hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cudell, Cleveland
Cudell (/kəˈdɛl/) is a neighborhood on the West Side of Cleveland, Ohio. Named after Frank E. Cudell, the neighborhood has been a part of Cleveland since 1904, upon the completion of municipal annexation of the land by the city.

For Cleveland City Council, the Cudell neighborhood is split between the 11th and 15th wards, and is represented jointly by council members Danny Kelly and Jenny Spencer.

Cleveland City Council
Cleveland City Council is the legislative branch of government for the City of Cleveland, Ohio. Its chambers are located at Cleveland City Hall at 601 Lakeside Avenue, across the street from Public Auditorium in Downtown Cleveland. Cleveland City Council members are elected from 15 wards to four-year terms. In Cleveland's mayor–council (strong mayor) form of government, council acts as a check against the power of the city executive, the mayor. Its responsibilities include "monitoring city departments, approving budgets, and enacting legislation to improve the quality of life [for the citizens of the city]."

The current President of Council is Blaine Griffin. Following Councilman Kerry McCormack's resgination on October 3, Councilwoman Jasmin Santana became Majority Leader.  Patricia Britt serves as the Clerk of Council.
1st Battalion, 11th Marines
1st Battalion, 11th Marines (1/11) is an artillery battalion comprising five firing batteries and a Headquarters battery. The battalion is stationed at the Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton in California. Its primary weapon system is the M142 HIMARS rocket artillery launcher and the M777 lightweight howitzer. The battalion is under the command of the 11th Marine Regiment, part of the 1st Marine Division.

M777 howitzer
The M777 howitzer is a British towed 155 mm artillery piece in the howitzer class. It is used by the ground forces of Australia, Canada, Colombia, India, Saudi Arabia, Ukraine, and the United States. It was first used in combat during the War in Afghanistan.

The M777 is manufactured by BAE Systems' Global Combat Systems division. Prime contract management is based in Barrow-in-Furness in Cumbria, England, as well as manufacture and assembly of the titanium structures and associated recoil components. Final integration and testing of the weapon is undertaken at BAE's facility in Hattiesburg, Mississippi, US. Depending on the year, contract and systems package, the M777 has been exported with individual unit costs from US$2.025 million (in 2008) to $3.738 million (in 2017).
Jassim Al-Tamimi
Jassim Youssef Al Tamimi  is a Qatari former football midfielder who played for the Qatar national football team in the 2000 Asian Cup. He also played for Al Wakrah and Al Sadd. He has 100 caps for the national team.

2000 AFC Asian Cup
The 2000 AFC Asian Cup was the 12th edition of the men's AFC Asian Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). The finals were held in Lebanon between 12 and 29 October 2000. Japan defeated defending champion Saudi Arabia in the final match in Beirut.
KFTK-FM
KFTK-FM (97.1 MHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to Florissant, Missouri, and serving the Greater St. Louis area.  It airs a talk radio format and is owned by Audacy, Inc.  The studios are on Olive Street in downtown St. Louis.

KFTK-FM is a Class C1 station.  It has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for most stations.  The transmitter is on Magdalen Lane in O'Fallon.  Besides a standard analog transmission, KFTK-FM broadcasts using HD Radio technology, carrying the Infinity Sports Network on its HD2 digital subchannel. KFTK-FM is available online via Audacy.com.

O'Fallon, Missouri
O'Fallon (/oʊˈfælən/ oh-FAL-ən) is a city in St. Charles County, Missouri, United States. It is part of the St. Louis metropolitan statistical area, located along Interstates 64 and 70 between Lake St. Louis and St. Peters. As of the 2020 census, O'Fallon had a population of 91,316, making it the most populous suburb of St. Louis, as well as the most populous municipality in St. Charles County and the 7th most populous in Missouri. O'Fallon's namesake in St. Clair County, Illinois, is also part of the St. Louis region. The two cities are one of the few pairs of same-named municipalities to be part of the same metro area.
Ivan Fyodorov (printer)
Ivan Fyodorov or Ivan Fеdorov (Russian: Ива́н Фёдоров; Ukrainian: Іван Федоров or Федорович; born c. 1510 or c. 1525 – died December 16, 1583) sometimes transliterated as Fiodorov, was one of the fathers of Eastern Slavonic printing (along with Schweipolt Fiol and Francysk Skaryna). He was also a skilled cannon maker and the inventor of a multibarreled mortar. Fyodorov was forced out of Moscow because of his attempts to employ the “blasphemous” new printing techniques, and found refuge in Poland–Lithuania, first in Zabłudów, then most notably in Ostroh, where he was instrumental in the publication of the Ostrog Bible.

