology, and biomedicine. It is distinct from cytostatic effects, which inhibit cell growth and proliferation without causing cell death. Cytotoxic agents can induce a range of cellular responses, including inhibition of cell growth, induction of apoptotic or necrotic cell death, and disruption of metabolic or structural cellular integrity. Assessing cytotoxicity is fundamental for evaluating the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical compounds, chemicals, and biomaterials, as it helps predict potential adverse effects and guides therapeutic development.

Various assays—based on enzyme activity, membrane permeability, metabolic activity, or cell proliferation—are routinely employed to characterize and quantify cytotoxic effects in vitro, providing essential insights into cell viability and the mechanisms underlying toxic responses.
London Past and Present
London Past and Present: Its History, Associations, and Traditions by Henry B. Wheatley is a topographical and historical dictionary of London streets and landmarks, published by John Murray in 1891, that is still regarded as a definitive work in its area. Wheatley's work was based upon The Handbook of London by Peter Cunningham, published 1849, as well as literary, architectural and historical sources.

It was reprinted by Cambridge University Press in 2011 in the Cambridge Library Collection of "works of enduring scholarly value".

John Murray (publishing house)
John Murray is a Scottish publisher, known for the authors it has published in its long history including Jane Austen, Arthur Conan Doyle, Lord Byron, Charles Lyell, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Herman Melville, Edward Whymper, Thomas Robert Malthus, David Ricardo, and Charles Darwin. Since 2004, it has been owned by conglomerate Lagardère under the Hachette UK brand.
William Milnes Marsden
William Henry Milnes Marsden MBE (1873–1956) was a British solicitor and philatelist who was added to the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1947. He was a Justice of the Peace.

Milnes Marsden was an expert in the philately of Bosnia, for which he won awards. He contributed on that subject to the Kohl Briefmarken-Handbuch. He was a vice-president of the Royal Philatelic Society London.

He was the son of W. H. Marsden J.P. of Derby, and was educated at Repton School.

Repton School
Repton School is a 13–18 co-educational, private, boarding and day school in the public school tradition, in Repton, Derbyshire, England.

Sir John Port of Etwall, on his death in 1557, left funds to create a grammar school which was then established at the Repton Priory. For its first 400 years, the school accepted only boys; girls were admitted from the 1970s, and the school was fully co-educational by the 1990s.

Notable alumni, also known as "Old Reptonians", include C. B. Fry, Harold Abrahams, Christopher Isherwood, Jeremy Clarkson, Andy Wilman, Roald Dahl, Adrian Newey and Archbishop Lord Ramsey of Canterbury.