Printing
Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The earliest known form of printing evolved from ink rubbings made on paper or cloth from texts on stone tablets, used during the sixth century. Printing by pressing an inked image onto paper (using woodblock printing) appeared later that century. Later developments in printing technology include the movable type invented by Bi Sheng around 1040 and the printing press invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. The technology of printing played a key role in the development of the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of learning to the masses.
Indra Viki Okvana
Viki Indra Okvana (born 21 October 1988) is an Indonesian badminton player from Suryanaga Mutiara Timur club. He also played for the Deltacar Benátky nad Jizerou club in Czech Republic. He was the bronze medallists at the 2005 Asian Junior Championships in the boys' doubles and team event. Okvana was selected to join the Indonesia national team in 2006. He won the mixed doubles title at the 2007 Dutch Junior International tournament partnered with Richi Puspita Dili. Okvana who educated at the STIE Perbanas Jakarta competed at the 2007 Summer Universiade in Bangkok, winning a bronze medal in the mixed team event. Partnered with Gustiani Megawati, they won the mixed doubles title at the Czech, Turkey, Bahrain and Hungarian International tournaments. He also won the men's doubles title at the Austrian International with Ardiansyah Putra, and Hungarian International with Albert Saputra.

Czech International
The Czech Open in badminton is an international open held in the Czech Republic since 1993. This tournament followed the Czechoslovakian Open and is often used by European, in particular Danish, new generation talents as jump board into the European point. In 2018, the Český Badmintonový Svaz held two level 4 tournaments, the International Series in Karviná, and the International Challenge in Brno, which held in March and September, respectively.
Stadion Lohmühle
The Lohmühle is a football stadium in Lübeck, Germany. It is the home ground of VfB Lübeck, located in the Holstentor Nord district, which is itself part of the larger St. Lorenz Nord area of the city. After the demolition of the old terracing and construction of the new main stand in 1996, a consequence of the club's promotion to the 2. Bundesliga the previous year, the stadium now has a capacity of 17,849 seats, of which about 4,400 are covered. For a considerable period prior to the redevelopment of Kiel's 15,034-seater Holstein-Stadion, the Lohmühle was the largest stadium in Schleswig-Holstein, but due to various restrictions (including fire safety and the requirement for TV and media areas) only around 10,800 seats are currently usable. Between November 2011 and 2013 it was called PokerStars.de-Stadion an der Lohmühle because of a naming rights sponsorship by PokerStars.de.

Holstein-Stadion
Holstein-Stadion is a stadium in the port city of Kiel in northern Germany. It is the home of football club Holstein Kiel, who currently play in Germany's Bundesliga.

In 2005, the DFB ruled that the old stadium did not meet the body's minimal stadium requirements, claiming the stadium was no longer fit for football and was in desperate need of a substantial makeover. Failure to make the required upgrades would rule the club ineligible to play in the 2. Bundesliga or potentially result in the DFB revoking Holstein Kiel's license entirely. In 2006, the city government and team officials subsequently developed a plan to provide €1.6 million towards the renovation of the stadium.
2008 Campeonato Brasileiro Sub-20
The Campeonato Brasileiro Sub 20 2008 (Under-20 Brazilian Championship) was the 3rd edition of the annual tournament organized by FGF, the Rio Grande do Sul State Football Federation. Only players 20 years old or younger are allowed to play. The competition was contested by all teams on the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A 2008, except from Vasco and São Paulo, which were replaced by Corinthians and Juventude. It began on December 8 and the final match was played on December 21, 2008.

The matches were played at four stadiums: Passo D'Areia and PUC Sport Stadium in Porto Alegre; Morada dos Quero-Queros in Alvorada; and Municipal Farroupilha in Alegrete.

After reaching the final for the second time in tournament history, Grêmio won its first title. They beat city rivals Internacional in the semifinal match and then, in the final match, they came back from a 0-1 score against Sport to win the tournament.

Esporte Clube Juventude
Esporte Clube Juventude (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [isˈpɔʁtʃi ˈklubi ʒuvẽˈtudʒi]), or simply Juventude, is a Brazilian football club in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul. The club currently competes in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série B, the second tier of Brazilian football, as well as in Campeonato Gaúcho, the Rio Grande do Sul state football league. Major titles won by the club include the 1999 Copa do Brasil, the 1994 Campeonato Brasileiro Série B and the 1998 Campeonato Gaúcho. Their greatest rival is Caxias, with whom it contests the Caxias do Sul derby, also known as Ca–Ju.
Imre Szentpály
Imre Szentpály (November 15, 1904 – January 24, 1987) was a Hungarian polo player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Nagyvárad.

He was part of the Hungarian polo team, which finished fourth. He played all three matches in the 1936 tournament.

He died in Budapest.

Polo at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Polo returned to the Olympic program at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, after not being contested at the 1928 Games or 1932 Games. The 1936 tournament was the last time that the sport was contested at the Olympic Games. Argentina repeated as champions, winning gold medals in both of the Games in which the nation competed. Great Britain took silver; British polo players had earned medals in all five of the Olympic polo tournaments (including as members of mixed teams in 1900). Mexico took bronze, matching its previous performance in 1900.
Cedar oil
Cedar oil, also known as cedarwood oil, is an essential oil derived from various types of conifers, most in the pine or cypress botanical families. It is produced from the foliage, and sometimes the wood, roots, and stumps left after logging of trees for timber. It has many uses in art, industry, and perfumery, and while the characteristics of oils derived from various species may vary, all have some degree of pesticidal effects.

Embalming
Embalming is the art and science of preserving human remains by treating them with embalming chemicals in modern times to forestall decomposition. This is usually done to make the deceased suitable for viewing as part of the funeral ceremony or keep them preserved for medical purposes in an anatomical laboratory. The three goals of embalming are sanitization, presentation, and preservation, with restoration being an important additional factor in some instances. Performed successfully, embalming can help preserve the body for many years. Embalming has a long, cross-cultural history, with many cultures giving the embalming processes religious meaning.

Animal remains can also be embalmed by similar methods, though embalming is distinct from taxidermy. Embalming preserves the body while keeping it intact, whereas taxidermy is the recreation of an animal's form often using only the creature's skin, fur or feathers mounted on an anatomical form.
Yamamae Site
The Yamamae ruins (山前遺跡, Yamamae iseki) is an archaeological site located in what is now the town of  Misato, Tōda District, Miyagi Prefecture in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan.  The site is the ruins of a settlement with associated tombs and shell midden containing remains from the early Jōmon period through the Kofun period, indicating continuous occupation over several thousand years. It is protected by the central government as a National Historic Site.

Miyagi Prefecture
Miyagi Prefecture (宮城県, Miyagi-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲiꜜ.ja.ɡʲi, -ŋʲi, mʲi.ja.ɡʲiꜜ.keɴ, -ŋʲiꜜ-]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Miyagi Prefecture has a population of 2,265,724 (1 August 2023) and has a geographic area of 7,282 km2 (2,812 sq mi). Miyagi Prefecture borders Iwate Prefecture to the north, Akita Prefecture to the northwest, Yamagata Prefecture to the west, and Fukushima Prefecture to the south.

Sendai is the capital and largest city of Miyagi Prefecture, and the largest city in the Tōhoku region, with other major cities including Ishinomaki, Ōsaki, and Tome. Miyagi Prefecture is located on Japan's eastern Pacific coast  and bounded to the west by the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, with 24% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Miyagi Prefecture is home to Matsushima Islands, a group of islands ranked as one of the Three Views of Japan, near the town of Matsushima.
Planetary habitability in the Solar System
Planetary habitability in the Solar System is the study that searches the possible existence of past or present extraterrestrial life in those celestial bodies. As exoplanets are too far away and can only be studied by indirect means, the celestial bodies in the Solar System allow for a much more detailed study: direct telescope observation, space probes, rovers and even human spaceflight.

Aside from Earth, no planets in the solar system are known to harbor life. Mars, Europa, and Titan are considered to have once had or currently have conditions permitting the existence of life. Multiple rovers have been sent to Mars, while Europa Clipper is planned to reach Europa in 2030, and the Dragonfly space probe is planned to launch in 2027.

Permanently shadowed crater
A permanently shadowed crater  is a depression on a body in the Solar System within which lies a point that is always in darkness. As of 2019, there are 324 known permanently shadowed regions on the Moon. Such regions also exist on Mercury and Ceres.
Balearic slinger
The Balearic slingers, indigenous to the Balearic Islands, were warriors from ancient times famed for their mastery in the art of using the sling. They also served as mercenaries for both Carthaginian and Roman forces, particularly during the post-Talayotic era.

They played a role in the wars against the Greeks in Sicily and the Second Punic War, including the Battle of Baecula. Later, they served as light infantry auxiliaries in various battles, including Julius Caesar's legions in the Gallic Wars. Initially recruited voluntarily, conflicts with the Balearic populations arose during the final phase of the Punic Wars, leading to forced conscriptions, especially in Menorca.

Volunteer military
A volunteer military system or all-volunteer military system (AVMS) is a military service system that maintains the military only with applicants without conscription. A country may offer attractive pay and benefits through military recruitment to attract potential recruits. Many countries with volunteer militaries reserve the right to renew conscription in the event of an emergency.
The Indian Army is the world's largest standing volunteer army.

In recent decades, the trend among numerous countries has been to move from conscription to all-volunteer military forces. One significant example is in France, which has historically been the first to introduce modern conscription and whose model was followed by many other countries in Europe and elsewhere around the world.
Pierre Benoit (MLA)
Pierre Benoit (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ bənwa]; 30 April 1824 – 26 August 1870) was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Quebec.

He practised his profession as a notary in Saint-Rémi, Quebec from 1846 to 1861. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada for Napierville in a by-election in 1862, representing the Parti rouge; he was defeated in 1863.

He was elected to the first Legislative Assembly of Quebec in the 1867 general election for the Quebec Liberal Party in Napierville.  He died in office.

1867 Quebec general election
The 1867 Quebec general election was held in August and September 1867 to elect members of the First Legislature for the Province of Quebec, Canada. The Quebec Conservative Party, led by Premier Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau, defeated the Quebec Liberal Party led by Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière.
Coolfluid
COOLFluiD is a component based scientific computing environment that handles high-performance computing problems with focus on complex computational fluid dynamics (CFD) involving multiphysics phenomena.

It features a Collaborative Simulation Environment where multiple physical models and multiple discretization  methods are implemented as components within the environment. These components form a component-based architecture where they serve as building blocks of customized applications.

Multiphysics simulation
In computational modelling, multiphysics simulation (often shortened to simply "multiphysics") is defined as the simultaneous simulation of different aspects of a physical system or systems and the interactions among them. For example, simultaneous simulation of the physical stress on an object, the temperature distribution of the object and the thermal expansion which leads to the variation of the stress and temperature distributions would be considered a multiphysics simulation. Multiphysics simulation is related to multiscale simulation, which is the simultaneous simulation of a single process on either multiple time or distance scales.

As an interdisciplinary field, multiphysics simulation can span many science and engineering disciplines. Simulation methods frequently include numerical analysis,  partial differential equations and tensor analysis.
Route 102 (Virginia–West Virginia)
Virginia State Route 102 (SR 102) and West Virginia Route 102 (WV 102) are adjoining state highways in the U.S. states of Virginia and West Virginia.  The two state highways together run 11.4 miles (18.3 km) from Center Street in Pocahontas, Virginia east to the Virginia – West Virginia state line between the twin cities of Bluefield, Virginia and Bluefield, West Virginia.  Most of Route 102 consists of three sections in Virginia maintained by the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT); the two intervening sections in West Virginia are maintained by the West Virginia Division of Highways.  In addition to connecting Pocahontas with the two Bluefields, the state highway passes through Nemours, West Virginia and Falls Mills, Virginia and provides access to Bluefield College.

Bluefield, Virginia
Bluefield  is a town in Tazewell County, Virginia, United States, located along the Bluestone River.  The population was 5,096 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Bluefield WV-VA micropolitan area which has a population of 106,363 in 2020.
PNU-22394
PNU-22394, or PNU-22394A, also known as U-22394A, as well as 6-methyl-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydroazepino[4,5-b]indole, is a serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist of the ibogalog family which was studied as an appetite suppressant and antipsychotic but was never marketed. As an ibogalog, PNU-22394 is a cyclized tryptamine and a simplified ibogaine analogue.

Intrinsic activity
Intrinsic activity (IA) and maximal efficacy (Emax) refer to the relative ability of a drug-receptor complex to produce a maximum functional response. This must be distinguished from the affinity, which is a measure of the ability of the drug to bind to its molecular target, and the EC50, which is a measure of the potency of the drug and which is proportional to both efficacy and affinity. This use of the word "efficacy" was introduced by Stephenson (1956) to describe the way in which agonists vary in the response they produce, even when they occupy the same number of receptors. High efficacy agonists can produce the maximal response of the receptor system while occupying a relatively low proportion of the receptors in that system. There is a distinction between efficacy and intrinsic activity.
William Douglas, 1st Earl of Queensberry
William Douglas, 1st Earl of Queensberry (c. 1582 – 8 March 1639/40) was a Scottish noble.

He was the eldest son of James Douglas, 8th of Drumlanrig and his wife Mary Fleming. He inherited his father's title, as 9th Laird of Drumlanrig, in October 1615. Between 1616 and 1623, he held the offices of Provost of Lincluden, Sheriff of Dumfries, and Justice of the peace for Dumfries.
On 1 April 1628 he was created lord Douglas, of Hawick and Tibbers, viscount Drumlanrig.

He was created the first earl of Queensberry in 1633, originating the still-extant Queensberry titles. On his death he was succeeded in his titles by his son James.

Dumfries
Dumfries (Scots: /dʌmˈfriːs/ ⓘ dum-FREESS; from Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Phris Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [ˌt̪un ˈfɾʲiʃ]) is a market town and former royal burgh in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, near the mouth of the River Nith on the Solway Firth, 25 miles (40 km) from the Anglo-Scottish border. Dumfries is the county town of the historic county of Dumfriesshire.

Before becoming King of Scots, Robert the Bruce killed his rival John Comyn III of Badenoch at Greyfriars Kirk in the town in 1306. The Young Pretender had his headquarters here towards the end of 1745. In World War II, the Norwegian armed forces in exile in Britain largely consisted of a brigade in Dumfries.

Dumfries is nicknamed Queen of the South. This is also the name of the town's football club. People from Dumfries are known colloquially in Scots language as Doonhamers.
Hugh of Jabala
Hugh was the bishop of Jabala, or, as it was then called, Gibellum, a town in Syria, during the 12th century. When the County of Edessa fell to Zengi in 1144, Raymond of Antioch sent Hugh to report the news to Pope Eugene III. In response, Eugene issued the papal bull Quantum praedecessores the following year calling for the Second Crusade. Hugh also told the historian Otto of Freising about Prester John, the mythical Nestorian Christian priest-king of India, who was intending to help the Crusader States against the Saracens. Otto included the story in his Chronicon of 1145; it is the first recorded mention of the Prester John legend.

Imad al-Din Zengi
Al-Malik al-Mansur Abu al-Mudhaffar Imad al-Din Zengi bin Aq Sunqur al-Hajib bin Abdullah (Arabic: المَلِكُ المَنْصُور أَبُو المُظَفَّرِ عِمَادُ اَلدِّينِ زَنْكِي بْنُ آقِ سَنقَر الحَاجِب بْنِ عَبْدِ الله ; c. 1084/88 – 14 September 1146), also romanized as Zangi, Zengui, Zenki, and Zanki, was a Turkoman atabeg of the Seljuk Empire, who ruled Mosul, Aleppo, Hama, and, later, Edessa. He was the namesake and founder of the Zengid dynasty of atabegs.